TY - JOUR T1 - Colocalized transmembrane determinants for ER degradation and subunit assembly explain the intracellular fate of TCR chains. AN - 80070690; 2225064 AB - The intracellular fate of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) subunits (alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta 2) is determined by their assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To study the structural bases for this tight correlation between assembly and intracellular fate, we sought to define the nature of determinants for both ER degradation and subunit assembly within the TCR-alpha chain. We found that a 9 amino acid transmembrane sequence of the TCR-alpha chain, containing 2 critical charged residues, was sufficient to cause ER degradation when placed in the context of the Tac antigen, used here as a reporter protein. CD3-delta assembled with chimeric proteins containing this short transmembrane sequence, and this assembly resulted in abrogation of targeting for ER degradation. Thus, the colocalization of determinants for ER degradation and sites of subunit interactions explains how the fate of some newly synthesized TCR chains can be decided on the basis of their assembly status. JF - Cell AU - Bonifacino, J S AU - Cosson, P AU - Klausner, R D AD - Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Nov 02 SP - 503 EP - 513 VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 0092-8674, 0092-8674 KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- immunology KW - Transfection KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Cell Line KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80070690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Colocalized+transmembrane+determinants+for+ER+degradation+and+subunit+assembly+explain+the+intracellular+fate+of+TCR+chains.&rft.au=Bonifacino%2C+J+S%3BCosson%2C+P%3BKlausner%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Bonifacino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-02&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell&rft.issn=00928674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magainin-like immunoreactivity in human submandibular and labial salivary glands. AN - 85263296; pmid-2212614 AB - Magainins, antimicrobial peptides secreted by granular glands of frog skin, may be related to the high resistance to infections of this epithelial surface. The oral mucosa of healthy individuals is another tissue in which infection is not frequent, probably owing to the activity of potent salivary and mucosal defense mechanisms. To investigate if magainin-like factors are a component of these oral defense mechanisms, human and animal minor (mucosal) and major salivary glands were examined by immunohistochemistry, using a polyclonal rabbit anti-magainin antibody. Cryostat sections of (para) formaldehyde-fixed tissues were incubated with the antibody and then stained with fluorescein-complexed anti-rabbit IgG. Specific staining was observed in the apical portion of the cytoplasm of ductal epithelial cells of human submandibular and labial salivary glands. Diffuse staining was present in submandibular acinar cells. Bovine, rat, hamster, and mouse tissues were unreactive. The presence of magainin-like substances in human salivary gland duct cells is consistent with reports of the occurrence of other biologically active substances in salivary gland ducts. JF - The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society AU - Wolff, A AU - Moreira, J E AU - Bevins, C L AU - Hand, A R AU - Fox, P C AD - Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 1531 EP - 1534 VL - 38 IS - 11 SN - 0022-1554, 0022-1554 KW - Human KW - Animal KW - Child KW - Mice KW - Hamsters KW - Submandibular Gland KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Antimalarials KW - Cattle KW - Salivary Glands, Minor KW - Adult KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mesocricetus KW - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - Peptides KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Male KW - Female KW - Salivary Glands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85263296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Histochemistry+and+Cytochemistry+%3A+Official+Journal+of+the+Histochemistry+Society&rft.atitle=Magainin-like+immunoreactivity+in+human+submandibular+and+labial+salivary+glands.&rft.au=Wolff%2C+A%3BMoreira%2C+J+E%3BBevins%2C+C+L%3BHand%2C+A+R%3BFox%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Histochemistry+and+Cytochemistry+%3A+Official+Journal+of+the+Histochemistry+Society&rft.issn=00221554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of speech and voice disorders with botulinum toxin. AN - 85178571; pmid-2232044 JF - JAMA AU - Ludlow, Christy L AD - Laryngeal and Speech Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke PY - 1990 SP - 2671 EP - 2675 VL - 264 IS - 20 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85178571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+speech+and+voice+disorders+with+botulinum+toxin.&rft.au=Ludlow%2C+Christy+L&rft.aulast=Ludlow&rft.aufirst=Christy&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=2671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bone marrow transplantation as a means of inducing tolerance. AN - 80395067; 2104278 AB - Successful induction of bone marrow chimerism is the most potent means of inducing specific transplantation tolerance across major histocompatibility barriers. Reliable, non-toxic methods of achieving such chimerism could obviate the need for chronic immunosuppressive therapy in clinical organ transplantation. Some novel conditioning protocols have recently been developed which permit the achievement of this goal in animal models. Recent developments have led to a greater understanding of the mechanisms leading to the induction of tolerance in each of these models. JF - Seminars in immunology AU - Sykes, M AU - Sachs, D H AD - Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 401 EP - 417 VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1044-5323, 1044-5323 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Immunosuppression KW - Bone Marrow Transplantation -- immunology KW - Immune Tolerance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80395067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+immunology&rft.atitle=Bone+marrow+transplantation+as+a+means+of+inducing+tolerance.&rft.au=Sykes%2C+M%3BSachs%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Sykes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+immunology&rft.issn=10445323&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ascorbic acid protects neurons from injury induced by glutamate and NMDA. AN - 80389142; 1983355 AB - We have previously shown that redox phenomena regulate the function of the NMDA receptor in the brain and that ascorbic acid (AA) behaves as a receptor antagonist. Here we examined the potential neuroprotective effects of AA against toxicity induced by NMDA and glutamate in rat cerebral cortical neurones in cultures. AA completely protected against injury induced by 100 microM NMDA and markedly reduced cell death induced by 500 microM NMDA or 50 microM glutamate. Dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) did not provide significant neuroprotection. Hence, we propose that AA may serve in the CNS as a neuroprotectant. JF - Neuroreport AU - Majewska, M D AU - Bell, J A AD - Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. PY - 1990 SP - 194 EP - 196 VL - 1 IS - 3-4 SN - 0959-4965, 0959-4965 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Glutamates KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Dehydroascorbic Acid KW - Y2Z3ZTP9UM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Dehydroascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Glutamates -- toxicity KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - N-Methylaspartate -- toxicity KW - N-Methylaspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80389142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroreport&rft.atitle=Ascorbic+acid+protects+neurons+from+injury+induced+by+glutamate+and+NMDA.&rft.au=Majewska%2C+M+D%3BBell%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Majewska&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroreport&rft.issn=09594965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of nuclear NF-kappa B DNA binding activity after exposure of lymphoid cells to soluble tax1 protein. AN - 80378062; 2101630 AB - We demonstrate that purified HTLV-I Tax1 protein can be taken up by 70Z/3 lymphoid cells and localized in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Introduction of the Tax1 protein into the growth medium of 70Z/3 cells resulted in the rapid and transient induction of NF-kappa B binding activity in the nuclear fraction. Tax1 activation of NF-kappa B was not sensitive to either staurosporin or prolonged stimulation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, suggesting that Tax1-dependent NF-kappa B activation did not require the protein kinase C pathway. Purified Tax1 did not directly increase NF-kappa B binding activity in 70Z/3 cytoplasmic extracts, suggesting that NF-kappa B induction may require cellular factors. Western blot and competitive radioimmunoassays demonstrated that Tax1 protein was present in the tissue culture media of HTLV-I-transformed cell lines. These results show that extracellular Tax1 may regulate cellular gene expression in noninfected cells. JF - The New biologist AU - Lindholm, P F AU - Marriott, S J AU - Gitlin, S D AU - Bohan, C A AU - Brady, J N AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1034 EP - 1043 VL - 2 IS - 11 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Gene Products, tax KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - NF-kappa B KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Staurosporine KW - H88EPA0A3N KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- metabolism KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Protein Binding -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Alkaloids -- pharmacology KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 -- physiology KW - Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 -- genetics KW - NF-kappa B -- biosynthesis KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral -- drug effects KW - Gene Products, tax -- pharmacokinetics KW - Gene Products, tax -- pharmacology KW - NF-kappa B -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80378062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Induction+of+nuclear+NF-kappa+B+DNA+binding+activity+after+exposure+of+lymphoid+cells+to+soluble+tax1+protein.&rft.au=Lindholm%2C+P+F%3BMarriott%2C+S+J%3BGitlin%2C+S+D%3BBohan%2C+C+A%3BBrady%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Lindholm&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-19 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum neopterin levels following intravenous endotoxin administration to normal humans. AN - 80366844; 2129203 AB - Endotoxin was administered intravenously to five normal subjects. Measurement of serum neopterin levels demonstrated no significant change from baseline during the first 6 h after endotoxin administration, but were elevated two to four-fold at 24 h. In the three subjects in whom it was measured, a two-fold rise of the mean serum neopterin levels persisted at 48 h. The acute inflammatory events initiated by endotoxin administration to normal humans result in a delayed, but sustained, rise in serum neopterin levels which persists well after the acute phase response has subsided. JF - Immunobiology AU - Bloom, J N AU - Suffredini, A F AU - Parrillo, J E AU - Palestine, A C AD - National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 317 EP - 323 VL - 181 IS - 4-5 SN - 0171-2985, 0171-2985 KW - Endotoxins KW - 0 KW - Biopterin KW - 22150-76-1 KW - Neopterin KW - 670-65-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Humans KW - Acute-Phase Reaction -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Shock, Septic -- blood KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Acute-Phase Reaction -- blood KW - Biopterin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Biopterin -- blood KW - Endotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Endotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80366844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunobiology&rft.atitle=Serum+neopterin+levels+following+intravenous+endotoxin+administration+to+normal+humans.&rft.au=Bloom%2C+J+N%3BSuffredini%2C+A+F%3BParrillo%2C+J+E%3BPalestine%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunobiology&rft.issn=01712985&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-08-09 N1 - Date created - 1991-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laminin-mediated process formation in neuronal cells involves protein dephosphorylation. AN - 80352450; 1965840 AB - Laminin mediates neural adhesion and process formation. A possible signal transduction pathway for laminin was investigated in both NG108-15 and PC12 neuronal cells using radiolabeling studies as well as various stimulators and inhibitors of phosphatases and kinases. Using [32P]-ortho-phosphate, laminin caused a decrease in the TCA-precipitable counts. Further, laminin stimulated dephosphorylation of laminin binding proteins of 110 kDa, 67 kDa, and 45 kDa and this dephosphorylation was blocked by the phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, and the protein kinase C stimulator, TPA. The phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and vanadate, as well as the protein kinase C stimulators, TPA and DAG, blocked laminin-mediated process formation. Inhibitors of kinase activity such as H-7, H-8, and H-9 increased laminin-mediated neural process formation. Since phosphate incorporation into laminin-binding proteins is decreased by laminin and because both phosphatase inhibitors and kinase stimulators inhibit laminin-mediated process formation, we conclude that dephosphorylation events promote the neural cell response to laminin. JF - Journal of neuroscience research AU - Weeks, B S AU - DiSalvo, J AU - Kleinman, H K AD - Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Anomalies, National Institute of Dental Research National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 418 EP - 426 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0360-4012, 0360-4012 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Ethers, Cyclic KW - Laminin KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Phosphoproteins KW - 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol KW - 1069-87-0 KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - Vanadates KW - 3WHH0066W5 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neuroblastoma -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- ultrastructure KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Vanadates -- pharmacology KW - Ethers, Cyclic -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Diglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Glioma -- pathology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Cell Adhesion -- drug effects KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Laminin -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- ultrastructure KW - Signal Transduction KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80352450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neuroscience+research&rft.atitle=Laminin-mediated+process+formation+in+neuronal+cells+involves+protein+dephosphorylation.&rft.au=Weeks%2C+B+S%3BDiSalvo%2C+J%3BKleinman%2C+H+K&rft.aulast=Weeks&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neuroscience+research&rft.issn=03604012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptors in wild-type and mutant embryonal carcinoma PCC4.aza1R cells. AN - 80322999; 1965138 AB - Retinoic acid (RA) induces differentiation of murine embryonal carcinoma PCC4.aza1R cells. In this study, the expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) in PCC4.aza1R cells is examined. Analyses of [3H]RA-labeled nuclear extracts prepared from PCC4.aza1R cells by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated the presence of a specific RA-binding activity that migrated with a molecular weight of approximately 50,000. More than 95% of this binding activity was associated with the nuclear fraction. In contrast to cytosolic retinoic acid-binding protein, the RARs bound RA analogues of the Ch-series very effectively. Northern blot analyses of total RNA with complementary DNA probes specific for RAR alpha, RAR beta, and RAR gamma showed that PCC4.aza1R cells contain predominantly transcripts encoding RAR alpha and RAR gamma; RAR beta transcripts were undetectable. Treatment of PCC4.aza1R cells with RA increased the levels of RAR beta mRNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The RA concentration for half-maximum induction of RAR beta mRNA was 1 nM. An increase in RAR beta mRNA was detectable as early as 2 h after the addition of RA. This increase was not abrogated by cycloheximide, suggesting that protein synthesis is not required for this response. The ability of several retinoids to increase RAR beta mRNA levels in PCC4.aza1R cells correlated well with their binding affinity to the RARs but not with their binding affinity to cytosolic retinoic acid-binding protein. Two mutant cell lines, PCC4(RA)-1 and (RA)-2, which do not undergo differentiation after RA treatment, contained levels of RAR-binding activity very similar to those of the parental cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Nervi, C AU - Vollberg, T M AU - Grippo, J F AU - Lucas, D A AU - George, M D AU - Sherman, M I AU - Shudo, K AU - Jetten, A M AD - Cell Biology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 535 EP - 542 VL - 1 IS - 11 SN - 1044-9523, 1044-9523 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA Probes KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Cytoplasm -- metabolism KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Teratoma -- genetics KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Carrier Proteins -- genetics KW - Tretinoin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80322999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+nuclear+retinoic+acid+receptors+in+wild-type+and+mutant+embryonal+carcinoma+PCC4.aza1R+cells.&rft.au=Nervi%2C+C%3BVollberg%2C+T+M%3BGrippo%2C+J+F%3BLucas%2C+D+A%3BGeorge%2C+M+D%3BSherman%2C+M+I%3BShudo%2C+K%3BJetten%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Nervi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10449523&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental lead toxicity: nutrition as a component of intervention. AN - 80322849; 2088758 AB - The influence of nutritional status on susceptibility to the toxicity of lead is discussed. Emphasis is given to dietary factors of substantial clinical importance. Subtle changes in susceptibility are difficult to evaluate under conditions of overwhelming lead exposure. It is clear that subtle effects of lead exposure on neurobehavioral and cognitive development are a major concern. The role of nutrition is considered to be an adjunct to reduction of environmental lead exposure, which is the primary means of reducing adverse health effects of lead. Nutrition should be evaluated as a component of strategies to address this broad societal issue. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mahaffey, K R AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 75 EP - 78 VL - 89 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Calcium, Dietary KW - 0 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Iron -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Calcium, Dietary -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Diet KW - Lead Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena KW - Lead Poisoning -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80322849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+lead+toxicity%3A+nutrition+as+a+component+of+intervention.&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Pediatr. 1982 Dec;101(6):948-52 [6183419] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1980 Sep 15;55(2):220-8 [7191586] Pediatrics. 1983 Jun;71(6):877-80 [6856400] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1984 Sep-Oct;6(5):387-402 [6514103] Med J Aust. 1985 Aug 5;143(3):131 [4021897] Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 Aug;44(2):248-56 [3728362] Environ Res. 1986 Oct;41(1):327-38 [3489614] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1987;22(2):131-9 [3669096] Pediatrics. 1987 Nov;80(5):721-30 [2444921] N Engl J Med. 1988 Aug 25;319(8):468-75 [3405253] Environ Res. 1988 Oct;47(1):79-94 [3168967] J Lab Clin Med. 1970 Dec;76(6):933-42 [5485382] J Lab Clin Med. 1972 Jan;79(1):128-36 [5007557] J Lab Clin Med. 1973 Jul;82(1):92-100 [4352267] J Pediatr. 1976 Mar;88(3):372-81 [1107503] J Lab Clin Med. 1977 Oct;90(4):700-6 [903699] J Pediatr. 1978 Jan;92(1):21-5 [338872] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Dec;46(3):651-61 [746552] Lancet. 1980 Aug 2;2(8188):236-7 [6105398] Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Aug;33(8):1784-8 [7405881] Environ Res. 1983 Feb;30(1):188-94 [6687570] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth inhibition of a human lymphoma cell line: induction of a transforming growth factor-beta-mediated autocrine negative loop by phorbol myristate acetate. AN - 80320876; 1965139 AB - Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) exerts profound inhibitory effects on a number of cell types, including normal B- and T-lymphocytes. In contrast, we have found a number of lymphoid tumor cell lines to be insensitive to the antiproliferative effects of TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 2. Binding and cross-linking with radioiodinated TGF-beta 1 demonstrated either low or absent expression of all three TGF-beta receptor species on three B-cell tumor lines, but T-cell and non-T, non-B tumors expressed large numbers of receptors. Treatment of the B-cell lines with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced the expression of TGF-beta receptors and inhibited proliferation in all three lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cell lines constitutively produced TGF-beta mRNA and released small amounts of latent TGF-beta; however, PMA induced the release of active TGF-beta. A neutralizing antibody to TGF-beta was able to reverse the PMA-induced growth inhibition of the malignant lymphoma cell line, RL, and addition of exogenous TGF-beta reversed the effect of the neutralizing antibody. Thus, TGF-beta can inhibit human lymphoma cell growth in vitro through an autocrine mechanism. Some lymphoma cells appear to have escaped from TGF-beta negative regulation by failing to express functional TGF-beta receptors and/or by failing to secrete active TGF-beta receptors and/or by failing to acts to inhibit lymphoma cell growth is by inducing the expression of TGF-beta receptors and the secretion of active TGF-beta, thereby reestablishing an autocrine growth-inhibitory loop. JF - Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Sing, G K AU - Ruscetti, F W AU - Beckwith, M AU - Keller, J R AU - Ellingsworth, L AU - Urba, W J AU - Longo, D L AD - Division of Cancer Treatment National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 549 EP - 557 VL - 1 IS - 11 SN - 1044-9523, 1044-9523 KW - Mitogens KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Immunologic Techniques KW - B-Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- physiology KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Lymphoma -- pathology KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80320876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Growth+inhibition+of+a+human+lymphoma+cell+line%3A+induction+of+a+transforming+growth+factor-beta-mediated+autocrine+negative+loop+by+phorbol+myristate+acetate.&rft.au=Sing%2C+G+K%3BRuscetti%2C+F+W%3BBeckwith%2C+M%3BKeller%2C+J+R%3BEllingsworth%2C+L%3BUrba%2C+W+J%3BLongo%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Sing&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10449523&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Semen analysis and fertility assessment in rabbits: statistical power and design considerations for toxicology studies. AN - 80316403; 2086311 AB - Semen analysis is commonly used in evaluating human response to reproductive toxicants. Serial semen samples can be collected from rabbits and fertility assessed by artificial insemination, hence this species is potentially well suited for male reproductive toxicity studies that might be extrapolated to humans. However, the size and cost of rabbits often restricts the number of animals used, reducing the sensitivity of such studies. Therefore, it was of interest to optimize study design for semen analysis and fertility assessment in rabbits. Semen samples were collected weekly from sexually mature New Zealand white rabbits and a range of parameters was analyzed (Semen--pH, volume, osmolality; Sperm--number and concentration, morphology, viability, percentage motility, motion characteristics; Seminal plasma--fructose, citric acid, carnitine and protein concentrations, acid phosphatase activity). Male fertility was assessed by inseminating female rabbits with the minimum number of motile sperm required for normal fertility, determined to be one million. The within- and between-buck variabilities were determined for all parameters and used to calculate the statistical power of different study designs. The variability of sperm number and concentration was decreased when measured in four ejaculates collected within a short period of time rather than in a single ejaculate; this was not true of other endpoints measured. In addition, use of preexposure observations further increased the statistical power for all of the parameters. These data can be used to determine the optimum design for studies of male reproductive toxicity using rabbits, with particular regard to cost and the number of animals used. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Williams, J AU - Gladen, B C AU - Schrader, S M AU - Turner, T W AU - Phelps, J L AU - Chapin, R E AD - Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 651 EP - 665 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Citrates KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Citric Acid KW - 2968PHW8QP KW - Fructose KW - 30237-26-4 KW - Acid Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.2 KW - Carnitine KW - S7UI8SM58A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Citrates -- analysis KW - Carnitine -- analysis KW - Rabbits KW - Sperm Motility KW - Fructose -- analysis KW - Acid Phosphatase -- analysis KW - Insemination, Artificial KW - Sperm Count KW - Spermatozoa -- metabolism KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Female KW - Male KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure KW - Semen -- metabolism KW - Semen -- chemistry KW - Semen -- drug effects KW - Fertility -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80316403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Semen+analysis+and+fertility+assessment+in+rabbits%3A+statistical+power+and+design+considerations+for+toxicology+studies.&rft.au=Williams%2C+J%3BGladen%2C+B+C%3BSchrader%2C+S+M%3BTurner%2C+T+W%3BPhelps%2C+J+L%3BChapin%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of IgA B-cell development in the mucosal immune system. AN - 80307205; 2081791 AB - The factors regulating the differentiation of IgA B cells have been of great interest to mucosal immunologists as well as those generally interested in B-cell differentiation. It is now clear that such differentiation involves two major steps; first, isotype switch differentiation of surface IgM-bearing B cells into surface IgA-bearing B cells and, second, terminal differentiation of IgA B cells into IgA-producing plasma cells. Both of these steps are regulated processes that are under the influence of various cytokines and lymphokines. This paper presents data that define the role of cytokines and lymphokines in the regulation of IgA B-cell differentiation. A model of IgA B-cell differentiation is described in which the first step involves activation of the C alpha gene, while the latter is in germline configuration and thus the induction of surface IgM-bearing B cells partially committed to IgA expression. This occurs in Peyer's patches as a result of as yet incompletely defined signals from patch "switch cells." The second step consists of conversion of the partially committed B cells to fully IgA-committed B cells and thus the completion of isotype switch differentiation. This step may be under the control of interleukin-4 (IL-4). The last step of the model involves the activation of IgA B cells (by antigen or mitogen) followed by the appearance on the cell surface of receptors which allow the cell to interact with cytokines or lymphokines (particularly IL-5). Such interaction results in cells capable of secreting IgA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Journal of clinical immunology AU - Strober, W AD - National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 56S EP - 61S; discussion 61S-63S VL - 10 IS - 6 Suppl SN - 0271-9142, 0271-9142 KW - Immunoglobulin A KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region KW - Interleukin-4 KW - 207137-56-2 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Genes, Immunoglobulin KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Gene Rearrangement KW - Mucous Membrane -- immunology KW - Interleukin-4 -- physiology KW - Cell Differentiation -- immunology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Immunoglobulin A -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80307205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+immunology&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+IgA+B-cell+development+in+the+mucosal+immune+system.&rft.au=Strober%2C+W&rft.aulast=Strober&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6+Suppl&rft.spage=56S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+immunology&rft.issn=02719142&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lymphokine receptor-directed therapy: a model of immune intervention. AN - 80304525; 2081786 AB - We have proposed a multichain model for the high-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor involving two IL-2-binding peptides, a 70/75 kilodalton (kD) and a 55 kD, reactive with the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody, which are associated in a receptor complex. With the use of coprecipitation analysis, radiolabeled interleukin-2 cross-linking procedures, and flow cytometric resonance energy transfer measurements, a series of additional peptides of molecular weight 22,000, 35,000, 40,000, 75,000 (non-IL-2 binding), 95,000-105,000, and 180,000 has been associated with the two interleukin-2-binding peptides. In contrast to resting T cells, the abnormal T cells of patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus I-associated adult T-cell leukemia, patients with select autoimmune disorders, and individuals rejecting allografts express the Tac peptide (p55) of the IL-2 receptor. To exploit this difference in Tac antigen expression, we have initiated therapeutic trials using unmodified anti-Tac, conjugates of anti-Tac with truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin PE-40, interleukin-2-truncated toxin fusion proteins, and alpha- and beta-emitting isotopic chelates of anti-Tac. Furthermore, by genetic engineering humanized hyperchimeric anti-Tac molecules have been prepared in which the molecule is entirely human IgG1, except for the small complementarity-determining regions that are retained from the mouse antibody. This "humanized" antibody manifested the ability to perform antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity absent in the original mouse monoclonal. The clinical application of anti-interleukin-2 receptor-directed therapy represents a new perspective for the treatment of certain neoplastic diseases and autoimmune disorders and for the prevention of allograft rejection. JF - Journal of clinical immunology AU - Waldmann, T A AU - Grant, A AU - Tendler, C AU - Greenberg, S AU - Goldman, C AU - Bamford, R AU - Junghans, R P AU - Nelson, D AD - Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 19S EP - 28S; discussion 28S-29S VL - 10 IS - 6 Suppl SN - 0271-9142, 0271-9142 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Transplantation Immunology KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Immunotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- therapy KW - Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Models, Biological KW - Molecular Weight KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- immunology KW - Immunotherapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80304525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+immunology&rft.atitle=Lymphokine+receptor-directed+therapy%3A+a+model+of+immune+intervention.&rft.au=Waldmann%2C+T+A%3BGrant%2C+A%3BTendler%2C+C%3BGreenberg%2C+S%3BGoldman%2C+C%3BBamford%2C+R%3BJunghans%2C+R+P%3BNelson%2C+D&rft.aulast=Waldmann&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6+Suppl&rft.spage=19S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+immunology&rft.issn=02719142&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservative mutations in the putative metal-binding region of human immunodeficiency virus tat disrupt virus replication. AN - 80295685; 2078407 AB - The tat trans-activator proteins of the primate immunodeficiency viruses contain a highly conserved cysteine-rich domain. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat there are seven cysteines located between residues 22 and 37 that are thought to form a metal-nucleic acid-binding structure. Most of the previous mutagenesis studies had demonstrated that these residues are essential for tat activity and virus expression. Here we show that potentially conserved cysteine-histidine substitutions within the proposed tetrahedral structure still eliminate tat activity and virus expression. Consistent with previous studies, one cysteine-to-histidine mutation (amino acid 31) had little effect on trans-activation. We have studied the functional properties, stability and subcellular localization of several tat protein mutants. Most of the mutants are stable and properly localized to the nucleus and/or nucleolus. However, cysteine-to-glycine at position 34 affected tat stability. Our studies with the histidine mutants suggest that tat does not assume the prototype "zinc finger" structure for metal binding. JF - AIDS research and human retroviruses AU - Sadaie, M R AU - Mukhopadhyaya, R AU - Benaissa, Z N AU - Pavlakis, G N AU - Wong-Staal, F AD - Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1257 EP - 1263 VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 0889-2229, 0889-2229 KW - tat KW - Gene Products, tat KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - HIV Long Terminal Repeat KW - Animals KW - Cysteine -- metabolism KW - Blotting, Western KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Cell Line KW - HIV-1 -- metabolism KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Virus Replication -- genetics KW - Metals -- metabolism KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - Genes, tat KW - Gene Products, tat -- metabolism KW - Gene Products, tat -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80295685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+research+and+human+retroviruses&rft.atitle=Conservative+mutations+in+the+putative+metal-binding+region+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+tat+disrupt+virus+replication.&rft.au=Sadaie%2C+M+R%3BMukhopadhyaya%2C+R%3BBenaissa%2C+Z+N%3BPavlakis%2C+G+N%3BWong-Staal%2C+F&rft.aulast=Sadaie&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+research+and+human+retroviruses&rft.issn=08892229&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - tat N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic studies of cutaneous photosensitizing agents--XV. Anthralin and its oxidation product 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone. AN - 80261406; 2287637 AB - The photochemistry (Type I and II) of anthralin and its photo-oxidation product 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (1,8-DHAQ) has been studied in ethanol, acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide using spin-trapping and direct detection of singlet oxygen (1O2) luminescence techniques. In ethanol, where it exists in its neutral form (AN), anthralin does not undergo either Type I or II reactions upon UV-irradiation. In contrast, irradiation of anthralin in acetonitrile, a solvent in which anthralin is partially converted to its corresponding mono-anion (AN-), generates both superoxide and singlet oxygen. Irradiation of anthralin in dimethylsulfoxide, where the AN- form is present in substantial quantity, generates superoxide and solvent derived radicals but no detectable singlet oxygen. UV-irradiation of 1,8-DHAQ in ethanol and acetonitrile produces both superoxide and singlet oxygen in significant yields. In dimethylsulfoxide, on the other hand, only superoxide and solvent derived radicals are observed. The 1O2 quantum yield for AN- and 1,8-DHAQ in acetonitrile were determined to be 0.14 and 0.88 relative to rose bengal in the same solvent. These findings suggest that the AN photosensitization occurs via Type I and II pathways, is solvent dependent and involves AN- as well as its oxidation product 1,8-DHAQ, which is a more potent generator of both singlet oxygen and superoxide. JF - Photochemistry and photobiology AU - Dabestani, R AU - Hall, R D AU - Sik, R H AU - Chignell, C F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 961 EP - 971 VL - 52 IS - 5 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - Anthraquinones KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents KW - Singlet Oxygen KW - 17778-80-2 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Anthralin KW - U8CJK0JH5M KW - danthron KW - Z4XE6IBF3V KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Molecular Structure KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents -- chemistry KW - Anthralin -- chemistry KW - Anthraquinones -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80261406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+studies+of+cutaneous+photosensitizing+agents--XV.+Anthralin+and+its+oxidation+product+1%2C8-dihydroxyanthraquinone.&rft.au=Dabestani%2C+R%3BHall%2C+R+D%3BSik%2C+R+H%3BChignell%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Dabestani&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=961&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trivializing dependence. AN - 80252765; 2285838 AB - There are a number of repetitive behaviors which have in common what appears to be a decrease in an individual's capacity to choose to discontinue them. The taxonomy we select to categorize these behaviors depends on our objectives. Broad definition which label as 'addictions' both repetitive use of drugs and repetitive behaviors not related to drug use call attention to the loss of flexibility that the behaviors have in common. However, such broad definitions may overemphasize the value of general behavioral approaches to change and obscure the fact that seemingly similar behaviors can be dramatically changed by very different specific interventions; (for example, nicotine gum for cigarette smoking, clomipramine for obsessive compulsive disorder.) It is also possible that calling both compulsive hair-pulling and daily heroin use 'addictive disorders' may trivialize the concept of addiction and lead to an erosion of public support for research and intervention in the chemical addictions. JF - British journal of addiction AU - Jaffe, J H AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Alcohol, Drug Abuse & Mental Health Administration, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1425 EP - 7; discussion 1429-31 VL - 85 IS - 11 SN - 0952-0481, 0952-0481 KW - Index Medicus KW - Internal-External Control KW - Humans KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- psychology KW - Motivation KW - Drive KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80252765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+addiction&rft.atitle=Trivializing+dependence.&rft.au=Jaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Jaffe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=British+journal+of+addiction&rft.issn=09520481&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Br J Addict. 1990 Nov;85(11):1389-94 [2285832] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drug-induced allergic hepatitis. AN - 80243747; 2281338 JF - Seminars in liver disease AU - Pohl, L R AD - Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 305 EP - 315 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0272-8087, 0272-8087 KW - Anesthetics KW - 0 KW - Ticrynafen KW - HC95205SY4 KW - Halothane KW - UQT9G45D1P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ticrynafen -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Anesthetics -- adverse effects KW - Halothane -- adverse effects KW - Hepatitis, Alcoholic -- etiology KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- etiology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Drug Hypersensitivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80243747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+liver+disease&rft.atitle=Drug-induced+allergic+hepatitis.&rft.au=Pohl%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Pohl&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+liver+disease&rft.issn=02728087&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fordyce's granules of the incisor and molar gingiva in F344 rats. AN - 80233851; 2278131 AB - Fordyce's granules were observed in the gingiva of the upper incisor and molar teeth in F344 rats. The data were based on 734 males and 722 females that were used as control and treated animals in 26-week, 65-week, and 2-year studies by the National Toxicology Program. The incidence of Fordyce's granules was markedly different when comparing sex, age, and site of the lesion. Fordyce's granules were very common in the midsagittal gingiva of the upper incisor in males and increased in incidence with age (34.2, 50, and 56.3% in 26-week, 65-week, and 2-year studies, respectively). The granules of the incisor gingiva were rare in females (0,0, and 2.8% in 26-week, 65-week, and 2-year studies, respectively). Fordyce's granules of the molar gingiva were very rare in both sexes and were found only in 9/734 (1.2%) males and in 3/722 (0.4%) females. Only three unilateral granules of the molar were grossly recognized as focal swelling of the gingiva or a white nodule with a huge cyst in the third upper molar. Histologically, Fordyce's granules were arranged as a collection of sebaceous glands unassociated with hair follicles. In addition, the granules of the molar gingiva were associated with cystically dilated ducts filled with sebum. Ultrastructurally, the sebaceous cells were characterized by varying numbers of cytoplasmic lipid droplets and occasional desmosome and hemidesmosome formation. Fordyce's granules previously reported in rats of other strains were also reviewed and compared with those in F344 rats in regard to incidence, location, and age. JF - Veterinary pathology AU - Yoshitomi, K AU - Brown, H R AU - Eustis, S AD - Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 432 EP - 438 VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0300-9858, 0300-9858 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Incisor KW - Gingiva -- pathology KW - Molar KW - Male KW - Female KW - Sebaceous Glands KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Choristoma -- pathology KW - Gingival Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Choristoma -- veterinary KW - Rodent Diseases -- pathology KW - Gingival Neoplasms -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80233851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+pathology&rft.atitle=Fordyce%27s+granules+of+the+incisor+and+molar+gingiva+in+F344+rats.&rft.au=Yoshitomi%2C+K%3BBrown%2C+H+R%3BEustis%2C+S&rft.aulast=Yoshitomi&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+pathology&rft.issn=03009858&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alcohol challenge with sons of alcoholics: a critical review and analysis. AN - 80207341; 2270234 AB - Studies are reviewed in which response to acute administration of alcohol was compared between individuals with and without family histories of alcoholism (FH+, FH-). This research represents a search for a psychobiological marker for alcoholism. A methodological critique of the procedures reported in this literature is then presented. Finally, a conceptual model is suggested in which differences in the response to alcohol between FH+ individuals and FH- individuals must be understood in relation to time after drinking alcohol. This Newtonian differentiator model proposes that sons of alcoholics exhibit acute sensitization as blood alcohol level rises and acute tolerance as blood alcohol level falls, compared with sons of nonalcoholics. Therefore, FH+ subjects find alcohol more rewarding because they accentuate the pleasurable, excitatory aspects of initial intoxication and attenuate the feelings of anxiety and depression that predominate as blood alcohol levels drop. JF - Psychological bulletin AU - Newlin, D B AU - Thomson, J B AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 383 EP - 402 VL - 108 IS - 3 SN - 0033-2909, 0033-2909 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Acetaldehyde KW - GO1N1ZPR3B KW - Index Medicus KW - Ethanol -- pharmacokinetics KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Acetaldehyde -- pharmacokinetics KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Arousal -- physiology KW - Male KW - Child of Impaired Parents -- psychology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- psychology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- genetics KW - Alcoholism -- genetics KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Social Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80207341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+bulletin&rft.atitle=Alcohol+challenge+with+sons+of+alcoholics%3A+a+critical+review+and+analysis.&rft.au=Newlin%2C+D+B%3BThomson%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Newlin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychological+bulletin&rft.issn=00332909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-19 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the mutagenicity of the anti-inflammatory drug salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP). AN - 80184817; 1979833 AB - Salicylazosulfapyridine, commonly known as sulfasalazine or SASP, is an anti-inflammatory drug that is widely used in the treatment of diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Increases in sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) frequencies have been reported in lymphocytes of patients maintained on SASP therapy for up to 21 months. We have tested SASP for its ability to induce chromosome aberrations (ABS) and SCE in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, ABS in mouse bone marrow cells, and MN in erythrocytes from both bone marrow and peripheral blood of mice. In vitro assays for ABS and SCE were negative. In vivo, SASP administered by single gavage at doses up to 1000 mg/kg did not increase ABS in bone marrow cells of male B6C3F1 mice; however, increases in MN were observed in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of male and female B6C3F1 mice administered 675, 1350 or 2700 mg/kg SASP by gavage for 90 days. Weak but significant dose-related increases in MN were also observed in the bone marrow cells of male B6C3F1 mice administered 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg SASP for 3 days. These positive findings in mice support the role of SASP in the induction of MN and SCE in humans, and suggest the need for further evaluation of possible adverse human health effects associated with SASP therapy. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Bishop, J B AU - Witt, K L AU - Gulati, D K AU - MacGregor, J T AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 549 EP - 554 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Sulfasalazine KW - 3XC8GUZ6CB KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Bone Marrow -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- pharmacology KW - Erythrocytes -- cytology KW - Mice KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - Sulfasalazine -- toxicity KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Sulfasalazine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80184817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+mutagenicity+of+the+anti-inflammatory+drug+salicylazosulfapyridine+%28SASP%29.&rft.au=Bishop%2C+J+B%3BWitt%2C+K+L%3BGulati%2C+D+K%3BMacGregor%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cerebrospinal fluid thyrotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in alcoholics and normal controls. AN - 80169951; 1701664 AB - Alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function have been reported in alcoholism. Blunting of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) occurs in approximately 25% of alcoholic patients. Using a sensitive radioimmunoassay that allows TRH itself to be measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), CSF concentrations of TRH were measured in alcoholics and normal controls. There was no significant difference in TRH concentrations between the groups. However, among the controls there was a significant correlation between CSF concentrations of the major serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and CSF concentrations of TRH. This correlation was lacking in the alcoholics. These findings are of interest because basic neurobiological studies have reported that TRH and serotonin are co-localized in certain neurons in the rat central nervous system. JF - Biological psychiatry AU - Roy, A AU - Bissette, G AU - Nemeroff, C B AU - DeJong, J AU - Ravitz, B AU - Adinoff, B AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/11/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Nov 01 SP - 767 EP - 772 VL - 28 IS - 9 SN - 0006-3223, 0006-3223 KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 5Y5F15120W KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyrotropin -- blood KW - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System -- physiopathology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Middle Aged KW - Depressive Disorder -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Thyroid Gland -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80169951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Cerebrospinal+fluid+thyrotropin-releasing+hormone+concentrations+in+alcoholics+and+normal+controls.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BBissette%2C+G%3BNemeroff%2C+C+B%3BDeJong%2C+J%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+psychiatry&rft.issn=00063223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of FSH-stimulated cAMP accumulation and progesterone production by mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in rat granulosa cell cultures. AN - 80166885; 2175055 AB - Several phthalate esters are male and female reproductive toxicants in vivo. In the male, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the active metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), inhibits follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated cAMP accumulation in the Sertoli cell in vitro. Since granulosa and Sertoli cells share several structural and functional characteristics, the effect of MEHP on granulosa cell intracellular cAMP accumulation was examined to elucidate a possible mechanism for DEHP reproductive toxicity in females. MEHP (100 microM) reduced FSH-stimulated cAMP accumulation in granulosa cells by 40% after a 24-hr preincubation. Significant inhibition of cAMP accumulation by MEHP occurred by 15 hr and MEHP did not affect the dose of FSH which resulted in half-maximal stimulation. Detailed investigations regarding the mechanism of MEHP inhibition were conducted using cholera toxin, forskolin, and isoproterenol. In contrast to FSH, MEHP did not affect the ability of these compounds to stimulate cAMP accumulation. In addition, a functional endpoint of granulosa cell function, progesterone production, was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by MEHP. Further experiments will be necessary to determine the significance of these findings to in vivo toxicity, but these experiments describe a specific site of action of MEHP in vitro which may be related to the in vivo female reproductive toxicity of phthalate esters. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Treinen, K A AU - Dodson, W C AU - Heindel, J J AD - Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 334 EP - 340 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Proteins KW - 0 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate KW - FU2EWB60RT KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Granulosa Cells -- drug effects KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- administration & dosage KW - Granulosa Cells -- cytology KW - Cyclic AMP -- pharmacokinetics KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- pharmacology KW - Granulosa Cells -- metabolism KW - Progesterone -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80166885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+FSH-stimulated+cAMP+accumulation+and+progesterone+production+by+mono%282-ethylhexyl%29+phthalate+in+rat+granulosa+cell+cultures.&rft.au=Treinen%2C+K+A%3BDodson%2C+W+C%3BHeindel%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Treinen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=334&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exacerbation of Darier's disease by lithium carbonate. AN - 80158908; 2123895 JF - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology AU - Milton, G P AU - Peck, G L AU - Fu, J J AU - DiGiovanna, J J AU - Nordlund, J J AU - Thomas, J H AU - Sanders, S F AD - Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 926 EP - 928 VL - 23 IS - 5 Pt 1 SN - 0190-9622, 0190-9622 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Lithium Carbonate KW - 2BMD2GNA4V KW - Etretinate KW - 65M2UDR9AG KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Etretinate -- administration & dosage KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Etretinate -- therapeutic use KW - Adult KW - Female KW - Darier Disease -- pathology KW - Lithium -- blood KW - Darier Disease -- chemically induced KW - Antiviral Agents -- adverse effects KW - Lithium -- adverse effects KW - Antiviral Agents -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80158908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Exacerbation+of+Darier%27s+disease+by+lithium+carbonate.&rft.au=Milton%2C+G+P%3BPeck%2C+G+L%3BFu%2C+J+J%3BDiGiovanna%2C+J+J%3BNordlund%2C+J+J%3BThomas%2C+J+H%3BSanders%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Milton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5+Pt+1&rft.spage=926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.issn=01909622&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late tissue reactions after single-fraction sequential half-body irradiation (HBI) in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. AN - 80158729; 2254118 AB - Lung and hepatic toxicities constituted the main radiation-related damage after half-body irradiation (HBI) used as the treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Liver damage was mostly transient after a single dose of 8 Gy and could be well monitored by serum enzyme levels. A dose-response relationship could be shown for lung damage in the single dose range of 6.25-9.25 Gy, but the relationship did not reach statistical significance. A significant dose-rate effect could be shown. Mediastinal involvement by lymphoma seemed to increase the risk of pneumonitis. In a radical setting half-body irradiation is recommended to be used at a low dose-rate or as a multifraction irradiation in order to reduce the risk of liver and lung toxicities. JF - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics AU - Awwad, H K AU - el Badawy, S AU - el Ghamrawy, K AU - el Mongy, M AU - Rizk, S AD - Radiotherapy Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1229 EP - 1232 VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0360-3016, 0360-3016 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Pneumonia -- etiology KW - Male KW - Liver -- radiation effects KW - Female KW - Lung -- radiation effects KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- radiotherapy KW - Whole-Body Irradiation -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80158729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.atitle=Late+tissue+reactions+after+single-fraction+sequential+half-body+irradiation+%28HBI%29+in+patients+with+non-Hodgkin%27s+lymphomas.&rft.au=Awwad%2C+H+K%3Bel+Badawy%2C+S%3Bel+Ghamrawy%2C+K%3Bel+Mongy%2C+M%3BRizk%2C+S&rft.aulast=Awwad&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.issn=03603016&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elimination of infectious human immunodeficiency virus from human T-cell cultures by synergistic action of CD4-Pseudomonas exotoxin and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. AN - 80131799; 1701055 AB - We have previously described a recombinant protein, designated CD4(178)-PE40, consisting of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein-binding region of human CD4 linked to the translocation and ADP-ribosylation domains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. By virtue of its affinity for gp120 (the external subunit of the HIV envelope glycoprotein), the hybrid toxin selectively binds to and kills HIV-1-infected human T cells expressing surface envelope glycoprotein and also inhibits HIV-1 spread in mixed cultures of infected and uninfected cells. We now report that CD4(178)-PE40 and reverse transcriptase inhibitors exert highly synergistic effects against HIV-1 spread in cultured human primary T cells. Furthermore, combination treatment can completely eliminate infectious HIV-1 from cultures of human T-cell lines. This conclusion is based on protection of a susceptible cell population from HIV-induced killing, complete inhibition of virus protein accumulation, and elimination of HIV DNA (as judged by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis). The results highlight the therapeutic potential of treatment regimens involving combination of a virostatic drug that inhibits virus replication plus an agent that selectively kills HIV-infected cells. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Ashorn, P AU - Moss, B AU - Weinstein, J N AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AU - Berger, E A AD - Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 8889 EP - 8893 VL - 87 IS - 22 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunotoxins KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors KW - Virulence Factors KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - HIV -- growth & development KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Didanosine -- administration & dosage KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Synergism KW - Exotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - T-Lymphocytes -- microbiology KW - HIV Infections -- therapy KW - Antigens, CD4 -- chemistry KW - Antigens, CD4 -- administration & dosage KW - Exotoxins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80131799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Elimination+of+infectious+human+immunodeficiency+virus+from+human+T-cell+cultures+by+synergistic+action+of+CD4-Pseudomonas+exotoxin+and+reverse+transcriptase+inhibitors.&rft.au=Ashorn%2C+P%3BMoss%2C+B%3BWeinstein%2C+J+N%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I%3BBerger%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Ashorn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=8889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-10 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1988 Sep 22;335(6188):369-72 [2843774] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4539-43 [2989831] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9539-43 [2480605] N Engl J Med. 1989 Sep 14;321(11):726-38 [2671731] Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):868-71 [6189183] J Virol. 1988 Jan;62(1):139-47 [3257102] J Immunol Methods. 1986 Nov 6;93(2):157-65 [3490518] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Jun;6(6):795-804 [2114147] Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497-500 [6200935] Science. 1989 Jul 21;245(4915):305-8 [2665081] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium-induced route-specific alterations in essential trace element homeostasis. AN - 80127657; 2244343 AB - To determine if route-specific differences in essential trace element homeostasis occur after cadmium (Cd) exposure, selected metals (Zn, Fe, Ca, K, Cu, Mg, and Cd) were determined in testis, liver and lung after subcutaneous and intravenous Cd treatment. Cd by the subcutaneous route had the most pronounced effects on essential trace element homeostasis in the testes, increasing the concentration of Zn (51%), Fe (242%), Ca (95%), K (93%), and Cu (345%) in conjunction with a decrease of testicular Mg (46%), while few changes occurred with intravenous Cd. In the lung, modest changes of all elements except Ca and Cu were observed with Cd. However, alterations in Fe and Zn concentration were seen only in the liver. The present study suggests that levels of the essential metals in a particular tissue can be modified depending on the route of Cd administration. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Wahba, Z Z AU - Waalkes, M P AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 77 EP - 81 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Trace Elements -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80127657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Cadmium-induced+route-specific+alterations+in+essential+trace+element+homeostasis.&rft.au=Wahba%2C+Z+Z%3BWaalkes%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Wahba&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, on the corneal endothelium in galactosemic dogs. AN - 80125817; 2122961 AB - Wide-field specular microscopy was used to examine the central corneal endothelium of age- and sex-matched beagle dogs fed for up to 32 months either normal control diets containing 30% nonnutrient filler (13 dogs) or diets containing 30% galactose with (13 dogs) or without (12 dogs) concomitant treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil. Computerized morphometric analysis of the endothelial cells indicated that a significant decrease in cell density and increase in mean cell area occurred in untreated galactose-fed dogs after 32 months of feeding compared with the normal controls. However, no significant difference could be observed in similar galactose-fed dogs treated with sorbinil. No significant difference in the coefficient of variation of the area, or percent hexagonality of the endothelial cells, or the corneal thickness could be observed in any group. These findings demonstrated that endothelial abnormalities were present in the cornea of the galactose-fed dogs which were similar to those reported for diabetic dogs, rats, and patients and that these changes can be prevented by the concomitant administration of an aldose reductase inhibitor. These findings suggest a role for aldose reductase in the abnormalities noted in the corneal endothelium in diabetes and galactosemia. JF - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science AU - Datiles, M B AU - Kador, P F AU - Kashima, K AU - Kinoshita, J H AU - Sinha, A AD - National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 2201 EP - 2204 VL - 31 IS - 11 SN - 0146-0404, 0146-0404 KW - Imidazoles KW - 0 KW - Imidazolidines KW - Aldehyde Reductase KW - EC 1.1.1.21 KW - sorbinil KW - G4186B906P KW - Galactose KW - X2RN3Q8DNE KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Count -- drug effects KW - Random Allocation KW - Dogs KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Male KW - Imidazoles -- blood KW - Imidazoles -- pharmacology KW - Endothelium, Corneal -- drug effects KW - Galactosemias -- chemically induced KW - Endothelium, Corneal -- pathology KW - Galactosemias -- pathology KW - Aldehyde Reductase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Aldehyde Reductase -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80125817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investigative+ophthalmology+%26+visual+science&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+sorbinil%2C+an+aldose+reductase+inhibitor%2C+on+the+corneal+endothelium+in+galactosemic+dogs.&rft.au=Datiles%2C+M+B%3BKador%2C+P+F%3BKashima%2C+K%3BKinoshita%2C+J+H%3BSinha%2C+A&rft.aulast=Datiles&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Investigative+ophthalmology+%26+visual+science&rft.issn=01460404&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of cholecystokinin receptors on the sphincter of Oddi. AN - 80121370; 2240227 AB - To characterize directly the ability of cholecystokinin (CCK) to interact with receptors on the sphincter of Oddi (SO), we measured binding of 125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter-labeled COOH-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (125I-BH-CCK-8) to tissue sections from the guinea pig SO. Autoradiography localized binding of 125I-BH-CCK-8 over the SO smooth muscle layer. Binding was saturable, specific, dependent on time, pH, and temperature, and was reversible. Binding of 125I-BH-CCK-8 was inhibited by various CCK receptor agonists with the following potencies: CCK-8 much greater than des(SO3)CCK-8 much greater than gastrin-17-I and by various CCK receptor antagonists with the following potencies: L-364,718 greater than proglumide analogue 10 much greater than carbobenzoxy-Tyr(SO3H)-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-NH2 greater than N2,O2' dibutyryl guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. The potencies of agonists in stimulating and of antagonists in inhibiting CCK-8-stimulated SO contractions correlated closely with their abilities to inhibit binding of 125I-BH-CCK-8. Analysis of binding of 125I-BH-CCK-8 to SO tissue sections revealed two classes of CCK binding sites: a high-affinity site [dissociation constant (Kd) 0.2 nM] and a low-affinity site (Kd 70 nM). Atropine or tetrodotoxin (TTX) caused a similar rightward shift of the CCK-8 dose-response curve for stimulation of SO contraction. Comparison of receptor occupation to CCK-8-induced contraction suggested that CCK-8 occupation of the high-affinity binding site correlated with contraction in the absence of atropine and the low-affinity CCK binding with contraction in the presence of atropine or TTX.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Cox, K L AU - von Schrenck, T AU - Moran, T H AU - Gardner, J D AU - Jensen, R T AD - Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - G873 EP - G881 VL - 259 IS - 5 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Receptors, Cholecystokinin KW - 0 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Atropine KW - 7C0697DR9I KW - Sincalide KW - M03GIQ7Z6P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Duodenum -- physiology KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Muscle, Smooth -- physiology KW - Kinetics KW - Binding, Competitive KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Muscle Contraction -- drug effects KW - Sincalide -- metabolism KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Atropine -- pharmacology KW - Muscle, Smooth -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Receptors, Cholecystokinin -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Cholecystokinin -- physiology KW - Sphincter of Oddi -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Cholecystokinin -- drug effects KW - Sphincter of Oddi -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80121370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+cholecystokinin+receptors+on+the+sphincter+of+Oddi.&rft.au=Cox%2C+K+L%3Bvon+Schrenck%2C+T%3BMoran%2C+T+H%3BGardner%2C+J+D%3BJensen%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=259&rft.issue=5+Pt+1&rft.spage=G873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for assessment of vitamin A status. AN - 80120271; 2243288 AB - Assessment of the relative level of vitamin A nutriture in human populations when clinical signs and symptoms of deficiency or of toxicity are absent has presented methodological difficulties. Commonly used indicators include dietary intakes of the vitamin, serum levels, and dark adaptation, all of which have limitations in their precision, especially when applied to individuals and to young children. New and developing nonclinical indicators include the relative dose response (RDR) test or a modification (MRDR) of it, conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), and isotope dilution to estimate total body reserves. These methods, all of which are promising, require additional work to verify their sensitivity, specificity, and predictive power as indicators of relative states of vitamin A depletion for individuals and populations under the many varied conditions commonly associated with an inadequate vitamin status. Currently, the most reliable assessment of vitamin A nutriture is likely when a combination of methods is used. JF - The Journal of nutrition AU - Underwood, B A AD - Office of International Program Activities, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1459 EP - 1463 VL - 120 Suppl 11 SN - 0022-3166, 0022-3166 KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dark Adaptation KW - Conjunctiva -- cytology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Indicator Dilution Techniques KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Nutritional Status KW - Vitamin A -- blood KW - Vitamin A -- administration & dosage KW - Nutrition Assessment KW - Vitamin A -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80120271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.atitle=Methods+for+assessment+of+vitamin+A+status.&rft.au=Underwood%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Underwood&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=120+Suppl+11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=00223166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on the interaction of a thiol-dependent hydrogen peroxide scavenging enzyme and phenylalanine hydroxylase. AN - 80115070; 2241155 AB - Rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase is irreversibly inactivated by a H2O2-dependent process. Since H2O2 can be produced by autooxidation of the tetrahydropterin cofactor required for the hydroxylation reaction, in vitro assays are usually carried out in the presence of added catalase. On the basis of a dithiothreitol-dependent protecting assay of phenylalanine hydroxylase, carried out in the absence of catalase, we have isolated an enzyme fraction from neonatal rat livers which has similar properties to the known enzyme, glutathione peroxidase. The developmental time course for phenylalanine hydroxylase in rats has been reported to follow two different patterns. Using the dithiothreitol assay, McGee et al. (1972, Biochem. J. 127, 669-674) have found that newborn rats have low phenylalanine hydroxylase activity which increases to adult levels over several months. On the other hand, using catalase-supplemented assays, others have found that newborn rats have nearly adult levels of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity. The protective effect of glutathione peroxidase on phenylalanine hydroxylase suggests that the developmental time course found by McGee et al. may represent the slow developmental time course previously found for glutathione peroxidase. In addition, feeding rats a selenium-deficient diet, which reduces the hepatic activity of the selenium-containing glutathione peroxidase, results in a concomitant irreversible loss of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity, suggesting that glutathione peroxidase may play a vital role in protecting phenylalanine hydroxylase in vivo from peroxide inactivation. JF - Archives of biochemistry and biophysics AU - Milstien, S AU - Dorche, C AU - Kaufman, S AD - Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Nov 01 SP - 346 EP - 351 VL - 282 IS - 2 SN - 0003-9861, 0003-9861 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Glutathione Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.9 KW - Phenylalanine Hydroxylase KW - EC 1.14.16.1 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Selenium -- deficiency KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Phenylalanine Hydroxylase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- pharmacology KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- isolation & purification KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phenylalanine Hydroxylase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80115070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+interaction+of+a+thiol-dependent+hydrogen+peroxide+scavenging+enzyme+and+phenylalanine+hydroxylase.&rft.au=Milstien%2C+S%3BDorche%2C+C%3BKaufman%2C+S&rft.aulast=Milstien&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=282&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.issn=00039861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The recombinant immunotoxin anti-Tac(Fv)-Pseudomonas exotoxin 40 is cytotoxic toward peripheral blood malignant cells from patients with adult T-cell leukemia. AN - 80114631; 2236041 AB - Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 is a recombinant single-chain immunotoxin containing the heavy and light variable regions of the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody fused to a mutant form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE). Anti-Tac binds to the p55 subunit of the human interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor, and anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 kills human or monkey cell lines that contain either the intact IL-2 receptor or its p55 subunit alone. To assess the usefulness of anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 in treatment of IL-2 receptor-positive leukemia, we tested peripheral blood mononuclear cells from six patients with adult T-cell leukemia. In each of the six patients, anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 was extremely cytotoxic to the malignant cells. Metabolic activity and sensitivity of the fresh cells improved when a small amount of IL-2 (10 units per ml) was present during incubation. The toxin concentration necessary to inhibit protein synthesis by 50% after 16-hr incubation of cells with immunotoxin varied from 1.6 to 16 ng/ml (2.5-25 x 10(-11) M). In every case, binding was by means of the Tac antigen because anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 cytotoxicity was prevented by adding excess anti-Tac antibody. Moreover, anti-Tac alone or an inactive mutant of anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 without ADP-ribosylation activity had very little cytotoxic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal controls, from a patient with Tac-negative leukemia, and from adult T-cell leukemia patients without significant peripheral blood involvement were not sensitive to anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40. These results indicate that anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 is a potent cytotoxin against adult T-cell leukemia cells in vitro and warrants clinical testing. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Kreitman, R J AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - Waldmann, T AU - Willingham, M C AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 8291 EP - 8295 VL - 87 IS - 21 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region KW - Immunotoxins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Antigens, CD -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Pseudomonas KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- pathology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Leukemia, T-Cell -- blood KW - Leukemia, T-Cell -- immunology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell -- immunology KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- drug effects KW - Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80114631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=The+recombinant+immunotoxin+anti-Tac%28Fv%29-Pseudomonas+exotoxin+40+is+cytotoxic+toward+peripheral+blood+malignant+cells+from+patients+with+adult+T-cell+leukemia.&rft.au=Kreitman%2C+R+J%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BWaldmann%2C+T%3BWillingham%2C+M+C%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Kreitman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=8291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1982-6 [2467293] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 15;263(35):18650-6 [3143716] Cancer Res. 1989 Jul 15;49(14):4042-6 [2786749] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(21):8545-9 [2510169] J Biol Chem. 1990 Sep 5;265(25):15198-202 [2118522] J Immunol. 1981 Apr;126(4):1393-7 [6970774] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7415-9 [6261256] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Mar;79(6):2031-5 [6979048] N Engl J Med. 1983 Aug 4;309(5):257-64 [6602943] Blood. 1985 Jun;65(6):1416-21 [2986744] Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):129-36 [3098436] J Biol Chem. 1987 Jun 25;262(18):8707-11 [2885323] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(9):2939-43 [3283735] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 5;263(19):9470-5 [3132465] Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):394-7 [2498664] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of yttrium-90-labeled anti-Tac antibody in primate xenograft transplantation. AN - 80114369; 2238051 AB - The high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) is expressed by T cells activated in response to foreign histocompatibility antigens but not by normal resting cells. Thus, blockade of the interaction of IL-2 with its receptor could achieve selective immunosuppression. Accordingly, anti-Tac, a murine IgG2a class monoclonal antibody specific to the IL-2R, was used alone or in a chelated form with yttrium-90 (90Y), a pure beta emitter, to inhibit rejection of cardiac xenografts from Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus) donors transplanted to the cervical or abdominal region of Macaca mulatta (rhesus) recipients (n = 20). Animals received no immunosuppression (n = 3, group I, controls), unmodified anti-Tac (n = 5, 2 mg/kg q.o.d., group II), or 90Y-anti-Tac (n = 5, 16 mCi, group III). To distinguish the nonspecific immunosuppressive effect of radiation, 90Y was administered bound to UPC-10 (n = 4, 16 mCi, group IV), another murine monoclonal antibody that does not specifically recognize activated immunoresponsive cells. All immunosuppression was administered in divided doses during the first 2 weeks posttransplant. Group I animals rejected their grafts at 6.7 +/- 1 days and demonstrated a rise in soluble IL-2R levels at the time of rejection, indicating the generation of Tac-expressing and -releasing cells. Graft survival in group II was not prolonged compared with controls (mean survival 6.2 +/- 1 days; P greater than 0.05). In contrast, graft survival in animals that received the designed dosage of 90Y-anti-Tac was significantly prolonged to an average of 38.4 +/- 5 days compared with groups I and II (P less than 0.005 and P les sthan 0.0005, respectively). Prolongation of graft survival occurred in animals that received 90Y-UPC-10 (mean survival 21.3 +/- 5 days, P less than 0.05 versus group I, P less than 0.01 versus group II). However, 90Y-UPC-10 was significantly less effective in prolonging graft survival than 90Y-anti-Tac, in which one-half the per-kilogram dosage of radioactivity was delivered in specific fashion via anti-Tac (P less than 0.025). Reversible nonlethal bone marrow suppression occurred without associated nephro- or hepatotoxicity, and virtually all animals developed antibodies to the murine monoclonal. Thus, the approach used in the present study, IL-2R-directed therapy with 90Y-anti-Tac, may have potential applications in organ transplantation and in the treatment of Tac-expressing neoplastic diseases. JF - Transplantation AU - Cooper, M M AU - Robbins, R C AU - Goldman, C K AU - Mirzadeh, S AU - Brechbiel, M W AU - Stone, C D AU - Gansow, O A AU - Clark, R E AU - Waldmann, T A AD - Surgery Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 760 EP - 765 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0041-1337, 0041-1337 KW - Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic KW - 0 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - Immunotoxins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Transplantation, Heterotopic KW - Immunotherapy KW - Transplantation, Heterologous KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Graft Rejection -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic -- biosynthesis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- administration & dosage KW - Immunosuppression KW - Graft Rejection -- radiation effects KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- pharmacology KW - Heart Transplantation -- immunology KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80114369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transplantation&rft.atitle=Use+of+yttrium-90-labeled+anti-Tac+antibody+in+primate+xenograft+transplantation.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+M+M%3BRobbins%2C+R+C%3BGoldman%2C+C+K%3BMirzadeh%2C+S%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W%3BStone%2C+C+D%3BGansow%2C+O+A%3BClark%2C+R+E%3BWaldmann%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=760&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transplantation&rft.issn=00411337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Transplantation. 1991 Jul;52(1):181-2 [1858148] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A genetic study of the anesthetic response: mutants of Drosophila melanogaster altered in sensitivity to halothane. AN - 80106912; 2122464 AB - In an attempt to identify genes that control or encode the targets of general anesthetics, we have chemically mutagenized fruit flies and selected four lines that show an abnormal response to the volatile anesthetic halothane. Specifically, about 2-fold higher concentrations of halothane are required to induce the loss of motor control in the mutant flies. Fine mapping of two isolates indicates that they alter a previously uncharacterized gene of Drosophila. In the absence of anesthetics, these mutants display alterations of behavior that imply changes in the adult and the larval neuromuscular system. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Krishnan, K S AU - Nash, H A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 8632 EP - 8636 VL - 87 IS - 21 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - har KW - Halothane KW - UQT9G45D1P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - X Chromosome KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Time Factors KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Female KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Halothane -- pharmacology KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- genetics KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- drug effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80106912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=A+genetic+study+of+the+anesthetic+response%3A+mutants+of+Drosophila+melanogaster+altered+in+sensitivity+to+halothane.&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+K+S%3BNash%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=8632&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - har N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genetics. 1969 Feb;61(2):399-409 [5807804] Genetics. 1990 Feb;124(2):293-302 [2106470] Nature. 1982 Dec 9;300(5892):487-93 [6755267] Anesth Analg. 1984 Jan;63(1):35-9 [6691562] Nature. 1984 Aug 16-22;310(5978):599-601 [6462249] Anesth Analg. 1984 Oct;63(10):929-45 [6091502] Anesthesiology. 1985 Jun;62(6):738-44 [4003794] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5992-6 [3929247] J Neurogenet. 1985 Dec;2(6):365-80 [3935769] Chem Phys Lipids. 1986 Jun-Jul;40(2-4):189-205 [3017592] Science. 1987 May 22;236(4804):952-4 [3576211] Cell. 1987 Oct 23;51(2):165-73 [3117373] Biol Cybern. 1988;58(1):1-11 [3345317] Nature. 1988 Jun 16;333(6174):662-4 [2453807] Anesthesiology. 1988 Aug;69(2):246-51 [2900611] Gen Pharmacol. 1988;19(3):339-46 [3046995] J Neurochem. 1988 Nov;51(5):1386-93 [2459308] Anesthesiology. 1988 Dec;69(6):818-23 [2848424] Anesthesiology. 1989 Mar;70(3):541-4 [2564264] Anesthesiology. 1981 Apr;54(4):289-93 [6782911] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cloning of a mitogen-inducible gene encoding a kappa B DNA-binding protein with homology to the rel oncogene and to cell-cycle motifs. AN - 80098437; 2234062 AB - We have cloned and characterized a mitogen-inducible gene isolated from human T cells that predicts a protein of 968 amino acids. The amino-terminal domain has regions homologous to the oncogene rel and to the developmentally important gene dorsal of Drosophila. The carboxy-terminal domain contains repeat structures found in a variety of proteins that are involved in cell-cycle control of yeast and in tissue differentiation in Drosophila and Ceanorhabditis elegans, as well as in the putative human oncogene bcl-3 and in the ankyrin protein. A truncated form of the product of this gene translated in vitro is a DNA-binding protein which interacts specifically with the kappa B binding site found in many inducible genes, including the enhancer in human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is yet another in a growing list of important regulatory molecules whose expression is transcriptionally induced upon cellular activation. JF - Nature AU - Bours, V AU - Villalobos, J AU - Burd, P R AU - Kelly, K AU - Siebenlist, U AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Nov 01 SP - 76 EP - 80 VL - 348 IS - 6296 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - rel KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Mitogens KW - NF-kappa B KW - Phytohemagglutinins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel KW - RNA, Messenger KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Phytohemagglutinins -- pharmacology KW - NF-kappa B -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Binding Sites KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- chemistry KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80098437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Cloning+of+a+mitogen-inducible+gene+encoding+a+kappa+B+DNA-binding+protein+with+homology+to+the+rel+oncogene+and+to+cell-cycle+motifs.&rft.au=Bours%2C+V%3BVillalobos%2C+J%3BBurd%2C+P+R%3BKelly%2C+K%3BSiebenlist%2C+U&rft.aulast=Bours&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=6296&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - rel N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity and carcinogenicity of N-methylolacrylamide in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. AN - 80095638; 2231776 AB - Toxicology and carcinogenicity studies of N-methylolacrylamide were conducted by administering the chemical by gavage in water to both sexes of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice 5 times per week for 16 d, 13 wk, or 2 yr. In 16-d studies, rats receiving doses of 200 mg/kg or higher and mice receiving 400 mg/kg died. In 13-wk studies, all rats given 100 mg/kg or higher doses died. Rats receiving 50 mg/kg or higher doses developed hindlimb ataxia progressing to paralysis. In neurobehavioral assessments, decreased forelimb and hindlimb grip strength occurred in rats at doses as low as 12.5 mg/kg. Landing footspread was also increased in dosed rats compared to controls. Axon filament and myelin sheath degeneration in the spinal cord and/or peripheral nerves occurred in rats receiving doses of 25 mg/kg or higher. Necrosis in the granular cell layer of the cerebellum was seen in rats given 200 mg/kg. Mice receiving 200 mg/kg in 13-wk studies died. Decreased grip strength was noted in mice at doses as low as 25 mg/kg, and rotarod performance was also affected by N-methylolacrylamide administration, but no neuropathology was seen microscopically. Testicular weights were decreased at doses as low as 12.5 mg/kg, and hepatocellular necrosis, thymic lymphocyte necrosis, and hemorrhage, necrosis, and mineralization of the zona reticularis of the adrenal gland were seen in mice that died (200 mg/kg). In 2-yr studies, survival and weight gains in male and female rats receiving doses of 6 or 12 mg/kg/d were minimally affected. No biologically important clinical signs or neoplastic or nonneoplastic lesions were attributed to N-methylolacrylamide administration to rats, suggesting that higher doses could have been tolerated. In mice, survival was not different between dosed and control groups (0, 25, or 50 mg/kg/d). Body weights were higher by as much as 25% in dosed compared to control groups. No compound-related clinical signs were observed, but increases in neoplasms of the harderian gland, liver, and lung were clearly related to chemical administration in both sexes of mice. Benign granulosa-cell neoplasms of the ovary were also increased in dosed female mice. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Bucher, J R AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J K AU - Eustis, S L AU - Peters, A AU - Toft, J D AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 161 EP - 177 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Acrylamides KW - 0 KW - N-methylolacrylamide KW - 924-42-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ataxia -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Urinary Bladder -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Paralysis -- chemically induced KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Acrylamides -- toxicity KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80095638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+N-methylolacrylamide+in+F344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BEustis%2C+S+L%3BPeters%2C+A%3BToft%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of DNA methylation in the activation of proto-oncogenes and the induction of pulmonary neoplasia by nitrosamines. AN - 80093796; 2233792 AB - The relationships between DNA methylation and repair induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) to the activation of proto-oncogenes and the induction of pulmonary neoplasia by this carcinogen is described. The formation of the O6-methylguanine (O6MG) adduct following metabolic activation of NNK appears to be a major factor in the induction of lung tumors in both rats and mice and in the activation of the K-ras oncogene in lung tumors from A/J mouse. The potent carcinogenicity of NNK in the rat lung correlated strongly with cell specificity for formation and persistence of the O6MG adduct in the Clara cells. This conclusion was supported by studies with nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a weak carcinogen in the rodent lung. Treatment with NDMA was not associated with any pulmonary cell specificity for DNA methylation. The high affinity for activation of NNK compared to NDMA was ascribed to a difference in cytochrome P-450 isozymes involved in the activation of these two nitrosamines. In the A/J mouse, the induction of pulmonary tumorigenesis involved direct genotoxic activation of the K-ras proto-oncogene as a result of the base mispairing produced by formation of the O6MG adduct. In contrast, the induction of pulmonary tumors in the rat by NNK does not appear to involve the ras pathway. It is apparent that different molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of pulmonary tumors by NNK in the mouse and rat. The studies described in this paper illustrate the utility of performing dose-response experiments and the quantitation of DNA methylation and repair in not only target tissues but also target cell types. The fundamental knowledge gained from unraveling the mechanism of carcinogenesis by NNK could lead ultimately to the identification of factors important in the development of human lung cancer. JF - Mutation research AU - Belinsky, S A AU - Devereux, T R AU - Anderson, M W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 105 EP - 116 VL - 233 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Nitrosamines KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone KW - 7S395EDO61 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - O-(6)-methylguanine KW - 9B710FV2AE KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Biotransformation KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methylation KW - Guanine -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Nitrosamines -- pharmacology KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Nitrosamines -- metabolism KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Proto-Oncogenes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80093796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Role+of+DNA+methylation+in+the+activation+of+proto-oncogenes+and+the+induction+of+pulmonary+neoplasia+by+nitrosamines.&rft.au=Belinsky%2C+S+A%3BDevereux%2C+T+R%3BAnderson%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Belinsky&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus among intravenous drug users. AN - 80089948; 2230228 AB - To examine sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among heterosexual intravenous drug users (IVDUs), HIV antibody status of IVDUs with intravenous drug-using sexual partners (IVSPs) was compared with that of IVDUs with no IVSPs. Initial bivariate analyses indicated IVDUs with IVSPs were more likely to be HIV antibody-positive than those with no IVSPs. Analyses by gender indicated that this relationship held for men but not women. IVDUs with IVSPs also differed from those without IVSPs demographically, in drug use, and in other sexual behaviors. When effects of other variables were controlled, no statistically significant relationship was found between injection history of sex partners and HIV status for the total sample or separately for men or women. JF - The Journal of infectious diseases AU - Battjes, R J AU - Pickens, R W AU - Amsel, Z AU - Brown, L S AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1007 EP - 1011 VL - 162 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - HIV Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Needles KW - Regression Analysis KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - HIV Antibodies -- analysis KW - African Americans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Sexual Behavior KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - HIV Infections -- complications KW - Health Behavior KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - Sexual Partners UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=Heterosexual+transmission+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+among+intravenous+drug+users.&rft.au=Battjes%2C+R+J%3BPickens%2C+R+W%3BAmsel%2C+Z%3BBrown%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Battjes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in photo-aged human skin following topical application of all-trans retinoic acid. AN - 80089762; 1700022 AB - Although topical applications of retinoids on rodents and humans have been shown to cause epidermal hyperplasia, a detailed study of the influence of retinoids on epidermal differentiation in vivo has not been performed. In order to assess the pharmacologic effects of chronic topical tretinoin application used to improve the appearance of patients with photoaged skin, cutaneous biopsies from 25 patients in a controlled clinical study were examined histologically and immunocytochemically. Chronic application of tretinoin causes epidermal thickening (25 of 25 samples), stratum granulosum thickening (15 of 25), parakeratosis (13 of 25), a marked increase in the number of cell layers expressing epidermal transglutaminase (13 of 25), and focal expression of two keratins, K6 (12 of 25) and K13 (8 of 25), not normally expressed in the epidermis. The morphologic changes correlated with immunohistochemical abnormalities; neither of these correlated with the subjective cosmetic response. Three major epidermal differentiation products, keratins K1, K10, and K14 were not altered, within the limits of the methods used. Thus, chronic topical tretinoin reprograms some, but not all, aspects of human epidermal differentiation in vivo. JF - The Journal of investigative dermatology AU - Rosenthal, D S AU - Roop, D R AU - Huff, C A AU - Weiss, J S AU - Ellis, C N AU - Hamilton, T AU - Voorhees, J J AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 510 EP - 515 VL - 95 IS - 5 SN - 0022-202X, 0022-202X KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Transglutaminases KW - EC 2.3.2.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Keratins -- metabolism KW - Transglutaminases -- metabolism KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Light KW - Biopsy KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Administration, Topical KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Tretinoin -- administration & dosage KW - Skin Aging -- radiation effects KW - Skin Aging -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+investigative+dermatology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+photo-aged+human+skin+following+topical+application+of+all-trans+retinoic+acid.&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+D+S%3BRoop%2C+D+R%3BHuff%2C+C+A%3BWeiss%2C+J+S%3BEllis%2C+C+N%3BHamilton%2C+T%3BVoorhees%2C+J+J%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+investigative+dermatology&rft.issn=0022202X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dideoxycytidine alone and in an alternating schedule with zidovudine in children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. AN - 80089037; 2172501 AB - To determine whether a short course of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) could provide safe antiretroviral activity in children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and whether it could be used with azidothymidine (AZT, zidovudine). The goal was to maintain uninterrupted antiretroviral therapy while sparing AZT-related myelosuppression and ddC-related neuropathy. In a pilot study, we evaluated four dosage levels of ddC--0.015, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04 mg/kg, given orally every 6 hours--in 15 children between 6 months and 13 years of age with Centers for Disease Control P2 (i.e., symptomatic) human immunodeficiency virus infection. Thirteen patients had not had any prior antiretroviral therapy; two patients had received and benefited from AZT, but dose-limiting neutropenia had developed. At each dosage level, ddC was given for 8 consecutive weeks and then stopped. After a 30-day rest, a schedule of ddC for 1 week was followed by 3 weeks of AZT therapy (180 mg/m2 every 6 hours); this alternating schedule was repeated for as long as tolerated. Age-appropriate psychometric testing was performed before the start of ddC therapy and after 8 weeks. During the 8 weeks of therapy with ddC alone, no neutropenia or anemia was observed; 6 of 9 patients had decreases in p24 antigen levels, and 8 of 15 had an increased CD4 cell count. At the 0.04 mg/kg level, a rash developed in three patients; mild mouth sores developed in 9 of 15 patients. On the alternating ddC/AZT schedule, no neuropathy was observed. 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine has antiretroviral activity in some children and appears to be safe for short intervals. Longer courses of ddC at lower dosage levels, and schedules integrating ddC into combination regimens, deserve to be explored. JF - The Journal of pediatrics AU - Pizzo, P A AU - Butler, K AU - Balis, F AU - Brouwers, E AU - Hawkins, M AU - Eddy, J AU - Einloth, M AU - Falloon, J AU - Husson, R AU - Jarosinski, P AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 799 EP - 808 VL - 117 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3476, 0022-3476 KW - Antigens, CD KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Administration, Oral KW - Antigens, CD -- analysis KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Infant KW - Antigens, CD4 -- analysis KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Zalcitabine -- administration & dosage KW - Zidovudine -- adverse effects KW - Zalcitabine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage KW - Zalcitabine -- adverse effects KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pediatrics&rft.atitle=Dideoxycytidine+alone+and+in+an+alternating+schedule+with+zidovudine+in+children+with+symptomatic+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.&rft.au=Pizzo%2C+P+A%3BButler%2C+K%3BBalis%2C+F%3BBrouwers%2C+E%3BHawkins%2C+M%3BEddy%2C+J%3BEinloth%2C+M%3BFalloon%2C+J%3BHusson%2C+R%3BJarosinski%2C+P&rft.aulast=Pizzo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pediatrics&rft.issn=00223476&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrimination learning alters the distribution of protein kinase C in the hippocampus of rats. AN - 80088013; 2230955 AB - Protein kinase C (PKC), an enzyme that plays an essential role in eukaryotic cell regulation (Nishizuka, 1988; Huang et al., 1989), is critical to memory storage processes both in the marine snail Hermissenda crassicornis and in the rabbit (Alkon et al., 1988; Bank et al., 1988; Olds et al., 1989). Specifically, activation of PKC mimics neurobiological correlates of classical conditioning in both Hermissenda and the rabbit, and the distribution of the enzyme within the rabbit hippocampus changes after Pavlovian conditioning. Here, we report that the amount of PKC, as assayed by specific binding of 3H-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (3H-PDBU), decreased significantly within the hippocampal CA3 cell region in rats trained to solve a water maze task either by cognitive mapping or by visual discrimination strategies, but not in control rats. Furthermore, hippocampal lesions interfered with acquisition of both of these tasks. We interpret these findings to support the conclusion that distributional changes of PKC within the mammalian hippocampus play a crucial role in memory storage processes. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Olds, J L AU - Golski, S AU - McPhie, D L AU - Olton, D AU - Mishkin, M AU - Alkon, D L AD - Section on Neural Systems, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 3707 EP - 3713 VL - 10 IS - 11 SN - 0270-6474, 0270-6474 KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Swimming KW - Reference Values KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- metabolism KW - Space Perception KW - Organ Specificity KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Brain -- physiology KW - Male KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Discrimination Learning KW - Hippocampus -- physiology KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80088013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Discrimination+learning+alters+the+distribution+of+protein+kinase+C+in+the+hippocampus+of+rats.&rft.au=Olds%2C+J+L%3BGolski%2C+S%3BMcPhie%2C+D+L%3BOlton%2C+D%3BMishkin%2C+M%3BAlkon%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Olds&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=02706474&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the estrogen receptor in uterine epithelial proliferation and cytodifferentiation in neonatal mice. AN - 80081901; 1699749 AB - We have examined the relationship between localization of estrogen receptor (ER) and selected cell responses induced by estrogen in the neonatal CD-1 mouse uterus. The following simultaneous staining techniques were used to determine whether only uterine epithelial cells with ER are capable of showing proliferative and secretory activities after estrogen treatment: 1) ER localization and [3H]thymidine incorporation using immunohistochemistry and autoradiography; and 2) immunohistochemical double staining of ER and an estrogen-induced secretory protein lactoferrin (LF). Uterine tissues from two strains (CD-1 and BALB/c) mice on day 4 of age showed detectable ER by immunostaining in both epithelial and stromal cells. Day 4 CD-1 mice received a single injection of diethylstilbestrol (DES; 20 micrograms/kg BW). The percentage of ER-immunostained uterine epithelial cells and the intensity of the staining rapidly increased from 6-36 h, indicating that estrogen stimulates the expression and detectability of ER during the course of hormone treatment. Twenty-eight and 81% of epithelial cells showed positive ER immunostaining 6 and 24 h, respectively, after the DES treatment. The intensity of ER-immunostained stromal cells, however, was slightly decreased by the treatment. DES administration elicited epithelial cell proliferation. Labeling indices of epithelial cells reached a maximum (approximately 44%) 12 h after an injection of DES, and a second small peak was recognized 24 h after the treatment. Labeling indices of positively ER-immunostained epithelial cells and those of negatively stained epithelial cells showed almost the same pattern for 6-18 h after treatment. The respective maximum values were 45% and 43%. When day 4 mice were given three daily injections of DES in saline and killed 12 and 24 h after the last injection, significant amounts of LF were recognized in the apical cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. The epithelial cells that showed LF immunostaining always exhibited ER immunostaining in the nuclei. These results suggest that exogenous estrogen elicits increased expression of ER, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation in neonatal uterine epithelial cells associated with low levels of ER, while there was a direct relationship with the presence of ER in epithelial cells and the induction of LF. JF - Endocrinology AU - Yamashita, S AU - Newbold, R R AU - McLachlan, J A AU - Korach, K S AD - Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 2456 EP - 2463 VL - 127 IS - 5 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - 0 KW - Diethylstilbestrol KW - 731DCA35BT KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Mice KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Diethylstilbestrol -- pharmacology KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Staining and Labeling KW - Female KW - Cell Division KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Uterus -- cytology KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80081901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+estrogen+receptor+in+uterine+epithelial+proliferation+and+cytodifferentiation+in+neonatal+mice.&rft.au=Yamashita%2C+S%3BNewbold%2C+R+R%3BMcLachlan%2C+J+A%3BKorach%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Yamashita&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Localization of the vicinal dithiols involved in steroid binding to the rat glucocorticoid receptor. AN - 80080646; 2226332 AB - Our previous studies with the thiol-specific reagent methyl methanethiolsulfonate (MMTS) and the vicinal dithiol-specific reagent sodium arsenite have established that 2 spatially close thiols (i.e. vicinal dithiols) are involved in steroid binding to the intact 98 K rat glucocorticoid receptor. These 2 thiols form an intramolecular disulfide after treatment with low concentrations of MMTS. One of these thiols was proposed to by Cys-656. In an effort to identify both thiols, we have examined the effects of MMTS and arsenite on proteolytic fragments of the receptor, which contain progressively fewer cysteines. MMTS and arsenite are now found to cause the same dithiothreitol-reversible inhibition of steroid binding and affinity labeling of both the 42 K chymotrypsin fragment and the 16 K steroid-binding core fragment of the receptor as was seen for the intact receptor. Characteristic responses include a bimodal inhibition curve for steroid binding after preincubation with MMTS and an inhibition of binding by very low concentrations of arsenite. Low concentrations of MMTS could block steroid binding by forming a disulfide bond between the receptor and a tightly associated, nonreceptor protein. However, no evidence for such cross-linking was observed when intact 98 K receptors, 42 K chymotrypsin fragments, or 16 K trypsin fragments were treated with various concentrations of MMTS, separated on nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, and visualized by Western blotting with antiheat shock protein 90 or antireceptor antibodies. One of the antireceptor antibodies (aP1) that had been raised against the rat receptor sequence 440-795 was now found to recognize at least 1 epitope in the 16 K core fragment. We conclude that the vicinal dithiols involved in steroid binding are 2 of the 3 cysteines in the sequence of Thr537-Arg673. JF - Endocrinology AU - Chakraborti, P K AU - Hoeck, W AU - Groner, B AU - Simons, S S AD - Steroid Hormones Section, NIDDK/LAC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 2530 EP - 2539 VL - 127 IS - 5 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Arsenites KW - Disulfides KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Steroids KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - methyl methanethiosulfonate KW - 2949-92-0 KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate KW - AT5C31J09G KW - Chymotrypsin KW - EC 3.4.21.1 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Chymotrypsin -- metabolism KW - Peptide Fragments -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Chemistry KW - Arsenic -- pharmacology KW - Peptide Fragments -- immunology KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Chymotrypsin -- chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- chemistry KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Steroids -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80080646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Localization+of+the+vicinal+dithiols+involved+in+steroid+binding+to+the+rat+glucocorticoid+receptor.&rft.au=Chakraborti%2C+P+K%3BHoeck%2C+W%3BGroner%2C+B%3BSimons%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Chakraborti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of Leydig cells and endogenous inhibin in regulating pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in the adult male rat. AN - 80079988; 2171918 AB - The purpose of the present study was to determine the parameters of pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in the adult male rat that are regulated by the suppressive feedback influences provided by factors originating in the Leydig cells or by endogenous inhibin, or both. This was achieved by examining the changes in the secretion parameters of FSH and LH that result from selectively destroying the Leydig cells using the toxicant ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS) or passively immunoneutralizing endogenous inhibin using high-titer anti alpha-inhibin subunit serum, or both. Both FSH and LH were secreted in a pulsatile manner in intact male rats as determined using two different pulse-detection methods. Destruction of the Leydig cells with EDS 6 days before sampling significantly increased basal FSH secretion without affecting pulsatile FSH secretion. Injection of anti-inhibin serum into intact (vehicle treated) males 18 h before sampling produced no observable alteration in any parameter of FSH secretion. Either administration of anti-inhibin serum or castration of rats previously treated with EDS induced further significant, selective increases in the basal parameters of FSH secretion, raising mean FSH to levels comparable to those observed in 6-day castrate rats. When examined individually, however, the parameters of mean trough and peak FSH level and mean pulse amplitude remained significantly higher in the 6-day castrate males. In sharp contrast to the selective effects on basal FSH, destruction of the Leydig cells with EDS dramatically elevated all parameters of LH secretion to levels comparable to those observed in similarly timed castrate rats. Neither immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin nor castration of EDS-treated rats 18 h before sampling caused any further alteration in any parameter of LH secretion. The results from these studies demonstrate that the Leydig cell provides all of the suppressive influence of the testes on LH secretion and a major portion of the suppressive influence over FSH secretion. This influence is exerted through a suppression of all parameters of LH secretion, but through a selective suppression of basal FSH secretion parameters. Collectively, the results suggest that the Leydig cell-derived influences suppress those parameters of gonadotropin secretion that are mediated by LHRH, acting, at least in part, through a suppression of pituitary sensitivity to LHRH. In the absence of the Leydig cells, endogenous inhibin can be demonstrated to also suppress basal FSH secretion in the adult male rat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Endocrinology AU - Culler, M D AD - Reproductive Neuroendocrinology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 2540 EP - 2550 VL - 127 IS - 5 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Mesylates KW - 0 KW - Inhibins KW - 57285-09-3 KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Mesylates -- pharmacology KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- secretion KW - Leydig Cells -- physiology KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- secretion KW - Inhibins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80079988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Role+of+Leydig+cells+and+endogenous+inhibin+in+regulating+pulsatile+gonadotropin+secretion+in+the+adult+male+rat.&rft.au=Culler%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Culler&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo changes of catecholamines in hemiparkinsonian monkeys measured by microdialysis. AN - 80079744; 1699780 AB - In monkeys, unilateral intracarotid infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces a useful model of hemiparkinsonism. To evaluate MPTP-induced neurochemical changes in vivo, brain microdialysis was employed to measure extracellular levels of dopamine and its metabolites in the neostriatum of normal and hemiparkinsonian rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). The microdialysis probes were implanted bilaterally into the caudate nucleus and putamen at coordinates determined from magnetic resonance imaging. Dopamine and its metabolites were depleted in the MPTP-lesioned side versus the unlesioned side in hemiparkinsonian monkeys. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry revealed a complete unilateral denervation in the caudate nucleus and putamen and a total loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta in those monkeys. Baseline levels of amines in the neostriatum in normal monkeys were not significantly different from those in the normal (non-MPTP-treated) side in hemiparkinsonian monkeys. These data demonstrate that brain microdialysis is a valuable tool for measuring in vivo neurochemical changes in nonhuman primate brains. JF - Experimental neurology AU - Skirboll, S AU - Wang, J AU - Mefford, I AU - Hsiao, J AU - Bankiewicz, K S AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 187 EP - 193 VL - 110 IS - 2 SN - 0014-4886, 0014-4886 KW - Catecholamines KW - 0 KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid KW - 102-32-9 KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - 3-methoxytyramine KW - JCH2767EDP KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dopamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Animals KW - Dialysis KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Homovanillic Acid -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- metabolism KW - Caudate Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Catecholamines -- metabolism KW - Putamen -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80079744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+neurology&rft.atitle=In+vivo+changes+of+catecholamines+in+hemiparkinsonian+monkeys+measured+by+microdialysis.&rft.au=Skirboll%2C+S%3BWang%2C+J%3BMefford%2C+I%3BHsiao%2C+J%3BBankiewicz%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Skirboll&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+neurology&rft.issn=00144886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of human chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. AN - 80077572; 2226652 AB - The cDNAs coding for human chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 were cloned into yeast expression vector pBM150, under the control of the Gal10 promoter. Northern analysis of transformed yeast cells revealed that both cDNAs were efficiently transcribed. Western analysis indicated that the mRNAs were translated into authentic proteins. Expression of human HMG proteins in yeast cell did not produce detectable phenotypic changes, as measured by the growth rate of the yeast cells under a variety of conditions. The antibiotic resistance of the transfected cells was similar to that of control cells, suggesting that the presence of HMG did not affect the expression of actively transcribed genes. However, examination of the protein profile on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed differences between control and HMG-transfected cells. JF - Experimental cell research AU - Srikantha, T AU - Dhar, R AU - Bustin, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 71 EP - 75 VL - 191 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4827, 0014-4827 KW - Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Blotting, Western KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Humans KW - Transfection -- genetics KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Plasmids KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone -- genetics KW - Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone -- biosynthesis KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- growth & development KW - Gene Expression UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80077572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+cell+research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+human+chromosomal+proteins+HMG-14+and+HMG-17+in+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae.&rft.au=Srikantha%2C+T%3BDhar%2C+R%3BBustin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Srikantha&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+cell+research&rft.issn=00144827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maitotoxin induces phosphoinositide turnover and modulates glutamatergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptor function in cultured cerebellar neurons. AN - 80042744; 1976755 AB - Maitotoxin (MTX) stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) formation in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells. MTX-induced IP production was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ but independent of extracellular Na+. The stimulation of IP formation elicited by MTX was unaffected by pretreatment of cells with phorbol dibutyrate, pertussis toxin, and a variety of Ca2+ entry blockers, such as nimodipine, nisoldipine, Co2+, and Mn2+. The presence of MTX markedly attenuated IP production induced by carbachol and glutamate, with no apparent effect on the responses to norepinephrine (NE), histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and endothelin-1. The inhibition of the carbachol- and glutamate-induced responses by MTX was dose dependent with IC50 values of 1.2 and 0.5 ng/ml, respectively. Pretreatment of cells with a lower concentration of MTX (0.3 ng/ml) also attenuated carbachol- and glutamate-induced IP formation, in a time-dependent manner, with a decrease observed after 30 min prestimulation, but failed to affect NE-, histamine-, 5-HT-, endothelin-1, and sarafotoxin S6b-induced responses. Thus, MTX elicited a marked Ca2(+)-dependent phosphoinositide (PI) turnover in cerebellar granule cells and selectively inhibited carbachol- and glutamate-induced PI hydrolysis. Possible mechanisms underlying these selective modulations are discussed. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Lin, W W AU - Lee, C Y AU - Yasumoto, T AU - Chuang, D M AD - Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 1563 EP - 1568 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Glutamates KW - 0 KW - Marine Toxins KW - Oxocins KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Receptors, Glutamate KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Glutamates -- metabolism KW - Hydrolysis KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology KW - Marine Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80042744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Maitotoxin+induces+phosphoinositide+turnover+and+modulates+glutamatergic+and+muscarinic+cholinergic+receptor+function+in+cultured+cerebellar+neurons.&rft.au=Lin%2C+W+W%3BLee%2C+C+Y%3BYasumoto%2C+T%3BChuang%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A bovine papillomavirus constitutive enhancer is negatively regulated by the E2 repressor through competitive binding for a cellular factor. AN - 80038559; 2170679 AB - The bovine papillomavirus type 1 long control region (LCR) contains DNA sequence elements involved in the regulation of viral transcription and replication. Differences in the levels of transcription have previously been noted between bovine papillomavirus type 1-infected rodent cell lines and bovine cells. To investigate these differences, fragments of the LCR were cloned into an enhancer-deleted chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression vector and assayed for enhancer activity. A strong constitutive enhancer was found in the 5' portion of the LCR that was most active in primary bovine fibroblasts and had little activity in other cell types. Deletion mapping localized most of the activity to a 113-bp fragment from nucleotides (nt) 7162 to 7275, a region of the viral sequence that also contains the P7185 promoter and an E2-binding site at nt 7203. The enhancer activity of this element could be positively modulated by the full-length E2 transactivator or negatively modulated by the E2 repressor. Site-directed mutagenesis defined two cis elements, CE1 and CE2, which were both necessary for enhancer activity. The CE1 element was required for P7185 activity, whereas the CE2 element was dispensable for P7185 activity. The CE1 and CE2 elements both overlap the E2-binding site at nt 7203. In vitro DNA-binding studies revealed (i) a specific gel retardation complex associated with cellular factor binding at the CE1 element, (ii) a correlation between enhancer activity and the binding of factors to the CE1 element, and (iii) competitive binding between the E2 repressor and the cellular factor at the CE1 element. JF - Journal of virology AU - Vande Pol, S B AU - Howley, P M AD - Laboratory of Tumor Virus Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11// PY - 1990 DA - November 1990 SP - 5420 EP - 5429 VL - 64 IS - 11 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - E2 protein, Bovine papillomavirus KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Repressor Proteins KW - Trans-Activators KW - Viral Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Protein Binding KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Cattle KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Species Specificity KW - DNA, Viral -- metabolism KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic KW - Repressor Proteins -- metabolism KW - Viral Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Bovine papillomavirus 1 -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80038559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=A+bovine+papillomavirus+constitutive+enhancer+is+negatively+regulated+by+the+E2+repressor+through+competitive+binding+for+a+cellular+factor.&rft.au=Vande+Pol%2C+S+B%3BHowley%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Vande+Pol&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=5420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virology. 1980 Jun;103(2):369-75 [6247821] Genes Dev. 1989 Dec;3(12A):1860-73 [2620826] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):2727-31 [6265905] Virology. 1982 May;119(1):22-34 [6280384] J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):59-66 [6180175] Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 [6960240] Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475-89 [6828386] Nature. 1983 May 5-11;303(5912):77-80 [6302515] Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Jun;3(6):1108-22 [6308425] J Virol. 1983 Sep;47(3):516-28 [6137574] Am J Pathol. 1983 Dec;113(3):414-21 [6316792] Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):391-401 [6319020] EMBO J. 1984 May;3(5):1151-7 [6329740] J Invest Dermatol. 1984 Jul;83(1 Suppl):26s-28s [6330218] J Mol Biol. 1985 Apr 20;182(4):541-54 [2989533] Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):183-91 [2990724] J Gen Virol. 1985 Jul;66 ( Pt 7):1515-22 [2991428] Nature. 1985 Dec 12-18;318(6046):575-7 [2999614] Science. 1986 May 2;232(4750):613-8 [3457470] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(11):3609-13 [3012521] Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456-67 [4705382] Nature. 1987 Jan 1-7;325(6099):70-3 [3025749] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1215-8 [3029771] Cancer. 1987 May 15;59(10):1692-6 [3030526] EMBO J. 1987 Jan;6(1):145-52 [3034572] J Virol. 1987 Jul;61(7):2128-37 [3035214] J Virol. 1987 Jul;61(7):2240-4 [2884331] Cell. 1987 Jul 3;50(1):69-78 [3036366] EMBO J. 1987 Apr;6(4):1027-35 [3036488] Science. 1987 Jun 26;236(4809):1666-71 [3037693] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 11;15(21):8607-20 [2825116] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 23;15(24):10267-84 [2827118] EMBO J. 1987 Nov;6(11):3391-7 [2828029] EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):533-9 [2835232] J Virol. 1988 Jun;62(6):1925-31 [2835497] J Virol. 1988 Aug;62(8):2994-3002 [2839716] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3143-50 [2841467] Cell. 1988 Sep 23;54(7):931-42 [2843293] Cell. 1988 Sep 23;54(7):943-53 [2843294] J Virol. 1988 Nov;62(11):4321-30 [2845145] EMBO J. 1988 Sep;7(9):2815-22 [2846284] Genes Dev. 1988 Jul;2(7):863-73 [3209071] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):510-4 [2536165] J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1743-55 [2538655] Annu Rev Genet. 1988;22:235-58 [2853608] Anal Biochem. 1988 Nov 15;175(1):5-13 [3072883] Genes Dev. 1989 Apr;3(4):510-26 [2542129] Genes Dev. 1990 Jan;4(1):123-36 [2155158] J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2849-59 [2159546] J Virol. 1989 Jul;63(7):2967-76 [2542607] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 25;17(8):2959-72 [2542891] Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1189-200 [2736626] J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4317-24 [2476572] Cell. 1989 Dec 1;59(5):815-25 [2556218] Nature. 1980 Sep 4;287(5777):72-4 [6251381] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Action of gossypol and rhodamine 123 on wild type and multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: 31P nuclear magnetic resonance and toxicity studies. AN - 80016685; 2208159 AB - The action of gossypol, a polyphenolic bisnaphthalene aldehyde, on a number of drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cell lines, in particular MCF-7 WT and MCF-7 ADR cells, was studied and compared to the effects of rhodamine 123. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of cells exposed to low concentrations of gossypol exhibited decreased levels of ATP, markedly increased levels of pyridine nucleotides, and decreased levels of glycerylphosphocholine. The latter effect may be related to the membrane viscosity-increasing effect of gossypol, whereas changes in the levels of pyridine nucleotides are probably due to an interference with NAD- and NADP-dependent enzymes. The effect of gossypol represents a rare example of selective and differentiated changes observed in 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of cells following exposure to a drug; the effect was markedly different from that of rhodamine 123, which caused ATP depletion but no changes in the levels of glycerylphosphocholine or pyridine nucleotides. Also, the effects of gossypol and rhodamine 123 on glucose metabolism in the MCF-7 WT cells were different. Thus although both drugs caused a marked elevation of glucose uptake, an increase in lactate production exceeding that of glucose consumption, indicating an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, was observed only in the case of rhodamine 123. Significantly, multidrug-resistant cells exhibited strong cross-resistance to rhodamine but practically no resistance to gossypol, which emphasizes the attractiveness of the latter as a potential anticancer drug. The resistance to rhodamine 123 and sensitivity to gossypol was also observed with cells transfected with the MDR1 gene, showing that the difference in toxicity is mainly due to the different response to the P-170 drug efflux pump. JF - Cancer research AU - Jaroszewski, J W AU - Kaplan, O AU - Cohen, J S AD - Biophysical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/11/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Nov 01 SP - 6936 EP - 6943 VL - 50 IS - 21 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Lactates KW - 0 KW - Rhodamines KW - Rhodamine 123 KW - 1N3CZ14C5O KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Gossypol KW - KAV15B369O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lactates -- metabolism KW - Cricetulus KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Female KW - Cricetinae KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Rhodamines -- pharmacology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Gossypol -- toxicity KW - Rhodamines -- toxicity KW - Breast Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Gossypol -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80016685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Action+of+gossypol+and+rhodamine+123+on+wild+type+and+multidrug-resistant+MCF-7+human+breast+cancer+cells%3A+31P+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+and+toxicity+studies.&rft.au=Jaroszewski%2C+J+W%3BKaplan%2C+O%3BCohen%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Jaroszewski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6936&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inducibility of the HS II enhancer depends on binding of an erythroid specific nuclear protein. AN - 80101627; 2235483 AB - An erythroid specific, inducible enhancer associated with hypersensitive site II (HS II) plays a central role in the function of the human beta globin dominant control region. The HS II enhancer consists of tandem AP-1 binding sites and has been shown to bind members of the ubiquitous jun and fos families of proteins. The same sites are now shown to bind the erythroid specific protein, NF-E2. Inducibility of the HS II enhancer depends on NF-E2 binding, even in the presence of another hypersensitive site. Further, increased activity of the enhancer in induced K562 cells correlates with the presence of NF-E2, which appears to be present in a modified form. NF-E2 is distinct from some enhancer binding proteins in K562 nuclear extracts, in that it does not contain Fos or Fra-1 protein. Thus, binding by NF-E2 may be the mechanism, whereby tandem AP-1 binding sites confer erythroid specificity on the HS II enhancer. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Ney, P A AU - Sorrentino, B P AU - Lowrey, C H AU - Nienhuis, A W AD - Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 25 SP - 6011 EP - 6017 VL - 18 IS - 20 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors KW - NF-E2 Transcription Factor KW - NF-E2 Transcription Factor, p45 Subunit KW - NFE2 protein, human KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Transcription Factors KW - Globins KW - 9004-22-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Base Sequence KW - Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute KW - Transfection KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Plasmids KW - Cell Line KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic KW - Globins -- genetics KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Globins -- biosynthesis KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80101627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Inducibility+of+the+HS+II+enhancer+depends+on+binding+of+an+erythroid+specific+nuclear+protein.&rft.au=Kreitman%2C+R+J%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BWaldmann%2C+T%3BWillingham%2C+M+C%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Kreitman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=8291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7082-6 [2780563] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Dec;8(12):5310-22 [2468996] EMBO J. 1990 Jan;9(1):233-40 [2295312] Nature. 1990 Mar 22;344(6264):309-13 [2314472] Genes Dev. 1989 Mar;3(3):314-23 [2721958] Nature. 1989 Jun 8;339(6224):446-51 [2725678] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 May 25;17(10):3811-27 [2734104] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(14):5439-43 [2748594] EMBO J. 1989 May;8(5):1433-9 [2504580] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6548-52 [2771941] Nature. 1990 Mar 29;344(6265):447-9 [2320113] Genes Dev. 1990 Mar;4(3):380-9 [1692558] Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 May 11;18(9):2721-31 [2339058] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;10(6):2774-86 [2160585] Genes Dev. 1990 Jun;4(6):993-1006 [2116990] Annu Rev Biochem. 1978;47:419-48 [354501] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):348-52 [6264439] Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505-25 [6275366] Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475-89 [6828386] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Sep;80(18):5515-9 [6310580] Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):889-901 [6540146] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jan;5(1):167-72 [3885008] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4312-6 [3459175] Nature. 1986 Oct 23-29;323(6090):731-4 [3022151] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Feb;7(2):725-37 [3821727] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):398-402 [3561396] J Clin Invest. 1987 Aug;80(2):374-80 [3611352] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jul 24;15(14):5739-47 [3039464] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7056-60 [3478680] Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):975-85 [3690667] EMBO J. 1987 Oct;6(10):2997-3004 [3691478] Genes Dev. 1987 Nov;1(9):954-61 [2828176] EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):377-84 [2835225] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 May 25;16(10):4299-313 [2837728] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2063-9 [3133553] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(17):6267-71 [3166139] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Aug 25;16(16):7783-97 [2458563] Cell. 1988 Oct 7;55(1):17-26 [3167976] Genes Dev. 1988 Sep;2(9):1089-100 [2461328] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 11;17(1):37-54 [2911469] Nature. 1989 Mar 23;338(6213):352-5 [2922063] Genes Dev. 1988 Dec;2(12B):1687-99 [2467839] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2554-8 [2704733] EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4203-12 [3243278] Cell. 1989 Dec 22;59(6):979-86 [2513128] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - T cell antigen receptor engagement stimulates c-raf phosphorylation and induces c-raf-associated kinase activity via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway. AN - 80031503; 2170413 AB - The c-raf kinase has been shown to be activated following stimulation of several tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors. We examined changes in c-raf following engagement of the T cell receptor for antigen (TCR), a stimulus which activates both a non-receptor tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C (PKC). We found that activation of the T-cell receptor on the T cell hybridoma 2B4 causes a rapid and stoichiometric hyperphosphorylation of c-raf and an increase in c-raf-associated kinase activity. Phosphoamino acid analysis showed that the phosphorylation was entirely on serine residues. High-resolution phosphopeptide mapping showed the appearance of a single major new phosphopeptide with TCR stimulation. That phosphopeptide was shown to comigrate with the major new phosphopeptide induced in response to phorbol ester. When cells were depleted of PKC by pretreatment with high concentrations of phorbol ester, TCR stimulation was no longer capable of inducing c-raf-associated kinase activity. To determine whether activation of the tyrosine kinase alone would activate c-raf, we examined the 2B4 variant cell line FL.8. In response to Thy-1 stimulation, these cells activate the tyrosine kinase but not protein kinase C due to a deficiency in TCR eta chain expression. We found that in contrast to Thy-1 stimulation of 2B4 cells, stimulation of FL.8 cells does not lead to the induction of c-raf-associated kinase activity, although phorbol ester activates the kinase to an equivalent degree in both cells. We conclude that T cell receptor activation of c-raf occurs via phosphorylation by the serine/threonine kinase PKC. Activation of c-raf through PKC represents a mechanism distinct from that reported for tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Siegel, J N AU - Klausner, R D AU - Rapp, U R AU - Samelson, L E AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/10/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 25 SP - 18472 EP - 18480 VL - 265 IS - 30 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Phosphoserine KW - 17885-08-4 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Protamine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Hybridomas KW - Peptide Mapping KW - Protamine Kinase -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Mice KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Phosphorylation KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Signal Transduction KW - Cell Line KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Phosphoserine -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80031503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=T+cell+antigen+receptor+engagement+stimulates+c-raf+phosphorylation+and+induces+c-raf-associated+kinase+activity+via+a+protein+kinase+C-dependent+pathway.&rft.au=Siegel%2C+J+N%3BKlausner%2C+R+D%3BRapp%2C+U+R%3BSamelson%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Siegel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=18472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A far upstream element stimulates c-myc expression in undifferentiated leukemia cells. AN - 80031337; 2211718 AB - A sensitive exonuclease assay revealed multiple sites for interaction, in vitro, of sequence specific factors with c-myc upstream elements. At one site, more than 1500 base pairs upstream of the c-myc promoter P1, binding activity was lost as dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) induced shut-off of c-myc expression in HL-60 and U-937 leukemia cells. The disappearance of other specific binding activities was not noted. In addition, the binding activity was noted to be cell-line specific. The sequence binding the Me2SO-regulated factor was precisely located allowing confirmation of the temporal pattern of regulation by electrophoretic mobility shift analysis. Because the binding activity was most abundant before the decrease of c-myc expression during differentiation, it was inferred that the far upstream element (FUSE) served a positive role, potentiating c-myc expression. A 4-base pair deletion which eliminated binding to FUSE also reduced expression of a transfected, chimeric c-myc-CAT gene in untreated, but not in Me2SO-treated U-937 cells. FUSE and its binding protein may contribute to cell line- and differentiation-specific modes of c-myc regulation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Avigan, M I AU - Strober, B AU - Levens, D AD - Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 25 SP - 18538 EP - 18545 VL - 265 IS - 30 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- pharmacology KW - Base Sequence KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- genetics KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- pathology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc -- genetics KW - Cell Differentiation KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Proto-Oncogenes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80031337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+far+upstream+element+stimulates+c-myc+expression+in+undifferentiated+leukemia+cells.&rft.au=Avigan%2C+M+I%3BStrober%2C+B%3BLevens%2C+D&rft.aulast=Avigan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=18538&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unexplained excess risk of bladder cancer in men. AN - 80044301; 2213906 AB - In nearly all populations studied, the risk of bladder cancer is two to four times as great in men as in women. We estimated what the gender-specific incidence rates would be in the absence of exposure to known carcinogenic factors. The data used were obtained from interviews with 2,806 white individuals with bladder cancer and 5,258 white controls in the National Bladder Cancer Study and from incidence data for 1978 from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The total age-adjusted incidence of bladder cancer was 27.5 cases per 100,000 person-years for men and 7.0 for women, yielding a ratio of 3.9. Even in the absence of exposure to cigarettes, occupational hazards, or urinary tract infection, the gender-related risk persisted; the incidence of bladder cancer was 11.0 in men and 4.1 in women, yielding a ratio of 2.7. Possible explanations for the excessive risk in men include environmental and dietary exposures not yet identified and innate sexual characteristics such as anatomic differences, urination habits, or hormonal factors. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Hartge, P AU - Harvey, E B AU - Linehan, W M AU - Silverman, D T AU - Sullivan, J W AU - Hoover, R N AU - Fraumeni, J F AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/17/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 17 SP - 1636 EP - 1640 VL - 82 IS - 20 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sex Factors KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Urinary Tract Infections -- complications KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80044301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Unexplained+excess+risk+of+bladder+cancer+in+men.&rft.au=Hartge%2C+P%3BHarvey%2C+E+B%3BLinehan%2C+W+M%3BSilverman%2C+D+T%3BSullivan%2C+J+W%3BHoover%2C+R+N%3BFraumeni%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Hartge&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-10-17&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=1636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Signal transduction of human interleukin 3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor through serine and tyrosine phosphorylation. AN - 80118120; 1700699 AB - To elucidate the rapid events in signal transduction of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 3 (IL 3), we examined phosphorylation of proteins on both serine and tyrosine residues in a cytokine-stimulated human myeloid cell line. We found increases in tyrosine phosphorylation within 30 s of stimulation with GM-CSF or IL 3, with peak responses occurring within 2 min. IL 3 and GM-CSF also induced serine phosphorylation, though 10 min of stimulation was required for maximum phosphate incorporation. Interestingly, both IL 3 and GM-CSF stimulated phosphate incorporation in identical substrates, a 68 kDa seryl-phosphoprotein (p68) and a 140 kDa tyrosyl-phosphoprotein (p140). Treatment of AML 193 cells with phorbol myristate acetate resulted in serine phosphorylation of p68; however, p140 was not phosphorylated on tyrosine. Depletion of protein kinase C isoenzymes with high concentrations of phorbol myristate acetate resulted in p68 phosphorylation, which was not further increased by IL 3 or GM-CSF. In contrast, cytokine-induced phosphorylation on tyrosine of p140 was observed after protein kinase C depletion. These data demonstrate the co-ordinate yet independent serine and tyrosine phosphorylation in IL 3- and GM-CSF-treated human myeloid cells, and thus suggest a common set of protein kinases stimulated by each separate ligand. JF - The Biochemical journal AU - Linnekin, D AU - Farrar, W L AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 317 EP - 324 VL - 271 IS - 2 SN - 0264-6021, 0264-6021 KW - Interleukin-3 KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - Phosphates KW - Phosphoserine KW - 17885-08-4 KW - Phosphotyrosine KW - 21820-51-9 KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-3 -- pharmacology KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Tyrosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor -- pharmacology KW - Phosphoserine -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80118120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Biochemical+journal&rft.atitle=Signal+transduction+of+human+interleukin+3+and+granulocyte-macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor+through+serine+and+tyrosine+phosphorylation.&rft.au=Linnekin%2C+D%3BFarrar%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Linnekin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Biochemical+journal&rft.issn=02646021&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3569-73 [2471189] J Biol Chem. 1977 Nov 10;252(21):7603-9 [199593] Blood. 1989 Jul;74(1):56-65 [2473802] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 5;263(4):1834-41 [2828352] Immunology. 1988 Dec;65(4):537-41 [2975632] Nature. 1985 Mar 28-Apr 3;314(6009):361-3 [2984574] Nature. 1985 May 16-22;315(6016):235-7 [3158821] Nature. 1985 May 16-22;315(6016):233-5 [3158820] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(14):5542-6 [2473472] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):7982-6 [2460860] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5190-4 [2455897] J Immunol Methods. 1988 May 9;109(2):277-85 [2452204] EMBO J. 1989 Dec 1;8(12):3667-76 [2555171] EMBO J. 1989 Oct;8(10):2967-74 [2555152] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7022-6 [2550928] J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 15;264(32):19253-8 [2681215] J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5420-7 [2647717] Blood. 1989 Feb;73(2):406-18 [2644975] J Immunol. 1989 Feb 1;142(3):819-25 [2643664] Lymphokine Res. 1989 Fall;8(3):215-24 [2789316] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Aug 15;154(3):991-6 [3261586] Cell. 1988 Oct 21;55(2):301-8 [3262426] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2214-8 [3260330] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(7):2279-83 [3353377] Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1229-37 [3296190] Biochem J. 1987 Jun 15;244(3):683-91 [3502246] EMBO J. 1987 Dec 20;6(13):3979-84 [3502088] J Immunol. 1987 Nov 15;139(10):3348-54 [3500218] Blood. 1986 Oct;68(4):906-13 [3489492] J Cell Sci. 1986 Aug;84:93-104 [3492504] Science. 1990 Jan 19;247(4940):324-7 [2404337] Biochem J. 1984 Apr 1;219(1):309-16 [6426470] EMBO J. 1984 Feb;3(2):409-13 [6370682] Cancer Res. 1981 Jun;41(6):2175-81 [6786733] J Immunol. 1981 Oct;127(4):1369-74 [7276562] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Apr 29;144(2):891-9 [3579946] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein oxidation and myelinolysis occur in brain following rapid correction of hyponatremia. AN - 80065827; 2222485 AB - Myelinolysis occurs following rapid correction of hyponatremia in both humans and experimental animals. Although the mechanism of this effect at present is unknown, we have examined the possibility that a rapid rise in serum sodium following hyponatremia potentiates an oxidative stress and results in the oxidation of cellular proteins. In these studies, rats treated with 1 M NaCl following 3 days of vasopressin-induced hyponatremia exhibited myelinolysis in the corpus striatum and thalamus as well as significant increases in soluble oxidized proteins in the brain. These changes did not occur in rats treated with 0.155 M (0.9%) NaCl following 3 days of hyponatremia. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Mickel, H S AU - Oliver, C N AU - Starke-Reed, P E AD - Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 92 EP - 97 VL - 172 IS - 1 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - 0 KW - pitressin tannate KW - Vasopressins KW - 11000-17-2 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Myelin Sheath -- ultrastructure KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Potassium -- blood KW - Organ Specificity KW - Sodium -- blood KW - Male KW - Hyponatremia -- metabolism KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism KW - Hyponatremia -- pathology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hyponatremia -- chemically induced KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80065827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Protein+oxidation+and+myelinolysis+occur+in+brain+following+rapid+correction+of+hyponatremia.&rft.au=Mickel%2C+H+S%3BOliver%2C+C+N%3BStarke-Reed%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Mickel&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cholera toxin on human B cells. Cholera toxin induces B cell surface DR expression while it inhibits anti-mu antibody-induced cell proliferation. AN - 80035952; 2120330 AB - Experiments were performed to investigate the effect of cholera toxin (CT) on human B cell function. Highly purified (greater than 98% CD20+) human peripheral blood B cells were exposed to CT in the presence or absence of anti-mu antibody. Treatment of highly purified B cells with CT stimulated enhanced expression of surface DR molecules, whereas it did not enhance expression of other B cell surface activation markers including transferrin or IL-2R. Neither the A nor the B subunits of CT by themselves enhanced the expression of surface DR Ag. In addition, 8-bromo-cAMP alone or in combination with the B subunit did not increase the expression of human B cell surface DR Ag. These findings suggest that neither elevation of cAMP nor binding to GM1 ganglioside are sufficient to stimulate this activation parameter in B cells. Associated with CT-mediated enhanced expression of MHC class II molecules we found that CT-treated B cells also served as stronger stimulators, compared with control cells, of both autologous and allogeneic MLR responses in peripheral blood T cells. Although CT stimulated early events in B cell activation, it inhibited anti-mu antibody-induced B cell thymidine incorporation by 55 to 75%. Inhibitory effects of CT were observed even when CT was added to cultures as late as 36 h after the addition of the anti-mu antibody. These results suggest that CT has both a stimulatory and inhibitory effect on human B cells and that the stimulatory effect may be mediated via a cAMP-independent mechanism. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Anastassiou, E D AU - Yamada, H AU - Francis, M L AU - Mond, J J AU - Tsokos, G C AD - Kidney Diseases Section, National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 2375 EP - 2380 VL - 145 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin mu-Chains KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Receptors, Transferrin KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- metabolism KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Immunoglobulin mu-Chains -- immunology KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - B-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- metabolism KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Transferrin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80035952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cholera+toxin+on+human+B+cells.+Cholera+toxin+induces+B+cell+surface+DR+expression+while+it+inhibits+anti-mu+antibody-induced+cell+proliferation.&rft.au=Anastassiou%2C+E+D%3BYamada%2C+H%3BFrancis%2C+M+L%3BMond%2C+J+J%3BTsokos%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Anastassiou&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of human monocyte-derived macrophages to kill schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni in vitro. AN - 80033134; 1698860 AB - Human peripheral blood monocytes from normal donors were isolated by elutriation and differentiated by culture in the presence or absence of various immunomodulators. Cells were harvested between 0 and 24 days and tested for their ability to kill schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni in vitro as a measure of activation. Freshly isolated monocytes showed no significant cytotoxic activity in the presence or absence of IFN-gamma or LPS. As the cells matured in vitro, there was a slight increase in their inherent toxicity against the parasite, which was greatly enhanced by pretreatment with either IFN-gamma or CSF-1. Optimal antibody-independent larvicidal activity occurred after stimulation with both IFN-gamma and CSF-1, using cells that had matured for at least 7 days in vitro. Under these conditions, killing of up to 70% of the larvae was observed. Although enhanced larvicidal activity was not found to strictly correlate with production of any of several proposed effector molecules examined, activated monocyte-derived macrophages were capable of producing significant amounts of H2O2 and TNF-alpha. These observations indicate that cytokine-activated human monocyte-derived macrophages are able to kill schistosome larvae by an antibody-independent mechanism, as has been observed using murine peritoneal macrophages. Stimulation with multiple differentiation and activation signals, as would occur in vivo, may be required for development of optimal larvicidal activity. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - James, S L AU - Cook, K W AU - Lazdins, J K AD - Immunology and Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 2686 EP - 2690 VL - 145 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD14 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 81627-83-0 KW - Interferons KW - 9008-11-1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-1 -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor -- pharmacology KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- metabolism KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- biosynthesis KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Monocytes -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Antigens, CD -- metabolism KW - Interferons -- pharmacology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic -- metabolism KW - Schistosoma mansoni -- immunology KW - Macrophage Activation KW - Schistosomiasis mansoni -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80033134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+immunology&rft.atitle=Bone+marrow+transplantation+as+a+means+of+inducing+tolerance.&rft.au=Sykes%2C+M%3BSachs%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Sykes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+immunology&rft.issn=10445323&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feedback regulation of phospholipase C-beta by protein kinase C. AN - 80030616; 2211670 AB - Treatment of a variety of cells and tissues with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC) results in the inhibition of receptor-coupled inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (PLC) activity. To determine whether or not the targets of TPA-activated PKC include one or more isozymes of PLC, studies were carried out with PC12, C6Bu1, and NIH 3T3 cells, which contain at least three PLC isozymes, PLC-beta, PLC-gamma, and PLC-delta. Treatment of the cells with TPA stimulated the phosphorylation of serine residues in PLC-beta, but the phosphorylation state of PLC-gamma and PLC-delta was not changed significantly. Phosphorylation of bovine brain PLC-beta by PKC in vitro resulted in a stoichiometric incorporation of phosphate at serine 887, without any concomitant effect on PLC-beta activity. We propose, therefore, that rather than having a direct effect on enzyme activity, the phosphorylation of PLC-beta by PKC may alter its interaction with a putative guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein and thereby prevent its activation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Ryu, S H AU - Kim, U H AU - Wahl, M I AU - Brown, A B AU - Carpenter, G AU - Huang, K P AU - Rhee, S G AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 17941 EP - 17945 VL - 265 IS - 29 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Phosphopeptides KW - 0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Phosphopeptides -- isolation & purification KW - Cattle KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Feedback KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80030616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Feedback+regulation+of+phospholipase+C-beta+by+protein+kinase+C.&rft.au=Ryu%2C+S+H%3BKim%2C+U+H%3BWahl%2C+M+I%3BBrown%2C+A+B%3BCarpenter%2C+G%3BHuang%2C+K+P%3BRhee%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Ryu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=29&rft.spage=17941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity of 1,3-butadiene in C57BL/6 x C3H F1 mice at low exposure concentrations. AN - 80016645; 2208121 AB - The carcinogenicity of inhaled 1,3-butadiene was evaluated in C57BL/6 x C3H F1 mice exposed to concentrations of this gas ranging from 6.25 to 625 ppm. Butadiene is a high production volume chemical, used mainly in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. In these 2-yr inhalation studies, a potent multisite carcinogenic response was observed, including neoplasms of the lung at concentrations as low as 6.25 ppm. Early occurrence and extensive development of lethal lymphocytic lymphomas in mice exposed to 625 ppm of butadiene reduced the number of animals at risk for the expression of later developing neoplasms at other sites; at lower exposure concentrations, dose responses were demonstrated for hemangiosarcomas of the heart and neoplasms of the lung, forestomach, Harderian gland, preputial gland, liver, mammary gland, and ovary. So far, no long-term studies on butadiene have been conducted at exposure concentrations that have not shown a carcinogenic response. In separate experiments with reduced exposure durations, butadiene induced neoplastic responses at multiple organ sites even after only 13 wk of exposure. Because of the correspondence between these animal data and recent epidemiology findings, there is a worldwide public health need to reevaluate current workplace exposure standards for 1,3-butadiene. JF - Cancer research AU - Melnick, R L AU - Huff, J AU - Chou, B J AU - Miller, R A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 6592 EP - 6599 VL - 50 IS - 20 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Heart Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Hemangiosarcoma -- chemically induced KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Female KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80016645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+1%2C3-butadiene+in+C57BL%2F6+x+C3H+F1+mice+at+low+exposure+concentrations.&rft.au=Melnick%2C+R+L%3BHuff%2C+J%3BChou%2C+B+J%3BMiller%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Melnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined high-performance liquid chromatography/32P-postlabeling assay of N7-methyldeoxyguanosine. AN - 80015241; 2208119 AB - A highly sensitive and specific assay for the detection of N7-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (N7methyldG) has been developed by combining high-performance liquid chromatography, 32P-postlabeling, and nucleotide chromatography. Separation of normal nucleotides and adducts by high-performance liquid chromatography and then combining a portion of 2'-deoxyguanosine to the N7methyldG allows for quantitation using an internal standard. The directly determined molar ratio is not subject to errors in digestion, variable ATP-specific activity, or assumptions in relative adduct-labeling efficiency. The detection limit was one N7methyldG adduct in 10(7) unmodified 2'-deoxyguanosine bases. N7methyldG adducts have been detected in 5 human lung samples in which O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts had been previously determined. The mean ratio of N7methyldG to O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine was determined to be approximately 10. The current assay complements the high-performance liquid chromatography/32P-postlabeling assay for O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine and increases the detection sensitivity of DNA methylated by exogenous alkylating agents. JF - Cancer research AU - Shields, P G AU - Povey, A C AU - Wilson, V L AU - Weston, A AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 6580 EP - 6584 VL - 50 IS - 20 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - 7-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine KW - 28074-91-1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Adult KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analysis KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80015241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Combined+high-performance+liquid+chromatography%2F32P-postlabeling+assay+of+N7-methyldeoxyguanosine.&rft.au=Shields%2C+P+G%3BPovey%2C+A+C%3BWilson%2C+V+L%3BWeston%2C+A%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Shields&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide exposures and other agricultural risk factors for leukemia among men in Iowa and Minnesota. AN - 80013485; 2208120 AB - Mortality surveys and death certificate studies have suggested an association between leukemia and farming. To investigate whether exposure to carcinogens in an agricultural setting is related to risk of leukemia, the authors conducted a population-based case-control interview study of 578 white men with leukemia and 1245 controls living in Iowa and Minnesota. Consistent with recent mortality studies, there were slight, but significant, elevations in risk for all leukemia [odds ratio (OR) 1.2] and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (OR 1.4) for farmers compared to nonfarmers. There were no significant associations with leukemia for exposure to specific fungicides, herbicides (including 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T), or crop insecticides. However, significantly elevated risks for leukemia of greater than or equal to 2.0 were seen for exposure to specific animal insecticides including the organophosphates crotoxyphos (OR 11.1), dichlorvos (OR 2.0), and famphur (OR 2.2) and the natural product pyrethrins (OR 3.7) and the chlorinated hydrocarbon methoxychlor (OR 2.2). There were also smaller, but significant, risks associated with exposure to nicotine (OR 1.6) and DDT (OR 1.3). This finding of elevated risks for insecticides used on animals deserves further evaluation. JF - Cancer research AU - Brown, L M AU - Blair, A AU - Gibson, R AU - Everett, G D AU - Cantor, K P AU - Schuman, L M AU - Burmeister, L F AU - Van Lier, S F AU - Dick, F AD - Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 6585 EP - 6591 VL - 50 IS - 20 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Minnesota KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Iowa KW - Male KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Leukemia -- chemically induced KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80013485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Pesticide+exposures+and+other+agricultural+risk+factors+for+leukemia+among+men+in+Iowa+and+Minnesota.&rft.au=Brown%2C+L+M%3BBlair%2C+A%3BGibson%2C+R%3BEverett%2C+G+D%3BCantor%2C+K+P%3BSchuman%2C+L+M%3BBurmeister%2C+L+F%3BVan+Lier%2C+S+F%3BDick%2C+F&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NIH conference. Antiretroviral therapy in AIDS. AN - 79998023; 1698042 AB - To review recent developments of antiretroviral therapy for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and related disorders. An edited and updated summary of a Clinical Staff Conference held 26 October 1988 at the National Institutes of Health. The speakers discussed their own work as well as related work from other groups. The discovery that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes AIDS has permitted the development of rational antiviral therapy for this disease. Various steps in the replicative cycle of HIV can be targeted for intervention. More basic research into the life cycle of HIV is therefore likely to yield new therapeutic approaches. In 1985, nucleoside analogues called dideoxynucleosides were discovered to be potent inhibitors of HIV replication in vitro. Dideoxynucleosides selectively inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase after they are phosphorylated intracellularly to 5'-triphosphates. One dideoxynucleoside, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT or zidovudine) has been found to prolong the life of patients with AIDS. This drug can partially reverse HIV dementia and decrease short-term progression to AIDS; it has been approved for treating HIV-infected patients with fewer than 500 CD4+ cells/mm3. AZT is only a first step in developing new therapy for AIDS. Its use is associated with toxicities, particularly bone marrow suppression. Several groups have reported the development of AZT-resistant strains of HIV. Other dideoxynucleosides whose toxicity profiles differ from that of AZT have also shown activity against HIV in early clinical studies. Large-scale, randomized trials of these drugs are now under way. Studies have shown that the binding of HIV to CD4 may be blocked by genetically engineered forms of CD4 and that HIV protease may be inhibited by substrate analogues. Protease inhibitors are an excellent area for further study in patients. Antisense oligonucleotide therapy may target the regulatory genes of HIV and is also being considered. With these advances, AIDS is gradually changing from an imminently fatal disease to one that can be managed with the judicious use of drugs and biologics. Progress against AIDS will continue, provided that researchers adhere to the principles of controlled trials. JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Broder, S AU - Mitsuya, H AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Pavlakis, G N AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 15 SP - 604 EP - 618 VL - 113 IS - 8 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - Dextrans KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - Dextran Sulfate KW - 9042-14-2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Virus Replication KW - United States KW - Antigens, CD4 -- physiology KW - Dextrans -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Dextrans -- pharmacology KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- pharmacology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79998023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=NIH+conference.+Antiretroviral+therapy+in+AIDS.&rft.au=Broder%2C+S%3BMitsuya%2C+H%3BYarchoan%2C+R%3BPavlakis%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Broder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-10-15&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping the human genome: current status. AN - 80061639; 2218527 AB - The human genome has already been the subject of extensive research activity even though the Human Genome Project is only just officially starting. This review and the accompanying wall chart attempt to provide an integrated, quantitative, and detailed summary of the status of knowledge on the human genome in mid-1990. The analysis has highlighted the rudimentary nature of many of the information links needed for the task. While this overview could not be fully comprehensive and required simplifying assumptions, the results have provided estimates of relative progress on a region-by-region basis throughout the genome. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Stephens, J C AU - Cavanaugh, M L AU - Gradie, M I AU - Mador, M L AU - Kidd, K K AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/10/12/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 12 SP - 237 EP - 244 VL - 250 IS - 4978 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Genetic Linkage KW - Information Systems KW - Chromosome Banding KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Genome, Human KW - Human Genome Project UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80061639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+human+genome%3A+current+status.&rft.au=Stephens%2C+J+C%3BCavanaugh%2C+M+L%3BGradie%2C+M+I%3BMador%2C+M+L%3BKidd%2C+K+K&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-12&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=4978&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence requirements for cytochrome P-450IID1 catalytic activity. A single amino acid change (Ile380 Phe) specifically decreases Vmax of the enzyme for bufuralol but not debrisoquine hydroxylation. AN - 80032896; 1976628 AB - A cDNA coding for an allelic variant of rat IID1, designated IID1v, was isolated that produced a P-450 having a 10-fold lower catalytic activity toward the substrate bufuralol when expressed in COS-1 cells (Matsunaga, E., Zanger, U. M., Hardwick, J. P., Gelboin, H. V., Meyer, U. A., and Gonzalez, F. J. (1989) Biochemistry, 28, 7349-7355). IID1 and IID1v cDNA-deduced proteins differed in sequence by 4 amino acid residues. IID1 has Val, Phe, Arg, and Leu while IID1v has Ile, Leu, Gln, and Phe at amino acid positions 123, 124, 173, and 380, respectively. Chimeric cDNAs between IID1 and IID1v were constructed and expressed in hepatoma cells using vaccinia virus. A chimera having the Phe (IID1v) at amino acid 380, with the remaining 3 variant amino acid residues of IID1, was found to have a 17-fold decrease in Vmax and a 2 to 3-fold decrease in Km for (+)-bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation when compared to a converse chimera having Ile (IID1) in a background of IID1v sequence. Although this enzyme lacked significant bufuralol metabolism, it was able to carry out debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation. In contrast, the chimera having Ile (IID1) at position 380 was lacking in debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation. Type I difference spectra analysis revealed that both forms could bind debrisoquine with similar spectral dissociation constants. These data demonstrate that the single amino acid substitution Ile380----Phe differentially decreases the catalytic activity of IID1 toward bufuralol but not debrisoquine. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Matsunaga, E AU - Zeugin, T AU - Zanger, U M AU - Aoyama, T AU - Meyer, U A AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 05 SP - 17197 EP - 17201 VL - 265 IS - 28 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Ethanolamines KW - Isoleucine KW - 04Y7590D77 KW - NADP KW - 53-59-8 KW - bufuralol KW - 891H89GFT4 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Debrisoquin KW - X31CDK040E KW - Index Medicus KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Animals KW - NADP -- metabolism KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- isolation & purification KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Hydroxylation KW - Rats KW - Chimera KW - Kinetics KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Cell Line KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists -- metabolism KW - Ethanolamines -- metabolism KW - Debrisoquin -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80032896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Sequence+requirements+for+cytochrome+P-450IID1+catalytic+activity.+A+single+amino+acid+change+%28Ile380+Phe%29+specifically+decreases+Vmax+of+the+enzyme+for+bufuralol+but+not+debrisoquine+hydroxylation.&rft.au=Matsunaga%2C+E%3BZeugin%2C+T%3BZanger%2C+U+M%3BAoyama%2C+T%3BMeyer%2C+U+A%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Matsunaga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-10-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=17197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Message from the National Institutes of Health. The state of the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. AN - 85226340; pmid-2206496 JF - Archives of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Snow, J B AD - National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. PY - 1990 SP - 1135 EP - 1136 VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0886-4470, 0886-4470 KW - United States KW - Deafness KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Communication Disorders KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85226340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Message+from+the+National+Institutes+of+Health.+The+state+of+the+National+Institute+on+Deafness+and+Other+Communication+Disorders.&rft.au=Snow%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Snow&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=08864470&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct extension of laryngeal carcinoma to the skin of the neck. AN - 85181061; pmid-2246587 AB - Invasion of the skin of the neck by laryngeal carcinoma is relatively uncommon. Twelve cases of cancer of the larynx fungating through the cervical skin are presented. They mostly followed initial treatment by deep X-ray therapy or partial laryngectomy. A high tracheostomy was also considered to be a contributing cause for the occurrence of such a mishap. The management and follow-up of these patients is described. JF - The Journal of Laryngology and Otology AU - Rifai, M AU - Mebed, H AU - Bassiouni, M AD - E.N.T. Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University. PY - 1990 SP - 824 EP - 826 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0022-2151, 0022-2151 KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness KW - Skin KW - Head and Neck Neoplasms KW - Human KW - Laryngectomy KW - Tracheostomy KW - Radiotherapy KW - Laryngeal Neoplasms KW - Surgical Flaps KW - Skin Neoplasms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85181061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Laryngology+and+Otology&rft.atitle=Direct+extension+of+laryngeal+carcinoma+to+the+skin+of+the+neck.&rft.au=Rifai%2C+M%3BMebed%2C+H%3BBassiouni%2C+M&rft.aulast=Rifai&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=824&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Laryngology+and+Otology&rft.issn=00222151&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective killing of tumor cells using EGF or TGF alpha-Pseudomonas exotoxin chimeric molecules. AN - 80383361; 2129426 AB - Many types of cancer cells display aberrantly high numbers of EGF receptors on their surface. We have targeted these cells for elimination by combining the cell binding ability of either epidermal growth factor or transforming growth factor type alpha with the potent cell killing activity of Pseudomonas exotoxin. These chimeric molecules are formed either by chemical conjugation of the two proteins or by expression of a gene fusion into a product containing both proteins. In this review, we show that these chimeric toxins are extremely cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cell lines. JF - Seminars in cancer biology AU - Siegall, C B AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 345 EP - 350 VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 1044-579X, 1044-579X KW - Exotoxins KW - 0 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Transforming Growth Factor alpha KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- metabolism KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- ultrastructure KW - Humans KW - Transforming Growth Factor alpha -- metabolism KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Immunotoxins -- toxicity KW - Immunotoxins -- chemical synthesis KW - Immunotoxins -- biosynthesis KW - Exotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80383361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+cancer+biology&rft.atitle=Selective+killing+of+tumor+cells+using+EGF+or+TGF+alpha-Pseudomonas+exotoxin+chimeric+molecules.&rft.au=Siegall%2C+C+B%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Siegall&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+cancer+biology&rft.issn=1044579X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The prediction of drug dependence from expectancy for hostility while intoxicated. AN - 80328366; 2090620 AB - Three hundred seventy-one male substance-abusing volunteers for drug studies were administered the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (B-D). One hundred nineteen of these subjects were readministered the B-D with the instruction to answer the items in terms of their behavior while drinking alcohol, with 67 of these subjects also completing a heroin use condition. Expectancies for hostility under alcohol or heroin were generally uncorrelated with other measures of personality, psychopathology, antisocial personality, impulsiveness, or criminality; but expectancies for hostility under alcohol were predictive of diagnoses of alcohol, opioid, and marijuana abuse and dependence over and above the influence of these other measures. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Walter, D AU - Nagoshi, C AU - Muntaner, C AU - Haertzen, C A AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1151 EP - 1168 VL - 25 IS - 10 SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Aggression -- psychology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Heroin Dependence -- prevention & control KW - Alcohol Drinking -- psychology KW - Marijuana Abuse -- psychology KW - Heroin Dependence -- psychology KW - Male KW - Marijuana Abuse -- prevention & control KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- psychology KW - Hostility KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- prevention & control KW - Personality Inventory KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80328366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=The+prediction+of+drug+dependence+from+expectancy+for+hostility+while+intoxicated.&rft.au=Walter%2C+D%3BNagoshi%2C+C%3BMuntaner%2C+C%3BHaertzen%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-04 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity associated with suppressor lymphocytes: is a lesion in DNA an essential step in the pathway? AN - 80327888; 1709038 AB - Exposure of mice to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and treatment with methoxsalen and UVA radiation produces a systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) that is associated with suppressor lymphocytes. Both UVB and methoxsalen and UVA radiation produce lesions in DNA, and this suggests that alterations in that molecule might be an essential step in the pathway. This possibility has been explored by testing the effect of other modalities that do and do not interact with DNA. Treatment of mice with superficial X radiation, which mainly produces single-strand breaks in DNA, or with 5-methylisopsoralen and UVA radiation, which produces monofunctional adducts in DNA, results in systemic suppression of CHS. In both instances, the suppression can be transferred to untreated mice by injection of lymphoid cells obtained from suppressed mice. Treatment of mice with rose bengal and visible (greater than 400 nm) radiation, a photochemical interaction that does not produce lesions in DNA, results in systemic suppression of CHS; however, in contrast to the other treatments, the suppression cannot be transferred with lymphoid cells. In addition, treatment of mice with eosin and visible radiation, which also does not interact with DNA, did not produce suppression of CHS. These findings suggest that a molecular alteration in DNA may be either an initiating or an essential step in the development of the systemic suppression of CHS that is mediated by suppressor lymphocytes. JF - Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine AU - Morison, W L AD - Basic Research Program-Litton Bionetics Inc., NCI Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 202 EP - 206 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 0905-4383, 0905-4383 KW - Rose Bengal KW - 1ZPG1ELY14 KW - Eosine Yellowish-(YS) KW - TDQ283MPCW KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Rose Bengal -- administration & dosage KW - Eosine Yellowish-(YS) -- administration & dosage KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Female KW - DNA Damage KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- immunology KW - PUVA Therapy KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- drug therapy KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80327888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photodermatology%2C+photoimmunology+%26+photomedicine&rft.atitle=Systemic+suppression+of+contact+hypersensitivity+associated+with+suppressor+lymphocytes%3A+is+a+lesion+in+DNA+an+essential+step+in+the+pathway%3F&rft.au=Morison%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Morison&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photodermatology%2C+photoimmunology+%26+photomedicine&rft.issn=09054383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The National Institute on Drug Abuse in the decade of the brain. AN - 80291949; 2078268 JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Schuster, C R AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. PY - 1990 SP - 315 EP - 318 VL - 3 IS - 5-6 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Neurology -- trends KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80291949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=The+National+Institute+on+Drug+Abuse+in+the+decade+of+the+brain.&rft.au=Schuster%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Schuster&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurosciences research. Finding the key to alcohol abuse and alcoholism. AN - 80285503; 2078267 JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Gordis, E AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20857. PY - 1990 SP - 311 EP - 314 VL - 3 IS - 5-6 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Alcoholism -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80285503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Neurosciences+research.+Finding+the+key+to+alcohol+abuse+and+alcoholism.&rft.au=Gordis%2C+E&rft.aulast=Gordis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium naproxen versus sodium diclofenac in cancer pain control. AN - 80268267; 2291751 AB - In a single-blind random study, simultaneously carried out by five Pain Therapy and Palliative Care Centres, the analgesic power and side-effects of sodium naproxen (CAS 26159-34-2) and sodium diclofenac (CAS 15307-86-5) by mouth were compared in a group of 100 advanced cancer patients. The patients complained of somatic and/or visceral pain and were treated with non-steroid anti-inflammatories as required. The dose administered amounted to 550 mg every 12 h for sodium naproxen and to 100 mg every 12 h for sodium diclofenac. The study stressed the similar analgesic effect of the two drugs--pain intensity and duration decreased by half in the first week of treatment--and a comparatively low morbidity rate. JF - Arzneimittel-Forschung AU - Ventafridda, V AU - Toscani, F AU - Tamburini, M AU - Corli, O AU - Gallucci, M AU - Gottlieb, A AU - Speranza, R AU - De Conno, F AD - Italian National Cancer Institute, Milan. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1132 EP - 1134 VL - 40 IS - 10 SN - 0004-4172, 0004-4172 KW - Diclofenac KW - 144O8QL0L1 KW - Naproxen KW - 57Y76R9ATQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Single-Blind Method KW - Random Allocation KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pain, Intractable -- drug therapy KW - Naproxen -- therapeutic use KW - Diclofenac -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- physiopathology KW - Naproxen -- adverse effects KW - Diclofenac -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80268267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arzneimittel-Forschung&rft.atitle=Sodium+naproxen+versus+sodium+diclofenac+in+cancer+pain+control.&rft.au=Ventafridda%2C+V%3BToscani%2C+F%3BTamburini%2C+M%3BCorli%2C+O%3BGallucci%2C+M%3BGottlieb%2C+A%3BSperanza%2C+R%3BDe+Conno%2C+F&rft.aulast=Ventafridda&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arzneimittel-Forschung&rft.issn=00044172&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fertility and pregnancy after malignancy. AN - 80259932; 2287957 JF - Seminars in perinatology AU - Byrne, J AD - Clinical Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 423 EP - 429 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0146-0005, 0146-0005 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infertility, Male -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Infertility, Female -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Pregnancy -- drug effects KW - Fertility -- radiation effects KW - Pregnancy -- radiation effects KW - Fertility -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80259932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+perinatology&rft.atitle=Fertility+and+pregnancy+after+malignancy.&rft.au=Byrne%2C+J&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+perinatology&rft.issn=01460005&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alcohol abuse among grandsons of alcoholics: some preliminary findings. AN - 80189337; 2264603 AB - Drawing upon self-reports of family history for alcoholism, the present study compared the level of alcohol abuse among grandsons of alcoholic maternal and paternal grandfathers. Although based on a small sample of grandsons (N = 29), the results indicated a significantly higher level of alcohol abuse among maternal compared with paternal grandsons. JF - Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research AU - Harford, T C AU - Grant, B F AD - Division of Biometry and Epidemiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 739 EP - 740 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0145-6008, 0145-6008 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Child of Impaired Parents -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80189337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.atitle=Alcohol+abuse+among+grandsons+of+alcoholics%3A+some+preliminary+findings.&rft.au=Harford%2C+T+C%3BGrant%2C+B+F&rft.aulast=Harford&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-11-01&rft.volume=120+Suppl+11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=00223166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacology and drug resistance in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia. AN - 80181792; 2262483 AB - In the first part of this article, the pharmacology of the chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of childhood lymphoblastic leukemia is reviewed, detailing their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and toxicities. A section on central nervous system pharmacology discusses advances made in the treatment of meningeal leukemia. Mechanisms of drug resistance are discussed in the second section of the article, outlining the biochemical basis for and clinical implications of both agent-specific resistance and multidrug resistance. JF - Hematology/oncology clinics of North America AU - Adamson, P C AU - Poplack, D G AU - Balis, F M AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 871 EP - 894 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 0889-8588, 0889-8588 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Resistance -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80181792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hematology%2Foncology+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Pharmacology+and+drug+resistance+in+childhood+lymphoblastic+leukemia.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+P+C%3BPoplack%2C+D+G%3BBalis%2C+F+M&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hematology%2Foncology+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=08898588&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology and carcinogenicity studies of diuretics in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. 2. Furosemide. AN - 80163474; 2254589 AB - Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of furosemide, a widely used diuretic, were conducted by administering diets containing the drug to both sexes of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice in 14-day, 13-week and 2-year studies. Deaths occurred among rats and mice receiving diets containing 46,000 ppm furosemide in 14-day studies, and animals given diets containing lower concentrations lost weight. No deaths were seen in 13-week studies using top concentrations ranging from 10,000 to 20,000 ppm, but animals at higher concentrations had lower weight gains than controls. Nephrosis in rats and mice was the only significant compound-related lesion observed in the prechronic studies. In 2-year studies, rats received diets containing 0, 350 or 700 ppm furosemide and mice received diets containing 0, 700 or 1400 ppm furosemide. Survival of dosed and control rats of both sexes and male mice was similar; survival of high-dose female mice was lower than controls. Nephropathy was increased in male rats and in male and female mice. In female mice, increased malignant tumors of the mammary gland were associated with furosemide administration. In male rats, marginal increases in tubular cell neoplasms of the kidney and in meningiomas of the brain were observed in dosed animals, but these were not considered to be related clearly to exposure to furosemide. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Bucher, J R AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J K AU - Eustis, S L AU - Davis, W E AU - Meierhenry, E F AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 369 EP - 378 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Diuretics KW - Furosemide KW - 7LXU5N7ZO5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Brain Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Hyperplasia -- pathology KW - Kidney Diseases -- pathology KW - Meningioma -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Meningioma -- pathology KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Brain Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Parathyroid Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Parathyroid Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Adenoma -- pathology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Furosemide -- toxicity KW - Diuretics -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80163474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Toxicology+and+carcinogenicity+studies+of+diuretics+in+F344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.+2.+Furosemide.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BEustis%2C+S+L%3BDavis%2C+W+E%3BMeierhenry%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology and carcinogenicity studies of diuretics in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. 1. Hydrochlorothiazide. AN - 80162496; 2254588 AB - Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of hydrochlorothiazide, a benzothiadiazide diuretic, were conducted by administering diets containing the drug to both sexes of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice in 15-day, 13-week and 2-year studies. No rats died during the 15-day or 13-week studies at dietary concentrations of up to 50,000 ppm. Deaths of male mice in the top dose group in the 13-week study were likely to be related to chemical administration. In the prechronic studies, increased nephrosis and mineralization at the kidney corticomedullary junction were the primary toxic effects of hydrochlorothiazide observed in rats. In mice, chemical-related effects included nephrosis and calculi, inflammation and epithelial hyperplasia in the urinary bladder. In 2-year studies using dietary concentrations of 0, 250, 500 and 2000 ppm in rats and 0, 2500 and 5000 ppm in mice, survival of dosed and control groups of rats and mice was similar, as were body weights of mice. Dosed groups of male and female rats were uniformly lighter than controls (up to 25%) throughout the studies. Severe chronic renal disease with secondary parathyroid hyperplasia and fibrous osteodystrophy of the bone were attributed to chemical administration in rats. No neoplasms in rats or female mice or non-neoplastic lesions in mice were associated with hydrochlorothiazide. In high-dose male mice, liver neoplasms were increased but were not considered to be related to hydrochlorothiazide administration because of an unusually low incidence in the control group relative to historical controls. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Bucher, J R AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J K AU - Eustis, S L AU - Elwell, M R AU - Davis, W E AU - Meierhenry, E F AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 359 EP - 367 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Diuretics KW - Hydrochlorothiazide KW - 0J48LPH2TH KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Adenofibroma -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder -- chemically induced KW - Kidney Diseases -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Parathyroid Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Diet KW - Female KW - Male KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Hydrochlorothiazide -- toxicity KW - Diuretics -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80162496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Toxicology+and+carcinogenicity+studies+of+diuretics+in+F344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.+1.+Hydrochlorothiazide.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BEustis%2C+S+L%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BDavis%2C+W+E%3BMeierhenry%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation and growth of human CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by direct positive panning on covalently attached monoclonal antibody-coated flasks. AN - 80158637; 1979348 AB - A direct positive panning technique was developed in order to achieve highly purified CD4+ and CD8+ cells. Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells or tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes derived from bulk cultures were applied to modified polystyrene surfaces to which anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies were covalently attached. Adherent cells were allowed to grow in the original flask and were then harvested and cultured in IL-2-containing medium. This positive immunoselection technique resulted in CD4+ and CD8+ cell subsets with high cell viability and a high degree of purity. In several samples, the isolated cell subsets were subsequently subjected to a negative immunomagnetic bead selection in order to remove reciprocal cell subset contamination or double-positive CD4+/CD8+ cells. The isolated cells maintained their ability to proliferate, kept their phenotypic profiles, and remained functionally intact after long-term growth in culture without the further addition of mitogenic or allogeneic cell stimulation. This approach is a simple, rapid, and reproducible technique that might be useful on a large scale to isolate and to grow T-cell subsets for research and for clinical use. JF - Journal of biological response modifiers AU - Morecki, S AU - Topalian, S L AU - Myers, W W AU - Okrongly, D AU - Okarma, T B AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 463 EP - 474 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0732-6580, 0732-6580 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Chromium Radioisotopes KW - Polystyrenes KW - Index Medicus KW - Magnetics KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Immunophenotyping KW - Microspheres KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory -- cytology KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- immunology KW - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating -- cytology KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- cytology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory -- immunology KW - Cell Separation -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80158637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.atitle=Separation+and+growth+of+human+CD4%2B+and+CD8%2B+tumor-infiltrating+lymphocytes+and+peripheral+blood+mononuclear+cells+by+direct+positive+panning+on+covalently+attached+monoclonal+antibody-coated+flasks.&rft.au=Morecki%2C+S%3BTopalian%2C+S+L%3BMyers%2C+W+W%3BOkrongly%2C+D%3BOkarma%2C+T+B%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Morecki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.issn=07326580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - No evidence of toxicity or carcinogenicity of pentaerythritol tetranitrate given in the diet to F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice for up to two years. AN - 80157428; 2254587 AB - Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), an organic nitrate used in explosives and as a therapeutic agent for angina pectoris, were conducted by administering diets containing PETN,NF (National Formulary Grade, a 1:4 mixture of PETN and lactose) to both sexes of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice in 14-day, 13-week and 2-year studies. PETN was found to be essentially non-toxic in 14-day and 13-week studies at dietary concentrations as high as 10,000 ppm; the weight gain of female rats was lower than that of controls at 5000 and 10,000 ppm in the 13-week study. In the 13-week studies, one in ten high-dose female rats had an adenoma of the Zymbal gland and one in ten high-dose female mice had a hepatocellular adenoma. Dietary concentrations chosen for the 2-year studies were 5000 and 10,000 ppm for male rats and male and female mice, and 1240 and 2500 ppm for female rats. In the 2-year studies, there were no adverse effects on survival or body weight gains in either sex of rats or mice. No neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesions were considered to be related clearly to PETN administration. Neoplasms of the Zymbal gland occurred at low incidences in PETN-exposed groups of both sexes of rats in the 2-year study. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Bucher, J R AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J K AU - Eustis, S L AU - Lilja, H S AU - Murthy, A S AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 353 EP - 357 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate KW - 10L39TRG1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Diet KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80157428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=No+evidence+of+toxicity+or+carcinogenicity+of+pentaerythritol+tetranitrate+given+in+the+diet+to+F344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice+for+up+to+two+years.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BEustis%2C+S+L%3BLilja%2C+H+S%3BMurthy%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro and in vivo antitumor properties of a T-cell clone generated from murine tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. AN - 80156171; 2174966 AB - We have shown that a T-cell clone derived from murine tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be established that mediates in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects. Utilizing this clone as a model, we examined the effect of cytokines on T-cell antitumor effector mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. This clone, termed BF-1, was generated by limiting dilution culture of a freshly excised MC-38 tumor, growing it in low levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), and has been maintained for over 600 days. This clone became specifically cytotoxic for the MC-38 tumor during its first 100 days of culture. Pretreatment of the parental MC-38 tumor cell line with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) increased its susceptibility to lysis by the BF-1 TIL line, but not to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells, in in vitro cytotoxicity assays. This increased susceptibility of the cytokine-pretreated targets was restricted to the parental tumor (MC-38), since similar pretreatment of MCA-102, MCA-105, or MCA-106 tumors did not render them susceptible to lysis by BF-1 TILs. This increased sensitivity to lysis in vitro was not the result of a change in the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. In experiments testing the ability of TILs to treat established lung metastases, the combination of TNF, IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TILs was shown to increase significantly the antitumor properties of this therapy when compared to TILs and IL-2. This result demonstrates that combinations of lymphokines, which when administered alone do not affect micrometastatic tumor burdens (TNF, IFN-gamma), can synergize with cellular immunotherapy in the treatment of established tumor burdens and may have applicabilities to the treatment of cancer in humans. JF - Journal of biological response modifiers AU - Fox, B A AU - Spiess, P J AU - Kasid, A AU - Puri, R AU - Mulé, J J AU - Weber, J S AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 499 EP - 511 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0732-6580, 0732-6580 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immunoblotting KW - Cytokines -- therapeutic use KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Interferon-gamma -- therapeutic use KW - Mice KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Up-Regulation -- immunology KW - Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor -- physiology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use KW - Major Histocompatibility Complex -- physiology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Clone Cells -- immunology KW - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating -- immunology KW - Adenocarcinoma -- therapy KW - Adenocarcinoma -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80156171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.atitle=In+vitro+and+in+vivo+antitumor+properties+of+a+T-cell+clone+generated+from+murine+tumor-infiltrating+lymphocytes.&rft.au=Fox%2C+B+A%3BSpiess%2C+P+J%3BKasid%2C+A%3BPuri%2C+R%3BMul%C3%A9%2C+J+J%3BWeber%2C+J+S%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.issn=07326580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutations in the p53 gene are frequent in primary, resected non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Study Group. AN - 80148377; 1979160 AB - The p53 gene has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene with mutations found in common human cancers. We examined 51 early stage, primary, resected non-small cell lung cancer specimens using an RNAase protection assay and cDNA sequencing. Mutations changing the p53 coding sequence were found in 23/51 (45%) tumor specimens, but not in the corresponding normal lung, were distributed between codons 132 to 283, and included tumors with and without 17p allele loss. Fifteen of the 23 mutations lay in the predicted binding regions for SV40 large T antigen, and 14 were located in regions highly conserved between species. G to T transversions were a common result of p53 mutations in lung cancer compared to other cancers suggesting exposure to different mutagens. In univariate and multivariate analysis the presence of p53 mutations was associated with younger age and squamous histology. However, the presence of p53 mutations was not significantly associated with tumor stage, nodal status or sex and was found in all histologic types of lung cancer. We conclude that somatic mutations in the p53 gene play an important role in the pathogenesis of early stage non-small cell lung cancer. JF - Oncogene AU - Chiba, I AU - Takahashi, T AU - Nau, M M AU - D'Amico, D AU - Curiel, D T AU - Mitsudomi, T AU - Buchhagen, D L AU - Carbone, D AU - Piantadosi, S AU - Koga, H AD - NCI-Navy Medical Oncology Branch, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1603 EP - 1610 VL - 5 IS - 10 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - p53 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Codon -- genetics KW - Biological Evolution KW - Exons KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- isolation & purification KW - Smoking KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Introns KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Genes, Suppressor UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80148377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=Mutations+in+the+p53+gene+are+frequent+in+primary%2C+resected+non-small+cell+lung+cancer.+Lung+Cancer+Study+Group.&rft.au=Chiba%2C+I%3BTakahashi%2C+T%3BNau%2C+M+M%3BD%27Amico%2C+D%3BCuriel%2C+D+T%3BMitsudomi%2C+T%3BBuchhagen%2C+D+L%3BCarbone%2C+D%3BPiantadosi%2C+S%3BKoga%2C+H&rft.aulast=Chiba&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - p53 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The natural history of uveitis. AN - 80143530; 2249907 AB - Inflammatory diseases of the eye were known to the ancients, but only recently have the underlying mechanisms to this problem become better defined. During the middle portion of this century, most cases of uveitis thought to be caused by infectious agents, such as those responsible for syphilis and tuberculosis. Since then, it has become clear that endogenous mechanisms of immunomodulation play an important role in these disorders, which along with environmental and genetic factors make up an important triad. Animals studies have indicated the pivotal role of the T-cell in many of these disorders. The development of T-cell lines has helped to further delineate cell to cell interactions that occur during an ocular inflammatory event. The presence in the eye of uveitogenic antigens raises the strong possibility of autoimmune driven processes as well, similar to what is seen in the animal models. The better understanding of ocular inflammatory mechanisms has led to improved therapeutic strategies, including Sandimmune, and more recently Cyclosporine G, a related compound that may be less nephrotoxic. Newer therapeutic strategies will focus on even more novel modes of immunomodulation, probably without the use of medications. JF - International ophthalmology AU - Nussenblatt, R B AD - National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 303 EP - 308 VL - 14 IS - 5-6 SN - 0165-5701, 0165-5701 KW - Antigens KW - 0 KW - Arrestin KW - Eye Proteins KW - HLA Antigens KW - Index Medicus KW - Autoimmunity -- immunology KW - Animals KW - Eye Proteins -- immunology KW - Humans KW - HLA Antigens -- immunology KW - Antigens -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Uveitis -- therapy KW - Uveitis -- immunology KW - Uveitis -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80143530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+ophthalmology&rft.atitle=The+natural+history+of+uveitis.&rft.au=Nussenblatt%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Nussenblatt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+ophthalmology&rft.issn=01655701&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New drug therapy for patients with HIV. Nursing implications in the administration of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI). AN - 80137170; 2123127 AB - 2',3'-Dideoxyinosine (ddI) is a dideoxynucleoside currently in Phase I, II, and III trials for antiretroviral therapy. It has been shown to cause objective and subjective improvement in people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC). This drug, as with any drug, is not without toxicity. Through thorough patient education and clinical evaluation, incidence of these toxicities may be lessened or avoided. JF - Cancer nursing AU - Shay, L E AU - Thomas, R V AU - Wyvill, K M AU - Adamo, D O AU - Jenkins, J F AD - Medicine Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 269 EP - 277 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0162-220X, 0162-220X KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Patient Education as Topic KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Patient Care Planning KW - Didanosine -- therapeutic use KW - Didanosine -- administration & dosage KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- nursing KW - HIV-1 KW - Didanosine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80137170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+nursing&rft.atitle=New+drug+therapy+for+patients+with+HIV.+Nursing+implications+in+the+administration+of+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxyinosine+%28ddI%29.&rft.au=Shay%2C+L+E%3BThomas%2C+R+V%3BWyvill%2C+K+M%3BAdamo%2C+D+O%3BJenkins%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Shay&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+nursing&rft.issn=0162220X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-09 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 vpr gene is essential for productive infection of human macrophages. AN - 80113060; 2236020 AB - The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genetic determinant(s) responsible for tropism in human T cells or macrophages are not well defined. We studied the role of the HIV type 2 (HIV-2) nef and vpr genes in viral tropism. HIV-2 mutants, lacking either vpr or nef genes, or both vpr and nef, were obtained by site-specific mutagenesis of a biologically active HIV-2 proviral clone (HIV-2sbl/isy), which is infectious in both human T cells and macrophages. Viral progeny carrying mutations of nef, vpr, or of both nef and vpr genes replicated more efficiently than the parental virus in primary human peripheral blood cells and in the human Hut 78 T-cell line. In contrast, the HIV-2 nef- mutant infected human macrophages as efficiently as the parental virus, whereas viruses lacking the vpr gene either alone or in conjunction with the lack of the nef gene did not replicate in macrophages. Thus, some lack of nef in HIV-2 enhances viral replication in T cells and does not interfere with viral replication in primary macrophages, whereas vpr is essential for replication of HIV-2 in human macrophages. Because the parental HIV-2sbl/isy cloned virus also infects rhesus macaques, the use in animal studies of these HIV-2 mutants with differences in cell tropism and rates of replication will be highly useful in understanding the mechanism of viral infectivity and possibly pathogenicity in vivo. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Hattori, N AU - Michaels, F AU - Fargnoli, K AU - Marcon, L AU - Gallo, R C AU - Franchini, G AD - Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 8080 EP - 8084 VL - 87 IS - 20 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - nef KW - vpr KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Proviruses -- genetics KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- immunology KW - Plasmids KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Macrophages -- immunology KW - HIV-2 -- genetics KW - Genes, Viral KW - HIV-2 -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80113060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=The+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+2+vpr+gene+is+essential+for+productive+infection+of+human+macrophages.&rft.au=Hattori%2C+N%3BMichaels%2C+F%3BFargnoli%2C+K%3BMarcon%2C+L%3BGallo%2C+R+C%3BFranchini%2C+G&rft.aulast=Hattori&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=8080&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - nef; vpr N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1128-32 [2784001] J Exp Med. 1978 Apr 1;147(4):1126-41 [206646] Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):500-3 [6200936] Lancet. 1985 Jun 8;1(8441):1330-2 [2860515] Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1199-201 [3873705] Nature. 1986 May 22-28;321(6068):435-7 [3012358] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5286-90 [3014542] Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215-9 [3014648] Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):343-6 [2425430] Int J Cancer. 1986 Oct 15;38(4):563-74 [2428760] J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):483-90 [3021982] J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):754-60 [3490583] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1434-8 [2434956] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):662-9 [3031510] Cell. 1987 May 8;49(3):307-19 [3646094] Nature. 1987 Aug 6-12;328(6130):539-43 [3497350] Nature. 1987 Aug 6-12;328(6130):543-7 [3649576] Nature. 1987 Aug 20-26;328(6132):728-30 [2441266] Int J Cancer. 1988 Jan 15;41(1):115-22 [2447023] Methods Enzymol. 1987;154:367-82 [3323813] Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91 [2448875] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1988 Apr;4(2):137-48 [3259142] Nature. 1988 Jun 2;333(6172):457-61 [3374586] Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):199-201 [3388031] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3501-5 [3136256] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5941-5 [3261862] Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1221-3 [3261888] J Virol. 1989 Sep;63(9):4110-4 [2474678] J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1800-2 [2467010] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2433-7 [2648404] J Virol. 1989 Jul;63(7):3205-8 [2524599] Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):389-92 [2786147] Nature. 1989 Oct 12;341(6242):539-41 [2797181] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1990;3(1):11-8 [2136707] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9544-8 [2687883] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9549-53 [2687884] J Virol. 1990 Sep;64(9):4462-7 [2117071] Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1481-5 [3262235] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1988 Aug;4(4):251-8 [3144995] J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503-17 [1195397] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for an acetoxyarylamine as the ultimate mutagenic reactive intermediate of the carcinogenic aromatic amine 2,4-diaminotoluene. AN - 80093961; 2233826 AB - 2,4-Diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT) is a mutagenic and hepatocarcinogenic aromatic amine, requiring metabolic activation. We have found that the mutagenic potency of 2,4-DAT in Salmonella TA98 is similar when activated by either Aroclor-1254-induced rat primary hepatocytes or 9000 x g supernatant. Previous work has demonstrated that 2,4-DAT is activated by cytochrome P450. The present report describes an investigation of the role of acetyltransferase in 2,4-DAT activation. Substitution of TA98 with the acetyltransferase-deficient strain TA98/1,8-DNP6 resulted in an approximately 90% decrease in the mutagenic potency for 2,4-DAT using S9 activation. The newly engineered acetyltransferase-enhanced Salmonella tester strain YG1024 (TA98(pYG219] demonstrated greatly enhanced sensitivity to the mutagenicity of 2,4-DAT. Inhibition of O-acetyltransferase activity, either with the selective acetyltransferase inhibitor thiolactomycin, or by competitive inhibition with an alternative substrate for the enzyme, reduced the mutagenicity of 2,4-DAT in this acetyltransferase-enhanced bacterial strain. From these data we conclude that following 2,4-DAT activation by N-hydroxylation by cytochrome P450, the resulting hydroxylamino intermediate is further activated in the bacteria via O-acetylation to form the ultimate reactive intermediate, which is postulated to be 4-acetoxyamino-2-aminotoluene. JF - Mutation research AU - Cunningham, M L AU - Matthews, H B AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 101 EP - 110 VL - 242 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Phenylenediamines KW - Pyridines KW - Thiophenes KW - Toluidines KW - metapyrone KW - 17286-92-9 KW - 4-acetylamino-2-aminotoluene KW - 6375-16-2 KW - thiolactomycin KW - 82079-32-1 KW - Acetyltransferases KW - EC 2.3.1.- KW - 2,4-diaminotoluene KW - IS1AKN4HYB KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Acetylation KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Biotransformation KW - Acetyltransferases -- metabolism KW - Thiophenes -- pharmacology KW - Pyridines -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Toluidines -- metabolism KW - Phenylenediamines -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Toluidines -- toxicity KW - Phenylenediamines -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80093961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+an+acetoxyarylamine+as+the+ultimate+mutagenic+reactive+intermediate+of+the+carcinogenic+aromatic+amine+2%2C4-diaminotoluene.&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+M+L%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled comparisons of clomipramine and fluoxetine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behavioral and biological results. AN - 80065632; 2222131 AB - Treatment with fluoxetine hydrochloride was compared with treatment with clomipramine hydrochloride in two groups of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder using two different experimental designs. In the first group of 11 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder studied using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, treatment with fluoxetine for 10 weeks was found to produce therapeutic effects similar to treatment with clomipramine for 10 weeks. There were significantly fewer total side effects reported during fluoxetine than clomipramine treatment. Drug tapering and placebo substitution in the 4-week crossover interval phase led to substantial relapses in obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and depression. Furthermore, responses to the second drug took as long to occur as responses to the first drug, although both drugs are thought to act by a common mechanism, serotonin uptake inhibition. A second group of 21 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder that had been previously stabilized on clomipramine treatment with at least partial benefit were crossed over to fluoxetine treatment in a double-blind fashion. After 10 weeks of fluoxetine administration, most patients manifested behavioral rating scores of obsessive-compulsive disorder and depressive symptoms that were comparable with precrossover ratings completed during clomipramine treatment. A significant exacerbation in obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression ratings as well as a similar lag in therapeutic efficacy were also noted in this second cohort of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Platelet 5-HT concentrations were reduced 95% during both clomipramine and fluoxetine treatment periods. These results suggest that fluoxetine may represent a viable alternative to clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, although further studies with larger sample sizes are needed. JF - Archives of general psychiatry AU - Pigott, T A AU - Pato, M T AU - Bernstein, S E AU - Grover, G N AU - Hill, J L AU - Tolliver, T J AU - Murphy, D L AD - Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 926 EP - 932 VL - 47 IS - 10 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Fluoxetine KW - 01K63SUP8D KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Clomipramine KW - NUV44L116D KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Blood Platelets -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- blood KW - Fluoxetine -- adverse effects KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- psychology KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Fluoxetine -- therapeutic use KW - Clomipramine -- adverse effects KW - Clomipramine -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80065632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Controlled+comparisons+of+clomipramine+and+fluoxetine+in+the+treatment+of+obsessive-compulsive+disorder.+Behavioral+and+biological+results.&rft.au=Pigott%2C+T+A%3BPato%2C+M+T%3BBernstein%2C+S+E%3BGrover%2C+G+N%3BHill%2C+J+L%3BTolliver%2C+T+J%3BMurphy%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Pigott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;48(9):857-9 [1929778] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An immunohistochemical study of pi class glutathione S-transferase expression in normal human tissue. AN - 80064205; 1977319 AB - Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a family of isoenzymes that play an important role in protecting cells from cytotoxic and carcinogenic agents, can be separated by biochemical and immunologic characteristics into three distinct classes named alpha, mu, and pi. Previous studies have indicated that there is marked heterogeneity in the expression of different GST isoenzymes in different normal and malignant tissues. To better understand the regulation of the human pi class glutathione S-transferase isoenzyme (GST-pi), the tissue distribution of this protein wa studied by an immunohistochemical technique using an anti-GST-pi polyclonal antibody in normal paraffin-embedded human tissues. These studies indicate that there is a broad distribution of GST-pi in normal human tissues and establish a precise localization within the different organs studied. GST-pi was expressed predominantly in normal epithelial cells of the urinary, digestive, and respiratory tracts, suggesting a possible role for GST-pi in detoxication and elimination of toxic substances. Previous studies have indicated that GST-pi and the putative drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein are both overexpressed in multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cells and in xenobiotic resistant preneoplastic rat hyperplastic liver nodules. Results from this study indicate that there are also similarities between the normal tissue distribution GST-pi and that previously reported for mammalian P-glycoprotein, particularly in secretory epithelia. This finding suggests that these two gene products, which have been implicated in the development of resistance to cytotoxic drugs, may be coregulated in normal and malignant cells. JF - The American journal of pathology AU - Terrier, P AU - Townsend, A J AU - Coindre, J M AU - Triche, T J AU - Cowan, K H AD - Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 845 EP - 853 VL - 137 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9440, 0002-9440 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- enzymology KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Epithelium -- enzymology KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Cell Line KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- genetics KW - Glutathione Transferase -- classification KW - Isoenzymes -- classification KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - Muscle, Smooth -- enzymology KW - Urogenital System -- enzymology KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Digestive System -- enzymology KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80064205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.atitle=An+immunohistochemical+study+of+pi+class+glutathione+S-transferase+expression+in+normal+human+tissue.&rft.au=Terrier%2C+P%3BTownsend%2C+A+J%3BCoindre%2C+J+M%3BTriche%2C+T+J%3BCowan%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Terrier&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.issn=00029440&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1988 Apr 1;48(7):1926-9 [2894894] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(17):6518-22 [2842775] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Dec;9(12):2325-7 [2847880] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Dec;9(12):2329-32 [2903802] Cancer. 1989 Jan 15;63(2):317-23 [2910437] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):695-8 [2563168] Cancer Res. 1976 Nov;36(11 Pt 1):3879-87 [975037] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1978;46:383-414 [345769] Adv Cancer Res. 1979;29:175-274 [474272] Methods Enzymol. 1981;77:231-5 [7329301] Gan. 1984 Mar;75(3):199-202 [6724227] Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 Jun 1;33(11):1813-6 [6732844] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1984;107(3):238-41 [6145717] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1985 Jan;76(1):1-4 [3918905] FEBS Lett. 1985 May 6;184(1):139-43 [3987901] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(12):3964-8 [3923485] FEBS Lett. 1985 Jul 22;187(1):115-20 [4018253] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1985;57:357-417 [3898742] Cancer Lett. 1985 Oct;29(1):37-42 [2998588] Biochem Genet. 1985 Dec;23(11-12):1011-28 [4084207] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 Feb 14;869(3):247-58 [2418879] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1986 Mar;77(3):226-9 [3084412] J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 25;261(33):15544-9 [3782078] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9328-32 [3540935] Science. 1987 May 29;236(4805):1120-2 [3576227] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Jun;8(6):861-4 [3608086] Cancer Res. 1987 Oct 1;47(19):5141-8 [2441861] Cancer Res. 1987 Nov 1;47(21):5626-30 [3664469] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7735-8 [2444983] Biochem J. 1987 Aug 15;246(1):179-86 [3118868] Cancer Res. 1987 Dec 15;47(24 Pt 1):6806-9 [3499981] Cancer Res. 1989 Mar 15;49(6):1422-8 [2466554] Cancer Res. 1989 Aug 1;49(15):4120-5 [2568167] J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 25;264(36):21582-90 [2689439] Cancer Commun. 1989;1(6):359-65 [2702041] Cancer Res. 1988 Feb 1;48(3):527-33 [3275499] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Feb;9(2):335-40 [3123087] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 Mar 2;80(1):14-20 [2892943] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis with intermittent high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide. AN - 80063629; 2220874 AB - Concerns regarding the long-term toxicity of daily cyclophosphamide (CP) therapy for the systemic vasculitides have led us to evaluate alternative approaches to treatment in an attempt to achieve comparable efficacy with less toxicity. This study sought to determine the efficacy, toxicity, and immunologic effects of glucocorticoids (GC) and intermittent high-dose intravenous CP ("pulse" CP) in the treatment of 14 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). The diagnosis of active WG was supported by a typical clinical presentation and histopathologic findings of vasculitis, granulomatous inflammation, and tissue necrosis. GC treatment was initially provided on a daily basis and later tapered to an alternate-day schedule if vasculitis remained inactive. Pulse CP treatment was initially administered once a month for 6 months. If after 6 months remission had been attained and GC therapy had been discontinued, then pulse CP treatment was given at less frequent intervals thereafter. Treatment and evaluation were provided for participants as inpatients in a clinical research center (National Institutes of Health). Thirteen of 14 patients (93%) initially experienced unequivocal improvement with pulse CP therapy, and seven of 14 (50%) achieved remission within 4 months. However, treatment was associated with significant toxicity in two patients and later relapses in nine patients, so that a total of 79% either failed to achieve sustained remission or were unable to continue therapy. Three of 14 (21%) patients have achieved sustained remissions with the pulse CP protocol and one additional patient (who had a limited exacerbation of WG) continues to receive that therapy after 14 to 22 months (mean 17 months). The use of pulse CP and GC therapy in 14 patients with WG was associated with a high initial response rate. However, failure to respond initially to treatment, to sustain improvement, or to tolerate continued treatment was noted in 79% of patients within a period of 1 to 22 months. These observations indicate that this particular pulse CP protocol does not achieve a high degree of lasting efficacy. JF - The American journal of medicine AU - Hoffman, G S AU - Leavitt, R Y AU - Fleisher, T A AU - Minor, J R AU - Fauci, A S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 403 EP - 410 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9343, 0002-9343 KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - 0 KW - Thiethylperazine KW - 8ETK1WAF6R KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Lorazepam KW - O26FZP769L KW - Prednisone KW - VB0R961HZT KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Vomiting -- prevention & control KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Immunoglobulin G -- analysis KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Prednisone -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Lymphocyte Subsets -- pathology KW - Aged KW - Vasculitis -- drug therapy KW - Thiethylperazine -- therapeutic use KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Lorazepam -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prednisone -- administration & dosage KW - Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis -- immunology KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis -- physiopathology KW - Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80063629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+Wegener%27s+granulomatosis+with+intermittent+high-dose+intravenous+cyclophosphamide.&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+G+S%3BLeavitt%2C+R+Y%3BFleisher%2C+T+A%3BMinor%2C+J+R%3BFauci%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00029343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Med. 1991 Sep;91(3):321-2 [1892157] Am J Med. 1990 Oct;89(4):399-402 [2220873] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reverse guanine phosphoribosyltransferase selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses. AN - 80062554; 2219714 AB - We have developed a procedure for the selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses with applicability to poxvirus mutagenesis studies and to the use of vaccinia virus as an expression vector. The method depends on the specific inability of a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the Escherichia coli guanine phosphoriboxyltransferase gene (gpt) to form plaques on a hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-negative line of mouse fibroblasts in the presence of 6-thioguanine. Recombinant viruses that have the gpt removed can form plaques under selection conditions, thus providing a simple and efficient selection protocol. We have demonstrated the method by isolating a pseudo-wild type revertant virus and a simple deletion mutant virus from a recombinant vaccinia virus with gpt inserted into the vaccinia virus gene encoding the major 35,000-Da secretory protein. JF - Virology AU - Isaacs, S N AU - Kotwal, G J AU - Moss, B AD - Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 626 EP - 630 VL - 178 IS - 2 SN - 0042-6822, 0042-6822 KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.2.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Poxviridae -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Mutation KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Vaccinia virus -- enzymology KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Vaccinia virus -- growth & development KW - Recombination, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80062554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=Reverse+guanine+phosphoribosyltransferase+selection+of+recombinant+vaccinia+viruses.&rft.au=Isaacs%2C+S+N%3BKotwal%2C+G+J%3BMoss%2C+B&rft.aulast=Isaacs&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=00426822&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nickel induced lipid peroxidation in the rat: correlation with nickel effect on antioxidant defense systems. AN - 80059703; 1977209 AB - Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and alterations in cellular systems protecting against oxidative damage were determined in the liver, kidney and skeletal muscle of male F344/NCr rats, 1 h to 3 days after a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 107 mumol nickel(II)acetate per kg body weight. At 3 h, when tissue nickel concentrations were highest, the following significant (at least, P less than 0.05) effects were observed: in kidney, increased LPO (by 43%), increased renal iron (by 24%), decreased catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities (both by 15%), decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration (by 20%), decreased glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) activity (by 10%), and increased glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity (by 44%); the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), as well as copper concentration, were not affected. In the liver, nickel effects included increased LPO (by 30%), decreased CAT and GSH-Px activities (both by 15%), decreased GSH level (by 33%), decreased GSSG-R activity (by 10%) and decreased GST activity (by 35%); SOD, GGT, copper, and iron remained unchanged. In muscle, nickel treatment decreased copper content (by 43%) and the SOD activity (by 30%) with no effects on other parameters. In blood, nickel had no effect on CAT and GSH-Px, but increased the activities of alanine-(ALT) and aspartate-(AST) transaminases to 330% and 240% of the background level, respectively. In conclusion, nickel treatment caused profound cell damage as indicated by increased LPO in liver and kidney and leakage of intracellular enzymes, ALT and AST to the blood. The time pattern of the resulting renal and hepatic LPO indicated a possible contribution to its magnitude from an increased concentration of nickel and concurrent inhibition of CAT, GSH-Px and GSSG-R, but not from increased iron or copper levels. The oxidative damage expressed as LPO was highest in the kidney and lowest in the muscle, which concurs with the corresponding ranking of nickel uptake by these tissues. JF - Toxicology AU - Misra, M AU - Rodriguez, R E AU - Kasprzak, K S AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1 EP - 17 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Glutathione Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.9 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Glutathione Reductase KW - EC 1.8.1.7 KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.2.2 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Iron -- analysis KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- blood KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- blood KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Catalase -- metabolism KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- blood KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Reductase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - Copper -- analysis KW - Catalase -- blood KW - Male KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Muscles -- metabolism KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Nickel -- toxicity KW - Muscles -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80059703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Nickel+induced+lipid+peroxidation+in+the+rat%3A+correlation+with+nickel+effect+on+antioxidant+defense+systems.&rft.au=Misra%2C+M%3BRodriguez%2C+R+E%3BKasprzak%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Misra&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues for the future development of fludarabine phosphate. AN - 80059081; 1699286 AB - Fludara I.V. (fludarabine phosphate) is a purine analogue with a high level of activity in a variety of indolent lymphoproliferative malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, macroglobulinemia, and hairy-cell leukemia. The high response rate in relapsed and refractory patients with CLL suggests that Fludara I.V. is the most active single agent for this condition. Nevertheless, a number of issues for the future development of Fludara I.V. must be considered: the optimal dose, schedule, and route of administration (intravenous v oral) remain to be determined. To improve on single-agent results, combinations of Fludara I.V. with other agents are under development for patients with CLL and NHL. Phase III clinical trials will be performed to compare Fludara I.V. with standard therapy versus the combination regimen in previously untreated patients with CLL. A similar study is under consideration for low-grade NHL. Companion immunologic and biologic studies will be an integral component of these trials to provide a more rational approach to staging and treatment, and to increase our knowledge of the biology of these disorders. JF - Seminars in oncology AU - Cheson, B D AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 71 EP - 78 VL - 17 IS - 5 Suppl 8 SN - 0093-7754, 0093-7754 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Vidarabine Phosphate KW - 106XV160TZ KW - fludarabine phosphate KW - 1X9VK9O1SC KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Drug Evaluation -- methods KW - Humans KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Leukemia -- drug therapy KW - Lymphoproliferative Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- administration & dosage KW - Vidarabine Phosphate -- administration & dosage KW - Vidarabine Phosphate -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80059081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.atitle=Issues+for+the+future+development+of+fludarabine+phosphate.&rft.au=Cheson%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Cheson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5+Suppl+8&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.issn=00937754&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fludarabine phosphate--looking forward. AN - 80059049; 1699277 JF - Seminars in oncology AU - Cheson, B D AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1 EP - 2 VL - 17 IS - 5 Suppl 8 SN - 0093-7754, 0093-7754 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Vidarabine Phosphate KW - 106XV160TZ KW - fludarabine phosphate KW - 1X9VK9O1SC KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphoproliferative Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- drug therapy KW - Vidarabine Phosphate -- therapeutic use KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell -- drug therapy KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- therapeutic use KW - Vidarabine Phosphate -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80059049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.atitle=Fludarabine+phosphate--looking+forward.&rft.au=Cheson%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Cheson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5+Suppl+8&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.issn=00937754&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence-specific DNA binding by glucocorticoid receptor "zinc finger peptides". AN - 80050790; 2120703 AB - Steroid hormone receptors can activate or repress transcription from responsive loci by binding to DNA. We have examined the mechanism of DNA binding by individually synthesizing the putative "zinc finger peptides" from the rat glucocorticoid receptor. Atomic absorption studies show that the peptides will bind zinc on an equimolar basis, and circular dichroism experiments demonstrate a significant alteration in secondary structure in the presence of zinc. The results from a series of experiments establish that metal ion is required for binding to DNA and that the amino-terminal zinc finger shows a significantly greater affinity for glucocorticoid response element-containing DNA over control DNA. These observations indicate that a single synthetic "zinc finger peptide" is able to bind to DNA in a sequence-specific manner. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Archer, T K AU - Hager, G L AU - Omichinski, J G AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 7560 EP - 7564 VL - 87 IS - 19 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides KW - 0 KW - Peptides KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Edetic Acid KW - 9G34HU7RV0 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Zinc -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Circular Dichroism KW - Spectrophotometry, Atomic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Protein Binding KW - Edetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Protein Conformation KW - Peptides -- chemical synthesis KW - Zinc Fingers -- physiology KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Peptides -- metabolism KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- chemical synthesis KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80050790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Sequence-specific+DNA+binding+by+glucocorticoid+receptor+%22zinc+finger+peptides%22.&rft.au=Archer%2C+T+K%3BHager%2C+G+L%3BOmichinski%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=7560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1987 Oct 22-28;329(6141):734-6 [3670376] EMBO J. 1987 May;6(5):1309-15 [2440676] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jan 25;16(2):609-28 [2829133] Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):889-95 [3283939] Science. 1988 Jun 3;240(4857):1335-9 [2453925] Nature. 1988 Aug 11;334(6182):543-6 [3043231] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(17):6450-4 [2970640] Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1489-92 [3047872] EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1653-60 [3169000] EMBO J. 1988 Oct;7(10):3037-44 [3141145] Cell. 1988 Dec 2;55(5):899-906 [3191531] EMBO J. 1988 Aug;7(8):2503-8 [3191912] EMBO J. 1988 Nov;7(11):3385-8 [3145193] Nature. 1989 Mar 16;338(6212):271-4 [2922054] Trends Genet. 1988 Nov;4(11):309-14 [2853466] Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1131-8 [2500250] Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1139-46 [2500251] Genes Dev. 1989 Oct;3(10):1590-601 [2515114] Science. 1990 Jul 13;249(4965):157-60 [2115209] J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 10;260(3):1676-81 [2981868] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Mar 25;13(6):2045-61 [2987840] Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):759-67 [4053184] Nature. 1985 Dec 19-1986 Jan 1;318(6047):635-41 [2867473] Annu Rev Genet. 1985;19:209-52 [3909942] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25;261(3):1398-408 [3003068] Cell. 1986 Jul 4;46(1):123-32 [3013416] Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):389-99 [3755378] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(15):5424-8 [2426697] Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):645-52 [3742595] Cell. 1986 Sep 26;46(7):1053-61 [3463433] EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2231-6 [3780678] Nature. 1987 Jan 1-7;325(6099):75-8 [3025750] Nature. 1987 Jan 22-28;325(6102):365-8 [3808033] Cell. 1987 Apr 10;49(1):39-46 [3829127] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1986;51 Pt 2:751-8 [3472759] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(14):4841-5 [3474629] Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):941-51 [3690665] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Therapy of renal cell carcinoma with interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells: phase II experience with a hybrid bolus and continuous infusion interleukin-2 regimen. AN - 80034028; 2213100 AB - Forty-seven patients with metastatic or unresectable renal cell carcinoma were treated with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)-cell therapy, using a hybrid IL-2 regimen. IL-2 was administered initially by intravenous bolus (10(5) U/kg [Cetus Corp, Emeryville, CA] every 8 hours for 3 days) during the priming phase, and subsequently by continuous infusion (3 x 10(6) U/m2 for 6 days); during this second treatment period, in vitro-generated LAK cells were administered. Despite selection of patients for good performance status (PS) (29, PS 0; 18, PS 1) prior nephrectomy (43 of the 47 patients), and low tumor burden, the response rate was low (two complete [CRs] and two partial responses [PRs], for an overall objective response rate of 9%). Toxicity was comparable to that experienced with the high-dose bolus regimen. These results suggest that the dose and schedule of IL-2 administration may influence the likelihood of response to IL-2 in renal cell carcinoma. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Parkinson, D R AU - Fisher, R I AU - Rayner, A A AU - Paietta, E AU - Margolin, K A AU - Weiss, G R AU - Mier, J W AU - Sznol, M AU - Gaynor, E R AU - Bar, M H AD - National Cancer Institute IL-2/LAK Extramural Working Group, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1630 EP - 1636 VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Anuria -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Hypotension -- etiology KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Remission Induction KW - Infusions, Intravenous -- methods KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- therapy KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotherapy, Adoptive KW - Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated -- transplantation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80034028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Therapy+of+renal+cell+carcinoma+with+interleukin-2+and+lymphokine-activated+killer+cells%3A+phase+II+experience+with+a+hybrid+bolus+and+continuous+infusion+interleukin-2+regimen.&rft.au=Parkinson%2C+D+R%3BFisher%2C+R+I%3BRayner%2C+A+A%3BPaietta%2C+E%3BMargolin%2C+K+A%3BWeiss%2C+G+R%3BMier%2C+J+W%3BSznol%2C+M%3BGaynor%2C+E+R%3BBar%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Parkinson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma: a phase II study. AN - 80033726; 2213101 AB - Forty-seven patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with two 5-day cycles of 100,000 U/kg recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) intravenously (IV) every 4 hours separated by 1 week. This dose and schedule of IL-2 were identical to those used in a previous combined IL-2 and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell phase II clinical trial of the IL-2/LAK Working Group. Patient eligibility criteria, and clinical management guidelines were similar to those used in the previous trial. Forty-six patients were assessable for response. Objective responses were observed in 10 of 46 patients (two complete responses [CRs], eight partial responses [PRs]) or 22% with responses occurring in lung and liver as well as lymph nodes and subcutaneous sites. The median response duration was 8 months. Toxicity was significant; three patients developed myocardial infarction, and one patient died during therapy. Overall the toxicity and response rate for single-agent IL-2 are similar to that observed with IL-2 administered in combination with LAK cells in the previous trial. These results suggest that single-agent therapy with IL-2 when administered in this schedule has significant antimelanoma activity in humans, and that LAK cells generated from peripheral blood add little to the antimelanoma activity of this dose and schedule of IL-2. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Parkinson, D R AU - Abrams, J S AU - Wiernik, P H AU - Rayner, A A AU - Margolin, K A AU - Van Echo, D A AU - Sznol, M AU - Dutcher, J P AU - Aronson, F R AU - Doroshow, J H AD - National Cancer Institute IL-2/LAK Extramural Working Group, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1650 EP - 1656 VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Humans KW - Lung Neoplasms -- secondary KW - Hypotension -- etiology KW - Aged KW - Lung Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Liver Neoplasms -- secondary KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Liver Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Adult KW - Recombinant Proteins -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Middle Aged KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Male KW - Remission Induction KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- administration & dosage KW - Melanoma -- secondary KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Melanoma -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80033726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Interleukin-2+therapy+in+patients+with+metastatic+malignant+melanoma%3A+a+phase+II+study.&rft.au=Parkinson%2C+D+R%3BAbrams%2C+J+S%3BWiernik%2C+P+H%3BRayner%2C+A+A%3BMargolin%2C+K+A%3BVan+Echo%2C+D+A%3BSznol%2C+M%3BDutcher%2C+J+P%3BAronson%2C+F+R%3BDoroshow%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Parkinson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intraperitoneal lymphokine-activated killer-cell and interleukin-2 therapy for malignancies limited to the peritoneal cavity. AN - 80033711; 2213099 AB - Autologous lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) were administered intraperitoneally (IP) to 24 patients with malignancies limited to the peritoneal space. Ten patients had ovarian cancer, 12 had colorectal cancer, and one patient each had endometrial carcinoma and primary small-bowel adenocarcinoma. All ovarian cancer patients, three of twelve colorectal cancer patients, and one patient with endometrial carcinoma had received prior therapy. Patients received IL-2 100,000 U/kg every 8 hours intravenously (IV) for 3 days, and 2 days later underwent daily leukapheresis for 5 days. LAK cells were generated in vitro by incubating the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in IL-2 for 7 days and were then administered IP daily for 5 days through a Tenckhoff catheter (Davol, Inc, Cranston, RI) together with IL-2 25,000 U/kg IP every 8 hours. All but one patient completed at least one cycle of therapy. Toxic side effects included minor to moderate hypotension, fever, chills, rash, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, oliguria, fluid retention, thrombocytopenia, and minor elevations of liver function tests; all of these rapidly improved after discontinuation of IL-2. One patient had a grand mal seizure, and one suffered a colonic perforation; these were felt to be treatment-related. IP fibrosis developed in 14 patients and limited repeated cyclic administration of this therapy in five patients. Two of 10 (20%) ovarian cancer patients and five of 12 (42%) colorectal cancer patients had laparoscopy- or laparotomy-documented partial responses. We conclude that LAK cells and rIL-2 can be administered IP to cancer patients, resulting in moderate to severe short-term toxicity and modest therapeutic efficacy. Further investigation of this form of adoptive immunotherapy modified to address the problem of IP fibrosis and with lower IP IL-2 doses is justified by these initial results. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Steis, R G AU - Urba, W J AU - VanderMolen, L A AU - Bookman, M A AU - Smith, J W AU - Clark, J W AU - Miller, R L AU - Crum, E D AU - Beckner, S K AU - McKnight, J E AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1618 EP - 1629 VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Peritoneal Cavity -- pathology KW - Fibrosis KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Infusions, Parenteral KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Adult KW - Recombinant Proteins -- adverse effects KW - Middle Aged KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Male KW - Remission Induction KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- administration & dosage KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotherapy, Adoptive KW - Peritoneal Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated -- transplantation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80033711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Intraperitoneal+lymphokine-activated+killer-cell+and+interleukin-2+therapy+for+malignancies+limited+to+the+peritoneal+cavity.&rft.au=Steis%2C+R+G%3BUrba%2C+W+J%3BVanderMolen%2C+L+A%3BBookman%2C+M+A%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BClark%2C+J+W%3BMiller%2C+R+L%3BCrum%2C+E+D%3BBeckner%2C+S+K%3BMcKnight%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Steis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Myocarditis or acute myocardial infarction associated with interleukin-2 therapy for cancer. AN - 80018479; 2208002 AB - The hearts of eight patients aged 22 to 67 years (mean, 41 years) who died during or within 4 days of interleukin-2 (IL-2) based immunotherapy for treatment of renal cell carcinoma or melanoma were studied at necropsy. Death resulted from combined cardiorespiratory failure in two patients, sepsis in four patients, acute myocardial infarction in one patient, and myocarditis in one patient. Transmural left ventricular necrosis was present in one of the two patients with significant atherosclerotic coronary artery narrowing. Noninfectious myocarditis was present in five patients: the inflammatory infiltrate was lymphocytic in four and composed of a mixture of eosinophils and lymphocytes in one. Although treatment-related deaths associated with high-dose IL-2 therapy are uncommon (1.5% in 652 consecutive patients), the potential for significant myocardial ischemia or myocarditis exists, and careful monitoring for arrhythmias or myocardial failure is warranted. JF - Cancer AU - Kragel, A H AU - Travis, W D AU - Steis, R G AU - Rosenberg, S A AU - Roberts, W C AD - Pathology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 01 SP - 1513 EP - 1516 VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0008-543X, 0008-543X KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Necrosis -- chemically induced KW - Myocardium -- pathology KW - Humans KW - Melanoma -- drug therapy KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- drug therapy KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Female KW - Myocardial Infarction -- pathology KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Myocardial Infarction -- chemically induced KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Myocarditis -- pathology KW - Myocarditis -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80018479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer&rft.atitle=Myocarditis+or+acute+myocardial+infarction+associated+with+interleukin-2+therapy+for+cancer.&rft.au=Kragel%2C+A+H%3BTravis%2C+W+D%3BSteis%2C+R+G%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A%3BRoberts%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Kragel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer&rft.issn=0008543X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host-cell reactivation of cisplatin-damaged pRSVcat in a human lymphoid cell line. AN - 80018036; 2170046 AB - A method has been developed for studying host-cell reactivation of cisplatin-damaged plasmid DNA in human T lymphocytes. Parameters of electroporation were established for transfection of the shuttle vector pRSV cat into H9 cells, and a rapid single-vial assay was used for measurement of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in extracts of transfected cells. pRSVcat was modified with cisplatin to defined levels ranging from 5 to 40 platinum molecules per plasmid, and then transfected into H9 cells. Graded reductions in CAT activity were observed with increasing levels of platination of the plasmid. At 40 platinum molecules per plasmid, CAT activity was reduced to levels of the negative controls. The efficiency of electroporation-mediated transfer of plasmid into H9 cells was not reduced by high levels of cisplatin modification. The level of modification effecting a 63% reduction in CAT gene expression (the B0), was found to be 17 cisplatin molecules per plasmid. This assay system offers a rapid and sensitive method for assessing the capability of human lymphoid cells to reactivate cisplatin-damaged plasmid DNA. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Dabholkar, M AU - Eastman, A AU - Reed, E AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1761 EP - 1764 VL - 11 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.28 KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Index Medicus KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- genetics KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Avian Sarcoma Viruses -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - T-Lymphocytes KW - Transfection KW - DNA Damage KW - Cisplatin -- pharmacology KW - Plasmids -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80018036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Host-cell+reactivation+of+cisplatin-damaged+pRSVcat+in+a+human+lymphoid+cell+line.&rft.au=Dabholkar%2C+M%3BEastman%2C+A%3BReed%2C+E&rft.aulast=Dabholkar&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced therapeutic efficacy against an ovarian tumor xenograft of immunotoxins used in conjunction with recombinant alpha-interferon. AN - 80006151; 2144790 AB - The antitumor effects of two immunotoxins were evaluated in vitro and in vivo against the human ovarian carcinoma cell line, OVCAR-3. The immunotoxins used were composed of recombinant ricin A chain (rRTA) covalently attached to a monoclonal antibody directed toward the human transferrin receptor (45412/rRTA, also called 454A12 MAB-rRTA by Cetus Corporation) or Pseudomonas exotoxin coupled to an anticarcinoma monoclonal antibody (NR-LU-10/PE). Preliminary characterization of the NR-LU-10 antigen by immunoprecipitation and cellular fluorescence demonstrated two dominant cell surface polypeptide moieties with molecular weights of 40,000 and 45,000 and a minor component with a molecular weight of 33,000. The immunotoxins were used alone or in combination with recombinant human alpha-interferon (rhIFN-alpha). Protein synthesis was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in OVCA-3 cells incubated in vitro with either NR-LU-10/PE or 454A12/rRTA (50% inhibitory concentrations, 1 and 75 ng/ml, respectively). Unconjugated NR-LU-10 or 454A12 abrogated the activity of the relevant immunotoxins. Concomitant incubation in vitro of OVCAR-3 cells with NR-LU-10/PE or 454A12/rRTA and a noncytotoxic concentration of rhIFN-alpha potentiated the inhibitory activity of the immunotoxins via a mechanism independent of antigenic upregulation. This potentially synergistic combination was then tested in vivo. The median survival time (MST) of mice given injections i.p. of 4 x 10(6) OVCAR-3 cells was 46 days. Cohorts of mice that received intracavitary treatment beginning 5 days posttumor cell inoculation with either 0.25 or 0.5 microgram of NR-LU-10/PE every other day for a total of 10 treatments exhibited a significantly increased MST of 63 and 104 days, respectively (P less than 0.0001). Likewise, the i.p. injection of either 2.5 or 10 micrograms of 454A12/rRTA given in an identical schedule resulted in a MST of 89 and greater than 120 days, respectively (P less than 0.0001). When rhIFN-alpha was administered i.p. in conjunction with those doses of either immunotoxin, a significant increase in the MST was observed in comparison with mice given immunotoxin alone. The combination of 5 x 10(4) units of rhIFN-alpha and 0.25 microgram of NR-LU-10/PE resulted in 67% long-term survivors (greater than 120 days) compared with only 13% survival of mice given the immunotoxin alone. Similarly, 2.5 micrograms of 454A12/rRTA plus rhIFN-alpha resulted in an enhanced therapeutic response (89% long-term survivors) when compared with 454A12/rRTA alone (29%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Cancer research AU - Pearson, J W AU - Hedrick, E AU - Fogler, W E AU - Bull, R L AU - Ferris, D K AU - Riggs, C W AU - Wiltrout, R H AU - Sivam, G AU - Morgan, A C AU - Groves, E AD - Biological Response Modifiers Program, NCI-FCRDC, Maryland 21702-1201. Y1 - 1990/10/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 01 SP - 6379 EP - 6388 VL - 50 IS - 19 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunotoxins KW - Interferon Type I KW - Receptors, Transferrin KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Animals KW - Ascites -- therapy KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Interferon Type I -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, Transferrin -- immunology KW - Exotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80006151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Enhanced+therapeutic+efficacy+against+an+ovarian+tumor+xenograft+of+immunotoxins+used+in+conjunction+with+recombinant+alpha-interferon.&rft.au=Pearson%2C+J+W%3BHedrick%2C+E%3BFogler%2C+W+E%3BBull%2C+R+L%3BFerris%2C+D+K%3BRiggs%2C+C+W%3BWiltrout%2C+R+H%3BSivam%2C+G%3BMorgan%2C+A+C%3BGroves%2C+E&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combinations of retinoic acid with either sodium butyrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, or hexamethylene bisacetamide synergistically induce differentiation of the human myeloid leukemia cell line HL60. AN - 80005706; 2400989 AB - All-trans-retinoic acid (RA), sodium n-butyrate (NaB), hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) induce differentiation of the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL60. In the clinic, RA, NaB, or HMBA induce complete or partial remissions. However, the achievement and maintenance of effective plasma concentrations and toxicity have been problems. These difficulties led us to study the interaction of RA with these inducers. We found that combinations of RA with either NaB, HMBA, or DMSO synergistically induced terminal differentiation of HL60. A measure of the effectiveness of these combinations was that the doses of NaB, HMBA, and DMSO required alone to induce half-maximal differentiation were decreased about 4-fold in combination with normal plasma concentrations of about 30 nM RA. RA or NaB alone did not enhance the growth of HL60 cells. In contrast, HMBA or DMSO alone increased growth of HL60 cells even at concentrations that did not induce differentiation. The addition of RA reduced the promotion of growth and increased the extent of terminal differentiation seen with HMBA and DMSO alone. These data suggest that treatment of some malignancies with combinations of RA with HMBA or NaB may maintain differentiation-inducing effects and decrease the problems associated with the achievement and maintenance of effective plasma concentrations as single agents. JF - Cancer research AU - Breitman, T R AU - He, R Y AD - Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 01 SP - 6268 EP - 6273 VL - 50 IS - 19 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Acetamides KW - 0 KW - Butyrates KW - Drug Combinations KW - Butyric Acid KW - 107-92-6 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - hexamethylene bisacetamide KW - LA133J59VU KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Interactions KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- pharmacology KW - Acetamides -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- drug therapy KW - Butyrates -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80005706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Combinations+of+retinoic+acid+with+either+sodium+butyrate%2C+dimethyl+sulfoxide%2C+or+hexamethylene+bisacetamide+synergistically+induce+differentiation+of+the+human+myeloid+leukemia+cell+line+HL60.&rft.au=Breitman%2C+T+R%3BHe%2C+R+Y&rft.aulast=Breitman&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - K-ras activation in neoplasms of the human female reproductive tract. AN - 80003718; 2205377 AB - The role of cellular oncogenes in the development of epithelial tumors of the human female reproductive tract has not previously been extensively studied. DNAs isolated from ten human uterine, 13 ovarian, and four cervical neoplasms and from three cell lines derived from endometrial adenocarcinoma were investigated by dot blot hybridization after polymerase chain reaction amplification of ras gene sequences and in some cases by NIH 3T3 transfection. Transforming activity was found in two of nine endometrial adenocarcinomas, but none of seven ovarian carcinomas and none of four cervical carcinomas showed transforming activity. K-ras sequences with a GGT----GAT mutation in codon 12 were demonstrated in both transformants derived from endometrial carcinoma. K-ras codon 12 mutations were similarly detected in six of 13 endometrial carcinomas (one GAT and GCT, one GTT and GCT, two GAT, two GTT) and two of 13 ovarian tumors (GAT and GCT, GAT), both mucinous adenocarcinomas. Point mutation of K-ras in codon 12 is thus comparably frequent in uterine endometrial carcinomas and in colorectal carcinomas and may have similar significance as an event that contributes to progression of these tumors. Cervical carcinomas and ovarian tumors in general, with the possible exception of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, do not appear to have this characteristic. JF - Cancer research AU - Enomoto, T AU - Inoue, M AU - Perantoni, A O AU - Terakawa, N AU - Tanizawa, O AU - Rice, J M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201. Y1 - 1990/10/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 01 SP - 6139 EP - 6145 VL - 50 IS - 19 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Humans KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Mice, Nude KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics KW - Female KW - Genes, ras KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Mutation KW - Genital Neoplasms, Female -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80003718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=K-ras+activation+in+neoplasms+of+the+human+female+reproductive+tract.&rft.au=Enomoto%2C+T%3BInoue%2C+M%3BPerantoni%2C+A+O%3BTerakawa%2C+N%3BTanizawa%2C+O%3BRice%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Enomoto&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence that high mannose glycopeptides are able to functionally interact with recombinant tumor necrosis factor and recombinant interleukin 1. AN - 80002136; 2400992 AB - Both recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) and recombinant interleukin 1 (rIL-1) are able to mediate vascular collapse and death in a previously described murine model, using galactosamine to enhance the toxicity of these cytokines. Unexpectedly, both acid-treated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and a site-specifically mutagenized form of interleukin 1 (IL-1) (His-30----Arg-30), which fails to bind to the IL-1 receptor, retain full in vivo toxicity in this model of TNF- and IL-1-mediated shock. Previous studies have shown that rTNF and rIL-1 exhibit two functionally distinct binding regions. Both cytokines bind to their respective cell surface receptors and they also express lectin like binding specificity (Muchmore and Decker, J. Biol. Chem., 261: 13404-13407, 1986; Muchmore and Decker, J. Immunol., 138: 2541-2546, 1987) for defined oligosaccharides. The specificity of these two types of interactions is quite different. Cell surface receptors for IL-1 and TNF demonstrate essentially no cross-reactivity, whereas, in the case of carbohydrate binding, competition studies reveal an almost identical carbohydrate specificity for the structure Man5(6)GlcNAc2-Asn. Man5(6)GlcNAc2-Asn binding is either unaffected or actually enhanced by either acid treatment of rTNF or mutation at His-30 for rIL-1. Both deoxymannojirimycin and swainsonine, inhibitors of glycoprotein processing, raise intracellular levels of Man5-9GlcNAc2 and enhance the in vitro biological activity of both rTNF and rIL-1. Conversely, castanosperimine, a glucosidase I inhibitor which blocks the synthesis of mature high mannose structures, inhibits the biological activity of IL-1. These observations support the hypothesis that some effects of IL-1 and TNF may involve interaction with high mannose-substituted glycoproteins. JF - Cancer research AU - Muchmore, A AU - Decker, J AU - Shaw, A AU - Wingfield, P AD - Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20205. Y1 - 1990/10/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Oct 01 SP - 6285 EP - 6290 VL - 50 IS - 19 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Glycopeptides KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Galactosamine KW - 7535-00-4 KW - Mannose KW - PHA4727WTP KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Proteins -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Galactosamine -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Interactions KW - Chemistry KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Galactosamine -- toxicity KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Premedication KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- toxicity KW - Interleukin-1 -- metabolism KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Mannose -- metabolism KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-1 -- toxicity KW - Glycopeptides -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Evidence+that+high+mannose+glycopeptides+are+able+to+functionally+interact+with+recombinant+tumor+necrosis+factor+and+recombinant+interleukin+1.&rft.au=Muchmore%2C+A%3BDecker%2C+J%3BShaw%2C+A%3BWingfield%2C+P&rft.aulast=Muchmore&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hydrocortisone on the ability of thyrotropin to increase deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and iodide uptake in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells: opposite regulation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate signal action. AN - 80001779; 2169405 AB - In FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells, hydrocortisone alters two TSH-increased cAMP-mediated activities in an opposite manner. Thus, in a concentration-dependent fashion, hydrocortisone synergistically enhances TSH-increased thymidine incorporation into DNA, whereas it inhibits TSH-induced iodide uptake. The effect of hydrocortisone on TSH-increased thymidine incorporation is specific, in that it has only a minimal ability by itself to increase thymidine incorporation into DNA and slightly inhibits the activity of insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I. The effect of hydrocortisone on TSH-induced iodide uptake does not result from altered iodide efflux, but, rather, from a decrease in the maximal velocity, not the Km, of iodide influx, i.e. from a decrease in the effective number of iodide porters. The action of a cAMP analog to increase thymidine incorporation into DNA or iodide uptake was also increased or decreased, respectively, by hydrocortisone, whereas hydrocortisone did not diminish the ability of TSH to increase cAMP levels in the cells. The different effect of hydrocortisone on these two cAMP-mediated activities reflects, therefore, regulation of cAMP signal action rather than the ability of TSH to generate a cAMP signal. Twenty-four hours after TSH, actinomycin-D superinduces iodide uptake and abolishes the action of hydrocortisone to inhibit iodide uptake. It has been suggested that actinomycin-D superinduces iodide uptake in FRTL-5 cells by a posttranscriptional action, inhibition of mRNA degradation, rather than by its known transcriptional actions linked to DNA synthesis. More recent studies of the effect of actinomycin-D, given under identical circumstances, on TSH-stimulated malic enzyme mRNA levels directly validate this hypothesis. We, thus, suggest that the opposite action of hydrocortisone on the two cAMP-mediated activities may reflect positive and negative regulation of the action of cAMP at different steps in the transduction process, one being transcriptional (DNA synthesis) and the other posttranscriptional (induction of iodide porter activity). JF - Endocrinology AU - Saji, M AU - Kohn, L D AD - Section on Cell Regulation, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1867 EP - 1876 VL - 127 IS - 4 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Iodides KW - 0 KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Dactinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Drug Synergism KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Biological Transport -- drug effects KW - Hydrocortisone -- pharmacology KW - Thyrotropin -- pharmacology KW - Iodides -- metabolism KW - Thyroid Gland -- drug effects KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Signal Transduction KW - Thyroid Gland -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80001779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hydrocortisone+on+the+ability+of+thyrotropin+to+increase+deoxyribonucleic+acid+synthesis+and+iodide+uptake+in+FRTL-5+rat+thyroid+cells%3A+opposite+regulation+of+adenosine+3%27%2C5%27-monophosphate+signal+action.&rft.au=Saji%2C+M%3BKohn%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Saji&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CSF gamma-aminobutyric acid in alcoholics and control subjects. AN - 79999829; 2399995 AB - Alcohol has widespread effects on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in the brain. This system in the brain is also postulated to have a role in anxiety, and alcoholics have been reported to have more anxiety disorders. Therefore, the authors undertook a study to compare CSF levels of GABA in abstinent alcoholic patients and normal control subjects. There was no significant difference between groups in CSF levels of GABA. Also, there was no significant difference in GABA level between alcoholic patients with histories of withdrawal seizures and those without such a history. JF - The American journal of psychiatry AU - Roy, A AU - DeJong, J AU - Ferraro, T AU - Adinoff, B AU - Ravitz, B AU - Linnoila, M AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1294 EP - 1296 VL - 147 IS - 10 SN - 0002-953X, 0002-953X KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Seizures -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Age Factors KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- etiology KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Sexual Abstinence KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcohol Drinking KW - Male KW - Female KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79999829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.atitle=CSF+gamma-aminobutyric+acid+in+alcoholics+and+control+subjects.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BDeJong%2C+J%3BFerraro%2C+T%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.issn=0002953X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulates chick pineal melatonin production and interacts with other stimulatory and inhibitory agents but does not show alpha 1-adrenergic potentiation. AN - 79995622; 1697888 AB - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is known to mimic the effects of beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the rat pineal, including marked potentiation by alpha 1-adrenergic receptor stimulation, and to cause increased melatonin synthesis. In contrast, the chick pineal does not respond to beta-adrenergic stimulation, and melatonin synthesis is inhibited by norepinephrine via an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor. The present experiments show that chick pineal cells in primary culture do, however, respond to VIP with increased melatonin production. The effect of VIP was inhibited by addition of norepinephrine or of nitrendipine or by exposing the cells to "unexpected" white light. Stimulation by VIP was enhanced by addition of forskolin or Bay K 8644 but not by alpha 1-adrenergic receptor stimulations. Although stimulation by VIP appears similar in the chick pineal to that seen in the rat pineal and other systems, "dual-receptor regulation," at least with alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, appears to be absent. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Zatz, M AU - Kasper, G AU - Marquez, C R AD - Section on Biochemical Pharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 1149 EP - 1153 VL - 55 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha KW - 0 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Phenylephrine KW - 1WS297W6MV KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Yohimbine KW - 2Y49VWD90Q KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester KW - 71145-03-4 KW - Nitrendipine KW - 9B627AW319 KW - Melatonin KW - JL5DK93RCL KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Nitrendipine -- pharmacology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Yohimbine -- pharmacology KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester -- pharmacology KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Chickens KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Kinetics KW - Light KW - Phenylephrine -- pharmacology KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- pharmacology KW - Pineal Gland -- metabolism KW - Melatonin -- biosynthesis KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- drug effects KW - Pineal Gland -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79995622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Vasoactive+intestinal+peptide+stimulates+chick+pineal+melatonin+production+and+interacts+with+other+stimulatory+and+inhibitory+agents+but+does+not+show+alpha+1-adrenergic+potentiation.&rft.au=Zatz%2C+M%3BKasper%2C+G%3BMarquez%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Zatz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lack of ecotropic virus involvement in induction of lymphomas in DBA/2J mice by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. AN - 79993686; 2168996 AB - DBA/2 mice carry a single endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia provirus, Emv-3, that is replication defective because of a single nucleotide substitution in codon 3 of p15gag. However, when weanling DBA/2 mice are treated percutaneously with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), ecotropic virus replication is induced in almost all of the treated mice. Previous studies have shown that this induction results from DMBA-induced reverse mutations in codon 3 that allow efficient virus replication. In addition to ecotropic virus replication, DMBA also induces lymphomas in 100% of the treated mice. These results have raised the possibility that ecotropic virus replication is causally associated with the development of lymphomas in DBA/2 mice, perhaps via the insertional activation or mutation of cellular proto-oncogenes. To test this possibility, we compared lymphoma incidence after percutaneous DMBA treatment in DBA/2J-dv/dv mice, which carry two copies of Emv-3, with lymphoma incidence in DBA/2J-d+18J/d+18J mice, which lost both copies of Emv-3 by homologous recombination involving the long terminal repeat sequences. The results of this study conclusively demonstrated that Emv-3 is not causally associated with the development of DMBA-induced lymphomas in DBA/2J mice. Interestingly, histopathological and molecular analyses of the lymphomas indicated that the majority of the lymphomas in both strains of mice were of the B-cell lineage. This was unanticipated, since the majority of chemically induced lymphomas in other inbred strains are thymic lymphomas, presumably of the T-cell lineage. Thus, DBA/2 mice appear to present a unique model system for the investigation of chemically induced B-cell lymphomas in mice. JF - Journal of virology AU - Mercer, J A AU - Jenkins, N A AU - Copeland, N G AD - Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 5199 EP - 5203 VL - 64 IS - 10 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte KW - Genes, Immunoglobulin KW - Gene Rearrangement KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Virus Replication KW - Lymphoma -- microbiology KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- physiology KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- genetics KW - Defective Viruses -- genetics KW - Lymphoma -- genetics KW - Lymphoma -- chemically induced KW - Lymphoma -- immunology KW - Defective Viruses -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79993686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Lack+of+ecotropic+virus+involvement+in+induction+of+lymphomas+in+DBA%2F2J+mice+by+7%2C12-dimethylbenz%28a%29anthracene.&rft.au=Mercer%2C+J+A%3BJenkins%2C+N+A%3BCopeland%2C+N+G&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):538-42 [2105486] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1989;149:45-57 [2543543] J Virol. 1985 Jan;53(1):94-9 [2981367] Biochem Genet. 1972 Apr;6(2):157-68 [4666754] Genetics. 1973 Aug;74(4):655-9 [4750810] Cancer Res. 1978 Mar;38(3):729-35 [203389] J Exp Med. 1978 Feb 1;147(2):459-69 [624906] Cancer Res. 1979 Apr;39(4):1154-8 [105803] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 Apr;64(4):845-56 [6928996] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1980;44 Pt 2,:1133-41 [6253188] Nature. 1981 Oct 1;293(5831):370-4 [6268990] J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):26-36 [6287001] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Jan;70(1):169-79 [6337290] Nature. 1983 Apr 14;302(5909):575-81 [6300689] Virology. 1983 Mar;125(2):454-67 [6836917] Nature. 1983 May 5-11;303(5912):72-4 [6843661] Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):955-6 [6302839] Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):379-87 [6305507] Nature. 1983 Dec 15-21;306(5944):658-61 [6318112] Nature. 1984 Feb 16-22;307(5952):658-60 [6694757] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):202-5 [6582476] Cell. 1984 May;37(1):113-22 [6327047] Cell. 1984 May;37(1):141-50 [6327049] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7612-6 [6095310] Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9 [3966163] Cell. 1985 Feb;40(2):225-9 [3917857] EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3215-22 [6098468] Nature. 1985 Feb 21-27;313(6004):647-53 [3156277] Nature. 1986 Jul 3-9;322(6074):78-80 [3014349] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):5825-9 [3016723] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):6048-52 [3016738] Int J Cancer. 1986 Nov 15;38(5):739-45 [3021636] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2716-20 [3785207] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):4088-92 [3025631] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):4104-8 [3099168] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4236-43 [3025647] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Jan;8(1):163-72 [3026678] J Exp Med. 1987 Aug 1;166(2):565-70 [3598466] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(17):6317-21 [3476947] Leukemia. 1987 Mar;1(3):155-62 [2889854] J Virol. 1988 Feb;62(2):479-87 [2826810] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):189-92 [3422417] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2233-6 [3290653] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3217-23 [2841473] Oncogene Res. 1987;2(1):33-48 [3505665] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3070-4 [2654935] J Virol. 1990 May;64(5):2245-9 [2157883] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A small v-sis/platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-protein domain in which subtle conformational changes abrogate PDGF receptor interaction and transforming activity. AN - 79991623; 1697931 AB - Deletion scanning mutagenesis within the transforming region of the v-sis oncogene was used to dissect structure-function relationships. Mutations affecting codons within a domain encoding amino acids 136 through 148 had no effect upon homodimer formation or recognition by antisera which detect determinants dependent upon native intrachain disulfide linkages, yet the same mutations completely abolished transforming activity. A platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF B) monoclonal antibody that prevents its interaction with PDGF receptors recognized v-sis, delta 142 (deletion of codon 142), and delta 148 but not delta 136, delta 137, or delta 139 mutants. These findings mapped the epitope recognized by this monoclonal antibody to include amino acid residues 136 to 139. Furthermore, mutations in the codon 136 to 148 domain caused markedly impaired ability to induce PDGF receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. Thus, subtle conformational alterations in this small domain critically affect PDGF receptor recognition and/or functional activation. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Giese, N AU - LaRochelle, W J AU - May-Siroff, M AU - Robbins, K C AU - Aaronson, S A AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/10// PY - 1990 DA - October 1990 SP - 5496 EP - 5501 VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Codon KW - Epitopes KW - Oncogene Proteins v-sis KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic KW - Phosphotyrosine KW - 21820-51-9 KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Mice KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Tyrosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- physiology KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79991623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=A+small+v-sis%2Fplatelet-derived+growth+factor+%28PDGF%29+B-protein+domain+in+which+subtle+conformational+changes+abrogate+PDGF+receptor+interaction+and+transforming+activity.&rft.au=Giese%2C+N%3BLaRochelle%2C+W+J%3BMay-Siroff%2C+M%3BRobbins%2C+K+C%3BAaronson%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Giese&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):155-69 [3013421] Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456-67 [4705382] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8771-8 [2542288] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 15;264(20):11699-705 [2545680] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):4917-21 [2544881] Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1309-12 [2479987] Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):800-4 [2536956] Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1315-8 [3035718] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Mar;8(3):1011-8 [2835654] Science. 1988 Jun 3;240(4857):1310-6 [2836950] Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):327-30 [2996133] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5295-9 [2991916] EMBO J. 1985 Jul;4(7):1783-92 [2992941] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Aug;9(8):3538-42 [2477688] Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1306-9 [2479986] Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1330-6 [2466339] J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):16493-8 [2460450] Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1197-9 [6095451] Oncogene. 1987 Mar;1(1):79-85 [3325876] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1304-14 [3785165] Nature. 1986 Apr 24-30;320(6064):695-9 [3754619] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(2):488-92 [3881765] Science. 1990 Jun 22;248(4962):1541-4 [2163109] Nature. 1983 Jul 7-13;304(5921):35-9 [6306471] Nature. 1983 Oct 13-19;305(5935):605-8 [6312326] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Feb;80(3):731-5 [6298772] Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):275-7 [6304883] Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1131-3 [6293053] Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Oct 25;10(20):6487-500 [6757864] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2072-6 [7017722] Cell. 1977 May;11(1):223-32 [194704] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1809-13 [287022] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3722-6 [291037] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8905-12 [2542295] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenesis of Pseudomonas exotoxin in identification of sequences responsible for the animal toxicity. AN - 79991124; 2118903 AB - Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) is composed of three structural domains that are responsible for cell recognition, membrane translocation, and ADP-ribosylation. The deletion of the cell recognition domain (domain Ia) of PE results in a molecule that does not bind to target cells and has low toxicity in mice (Hwang, J., FitzGerald, D.J.P., Adhya, S., and Pastan, I. (1987) Cell 48, 129-136). To determine the specific sequences required for cell binding as well as cell and animal toxicity, a series of domain I mutants was constructed. Using a T7 promoter-based expression system and an OmpA signal sequence, large amounts of the various mutant toxins were secreted into the periplasm from which they were easily purified in milligram quantities. The data indicate that amino acids at positions 246, 247, and 249 have an important role in the toxicity of PE. Conversion of these amino acids to glutamic acid or glycine but not to lysine or deletion of amino acids 241-250 diminishes the toxicity of PE. When combined with a mutation at position 57 a molecule is created that has very low toxicity against cultured cells or in mice. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - Jinno, Y AU - Gallo, M G AU - FitzGerald, D AU - Pastan, I AD - Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 25 SP - 16306 EP - 16310 VL - 265 IS - 27 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Models, Molecular KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Plasmids KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Hydrogen Bonding KW - Cell Line KW - Protein Conformation KW - Bacterial Toxins -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- toxicity KW - Mutation KW - Exotoxins -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79991124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Mutagenesis+of+Pseudomonas+exotoxin+in+identification+of+sequences+responsible+for+the+animal+toxicity.&rft.au=Chaudhary%2C+V+K%3BJinno%2C+Y%3BGallo%2C+M+G%3BFitzGerald%2C+D%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Chaudhary&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-09-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=16306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and characterization of the hamster gadd153 gene. Activation of promoter activity by agents that damage DNA. AN - 79990510; 2398062 AB - A group of five cDNA clones, representing the gadd genes, were recently isolated from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells as genes induced upon growth arrest and after DNA damage (Fornace, A. J., Jr., Nebert, D. W., Hollander, M. C., Luethy, J. D., Papathanasiou, M., Fargnoli, J., and Holbrook, N. J. (1989) Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 4196-4203). We have isolated and characterized one of these genes, gadd153. The gene spans five kilobases and contains four exons. The 5'-flanking region of the gene, within 420 base pairs of the transcription initiation site, contains a number of cis elements associated with transcriptional regulation in other genes. These include a Hogness box, ATAAAA, an inverted GCCAAT box; seven SP1 transcription factor binding sites, and an AP-1 site. This region is rich in G + C content (greater than 70%) and contains an unusually long stretch of alternating CpG residues. The 800-base pair region immediately upstream of the transcription start site can drive expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, but only in its endogenous orientation, in three different cell lines: HeLa, CHO, and Jurkat. The gadd153 promoter is strongly activated by methyl methanesulfonate, hydrogen peroxide, and UV irradiation, but not by growth arrest signals. This suggests that separate and very different regulatory pathways are involved in the induction of the gadd153 gene by growth cessation and DNA damage. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Luethy, J D AU - Fargnoli, J AU - Park, J S AU - Fornace, A J AU - Holbrook, N J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/09/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 25 SP - 16521 EP - 16526 VL - 265 IS - 27 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Prostaglandins A KW - 0 KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate KW - AT5C31J09G KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - prostaglandin A2 KW - K6VT5BDY9E KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - HeLa Cells -- metabolism KW - HeLa Cells -- drug effects KW - Cricetulus KW - Prostaglandins A -- pharmacology KW - Exons KW - Humans KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Base Sequence KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Introns KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Gene Library KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- radiation effects KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- radiation effects KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79990510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+characterization+of+the+hamster+gadd153+gene.+Activation+of+promoter+activity+by+agents+that+damage+DNA.&rft.au=Luethy%2C+J+D%3BFargnoli%2C+J%3BPark%2C+J+S%3BFornace%2C+A+J%3BHolbrook%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Luethy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-09-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=16521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - J05613; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IL2-PE664Glu, a new chimeric protein cytotoxic to human-activated T lymphocytes. AN - 79989528; 1975810 AB - To produce a molecule that will kill activated T cells as well as lymphomas and leukemias expressing interleukin 2 (IL2) receptors, we have created a recombinant chimeric protein in which IL2 is attached in peptide linkage to a truncated mutant form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) (Lorberboum-Galski, H., FitzGerald, D.J.P., Chandhary, V.K., Adhya, S., and Pastan, I. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 1922-1926). Although this molecule was very active on rodent cells, it had lower activity on some human cell types. A new chimeric protein termed IL2-PE664Glu has been constructed that is extremely toxic to both phytohemagglutinin blasts and mixed leukocyte reaction blasts prepared from monkey and human lymphocytes. The chimeric gene encoding this protein was constructed by fusing a cDNA clone for human interleukin 2 to the 5' end of a mutated cDNA encoding a full-length PE molecule. Four amino acids in domain I of PE were changed thus decreasing its nonspecific toxicity. IL2-PE664Glu is a much more active cytotoxic molecule for primate and human-activated T cells than IL2-PE40 which is a chimeric protein that was found to be an effective immunosuppressive agent in rodent models. Our results indicate that IL2-PE664Glu should be evaluated as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of human immune disorders in which activated T cells expressing the IL2 receptor are prominent. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Lorberboum-Galski, H AU - Garsia, R J AU - Gately, M AU - Brown, P S AU - Clark, R E AU - Waldmann, T A AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 25 SP - 16311 EP - 16317 VL - 265 IS - 27 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - Glutamates KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - interleukin 2-PE66(4Glu) protein, recombinant KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- genetics KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Humans KW - Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Recombinant Proteins -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Base Sequence KW - Chimera KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- physiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Species Specificity KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- drug effects KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Interleukin-2 -- toxicity KW - Exotoxins -- toxicity KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79989528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=IL2-PE664Glu%2C+a+new+chimeric+protein+cytotoxic+to+human-activated+T+lymphocytes.&rft.au=Lorberboum-Galski%2C+H%3BGarsia%2C+R+J%3BGately%2C+M%3BBrown%2C+P+S%3BClark%2C+R+E%3BWaldmann%2C+T+A%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Lorberboum-Galski&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-09-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=16311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxicity of IL6-PE40 and derivatives on tumor cells expressing a range of interleukin 6 receptor levels. AN - 79989493; 2118904 AB - The chimeric toxin IL6-PE40, which is composed of interleukin 6 (IL6) fused to a mutant form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) devoid of its native cell recognition domain, can kill myeloma and hepatoma cells which express high levels of IL6 receptors. To enhance the usefulness of IL6-PE40 on potential target cells, we have attempted to develop more potent IL6-PE derivatives. We have developed nine new IL6-PE derivatives and assessed their cytotoxicity on human myeloma cells. Two of these new forms, IL6-domain II-PE40 and IL6-PE664Glu were more toxic to myeloma cells bearing IL6 receptors than was IL6-PE40. These two chimeric toxins were compared with IL6-PE40 for cytotoxicity toward a variety of tumor cell lines. We found that most tumor cell lines which are sensitive to IL6-PE40 are more sensitive to IL6-domain II-PE40 and IL6-PE664Glu. Cells with as few as 200-600 IL6 receptors/cell could be killed. The specificity of these chimeric toxins was shown through competition with recombinant IL6. Toxicity studies in mice demonstrated that the two new molecules had an LD50 of 10-20 micrograms/mouse. This compares to an IL6-PE40 LD50 of 20 micrograms/mouse. The new IL6-toxins could be detected in the serum up to 8 h after intraperitoneal administration with a peak at 1 h. These data suggest that IL6-domain II-PE40 and IL6-PE664Glu may be more useful than IL6-PE40 in killing IL6 receptor-bearing tumor cells in animals. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Siegall, C B AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 25 SP - 16318 EP - 16323 VL - 265 IS - 27 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - IL-6-PE40 protein, chimeric KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Receptors, Immunologic KW - Receptors, Interleukin-6 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- genetics KW - Chimera KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Bacterial Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Immunologic -- physiology KW - Interleukin-6 -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-6 -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Exotoxins -- toxicity KW - Interleukin-6 -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- toxicity KW - Interleukin-6 -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79989493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Cytotoxicity+of+IL6-PE40+and+derivatives+on+tumor+cells+expressing+a+range+of+interleukin+6+receptor+levels.&rft.au=Siegall%2C+C+B%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Siegall&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-09-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=16318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selecting drug combinations based on total equivalent dose (dose intensity) AN - 79966476; 2118188 AB - We describe a mathematical model for selecting cytotoxic drugs and dosages for a combination regimen based on the antitumor activities of the drugs given as single agents and their organ-specific maximum tolerated doses. The regimen defined maximizes an approximate measure of antitumor effect subject to constraints on combined toxicity. This approach does not assume that the underlying dose-response curve is steep; nor does it assume that maximally dose-intense regimens are clinically appropriate in all situations. Whether the identified regimen is superior to standard treatments should be determined by prospective, randomized clinical trials. Determining which drugs to combine and in what proportions to combine them offers combinatorially huge numbers of possibilities. The method described here offers one approach to identifying combinations worthy of evaluation in prospective trials. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Simon, R AU - Korn, E L AD - Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 19 SP - 1469 EP - 1476 VL - 82 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Organoplatinum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Carboplatin KW - BG3F62OND5 KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Altretamine KW - Q8BIH59O7H KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Organoplatinum Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Altretamine -- administration & dosage KW - Organoplatinum Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cyclophosphamide -- toxicity KW - Doxorubicin -- administration & dosage KW - Doxorubicin -- toxicity KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Cisplatin -- administration & dosage KW - Altretamine -- toxicity KW - Cisplatin -- toxicity KW - Drug Synergism KW - Female KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79966476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Selecting+drug+combinations+based+on+total+equivalent+dose+%28dose+intensity%29&rft.au=Simon%2C+R%3BKorn%2C+E+L&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-09-19&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=1469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Sep 19;82(18):1446-7 [2391714] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct effects of radiation on the avidin-biotin system. Absence of energy transfer. AN - 79982574; 2203786 AB - Frozen solutions of biotinylated glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fluorescently tagged avidin were exposed to high energy ionizing radiation. Parallel experiments with peroxidase coupled to streptavidin and with biotinylated phycoerythrin were also performed. The loss of function of each compound was analyzed according to target theory. Target analysis revealed that the radiation-sensitive mass associated with the enzymatic activity and that associated with the fluorescence were unchanged by irradiation in the strongly coupled state. Therefore the noncovalent bonds between biotin and avidin do not permit the transfer of radiation-deposited energy in amounts sufficient to destroy the activity of apposing molecule. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Kempner, E S AU - Miller, J H AD - Laboratory of Physical Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 15 SP - 15776 EP - 15781 VL - 265 IS - 26 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Avidin KW - 1405-69-2 KW - Biotin KW - 6SO6U10H04 KW - Streptavidin KW - 9013-20-1 KW - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.49 KW - Horseradish Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Horseradish Peroxidase -- radiation effects KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Energy Transfer KW - Kinetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- enzymology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Horseradish Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Avidin -- radiation effects KW - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase -- radiation effects KW - Biotin -- radiation effects KW - Bacterial Proteins -- radiation effects KW - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79982574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Direct+effects+of+radiation+on+the+avidin-biotin+system.+Absence+of+energy+transfer.&rft.au=Kempner%2C+E+S%3BMiller%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Kempner&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-09-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=26&rft.spage=15776&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of gamma interferon and 5-fluorouracil in the H630 human colon carcinoma cell line. AN - 79975373; 1697502 AB - The antiproliferative effects and pharmacological interactions of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) were determined against the human colon carcinoma H630 cell line in vitro. H630 was 9-fold more resistant to 5-FU, as compared to a relatively sensitive human colon line (C1). IFN-gamma showed modest antiproliferative activity against the H630 line, with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 440 units/ml. Simultaneous treatment of H630 with subinhibitory concentrations of IFN-gamma and 5-FU produced a significant enhancement of the 5-FU-associated growth inhibition. The growth-inhibitory activity of the combination against H630 was prevented by the addition of 20 microM thymidine. Thymidylate synthase (TS) activity was measured by both the 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate binding and catalytic assays, using cytosolic extracts. A 24-h exposure to 1 microM 5-FU in the H630 line resulted in a 3.1-fold increase in the total amount of TS, while in the 5-FU/IFN-gamma-treated cells TS remained unchanged from non-drug-treated control levels. Moreover, we found that free thymidylate synthase in the 5-FU/IFN-gamma-treated cells was significantly decreased, as compared to the cells treated with 5-FU alone. Incorporation of 5-FU into both the RNA and DNA fractions did not change with the addition of IFN-gamma. Accumulation of the fluoropyrimidine metabolites 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate and 5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate remained the same for 5-FU alone and the combination treatment. These findings suggest that acute TS induction by 5-FU may provide an important mechanism by which human colon carcinoma cells express decreased sensitivity to 5-FU and that IFN-gamma can reverse the development of resistance to 5-FU in the H630 line by inhibiting the overexpression of TS that results from 5-FU exposure. These studies contribute to a growing understanding of the complex interaction between 5-FU and IFN-gamma. JF - Cancer research AU - Chu, E AU - Zinn, S AU - Boarman, D AU - Allegra, C J AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 15 SP - 5834 EP - 5840 VL - 50 IS - 18 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Fluorodeoxyuridylate KW - 134-46-3 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.5.1.3 KW - Thymidylate Synthase KW - EC 2.1.1.45 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Index Medicus KW - Thymidylate Synthase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Drug Interactions KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance KW - Fluorodeoxyuridylate -- analysis KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- biosynthesis KW - Folic Acid -- analysis KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Fluorouracil -- pharmacology KW - Fluorouracil -- metabolism KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79975373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+gamma+interferon+and+5-fluorouracil+in+the+H630+human+colon+carcinoma+cell+line.&rft.au=Chu%2C+E%3BZinn%2C+S%3BBoarman%2C+D%3BAllegra%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-09-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=5834&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the L-myc gene locus in a case-control study of lung cancer. AN - 79973318; 1975565 AB - The L-myc DNA-restriction fragment length polymorphism, revealed by EcoRI, has been studied in both a lung cancer case-control framework and a cohort of 40 non-diseased unrelated individuals. No association was found between the L-myc allelic frequencies and disease status, tumor stage or lung cancer histology. A strong association was, however, observed between the L-myc allelic frequencies and ethnic origin (black or white) of the subjects. Among American whites the allelic distribution at the L-myc proto-oncogene locus was almost identical to that previously reported for Japanese subjects. Among the American black population there was a significantly higher frequency of the presence of the polymorphic EcoRI restriction site in the second intron of the L-myc proto-oncogene. These data emphasize the importance of conducting epidemiologic studies that control for ethnic factors and indicate that L-myc EcoRI allelotypes do not appear to be predictive of lung cancer risk or disease status in American blacks and whites. JF - International journal of cancer AU - Tamai, S AU - Sugimura, H AU - Caporaso, N E AU - Resau, J H AU - Trump, B F AU - Weston, A AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 15 SP - 411 EP - 415 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Risk KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Binding Sites KW - Alleles KW - Oncogenes KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- ethnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79973318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Restriction+fragment+length+polymorphism+analysis+of+the+L-myc+gene+locus+in+a+case-control+study+of+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Tamai%2C+S%3BSugimura%2C+H%3BCaporaso%2C+N+E%3BResau%2C+J+H%3BTrump%2C+B+F%3BWeston%2C+A%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Tamai&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-09-15&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40, a single chain antibody Pseudomonas fusion protein directed at interleukin 2 receptor bearing cells. AN - 79981356; 2118522 AB - Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 is a chimeric single chain immunotoxin in which anti-Tac variable heavy and light chains held together by a peptide linker are attached to PE40, a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin. This molecule was shown to be extremely cytotoxic for interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor bearing cells in tissue culture (Chaudhary, V. K., Queen, C., Junghans, R. P., Waldmann, T. A., FitzGerald, D. J., and Pastan, I. (1989) Nature 339, 394-397). Here we describe various forms of anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 protein in which the order of the variable domains of anti-Tac has been switched and also three different types of peptide linkers have been used. All these proteins were purified to near homogeneity and were found to have similar cytotoxic activities against various human cells expressing the p55 subunit of the IL2 receptor. Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 was also found to have a very potent suppressive activity against phytohemagglutinin-activated human lymphoblasts and in a human mixed lymphocyte reaction. Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 appeared in the blood rapidly in mice after intraperitoneal administration and could be detected in the blood for up to 8 h. Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 warrants evaluation as an anti-tumor and immunosuppressive agent in humans. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Batra, J K AU - FitzGerald, D AU - Gately, M AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - Pastan, I AD - Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 05 SP - 15198 EP - 15202 VL - 265 IS - 25 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains KW - Immunoglobulin Light Chains KW - Immunotoxins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Cell Line KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Pseudomonas -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- immunology KW - Exotoxins -- immunology KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79981356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Anti-Tac%28Fv%29-PE40%2C+a+single+chain+antibody+Pseudomonas+fusion+protein+directed+at+interleukin+2+receptor+bearing+cells.&rft.au=Batra%2C+J+K%3BFitzGerald%2C+D%3BGately%2C+M%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Batra&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-09-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=15198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimizing risks for occupational blood-borne infections. AN - 79937248; 2384945 JF - JAMA AU - Fahey, B J AU - Henderson, D K AD - Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health. Y1 - 1990/09/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 05 SP - 1189 EP - 1189, 1190 VL - 264 IS - 9 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Communicable Disease Control -- methods KW - Students, Medical KW - Blood -- microbiology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - HIV Infections -- etiology KW - Health Manpower UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79937248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Minimizing+risks+for+occupational+blood-borne+infections.&rft.au=Fahey%2C+B+J%3BHenderson%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Fahey&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-09-05&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Misalignment-mediated DNA synthesis errors. AN - 80183874; 1702019 JF - Biochemistry AU - Kunkel, T A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/09/04/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 04 SP - 8003 EP - 8011 VL - 29 IS - 35 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - lacZ KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA, Viral KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Retroviridae Proteins KW - DNA Polymerase I KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - beta-Galactosidase KW - EC 3.2.1.23 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Retroviridae Proteins -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - HIV-1 -- enzymology KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Genetic Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - beta-Galactosidase -- genetics KW - Templates, Genetic KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - DNA Polymerase I -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Frameshift Mutation KW - Models, Genetic KW - DNA Replication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80183874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Misalignment-mediated+DNA+synthesis+errors.&rft.au=Kunkel%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Kunkel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-09-04&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=35&rft.spage=8003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - lacZ N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dysequilibrium and audiovestibular function in panic disorder: symptom profiles and test findings. AN - 85200178; pmid-2240177 AB - Patients with panic disorder commonly report symptoms of dizziness and imbalance. We studied the relationship between objective measures of audiovestibular function, phenomenologic, and self-report measures of dysequilibrium and related somatic symptoms in a sample of panic disorder patients with and without agoraphobia, unselected for the complaint of dysequilibrium. Of seventeen patients evaluated by electronystagmography, 71 percent exhibited abnormal vestibular test findings. These latter patients had higher total anxiety ratings than patients without vestibular abnormalities. We conclude that patients with panic disorder warrant evaluation of audiovestibular function. JF - The American Journal of Otology AU - Sklare, D A AU - Stein, M B AU - Pikus, A M AU - Uhde, T W AD - National Institute on Deafness, and Other Communication Disorders, Division of Communicative Sciences & Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 338 EP - 341 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0192-9763, 0192-9763 KW - Anxiety Disorders KW - Equilibrium KW - Dizziness KW - Human KW - Adult KW - Agoraphobia KW - Middle Age KW - Hearing KW - Female KW - Male KW - Panic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85200178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Otology&rft.atitle=Dysequilibrium+and+audiovestibular+function+in+panic+disorder%3A+symptom+profiles+and+test+findings.&rft.au=Sklare%2C+D+A%3BStein%2C+M+B%3BPikus%2C+A+M%3BUhde%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Sklare&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+Journal+of+Otology&rft.issn=01929763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ibogaine fails to reduce naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in the morphine-dependent rat. AN - 80386091; 2129850 AB - Because of anecdotal reports in which ibogaine eliminates opioid withdrawal symptoms in humans, we studied this phenomenon in the rat model. Ibogaine (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1, s.c.) was administered 15 min before naloxone (0.5 mg kg-1, s.c.) in morphine dependent rats (3 days after the s.c. implantation of a 75 mg morphine pellet). Of the 12 withdrawal signs scored, the only significant changes observed after ibogaine (compared with vehicle control) was a decrease in grooming (10 mg kg-1) and an increase in teeth chatter (5 mg kg-1). In spite of ibogaine's apparent interaction with several neurotransmitter receptor systems, it does not alleviate opioid withdrawal in this animal model at non-tremorigenic (5 and 10 mg kg-1) or tremorigenic (20 and 40 mg kg-1) doses. JF - Neuroreport AU - Sharpe, L G AU - Jaffe, J H AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 17 EP - 19 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 0959-4965, 0959-4965 KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - Ibogaine KW - 3S814I130U KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Grooming -- drug effects KW - Tremor -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Morphine Dependence KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Ibogaine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80386091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroreport&rft.atitle=Ibogaine+fails+to+reduce+naloxone-precipitated+withdrawal+in+the+morphine-dependent+rat.&rft.au=Sharpe%2C+L+G%3BJaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Sharpe&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroreport&rft.issn=09594965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for early pregnancy loss. AN - 80296622; 2078614 AB - We looked at risk of early pregnancy loss among 171 women who conceived while participating in study. Twenty-five percent of biochemically detected pregnancies ended within six weeks of the last menstrual period; all but two of these losses were clinically unrecognized. While our sample is small, it is the first to allow description of possible associations between risk of early pregnancy loss and maternal characteristics or exposures. We looked at risk in relation to a woman's age, pregnancy history, weight, education, prenatal DES exposure, cigarette smoking, use of caffeinated and alcoholic beverages, marijuana, cigarette smoking by baby's father, and other variables. None of these factors was definitely associated with early pregnancy loss. Still, the possibility of real effects cannot be excluded and deserves further study. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Wilcox, A J AU - Weinberg, C R AU - Baird, D D AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 382 EP - 385 VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Caffeine KW - 3G6A5W338E KW - Diethylstilbestrol KW - 731DCA35BT KW - Index Medicus KW - Prospective Studies KW - Diethylstilbestrol -- adverse effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Maternal Age KW - Humans KW - North Carolina KW - Adult KW - Caffeine -- adverse effects KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- etiology KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80296622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Risk+factors+for+early+pregnancy+loss.&rft.au=Wilcox%2C+A+J%3BWeinberg%2C+C+R%3BBaird%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Wilcox&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case-control study of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in eastern Nebraska. AN - 80288740; 2078610 AB - To evaluate the role of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), we conducted a population-based, case-control study in 66 counties in eastern Nebraska. Telephone interviews were conducted with 201 white men diagnosed with NHL between July 1, 1983, and June 30, 1986, and with 725 controls. There was a 50% excess of NHL among men who mixed or applied 2,4-D (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 0.9, 2.5). The risk of NHL increased with the average frequency of use to over threefold for those exposed 20 or more days per year (p for trend = 0.051). Adjusting for use of organophosphate insecticides lowered the risk estimate for frequent users (OR = 1.8), but adjustment for fungicide use increased the risk estimate (OR = 4.5). Simultaneous adjustment for organophosphates and fungicides yielded an OR of 3.1 for farmers who mixed or applied 2,4-D more than 20 days per year. Risk also increased with degree of exposure, as indicated by application method and time spent in contaminated clothing, but not with the number of years of 2,4-D use or failure to use protective equipment. Although other pesticides, especially organophosphate insecticides, may be related to NHL, the risk associated with 2,4-D does not appear to be explained completely by these other exposures. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Zahm, S H AU - Weisenburger, D D AU - Babbitt, P A AU - Saal, R C AU - Vaught, J B AU - Cantor, K P AU - Blair, A AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 349 EP - 356 VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Nebraska KW - Male KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- epidemiology KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- poisoning KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80288740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=A+case-control+study+of+non-Hodgkin%27s+lymphoma+and+the+herbicide+2%2C4-dichlorophenoxyacetic+acid+%282%2C4-D%29+in+eastern+Nebraska.&rft.au=Zahm%2C+S+H%3BWeisenburger%2C+D+D%3BBabbitt%2C+P+A%3BSaal%2C+R+C%3BVaught%2C+J+B%3BCantor%2C+K+P%3BBlair%2C+A&rft.aulast=Zahm&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting the expression of trifluoroacetylated liver microsomal protein neoantigens in rats treated with halothane. AN - 80286664; 1981738 AB - Previous studies have shown that antibodies in the sera of halothane hepatitis patients recognize trifluoroacetylated liver microsomal proteins (neoantigens) of 100 kDa, 76 kDa, 59 kDa, 57 kDa, and 54 kDa. In the present investigation, factors that might affect the level of expression of the neoantigens were investigated. A study of the time course of neoantigen expression in halothane-treated rats revealed that the 100 kDa, 76 kDa, 59 kDa, and 57 kDa neoantigens were longer-lived than the 54 kDa neoantigen and could be detected in the liver up to a week after the administration of halothane. Pretreatment of rats with isoniazid, which is known to induce cytochrome P-450 IIE1, appeared to increase the expression of each of the neoantigens, whereas inducers of several other forms of cytochrome P-450 had either very little effect or decreased the expression of several of the neoantigens. Female rats appeared to express some of the neoantigens at a higher level than that found in males. Examination of the organ distribution of the trifluoroacetylated neoantigens showed that, of the tissues examined, only the liver contained appreciable levels of the neoantigens. These results indicate that the level of expression and possibly the immunogenicity of the trifluoroacetylated liver neoantigens may be influenced by their half-lives and the repertoire of cytochrome P-450 present in the liver. JF - Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals AU - Kenna, J G AU - Martin, J L AU - Satoh, H AU - Pohl, L R AD - Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 788 EP - 793 VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 0090-9556, 0090-9556 KW - Antigens KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Trifluoroacetic Acid KW - E5R8Z4G708 KW - Halothane KW - UQT9G45D1P KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoblotting KW - Animals KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Chick Embryo KW - Humans KW - Trifluoroacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Child KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- immunology KW - Child, Preschool KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Half-Life KW - Kinetics KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cricetinae KW - Antigens -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Halothane -- toxicity KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80286664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+the+expression+of+trifluoroacetylated+liver+microsomal+protein+neoantigens+in+rats+treated+with+halothane.&rft.au=Kenna%2C+J+G%3BMartin%2C+J+L%3BSatoh%2C+H%3BPohl%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Kenna&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.issn=00909556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bladder cancer survival statistics. AN - 80274395; 2074521 AB - Bladder cancer is the most common urinary system malignancy and the fourth most frequently occurring cancer among men. Although it occurs in both sexes, the disease is 2.5 times more likely to develop in men, probably because of life-style factors such as smoking and occupational exposures. The estimated 47,000 new cases and 10,200 bladder cancer deaths in 1989 constitute almost 5% of all new cancer cases and approximately 2.2% of all cancer deaths. More than half of new cases occur in persons 70 and older. The incidence rate for whites is approximately 37% greater than the rate for blacks. (However, only 50% of blacks have localized disease at diagnosis as compared with 72% for whites.) The 51% increase in incidence over 35 years has been greatly tempered through earlier detection and improved treatment resulting in improved survival and a 33% reduction in mortality. Overall survival has improved by more than 45% during the past 35 years, within each stage as well as overall. The relative 5-year survival rates for whites v blacks are overall, 81% v 58%; for localized disease, 88% v 74%; for regional disease, 44% v 30%; for distant disease, 9% v 8%; and for unknown stage, 61% v 35%. JF - Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association AU - Smart, C R AD - Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 926 EP - 928 VL - 32 IS - 9 SN - 0096-1736, 0096-1736 KW - Index Medicus KW - Life Style KW - Survival Rate KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - African Americans KW - United States -- ethnology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80274395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Bladder+cancer+survival+statistics.&rft.au=Smart%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Smart&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00961736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of nuclear factor-kappa B and the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat by okadaic acid, a specific inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A. AN - 80232167; 2177654 AB - We have used a specific phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, to examine the role of two phosphatases, PP1 and PP2A, in the induction of NF-kappa B and the long terminal repeat of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-LTR). Treatment of Jurkat cells with okadaic acid induced NF-kappa B in nuclear extracts. The rate of induction by okadaic acid was delayed compared to the induction of NF-kappa B by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). The induction of NF-kappa B by okadaic acid was enhanced by cycloheximide or phytohemagglutinin (PHA). In contrast to PMA, okadaic acid appeared to induce NF-kappa B independently of protein kinase C (PKC). That the NF-kappa B induced by okadaic acid was functional was demonstrated by the marked increase in CAT activity that occurred in Jurkat, BJA-B, and U251 cells that were transfected with HIV-LTR-CAT and treated with okadaic acid. The increase in CAT activity triggered by okadaic acid was dependent on the presence of the NF-kappa B sites in the long terminal repeat of HIV as assessed by deletion and mutation analysis. Similarly to its effect on the induction of NF-kappa B, PHA added together with okadaic acid resulted in a further increase in CAT activity. Somewhat surprisingly, the addition of PMA inhibited the increase in CAT activity in response to okadaic acid, which suggests that the activation of PKC may also induce inhibitory factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The New biologist AU - Thévenin, C AU - Kim, S J AU - Rieckmann, P AU - Fujiki, H AU - Norcross, M A AU - Sporn, M B AU - Fauci, A S AU - Kehrl, J H AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 793 EP - 800 VL - 2 IS - 9 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - Ethers, Cyclic KW - 0 KW - NF-kappa B KW - Phytohemagglutinins KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Humans KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Phytohemagglutinins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - NF-kappa B -- biosynthesis KW - HIV Long Terminal Repeat -- drug effects KW - Ethers, Cyclic -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80232167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Induction+of+nuclear+factor-kappa+B+and+the+human+immunodeficiency+virus+long+terminal+repeat+by+okadaic+acid%2C+a+specific+inhibitor+of+phosphatases+1+and+2A.&rft.au=Th%C3%A9venin%2C+C%3BKim%2C+S+J%3BRieckmann%2C+P%3BFujiki%2C+H%3BNorcross%2C+M+A%3BSporn%2C+M+B%3BFauci%2C+A+S%3BKehrl%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Th%C3%A9venin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=793&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological response modifiers in the management of patients with breast cancer. AN - 80192703; 2265261 AB - Despite impressive progress in understanding the biology of breast cancer, mechanisms of host defense, and the pathophysiology of the metastatic process, this burgeoning fact bank has made little impact on the management of patients with breast cancer. There are many interesting ideas for improved diagnosis and therapy in various stages of development, but few have actually translated into improved survival of patients with breast cancer. Potentially useful biological agents include cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, immunotoxins, vaccines, and adoptive cellular therapies. Therapies targetting growth factor receptors and the cellular machinery required for metastasis may become useful, especially when used in combination with other cytotoxic agents. Colony-stimulating factors may allow a test of the hypothesis that augmented dose-intensity of cytotoxic chemotherapy will cure more patients. Though we are not yet sure precisely how to use all of these new tools, there can be little doubt that their application will make a significant impact on the management of patients with breast cancer and other malignancies in the next decade. JF - Breast cancer research and treatment AU - Longo, D L AU - Hartmann, L C AD - Biological Response Modifiers Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 67 EP - 87 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6806, 0167-6806 KW - Biological Products KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Biological Products -- therapeutic use KW - Breast Neoplasms -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80192703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Breast+cancer+research+and+treatment&rft.atitle=Biological+response+modifiers+in+the+management+of+patients+with+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Longo%2C+D+L%3BHartmann%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Longo&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breast+cancer+research+and+treatment&rft.issn=01676806&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Salmonella genotypes and testing protocols on H2O2-induced mutation. AN - 80187348; 2263204 AB - Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was shown to be mutagenic in a number of strains of Salmonella typhimurium. Strain SB1106p (hisC3108, hisO1242, pKM101), a newly-constructed strain carrying the histidine mutation at a UGA chain-terminating codon, was more responsive to H2O2 than TA104 or TA102, the two hisG428 strains originally developed for detecting oxidative mutagens. The largest proportional increase in revertants of strain TA104 was in the fraction of intragenic deletions. Three other strains (TA97, SB1111 and SB1106) gave unequivocal positive responses to H2O2 in both the liquid pre-incubation procedure and standard plate incorporation procedure. The response of TA100 varied among experiments, ranging from negative to a weak positive. Variations in the catalase content among the tester strains did not correlate with the relative responses obtained in the mutagenicity assays. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Zeiger, E AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 469 EP - 473 VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Genotype KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80187348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Salmonella+genotypes+and+testing+protocols+on+H2O2-induced+mutation.&rft.au=Abu-Shakra%2C+A%3BZeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Abu-Shakra&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of forskolin and analogues on nicotinic receptor-mediated sodium flux, voltage-dependent calcium flux, and voltage-dependent rubidium efflux in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. AN - 80154626; 1701359 AB - 1. Forskolin, a naturally occurring diterpene that activates adenylate cyclase, HL706, a water-soluble derivative of forskolin (6 beta-[(piperidino)acetoxy]-7-desacetylforskolin) that is less potent than forskolin in activating adenylate cyclase, and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, an analogue that does not activate adenylate cyclase, were examined for effects on the nicotinic receptor-mediated 22Na+ flux, a high potassium-induced 45Ca2+ flux through L-type calcium channels, and a high potassium-induced 86Rb+ efflux through a calcium-dependent potassium channels in PC12 cells. 2. Forskolin and analogues at 30 microM completely blocked carbamylcholine-elicited flux of 22Na+ through the nicotinic receptor-gated channel. 1,9-Dideoxyforskolin had an IC50 value of 1.6 microM with forskolin and HL706 being two- to three fold less potent. 3. Forskolin and its analogues appear to be noncompetitive blockers of the neuronal nicotinic receptor-channel complex in PC12 cells, but unlike many noncompetitive blockers, did not markedly enhance desensitization. Instead, forskolin, but not HL706 or 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, slightly antagonized the desensitization evoked by high concentrations of carbamylcholine. N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, an adenosine analogue that elevates cyclic AMP and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP had no effect on desensitization. 4. Forskolin, HL706, and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin in the presence of carbamylcholine inhibited the binding of a noncompetitive blocker, [3H]perhydrohistrionicotoxin, to the muscle-type nicotinic receptor-channel complex in Torpedo electroplax membranes with IC50 values of 20 microM. Forskolin had no effect on [3H]perhydrohistrionicotoxin binding in the absence of carbamylcholine, while HL706 and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin still inhibited binding in the absence of carbamylcholine. 5. Forskolin, but not HL706 or 1,9-dideoxyforskolin had a slight inhibitory effect on the binding of [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin to acetylcholine recognition sites in Torpedo membranes. 1,9-Dideoxyforskolin at 30 microM, but not forskolin or HL706, markedly inhibited depolarization-evoked 45Ca+ flux and 86Rb+ efflux in PC12 cells, suggesting that 1,9-dideoxyforskolin has nonspecific inhibitory effects on a variety of ion channels. JF - Cellular and molecular neurobiology AU - Nishizawa, Y AU - Seamon, K B AU - Daly, J W AU - Aronstam, R S AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 351 EP - 368 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4340, 0272-4340 KW - Ion Channels KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Receptors, Nicotinic KW - 6-((piperidino)acetoxy)-7-desacetylforskolin KW - 114376-11-3 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Rubidium KW - MLT4718TJW KW - 1,9-dideoxyforskolin KW - OAW710HWIX KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- pathology KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology KW - Potassium -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Rubidium -- metabolism KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Ion Channels -- drug effects KW - Colforsin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- physiology KW - Sodium -- metabolism KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80154626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cellular+and+molecular+neurobiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+forskolin+and+analogues+on+nicotinic+receptor-mediated+sodium+flux%2C+voltage-dependent+calcium+flux%2C+and+voltage-dependent+rubidium+efflux+in+pheochromocytoma+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Nishizawa%2C+Y%3BSeamon%2C+K+B%3BDaly%2C+J+W%3BAronstam%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Nishizawa&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cellular+and+molecular+neurobiology&rft.issn=02724340&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CSF neuropeptide Y in alcoholics and normal controls. AN - 80127239; 1978753 AB - Neuropeptide Y is found in brain tissue. In dogs it has been shown to enhance activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by corticotropin-releasing hormone. It is localized in certain catecholamine neurons and to some extent colocalized with somatostatin. Disturbances of the central noradrenergic system may underlie some forms of alcoholism. Therefore, we compared male alcoholics and normal controls on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neuropeptide Y. There was no significant difference between the two groups for neuropeptide Y. There was also no significant difference for CSF levels of growth hormone releasing hormone. However, there were significant positive correlations between CSF levels of neuropeptide Y and CSF levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone, somatostatin, and growth hormone releasing hormone. JF - Psychiatry research AU - Roy, A AU - Berrettini, W AU - DeJong, J AU - Adinoff, B AU - Ravitz, B AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 215 EP - 219 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1781, 0165-1781 KW - Neuropeptide Y KW - 0 KW - Somatostatin KW - 51110-01-1 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Somatostatin -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Gambling -- psychology KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Norepinephrine -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Neuropeptide Y -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80127239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+research&rft.atitle=CSF+neuropeptide+Y+in+alcoholics+and+normal+controls.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BBerrettini%2C+W%3BDeJong%2C+J%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry+research&rft.issn=01651781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New antiretroviral agents in the clinic. AN - 80107597; 2237136 AB - Since the first controlled clinical trial of zidovudine (ACT) was terminated in the fall of 1986, much has been learned concerning the use of this agent in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The recent report of HIV resistance associated with long-term AZT therapy has accelerated the sense of urgency about the development of additional agents for use--either alone or in combination with AZT--against this infection. Several new agents are in various stages of preclinical or clinical evaluation. Some, such as dideoxycytidine, dideoxyinosine, dideoxydidehydrothymidine, azidouridine, and foscarnet, inhibit viral DNA synthesis through inhibition of reverse transcriptase. Other potentially useful agents presumably act at different stages of infection. Soluble CD4, for example, is a soluble form of the receptor to which HIV must bind to infect cells, and castanospermine represents a new class of compounds that block the maturation process of the viral glycoprotein. An apparently more potent and less toxic analogue of the latter agent, N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin, is currently in phase I testing. JF - Reviews of infectious diseases AU - Myers, M W AD - Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 944 EP - 950 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0162-0886, 0162-0886 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - HIV -- physiology KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80107597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=New+antiretroviral+agents+in+the+clinic.&rft.au=Myers%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=944&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=01620886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nicotine dependence: a preventable risk factor for other diseases. AN - 80096782; 2231070 AB - Nicotine meets all critical criteria for an addictive drug. Furthermore, there is no evidence that there would be widespread compulsive use of tobacco without nicotine. These findings have led to consideration of the cigarette as a contaminated vehicle for an addictive drug (nicotine). Nevertheless, nicotine itself may also be used therapeutically to reduce exposure to carcinogens and other tobacco toxins. Nicotine replacement is a useful adjunct in treating tobacco dependence. For example, nicotine replacement in the form of a polacrilex resin (chewing gum) can alleviate physically based signs and symptoms of tobacco abstinence. The fact that this form of nicotine replacement is not attractive to non-users of tobacco has opened the door to the use of nicotine in a therapeutic modality, permitting hope of eliminating tobacco dependence. JF - Journal of general internal medicine AU - Cohen, C AU - Henningfield, J E AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224. PY - 1990 SP - S73 EP - S78 VL - 5 IS - 5 Suppl SN - 0884-8734, 0884-8734 KW - Chewing Gum KW - 0 KW - Polymethacrylic Acids KW - Polyvinyls KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Compulsive Behavior KW - Polymethacrylic Acids -- therapeutic use KW - Polyvinyls -- therapeutic use KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Tobacco Use Cessation Products KW - Smoking -- prevention & control KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Nicotine -- therapeutic use KW - Nicotine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80096782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+general+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Nicotine+dependence%3A+a+preventable+risk+factor+for+other+diseases.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+C%3BHenningfield%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5+Suppl&rft.spage=S73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+general+internal+medicine&rft.issn=08848734&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between ethanol intake and DSM-III-R alcohol dependence. AN - 80095202; 2232799 AB - The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the relationship between ethanol consumption and DSM-III-R alcohol dependence using mathematical modeling techniques that allowed for the control of confounding and assessment of interaction. Although sex, education, ethnicity and marital status were not identified as actual confounders in the logistic regression model, the ethanol intake-dependence association was stronger among younger as opposed to older respondents. For 20 year olds, the average log odds for dependence increased .62 for each additional ounce of ethanol consumed daily, while the corresponding increase in risk among 60 year olds was .26. Implications of these results are discussed in terms of age differences in drinking patterns and differential social control of drinking behavior. Separate analyses in which aggregates of the alcohol dependence criteria served as outcome measures helped qualify the interpretation of the overall ethanol intake-dependence relationship. The need to examine components of global classifications of alcohol dependence using better operationalizations is highlighted. JF - Journal of studies on alcohol AU - Grant, B F AU - Harford, T C AD - Division of Biometry and Epidemiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 448 EP - 456 VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 0096-882X, 0096-882X KW - Index Medicus KW - Social Adjustment KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Family KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Psychometrics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Alcohol Drinking -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80095202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+studies+on+alcohol&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+ethanol+intake+and+DSM-III-R+alcohol+dependence.&rft.au=Grant%2C+B+F%3BHarford%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+studies+on+alcohol&rft.issn=0096882X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age-related changes in toxicity and biotransformation of potassium cyanide in male C57BL/6N mice. AN - 80058430; 2171158 AB - Age-related changes in toxicity and biotransformation of KCN, an ubiquitous environmental toxicant, have not been previously examined. Male C57BL/6N mice aged 2-3 (young), 10-12 (middle-aged), and 25-30 (old) months were administered KCN at 1, 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg po, and toxic manifestations were monitored for up to 2 hr. The toxic response to KCN (prostration and labored breathing) was significantly greater in 10-12 and 25-30 month vs that in 2-3 month mice at 4 and 6 mg/kg KCN. The basis for this age-related difference in in vivo toxicity was examined by studying biotransformation of KCN to thiocyanate by liver and brain rhodanese (RHO), as well as activity of liver and brain cytochrome oxidase (C-OX), inhibition of C-OX by KCN, and activity of beta-mercaptopyruvate transsulfurase (MT). Tissue and blood levels of CN- following a toxic dose of 6 mg/kg KCN were also measured. No age-related differences were observed in the specific activity of liver and brain RHO, MT, or C-OX. In addition, no differences were observed in the percentage inhibition of C-OX by KCN, or in the Ki for inhibition of brain and liver C-OX. However, activity of brain RHO on a per gram tissue basis was significantly lower in 10-12 and 25-30 months vs that in 2-3 month mice. Liver and blood concentrations of CN- were not significantly different in 2-3 vs 10-12 month mice following treatment with 6 mg/kg KCN; however, significantly greater concentrations of CN- were observed at 4 and 25 min in brains of 10-12 month mice compared to that in 2-3 month mice. These results indicate that increased sensitivity to KCN in older mice may be due in part to a decrease in the amount of brain RHO and altered tissue kinetics of CN- following a toxic dose in older mice. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - McMahon, T F AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 305 EP - 314 VL - 105 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Electron Transport Complex IV KW - EC 1.9.3.1 KW - Sulfurtransferases KW - EC 2.8.1.- KW - Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase KW - EC 2.8.1.1 KW - 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase KW - EC 2.8.1.2 KW - Potassium Cyanide KW - MQD255M2ZO KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Biotransformation KW - Kinetics KW - Aging KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Electron Transport Complex IV -- metabolism KW - Sulfurtransferases -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase -- metabolism KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- enzymology KW - Potassium Cyanide -- metabolism KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- enzymology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Potassium Cyanide -- toxicity KW - Brain -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80058430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Age-related+changes+in+toxicity+and+biotransformation+of+potassium+cyanide+in+male+C57BL%2F6N+mice.&rft.au=McMahon%2C+T+F%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rhesus monkey model for continuous infusion of drugs into cerebrospinal fluid. AN - 80041746; 2170754 AB - A new rhesus monkey model with two intraventricular catheter systems was developed to examine the pharmacokinetics and neurotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents administered by continuous intraventricular infusion. A lateral ventricular catheter system implanted in the lateral ventricle and attached to a subcutaneous access port on the animal's back is used for infusion of drugs into the ventricle. A Pudenz catheter implanted in the fourth ventricle and connected to a subcutaneous Ommaya reservoir permits repetitive CSF sampling in unanesthetized animals. The model was evaluated in five animals for over 12 months for catheter patency, surgical complications, and utility in studying the pharmacokinetics of continuous intraventricular infusion of methotrexate. There were no perioperative complications. Three of the five monkeys maintained both systems successfully. The other two animals developed staphylococcal ventriculitis, one at 7 days as a result of manipulation of the incision by the animal leading to cellulitis around the catheter site and subsequent ventriculitis, the other at 5 months. Both animals were treated successfully with antibiotics and catheter removal. An infusion of 0.05 mg of methotrexate over 24 hours maintained ventricular drug concentrations of 1 mol/L without evidence of neurotoxicity. This new model has applications both for the development of continuous intraventricular infusion as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of meningeal cancers in humans and as a research tool to study the distribution and elimination of drugs from the CSF. JF - Laboratory animal science AU - McCully, C L AU - Balis, F M AU - Bacher, J AU - Phillips, J AU - Poplack, D G AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 520 EP - 525 VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0023-6764, 0023-6764 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Methotrexate KW - YL5FZ2Y5U1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Catheters, Indwelling -- veterinary KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Infusion Pumps -- veterinary KW - Methotrexate -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Methotrexate -- administration & dosage KW - Catheterization -- veterinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80041746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Laboratory+animal+science&rft.atitle=A+rhesus+monkey+model+for+continuous+infusion+of+drugs+into+cerebrospinal+fluid.&rft.au=McCully%2C+C+L%3BBalis%2C+F+M%3BBacher%2C+J%3BPhillips%2C+J%3BPoplack%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=McCully&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=520&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Laboratory+animal+science&rft.issn=00236764&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of kinase activation in the receptor for colony-stimulating factor 1. AN - 80005362; 2169623 AB - Receptor tyrosine kinases remain dormant until activated by ligand binding to the extracellular domain. Two mechanisms have been proposed for kinase activation: (i) ligand binding to the external domain of a receptor monomer may induce a conformational change that is transmitted across the cell membrane (intramolecular model) or (ii) the ligand may facilitate oligomerization, thereby allowing interactions between the juxtaposed kinase domains (intermolecular model). The receptor for colony-stimulating factor 1 was used to test these models. Large insertions at the junction between the external and transmembrane domains of the receptor, introduced by site-directed mutagenesis of the cDNA, were positioned to isolate the external domain and prevent transmembrane conformational propagation while allowing for receptor oligomerization. Such mutant receptors were expressed on the cell surface, bound ligand with high affinity, exhibited ligand-stimulated autophosphorylation, and signaled mitogenesis and cellular proliferation in the presence of ligand. A second experimental strategy directly tested the intermolecular model of ligand activation. A hybrid receptor composed of the external domain of human glycophorin A and the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor exhibited anti-glycophorin antibody-induced kinase activity that supported mitogenesis. Our data strongly support a mechanism of receptor activation based on ligand-induced receptor oligomerization. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Lee, A W AU - Nienhuis, A W AD - Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 7270 EP - 7274 VL - 87 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 81627-83-0 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - DNA Replication KW - Cell Division KW - Gene Library KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80005362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+kinase+activation+in+the+receptor+for+colony-stimulating+factor+1.&rft.au=Lee%2C+A+W%3BNienhuis%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=7270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 15;263(8):3610-7 [3346210] Anal Biochem. 1980 Sep 1;107(1):220-39 [6254391] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7516-20 [3050997] Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:443-78 [3052279] Biochemistry. 1988 Jul 26;27(15):5418-26 [2460129] Cell. 1988 Dec 23;55(6):979-88 [2974321] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):925-9 [2915986] Science. 1989 Mar 24;243(4898):1564-70 [2538922] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8771-8 [2542288] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8905-12 [2542295] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 5;264(19):11346-53 [2661557] Int J Biochem. 1989;21(6):635-43 [2507371] EMBO J. 1989 Nov;8(11):3303-9 [2583100] EMBO J. 1989 Sep;8(9):2489-95 [2479551] Science. 1990 Jan 19;247(4940):324-7 [2404337] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Apr;10(4):1664-71 [2157138] Annu Rev Biochem. 1978;47:251-76 [354496] Oncogene. 1988 Oct;3(4):391-5 [2856249] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Mar;79(6):1849-53 [6952235] J Biol Chem. 1983 Jan 25;258(2):846-53 [6296087] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(10):2931-5 [6574462] Biochem J. 1983 May 15;212(2):259-64 [6882371] Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Aug;3(8):1343-52 [6194425] Methods Enzymol. 1983;99:387-402 [6196603] Nature. 1984 Feb 16-22;307(5952):655-8 [6694756] J Biol Chem. 1984 Dec 10;259(23):14631-6 [6094567] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1984 Nov 13;307(1131):189-200 [6151683] J Immunol. 1985 Jun;134(6):4009-17 [3857280] Cell. 1985 Jul;41(3):665-76 [2408759] Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1350-4 [2999980] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1665-9 [3456608] EMBO J. 1986 Jun;5(6):1187-92 [3015588] Biochemistry. 1987 Mar 10;26(5):1434-42 [3494472] Biochemistry. 1987 Mar 10;26(5):1443-51 [3494473] J Virol. 1987 May;61(5):1647-50 [3033290] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 5;262(28):13812-20 [2443498] Cell. 1987 Nov 6;51(3):503-12 [2822260] EMBO J. 1987 Sep;6(9):2669-76 [2824188] Genes Dev. 1987 Jun;1(4):358-65 [3500094] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7832-6 [3500470] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8458-62 [3317408] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 15;263(5):2230-7 [3257489] J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 5;263(7):3063-6 [2830271] J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 5;263(7):3290-5 [3257758] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2407-12 [1691441] Oncogene Res. 1987 Sep-Oct;1(4):311-24 [2966922] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human debrisoquine hydroxylase gene polymorphisms in cancer patients and controls. AN - 80004667; 1976046 AB - The extensive metabolizer phenotype of debrisoquine has been associated with increased risk of lung cancer, and it has been proposed that a molecular test for this phenotype is feasible. DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the human debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase gene locus (CYP2D6), and the metabolic phenotype for debrisoquine have been studied in a group of healthy volunteers, a group of lung cancer patients and two control groups (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and patients with cancers at sites other than the lung). Confirmation of four distinct XbaI allelic fragments (44, 29, 16/9 and 11.5 kb), previously identified among caucasians, was obtained. The 29 kb alleles were the most frequently observed in both poor and extensive metabolizers of debrisoquine. Alleles of 44 kb were found with approximately equal frequency among both poor and extensive metabolizers. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the 11.5 and 44 kb fragments are associated with mutant alleles of the CYP2D6 gene, but the power of phenotype prediction by these alleles was less than that previously reported for a European (Swiss-German) population. Similarly, the data also show that 8% of 29 kb homozygotes are poor metabolizers (indicating that at least 28% of 29 kb fragments are also associated with mutant alleles) and are not therefore informative for predicting the debrisoquine phenotype. The 16/9 allele may represent either wild-type or mutant alleles. Restriction fragments of 44 kb were found more frequently among cancer patients and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (30%) than among the healthy volunteer group (7%). Genotypes observed were not related to lung tumor histology. Furthermore, at least three EcoRI alleles were found to be in linkage disequilibrium with the 'mutant' 44 kb allele. These data suggest that the 44 kb allele can comprise three distinct haplotypes, in contrast to studies of a European population. These studies indicate that no single mutant CYP2D6 allele as determined by EcoRI appears to be associated with lung cancer, despite the findings that these patients are invariably of the extensive metabolizer phenotype. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Sugimura, H AU - Caporaso, N E AU - Shaw, G L AU - Modali, R V AU - Gonzalez, F J AU - Hoover, R N AU - Resau, J H AU - Trump, B F AU - Weston, A AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 1527 EP - 1530 VL - 11 IS - 9 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - endodeoxyribonuclease XBAI KW - Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific KW - EC 3.1.21.4 KW - Debrisoquin KW - X31CDK040E KW - Index Medicus KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- enzymology KW - Reference Values KW - Debrisoquin -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- genetics KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- enzymology KW - Phenotype KW - Adenocarcinoma -- enzymology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- genetics KW - Male KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- genetics KW - Female KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- enzymology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Genes KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80004667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Human+debrisoquine+hydroxylase+gene+polymorphisms+in+cancer+patients+and+controls.&rft.au=Sugimura%2C+H%3BCaporaso%2C+N+E%3BShaw%2C+G+L%3BModali%2C+R+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J%3BHoover%2C+R+N%3BResau%2C+J+H%3BTrump%2C+B+F%3BWeston%2C+A%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Sugimura&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of N6-[3H]cyclohexyladenosine binding by carbamazepine. AN - 80004271; 2401242 AB - The mechanism of action of carbamazepine (CBZ) (Tegretol), despite widespread use in the management of partial and tonic-clonic seizures in adults, is not completely understood. In animals, adenosine and adenosine analogues have anticonvulsant effects that may be due to interactions with central A1 adenosine receptors. CBZ (at therapeutically relevant concentrations) inhibits the binding of agonists and antagonists to brain A1 adenosine receptors, but whether as an agonist/antagonist is not clear. The adenosine agonist, N6-[3H]cyclohexyladenosine ([3H]CHA), binds to membranes from rat cortex and hippocampus at two nanomolar binding sites or states. To clarify the actions of carbamazepine at the A1 adenosine receptor, its inhibitory actions were compared with those of known adenosine agonists and xanthine antagonists using 0.1 nM[3H]CHA, in which almost all binding is to the higher affinity state, or 10 nM [3H]CHA, in which there is a substantial contribution of binding from both states. The ratios of the IC50 values (concentration that inhibits specific binding by 50%) at 10 nM [3H]CHA to the IC50 values at 0.1 nM [3H]CHA were 18-31 for the agonists and 4-10 for the xanthine antagonists. CBZ had a ratio of 3. The inhibitory effects of GTP on [3H]CHA binding were less in the presence of the adenosine agonist, 2-chloroadenosine than were inhibitory effects in the presence of the xanthine antagonist theophylline or CBZ in both cortex and hippocampus. These in vitro studies indicate that CBZ is an antagonist at A1 adenosine receptors in cerebral cortical and hippocampal membranes from rat brain. Agonist activity at A1 adenosine receptors would have been compatible with the sedative anticonvulsant effects of CBZ, but these data do not support a role of the anticonvulsant action of carbamazepine on A1 adenosine receptors in cerebral cortex or hippocampus. JF - Epilepsia AU - Weir, R L AU - Anderson, S M AU - Daly, J W AD - Neurotoxicology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 503 EP - 512 VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0013-9580, 0013-9580 KW - Receptors, Purinergic KW - 0 KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - 2-Chloroadenosine KW - 146-77-0 KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine KW - 36396-99-3 KW - Theophylline KW - C137DTR5RG KW - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.49 KW - Adenosine KW - K72T3FS567 KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Animals KW - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase -- pharmacology KW - Membranes -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Binding Sites KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Receptors, Purinergic -- metabolism KW - Theophylline -- pharmacology KW - Binding, Competitive KW - 2-Chloroadenosine -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Adenosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Carbamazepine -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Adenosine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80004271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsia&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+N6-%5B3H%5Dcyclohexyladenosine+binding+by+carbamazepine.&rft.au=Weir%2C+R+L%3BAnderson%2C+S+M%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epilepsia&rft.issn=00139580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Translation of LINE-1 DNA elements in vitro and in human cells. AN - 80003521; 1698287 AB - The LINE-1 (L1) family of interspersed DNA sequences found throughout the human genome (L1 Homo sapiens, L1Hs) includes active transposable elements. Current models for the mechanism of transposition involve reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate and utilization of element-encoded proteins. We report that an antiserum against the polypeptide encoded by the L1Hs 5' open reading frame (ORF1) detects, in human cells, an endogenous ORF1 protein as well as the ORF1 product of an appropriate transfecting recombinant vector. The endogenous polypeptide is most abundant in teratocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma cells, among those cell lines tested; it appears to be a single species of approximately 38 kDa. In contrast, RNAs synthesized in vitro from cDNAs representing full-length, polyadenylylated cytoplasmic L1Hs RNA yield, upon in vitro translation, ORF1 products of slightly different sizes. This is consistent with the fact that the various cDNAs are different and represent transcription of different genomic L1Hs elements. In vitro studies additionally suggest that translation of ORF1 is initiated at the first AUG codon. Finally, in no case was an ORF1-ORF2 fusion protein detected. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Leibold, D M AU - Swergold, G D AU - Singer, M F AU - Thayer, R E AU - Dombroski, B A AU - Fanning, T G AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 6990 EP - 6994 VL - 87 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - 0 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genome, Human KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Reticulocytes -- metabolism KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Rabbits KW - Plasmids KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - DNA -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80003521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Translation+of+LINE-1+DNA+elements+in+vitro+and+in+human+cells.&rft.au=Leibold%2C+D+M%3BSwergold%2C+G+D%3BSinger%2C+M+F%3BThayer%2C+R+E%3BDombroski%2C+B+A%3BFanning%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Leibold&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6990&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genomics. 1987 Oct;1(2):113-25 [3692483] Annu Rev Microbiol. 1989;43:403-34 [2552899] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8887-91 [2554335] Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Nov;214(3):533-40 [2851098] Nature. 1988 Mar 10;332(6160):164-6 [2831458] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1929-33 [2538822] Nature. 1988 May 5;333(6168):87-90 [2834650] Mol Biol Evol. 1988 Nov;5(6):675-90 [2464735] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Oct;7(10):3438-45 [3683388] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(15):4944-8 [2410910] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2695-703 [3023945] Q Rev Biol. 1989 Mar;64(1):1-30 [2469098] Cell. 1989 Jan 13;56(1):85-92 [2463093] Nature. 1989 Jan 26;337(6205):364-8 [2463489] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1385-97 [2454389] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(18):6050-4 [2412228] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 26;15(20):8125-48 [3313277] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2315-9 [3857582] Trends Genet. 1990 Feb;6(2):29-30 [2159664] EMBO J. 1990 Apr;9(4):1177-85 [1691094] Int J Cancer. 1980 Sep 15;26(3):269-80 [6169654] Lab Invest. 1984 Feb;50(2):147-62 [6694356] Cell. 1978 Oct;15(2):687-701 [719759] Blood. 1979 Sep;54(3):713-33 [288488] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of patterned electrical activity on neurite outgrowth from mouse sensory neurons. AN - 79997051; 2398369 AB - A noninvasive method of electric stimulation was used in cell culture preparations to determine the effects of patterned electrical activity on the morphology and motility of mammalian central nervous system growth cones. Neurites from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of fetal mice were allowed to grow under the barrier of an insert placed in culture dishes. The insert confined the cell bodies within separate experimental and control compartments, and provided a means of exciting action potentials in the growing neurites by extracellular current pulses delivered across the barrier. A phasic pattern of stimulation caused immediate retraction of the filopodia and lamellipodium. Further outgrowth was halted and in many cases retraction of the neurite ensued. No changes in morphology or growth cone motility were evoked by electric stimulation when action potentials were blocked with 1 microM tetrodotoxin (TTX). These effects depended on the rate, pattern, and duration of stimulation. Phasic stimulation was more effective than stimulation with the same number of impulses delivered at a constant frequency. An important new observation was that cultures exposed to phasic stimulation for several hours contained actively growing neurites with normal growth cones which were insensitive to the stimulus. This apparent accommodation in neurites exposed to chronic stimulation may involve processes that regulate calcium conductance or buffering. Cessation of neurite outgrowth by action potentials could represent one mechanism linking morphological and functional characteristics in the developing CNS of mammals, by stabilizing the outgrowth of neurites forming appropriate synaptic contacts and leading to the retraction of growth cones from collaterals that have not formed appropriate contacts at the time the neuron enters into a functionally active circuit. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Fields, R D AU - Neale, E A AU - Nelson, P G AD - Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 2950 EP - 2964 VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 0270-6474, 0270-6474 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Action Potentials KW - Mice KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Axons -- drug effects KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- ultrastructure KW - Neurons, Afferent -- ultrastructure KW - Axons -- ultrastructure KW - Axons -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79997051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Effects+of+patterned+electrical+activity+on+neurite+outgrowth+from+mouse+sensory+neurons.&rft.au=Fields%2C+R+D%3BNeale%2C+E+A%3BNelson%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Fields&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2950&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=02706474&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antioxidant macromolecules in the epithelial lining fluid of the normal human lower respiratory tract. AN - 79976802; 2394842 AB - We hypothesized that the alveolar structures may contain extracellular macromolecules with antioxidant properties to defend against oxidants. To evaluate this 51Cr-labeled human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) and cat lung epithelial cells (AKD) were exposed to a H2O2-generating system and alveolar epithelial lining fluid (ELF) from healthy nonsmokers was tested for its ability to protect the lung cells from H2O2-mediated injury. The ELF provided marked antioxidant protection, with most from a H2O-soluble fraction in the 100-300-kD range. Plasma proteins with anti-H2O2 properties were in insufficient concentrations to provide the antioxidant protection observed. However, catalase, a normal intracellular antioxidant, was present in sufficient concentration to account for most of the observed anti-H2O2 properties of ELF. Depletion of ELF with an anticatalase antibody abolished the anti-H2O2 macromolecular defenses of ELF. Since catalase is not normally released by cells, a likely explanation for its presence in high concentrations in normal ELF is that it is released by lung inflammatory and parenchymal cells onto the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract during their normal turnover and collects there due to the slow turnover of ELF. It is likely that catalase in the ELF of normal individuals plays a role in protecting lung parenchymal cells against oxidants present in the extracellular milieu. JF - The Journal of clinical investigation AU - Cantin, A M AU - Fells, G A AU - Hubbard, R C AU - Crystal, R G AD - Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 962 EP - 971 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Blood Proteins KW - Isoenzymes KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Glutathione Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.9 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Glutathione Reductase KW - EC 1.8.1.7 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Catalase -- physiology KW - Blood Proteins -- physiology KW - Inflammation -- physiopathology KW - Glutathione Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- analysis KW - Glutathione Reductase -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Epithelium -- physiology KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Lung -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79976802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.atitle=Antioxidant+macromolecules+in+the+epithelial+lining+fluid+of+the+normal+human+lower+respiratory+tract.&rft.au=Cantin%2C+A+M%3BFells%2C+G+A%3BHubbard%2C+R+C%3BCrystal%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Cantin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=962&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Lab Clin Med. 1967 Jul;70(1):158-69 [6066618] J Lab Clin Med. 1963 Jan;61:76-85 [13945478] J Histochem Cytochem. 1971 Jun;19(6):339-48 [4104130] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1971 Sep;104(3):337-47 [4329143] Anal Biochem. 1971 Nov;44(1):301-5 [4109029] J Clin Invest. 1972 Mar;51(3):604-14 [5011103] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1972 Jun;150(2):606-17 [5044042] J Histochem Cytochem. 1972 Dec;20(12):1006-23 [4640962] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1974;41(0):35-97 [4371571] Blood. 1975 Feb;45(2):161-70 [1120184] Lab Invest. 1976 May;34(5):495-500 [1271751] Environ Health Perspect. 1976 Aug;16:161-76 [189998] Lipids. 1977 Jun;12(6):505-10 [577995] Biochem J. 1977 Nov 15;168(2):283-8 [597272] Biochemistry. 1978 Feb 7;17(3):520-8 [620005] N Engl J Med. 1978 Mar 30;298(13):721-5 [203852] Ann Intern Med. 1978 Jul;89(1):122-7 [208444] Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):875-80 [210504] Histochemistry. 1978 Jul 12;56(3-4):253-64 [211101] J Exp Med. 1978 Aug 1;148(2):435-50 [29935] Methods Enzymol. 1978;53:382-93 [362127] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Dec;118(6):1061-90 [369411] Lab Invest. 1979 Feb;40(2):221-6 [431040] Cell. 1979 Feb;16(2):415-23 [287566] Physiol Rev. 1979 Jul;59(3):527-605 [37532] Am J Pathol. 1979 Oct;97(1):149-206 [495693] J Clin Invest. 1979 Dec;64(6):1642-51 [500830] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Feb;77(2):1159-63 [6928666] Am J Med. 1980 Jul;69(1):117-26 [6992575] Annu Rev Biochem. 1980;49:695-726 [6250449] Methods Cell Biol. 1980;21A:37-64 [6997687] Ann Intern Med. 1980 Sep;93(3):480-9 [6254418] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Jan;123(1):85-9 [6257154] J Clin Invest. 1981 Apr;67(4):983-93 [6894154] J Biol Chem. 1981 Jul 25;256(14):7181-6 [6265440] Cell Immunol. 1981 Apr;59(2):301-18 [6269759] Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Jan 1;32(1):53-8 [6299298] Clin Chem. 1983 Apr;29(4):741-3 [6831725] Lung. 1983;161(2):99-109 [6221162] J Clin Invest. 1983 Sep;72(3):789-801 [6886005] Clin Sci (Lond). 1983 Dec;65(6):661-4 [6627851] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1983 Dec;227(3):749-54 [6655568] Exp Mol Pathol. 1984 Apr;40(2):262-70 [6705895] Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:121-6 [6727660] J Clin Invest. 1984 Jul;74(1):269-78 [6330175] Pediatr Res. 1985 Jan;19(1):19-22 [3969310] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Feb;60(2):532-8 [3512509] J Clin Invest. 1986 Mar;77(3):789-96 [3949977] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1987 Jul;63(1):152-7 [3040659] Physiol Rev. 1970 Jul;50(3):319-75 [4912904] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of clonidine on renal sympathetic nerve activity and norepinephrine spillover. AN - 79974733; 2168483 AB - The antihypertensive action of clonidine (CLO) depends mainly on decreased release of the sympathetic neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE), at vascular neuroeffector junctions. The decreased release can be due to stimulation of alpha-2 adrenoceptors or other receptors in the brain or due to stimulation of presynaptic inhibitory alpha-2 adrenoceptors on sympathetic nerve endings. To compare central and peripheral contributions to the depressor action of CLO, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and renal spillover of NE (RNEs) were measured at baseline and during reflexive increases in RSNA evoked by nitroprusside-induced hypotension (27, 50 and 105 micrograms/kg/min) before and after CLO treatment in adrenal-demedullated, anesthetized rats. Administration of CLO decreased RSNA by 52 +/- 8% and RNEs by 32 +/- 13% (means +/- S.E.M.). At levels of RSNA less than 50% above control, there were no significant changes in RNEs; above this level of activity RNEs increased, regardless of CLO treatment. CLO treatment did not alter significantly the relationship between increases in RSNA and in RNEs during nitroprusside-induced hypotension. The results suggest that in neurologically intact, anesthetized animals, CLO decreases renal NE release mainly by inhibiting sympathetic outflow, with little if any peripheral presynaptic action. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Garty, M AU - Deka-Starosta, A AU - Chang, P AU - Kopin, I J AU - Goldstein, D S AD - Clinical Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 1068 EP - 1075 VL - 254 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Catecholamines KW - 0 KW - Nitroprusside KW - 169D1260KM KW - Clonidine KW - MN3L5RMN02 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Hypotension -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Catecholamines -- blood KW - Adrenal Medulla -- surgery KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Nitroprusside -- adverse effects KW - Hypotension -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Hemodynamics -- drug effects KW - Renal Circulation -- drug effects KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Norepinephrine -- blood KW - Sympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Clonidine -- pharmacology KW - Kidney -- innervation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79974733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+clonidine+on+renal+sympathetic+nerve+activity+and+norepinephrine+spillover.&rft.au=Garty%2C+M%3BDeka-Starosta%2C+A%3BChang%2C+P%3BKopin%2C+I+J%3BGoldstein%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Garty&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=254&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1068&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in mood, craving, and sleep during short-term abstinence reported by male cocaine addicts. A controlled, residential study. AN - 79974249; 2393345 AB - We examined changes over 28 days in mood states, craving for cocaine, and sleep during short-term abstinence reported by 12 male, predominantly intravenous-using, cocaine-addicted subjects residing in a research facility. For comparison, we examined 10 nonaddicted control subjects. There were no significant differences between cocaine addicts and controls regarding demographics and selected DSM-III-R diagnoses other than psychoactive substance use disorder and antisocial personality disorder. There were significantly higher scores of psychiatric symptoms reported by cocaine addicts 1 week before admission. Mood-distress and depression scores recorded at admission and during short-term abstinence were significantly greater than those reported by controls. Addicts' mood-distress scores and craving for cocaine were greatest at admission and decreased gradually and steadily during the 28-day study. There were no significant differences between groups regarding reports of sleep other than difficulty falling asleep and clearheadedness on arising. Although there were significant differences in resting heart rate at admission and over time, there were no significant differences in weight gain or blood pressure. Given the absence of a classic "withdrawal" pattern, "short-term abstinence" may be a more appropriate classification of psychological and physical phenomena experienced by cocaine addicts who initiate abstinence in a controlled environment. JF - Archives of general psychiatry AU - Weddington, W W AU - Brown, B S AU - Haertzen, C A AU - Cone, E J AU - Dax, E M AU - Herning, R I AU - Michaelson, B S AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Md. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 861 EP - 868 VL - 47 IS - 9 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- diagnosis KW - Heart Rate KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Hospitalization KW - Blood Pressure KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- rehabilitation KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Weight Gain KW - Male KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- psychology KW - Psychological Tests KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Sleep Wake Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Mood Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- diagnosis KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79974249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Changes+in+mood%2C+craving%2C+and+sleep+during+short-term+abstinence+reported+by+male+cocaine+addicts.+A+controlled%2C+residential+study.&rft.au=Weddington%2C+W+W%3BBrown%2C+B+S%3BHaertzen%2C+C+A%3BCone%2C+E+J%3BDax%2C+E+M%3BHerning%2C+R+I%3BMichaelson%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Weddington&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of DNA fingerprints for cell-line individualization. AN - 79969558; 1975479 AB - DNA fingerprints of 46 human cell lines were derived using minisatellite probes for hypervariable genetic loci. The incidence of 121 HaeIII DNA fragments among 33 cell lines derived from unrelated individuals was used to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies for each fragment and for composite individual DNA fingerprints. We present a quantitative estimate of the extent of genetic difference between individuals, an estimate based on the percentage of restriction fragments at which they differ. The average percent difference (APD) among pairwise combinations from the population of 33 unrelated cell lines was 76.9%, compared with the APD in band sharing among cell lines derived from the same individual (less than or equal to 1.2%). Included in this survey were nine additional cell lines previously implicated as HeLa cell derivatives, and these lines were clearly confirmed as such by DNA fingerprints (APD less than or equal to 0.6%). On the basis of fragment frequencies in the tested cell line population, a simple genetic model was developed to estimate the frequencies of each DNA fingerprint in the population. The median incidence was 2.9 X 10(-17), and the range was 2.4 X 10(-21) to 6.6 X 10(-15). This value approximates the probability that a second cell line selected at random from unrelated individuals will match a given DNA fingerprint. Related calculations address the chance that any two DNA fingerprints would be identical among a large group of cell lines. This estimate is still very slight; for example, the chance of two or more common DNA fingerprints among 1 million distinct individuals is less than .001. The procedure provides a straightforward, easily interpreted, and statistically robust method for identification and individualization of human cells. JF - American journal of human genetics AU - Gilbert, D A AU - Reid, Y A AU - Gail, M H AU - Pee, D AU - White, C AU - Hay, R J AU - O'Brien, S J AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 499 EP - 514 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9297, 0002-9297 KW - DNA Probes KW - 0 KW - DNA, Satellite KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - HeLa Cells KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Models, Genetic KW - Humans KW - Cell Line KW - Genotype KW - Alleles KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - DNA -- genetics KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Nucleotide Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79969558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+human+genetics&rft.atitle=Application+of+DNA+fingerprints+for+cell-line+individualization.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+D+A%3BReid%2C+Y+A%3BGail%2C+M+H%3BPee%2C+D%3BWhite%2C+C%3BHay%2C+R+J%3BO%27Brien%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+human+genetics&rft.issn=00029297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1967 Sep;26:167-95 [4864103] Nature. 1987 May 14-20;327(6118):147-9 [3574474] Obstet Gynecol. 1971 Dec;38(6):945-9 [4942173] Science. 1976 Jan 9;191(4222):96-8 [1246601] Science. 1976 Jan 30;191(4225):392-4 [1246620] Nature. 1976 Jan 22;259(5540):211-3 [1250349] Science. 1974 Jun 7;184(4141):1093-6 [4469665] Science. 1977 Mar 25;195(4284):1345-8 [841332] In Vitro. 1980 Feb;16(2):119-35 [6988327] Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1980;27(4):216-31 [7002488] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6754-8 [6935681] Science. 1981 Apr 24;212(4493):446-52 [6451928] Nature. 1987 May 14-20;327(6118):149-52 [3574475] Anim Genet. 1987;18(1):1-15 [2886082] Cancer Res. 1988 Oct 15;48(20):5660-2 [3167823] Mol Biol Evol. 1988 Sep;5(5):584-99 [3193879] Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1988 Nov;14(6):519-25 [2904177] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Jun;5(3):253-5 [2567177] Nature. 1989 Jun 15;339(6225):501-5 [2567496] Harvey Lect. 1954-1955;50:154-229 [13306037] Nature. 1982 Jan 7;295(5844):31-5 [7035959] Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):553-63 [6297773] Nature. 1983 Sep 1-7;305(5929):58-60 [6888549] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991-5 [6326095] Nature. 1985 Mar 7-13;314(6006):67-73 [3856104] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jul 11;13(13):4613-22 [4022769] Nature. 1985 Oct 10-16;317(6037):542-4 [2995836] Nature. 1985 Oct 31-Nov 6;317(6040):818-9 [4058586] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Oct 25;13(20):7207-21 [4059056] Nature. 1985 Dec 12-18;318(6046):577-9 [3840867] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(2):446-50 [3455781] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jun 11;14(11):4605-16 [2423969] Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1616-22 [3029872] J Immunol. 1971 Aug;107(2):613-5 [5568777] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polyomavirus-based shuttle vectors for studying mechanisms of mutagenesis in rodent cells. AN - 79969442; 2168017 AB - We have constructed a series of polyomavirus-based shuttle vectors for analyzing mechanisms of mutagenesis in rodent cell systems. These vectors contain the supF suppressor tRNA gene which serves as the mutagenesis target; the pBR327 replication functions and ampr gene for replication and selection in bacteria; and the polyomavirus genome which permits replication in rodent cells. The polyoma genomes used in these vectors vary in their enhancer regions, causing varying efficiencies of replication in different types of rodent cells. One of the vectors (pPySLPT-2) which replicates particularly well in several different rodent cell types (i.e., Chinese hamster ovary, mouse hepatoma and mouse lymphoma) was used to compare mutation induction by UV radiation in UV repair-deficient mouse lymphoma L5178Y-R cells with mutagenesis in the related UV repair-proficient line, L5178Y-S. In both cell types, UV-induced mutants could be recovered at frequencies up to 50-fold higher than that of the spontaneous background. At a given UV fluence the L5178Y-R cells were more highly mutable than the L5178Y-S cells. Our results indicate that these new polyomavirus-based vectors should be useful for analysis of the molecular mechanisms of mutation induction in rodent cell systems, and in particular should allow detailed analysis of mutagenesis in the well characterized rodent somatic cell mutants. JF - Mutation research AU - Zernik-Kobak, M AU - Pirsel, M AU - Doniger, J AU - DiPaolo, J A AU - Levine, A S AU - Dixon, K AD - Section on Viruses and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 242 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - DNA Repair -- radiation effects KW - Animals KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Base Sequence KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Gene Frequency KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Genes, Viral KW - DNA Replication KW - DNA, Viral -- radiation effects KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Polyomavirus -- genetics KW - Rodentia -- genetics KW - Polyomavirus -- growth & development KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79969442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Polyomavirus-based+shuttle+vectors+for+studying+mechanisms+of+mutagenesis+in+rodent+cells.&rft.au=Zernik-Kobak%2C+M%3BPirsel%2C+M%3BDoniger%2C+J%3BDiPaolo%2C+J+A%3BLevine%2C+A+S%3BDixon%2C+K&rft.aulast=Zernik-Kobak&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1,3-Dialkyl-3-acyltriazenes, a novel class of antineoplastic alkylating agents. AN - 79968722; 2391696 AB - Aliphatic triazenes, such as 1,3-dimethyltriazene, are potent biological alkylating agents because they form alkyldiazonium ions. They are also subject to very rapid proteolytic decomposition, even at physiological pH. The acylated analogues 1,3-dialkyl-3-acyltrizenes are much more stable in aqueous solution, but they also give rise to alkyldiazonium ions. Four acylated 1,3-dimethyltriazenes, where the acyl groups were diethylphosphoryl (DMP), carbethoxy (DMC), acetyl (DMA), and N-methylcarbamoyl (DMM), were studied kinetically. Rate-pH profiles indicated that the acyl group had a profound effect on the mechanism of decomposition. The cytotoxic potential of all four compounds was studied in vitro by using the MTT-tetrazolium assay. The compounds had fair-to-good activity against some cell lines, particularly those deficient in methylation repair. In vivo assays of DMC and DMM against several tumor xenografts in nude mice showed promising activity for some cancers, particularly in the case of DMM. In vitro assays were also carried out on three 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-methyl-3-acyltriazenes. The acyl groups were carbethoxy (CMC), acetyl (CMA), and N-methylcarbamoyl (CMM). The activity of these compounds largely paralleled that of bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea (BCNU), except for those cell lines which exhibited the Rem phenotype; triazenes were more active in those lines than BCNU. The in vivo activity of CMC, CMA, and CMM was tested in the P388 leukemia assay. All three were active but CMC and CMA proved to be rather toxic. CMM was well tolerated and was examined in several tumor xenografts in nude mice. Significant activity was found against MX-1 mammary carcinoma, against LX-1 small cell lung carcinoma, and particularly against LOX amelanotic melanoma, where complete cures were effected. The antineoplastic activity of the acyltriazenes is well-correlated with their chemical behavior. JF - Journal of medicinal chemistry AU - Smith, R H AU - Scudiero, D A AU - Michejda, C J AD - Laboratory of Chemical and Physical Carcinogenesis, ABL-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 2579 EP - 2583 VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Triazenes KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry KW - Half-Life KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Alkylating Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Triazenes -- therapeutic use KW - Triazenes -- chemical synthesis KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- chemical synthesis KW - Alkylating Agents -- chemical synthesis KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Triazenes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79968722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=1%2C3-Dialkyl-3-acyltriazenes%2C+a+novel+class+of+antineoplastic+alkylating+agents.&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+H%3BScudiero%2C+D+A%3BMichejda%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational risks of bladder cancer among white women in the United States. AN - 79958760; 2389750 AB - The relation between occupation and bladder cancer in women was examined based on data collected during the National Bladder Cancer Study, a population-based, case-control study conducted in 10 areas of the United States. Occupational hazards among women have received little attention in previous bladder cancer studies, in part because most studies have included too few females to accurately estimate risks. In this large case-control study, 652 white female bladder cancer patients and 1,266 white female controls were interviewed to obtain lifetime occupational histories. Patterns of bladder cancer risk by occupation in women tended to be similar to those previously observed among men. Increased risk was apparent for women ever employed in metal working and fabrication occupations (relative risk (RR) = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-2.6). Within this summary occupation category, punch and stamping press operatives had a significant trend in risk with increasing duration of employment (p = 0.012); the RR for women employed 5 years or more was 5.6 (95% CI 1.4-26.4). The authors also observed an increased risk for women employed as chemical processing workers (RR = 2.1; 95% CI 0.9-5.1 = with a significant, contrast, a decreased risk was apparent for female textile workers (RR = 0.6; 95% CI 0.3-1.1) with a significant, negative trend in risk with increasing duration of employment (p = 0.031); the relative risk for textile workers employed 10 years or more was 0.4. The authors estimate that 11% of bladder cancer diagnosed among white women in the United States is attributable to occupational exposures; this percentage is considerably lower than the 21-25% previously reported for white men in this study. JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Silverman, D T AU - Levin, L I AU - Hoover, R N AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 453 EP - 461 VL - 132 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79958760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Occupational+risks+of+bladder+cancer+among+white+women+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Silverman%2C+D+T%3BLevin%2C+L+I%3BHoover%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of surfactant protein (SP-A) biosynthesis and SP-A mRNA in activated type II cells during acute silicosis in rats. AN - 79956231; 2167698 AB - The synthesis of the major surfactant protein, SP-A, was studied in activated alveolar type II cells isolated from the lungs of rats exposed to silica by intratracheal instillation. Exposure of rats to silica resulted in large increases in the levels of disaturated phosphatidylcholine and SP-A in the extracellular and intracellular surfactant compartments. Isolated type II cells were used to determine if the observed increases in SP-A were associated with increased SP-A synthesis. Type II cells were isolated by a combination of elastase digestion, centrifugal elutriation, and differential adherence on IgG-coated petri dishes. Type II cells from silica-treated lungs were separated into two populations, designated type IIA and type IIB. The type IIB, or activated population, consisted of type II cells that were larger than normal type II cells and, in addition, contained larger and more numerous lamellar bodies than normal type II cells. Type IIB cells contained 4.3-fold higher levels of SP-A compared to normal type II cells. SP-A synthesis was measured by incubating freshly isolated cells with [35S]Translabel (70% [35S]methionine, 15% [35S]cysteine) for up to 4 h in methionine-free medium, followed by immunoprecipitation of newly synthesized protein. The rate of SP-A synthesis was increased approximately 6.7-fold in the activated type II cells. Analysis of the newly synthesized protein by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE indicated three intracellular forms of SP-A with molecular weights of approximately 26,000, 30,000, and 34,000. In type II cells from control rats, the 34-kD protein accounted for approximately 93% of the newly synthesized SP-A after 4 h of incubation; only a small amount of radioactivity was associated with the lower molecular weight species. The increased biosynthesis of SP-A in the activated type II cells was associated with a 7.3-fold increase in the level of SP-A mRNA. These results indicate that the content and synthesis of SP-A are both highly elevated in activated type II cells and that these increases may be due to increased levels of SP-A mRNA. JF - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology AU - Miller, B E AU - Bakewell, W E AU - Katyal, S L AU - Singh, G AU - Hook, G E AD - Laboratory of Pulmonary Pathobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 217 EP - 226 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1044-1549, 1044-1549 KW - Anti-Infective Agents KW - 0 KW - Glycoproteins KW - Proteolipids KW - Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A KW - Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins KW - Pulmonary Surfactants KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Silicon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Glycoproteins -- metabolism KW - Rabbits KW - Male KW - Proteolipids -- genetics KW - Silicosis -- metabolism KW - Anti-Infective Agents -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Pulmonary Surfactants -- genetics KW - Pulmonary Surfactants -- biosynthesis KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- drug effects KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- cytology KW - Proteolipids -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79956231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+surfactant+protein+%28SP-A%29+biosynthesis+and+SP-A+mRNA+in+activated+type+II+cells+during+acute+silicosis+in+rats.&rft.au=Miller%2C+B+E%3BBakewell%2C+W+E%3BKatyal%2C+S+L%3BSingh%2C+G%3BHook%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=10441549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variants selected by treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells with an immunotoxin. AN - 79954211; 1696955 AB - An immunotoxin has been made by coupling anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope antibody 907 to ricin A chain (907-RAC). 907 recognizes an epitope within the immunodominant PB-1 loop of gp120. Variant cells were selected by cloning persistently infected H9/human T lymphocyte virus IIIB cells in the presence of the immunotoxin. Clones resistant to 907-RAC arose at a frequency of 0.1-1.0%. Seven clones were selected for intensive analysis. When studied, these clones fell into two distinct groups, members of which appeared to be identical, suggesting that the variation arose before the selection process. In contrast to the parent cells, none of the cloned variants produced infectious HIV. The first set of clones, designated the "E" variants, expressed decreased levels of the HIV envelope on the cell surface. However, levels of intracellular HIV antigens and reverse transcriptase were equal to or greater than that of the parental cell line. Radioimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that the gp160 was truncated to 145 kD (gp120 was normal length), capable of binding to CD4, and, unlike normal gp160, was released in its unprocessed form into the cellular supernatant. Sequence analysis demonstrated that a deletion at codon 687 of the envelope gene resulted in the production of this truncated protein. Ultrastructural analysis of E variants demonstrated some budding forms of virus, but also large numbers of HIV within intracellular vesicles. The second set of variants, the "F" series, produced no HIV antigens, reverse transcriptase, nor was there ultrastructural evidence of virus. However, proviral DNA was present. Virus could not be induced with agents known to activate latent HIV. These cells also lacked cell surface CD4 and could not be infected with HIV. These studies demonstrate that variation in HIV can affect the phenotype of the cells carrying the altered virus, allowing for escape from immunologic destruction. The E variants may serve as prototypes for attenuated HIV, which could be used as a vaccine. We have reconstructed the mutation found in the E variants within the infectious HIV clone HXB-2 and demonstrated that the resulting virus retains its noninfectious phenotype. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Pincus, S H AU - Wehrly, K AU - Tschachler, E AU - Hayes, S F AU - Buller, R S AU - Reitz, M AD - Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 745 EP - 757 VL - 172 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - DNA, Viral KW - Epitopes KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Viral Envelope Proteins KW - Viral Structural Proteins KW - Ricin KW - 9009-86-3 KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Clone Cells KW - Genetic Variation KW - Humans KW - HeLa Cells -- immunology KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Epitopes -- analysis KW - Base Sequence KW - Antigens, CD4 -- analysis KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Genes, Viral KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- genetics KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- immunology KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- genetics KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Ricin -- pharmacology KW - HIV -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79954211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Variants+selected+by+treatment+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus-infected+cells+with+an+immunotoxin.&rft.au=Pincus%2C+S+H%3BWehrly%2C+K%3BTschachler%2C+E%3BHayes%2C+S+F%3BBuller%2C+R+S%3BReitz%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pincus&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Virol. 1986 Aug;59(2):284-91 [3016298] J Exp Med. 1975 Oct 1;142(4):864-76 [1176889] Cell. 1988 May 6;53(3):483-96 [2966682] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4539-43 [2989831] Nature. 1988 Apr 21;332(6166):728-31 [3162762] N Engl J Med. 1989 Oct 26;321(17):1141-8 [2477702] Science. 1988 Nov 25;242(4882):1171-3 [2460925] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5200-4 [2455898] Science. 1988 May 6;240(4853):719-21 [2834823] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(12):4710-4 [2471977] J Virol. 1989 Sep;63(9):3748-54 [2788223] Nature. 1988 Aug 4;334(6181):444-7 [2841608] Cell. 1988 Jul 1;54(1):57-63 [2838179] Arch Virol. 1988;101(3-4):169-82 [2845890] J Immunol. 1986 Dec 15;137(12):3983-9 [3097139] J Exp Med. 1987 Jul 1;166(1):43-62 [3110351] J Virol. 1988 Oct;62(10):3779-88 [3047430] Science. 1989 Dec 1;246(4934):1155-8 [2479983] Science. 1989 Mar 31;243(4899):1731-4 [2467383] Science. 1988 Nov 25;242(4882):1168-71 [2460924] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5225-9 [2455899] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1932-6 [2450351] Nature. 1986 Dec 11-17;324(6097):572-5 [2431324] Nature. 1985 Jul 18-24;316(6025):262-5 [2410792] J Virol. 1989 May;63(5):2118-25 [2564898] Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1293-7 [2555923] Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1233-4 [2555922] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(16):6353-7 [2548210] Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):385-8, 340 [2542797] J Immunol. 1989 May 1;142(9):3070-5 [2540236] J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4709-14 [2795718] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8 [2784570] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6768-72 [2771954] J Exp Med. 1988 Dec 1;168(6):1953-69 [3264318] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9234-7 [3194422] Science. 1987 Sep 11;237(4820):1351-5 [3629244] J Biol Chem. 1984 Aug 25;259(16):10539-44 [6206055] J Virol. 1981 Apr;38(1):239-48 [6165830] Virology. 1984 Jul 15;136(1):196-210 [6330991] Mol Immunol. 1982 Dec;19(12):1551-9 [6219282] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jan;77(1):57-61 [6928645] Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):600-2 [3003906] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional control of the rat hepatic CYP2E1 gene. AN - 79953835; 2388615 AB - The rat hepatic CYP2E1 gene becomes transcriptionally activated within 1 day after birth. This activation can be mimicked by using the 5' end of the gene in a cell-free nuclear extract prepared from hepatocytes taken from rats at different developmental stages. Deletion analysis revealed that a positive element located between -127 and -89 was responsible for 90% of the in vitro transcription activity of adult liver extracts. Protein binding studies revealed that this region was operationally equivalent to the binding site for the factor HNF-1. Two other protein-binding regions were uncovered, one of which corresponded to the site for a CCAAT-binding factor NFY. The other site was a palindrome sequence unique to the CYP2E1 gene. These latter two factors did not significantly contribute to transcriptional activity in vitro and were not conserved between the rat and human CYP2E1 genes. Extracts prepared from fetal and newborn livers were transcriptionally inactive, whereas extracts from livers of 3-day-old rats were fully active toward the CYP2E1 gene. DNase I footprinting patterns indistinguishable between fetal and adult extracts were obtained for all three factors. However, gel mobility shift assays revealed a second, higher-mobility band produced by fetal and newborn liver extracts bound to the HNF-1 oligomer. UV-cross-linking studies showed that adult and fetal extracts had only a single 98-kilodalton protein that bound to this oligomer. In contrast, adult lung samples, also transcriptionally inactive toward the CYP2E1 gene, contained two proteins of slightly greater than 110 kilodaltons. These results suggest that the CYP2E1 gene is positively regulated in adult rats by HNF-1 or a protein similar in DNA-binding properties to HNF-1. The role of this factor or other protein-protein interactions in the lack of CYP2E1 transcription in fetal and newborn animals remains unclear. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Ueno, T AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 4495 EP - 4505 VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Deoxyribonuclease I KW - EC 3.1.21.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Templates, Genetic KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Plasmids KW - Genes KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Transcription, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79953835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+control+of+the+rat+hepatic+CYP2E1+gene.&rft.au=Ueno%2C+T%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Ueno&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1985 Nov 5;260(25):13607-12 [4055750] Cell Growth Differ. 1990 Jan;1(1):47-52 [2078499] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 25;261(21):9721-6 [3015903] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Aug;5(8):1948-58 [3018539] Cell. 1986 Dec 5;47(5):767-76 [3779841] Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):79-89 [3024847] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4723-33 [3796614] Cell. 1987 Aug 14;50(4):627-38 [3607880] Biochemistry. 1987 Apr 21;26(8):2280-9 [3113478] Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):688-92 [3499668] Genes Dev. 1987 Apr;1(2):133-46 [2824279] Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):963-73 [3690666] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(3):757-61 [3422457] J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 5;263(10):4956-62 [2832413] J Cell Physiol. 1988 Mar;134(3):309-23 [3350857] J Mol Biol. 1988 Jan 5;199(1):83-93 [2451026] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 5;263(19):9063-6 [2837474] EMBO J. 1988 Jul;7(7):2075-87 [3262058] Genes Dev. 1988 Aug;2(8):957-74 [3169549] EMBO J. 1988 Aug;7(8):2485-93 [2847919] Genes Dev. 1988 Jul;2(7):786-800 [2850264] J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 25;264(6):3568-72 [2914964] Biochemistry. 1988 Dec 13;27(25):9006-13 [3233219] DNA. 1989 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-13 [2651058] Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Sep;5(9):3157-70 [212715] Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499-560 [6246368] Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505-25 [6275366] Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):357-69 [6537904] Eur J Biochem. 1984 Jul 2;142(1):165-70 [6547671] Pharmacol Rev. 1988 Dec;40(4):243-88 [3072575] Endocrinology. 1989 Jun;124(6):2954-66 [2785912] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jun 5;264(16):9657-64 [2542317] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1415-25 [2786140] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1566-75 [2725515] Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1179-87 [2736625] Cell. 1989 Oct 6;59(1):145-57 [2571419] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Oct;9(10):4409-15 [2586516] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):4923-31 [2601701] Cell. 1990 Feb 9;60(3):375-86 [2302733] Cell. 1990 Apr 20;61(2):279-91 [2331750] Genes Dev. 1990 Mar;4(3):372-9 [1970973] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(11):4320-4 [2140898] J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 25;265(18):10173-6 [2191945] EMBO J. 1990 Jul;9(7):2257-63 [2357969] Mol Endocrinol. 1987 Aug;1(8):542-7 [3153476] Cell. 1986 Feb 28;44(4):565-76 [3004739] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on colony formation and intercellular communication in a coculture system of JB6 clones. AN - 79948819; 2386963 AB - Disruption of intercellular communication (IC) by tumor promoters has been implicated as one of the major events in the promotion process. We studied the effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on IC in relation to colony formation (CF) in a coculture system of mouse epidermal JB6 cells, including unpromotable, promotable, and transformed clones. CF was evaluated in cocultures where cells were overlaid onto irradiated mat cells. IC was evaluated by the dye transfer assay in cocultures where overlaid cells were labeled with fluorescent beads. Enhancement of CF by TPA was observed in combinations where promotable clones were used as overlays. However, suppression of IC by TPA was observed in all clones of overlaid cells (day 1) and did not correlate satisfactorily to subsequent CF. Growth-arrested cells retained their capability to communicate with mat cells, while IC between colony-forming cells and mat cells was disrupted during CF (day 5), implying that selective communication is an event secondary to CF. It is suggested that in our experimental model, short-term suppression of IC by TPA may not be sufficient to explain subsequent colony formation and that other factors should be considered. JF - Cancer research AU - Yamadori, I AU - Heine, U I AU - Kenney, S AU - Riggs, C W AU - Rice, J M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 5567 EP - 5573 VL - 50 IS - 17 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Isoquinolines KW - lucifer yellow KW - 9654F8OVKE KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Epidermis KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Cell Aggregation -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79948819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Effect+of+12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate+on+colony+formation+and+intercellular+communication+in+a+coculture+system+of+JB6+clones.&rft.au=Yamadori%2C+I%3BHeine%2C+U+I%3BKenney%2C+S%3BRiggs%2C+C+W%3BRice%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Yamadori&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=5567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term toxicity/activity profile of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in AIDS or AIDS-related complex. AN - 79947808; 1975038 AB - To evaluate the long-term toxicity and activity profile of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI), a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, in vitro. 58 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex were studied with additional reference to the effect of previous treatment with zidovudine, and the effect of ddI on HIV-induced cognitive dysfunction. Doses above 9.6 mg/kg per day of ddI were frequently associated with toxicity (peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, or hepatitis). Doses of 9.6 mg/kg per day or below were well tolerated for up to 21 months. A subset of patients receiving 3.2-9.6 mg/kg per day of ddI had long-term immunological improvement and reduction of serum HIV p24 antigen. Immunological changes were especially seen in patients who had little previous zidovudine therapy. 5 patients with HIV-induced cognitive impairment improved with ddI. Thus, ddI may have anti-HIV activity at doses which are tolerated for long-term therapy, although pancreatitis could be a life-threatening complication. JF - Lancet (London, England) AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Pluda, J M AU - Thomas, R V AU - Mitsuya, H AU - Brouwers, P AU - Wyvill, K M AU - Hartman, N AU - Johns, D G AU - Broder, S AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 526 EP - 529 VL - 336 IS - 8714 SN - 0140-6736, 0140-6736 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Drug Evaluation KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - AIDS Dementia Complex -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - AIDS Dementia Complex -- immunology KW - Male KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Female KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- immunology KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- drug therapy KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology KW - Didanosine -- administration & dosage KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Didanosine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Long-term+toxicity%2Factivity+profile+of+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxyinosine+in+AIDS+or+AIDS-related+complex.&rft.au=Yarchoan%2C+R%3BPluda%2C+J+M%3BThomas%2C+R+V%3BMitsuya%2C+H%3BBrouwers%2C+P%3BWyvill%2C+K+M%3BHartman%2C+N%3BJohns%2C+D+G%3BBroder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Yarchoan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=336&rft.issue=8714&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=01406736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Lancet. 1990 Dec 15;336(8729):1515 [1979129] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the multistep nature of in vitro human epithelial cell carcinogenesis. AN - 79947165; 2167163 AB - In keeping with the multistep development of human cancer in vivo, a stepwise approach to neoplastic transformation in vitro presents a reasonable strategy. We have recently developed an in vitro multistep model suitable for the study of human epithelial cell carcinogenesis. Upon infection with the adenovirus 12-simian virus 40 hybrid virus, primary human epidermal keratinocytes acquired an indefinite life span in culture but did not undergo malignant conversion. Subsequent addition of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus and human ras oncogene or chemical carcinogens (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide) to these cells induced morphological alterations and the acquisition of neoplastic properties. Subsequently it was found that this line could be transformed neoplastically by a variety of retrovirus-containing H-ras, bas, fes, fms, erbB, and src oncogenes. In addition, we found that the immortalized human epidermal keratinocyte (RHEK-1) line can be transformed neoplastically by exposure to ionizing radiation. Thus, this in vitro system may be useful in studying the interaction of a variety of carcinogenic agents and human epithelial cells. These findings demonstrate the malignant transformation of human primary epithelial cells in culture by the combined action of viruses, oncogenes, chemical carcinogens, or X-ray irradiation and support a multistep process for neoplastic conversion. JF - Cancer research AU - Rhim, J S AU - Yoo, J H AU - Park, J H AU - Thraves, P AU - Salehi, Z AU - Dritschilo, A AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 5653S EP - 5657S VL - 50 IS - 17 Suppl SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genes, ras KW - Simian virus 40 -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Epithelium -- radiation effects KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Cell Line KW - Adenoviridae -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+multistep+nature+of+in+vitro+human+epithelial+cell+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Rhim%2C+J+S%3BYoo%2C+J+H%3BPark%2C+J+H%3BThraves%2C+P%3BSalehi%2C+Z%3BDritschilo%2C+A&rft.aulast=Rhim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17+Suppl&rft.spage=5653S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antitumor effects of alpha-interferon and gamma-interferon on a murine renal cancer (Renca) in vitro and in vivo. AN - 79946411; 2117482 AB - Previous studies have shown that established murine renal cancer (Renca) can be successfully treated with the investigational drug flavone acetic acid (FAA) used in combination with recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2). Additional experiments demonstrated that the in vivo administration of FAA rapidly induced the expression of the genes, as well as the biologically active proteins, for alpha- and beta-interferons (IFNs) as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha. Both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma have been shown to have direct antiproliferative effects against some tumors, as well as being potent immunodulators for the induction of antitumor effector cells. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the ability of IFN-alpha and/or IFN-gamma to mediate direct antiproliferative effects against Renca in vitro as well as to cause regression of Renca in vivo. The present study confirms that RAA and/or IL-2 are inactive against Renca in vitro, further suggesting an indirect mechanism for FAA-induced antitumor effects in vivo. However, the exposure of Renca in vitro to recombinant human IFN-alpha A/D, murine IFN-alpha or murine IFN-beta resulted in a dose dependent growth inhibition of Renca as assessed by the microculture tetrazolium dye incorporation assay. Very little growth inhibition was induced by recombinant murine IFN-gamma. Interestingly, IFN-alpha (100-1000 units/ml) when combined with very low doses of recombinant murine IFN-gamma (1-10 units/ml) yielded significantly more pronounced growth inhibition than either cytokine alone. This effect was most evident by 5 days of culture where combinations of 100-1000 units/ml recombinant human IFN-alpha A/D with 1-5 units/ml recombinant murine IFN-gamma yielded growth inhibition in the range of 45-99%. In order to determine whether the mechanisms for the antitumor activity of recombinant human IFN-alpha A/D and recombinant murine IFN-gamma was due to their direct antiproliferative effects, we also studied the efficacy of these combinations against i.p. Renca in athymic mice. In contrast to the potent antitumor effects observed in euthymic mice, the combination of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma only slightly increased mean survival times in athymic mice and no long term survivors were obtained. Subsequent studies demonstrated that most mice (77%) cured of peritoneal Renca by recombinant human IFN-alpha A/D plus recombinant murine IFN-gamma were immune to rechallenge. Therefore the combination of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma may directly inhibit the growth of Renca, but a major effect of IFNs in vivo must be to contribute to the induction of an anti-Renca immune response. JF - Cancer research AU - Sayers, T J AU - Wiltrout, T A AU - McCormick, K AU - Husted, C AU - Wiltrout, R H AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Development Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 5414 EP - 5420 VL - 50 IS - 17 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic KW - 0 KW - Flavonoids KW - Interferon Type I KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - flavone acetic acid KW - 87626-55-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Doxorubicin -- therapeutic use KW - Flavonoids -- pharmacology KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Male KW - Cell Line KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Interferon-gamma -- therapeutic use KW - Interferon Type I -- pharmacology KW - Interferon Type I -- therapeutic use KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79946411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Antitumor+effects+of+alpha-interferon+and+gamma-interferon+on+a+murine+renal+cancer+%28Renca%29+in+vitro+and+in+vivo.&rft.au=Sayers%2C+T+J%3BWiltrout%2C+T+A%3BMcCormick%2C+K%3BHusted%2C+C%3BWiltrout%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Sayers&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=5414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photosensitizing dyes for the selection of nontumorigenic revertants from human lung cancer cell lines. AN - 79946200; 2386942 AB - Certain positively charged, lipophilic dyes have been noted by various authors to localize selectively in the mitochondria of carcinoma cells. Oseroff et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83:9729-9733, 1986) studied 10 carcinoma-specific mitochondrial photosensitizers and judged N,N'-bis(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)kryptocyanine (EDKC) to be the most effective in selective carcinoma cell photolysis, a system where light-absorbing molecules accumulate only in carcinoma cells and on illumination initiate a reaction that kills or damages those cells. The present study duplicated the published EDKC retention result for the normal monkey kidney epithelial cell line CV-1. A series of nontumorigenic and tumorigenic human bronchial epithelial and human pleural mesothelial cells were assayed for EDKC uptake and retention, with the intent of using selective carcinoma cell photolysis to isolate nontumorigenic revertants of the tumorigenic lung cell lines. In addition, the uptake and retention of the fluorescent, mitochondria- and carcinoma-specific dye rhodamine-123 were surveyed in a series of hybrids between tumorigenic and nontumorigenic human bronchial epithelial cells. The half-life of dye retention ranged from 6 to 12 h in all the bronchial epithelial and mesothelial cells studied, with little or no dye selectivity for tumorigenic cells. When EDKC-retaining bronchial epithelial cells were illuminated with red light, significant reductions in short term viability and colony-forming efficiency were seen, which became more pronounced as light and dye doses were increased. However, these effects did not correlate with tumorigenicity within the cell series. The method, therefore, does not appear generally useful for the selection of nontumorigenic variants of human bronchial epithelial or pleural mesothelial cancers of the lung. JF - Cancer research AU - McDonald, J W AU - Brash, D E AU - Oseroff, A R AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Sep 01 SP - 5369 EP - 5373 VL - 50 IS - 17 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Carbocyanines KW - 0 KW - Coloring Agents KW - Quinolines KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents KW - N,N'-bis(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)kryptocyanine KW - 106789-30-4 KW - Rubidium KW - MLT4718TJW KW - Index Medicus KW - Rubidium -- metabolism KW - Photolysis KW - Lung Neoplasms KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Light KW - Carbocyanines -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Quinolines -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents -- pharmacology KW - Carbocyanines -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79946200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Photosensitizing+dyes+for+the+selection+of+nontumorigenic+revertants+from+human+lung+cancer+cell+lines.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+J+W%3BBrash%2C+D+E%3BOseroff%2C+A+R%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=5369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct and cytokine-mediated activation of protein kinase C induces human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected promonocytic cells. AN - 79941075; 2200885 AB - The chronically infected promonocytic clone U1 expresses low-to-undetectable constitutive levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Virus replication in these cells can be increased up to 25-fold by phorbol esters (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate), recombinant cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and cytokine-enriched mononuclear cell supernatants. We have tested specific activators of protein kinases (PK) and PK inhibitors (isoquinolinesulfonamide derivatives), as well as calcium-mobilizing agents, for their effect on constitutive and induced virus expression in U1 cells. Virus expression was measured by reverse transcriptase, Western blot, and nuclear run-on analysis. Activation of PKC by 1-oleyl,2-acetylglycerol, a synthetic analog of the natural ligand 1,2-diacylglycerol, and bryostatin 1 (a recently described specific PKC activator) resulted in a two- to eightfold increase in virus production. In contrast, activators of cyclic-nucleotide-dependent PKs were not effective in inducing virus expression. PK inhibitors were tested for their effect on HIV upregulation by cytokines and other inducing agents. The isoquinolinesulfonamide derivative H7, a potent inhibitor of PKC activation, effectively blocked (70 to 90%) HIV induction by cytokines and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. The derivative HA1004, which is more selective for cyclic-nucleotide-dependent kinases, did not suppress viral induction. In addition, increases in intracellular calcium levels dramatically enhanced HIV production induced by both specific PKC activators and cytokines. These results indicate that activation of PKC is a common pathway involved in the upregulation of HIV expression in chronically infected cells stimulated by cytokines and other inducing agents. JF - Journal of virology AU - Kinter, A L AU - Poli, G AU - Maury, W AU - Folks, T M AU - Fauci, A S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 4306 EP - 4312 VL - 64 IS - 9 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Biological Factors KW - 0 KW - Bryostatins KW - Cytokines KW - Diglycerides KW - Lactones KW - Macrolides KW - Mitogens KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Viral Proteins KW - bryostatin 1 KW - 37O2X55Y9E KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol KW - 86390-77-4 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Virus Replication KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - Viral Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Humans KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Viral Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Lactones -- pharmacology KW - Diglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute KW - Cell Line KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - HIV -- physiology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Biological Factors -- pharmacology KW - HIV -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79941075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Direct+and+cytokine-mediated+activation+of+protein+kinase+C+induces+human+immunodeficiency+virus+expression+in+chronically+infected+promonocytic+cells.&rft.au=Kinter%2C+A+L%3BPoli%2C+G%3BMaury%2C+W%3BFolks%2C+T+M%3BFauci%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Kinter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1987 Mar 15;138(6):1719-23 [3493285] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1364-8 [3103133] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):711-3 [3031512] Cancer Res. 1987 Jul 1;47(13):3344-50 [3034410] Immunol Rev. 1987 Jun;97:5-27 [2957307] Lancet. 1987 Sep 12;2(8559):589-93 [2887886] FEBS Lett. 1987 Oct 19;223(1):97-103 [2822483] Nature. 1987 Nov 19-25;330(6145):266-9 [3118220] Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):800-2 [3313729] Blood. 1988 Jan;71(1):230-3 [2825845] Science. 1988 Jan 15;239(4837):295-7 [3336784] Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):617-22 [3277274] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1117-22 [2449497] J Exp Med. 1988 Apr 1;167(4):1428-41 [3258626] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 25;263(18):8671-6 [3379039] Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1481-5 [3262235] Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1673-5 [3047875] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7197-201 [3174627] Science. 1988 Nov 11;242(4880):919-22 [2460922] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):431-8 [2463307] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):702-7 [2536062] J Exp Med. 1989 Mar 1;169(3):933-51 [2538549] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2336-40 [2494664] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8 [2784570] Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):575-7 [2470148] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989 Jul 5;81(13):982-7 [2659804] J Virol. 1989 Sep;63(9):3784-91 [2788224] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5974-8 [2762307] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):375-84 [2475151] J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4438-40 [2550674] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):782-5 [2300561] J Immunol. 1990 Jun 15;144(12):4628-32 [1972163] J Exp Med. 1990 Jul 1;172(1):151-8 [2193094] Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156-9 [2440339] Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):718-49 [6154876] Endocrinology. 1982 Sep;111(3):849-56 [6286284] Biochemistry. 1984 Oct 9;23(21):5036-41 [6238627] J Leukoc Biol. 1985 Apr;37(4):407-22 [3855947] Am J Pathol. 1985 Apr;119(1):111-26 [2984940] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4539-43 [2989831] Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1400-2 [2994222] N Engl J Med. 1986 Apr 24;314(17):1094-101 [2870434] N Engl J Med. 1986 May 1;314(18):1164-70 [3007987] J Immunol. 1986 Jun 1;136(11):4049-53 [2422271] Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1554-6 [3012779] Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215-9 [3014648] J Virol. 1986 Aug;59(2):284-91 [3016298] Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1089-93 [3016903] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(18):7089-93 [3018755] Fed Proc. 1986 Nov;45(12):2829-36 [2429878] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5350-4 [414220] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delayed increases in regional brain quinolinic acid follow transient ischemia in the gerbil. AN - 79935512; 1696582 AB - Excessive activity or release of excitatory amino acids has been implicated in the neuronal injury that follows transient cerebral ischemia. To investigate the metabolism of the endogenous excitotoxin, quinolinic acid, and its potential for mediating cell loss following ischemia, the concentrations of quinolinic acid, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were quantified in gerbil brain regions at different times after 5 or 15 min of ischemia induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion. Significant elevation of brain tryptophan levels, accompanied by increased 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations, occurred during the first several hours of recirculation, but regional brain quinolinic acid concentrations were found either to decrease or remain unchanged during the first 24 h after the ischemic insult. However, significant increases in quinolinic acid concentrations occurred in striatum and hippocampus at 2 days of recirculation after 5 min of ischemia. After a further 4 and 7 days, strikingly large increases in quinolinic acid concentrations were observed in all regions examined, with the highest levels observed in the hippocampus and striatum, regions that also show the most severe ischemic injury. These delayed increases in brain quinolinic acid concentrations are suggested to reflect the presence of activated macrophages, reactive astrocytes, and/or microglia in vulnerable regions during and subsequent to ischemic injury. While the results do not support a role for increased quinolinic acid concentrations in early excitotoxic neuronal damage, the role of the delayed increases in brain quinolinic acid in the progression of postischemic injury and its relevance to postischemic brain function remain to be established. JF - Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism AU - Heyes, M P AU - Nowak, T S AD - Section on Analytical Biochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 660 EP - 667 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0271-678X, 0271-678X KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Pyridines KW - Quinolinic Acids KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid KW - 102-32-9 KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Quinolinic Acid KW - F6F0HK1URN KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gerbillinae KW - Animals KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Homovanillic Acid -- metabolism KW - Cerebrovascular Circulation KW - Tryptophan -- metabolism KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Neurotoxins -- metabolism KW - Quinolinic Acids -- metabolism KW - Brain Ischemia -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Pyridines -- metabolism KW - Brain Ischemia -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79935512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cerebral+blood+flow+and+metabolism+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Cerebral+Blood+Flow+and+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Delayed+increases+in+regional+brain+quinolinic+acid+follow+transient+ischemia+in+the+gerbil.&rft.au=Heyes%2C+M+P%3BNowak%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Heyes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cerebral+blood+flow+and+metabolism+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Cerebral+Blood+Flow+and+Metabolism&rft.issn=0271678X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infection with murine retrovirus confers resistance to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion in PC 12 cells. AN - 79934666; 1696621 AB - High concentrations of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) are toxic to the catecholaminergic cell line PC12, derived from rat phenochromocytoma. Prolonged exposure of wild-type PC12 cells to 500 microM MPP+ yields toxin-resistant colonies at a frequency of 2 X 10(-4). These spontaneously arising MPP(+)-resistant cells are morphologically quite distinct from wild-type PC12 cells, and are lacking in most of their characteristic catecholaminergic properties. In contrast, among PC12 cells infected with the murine retrovirus ZIPNEOSV(X), 20% are resistant to the toxin MPP+, a resistance frequency approximately 1,000 times higher than for uninfected cells. The morphology and catecholaminergic phenotype of the virus-infected MPP+ resistant cells are quite similar to those of wild-type PC12 cells. The results presented in this study suggest a unique mechanism of MPP+ resistance in the infected PC12 cells which may be conferred by the presence and/or expression of the retrovirus ZIPNEOSV(X). JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Kadan, M J AU - Lo, M M AD - Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/09// PY - 1990 DA - September 1990 SP - 854 EP - 863 VL - 55 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Dihydropteridine Reductase KW - EC 1.5.1.34 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium KW - R865A5OY8J KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Dihydropteridine Reductase -- genetics KW - Drug Resistance KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Biological Transport, Active KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Retroviridae -- physiology KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- pathology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- metabolism KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79934666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Infection+with+murine+retrovirus+confers+resistance+to+the+neurotoxin+1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium+ion+in+PC+12+cells.&rft.au=Kadan%2C+M+J%3BLo%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Kadan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-09-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=854&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TGF alpha-anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40: a bifunctional toxin cytotoxic for cells with EGF or IL2 receptors. AN - 79973349; 2393383 AB - Conventional immunotoxins and chimeric toxins made in bacteria are directed to only one receptor or antigen on target cells. In this report we describe the construction of a chimeric molecule TGF alpha-anti Tac(Fv)-PE40 which is composed of human transforming growth factor type alpha attached to anti-Tac(Fv) which is in turn attached to PE40, a form of pseudomonas exotoxin, devoid of its cell recognition domain. TGF alpha-anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 is a bifunctional toxin that is produced in E. coli and is active on cells bearing either IL2 or EGF receptors. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Batra, J K AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - FitzGerald, D AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/31/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 31 SP - 1 EP - 6 VL - 171 IS - 1 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunotoxins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Cell Line KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- administration & dosage KW - Immunotoxins -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- immunology KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79973349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=TGF+alpha-anti-Tac%28Fv%29-PE40%3A+a+bifunctional+toxin+cytotoxic+for+cells+with+EGF+or+IL2+receptors.&rft.au=Batra%2C+J+K%3BChaudhary%2C+V+K%3BFitzGerald%2C+D%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Batra&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-31&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene transfer into humans--immunotherapy of patients with advanced melanoma, using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes modified by retroviral gene transduction. AN - 79923097; 2381442 AB - Treatment with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) plus interleukin-2 can mediate the regression of metastatic melanoma in approximately half of patients. To optimize this treatment approach and define the in vivo distribution and survival of TIL, we used retroviral-mediated gene transduction to introduce the gene coding for resistance to neomycin into human TIL before their infusion into patients--thus using the new gene as a marker for the infused cells. Five patients received the gene-modified TIL. All the patients tolerated the treatment well, and no side effects due to the gene transduction were noted. The presence and expression of the neomycin-resistance gene were demonstrated in TIL from all the patients with Southern blot analysis and enzymatic assay for the neomycin phosphotransferase coded by the bacterial gene. Cells from four of the five patients grew successfully in high concentrations of G418, a neomycin analogue otherwise toxic to eukaryotic cells. With polymerase-chain-reaction analysis, gene-modified cells were consistently found in the circulation of all five patients for three weeks and for as long as two months in two patients. Cells were recovered from tumor deposits as much as 64 days after cell administration. The procedure was safe according to all criteria, including the absence of infections virus in TIL and in the patients. These studies demonstrate the feasibility and safety of using retroviral gene transduction for human gene therapy and have implications for the design of TIL with improved antitumor potency, as well as for the possible use of lymphocytes for the gene therapy of other diseases. JF - The New England journal of medicine AU - Rosenberg, S A AU - Aebersold, P AU - Cornetta, K AU - Kasid, A AU - Morgan, R A AU - Moen, R AU - Karson, E M AU - Lotze, M T AU - Yang, J C AU - Topalian, S L AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/30/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 30 SP - 570 EP - 578 VL - 323 IS - 9 SN - 0028-4793, 0028-4793 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Neomycin KW - 1404-04-2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-2 -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Drug Resistance KW - Neomycin -- pharmacology KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Transfection KW - Genetic Therapy -- methods KW - Genes, Viral KW - Melanoma -- therapy KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Immunotherapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79923097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Gene+transfer+into+humans--immunotherapy+of+patients+with+advanced+melanoma%2C+using+tumor-infiltrating+lymphocytes+modified+by+retroviral+gene+transduction.&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+S+A%3BAebersold%2C+P%3BCornetta%2C+K%3BKasid%2C+A%3BMorgan%2C+R+A%3BMoen%2C+R%3BKarson%2C+E+M%3BLotze%2C+M+T%3BYang%2C+J+C%3BTopalian%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-08-30&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=570&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 30;323(9):601-3 [2381445] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional antagonists at the NMDA receptor complex exhibit antidepressant actions. AN - 80077277; 2171955 AB - Inescapable, but not escapable, stress inhibits the induction of Long Term Potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of hippocampus, a process that is dependent upon activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor. Since inescapable stress also produces a syndrome of behavioral depression sensitive to clinically effective antidepressants, we examined the actions of functional antagonists at the NMDA receptor complex in animal models commonly used to evaluate potential antidepressants. A competitive NMDA antagonist (2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid [AP-7]), a non-competitive NMDA antagonist (Dizolcipine [MK-801]), and a partial agonist at strychnine-insensitive glycine receptors (1-aminocylopropanecarboxylic acid [ACPC]) mimicked the effects of clinically effective antidepressants in these models. These findings indicate that the NMDA receptor complex may be involved in the behavioral deficits induced by inescapable stress, and that substances capable of reducing neurotransmission at the NMDA receptor complex may represent a new class of antidepressants. Based on these findings, the hypothesis that pathways subserved by the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of affective disorders may have heuristic value. JF - European journal of pharmacology AU - Trullas, R AU - Skolnick, P AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/21/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 21 SP - 1 EP - 10 VL - 185 IS - 1 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Amino Acids, Cyclic KW - Antidepressive Agents KW - Receptors, Glycine KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid KW - 3K9EJ633GL KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate KW - 76726-92-6 KW - Strychnine KW - H9Y79VD43J KW - Imipramine KW - OGG85SX4E4 KW - 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid KW - P34K80CUSM KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Swimming KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- metabolism KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Stress, Psychological -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Strychnine -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Immobilization KW - Male KW - Antidepressive Agents -- pharmacology KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Imipramine -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism KW - Amino Acids -- pharmacology KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80077277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Functional+antagonists+at+the+NMDA+receptor+complex+exhibit+antidepressant+actions.&rft.au=Trullas%2C+R%3BSkolnick%2C+P&rft.aulast=Trullas&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-08-21&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depletion of cystine in cystinotic fibroblasts by homocysteine. Synergism of cysteamine with various reducing agents in depletion of cystine from cystinotic fibroblasts. AN - 79945936; 2386552 AB - The present study shows that homocysteine depleted cystine from cystinotic fibroblasts in vitro. No toxic effects were noted as judged by morphology and growth patterns. Efflux of radioactivity from cystinotic cells prelabeled with [35S]cystine was greater in homocysteine-treated cystinotic cells than in untreated controls. This radioactivity was found, by high voltage electrophoresis separation of effluxed products, to consist mainly of [35S]cystine, along with smaller amounts of [35S]homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulfide. When homocysteine and cysteamine were presented together to cystinotic cells at dose levels individually ineffective in removing cystine from these cells, a marked synergistic effect was observed and cystine content fell to 10% of that seen in untreated cystinotic fibroblasts. Similarly, synergistic effects of cystine depletion from cystinotic cells were demonstrated when cells were treated with a combination of cysteamine and dithiothreitol or glutathione. Incubation of cystinotic cells with homocysteine, dithiothreitol, or cysteamine in combination with vitamin C did not yield synergistic effects. The above findings suggest a novel way to probe metabolic processes in these mutant cells. Exploration of these synergistic effects may lead to more efficacious therapeutic protocols for cystinosis. JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Butler, J D AD - Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 879 EP - 885 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Homocysteine KW - 0LVT1QZ0BA KW - Cystine KW - 48TCX9A1VT KW - Cysteamine KW - 5UX2SD1KE2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Fibroblasts -- analysis KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Glutathione -- pharmacology KW - Cystine -- metabolism KW - Cystine -- analysis KW - Homocysteine -- pharmacology KW - Cysteamine -- pharmacology KW - Cystinosis -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79945936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Depletion+of+cystine+in+cystinotic+fibroblasts+by+homocysteine.+Synergism+of+cysteamine+with+various+reducing+agents+in+depletion+of+cystine+from+cystinotic+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Butler%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=879&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of 1-methyl-4-[4'-amino]phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine toxicity in the mouse. AN - 79945862; 2386555 JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Johannessen, J N AU - Markey, S P AD - Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 901 EP - 906 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Piperazines KW - vanoxerine KW - 90X28IKH43 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Dopamine -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Piperazines -- pharmacology KW - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - MPTP Poisoning KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79945862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+1-methyl-4-%5B4%27-amino%5Dphenyl-1%2C2%2C3%2C6-tetrahydropyridine+toxicity+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Johannessen%2C+J+N%3BMarkey%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Johannessen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of tumor necrosis factor, alone or in combination with topoisomerase-II-targeted drugs, on human lung cancer cell lines. AN - 79935592; 2166714 AB - Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) exhibits cytotoxic activity on some solid tumors and has been reported to be synergistic with topoisomerase-II-targeted antineoplastic agents. A wide range of TNF concentrations (from 10 to 10,000 U/ml) was tested in 9 human lung cancer cell lines (5 small-cell and 4 non-small-cell carcinomas) using a semi-automated MTT assay. TNF was not cytotoxic in 8 cell lines, while an adenocarcinoma cell line was marginally sensitive to the cytokine. Using 125I-TNF we were able to show the presence of specific binding sites for TNF in 4/9 human lung cancer cell lines. Scatchard analysis of the marginally sensitive cell line showed high-affinity, saturable binding. With 5 cell lines we also tested whether TNF affected the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin and etoposide, 2 topoisomerase II-targeted drugs which are widely used in the therapy of lung cancer. No significant increase in cytotoxicity was seen when TNF was added to the 2 anti-neoplastic agents. In contrast to certain other human and mouse lines, human lung cancer cell lines appear to be resistant to TNF, despite the presence of the receptor in some of them; moreover, no synergistic effect of TNF and 2 topoisomerase-II-targeted drugs was evident in these human cell lines. JF - International journal of cancer AU - Giaccone, G AU - Kadoyama, C AU - Maneckjee, R AU - Venzon, D AU - Alexander, R B AU - Gazdar, A F AD - NCI-Navy Medical Oncology Branch, Bethesda MD 20814. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 326 EP - 329 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Drug Carriers KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Etoposide KW - 6PLQ3CP4P3 KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - DNA Topoisomerases, Type II KW - EC 5.99.1.3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- analysis KW - Doxorubicin -- administration & dosage KW - Radioligand Assay KW - Etoposide -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cell Line KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- drug effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- analysis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79935592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Effects+of+tumor+necrosis+factor%2C+alone+or+in+combination+with+topoisomerase-II-targeted+drugs%2C+on+human+lung+cancer+cell+lines.&rft.au=Giaccone%2C+G%3BKadoyama%2C+C%3BManeckjee%2C+R%3BVenzon%2C+D%3BAlexander%2C+R+B%3BGazdar%2C+A+F&rft.aulast=Giaccone&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of CYP1A1 gene in patients with lung cancer: evidence for cigarette smoke-induced gene expression in normal lung tissue and for altered gene regulation in primary pulmonary carcinomas. AN - 79924833; 2380990 AB - The major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon inducible-cytochrome P4501A1 gene (CYP1A1) is presumed to be important in pulmonary carcinogenesis and toxicology because its product, the cytochrome P4501A1-dependent (CYP1A1-dependent) monooxygenase, transforms selected xenobiotics (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon procarcinogens in cigarette smoke) to potent carcinogenic metabolites. CYP1A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression has not, however, been previously demonstrated in human pulmonary tissue. This report defines CYP1A1 gene expression in normal lung tissue and primary pulmonary carcinoma tissue obtained at thoracotomy from 56 patients with lung cancer. When Northern blot hybridization analyses were performed, 17 of 19 (89%) and zero of five (0%) samples of normal lung tissue from active cigarette smokers and nonsmokers, respectively, expressed the normal 2.8-kilobase CYP1A1 mRNA. In addition, a time-dependent decrease in expression of the CYP1A1 gene was noted in normal lung tissue from individuals who were former smokers, with a decrease in expression occurring as early as 2 weeks following cessation of cigarette smoking. Expression became undetectable in all patients who had stopped smoking more than 6 weeks prior to study. When CYP1A1 gene expression was evaluated in lung cancers, mRNA levels were detectable in one of four (25%) tumors from nonsmokers; two of 24 (8%) tumors from former smokers; and seven of 15 (47%) tumors from cigarette smokers. In addition, an approximately 10-kilobase CYP1A1 RNA species, which was not detectable in normal lung tissue, was observed in five of ten (50%) of the lung cancers that expressed the CYP1A1 gene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - McLemore, T L AU - Adelberg, S AU - Liu, M C AU - McMahon, N A AU - Yu, S J AU - Hubbard, W C AU - Czerwinski, M AU - Wood, T G AU - Storeng, R AU - Lubet, R A AD - Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 1333 EP - 1339 VL - 82 IS - 16 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Middle Aged KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79924833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Expression+of+CYP1A1+gene+in+patients+with+lung+cancer%3A+evidence+for+cigarette+smoke-induced+gene+expression+in+normal+lung+tissue+and+for+altered+gene+regulation+in+primary+pulmonary+carcinomas.&rft.au=McLemore%2C+T+L%3BAdelberg%2C+S%3BLiu%2C+M+C%3BMcMahon%2C+N+A%3BYu%2C+S+J%3BHubbard%2C+W+C%3BCzerwinski%2C+M%3BWood%2C+T+G%3BStoreng%2C+R%3BLubet%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=McLemore&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A specific defect of prosolin phosphorylation in T cell leukemic lymphoblasts is associated with impaired down-regulation of DNA synthesis. AN - 79922756; 2116478 AB - Prosolin is a major cytosolic phosphoprotein of proliferating normal PBL. Treatment of growing PBL with phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) or calcium ionophore (A23187) for 1 h caused phosphorylation of prosolin with the production of up to four prominent phosphorylated forms differing in degree of phosphorylation and/or two-dimensional electrophoretic mobility (peptides B to E). Formation of these phosphopeptides coincided with rapid down-regulation of DNA synthesis. A23187 was particularly effective in inducing phosphorylation of the more highly phosphorylated peptides D and E, suggesting the existence of a (Ca2+)-activated mechanism in their phosphorylation. The T cell leukemia cell lines Jurkat, HuT-78, CCRF-CEM, and Molt-4 showed reduced to absent ability to phosphorylate prosolin peptides rapidly in response to A23187 and also showed diminished down-regulation of DNA synthesis. In leukemic cells treated with both TPA and A23187, peptides B and C were rapidly phosphorylated, but the phosphorylation of peptides D and E seen in normal PBL remained deficient. The T cell leukemic cells appear to have intact a TPA-activated mechanism for phosphorylating prosolin peptides B and C, but share an impairment of a specific Ca2(+)-activated mechanism, possibly a Ca2(+)-dependent protein kinase, required for phosphorylation of prosolin phosphopeptides D and E. The degree of rapid down-regulation of DNA synthesis was correlated with degree of phosphorylation of peptide E in PBL and in three of four T cell leukemic cell lines. Thus, rapid phosphorylation of prosolin may mediate responses to TPA and A23187 in normal proliferating PBL, including down-regulation of DNA synthesis. A deficiency of this pathway in leukemic T cells may impede their response to physiologic growth regulatory signals utilizing this pathway and contribute to unrestrained cell growth. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Cooper, H L AU - Fuldner, R AU - McDuffie, E AU - Braverman, R AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 1205 EP - 1213 VL - 145 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - 0 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Peptide Fragments -- metabolism KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Phosphorylation KW - Down-Regulation KW - Humans KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell -- metabolism KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79922756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=A+specific+defect+of+prosolin+phosphorylation+in+T+cell+leukemic+lymphoblasts+is+associated+with+impaired+down-regulation+of+DNA+synthesis.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+H+L%3BFuldner%2C+R%3BMcDuffie%2C+E%3BBraverman%2C+R&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneity of nitrogen mustard-induced DNA damage and repair at the level of the gene in Chinese hamster ovary cells. AN - 79920513; 2380193 AB - We here present a general method to detect alkylation damage in specific genomic regions. Cells are treated with nitrogen mustard or dimethyl sulfate; the DNA is extracted and restricted, and the parental DNA is separated. Strand breaks are created at sites of N-alkylpurines by neutral depurination followed by alkaline hydrolysis. The DNA is then separated on alkaline agarose gels and transferred, and gene fragments are detected after hybridization with specific probes. Using this approach, we have examined damage formation and repair in the active genes dihydrofolate reductase and adenosine phosphoribosyltransferase, in a fragment containing the inactive c-fos gene and in a nontranscribed region downstream from the dihydrofolate reductase gene in Chinese hamster ovary cells. We find variations in the formation of nitrogen mustard adducts in these different regions. Nitrogen mustard adducts are preferentially repaired from the active genes as compared to the inactive gene and the noncoding region. However, we find no preferential damage or repair in these regions of the N7-methylpurines after dimethyl sulfate damage. Thus, there are significant differences in the repair mechanisms for two alkylating agents; this may implicate that there are important differences in the structural alterations in chromatin invoked by these agents. As a comparison to the studies of adduct levels in specific genomic regions, we have examined the overall genome, average adduct formation, and repair by these agents in the hamster cells. We used alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation, and also a novel approach: quantitation of the DNA smears stained by ethidium bromide in the alkaline gels (used in the gene-selective repair analysis). Both these techniques gave similar data for adduct formation and repair; there was less initial damage formation and repair in the average genome than in specific genomic regions. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Wassermann, K AU - Kohn, K W AU - Bohr, V A AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 13906 EP - 13913 VL - 265 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA Probes KW - 0 KW - Mechlorethamine KW - 50D9XSG0VR KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.5.1.3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - Ovary KW - Kinetics KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Plasmids KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Damage KW - Genes -- drug effects KW - Mechlorethamine -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79920513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Heterogeneity+of+nitrogen+mustard-induced+DNA+damage+and+repair+at+the+level+of+the+gene+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cells.&rft.au=Wassermann%2C+K%3BKohn%2C+K+W%3BBohr%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Wassermann&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13906&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fidelity of DNA synthesis catalyzed by derivatives of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. AN - 79920378; 2199444 AB - The fidelity of DNA synthesis by an exonuclease-proficient DNA polymerase results from the selectivity of the polymerization reaction and from exonucleolytic proofreading. We have examined the contribution of these two steps to the fidelity of DNA synthesis catalyzed by the large Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, using enzymes engineered by site-directed mutagenesis to inactivate the proofreading exonuclease. Measurements with two mutant Klenow polymerases lacking exonuclease activity but retaining normal polymerase activity and protein structure demonstrate that the base substitution fidelity of polymerization averages one error for each 10,000 to 40,000 bases polymerized, and can vary more than 30-fold depending on the mispair and its position. Steady-state enzyme kinetic measurements of selectivity at the initial insertion step by the exonuclease-deficient polymerase demonstrate differences in both the Km and the Vmax for incorrect versus correct nucleotides. Exonucleolytic proofreading by the wild-type enzyme improves the average base substitution fidelity by 4- to 7-fold, reflecting efficient proofreading of some mispairs and less efficient proofreading of others. The wild-type polymerase is highly accurate for -1 base frameshift errors, with an error rate of less than or equal to 10(-6). The exonuclease-deficient polymerase is less accurate, suggesting that proofreading also enhances frameshift fidelity. Even without a proofreading exonuclease, Klenow polymerase has high frameshift fidelity relative to several other DNA polymerases, including eucaryotic DNA polymerase-alpha, an exonuclease-deficient, 4-subunit complex whose catalytic subunit is almost three times larger. The Klenow polymerase has a large (46 kDa) domain containing the polymerase active site and a smaller (22 kDa) domain containing the active site for the 3'----5' exonuclease. Upon removal of the small domain, the large polymerase domain has altered base substitution error specificity when compared to the two-domain but exonuclease-deficient enzyme. It is also less accurate for -1 base errors at reiterated template nucleotides and for a 276-nucleotide deletion error. Thus, removal of a protein domain of a DNA polymerase can affect its fidelity. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Bebenek, K AU - Joyce, C M AU - Fitzgerald, M P AU - Kunkel, T A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 13878 EP - 13887 VL - 265 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - DNA Polymerase I KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Codon -- genetics KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Templates, Genetic KW - Mutation KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - DNA, Bacterial -- biosynthesis KW - DNA Polymerase I -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - DNA Polymerase I -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79920378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+fidelity+of+DNA+synthesis+catalyzed+by+derivatives+of+Escherichia+coli+DNA+polymerase+I.&rft.au=Bebenek%2C+K%3BJoyce%2C+C+M%3BFitzgerald%2C+M+P%3BKunkel%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Bebenek&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13878&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity and effects of epidermal growth factor on glucose metabolism of MDA-468 human breast cancer cells. AN - 79920297; 2380179 AB - Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has an in vitro inhibitory effect on tumor cells which exhibit a high number of EGF receptors (EGFR). Studies were performed in order to delineate the effects of EGF on glucose metabolism of MDA-468 human breast cancer cells, which have a large number of EGFR. Glucose consumption and lactate production were found to be substantially increased in MDA-468 cells following EGF exposure, while no such effects were detected in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, which have a very low number of EGFR. When glucose levels in the growth medium were increased, the toxicity of EGF was diminished. The energetic status of MDA-468 cells perfused with growth medium containing EGF was monitored by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and no signs of compromised metabolic state or viability were noted for up to 36 h. The rate of glucose transport and phosphorylation was quantitated by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy, utilizing [6-13C]2-deoxyglucose, and a 97% increase was found in MDA-468 cells following EGF administration. The profound effects of EGF on glucose metabolism in cells with very high numbers of EGFR and the lack of toxicity in the perfused system may indicate that the growth-inhibitory effect is confined to the in vitro cultured cells. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Kaplan, O AU - Jaroszewski, J W AU - Faustino, P J AU - Zugmaier, G AU - Ennis, B W AU - Lippman, M AU - Cohen, J S AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 13641 EP - 13649 VL - 265 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Carbon Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biological Transport, Active -- drug effects KW - Glycolysis -- drug effects KW - Phosphorylation KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Breast Neoplasms KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - Deoxyglucose -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79920297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+and+effects+of+epidermal+growth+factor+on+glucose+metabolism+of+MDA-468+human+breast+cancer+cells.&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+O%3BJaroszewski%2C+J+W%3BFaustino%2C+P+J%3BZugmaier%2C+G%3BEnnis%2C+B+W%3BLippman%2C+M%3BCohen%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IL-2 and IL-6 synergize to augment the pore-forming protein gene expression and cytotoxic potential of human peripheral blood T cells. AN - 79919532; 2143209 AB - Our previous studies have demonstrated that high dose IL-2 (1000 U/ml) alone can induce human peripheral blood T cell pore-forming protein (PFP) mRNA expression and cytotoxic potential. We now report that the levels of IL-2 needed to induce these effects in T cells can be significantly reduced in the presence of IL-6. IL-6 and suboptimal doses of IL-2 (10 U/ml) were found to costimulate PFP mRNA expression and cytotoxic potential in resting human peripheral blood T cells, whereas IL-6 or low dose IL-2 alone had no effect. The induction of T cell PFP mRNA by IL-2/IL-6 was extremely rapid and increases in both PFP mRNA expression and cytotoxic potential were IL-6 dose dependent. The costimulatory effect of IL-6 did not appear to involve the IL-2/IL-2R pathway in as much as IL-6 did not induce IL-2 production or detectably increase IL-2R surface expression in T cells. These findings, in addition to the rapid induction of PFP mRNA by IL-2/IL-6, suggested that IL-6 can directly and independently provide an additional signal to augment the differentiation of CTL. In contrast to the results observed in T cells, IL-6 and IL-2 could enhance CD3- large granular lymphocyte (LGL) NK activity, but IL-6 either alone or in combination with IL-2 had no effect on constitutive PFP mRNA expression in resting LGL. These data further confirm that different mechanisms may be responsible for lymphokine activation of CTL and LGL in human peripheral blood. In particular it appears that IL-6 acts as a costimulatory signal with IL-2 in generating CTL and that IL-6 functions in part by acting in synergy with IL-2 to induce PFP, a major lytic protein involved in lymphocyte cytotoxicity. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Smyth, M J AU - Ortaldo, J R AU - Bere, W AU - Yagita, H AU - Okumura, K AU - Young, H A AD - Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 1159 EP - 1166 VL - 145 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD3 KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - Antigens, CD8 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Perforin KW - 126465-35-8 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte -- analysis KW - Antigens, CD4 -- analysis KW - Humans KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Drug Synergism KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- analysis KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- immunology KW - Interleukin-6 -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79919532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=IL-2+and+IL-6+synergize+to+augment+the+pore-forming+protein+gene+expression+and+cytotoxic+potential+of+human+peripheral+blood+T+cells.&rft.au=Smyth%2C+M+J%3BOrtaldo%2C+J+R%3BBere%2C+W%3BYagita%2C+H%3BOkumura%2C+K%3BYoung%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Smyth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a cohort of patients with severe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on long-term antiretroviral therapy. AN - 79899692; 1973886 AB - To describe the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a group of patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection receiving long-term dideoxynucleoside antiretroviral therapy. We examined the records of all patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or severe AIDS-related complex who were entered into three long-term phase I trials of zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT) or zidovudine-containing regimens at the National Cancer Institute between 1985 and 1987. The Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Fifty-five HIV-infected patients with AIDS or severe AIDS-related complex. Eight of fifty-five patients (14.5%; 95% CI, 6.5% to 26.7%) developed a high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma of B-cell type, a median of 23.8 months (range, 13 to 35 months) after starting antiretroviral treatment. Using the method of Kaplan and Meier, the estimated probability of developing lymphoma by 30 months of therapy was 28.6% (CI, 13.7% to 50.3%) and by 36 months, 46.4% (CI, 19.6% to 75.5%). The patients who developed lymphoma had less than 100 T4 cells/mm3 for a median of 17.8 months (range, 7 to 35 months) and less than 50 T4 cells/mm3 for a median of 15.3 months (range, 5.5 to 35 months) before the diagnosis. All patients presented with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in extranodal sites, and two developed primary brain involvement in the setting of Toxoplasma infection. Patients with symptomatic HIV infection who survive for up to 3 years on antiretroviral therapy may have a relatively high probability of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Prolonged survival in the setting of profound immunosuppression with substantial T4-cell depletion is probably an important factor in the development of these lymphomas. However, a direct role of therapy itself cannot be totally discounted. As improved therapies for the treatment of HIV infection and its complications result in prolonged survival, non-Hodgkin lymphoma may become an increasingly significant problem. JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Pluda, J M AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Jaffe, E S AU - Feuerstein, I M AU - Solomon, D AU - Steinberg, S M AU - Wyvill, K M AU - Raubitschek, A AU - Katz, D AU - Broder, S AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/08/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 15 SP - 276 EP - 282 VL - 113 IS - 4 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Survival Rate KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Time Factors KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- immunology KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- mortality KW - Zidovudine -- adverse effects KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- drug therapy KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- etiology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- mortality KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- mortality KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79899692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Development+of+non-Hodgkin+lymphoma+in+a+cohort+of+patients+with+severe+human+immunodeficiency+virus+%28HIV%29+infection+on+long-term+antiretroviral+therapy.&rft.au=Pluda%2C+J+M%3BYarchoan%2C+R%3BJaffe%2C+E+S%3BFeuerstein%2C+I+M%3BSolomon%2C+D%3BSteinberg%2C+S+M%3BWyvill%2C+K+M%3BRaubitschek%2C+A%3BKatz%2C+D%3BBroder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Pluda&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-15&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleosome positioning as a critical determinant for the DNA cleavage sites of mammalian DNA topoisomerase II in reconstituted simian virus 40 chromatin. AN - 20726745; 8742362 AB - We have assessed the ability of nucleosomes to influence the formation of mammalian topoisomerase II-DNA complexes by mapping the sites of cleavage induced by four unrelated topoisomerase II inhibitors in naked versus nucleosome-reconstituted SV40 DNA. DNA fragments were reconstituted with histone octamers from HeLa cells by the histone exchange method. Nucleosome positions were determined by comparing micrococcal nuclease cleavage patterns of nucleosome-reconstituted and naked DNA. Three types of DNA regions were defined: 1) regions with fixed nucleosome positioning; 2) regions lacking regular nucleosome phasing; and 3) a region around the replication origin (from position 5100 to 600) with no detectable nucleosomes. Topoisomerase II cleavage sites were suppressed in nucleosomes and persisted or were enhanced in linker DNA and in the nucleosome-free region around the replication origin. Incubation of reconstituted chromatin with topoisomerase II protected nucleosome-free regions from micrococcal nuclease cleavage without changing the overall micrococcal nuclease cleavage pattern. Thus, the present results indicate that topoisomerase II binds preferentially to nucleosome-free DNA and that the presence of nucleosomes at preferred DNA sequences influences drug-induced DNA breaks by topoisomerase II inhibitors. Images JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Capranico, G AU - Jaxel, C AU - Roberge, M AU - Kohn, K W AU - Pommier, Y AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/11/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 11 SP - 4553 EP - 4559 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 18 IS - 15 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - DNA damage KW - Nucleosomes KW - Histones KW - Chromatin KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Simian virus 40 KW - DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) KW - Replication origins KW - Nuclease KW - Mapping KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - V 22320:Replication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20726745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Nucleosome+positioning+as+a+critical+determinant+for+the+DNA+cleavage+sites+of+mammalian+DNA+topoisomerase+II+in+reconstituted+simian+virus+40+chromatin.&rft.au=Capranico%2C+G%3BJaxel%2C+C%3BRoberge%2C+M%3BKohn%2C+K+W%3BPommier%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Capranico&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-08-11&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; Nucleosomes; Histones; Chromatin; Nucleotide sequence; Replication origins; DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing); Nuclease; Mapping; Simian virus 40 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A variant binding sequence for transcription factor EBP-80 confers increased promoter activity on a retroviral long terminal repeat. AN - 79905447; 2165492 AB - The cloned long terminal repeats (LTRs) of mouse intracisternal A-particle (IAP) proviral elements differ in their promoter activity. In this study, the LTR from a recently transposed IAP element (rc-mos) is shown to be a more effective promoter both in vivo and in vitro than the LTR from a randomly cloned genomic element (MIA14). These LTRs differ in nucleotide sequence in certain previously defined protein-binding domains. In particular, the MIA14 LTR contains two domains, designated Enh1 and Enh2, with sequence homology to the SV40 enhancer core motif, while in rc-mos the Enh2 position is occupied by a variant sequence which lacks core homology. EBP-80 is a general enhancer core-binding protein originally isolated by virtue of its affinity for the MIA14 Enh2 sequence (Falzon, M., and Kuff, E.L. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 21915-21922). We now find by quantitative binding studies, binding competition, and UV cross-linking that EBP-80 from both human and mouse cells binds to the "Enh2" motif of rc-mos more strongly than to the Enh2 of MIA14. In vitro transcription from both LTRs is strongly enhanced by addition of EBP-80 showing that binding is related to function. The rc-mos LTR remains the more effective promoter in the presence of added EBP-80. Reciprocal substitution of the Enh2 domains in the two LTRs by site-directed mutagenesis shows that the rc-mos variant confers a 3-fold increment in in vivo promotor activity. The rc-mos motif or a closely related sequence is found in the cloned LTRs of many expressed and/or recently transposed IAP elements. EBP-80 is identified as a cellular transcription factor whose heightened levels in certain mouse cells might result in preferential expression of IAP elements containing this sequence motif. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Falzon, M AU - Kuff, E L AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 05 SP - 13084 EP - 13090 VL - 265 IS - 22 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Transcription Factors KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.28 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genetic Variation KW - HeLa Cells -- metabolism KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Mice KW - Plasmids KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Kinetics KW - Proviruses -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Line KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79905447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+variant+binding+sequence+for+transcription+factor+EBP-80+confers+increased+promoter+activity+on+a+retroviral+long+terminal+repeat.&rft.au=Falzon%2C+M%3BKuff%2C+E+L&rft.aulast=Falzon&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-08-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=13084&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMDA receptors in mice bred to be prone or resistant to ethanol withdrawal seizures. AN - 80021911; 2145177 AB - Selective breeding has produced replicate lines of mice that are prone (WSP) or resistant (WSR) to ethanol withdrawal seizures. Ethanol-naive WSP mice inherently have a greater number of hippocampal binding sites for the NMDA receptor-gated ion channel blocker, MK-801, than ethanol-naive WSR mice. After chronic ethanol ingestion, hippocampal (but not cerebral cortical) MK-801 binding sites increase in both lines of mice. However, the number of MK-801 binding sites in the ethanol-treated WSR mice does not exceed the number of MK-801 binding sites in untreated WSP mice. At the time of ethanol withdrawal, the number of hippocampal MK-801 binding sites in each line of WSP mice is 50-70% higher than the number of such sites in WSR mice. Given the past evidence for a role of the NMDA receptor in seizures, the results implicate hippocampal NMDA receptor-gated channels in the generation of ethanol withdrawal seizures. JF - European journal of pharmacology AU - Valverius, P AU - Crabbe, J C AU - Hoffman, P L AU - Tabakoff, B AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 02 SP - 185 EP - 189 VL - 184 IS - 1 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - 0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Glycine KW - TE7660XO1C KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Membranes -- metabolism KW - Drug Resistance KW - Mice KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Glycine -- pharmacology KW - Kinetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- metabolism KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Seizures -- genetics KW - Seizures -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80021911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.atitle=NMDA+receptors+in+mice+bred+to+be+prone+or+resistant+to+ethanol+withdrawal+seizures.&rft.au=Valverius%2C+P%3BCrabbe%2C+J+C%3BHoffman%2C+P+L%3BTabakoff%2C+B&rft.aulast=Valverius&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-08-02&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The alpha 1 domain of the HLA-DR molecule is essential for high-affinity binding of the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. AN - 79908077; 2377209 AB - Several exoproteins from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus are highly potent polyclonal activators of T cells in the presence of cells bearing class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). These toxins, including the toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1), act at nanomolar concentrations, bind directly to class II molecules, and do not require the processing typical of nominal antigen. Each toxin is capable of stimulating a subpopulation of peripheral T lymphocytes bearing particular V beta sequences as part of their alpha beta T-cell receptors. It is not known how these so-called 'superantigens' bind to class II and how this binding stimulates T cells. In this study, the different affinities of TSST-1 for human class II molecules DR and DP were exploited to define the region of a class II molecule necessary for high-affinity binding. Using chimaeric alpha- and beta-chains of DR and DP expressed at the surface of transfected murine fibroblasts and a binding assay with TSST-1, it was shown that the alpha 1 domain of DR is essential for high-affinity binding, and further that TSST-1 binding did not prevent subsequent binding of a DR-restricted antigenic peptide. This is compatible with a model of superantigen making external contacts with both class II and T cell receptor, and suggests that the V beta portion of the T-cell receptor interacts with the nonpolymorphic alpha-chain of DR. JF - Nature AU - Karp, D R AU - Teletski, C L AU - Scholl, P AU - Geha, R AU - Long, E O AD - Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 02 SP - 474 EP - 476 VL - 346 IS - 6283 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Antigens, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - Enterotoxins KW - HLA-DP Antigens KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Superantigens KW - enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - HLA-DP Antigens -- immunology KW - HLA-DP Antigens -- genetics KW - Antigens, Bacterial -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- immunology KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Fibroblasts -- immunology KW - Staphylococcus aureus -- immunology KW - Transfection KW - Flow Cytometry KW - L Cells (Cell Line) -- immunology KW - Enterotoxins -- immunology KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- immunology KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- genetics KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79908077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=The+alpha+1+domain+of+the+HLA-DR+molecule+is+essential+for+high-affinity+binding+of+the+toxic+shock+syndrome+toxin-1.&rft.au=Karp%2C+D+R%3BTeletski%2C+C+L%3BScholl%2C+P%3BGeha%2C+R%3BLong%2C+E+O&rft.aulast=Karp&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-08-02&rft.volume=346&rft.issue=6283&rft.spage=474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A phase II trial of carboplatin (CBDCA) in small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer with correlation to in vitro analysis of cytotoxicity. AN - 85266364; pmid-2165737 AB - A Phase II trial of carboplatin (CBDCA) was performed in 33 patients with advanced lung cancer, including 15 patients with inoperable Stage III non-small-cell (NSCLC) and 18 patients with relapsed small-cell (SCLC) lung cancer. Initial dosage was 320 mg/m2 infused over 24 h; in the absence of hematologic toxicity, subsequent doses were escalated to 400 mg/m2. Patients received a median of two cycles (range 1-13 for NSCLC and 1-5 for SCLC) of therapy. There were no complete or partial responses among the NSCLC patients. Among the SCLC patients, two had a partial response. In vitro analysis of the cytotoxicity of CBDCA and its parent compound cisplatin by two different methods for 20 NSCLC cell lines suggested that equivalent tumor cell kill is achieved by the two compounds, but this occurs at a log lower concentration of cisplatin than of CBDCA. The in vitro cytotoxicity against NSCLC of CBDCA at a concentration predicted to be in the range produced by the dose employed in this Phase II study correlated well with the resulting very modest in vivo benefit. In vitro, a continuous dose-response relationship exists for CBDCA, suggesting that if higher doses could be administered safely to patients, greater clinical benefit might occur. We conclude that single agent CBDCA in the dosage and schedule administered has less than 20% activity (95% confidence intervals 0-19%) in NSCLC and an 11% response rate in SCLC (95% confidence intervals 2-34%). Despite this outcome, in vitro data in human NSCLC cell lines suggest higher dosages should perhaps be evaluated before discounting a role for CBDCA in the management of NSCLC. JF - American Journal of Clinical Oncology: The Official Publication of the American Radium Society AU - Dmitrovsky, E AU - Seifter, E J AU - Gazdar, A F AU - Tsai, C M AU - Edison, M AU - Brantley, P AU - Veach, S R AU - Batist, G AU - Ihde, D C AU - Mulshine, J L AD - National Cancer Institute, Navy Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology Branches, Bethesda, MD 20814. PY - 1990 SP - 285 EP - 289 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0277-3732, 0277-3732 KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - In Vitro KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Human KW - Aged KW - Carboplatin KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Lung Neoplasms KW - Adult KW - Middle Age KW - Organoplatinum Compounds KW - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung KW - Male KW - Female KW - Remission Induction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85266364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Oncology%3A+The+Official+Publication+of+the+American+Radium+Society&rft.atitle=A+phase+II+trial+of+carboplatin+%28CBDCA%29+in+small-cell+and+non-small-cell+lung+cancer+with+correlation+to+in+vitro+analysis+of+cytotoxicity.&rft.au=Dmitrovsky%2C+E%3BSeifter%2C+E+J%3BGazdar%2C+A+F%3BTsai%2C+C+M%3BEdison%2C+M%3BBrantley%2C+P%3BVeach%2C+S+R%3BBatist%2C+G%3BIhde%2C+D+C%3BMulshine%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Dmitrovsky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Oncology%3A+The+Official+Publication+of+the+American+Radium+Society&rft.issn=02773732&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Auditory and visual event-related perturbations in the 40 Hz auditory steady-state response. AN - 85239556; pmid-1697243 AB - The effects of salient auditory and visual 'foreground' stimuli on responses to 'background' probe stimuli were investigated. The foreground stimuli were given at long and aperiodic intervals and required a discriminative judgment. Simultaneously, evoked potentials were obtained in response to background probe auditory stimuli presented in a continuous train at about 40/sec. The 40 Hz steady-state rhythm (SSR) evoked under such conditions was extracted using digital averaging and filtering techniques and examined continuously for evidence of change in latency or amplitude during the period surrounding the foreground stimulus. Within the first 200-300 msec after the onset of an acoustic foreground stimulus the latencies of individual peaks in the rhythm were momentarily reduced by a mean of 5.5 msec. A shift in the 40 Hz rhythm was also seen following visual foreground stimuli, although the shift was about one-third that following acoustic stimuli. A latency shift of comparable magnitude was not produced by deliberate manipulation of intensity or signal-to-noise ratio of the stimuli used to evoke the rhythm. The latency shift response is discussed in terms of a transient period of sensory facilitation during orienting or alerting associated with the foreground stimuli. JF - Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology AU - Rohrbaugh, J W AU - Varner, J L AU - Paige, S R AU - Eckardt, M J AU - Ellingson, R J AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, DICBR, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 148 EP - 164 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0013-4694, 0013-4694 KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. KW - Human KW - Adult KW - Electroencephalography KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory KW - Female KW - Male KW - Reaction Time KW - Acoustic Stimulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85239556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electroencephalography+and+Clinical+Neurophysiology&rft.atitle=Auditory+and+visual+event-related+perturbations+in+the+40+Hz+auditory+steady-state+response.&rft.au=Rohrbaugh%2C+J+W%3BVarner%2C+J+L%3BPaige%2C+S+R%3BEckardt%2C+M+J%3BEllingson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Rohrbaugh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electroencephalography+and+Clinical+Neurophysiology&rft.issn=00134694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age changes in pure-tone hearing thresholds in a longitudinal study of normal human aging. AN - 85144770; pmid-2212307 AB - Hearing thresholds were obtained on 813 adult males (20-95 years) measured at 11 frequencies ranging from 0.125-8 kHz from pure-tone audiograms collected over a 20-year period from 1968 to 1987. Audiograms taken at two to six different ages spanning a maximum observation period of 15 years were obtained for each male belonging to one of seven different age groups (20,30,...,80 years) based on the age of initial observation. The males were participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal study of Aging (BLSA), a multidisciplinary community-based study of normal human aging. Changes in hearing thresholds occurred in all age groups during the 15-year follow-up period. For example, at 0.5 and 8 kHz for combined left and right ears there was an average longitudinal loss of 5.7-7.6 and 5.1-21.1 dB, respectively, for 20-year-olds, 10.0-12.7 and 35.2-53.0 dB for 50-year-olds, and 22.9-48.5 and 69.0-84.5 dB for 80-year-olds. As in results from previous cross-sectional studies, hearing loss in the males 70 years and older is greatest at the highest frequencies. The rate of change for these older males is faster in the speech-range frequencies 0.5-2 kHz than in the higher frequencies, since their hearing has already diminished at the high frequencies. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Brant, L J AU - Fozard, J L AD - Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. PY - 1990 SP - 813 EP - 820 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85144770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Age+changes+in+pure-tone+hearing+thresholds+in+a+longitudinal+study+of+normal+human+aging.&rft.au=Brant%2C+L+J%3BFozard%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Brant&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a rehabilitation of methadone maintenance: integration of relapse prevention and aftercare. AN - 80414142; 1966683 AB - Methadone maintenance was originally proposed as a long-term treatment modality for opiate addiction. However, most clients leave methadone maintenance rather than take methadone indefinitely and subsequently relapse to opiate use. In this article, the author examines relapse to opiate use by clients during and after methadone maintenance treatment in the United States. He reviews models of relapse prevention and aftercare which may be applicable to clients in methadone treatment. There now exist structured and psychotherapeutic relapse prevention methods which may be integrated into methadone maintenance treatment and could serve, in addition, to revitalize methadone maintenance treatment. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Weddington, W W AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore,Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 1201 EP - 1224 VL - 25 IS - 9A-10A SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Continuity of Patient Care -- standards KW - Recurrence KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Aftercare -- organization & administration KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Self-Help Groups -- organization & administration KW - Psychotherapy -- standards KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- therapy KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Aftercare -- standards KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Self-Help Groups -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80414142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Towards+a+rehabilitation+of+methadone+maintenance%3A+integration+of+relapse+prevention+and+aftercare.&rft.au=Weddington%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Weddington&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=9A-10A&rft.spage=1201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cyclosporin nephrotoxicity. AN - 80394600; 2104260 AB - Cyclosporin therapy is associated with several forms of nephrotoxicity, the most significant of which are reversible impairment of glomerular filtration and irreversible interstitial fibrosis. Impaired glomerular filtration is due to both reduction in Kf, the glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient, and to reduction in renal blood flow. The mechanisms responsible for the low Kf are not well defined, but heightened mesangial cell contractility may contribute. Reduced renal blood flow with chronic cyclosporin therapy arises from both endothelial damage and altered eicosanoid metabolism, in particular increased thromboxane synthesis. Renal interstitial fibrosis, which develops in some patients after approximately 6-12 months of cyclosporin therapy, poses a major limitation to the chronic use of the drug. Two mechanisms likely contribute to cyclosporin-associated interstitial fibrosis. First, endothelial injury and vasoconstriction produce renal ischemia, which in turn is associated with enhanced synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins. Second, cyclosporin likely influences the accumulation of matrix proteins in the renal interstitium through nonhemodynamic mechanisms, as suggested by altered matrix accumulation in non-renal tissues. This effect of cyclosporin may be direct or indirect, via mediators including cytokines, peptide growth factors, and thromboxane. The molecular mechanisms of cyclosporin action on immunologic and mesenchymal cells are active areas of investigation. Intracellular targets of cyclosporin include mitochondrial respiration, cellular calcium signaling, protein kinase C, protein synthesis, and peptidyl-prolyl isomerases. However, the significance of these intracellular effects for cyclosporin nephrotoxicity remains to be demonstrated. JF - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN AU - Kopp, J B AU - Klotman, P E AD - Molecular Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 162 EP - 179 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1046-6673, 1046-6673 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Cyclosporins KW - Eicosanoids KW - Proteins KW - Amino Acid Isomerases KW - EC 5.1.1.- KW - Peptidylprolyl Isomerase KW - EC 5.2.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Amino Acid Isomerases -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Renal Circulation -- drug effects KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kidney Transplantation KW - Humans KW - Eicosanoids -- metabolism KW - Vasoconstriction -- drug effects KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cyclosporins -- adverse effects KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Cyclosporins -- metabolism KW - Cyclosporins -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80394600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Nephrology+%3A+JASN&rft.atitle=Cellular+and+molecular+mechanisms+of+cyclosporin+nephrotoxicity.&rft.au=Kopp%2C+J+B%3BKlotman%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Kopp&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Nephrology+%3A+JASN&rft.issn=10466673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-21 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of two independent mechanisms by which interferon-induced gene expression is down regulated. AN - 80290510; 2127700 AB - Interferons (IFNs) induce the expression of a variety of cellular RNAs. Phorbol esters can inhibit IFN-induced expression of some of these RNAs, including ISG-54K. The actions of phorbol esters on IFN-activated ISG-54K transcription are cell specific and are reversed by inhibitors of protein synthesis. In those cell lines in which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-induced ISG-54K transcription, prolonged IFN exposure also induces a "desensitized state" such that further IFN exposure no longer induces ISG-54K expression. IFN-induced desensitization is also reversed by inhibitors of protein synthesis. Experiments are described to determine whether the mechanism by which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-activated ISG-54K expression is the same as the mechanism by which prolonged exposure to IFN makes cells refractory to further induction of ISG-54K expression. Cultured cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) for 72 h are desensitized to phorbol esters such that further addition of phorbols does not inhibit IFN-induced ISG-54K expression. In both naive and TPA-desensitized human fibroblasts or WISH cells, prolonged IFN treatment induced a desensitized state that was reversible by cycloheximide. This observation suggests that the mechanisms by which prolonged IFN treatment and phorbol esters inhibit ISG-54K expression are independent. JF - Cell regulation AU - Akai, H AU - Larner, A C AD - Laboratory of Cytokine Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 707 EP - 713 VL - 1 IS - 9 SN - 1044-2030, 1044-2030 KW - ISG-54K KW - Phorbol Esters KW - 0 KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - RNA Probes KW - RNA, Antisense KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Interferon-gamma -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80290510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+regulation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+two+independent+mechanisms+by+which+interferon-induced+gene+expression+is+down+regulated.&rft.au=Akai%2C+H%3BLarner%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Akai&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+regulation&rft.issn=10442030&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - ISG-54K N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] Cell. 1989 Nov 3;59(3):405-8 [2572326] Cell. 1984 Oct;38(3):745-55 [6548414] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(21):6733-7 [6436820] Nature. 1985 Jun 20-26;315(6021):672-6 [3925348] Cell. 1985 Nov;43(1):243-51 [3000601] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 5;261(1):453-9 [2934388] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(2):357-60 [3455773] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(20):7765-9 [2945205] Science. 1986 Oct 17;234(4774):355-8 [2429366] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):8929-33 [3466167] J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 5;262(1):234-8 [3491822] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9453-7 [3540941] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2256-66 [3037355] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:727-77 [2441659] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(18):6394-8 [3476954] Nature. 1987 Oct 15-21;329(6140):648-51 [2821407] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Oct;7(10):3490-502 [3119989] Genes Dev. 1988 Apr;2(4):383-93 [3371658] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5122-5 [3134657] J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 25;264(6):3252-5 [2464596] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1973-6 [2494657] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2243-7 [2538838] J Biol Chem. 1989 Aug 25;264(24):14305-11 [2474543] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):6951-63 [6548307] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clofibrate-inducible rat hepatic P450s IVA1 and IVA3 catalyze the omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation of fatty acids and the omega-hydroxylation of prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha. AN - 80238048; 2280187 AB - Cytochromes P450IVA1 and IVA3 display 72% amino acid sequence similarity and are expressed in livers of rats treated with the hypolipidemic drug clofibrate. The catalytic activities of IVA1 and IVA3 were examined by cDNA-directed expression using vaccinia virus. cDNA-expressed IVA1 and IVA3 had relative Mrs of 51,500 and 52,000, respectively, on SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Both enzymes displayed reduced, CO-bound absorption spectra with lambda max of 452.5 nm. IVA1 and IVA3 hydroxylated lauric acid at the omega and omega-1 positions with equivalent omega/omega-1 ratios of about 12.5. IVA1 had a substrate turnover of 21 min-1 which was about fourfold higher than that of IVA3. The omega and omega-1 hydroxylation of palmitic acid was also catalyzed by these P450s with combined turnover numbers for both metabolites of 45 min-1 or 18 min-1 for IVA1 and IVA3, respectively. The omega/omega-1 oxidation ratio of IVA1 for palmitate was 1.25 which was almost fourfold higher than that obtained for IVA3. These enzymes also catalyzed omega oxidation of the physiologically important eicosanoids prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha with turnover numbers of about one-tenth those calculated for fatty acid oxidations. No omega-1 hydroxy metabolites were produced. These studies indicate that the P450 enzymes IVA1 and IVA3 are able to catalyze the oxidations of both fatty acids and prostaglandins. JF - Journal of lipid research AU - Aoyama, T AU - Hardwick, J P AU - Imaoka, S AU - Funae, Y AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 1477 EP - 1482 VL - 31 IS - 8 SN - 0022-2275, 0022-2275 KW - Fatty Acids KW - 0 KW - Lauric Acids KW - Palmitic Acids KW - lauric acid KW - 1160N9NU9U KW - Palmitic Acid KW - 2V16EO95H1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Dinoprost KW - B7IN85G1HY KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A KW - EC 1.14.15.3 KW - Alprostadil KW - F5TD010360 KW - Clofibrate KW - HPN91K7FU3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lauric Acids -- metabolism KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Hydroxylation KW - Rats KW - Blotting, Western KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Palmitic Acids -- metabolism KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- genetics KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Dinoprost -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Alprostadil -- metabolism KW - Fatty Acids -- metabolism KW - Clofibrate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80238048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.atitle=Clofibrate-inducible+rat+hepatic+P450s+IVA1+and+IVA3+catalyze+the+omega-+and+%28omega-1%29-hydroxylation+of+fatty+acids+and+the+omega-hydroxylation+of+prostaglandins+E1+and+F2+alpha.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BHardwick%2C+J+P%3BImaoka%2C+S%3BFunae%2C+Y%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.issn=00222275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular responses to oxidative stress: the [Ah] gene battery as a paradigm. AN - 80213391; 2272308 AB - A major source of oxidative stress in animals is plant stress metabolites, also termed phytoalexins. The aromatic hydrocarbon-responsive [Ah] gene battery is considered here as a model system in which we can study metabolically coordinated enzymes that respond to phytoalexin-induced oxidative stress. In the mouse, the [Ah] battery comprises at least six genes: two Phase I genes, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2; and four Phase II genes, Nmo-1, Aldh-1, Ugt-1, and Gt-1. All six genes appear to be regulated positively by inducers such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and other ligands of the Ah receptor. In the absence of foreign inducer, the control of Nmo-1 gene expression is independent of the control of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 gene expression. The radiation deletion homozygote c14CoS/c14CoS mouse is lacking about 1.1 centiMorgans of chromosome 7. Although having no detectable CYP1A1 or CYP1A2 activation, the untreated c14CoS/c14CoS mouse exhibits markedly elevated transcripts of the Nmo-1 gene and three growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible (gadd) genes. These data suggest that the missing region on chromosome 7 in the c14CoS/c14CoS mouse contains a gene(s), which we propose to call Nmo-1n, encoding a trans-acting factor(s) that is a negative effector of the Nmo-1 and gadd genes. The three other [Ah] battery Phase II genes behave similarly to Nmo-1 in the c14CoS/c14CoS mouse. This coordinated response to oxidative stress and DNA damage, by way of the release of a mammalian battery of genes from negative control, bears an interesting resemblance to the SOS response in bacteria. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Nebert, D W AU - Petersen, D D AU - Fornace, A J AD - Laboratory of Developmental Pharmacology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 13 EP - 25 VL - 88 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Plant Extracts KW - Quinones KW - Sesquiterpenes KW - Terpenes KW - phytoalexins KW - 37297-20-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Quinones -- toxicity KW - Genes KW - DNA Damage -- genetics KW - Stress, Physiological -- metabolism KW - Stress, Physiological -- genetics KW - Plant Extracts -- toxicity KW - Stress, Physiological -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80213391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Cellular+responses+to+oxidative+stress%3A+the+%5BAh%5D+gene+battery+as+a+paradigm.&rft.au=Nebert%2C+D+W%3BPetersen%2C+D+D%3BFornace%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Nebert&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Oct 18;72(4):1244-50 [826246] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Oct;9(10):4196-203 [2573827] Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Sep;3(9):1399-408 [2575218] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;20(3):153-74 [2558673] J Mol Biol. 1989 Dec 20;210(4):709-19 [2693740] Cell. 1979 Feb;16(2):225-37 [36985] Nature. 1980 Apr 10;284(5756):555-6 [6245367] Int Rev Cytol. 1980;68:251-306 [7014501] Genetics. 1982 Mar;100(3):427-53 [7117820] Nature. 1982 Nov 18;300(5889):271-3 [7144882] Microbiol Rev. 1984 Mar;48(1):60-93 [6371470] Am J Pathol. 1984 Jun;115(3):426-36 [6610362] Cancer Res. 1984 Dec;44(12 Pt 1):5463-74 [6388826] Carcinogenesis. 1985 Apr;6(4):513-21 [3921270] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(9):2866-9 [2859594] Annu Rev Physiol. 1986;48:363-76 [3010817] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5184-8 [3460089] Ann Intern Med. 1986 Sep;105(3):351-5 [2943201] J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 25;261(33):15607-14 [3096993] Pharmacol Rev. 1987 Jun;39(2):147-61 [3303065] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:945-93 [3304150] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 1;140(3):928-35 [3257509] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(4):1161-4 [3422486] Cell. 1988 Mar 11;52(5):685-95 [3345568] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1782-6 [2831537] Mutat Res. 1988 May;193(3):193-206 [2966294] Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):889-95 [3283939] Nature. 1988 Jun 16;333(6174):676-9 [3287181] Adv Cancer Res. 1988;50:25-70 [3287845] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):317-22 [3291120] Biochem J. 1988 May 1;251(3):825-9 [2458098] Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):229-37 [3051381] Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):256-9 [3262923] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8261-5 [3141925] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1988 Nov 1;266(2):397-407 [3190234] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8800-4 [3194391] Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Dec 15;37(24):4671-7 [3144286] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Jan 18;988(1):73-97 [2535787] FASEB J. 1989 Jan;3(1):59-64 [2910738] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 15;264(2):683-6 [2536021] DNA. 1989 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-13 [2651058] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1989;14 Suppl 16:66-77 [2659334] Int J Biochem. 1989;21(3):243-52 [2545475] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 15;264(20):11839-42 [2545686] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jul;36(1):66-71 [2747632] Cell. 1989 Jul 14;58(1):1-4 [2665940] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jun;9(6):2378-86 [2548080] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6699-703 [2505256] Annu Rev Biochem. 1989;58:743-64 [2673020] DNA. 1989 Jul-Aug;8(6):399-408 [2776626] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Mar 21;75(2):337-41 [851440] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Workshop on fiber toxicology research needs. AN - 80211539; 2272321 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Dement, J M Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 261 EP - 268 VL - 88 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Dust -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80211539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+fiber+toxicology+research+needs.&rft.au=Dement%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Dement&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Res. 1988 Jun;46(1):86-106 [3286241] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional distribution of dopamine beta-hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase in the brains of rats exposed to manganese. AN - 80123302; 2242831 AB - The regional distribution of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) in rat brain was compared in control rats and rats given manganese in drinking-water (1 mg Mn/ml) for 30 days. In treated rats there was a significant accumulation of Mn in almost all regions of the brain except the hippocampus. Accumulation was highest in the hypothalamus, cortex and striatum. After Mn exposure, DBH activity was significantly decreased (in comparison with the controls) in the hypothalamus, striatum, mid-brain, cerebellum and cortex. A significant increase in MAO activity was found in the striatum, hypothalamus, mid-brain, hippocampus and medulla. The effects of Mn on these enzymes suggests the involvement of biogenic amines like dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin during Mn toxicity. The effect of Mn is region specific and in certain regions the action of Mn on DBH differs from that on MAO. These different effects of Mn on DBH and MAO in different regions of the brain might explain the variable symptoms seen in Mn-induced neurotoxicity in humans. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Subhash, M N AU - Padmashree, T S AD - Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 567 EP - 570 VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Manganese KW - 42Z2K6ZL8P KW - Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase KW - EC 1.14.17.1 KW - Monoamine Oxidase KW - EC 1.4.3.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Male KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Manganese -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Manganese -- pharmacokinetics KW - Monoamine Oxidase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80123302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Regional+distribution+of+dopamine+beta-hydroxylase+and+monoamine+oxidase+in+the+brains+of+rats+exposed+to+manganese.&rft.au=Subhash%2C+M+N%3BPadmashree%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Subhash&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cognitive performance and mood in patients with chronic insomnia during 14-day use of flurazepam and midazolam. AN - 80087327; 2229464 AB - The 99 chronic insomniacs examined in the present multicenter study were given three cognitive tasks (reading comprehension, addition, and digit symbol substitution test [DSST]) as well as the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) in order to evaluate the effects of flurazepam (Dalmane) 15 and 30 mg, midazolam 15 mg, and placebo on cognitive performance and mood. Subjective evaluation of performance was also obtained. A significant person in the patient's life was also asked to evaluate the patient's mood before and during the 14-day treatment interval. After a 20-day washout, next-day performance and mood were evaluated after placebo nights -1 and 0 (baseline) and after treatment nights 1, 2 (early interval), 7 (middle interval), and 13 and 14 (late interval). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) on changes from baseline indicated no significant between-groups treatment effects for reading comprehension or any of the mood variables at any interval. Patients on flurazepam 30 mg performed less well compared with other groups even though, after completion of the tasks, this group believed that they performed as well as those on the other regimens. Performances by flurazepam 15 mg, midazolam, and placebo groups were similar. Significant others tended to rate high-dose flurazepam patients more negatively. High-dose flurazepam patients had a significant change on the DSST and addition tasks due to treatment after the first night, and change in performance remained significantly impaired for the DSST task relative to that of the other groups thereafter. JF - Journal of clinical psychopharmacology AU - Judd, L L AU - Ellinwood, E AU - McAdams, L A AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 56S EP - 67S VL - 10 IS - 4 Suppl SN - 0271-0749, 0271-0749 KW - Flurazepam KW - IHP475989U KW - Midazolam KW - R60L0SM5BC KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Problem Solving -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Affect -- drug effects KW - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Midazolam -- adverse effects KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Midazolam -- therapeutic use KW - Flurazepam -- therapeutic use KW - Flurazepam -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80087327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Cognitive+performance+and+mood+in+patients+with+chronic+insomnia+during+14-day+use+of+flurazepam+and+midazolam.&rft.au=Judd%2C+L+L%3BEllinwood%2C+E%3BMcAdams%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Judd&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4+Suppl&rft.spage=56S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.issn=02710749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation toxicity studies of cobalt sulfate in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. AN - 80078618; 2227161 AB - Groups of 10 F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex were exposed to cobalt sulfate heptahydrate aerosols of 0, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10, or 30 mg/m3, 6 hr per day, 5 days per week, for 13 weeks. All rats and female mice and all but 2/10 male mice exposed at the top concentration survived to the end of the studies. Polycythemia was observed in exposed rats but not in mice. Sperm motility was decreased in mice exposed at 3 mg/m3 (the lowest concentration evaluated) and at higher concentrations, and increased numbers of abnormal sperm and decreased testis and epididymal weights occurred in mice exposed to 30 mg/m3. Cobalt content in the urine of rats increased with increasing atmospheric cobalt exposure. Primary histopathologic effects were limited to the respiratory tract. Lesions in rats and mice included degeneration of the olfactory epithelium, squamous metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium, and inflammation in the nose; inflammation, necrosis, squamous metaplasia, ulcers (rats), and inflammatory polyps (rats) of the larynx; metaplasia of the trachea (mice); and fibrosis, histiocytic infiltrates, bronchiolar epithelial regeneration, and epithelial hyperplasia in the alveoli of the lung. The most sensitive tissue was the larynx, with squamous metaplasia observed in rats and mice at the lowest exposure concentration of 0.3 mg/m3. Thus, a no-observed-adverse-effect level was not reached in these studies. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Bucher, J R AU - Elwell, M R AU - Thompson, M B AU - Chou, B J AU - Renne, R AU - Ragan, H A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 357 EP - 372 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Cobalt KW - 3G0H8C9362 KW - cobalt sulfate KW - H7965X29HX KW - Index Medicus KW - Vagina -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Vagina -- cytology KW - Mice KW - Respiratory Tract Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Polycythemia -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Epiglottis -- pathology KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Thyroid Hormones -- blood KW - Species Specificity KW - Polycythemia -- pathology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Cobalt -- urine KW - Cobalt -- toxicity KW - Cobalt -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80078618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Inhalation+toxicity+studies+of+cobalt+sulfate+in+F344%2FN+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BThompson%2C+M+B%3BChou%2C+B+J%3BRenne%2C+R%3BRagan%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsine: absence of developmental toxicity in rats and mice. AN - 80076847; 2227160 AB - Arsine gas is a potent hemolytic agent but the effects of exposure to tolerated concentrations on pregnancy and prenatal development have not been reported. In the present evaluation, groups of bred mice and rats were exposed to arsine at concentrations of 0.025, 0.5, or 2.5 ppm on Gestation Days (gd) 6 through 15. Animals were killed on gd 17 (mice) or on gd 20 (rats) and endpoints of maternal and developmental toxicity were evaluated. In rats, maternal spleens were enlarged in the 2.5 ppm group and there was a decrease in packed red cell volume in pregnant rats. Fetuses weighed more than in the control group but other endpoints of developmental toxicity were not affected by arsine exposure. In another experiment involving separate groups of rats, the arsenic content of maternal blood and fetal livers increased with increasing atmospheric arsine concentrations, as assessed on gd 20. In mice, maternal spleen size was significantly increased in the 2.5 ppm group. The number of live fetuses, mean fetal body weight, and percentages of resorptions or malformations per litter were not affected by arsine exposure. In conclusion, arsine at atmospheric concentrations that caused increases in maternal spleen size and measurable levels of arsenic in maternal blood and fetal livers did not adversely affect endpoints of developmental toxicity. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Morrissey, R E AU - Fowler, B A AU - Harris, M W AU - Moorman, M P AU - Jameson, C W AU - Schwetz, B A AD - Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 350 EP - 356 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Arsenicals KW - Teratogens KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - arsine KW - V1I29R0RJQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Arsenic -- pharmacokinetics KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80076847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Arsine%3A+absence+of+developmental+toxicity+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Morrissey%2C+R+E%3BFowler%2C+B+A%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BMoorman%2C+M+P%3BJameson%2C+C+W%3BSchwetz%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Morrissey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of orally administered 2',3'-dideoxycytidine in mice. AN - 80057307; 2171152 AB - 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine (DDC), a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is presently undergoing clinical trials as a promising anti-AIDS drug. Since there are very limited published animal toxicity data available, and nucleoside analogues are being considered for treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women, a study was conducted in mice to investigate the potential adverse developmental effects of this drug. DDC, suspended in 0.5% methyl cellulose, was administered via gavage twice per day during gestation days (gd) 6 through 15 to C57Bl/6N mice in a total dose of 0, 200, 400, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg/day. Maternal weight gain during the gestation and treatment period, as well as gravid uterine weight, decreased significantly in the 2,000 mg group, but weight gain, corrected for gravid uterine weight, was not affected by DDC. The percent resorptions per litter increased significantly in the highest dose group, and there were fewer live litters because of complete litter resorption in six dams. Among litters with live fetuses, the mean litter size was significantly reduced in the 2,000 mg group. Average fetal body weight per litter decreased significantly in the 1,000 and 2,000 mg groups. The number of fetuses with any malformation, the number of litters with one or more malformed fetuses and the percent of malformed fetuses per litter increased significantly in the 1,000 and 2,000 mg groups. There was an increase in malformations at 400 mg/kg/day; however, it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, DDC produced developmental toxicity (malformations, reduced fetal body weight, and resorptions) in the absence of overt maternal toxicity except for body weight changes due to resorptions and reduced fetal weights. JF - Teratology AU - Lindström, P AU - Harris, M AU - Hoberman, A M AU - Dunnick, J K AU - Morrissey, R E AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 131 EP - 136 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Body Weight KW - Fetus KW - Animals KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Zalcitabine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80057307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+orally+administered+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxycytidine+in+mice.&rft.au=Lindstr%C3%B6m%2C+P%3BHarris%2C+M%3BHoberman%2C+A+M%3BDunnick%2C+J+K%3BMorrissey%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Lindstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of Veratrum alkaloid teratogenicity in the mouse. AN - 80057261; 2218940 AB - Jervine, a steroidal alkaloid found as a minor constituent in the teratogenic range plant Veratrum californicum, has produced similar terata in sheep, rabbit, hamster, and chick, although the sensitivity to the alkaloid varies in the different species. Sprague Dawley rats and Swiss Webster mice are relatively insensitive. The aim of this study was to determine the teratogenic potential of jervine in three strains of mice and to ascertain if the response is strain dependent. One strain, Swiss N:GP(S), was retested since a Swiss Webster strain had been found previously to be jervine-resistant. In addition, we tested C57BL/6J and A/J, which are known to differ in their response to the teratogenic action of steroids and vitamin A. Mice were treated by gavage with single doses of jervine (70, 150, or 300 mg/kg body weight) on either day 8, 9, or 10 of gestation. Jervine was teratogenic to C57BL/6J and A/J mice but not to N:GP(S). The induced terata included cleft lip with or without cleft palate, isolated cleft palate, mandibular micrognathia or agnathia, and limb malformations. Fetal teratogenicity and maternal and fetal toxicity were highly correlated. The prevalence of each defect and fetal death was a function of strain, dose, and time of treatment. Maternal death was higher in C57BL/6J than in A/J mice. Although some of the terata were similar, the response pattern between strains was different from corticosteroids and vitamin A for both sensitive period and the strain dose response. An effect on differentiation of chondrocyte precursors may account for many of the defects, but an earlier lethal effect on differentiation of neural crest cells or precordal mesenchyme may also occur. JF - Teratology AU - Omnell, M L AU - Sim, F R AU - Keeler, R F AU - Harne, L C AU - Brown, K S AD - Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Anomalies, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 105 EP - 119 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Veratrum Alkaloids KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Veratrum Alkaloids -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80057261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Expression+of+Veratrum+alkaloid+teratogenicity+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Omnell%2C+M+L%3BSim%2C+F+R%3BKeeler%2C+R+F%3BHarne%2C+L+C%3BBrown%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Omnell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anti-CD3 antibody-induced activated killer cells subsets of killer cells that mediate fast or slow lytic reactions. AN - 80025532; 2145218 AB - The present study has characterized two sets of alpha CD3-induced activated killer cells (CD3-AK). A 2 to 4-h 51Cr release assay or triton-treated 125IUdR release assay demonstrated that CD3-AK cultured in the continuous presence of alpha CD3 (CD3-AK+) mediated fast lysis. A 20-h 51Cr or 125I-deoxyuridine release assay demonstrated that CD3-AK cultured in the absence of alpha CD3 (CD3-AK-) mediated slow lysis. Activating the TCR-CD3 complex of CD3-AK- cells with alpha CD3 for 2 h enabled the killer cells to mediate fast lysis. The activation process was inhibited by H-7, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Conversely, removal of alpha CD3 from CD3-AK+ cell cultures for 24 h resulted in almost complete loss of the ability of CD3-AK+ cells to mediate fast lysis, but they still retained the ability to mediate slow lysis. It appeared that constant perturbation of CD3 by alpha CD3 maintained the CD3-AK+ cells in an active state, and thus, they were able to mediate fast lysis. On the other hand, activation by a 2-h incubation with PMA could convert the noncytolytic CD3-AK- cells to be cytolytic in slow lysis and to augment the slow lytic reactions mediated by CD3-AK- cell with low cytolytic activity. These results were confirmed by triton-treated 125IUdR release assay which could detect early DNA-release. Thus it appeared that activation of CD3-AK cells with T cell activation signals that bypassed TCR (such as PMA) could induce slow lysis. In the effector phase of lytic reactions, the fast lytic reaction was relatively resistant to inhibition by H-7, whereas the slow lytic reaction was susceptible to H-7 inhibition, indicating that fast lysis was PKC independent and slow lysis was PKC dependent. It was further found that H-7 inhibition was at an early stage of slow lysis, suggesting that a PKC dependent activation process preceded the PKC independent lytic process. These findings indicated that the CD3-AK- cells were in a less activated state which required further activation to turn on their lytic machinery to initiate the lytic reaction. JF - Immunological investigations AU - Ting, C C AU - Hargrove, M E AU - Henrich, P AD - Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 347 EP - 361 VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 0882-0139, 0882-0139 KW - Antigens, CD3 KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte KW - Isoquinolines KW - Piperazines KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine KW - 84477-87-2 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Immunophenotyping KW - Female KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- immunology KW - Lymphocyte Subsets -- immunology KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- immunology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80025532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunological+investigations&rft.atitle=Anti-CD3+antibody-induced+activated+killer+cells+subsets+of+killer+cells+that+mediate+fast+or+slow+lytic+reactions.&rft.au=Ting%2C+C+C%3BHargrove%2C+M+E%3BHenrich%2C+P&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunological+investigations&rft.issn=08820139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety and side-effects of buprenorphine in the clinical management of heroin addiction. AN - 80023586; 2209411 AB - Sublingual buprenorphine (8 mg) was administered to heroin-dependent addicts daily for 18 days and continued from day 19-day 36 either daily or on alternate days. Final data are reported on 18 subjects. The number of self-reported symptoms reviewed as potential adverse drug reactions ranged from 1 to 88 per participant. None was considered to be related definitely to the study medication, and there were no reporting differences between the two dosing regimens. Forty-five reactions were considered probably related to buprenorphine: sedation/drowsiness (three reports) and constipation (42 reports). It was concluded that these were anticipated drug effects rather than adverse reactions. Although some participants showed increases in serum aminotransferase levels, those increases could not be directly attributed to buprenorphine. We conclude that buprenorphine was well tolerated, but further study is needed in this population to delineate the possible attributable risk of the drug to hepatic dysfunction in this population. JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Lange, W R AU - Fudala, P J AU - Dax, E M AU - Johnson, R E AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 19 EP - 28 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Administration, Sublingual KW - Male KW - Buprenorphine -- therapeutic use KW - Buprenorphine -- administration & dosage KW - Heroin Dependence -- rehabilitation KW - Buprenorphine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80023586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Safety+and+side-effects+of+buprenorphine+in+the+clinical+management+of+heroin+addiction.&rft.au=Lange%2C+W+R%3BFudala%2C+P+J%3BDax%2C+E+M%3BJohnson%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of jobs, exposures, and mortality risks for short-term and long-term workers. AN - 80007465; 2401925 AB - We compared the jobs, estimates of exposures, and mortality experience of short-term (less than or equal to 1 year) and long-term (greater than 1 year) workers from nine plants producing formaldehyde or formaldehyde products. There were few jobs that were filled solely or primarily by newly hired workers. The estimated median level of formaldehyde exposure experienced by short-term workers on their first job was nearly identical to that for long-term workers, although short-term workers were more likely to be in jobs exposed to particulates than were long-term workers. As duration of employment increased, there was little change in the average estimated exposure level of formaldehyde, but the likelihood of being exposed to particulates decreased. Short-term workers had greater risks than long-term workers of dying from diseases of the circulatory system, arteriosclerotic heart disease, emphysema, diseases of the digestive system, cirrhosis of the liver, motor vehicle accidents, suicide and malignant neoplasms, particularly cancers of the stomach, colon, lung, prostate, and brain. JF - Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association AU - Stewart, P A AU - Schairer, C AU - Blair, A AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 703 EP - 708 VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 0096-1736, 0096-1736 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Time Factors KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Formaldehyde -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Formaldehyde -- toxicity KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80007465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+jobs%2C+exposures%2C+and+mortality+risks+for+short-term+and+long-term+workers.&rft.au=Stewart%2C+P+A%3BSchairer%2C+C%3BBlair%2C+A&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=703&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00961736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbamazepine retards the development of cocaine-kindled seizures but not sensitization to cocaine-induced hyperactivity. AN - 79999346; 2400545 AB - The effects of chronic carbamazepine on cocaine-kindled seizures and behavioral sensitization were examined in this study. Rats were fed a diet containing carbamazepine or no drug and then repeatedly administered cocaine (40 and 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally [IP] [117.6 and 147.0 mumol/kg, respectively]). Carbamazepine markedly decreased the development of cocaine-kindled seizures and their associated lethality, but did not affect the development of sensitization of behavioral stereotypies. Carbamazepine consistently decreased the peak stereotypy ratings at the 40 mg/kg but not 50 mg/kg dose. In a 2-day sensitization paradigm chronic carbamazepine did not affect acute cocaine-induced hyperactivity (day 1; 40 mg/kg), nor did it affect sensitization to a low dose challenge of cocaine (day 2; 10 mg/kg [29.4 mumol/kg]). Sensitization of stereotypy and locomotor activity are thought to be related to the psychomotor stimulant properties of cocaine, while seizures may be associated with cocaine's local anesthetic effects. Our data suggest that carbamazepine is inhibiting mechanisms associated with local anesthetic kindling and only minimally affecting the psychomotor stimulant effects of cocaine. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Weiss, S R AU - Post, R M AU - Costello, M AU - Nutt, D J AU - Tandeciarz, S AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 273 EP - 281 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Probability KW - Animals KW - Hyperkinesis -- chemically induced KW - Hyperkinesis -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Kindling, Neurologic -- drug effects KW - Seizures -- physiopathology KW - Carbamazepine -- pharmacology KW - Stereotyped Behavior -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Carbamazepine -- therapeutic use KW - Seizures -- prevention & control KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79999346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Carbamazepine+retards+the+development+of+cocaine-kindled+seizures+but+not+sensitization+to+cocaine-induced+hyperactivity.&rft.au=Weiss%2C+S+R%3BPost%2C+R+M%3BCostello%2C+M%3BNutt%2C+D+J%3BTandeciarz%2C+S&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative studies of the long-term growth of lymphocytes from tumor infiltrates, tumor-draining lymph nodes, and peripheral blood by repeated in vitro stimulation with autologous tumor. AN - 79985580; 2395007 AB - Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been grown from a variety of human tumors. TILs from some patients with melanoma demonstrate lytic activity specific for autologous tumor, and can mediate tumor regression when adoptively transferred to select cancer patients. In this study, we have compared the in vitro properties of lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBLs), from draining lymph nodes (DLNs), and from tumors (TILs) grown simultaneously from 10 patients: 2 with melanoma, 4 with breast cancer, 1 with gastric cancer, 1 with renal cancer, 1 with sarcoma and 1 with lung cancer. PBLs, TILs, and DLNs were cultured in RPMI 1640 + 10% human AB serum, 20% LAK cell culture supernatant, and 1,000 u/ml of recombinant interleukin-2. Half of each culture was restimulated with irradiated autologous tumor every 14 days. In all groups, tumor feeding enhanced lymphocyte proliferation, although TILs and DLNs consistently proliferated longer and more rapidly than PBLs. Eight of 10 early cultures of TILs and DLNs contained greater or equal proportions of CD8+ cells compared with CD4+ cells, but in long-term cultures an inversion of that ratio was seen (CD4+ greater than CD8+). In short-term chromium release assays, specific lysis of autologous tumor was seen in tumor-fed TILs and DLNs from one patient with melanoma, DLNs from one patient with breast cancer, and TILs from one patient with lung cancer. Other cultures had nonspecific lytic activity. Specific cytotoxicity against autologous tumor sometimes became apparent only after prolonged culture and repeated restimulation with autologous tumor. DLNs have in vitro properties similar to TILs and may be a useful immune reagent for cancer therapy. JF - Journal of biological response modifiers AU - Skornick, Y AU - Topalian, S AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 431 EP - 438 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0732-6580, 0732-6580 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Lymph Nodes -- cytology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Culture Media -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Cells, Cultured -- immunology KW - Cells, Cultured -- physiology KW - Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - Neoplasms -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79985580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.atitle=Comparative+studies+of+the+long-term+growth+of+lymphocytes+from+tumor+infiltrates%2C+tumor-draining+lymph+nodes%2C+and+peripheral+blood+by+repeated+in+vitro+stimulation+with+autologous+tumor.&rft.au=Skornick%2C+Y%3BTopalian%2C+S%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Skornick&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.issn=07326580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of chromatid damage after G2 phase X-irradiation in lymphoblastoid cells from Gardner's syndrome. AN - 79948843; 2387030 AB - Previous reports showed that skin fibroblasts or peripheral blood lymphocytes from individuals with hereditary cancer or with a genetic disorder predisposing to cancer show an abnormally high frequency of chromatid damage after X-irradiation in G2 phase. The reproducibility of this response suggested that it could provide the basis of an assay for genetic predisposition to cancer. The present blind study tested whether lymphoblastoid cell lines could also be used in this assay. Lymphoblastoid cell lines from patients with Gardner's syndrome (GS) were compared with those from clinically normal controls. In metaphase cells collected during the first 30 min after X-irradiation (58R), frequencies of chromatid breaks and gaps were similar in GS and normal cells. However, in metaphase cells collected from 0.5 to 1.5 h and 1.5 to 2.5 h after X-irradiation, the total unrepaired damage for each GS cell line was greater than that observed in any of the lines from clinically normal controls. The persistence of chromatid damage in the GS cells after X-irradiation suggests a deficiency or imbalance in the repair or processing of the radiation-induced DNA damage. The results show that lymphoblastoid cell lines in early passage can be used in this cytogenetic assay to identify members in a GS family who have the GS gene(s) or other individuals with a genetic predisposition to cancer. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Takai, S AU - Price, F M AU - Sanford, K K AU - Tarone, R E AU - Parshad, R AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 1425 EP - 1428 VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Rays KW - DNA Repair KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Chromatids -- radiation effects KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Gardner Syndrome -- genetics KW - Interphase -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79948843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+chromatid+damage+after+G2+phase+X-irradiation+in+lymphoblastoid+cells+from+Gardner%27s+syndrome.&rft.au=Takai%2C+S%3BPrice%2C+F+M%3BSanford%2C+K+K%3BTarone%2C+R+E%3BParshad%2C+R&rft.aulast=Takai&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. AN - 79947939; 1974836 AB - The epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and clinical course of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are described and the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of this disorder is discussed. ADHD is a behavioral disorder of unknown etiology characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity. The behavior, which may be manifest at home, at school, or in social situations, is generally worse in settings requiring sustained attention; as a result, academic underachievement is frequently an associated problem. Although the onset usually occurs before the age of four years, ADHD is most commonly diagnosed when the child enters school. It is up to six times more common in boys than in girls. Nearly one third of all children with ADHD continue to show symptoms of the disorder in adulthood. While many questions about the pathophysiology of ADHD remain unanswered and a cure has not yet been found, pharmacotherapy can effectively control the symptoms of the disorder in most patients. Three psychostimulant medications--dextroamphetamine sulfate, methylphenidate hydrochloride, and pemoline--are considered the drugs of first choice for management of the behavioral manifestations of ADHD. Dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate are equally effective in improving the symptoms of ADHD. Pemoline, a newer agent, may be tried in patients who cannot tolerate or do not respond to these two first-line agents. Common adverse effects associated with stimulant medications include anorexia, insomnia, stomach pain, and weight loss; these are generally transient and decrease with time. Imipramine hydrochloride and desipramine hydrochloride are less effective and may produce more serious adverse effects than the psychostimulants and are therefore considered second-line agents for the treatment of ADHD. Dextroamphetamine sulfate, methylphenidate hydrochloride, and pemoline have been shown to effectively control the behavioral symptoms of ADHD. For maximum impact, pharmacotherapy should be accompanied by behavioral, educational, and psychosocial intervention. JF - Clinical pharmacy AU - Calis, K A AU - Grothe, D R AU - Elia, J AD - Pharmacy Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 632 EP - 642 VL - 9 IS - 8 SN - 0278-2677, 0278-2677 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity -- diagnosis KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- therapeutic use KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- adverse effects KW - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity -- therapy KW - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+pharmacy&rft.atitle=Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder.&rft.au=Calis%2C+K+A%3BGrothe%2C+D+R%3BElia%2C+J&rft.aulast=Calis&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=632&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+pharmacy&rft.issn=02782677&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Clin Pharm 1991 Apr;10(4):261 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of high-density growth arrest in human squamous carcinoma cells by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). AN - 79947429; 2387019 AB - The highly toxic environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent carcinogen and tumor promoter, and affects cellular proliferation and differentiation both in vivo and in vitro. This report presents data showing that TCDD enhances the proliferation of two human squamous carcinoma cell lines in monolayer culture by inhibiting growth arrest at high cell density. SCC-15G and SCC-25 cells were treated with 0-100 nM TCDD in culture medium, and examined for changes in proliferation and differentiation. TCDD stimulated increases in cell number and DNA synthesis of both cell lines, and inhibited differentiation of SCC-15G cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum effective concentrations for increases in proliferation were 0.1 nM in SCC-15G cells and 1 nM in SCC-25G cells. The saturation density of SCC-15G cells grown in 10 nM TCDD was approximately double that of untreated controls, while the saturation density of SCC-25 cells was 50% above controls. TCDD-induced increases in proliferation were detectable only in cells exposed at subconfluent density, then assayed after control cultures had reached high-density growth arrest. There was no difference in cell number or DNA synthesis between control and TCDD-treated cultures when cells were both treated and assayed during the logarithmic phase of growth, nor in cultures treated after the cells had reached high density growth arrest. Therefore, TCDD-induced proliferation resulted from failure of treated cells to undergo normal density-dependent growth arrest rather than from direct mitogenic stimulation of the cells. Differentiation (envelope competence and keratin staining) of SCC-15G cells was inhibited by TCDD, despite the fact that in these cultures cell density was twice that of the controls. The sensitivity of SCC-15G cells to modulation of growth and differentiation by TCDD provides the basis for a model to examine the biological mechanisms of TCDD-induced alterations in proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Hébert, C D AU - Cao, Q L AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 1335 EP - 1342 VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- enzymology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- pathology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Dioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+high-density+growth+arrest+in+human+squamous+carcinoma+cells+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29.&rft.au=H%C3%A9bert%2C+C+D%3BCao%2C+Q+L%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=H%C3%A9bert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bromide interference: is less really better? AN - 79947383; 2387044 AB - Increased serum bromide may result from the ingestion of various drugs and from environmental exposures. Chloride methods that are less susceptible to bromide interference have a clinical disadvantage in that they are less likely to arouse suspicion in cases of bromide toxicity. When there is a clinical suspicion of bromide toxicity, differences among various analyzers in the amount of interference caused by bromide may be exploited to confirm this suspicion and to estimate the concentration of bromide in serum. JF - Clinical chemistry AU - Emancipator, K AU - Kroll, M H AD - National Institutes of Health, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 1470 EP - 1473 VL - 36 IS - 8 Pt 1 SN - 0009-9147, 0009-9147 KW - Bromides KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Poisoning -- diagnosis KW - Chlorides -- blood KW - Poisoning -- blood KW - Mathematics KW - Bromides -- poisoning KW - Bromides -- blood KW - Bromides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Bromide+interference%3A+is+less+really+better%3F&rft.au=Emancipator%2C+K%3BKroll%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Emancipator&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8+Pt+1&rft.spage=1470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+chemistry&rft.issn=00099147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Clin Chem. 1990 Aug;36(8 Pt 1):1399-403 [2387035] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interaction of methanol, rat-liver S9 and the aromatic amine 2,4-diaminotoluene produces a new mutagenic compound. AN - 79940356; 2385242 AB - Methanol is a widely used solvent for organic compounds and a human toxicant. In our studies of the metabolism of aromatic amines in the Ames/Salmonella assay, we observed a rapid and quantitative conversion of the mutagenic and carcinogenic aromatic amine 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT) to a single product. This product was only produced in the presence of methanol, and not other organic solvents. Isolation of this product showed that it was highly mutagenic in Salmonella TA98 with S9 activation. Characterization of the product of the interaction of methanol and 2,4-DAT indicated that methanol is activated to a reactive intermediate, probably formaldehyde, by the 9000 X g supernatant used in the Ames/Salmonella assay. The formaldehyde subsequently reacts with 2,4-DAT to form the mutagenic product, identified as bis-5,5'(2,4,2',4'-tetraaminotolyl)methane. Results of this study demonstrate that methanol may be an inappropriate solvent for mutation and metabolism studies of aromatic amines and possibly other chemicals, and that solvent-xenobiotic interactions may in some cases lead to the misinterpretation of results. JF - Mutation research AU - Cunningham, M L AU - Burka, L T AU - Matthews, H B AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 273 EP - 277 VL - 244 IS - 4 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Phenylenediamines KW - Solvents KW - bis-5,5'-(2,4,2',4'-tetraminotolyl)methane KW - 97-22-3 KW - 2,4-diaminotoluene KW - IS1AKN4HYB KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Molecular Structure KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Microsomes, Liver KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Biotransformation KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Phenylenediamines -- toxicity KW - Methanol -- metabolism KW - Phenylenediamines -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79940356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=The+interaction+of+methanol%2C+rat-liver+S9+and+the+aromatic+amine+2%2C4-diaminotoluene+produces+a+new+mutagenic+compound.&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+M+L%3BBurka%2C+L+T%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=244&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microsomal and cytosolic fractions of guinea pig hepatocytes contain 100-kilodalton GTP-binding proteins reactive with antisera against alpha subunits of stimulatory and inhibitory heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins. AN - 79936616; 1696725 AB - Guinea pig hepatocytes fractionated by differential centrifugation into plasma membrane-enriched, microsomal, and cytosolic fractions were examined for their content of alpha and beta subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) involved in signal transduction. alpha subunits of stimulatory (Gs) and inhibitory (Gi) proteins were detected by immunoblots with antisera reactive with the carboxyl-terminal decapeptide regions of these proteins. Unexpectedly, antisera (including immunopurified) to the alpha subunit but not the beta subunit reacted with a band of 100-kDa proteins in both the microsomal and cytosolic fractions. The immunoreactive 100-kDa proteins are not substrates for ADP-ribosylation catalyzed by pertussis toxin, cholera toxin, or diptheria toxin. Protease digests of the 100-kDa proteins yielded immunoreactive peptides that are distinctly different from those obtained from protease digests of alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. The 100-kDa protein(s) reactive with antisera to Gi alpha subunit bind to GTP-agarose but not to ATP-agarose. It is concluded that the immunoreactive 100-kDa proteins in microsomal and cytosolic fractions are structurally distinct G proteins from those linked to receptors in the plasma membrane and other G proteins such as elongation factor 2. Conceivably, the 100-kDa proteins represent a new class of G proteins. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Udrisar, D AU - Rodbell, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 6321 EP - 6325 VL - 87 IS - 16 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Diphtheria Toxin KW - 0 KW - Epitopes KW - Immune Sera KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Chromatography, Affinity KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Epitopes -- analysis KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79936616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Microsomal+and+cytosolic+fractions+of+guinea+pig+hepatocytes+contain+100-kilodalton+GTP-binding+proteins+reactive+with+antisera+against+alpha+subunits+of+stimulatory+and+inhibitory+heterotrimeric+GTP-binding+proteins.&rft.au=Udrisar%2C+D%3BRodbell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Udrisar&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=6321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Endocrinol. 1987 Jul;1(7):472-81 [3155263] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(20):7809-13 [2510151] J Neurosci. 1989 Mar;9(3):806-14 [2494307] Clin Chim Acta. 1989 Dec 15;185(3):347-55 [2515926] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:615-49 [3113327] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(18):6687-91 [3092218] J Neurochem. 1988 Jun;50(6):1791-7 [2836559] J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 5;263(22):10958-64 [3134354] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 25;263(18):8996-70 [3132454] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):4978-82 [3014523] Methods Enzymol. 1988;165:218-25 [2852763] Cell. 1989 Feb 10;56(3):357-68 [2536591] Cell Calcium. 1989 Jul;10(5):363-74 [2670240] Biochem J. 1985 Jun 15;228(3):593-603 [3896232] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):1208-12 [2105498] FASEB J. 1990 Mar;4(5):1460-8 [2407590] Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Protein Phosphorylation Res. 1984;17:145-51 [6203340] J Biol Chem. 1984 Jun 25;259(12):7378-81 [6145704] J Biol Chem. 1983 Sep 10;258(17):10495-502 [6136509] J Biol Chem. 1984 Jan 10;259(1):23-6 [6142883] J Biol Chem. 1983 Dec 25;258(24):15336-45 [6654915] Methods Enzymol. 1983;91:227-36 [6855576] FEBS Lett. 1979 May 1;101(1):85-9 [446743] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):5350-4 [228287] J Virol. 1978 Dec;28(3):957-71 [215787] J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102-6 [320200] Exp Cell Res. 1973 Jan;76(1):25-30 [4630105] J Cell Biol. 1969 Dec;43(3):506-20 [4900611] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Oct;58(4):1566-73 [4867665] J Biol Chem. 1975 Apr 10;250(7):2620-5 [1091638] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 31;159(3):1411-9 [2539152] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ethanol on cyclic AMP levels in intact PC12 cells. AN - 79933700; 2166518 AB - Two subclones of the rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12, were used to compare the effects of ethanol on adenylate cyclase activity in isolated membranes with its effects on cyclic AMP accumulation in intact cells. Consistent with previous reports, ethanol increased basal and 2-chloroadenosine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in isolated membrane preparations from both subclones. However, ethanol had opposite effects on agonist-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in intact cells of the two subclones, enhancing accumulation in one subclone, and inhibiting it in the other. The inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation did not result from stimulation of phosphodiesterase activity, activation of the inhibitory guanyl nucleotide regulatory protein, Gi, or stimulation of protein kinase C. The results indicate that extrapolation of the effects of ethanol from one cell type to another, or from in vitro to in vivo systems, may be complicated by the interaction of ethanol with regulatory processes that influence second messenger systems, and can differ in various types of intact cells. JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Rabe, C S AU - Giri, P R AU - Hoffman, P L AU - Tabakoff, B AD - Section on Receptor Mechanisms, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 565 EP - 571 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Adenylate Cyclase Toxin KW - 0 KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - 2-Chloroadenosine KW - 146-77-0 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate KW - 34273-04-6 KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - 2-Chloroadenosine -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- enzymology KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79933700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ethanol+on+cyclic+AMP+levels+in+intact+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Rabe%2C+C+S%3BGiri%2C+P+R%3BHoffman%2C+P+L%3BTabakoff%2C+B&rft.aulast=Rabe&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming growth factor-beta 1 and type I procollagen transcripts during regeneration and early fibrosis of rat liver. AN - 79922650; 2381163 AB - The temporal and cellular distribution of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 and procollagen alpha 1(I) transcripts were examined during regeneration and early fibrosis of rat liver using in situ hybridization and Northern blot analyses. Surgical two-thirds partial hepatectomy (mechanical partial hepatectomy (PH)) and carbon tetrachloride administration (chemical PH) were used to initiate liver regeneration and fibrosis, respectively. Enhancement of TGF-beta 1 gene expression appeared as early as 4 hours after mechanical PH and reached maximum at 12 hours, which preceded the peak of DNA synthesis. However, the peak of TGF-beta 1 expression after carbon tetrachloride administration was observed after 2 days. The increase in expression of the procollagen alpha 1 (I) gene followed that of TGF-beta 1 after both mechanical and chemical PH. Increases in TGF-beta 1 and procollagen alpha 1 (I) transcripts were observed primarily in periductal and periportal cells, as well as in endothelial cells of the portal and central veins after mechanical and chemical PH. In the centrilobular necrotic areas after chemical PH, TGF-beta 1 and procollagen alpha 1 (I) transcripts were observed first in inflammatory cells and then in desmin-positive perisinusoidal cells and resulted in the accumulation of connective tissues. These data suggest that TGF-beta 1 derived from inflammatory cells may have enhanced the expression of the procollagen alpha 1 (I) gene as well as that of the TGF-beta 1 gene itself in desmin-positive perisinusoidal cells by paracrine mechanisms. This sequence of events may represent the initial stages of liver fibrogenesis. JF - Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology AU - Nakatsukasa, H AU - Evarts, R P AU - Hsia, C C AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 171 EP - 180 VL - 63 IS - 2 SN - 0023-6837, 0023-6837 KW - Albumins KW - 0 KW - Desmin KW - Procollagen KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Albumins -- genetics KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Desmin -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Time Factors KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Collagen -- genetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning -- genetics KW - Liver Regeneration KW - Procollagen -- genetics KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79922650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Laboratory+investigation%3B+a+journal+of+technical+methods+and+pathology&rft.atitle=Transforming+growth+factor-beta+1+and+type+I+procollagen+transcripts+during+regeneration+and+early+fibrosis+of+rat+liver.&rft.au=Nakatsukasa%2C+H%3BEvarts%2C+R+P%3BHsia%2C+C+C%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Nakatsukasa&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Laboratory+investigation%3B+a+journal+of+technical+methods+and+pathology&rft.issn=00236837&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subcutaneous recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor used as a single agent and in an alternating regimen with azidothymidine in leukopenic patients with severe human immunodeficiency virus infection. AN - 79913030; 2198957 AB - We investigated the effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) administered by the subcutaneous route, first alone and then alternating with azidothymidine (AZT), in leukopenic patients with severe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ten patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or related disorders, five of whom could not tolerate conventional doses of AZT, were administered rGM-CSF subcutaneously for 12 days. They then were administered an alternating regimen using AZT for 1 week, followed by 5 days of subcutaneous rGM-CSF and 2 days without any medication. During the initial 12 days of GM-CSF administration, there was an increase in the mean white blood cell (WBC) value. In addition, rGM-CSF stimulated circulating monocytes as evidenced by an increase in superoxide anion production and expression of surface HLA-DR antigen. However, at the same time rGM-CSF increased the serum HIV p24 antigen in each of the six evaluable patients from 189 x/divided by 2.02 pg/mL (geometric mean x/divided by SEM) at entry to 375 x/divided by 2.11 pg/mL (P less than .05). During the subsequent period of alternating AZT and rGM-CSF treatment, serum HIV p24 antigen fell below the day 14 value in most patients, particularly after the weeks of AZT administration. The mean T4 cell value increased in patients who had not previously received AZT, but generally did not change in those who had prior AZT exposure. Hematologic toxicity appeared to be somewhat reduced compared with continuous full-dose AZT therapy, and two patients with previous AZT hematologic toxicity tolerated this alternating regimen for 25 weeks. Additional regimens simultaneously combining these two agents are worth exploring. JF - Blood AU - Pluda, J M AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Smith, P D AU - McAtee, N AU - Shay, L E AU - Oette, D AU - Maha, M AU - Wahl, S M AU - Myers, C E AU - Broder, S AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 463 EP - 472 VL - 76 IS - 3 SN - 0006-4971, 0006-4971 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Granulocytes -- physiology KW - Macrophages -- physiology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Hematopoiesis -- drug effects KW - Adult KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Granulocytes -- drug effects KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Growth Substances -- therapeutic use KW - Growth Substances -- administration & dosage KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- administration & dosage KW - Leukopenia -- etiology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- toxicity KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- therapeutic use KW - Zidovudine -- toxicity KW - Growth Substances -- toxicity KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- toxicity KW - Leukopenia -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79913030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Subcutaneous+recombinant+granulocyte-macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor+used+as+a+single+agent+and+in+an+alternating+regimen+with+azidothymidine+in+leukopenic+patients+with+severe+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.&rft.au=Pluda%2C+J+M%3BYarchoan%2C+R%3BSmith%2C+P+D%3BMcAtee%2C+N%3BShay%2C+L+E%3BOette%2C+D%3BMaha%2C+M%3BWahl%2C+S+M%3BMyers%2C+C+E%3BBroder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Pluda&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=00064971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Blood. 1991 May 1;77(9):2085-7 [2018845] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of a human complementary DNA for the multidrug resistance gene in murine hematopoietic precursor cells with the use of retroviral gene transfer. AN - 79896634; 2374175 AB - In multidrug resistance, cells become simultaneously resistant to anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids, epipodophyllotoxins, and certain other natural product cytotoxic drugs. Resistance results from synthesis of a multidrug transporter (P-glycoprotein) encoded by the MDR1 gene (also known as the PGY1 gene). In the present study, a retrovirus vector containing a complementary DNA for the human multidrug resistance gene HaMDR1/A was used to transfer the multidrug resistance phenotype to bone marrow cells of the DBA/2J mouse. A high proportion of transduced bone marrow cells showed resistance to both colchicine and vinblastine, as determined by in vitro colony formation of hematopoietic precursor cells. In addition, brief culturing of the cells in a cytotoxic drug following exposure to the retrovirus vector could be used to increase the proportion of bone marrow cell colonies that were resistant. These results may serve as a model for the generation and selection of bone marrow cells resistant to the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents in vivo. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - McLachlin, J R AU - Eglitis, M A AU - Ueda, K AU - Kantoff, P W AU - Pastan, I H AU - Anderson, W F AU - Gottesman, M M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 1260 EP - 1263 VL - 82 IS - 15 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Methylcellulose KW - 9004-67-5 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Colchicine KW - SML2Y3J35T KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Bone Marrow -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Genes, Viral -- physiology KW - Transduction, Genetic -- physiology KW - Bone Marrow Cells KW - Phenotype KW - Colchicine -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Harvey murine sarcoma virus -- genetics KW - Clone Cells -- physiology KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Transcription, Genetic -- physiology KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Transfection -- genetics KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- physiology KW - Gene Expression -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79896634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Expression+of+a+human+complementary+DNA+for+the+multidrug+resistance+gene+in+murine+hematopoietic+precursor+cells+with+the+use+of+retroviral+gene+transfer.&rft.au=McLachlin%2C+J+R%3BEglitis%2C+M+A%3BUeda%2C+K%3BKantoff%2C+P+W%3BPastan%2C+I+H%3BAnderson%2C+W+F%3BGottesman%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=McLachlin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Aug 1;82(15):1234-5 [2374171] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA recombination and natural selection pressure sustain genetic sequence diversity of the feline MHC class I genes. AN - 79894584; 1695669 AB - Sequence comparisons of seven distinct MHC class I cDNA clones revealed that feline class I molecules have a remarkable similarity to human HLA genes in their organization of functional domains as well as in the nonrandom partitioning of genetic variability according to the functional constraints ascribed to different regions of the MHC molecule. The distribution of the pattern of sequence polymorphism in the cat as compared with genetic diversity of human and mouse class I genes provides evidence for four coordinate factors that contribute to the origin and sustenance of abundant allele diversity that characterizes the MHC in the species. These include: (a) a gradual accumulation of spontaneous mutational substitution over evolutionary time; (b) selection against mutational divergence in regions of the class I molecule involved in T cell receptor interaction and also in certain regions that interact with common features of antigens; (c) positive selection pressure in favor of persistence of polymorphism and heterozygosity at 57 nucleotide residues that comprise the antigen recognition site; and (d) periodic intragenic (interallelic) and intergenic recombination within the class I genes. We describe a highly conserved 23-bp nucleotide sequence within the coding region of the first alpha-helix that separates two relatively polymorphic segments located in the alpha 1 domain that may act as a template or "hot spot" for homologous recombination between class I alleles. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Yuhki, N AU - O'Brien, S J AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 621 EP - 630 VL - 172 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - DNA -- genetics KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Protein Conformation KW - Gene Library KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Genetic Variation KW - Cats -- genetics KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Cats -- immunology KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Genes, MHC Class I UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79894584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=DNA+recombination+and+natural+selection+pressure+sustain+genetic+sequence+diversity+of+the+feline+MHC+class+I+genes.&rft.au=Yuhki%2C+N%3BO%27Brien%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Yuhki&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):836-40 [1967831] Science. 1987 Feb 13;235(4790):790-3 [3643650] Gene. 1983 Nov;25(2-3):263-9 [6198242] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Feb;80(3):726-30 [6572363] Nature. 1972 May 19;237(5351):139-45 passim [4113158] J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975 Mar 1;166(5):449-54 [163223] Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):459-62 [17755482] Nature. 1988 Sep 8;335(6186):167-70 [3412472] Mol Biol Evol. 1985 Nov;2(6):539-56 [3870876] Mol Biol Evol. 1986 Sep;3(5):418-26 [3444411] EMBO J. 1988 Sep;7(9):2765-74 [2460344] Nature. 1988 Sep 15;335(6187):268-71 [3412487] J Immunol. 1989 Jun 1;142(11):3937-50 [2715640] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(14):4767-71 [3474623] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Aug 11;16(15):7583-600 [2970625] Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1428-34 [2983425] Nature. 1988 Sep 15;335(6187):265-7 [3137477] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):958-62 [2492668] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):943-7 [2492667] J Immunol. 1989 May 15;142(10):3676-82 [2715636] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2448-52 [2928341] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(11):4005-9 [3375250] Methods Enzymol. 1987;153:3-11 [3323803] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Mar;87(6):2167-71 [2315309] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of functional neuropeptide Y receptors in a human neuroblastoma cell line. AN - 79880032; 2164571 AB - We identified receptors for neuropeptide Y (NPY) on an established human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-MC, which are functionally coupled to adenylate cyclase through the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein of adenylate cyclase, Gi. Intact SK-N-MC cells bound radiolabeled NPY with a KD of 2 nM and contained approximately 83,000 receptors/cell. Unlabeled porcine and human NPY and structurally related porcine peptide YY (PYY) competed with labeled NPY for binding to the receptors. NPY inhibited cyclic AMP accumulation in SK-N-MC cells stimulated by isoproterenol, dopamine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholera toxin, and forskolin. NPY inhibited isoproterenol-stimulated cyclic AMP production in a dose-dependent manner, with half-maximal inhibition at 0.5 nM NPY. Porcine and human NPY and porcine PYY gave similar dose-response curves. NPY also inhibited basal and isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in disrupted cells. Pertussis toxin treatment of the cells completely blocked the ability of NPY to inhibit cyclic AMP production and adenylate cyclase activity. The toxin catalyzed the ADP-ribosylation of a 41-kDa protein in SK-N-MC cells that corresponds to Gi. The receptors on SK-N-MC cells appeared to be specific for NPY, as other neurotransmitter drugs, such as alpha-adrenergic, dopaminergic, muscarinic, and serotonergic antagonists, did not compete for either NPY binding or NPY inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Thus, SK-N-MC cells may be a useful model for investigating NPY receptors and NPY-mediated signal transduction. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Gordon, E A AU - Kohout, T A AU - Fishman, P H AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 506 EP - 513 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Adenylate Cyclase Toxin KW - 0 KW - Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors KW - Neuropeptide Y KW - Peptides KW - Receptors, Neuropeptide Y KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Peptide YY KW - 106388-42-5 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- pharmacology KW - Cyclic AMP -- biosynthesis KW - Dopamine -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Neuropeptide Y -- pharmacology KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Peptides -- metabolism KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Neuropeptide Y -- metabolism KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- metabolism KW - Neuroblastoma -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79880032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+functional+neuropeptide+Y+receptors+in+a+human+neuroblastoma+cell+line.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+E+A%3BKohout%2C+T+A%3BFishman%2C+P+H&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and processing of the transmembrane envelope protein of equine infectious anemia virus. AN - 79878903; 2164597 AB - The transmembrane (TM) envelope protein of lentiviruses, including equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), is significantly larger than that of other retroviruses and may extend in the C-terminal direction 100 to 200 amino acids beyond the TM domain. This size difference suggests a lentivirus-specific function for the long C-terminal extension. We have investigated the synthesis and processing of the EIAV TM protein by immune precipitation and immunoblotting experiments, by using several envelope-specific peptide antisera. We show that the TM protein in EIAV particles is cleaved by proteolysis to an N-terminal glycosylated 32- to 35-kilodalton (kDa) segment and a C-terminal nonglycosylated 20-kDa segment. The 20-kDa fragment was isolated from virus fractionated by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined for 13 residues. Together with the known nucleotide sequence, this fixes the cleavage site at a His-Leu bond located 240 amino acids from the N terminus of the TM protein. Since the 32- to 35-kDa fragment and the 20-kDa fragment are not detectable in infected cells, we assume that cleavage occurs in the virus particle and that the viral protease may be responsible. We have also found that some cells producing a tissue-culture-adapted strain of EIAV synthesize a truncated envelope precursor polyprotein. The point of truncation differs slightly in the two cases we have observed but lies just downstream from the membrane-spanning domain, close to the cleavage point described above. In one case, virus producing the truncated envelope protein appeared to be much more infectious than virus producing the full-size protein, suggesting that host cell factors can select for virus on the basis of the C-terminal domain of the TM protein. JF - Journal of virology AU - Rice, N R AU - Henderson, L E AU - Sowder, R C AU - Copeland, T D AU - Oroszlan, S AU - Edwards, J F AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 3770 EP - 3778 VL - 64 IS - 8 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Immune Sera KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Peptides KW - Sulfur Radioisotopes KW - Viral Envelope Proteins KW - Viral Structural Proteins KW - Methionine KW - AE28F7PNPL KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - Peptides -- chemical synthesis KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Immunoblotting KW - Cysteine -- metabolism KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Methionine -- metabolism KW - Horses KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Glycosylation KW - Autoradiography KW - Gene Amplification KW - Base Sequence KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Kidney KW - Genes, Viral KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- genetics KW - Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine -- metabolism KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine -- genetics KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+processing+of+the+transmembrane+envelope+protein+of+equine+infectious+anemia+virus.&rft.au=Rice%2C+N+R%3BHenderson%2C+L+E%3BSowder%2C+R+C%3BCopeland%2C+T+D%3BOroszlan%2C+S%3BEdwards%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo). 1967 Spring;7(1):1-7 [4293211] Nature. 1990 Mar 8;344(6262):113 [2308630] Am J Pathol. 1971 Feb;62(2):283-94 [4322275] Am J Vet Res. 1972 Jan;33(1):11-8 [4333633] Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1973;42(4):361-70 [4358259] Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo). 1974 Winter;14(4):155-62 [4375791] Am J Vet Res. 1977 Dec;38(12):2067-9 [202180] J Virol. 1990 Apr;64(4):1616-24 [2157047] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Mar;6(3):275-85 [2340199] J Virol. 1990 Aug;64(8):3716-25 [2164593] J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982 Feb 1;180(3):272-5 [6276353] Intervirology. 1981;16(4):225-32 [6177659] Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1402-5 [2994223] Nature. 1985 Sep 26-Oct 2;317(6035):366-8 [2995822] Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):589-94 [3003905] Virology. 1986 Mar;149(2):217-29 [3004027] Virology. 1986 Dec;155(2):309-21 [2431539] J Virol. 1987 Apr;61(4):1116-24 [3029406] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):662-9 [3031510] Cell. 1987 May 8;49(3):307-19 [3646094] Virology. 1987 Jun;158(2):300-12 [3035786] Nature. 1987 Aug 6-12;328(6130):539-43 [3497350] Nature. 1987 Aug 6-12;328(6130):543-7 [3649576] Nature. 1987 Nov 12-18;330(6144):184-6 [2823148] Nature. 1988 Jun 2;333(6172):457-61 [3374586] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3167-74 [2841469] Virology. 1988 Aug;165(2):601-5 [2841805] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5941-5 [3261862] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Virology. 1980 Dec;107(2):520-5 [6256947] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6023-7 [6947213] J Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;107(5):1677-87 [3053734] J Virol. 1988 Dec;62(12):4691-6 [2846880] J Virol. 1989 Mar;63(3):1416-9 [2464704] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Feb;5(1):7-22 [2541749] J Virol. 1989 Jun;63(6):2543-9 [2542570] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):431-40 [2788443] J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4395-403 [2778881] J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4709-14 [2795718] Nature. 1989 Oct 19;341(6243):573-4 [2677749] J Virol. 1989 Dec;63(12):5194-200 [2555550] J Virol. 1990 Feb;64(2):890-901 [2296086] Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo). 1968 Winter;8(4):182-6 [4307837] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding equine infectious anemia virus tat and putative Rev proteins. AN - 79878857; 2164593 AB - We isolated and characterized six cDNA clones from an equine infectious anemia virus-infected cell line that displays a Rev-defective phenotype. With the exception of one splice site in one of the clones, all six cDNAs exhibited the same splicing pattern and consisted of four exons. Exon 1 contained the 5' end of the genome; exon 2 contained the tat gene from mid-genome; exon 3 consisted of a small section of env, near the 5' end of the env gene; and exon 4 contained the putative rev open reading frame from the 3' end of the genome. The structures of the cDNAs predict a bicistronic message in which Tat is encoded by exons 1 and 2 and the presumptive Rev protein is encoded by exons 3 and 4. tat translation appears to be initiated at a non-AUG codon within the first 15 codons of exon 1. Equine infectious anemia virus-specific tat activity was expressed in transient transfections with cDNA expression plasmids. The predicted wild-type Rev protein contains 30 env-derived amino acids and 135 rev open reading frame residues. All of the cDNAs had a frameshift in exon 4, leading to a truncated protein and thus providing a plausible explanation for the Rev-defective phenotype of the original cells. We used peptide antisera to detect the faulty protein, thus confirming the cDNA sequence, and to detect the normal protein in productively infected cells. JF - Journal of virology AU - Stephens, R M AU - Derse, D AU - Rice, N R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 3716 EP - 3725 VL - 64 IS - 8 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Gene Products, rev KW - Gene Products, tat KW - Immune Sera KW - Peptides KW - RNA, Viral KW - Trans-Activators KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Peptides -- chemical synthesis KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Exons KW - RNA Splicing KW - Horses KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - RNA, Viral -- isolation & purification KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kidney KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mutation KW - Gene Library KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Gene Products, rev -- genetics KW - Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine -- genetics KW - Gene Products, tat -- genetics KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Cloning+and+characterization+of+cDNAs+encoding+equine+infectious+anemia+virus+tat+and+putative+Rev+proteins.&rft.au=Stephens%2C+R+M%3BDerse%2C+D%3BRice%2C+N+R&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M54797; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Virol. 1988 Jan;62(1):120-6 [2824840] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 26;15(20):8125-48 [3313277] Cell. 1988 Jan 29;52(2):185-95 [3277717] EMBO J. 1988 Jan;7(1):245-51 [2834203] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3522-6 [2841502] Virology. 1988 Aug;165(2):601-5 [2841805] Nature. 1988 Sep 8;335(6186):181-3 [3412474] Nature. 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):738-40 [3262832] J Virol. 1988 Dec;62(12):4813-8 [2846892] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9224-8 [3194421] J Virol. 1989 Jan;63(1):1-8 [2535718] J Virol. 1989 Mar;63(3):1265-74 [2783738] Nature. 1989 Mar 16;338(6212):254-7 [2784194] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(5):1495-9 [2784208] J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 25;264(9):5031-5 [2538469] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1836-40 [2538817] J Virol. 1989 May;63(5):1959-66 [2704072] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(11):3978-81 [2726761] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):4813-7 [2544874] Virology. 1989 Jul;171(1):170-8 [2545028] Cell. 1989 Jul 14;58(1):205-14 [2752419] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5743-7 [2762293] J Virol. 1990 Jan;64(1):86-95 [2152836] J Virol. 1990 Apr;64(4):1616-24 [2157047] J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2505-18 [2186172] J Virol. 1990 Aug;64(8):3770-8 [2164597] Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo). 1967 Spring;7(1):1-7 [4293211] Am J Pathol. 1971 Feb;62(2):283-94 [4322275] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Am J Vet Res. 1978 May;39(5):731-40 [215061] Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513-23 [388356] Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 22;10(2):459-72 [7063411] Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):171-3 [2981427] Nature. 1985 Jan 24-30;313(6000):277-84 [2578615] Nature. 1985 Feb 7-13;313(6002):450-8 [2982104] Cell. 1985 Jul;41(3):813-23 [2988790] Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):69-73 [2990040] Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):369-82 [2410140] Nature. 1985 Sep 26-Oct 2;317(6035):366-8 [2995822] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):7919-23 [2999784] Cell. 1986 Jan 31;44(2):283-92 [3943125] Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):589-94 [3003905] Virology. 1986 Mar;149(2):217-29 [3004027] Cell. 1986 Sep 12;46(6):807-17 [3638988] Science. 1986 Nov 21;234(4779):988-92 [3490693] Virology. 1986 Dec;155(2):309-21 [2431539] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9734-8 [3025848] J Virol. 1987 Mar;61(3):743-7 [3027401] Cell. 1987 Feb 27;48(4):691-701 [3643816] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):662-9 [3031510] Virology. 1987 Jun;158(2):300-12 [3035786] Nature. 1987 Aug 6-12;328(6130):543-7 [3649576] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(18):6364-8 [3476953] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Sep 11;15(17):7155-74 [3658675] Nature. 1987 Dec 3-9;330(6147):489-93 [2825027] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - O glycosylation of glycoprotein G of human respiratory syncytial virus is specified within the divergent ectodomain. AN - 79878470; 2164608 AB - cDNAs encoding the G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus and the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein of parainfluenza virus type 3 were modified by site-specific mutagenesis and restriction fragment replacement to encode chimeric proteins consisting of the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of one protein fused to the ectodomain of the other. In the case of the HN ectodomain attached to the G transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, cell surface expression of the chimera was reduced. Otherwise, the presence of the heterologous transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains had little effect on the processing of the HN or G ectodomain, as assayed by the acquisition of N-linked and O-linked carbohydrates, transport to the cell surface and, in the case of HN, folding, oligomerization, and hemadsorption activity. These results showed that the synthesis and processing of each ectodomain did not require the homologous transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. In particular, O glycosylation of the G protein was specified fully by its ectodomain, even though this domain is highly divergent among the respiratory syncytial virus antigenic subgroups. In addition, whereas the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of the G protein were relatively highly conserved, they were nonetheless fully replaceable without significantly affecting processing. JF - Journal of virology AU - Collins, P L AD - Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 4007 EP - 4012 VL - 64 IS - 8 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Antigens, Viral KW - 0 KW - Codon KW - DNA, Viral KW - HN Protein KW - Viral Envelope Proteins KW - Viral Proteins KW - attachment protein G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Codon -- genetics KW - Simian virus 40 -- genetics KW - HN Protein -- analysis KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Glycosylation KW - HN Protein -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Chimera KW - Cytoplasm -- metabolism KW - Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human -- genetics KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Mutation KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Cell Line KW - Respiratory Syncytial Viruses -- genetics KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Antigens, Viral -- genetics KW - Antigens, Viral -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=O+glycosylation+of+glycoprotein+G+of+human+respiratory+syncytial+virus+is+specified+within+the+divergent+ectodomain.&rft.au=Collins%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1984 Dec;39(3 Pt 2):499-509 [6096007] DNA. 1984 Dec;3(6):479-88 [6096101] J Gen Virol. 1985 Mar;66 ( Pt 3):417-32 [3919149] Virus Res. 1984;1(3):225-39 [6099658] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(12):4075-9 [3858865] Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:631-64 [3896128] J Gen Virol. 1985 Sep;66 ( Pt 9):1983-90 [4031826] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Nov 11;13(21):7795-812 [4069997] J Virol. 1986 Feb;57(2):481-9 [3003381] J Virol. 1986 Jul;59(1):132-41 [2423701] Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):321-2 [3731270] Cell. 1987 Mar 13;48(5):899-907 [3545499] Cell. 1987 Jul 17;50(2):311-7 [2954653] Cell. 1987 Aug 14;50(4):521-2 [3607878] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 15;262(23):11339-44 [3611111] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5625-9 [2441388] Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):743-52 [2897244] J Virol. 1988 Dec;62(12):4653-60 [2846877] Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1988;4:257-88 [3058161] J Virol. 1989 Jan;63(1):411-20 [2535742] J Virol. 1989 Feb;63(2):892-900 [2536110] J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4767-76 [2677404] J Biol Chem. 1971 Apr 25;246(8):2519-23 [5102804] Eur J Biochem. 1974 Sep 1;47(2):371-82 [4472375] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1976 Aug;175(2):410-8 [958311] J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102-6 [320200] J Biol Chem. 1977 Jun 10;252(11):3799-804 [863904] Biochemistry. 1979 Oct 2;18(20):4444-8 [90521] Eur J Biochem. 1980 Oct;111(2):333-9 [7460900] J Biol Chem. 1981 Dec 10;256(23):12205-7 [6170641] J Cell Biol. 1983 Mar;96(3):835-50 [6682112] Cell. 1983 Apr;32(4):1026-8 [6340834] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inducible nuclear factor binding to the kappa B elements of the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer in T cells can be blocked by cyclosporin A in a signal-dependent manner. AN - 79877871; 2196387 AB - Cyclosporin A (CsA) is thought to exert its immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting the expression of a distinct set of lymphokine genes which are induced upon T-cell activation, among them the gene coding for interleukin-2. In addition, the activation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is partially suppressed. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying suppression by CsA, we have investigated the effects of this drug on transcription factors in T cells. Here we report that the formation of two distinct mitogen-inducible DNA-binding complexes, the kappa B complex within the HIV enhancer and the NFAT-1 complex within the interleukin-2 enhancer, is inhibited in the presence of CsA. The kappa B-binding activity with the HIV enhancer is inhibited only if it is activated via the mitogen phytohemagglutinin whereas phorbol myristate acetate-mediated activation is completely insensitive to the drug. This suggests a model in which functionally indistinguishable kappa B complexes can be activated via two separate pathways of signal transduction distinguishable by CsA. JF - Journal of virology AU - Schmidt, A AU - Hennighausen, L AU - Siebenlist, U AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08// PY - 1990 DA - August 1990 SP - 4037 EP - 4041 VL - 64 IS - 8 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Cyclosporins KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Interleukin-2 KW - NF-kappa B KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Transcription Factors KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Base Sequence KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - T-Lymphocytes KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Cyclosporins -- pharmacology KW - HIV -- genetics KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic -- drug effects KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79877871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Inducible+nuclear+factor+binding+to+the+kappa+B+elements+of+the+human+immunodeficiency+virus+enhancer+in+T+cells+can+be+blocked+by+cyclosporin+A+in+a+signal-dependent+manner.&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+A%3BHennighausen%2C+L%3BSiebenlist%2C+U&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Aug;81(16):5214-8 [6332315] Int Immunol. 1989;1(1):43-9 [2518655] Annu Rev Immunol. 1985;3:397-423 [3933532] J Exp Med. 1986 Apr 1;163(4):922-37 [2419474] Nature. 1986 Oct 16-22;323(6089):640-3 [3095662] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):711-3 [3031512] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;7(8):2735-44 [3670291] Nature. 1987 Nov 26-Dec 2;330(6146):391-5 [2825023] Science. 1987 Dec 11;238(4833):1575-8 [2825351] Genes Dev. 1987 Oct;1(8):751-61 [3428598] DNA. 1988 Jan-Feb;7(1):47-55 [3349904] Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):827-36 [2836068] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1715-24 [3260003] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4700-4 [3133660] Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):202-5 [3260404] Prog Allergy. 1988;42:246-79 [2845427] Science. 1988 Oct 28;242(4878):540-6 [3140380] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8825-9 [2848241] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 15;263(35):18904-10 [2848811] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):702-7 [2536062] J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1578-86 [2784507] Cell. 1989 Apr 21;57(2):287-94 [2495183] J Immunol. 1989 May 1;142(9):3286-91 [2496166] Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):457-60 [2497518] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):1041-8 [2498643] Science. 1989 Oct 13;246(4927):249-51 [2799385] Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1617-20 [2595372] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Nov 26;12(22):8685-97 [6095207] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pediatric phase I trial and pharmacokinetic study of piritrexim administered orally on a five-day schedule. AN - 79873671; 2369724 AB - Piritrexim, a new nonclassical antifolate, was evaluated in a multiinstitutional phase I trial in children. The starting dose was 290 mg/m2/day, administered p.o. every 12 h for 5 consecutive days, with courses repeated every 21 days. Dose reduction, initially to 200 mg/m2/day and subsequently to 140 mg/m2/day, was required because dose limiting myelosuppression and mucositis were encountered at the 290- and 200-mg/m2/day dose levels. Non-dose limiting toxicities included transient elevations in liver function tests, mild nausea, and skin rashes. The maximum tolerated dose was 140 mg/m2/day for 5 days. Pharmacokinetic monitoring was performed at steady state during the first course. For the 140-, 200-, and 290-mg/m2/day dose groups, the mean +/- SE peak plasma concentrations were 5.3 +/- 0.84, 9.3 +/- 1.7, and 10.2 +/- 2.3 microM, respectively, and occurred at a median of 1.5 h following the p.o. dose. The mean area under the plasma concentration-time curves were 18.1 +/- 2.3, 45.4 +/- 8.9, and 56.9 +/- 16.3 microM.h, respectively. Absolute bioavailability in two patients who were also monitored following a single i.v. dose of 140 and 200 mg/m2/day of piritrexim was 35 and 93%, respectively. Dose limiting toxicities were observed in 9 of 10 patients with 12-h trough piritrexim concentrations greater than 0.5 microM, whereas only 2 of 7 patients with trough concentrations less than 0.5 microM experienced dose limiting toxicities. A limited pharmacokinetic sampling strategy that allowed the area under the plasma concentration-time curve to be accurately predicted from the 3- and 6-h plasma drug concentration was developed. The recommended dose for future phase II trials is 140 mg/m2/day administered p.o. every 12 h for 5 consecutive days. Pharmacokinetic monitoring at 3, 6, and 12 h postdose may be useful for estimating bioavailability and for predicting which patients are at greatest risk for developing toxicity. JF - Cancer research AU - Adamson, P C AU - Balis, F M AU - Miser, J AU - Wells, R J AU - Bleyer, W A AU - Williams, T E AU - Gillespie, A AU - Penta, J S AU - Clendeninn, N J AU - Poplack, D G AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 4464 EP - 4467 VL - 50 IS - 15 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Pyrimidines KW - piritrexim KW - MK2A783ZUT KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Half-Life KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Pyrimidines -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Pyrimidines -- therapeutic use KW - Pyrimidines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79873671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Pediatric+phase+I+trial+and+pharmacokinetic+study+of+piritrexim+administered+orally+on+a+five-day+schedule.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+P+C%3BBalis%2C+F+M%3BMiser%2C+J%3BWells%2C+R+J%3BBleyer%2C+W+A%3BWilliams%2C+T+E%3BGillespie%2C+A%3BPenta%2C+J+S%3BClendeninn%2C+N+J%3BPoplack%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an in vitro analogue of initiated mouse epidermis to study tumor promoters and antipromoters. AN - 79870552; 2114947 AB - To facilitate the study of skin tumor promotion, a cell culture model system with characteristics analogous to initiated mouse epidermis was established. Cells of the keratinocyte cell line 308, derived from adult mouse skin initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, display the initiated phenotype, since papillomas are produced when the cells are grafted to the backs of athymic mice. Coculture of a small number of these initiated cells with confluent normal primary keratinocytes resulted in the inhibition of growth of colonies of 308 cells. Addition of fresh keratinocytes weekly was required to sustain the inhibition for 3-4 weeks. Inhibition of 308 cell colonies required culture medium with a calcium concentration of 1.2 mM; normal keratinocytes did not inhibit 308 cells in medium with 0.05 mM calcium. Growth of 308 cells was not inhibited by coculture with confluent fibroblasts or by 1.2 mM calcium medium conditioned by either keratinocytes or fibroblasts. During continuous exposure of the cocultures to tumor promoters, 308 cell colonies became apparent within 2-3 weeks. A limited number of promoters were tested in this model system and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, 12-O-retinoylphorbol-13-acetate, mezerein, and benzoyl peroxide were all active. The number of colonies which developed during promoter exposure in cocultures showed a dose-response curve which differed from the dose-response curve for stimulation of growth of 308 colonies in the absence of normal keratinocytes. Simultaneous treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and known inhibitors of skin tumor promotion, such as retinoic acid, fluocinolone acetonide, and bryostatin 1, blocked colony formation of 308 cells in cocultures but not in cultures with only 308 cells. In this model system, the actions of promoters and inhibitors both appear to be mediated by normal keratinocytes. JF - Cancer research AU - Hennings, H AU - Robinson, V A AU - Michael, D M AU - Pettit, G R AU - Jung, R AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 4794 EP - 4800 VL - 50 IS - 15 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Diterpenes KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Terpenes KW - mezerein KW - 34807-41-5 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - 12-O-retinoylphorbol-13-acetate KW - 80188-99-4 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Benzoyl Peroxide KW - W9WZN9A0GM KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- pharmacology KW - Benzoyl Peroxide -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Communication KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Keratinocytes -- drug effects KW - Keratinocytes -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79870552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+in+vitro+analogue+of+initiated+mouse+epidermis+to+study+tumor+promoters+and+antipromoters.&rft.au=Hennings%2C+H%3BRobinson%2C+V+A%3BMichael%2C+D+M%3BPettit%2C+G+R%3BJung%2C+R%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Hennings&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4794&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies of atomic bomb survivors. Understanding radiation effects. AN - 79867225; 2366304 JF - JAMA AU - Boice, J D AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/08/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Aug 01 SP - 622 EP - 623 VL - 264 IS - 5 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Japan KW - Female KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Radiation Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79867225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Studies+of+atomic+bomb+survivors.+Understanding+radiation+effects.&rft.au=Boice%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Boice&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-08-01&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: JAMA. 1990 Aug 1;264(5):601-4 [2366300] JAMA. 1990 Aug 1;264(5):596-600 [2366299] JAMA. 1990 Aug 1;264(5):605-9 [2366301] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Naturally-occurring age-dependent glutathione S-transferase pi immunoreactive hepatocytes in aging female F344 rat liver as potential promotable targets for non-genotoxic carcinogens. AN - 79911084; 2199028 AB - Naturally occurring basophilic foci (focal hepatocellular proliferative lesions) (FHPL) in the livers of aging female F344/NCr rats could not be promoted to grow or progress into tumors after phenobarbital (PB) exposure. Instead, PB induced new unique eosinophilic hepatocellular foci and adenomas much quicker in old rats than in young rats. We now report that these foci are immunoreactive for glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP) and that they appear to arise from some naturally occurring single and double GSTP-reactive cells and foci which occur spontaneously in the liver of aging F344 rats in an age-related fashion. PB and other nongenotoxic chemicals may act as "carcinogens" by promoting the growth (clonal expansion) of some of these putative spontaneously-initiated cells and foci into tumors. JF - Cancer letters AU - Ward, J M AU - Henneman, J R AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/07/31/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 31 SP - 187 EP - 195 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Basophils -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Eosinophils -- enzymology KW - Aging KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Female KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- enzymology KW - Glutathione Transferase -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79911084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Naturally-occurring+age-dependent+glutathione+S-transferase+pi+immunoreactive+hepatocytes+in+aging+female+F344+rat+liver+as+potential+promotable+targets+for+non-genotoxic+carcinogens.&rft.au=Ward%2C+J+M%3BHenneman%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-31&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specific binding of resiniferatoxin, an ultrapotent capsaicin analog, by dorsal root ganglion membranes. AN - 80003941; 2400923 AB - We have previously demonstrated that resiniferatoxin (RTX), an unusual phorbol-related diterpene, induces similar responses in rodents to those induced by capsaicin, the pungent constituent of hot peppers (the genus Capsicum). Strikingly, RTX was 3-4 orders of magnitude more potent than was capsaicin. We report here specific binding of [3H]RTX to particulate preparations from dorsal root ganglia (DRG), a target tissue of both RTX and capsaicin action. The Kd was 0.27 nM for DRG from the rat; the Bmax was 160 fmol/mg. The respective values for pig DRG were 2.2 nM and 730 fmol/mg. Typical phorbol esters did not inhibit [3H]RTX binding. Capsaicin inhibited binding with 10(4)-fold lower affinity than RTX, consistent with the relative in vivo potencies. The specific [3H]RTX binding appears to represent the postulated capsaicin receptor. JF - Brain research AU - Szallasi, A AU - Blumberg, P M AD - Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Promotion Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/30/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 30 SP - 106 EP - 111 VL - 524 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Diterpenes KW - 0 KW - Phorbol Esters KW - resiniferatoxin KW - A5O6P1UL4I KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Regression Analysis KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Binding Sites KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- metabolism KW - Capsaicin -- metabolism KW - Capsaicin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Diterpenes -- metabolism KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80003941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Specific+binding+of+resiniferatoxin%2C+an+ultrapotent+capsaicin+analog%2C+by+dorsal+root+ganglion+membranes.&rft.au=Szallasi%2C+A%3BBlumberg%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Szallasi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-30&rft.volume=524&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural features of the HMG chromosomal proteins and their genes. AN - 79930261; 2200521 JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Bustin, M AU - Lehn, D A AU - Landsman, D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/30/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 30 SP - 231 EP - 243 VL - 1049 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - High Mobility Group Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genes KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Biological Evolution KW - Humans KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- analysis KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- genetics KW - Multigene Family UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79930261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Structural+features+of+the+HMG+chromosomal+proteins+and+their+genes.&rft.au=Bustin%2C+M%3BLehn%2C+D+A%3BLandsman%2C+D&rft.aulast=Bustin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-30&rft.volume=1049&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transmembrane signaling in P815 mastocytoma cells by transfected IgE receptors. AN - 79893479; 2165065 AB - In order to delineate structural-functional relationships of the mast cell receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RI) by molecular-genetic analysis, a transfectable cell must be identified which resembles mast cells except for being deficient in receptors. We have found that the well known murine mastocytoma P815 is suitable. These cells express no Fc epsilon RI, lack mRNA for the alpha and beta subunits of the receptor, but contain some mRNA for gamma chains. After transfection with the cDNA for each of the subunits, stable clones could be isolated which expressed several hundred thousand normal Fc epsilon RI and synthesized large amounts of mRNA for alpha, beta, and gamma, the last at 3-fold higher levels than in the untransfected cells. Aggregation of the transfected receptors led to opening of presumptive calcium channels and to activation of phospholipase C, phospholipase A2, and protein kinase C. The kinetics and other characteristics of the signals were similar to those observed after stimulation of the rat tumor mast cells from which the receptor genetic material had been derived but were smaller in magnitude. These weaker signals most likely result from an overall reduced reactivity exhibited by the P815 cells since stimulation by other ligands led to weaker or even no responses. The cells failed to degranulate after either receptor aggregation or reaction with ionophores with or without phorbol ester. Both the transfected and untransfected P815 cells express Fc receptors for IgG (Fc gamma RII) which, interestingly, independently triggered similar responses despite their apparently simpler subunit structure. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Miller, L AU - Alber, G AU - Varin-Blank, N AU - Ludowyke, R AU - Metzger, H AD - Section on Chemical Immunology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin, Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 25 SP - 12444 EP - 12453 VL - 265 IS - 21 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Antigens, Differentiation KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgE KW - Receptors, IgG KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Myosins KW - EC 3.6.4.1 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Myosins -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Cell Degranulation KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Antigens, Differentiation -- physiology KW - Receptor Aggregation KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Molecular Weight KW - Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute KW - Rats KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Phosphorylation KW - Transfection KW - Recombinant Proteins -- ultrastructure KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Signal Transduction KW - Receptors, Fc -- physiology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - Mast Cells -- physiology KW - Immunoglobulin E -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79893479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Transmembrane+signaling+in+P815+mastocytoma+cells+by+transfected+IgE+receptors.&rft.au=Miller%2C+L%3BAlber%2C+G%3BVarin-Blank%2C+N%3BLudowyke%2C+R%3BMetzger%2C+H&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=12444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cloning metabolic pathway genes by complementation in Escherichia coli. Isolation and expression of Plasmodium falciparum glucose phosphate isomerase. AN - 79892468; 2197273 AB - Genetic complementation of an Escherichia coli double mutant was used to isolate and express the gene coding for Plasmodium falciparum glucose phosphate isomerase. The gene contains a 1773-base pair open reading frame, has no introns, and maps to P. falciparum chromosome 14. 34% of the deduced amino acid sequence is identical to human glucose phosphate isomerase, with highest similarity in regions of the proposed active sites. The putative initiation site of translation was determined by deletional and oligonucleotide mediated, site-specific mutageneses. Our data suggest that key metabolic enzymes of Plasmodia can be cloned and expressed in E. coli without prior knowledge of the primary amino acid or nucleic acid structure. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Kaslow, D C AU - Hill, S AD - Malaria Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 25 SP - 12337 EP - 12341 VL - 265 IS - 21 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase KW - EC 5.3.1.9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Genes KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Gene Expression KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Plasmodium falciparum -- genetics KW - Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79892468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Cloning+metabolic+pathway+genes+by+complementation+in+Escherichia+coli.+Isolation+and+expression+of+Plasmodium+falciparum+glucose+phosphate+isomerase.&rft.au=Kaslow%2C+D+C%3BHill%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kaslow&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=12337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - J05544; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional regulatory elements of the RAS2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. AN - 19620680; 8745585 AB - We have analyzed a series of 5' deletions of the RAS2 gene to investigate its complex transcriptional regulation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two positive transcriptional regulatory elements were identified. Element A regulates two of the three clusters of RAS2 transcripts. This element is capable of activating a heterologous promoter and contains two copies of the sequence CCTCGCCCC. Although one copy is sufficient for partial transcriptional activation, both copies are required for maximal RAS2 induction. Deletion of one copy resulted in a reduced level of RAS2 mRNA, selective loss of cluster II transcripts and reduced ability to activate the heterologous CYC1 promoter. Each of the 9 bp C rich repeats of element A is part of a sequence with extensive homology to a transcriptional regulatory element upstream of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Element B contains a tandem duplication of a 21 nucleotide sequence TACATATATATATATCTTAG and activates cluster I RAS2 transcripts in the absence of Element A. The physiological role of these deletions was determined by assaying their ability to support growth on a nonfermentable carbon source. RAS2 promoter deletions containing either element A or B were able to overcome this growth defect characteristic of ras2 mutants cells. Deletion of both elements resulted in an insufficient amount of RAS2 protein for growth on a non-fermentable carbon source. Images JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Lisziewicz, J AU - Brown, J AU - Breviario, D AU - Sreenath, T AU - Ahmed, N AU - Koller, R AU - Dhar, R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 25 SP - 4167 EP - 4174 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 18 IS - 14 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Clonal deletion KW - Regulatory sequences KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Epidermal growth factor receptors KW - Carbon sources KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Promoters KW - Gene deletion KW - Homology KW - Gene regulation KW - Ras2 gene KW - Transcription activation KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19620680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+regulatory+elements+of+the+RAS2+gene+of+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae.&rft.au=Lisziewicz%2C+J%3BBrown%2C+J%3BBreviario%2C+D%3BSreenath%2C+T%3BAhmed%2C+N%3BKoller%2C+R%3BDhar%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lisziewicz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-25&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Gene deletion; Clonal deletion; Homology; Nucleotide sequence; Gene regulation; Regulatory sequences; Ras2 gene; Epidermal growth factor receptors; Carbon sources; Transcription activation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic activity of suramin with tumor necrosis factor alpha and doxorubicin on human prostate cancer cell lines. AN - 79856869; 2362291 AB - We evaluated the action of suramin, doxorubicin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on the testosterone-responsive human prostate cell line LNCaP and on the testosterone-independent human prostate cell line PC-3. The synergistic action of these agents in combination was tested by the Chou and Talalay method (quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships) to determine whether in vitro doses were active at levels safely achieved in vivo. The action of suramin was potentiated threefold by doxorubicin for the PC-3 line and seven-fold by doxorubicin for the LNCaP line. Both the suramin-TNF-alpha and the doxorubicin-TNF-alpha combinations showed synergistic action against the LNCaP line. Synergistic activity was noted at drug concentrations routinely achieved clinically. This study demonstrates that suramin, doxorubicin, and TNF-alpha are active agents against prostate cancer cell lines and that their activity can be enhanced when they are used in combination. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Fruehauf, J P AU - Myers, C E AU - Sinha, B K AD - Biochemical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/18/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 18 SP - 1206 EP - 1209 VL - 82 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - 0 KW - Suramin KW - 6032D45BEM KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Index Medicus KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Suramin -- administration & dosage KW - Doxorubicin -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79856869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Synergistic+activity+of+suramin+with+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+and+doxorubicin+on+human+prostate+cancer+cell+lines.&rft.au=Fruehauf%2C+J+P%3BMyers%2C+C+E%3BSinha%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Fruehauf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-18&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo tumor targeting of a recombinant single-chain antigen-binding protein. AN - 79855897; 2362290 AB - We describe here the first in vivo targeting of tumors with a single-chain antigen-binding protein. The molecule, which was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli, is a novel recombinant protein composed of a variable light-chain (VL), amino acid sequence of an immunoglobulin tethered to a variable heavy-chain (VH) sequence by a designed peptide. We show that this protein, derived from the DNA sequence of the variable regions of the antitumor monoclonal antibody B6.2, has the same in vitro antigen-binding properties as the B6.2 Fab' fragment. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in athymic mice demonstrate much more rapid alpha and beta phases of plasma clearance for the single-chain antigen-binding protein than for the Fab' fragment, as well as an extremely rapid whole-body clearance. Half-life values for alpha and beta phases of single-chain antigen-binding protein clearance were 2.4 minutes and 2.8 hours, respectively, versus 14.8 minutes and 7.5 hours for Fab'. Furthermore, the single-chain antigen-binding protein molecule did not show accumulation in the kidney as did the Fab' molecule or, as previously shown, the F(ab')2 molecule. Despite its rapid clearance, the single-chain antigen-binding protein showed uptake in a human tumor xenograft comparable to that of the Fab' fragment, resulting in tumor to normal tissue ratios comparable to or greater than those obtained with the Fab' fragment. These studies thus demonstrate the in vivo stability of recombinant single-chain antigen-binding proteins and their potential in some diagnostic and therapeutic clinical applications in cancer and other diseases. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Colcher, D AU - Bird, R AU - Roselli, M AU - Hardman, K D AU - Johnson, S AU - Pope, S AU - Dodd, S W AU - Pantoliano, M W AU - Milenic, D E AU - Schlom, J AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md. 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/18/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 18 SP - 1191 EP - 1197 VL - 82 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments KW - Immunotoxins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - single-chain antigen-binding protein B6.2-212 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments -- pharmacokinetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Mice, Nude KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Half-Life KW - Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments -- administration & dosage KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carrier Proteins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carrier Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotoxins -- genetics KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79855897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=In+vivo+tumor+targeting+of+a+recombinant+single-chain+antigen-binding+protein.&rft.au=Colcher%2C+D%3BBird%2C+R%3BRoselli%2C+M%3BHardman%2C+K+D%3BJohnson%2C+S%3BPope%2C+S%3BDodd%2C+S+W%3BPantoliano%2C+M+W%3BMilenic%2C+D+E%3BSchlom%2C+J&rft.aulast=Colcher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-18&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The polyamine synthesis inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine blocks NMDA-induced neurotoxicity. AN - 80076247; 2226628 JF - European journal of pharmacology AU - Markwell, M A AU - Berger, S P AU - Paul, S M AD - Clinical Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/17/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 17 SP - 607 EP - 609 VL - 182 IS - 3 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Biogenic Polyamines KW - 0 KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Phencyclidine KW - J1DOI7UV76 KW - Eflornithine KW - ZQN1G5V6SR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Phencyclidine -- toxicity KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - N-Methylaspartate -- toxicity KW - N-Methylaspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Eflornithine -- pharmacology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Biogenic Polyamines -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80076247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+polyamine+synthesis+inhibitor+alpha-difluoromethylornithine+blocks+NMDA-induced+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=Markwell%2C+M+A%3BBerger%2C+S+P%3BPaul%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Markwell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-17&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of pretreatment with beta-naphthoflavone on tumorigenesis by N-nitrosoethylurea in five mouse strains. AN - 79915168; 2379139 AB - The non-carcinogenic inducer of the Ah locus, beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF), was administered to females of 5 mouse strains at a dose of 150 mg/kg 48 h before treatment with a tumorigenic dose of the direct-acting carcinogen, N-nitrosoethylurea (ENU), once weekly for 4 weeks. The strains used were C57BL/6, C3H/He and NIH Swiss (responsive to Ah locus induction) and AKR and DBA/2 (induction-non-responsive). The ENU caused primary lung tumors in all strains and in some cases smaller numbers of other neoplasms, including lymphomas, sarcomas and hepatocellular tumors. The beta NF pretreatment did not reduce the numbers of any of the tumors, compared with mice given ENU alone. This result is in contrast to previous findings of a strong protective effect of beta NF against tumorigenesis in Ah-responsive strains by the metabolism-dependent carcinogens, benzo[a]pyrene and 3-methylcholanthrene and confirms that this protection is directly related to enzyme induction. beta NF treatment caused a significant doubling in the number of lung tumor bearers among the ENU-exposed C57BL/6 mice but in no other strain, suggesting the possibility of strain-specific tumor promotion. JF - Cancer letters AU - Anderson, L M AU - Jones, A B AU - Kovatch, R M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/07/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 16 SP - 91 EP - 94 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Benzoflavones KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Flavonoids KW - beta-Naphthoflavone KW - 6051-87-2 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred Strains -- physiology KW - Flavonoids -- pharmacology KW - Benzoflavones -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79915168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+pretreatment+with+beta-naphthoflavone+on+tumorigenesis+by+N-nitrosoethylurea+in+five+mouse+strains.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+L+M%3BJones%2C+A+B%3BKovatch%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-16&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Circadian continuous chemotherapy of renal cell carcinoma with an implantable, programmable infusion pump. AN - 79874205; 2142443 AB - The authors treated 42 metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients who had received no previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy with circadian venous continuous infusion of 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine (FUDR). The drug was delivered by Medtronic Synchromed implantable pump (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) in 14-day cycles alternating with 14-day intervals of heparinized physiologic saline infusion. In the course of 24 months 444 cycles of therapy have been given for a total of 12449 days of pump function. Of the patients observed for at least 3 months (range, 3 to 23 months; median, 7 months) three showed complete response (7%; 95% confidence interval, 0% to 15%), three partial response (7%; confidence interval, 0% to 15%), 18 stable disease, and 18 showed progression. Eighteen patients, all with advanced disease at the time of implantation, were living 6 months after treatment started. Circadian continuous central venous infusion of FUDR is minimally toxic. The FUDR can be delivered safely and conveniently in this way for long spans. This therapy is as active as any currently available treatment, is administered in an entirely outpatient setting, and is associated with a normal quality of life. JF - Cancer AU - Damascelli, B AU - Marchianò, A AU - Spreafico, C AU - Lutman, R AU - Salvetti, M AU - Bonalumi, M G AU - Mauri, M AU - Garbagnati, F AU - Del Nero, A AU - Comeri, G AD - National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. Y1 - 1990/07/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 15 SP - 237 EP - 241 VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0008-543X, 0008-543X KW - Floxuridine KW - 039LU44I5M KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Retroperitoneal Neoplasms -- secondary KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Lung Neoplasms -- secondary KW - Humans KW - Retroperitoneal Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Floxuridine -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- pathology KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Floxuridine -- therapeutic use KW - Infusion Pumps, Implantable -- economics KW - Infusion Pumps, Implantable -- adverse effects KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- drug therapy KW - Floxuridine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79874205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer&rft.atitle=Circadian+continuous+chemotherapy+of+renal+cell+carcinoma+with+an+implantable%2C+programmable+infusion+pump.&rft.au=Damascelli%2C+B%3BMarchian%C3%B2%2C+A%3BSpreafico%2C+C%3BLutman%2C+R%3BSalvetti%2C+M%3BBonalumi%2C+M+G%3BMauri%2C+M%3BGarbagnati%2C+F%3BDel+Nero%2C+A%3BComeri%2C+G&rft.aulast=Damascelli&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-07-15&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer&rft.issn=0008543X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injectable contraceptives and risk of invasive cervical cancer: evidence of an association. AN - 79857236; 2163991 AB - In a case-control study conducted in Latin America, the relationship of injectable contraceptive (IC) use to risk of invasive cervical cancer was analyzed while controlling for a variety of other risk factors, including female and spouse sexual behavior and infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Thirty-two cases and 82 controls reported ever having used IC. Women reporting use of IC for less than 5 years had an adjusted RR of 0.5 (95% Cl = 0.3-0.9), but users for 5 or more years had an RR of 2.4 (95% Cl = 1.0-5.7). The effect of prolonged IC use was stronger for women reporting first use 10 or more years before interview (adjusted RR = 3.4, 95% Cl = 1.1-24.9) and more than 5 years since last use (adjusted RR = 5.3, 95% Cl = 1.1-10.0). Cervical cancer risk associated with prolonged IC use was particularly high among women who reported never having had a Pap smear or having had one 2 or more years before interview (adjusted RR = 6.3, 95% Cl = 2.1-18.7). The reduced cervical cancer risk associated with short-term use of IC may reflect intensive Pap smear screening as the method is initiated. Although hampered by small numbers, these results suggest an adverse effect of prolonged IC use on cervical cancer risk, particularly among women who cease participation in screening programs after terminating usage, and indicate that long-term IC users should be monitored for cervical disease until more conclusive results are available. JF - International journal of cancer AU - Herrero, R AU - Brinton, L A AU - Reeves, W C AU - Brenes, M M AU - de Britton, R C AU - Tenorio, F AU - Gaitan, E AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 15 SP - 5 EP - 7 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Contraceptive Agents, Female KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Population KW - Research Methodology KW - Population Dynamics KW - Costa Rica KW - Sex Behavior KW - Contraceptive Methods--side effects KW - Colombia KW - Demographic Factors KW - Diseases KW - Family Planning KW - Data Analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Panama KW - North America KW - Americas KW - Latin America KW - Cervical Cancer KW - Studies KW - Longterm Effects KW - Matched Groups KW - Cancer KW - Case Control Studies KW - South America KW - Neoplasms KW - Mexico KW - Injectables--side effects KW - Control Groups KW - Contraception KW - Behavior KW - Risk Factors KW - Developing Countries KW - Statistical Regression KW - Central America KW - Biology KW - Urban Population -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- epidemiology KW - Papillomaviridae KW - Colombia -- epidemiology KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Panama -- epidemiology KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Mexico -- epidemiology KW - Costa Rica -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- complications KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Contraceptive Agents, Female -- adverse effects KW - Contraceptive Agents, Female -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79857236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Injectable+contraceptives+and+risk+of+invasive+cervical+cancer%3A+evidence+of+an+association.&rft.au=Herrero%2C+R%3BBrinton%2C+L+A%3BReeves%2C+W+C%3BBrenes%2C+M+M%3Bde+Britton%2C+R+C%3BTenorio%2C+F%3BGaitan%2C+E&rft.aulast=Herrero&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-15&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of phagocyte P2 nucleotide receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. AN - 79856867; 1694846 AB - Stimulation of phagocytic cells with micromolar concentrations of extracellular ATP primes the production of toxic oxygen metabolites in response to chemoattractants and independently activates a secretory response in vitro. It is hypothesized that extracellular ATP derived from platelet storage granules and damaged endothelium at sites of localized tissue damage or infection may potentiate the pro-inflammatory effects of phagocytic cells in vivo. ATP-dependent functional responses in the phagocyte appear to be due to stimulation of putative P2 purinoreceptors that are coupled to the activation of a phospholipase C via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein. The existence in nature of at least four subtypes of P2 purinoreceptors has been proposed based on the rank order of potency of nucleotide analogs of ATP studied in a variety of cell types. However, no studies involving the structural identification and characterization of the putative receptors have been reported. We have used the Xenopus oocyte expression system to demonstrate acquired adenosine 5'-(thio) triphosphate (ATP gamma S) responsiveness in oocytes injected with mRNA from the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 by measuring the accelerated efflux of intracellular calcium. Two peaks of ATP gamma S responsiveness (Peak I and Peak II) were detected in sucrose gradient fractionated RNA that corresponded to transcript sizes of 4 and 6 kilobases and that were distinct from a third peak previously shown to be enriched in formyl peptide chemoattractant receptor activity. Peak I and Peak II RNA endowed receptor activity in the oocyte that was pharmacologically indistinguishable: ADP and AMP were inactive whereas UTP and ITP exhibited activity that was similar in potency to that of ATP gamma S. Both Peak I and Peak II ATP gamma S-dependent activity was inhibited by pertussis toxin. These data strongly support the concept of phagocytic cell receptors for extracellular nucleotide triphosphates whose ligand specificity is distinct from all other previously described P2 purinoreceptor subtypes, with the exception of the P2 receptor described in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, by virtue of the ineffectiveness of ADP as a stimulus. These receptors are most likely composed of a single polypeptide chain that can be expressed in the Xenopus oocyte in a functional form regulated by a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Murphy, P M AU - Tiffany, H L AD - Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 15 SP - 11615 EP - 11621 VL - 265 IS - 20 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Purinergic KW - Ribonucleotides KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Poly A KW - 24937-83-5 KW - adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) KW - 35094-46-3 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Poly A -- isolation & purification KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Microinjections KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Kinetics KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Poly A -- genetics KW - Ribonucleotides -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Line KW - Female KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Purinergic -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Purinergic -- genetics KW - Oocytes -- metabolism KW - Phagocytes -- metabolism KW - Oocytes -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Purinergic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79856867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+phagocyte+P2+nucleotide+receptors+expressed+in+Xenopus+oocytes.&rft.au=Murphy%2C+P+M%3BTiffany%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-07-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=11615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk of neural tube defects in relation to maternal fertility and fertility drug use. AN - 79970536; 1975286 AB - In a case-control study to investigate whether women who use drugs to induce ovulation are at increased risk of conception of a child with a neural tube defect, 571 women who had a fetus or child with a neural tube defect, 546 women who had a fetus or child with other abnormalities, and 573 women who had an apparently normal fetus or child were questioned about infertility, fertility drug use, and related obstetric problems. The rate of maternal fertility drug use around the time of conception was not significantly higher for neural tube defects than for other abnormalities (odds ratio 1.28; 95% confidence interval 0.39, 4.51) or no abnormalities (odds ratio 0.80; 95% Cl 0.27, 2.27). Fertility drug use at any time was not significantly more frequent for neural tube defects than for other abnormalities (odds ratio 1.37; 95% Cl 0.70, 2.74) or no abnormalities (odds ratio 1.05; 95% Cl 0.56, 1.98). JF - Lancet (London, England) AU - Mills, J L AU - Simpson, J L AU - Rhoads, G G AU - Graubard, B I AU - Hoffman, H AU - Conley, M R AU - Lassman, M AU - Cunningham, G AD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/14/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 14 SP - 103 EP - 104 VL - 336 IS - 8707 SN - 0140-6736, 0140-6736 KW - Fertility Agents, Female KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Illinois -- epidemiology KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Odds Ratio KW - Ovulation Induction KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Prenatal Diagnosis KW - Time Factors KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Infertility, Female -- drug therapy KW - Neural Tube Defects -- chemically induced KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Fertility Agents, Female -- adverse effects KW - Neural Tube Defects -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79970536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Risk+of+neural+tube+defects+in+relation+to+maternal+fertility+and+fertility+drug+use.&rft.au=Mills%2C+J+L%3BSimpson%2C+J+L%3BRhoads%2C+G+G%3BGraubard%2C+B+I%3BHoffman%2C+H%3BConley%2C+M+R%3BLassman%2C+M%3BCunningham%2C+G&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-14&rft.volume=336&rft.issue=8707&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=01406736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Lancet. 1991 Apr 6;337(8745):853 [1672941] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain-dependent association between immune function and paw preference in mice. AN - 80071167; 2146001 AB - The relationship between immune function and the preferred direction of behavioral asymmetry was examined in several mouse strains. Mixed leukocyte reaction, natural killer cell activity, cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and lymphoproliferation in response to mitogens were investigated in animals with left or right paw preference. From the 7 strains and substrains examined, it appeared that differences in immune function between left and right pawed mice, when present, vary in directionality. Thus, in C3H/HeJ and 129/J, left pawed mice had higher immune responses than right pawed mice, whereas in C3H/HeNCr MTV- and BALB/cJ animals, the reverse was found. In C3H/HeNCr MTV+, C57BL/6J and Collin's heterogenous control population for the high/low asymmetry lines, no differences between animals with left or right paw preference were found. The statistical significance of these differences were not uniform for all the immune parameters studied. These data indicate that the association between immune function and preference for using the left versus right paw is a strain-dependent phenomenon and may suggest that the inconsistent evidence for an association between immune deficiency and left-handedness could be due to genetic heterogeneity among subpopulations. JF - Brain research AU - Fride, E AU - Collins, R L AU - Skolnick, P AU - Arora, P K AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/09/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 09 SP - 246 EP - 250 VL - 522 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Mitogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - T-Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- cytology KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Immunity -- physiology KW - Functional Laterality -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80071167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Strain-dependent+association+between+immune+function+and+paw+preference+in+mice.&rft.au=Fride%2C+E%3BCollins%2C+R+L%3BSkolnick%2C+P%3BArora%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Fride&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-07-09&rft.volume=522&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled trial of megestrol acetate for the treatment of cancer anorexia and cachexia. AN - 79847062; 2193166 AB - Preliminary information has suggested that megestrol acetate leads to appetite stimulation and nonfluid weight gain in patients with breast cancer, other cancers, and AIDS. Pursuant to this, we developed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of megestrol acetate in patients with cancer-associated anorexia and cachexia. We randomly assigned 133 eligible patients to receive 800 mg of megestrol acetate per day or a placebo. Patients assigned to megestrol acetate more frequently reported improved appetite (P = .003) and food intake (P = .009) when compared with patients receiving the placebo. A weight gain of 15 lb or more over baseline was seen in 11 of 67 (16%) patients receiving megestrol acetate compared with one of 66 (2%) given the placebo (P = .003). Patients receiving megestrol acetate reported significantly less nausea (13% vs. 38%; P = .001) and emesis (8% vs. 25%, P = .009). No clinically or statistically significant toxic reactions were ascribed to megestrol acetate, with the exception of mild edema. This study convincingly demonstrated that megestrol acetate can stimulate appetite and food intake in patients with anorexia and cachexia associated with cancer, leading to significant weight gain in a proportion of such patients. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Loprinzi, C L AU - Ellison, N M AU - Schaid, D J AU - Krook, J E AU - Athmann, L M AU - Dose, A M AU - Mailliard, J A AU - Johnson, P S AU - Ebbert, L P AU - Geeraerts, L H AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health Service. Y1 - 1990/07/04/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 04 SP - 1127 EP - 1132 VL - 82 IS - 13 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Megestrol KW - EA6LD1M70M KW - Megestrol Acetate KW - TJ2M0FR8ES KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- complications KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Humans KW - Lung Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Aged KW - Appetite -- drug effects KW - Gastrointestinal Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Gastrointestinal Neoplasms -- complications KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Adult KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Male KW - Female KW - Megestrol -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Neoplasms -- complications KW - Cachexia -- drug therapy KW - Anorexia -- etiology KW - Megestrol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Anorexia -- drug therapy KW - Cachexia -- etiology KW - Megestrol -- toxicity KW - Feeding and Eating Disorders -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79847062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Controlled+trial+of+megestrol+acetate+for+the+treatment+of+cancer+anorexia+and+cachexia.&rft.au=Loprinzi%2C+C+L%3BEllison%2C+N+M%3BSchaid%2C+D+J%3BKrook%2C+J+E%3BAthmann%2C+L+M%3BDose%2C+A+M%3BMailliard%2C+J+A%3BJohnson%2C+P+S%3BEbbert%2C+L+P%3BGeeraerts%2C+L+H&rft.aulast=Loprinzi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-07-04&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991 Mar 20;83(6):449-50 [1999853] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From the National Institutes of Health. AN - 79841688; 2355420 JF - JAMA AU - Raub, W AD - National Institutes of Health. Y1 - 1990/07/04/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 04 SP - 16 VL - 264 IS - 1 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Choline KW - N91BDP6H0X KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic KW - Humans KW - Nerve Fibers -- metabolism KW - Child KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - China KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Thrombocytopenia -- drug therapy KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Choline -- metabolism KW - Hypothyroidism -- diagnosis KW - Alzheimer Disease -- metabolism KW - Radon -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79841688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=From+the+National+Institutes+of+Health.&rft.au=Raub%2C+W&rft.aulast=Raub&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-07-04&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. AN - 85146836; pmid-2205471 AB - It is important that both physicians and dentists recognize the earliest signs of HIV infection in order that a timely diagnosis and patient referral can be made for counseling and treatment. Candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and Kaposi's sarcoma are the most common oral manifestations, but there are other important lesions as well. They include severe necrotizing periodontitis, bacterial and viral infections, lymphomas, and carcinomas. The various oral lesions seen in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are reviewed and managements are discussed. JF - Ear, Nose, and Throat Journal AU - Brahim, J S AU - Roberts, M W AD - National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 464, 467 EP - 9, 472 VL - 69 IS - 7 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85146836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.atitle=Oral+manifestations+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.&rft.au=Brahim%2C+J+S%3BRoberts%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Brahim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=464%2C+467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current issues in the development of a vaccine against HIV infection. AN - 85145831; pmid-2205474 AB - There are a variety of complex issues involved in current efforts to design and test a safe and effective vaccine against HIV-1 infection. Although a number of important insights already have been gained, future advances in vaccine development must overcome a number of obstacles. These include the lack of a suitable animal model for HIV-1 infection and our incomplete understanding of the protective immune response in this disease as well as uncertainties about the most appropriate strategy for large-scale testing of promising candidate vaccines. JF - Ear, Nose, and Throat Journal AU - Davey, R T AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 497 EP - 505 VL - 69 IS - 7 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85145831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.atitle=Current+issues+in+the+development+of+a+vaccine+against+HIV+infection.&rft.au=Davey%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Davey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metallothionein and other cadmium-binding proteins: recent developments. AN - 80397459; 2133072 JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waalkes, M P AU - Goering, P L AD - Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701. PY - 1990 SP - 281 EP - 288 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - cadmium-binding protein KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - Metallothionein -- physiology KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Metallothionein -- genetics KW - Metallothionein -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80397459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Metallothionein+and+other+cadmium-binding+proteins%3A+recent+developments.&rft.au=Waalkes%2C+M+P%3BGoering%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Waalkes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-03-02 N1 - Date created - 1992-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antitumor activity of a thioether-linked immunotoxin: OVB3-PE. AN - 80345872; 2096919 AB - A thioether-linked immunotoxin was made between Pseudomonas exotoxin and the monoclonal antibody OVB3. This conjugate, OVB3-PE, was cytotoxic for the human ovarium cancer cell line OVCAR-3 (ID of 2.5 x 10(-12) M) and it was therefore tested for antitumor activity in a nude mouse model of ovarian cancer. This model employs the injection of a lethal number of OVCAR-3 cells into the peritoneal cavity of nude mice. When 0.2-1 micrograms of OVB3-PE was injected intraperitoneally on three successive days beginning 3-5 days after OVCAR-3 cell implantation, the survival of the tumor-bearing mice was increased 2-4-fold compared to that of untreated control mice. Median survival times for control mice ranged from 44 to 50 days while survival times of 150 days or greater were seen in mice treated with OVB3-PE. When OVB3-PE administration was delayed until 2-4 weeks after tumor cell implantation, OVB3-PE treatment also showed antitumor activity, but the duration of survival was less than with the early treatments. OVB3-PE was also cytotoxic for MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, HT-29 colon carcinoma cells, and A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. JF - Bioconjugate chemistry AU - FitzGerald, D AU - Idziorek, T AU - Batra, J K AU - Willingham, M AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 264 EP - 268 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1043-1802, 1043-1802 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunotoxins KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Sulfides KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Ascites -- therapy KW - Humans KW - Breast Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Pseudomonas KW - Mice KW - Mice, Nude KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Cell Survival KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Immunotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Sulfides -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80345872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioconjugate+chemistry&rft.atitle=Antitumor+activity+of+a+thioether-linked+immunotoxin%3A+OVB3-PE.&rft.au=FitzGerald%2C+D%3BIdziorek%2C+T%3BBatra%2C+J+K%3BWillingham%2C+M%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=FitzGerald&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioconjugate+chemistry&rft.issn=10431802&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-23 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Barrier and spermicidal contraceptive methods and risk of invasive cervical cancer. AN - 80308771; 2083303 AB - The effects of barrier and spermicidal methods of contraception on cervical cancer risk were examined by studying 479 cases of histologically confirmed invasive cervical cancer cases and 788 random digit dialing controls. In addition to a detailed history of contraceptive practices, information was available on numerous potential confounders, including demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, reproductive factors, Pap smear screening history, and smoking. After adjustment for relevant confounders, diaphragm and condom use were found not to be significantly associated with risk of cervical cancer. Although there was a small reduction in risk (OR = 0.8) associated with long-term use (5+ years) of the diaphragm, the effect appeared to relate to concomitant spermicide use, since there was evidence of further decreases in risk for women using spermicides alone for extended periods (OR = 0.7 for 5+ years). Effects were only seen among subjects of higher income and education levels, suggesting that patterns of usage may be important. The potential ability of spermicides to reduce cervical cancer risk by neutralizing viral agents warrants further attention. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Hildesheim, A AU - Brinton, L A AU - Mallin, K AU - Lehman, H F AU - Stolley, P AU - Savitz, D A AU - Levine, R AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 266 EP - 272 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Spermatocidal Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Population KW - United States KW - Multiple Partners KW - Iud KW - Barrier Methods KW - Research Methodology KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Population Dynamics KW - Sex Behavior KW - Previous Practice KW - Oral Contraceptives KW - Contraceptive Methods KW - Developed Countries KW - Sexual Partners KW - Smoking KW - Vaginal Barrier Methods KW - Demographic Factors KW - Diseases KW - Family Planning KW - Time Factors KW - North America KW - Educational Status KW - Americas KW - Vaginal Diaphragm KW - Cervical Cancer KW - Statistical Studies KW - Studies KW - Longterm Effects KW - Cancer KW - Case Control Studies KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Economic Factors KW - Condom KW - Northern America KW - Neoplasms KW - Vaginal Spermicides KW - Contraception KW - Behavior KW - Risk Factors KW - Contraceptive Usage KW - Contraceptive History KW - Biology KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- microbiology KW - Contraceptive Devices, Female -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Family Planning Services -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Female KW - Contraceptive Devices, Male -- statistics & numerical data KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Contraceptive Devices -- statistics & numerical data KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80308771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Barrier+and+spermicidal+contraceptive+methods+and+risk+of+invasive+cervical+cancer.&rft.au=Hildesheim%2C+A%3BBrinton%2C+L+A%3BMallin%2C+K%3BLehman%2C+H+F%3BStolley%2C+P%3BSavitz%2C+D+A%3BLevine%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hildesheim&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-10 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Epidemiology. 1990 Jul;1(4):261-2 [2083301] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Translation initiation factors induce DNA synthesis and transform NIH 3T3 cells. AN - 80308600; 2083255 AB - Several polypeptide factors that are essential for the initiation of protein synthesis bind to eukaryotic mRNAs and facilitate the formation of ribosome initiation complexes. Purified mRNA-binding translation initiation factors were microinjected into quiescent NIH 3T3 cells to study the possible growth-promoting role of these factors in living cells. We report that recombinant eIF-4E and rabbit reticulocyte eIF-4F induce a dose-dependent increase of DNA synthesis and morphologically transform NIH 3T3 cells. These results suggest that polypeptides involved in activating the rate-limiting step of protein synthesis (initiation complex formation) can be mitogenic and oncogenic when overexpressed in a cell by direct injection. Thus, eIF-4E and eIF-4F represent a class of proto-oncogenic proteins that is cytoplasmic, is involved in protein synthesis initiation, and is distinct from the proto-oncogenes that have been identified previously. JF - The New biologist AU - Smith, M R AU - Jaramillo, M AU - Liu, Y L AU - Dever, T E AU - Merrick, W C AU - Kung, H F AU - Sonenberg, N AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 648 EP - 654 VL - 2 IS - 7 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E KW - 0 KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4F KW - Mitogens KW - Peptide Initiation Factors KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Peptide Initiation Factors -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80308600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Translation+initiation+factors+induce+DNA+synthesis+and+transform+NIH+3T3+cells.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+R%3BJaramillo%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+Y+L%3BDever%2C+T+E%3BMerrick%2C+W+C%3BKung%2C+H+F%3BSonenberg%2C+N&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sp1 represses IL-2 receptor alpha chain gene expression. AN - 80308558; 2083254 AB - Sp1 is a DNA-binding protein that acts as a positive regulator of eukaryotic gene expression. The interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL2R alpha) gene 5' regulatory region contains a single Sp1 consensus motif that overlaps a CArG box capable of binding serum response factor (SRF). The CArG box has previously been shown to be important for IL2R alpha gene expression. In this study, the results of competition experiments suggest that Sp1 and SRF compete for binding to the CArG region. Site-directed mutagenesis and transient transfection assays indicate that the IL2R alpha gene Sp1 serves the unusual role of repressing gene expression, most likely by competing for binding of nuclear factor(s) to the CArG box. JF - The New biologist AU - Roman, D G AU - Toledano, M B AU - Leonard, W J AD - Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 642 EP - 647 VL - 2 IS - 7 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Serum Response Factor KW - Sp1 Transcription Factor KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Binding Sites KW - Base Sequence KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic KW - Binding, Competitive KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Consensus Sequence KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Genes, Regulator KW - Sp1 Transcription Factor -- genetics KW - Sp1 Transcription Factor -- pharmacology KW - Sp1 Transcription Factor -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80308558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Sp1+represses+IL-2+receptor+alpha+chain+gene+expression.&rft.au=Roman%2C+D+G%3BToledano%2C+M+B%3BLeonard%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Roman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interleukin-1 stimulates and all-trans-retinoic acid inhibits collagenase gene expression through its 5' activator protein-1-binding site. AN - 80248699; 2178224 AB - Collagenase production by synovial fibroblast-like cells (synoviocytes) plays a major role in cartilage and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) increases collagenase secretion by elevating the steady state levels of collagenase mRNA in cultured rheumatoid synoviocytes, while all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) has the opposite effect. We have studied the regulation of collagenase gene transcription by IL-1 and RA in synoviocytes by transient transfection of plasmid constructs containing deletion mutants of the 5'-flanking region of the collagenase gene or the isolated phorbol ester-responsive element ligated to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. We show that the phorbol ester-responsive element of the collagenase gene mediates both positive and negative regulatory effects, respectively, of IL-1 and RA on transcription. In addition, we show that IL-1 and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate transiently induce c-jun and c-fos expression and that retinoic acid inhibits IL-1 and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate induction of c-fos, but not c-jun. These results suggest that RA inhibits collagenase transcription at least in part through inhibition of c-fos. JF - Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) AU - Lafyatis, R AU - Kim, S J AU - Angel, P AU - Roberts, A B AU - Sporn, M B AU - Karin, M AU - Wilder, R L AD - Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 973 EP - 980 VL - 4 IS - 7 SN - 0888-8809, 0888-8809 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Transcription Factors KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Microbial Collagenase KW - EC 3.4.24.3 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Epithelium -- enzymology KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Binding Sites -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Microbial Collagenase -- genetics KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Synovial Membrane -- enzymology KW - Microbial Collagenase -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80248699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Interleukin-1+stimulates+and+all-trans-retinoic+acid+inhibits+collagenase+gene+expression+through+its+5%27+activator+protein-1-binding+site.&rft.au=Lafyatis%2C+R%3BKim%2C+S+J%3BAngel%2C+P%3BRoberts%2C+A+B%3BSporn%2C+M+B%3BKarin%2C+M%3BWilder%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Lafyatis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=08888809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Localization of DNA adducts induced by N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene in Chinese hamster ovary cells using electron microscopy and colloidal gold. AN - 80233552; 1703779 AB - DNA adduct induction by N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-Ac-AAF) has been investigated in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using immunoelectron microscopy. The major RNA and DNA adducts, N-(guanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (G-C8-AF) and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8-AF), were localized with a rabbit anti-G-C8-AF antiserum and colloidal gold cytochemistry. Appropriate controls, including incubation of untreated cells with normal rabbit serum and immunogen-absorbed serum, demonstrated that colloidal gold deposits were indicative of the presence of adducts. The localization of gold particles in close association with nuclear chromatin revealed high concentration of adducts in DNA and RNA of nuclei. Morphometric evaluation of adduct formation in organelles of from different carcinogen exposures showed that 85-88% of total adducts were concentrated in nuclei. DNA adducts remaining in nuclei after RNAse treatment appeared to concentrate in heterochromatic areas, and these areas contained 59% of bound gold particles by morphometry. A total of 137-178 particles were found in nuclei of treated cells vs. 15-26 in the surrounding cytoplasm. Treated cells incubated with normal rabbit serum or specific adduct-absorbed serum showed 19-34 particles for all cellular compartments. JF - Genes, chromosomes & cancer AU - Olivero, O A AU - Semino, C AU - Poirier, M C AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 130 EP - 136 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1045-2257, 1045-2257 KW - Fluorenes KW - 0 KW - N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene KW - 1D7E8EIA7K KW - Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene KW - 6098-44-8 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Index Medicus KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Organelles -- chemistry KW - Cricetulus KW - Ovary KW - Fibroblasts -- ultrastructure KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - RNA -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Cricetinae KW - Fluorenes -- analysis KW - DNA Damage KW - Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene -- pharmacology KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analysis KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80233552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genes%2C+chromosomes+%26+cancer&rft.atitle=Localization+of+DNA+adducts+induced+by+N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cells+using+electron+microscopy+and+colloidal+gold.&rft.au=Olivero%2C+O+A%3BSemino%2C+C%3BPoirier%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Olivero&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genes%2C+chromosomes+%26+cancer&rft.issn=10452257&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and genetic characterization of new uvsW alleles of bacteriophage T4. AN - 80219393; 2274029 AB - The uvsW gene of bacteriophage T4 is required for wild-type levels of recombination, for normal survival and mutagenesis after UV irradiation, and for wild-type resistance to hydroxyurea. Additionally, uvsW mutations restore the arrested DNA synthesis caused by mutations in any of several genes that block secondary initiation (recombination-primed replication, the major mode of initiation at late times), but only partially restore the reduced burst size. A uvsW deletion mutation was constructed to establish the null-allele phenotype, which is similar but not identical to the phenotype of the canonical uvsW mutation, and to demonstrate convincingly that the uvsW gene is nonessential (although uvsW mutations severely compromise phage production). In an attempt to uncouple the diverse effects of uvsW mutations, temperature-sensitive uvsWts mutants were isolated. Recombination and replication effects were partially uncoupled in these mutants, suggesting distinct and separable roles for uvsW in the two processes. Furthermore, the restoration of DNA synthesis but not recombination in the double mutants uvsW uvsX and uvsW uvsY prompts the hypothesis that the restored DNA synthesis is not recombinationally initiated. JF - Molecular & general genetics : MGG AU - Derr, L K AU - Drake, J W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 222 IS - 2-3 SN - 0026-8925, 0026-8925 KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Hydroxyurea KW - X6Q56QN5QC KW - Index Medicus KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Temperature KW - DNA Repair -- genetics KW - Phenotype KW - DNA Replication -- genetics KW - Genes, Dominant KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Alleles KW - T-Phages -- genetics KW - Genes, Viral -- radiation effects KW - T-Phages -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80219393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+%26+general+genetics+%3A+MGG&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+genetic+characterization+of+new+uvsW+alleles+of+bacteriophage+T4.&rft.au=Derr%2C+L+K%3BDrake%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Derr&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=222&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+%26+general+genetics+%3A+MGG&rft.issn=00268925&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox cycling of radical anion metabolites of toxic chemicals and drugs and the Marcus theory of electron transfer. AN - 80205232; 2176587 AB - A wide variety of aromatic compounds are enzymatically reduced to form anion free radicals that generally contain one more electron than their parent compounds. In general, the electron donor is any of a wide variety of flavoenzymes. Once formed, these anion free radicals reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and regenerate the parent compound unchanged. The net reaction is the oxidation of the flavoenzyme's coenzymes and the reduction of molecular oxygen. This catalytic behavior has been described as futile metabolism or redox cycling. Electron transfer theory is being applied to these reactions and, in some cases, has successfully correlated Vmax and Km with the reduction potentials of the aromatic compounds. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mason, R P AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 237 EP - 243 VL - 87 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Anions KW - 0 KW - Azo Compounds KW - Coenzymes KW - Flavoproteins KW - Free Radicals KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Quinones KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Paraquat KW - PLG39H7695 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- metabolism KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Azo Compounds -- metabolism KW - Paraquat -- metabolism KW - Biotransformation KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Coenzymes -- metabolism KW - Nitro Compounds -- metabolism KW - Quinones -- metabolism KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- metabolism KW - Flavoproteins -- metabolism KW - Substrate Cycling KW - Electron Transport KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hazardous Substances -- metabolism KW - Anions -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80205232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Redox+cycling+of+radical+anion+metabolites+of+toxic+chemicals+and+drugs+and+the+Marcus+theory+of+electron+transfer.&rft.au=Mason%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Pharmacol Rev. 1981 Dec;33(4):189-211 [6803257] Experientia. 1981 Dec 15;37(12):1233-41 [7035210] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1982 Oct 15;218(2):585-91 [6297399] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Dec;64:309-20 [3830700] Mol Pharmacol. 1986 May;29(5):484-8 [3010076] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Jun;255(2):419-27 [3036006] Chem Biol Interact. 1988;65(2):157-73 [2835188] Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Aug 1;37(15):2907-13 [2840082] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 5;263(34):17981-6 [2848019] Free Radic Res Commun. 1987;2(4-6):225-32 [3504808] Free Radic Biol Med. 1989;6(1):63-101 [2492250] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 25;264(21):12379-84 [2501304] Biochem J. 1968 Oct;109(5):757-61 [4386931] Endeavour. 1971 Sep;30(111):130-5 [4110469] Biochemistry. 1975 Apr 22;14(8):1626-32 [164892] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jan 2;64(3):803-7 [167757] Gan. 1975 Feb;66(1):43-7 [239881] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Dec 15;67(4):1267-74 [173338] Gan. 1976 Aug;67(4):523-8 [15920] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Apr 11;75(3):532-40 [193490] Gen Pharmacol. 1977;8(3):173-6 [340339] Mol Pharmacol. 1978 Jul;14(4):665-71 [28474] J Nutr. 1982 Sep;112(9):1741-6 [7108640] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S.-Japan joint meeting on the toxicological characterization of environmental chemicals of mutual interest. AN - 80204545; 2269235 AB - The paper describes deliberations of a meeting between scientists from the U.S. National Toxicology Program and the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. The scientific approaches and experimental processes used by each organization in designing, conducting, and evaluating the short-term and long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity of environmental chemicals were evaluated. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Damstra, T AU - Kurokawa, Y AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 301 EP - 307 VL - 87 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Information Services KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Government Agencies KW - Humans KW - Peer Review KW - International Cooperation KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Cohort Studies KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - United States Dept. of Health and Human Services KW - Female KW - Japan KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Toxicology -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80204545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=U.S.-Japan+joint+meeting+on+the+toxicological+characterization+of+environmental+chemicals+of+mutual+interest.&rft.au=Damstra%2C+T%3BKurokawa%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Damstra&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Lett. 1985 Feb;26(1):5-16 [3971352] Environ Health Perspect. 1984 Dec;58:385-92 [6525993] Cancer Lett. 1987 Oct 30;37(2):125-32 [3677049] Science. 1987 May 22;236(4804):933-41 [3554512] Annu Rev Public Health. 1987;8:355-85 [3555527] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1986 Jun;6(2):155-70 [3726178] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motor/vocal tics and compulsive behaviors on stimulant drugs: is there a common vulnerability? AN - 80053426; 2217661 AB - The occurrence of abnormal movements or perserverative/compulsive behaviors was noted in 34 (76%) of a group of 45 hyperactive boys during a double-blind crossover treatment trial of methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine given in a wide range of doses. These adverse effects were often subtle and transient, and they usually occurred only on one drug. There was only one case where treatment was discontinued due to the severity of the tic the subject developed during his initial treatment phase. Dextroamphetamine tended to produce more compulsive behaviors, which were also more likely to resemble clinical obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), than did methylphenidate. Abnormal movements and compulsive behaviors tended to co-occur on methylphenidate only; no general "Tourette-OCD diathesis" was found for this population. JF - Psychiatry research AU - Borcherding, B G AU - Keysor, C S AU - Rapoport, J L AU - Elia, J AU - Amass, J AD - Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 83 EP - 94 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0165-1781, 0165-1781 KW - Methylphenidate KW - 207ZZ9QZ49 KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Index Medicus KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Neurologic Examination KW - Stereotyped Behavior -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Child KW - Tic Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Methylphenidate -- administration & dosage KW - Dextroamphetamine -- administration & dosage KW - Methylphenidate -- adverse effects KW - Tourette Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Compulsive Behavior -- chemically induced KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- chemically induced KW - Dextroamphetamine -- adverse effects KW - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80053426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+research&rft.atitle=Motor%2Fvocal+tics+and+compulsive+behaviors+on+stimulant+drugs%3A+is+there+a+common+vulnerability%3F&rft.au=Borcherding%2C+B+G%3BKeysor%2C+C+S%3BRapoport%2C+J+L%3BElia%2C+J%3BAmass%2C+J&rft.aulast=Borcherding&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry+research&rft.issn=01651781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of anti-rabies virus cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mice of four distinct H-2 haplotypes using target cells persistently infected with ERA rabies virus. AN - 80032904; 1698803 AB - Cells persistently infected with Evelyn-Rokitnicki-Abelseth (ERA) rabies virus were established. The cells were used as stimulator and target cells to compare H-2 restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses specific for rabies virus in A/WySnJ (H-2a), C57BL/6J (H-2b), BALB/cByJ (H-2d), A.SW/SnJ (H-2s) and SJL/J (H-2s) mice. Using a 51chromium release assay, it was determined that an effector/target (E/T) ratio of 5:1 was necessary to demonstrate specific lysis of ERA virus persistently infected mouse neuroblastoma (MNB) (H-2a), EL-4 (H-2b) and P815 (H-2d) cells. Effectors at an E:T ratio of only 0.05:1 specifically lysed an SV-40 transformed SJL/J mouse fibroblast (SSSV) (H-2s) target monolayer. The CTL destruction of the SSSV monolayer was observed visually following Giemsa staining. This is the first instance in which a detailed method for detection of murine anti-rabies virus CTLs has been reported. Furthermore, it is the first time target cells persistently infected with rabies virus were used as stimulator cells to amplify CTLs in vitro and as target cells in the CTL assay. It also is the initial report in which rabies specific CTLs were characterized in H-2d and H-2s rabies virus infected mice. JF - Journal of virological methods AU - Sugamata, M AU - Ewalt, L C AU - Perry, L L AU - Lodmell, D L AD - National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana 59840. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Epitopes KW - H-2 Antigens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Haplotypes KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Mice KW - Cell Separation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - H-2 Antigens -- genetics KW - Rabies virus -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80032904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.atitle=Detection+of+anti-rabies+virus+cytotoxic+T+lymphocytes+in+mice+of+four+distinct+H-2+haplotypes+using+target+cells+persistently+infected+with+ERA+rabies+virus.&rft.au=Sugamata%2C+M%3BEwalt%2C+L+C%3BPerry%2C+L+L%3BLodmell%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Sugamata&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurochemical recovery in the neocortex after colchicine lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in rats. AN - 80020560; 2207711 AB - Neurochemical recovery was investigated in male, Fischer-344 rats up to 3 months after lesions of the nucleus basalis. Bilateral injections of colchicine (1.0 micrograms/site) into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) resulted in a 30% decrease in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in frontal cortex 4 weeks after surgery, compared to unlesioned controls. ChAT activity in the frontal cortex gradually recovered to control levels by 12 weeks. The loss of ChAT-immunoreactive neurons in the NBM observed 4 weeks after surgery was still evident 12 weeks after surgery. These results suggest that surviving cholinergic neurons in the NBM contribute to recovery of ChAT activity in the neocortex. JF - Brain research bulletin AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, H A AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 207 EP - 209 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0361-9230, 0361-9230 KW - Choline O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.6 KW - Colchicine KW - SML2Y3J35T KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Choline O-Acetyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Colchicine -- toxicity KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Basal Ganglia -- drug effects KW - Basal Ganglia -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80020560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.atitle=Neurochemical+recovery+in+the+neocortex+after+colchicine+lesions+of+the+nucleus+basalis+magnocellularis+in+rats.&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.issn=03619230&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable expression of mouse Cyp1a1 and human CYP1A2 cDNAs transfected into mouse hepatoma cells lacking detectable P450 enzyme activity. AN - 80012133; 2206399 AB - Using the mouse hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 c37 mutant cell line that exhibits negligible benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (Cyp1a1) and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (Cyp1a2) enzyme activities, we developed stable transfectants of plasmids containing the murine Cyp1a1 (cytochrome P(1)450) and the human CYP1A2 (P(3)450) cDNAs. We show that the assay measuring metabolism of ethoxyfluorescein ethyl ester (EFEE) was invaluable in screening large numbers of individual cell lines for high Cyp1a1 enzyme activity. Nine different plasmid constructs containing various combinations of promoter and enhancer sequences were compared, including: the Drosophila heat shock promoter, the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (MMTV LTR) carrying the glucocorticoid-responsive element (GRE), enhancer sequences from simian virus 40 (SV40) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and the aromatic hydrocarbon-responsive domain (AhRD) of the murine Cyp1a1 gene. Interestingly, only those constructs containing the AhRD produced high levels of Cyp1a1 enzyme activity. In contrast, high levels of CYP1A2 activity were obtained with plasmids carrying the HSV-1 enhancer, as well as the AhRD. These studies suggest that the AhRD, which responds to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), provides a post-transcriptional signal necessary for the induction of functional Cyp1a1 enzyme activity. Although untransfected c37 cells exhibit markedly elevated levels of endogenous Cyp1a1 mRNA, the expression of exogenous Cyp1a1 or CYP1A2 enzyme activity in these cells decreases the concentration of this endogenous Cyp1a1 mRNA to negligible levels and restores Cyp1a1 mRNA inducibility by TCDD; these data indicate that the functional product of either the Cyp1a1 gene or the CYP1A2 gene might have a role in an autoregulatory loop controlling the constitutive expression of the Cyp1a1 gene. The cell lines described herein should be valuable in assessing the contribution of these two P450 enzymes to the processes of cytotoxicity, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis. JF - DNA and cell biology AU - Puga, A AU - Raychaudhuri, B AU - Salata, K AU - Zhang, Y H AU - Nebert, D W AD - Laboratory of Developmental Pharmacology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 425 EP - 436 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1044-5498, 1044-5498 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Benzopyrene Hydroxylase KW - EC 1.14.14.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - acetanilide hydroxylase KW - Index Medicus KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental KW - Animals KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Plasmids KW - Benzopyrene Hydroxylase -- genetics KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- metabolism KW - Transfection KW - Benzopyrene Hydroxylase -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80012133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+and+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Stable+expression+of+mouse+Cyp1a1+and+human+CYP1A2+cDNAs+transfected+into+mouse+hepatoma+cells+lacking+detectable+P450+enzyme+activity.&rft.au=Puga%2C+A%3BRaychaudhuri%2C+B%3BSalata%2C+K%3BZhang%2C+Y+H%3BNebert%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Puga&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DNA+and+cell+biology&rft.issn=10445498&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specific cytosine demethylations within the first exons of the rat CYP2D3 and CYP2D5 genes are associated with activation of hepatic gene expression during development. AN - 80010262; 2206401 AB - To investigate the mechanism of transcriptional activation of the CYP2D gene subfamily in rat liver during development, Northern blot analysis and DNA methylation tests using Hpa II and Hha I enzymes, which are sensitive to cytosine methylated DNA, were carried out. As the result of mRNA measurements, these genes were classified into two patterns of expression, (i) late-onset gene activation in which mRNA gradually increases until rats reach puberty and (ii) early-onset expression in which the peak of mRNA expression is reached within 1 week after birth. The CYP2D3 and CYP2D5 genes, representatives of late-onset and early-onset expression, respectively, were examined. A correlation was found between mRNA expression during development and demethylation of cytosine residues located at the same position in the first exons of both the CYP2D3 and CYP2D5 genes. These results suggest that specific demethylation events are associated with developmentally programmed hepatic gene activation. JF - DNA and cell biology AU - Matsunaga, E AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 443 EP - 452 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1044-5498, 1044-5498 KW - Cytosine KW - 8J337D1HZY KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Genes KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Methylation KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Exons KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Multigene Family KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Liver -- embryology KW - Cytosine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80010262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+and+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Specific+cytosine+demethylations+within+the+first+exons+of+the+rat+CYP2D3+and+CYP2D5+genes+are+associated+with+activation+of+hepatic+gene+expression+during+development.&rft.au=Matsunaga%2C+E%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Matsunaga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DNA+and+cell+biology&rft.issn=10445498&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of age and dose on disposition and metabolism of salicylic acid in male Fischer 344 rats. AN - 80002682; 1976074 AB - Salicylic acid (SAL)-induced nephrotoxicity has been reported to be greater in older rats. To examine age- and dose-related changes in disposition and metabolism, male Fischer 344 rats aged 3, 12, and 25 months were administered single doses of 14C-SAL at 5,50, and 500 mg/kg po. At 5 mg 14C-SAL/kg, urinary excretion of 14C-SAL derived radioactivity (RA) followed first-order kinetics and was complete by 24 hr in 3- and 25-month-old rats, but not until 48 hr in 12-month-old rats. The percentage of administered 14C-SAL excreted as the oxidative metabolites 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3- and 2,5-diOH), unmetabolized SAL, or salicyl ester glucuronide (SA-AG) was unchanged with age. The percentage excreted as the ether glucuronide (SA-PC) was significantly decreased in 25-month-old rats, while the percentage excreted as the glycine conjugate, salicyluric acid (SUA) was significantly increased in 12- and 25-month-old rats. At 50 mg SAL/kg, urinary elimination shifted toward zero-order kinetics and was not complete until 48 hr in all age groups. The percentage of an administered dose of 14C-SAL found in urine as 2,3- and 2,5-diOH and SA-AG increased significantly in all age groups, while the percentage excreted as SUA decreased significantly. Twelve- and 25-month-old rats excreted a significantly greater percentage of the total dose as 2,3- and 2,5-diOH than 3-month-old rats at this dose. No SA-PG was detected at this dose in any age group. At 500 mg SAL/kg, mortality was observed in both 3- and 25-month-old rats and excretion of SAL-derived RA in urine was incomplete at 48 hr. However, data indicated a further shift in biotransformation toward increased production of oxidative metabolites and a decrease in SUA production. No significant overall differences were observed between 3- and 25-month-old rats in plasma levels of 14C-SAL following iv administration of 5 and 50 mg SAL/kg. However, elimination half-life (t1/2) was significantly increased in 25-month-old rats at 5 mg SAL/kg vs. 3-month-old rats. These results indicate that the age-related increase in acute nephrotoxicity of SAL may result from increased production of oxidative metabolites in older rats at higher doses of SAL. JF - Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals AU - McMahon, T F AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 494 EP - 503 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0090-9556, 0090-9556 KW - Salicylates KW - 0 KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Feces -- analysis KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Bile -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Salicylates -- pharmacokinetics KW - Salicylates -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.atitle=Effects+of+age+and+dose+on+disposition+and+metabolism+of+salicylic+acid+in+male+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=McMahon%2C+T+F%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.issn=00909556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deuterium isotope effect on the toxicokinetics of monomethylamine in the rat. AN - 80002493; 1976066 AB - The single-dose toxicokinetics of monomethylamine has been characterized in the rat by HPLC assay of serial blood samples. Biphasic first-order elimination was observed following an iv bolus dose of 19 mumol/kg with a terminal half-life of 19.1 +/- 1.3 min (mean +/- SE, N = 4). The apparent steady state volume of distribution, systemic blood clearance, and renal blood clearance were 1.21 +/- 0.09 liter/kg, 53.4 +/- 3.5 ml/min/kg, and 5.72 +/- 0.53 ml/min/kg, respectively. The administration of an intragastric dose permitted the calculation of the systemic bioavailability of monomethylamine as 69 +/- 3%. Duplicate experiments using the structural analogue with deuterium atoms substituted for hydrogens on the methyl group revealed a much slower elimination of the compound, although ultimately, 5 times as much was excreted unchanged in the urine. Isotope effects calculated as the ratios of terminal half-life, systemic blood clearance, and systemic bioavailability were 1.9, 2.2, and 1.8, respectively. JF - Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals AU - Streeter, A J AU - Nims, R W AU - Sheffels, P R AU - Hrabie, J A AU - Ohannesian, L AU - Heur, Y H AU - Mico, B A AU - Keefer, L K AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. PY - 1990 SP - 447 EP - 452 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0090-9556, 0090-9556 KW - Methylamines KW - 0 KW - Methylurea Compounds KW - methylurea KW - 598-50-5 KW - Deuterium KW - AR09D82C7G KW - methylamine KW - BSF23SJ79E KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Methylurea Compounds -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Half-Life KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Methylurea Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Protein Binding KW - Methylurea Compounds -- urine KW - Male KW - Biological Availability KW - Methylamines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Methylamines -- urine KW - Methylamines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.atitle=Deuterium+isotope+effect+on+the+toxicokinetics+of+monomethylamine+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Streeter%2C+A+J%3BNims%2C+R+W%3BSheffels%2C+P+R%3BHrabie%2C+J+A%3BOhannesian%2C+L%3BHeur%2C+Y+H%3BMico%2C+B+A%3BKeefer%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=Streeter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.issn=00909556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue, species, and substrate concentration differences in the position-selective hydroxylation of N-nitrosodibutylamine. Relationship to the distribution of cytochrome P-450 isozymes 2 (IIB) and 5 (IVB). AN - 80001800; 1976059 AB - The relative rates of 3- and 4-hydroxylation of N-nitrosodibutylamine in microsomal preparations depend upon species, tissue, and substrate concentration. With rabbits, at a substrate concentration of 200 microM, the two reactions differ by less than 30% in preparations from liver, lung, or intestine, whereas the ratio of 4- to 3-hydroxylation is 2.0 with bladder and only 0.4 with kidney. As the substrate concentration is lowered, this ratio increases to a maximum of about 2.0 in hepatic and pulmonary preparations. The sum of the rates of 3- and 4-hydroxylation of N-nitrosodibutylamine in microsomal preparations from untreated rabbits is highest in those from lung (about 2-fold greater than liver). Following treatment of rabbits with phenobarbital, however, the highest rate is with hepatic microsomes (about 2-fold greater than pulmonary microsomes). Antibodies to cytochrome P-450 isozymes 2 (IIB) and 5 (IVB) together inhibit greater than 90% of the microsomal 3- and 4-hydroxylation of N-nitrosodibutylamine. The ratio of 4- to 3-hydroxylation with antibodies to isozyme 2 present is the same (2.0) as that obtained with purified isozyme 5, and the ratio with antibodies to isozyme 5 present is the same (0.2) as that with purified isozyme 2. The Km with isozyme 5 is less than 10 microM, whereas the Km with isozyme 2 is 55 microM, a difference that explains why position selectivity in microsomal incubations is dependent upon substrate concentration. Also, differences in the relative and absolute rates of hydroxylation among various tissues reflect differences in the contents of isozymes 2 and 5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals AU - Schulze, J AU - Richter, E AU - Philpot, R M AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 398 EP - 402 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0090-9556, 0090-9556 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Nitrosamines KW - dibutylnitrosamine KW - 8K8942WN31 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Rabbits KW - Mice KW - Microsomes -- enzymology KW - Organ Specificity KW - Hydroxylation KW - Rats KW - Kinetics KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mesocricetus KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Species Specificity KW - Cricetinae KW - Nitrosamines -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Nitrosamines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80001800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.atitle=Tissue%2C+species%2C+and+substrate+concentration+differences+in+the+position-selective+hydroxylation+of+N-nitrosodibutylamine.+Relationship+to+the+distribution+of+cytochrome+P-450+isozymes+2+%28IIB%29+and+5+%28IVB%29.&rft.au=Schulze%2C+J%3BRichter%2C+E%3BPhilpot%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Schulze&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.issn=00909556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection. AN - 80000878; 2205473 AB - Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can prolong survival and enhance the quality of life in affected patients, although neither immune reconstitution nor cure can be achieved. Zidovudine is now the only licensed treatment. It is effective but sometimes toxic. Zidovudine decreases the incidence of opportunistic infections but does not prevent them, and concurrent prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be given to those patients at greatest risk of this infection. Most patients should have serial CD4+ T-cell determinations to assess their degree of immunodeficiency. Many investigational anti-HIV agents are being studied, and future treatments are likely to use multiple agents in combination or in sequence over many years. JF - Ear, nose, & throat journal AU - Falloon, J AD - Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 487 EP - 496 VL - 69 IS - 7 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - Drugs, Investigational KW - Nucleosides KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Nucleosides -- therapeutic use KW - Antigens, CD4 -- classification KW - Humans KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Zidovudine -- toxicity KW - Opportunistic Infections -- classification KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- classification KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Opportunistic Infections -- drug therapy KW - Opportunistic Infections -- diagnosis KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic -- therapeutic use KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80000878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.atitle=Current+treatment+for+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.&rft.au=Falloon%2C+J&rft.aulast=Falloon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A cerebrospinal fluid study of the pathophysiology of panic disorder associated with alcoholism. AN - 79995537; 1698009 AB - In order to investigate the neurochemistry of panic disorder in alcoholics, we measured various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters in subjects with both conditions and compared them with an age- and sex-matched population of alcoholics and normal controls. When height, age and weight were covaried, subjects with panic disorder had higher levels of B-endorphin in CSF. There were no differences in other CSF measures between the groups. Alcoholics with panic disorder had higher plasma MHPG concentrations compared with alcoholics without panic disorder but these were not statistically different from controls. JF - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica AU - George, D T AU - Adinoff, B AU - Ravitz, B AU - Nutt, D J AU - De Jong, J AU - Berrettini, W AU - Mefford, I N AU - Costa, E AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 82 IS - 1 SN - 0001-690X, 0001-690X KW - Diazepam Binding Inhibitor KW - 0 KW - Neuropeptides KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol KW - 534-82-7 KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - beta-Endorphin KW - 60617-12-1 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Homovanillic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Neuropeptides -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - beta-Endorphin -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Norepinephrine -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Male KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Panic -- physiology KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Anxiety Disorders -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Fear -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79995537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=A+cerebrospinal+fluid+study+of+the+pathophysiology+of+panic+disorder+associated+with+alcoholism.&rft.au=George%2C+D+T%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BNutt%2C+D+J%3BDe+Jong%2C+J%3BBerrettini%2C+W%3BMefford%2C+I+N%3BCosta%2C+E%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=0001690X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cerebrospinal fluid levels of somatostatin, corticotropin-releasing hormone and corticotropin in alcoholism. AN - 79993544; 1975969 AB - Reduced brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of somatostatin, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and corticotropin (ACTH) have been reported among neuropsychiatric patients with cognitive dysfunction. Alcoholism is a disorder in which associated neuropsychiatric disorders occur. Therefore, we compared CSF levels of somatostatin, CRH and ACTH in alcoholics (n = 100) and normal controls (n = 30). There were no significant differences between the groups in concentrations of the 3 peptides. Moreover, there were no significant correlations between concentrations of the peptides in CSF and computed tomographic measures of the size of brain ventricles. There were, however, significant correlations between CSF concentrations of CRH and ACTH and between CSF concentrations of CRH and somatostatin in both the alcoholic and control groups. JF - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica AU - Roy, A AU - DeJong, J AU - Gold, P AU - Rubinow, D AU - Adinoff, B AU - Ravitz, B AU - Waxman, R AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 44 EP - 48 VL - 82 IS - 1 SN - 0001-690X, 0001-690X KW - Somatostatin KW - 51110-01-1 KW - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone KW - 9002-60-2 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Personality Tests KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Hydrocortisone -- urine KW - Male KW - Female KW - Somatostatin -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79993544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=Cerebrospinal+fluid+levels+of+somatostatin%2C+corticotropin-releasing+hormone+and+corticotropin+in+alcoholism.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BDeJong%2C+J%3BGold%2C+P%3BRubinow%2C+D%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BWaxman%2C+R%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=0001690X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation by batrachotoxin, veratridine, and monensin of basal and carbachol-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in neurohybrid NCB-20 cells. AN - 79977690; 2168525 AB - Batrachotoxin (BTX), veratridine and monensin induced a time- and dose-dependent increase of [3H]-inositol monophosphate (3H-IP1) accumulation in the presence of lithium in prelabeled neurohybrid NCB-20 cells. A decrease of NaCl concentration to less than 30 mM markedly increased basal 3H-IP1 accumulation; however, the percentage of stimulation induced by these three agents remained unchanged even in the complete absence of sodium. The stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis induced by these agents was detected in the absence of lithium but was largely prevented in the calcium-free medium. Tetradotoxin (TTX) blocked effects of BTX and veratridine (IC50 approximately 20nM), but not that stimulated by monensin. Thus, calcium-dependent activation of phospholipase C by these agents did not involve the entry of sodium or lithium. BTX and monensin also induced greater than additive effects on carbachol-induced 3H-IP1 accumulation. These effects were also TTX-sensitive and involved an increase in the Vmax and a decrease in the EC50 for carbachol. Veratridine provoked strikingly different effects on carbachol-dependent phosphoinositide turnover, depending on the passage number of the cells. JF - Neurochemical research AU - Chuang, D M AD - Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 695 EP - 704 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0364-3190, 0364-3190 KW - Batrachotoxins KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Sodium Channels KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Veratridine KW - 71-62-5 KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Monensin KW - 906O0YJ6ZP KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Veratrine KW - ERQ7M6C50B KW - Lithium Chloride KW - G4962QA067 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Brain KW - Sodium Channels -- physiology KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Hydrolysis KW - Neuroblastoma KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Hybrid Cells KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Channels -- drug effects KW - Chlorides -- pharmacology KW - Lithium -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Batrachotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Veratrine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Monensin -- pharmacology KW - Veratridine -- pharmacology KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79977690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemical+research&rft.atitle=Regulation+by+batrachotoxin%2C+veratridine%2C+and+monensin+of+basal+and+carbachol-induced+phosphoinositide+hydrolysis+in+neurohybrid+NCB-20+cells.&rft.au=Chuang%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Chuang&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemical+research&rft.issn=03643190&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interaction of Sertoli and Leydig cells in the testicular toxicity of tri-o-cresyl phosphate. AN - 79944188; 2385838 AB - Previous studies have shown that after dosing with tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), the testis contains more active intermediate (saligenin cyclic-o-tolyl phosphate; SCOTP) than do other organs or blood. SCOTP is produced by a cytochrome P450-dependent reaction, and the Sertoli cells, although containing little P450, are the testicular cells that show the first signs of damage after TOCP administration. The present studies evaluated (i) whether testicular Leydig cell production of SCOTP might explain the elevated testicular concentration of SCOTP, (ii) if this production affected testosterone secretion, and (iii) if Sertoli cells cocultured over TOCP-exposed Leydig cells would show effects similar to those found after SCOTP exposure of Sertoli cells in vitro, indicating a cell interaction. Previous data showed that a target enzyme for SCOTP in Sertoli cells, nonspecific esterase (NSE), was inhibited by exposure in vitro to SCOTP, but not to TOCP. In the present experiments, HPLC analysis identified SCOTP in media from Leydig cells cultured with radiolabeled TOCP, demonstrating activation. TOCP addition to Leydig cells decreased testosterone output after stimulation with hCG, an effect that was replicated by subsequent in vivo experiments. Addition of various intermediates in the testosterone biosynthesis pathway indicated that both mitochondrial- and microsomal-based steps in the pathway were affected. Collectively, these data indicate that Leydig cells can activate TOCP. To model whether this activation might affect Sertoli cells in vivo, Sertoli cells were plated in culture-well inserts suspended above (cocultured with) isolated Leydig cells in the presence of TOCP. Sertoli NSE activity was diminished, while remaining unchanged when cultured in the presence of TOCP but without Leydig cells, or over Leydig cells alone. These results show that the Leydig cells in the testis are capable of activating TOCP to SCOTP, and that this can produce effects in Sertoli cells. This in situ activation of TOCP to SCOTP may help explain why the testis contains high concentrations of SCOTP after in vivo dosing with TOCP, and why the testis is a target organ for TOCP toxicity. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Chapin, R E AU - Phelps, J L AU - Somkuti, S G AU - Heindel, J J AU - Burka, L T AD - Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 483 EP - 495 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - 0 KW - Cresols KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Tritolyl Phosphates KW - 2-(2-cresyl)-4H-1-3-2-benzodioxaphosphorin-2-oxide KW - 1222-87-3 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Androstenedione KW - 409J2J96VR KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Pregnenolone KW - 73R90F7MQ8 KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases KW - EC 3.1.1.- KW - Carboxylesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.1 KW - tri-o-cresyl phosphate KW - X8II18JD0A KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Pregnenolone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Progesterone -- pharmacology KW - Cholesterol -- pharmacology KW - Androstenedione -- pharmacology KW - Testosterone -- secretion KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- blood KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Sertoli Cells -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- metabolism KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Male KW - Leydig Cells -- metabolism KW - Tritolyl Phosphates -- toxicity KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Cresols -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79944188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+interaction+of+Sertoli+and+Leydig+cells+in+the+testicular+toxicity+of+tri-o-cresyl+phosphate.&rft.au=Chapin%2C+R+E%3BPhelps%2C+J+L%3BSomkuti%2C+S+G%3BHeindel%2C+J+J%3BBurka%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Chapin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The National Cancer Institute phase I study of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine administration in adults with AIDS or AIDS-related complex: analysis of activity and toxicity profiles. AN - 79939596; 1974724 AB - 2',3'-Dideoxyinosine (didanosine; ddI) was administered to 37 adults with AIDS or AIDS-related complex in an escalating-dose phase I study. Groups of three or four patients received intravenous dosages of 0.4 mg/(kg.d) to 25.6 mg/(kg.d) divided into two or three daily doses for 2 weeks, followed by oral ddI at twice the intravenous dosages. When given with antacids, ddI was well absorbed by the oral route and penetrated into the cerebrospinal fluid. The patients had an increase in mean number of CD4+ cells from 114/mm3 at entry to 161/mm3 at week 6 (P = .00004). They also had an increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and in total number of lymphocytes. Sixteen of 18 evaluable patients had a decrease in levels of human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen by week 6 (P = .0034). Many patients reported increased energy and appetite and gained weight. Dose-limiting toxicities at high dosages were painful peripheral neuropathy and sporadic pancreatitis. However, dosages up to 9.6 mg/(kg.d) have been tolerated in patients for 11-14 months. Thus, ddI has activity against human immunodeficiency virus at dosages that can be tolerated for approximately 1 year. However, life-threatening pancreatitis is a possible complication even at low dosages, and the best ways to manage and avoid adverse effects are still under study. JF - Reviews of infectious diseases AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Mitsuya, H AU - Pluda, J M AU - Marczyk, K S AU - Thomas, R V AU - Hartman, N R AU - Brouwers, P AU - Perno, C F AU - Allain, J P AU - Johns, D G AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - S522 EP - S533 VL - 12 Suppl 5 SN - 0162-0886, 0162-0886 KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 0 KW - HIV Antigens KW - HIV Core Protein p24 KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Opportunistic Infections -- complications KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Drug Evaluation KW - HIV Antigens -- analysis KW - Adult KW - Viral Core Proteins -- analysis KW - Middle Aged KW - Pancreatitis -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Gene Products, gag -- analysis KW - Male KW - Didanosine -- therapeutic use KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- complications KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- drug therapy KW - Didanosine -- administration & dosage KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Didanosine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Didanosine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79939596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=The+National+Cancer+Institute+phase+I+study+of+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxyinosine+administration+in+adults+with+AIDS+or+AIDS-related+complex%3A+analysis+of+activity+and+toxicity+profiles.&rft.au=Yarchoan%2C+R%3BMitsuya%2C+H%3BPluda%2C+J+M%3BMarczyk%2C+K+S%3BThomas%2C+R+V%3BHartman%2C+N+R%3BBrouwers%2C+P%3BPerno%2C+C+F%3BAllain%2C+J+P%3BJohns%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Yarchoan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=12+Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=01620886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the preclinical development of an antiretroviral drug, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine. AN - 79936868; 2117302 AB - AIDS has remained a significant and worsening medical problem since its first description as a new clinical entity in 1981. In the past 6 years, substantial progress has been made in the chemotherapy for this disease; such progress is likely to exert a major effect on the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the coming decade. In this article, we overview the preclinical development of an antiretroviral drug, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (didanosine; ddI), which has recently been shown in early phase I studies to have activity against human immunodeficiency virus in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Although we will not know the full clinical potential of ddI until we have the results of ongoing controlled clinical trials, this drug appears to possess desirable features for clinical use. JF - Reviews of infectious diseases AU - McGowan, J J AU - Tomaszewski, J E AU - Cradock, J AU - Hoth, D AU - Grieshaber, C K AU - Broder, S AU - Mitsuya, H AD - AIDS Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - S513 EP - 20; discussion S520-1 VL - 12 Suppl 5 SN - 0162-0886, 0162-0886 KW - Dideoxyadenosine KW - 4Q86AH641A KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Dideoxyadenosine -- pharmacology KW - Dideoxyadenosine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Dideoxyadenosine -- toxicity KW - Didanosine -- toxicity KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Didanosine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Didanosine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79936868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+preclinical+development+of+an+antiretroviral+drug%2C+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxyinosine.&rft.au=McGowan%2C+J+J%3BTomaszewski%2C+J+E%3BCradock%2C+J%3BHoth%2C+D%3BGrieshaber%2C+C+K%3BBroder%2C+S%3BMitsuya%2C+H&rft.aulast=McGowan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=12+Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=01620886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nickel on catalase activity in vitro and in vivo. AN - 79924503; 2382268 AB - The decomposition of H2O2 by catalase (CAT) was measured in a cell-free in vitro system in the presence of 0-24 mM Ni(II) or Mg(II) as well as in red blood cells (RBCs), and in post-mitochondrial fractions of liver and kidney of rats injected i.p. with 95 mumol/kg of nickel acetate. In vitro, immediately after addition of Ni(II), the inhibition of the catalytic activity of CAT (at 25 degrees C and pH 7.2) was directly proportional to Ni(II) concentration while Mg(II) had no effect. Following in vivo treatment, activity of CAT in the RBCs was decreased by 12% at 16 h, but had returned to control level by 48 h post injection. Hepatic CAT activity remained unchanged during the first 24 h after the injection but subsequently decreased by 25% at 48 h. Renal CAT first increased by 17% above the control levels at 16 h, returned to the control level at 24 h, and finally decreased by 27% at 48 h post injection. These changes neither concurred with the corresponding tissue concentrations of Ni(II) nor resembled the concentration/effect relationships observed in vitro. Thus, the mechanism by which Ni(II) inhibits CAT activity in vivo is more complex than that in vitro and cannot be solely related to direct Ni(II)-CAT interaction. JF - Toxicology AU - Rodriguez, R E AU - Misra, M AU - Kasprzak, K S AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 45 EP - 52 VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Magnesium KW - I38ZP9992A KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Magnesium -- toxicity KW - Magnesium -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Catalase -- metabolism KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Erythrocytes -- enzymology KW - Nickel -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- enzymology KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Nickel -- toxicity KW - Catalase -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79924503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+nickel+on+catalase+activity+in+vitro+and+in+vivo.&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+R+E%3BMisra%2C+M%3BKasprzak%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of protein kinase C in cellular regulation. AN - 79913343; 2116134 AB - Protein kinase C (PKC) consists of a family of closely related enzymes ubiquitously present in animal tissues. These enzymes respond to second messengers, Ca2+, diacylglycerol and arachidonic acid, to express their activities at membrane locations. Numerous hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors and antigens are believed to transmit their signals by activation of a variety of phospholipases to generate these messengers. The various PKC isozymes, which exhibit distinct biochemical characteristics and unique cellular and subcellular localizations, may be differentially stimulated depending on the duration and strength of these messengers. Activation of PKC has been linked to the regulation of cell surface receptors, ion channels, secretion, gene expression, and neuronal plasticity and toxicity. The mechanisms of action of PKC in the regulation of these cellular functions are not entirely clear. Further study to identify the target substrates relevant to the various cellular functions is essential to define the functional diversity of this enzyme family. JF - BioFactors (Oxford, England) AU - Huang, K P AD - Section on Metabolic Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 171 EP - 178 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0951-6433, 0951-6433 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Diglycerides KW - Isoenzymes KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Exocytosis KW - Mice KW - Arachidonic Acids -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Phosphorylation KW - Isoenzymes -- physiology KW - Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Diglycerides -- metabolism KW - Second Messenger Systems KW - Protein Kinase C -- genetics KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79913343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioFactors+%28Oxford%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Role+of+protein+kinase+C+in+cellular+regulation.&rft.au=Huang%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioFactors+%28Oxford%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09516433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ibotenic acid lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex potentiate FG-7142-induced attenuation of exploratory activity in the rat. AN - 79910228; 2377670 AB - Six weeks after induction of bilateral sham or ibotenic acid lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), groups of rats were injected with the anxiogenic beta-carboline FG-7142 (15 mg/kg IP) or vehicle (VEH) before exposure to a novel open field. The attenuation of exploratory activity by FG-7142 was markedly enhanced in the MPFC-lesioned rats. The results suggest that the behavioral effects of MPFC lesions may be amplified under stressful conditions. Secondly, the inhibition of exploratory activity by FG-7142 does not depend on its action within the MPFC. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Jaskiw, G E AU - Weinberger, D R AD - Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, NIMH Research Center at St. Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 695 EP - 697 VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Carbolines KW - 0 KW - Oxazoles KW - Ibotenic Acid KW - 2552-55-8 KW - FG 7142 KW - 60PO70N1BP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Anxiety -- chemically induced KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Stress, Physiological -- psychology KW - Exploratory Behavior -- drug effects KW - Carbolines -- pharmacology KW - Ibotenic Acid -- toxicity KW - Oxazoles -- toxicity KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79910228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Ibotenic+acid+lesions+of+the+medial+prefrontal+cortex+potentiate+FG-7142-induced+attenuation+of+exploratory+activity+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Jaskiw%2C+G+E%3BWeinberger%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Jaskiw&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse exposures and universal precautions practices among a group of highly exposed health professionals. AN - 79903164; 2376660 AB - An anonymous national survey of a representative population of healthcare workers who were thought likely to have frequent and intensive exposures to blood and other body fluids (certified nurse-midwives [CNMs]), was conducted to assess the type and frequency of self-reported occupational exposures to blood and body fluids experienced, the extent to which barrier precautions and other infection control measures were used, whether or not reported use of barriers was associated with a lower perceived rate of exposures and factors that influenced the use of infection control procedures. Of those responding, 74% had soiled their hands with blood at least one time in the preceding six months, 51% had splashed blood or amniotic fluid in their faces and 24% reported one or more needlestick injuries during that same period. Our study also found evidence of an association between the practice of needle recapping and the occurrence of needlestick injury (p = .003). Despite a high level of training and knowledge, only 55% reported routinely practicing universal precautions (UPs). Several factors that potentially influenced the use of UPs were studied, including healthcare worker perceptions of risk of occupational bloodborne infection, knowledge of routes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens and rationale for not using appropriate barriers. Our data suggest that occupational exposures occur frequently and that healthcare workers' (HCWs') perceptions of risk for occupational infection play an important role in influencing use of UPs. This study emphasizes the importance of developing new strategies for UP training. JF - Infection control and hospital epidemiology AU - Willy, M E AU - Dhillon, G L AU - Loewen, N L AU - Wesley, R A AU - Henderson, D K AD - Hospital Epidemiology Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 351 EP - 356 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0899-823X, 0899-823X KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Certification KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Hepatitis B -- prevention & control KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Nurse Midwives KW - Hepatitis B -- transmission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79903164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+control+and+hospital+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Adverse+exposures+and+universal+precautions+practices+among+a+group+of+highly+exposed+health+professionals.&rft.au=Willy%2C+M+E%3BDhillon%2C+G+L%3BLoewen%2C+N+L%3BWesley%2C+R+A%3BHenderson%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Willy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+control+and+hospital+epidemiology&rft.issn=0899823X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risky business: using necessarily imprecise casualty counts to estimate occupational risks for HIV-1 infection. AN - 79902000; 2165506 AB - Although the genesis of healthcare worker anxiety regarding occupational risks of HIV-1 infection is clear, the reasons for continued insistence on a meticulous "casualty count" become less clear with time. One could, in fact, argue that the precise number of such infections has become virtually meaningless, because the routes of occupational/nosocomial transmission of HIV-1 and the magnitude of risk for infection following an adverse exposure in the healthcare setting have been well-characterized. Nevertheless, with the substantial limitations of these data clearly in mind, we have summarized the numbers of healthcare workers reported to have HIV-1 infection in each of the above categories in Table 2. The likelihood that an individual case represents true occupational infection decreases as one moves down the table. Having waded through the depths of this literature, we have reached the conclusion that, of the available data, the magnitude of risk for occupational HIV-1 infection remains the single most useful and instructive statistic available. Longitudinal cohort studies of HCWs involved in the day-to-day care of HIV-1-infected patients and in the handling and processing of specimens from such patients provide the best available evidence regarding the magnitude of risk for transmission of this virus in the healthcare setting. Fourteen prospective studies are currently in progress, with approximately 2,000 HCWs enrolled (Table 4). Six HCWs enrolled in these studies have developed serologic evidence of HIV-1 infection following percutaneous exposures, yielding an infection rate per participant of 0.32% and an infection rate per exposure of 0.31%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Infection control and hospital epidemiology AU - Beekmann, S E AU - Fahey, B J AU - Gerberding, J L AU - Henderson, D K AD - Hospital Epidemiology Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 371 EP - 379 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0899-823X, 0899-823X KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Prospective Studies KW - HIV Seroprevalence KW - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Health Occupations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79902000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+control+and+hospital+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Risky+business%3A+using+necessarily+imprecise+casualty+counts+to+estimate+occupational+risks+for+HIV-1+infection.&rft.au=Beekmann%2C+S+E%3BFahey%2C+B+J%3BGerberding%2C+J+L%3BHenderson%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Beekmann&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+control+and+hospital+epidemiology&rft.issn=0899823X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comment: carcinogenicity studies of AZO dyes. AN - 79891831; 2373300 JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Haseman, J K AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 207 EP - 211 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Azo Compounds KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Azo Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79891831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+carcinogenicity+studies+of+AZO+dyes.&rft.au=Haseman%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Haseman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Oct;13(3):351-8 [2693170] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in C57BL/6J mice congenic at the Ah Locus. AN - 79891065; 2373298 AB - The acute toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was examined in male C57BL/6J mice differing only at the Ah locus. Wild type mice (Ahb/b, "b/b") were treated once with 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 micrograms TCDD/kg po while congenic mice (Ahd/d, "d/d") received a single dose of 0, 400, 800, 1600, 2400, and 3200 micrograms TCDD/kg. Mice were checked daily, weighed twice a week, and those that survived, killed 35 days post-treatment. The LD50 values were 159 and 3351 micrograms/kg for b/b and d/d mice, respectively. Mean time to death was 22 days and was independent of dose and genotype. Decrease in body weight gain was noted in both strains 5 days after treatment and occurred at doses greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/kg in b/b mice and 1600 micrograms/kg in d/d mice. Dose-related increases in liver weight (both absolute and relative to body weight) and decreases in thymus, spleen, testes, and epididymal fat pad weights were observed at 8-24-fold higher doses in d/d than in b/b mice. A dose-related increase in segmented neutrophils was observed in both strains. Serum chemistry values indicated that 8-24X greater doses of TCDD were needed to elevate sorbitol dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and 5'-nucleotidase and to decrease total and esterified cholesterol in d/d than in b/b mice. Few effects were seen on total bile acids, serum triglycerides, glucose, or nonesterified cholesterol. In the liver, hepatocellular cytomegaly, fatty change, and bile duct hyperplasia occurred in both strains in a dose-related manner, as did thymic and splenic atrophy. Necrosis of germinal epithelium in the testes and edema in the stomach submucosa occurred at acutely toxic doses. These lesions also occurred at doses 8-24X greater in d/d than in b/b mice. Thus, the spectrum of toxicity is independent of the allele at the Ah locus, but the relative dose needed to bring about various acute responses is approximately 8-24X greater in congenic mice homozygous for the "d" allele than for the wild type animals carrying two copies of the "b" gene. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - McDonald, M M AU - Blair, P C AU - Clark, A M AU - Harris, M W AD - Division of Toxicology and Research Testing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 186 EP - 200 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blood Chemical Analysis KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- genetics KW - Dioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79891065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Differential+toxicity+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+in+C57BL%2F6J+mice+congenic+at+the+Ah+Locus.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S%3BMcDonald%2C+M+M%3BBlair%2C+P+C%3BClark%2C+A+M%3BHarris%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the peak period of sensitivity for the induction of hydronephrosis in C57BL/6N mice following exposure to 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 79890666; 2373295 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an extremely potent teratogen in mice. Hydronephrosis and cleft palate are the most sensitive measures of teratogenicity in mice following exposure to TCDD and other structurally related polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Despite a relatively long half-life, investigators have identified a critical window for the induction of cleft palate in C57BL/6N mice. To characterize the critical period for renal teratogenesis, pregnant C57BL/6N mice were treated once by gavage with 0-24 micrograms TCDD/kg body wt on Gestation Day (GD) 6, 8, 10, 12, or 14. All dams were killed on GD 18, and the fetuses were examined for the presence of hydronephrosis and cleft palate. Maternal liver-to-body weight ratios were significantly elevated above controls on all days, while maternal weight gain was unaffected. Fetal mortality was increased relative to controls only at 24 micrograms TCDD/kg on GD 6. There was no significant difference in fetal body weights between control and TCDD-treated fetuses. The incidence of cleft palate increased in a dose-related fashion from GD 6 to GD 12, and identification of GD 12 as the critical window for induction of clefting of the hard palate was confirmed. Hydronephrosis was observed at all dose levels, regardless of exposure day, and the incidence was close to 100% at 3 micrograms TCDD/kg and higher doses on GD 12 and earlier. At all doses on GD 14, both the incidence and severity of hydronephrosis were decreased relative to all other days. There was a dose-related increase in the severity of the renal lesion on each day, but between GD 6 and 12 severity was constant. Thus, while palatal sensitivity to TCDD increased with gestational age between GD 6 and 12, there was no difference among these days in development of hydronephrosis. The data suggest, however, that on GD 14 the urinary tract may be less sensitive to TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Couture, L A AU - Harris, M W AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health, Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 142 EP - 150 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice KW - Pregnancy KW - Half-Life KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Hydronephrosis -- congenital KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Hydronephrosis -- physiopathology KW - Hydronephrosis -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79890666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+peak+period+of+sensitivity+for+the+induction+of+hydronephrosis+in+C57BL%2F6N+mice+following+exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C+8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=Couture%2C+L+A%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Couture&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene-induced mutagenesis in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli. AN - 79885734; 2197010 AB - To study the mechanisms of mutagenesis by the carcinogen N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (AAF), we determined by DNA sequencing the spectrum of mutations in the Escherichia coli lacI gene induced by the ultimate metabolite N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene, using an E. coli derivative with increased permeability to this compound. Several different classes of mutations were recovered, including base substitutions (11%), single-base frameshifts (11%), double-base frameshifts (22%), deletions (21%), duplications (2%) and 'spontaneous hot-spot' mutations [26%; the gain (19%) or loss (7%) of TGGC at the sequence TGGCTGGCTGGC]. Among the base substitutions, both transitions and transversions occurred. The single-base frameshifts were all the loss of a base. The double-base frameshifts represented the loss of a (GpC) or (ApC) dinucleotide from alternating (GpC)n or (ApC)n sequences. The deletion, duplication and hot-spot mutations showed relative G,C-richness at their endpoints, suggesting that AAF-induced lesions at or near the endpoints promoted their occurrence. Taken together, the data are consistent with several previous findings on AAF mutagenesis, extending in particular the importance of frameshift mutagenesis at alternating purine-pyrimidine sequences and establishing deletion and duplication mutations as an important consequence of treatment with this carcinogen. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Schaaper, R M AU - Koffel-Schwartz, N AU - Fuchs, R P AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 1087 EP - 1095 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Fluorenes KW - Lac Repressors KW - LacI protein, E coli KW - Repressor Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene KW - 61M94X4V24 KW - 2-Acetylaminofluorene KW - 9M98QLJ2DL KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- genetics KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Fluorenes -- toxicity KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - 2-Acetylaminofluorene -- toxicity KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Repressor Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79885734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene-induced+mutagenesis+in+the+lacI+gene+of+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Schaaper%2C+R+M%3BKoffel-Schwartz%2C+N%3BFuchs%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Schaaper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tyrosine phosphorylation coupled to IgE receptor-mediated signal transduction and histamine release. AN - 79883120; 1695377 AB - Antigen-induced cross-linking of IgE bound to its receptors at the surface of basophils or mast cells initiates a number of biochemical events culminating in the release of histamine-containing granules. In the present study, we investigated the possible involvement of tyrosine phosphorylation in signaling by the high-affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilon RI). Cross-linking of Fc epsilon RI in rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3) led to the phosphorylation of several proteins on tyrosine, the most prominent having a mass of 72 kDa. Tyrosine phosphorylation was rapid, detectable 1 min after stimulation, and correlated with both the time course and antigen dose for histamine release. Reversal of Fc epsilon RI cross-linking prevented continuation of the degranulation process and resulted in rapid loss of tyrosine phosphorylation. The receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation was still induced in the absence of calcium in the medium. Depletion of protein kinase C with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate did not dramatically affect the tyrosine phosphorylation signal or the release of histamine. In contrast, the calcium ionophore A23187 induced histamine release in the absence of a perceptible increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation is an early signal following Fc epsilon RI aggregation, independent of the exocytotic process itself. Taken together, our findings functionally link protein phosphorylation on tyrosine residues to Fc epsilon RI-mediated signal transduction leading to histamine release. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Benhamou, M AU - Gutkind, J S AU - Robbins, K C AU - Siraganian, R P AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 5327 EP - 5330 VL - 87 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgE KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium Chloride KW - M4I0D6VV5M KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Calcium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - Phosphoproteins -- isolation & purification KW - Cell Line KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology KW - Immunoglobulin E -- immunology KW - Receptors, Fc -- physiology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - Signal Transduction KW - Histamine Release -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79883120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Tyrosine+phosphorylation+coupled+to+IgE+receptor-mediated+signal+transduction+and+histamine+release.&rft.au=Benhamou%2C+M%3BGutkind%2C+J+S%3BRobbins%2C+K+C%3BSiraganian%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Benhamou&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=5327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Immunol. 1986 Nov;23(11):1215-23 [3029572] Prog Allergy. 1988;42:123-84 [2845425] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1907-11 [2964640] J Biol Chem. 1986 Sep 5;261(25):11823-31 [2943732] J Immunol. 1989 Jul 1;143(1):250-8 [2471737] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):901-5 [2464830] J Cell Biol. 1988 Dec;107(6 Pt 1):2125-35 [2461946] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5190-4 [2455897] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 5;262(22):10638-43 [2440869] Mol Immunol. 1987 Apr;24(4):347-56 [2443833] Nature. 1985 Jan 3-9;313(5997):59-60 [2578217] J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1715-20 [2538651] Nature. 1989 Oct 26;341(6244):752-4 [2529442] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):5079-83 [2525780] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8783-7 [2682659] Cell. 1989 May 5;57(3):351-4 [2655922] Nature. 1989 Mar 16;338(6212):257-9 [2784195] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Jan 29;134(2):736-42 [3511908] Nature. 1984 Feb 9-15;307(5951):521-7 [6320011] Prog Allergy. 1984;34:188-235 [6199797] J Immunol. 1981 Oct;127(4):1339-44 [6168684] Eur J Immunol. 1981 Apr;11(4):317-23 [6166481] Anal Biochem. 1974 Feb;57(2):383-94 [4819732] Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 Jan;50(1 Pt 1):20-9 [2463124] Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):800-4 [2536956] Nature. 1986 Sep 18-24;323(6085):226-32 [3020426] Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:897-930 [2992362] Nature. 1989 Dec 14;342(6251):805-7 [2532306] Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1608-11 [2531918] J Immunol. 1987 Aug 1;139(3):881-6 [3598191] J Immunol. 1989 Oct 15;143(8):2617-25 [2551964] Annu Rev Immunol. 1986;4:419-70 [3011032] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 25;262(24):11455-63 [3040703] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 25;262(24):11449-54 [3040702] J Immunol. 1988 Aug 1;141(3):942-7 [2969395] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain concentrations of benzodiazepines are elevated in an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy. AN - 79878645; 1973539 AB - Brain extracts from rats with hepatic encephalopathy due to thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure contained 4- to 6-fold higher concentrations of substances that inhibit radioligand binding to benzodiazepine receptors than corresponding control rat extracts. Both isocratic and gradient-elution HPLC indicated that this inhibitory activity was localized in 3-8 peaks with retention times corresponding to deschlorodiazepam, deschlorolorazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, diazepam, and N-desmethyldiazepam. The presence of diazepam and N-desmethyldiazepam was confirmed by mass spectroscopy. Both mass spectroscopic and radiometric techniques indicated that the concentrations of N-desmethyldiazepam and diazepam in brain extracts from encephalopathic rats were 2-9 and 5-7 times higher, respectively, than in control brain extracts. While benzodiazepines have been identified previously in mammalian and plant tissues, this report demonstrates that concentrations of these substances are increased in a pathophysiological condition. These findings provide a rational basis for the use of benzodiazepine receptor antagonists in the management of hepatic encephalopathy in humans. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Basile, A S AU - Pannell, L AU - Jaouni, T AU - Gammal, S H AU - Fales, H M AU - Jones, E A AU - Skolnick, P AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 5263 EP - 5267 VL - 87 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents KW - 0 KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - Tissue Extracts KW - Thioacetamide KW - 075T165X8M KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Diazepam -- metabolism KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Radioligand Assay KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents -- metabolism KW - Tissue Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- metabolism KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Brain+concentrations+of+benzodiazepines+are+elevated+in+an+animal+model+of+hepatic+encephalopathy.&rft.au=Basile%2C+A+S%3BPannell%2C+L%3BJaouni%2C+T%3BGammal%2C+S+H%3BFales%2C+H+M%3BJones%2C+E+A%3BSkolnick%2C+P&rft.aulast=Basile&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=5263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Forensic Sci Soc. 1978 Apr-Jul;17(2-3):189-94 [632796] Hepatology. 1990 Mar;11(3):371-8 [2155865] Nature. 1979 Oct 25;281(5733):688-9 [233132] Lancet. 1982 Jan 2;1(8262):18-20 [6119414] Clin Sci (Lond). 1984 Aug;67(2):167-75 [6086210] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9236-40 [3024172] Gastroenterology. 1987 Nov;93(5):1069-77 [2820828] J Neural Transm. 1987;70(3-4):383-98 [2960780] Lancet. 1988 Feb 27;1(8583):457-9 [2893876] Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Oct 1;37(19):3549-59 [3178869] Gastroenterology. 1989 Jan;96(1):240-3 [2491822] Clin Neuropharmacol. 1988 Oct;11(5):401-22 [2905934] Lancet. 1989 Mar 4;1(8636):491-2 [2563854] J Neurosci. 1988 Jul;8(7):2414-21 [2854841] Gastroenterology. 1989 Sep;97(3):744-50 [2546850] J Neurochem. 1989 Oct;53(4):1057-63 [2549194] Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Jan 1;39(1):210-2 [2297357] Neuropsychopharmacology. 1990 Feb;3(1):61-71 [2154999] Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979 May;10(5):831-43 [40258] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytochrome b5 potentiation of cytochrome P-450 catalytic activity demonstrated by a vaccinia virus-mediated in situ reconstitution system. AN - 79878363; 2115170 AB - A cDNA containing the full coding region of human cytochrome b5 was inserted into a vaccinia virus cDNA expression vector. Infection of human thymidine kinase-minus (TK-) 143 cells in culture with this recombinant virus resulted in production of 0.3 nmol of cytochrome b5 per mg of cell lysate protein. The expressed cytochrome had a reduced difference spectrum with a Soret peak at 424 nm, typical of pure cytochrome b5. TK- 143 cells have little detectable endogenous cytochrome b5, cytochrome P-450 (P450), and NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase. To test whether cytochrome b5 potentiated mixed-function monooxygenation in situ, these cells were coinfected with three recombinant vaccinia viruses individually carrying cDNAs encoding cytochrome b5, NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase, and P450 form IIB1. These triple-virus-infected cells were compared to cells infected with the P450IIB1 and NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase recombinant viruses with respect to P450IIB1-catalyzed monooxygenase activities. Cytochrome b5 specifically augmented the deethylation of p-nitrophenetole in microsomal membrane fractions of infected cells or when substrate was incubated directly with cells in situ. No significant increases were seen with P450IIB1-catalyzed testosterone, 7-ethoxycoumarin, or 7-pentoxyresorufin oxidations. These data demonstrate that cytochrome b5 is capable of specifically augmenting monooxygenase activities in intact cells. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Aoyama, T AU - Nagata, K AU - Yamazoe, Y AU - Kato, R AU - Matsunaga, E AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 5425 EP - 5429 VL - 87 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - 0 KW - Cytochromes b5 KW - 9035-39-6 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase KW - EC 1.6.2.4 KW - Thymidine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.21 KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase -- genetics KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Thymidine Kinase -- deficiency KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Gene Library KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Transfection KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Cytochromes b5 -- metabolism KW - Cytochromes b5 -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Cytochrome+b5+potentiation+of+cytochrome+P-450+catalytic+activity+demonstrated+by+a+vaccinia+virus-mediated+in+situ+reconstitution+system.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BNagata%2C+K%3BYamazoe%2C+Y%3BKato%2C+R%3BMatsunaga%2C+E%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=5425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 May;68(5):1042-6 [4995819] J Biol Chem. 1964 Jul;239:2370-8 [14209971] Mol Pharmacol. 1973 Nov;9(6):840-5 [4148656] Life Sci. 1974 Jan 1;14(1):35-46 [4129689] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Sep 23;60(2):771-8 [4153715] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1974 Dec 23;61(4):1348-55 [4156173] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1976 Mar;173(1):178-86 [4027] J Biol Chem. 1976 Sep 10;251(17):5337-44 [821951] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1978 Jun;205(3):596-605 [660532] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1978;47:1-44 [364937] J Biol Chem. 1979 Aug 25;254(16):7778-84 [468787] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 [388439] Annu Rev Biochem. 1980;49:315-56 [6996566] J Biochem. 1980 Nov;88(5):1521-35 [7462192] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Nov 28;97(2):582-6 [6781498] J Biol Chem. 1981 May 25;256(10):4822-6 [7228857] J Biochem. 1981 Feb;89(2):351-62 [6972374] Eur J Biochem. 1981 Jun 1;116(3):521-6 [7262071] Biochemistry. 1982 Nov 9;21(23):6019-30 [6758842] J Biol Chem. 1983 Jul 25;258(14):8839-47 [6863312] J Virol. 1984 Mar;49(3):857-64 [6321770] J Biol Chem. 1984 Dec 25;259(24):15377-85 [6511797] Eur J Biochem. 1985 Jun 18;149(3):479-89 [3924614] Drug Metab Dispos. 1985 Jul-Aug;13(4):453-8 [2863110] Drug Metab Dispos. 1986 Jan-Feb;14(1):89-96 [2868871] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3403-9 [3939316] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1986 Dec;251(2):629-38 [3800390] Drug Metab Dispos. 1987 May-Jun;15(3):344-8 [2886309] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Dec 7;926(3):231-8 [3689822] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 Aug;246(2):454-9 [3404442] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Jan;268(1):152-60 [2912373] J Biochem. 1988 Nov;104(5):785-90 [3266213] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Apr;270(1):162-72 [2494942] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jul;36(1):83-8 [2501655] J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 15;264(35):21327-33 [2574176] Pharmacol Res. 1989 Sep-Oct;21(5):513-20 [2594608] Pharmacol Ther. 1990;45(2):153-239 [2405436] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1971 Mar;143(1):66-79 [4397839] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome aberrations in relation to radiation dose following partial-body exposures in three populations. AN - 79878245; 2371385 AB - Structural chromosome aberrations were evaluated in peripheral blood samples obtained from three populations exposed to partial-body irradiation. These included 143 persons who received radiotherapy for enlarged thymus glands during infancy and 50 sibling controls; 79 persons irradiated for enlarged tonsils and 81 persons surgically treated for the same condition during childhood; and 77 women frequently exposed as young adults to fluoroscopic chest X rays during lung collapse treatment for tuberculosis (TB) and 66 women of similar ages treated for TB with other therapies. Radiation exposures occurred 30 and more years before blood was drawn. Doses to active bone marrow averaged over the entire body were 21, 6, and 14 cGy for the exposed thymic, tonsil, and TB subjects, respectively. Two hundred metaphases were scored for each subject, and the frequencies of symmetrical (stable) and asymmetrical (unstable) chromosome aberrations were quantified in 97,200 metaphases. Cells with stable aberrations were detected with greater frequency in the irradiated subjects compared with nonirradiated subjects in all three populations, and an overall test for an association between stable aberrations and partial-body ionizing radiation was highly significant (P less than 0.001). We found no evidence that radiation-induced aberrations varied by age at exposure. These data show that exposure of children or young adults to partial-body fractionated radiation can result in detectable increased frequencies of stable chromosome aberrations in circulating lymphocytes 30 years later, and that these aberrations appear to be informative as biological markers of population exposure. JF - Radiation research AU - Kleinerman, R A AU - Littlefield, L G AU - Tarone, R E AU - Sayer, A M AU - Hildreth, N G AU - Pottern, L M AU - Machado, S G AU - Boice, J D AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 93 EP - 101 VL - 123 IS - 1 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Palatine Tonsil -- pathology KW - Humans KW - Thymus Hyperplasia -- radiotherapy KW - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary -- diagnostic imaging KW - Time Factors KW - Hyperplasia -- radiotherapy KW - Female KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Radiography -- adverse effects KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Chromosome+aberrations+in+relation+to+radiation+dose+following+partial-body+exposures+in+three+populations.&rft.au=Kleinerman%2C+R+A%3BLittlefield%2C+L+G%3BTarone%2C+R+E%3BSayer%2C+A+M%3BHildreth%2C+N+G%3BPottern%2C+L+M%3BMachado%2C+S+G%3BBoice%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Kleinerman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with ingestion of L-tryptophan. AN - 79873500; 2369427 JF - Arthritis and rheumatism AU - Shulman, L E AD - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 913 EP - 917 VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0004-3591, 0004-3591 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Syndrome KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Sex Ratio KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Tryptophan -- adverse effects KW - Muscular Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Eosinophilia -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79873500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthritis+and+rheumatism&rft.atitle=The+eosinophilia-myalgia+syndrome+associated+with+ingestion+of+L-tryptophan.&rft.au=Shulman%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Shulman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arthritis+and+rheumatism&rft.issn=00043591&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative damage to brain proteins, loss of glutamine synthetase activity, and production of free radicals during ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to gerbil brain. AN - 79872696; 1973301 AB - Free radical-mediated oxidative damage has been implicated in tissue injury resulting from ischemia/reperfusion events. Global cortical ischemia/reperfusion injury to Mongolian gerbil brains was produced by transient occlusion of both common carotid arteries. Protein oxidation, as measured by protein carbonyl content, increased significantly during the reperfusion phase that followed 10 min of ischemia. The activity of glutamine synthetase, an enzyme known to be inactivated by metal-catalyzed oxidation reactions, decreased to 65% of control levels after 2 hr of reperfusion that followed 10 min of ischemia. We also report that the free radical spin trap N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone [300 mg/kg (body weight)] administered 60 min before ischemia/reperfusion is initiated, partially prevents protein oxidation and protects from loss of glutamine synthetase activity. In addition, we report a N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone-dependent nitroxide radical obtained in the lipid fraction of the ischemia/reperfusion-lesioned brains, but there was very little radical present in the comparable sham-operated control brains. These data strengthen the previous observation utilizing in vivo-trapping methods, that free radical flux is increased during the reperfusion phase of the ischemia-lesioned gerbil brain. The loss of glutamine synthetase would be expected to increase the levels of brain L-glutamate. Thus, the oxidative inactivation of glutamine synthetase may be a critical factor in the neurotoxicity produced after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Oliver, C N AU - Starke-Reed, P E AU - Stadtman, E R AU - Liu, G J AU - Carney, J M AU - Floyd, R A AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 5144 EP - 5147 VL - 87 IS - 13 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase KW - EC 6.3.1.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Gerbillinae KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Male KW - Reperfusion Injury -- metabolism KW - Ischemic Attack, Transient -- metabolism KW - Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79872696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Oxidative+damage+to+brain+proteins%2C+loss+of+glutamine+synthetase+activity%2C+and+production+of+free+radicals+during+ischemia%2Freperfusion-induced+injury+to+gerbil+brain.&rft.au=Oliver%2C+C+N%3BStarke-Reed%2C+P+E%3BStadtman%2C+E+R%3BLiu%2C+G+J%3BCarney%2C+J+M%3BFloyd%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=5144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1418-22 [26055] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Dec;275(2):559-67 [2574564] Gastroenterology. 1982 Jan;82(1):9-15 [6273253] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Mar;80(6):1521-5 [6572914] J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 10;258(19):11823-7 [6137483] J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 10;258(19):11828-33 [6137484] Methods Enzymol. 1984;107:370-6 [6503718] J Biol Chem. 1985 Jan 10;260(1):300-5 [2856920] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;180:317-28 [2863828] J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 15;260(23):12600-6 [2864341] Anal Biochem. 1985 Oct;150(1):76-85 [3843705] J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 5;261(10):4574-8 [2870062] Nature. 1986 Sep 25-Oct 1;323(6086):304-9 [2876389] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Feb 15;253(1):62-72 [2880566] J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 15;262(5):2101-10 [2880842] J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 25;262(12):5488-91 [3571220] J Bacteriol. 1988 Feb;170(2):921-6 [2892828] Neurosci Lett. 1988 May 26;88(2):233-8 [3380359] J Clin Invest. 1988 Aug;82(2):476-85 [2841353] Crit Care Med. 1988 Oct;16(10):954-63 [3048896] J Rheumatol. 1989 Jan;16(1):15-8 [2716005] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2120-4 [6113590] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diphtheria toxin mutant selectively kills cerebellar Purkinje neurons. AN - 79868046; 2367523 AB - CRM107 (crossreacting material 107), a double point mutant of diphtheria toxin that lacks receptor-binding activity, specifically kills cerebellar Purkinje cells in vivo. After injection into guinea pig cerebrospinal fluid, CRM107 (0.9 micrograms) and CRM107-monoclonal antibody conjugates (10 micrograms) kill up to 90% of the total Purkinje cell population with no detectable toxicity to other neurons. Animals exhibit ataxia, tremor, and abnormalities of posture and tone. Native diphtheria toxin, ricin, and ricin A chain do not cause ataxia and do not reduce the Purkinje cell population after intrathecal injection into guinea pigs at toxic or maximally tolerated doses. However, in rats, which will tolerate higher doses of diphtheria toxin than guinea pigs, Purkinje cells can be killed by both CRM107 and diphtheria toxin. A truncated mutant of diphtheria toxin, called CRM45, can also cause Purkinje cell killing but has additional toxicity not seen with CRM107. Animals treated with intrathecal CRM107 or CRM107 linked to antibodies may serve as models for Purkinje cell loss in a broad spectrum of human diseases and may be used to further study cerebellar physiology. Understanding the basis for the Purkinje cell sensitivity to CRM107 may illuminate other causes of Purkinje cell loss. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Riedel, C J AU - Muraszko, K M AU - Youle, R J AD - Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20896. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 5051 EP - 5055 VL - 87 IS - 13 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - CRM 107 KW - Diphtheria Toxin KW - Immunotoxins KW - Ricin KW - 9009-86-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ricin -- toxicity KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Injections, Spinal KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- pathology KW - Mutation KW - Female KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- administration & dosage KW - Purkinje Cells -- drug effects KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- administration & dosage KW - Immunotoxins -- toxicity KW - Purkinje Cells -- pathology KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- pathology KW - Bacterial Toxins -- toxicity KW - Immunotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Bacterial Toxins -- administration & dosage KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79868046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Diphtheria+toxin+mutant+selectively+kills+cerebellar+Purkinje+neurons.&rft.au=Riedel%2C+C+J%3BMuraszko%2C+K+M%3BYoule%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Riedel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=5051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Br J Exp Pathol. 1966 Oct;47(5):507-17 [5927093] Brain Res. 1989 Dec 18;504(2):216-22 [2574621] Neurology. 1976 Sep;26(9):818-20 [821007] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Dec;73(12):4449-53 [63947] Annu Rev Biochem. 1977;46:69-94 [20040] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Mar;76(3):1443-7 [286329] J Infect Dis. 1982 Jan;145(1):94-102 [6798133] J Biol Chem. 1982 Feb 25;257(4):1598-601 [6120167] Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):889-90 [6177039] Nature. 1982 Jul 22;298(5872):375-7 [6178042] Brain Res. 1982 Oct 14;249(2):397-401 [7139309] Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):346-8 [2580350] Arch Neurol. 1985 Jul;42(7):690-4 [3925934] J Neurol Sci. 1985 Oct;70(3):283-93 [4056824] Dev Biol. 1986 May;115(1):148-54 [3699243] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(10):3146-50 [3458170] Nature. 1986 Jun 5-11;321(6070):613-6 [2423882] J Immunol. 1986 Nov 1;137(9):2913-7 [3760576] Cell. 1986 Dec 5;47(5):641-8 [3536124] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):536-9 [3498987] Exp Neurol. 1987 Nov;98(2):453-7 [3666088] Crit Rev Neurobiol. 1987;3(3):245-99 [3315239] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8330-4 [3479795] Science. 1987 Nov 20;238(4830):1098-104 [3317828] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1295-300 [3257214] J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 5;263(10):4837-43 [3280569] Biochemistry. 1988 Apr 5;27(7):2288-94 [3289612] J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1956 Jul;15(3):243-68 [13346392] Neurology. 1965 Sep;15:823-9 [14334957] J Biol Chem. 1973 Jun 10;248(11):3838-44 [4196584] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation. AN - 79859670; 2358359 AB - Prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation induces some effects that are seen at birth and others that cannot be detected until later in life. Data from A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki show a diminished number of births after exposure under 4 wk of gestational age. Although a wide array of congenital malformations has been found in animal experimentation after such exposure to x rays, in humans only small head size (exposure at 4-17 wk) and mental retardation (exposure primarily at 8-15 wk) have been observed. In Hiroshima, small head size occurred after doses of 0.10-0.19 Gy or more, and an excess of mental retardation at 0.2-0.4 Gy or more. Intelligence test scores were reduced among A-bomb survivors exposed at 8-15 wk of gestational age by 21-29 IQ points per Gy. Other effects of in-utero exposure to atomic radiation include long-lasting complex chromosome abnormalities. JF - Health physics AU - Miller, R W AD - Clinical Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 57 EP - 61 VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Intellectual Disability -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced KW - Fertility -- radiation effects KW - Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced -- pathology KW - Cataract -- etiology KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- radiation effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79859670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+prenatal+exposure+to+ionizing+radiation.&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The long-term safety of danazol in women with hereditary angioedema. AN - 79859072; 2358093 AB - Although the short-term safety (less than or equal to 6 months) of danazol has been established in a variety of settings, no information exists as to its long-term safety. We therefore investigated the long-term safety of danazol by performing a retrospective chart review of 60 female patients with hereditary angioedema treated with danazol for a continuous period of 6 months or longer. The mean age of the patients was 35.2 years and the mean duration of therapy was 59.7 months. Virtually all patients experienced one or more adverse reactions. Menstrual abnormalities (79%), weight gain (60%), muscle cramps/myalgias (40%), and transaminase elevations (40%) were the most common adverse reactions. The drug was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 8 patients. No patient has died or suffered any apparent long-term sequelae that were directly attributable to the drug. We conclude that, despite a relatively high incidence of adverse reactions, danazol has proven to be remarkably safe over the long-term in this group of patients. JF - Fertility and sterility AU - Zurlo, J J AU - Frank, M M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 64 EP - 72 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0015-0282, 0015-0282 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Pregnadienes KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Danazol KW - N29QWW3BUO KW - Index Medicus KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Aged KW - Weight Gain KW - Polycythemia -- chemically induced KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- blood KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Thrombocytosis -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Menstruation Disturbances -- chemically induced KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Muscle Cramp -- chemically induced KW - Pregnadienes -- adverse effects KW - Angioedema -- drug therapy KW - Danazol -- therapeutic use KW - Danazol -- administration & dosage KW - Danazol -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79859072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fertility+and+sterility&rft.atitle=The+long-term+safety+of+danazol+in+women+with+hereditary+angioedema.&rft.au=Zurlo%2C+J+J%3BFrank%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Zurlo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fertility+and+sterility&rft.issn=00150282&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beneficial and detrimental effects of lidoflazine in microvascular angina. AN - 79857264; 2193496 AB - Lidoflazine, a piperazine derivative calcium antagonist, was investigated as therapy in 22 patients with microvascular angina (chest pain, angiographically normal coronary arteries and left ventricle, microvascular constrictor response to pacing after ergonovine administration and limited coronary flow response to dipyridamole). Eighteen of 22 patients reported symptom benefit while taking lidoflazine 360 mg daily. Compared to baseline exercise treadmill testing, lidoflazine resulted in significant improvement in exercise duration (812 +/- 337 vs 628 +/- 357 seconds, p less than 0.01) and time to onset of chest pain (530 +/- 343 vs 348 +/- 246 seconds, p less than 0.01). The 5 patients with ischemic ST-segment changes during baseline testing demonstrated an almost 4-minute delay in ST-segment depression (3 patients) or no ST-segment depression (2 patients) while taking lidoflazine. Repeat invasive study of coronary flow in 11 patients taking lidoflazine demonstrated significantly greater coronary vasodilation at rest, during pacing, during pacing after ergonovine and after dipyridamole administration (all p less than 0.03), compared to the initial drug-free study. During the randomized, placebo-controlled phase of the study with 7-week treatment periods, 9 of 11 patients who completed this phase of the study preferred lidoflazine and all demonstrated improved exercise capacity with lidoflazine compared to placebo. However, 3 patients developed malignant ventricular arrhythmias, and 1 died while taking lidoflazine, resulting in termination of the study. Limited coronary vasodilator response in microvascular angina has a reversible vasoconstrictor component and may be due to elevated systolic calcium levels. Despite the hemodynamic, symptom and exercise benefit, lidoflazine may be unsafe for clinical use because of its propensity to cause potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias. JF - The American journal of cardiology AU - Cannon, R O AU - Brush, J E AU - Schenke, W H AU - Tracy, C M AU - Epstein, S E AD - Cardiovascular Diagnosis Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 01 SP - 37 EP - 41 VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0002-9149, 0002-9149 KW - Piperazines KW - 0 KW - Lidoflazine KW - J4ZHN3HBTE KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hemodynamics -- drug effects KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Coronary Angiography KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Microcirculation -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Coronary Circulation -- drug effects KW - Angina Pectoris -- drug therapy KW - Lidoflazine -- adverse effects KW - Piperazines -- therapeutic use KW - Lidoflazine -- therapeutic use KW - Angina Pectoris -- physiopathology KW - Angina Pectoris -- diagnostic imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79857264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+cardiology&rft.atitle=Beneficial+and+detrimental+effects+of+lidoflazine+in+microvascular+angina.&rft.au=Cannon%2C+R+O%3BBrush%2C+J+E%3BSchenke%2C+W+H%3BTracy%2C+C+M%3BEpstein%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Cannon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+cardiology&rft.issn=00029149&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interleukin 6 induces human immunodeficiency virus expression in infected monocytic cells alone and in synergy with tumor necrosis factor alpha by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. AN - 79855729; 2193094 AB - The immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) directly upregulates production of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in acutely as well as in chronically infected cells of monocytic lineage. In addition, IL-6 synergizes with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the induction of latent HIV expression. Unlike TNF-alpha, upregulation of viral expression induced by IL-6 alone does not occur at the transcriptional level and it is not associated with accumulation of HIV RNA. However, when IL-6 and TNF-alpha synergistically stimulate HIV production, accumulation of HIV RNA and increased transcription are observed, indicating that IL-6 affects HIV expression at multiple (transcriptional and post-transcriptional) levels. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Poli, G AU - Bressler, P AU - Kinter, A AU - Duh, E AU - Timmer, W C AU - Rabson, A AU - Justement, J S AU - Stanley, S AU - Fauci, A S AD - Laboratories of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 01 SP - 151 EP - 158 VL - 172 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Interleukin-6 KW - RNA, Viral KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Retroviridae Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Blotting, Western KW - Blotting, Northern KW - RNA, Viral -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Retroviridae Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Virus Activation -- drug effects KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - HIV-1 -- growth & development KW - Monocytes -- microbiology KW - Interleukin-6 -- pharmacology KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79855729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Interleukin+6+induces+human+immunodeficiency+virus+expression+in+infected+monocytic+cells+alone+and+in+synergy+with+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+by+transcriptional+and+post-transcriptional+mechanisms.&rft.au=Poli%2C+G%3BBressler%2C+P%3BKinter%2C+A%3BDuh%2C+E%3BTimmer%2C+W+C%3BRabson%2C+A%3BJustement%2C+J+S%3BStanley%2C+S%3BFauci%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Poli&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1981 Aug;127(2):412-6 [6972960] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):782-5 [2300561] J Immunol. 1986 Jun 1;136(11):4049-53 [2422271] Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):566-9 [3726549] J Virol. 1986 Aug;59(2):284-91 [3016298] Eur J Biochem. 1986 Sep 15;159(3):625-32 [3758081] EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2529-37 [3023045] J Exp Med. 1987 Mar 1;165(3):914-9 [3493322] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7251-5 [2444978] Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):800-2 [3313729] J Virol. 1988 Jan;62(1):139-47 [3257102] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 1;140(3):974-7 [3276786] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1117-22 [2449497] Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1218-21 [2457950] Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1673-5 [3047875] J Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;107(4):1269-77 [3049617] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):431-8 [2463307] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):531-6 [2783441] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):549-53 [2783442] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2336-40 [2494664] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8 [2784570] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):131-8 [2713164] Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):575-7 [2470148] J Neuroimmunol. 1989 Jul;23(2):109-16 [2656753] J Immunol. 1989 Jul 15;143(2):470-5 [2544645] Science. 1989 Jul 21;245(4915):305-8 [2665081] Blood. 1989 Jul;74(1):1-10 [2473791] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5974-8 [2762307] Immunol Today. 1988 May;9(5):137-9 [3076767] J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4404-8 [2789293] Immunol Today. 1989 Aug;10(8):272-8 [2679647] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(20):8024-8 [2813375] J Immunol. 1990 Jan 15;144(2):480-4 [2295799] Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1126-32 [2999973] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of the mouse alpha A-crystallin gene: isolation of a cDNA encoding a protein that binds to a cis sequence motif shared with the major histocompatibility complex class I gene and other genes. AN - 79840217; 1694016 AB - We have shown by site-directed mutagenesis that the sequence between positions -69 and -40 of the mouse alpha A-crystallin gene is crucial for tissue-specific gene expression in a transfected mouse lens epithelial cell line transformed with the early region of simian virus 40. Gel retardation experiments with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides revealed a mouse lens nuclear protein which bound specifically to the palindromic sequence 5'-GGGAAATCCC-3' at positions -66 to -57 in the alpha A-crystallin promoter. By screening a bacteriophage lambda gt11 expression library of the transformed lens cells, we isolated a 2.5-kilobase-pair cDNA encoding a fusion protein which bound to this sequence and to the regulatory element of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene. This cDNA hybridized to a 10-kilobase-pair polyadenylated RNA present in many different tissues, including lens. It encoded a protein, tentatively called alpha A-CRYBP1, containing at least two zinc fingers. alpha A-CRYBP1 is either homologous or very similar to the human nuclear proteins MBP-1 (Baldwin et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1406-1414, 1990), PRDII-BFI (Fan and Maniatis, Genes Dev. 4:29-42, 1990), and HIV-EP1 (Maekawa et al., J. Biol. Chem. 264:14591-14593, 1989), which bind to regulatory elements of the MHC class I, beta interferon, and human immunodeficiency virus genes, respectively. Our results suggest that the lens-specific alpha A-crystallin, MHC class I, beta interferon and other genes have a similar cis-acting DNA regulatory motif that shares alpha A-CRYBPI, MBP-1, PRDII-BF1, HIV-EP1, or other closely related proteins as trans-acting factors. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Nakamura, T AU - Donovan, D M AU - Hamada, K AU - Sax, C M AU - Norman, B AU - Flanagan, J R AU - Ozato, K AU - Westphal, H AU - Piatigorsky, J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 3700 EP - 3708 VL - 10 IS - 7 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Crystallins KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Poly A KW - 24937-83-5 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Poly A -- isolation & purification KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Lens, Crystalline KW - Mice KW - Base Sequence KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Poly A -- genetics KW - Epithelium KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - RNA -- genetics KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Genes KW - DNA -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Crystallins -- genetics KW - Genes, MHC Class I KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79840217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+the+mouse+alpha+A-crystallin+gene%3A+isolation+of+a+cDNA+encoding+a+protein+that+binds+to+a+cis+sequence+motif+shared+with+the+major+histocompatibility+complex+class+I+gene+and+other+genes.&rft.au=Nakamura%2C+T%3BDonovan%2C+D+M%3BHamada%2C+K%3BSax%2C+C+M%3BNorman%2C+B%3BFlanagan%2C+J+R%3BOzato%2C+K%3BWestphal%2C+H%3BPiatigorsky%2C+J&rft.aulast=Nakamura&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):711-3 [3031512] Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1622-8 [3029873] Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):705-16 [3091258] Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:479-504 [3052280] Genes Dev. 1988 Jul;2(7):801-6 [3061875] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5884-8 [2457903] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 5;264(25):14591-3 [2504707] Cell. 1989 Jul 28;58(2):227-9 [2665943] FASEB J. 1989 Jun;3(8):1933-40 [2656357] J Exp Med. 1989 Apr 1;169(4):1309-21 [2926327] EMBO J. 1987 Nov;6(11):3317-24 [3322806] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;7(12):4542-8 [3501825] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):305-13 [3561391] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;5(9):2221-30 [3837188] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Apr;10(4):1406-14 [2108316] Genes Dev. 1990 Jan;4(1):29-42 [2106471] Curr Eye Res. 1990 Jan;9(1):31-7 [2178867] Dev Biol. 1990 Jan;137(1):68-76 [2295367] Mol Cell Biol. 1983 May;3(5):787-95 [6865942] Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 [6960240] Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475-89 [6828386] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Apr;79(7):2360-4 [6285380] New Biol. 1989 Nov;1(2):193-204 [2562221] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(3):723-7 [3422454] J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 25;263(30):15666-72 [3170605] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4700-4 [3133660] Dev Biol. 1988 May;127(1):209-19 [2834246] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1807-14 [3474517] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Feb 25;16(4):1423-30 [3258064] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2334-8 [3857584] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):7815-9 [3865198] Cell. 1989 Apr 21;57(2):197-9 [2649248] Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):827-36 [2836068] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8825-9 [2848241] Genes Dev. 1988 Aug;2(8):991-1002 [2844627] Cell. 1988 Feb 12;52(3):415-23 [2964277] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of transformation and DNA synthesis after microinjection of raf proteins. AN - 79837976; 2192265 AB - Full-length and N-terminal deletion mutants of human c-raf-1 cDNA were cloned into Escherichia coli expression plasmids. Bacterially expressed c-raf proteins were purified by anion-exchange, gel filtration, and affinity chromatography. Microinjection of mutant c-raf proteins into G0-arrested NIH 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis and morphological transformation, whereas microinjection of full-length c-raf had no effect. The amino terminus of the raf protein has an important negative regulatory influence; alteration of this region resulted in increased kinase activity and oncogenicity. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Smith, M R AU - Heidecker, G AU - Rapp, U R AU - Kung, H F AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 3828 EP - 3833 VL - 10 IS - 7 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Microinjections KW - Mutation KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA Replication KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79837976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+transformation+and+DNA+synthesis+after+microinjection+of+raf+proteins.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+R%3BHeidecker%2C+G%3BRapp%2C+U+R%3BKung%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 May 16;152(3):1045-9 [2837178] Oncogene. 1988 Feb;2(2):187-93 [3285297] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8855-9 [3057494] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3659-63 [2726744] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 May;9(5):2247-50 [2501665] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1988;53 Pt 1:173-84 [2978288] Cell. 1989 Aug 25;58(4):649-57 [2475255] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;10(6):2503-12 [2188091] J Virol. 1983 Mar;45(3):914-24 [6300462] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(14):4218-22 [6308607] Nature. 1984 Aug 9-15;310(5977):508-11 [6611509] Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):109-17 [6380758] Nature. 1985 Jan 17-23;313(5999):241-3 [3918269] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jun;5(6):1400-7 [2993863] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5641-5 [3862088] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5954-8 [2994056] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jan 24;14(2):1009-15 [3003687] Nature. 1986 Apr 10-16;320(6062):540-3 [2938016] Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):485-7 [2421409] Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):853-9 [3755547] J Mol Biol. 1986 May 5;189(1):113-30 [3537305] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jan 26;15(2):595-609 [3029685] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Mar;7(3):1171-9 [3561413] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:779-827 [3304147] Biochem J. 1987 Apr 15;243(2):313-27 [3307760] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2651-4 [3043188] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prolonged survival of tumor-bearing rats with repetitive low-dose recombinant tumor necrosis factor. AN - 79833774; 2354441 AB - Tumor necrosis factor may be a mediator of the syndrome of cancer cachexia. Tachyphylaxis or tolerance to the cachectic effects of recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) has been previously described. In this study, we investigate whether repetitive exposure to rTNF can induce similar tolerance in tumor-bearing (TB) rats and ameliorate cachexia induced by the tumor. In experiment 1, non-tumor-bearing (NTB) and TB rats were randomized to either escalating low doses of rTNF or saline i.p. twice daily for 9 consecutive days. NTB rats treated with rTNF demonstrated a significant decline in food intake and weight change (P less than 0.00001) but soon developed tolerance to the cachectic effects of rTNF; they consumed significantly more food than on the first day of treatment and had weight change similar to NTB rats treated with saline. TB rats treated with rTNF showed a similar significant decline in food intake and weight change (P less than 0.0001) and also demonstrated similar tolerance to the cachectic effects of rTNF with continued treatment. Following treatment, TB rats that had been treated with rTNF ate significantly more and lost less weight than TB rats that had been treated with saline (P less than 0.00001). rTNF treatment of TB rats also demonstrated antineoplastic activity, as estimated tumor weight of tumors from rats treated with rTNF were significantly less than controls (P = 0.003). The anticachexia and antineoplastic effects of rTNF resulted in prolonged survival of TB rats treated with rTNF compared to control TB rats (P = 0.015). Experiment 2 utilized two different rTNF treatment regimens in TB rats: one group received 12 days of escalating doses of rTNF, and another group received 15 days of rTNF treatment. TB rats treated with rTNF again had a significantly greater food intake (P less than 0.00001) and delayed weight loss (P = 0.0001) posttreatment that was further augmented by additional doses of rTNF. Antineoplastic activity of rTNF was less clear, and overall tumor growth curves were not affected by rTNF treatment. Survival of TB rats treated with rTNF was again significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.006). Repeated administration of low doses of rTNF to TB rats induces mild reduction in tumor growth, tolerance to the cachectic effects of rTNF that results in tolerance to the cachectic effects of tumor, and prolongation of survival. JF - Cancer research AU - Sheppard, B C AU - Venzon, D AU - Fraker, D L AU - Langstein, H N AU - Jensen, J C AU - Norton, J A AD - Surgical Metabolism Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jul 01 SP - 3928 EP - 3933 VL - 50 IS - 13 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Index Medicus KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Random Allocation KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- complications KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Cachexia -- drug therapy KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Cachexia -- mortality KW - Cachexia -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79833774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Prolonged+survival+of+tumor-bearing+rats+with+repetitive+low-dose+recombinant+tumor+necrosis+factor.&rft.au=Sheppard%2C+B+C%3BVenzon%2C+D%3BFraker%2C+D+L%3BLangstein%2C+H+N%3BJensen%2C+J+C%3BNorton%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Sheppard&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Noninfectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants deficient in genomic RNA. AN - 79826898; 2191147 AB - All retroviruses contain, in the nucleocapsid domain of the Gag protein, one or two copies of the sequence Cys-X2-Cys-X4-His-X4-Cys. We have generated a series of mutants in the two copies of this motif present in human immunodeficiency virus type 1. These mutants encoded virus particles that were apparently composed of the normal complement of viral proteins but contained only 2 to 20% of the normal level of genomic RNA. No infectivity could be detected in the mutant particles, while 10(5) infectious U were present in an equivalent amount of wild-type particles. Thus, the mutants have another defect in addition to the inefficiency with which they encapsidate genomic RNA. Our results show that both copies of the motif are required for normal RNA packaging and for infectivity. Mutants of this type may have important applications, including nonhazardous materials for research, immunogens in vaccine and immunotherapy studies, and diagnostic reagents. JF - Journal of virology AU - Gorelick, R J AU - Nigida, S M AU - Bess, J W AU - Arthur, L O AU - Henderson, L E AU - Rein, A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 3207 EP - 3211 VL - 64 IS - 7 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 0 KW - RNA, Viral KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Gene Products, gag -- genetics KW - HeLa Cells KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Capsid -- genetics KW - Morphogenesis KW - Viral Core Proteins -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutation KW - Virus Replication KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - HIV-1 -- growth & development KW - RNA, Viral -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79826898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Noninfectious+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+mutants+deficient+in+genomic+RNA.&rft.au=Gorelick%2C+R+J%3BNigida%2C+S+M%3BBess%2C+J+W%3BArthur%2C+L+O%3BHenderson%2C+L+E%3BRein%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gorelick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456-67 [4705382] J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1558-68 [2926863] J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 25;256(16):8400-6 [6267042] Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497-500 [6200935] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1985;115:221-33 [2983943] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jan 24;14(2):623-33 [2418414] Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):485-7 [2421409] J Virol. 1986 Aug;59(2):284-91 [3016298] J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):450-9 [2430109] J Virol. 1987 May;61(5):1639-46 [3502707] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 15;263(5):2140-5 [2828360] J Virol. 1988 May;62(5):1808-9 [3357211] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1987;3(4):387-400 [2833915] J Virol. 1988 Aug;62(8):2587-95 [3292789] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3328-33 [2841485] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(22):8420-4 [3141927] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The site of an immune-selected point mutation in the transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 does not constitute the neutralization epitope. AN - 79823478; 2352323 AB - We previously reported the in vitro generation of a neutralization-resistant variant of the molecularly cloned isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HXB2D. The molecular basis for the resistance was shown to be a point mutation in the env gene, causing the substitution of threonine for alanine at position 582 of gp41. Here, we show the variant to be resistant to syncytium inhibition as well as to neutralization by the immune-selecting serum. Moreover, 30% of HIV-positive human sera able to neutralize the parental virus have significantly decreased ability to neutralize the variant. As the A-to-T substitution thus has general relevance to the interaction of HIV-1 with the host immune system, we investigated further the biologic and immunologic bases for the altered properties. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the 582 region failed to compete in infectivity, neutralization, or syncytium inhibition assays and did not elicit neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, human antibodies, affinity purified on synthetic peptide resins, bound to gp41 and peptides from the 582 region but did not possess neutralizing antibody activity. Some viral constructs in which the AVERY sequence in the 582 region was altered by site-directed mutagenesis were not infectious, indicating that the primary structure in this region is crucial for viral infectivity. Constructs predicted to possess a local secondary structure similar to that of the variant nevertheless behaved like the parental virus and remained neutralization sensitive. These results suggest that the requirements for neutralization resistance in this region are very precise. Our results with synthetic peptides show that the 582 region does not by itself constitute a neutralization epitope. Moreover, the degree of flexibility in amino acid substitution which allows maintenance of neutralization sensitivity suggests that position 582 does not form part of a noncontiguous neutralization epitope. The basis for neutralization resistance of the immune-selected variant is more likely a conformational change altering a neutralization epitope at a distant site. JF - Journal of virology AU - Wilson, C AU - Reitz, M S AU - Aldrich, K AU - Klasse, P J AU - Blomberg, J AU - Gallo, R C AU - Robert-Guroff, M AD - Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 3240 EP - 3248 VL - 64 IS - 7 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Antigens, Viral KW - 0 KW - HIV Antibodies KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp41 KW - Oligopeptides KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Base Sequence KW - HIV Antibodies -- immunology KW - Humans KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Oligopeptides -- immunology KW - Neutralization Tests KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutation KW - Protein Conformation KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - HIV-1 -- immunology KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp41 -- genetics KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp41 -- immunology KW - Antigens, Viral -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79823478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=The+site+of+an+immune-selected+point+mutation+in+the+transmembrane+protein+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+does+not+constitute+the+neutralization+epitope.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+C%3BReitz%2C+M+S%3BAldrich%2C+K%3BKlasse%2C+P+J%3BBlomberg%2C+J%3BGallo%2C+R+C%3BRobert-Guroff%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4478-82 [2454471] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(9):3198-202 [2452447] J Virol. 1988 Jun;62(6):2107-14 [2452899] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5225-9 [2455899] J Virol. 1989 Jun;63(6):2674-9 [2786089] Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):385-8, 340 [2542797] J Virol. 1988 Aug;62(8):2531-6 [3260630] Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1973;41(1):1-10 [4123810] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Cell. 1979 Oct;18(2):321-7 [227603] Infect Immun. 1981 Jun;32(3):1045-50 [6166562] J Mol Biol. 1982 May 5;157(1):105-32 [7108955] Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497-500 [6200935] J Biol Chem. 1984 Aug 25;259(16):10539-44 [6206055] J Mol Biol. 1984 Oct 15;179(1):125-42 [6502707] DNA. 1984 Dec;3(6):479-88 [6096101] Nature. 1985 Jul 4-10;316(6023):72-4 [2989707] Nature. 1985 Jul 18-24;316(6025):262-5 [2410792] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(14):4813-7 [2991896] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(15):5199-202 [2991911] Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759-62 [2992084] Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1556-9 [3006246] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):6159-63 [2426711] J Immunol. 1986 Nov 15;137(10):3306-9 [3639908] Nature. 1986 Dec 11-17;324(6097):572-5 [2431324] Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1392-5 [2431482] EMBO J. 1986 Nov;5(11):3065-71 [3466790] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9709-13 [2432599] J Virol. 1987 Feb;61(2):629-32 [3492611] J Virol. 1987 Jun;61(6):2024-8 [2437327] J Immunol. 1987 Jun 1;138(11):3731-6 [3495568] Science. 1987 Sep 11;237(4820):1351-5 [3629244] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1987 Fall;3(3):283-302 [3481271] Science. 1988 Feb 26;239(4843):1021-3 [2830667] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1932-6 [2450351] Cell. 1988 Jul 1;54(1):57-63 [2838179] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intravenous omeprazole in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome undergoing surgery. AN - 79794768; 1971604 AB - Twenty patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome who were undergoing surgery were studied prospectively to assess the efficacy and safety of IV omeprazole. During the preoperative period, in 19 of 20 patients, omeprazole 60 mg administered as an IV bolus every 12 hours inhibited acid output to less than 5 mEq/h measured in the last hour before the next dose of drug. In one patient, acid output was 25 mEq/h 12 hours after omeprazole, 60 mg, and increasing the dose to 100 mg every 12 hours reduced acid output to less than 5 mEq/h. During the operative and postoperative periods, IV omeprazole controlled gastric acid hypersecretion in all patients for up to 15 days. During this time, all patients received the dose determined preoperatively. No patient developed any clinical, hematological, or biochemical toxicity that could be attributed to omeprazole therapy during the preoperative or postoperative period. The present study demonstrates that omeprazole administered by IV bolus is safe and effective for controlling gastric acid hypersecretion. In contrast to IV histamine H2-receptor antagonists, IV omeprazole has the advantages of not requiring continuous infusion or postoperative dose adjustments. Intravenous omeprazole will become the drug of choice in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome undergoing surgery. JF - Gastroenterology AU - Vinayek, R AU - Frucht, H AU - London, J F AU - Miller, L S AU - Stark, H A AU - Norton, J A AU - Cederberg, C AU - Jensen, R T AU - Gardner, J D AU - Maton, P N AD - Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 10 EP - 16 VL - 99 IS - 1 SN - 0016-5085, 0016-5085 KW - Histamine H2 Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Omeprazole KW - KG60484QX9 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Prospective Studies KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Postoperative Period KW - Intraoperative Period KW - Male KW - Female KW - Histamine H2 Antagonists -- therapeutic use KW - Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome -- surgery KW - Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Omeprazole -- therapeutic use KW - Omeprazole -- administration & dosage KW - Gastric Acid -- secretion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79794768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Intravenous+omeprazole+in+patients+with+Zollinger-Ellison+syndrome+undergoing+surgery.&rft.au=Vinayek%2C+R%3BFrucht%2C+H%3BLondon%2C+J+F%3BMiller%2C+L+S%3BStark%2C+H+A%3BNorton%2C+J+A%3BCederberg%2C+C%3BJensen%2C+R+T%3BGardner%2C+J+D%3BMaton%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Vinayek&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gastroenterology&rft.issn=00165085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Gastroenterology 1990 Sep;99(3):905 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postverbal Word Order in Chinese AN - 58219966; 9103459 AB - The currently accepted view that Chinese cannot have two postverbal constituents is questioned. Counterexamples to earlier analyses are presented, showing that Mandarin does permit two postverbal constituents (C) in constructions other than the dative. It is shown that the surface structure condition cannot account for this. The principle of postverbal hierarchy (PPH) is proposed to explain the findings. It is proposed that the PPH is accounted for by the syntactic properties of the postverbal constituents - the more definite the nature of C, the closer it is to the verb (V). 24 References. B. Annesser Murray JF - Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale AU - Xu, Dan AD - Instit Linguistics Chinese Academy Social Science, 5 Jianguomen Nei Da Jie 5 Hao Beijing People's Republic China Y1 - 1990/07// PY - 1990 DA - July 1990 SP - 91 EP - 107 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0153-3320, 0153-3320 KW - Chinese multiple postverbal constituents, principle of postverbal hierarchy KW - Chinese (ch2) KW - Word Order (wo3a) KW - Theoretical Linguistics (th1a) KW - article KW - 4310: syntax; syntax UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58219966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cahiers+de+Linguistique+Asie+Orientale&rft.atitle=Postverbal+Word+Order+in+Chinese&rft.au=Xu%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=1990-07-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cahiers+de+Linguistique+Asie+Orientale&rft.issn=01533320&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - CLAOEB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chinese (ch2); Theoretical Linguistics (th1a); Word Order (wo3a) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasive adenylyl cyclase of Bordetella pertussis. Physical, catalytic, and toxic properties. AN - 79835725; 1693922 AB - A rapid two-step purification to homogeneity of the calmodulin-activated adenylyl cyclase from urea extracts of Bordetella pertussis organisms (strain 114) is described. Catalytic and invasive activities are purified 30- and 177-fold, respectively, and virtually no degraded forms are found. Specific activities are 0.4 mmol/min/mg and 0.5 mumol/mg of enzyme protein/mg of cell protein/min for catalytic and invasive activities, respectively. The 15 amino-terminal amino acids agree with those deduced from the DNA sequence, as does the molecular mass of 175 kDa (guanidine) or 177 kDa (urea) obtained by equilibrium sedimentation. The larger apparent molecular mass seen in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can be ascribed to anomalous migration. Half-maximal cyclase activation occurs at 3-4 X 10(-10) M calmodulin in the presence of Ca2+ and at 2 X 10(-8) M calmodulin in its absence. Ca2+ activation is maximal at 60-100 microM free CaCl2 (at low calmodulin concentrations), and free Ca2+ concentrations above approximately 125 microM are inhibitory at any calmodulin concentration. Extracellular Ca2+ is essential for intoxication. In Chinese hamster ovary cells, exogenous calmodulin does not inhibit penetration of the cyclase. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Gentile, F AU - Knipling, L G AU - Sackett, D L AU - Wolff, J AD - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 25 SP - 10686 EP - 10692 VL - 265 IS - 18 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Calmodulin KW - 0 KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine KW - TBT296U68M KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Animals KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Kinetics KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine -- pharmacology KW - Molecular Weight KW - Cell Line KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- isolation & purification KW - Bordetella pertussis -- enzymology KW - Bordetella pertussis -- pathogenicity KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- pharmacology KW - Calmodulin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79835725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Invasive+adenylyl+cyclase+of+Bordetella+pertussis.+Physical%2C+catalytic%2C+and+toxic+properties.&rft.au=Gentile%2C+F%3BKnipling%2C+L+G%3BSackett%2C+D+L%3BWolff%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gentile&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-06-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=10686&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of norepinephrine secretion in permeabilized PC12 cells by Ca2(+)-stimulated phosphorylation. Effects of protein phosphatases and phosphatase inhibitors. AN - 79833945; 2162346 AB - Protein phosphatases and phosphatase inhibitors were used to examine the role of protein phosphorylation in the regulation of norepinephrine secretion in digitonin-permeabilized PC12 cells. The addition of an exogenous type 2A protein phosphatase caused as much as a 70% decrease in Ca2(+)-dependent norepinephrine secretion. In the presence of okadaic acid, a potent inhibitor of type 2A protein phosphatases, phosphatase 2A had no effect on secretion. The addition of exogenous calcineurin, a Ca2(+)-calmodulin-stimulated phosphatase, also caused decrease in Ca2(+)-dependent secretion, but on a molar basis it was less effective than phosphatase 2A. Two phosphatase inhibitors, 1-naphthylphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, caused 75-100% increases in the amount of norepinephrine secreted in the absence of Ca2+ without affecting the amount of norepinephrine secreted in the presence of Ca2+. This stimulation of Ca2(+)-independent secretion by 1-naphthylphosphate and pyrophosphate suggests that there is a slow rate of Ca2(+)-independent phosphorylation and that phosphorylation triggers secretion. Unlike the results obtained in the presence of ATP, secretion in the presence of adenosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), ATP gamma S, was not affected by the addition of type 2A protein phosphatase or by the addition of phosphatase inhibitors. These results are consistent with secretion in these permeabilized cells being regulated by a Ca2(+)-stimulated phosphorylation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Wagner, P D AU - Vu, N D AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 25 SP - 10352 EP - 10357 VL - 265 IS - 18 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Diphosphates KW - 0 KW - Ethers, Cyclic KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Naphthalenes KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - naphthyl phosphate KW - 33881-88-8 KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - Protein Phosphatase 2 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Naphthalenes -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Diphosphates -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Ethers, Cyclic -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma KW - Rats KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases -- metabolism KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane Permeability KW - Cell Line KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Norepinephrine -- secretion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79833945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+norepinephrine+secretion+in+permeabilized+PC12+cells+by+Ca2%28%2B%29-stimulated+phosphorylation.+Effects+of+protein+phosphatases+and+phosphatase+inhibitors.&rft.au=Wagner%2C+P+D%3BVu%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-06-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=10352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Excess of seminomas observed in Vietnam service U.S. military working dogs. AN - 79807107; 2348468 AB - During the Vietnam War, US military working dogs served with their companion dog handlers in close proximity, sharing common exposures to war-related activity, many zoonotic infectious agents, chemical pesticides, phenoxy herbicides, and extensive use of therapeutic drugs. To gain insight into the effects of the Vietnam experience, we investigated the occurrence of neoplasms in military working dogs based on standard necropsy examination by the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. We observed that these dogs experienced significant elevated risks for testicular seminoma and, independently, testicular dysfunction. Experimental evidence shows testicular dysfunction and impaired spermatogenesis in laboratory animals exposed to phenoxy herbicides, dioxin, or tetracycline, and antibiotic used extensively in military working dogs in Vietnam. Because an unexplained significant decrease in sperm quality in Vietnam veterans has been observed by the Centers for Disease Control, further research is warranted if we are to clarify military service in Vietnam as a risk factor for testicular dysfunction. The testis should be made a priority site in the study of Vietnam experience-related cancers. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Hayes, H M AU - Tarone, R E AU - Casey, H W AU - Huxsoll, D L AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/20/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 20 SP - 1042 EP - 1046 VL - 82 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Tetracycline KW - F8VB5M810T KW - Index Medicus KW - Warfare KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Dogs KW - Vietnam -- epidemiology KW - Tetracycline -- adverse effects KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Dysgerminoma -- epidemiology KW - Testicular Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Dysgerminoma -- veterinary KW - Testicular Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Dysgerminoma -- chemically induced KW - Dog Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Dog Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79807107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Excess+of+seminomas+observed+in+Vietnam+service+U.S.+military+working+dogs.&rft.au=Hayes%2C+H+M%3BTarone%2C+R+E%3BCasey%2C+H+W%3BHuxsoll%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-06-20&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1042&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor radon and lung cancer in China. AN - 79805185; 2348467 AB - Radon has long been known to contribute to risk of lung cancer, especially in undergound miners who are exposed to large amounts of the carcinogen. Recently, however, lower amounts of radon present in living areas have been suggested as an important cause of lung cancer. In an effort to clarify the relationship of low amounts of radon with lung cancer risk, we placed alpha-track radon detectors in the homes of 308 women with newly diagnosed lung cancer and 356 randomly selected female control subjects of similar age. Measurements were taken after 1 year. All study participants were part of the general population of Shenyang, People's Republic of China, an industrial city in the northeast part of the country that has one of the world's highest rates of lung cancer in women. The median time of residence in the homes was 24 years. The median household radon level was 2.3 pCi/L of air; 20% of the levels were greater than 4 pCi/L. Radon levels tended to be higher in single-story houses or on the first floor of multiple-story dwellings, and they were also higher in houses with increased levels of indoor air pollution from coal-burning stoves. However, the levels were not higher in homes of women who developed lung cancer than in homes of controls, nor did lung cancer risk increase with increasing radon level. No association between radon and lung cancer was observed regardless of cigarette-smoking status, except for a nonsignificant trend among heavy smokers. No positive associations of lung cancer cell type with radon were observed, except for a nonsignificant excess risk of small cell cancers among the more heavily exposed residents. Our data suggest that projections from surveys of miners exposed to high radon levels may have overestimated the overall risks of lung cancer associated with levels typically seen in homes in this Chinese city. However, further studies in other population groups are needed to clarify the carcinogenic potential of indoor radon. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Blot, W J AU - Xu, Z Y AU - Boice, J D AU - Zhao, D Z AU - Stone, B J AU - Sun, J AU - Jing, L B AU - Fraumeni, J F AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/20/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 20 SP - 1025 EP - 1030 VL - 82 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Female KW - China KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Radon -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- adverse effects KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79805185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Indoor+radon+and+lung+cancer+in+China.&rft.au=Blot%2C+W+J%3BXu%2C+Z+Y%3BBoice%2C+J+D%3BZhao%2C+D+Z%3BStone%2C+B+J%3BSun%2C+J%3BJing%2C+L+B%3BFraumeni%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Blot&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-06-20&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Nov 7;82(21):1722-3 [2231762] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other viruses in malignancies associated with acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome. AN - 79803834; 2161462 JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Cremer, K J AU - Spring, S B AU - Gruber, J AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/20/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 20 SP - 1016 EP - 1024 VL - 82 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Genes, Viral KW - Herpesvirus 4, Human KW - Sarcoma, Kaposi -- etiology KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79803834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Role+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+and+other+viruses+in+malignancies+associated+with+acquired+immunodeficiency+disease+syndrome.&rft.au=Cremer%2C+K+J%3BSpring%2C+S+B%3BGruber%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cremer&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-06-20&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1016&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of chronic nicotine on cerebral glucose utilization in the rat. AN - 80023918; 2207631 AB - Effects of chronic nicotine on glucose utilization in 45 CNS regions were examined using the 2-deoxy-D-[1-14C]glucose technique in rats. Either L-nicotine (1.0 mg/kg) or saline was injected subcutaneously twice daily for 10 days and once the morning of day 11. On the following afternoon, rats received either nicotine challenge (0.3 mg/kg) or saline subcutaneously 2 min before an intravenous pulse of 2-deoxy-D-[1-14C]glucose. Drug-naive rats given nicotine challenge showed increases of glucose utilization in thalamic nuclei and components of the visual system. Tolerance to nicotine challenge in rats given nicotine chronically was seen in the ventral tegmental area, some components of visual pathways, the cerebellum, and vestibular nuclei; no regions showed sensitization. The percent of rats manifesting most nicotine-induced behaviors either increased (Straub tail, locomotor stimulation, tremors) or did not change (ataxia) over the 10 days of chronic treatment. Plasma from rats given nicotine chronically showed low concentrations of nicotine (12 +/- 1 ng/ml) and higher concentrations of cotinine (124 +/- 6 ng/ml) at the time of assay, with no apparent effect of chronic treatment on nicotine levels after the challenge dose. Changes in regional brain activity, as measured by the 2-deoxy-D-[1-14C]glucose technique, generally do not explain the observed sensitization to nicotine in behavioral assays. JF - Brain research AU - London, E D AU - Fanelli, R J AU - Kimes, A S AU - Moses, R L AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/06/18/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 18 SP - 208 EP - 214 VL - 520 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Cotinine KW - K5161X06LL KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Ataxia -- chemically induced KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cotinine -- blood KW - Organ Specificity KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Tremor -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Nicotine -- pharmacology KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Nicotine -- blood KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Deoxyglucose -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80023918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chronic+nicotine+on+cerebral+glucose+utilization+in+the+rat.&rft.au=London%2C+E+D%3BFanelli%2C+R+J%3BKimes%2C+A+S%3BMoses%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-06-18&rft.volume=520&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The formation of 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated lung tumors correlates with induction of cytochrome P450IA1 by the carcinogen in fetal but not adult mice. AN - 79858505; 2363175 AB - The administration of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) to pregnant mice results in the formation of lung tumors in the offspring. Previous work has shown that fetuses demonstrating inducibility of aryl hydrocarbon metabolism develop two to five times more lung tumors than induction-nonresponsive littermates. In this study, the effects of fetal versus adult MC exposure were compared with regard to both induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity (AHH) in lung and dependence of lung tumorigenesis on the Ah genotype. In inducible (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 fetal lung supernatants, a single ip injection of 100 mg/kg of MC to the mothers resulted in a maximal 50-fold induction of AHH activity by 8 hr, which persisted for 48 hr. The enzyme data agreed well with RNA blot analysis, as MC caused maximal induction of P450IA1 RNA by 4 hr. For comparison, adult (F1 X DBA/2) mice were given three weekly injections of 100 mg/kg MC and tumor incidences were determined after 16 weeks. No differences were observed between responsive and nonresponsive mice of either sex in the number of mice bearing lung tumors, nor did the tumor multiplicity differ between responsive and nonresponsive males. However, noninducible female mice had a significantly higher tumor multiplicity than their inducible counterparts (p less than 0.025). Single ip injections of MC to adult F1 mice revealed that lung AHH activity was increased only 4- to 7-fold in the adult animal compared to the large fetal induction ratio. The difference in the magnitude of induction was due to the higher constitutive levels of AHH activity seen in adult tissue (4- to 14-fold greater than maximal basal fetal levels), as fetal and adult supernatants showed similar levels of induced activity following MC treatment. These results suggest that the correlation between susceptibility to MC-initiated lung tumors and induction of cytochrome P450IA1 is a unique property of the fetus and may be due, in part, to the low basal levels of fetal activating enzymes and their high induction ratio during the fetal period. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Miller, M S AU - Jones, A B AU - Park, S S AU - Anderson, L M AD - Perinatal Carcinogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 235 EP - 245 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Mice KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Methylcholanthrene -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Fetus -- enzymology KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79858505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+formation+of+3-methylcholanthrene-initiated+lung+tumors+correlates+with+induction+of+cytochrome+P450IA1+by+the+carcinogen+in+fetal+but+not+adult+mice.&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+S%3BJones%2C+A+B%3BPark%2C+S+S%3BAnderson%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dolastatin 10, a powerful cytostatic peptide derived from a marine animal. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization mediated through the vinca alkaloid binding domain. AN - 79829999; 2353935 AB - Dolastatin 10, a cytostatic peptide containing several unique amino acid subunits, was isolated from the marine shell-less mollusk Dolabella auricularia (Pettit GR, Kamano Y, Herald CL, Tuinman AA, Boettner FE, Kizu H, Schmidt JM, Baczynskyj L, Tomer KB and Bontems RJ, J Am Chem Soc 109: 6883-6885, 1987). Since our preliminary studies demonstrated that dolastatin 10 inhibited tubulin polymerization and the binding of radiolabeled vinblastine to tubulin, an initial characterization of the properties of dolastatin 10 included a comparison to other antimitotic drugs interfering with vinca alkaloid binding to tubulin (vinblastine, maytansine, rhizoxin, and phomopsin A). Dolastatin 10 inhibited the growth of L1210 murine leukemia cells in culture, with a concordant rise in the mitotic index, and its IC50 value for cell growth was 0.5 nM. Comparable values for the other drugs were 0.5 nM for maytansine, 1 nM for rhizoxin, 20 nM for vinblastine, and 7 microM for phomopsin A. IC50 values were also obtained for the polymerization of purified tubulin in glutamate: 1.2 microM for dolastatin 10, 1.4 microM for phomopsin A, 1.5 microM for vinblastine, 3.5 microM for maytansine, and 6.8 microM for rhizoxin. Dolastatin 10 and vinblastine were comparable in their effects on microtubule assembly dependent on microtubule-associated proteins. Preliminary studies indicated that dolastatin 10, like vinblastine, causes formation of a cold-stable tubulin aggregate at higher drug concentrations. We confirmed that rhizoxin, phomopsin A, and maytansine also inhibit the binding of radiolabeled vinblastine and vincristine to tubulin. Dolastatin 10 and phomopsin A were the strongest inhibitors of these reactions, and rhizoxin the weakest. Dolastatin 10, phomopsin A, maytansine, vinblastine, and rhizoxin all inhibited tubulin-dependent GTP hydrolysis. The greatest inhibition of hydrolysis was observed with dolastatin 10 and phomopsin A, and the least inhibition with rhizoxin. JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Bai, R AU - Pettit, G R AU - Hamel, E AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 1941 EP - 1949 VL - 39 IS - 12 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Aziridines KW - Depsipeptides KW - Diamines KW - Oligopeptides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Thiazoles KW - Tubulin KW - Vinca Alkaloids KW - dolastatin 10 KW - 110417-88-4 KW - Vincristine KW - 5J49Q6B70F KW - dolastatin 1 KW - 79394-15-3 KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - DIAM 3 KW - 91489-41-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Vincristine -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Thiazoles -- pharmacology KW - Aziridines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Vinca Alkaloids -- pharmacology KW - Diamines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic -- pharmacology KW - Vinca Alkaloids -- metabolism KW - Tubulin -- metabolism KW - Oligopeptides -- pharmacology KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79829999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Dolastatin+10%2C+a+powerful+cytostatic+peptide+derived+from+a+marine+animal.+Inhibition+of+tubulin+polymerization+mediated+through+the+vinca+alkaloid+binding+domain.&rft.au=Bai%2C+R%3BPettit%2C+G+R%3BHamel%2C+E&rft.aulast=Bai&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a major keratinocyte cell envelope protein, loricrin. AN - 79823495; 2190691 AB - During epidermal cell cornification, the deposition of a layer of covalently cross-linked protein on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane forms the cell envelope. We have isolated and characterized cDNA clones encoding a major differentiation product of mouse epidermal cells, which has an amino acid composition similar to that of purified cell envelopes. Transcripts of this gene are restricted to the granular layer and are as abundant as the differentiation-specific keratins, K1 and K10. An antiserum against a C-terminal peptide localizes this protein in discrete granules in the stratum granulosum and subsequently at the periphery of stratum corneum cells. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy detect this epitope only on the inner surface of purified cell envelopes. Taken together, these results suggest that it is a major component of cell envelopes. On the basis of its presumed function, this protein is named loricrin. JF - Cell AU - Mehrel, T AU - Hohl, D AU - Rothnagel, J A AU - Longley, M A AU - Bundman, D AU - Cheng, C AU - Lichti, U AU - Bisher, M E AU - Steven, A C AU - Steinert, P M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 1103 EP - 1112 VL - 61 IS - 6 SN - 0092-8674, 0092-8674 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - Membrane Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - loricrin KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Amino Acids -- analysis KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Mice KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Cell Membrane -- analysis KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Animals, Newborn KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - Base Sequence KW - Restriction Mapping KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- analysis KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Keratinocytes -- cytology KW - Keratinocytes -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Membrane Proteins -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79823495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+major+keratinocyte+cell+envelope+protein%2C+loricrin.&rft.au=Mehrel%2C+T%3BHohl%2C+D%3BRothnagel%2C+J+A%3BLongley%2C+M+A%3BBundman%2C+D%3BCheng%2C+C%3BLichti%2C+U%3BBisher%2C+M+E%3BSteven%2C+A+C%3BSteinert%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Mehrel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell&rft.issn=00928674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M34398; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The LFA-1 ligand ICAM-1 provides an important costimulatory signal for T cell receptor-mediated activation of resting T cells. AN - 79823269; 1972160 AB - Functional studies demonstrate that T cell activation often requires not only occupancy of the TCR but costimulatory interactions of other molecules, which remain largely undefined. We have tested the hypothesis that LFA-1 interaction with its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54) (ICAM-1) is such a costimulatory interaction in a model system using biochemically purified ICAM-1 and TCR cross-linking by anti-CD3 mAb OKT3 immobilized on plastic. Resting T cells do not respond to OKT3 mAb immobilized on plastic. However ICAM-1 deposited on plastic together with the nonmitogenic immobilized OKT3 results in a potent activating stimulus. This costimulation cannot be readily accounted for by ICAM-1-mediated adhesion but is consistent with a role in signaling, which is observed in ICAM-1-mediated augmentation of activation induced by PMA/ionomycin. The ability of ICAM-1 to costimulate with immobilized CD3 contrasts with minimal costimulatory activity of cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-2, and IL-6. The proliferative response to co-immobilized OKT3 and ICAM-1 is dependent on the IL-2R, which is induced only in the presence of both OKT3 and ICAM-1. The present data demonstrate that LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction is a potent costimulus for TCR-mediated activation; this observation, interpreted in light of previous reports, suggests that LFA-1/ICAM-1 is of major physiologic importance as a costimulatory signal. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Van Seventer, G A AU - Shimizu, Y AU - Horgan, K J AU - Shaw, S AD - Experimental immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 4579 EP - 4586 VL - 144 IS - 12 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD3 KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte KW - Cell Adhesion Molecules KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion KW - Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 KW - 126547-89-5 KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Interleukin-6 -- pharmacology KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- physiology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction KW - Cell Adhesion KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Antigens, Differentiation -- physiology KW - Cell Adhesion Molecules -- physiology KW - Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79823269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=The+LFA-1+ligand+ICAM-1+provides+an+important+costimulatory+signal+for+T+cell+receptor-mediated+activation+of+resting+T+cells.&rft.au=Van+Seventer%2C+G+A%3BShimizu%2C+Y%3BHorgan%2C+K+J%3BShaw%2C+S&rft.aulast=Van+Seventer&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship between O6-methylguanine formation in Clara cells and induction of pulmonary neoplasia in the rat by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. AN - 79779020; 2340522 AB - The relationship between the formation of O6-methylguanine (O6MG) and the induction of lung, liver, and nasal tumors in the Fisher 344 rat by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) was examined in a dose-response study. Animals were treated for 20 wk (3 times/wk) with concentrations of NNK ranging from 0.03 to 50 mg/kg to induce tumors. Steady-state concentrations of O6MG were quantitated, and cytotoxicity was assessed in target cells and tissues after 4 wk of treatment with NNK. No cytotoxicity was detected in the lung during treatment with NNK. The formation of O6MG was greatest in Clara cells compared with macrophages, type II cells, small cells, and whole lung at all doses examined. The difference in adduct concentration between the Clara cell and other pulmonary cell types was most pronounced with low doses of carcinogen. The O6MG:dose ratio, an index of alkylation efficiency, increased 29-fold as the dose of NNK was decreased from 50 to 1 mg/kg of carcinogen. In contrast, only a small increase in alkylation efficiency was observed in type II cells and whole lung. A significant number of tumors were induced in the lung at doses of 0.1 to 50 mg/kg with incidences ranging from 10% at the lowest dose up to 87% in the group of animals which received 50 mg/kg of NNK. A linear relationship was observed when the concentration of O6MG in Clara cells as a function of dose was plotted against the corresponding tumor incidence. This relationship was not observed using DNA adduct concentrations in type II cells or whole lung. The development of pulmonary tumors appeared to involve the formation of alveolar hyperplasias which progressed to adenomas and finally to carcinomas. The majority of adenomas were solid, whereas carcinomas were mainly papillary. Examination of the ultrastructure of the hyperplasias, adenomas, and carcinomas revealed morphological structures (e.g., lamellar bodies, tubular myelin) which are associated with type II cells. Thus, these data suggest that the majority of neoplasms in the lung begin as type II cell proliferations with progression to adenomas and carcinomas within the areas of hyperplasia. The lack of agreement between biochemical and morphological findings makes it difficult to hypothesize a cell of origin for the pulmonary neoplasms. In contrast to the lung, tumors were induced in the liver and nasal passages only after exposure to high doses of NNK. Moreover, both the formation of DNA adducts and cytotoxicity appear obligatory for the generation of tumors in these tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Cancer research AU - Belinsky, S A AU - Foley, J F AU - White, C M AU - Anderson, M W AU - Maronpot, R R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 3772 EP - 3780 VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Nitrosamines KW - 0 KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone KW - 7S395EDO61 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - O-(6)-methylguanine KW - 9B710FV2AE KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- pathology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Metaplasia -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Nose Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Methylation KW - Cell Line KW - Male KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- drug effects KW - Nitrosamines -- pharmacology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- ultrastructure KW - Nitrosamines -- metabolism KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Guanine -- metabolism KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79779020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+between+O6-methylguanine+formation+in+Clara+cells+and+induction+of+pulmonary+neoplasia+in+the+rat+by+4-%28methylnitrosamino%29-1-%283-pyridyl%29-1-butanone.&rft.au=Belinsky%2C+S+A%3BFoley%2C+J+F%3BWhite%2C+C+M%3BAnderson%2C+M+W%3BMaronpot%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Belinsky&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3772&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manipulation of oxygen radical-scavenging capacity in mice alters host sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor toxicity but does not interfere with its antitumor efficacy. AN - 79777546; 2340500 AB - The role of oxygen free radicals in the toxicity and antitumor effect of tumor necrosis factor was investigated in vivo. Treatment of non-tumor-bearing mice and mice bearing methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas with bovine CuZn superoxide dismutase or recombinant human CuZn superoxide dismutase afforded significant protection to these mice from a subsequent challenge with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF). Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase increased survival rates, at 48 h after rhTNF injection, in non-tumor-bearing mice from 22 to 65% and in tumor-bearing mice from 25 to 79%. Protection from rhTNF toxicity was not associated with any reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of rhTNF against methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas in either s.c. or visceral sites (e.g., cure rates in mice bearing s.c. tumors which were treated with rhTNF without or with superoxide dismutase pretreatment were 18 and 39%, respectively). Furthermore, the administration of L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, to mice bearing s.c. tumors resulted in increased rhTNF toxicity but no improvement in therapeutic efficacy. Tumor necrosis factor toxicity is mediated by the release of oxygen free radicals, probably from activated neutrophils, but its antitumor effect in methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas is not dependent on their generation. JF - Cancer research AU - Hauser, G J AU - McIntosh, J K AU - Travis, W D AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 3503 EP - 3508 VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - 0 KW - Methionine Sulfoximine KW - 1982-67-8 KW - Buthionine Sulfoximine KW - 5072-26-4 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Liver Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- pharmacology KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Female KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- toxicity KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- therapeutic use KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- administration & dosage KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79777546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Manipulation+of+oxygen+radical-scavenging+capacity+in+mice+alters+host+sensitivity+to+tumor+necrosis+factor+toxicity+but+does+not+interfere+with+its+antitumor+efficacy.&rft.au=Hauser%2C+G+J%3BMcIntosh%2C+J+K%3BTravis%2C+W+D%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for in situ cervical cancer: results from a case-control study. AN - 79776176; 2340514 AB - A case-control study of 293 patients with in situ cervical cancer and 801 community controls was conducted between 1982 and 1984 in five geographic areas in the United States. Relative risk (RR) was elevated among women reporting multiple sexual partners (RR for greater than or equal to 5 partners = 5.0), a history of an abnormal Papanicolaou smear (RR = 5.0), interval since last Papanicolaou smear (RR for greater than or equal to 10-year interval versus 0- to 2-year interval = 4.1), use of oral contraceptives (RR for greater than or equal to 10 years use = 1.4), a history of nonspecific genital infection (RR = 2.6), and smoking (RR for current smokers = 1.9). Risk was low among diaphragm users (RR for greater than 2 years use = 0.5). Neither age at first coitus nor number of births was predictive of risk of in situ disease. Comparisons between this analysis and risk factors previously identified for invasive cervical cancer in this same study indicate that the risk factors were quite similar. JF - Cancer research AU - Jones, C J AU - Brinton, L A AU - Hamman, R F AU - Stolley, P D AU - Lehman, H F AU - Levine, R S AU - Mallin, K AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 3657 EP - 3662 VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Contraceptives, Oral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Population KW - United States KW - Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Fertility KW - Age Factors KW - Barrier Methods KW - Research Methodology KW - Population Dynamics KW - Sex Behavior KW - Contraceptive Methods KW - Developed Countries KW - Population Characteristics KW - Reproductive Behavior KW - Vaginal Barrier Methods KW - Demographic Factors KW - Diseases KW - Family Planning KW - North America KW - Americas KW - Case Studies KW - Vaginal Diaphragm KW - Cervical Cancer KW - Studies KW - Cancer KW - Age Distribution KW - Northern America KW - Neoplasms KW - Control Groups KW - Contraception KW - Behavior KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Risk Factors KW - Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Contraceptive Usage KW - Cultural Background KW - Biology KW - Contraceptives, Oral -- adverse effects KW - Regression Analysis KW - Humans KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Aged KW - Sexual Partners KW - Vaginal Smears -- utilization KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Infection -- complications KW - Papanicolaou Test KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma in Situ -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma in Situ -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79776176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Risk+factors+for+in+situ+cervical+cancer%3A+results+from+a+case-control+study.&rft.au=Jones%2C+C+J%3BBrinton%2C+L+A%3BHamman%2C+R+F%3BStolley%2C+P+D%3BLehman%2C+H+F%3BLevine%2C+R+S%3BMallin%2C+K&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The myelodysplastic syndromes: current approaches to therapy. AN - 79772901; 2187393 AB - To review the current therapeutic options for patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes. Studies reported between 1968 and September 1989 were identified through computer searches using MEDLINE and through extensive searching of bibliographies of identified articles. All articles, abstracts, and reviews were evaluated, and those that contained therapeutic data were analyzed for response rates, survival, and toxicity. Therapies for the myelodysplastic syndromes have included hormones, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, and differentiating agents, including hematopoietic growth factors. With the exception of bone marrow transplantation, none is curative or increases survival. Hematopoietic growth factors are of interest for clinical trials, because they increase the number of neutrophils and, occasionally, the number of platelets in patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes. Nonetheless, hematopoietic growth factors are not without toxicity; most notably, they are associated with a risk for acceleration to acute myeloid leukemia, and their effect on survival remains unknown. Standard therapy for the myelodysplastic syndromes is supportive care. When the disease progresses, patients with aggressive histologic or other poor-risk features should be considered for aggressive chemotherapy, with or without growth factors, or bone marrow transplantation. Patients with good prognostic features are candidates for therapy with growth factors or other potential differentiating agents. Carefully designed and conducted clinical trials that incorporate correlative laboratory science are essential to developing a more rational approach to therapy. JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Cheson, B D AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/06/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 15 SP - 932 EP - 941 VL - 112 IS - 12 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Hormones KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- drug therapy KW - Growth Substances -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Hormones -- therapeutic use KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Bone Marrow Transplantation KW - Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- therapy KW - Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79772901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=The+myelodysplastic+syndromes%3A+current+approaches+to+therapy.&rft.au=Cheson%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Cheson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-06-15&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=932&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A heat shock protein gene in Giardia lamblia unrelated to HSP70. AN - 20201870; 8726364 JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Aggarwal, A AU - de la Cruz, V F AU - Nash, T E AD - Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/11/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 11 SP - 3409 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Genes KW - Hsp70 protein KW - Giardia lamblia KW - Proteins KW - Heat shock KW - Nucleic acids KW - G 07790:Other Microorganisms KW - Q1 08185:Genetics and evolution KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08501:General KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20201870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=A+heat+shock+protein+gene+in+Giardia+lamblia+unrelated+to+HSP70.&rft.au=Aggarwal%2C+A%3Bde+la+Cruz%2C+V+F%3BNash%2C+T+E&rft.aulast=Aggarwal&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-06-11&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genes; Heat shock; Proteins; Nucleic acids; Heat shock proteins; Hsp70 protein; Giardia lamblia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Voltage-dependent sodium channels in synaptoneurosomes: studies with 22Na+ influx and [3H]saxitoxin and [3H]batrachotoxinin-A 20-alpha-benzoate binding. Effects of proparacaine isothiocyanate. AN - 79963859; 1697206 AB - 22Na+ influx and binding of [3H]saxitoxin ([3H]STX) and [3H]batrachotoxin-A 20-alpha-benzoate ([3H]BTX-B) were studied in guinea pig cerebral synaptoneurosomes. STX and tetrodotoxin (TTX) completely blocked the stimulation of sodium influx induced by 1 microM BTX. The IC50 values for STX and TTX closely matched the Ki values for inhibition of [3H]STX binding, suggesting that the sites labelled by [3H]STX are associated with a population of BTX-sensitive channels. BTX induced a dose-dependent stimulation of sodium influx in synaptoneurosomes (EC50 280 nM). The potency of BTX for stimulation of sodium influx was increased (EC50 24 nM) in the presence of 0.6 microgram/ml scorpion venom without any change in maximal influx. In contrast, specific binding of [3H]BTX-B to synaptoneurosomes was minimal in the absence of scorpion venom, but it was increased several fold in the presence of 60 micrograms/ml scorpion venom. With proparacaine isothiocyanate (PROPRIT), an irreversible local anesthetic, the inhibition of [3H]BTX-B binding by PROPRIT did not occur in parallel with an inhibition of sodium influx induced by BTX. Preincubation of synaptoneurosomes with 10 microM PROPRIT for 10 min resulted in approximately 70% inhibition of [3H]BTX-B binding in the presence of scorpion venom. Such preincubation did not alter BTX-induced sodium uptake in synaptoneurosomes. Preincubations of synaptoneurosomes with 100 microM PROPRIT for 10 min completely inhibited [3H]BTX-B binding, and under these conditions BTX-induced sodium influx was reduced only by 50%. The results indicate that virtual elimination of binding sites labeled by [3H]BTX-B in the presence of scorpion venom by PROPRIT has little effect on sodium influx induced by BTX.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Brain research AU - Gusovsky, F AU - Nishizawa, Y AU - Padgett, W AU - McNeal, E T AU - Rice, K AU - Kim, C H AU - Creveling, C R AU - Daly, J W AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/04/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 04 SP - 101 EP - 106 VL - 518 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Amphibian Proteins KW - 0 KW - Anesthetics, Local KW - Batrachotoxins KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Ion Channels KW - Neurotoxins KW - Receptors, Cholinergic KW - Sodium Channels KW - Sodium Radioisotopes KW - batrachotoxin receptor KW - saxitoxin-binding protein, Rana catesbeiana KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Saxitoxin KW - 35523-89-8 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - batrachotoxinin A 20-alpha-benzoate KW - 78870-19-6 KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - proxymetacaine KW - B4OB0JHI1X KW - Propoxycaine KW - EPD1EH7F53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Neurotoxins -- metabolism KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Kinetics KW - Isomerism KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Channels -- drug effects KW - Propoxycaine -- pharmacology KW - Synaptosomes -- drug effects KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Anesthetics, Local -- pharmacology KW - Sodium -- physiology KW - Batrachotoxins -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Saxitoxin -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Cholinergic -- metabolism KW - Ion Channels -- physiology KW - Saxitoxin -- metabolism KW - Synaptosomes -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79963859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Voltage-dependent+sodium+channels+in+synaptoneurosomes%3A+studies+with+22Na%2B+influx+and+%5B3H%5Dsaxitoxin+and+%5B3H%5Dbatrachotoxinin-A+20-alpha-benzoate+binding.+Effects+of+proparacaine+isothiocyanate.&rft.au=Gusovsky%2C+F%3BNishizawa%2C+Y%3BPadgett%2C+W%3BMcNeal%2C+E+T%3BRice%2C+K%3BKim%2C+C+H%3BCreveling%2C+C+R%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Gusovsky&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-06-04&rft.volume=518&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper and lower airway manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. AN - 85145870; pmid-2198162 AB - Patients with HIV infection can have a variety of infectious, neoplastic, and noninfectious but inflammatory processes that involve their upper or lower airways. Knowledge of these pathologic processes as well as a suitable diagnostic approach are essential to care effectively for these patients. JF - Ear, Nose, and Throat Journal AU - Ognibene, F P AD - Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren G, Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 424 EP - 431 VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85145870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.atitle=Upper+and+lower+airway+manifestations+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.&rft.au=Ognibene%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Ognibene&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States. AN - 85145616; pmid-2376242 AB - As of October 1989, there were more than 112,000 documented cases of AIDS and more than 1 million Americans were thought to be infected with HIV. Three primary routes of HIV transmission have been defined: sexual contact, parenteral exposure, and perinatal transmission. Epidemiologic surveillance studies provide important information about trends in HIV infection and AIDS among groups recognized to be at increased risk, various demographic subgroups, and the general population. As of this writing, the majority of reported cases have occurred among homosexual or bisexual men. However, a growing risk category involves intravenous drug users, as well as their sexual partners and their children. JF - Ear, Nose, and Throat Journal AU - Hamburg, M A AD - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 394 EP - 400 VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85145616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.atitle=The+epidemiology+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection+and+acquired+immunodeficiency+syndrome+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Hamburg%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Hamburg&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+Nose%2C+and+Throat+Journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal speech to three-month-old infants in the United States and Japan. AN - 85144126; pmid-2380270 AB - An American-Japanese comparison of maternal speech to 3-month-old infants is presented. Mother-infant dyads were videotaped in the laboratory, and the maternal speech was analysed by function and syntactic form. US mothers were more information-oriented than were Japanese mothers; they also used more question forms, especially yes/no questions. Japanese mothers were affect-oriented, and they used more nonsense, onomatopoeic sounds, baby talk, and babies' names. The differences between countries in maternal speech addressed to 3-month-olds appear to reflect characteristic culture-specific communicative styles as well as beliefs and values related to childrearing. JF - Journal of Child Language AU - Toda, S AU - Fogel, A AU - Kawai, M AD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 279 EP - 294 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0305-0009, 0305-0009 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85144126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Child+Language&rft.atitle=Maternal+speech+to+three-month-old+infants+in+the+United+States+and+Japan.&rft.au=Toda%2C+S%3BFogel%2C+A%3BKawai%2C+M&rft.aulast=Toda&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Child+Language&rft.issn=03050009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The DNA and Cu binding functions of ACE1 are interdigitated within a single domain. AN - 80324224; 2088504 AB - We present genetic and biochemical evidence that the amino-terminal region of ACE1, the activator of yeast Cu-metallothionein gene transcription, is composed of a single domain in which the DNA- and Cu-binding residues are interdigitated. Analysis of truncation mutants showed that both the DNA and Cu interactions functions of ACE1 are contained within an amino-terminal 101 amino acid peptide that can fold into a protease-resistant domain structure. Studies of point mutants revealed that two basic residues within this domain are required for efficient DNA binding although not for productive interaction with Cu. Mutations at these sites alter the specificity of ACE1 for two binding sites in the upstream activation region, both of which are shown to be necessary for efficient transcription in vivo. Systematic mutagenesis of the 12 cysteine residues in ACE1 showed that all 11 cysteines within the minimal DNA-binding domain are required for ACE1 to undergo a Cu-induced conformational switch into an active DNA-binding protein. A twelfth cysteine, located outside the DNA-binding domain, is not required for proper folding. The critical basic and cysteine residues of ACE1 are interdigitated, thereby providing an unusual example of overlapping small molecule and DNA binding functions within a directly regulated transcription factor. In contrast, the carboxyl-terminal region of ACE1 is shown to contain a constitutive trans-activation domain that is spatially distinct and functionally dissociable from the DNA- and Cu-binding domain. JF - The New biologist AU - Hu, S AU - Fürst, P AU - Hamer, D AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 544 EP - 555 VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - CUP1-1 protein, S cerevisiae KW - 0 KW - CUP2 protein, S cerevisiae KW - Carrier Proteins KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - copper thionein KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Mutation KW - Protein Conformation KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Binding Sites KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- chemistry KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Copper -- metabolism KW - Transcription Factors -- chemistry KW - Metallothionein -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80324224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=The+DNA+and+Cu+binding+functions+of+ACE1+are+interdigitated+within+a+single+domain.&rft.au=Hu%2C+S%3BF%C3%BCrst%2C+P%3BHamer%2C+D&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-29 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hispanics and illicit drug use: a review of recent findings. AN - 80195124; 2265869 AB - This manuscript presents a comprehensive assessment of the current illegal drug use problem among Hispanics by analyzing the recent findings on this subject. Information is provided on the prevalence of illegal drug use by drug type, age, and specific Hispanic group, and on the accessibility and availability of drug treatment facilities to Hispanics. The consequences of illegal drug use upon the well-being of Hispanics are discussed. Recommendations on additional research are made. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - De La Rosa, M R AU - Khalsa, J H AU - Rouse, B A AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 665 EP - 691 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Street Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Hispanic Americans -- statistics & numerical data KW - Hispanic Americans -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80195124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Hispanics+and+illicit+drug+use%3A+a+review+of+recent+findings.&rft.au=De+La+Rosa%2C+M+R%3BKhalsa%2C+J+H%3BRouse%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=De+La+Rosa&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compulsory treatment for drug abuse. AN - 80194860; 2265866 AB - Using research which shows treatment to be effective in reducing intravenous drug abuse, and the importance of retention in treatment as a determinant of outcome, compulsory treatment is examined and a set of policy and research recommendations are developed. Particularly, civil commitment and court diversion programs are reviewed for their potential impact on reducing the number of intravenous drug abusers at risk for contracting and transmitting the AIDS virus. Recommendations include the provision of: effective methods for detecting drug abusers, appropriate legal protections, systems linkages, treatment, and recognition that drug dependence is chronic. It is also suggested that available treatments such as methadone maintenance be used by the criminal justice system for referrals. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Leukefeld, C G AU - Tims, F M AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 621 EP - 640 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Commitment of Mentally Ill -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- rehabilitation KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80194860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Compulsory+treatment+for+drug+abuse.&rft.au=Leukefeld%2C+C+G%3BTims%2C+F+M&rft.aulast=Leukefeld&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frameshift and double-amber mutations in the bacteriophage T4 uvsX gene: analysis of mutant UvsX proteins from infected cells. AN - 80093960; 2146483 AB - The bacteriophage T4 uvsX gene encodes a 43 kDa, single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase, double-stranded DNA-binding protein involved in DNA recombination, repair and mutagenesis. Mutants of uvsX have a DNA-arrest phenotype and reduced burst size. Western blot immunoassay of UvsX peptides made by a number of amber mutants revealed amber peptides ranging from 25-32 kDa. Wild-type UvsX protein was also detected in lysates of cells infected with uvsX amber mutants, suggesting that their mutations are suppressed by translational ambiguity. We investigated the effects of mutations near the 5' end of uvsX. A frameshift mutation was engineered at codon 33. Western immunoblots for UvsX protein demonstrated that the frameshift mutant expresses no detectable wild-type UvsX; instead, a 37 kDa reactive peptide was detected. In order to determine if this peptide represents truncated UvsX protein, the mutation was regenerated in the cloned uvsX gene and expressed in transformed Escherichia coli. Endopeptidase digestion of the 37 kDa protein from the cloned gene generated peptide fragments indistinguishable from those obtained from wild-type UvsX. A double-amber mutant of uvsX was also generated by oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis. No UvsX protein was detected in lysates of cells infected with the uvsXam64am67 double mutant. Plaque size and sensitivity to UV inactivation for both the double-amber and the frameshift mutants were indistinguishable from those of other uvsX mutants. Mutations in uvsY had no demonstrable effect on efficiency of plating or UV sensitivity of uvsX mutants. Thus, null mutants of uvsX are viable. JF - Molecular & general genetics : MGG AU - Rosario, M O AU - Drake, J W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 112 EP - 119 VL - 222 IS - 1 SN - 0026-8925, 0026-8925 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Membrane Proteins KW - UvsX protein, Enterobacteria phage T4 KW - Viral Proteins KW - Adenosine Triphosphatases KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Blotting, Western KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutation KW - Molecular Weight KW - Viral Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- analysis KW - T-Phages -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Adenosine Triphosphatases -- analysis KW - Viral Proteins -- analysis KW - Genes, Viral KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Membrane Proteins -- analysis KW - T-Phages -- radiation effects KW - Adenosine Triphosphatases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80093960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+%26+general+genetics+%3A+MGG&rft.atitle=Frameshift+and+double-amber+mutations+in+the+bacteriophage+T4+uvsX+gene%3A+analysis+of+mutant+UvsX+proteins+from+infected+cells.&rft.au=Rosario%2C+M+O%3BDrake%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Rosario&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=222&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+%26+general+genetics+%3A+MGG&rft.issn=00268925&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Relationship between years of methamphetamine use and symptoms of methamphetamine psychosis]. AN - 80064458; 2222283 AB - The authors researched the demographic characteristics of 233 patients with methamphetamine-associated disorders, and the relation between years of methamphetamine use and symptoms of methamphetamine psychosis. The results were as follows: There were more male users than females. However there were signs that the female users were gradually increasing. Users tended to be older, but users in their 20's and 30's continued to be predominant. Their school careers were usually limited and most of them had left school at a young age. Relations with a particular social group (e.g. organized gangs) has given most of them a chance to use methamphetamine. The symptoms that were seen with high frequency at the first examination were anxiety, fretfulness, auditory hallucination, insomnia, irritability, psychomotor excitement, delusion of persecution, suspicion, delusion of reference, mistake of circumstance, loss of appetite, affective disorder, hypobulia and personality change. With these symptoms, there is a possibility that five years of methamphetamine use is the turning point in terms of the frequency of symptoms occurrence. It was suggested that affective and perceptual disorders depend on the dose of methamphetamine, but abnormalities in thought subject may be deeply influenced by the patient's "feeling of social wrong". Emotional exhilaration and euphoria decreased as the number of years of methamphetamine use increased. These phenomena may be an indication of tolerance. The symptoms that were seen with high frequency at the last examination were hypobulia, affective disorder, personality change, insomnia, anxiety and fretfulness. The symptoms that were highly resistant to treatment were hypobulia, affective disorder, personality change, general malaise, hypochondriasis, insomnia, anxiety and fretfulness. It was suggested that five years of methamphetamine use may be a turning point in the residual rate of symptoms at the last examination after treatment, and also the resistance rate to treatment. Hypobulia and personality change became more evident during treatment. JF - Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence AU - Wada, K AU - Fukui, S AD - Division of Drug Dependence and Psychotropic Drug Clinical Research, National Institute of Mental Health. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 143 EP - 158 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0389-4118, 0389-4118 KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - Index Medicus KW - Emotions KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Personality KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Social Environment KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Psychoses, Substance-Induced -- physiopathology KW - Psychoses, Substance-Induced -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80064458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arukoru+kenkyu+to+yakubutsu+izon+%3D+Japanese+journal+of+alcohol+studies+%26+drug+dependence&rft.atitle=%5BRelationship+between+years+of+methamphetamine+use+and+symptoms+of+methamphetamine+psychosis%5D.&rft.au=Wada%2C+K%3BFukui%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wada&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arukoru+kenkyu+to+yakubutsu+izon+%3D+Japanese+journal+of+alcohol+studies+%26+drug+dependence&rft.issn=03894118&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Japanese DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of 1,3-butadiene in rodents. AN - 80004504; 2205495 AB - A series of studies to further evaluate the developmental and reproductive toxicity of inhaled 1,3-butadiene was sponsored by the National Toxicology Program. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (24-28/group) and Swiss (CD-1) mice (18-22/group) were exposed to atmospheric concentrations of 0, 40, 200, or 1000 ppm 1,3-butadiene for 6 hr/day on days 6 through 15 of gestation (dg) and killed on dg 18 (mice) or dg 20 (rats). Subsequently, the uterine contents were evaluated; individual fetal body weights were recorded; and external, visceral, and skeletal examinations were performed. In rats, maternal toxicity was observed in the 1000-ppm group in the form of reduced extragestational weight gain and, during the first week of treatment, decreased body weight gain. Under these conditions, there was no evidence of developmental toxicity in rats. In contrast, results of the mouse developmental toxicity study indicated that the fetus may be more susceptible than the dam to inhaled 1,3-butadiene. Maternal toxicity was observed in mice at the 200- and 1000-ppm 1,3-butadiene exposure levels, whereas 40 ppm and higher concentrations of 1,3-butadiene caused significant exposure-related reductions in the mean body weights of male fetuses. Mean body weights of female fetuses were also reduced at the 200- and 1000-ppm exposure levels. No increased incidence of malformations was observed in either study. Other studies addressing male reproductive and mutagenesis end points were performed with B6C3F1 mice (sperm-head morphology) and Swiss (CD-1) mice (dominant lethal study).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Morrissey, R E AU - Schwetz, B A AU - Hackett, P L AU - Sikov, M R AU - Hardin, B D AU - McClanahan, B J AU - Decker, J R AU - Mast, T J AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 79 EP - 84 VL - 86 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Sperm Head -- drug effects KW - Sperm Head -- pathology KW - Genes, Dominant -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Genes, Lethal -- drug effects KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Butadienes -- administration & dosage KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80004504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Overview+of+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity+studies+of+1%2C3-butadiene+in+rodents.&rft.au=Morrissey%2C+R+E%3BSchwetz%2C+B+A%3BHackett%2C+P+L%3BSikov%2C+M+R%3BHardin%2C+B+D%3BMcClanahan%2C+B+J%3BDecker%2C+J+R%3BMast%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Morrissey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Stain Technol. 1981 Sep;56(5):271-3 [6171056] Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9 [3966163] Mutat Res. 1988 May;195(3):273-81 [3283543] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:71-3 [2401274] Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol. 1964 May 5;247:121-35 [14214585] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation toxicology of isoprene in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice following two-week exposures. AN - 80002507; 2401278 AB - Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) was selected for toxicologic evaluations because of its structural similarity to 1,3-butadiene, a potent rodent carcinogen. Two-week inhalation toxicology studies of isoprene were conducted in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice at exposure concentrations of 0, 438, 875, 1750, 3500, or 7000 ppm. For rats, there were no chemically related changes in survival, body weight gain, clinical signs, hematologic or clinical chemistry parameters, or gross or microscopic lesions. Exposure of mice to isoprene did not produce mortalities and only caused a decrease in body weight gain for male mice in the 7000 ppm exposure group; however, hematologic changes and microscopic lesions including testicular atrophy, olfactory epithelial degeneration, and forestomach epithelial hyperplasia were observed in isoprene-exposed mice. Similar toxicologic effects have been previously observed in B6C3F1 mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene. A species difference in susceptibility between rats and mice exposed to isoprene was evident in these short-term exposure studies. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Melnick, R L AU - Roycroft, J H AU - Chou, B J AU - Ragan, H A AU - Miller, R A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 93 EP - 98 VL - 86 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Hemiterpenes KW - Pentanes KW - isoprene KW - 0A62964IBU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Nasal Mucosa -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Nasal Mucosa -- drug effects KW - Stomach -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Stomach -- pathology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Blood Cells -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Butadienes -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Inhalation+toxicology+of+isoprene+in+F344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice+following+two-week+exposures.&rft.au=Melnick%2C+R+L%3BRoycroft%2C+J+H%3BChou%2C+B+J%3BRagan%2C+H+A%3BMiller%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Melnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Apr 30;99(4):1456-60 [7259787] J Pharmacol Methods. 1981 May;5(3):235-40 [7311561] Xenobiotica. 1982 Feb;12(2):137-44 [7090423] Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9 [3966163] Mutat Res. 1985 Apr-May;156(1-2):77-82 [3158813] Xenobiotica. 1985 Jul;15(7):591-7 [4049899] Toxicol Lett. 1985 Dec;29(1):33-7 [3841236] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Mar 30;83(1):95-100 [3952753] Toxicol Lett. 1987 Mar;36(1):9-14 [3564074] Environ Mutagen. 1987;9(3):235-50 [3569168] Mutagenesis. 1988 Mar;3(2):141-6 [3288837] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:27-36 [2401263] Arch Environ Health. 1969 Jun;18(6):878-82 [5770689] Br J Ind Med. 1970 Jan;27(1):1-18 [5418916] Life Sci. 1978 Jan;22(1):91-7 [564438] Mutat Res. 1979 Apr;66(4):367-71 [379632] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of prechronic and chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity experimental study designs and criteria used by the National Toxicology Program. AN - 80002407; 2205492 AB - Since the establishment of the National Toxicology Program (NTP), there have been gradual changes in strategies to evaluate the overall toxicity of chemicals as well as their carcinogenic potential. The spectrum of toxicologic information sought on selected chemicals has been broadened by the multidisciplinary approach to evaluating chemicals. This paper describes the scientific rationale and experimental processes used by NTP in designing studies. Also, an outline of current NTP protocols are given for prechronic and chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Chhabra, R S AU - Huff, J E AU - Schwetz, B S AU - Selkirk, J AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 313 EP - 321 VL - 86 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Environmental Health KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+prechronic+and+chronic+toxicity%2Fcarcinogenicity+experimental+study+designs+and+criteria+used+by+the+National+Toxicology+Program.&rft.au=Chhabra%2C+R+S%3BHuff%2C+J+E%3BSchwetz%2C+B+S%3BSelkirk%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chhabra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Lett. 1987 Oct 30;37(2):125-32 [3677049] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1987 Nov-Dec;9(6):427-43 [3325803] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Jan;10(1):2-19 [3280374] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Apr;10(3):385-94 [3286346] Toxicol Pathol. 1984;12(2):126-35 [11478313] Prog Exp Tumor Res. 1983;26:187-201 [6342045] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1983 Jan-Feb;5(1):91-117 [6190097] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Jul;12(1):1-19 [6631999] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984 Apr;72(4):929-40 [6584668] Environ Health Perspect. 1984 Dec;58:385-92 [6525993] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Feb;5(1):66-78 [3886467] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985 Nov;75(5):975-84 [3863995] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1986 Jun;6(2):155-70 [3726178] Cancer Res. 1987 Mar 1;47(5):1287-96 [3815340] Science. 1987 May 22;236(4804):933-41 [3554512] Annu Rev Public Health. 1987;8:355-85 [3555527] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1987 May;8(4):425-31 [3609532] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1987 May;8(4):432-42 [3111923] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation toxicology and carcinogenicity of 1,3-butadiene in B6C3F1 mice following 65 weeks of exposure. AN - 80002375; 2401263 AB - 1,3-Butadiene, a large-production volume chemical used mainly in the manufacture of synthetic rubber, was found to induce multiple-organ carcinogenicity in male and female B6C3F1 mice at exposure concentrations (625 and 1250 ppm) equivalent to and below the OSHA standard of 1000 ppm. Since this study was terminated after 60 weeks of exposure because of reduced survival due to fatal tumors, and because dose-response relationships for 1,3-butadiene-induced neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were not clearly established, a second long-term inhalation study of 1,3-butadiene in B6C3F1 mice was conducted at lower exposure concentrations, ranging from 6.25 to 625 ppm. Both the histopathological findings from animals dying through week 65 and the results of evaluations of animals exposed for 40 and 65 weeks are presented in this report. Exposure to 1,3-butadiene caused a regenerative anemia at concentrations of 62.5 ppm and higher. Testicular atrophy was induced at 625 ppm, and ovarian atrophy was observed at 20 ppm and higher. During the first 50 weeks of the study, lymphocytic lymphoma was the major cause of death of mice exposed to 625 ppm 1,3-butadiene. Neoplasms of the heart, forestomach, lung, Harderian gland, mammary gland, ovary, and liver were frequently observed in 1,3-butadiene-exposed mice that died between week 40 and week 65 of the study. Studies in which exposure to 1,3-butadiene was stopped after limited periods were also included to assess the relationship between exposure levels and duration of exposures on the outcome of 1,3-butadiene-induced carcinogenicity. In these studies, lymphocytic lymphomas were induced in male mice exposed to 625 ppm 1,3-butadiene for only 13 weeks. The incidence of lymphocytic lymphoma in male mice exposed to 625 ppm 1,3-butadiene for 26 weeks was two times that in mice exposed to 625 ppm for 13 weeks. However, when the exposure concentration was reduced by half to 312 ppm and the exposure duration extended to 52 weeks, the incidence of lymphocytic lymphoma was reduced by 90%. Thus, the multiple of the exposure concentration times the exposure duration did not predict the incidence of lymphocytic lymphoma in mice. The early mortalities resulting from lymphocytic lymphomas in male mice exposed to 625 ppm 1,3-butadiene limited the expression of tumors at other sites. A clearer dose-response for 1,3-butadiene-induced neoplasia should be apparent from experiments in mice exposed to lower concentrations of this chemical for 2 years. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Melnick, R L AU - Huff, J E AU - Roycroft, J H AU - Chou, B J AU - Miller, R A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 27 EP - 36 VL - 86 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Butadienes KW - Carcinogens KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Blood Cells -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Butadienes -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Inhalation+toxicology+and+carcinogenicity+of+1%2C3-butadiene+in+B6C3F1+mice+following+65+weeks+of+exposure.&rft.au=Melnick%2C+R+L%3BHuff%2C+J+E%3BRoycroft%2C+J+H%3BChou%2C+B+J%3BMiller%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Melnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1969 Jun;18(6):878-82 [5770689] Xenobiotica. 1982 Feb;12(2):137-44 [7090423] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Jan 30;80(2):298-305 [341894] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984 Jun;72(6):1449-56 [6374240] Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9 [3966163] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Mar 30;83(1):95-100 [3952753] Arch Toxicol. 1986 Apr;58(4):235-8 [3718226] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Jul;84(3):617-27 [3726881] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Nov;86(2):170-9 [3787617] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1987 May;48(5):407-13 [3591659] Am J Ind Med. 1987;12(3):311-29 [3674024] Virology. 1987 Dec;161(2):457-62 [2825417] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:155-8 [2401254] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1983;106(2):112-6 [6630281] Toxicol Pathol. 1984;12(2):126-35 [11478313] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1966 Dec;37(6):825-38 [5955045] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:11-8 [2401251] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:107-17 [2401250] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:37-48 [2401271] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:57-63 [2401272] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1963 Jul;31:41-55 [14043038] Mutat Res. 1979 Apr;66(4):367-71 [379632] Toxicol Lett. 1980 Aug;6(3):125-30 [6996220] J Occup Med. 1976 Mar;18(3):178-85 [1255279] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of NTP-sponsored mouse cytogenetic studies on 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene. AN - 80002053; 2401274 AB - Studies were conducted to determine the cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of 1,3-butadiene and two structural analogs, chloroprene and isoprene, in the bone marrow cells of B6C3F1 mice exposed to the chemicals by inhalation. In one study, animals were exposed to 1,3-butadiene concentrations of 6.25, 62.5, or 625 ppm 6 hr/day on 10 exposure days and in the second study, to the same concentrations on weekdays for 13 weeks. Chloroprene and isoprene treatments involved 6 hr/day exposures on 12 exposure days at concentrations of 0, 12, 32, 80, and 200 ppm for chloroprene and 0, 438, 1750, and 7000 ppm for isoprene. In the 10-day study, 1,3-butadiene induced significant increases in sister chromatid exchange (SCE) at 6.25 ppm, micronuclei at 62.5 ppm, and chromosomal aberrations at 625 ppm. In the 13-week study, the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood was significantly elevated in all exposure groups including the 6.25-ppm group. Isoprene induced both SCE and micronuclei, whereas chloroprene gave negative results for all cytogenetic end points assessed in bone marrow cells. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Shelby, M D AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 71 EP - 73 VL - 86 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Hemiterpenes KW - Mutagens KW - Pentanes KW - isoprene KW - 0A62964IBU KW - Chloroprene KW - 126-99-8 KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mice KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Butadienes -- pharmacology KW - Chloroprene -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80002053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Results+of+NTP-sponsored+mouse+cytogenetic+studies+on+1%2C3-butadiene%2C+isoprene%2C+and+chloroprene.&rft.au=Shelby%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Shelby&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Toxicol. 1979 Feb 23;41(4):249-77 [373707] Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9 [3966163] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Mar 30;83(1):95-100 [3952753] Environ Mutagen. 1987;9(3):235-50 [3569168] Mutat Res. 1988 May;195(3):273-81 [3283543] Mutagenesis. 1988 Mar;3(2):141-6 [3288837] Mutagenesis. 1986 Nov;1(6):449-52 [3331684] Mutat Res. 1988 Nov-Dec;209(3-4):171-6 [3193981] Mutat Res. 1979 Aug;67(4):377-81 [113678] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in mice. Induction by a single eliciting event and dependence on quantitative parameters of immunization. AN - 79989311; 2397017 AB - Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in the mouse is a recently developed model of ocular autoimmunity. Dependence of disease induction on qualitative and quantitative parameters of immunization was studied in B10.A mice immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP). It was found that use of Bordetella pertussis adjuvant as well as its mode of preparation was of critical importance for disease induction; no disease was induced if pertussis adjuvant was omitted. The minimal effective protocol for EAU induction when the vaccine form of B. pertussis adjuvant was used consisted of pretreatment with cyclophosphamide, two divided doses of IRBP in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and two divided doses of B. pertussis vaccine. Any reduction in the immunization schedule resulted in reduced incidence of disease. In contrast, substituting purified B. pertussis toxin (PTX) for the vaccine allowed reduction of the immunization schedule to a single dose of IRBP in CFA and omission of the cyclophosphamide pretreatment. Severity and incidence of disease could be quantitatively controlled by varying the respective doses of IRBP and PTX. In addition, a chronic or an acute clinical course of EAU could be obtained by using either a low-dose or a high-dose immunization, respectively. Establishment of a single dose induction protocol and the quantitation of the immunopathogenic response as a function of the variables of immunization lay the foundation for the further development and utilization of this promising model of ocular autoimmunity. JF - Journal of autoimmunity AU - Caspi, R R AU - Chan, C C AU - Leake, W C AU - Higuchi, M AU - Wiggert, B AU - Chader, G J AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 237 EP - 246 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0896-8411, 0896-8411 KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic KW - 0 KW - Eye Proteins KW - Pertussis Vaccine KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins KW - interstitial retinol-binding protein KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic KW - Pertussis Vaccine -- administration & dosage KW - Mice KW - Immunization Schedule KW - Male KW - Female KW - Retinitis -- pathology KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins -- immunology KW - Retinitis -- immunology KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- pathology KW - Immunization -- methods KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Retinitis -- chemically induced KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79989311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+autoimmunity&rft.atitle=Experimental+autoimmune+uveoretinitis+in+mice.+Induction+by+a+single+eliciting+event+and+dependence+on+quantitative+parameters+of+immunization.&rft.au=Caspi%2C+R+R%3BChan%2C+C+C%3BLeake%2C+W+C%3BHiguchi%2C+M%3BWiggert%2C+B%3BChader%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Caspi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+autoimmunity&rft.issn=08968411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathology of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in mice. AN - 79988793; 2397018 AB - The histopathology and immunopathology of murine experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) following active immunization with the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) were studied. The methods used included conventional light microscopy and immunoperoxidase staining. Lesions were located mainly in the uvea and the retina and were characteristically focal. The prominent histopathologic findings in the retina were vasculitis, granuloma, retinal fold, focal serous detachment, and loss of photoreceptors. Granulomas, formation of Dalen-Fuchs nodules, inflammatory cellular infiltration and increase in the thickness of the choroid and ciliary body were frequent findings. Subretinal neovascularization occurred in 10% of the experimental animals. Mild to moderate inflammation was also noted in the vitreous. The predominant infiltrating cells in the retinal and uveal granuloma and the Dalen-Fuchs nodules were macrophages. In contrast, the predominant infiltrating cell types in the vitreous were T helper/inducer lymphocytes. T suppressor/cytotoxic cells were rarely seen. Expression of Ia antigens on the ocular cells was confined to the immediate area of the inflammatory sites. The kinetics of histopathology showed two peaks at the 5th and 10th week after immunization, suggesting a relapsing course of the disease. JF - Journal of autoimmunity AU - Chan, C C AU - Caspi, R R AU - Ni, M AU - Leake, W C AU - Wiggert, B AU - Chader, G J AU - Nussenblatt, R B AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 247 EP - 255 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0896-8411, 0896-8411 KW - Eye Proteins KW - 0 KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins KW - interstitial retinol-binding protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Macrophages KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Retinal Neovascularization -- pathology KW - Vitreous Body -- pathology KW - Kinetics KW - Vitreous Body -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Inflammation -- immunology KW - Retinal Neovascularization -- immunology KW - Immunization KW - Female KW - Retinitis -- pathology KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins -- immunology KW - Retinitis -- immunology KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- pathology KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Retinitis -- chemically induced KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79988793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+autoimmunity&rft.atitle=Pathology+of+experimental+autoimmune+uveoretinitis+in+mice.&rft.au=Chan%2C+C+C%3BCaspi%2C+R+R%3BNi%2C+M%3BLeake%2C+W+C%3BWiggert%2C+B%3BChader%2C+G+J%3BNussenblatt%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+autoimmunity&rft.issn=08968411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. AN - 79906107; 2198159 AB - As the number of patients requiring treatment for HIV-1 infection has increased, there has been increasing concern among health-care providers regarding the risks of occupational infection. Fortunately, this risk is low and may be made lower by adherence to infection-control guidelines. The incidence of occupational infection with HIV-1, risk of transmission in the occupational setting, guidelines regarding the handling and contact with infected blood and body fluids, and the approach to the occupationally exposed worker are reviewed. JF - Ear, nose, & throat journal AU - Polis, M A AD - Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 401 EP - 405 VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Health Manpower UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79906107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.atitle=Occupational+transmission+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus.&rft.au=Polis%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Polis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of the P450 gene superfamily: animal-plant 'warfare', molecular drive and human genetic differences in drug oxidation. AN - 79885069; 2196721 AB - Drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as those encoded by the cytochrome P450 genes, are noted for their high degree of interspecies and intraspecies variability. We believe that much of this diversity is the result of continuous molecularly driven coevolution of plants producing phytoalexins and animals responding with new enzymes to detoxify these chemicals. One consequence of human P450 gene evolution is polymorphism in drug metabolism, leading to marked differences in the response of individuals to the toxic and carcinogenic effects of drugs and other environmental chemicals. JF - Trends in genetics : TIG AU - Gonzalez, F J AU - Nebert, D W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 182 EP - 186 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0168-9525, 0168-9525 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Debrisoquin KW - X31CDK040E KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Debrisoquin -- metabolism KW - Gene Frequency KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Plants -- genetics KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Biological Evolution KW - Multigene Family KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79885069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+genetics+%3A+TIG&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+the+P450+gene+superfamily%3A+animal-plant+%27warfare%27%2C+molecular+drive+and+human+genetic+differences+in+drug+oxidation.&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+F+J%3BNebert%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+genetics+%3A+TIG&rft.issn=01689525&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute depression from isotretinoin. AN - 79881477; 2142496 JF - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology AU - Scheinman, P L AU - Peck, G L AU - Rubinow, D R AU - DiGiovanna, J J AU - Abangan, D L AU - Ravin, P D AD - Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 1112 EP - 1114 VL - 22 IS - 6 Pt 1 SN - 0190-9622, 0190-9622 KW - Isotretinoin KW - EH28UP18IF KW - Index Medicus KW - Skin Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Acute Disease KW - Headache -- chemically induced KW - Acne Vulgaris -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Isotretinoin -- administration & dosage KW - Isotretinoin -- adverse effects KW - Depression -- diagnosis KW - Depression -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79881477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Acute+depression+from+isotretinoin.&rft.au=Scheinman%2C+P+L%3BPeck%2C+G+L%3BRubinow%2C+D+R%3BDiGiovanna%2C+J+J%3BAbangan%2C+D+L%3BRavin%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Scheinman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6+Pt+1&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.issn=01909622&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991 Jul;25(1 Pt 1):132 [1831820] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcium channel blockers protect against ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxyethanol)-induced testicular toxicity. AN - 79876494; 2369934 AB - Disruption of normal calcium homeostasis has been implicated in the development of cell injury by certain chemicals. Furthermore, calcium channel blockers, which may prevent such a disruption, were shown to protect against this type of cellular damage in some excitable and nonexcitable tissues. Therefore, the present work was designed to address the role of calcium in the pachytene cell death caused by ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) by investigating the effect of the calcium channel blockers, verapamil and diltiazem, on the pathogenesis of such lesions. Male F344 rats were treated with a single gavage dose of 200 or 300 mg EGME/kg. Other groups of rats were treated with the same doses of EGME in combination with one, two, three, or four doses of verapamil or diltiazem. Twenty-four hours after administration of EGME, the animals were sacrificed, and the left testis and epididymis were excised, fixed in Bouin's solution, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with PAS-H. The sections were evaluated "blind" and scored for the number of lesioned stage XIV tubules. At 200 mg/kg, EGME produced a moderately severe lesion as characterized by pachytene spermatocyte cell death in stage XIV semniferous tubules. Verapamil was protective against this lesion with the protection being directly proportional to the number of verapamil doses administered and was maximum in rats treated with three doses. At 300 mg/kg, EGME caused a severe lesion in the testis, and verapamil was not as effective in protecting against this lesion as against the low dose of EGME. In contrast, diltiazem was not as effective as verapamil at either dose of EGME. These studies show, for the first time, that verapamil protects rats against EGME-induced testicular toxicity. JF - Experimental and molecular pathology AU - Ghanayem, B I AU - Chapin, R E AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 279 EP - 290 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0014-4800, 0014-4800 KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - 0 KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - Verapamil KW - CJ0O37KU29 KW - Diltiazem KW - EE92BBP03H KW - methyl cellosolve KW - EK1L6XWI56 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Diltiazem -- pharmacology KW - Verapamil -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Ethylene Glycols -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Calcium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79876494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.atitle=Calcium+channel+blockers+protect+against+ethylene+glycol+monomethyl+ether+%282-methoxyethanol%29-induced+testicular+toxicity.&rft.au=Ghanayem%2C+B+I%3BChapin%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Ghanayem&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.issn=00144800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dermatological findings in children exposed transplacentally to heat-degraded polychlorinated biphenyls in Taiwan. AN - 79875797; 2142435 AB - We studied 128 children who were transplacentally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans in Taiwan, their parents and siblings who were directly exposed, and 115 control children. Direct exposure of the mothers stopped in 1979 and the children were born as late as 1985. At birth, exposed children had increased rates of hyperpigmentation, eyelid swelling and discharge, deformed nails, acne, natal teeth and swollen gums compared to controls. On examination, they had a much higher rate of dystrophic finger-nails and pigmented or dystrophic toe-nails than controls. They also had an increased rate of hyperpigmentation and acne. In addition they had more generalized itching, localized skin infections and hair loss. The findings seen in transplacentally exposed children differ from those seen in people directly exposed, particularly in the latter group in higher prevalence of acne. JF - The British journal of dermatology AU - Gladen, B C AU - Taylor, J S AU - Wu, Y C AU - Ragan, N B AU - Rogan, W J AU - Hsu, C C AD - Statistics and Biomathematics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 799 EP - 808 VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0007-0963, 0007-0963 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Gingiva -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Skin Pigmentation -- drug effects KW - Child KW - Acne Vulgaris -- chemically induced KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pregnancy KW - Hair -- drug effects KW - Infant KW - Eyelids -- drug effects KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Natal Teeth KW - Nails, Malformed -- chemically induced KW - Skin Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79875797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+journal+of+dermatology&rft.atitle=Dermatological+findings+in+children+exposed+transplacentally+to+heat-degraded+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+Taiwan.&rft.au=Gladen%2C+B+C%3BTaylor%2C+J+S%3BWu%2C+Y+C%3BRagan%2C+N+B%3BRogan%2C+W+J%3BHsu%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Gladen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+British+journal+of+dermatology&rft.issn=00070963&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmaceutical usefulness of hydroxypropylcyclodextrins: "e pluribus unum" is an essential feature. AN - 79863703; 2367328 AB - A series of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins was prepared by a method that leads to a preferential substitution on the secondary hydroxyls, mainly O-2, of beta-cyclodextrin with (S)-2-hydroxypropyl groups. The series consisted of mixtures of compounds with average degrees of substitution of 8, 3, and 1.6 and of a specially isolated monosubstituted compound; thus, the number of components progressively decreased in this series. The crystallinity in the series increased progressively, the first member being fully amorphous and the last one fully crystalline. All members of the series formed clear aqueous solutions at concentrations of greater than 50.0, 2.0, 0.6, and 0.3%, respectively. Therefore, pharmaceutically useful hydroxypropylcyclodextrin preparations are those containing a large number of chemically individual compounds--a feature resulting in an amorphous state and high water solubility. JF - Pharmaceutical research AU - Rao, C T AU - Fales, H M AU - Pitha, J AD - NIA/GRC, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 612 EP - 615 VL - 7 IS - 6 SN - 0724-8741, 0724-8741 KW - Cyclodextrins KW - 0 KW - Dextrins KW - Excipients KW - beta-Cyclodextrins KW - Starch KW - 9005-25-8 KW - betadex KW - JV039JZZ3A KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Solubility KW - Chemistry KW - Spectrum Analysis KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Cyclodextrins -- chemical synthesis KW - Starch -- chemical synthesis KW - Dextrins -- chemical synthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79863703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmaceutical+research&rft.atitle=Pharmaceutical+usefulness+of+hydroxypropylcyclodextrins%3A+%22e+pluribus+unum%22+is+an+essential+feature.&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+T%3BFales%2C+H+M%3BPitha%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmaceutical+research&rft.issn=07248741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity of human carcinogens in the Salmonella and rodent bone-marrow cytogenetics tests. AN - 79863189; 2366790 JF - Mutation research AU - Shelby, M D AU - Zeiger, E AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 257 EP - 261 VL - 234 IS - 3-4 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bone Marrow Cells KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Rodentia KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79863189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Activity+of+human+carcinogens+in+the+Salmonella+and+rodent+bone-marrow+cytogenetics+tests.&rft.au=Shelby%2C+M+D%3BZeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Shelby&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=234&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of sulfhydryl metabolism in tolerance to cadmium in testicular cells. AN - 79857898; 2360205 AB - Cadmium (Cd)-induced acute testicular toxicity and testicular interstitial cell (IC) tumors can be prevented by low-dose Cd pretreatment. The mechanism of this self-tolerance is unknown. In this regard glutathione (GSH) may play a role in protecting cells from damage by Cd. Therefore, possible mechanisms of self tolerance to Cd in ICs were investigated with emphasis on sulfhydryl metabolism. Rats were pretreated with low-dose Cd (3.0 mumol/kg, sc). Such low-dose Cd pretreatment prevented the necrotizing effects of normally testopathic doses of Cd (20.0 mumol/kg, sc) given 24 hr later. ICs were isolated by collagenase dispersion 24 hr after pretreatment and incubated with Cd (1.0 mM) for 1 hr. In vivo Cd-pretreatment alone increased GSH levels (as determined by HPLC) of whole cells (17%) and cytosol (17%) compared to nonpretreated control. When ICs from nonpretreated rats were exposed to Cd in vitro, GSH in whole cells declined 8% compared to nonpretreated control and 21% compared to cells from in vivo Cd-pretreated rats. In ICs isolated from pretreated rats and exposed to Cd in vitro, GSH levels were normal in whole cells and slightly increased in cytosol. In whole testes low-dose Cd reduced GSH overall, both in cytosol (34%) and in nuclei (14%). Changes in cysteine levels were also seen, similar to those of GSH in whole ICs and cytosol. Neither low-dose in vivo Cd-pretreatment nor in vitro Cd exposure greatly altered levels of the low Mr testicular Cd-binding proteins as assessed by electrophoresis. These results indicate that sulfhydryl metabolism, specifically increased GSH, may be a factor in self tolerance to Cd in ICs. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Wahba, Z Z AU - Hernandez, L AU - Issaq, H J AU - Waalkes, M P AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 157 EP - 166 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - 0 KW - cadmium-binding protein KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cysteine -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- analysis KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Metallothionein -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Testis -- ultrastructure KW - Testis -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79857898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+sulfhydryl+metabolism+in+tolerance+to+cadmium+in+testicular+cells.&rft.au=Wahba%2C+Z+Z%3BHernandez%2C+L%3BIssaq%2C+H+J%3BWaalkes%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Wahba&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pancreatic hepatocytes in Fischer and Wistar rats induced by repeated injections of cadmium chloride. AN - 79857826; 2360204 AB - The effects of multiple sc injections of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the pancreas of two rat strains (Wistar [WF/NCr] and Fischer [F344/NCr]) were studied by histological and immunohistochemical examinations. A high incidence of hepatocytic foci occurred within the pancreata of both strains that was associated with this cadmium exposure. Although pancreatic hepatocytes (PH) were found in both strains, Wistar rats were more susceptible to cadmium-induced PH formation while showing more tolerance to cadmium in general. The highest incidence of PH was 93% in Wistar rats and 50% in Fisher rats. Dose-related increases in incidence of PH occurred at levels of 360-513 mumol Cd/kg. Number of PH foci/rat correlated well with PH incidence. By avidin-biotin immunohistochemistry, PH exhibited rat albumen and a gap junction protein (Connexin32) found in hepatocytes. PH were frequently seen along with pancreatic acinar atrophy (fatty replacement) and interstitial fibrosis. Thus, it appears that cadmium must be considered one of the most efficacious agents for production of PH within the rat pancreas. The ability of cadmium to induce this transdifferentiation is also clearly dose and strain related. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Konishi, N AU - Ward, J M AU - Waalkes, M P AD - Tumor Pathology Section, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 149 EP - 156 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Cadmium Chloride KW - J6K4F9V3BA KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Fibrosis KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Metaplasia -- chemically induced KW - Atrophy KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Pancreas -- pathology KW - Rats, Inbred Strains -- physiology KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Pancreas -- cytology KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Pancreas -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred F344 -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79857826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Pancreatic+hepatocytes+in+Fischer+and+Wistar+rats+induced+by+repeated+injections+of+cadmium+chloride.&rft.au=Konishi%2C+N%3BWard%2C+J+M%3BWaalkes%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Konishi&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pursuing the structure and function of voltage-gated channels. AN - 79856088; 1694324 AB - A cyclical process of experimentation and theoretical analysis is being used to develop increasingly precise models of the structure and functional mechanisms of membrane proteins. Nucleic acid sequences have been determined for several voltage-gated sodium, calcium and potassium channels from invertebrates and vertebrates and from nerve and muscle tissues. Some of these sequences have been altered using site-directed mutagenesis. Properties of channels expressed after injection of normal and altered mRNA into Xenopus oocytes have been analysed by a variety of patch-clamp techniques. Preliminary structural models based on the first sequence information on sodium channels need to be modified to account for a large amount of new data. Here, Robert Guy and Franco Conti present their current view of the activation mechanism and ion selectivity of the voltage-gated channels. JF - Trends in neurosciences AU - Guy, H R AU - Conti, F AD - Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 201 EP - 206 VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 0166-2236, 0166-2236 KW - Ion Channels KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Models, Molecular KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Ion Channels -- analysis KW - Models, Neurological KW - Ion Channels -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79856088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+neurosciences&rft.atitle=Pursuing+the+structure+and+function+of+voltage-gated+channels.&rft.au=Guy%2C+H+R%3BConti%2C+F&rft.aulast=Guy&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+neurosciences&rft.issn=01662236&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of MeCh, thapsigargin, and La3+ on plasmalemmal and intracellular Ca2+ transport in lacrimal acinar cells. AN - 79851928; 2360617 AB - The Ca2(+)-mobilizing actions of the muscarinic receptor agonist, methacholine (MeCh), and the microsomal Ca2+ pump inhibitor, thapsigargin, were investigated in lacrimal acinar cells. As previously shown for parotid cells (J. Biol. Chem. 264: 12266-12271, 1989), thapsigargin activates both internal Ca2+ release and Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space without increasing cellular inositol phosphates. The inorganic Ca2+ antagonist La3+ inhibited MeCh- or thapsigargin-activated Ca2+ entry. However, when added before MeCh or thapsigargin, La3+ inhibited the extrusion of Ca2+ at the plasma membrane. This phenomenon was exploited in protocols designed to investigate the pathways for filling agonist-sensitive Ca2+ stores in lacrimal cells. The results show that, in contrast to previous suggestions that external Ca2+ is required to replenish agonist-regulated Ca2+ stores, the inhibition of Ca2+ extrusion permits recycling of Ca2+ released by MeCh back into an MeCh- and thapsigargin-sensitive pool. Thus, although extracellular Ca2+ is the major source for refilling the intracellular Ca2+ stores under physiological conditions, the pathway by which this Ca2+ enters the pool need not be a direct one. These results are consistent with the recently revised capacitative model for the refilling of intracellular Ca2+ stores through Ca2+ influx subsequent to Ca2+ depletion, according to which refilling of intracellular Ca2+ stores occurs via a cytoplasmic route rather than a direct channel between intracellular Ca2+ stores and the extracellular space. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Kwan, C Y AU - Takemura, H AU - Obie, J F AU - Thastrup, O AU - Putney, J W AD - Calcium Regulation Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - C1006 EP - C1015 VL - 258 IS - 6 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Methacholine Compounds KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Terpenes KW - Thapsigargin KW - 67526-95-8 KW - Lanthanum KW - 6I3K30563S KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Fura-2 KW - TSN3DL106G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Biological Transport, Active -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Signal Transduction KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Lacrimal Apparatus -- metabolism KW - Lanthanum -- pharmacology KW - Methacholine Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Lacrimal Apparatus -- cytology KW - Lacrimal Apparatus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79851928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+MeCh%2C+thapsigargin%2C+and+La3%2B+on+plasmalemmal+and+intracellular+Ca2%2B+transport+in+lacrimal+acinar+cells.&rft.au=Kwan%2C+C+Y%3BTakemura%2C+H%3BObie%2C+J+F%3BThastrup%2C+O%3BPutney%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Kwan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=6+Pt+1&rft.spage=C1006&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Dec;291(6):C1104-6 [17102035] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute cadmium chloride-induced renal toxicity in the Syrian hamster. AN - 79851471; 2360211 AB - It has previously been reported that cadmium (Cd) induces renal lesions only after sequestration by endogenous metallothionein (MT), and not in the form of simple salts. However, in this report we detail findings of acute CdCl2-induced renal lesions in the Syrian hamster, which appear to be species specific as neither rats nor mice showed such lesions. Adult rats and mice of different strains and Syrian hamsters (Cr:RGH) were given Cd doses ranging from 30-50 mumol/kg, sc, and examined histologically for renal lesions between 2 hr and 7 days later. Hamsters developed necrosis of the proximal renal tubules 12-24 hr after CdCl2 treatment at an average incidence of 60% in both sexes. Tubular regeneration occurred within 1 week as shown by immunocytochemical localization of DNA synthesis with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. By electron microscopy, initial changes with Cd (16 hr) included cytoplasmic vesiculation and dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, and swelling of mitochondria followed rapidly by enlargement of vacuoles, nuclear changes, and cellular disintegration. Rats and mice showed no such lesions even at lethal doses of Cd (40-50 mumol/kg). At maximum tolerated doses of Cd (approximately LD 10: for rats and mice, 35 mumol/kg; for hamsters, 50 mumol/kg) renal Cd content was not higher in hamsters than in the other species 24 hr after injection; hamsters, in fact, had the lowest Cd content. Likewise, basal or Cd-induced levels of renal MT were not remarkably different between these species. These results indicate the hamster is uniquely susceptible to acute effects of Cd on the kidney and that this effect is not related to an unusually high concentration of CdCl2 or unusually low basal or induced levels of MT in the kidney. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Rehm, S AU - Waalkes, M P AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 94 EP - 105 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - cadmium-binding protein KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Cadmium Chloride KW - J6K4F9V3BA KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute -- pathology KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mesocricetus KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Kidney -- ultrastructure KW - Metallothionein -- metabolism KW - Cricetinae KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79851471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Acute+cadmium+chloride-induced+renal+toxicity+in+the+Syrian+hamster.&rft.au=Rehm%2C+S%3BWaalkes%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Rehm&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of cytochrome P-450c in alpha-naphthoflavone metabolism by rat liver microsomes. AN - 79850048; 2359409 AB - Metabolism of alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF) is increased markedly in rat liver microsomes by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), two inducers of cytochromes P-450c and P-450d (P-450c and P-450d). Although several indirect lines of evidence in the literature suggest that ANF is metabolized by P-450c, Vyas et al. [J. Biol. Chem. 258:5649-5659 (1983)] reported that ANF metabolism by 3-MC-induced rat liver microsomes was only partially inhibited by antibodies against P-450c. Our laboratory has previously reported clastogenic effects of metabolites of ANF, and in the present study we reexamined the role of P-450c in ANF metabolism by both uninduced and TCDD-induced rat liver microsomes, using monospecific polyclonal antibodies to P-450c and P-450d. ANF metabolism was inhibited to different extents in TCDD-induced microsomes by different preparations of anti-P-450c. One lot of anti-P-450c produced only 50% inhibition of ANF metabolism in TCDD-induced microsomes, whereas another lot of anti-P-450c inhibited ANF metabolism by 80%. Anti-P-450d had no effect on ANF metabolism. Neither anti-P-450c nor anti-P-450d inhibited ANF metabolism in uninduced rat liver microsomes. In a reconstituted enzyme system, purified P-450c metabolized ANF 47 and 510 times more rapidly than P-450d and P-450b, respectively. Metabolites resulting from oxidation at 7,8- or 5,6-positions (7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxy-ANF, 5,6-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxy-ANF, 5,6-oxide-ANF, and 6-hydroxy-ANF) were formed by all preparations of microsomes. An unknown toxic ANF metabolite was formed only with a reconstituted P-450c system and with 3-MC- or TCDD-induced microsomes. Our results indicate that P-450c is responsible for the majority of the metabolism of ANF in TCDD-induced microsomes, whereas other constitutive isozymes are responsible for the metabolism seen in uninduced liver microsomes. The variable inhibition of ANF metabolism with different lots of anti-P-450c probably reflects the differences in the proportion of antibodies to different epitopes important in the binding or metabolism of this substrate. JF - Molecular pharmacology AU - Andries, M J AU - Lucier, G W AU - Goldstein, J AU - Thompson, C L AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemical Risk Analysis, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 990 EP - 995 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Benzoflavones KW - Flavonoids KW - Isoenzymes KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - alpha-naphthoflavone KW - 604-59-1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- immunology KW - Benzoflavones -- metabolism KW - Flavonoids -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79850048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+cytochrome+P-450c+in+alpha-naphthoflavone+metabolism+by+rat+liver+microsomes.&rft.au=Andries%2C+M+J%3BLucier%2C+G+W%3BGoldstein%2C+J%3BThompson%2C+C+L&rft.aulast=Andries&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=990&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modified Bonferroni method for discrete data. AN - 79849536; 2364136 AB - The Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons is a simple and useful method of controlling the overall false positive error rate when several significance tests are performed in the evaluation of an experiment. In situations with categorical data, the test statistics have discrete distributions. The discreteness of the null distributions can be exploited to reduce the number of significance tests taken into account in the Bonferroni procedure. This reduction is accomplished by using only the information contained in the marginal totals. JF - Biometrics AU - Tarone, R E AD - Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 515 EP - 522 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0006-341X, 0006-341X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - False Positive Reactions KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- statistics & numerical data KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Biometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79849536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrics&rft.atitle=A+modified+Bonferroni+method+for+discrete+data.&rft.au=Tarone%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Tarone&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrics&rft.issn=0006341X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Planning and monitoring of equivalence studies. AN - 79849335; 2194579 AB - Demonstrating therapeutic equivalence of two treatments is the goal of many clinical trials. For instance, when the toxicity of an effective standard treatment is of concern, much effort is devoted to developing new therapies that would be both as effective and less toxic. In this paper we review the special characteristics of these trials and describe sequential monitoring of equivalence studies using repeated confidence intervals. We show how sequential monitoring may be of particular value in this setting and critically discuss the choice of some important design parameters. We also provide tables for use when planning a sequential equivalence trial. JF - Biometrics AU - Durrleman, S AU - Simon, R AD - Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 329 EP - 336 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0006-341X, 0006-341X KW - Index Medicus KW - Biometry KW - Humans KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Therapeutic Equivalency KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- methods KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79849335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrics&rft.atitle=Planning+and+monitoring+of+equivalence+studies.&rft.au=Durrleman%2C+S%3BSimon%2C+R&rft.aulast=Durrleman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrics&rft.issn=0006341X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential expression of excitatory amino acid receptor subtypes in cultured cerebellar neurons. AN - 79848240; 1972886 AB - Using neurotoxicity and inositol phosphate release as criteria for receptor expression, we report the differential expression of excitatory amino acid receptor subtypes in cerebellar granule cells grown in serum-free media containing either high (25 mM) or low (5 mM) KCl. NMDA receptors are expressed in neurons grown in high, but not low, KCl. In contrast, ionotropic quisqualate receptors are expressed in neurons grown in low KCl, but not in those grown in high KCl. Addition of NMDA to cultures containing low KCl appears to mimic high KCl conditions: NMDA receptors are expressed, but ionotropic quisqualate receptors are not. Glutamate and kainate are toxic to cells grown in either condition. JF - Neuron AU - Cox, J A AU - Felder, C C AU - Henneberry, R C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NINDS, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 941 EP - 947 VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 0896-6273, 0896-6273 KW - Glutamates KW - 0 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Oxadiazoles KW - Receptors, Glutamate KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Ibotenic Acid KW - 2552-55-8 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Potassium Chloride KW - 660YQ98I10 KW - alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid KW - 77521-29-0 KW - Quisqualic Acid KW - 8OC22C1B99 KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kainic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Ibotenic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Aspartic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Oxadiazoles -- pharmacology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Glutamates -- pharmacology KW - Ibotenic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Kinetics KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- physiology KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Potassium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79848240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.atitle=Differential+expression+of+excitatory+amino+acid+receptor+subtypes+in+cultured+cerebellar+neurons.&rft.au=Cox%2C+J+A%3BFelder%2C+C+C%3BHenneberry%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuron&rft.issn=08966273&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Completed suicide at age 50 and over. AN - 79846094; 2358625 AB - The authors present data abstracted from medical examiners' investigative reports of 246 completed suicides of persons over the age of 50 years classified into four age groups. The sample population conformed to epidemiologic studies with regard to sex distribution. With increasing age, more suicide victims were widowed, and significantly fewer were single, separated, or divorced. Violent methods of suicide were more prevalent and alcohol use and psychiatric histories less common with aging. Physical illness and loss became the most common definable precipitants to suicide, whereas job, financial, and family relationship problems became less frequent with increasing age. The indications for future research and intervention in primary care settings are discussed. JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society AU - Conwell, Y AU - Rotenberg, M AU - Caine, E D AD - UR-NIMH Clinical Research Center for the Study of Psychopathology of the Elderly (CRC/PE), New York. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 640 EP - 644 VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0002-8614, 0002-8614 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Prevalence KW - Aging -- psychology KW - Suicide -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79846094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.atitle=Completed+suicide+at+age+50+and+over.&rft.au=Conwell%2C+Y%3BRotenberg%2C+M%3BCaine%2C+E+D&rft.aulast=Conwell&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.issn=00028614&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex maze performance in rats: effects of noradrenergic depletion and cholinergic blockade. AN - 79830273; 2354036 AB - Noradrenergic (NA) involvement in acquisition (AQ) and retention (RET) of a shock-motivated 14-unit T-maze after intraperitoneal (ip) administration of DSP4, a neurotoxin that depletes forebrain NA, was evaluated in 2 experiments using 3-month-old male F-344 rats. Depletion of cortical NA level in DSP4-treated rats was verified by neurochemical assay and by latency to postdecapitation clonus reflex. In Experiment 1, DSP4 (50 mg/kg ip) rats did not differ from saline-treated (SAL) rats on any measure of maze performance (errors, alternation errors, run time, shock duration, or shock frequency) during AQ (DSP4 2 weeks prior to testing) nor during a RET test 2-3 weeks later (DSP4 immediately after the last AQ trial or 1 week after AQ). In Experiment 2, DSP4 and scopolamine (SCOP), a cholinergic (ACh) antagonist, were administered in combination to test for an NA-ACh interaction. DSP4 (50 mg/kg ip 2 weeks prior to AQ) again had no effect on AQ performance nor did DSP4 interact with either dose of SCOP (0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg ip 30 min prior to AQ) to further impair performance. Similar to previous studies SCOP impaired all measures of maze performance except shock duration. These experiments provide further evidence for involvement of ACh systems in the learning of this task and in the age-related impairments previously observed, but they suggest that central NA systems may not be involved directly or interactively with ACh systems required for efficient performance in this maze. JF - Behavioral neuroscience AU - Spangler, E L AU - Wenk, G L AU - Chachich, M E AU - Smith, K AU - Ingram, D K AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nathan W. Shock Laboratories, National Institute on Aging, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 410 EP - 417 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0735-7044, 0735-7044 KW - Receptors, Cholinergic KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Acetylcholine KW - N9YNS0M02X KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Retention (Psychology) -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Brain Mapping KW - Hippocampus -- physiology KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Reaction Time -- physiology KW - Male KW - Acetylcholine -- physiology KW - Orientation -- physiology KW - Norepinephrine -- physiology KW - Discrimination Learning -- physiology KW - Mental Recall -- physiology KW - Receptors, Cholinergic -- physiology KW - Memory -- physiology KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79830273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Complex+maze+performance+in+rats%3A+effects+of+noradrenergic+depletion+and+cholinergic+blockade.&rft.au=Spangler%2C+E+L%3BWenk%2C+G+L%3BChachich%2C+M+E%3BSmith%2C+K%3BIngram%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Spangler&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.issn=07357044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The association of syphilis with risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. AN - 79827410; 2353862 AB - A serologic survey of 4863 patients attending two inner-city sexually transmitted disease clinics was conducted in 1988 1 year after an initial survey to reassess the prevalence and associated risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The HIV seroprevalence rates had not changed significantly (5.2% in 1987, 4.9% in 1988), and remained higher among men (5.6%) than among women (3.6%). The HIV seroprevalence increased steadily with age, to 34 years in women and to 39 years in men. Of patients with a reactive syphilis serologic test result, 24.3% were HIV infected compared with 3.5% of patients with a nonreactive test for syphilis. In multivariate analysis, a reactive serologic test for syphilis was significantly associated with HIV infection in all major risk behavior categories. Among heterosexuals who denied parenteral drug abuse, HIV infection rates were 6.8 and 8.7 times greater for women and men, respectively, who had a reactive serologic test for syphilis. Evidence of heterosexual transmission of HIV was further suggested by a change in HIV seroprevalence in women from 3.0% in 1987 to 3.6% in 1988, a male to female HIV infection ratio of 1.6, and 3.0% prevalence of infection among patients who denied established risk factors. This was most evident among those younger than 25 years, in whom 72% of infected women and 46.2% of infected men denied high-risk behaviors. These data demonstrate the strong association between syphilis and HIV infection and the importance of heterosexual HIV transmission in patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. This study underscores the need for a more comprehensive control program for sexually transmitted diseases, including syphilis and HIV infection. JF - Archives of internal medicine AU - Quinn, T C AU - Cannon, R O AU - Glasser, D AU - Groseclose, S L AU - Brathwaite, W S AU - Fauci, A S AU - Hook, E W AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 1297 EP - 1302 VL - 150 IS - 6 SN - 0003-9926, 0003-9926 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- epidemiology KW - Child KW - Baltimore -- epidemiology KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Contraceptive Devices, Male KW - Prevalence KW - HIV Seroprevalence KW - HIV Infections -- complications KW - Syphilis -- complications KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Syphilis -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79827410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=The+association+of+syphilis+with+risk+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection+in+patients+attending+sexually+transmitted+disease+clinics.&rft.au=Quinn%2C+T+C%3BCannon%2C+R+O%3BGlasser%2C+D%3BGroseclose%2C+S+L%3BBrathwaite%2C+W+S%3BFauci%2C+A+S%3BHook%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00039926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Five of 12 forms of vaccinia virus-expressed human hepatic cytochrome P450 metabolically activate aflatoxin B1. AN - 79826101; 2162057 AB - Twelve forms of human hepatic cytochrome P450 were expressed in hepatoma cells by means of recombinant vaccinia viruses. The expressed P450s were analyzed for their abilities to activate the potent hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 to metabolites having mutagenic or DNA-binding properties. Five forms, P450s IA2, IIA3, IIB7, IIIA3, and IIIA4, activated aflatoxin B1 to mutagenic metabolites as assessed by the production of His revertants of Salmonella typhimurium in the Ames test. The same P450s catalyzed conversion of aflatoxin B1 to DNA-bound derivatives as judged by an in situ assay in which the radiolabeled carcinogen was incubated with cells expressing the individual P450 forms. Seven other human P450s, IIC8, IIC9, IID6, IIE1, IIF1, IIIA5, and IVB1, did not significantly activate aflatoxin B1 as measured by both the Ames test and the DNA-binding assay. Moreover, polyclonal anti-rat liver P450 antibodies that crossreact with individual human P450s IA2, IIA3, IIIA3, and IIIA4 each inhibited aflatoxin B1 activation catalyzed by human liver S-9 extracts. Inhibition ranged from as low as 10% with antibody against IIA3 to as high as 65% with antibody against IIIA3 and IIIA4. These results establish that metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1 in human liver involves the contribution of multiple forms of P450. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Aoyama, T AU - Yamano, S AU - Guzelian, P S AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 4790 EP - 4793 VL - 87 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - 9N2N2Y55MH KW - Index Medicus KW - Liver Neoplasms KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Gene Expression KW - Protein Binding KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- enzymology KW - Cell Line KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Aflatoxins -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79826101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Five+of+12+forms+of+vaccinia+virus-expressed+human+hepatic+cytochrome+P450+metabolically+activate+aflatoxin+B1.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BYamano%2C+S%3BGuzelian%2C+P+S%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mutat Res. 1975 Dec;31(6):347-64 [768755] Biochemistry. 1990 Feb 6;29(5):1322-9 [2322567] Environ Mutagen. 1981;3(1):71-84 [7021144] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Mar;49:21-5 [6832094] J Biochem. 1985 Jun;97(6):1755-66 [3928617] J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 15;261(11):5051-60 [3514607] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5311-5 [3460094] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8064-8 [3464943] Drug Metab Dispos. 1988 Jan-Feb;16(1):1-8 [2894936] DNA. 1988 Mar;7(2):79-86 [3267210] Genomics. 1988 Feb;2(2):174-9 [3410476] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 5;263(34):17995-8002 [3192524] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):462-5 [2492107] Biochemistry. 1988 Dec 13;27(25):9006-13 [3233219] DNA. 1989 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-13 [2651058] Pharmacol Rev. 1988 Dec;40(4):243-88 [3072575] Cancer Res. 1989 Jun 15;49(12):3218-28 [2655891] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jun 25;264(18):10388-95 [2732228] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jul;36(1):83-8 [2501655] Biochemistry. 1989 Sep 5;28(18):7340-8 [2573390] Biochemistry. 1989 Oct 3;28(20):8060-6 [2574990] Cancer Res. 1990 Feb 1;50(3):615-20 [2105159] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Jan;252(1):442-7 [2299601] J Biol Chem. 1980 Feb 25;255(4):1279-85 [6766445] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal infections in the pediatric cancer patient. AN - 79824051; 2191445 AB - Chemotherapy, while undeniably effective in controlling or eradicating a variety of neoplasms, is also accompanied by a number of toxicities. Foremost among these is neutropenia, which places the pediatric cancer patient at risk for serious fungal infections. The fungal organisms most commonly responsible for infection in neutropenic children are Candida, Aspergillus, Mucor, and the Phycomycetes. Common sites of infection include the oral cavity, sinuses, lung, and bloodstream. Recently, candidal infection of the liver was recognized as a growing problem. Diagnosis of deep-seated fungal infections, such as pneumonia and hepatic candidiasis, is extremely difficult, often requiring open-lung or liver biopsy, which a patient's hematologic status may not permit. Because early treatment significantly improves prognosis, empirical antifungal therapy may be indicated in selected patients. Amphotericin B is currently the antifungal agent of choice against most fungal organisms. Antifungal efficacy studies based on animal models of disseminated candidal infection suggest that amphotericin B combined with 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) is more effective than amphotericin B alone against most deep-seated Candida infections. The investigational drug, fluconazole, appears as effective as amphotericin B plus 5-FC in the prevention and early treatment of disseminated candidiasis, and clinical trials to assess this potentially important role for the new antifungal agent are now being initiated. JF - Seminars in oncology AU - Pizzo, P A AU - Walsh, T J AD - Infectious Disease Section, National Cancer Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 6 EP - 9 VL - 17 IS - 3 Suppl 6 SN - 0093-7754, 0093-7754 KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Candidiasis -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Candidiasis -- pathology KW - Adult KW - Child, Preschool KW - Antifungal Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms -- complications KW - Mycoses -- diagnosis KW - Mycoses -- drug therapy KW - Mycoses -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79824051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.atitle=Fungal+infections+in+the+pediatric+cancer+patient.&rft.au=Pizzo%2C+P+A%3BWalsh%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Pizzo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3+Suppl+6&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+oncology&rft.issn=00937754&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced antigen immunogenicity induced by bispecific antibodies. AN - 79823497; 2351931 AB - The binding of protein antigens to APC with heterocrosslinked bispecific antibodies (HBAs) enhances their processing and presentation to Th cells in vitro. Here we have asked whether HBAs could also increase immune responses in vivo. We immunized mice with hen egg lysozyme (HEL) in the presence or absence of HBA, and followed antibody production after the primary challenge and after a secondary boost. We found that HBAs that bind antigen to MHC class I or II molecules, to Fc gamma R, but not to surface IgD, enhance the immunogenicity of HEL. HBAs that bound HEL to MHC class II molecules, for examples, decreased the amount of antigen required to elicit a primary anti-HEL antibody response in mice by 300-fold, and the amount required to prime for a secondary response by 10(3)- to 10(4)-fold. In fact, HBAs were as effective as IFA in generating antibody responses. Since adjuvants cannot be used in humans, HBAs could prove useful for immunizing people, especially in cases where, due to scarcity or toxicity, minute doses of antigen must be used. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Snider, D P AU - Kaubisch, A AU - Segal, D M AD - Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 1957 EP - 1963 VL - 171 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Cross-Linking Reagents KW - Histocompatibility Antigens KW - Immunoglobulin A KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Succinimides KW - N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate KW - 68181-17-9 KW - Muramidase KW - EC 3.2.1.17 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Histocompatibility Antigens -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Immunization, Secondary KW - Immunoglobulin G -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Immunization -- methods KW - Immunoglobulin A -- analysis KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- immunology KW - Immunoglobulin G -- biosynthesis KW - Female KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Antibodies -- administration & dosage KW - Muramidase -- immunology KW - Antibody Formation -- immunology KW - Muramidase -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79823497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Enhanced+antigen+immunogenicity+induced+by+bispecific+antibodies.&rft.au=Snider%2C+D+P%3BKaubisch%2C+A%3BSegal%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Snider&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Immunol Rev. 1987 Aug;98:171-87 [2443441] J Immunol. 1987 Sep 1;139(5):1609-16 [2957430] J Immunol. 1987 Oct 1;139(7):2367-75 [2958547] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9165-9 [3480536] J Immunol. 1988 Jun 1;140(11):3697-700 [3286762] J Immunol. 1988 Jun 1;140(11):3773-8 [2453554] Mol Immunol. 1988 Sep;25(9):907-11 [2850498] J Immunol. 1989 Jul 1;143(1):59-65 [2471743] Eur J Immunol. 1975 May;5(5):317-24 [61870] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1978;81:115-20 [567555] J Exp Med. 1979 Sep 19;150(3):580-96 [90108] Rev Infect Dis. 1980 May-Jun;2(3):370-83 [6997966] J Exp Med. 1981 May 1;153(5):1198-214 [6166712] J Immunol. 1982 Jan;128(1):314-22 [6172484] J Immunol. 1986 Jan;136(1):58-65 [3079611] J Exp Med. 1986 Jan 1;163(1):166-78 [3079813] J Immunol. 1986 Apr 1;136(7):2382-92 [2419432] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(5):1453-7 [2869486] Annu Rev Immunol. 1986;4:369-88 [2871847] J Immunol. 1987 Feb 15;138(4):1051-5 [3100626] Eur J Immunol. 1987 Jan;17(1):105-11 [3102250] J Immunol. 1987 May 1;138(9):2848-56 [2952725] J Immunol. 1987 Jun 1;138(11):4018-22 [3108382] J Immunol. 1987 Jun 15;138(12):4133-42 [2438335] Immunol Rev. 1987 Aug;98:53-73 [2443442] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Four case reports presenting new acquisitions on the association between breast and endometrial carcinoma. AN - 79820706; 2161782 AB - In recent years, the association between breast and endometrial cancer has been the subject of many studies. The present report describes four cases of this association in which tamoxifen had been administered to all of the patients. Data have been published regarding the possibility that tamoxifen may be responsible for the subsequent development of carcinoma of the corpus uteri in these patients. The authors intend to carry out a case-control study on patients treated with tamoxifen for breast carcinoma to reveal the possible presence of endometrial carcinoma. JF - Gynecologic oncology AU - Atlante, G AU - Pozzi, M AU - Vincenzoni, C AU - Vocaturo, G AD - Department of Gynecological Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 378 EP - 380 VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0090-8258, 0090-8258 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Index Medicus KW - Estrogens -- therapeutic use KW - Tamoxifen -- therapeutic use KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Tamoxifen -- adverse effects KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Estrogens -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Adenocarcinoma -- chemically induced KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms, Multiple Primary KW - Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79820706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gynecologic+oncology&rft.atitle=Four+case+reports+presenting+new+acquisitions+on+the+association+between+breast+and+endometrial+carcinoma.&rft.au=Atlante%2C+G%3BPozzi%2C+M%3BVincenzoni%2C+C%3BVocaturo%2C+G&rft.aulast=Atlante&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gynecologic+oncology&rft.issn=00908258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients with AIDS maintain normal broad cytolytic function despite the loss of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxicity. AN - 79819175; 2112749 AB - In this study, we have investigated the potential mechanisms responsible for the loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytolytic activity in the advanced stages of HIV-1 infection. We have demonstrated that HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are predominantly contained within the CD8+DR+ subset. Furthermore, we have shown by a redirected killing assay that there is a dichotomy between HIV-1-specific cytolytic activity and broad cytolytic potential since the cytolytic machinery of CD8+DR+ cells is still functioning even in patients with AIDS who have lost their HIV-1-specific cytolytic activity. In addition, by comparative analysis of these two types of cytolytic activity over time we have demonstrated a progressive loss of HIV-1-specific cytolytic activity in the advanced stages of the disease, whereas the cytolytic potential remained unchanged regardless of the clinical stage. As previously shown in patients with AIDS, even in asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive patients, CD8+DR+ cells from the same patient, compared to CD8+DR- lymphocytes, showed a substantial reduction in their ability to proliferate in vitro in response to different stimuli, such as mitogens (phytohemagglutinin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3, CD2, and CD28 molecules, and displayed a defective clonogenic potential. Thus, on the basis of these results we propose that the loss of HIV-1-specific cytolytic activity in HIV-1-infected individuals may result at least in part from a progressive decrease in the pool of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes belonging to the CD8+DR+ subset whose ability to expand has been impaired. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Pantaleo, G AU - De Maria, A AU - Koenig, S AU - Butini, L AU - Moss, B AU - Baseler, M AU - Lane, H C AU - Fauci, A S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 4818 EP - 4822 VL - 87 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD KW - Antigens, CD8 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - DNA Replication KW - Flow Cytometry -- methods KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - HIV-1 -- immunology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Antigens, CD -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79819175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=CD8%2B+T+lymphocytes+of+patients+with+AIDS+maintain+normal+broad+cytolytic+function+despite+the+loss+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus-specific+cytotoxicity.&rft.au=Pantaleo%2C+G%3BDe+Maria%2C+A%3BKoenig%2C+S%3BButini%2C+L%3BMoss%2C+B%3BBaseler%2C+M%3BLane%2C+H+C%3BFauci%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Pantaleo&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1981 Apr;126(4):1614-9 [7009746] J Immunol. 1990 Mar 1;144(5):1696-704 [2137842] J Exp Med. 1983 Feb 1;157(2):743-54 [6600491] J Exp Med. 1983 Aug 1;158(2):571-85 [6224883] Gastroenterology. 1984 Jun;86(6):1510-8 [6232165] J Infect Dis. 1985 Sep;152(3):627-30 [2993445] Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1548-53 [3012778] Eur J Immunol. 1986 Aug;16(8):1021-4 [3488908] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3403-9 [3939316] J Immunol. 1986 Oct 15;137(8):2514-21 [3489767] Nature. 1986 Sep 25-Oct 1;323(6086):344-6 [3093891] Blood. 1987 Feb;69(2):369-80 [3542077] Nature. 1987 Jul 23-29;328(6128):345-8 [3496541] Nature. 1987 Jul 23-29;328(6128):348-51 [3496542] J Rheumatol. 1987 Aug;14(4):662-6 [3118018] J Immunol. 1987 Dec 1;139(11):3802-7 [3119718] Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):617-22 [3277274] Science. 1988 Apr 1;240(4848):64-6 [2451288] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(9):3105-9 [2452443] Nature. 1988 Sep 8;335(6186):178-81 [2842692] Clin Exp Immunol. 1988 Aug;73(2):236-41 [2972425] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(22):8638-42 [2460873] Nature. 1988 Dec 1;336(6198):484-7 [2461519] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):452-62 [2463308] J Immunol. 1989 Oct 1;143(7):2193-201 [2476500] J Immunol. 1983 Jan;130(1):390-3 [6292304] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estradiol metabolism by complementary deoxyribonucleic acid-expressed human cytochrome P450s. AN - 79815289; 2161748 AB - Twelve forms of human cytochrome P450 were synthesized in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells by means of cDNA-directed expression using vaccinia virus. The cDNA-expressed enzymes were tested for their ability to oxidize estradiol. Incubation of [14C]estradiol with cell lysates containing P450 IA2 resulted in the production of 2-hydroxy and 4-hydroxy metabolites with substrate turnovers of 2.74 and 0.27 min-1, respectively. P450s IIIA3 and IIIA4 yielded the same metabolites at about one third the rate of P450 IA2. Low levels of estradiol hydroxylation were also catalyzed by P450s IIC9, IIIA5, and IVB1. Six other P450 forms yielded no detectable metabolism. The roles of P450s IA2, IIA3, and IIIA4 were further established by immunoinhibition using antirat P450 antibodies. Antibody that specifically binds to P450 IIIA3 and IIIA4 inhibited 60-70% of estradiol hydroxylation, and antibody against P450 IA2 inhibited 20-40% of the estradiol hydroxylase activity in microsomes from two human liver specimens, suggesting that these enzymes constitute the major forms catalyzing estradiol oxidation in human liver. Immunoinhibition results also suggest that 2-hydroxy- and/or 4-hydroxycatechol estrogens are further metabolized to other yet uncharacterized metabolites by P450s IIIA3 and IIIA4. JF - Endocrinology AU - Aoyama, T AU - Korzekwa, K AU - Nagata, K AU - Gillette, J AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 3101 EP - 3106 VL - 126 IS - 6 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Estrogens, Catechol KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - 2-hydroxyestradiol KW - AYU2L67YUU KW - 4-hydroxyestradiol KW - C3ZO03450E KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Liver Neoplasms KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Transfection KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular KW - Humans KW - Antibodies -- pharmacology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Hydroxylation KW - Estradiol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- immunology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Estradiol -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79815289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Estradiol+metabolism+by+complementary+deoxyribonucleic+acid-expressed+human+cytochrome+P450s.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BKorzekwa%2C+K%3BNagata%2C+K%3BGillette%2C+J%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cocaine-induced reduction of glucose utilization in human brain. A study using positron emission tomography and [fluorine 18]-fluorodeoxyglucose. AN - 79804685; 2350209 AB - We examined the effects of cocaine hydrochloride (40 mg intravenously) on regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose and on subjective self-reports of eight polydrug abusers in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. The regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose was measured by the [fluorine 18]-fluorodeoxyglucose method, using positron emission tomography. With eyes covered, subjects listened to a tape that presented white noise, "beep" prompts, and questions about subjective effects of cocaine or saline. Cocaine produced euphoria and reduced glucose utilization globally (mean reduction, 14%). Twenty-six of 29 brain regions (all neocortical areas, basal ganglia, portions of the hippocampal formation, thalamus, and midbrain) showed significant decrements (5% to 26%) in the regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose. No significant effects of cocaine were observed in the pons, the cerebellar cortex, or the vermis. Right-greater-than-left hemispheric asymmetry of regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose occurred in the lateral thalamus. The findings demonstrate that reduced cerebral metabolism is associated with cocaine-induced euphoria. JF - Archives of general psychiatry AU - London, E D AU - Cascella, N G AU - Wong, D F AU - Phillips, R L AU - Dannals, R F AU - Links, J M AU - Herning, R AU - Grayson, R AU - Jaffe, J H AU - Wagner, H N AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Md. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 567 EP - 574 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Placebos KW - 0 KW - Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 KW - 0Z5B2CJX4D KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Deoxyglucose -- analogs & derivatives KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed KW - Euphoria KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Deoxyglucose -- metabolism KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- metabolism KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79804685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Cocaine-induced+reduction+of+glucose+utilization+in+human+brain.+A+study+using+positron+emission+tomography+and+%5Bfluorine+18%5D-fluorodeoxyglucose.&rft.au=London%2C+E+D%3BCascella%2C+N+G%3BWong%2C+D+F%3BPhillips%2C+R+L%3BDannals%2C+R+F%3BLinks%2C+J+M%3BHerning%2C+R%3BGrayson%2C+R%3BJaffe%2C+J+H%3BWagner%2C+H+N&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age at onset of selected mental disorders in five community populations. AN - 79804497; 2350203 AB - Using data collected in the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program, we examined the reported age at onset of selected mental disorders using life table survival methods. The examination of hazard rates suggests that adolescence and young adulthood are important periods for the development of unipolar major depression, bipolar illness, phobias, and drug and alcohol abuse/dependence. Although there are limitations in using cross-sectional data for this purpose, the findings suggest the need for more attention to the development of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. JF - Archives of general psychiatry AU - Burke, K C AU - Burke, J D AU - Regier, D A AU - Rae, D S AD - Division of Biometry and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 511 EP - 518 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Phobic Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Child KW - Depressive Disorder -- epidemiology KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Life Tables KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - Anxiety Disorders -- epidemiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Panic KW - Female KW - Male KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79804497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Age+at+onset+of+selected+mental+disorders+in+five+community+populations.&rft.au=Burke%2C+K+C%3BBurke%2C+J+D%3BRegier%2C+D+A%3BRae%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular distribution of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and procollagen types I, III, and IV transcripts in carbon tetrachloride-induced rat liver fibrosis. AN - 79802324; 1693377 AB - The cellular distribution and temporal expression of transcripts from transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and procollagen alpha 1(I), alpha 1(III), and alpha 1(IV) genes were studied in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced rat liver fibrosis by using in situ hybridization technique. During the fibrotic process, TGF-beta 1 and procollagen genes were similarly and predominantly expressed in Desmin-positive perisinusoidal cells (e.g., fat-storing cells and myofibroblasts) and fibroblasts and their expression continued to be higher than those observed in control rats. These transcripts were also observed in inflammatory cells mainly granulocytes and macrophage-like cells at the early stages of liver fibrosis. The production of extracellular matrix along small blood vessels and fibrous septa coincided with the expression of these genes. Expression of TGF-beta 1 and procollagen genes were not detected in hepatocytes throughout the experiment. No significant differences in cellular distribution or time course of gene expression among procollagen alpha 1(I), alpha 1(III), and alpha 1(IV) were observed. Desmin-positive perisinusoidal cells and fibroblasts appeared to play the principal role in synthesis of collagens in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis. The simultaneous expression of TGF-beta 1 and procollagen genes in mesenchymal cells, including Desmin-positive perisinusoidal cells, during hepatic fibrosis suggests the possibility that TGF-beta 1 may have an important role in the production of fibrosis. JF - The Journal of clinical investigation AU - Nakatsukasa, H AU - Nagy, P AU - Evarts, R P AU - Hsia, C C AU - Marsden, E AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 1833 EP - 1843 VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - Albumins KW - 0 KW - Procollagen KW - RNA Probes KW - RNA, Messenger KW - alpha-Fetoproteins KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Collagen -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Albumins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - alpha-Fetoproteins -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Male KW - Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning -- genetics KW - Procollagen -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning -- pathology KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental -- genetics KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Procollagen -- genetics KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79802324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.atitle=Cellular+distribution+of+transforming+growth+factor-beta+1+and+procollagen+types+I%2C+III%2C+and+IV+transcripts+in+carbon+tetrachloride-induced+rat+liver+fibrosis.&rft.au=Nakatsukasa%2C+H%3BNagy%2C+P%3BEvarts%2C+R+P%3BHsia%2C+C+C%3BMarsden%2C+E%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Nakatsukasa&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Hepatology. 1989 Jul;10(1):84-92 [2737606] Eur J Biochem. 1985 Mar 1;147(2):217-24 [2578961] Hepatology. 1988 Jul-Aug;8(4):808-14 [3391508] Gastroenterology. 1984 Dec;87(6):1233-47 [6092194] Biochemistry. 1984 Dec 4;23(25):6210-6 [6395893] J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 25;259(20):12718-23 [6333422] Semin Liver Dis. 1986 Aug;6(3):212-20 [3535087] Hepatology. 1984 Nov-Dec;4(6):1167-72 [6500509] Hepatology. 1986 Mar-Apr;6(2):225-34 [3514407] J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 25;261(9):4337-45 [3456347] Biochem J. 1987 May 15;244(1):75-9 [3663119] J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 5;262(4):1652-8 [3805048] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8681-5 [3909149] Lab Invest. 1985 Aug;53(2):166-86 [3894794] Gastroenterology. 1990 Jan;98(1):175-84 [2293576] Eur J Biochem. 1980 Nov;112(2):243-9 [6161811] Int Rev Connect Tissue Res. 1983;10:333-93 [6315623] Dev Biol. 1984 Feb;101(2):485-502 [6692991] Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1343-5 [6828863] Hepatology. 1982 Jan-Feb;2(1):19-28 [7033099] Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Aug 10;6(11):3559-67 [573889] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3719-22 [1068482] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jun;69(6):1408-12 [4504350] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1539-43 [3422749] Hepatology. 1987 Mar-Apr;7(2):277-84 [2435648] EMBO J. 1987 Jul;6(7):1899-904 [2820711] Biochem J. 1987 Nov 1;247(3):597-604 [3501287] J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 15;262(8):3897-902 [3493244] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4167-71 [2424019] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Mar 11;13(5):1431-42 [2987824] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(4):1105-8 [3422482] Lab Invest. 1988 Oct;59(4):509-21 [2845191] J Biol Chem. 1985 Jan 10;260(1):531-6 [2981217] Br J Cancer. 1988 Jun;57(6):594-600 [3044431] Hepatology. 1988 May-Jun;8(3):538-46 [2453431] Cancer Res. 1987 Oct 15;47(20):5469-75 [2443240] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5788-92 [2886992] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol and guanine nucleotide binding proteins: a selective interaction. AN - 79802216; 2161371 AB - Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) play key roles in signal transduction, including the coupling of hormone and neurotransmitter receptors to adenylate cyclase, ion channels, and polyphosphoinositide metabolism. One member of this family of proteins, Gs, appears to represent a specific site of action of ethanol in the central nervous system. Ethanol is often perceived as a nonspecific drug, and its anesthetic effects may in fact arise from relatively nonspecific interactions with cell membrane lipids. However, recent investigations point to a selective effect of low concentrations of ethanol to promote the activation of Gs, and thus to enhance adenylate cyclase activity. Ethanol seems to have little or no effect on the function of other identified G proteins. After chronic ingestion of ethanol by animals, or chronic exposure of cells in culture to ethanol, the sensitivity of adenylate cyclase to stimulation by guanine nucleotides and agonists that act via Gs is decreased. The mechanism of this change may involve qualitative and/or quantitative alterations in Gs, and seems to vary in different cell types. Studies of human platelets and lymphocytes also reveal differences in adenylate cyclase activity between alcoholics and control subjects. The differences are consistent with involvement of Gs, and do not appear to reverse upon cessation of alcohol exposure. The results suggest that the platelet and/or lymphocyte adenylate cyclase system may provide a biochemical marker of genetic predisposition to alcoholism. JF - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology AU - Hoffman, P L AU - Tabakoff, B AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 2612 EP - 2622 VL - 4 IS - 9 SN - 0892-6638, 0892-6638 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Calcium Channels KW - Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Calcium Channels -- metabolism KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Humans KW - Calcium Channels -- drug effects KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79802216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+and+guanine+nucleotide+binding+proteins%3A+a+selective+interaction.&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+P+L%3BTabakoff%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=08926638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gamma-interferon modulates von Willebrand factor release by cultured human endothelial cells. AN - 79799483; 2112031 AB - Endothelial cells (EC) synthesize and secrete von Willebrand factor (vWF), a multimeric glycoprotein required for normal hemostasis. Within human endothelial cells, vWF multimers of extremely high molecular weight are stored in rod-shaped organelles known as Weibel-Palade bodies. Inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1, induce in vitro a variety of procoagulant responses by EC, including the secretion of stored vWF. We postulated that other inflammatory mediators might act to balance this procoagulant reaction, thereby assisting in the maintenance of blood fluidity during immune activation. Both gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were found to act independently and cooperatively to depress the stimulated release of vWF from EC. Analysis of stored vWF in either gamma-IFN and/or TNF-treated EC demonstrated a loss of high molecular weight multimers while immunofluorescent studies documented a loss of visible Weibel-Palade bodies. This suggests that gamma-IFN and TNF interfere with normal vWF storage. gamma-IFN acted in a dose-, time-, and RNA-dependent fashion, and its inhibition of vWF release was reversible with time. No effect of gamma-IFN on EC was noted when anti-serum to gamma-IFN was added. Unlike gamma-IFN, alpha-interferon did not effect EC vWF. Therefore, gamma-IFN and TNF may be important in decreasing vWF release during inflammatory or immunologic episodes. JF - Blood AU - Tannenbaum, S H AU - Gralnick, H R AD - Clinical Pathology Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 2177 EP - 2184 VL - 75 IS - 11 SN - 0006-4971, 0006-4971 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - von Willebrand Factor KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Thrombin KW - EC 3.4.21.5 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Antibodies -- physiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Dactinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Thrombin -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Organelles -- ultrastructure KW - Organelles -- immunology KW - von Willebrand Factor -- metabolism KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- metabolism KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- cytology KW - Interferon-gamma -- physiology KW - Interferon-gamma -- immunology KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79799483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Gamma-interferon+modulates+von+Willebrand+factor+release+by+cultured+human+endothelial+cells.&rft.au=Tannenbaum%2C+S+H%3BGralnick%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Tannenbaum&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=00064971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effects of renal carcinogens and tumor promoters on growth promotion and inhibition of gap junctional communication in two rat renal epithelial cell lines. AN - 79796757; 2140731 AB - To evaluate the effects of renal carcinogens and tumor promoters on gap junctional intercellular communication (IC) and colony formation, two rat kidney epithelial cell lines were examined in vitro. The NRK-52E line was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and the NK-4 line was established by us from male F344/NCr rats. The NRK-52E line was co-cultured on a confluent monolayer of lethally irradiated NRK-52E cells to determine colony-forming ability (cloning efficiency) and clonal expansion (average surface area of the colonies, SA) and the NK-4 line was cultured on collagen gel. Streptozotocin (STZ), a renal carcinogen, and trisodium nitrilotriacetate monohydrate (NTANa3), a renal carcinogen and tumor promoter, showed mild growth-enhancing effects on both cell lines, as determined by significant increases in SA, but not in cloning efficiency (CE). Sodium barbital (BBNa), a renal tumor promoter, had similar effects, while phenobarbital sodium (PBNa), a non-renal tumor promoter, lacked such activity. The effects of these compounds on gap junctional function were investigated by the Lucifer Yellow dye transfer microinjection assay using monolayers of NRK-52E and NK-4 cells. We found that STZ, NTANa3 and BBNa inhibited IC in NRK-52E cells, in accordance with their reported tumorigenic and/or tumor-promoting activity in vivo, while PBNa did not. Thus, we could present these findings in NRK-52E cells as an in vitro model to examine the potential tissue-specific effects of renal carcinogens and tumor promoters in vitro. We found, however, that other growth control mechanisms beside IC may play a role, because although the NK-4 line did not possess normal IC, the tumor promoters studied had identical growth-promoting effects on colony formation and expansion in both this cell line and the NRK-52E line. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Konishi, N AU - Donovan, P J AU - Ward, J M AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 903 EP - 908 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Barbiturates KW - Carcinogens KW - Streptozocin KW - 5W494URQ81 KW - Barbital KW - 5WZ53ENE2P KW - Nitrilotriacetic Acid KW - KA90006V9D KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells KW - Animals KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Kidney KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Epithelium KW - Male KW - Cell Line KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- physiology KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Barbiturates -- pharmacology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- ultrastructure KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Nitrilotriacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- drug effects KW - Streptozocin -- pharmacology KW - Barbital -- pharmacology KW - Acetates -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79796757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Differential+effects+of+renal+carcinogens+and+tumor+promoters+on+growth+promotion+and+inhibition+of+gap+junctional+communication+in+two+rat+renal+epithelial+cell+lines.&rft.au=Konishi%2C+N%3BDonovan%2C+P+J%3BWard%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Konishi&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suramin-induced polyneuropathy. AN - 79795994; 2161094 AB - We report the development of a severe polyneuropathy in 4 of 38 patients who were receiving parenteral suramin therapy for the treatment of various underlying malignancies. In 2 of these patients, the neuropathy progressed to generalized flaccid paralysis with bulbar and respiratory involvement, requiring endotracheal intubation and ICU monitoring. EMG and nerve conduction studies showed evidence of conduction block, suggestive of a demyelinating polyneuropathy. After several weeks, both patients improved clinically. The other 2 patients developed a reversible neuropathy with flaccid paresis of the limbs but without bulbar or respiratory compromise. No immediate response to plasmapheresis was noted. All 4 patients demonstrated an elevated CSF protein in the acute phase of their neuropathy, which declined or returned to normal during recovery. The development of polyneuropathy correlated with the maximum plasma suramin level, with an estimated 40% risk of developing neurotoxicity in those patients whose maximum level was 350 micrograms/ml or greater. No correlation could be made with the total dose of suramin administered or with the duration of therapy. Two of these 4 patients manifested tumor shrinkage while receiving suramin therapy. We conclude that suramin, a promising antineoplastic agent, is capable of inducing a severe sensorimotor polyneuropathy which appears to be related to the plasma concentration of suramin. Serial measurement of the plasma concentration during suramin therapy is recommended. JF - Neurology AU - La Rocca, R V AU - Meer, J AU - Gilliatt, R W AU - Stein, C A AU - Cassidy, J AU - Myers, C E AU - Dalakas, M C AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 954 EP - 960 VL - 40 IS - 6 SN - 0028-3878, 0028-3878 KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins KW - 0 KW - Suramin KW - 6032D45BEM KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Paresthesia -- chemically induced KW - Neural Conduction KW - Middle Aged KW - Plasmapheresis KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins -- analysis KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Suramin -- adverse effects KW - Suramin -- blood KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- therapy KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79795994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurology&rft.atitle=Suramin-induced+polyneuropathy.&rft.au=La+Rocca%2C+R+V%3BMeer%2C+J%3BGilliatt%2C+R+W%3BStein%2C+C+A%3BCassidy%2C+J%3BMyers%2C+C+E%3BDalakas%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=La+Rocca&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurology&rft.issn=00283878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interferon-alpha in patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. AN - 79794414; 1971503 AB - To evaluate the toxicity and clinical efficacy of interferon-alpha 2b (IFN-alpha) in patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind study. Outpatient clinic of a government referral-based research hospital. Volunteer sample of 34 patients with asymptomatic HIV infection who had CD4 counts of 400 cells/mm3 or more, positive peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures for HIV, or p24 antigenemia. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either IFN-alpha or placebo, 35 x 10(6) units per day subcutaneously. Doses of IFN-alpha or placebo were modified according to predefined laboratory and clinical criteria. Therapy lasted at least 12 weeks. Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to each group. The two groups had similar mean CD4 counts at study entry. Thirty-five percent of patients assigned to receive IFN-alpha withdrew from the study because of toxicity. The average daily dose of IFN-alpha was 17.5 x 10(6) units. All patients receiving IFN-alpha reported flu-like symptoms; other toxicities included granulocytopenia (55%) and elevated liver enzyme levels (45%). While receiving IFN-alpha, 7 patients (41%) became HIV culture negative (three or more consecutive negative peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures taken at least 2 weeks apart). In contrast, 2 patients in the placebo group (13%) became culture negative while on study (P = 0.05). During the treatment period, CD4 lymphocyte percentages were sustained at or above the baseline level in patients receiving IFN-alpha and declined slightly in patients receiving placebo. Of the 32 study patients followed after study (range, 5 to 33 months), no patients in the IFN-alpha group developed an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining opportunistic infection, compared with 5 patients in the placebo group (P = 0.02). Treatment of early-stage HIV infection with IFN-alpha can result in a decrease in frequency of viral isolation. Although its use may be accompanied by dose-dependent toxicities, IFN-alpha may have a role in slowing progression of HIV disease. JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Lane, H C AU - Davey, V AU - Kovacs, J A AU - Feinberg, J AU - Metcalf, J A AU - Herpin, B AU - Walker, R AU - Deyton, L AU - Davey, R T AU - Falloon, J AD - National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 805 EP - 811 VL - 112 IS - 11 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 0 KW - HIV Core Protein p24 KW - Interferon Type I KW - Interferon-alpha KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - interferon alfa-2b KW - 43K1W2T1M6 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Opportunistic Infections -- epidemiology KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Gene Products, gag -- blood KW - Humans KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Leukocyte Count -- drug effects KW - Viral Core Proteins -- blood KW - Adult KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- epidemiology KW - Middle Aged KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Interferon-alpha -- therapeutic use KW - Interferon-alpha -- adverse effects KW - HIV Infections -- complications KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Interferon Type I -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79794414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Interferon-alpha+in+patients+with+asymptomatic+human+immunodeficiency+virus+%28HIV%29+infection.+A+randomized%2C+placebo-controlled+trial.&rft.au=Lane%2C+H+C%3BDavey%2C+V%3BKovacs%2C+J+A%3BFeinberg%2C+J%3BMetcalf%2C+J+A%3BHerpin%2C+B%3BWalker%2C+R%3BDeyton%2C+L%3BDavey%2C+R+T%3BFalloon%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lane&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat mutagenesis in bacteriophage T4: another walk down the transversion pathway. AN - 79794214; 2345133 AB - Extracellular nonreplicating bacteriophage T4 particles accumulate mutations as functions of temperature, time, pH, and ionic environment via two mechanisms: 5-hydroxymethylcytidine deamination produces G.C----A.T transitions while a guanosine modification produces transversions. Neither frameshift mutations nor mutations at A.T base pairs are appreciably induced. We now show that heat induces G.C----T.A transversions which we suggest may arise via a G*.A mispair, in which G* is a modified guanosine that has experienced a glycosylic bond migration. The rate of this reaction at 37 degrees C is sufficient to present a genetic hazard, particularly to large genomes; thus, the lesion is probably efficiently repaired in cellular genomes. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Kricker, M C AU - Drake, J W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 3037 EP - 3039 VL - 172 IS - 6 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Composition KW - Genes, Viral KW - Hot Temperature KW - T-Phages -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79794214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Heat+mutagenesis+in+bacteriophage+T4%3A+another+walk+down+the+transversion+pathway.&rft.au=Kricker%2C+M+C%3BDrake%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Kricker&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Mar;55(3):506-12 [5221235] Genetics. 1967 Mar;55(3):387-98 [5341474] Biochemistry. 1972 Sep 12;11(19):3610-8 [4626532] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Apr;73(4):1269-73 [4797] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):4159-63 [1069305] Nature. 1978 Aug 24;274(5673):775-80 [355893] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1773-7 [6453349] J Mol Biol. 1981 Jul 5;149(3):337-76 [6273585] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jan;80(2):487-91 [6300848] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(14):4263-5 [6576336] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Sep;80(17):5171-5 [6577415] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Nov 30;117(1):93-8 [6318754] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(5):1494-8 [6369329] Fed Proc. 1984 Aug;43(11):2663-70 [6745451] Genetics. 1984 Aug;107(4):505-23 [6745639] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2709-13 [3128795] Cell. 1988 Sep 9;54(6):805-12 [3044611] J Mol Biol. 1988 Jul 5;202(1):17-34 [3050120] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8877-81 [2682664] Gene. 1989 Dec 21;85(1):199-204 [2620832] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intraperitoneal recombinant alpha-2-interferon alternating with cisplatin as salvage therapy for minimal residual-disease ovarian cancer: a phase II study. AN - 79792461; 2189953 AB - A phase II study was initiated in March 1987 at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome to evaluate the efficacy of alternating intraperitoneal (IP) recombinant alpha-2-interferon (r-alpha 2-IFN) and cisplatin (DDP) as salvage therapy for less than or equal to 5 mm residual-disease (RD) ovarian carcinoma. Fourteen assessable patients entered the study. All had received prior chemotherapy (11 with DDP-based regimens); five patients had macroscopic RD (less than or equal to 5 mm), and nine had microscopic RD (histologically positive random biopsies and/or positive cytology and immunocytochemical tests). The response to IP immunochemotherapy was evaluated by laparotomy. Pathologic complete remissions (PCRs) were achieved in seven patients (50%) who have remained free of disease with a median follow-up of 22+ months (range, 11+ to 30+ months). Six patients achieved a stable disease and one presented disease progression. With the exception of chemical peritonitis-induced adhesions, no limiting toxicity was observed. The results obtained in this small, highly selected series demonstrate that a high PCR rate may be obtained with IP immunochemotherapy with DDP and r-alpha 2-IFN as salvage therapy in residual ovarian carcinoma less than or equal to 5 mm after first-line chemotherapy also including intravenous (IV) DDP. Larger comparative studies must be conducted to establish the potential role of IP DDP and r-alpha 2-IFN as compared with either of the single treatments. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Nardi, M AU - Cognetti, F AU - Pollera, C F AU - Giulia, M D AU - Lombardi, A AU - Atlante, G AU - Calabresi, F AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 1036 EP - 1041 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interferon Type I KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Index Medicus KW - Interferon Type I -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Aged KW - Pilot Projects KW - Infusions, Parenteral KW - Cisplatin -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Cisplatin -- toxicity KW - Adult KW - Interferon Type I -- toxicity KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- toxicity KW - Ovarian Neoplasms -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79792461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Intraperitoneal+recombinant+alpha-2-interferon+alternating+with+cisplatin+as+salvage+therapy+for+minimal+residual-disease+ovarian+cancer%3A+a+phase+II+study.&rft.au=Nardi%2C+M%3BCognetti%2C+F%3BPollera%2C+C+F%3BGiulia%2C+M+D%3BLombardi%2C+A%3BAtlante%2C+G%3BCalabresi%2C+F&rft.aulast=Nardi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1036&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of alcoholics who attempt suicide. AN - 79789305; 2343921 AB - Of 298 alcoholic subjects studied by the authors, 19% (N = 57) had attempted suicide. Compared with nonattempters, suicide attempters were significantly more likely to be female, to have a lower socioeconomic status, to be younger, to have begun heavy drinking and experienced the onset of alcohol-related problems at an earlier age, to consume a greater amount of alcohol when drinking, and to have additional lifetime psychiatric diagnoses of major depression, antisocial personality disorder, substance abuse, panic disorder, phobic disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder. Also, significantly more attempters had first- or second-degree relatives who abused alcohol. JF - The American journal of psychiatry AU - Roy, A AU - Lamparski, D AU - DeJong, J AU - Moore, V AU - Linnoila, M AD - Division of Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 761 EP - 765 VL - 147 IS - 6 SN - 0002-953X, 0002-953X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Mental Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Age Factors KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Alcohol Drinking KW - Male KW - Female KW - Suicide, Attempted -- statistics & numerical data KW - Suicide, Attempted -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Alcoholism -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79789305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+alcoholics+who+attempt+suicide.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BLamparski%2C+D%3BDeJong%2C+J%3BMoore%2C+V%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.issn=0002953X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maitotoxin: a unique pharmacological tool for research on calcium-dependent mechanisms. AN - 79789204; 1971510 JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Gusovsky, F AU - Daly, J W AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 1633 EP - 1639 VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Calcium Channels KW - 0 KW - Hormones KW - Marine Toxins KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - Oxocins KW - Phospholipids KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Muscle Contraction -- drug effects KW - Hormones -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Marine Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Calcium Channels -- metabolism KW - Calcium Channels -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79789204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Maitotoxin%3A+a+unique+pharmacological+tool+for+research+on+calcium-dependent+mechanisms.&rft.au=Gusovsky%2C+F%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Gusovsky&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liver injury from cyclosporine A. AN - 79788418; 2344802 AB - To assess the incidence of cyclosporine A-induced hepatotoxicity, we retrospectively analyzed liver biochemical test results in 59 patients with endogenous uveitis who received cyclosporine A. All patients had normal liver tests before treatment and had at least six determinations during a 6- to 36-month course of therapy with cyclosporine A at a dose of 2-10 mg/kg/day. Thirty-four (58%) patients developed at least one abnormality of liver tests, and 19 (32%) had a prolonged pattern of abnormalities. The usual abnormalities consisted of a mild, transient increase in alkaline phosphatase levels occasionally accompanied by slight elevations in serum bilirubin and aminotransferase activities. Peak alkaline phosphatase levels ranged from 125 to 243 units/liter and persisted for seven days to 48 months. Thus, biochemical evidence of mild cholestatic liver injury was common in patients receiving cyclosporine A. These abnormalities are usually self-limited and asymptomatic but may cause diagnostic difficulty if a preexisting liver disease is present. JF - Digestive diseases and sciences AU - Kassianides, C AU - Nussenblatt, R AU - Palestine, A G AU - Mellow, S D AU - Hoofnagle, J H AD - Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 693 EP - 697 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0163-2116, 0163-2116 KW - Cyclosporins KW - 0 KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Alkaline Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Pilot Projects KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- blood KW - Child KW - Alkaline Phosphatase -- blood KW - Uveitis -- drug therapy KW - Uveitis -- blood KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- blood KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Adult KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cyclosporins -- poisoning KW - Liver -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79788418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digestive+diseases+and+sciences&rft.atitle=Liver+injury+from+cyclosporine+A.&rft.au=Kassianides%2C+C%3BNussenblatt%2C+R%3BPalestine%2C+A+G%3BMellow%2C+S+D%3BHoofnagle%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Kassianides&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Digestive+diseases+and+sciences&rft.issn=01632116&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell-specific toxicity of a chimeric protein composed of interleukin-6 and Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL6-PE40) on tumor cells. AN - 79781181; 2160579 AB - IL6-PE40 is a chimeric toxin composed of human interleukin-6 (IL6) linked by a peptide bond to PE40, a form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) devoid of its cell recognition domain. To identify cancer cell lines with high numbers of IL6 receptors and to assess the usefulness of IL6-PE40 as a possible anticancer agent, we evaluated the toxicity of IL6-PE40 on a variety of tumor cell lines and demonstrated that certain human myeloma and hepatoma cell lines were particularly sensitive. IL6 binding to selected hepatoma and myeloma cell lines were determined by using [125I]IL6. IL6 receptor mRNA levels were measured by polymerase chain reactions. When comparisons were made among different hepatoma cell lines, the sensitivity to IL6-PE40 correlated with the number of IL6 receptors. However, the hepatoma line PLC/PRF/5, which contains 2,300 IL6 receptors, was more sensitive to IL6-PE40 (amount of protein required to inhibit protein synthesis by 50% was 5 ng/ml) than both the myeloma cell lines U266 and H929 (for both cell lines, the 50% inhibitory dose was 8 ng/ml), which contain 15,500 and 16,500 IL6 receptors, respectively. RNA analysis confirmed that the sensitivity of these cells to IL6-PE40 and the amount of IL6 receptor RNA detected did not correlate. These data suggest that factors in addition to the number of IL6-binding sites contribute to the sensitivity of cells to IL6-PE40. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Siegall, C B AU - Nordan, R P AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 2443 EP - 2447 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Exotoxins KW - 0 KW - IL-6-PE40 protein, chimeric KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Receptors, Immunologic KW - Receptors, Interleukin-6 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Exotoxins -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Chimera KW - Multiple Myeloma -- immunology KW - Receptors, Immunologic -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- immunology KW - Cell Line KW - Liver Neoplasms -- immunology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- immunology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Interleukin-6 -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-6 -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-6 -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79781181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Cell-specific+toxicity+of+a+chimeric+protein+composed+of+interleukin-6+and+Pseudomonas+exotoxin+%28IL6-PE40%29+on+tumor+cells.&rft.au=Siegall%2C+C+B%3BNordan%2C+R+P%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Siegall&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1971 Mar 10;246(5):1496-503 [5545092] J Biol Chem. 1989 Aug 25;264(24):14256-61 [2503515] S Afr Med J. 1976 Dec 18;50(54):2124-8 [63998] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5258-62 [6254071] J Virol. 1981 Jan;37(1):239-43 [6260977] Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):475-80 [6261142] Lancet. 1981 Nov 21;2(8256):1129-33 [6118576] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(8):2534-7 [6326131] J Immunol. 1984 Oct;133(4):1691-5 [6088625] Cancer Res. 1985 Feb;45(2):751-7 [2981613] Science. 1986 Aug 1;233(4763):566-9 [3726549] J Mol Biol. 1986 May 5;189(1):113-30 [3537305] Nature. 1986 Nov 6-12;324(6092):73-6 [3491322] J Exp Med. 1987 Mar 1;165(3):641-9 [3493321] FEBS Lett. 1987 Aug 31;221(1):18-22 [3305075] J Exp Med. 1987 Oct 1;166(4):967-81 [2821154] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7251-5 [2444978] Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91 [2448875] Nature. 1988 Mar 3;332(6159):83-5 [3258060] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1922-6 [3126499] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5698-702 [3165197] Science. 1988 Aug 12;241(4867):825-8 [3136546] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 15;263(35):18650-6 [3143716] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(24):9738-42 [3264406] FEBS Lett. 1989 May 22;249(1):27-30 [2498129] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):5146-50 [2544891] Cell. 1989 Aug 11;58(3):573-81 [2788034] Erratum In: Mol Cell Biol 1990 Aug;10(8):4438 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diphtheria toxin effects on brain-tumor xenografts. Implications for protein-based brain-tumor chemotherapy. AN - 79764291; 2159988 AB - A model was developed to determine whether protein-based chemotherapeutic agents can cross the blood-brain barrier and successfully treat brain tumors. The human small-cell lung carcinoma N417D was grown as a solid tumor in the nude rat brain, and diphtheria toxin (DT) was administered intravenously as therapy. Because rat cells lack functional DT receptors and are 1000 to 10,000 times less sensitive to DT than human cells, a therapeutic window exists between the implanted human tumor and the nude rat host. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of DT were defined. Within 6 hours, more than 90% of the initial DT concentration was removed from the blood. The blood-to-tumor transfer constant Ki for DT in small N417D tumors was 0.49 microliters/gm-min, one-fourth to one-fifth the reported values for permeability to proteins in other experimental tumor models. Despite the toxin's short plasma half-life and the relatively intact blood-tumor barrier, DT administered intravenously as a single dose significantly extended animal survival. Untreated nude rats developed solid parenchymal tumors and died in 11 to 16 days (median 15 days). When administered at 0.1 micrograms/animal, DT increased the median survival time to 19 days (p less than 0.0016) while 1.0-microgram doses extended median survival times to 26.5 days (p less than 0.0002). A higher dose of DT (3.0 micrograms) had no further beneficial effect on survival (26.1 days). Blood-brain barrier constraints to successful monoclonal antibody-based therapies of brain tumors may have been overestimated since antibody conjugates have plasma half-lives longer than DT, and the permeability of N417D tumors to DT is equal to or less than the permeability of other experimental tumors to large proteins. Recently developed immunotoxins that have the higher potency of DT and a therapeutic window as wide as DT has in this nude rat/human tumor paradigm may be effective in treating brain tumors despite limited blood-tumor permeability. JF - Journal of neurosurgery AU - Wrobel, C J AU - Wright, D C AU - Dedrick, R L AU - Youle, R J AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/06// PY - 1990 DA - June 1990 SP - 946 EP - 950 VL - 72 IS - 6 SN - 0022-3085, 0022-3085 KW - Diphtheria Toxin KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Animals KW - Rats, Nude KW - Humans KW - Transplantation, Heterologous KW - Survival KW - Time Factors KW - Capillaries -- metabolism KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- blood KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- mortality KW - Brain Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- metabolism KW - Brain Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Brain Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79764291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.atitle=Diphtheria+toxin+effects+on+brain-tumor+xenografts.+Implications+for+protein-based+brain-tumor+chemotherapy.&rft.au=Wrobel%2C+C+J%3BWright%2C+D+C%3BDedrick%2C+R+L%3BYoule%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wrobel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.issn=00223085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular and molecular changes in the early stages of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. AN - 79757642; 1692260 AB - The early cellular and molecular changes in the Solt-Farber model of hepatocarcinogenesis with and without initiation was studied by using histochemical, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization techniques. Increased cellularity was observed in the periductal space in both models 32 to 56 h after partial hepatectomy. These periductal cells and Ito cells were the only cells that became labeled with tritiated thymidine in the uninitiated liver model. Forty-five to 60% of the labeled periductal cells were positive for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. From the periductal area the cells that were positive for antibody raised against oval cells (OV-6) infiltrated into liver parenchyma and were followed by desmin-positive Ito cells. The number of Ito cells in the uninitiated model 6 days after partial hepatectomy was 3.5 times higher in the area occupied by oval cells than elsewhere in the liver. The first alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-positive cells appeared either as individual cells or as pseudoductal formations 32 or 56 h after partial hepatectomy at the periphery of the periductal space in both initiated and uninitiated animals. A combination of in situ and immunohistochemistry revealed that the OV-6-positive cells were AFP positive, whereas desmin-positive cells were AFP negative. Glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) transcripts could be found mainly in OV-6-positive oval cells. Bile duct cells were positive for GST-P and negative for transforming growth factor beta 1, whereas cells in the periductal space were positive for both of these transcripts. The GST-P-positive early preneoplastic lesions showed a similar distribution pattern as that of oval cells; the preexisting hepatocytes became trapped between small basophilic hepatocytes that showed either irregular or pseudoalveolar arrangement. This raises the question as to whether cells which are stem cell-like are among the target cells in the Solt-Farber model of hepatocarcinogenesis. Proliferation of transforming growth factor beta 1-producing, desmin-positive cells (Ito cells) and multipotent oval cells in a close proximity to each other indicates an intricate relationship between Ito cells and oval cells in liver that warrants further investigation. JF - Cancer research AU - Evarts, R P AU - Nakatsukasa, H AU - Marsden, E R AU - Hsia, C C AU - Dunsford, H A AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/06/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jun 01 SP - 3439 EP - 3444 VL - 50 IS - 11 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - alpha-Fetoproteins KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - 2-Acetylaminofluorene KW - 9M98QLJ2DL KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.2.2 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hepatectomy KW - Male KW - alpha-Fetoproteins -- analysis KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- analysis KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase -- analysis KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Glutathione Transferase -- analysis KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79757642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Cellular+and+molecular+changes+in+the+early+stages+of+chemical+hepatocarcinogenesis+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Evarts%2C+R+P%3BNakatsukasa%2C+H%3BMarsden%2C+E+R%3BHsia%2C+C+C%3BDunsford%2C+H+A%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Evarts&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthetic peptide antigens elicit monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to cytochrome P450 IA2. AN - 79806047; 2350341 AB - Two peptide sequences from cytochrome P450 IA2 were synthesized, coupled to ovalbumin and used as antigens to generate anti-peptide monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Antisera to both peptides reacted with rat IA2 but not the structurally similar IA1 form as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. However, antisera to both peptides detected both rat IA2 and IA1 on immunoblots. In addition immunoblots of human liver microsomes revealed that both antisera recognized human IA2, but not IA1. Monoclonal antibodies generated against one of the peptides recognized rat IA2 and IA1 but did not detect human IA2. These results demonstrate the utility of anti-peptide antisera as a practical approach for the generation of P450 specific antibodies. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Myers, M J AU - Liu, G AU - Miller, H AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Robinson, R C AU - Friedman, F K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/31/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 31 SP - 171 EP - 176 VL - 169 IS - 1 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Immune Sera KW - Isoenzymes KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Western KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Microsomes -- enzymology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Male KW - Antibody Specificity KW - Isoenzymes -- immunology KW - Immune Sera -- immunology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- immunology KW - Peptide Fragments -- immunology KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemical synthesis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79806047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Synthetic+peptide+antigens+elicit+monoclonal+and+polyclonal+antibodies+to+cytochrome+P450+IA2.&rft.au=Myers%2C+M+J%3BLiu%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+H%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BRobinson%2C+R+C%3BFriedman%2C+F+K&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-31&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substitution of proline with pipecolic acid at the scissile bond converts a peptide substrate of HIV proteinase into a selective inhibitor. AN - 79805218; 2190554 AB - The nonapeptide H-Val-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-NH2 containing the retroviral Tyr-Pro cleavage site is a good substrate for the proteinase of human immunodeficiency viruses but it is not readily hydrolyzed by other nonviral proteinases including the structurally related pepsin-like aspartic proteinases. Replacing the Pro by L-pipecolic acid (2-piperidinecarboxylic acid) converted the substrate into an effective inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteinases with IC50 of approximately 1 microM. This compound showed a high degree of selectivity in that it did not inhibit cathepsin D and renin. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Copeland, T D AU - Wondrak, E M AU - Tozser, J AU - Roberts, M M AU - Oroszlan, S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/05/31/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 31 SP - 310 EP - 314 VL - 169 IS - 1 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Gene Products, pol KW - 0 KW - Oligopeptides KW - Pipecolic Acids KW - Protease Inhibitors KW - Proline KW - 9DLQ4CIU6V KW - Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.- KW - HIV Protease KW - EC 3.4.23.- KW - pipecolic acid KW - H254GW7PVV KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Protease Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Gene Products, pol -- metabolism KW - Endopeptidases -- metabolism KW - HIV-2 -- enzymology KW - Protease Inhibitors -- chemical synthesis KW - Oligopeptides -- pharmacology KW - HIV-1 -- enzymology KW - Oligopeptides -- chemical synthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79805218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Substitution+of+proline+with+pipecolic+acid+at+the+scissile+bond+converts+a+peptide+substrate+of+HIV+proteinase+into+a+selective+inhibitor.&rft.au=Copeland%2C+T+D%3BWondrak%2C+E+M%3BTozser%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+M+M%3BOroszlan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-05-31&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for a functional cytoplasmic domain of phagocyte oxidase cytochrome b558. AN - 79779876; 2160466 AB - Cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane proteins play a critical role in cellular processes involving interactions between membrane and cytosolic components. Activation of the phagocytic cell respiratory burst oxidase, the electron transport chain responsible for superoxide anion (O2-.) production, requires membrane components including cytochrome b558 and several cytosolic proteins; but the biochemical interactions of these components are poorly understood. Cytochrome b558 is an electron transport component of the oxidase. A role for cytochrome b558 in the organization or integration of other oxidase components has also been hypothesized. Antibodies binding the cytoplasmic carboxyl-terminal tail of the transmembrane 91-kDa subunit of cytochrome b558 specifically inhibited an amphiphile-activated cell-free O2-.-generating system that requires neutrophil membranes and cytosol. Synthetic peptides encompassing a 7-amino acid carboxyl-terminal sequence (RGVHFIF) within the same region of the 91-kDa subunit blocked activation of the oxidase by arachidonate, but did not affect activity of the assembled oxidase when added after arachidonate to the cell-free O2-.-generating system. The same peptides inhibited activation of the respiratory burst when allowed to diffuse into electrically permeabilized neutrophils before stimulation with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or phorbol myristate acetate. These studies define a functional cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane 91-kDa subunit of cytochrome b558 which may mediate interactions with other cellular proteins essential to activation of the phagocyte respiratory burst. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Rotrosen, D AU - Kleinberg, M E AU - Nunoi, H AU - Leto, T AU - Gallin, J I AU - Malech, H L AD - Bacterial Diseases Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 25 SP - 8745 EP - 8750 VL - 265 IS - 15 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome b Group KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Oligopeptides KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine KW - 59880-97-6 KW - cytochrome b558 KW - 9064-78-2 KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.6.- KW - NADPH Oxidase KW - EC 1.6.3.1 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Oligopeptides -- chemical synthesis KW - Molecular Weight KW - Arachidonic Acids -- pharmacology KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Oligopeptides -- pharmacology KW - Superoxides -- blood KW - Neutrophils -- enzymology KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases -- blood KW - Cytochrome b Group -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79779876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+a+functional+cytoplasmic+domain+of+phagocyte+oxidase+cytochrome+b558.&rft.au=Rotrosen%2C+D%3BKleinberg%2C+M+E%3BNunoi%2C+H%3BLeto%2C+T%3BGallin%2C+J+I%3BMalech%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Rotrosen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=8745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants and young children with dideoxynucleosides. AN - 79766984; 2159704 AB - The safety and activity of several antiretroviral agents are being evaluated for treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in infants and children. Intermittent oral and intravenous regimens and continuous intravenous infusion of the dideoxynucleoside, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine, AZT), have been shown to be beneficial in improving neuro-developmental function and growth velocity in pediatric patients with AIDS. AZT, however, is limited by the associated development of neutropenia and anemia, which frequently necessitates transfusions. Another dideoxynucleoside, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), also shows theoretical promise in the treatment of the pediatric AIDS population. This agent is not associated with the hematologic toxicity induced by AZT but does produce a painful sensory peripheral neuropathy. Sequential therapy with AZT and ddC may limit the toxic effects associated with the use of these drugs individually. Dideoxyinosine and soluble recombinant CD4 are two newer antiretroviral agents that are under investigation for the management of AIDS in infants and children. The activity of recombinant CD4 in preventing the transplacental transmission of human immunodeficiency virus is also being evaluated. JF - The American journal of medicine AU - Pizzo, P A AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/21/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 21 SP - 16S EP - 19S VL - 88 IS - 5B SN - 0002-9343, 0002-9343 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Infant KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Humans KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Zalcitabine -- therapeutic use KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79766984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus-infected+infants+and+young+children+with+dideoxynucleosides.&rft.au=Pizzo%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Pizzo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-05-21&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5B&rft.spage=16S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00029343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dideoxycytidine: current clinical experience and future prospects. A summary. AN - 79764366; 2159708 AB - The reverse transcriptase inhibitor 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) is capable of mediating virologic and immunologic improvements in some patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex. However, severe peripheral neuropathy often develops as a dose-limiting toxicity in ddC-treated patients. Lower doses of ddC may avoid this side effect, while retaining antiviral activity associated with this drug. A series of clinical trials is currently examining regimens employing simultaneous or alternating administration of ddC and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine). Concurrent therapy with more than one drug may allow the use of decreased drug doses and thus reduce dose-dependent toxicities, whereas alternating schedules would provide rest periods from each drug without interrupting therapy. Since zidovudine and ddC possess different toxicity profiles and zidovudine-resistant strains remain susceptible to ddC in vitro, such regimens could theoretically provide additional benefits and reduced toxicity, compared with either agent administered alone. It is hoped that these ongoing and future studies will uncover new and better ways to exploit the therapeutic potential of ddC. However, at present, ddC is an experimental drug and should not be used outside the setting of an approved clinical protocol. JF - The American journal of medicine AU - Broder, S AU - Yarchoan, R AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/21/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 21 SP - 31S EP - 33S VL - 88 IS - 5B SN - 0002-9343, 0002-9343 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Humans KW - Drug Evaluation -- trends KW - Forecasting KW - Zalcitabine -- administration & dosage KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Zalcitabine -- therapeutic use KW - Zalcitabine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79764366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Dideoxycytidine%3A+current+clinical+experience+and+future+prospects.+A+summary.&rft.au=Broder%2C+S%3BYarchoan%2C+R&rft.aulast=Broder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-05-21&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5B&rft.spage=31S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00029343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacodynamics of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine: an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus. AN - 79760674; 1692446 AB - The incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the number of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is likely to increase into the 1990s and perhaps beyond. Zidovudine, a 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside approved for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, provides immunologic, virologic, and survival benefits. However, because its hematologic toxicity can be dose-limiting, investigations are ongoing with other 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides. After zidovudine, the first of these agents to be tested was 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), the most potent inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase among the dideoxynucleosides tested thus far. Concentrations of ddC as low as 0.5 microM provide protection against HIV in cultured T cells (and monocytes), even at high multiplicities of infection. Like the other dideoxynucleosides, activation of ddC is dependent on intracellular phosphorylation to its 5'-triphosphate form. Efforts are under way to alter enzymatically the intracellular ratio of ddC-5'-triphosphate to deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate, its endogenous counterpart. ddC has relatively straightforward pharmacokinetics; it has a plasma half-life of about 1.2 hours and an oral bioavailability of about 87 percent. Approximately 75 percent of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine. Patients treated with ddC have experienced both immunologic and virologic benefit, although long-term high doses are limited by the development of painful peripheral neuropathy. Significant hematologic toxicity is not evident in most patients; low-dose regimens of ddC alone, as well as alternating or in combination with zidovudine, are being tested in an effort to retain antiviral activity while minimizing treatment toxicities. JF - The American journal of medicine AU - Broder, S AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/21/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 21 SP - 2S EP - 7S VL - 88 IS - 5B SN - 0002-9343, 0002-9343 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - DNA Polymerase II KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Animals KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- enzymology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Humans KW - DNA Polymerase II -- metabolism KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Male KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Zalcitabine -- pharmacology KW - Zalcitabine -- pharmacokinetics KW - HIV -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79760674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Pharmacodynamics+of+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxycytidine%3A+an+inhibitor+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus.&rft.au=Broder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Broder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-05-21&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5B&rft.spage=2S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00029343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dideoxycytidine (ddC): a potent antiretroviral agent for human immunodeficiency virus infection. An introduction. AN - 79760654; 2159701 JF - The American journal of medicine AU - Broder, S AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/21/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 21 VL - 88 IS - 5B SN - 0002-9343, 0002-9343 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Zidovudine -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Zalcitabine -- therapeutic use KW - Zalcitabine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79760654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Dideoxycytidine+%28ddC%29%3A+a+potent+antiretroviral+agent+for+human+immunodeficiency+virus+infection.+An+introduction.&rft.au=Broder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Broder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-05-21&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5B&rft.spage=1S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00029343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of cholera toxin activation by a guanine nucleotide-dependent 19 kDa protein. AN - 79829973; 2112955 AB - Cholera toxin causes the devastating diarrheal syndrome characteristic of cholera by catalyzing the ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, a GTP-binding regulatory protein, resulting in activation of adenylyl cyclase. ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha is enhanced by 19 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins known as ADP-ribosylation factors or ARFs. We investigated the effects of agents known to alter toxin-catalyzed activation of adenylyl cyclase on the stimulation of toxin- and toxin subunit-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha and other substrates by an ADP-ribosylation factor purified from a soluble fraction of bovine brain (sARF II). In the presence of GTP, sARF II enhanced activity of both the toxin catalytic unit and a reduced and alkylated fragment ('A1'), as a result of an increase in substrate affinity with no significant effects on Vmax. Activation of toxin was independent of Gs alpha and was stimulated 4-fold by sodium dodecyl sulfate, but abolished by Triton X-100. sARF II therefore serves as a direct allosteric activator of the A1 protein and may thus amplify the pathological effects of cholera toxin. JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Noda, M AU - Tsai, S C AU - Adamik, R AU - Moss, J AU - Vaughan, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 16 SP - 195 EP - 199 VL - 1034 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - 0 KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Polyethylene Glycols KW - 30IQX730WE KW - Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate KW - 368GB5141J KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Octoxynol KW - 9002-93-1 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - ADP-Ribosylation Factors KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate -- pharmacology KW - Brain Chemistry KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Polyethylene Glycols -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Cattle KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - ADP Ribose Transferases -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Membrane Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79829973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+cholera+toxin+activation+by+a+guanine+nucleotide-dependent+19+kDa+protein.&rft.au=Noda%2C+M%3BTsai%2C+S+C%3BAdamik%2C+R%3BMoss%2C+J%3BVaughan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Noda&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-16&rft.volume=1034&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer mortality in the U.S. flour industry. AN - 79744720; 2332902 AB - The mortality experience among 22,938 white males who were enrolled in the life insurance program of the American Federation of Grain Millers was assessed for the period 1955 through 1985 in a cohort mortality analysis and in a nested case-control analysis. Significantly fewer deaths were observed among this group than expected for all causes of death combined [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 89] compared with the number of deaths observed among the general population of U.S. white males of the same age. Excess risks for developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (SMR = 149), leukemia (SMR = 136), and pancreatic cancer (SMR = 133) were restricted to workers employed in flour mills, where pesticides are used more frequently than in other segments of the industry. In the nested case-control analysis, excess risks for developing these cancers were also observed in these workers, but the relative risk for developing NHL [odds ratio (OR) = 4.2] was approximately twice that for developing pancreatic cancer (OR = 2.2) and that for developing leukemia (OR = 1.8). Within the flour mills, the workers who had ever worked in the maintenance department (OR = 8.1) or in the elevator department (OR = 2.8) were at particularly elevated risk of developing NHL, suggesting that exposures in these departments should receive further attention. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Alavanja, M C AU - Blair, A AU - Masters, M N AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 16 SP - 840 EP - 848 VL - 82 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Leukemia -- chemically induced KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- chemically induced KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Food-Processing Industry KW - Edible Grain KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79744720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Cancer+mortality+in+the+U.S.+flour+industry.&rft.au=Alavanja%2C+M+C%3BBlair%2C+A%3BMasters%2C+M+N&rft.aulast=Alavanja&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-16&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=840&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced malignant conversion of benign mouse skin tumors by cisplatin. AN - 79742535; 2110267 AB - The chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, reported to be a complete carcinogen in rodents and a tumor initiator for mouse skin, was tested for activity to enhance the conversion of carcinogen-induced skin papillomas to carcinomas. Initiation of mouse skin by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene followed by 12 weeks of promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate produced seven to eight papillomas/mouse. Ten weekly injections of 100 micrograms of cisplatin into these papilloma-bearing mice induced a 2.3-fold enhancement of conversion relative to the spontaneous rate of 1.9%. Even a single exposure to cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice increased the carcinoma incidence to the same extent as 10 exposures to urethane, an agent previously shown to enhance malignant conversion. At the dose tested, cisplatin was inactive as a complete carcinogen or a tumor promoter. Cisplatin-DNA adducts, measured in samples from skin, liver, and kidneys, were persistent for at least 4 weeks after the last exposure to cisplatin. Thus cisplatin is a relatively potent inducer of the putative genotoxic changes required for conversion of skin tumors from a benign to a malignant phenotype. The activity of cisplatin in the initiation and malignant conversion stages in this animal model for carcinogenesis suggests that patients given cisplatin-based chemotherapy are at increased risk for the development of treatment-induced second cancers. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Hennings, H AU - Shores, R A AU - Poirier, M C AU - Reed, E AU - Tarone, R E AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 16 SP - 836 EP - 840 VL - 82 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Urethane KW - 3IN71E75Z5 KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Urethane -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Cisplatin -- toxicity KW - Papilloma -- chemically induced KW - Cisplatin -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79742535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Enhanced+malignant+conversion+of+benign+mouse+skin+tumors+by+cisplatin.&rft.au=Hennings%2C+H%3BShores%2C+R+A%3BPoirier%2C+M+C%3BReed%2C+E%3BTarone%2C+R+E%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Hennings&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-05-16&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of scrapie-associated protein and its relation to infectivity. AN - 79802720; 1971816 JF - Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association AU - Ceroni, M AD - Laboratory of CNS Studies, BNP, DIR, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 15 SP - 1684 EP - 1685 VL - 196 IS - 10 SN - 0003-1488, 0003-1488 KW - PrPSc Proteins KW - 0 KW - Prions KW - Viral Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Animal Feed KW - Slow Virus Diseases -- veterinary KW - Sheep KW - Scrapie -- transmission KW - Cattle Diseases -- transmission KW - Food Contamination KW - Scrapie -- microbiology KW - Slow Virus Diseases -- transmission KW - Scrapie -- metabolism KW - Cricetinae KW - Brain Diseases -- veterinary KW - Viral Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Prions -- physiology KW - Viral Proteins -- metabolism KW - Viral Proteins -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79802720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Veterinary+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Structure+of+scrapie-associated+protein+and+its+relation+to+infectivity.&rft.au=Ceroni%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ceroni&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-15&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1684&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Veterinary+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00031488&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exacerbation of symptoms of autoimmune disease in patients receiving alpha-interferon therapy. AN - 79800829; 2346907 AB - The occurrence of autoimmune disease in patients receiving alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) therapy has been reported in several studies; these include autoimmune thyroiditis, thrombocytopenia, anemia, exacerbation of psoriasis, and the occurrence of sarcoidosis. The primary mechanism presumably is the emergence of autoantibodies to various structural proteins or receptors. Two studies have recently shown that a significant percentage of patients treated with recombinant alpha-interferon (r alpha-IFN) do form autoantibodies. The authors report six additional cases of development or exacerbation of autoimmune phenomena in patients receiving alpha-IFN therapy. Five of these patients developed symmetric polyarthropathies and the sixth had thyroiditis. The presence of a history of underlying autoimmune disease or baseline serologic abnormalities in five of these patients, including the patient who developed thyroiditis, suggests that alpha-IFN treatment can lead to the exacerbation of an underlying subclinical autoimmune process. JF - Cancer AU - Conlon, K C AU - Urba, W J AU - Smith, J W AU - Steis, R G AU - Longo, D L AU - Clark, J W AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/05/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 15 SP - 2237 EP - 2242 VL - 65 IS - 10 SN - 0008-543X, 0008-543X KW - Autoantibodies KW - 0 KW - Interferon Type I KW - Interferon-alpha KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - interferon alfa-2a KW - 47RRR83SK7 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Graves Disease -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Eosinophilia -- chemically induced KW - Fasciitis -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Autoantibodies -- analysis KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Arthritis -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Female KW - Interferon Type I -- adverse effects KW - Interferon-alpha -- adverse effects KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79800829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer&rft.atitle=Exacerbation+of+symptoms+of+autoimmune+disease+in+patients+receiving+alpha-interferon+therapy.&rft.au=Conlon%2C+K+C%3BUrba%2C+W+J%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BSteis%2C+R+G%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BClark%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Conlon&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-05-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer&rft.issn=0008543X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An intracellular calcium increase and protein kinase C activation fail to initiate T cell proliferation in the absence of a costimulatory signal. AN - 79752446; 1970590 AB - Resting T lymphocytes proliferate in response to a combination of a calcium ionophore and a phorbol ester. This observation suggests that an increase in intracellular calcium free ion concentration [Ca2+]i and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) are sufficient signaling events for the initiation of T cell proliferation. In contrast, an accessory cell-generated costimulatory signal, acting independently of the rise in [Ca2+]i and PKC activation, is required for Ag-induced proliferation of type I T cell clones. We now report that this costimulatory signal is unexpectedly also being delivered via a cell-cell interaction during the response to ionomycin and phorbol ester. In the absence of this signal (at limiting cell numbers), T cells fail to divide. We also demonstrate that proliferation in response to immobilized anti-CD3 mAb requires the cell-cell interaction. These results suggest a model of T cell stimulation in which activation of a costimulatory signaling pathway is important in the regulation of the IL-2 gene, and only in the presence of this (third) signal can an increase in [Ca2+]i and PKC activity induce T cell proliferation. Such a model predicts that IL-2-dependent expansion of T cell clones in vivo in response to Ag receptor occupancy requires the delivery of an independent accessory cell-derived co-stimulatory signal. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Mueller, D L AU - Jenkins, M K AU - Chiodetti, L AU - Schwartz, R H AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 15 SP - 3701 EP - 3709 VL - 144 IS - 10 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD3 KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Enzyme Activation KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocyte Cooperation KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- physiology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- physiology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Division KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79752446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=An+intracellular+calcium+increase+and+protein+kinase+C+activation+fail+to+initiate+T+cell+proliferation+in+the+absence+of+a+costimulatory+signal.&rft.au=Mueller%2C+D+L%3BJenkins%2C+M+K%3BChiodetti%2C+L%3BSchwartz%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase I and immunomodulatory study of a muramyl peptide, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine. AN - 79750975; 1692252 AB - Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE; CGP 19835A from Ciba Geigy) is a synthetic muramyl tripeptide structurally related to bacterial cell wall constituents. MTP-PE activates monocytes in vitro to a tumoricidal state and has in vivo antitumor effects in animal models. We studied the toxicity and immunomodulatory effects of once weekly i.v. administration of liposomal-encapsulated MTP-PE for 8 weeks in 27 patients with advanced malignancies. Doses ranged from 0.1 to 2.7 mg/m2. No major tumor responses were seen; 11 patients had stable disease after 8 weeks of therapy and 3 continued on maintenance therapy because of minor tumor regressions and/or clinical improvement. MTP-PE at these doses was well tolerated. Shaking chills and fevers were the most common toxicities and occurred at all dose levels. There was no treatment-induced loss of performance status. Immunomodulatory studies revealed evidence of a biological effect on monocytes. C-reactive protein levels rose in the majority of patients with end-of-treatment values 2 to 10 times higher than baseline. Serum neopterin levels were consistently increased 24 h after MTP-PE administration and significant decreases in expression of two different types of Fc receptors on peripheral blood monocytes were noted 6 h after treatment. Although no major tumor responses were seen in this group of patients with advanced malignancies, MTP-PE was well tolerated and exerted biological effects on monocytes. Serum neopterin levels may be a useful marker for the biological effects of MTP-PE. JF - Cancer research AU - Urba, W J AU - Hartmann, L C AU - Longo, D L AU - Steis, R G AU - Smith, J W AU - Kedar, I AU - Creekmore, S AU - Sznol, M AU - Conlon, K AU - Kopp, W C AD - Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 15 SP - 2979 EP - 2986 VL - 50 IS - 10 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antigens, CD KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD14 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - HLA-D Antigens KW - Liposomes KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines KW - Receptors, Fc KW - mifamurtide KW - 1LM890Q4FY KW - Biopterin KW - 22150-76-1 KW - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine KW - 53678-77-6 KW - Neopterin KW - 670-65-5 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - C-Reactive Protein KW - 9007-41-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Biopterin -- biosynthesis KW - Interferon-gamma -- biosynthesis KW - Receptors, Fc -- metabolism KW - C-Reactive Protein -- biosynthesis KW - Biopterin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Drug Evaluation KW - HLA-D Antigens -- analysis KW - Antigens, CD -- metabolism KW - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic -- metabolism KW - Blood Cell Count -- drug effects KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines -- toxicity KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines -- therapeutic use KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines -- immunology KW - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine -- toxicity KW - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine -- immunology KW - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79750975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Phase+I+and+immunomodulatory+study+of+a+muramyl+peptide%2C+muramyl+tripeptide+phosphatidylethanolamine.&rft.au=Urba%2C+W+J%3BHartmann%2C+L+C%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BSteis%2C+R+G%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BKedar%2C+I%3BCreekmore%2C+S%3BSznol%2C+M%3BConlon%2C+K%3BKopp%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Urba&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-05-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generation of cell surface neoganglioproteins. GM1-neoganglioproteins are non-functional receptors for cholera toxin. AN - 79754457; 2159009 AB - GM1 (II3Neu5Ac-GgOse4Cer)-oligosaccharide was prepared from the ganglioside by ozonolysis and alkaline fragmentation, reductively aminated and coupled to the heterobifunctional cross-linker succinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate. The resulting derivative reacted with free sulfhydryl groups and readily cross-linked to cell surface components on rat glioma C6 cells which are GM1-deficient. Attachment of the GM1-oligosaccharide derivative, which was monitored by increased binding of 125I-cholera toxin to the cells, was both time- and concentration-dependent. Prior treatment of the cells with dithiothreitol enhanced the attachment by generating additional free sulfhydryl groups. The affinity of cholera toxin for cells treated with the GM1-oligosaccharide derivative or with GM1 was similar. The nature of the newly generated toxin receptors was determined by Western blotting. Membranes from derivatized cells were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the resolved components were electrophoretically transferred to a nitrocellulose sheet which was overlain with 125I-cholera toxin. The toxin bound to a wide variety of membrane proteins, most of which were trypsin-sensitive. No such binding was observed using membranes from control cells. Although the GM1-neoganglioproteins newly generated on the surface of rat glioma C6 cells readily bound cholera toxin, the cells did not become more responsive to the toxin as measured by increased production of cyclic AMP or activation of adenylate cyclase. In contrast, cells exposed to GM1 became highly responsive to the toxin. Thus, neoganglioproteins on the cell surface appear to behave as nonfunctional receptors for cholera toxin. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Pacuszka, T AU - Fishman, P H AD - Membrane Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 05 SP - 7673 EP - 7678 VL - 265 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Gangliosides KW - 0 KW - Glycoproteins KW - Oligosaccharides KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Receptors, Immunologic KW - choleragen receptor KW - G(M1) Ganglioside KW - 37758-47-7 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Brain KW - Oligosaccharides -- chemical synthesis KW - Rats KW - Gangliosides -- isolation & purification KW - Cattle KW - Kinetics KW - Carbohydrate Sequence KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Glioma KW - Cell Line KW - Glycoproteins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Immunologic -- metabolism KW - G(M1) Ganglioside -- metabolism KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79754457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Generation+of+cell+surface+neoganglioproteins.+GM1-neoganglioproteins+are+non-functional+receptors+for+cholera+toxin.&rft.au=Pacuszka%2C+T%3BFishman%2C+P+H&rft.aulast=Pacuszka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-05-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7673&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From the National Institutes of Health. AN - 79723599; 2157902 JF - JAMA AU - Raub, W AD - National Institutes of Health. Y1 - 1990/05/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 02 SP - 2292 VL - 263 IS - 17 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Receptors, HIV KW - 0 KW - Heparin KW - 9005-49-6 KW - Tissue Plasminogen Activator KW - EC 3.4.21.68 KW - Acyclovir KW - X4HES1O11F KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Virus Replication KW - United States KW - Registries KW - Receptors, HIV -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Gene Expression KW - Drug Resistance, Microbial KW - Simplexvirus -- drug effects KW - Multiple Myeloma -- genetics KW - Acyclovir -- pharmacology KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency KW - Multiple Myeloma -- pathology KW - Heparin -- pharmacology KW - HIV Infections -- therapy KW - Tissue Plasminogen Activator -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79723599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=From+the+National+Institutes+of+Health.&rft.au=Raub%2C+W&rft.aulast=Raub&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-05-02&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lymphocytic lymphoma of intermediate differentiation: morphologic, immunophenotypic, and prognostic factors. AN - 79722448; 2182891 AB - Diffuse intermediately differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (IDL) is a rare (approximately 2.5%) histologic subtype of malignant lymphoma. We have reviewed the morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features of this disease in 23 patients treated at the National Cancer Institute in the 25-year period between 1963 and 1988. These tumors are uniformly of B-cell origin, but most of them express the T-cell antigen CD5; lambda light chain was expressed nearly twice as frequently as kappa. Median age at diagnosis was 58 years; all patients presented with stage III or IV disease, and the natural history of disease in these patients was heterogeneous. Median survival of patients was more than 5 years, but those with liver involvement documented by biopsy had a significantly shorter survival. No other prognostic factor or combination of prognostic factors significantly affected survival in this small series; however, patients with high expression of the proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67, absence of cell-surface antigens CD9 and CD10, and blastic morphology appeared to have poorer survival. Treatment was heterogeneous, but patients who achieved a complete response to combination chemotherapy survived longer than patients who failed to achieve a complete response. Only two patients had complete responses lasting longer than 2 years. Unlike patients with follicular lymphoma, those with relapsed IDL did not undergo histologic progression of the disease to an aggressive lymphoma. However, as with patients with follicular lymphoma, it was possible to observe patients with IDL without therapy for periods up to 5 years. Although a significant minority of patients may have very aggressive disease, it appears that, in most patients, IDL behaves similarly to other lymphomas with indolent histology, and thus, an optimal therapeutic approach has not yet been defined. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Bookman, M A AU - Lardelli, P AU - Jaffe, E S AU - Duffey, P L AU - Longo, D L AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/05/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 02 SP - 742 EP - 748 VL - 82 IS - 9 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Vincristine KW - 5J49Q6B70F KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Prednisone KW - VB0R961HZT KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Vincristine -- administration & dosage KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Prognosis KW - Aged KW - Phenotype KW - Whole-Body Irradiation KW - Prospective Studies KW - Survival Rate KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prednisone -- administration & dosage KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell -- immunology KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell -- pathology KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79722448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Lymphocytic+lymphoma+of+intermediate+differentiation%3A+morphologic%2C+immunophenotypic%2C+and+prognostic+factors.&rft.au=Bookman%2C+M+A%3BLardelli%2C+P%3BJaffe%2C+E+S%3BDuffey%2C+P+L%3BLongo%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Bookman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-02&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=742&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advantage of dose fractionation in monoclonal antibody-targeted radioimmunotherapy. AN - 79721937; 2182892 AB - Monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 IgG was radiolabeled with 131I and administered to female athymic NCr-nu mice bearing the LS-174T human colon adenocarcinoma xenograft to determine if fractionation of MAb dose had any advantage in tumor therapy. In the LS-174T xenograft, only approximately 30%-60% of tumor cells express the B72.3-reactive TAG-72 antigen. The LS-174T xenograft was used to reflect the heterogeneity of the TAG-72 antigen often seen in biopsy specimens from patients. In contrast to a single 600-muCi dose of 131I-B72.3 IgG where 60% of the animals died from toxic effects, two 300-muCi doses of 131I-B72.3 IgG (total of 600 muCi) reduced or eliminated tumor growth in 90% of mice, with only 10% of the animals dying from toxic effects. Dose fractionation even permitted escalation of the dose to three doses (each 1 wk apart) of 300 muCi of 131I-B72.3 IgG (for a total of 900 muCi), resulting in even more extensive tumor reduction or elimination and minimal toxic effects. The use of an isotype-matched control MAb revealed a nonspecific component to tumor growth retardation, but the use of the specific B72.3 IgG demonstrated a much greater therapeutic effect. Tumors that had escaped MAb therapy were analyzed for expression of the B72.3-reactive TAG-72 antigen with the use of the immunoperoxidase method; they were shown to have the same antigenic phenotype as the untreated tumors. We verified tumor elimination by killing the test animals after a 7-week observation period and performing histologic examination of tumor sites. We also monitored toxic effects by histologic examination of numerous organs, including bone marrow. These studies thus demonstrate the advantage of dose fractionation of a radiolabeled MAb for tumor therapy. We anticipate that the concept of dose fractionation can be practically applied in radioimmunotherapeutic clinical trials with the development and use of recombinant-chimeric MAbs and modified constructs. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Schlom, J AU - Molinolo, A AU - Simpson, J F AU - Siler, K AU - Roselli, M AU - Hinkle, G AU - Houchens, D P AU - Colcher, D AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 02 SP - 763 EP - 771 VL - 82 IS - 9 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Neoplasm KW - Glycoproteins KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - tumor-associated antigen 72 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Immunoglobulin G -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Glycoproteins -- analysis KW - Bone Marrow Diseases -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Antigens, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- immunology KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- therapy KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- adverse effects KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79721937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Advantage+of+dose+fractionation+in+monoclonal+antibody-targeted+radioimmunotherapy.&rft.au=Schlom%2C+J%3BMolinolo%2C+A%3BSimpson%2C+J+F%3BSiler%2C+K%3BRoselli%2C+M%3BHinkle%2C+G%3BHouchens%2C+D+P%3BColcher%2C+D&rft.aulast=Schlom&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-02&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural basis for mechanical transduction in the frog vestibular sensory apparatus: I. The otolithic membrane. AN - 85145540; pmid-2358412 AB - The mechanical coupling of the otoliths to the hair cell sensory stereocilia at the surface of the vestibular sensory epithelium is mediated by two layers of extracellular matrix, each one with a specific role in the mechanical transduction process. The first is a rigid layer in direct contact with the otolithic mass and is known as the otolithic membrane or gelatin membrane. This structure consists of a dense, randomly cross linked filament network that uniformly distributes the force of inertia of the non-uniform otolithic mass to all stereocilia bundles. The second layer formed by a columnar organization of filaments secures the otolithic membrane above the surface of the epithelium. The long columnar filaments are organized in parallel to the stereocilia bundles and are anchored to the apical surface of the supporting cells. The zonula adherens at the apical region of each supporting cell displays a thick polygonal bundle of actin filaments forming at the surface of the epithelium a transcellular honeycomb organization that provides mechanical ground support for the columnar filament layer. The dominant aspect of this columnar filament layer indicates that it may also have an important role in attenuating the force of inertia of the large otolithic mass during acceleration, screening stresses that would be directed to an effective bending of the stereocilia bundles. JF - Hearing Research AU - Kachar Bechara AU - Parakkal, M AU - Fex, J AD - National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders PY - 1990 SP - 179 EP - 190 VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85145540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=Structural+basis+for+mechanical+transduction+in+the+frog+vestibular+sensory+apparatus%3A+I.+The+otolithic+membrane.&rft.au=Kachar+Bechara%3BParakkal%2C+M%3BFex%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kachar+Bechara&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A three-dimensional model of tongue movement based on ultrasound and x-ray microbeam data. AN - 85144040; pmid-2189921 AB - Point-tracking techniques provide timing information about structural movements of the tongue. Imaging techniques provide information about cross-sectional and pharyngeal tongue shape and movement. This study joined these techniques in a single subject. Five pellets on the tongue surface were tracked using x-ray microbeam, and the midsagittal and coronal planes of the tongue were imaged using real-time ultrasound. The speech materials were the consonants [s] and [l] and the vowels [i], [a], and [o] combined in VCVCe utterances. Analyses concentrated on the difference in tongue movements related to the two consonants. A model of tongue movement was developed, in which critical features of consonant shape and position dominated the tongue opening movement. In this model, the tongue is divided into subdivisions termed "functional segments" in both the sagittal and coronal planes. Movements of the functional segments created observable opening movement patterns. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Stone, M AD - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 2207 EP - 2217 VL - 87 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85144040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+three-dimensional+model+of+tongue+movement+based+on+ultrasound+and+x-ray+microbeam+data.&rft.au=Stone%2C+M&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of viable intestinal epithelial cells and their use for in vitro toxicity studies. AN - 80396031; 1966803 AB - The application of the collagenase portal vein perfusion technique for the isolation of intestinal cells resulted in the preparation of highly viable enterocytes. Cell viability was found to be greater than 90% as tested by LDH release and Trypan blue exclusion techniques. According to the results of marker enzyme determinations, collected cells were mostly of matured villus type, characterized by high disaccharidase and very low thymidine kinase activity. In vitro treatment of the isolated cells with the anticancer agent cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) caused decrease of the metabolic processes, i.e. glucose oxidation and protein synthesis, demonstrating that beyond the production of DNA-crosslinks other mechanisms may play a role in the cytotoxic effect of the drug. It should be stressed, however, that prolonged incubation of the cell suspension over 30 min at physiological temperature may itself lead to gradual decrease of the viability and to disturbance of the metabolic activity of the cells. JF - In vivo (Athens, Greece) AU - Kralovánszky, J AU - Harrington, F AU - Greenwell, A AU - Melnick, R AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 201 EP - 204 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0258-851X, 0258-851X KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Sodium Compounds KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Microbial Collagenase KW - EC 3.4.24.3 KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- pharmacology KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Cell Survival KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - Cisplatin -- pharmacology KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Intestine, Small -- cytology KW - Intestine, Small -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80396031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+vivo+%28Athens%2C+Greece%29&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+viable+intestinal+epithelial+cells+and+their+use+for+in+vitro+toxicity+studies.&rft.au=Kralov%C3%A1nszky%2C+J%3BHarrington%2C+F%3BGreenwell%2C+A%3BMelnick%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kralov%C3%A1nszky&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+vivo+%28Athens%2C+Greece%29&rft.issn=0258851X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1992-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - trans-Dominant suppressor mutations of the H-ras oncogene. AN - 80310205; 2150753 AB - Site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved sequence motifs of p21 generated a group of mutant p21s defective in GTP binding. Some of these mutants were highly transforming, whereas others were transformation defective. Among the latter group, we found two mutants, derived from the v-H-ras oncogene by substituting the asparagine-116 with tyrosine and isoleucine, that exhibited a trans-dominant activity of suppressing the transformed phenotype of NIH3T3 cells induced by a long terminal repeat-linked c-H-ras and a wild-type v-H-ras. They caused reduction of the colony-forming efficiency in soft agar (78% in c-ras-transformed cells; 55% in v-ras cells) and morphological reversion of ras transformants. Subclones of revertants expressed a great excess of mutant p21 relative to the c-ras p21 present in these cells. These mutants were not lethal to NIH3T3 cells. Apparently, defective proteins encoded by suppressor mutants sequestered vital targets for ras function. Suppressor mutants also induced morphological reversion of NIH3T3 cells transformed by src, fes/flp, sis, and fms oncogenes, suggesting that these oncogenes function upstream to ras in the signaling pathways. Cells transformed by mos and a chemical carcinogen were unaffected. JF - Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Ogiso, Y AU - Gutierrez, L AU - Wrathall, L S AU - Lu, Y Y AU - Blair, D G AU - Clanton, D J AU - Hwang, Y W AU - Shih, T Y AD - Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 217 EP - 224 VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 1044-9523, 1044-9523 KW - EJ H-ras KW - H-ras KW - c-H-ras KW - c-ras KW - fes/flp KW - fms KW - mos KW - ras KW - sis KW - src KW - v-H-ras KW - Oncogene Proteins KW - 0 KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Ethyl Methanesulfonate KW - 9H154DI0UP KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Fibroblasts KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Oncogene Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Base Sequence KW - Oncogenes KW - Genes, Dominant KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Signal Transduction -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Consensus Sequence KW - Oncogene Proteins -- physiology KW - Cell Line KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) -- genetics KW - Genes, ras KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- physiology KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80310205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=trans-Dominant+suppressor+mutations+of+the+H-ras+oncogene.&rft.au=Ogiso%2C+Y%3BGutierrez%2C+L%3BWrathall%2C+L+S%3BLu%2C+Y+Y%3BBlair%2C+D+G%3BClanton%2C+D+J%3BHwang%2C+Y+W%3BShih%2C+T+Y&rft.aulast=Ogiso&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10449523&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - EJ H-ras; H-ras; c-H-ras; c-ras; fes/flp; fms; mos; ras; sis; src; v-H-ras N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colocalization of TGF-beta 1 and collagen I and III, fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans during lung branching morphogenesis. AN - 80025123; 2209468 AB - The possible in vivo role of TGF-beta 1 in regulating various proteins of the extracellular matrix, including fibronectin, collagen I and III, and glycosaminoglycans, was examined by immunohistochemical methods during critical stages of lung morphogenesis in the 11- to 18-day-old mouse embryo. Sections of Bouin-fixed, paraffin-embedded whole embryos were exposed to polyclonal antibodies specific to synthetic peptides present in the precursor part of TGF-beta 1 (pro-TGF-beta 1), in the processed TGF-beta 1 (antibody CC), collagen I and III, fibronectin, followed by the PAP or ABC technique to visualize the location of the antibody. GAG were stained with Alcian Blue 8GX. Our results indicate colocalization of TGF-beta 1 expression and that of matrix proteins in the developing lung when branching morphogenesis (cleft formation) and tissue stabilization occur. The presence of TGF-beta 1 at the epithelial-mesenchymal interfaces of stalks and clefts at a time when matrix proteins can first be visualized in these areas, suggests a direct participation of the growth factor in the development of the basic architecture of the lung. JF - Development (Cambridge, England) AU - Heine, U I AU - Munoz, E F AU - Flanders, K C AU - Roberts, A B AU - Sporn, M B AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 29 EP - 36 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0950-1991, 0950-1991 KW - Fibronectins KW - 0 KW - Glycosaminoglycans KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Extracellular Matrix -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Morphogenesis KW - Mice KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- analysis KW - Fibronectins -- analysis KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Collagen -- analysis KW - Lung -- embryology KW - Glycosaminoglycans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80025123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Development+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Colocalization+of+TGF-beta+1+and+collagen+I+and+III%2C+fibronectin+and+glycosaminoglycans+during+lung+branching+morphogenesis.&rft.au=Heine%2C+U+I%3BMunoz%2C+E+F%3BFlanders%2C+K+C%3BRoberts%2C+A+B%3BSporn%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Heine&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Development+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09501991&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proliferation of anti-proliferation factors. AN - 79945130; 2201342 JF - Cancer cells (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : 1989) AU - Barrett, J C AU - Boyd, J A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 152 EP - 155 VL - 2 IS - 5 SN - 1042-2196, 1042-2196 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Suppression, Genetic -- physiology KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Growth Substances -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79945130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.atitle=Proliferation+of+anti-proliferation+factors.&rft.au=Barrett%2C+J+C%3BBoyd%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.issn=10422196&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocellular carcinogenesis: recent advances and speculations. AN - 79941511; 2167112 JF - Cancer cells (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : 1989) AU - Harris, C C AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 146 EP - 148 VL - 2 IS - 5 SN - 1042-2196, 1042-2196 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- etiology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79941511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.atitle=Hepatocellular+carcinogenesis%3A+recent+advances+and+speculations.&rft.au=Harris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.issn=10422196&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase II trial of sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil with leucovorin in children with sarcomas. AN - 79935572; 2384304 JF - Investigational new drugs AU - Balis, F M AU - Gillespie, A AU - Belasco, J AU - Reaman, G H AU - Ettinger, L J AU - Murphy, R F AU - Doherty, K AU - Jeffries, S AU - Horowitz, M E AU - Poplack, D G AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 181 EP - 182 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6997, 0167-6997 KW - Leucovorin KW - Q573I9DVLP KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Methotrexate KW - YL5FZ2Y5U1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Leucovorin -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Child, Preschool KW - Fluorouracil -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Fluorouracil -- adverse effects KW - Methotrexate -- pharmacokinetics KW - Methotrexate -- adverse effects KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Drug Synergism KW - Fluorouracil -- pharmacokinetics KW - Methotrexate -- administration & dosage KW - Male KW - Female KW - Sarcoma, Ewing -- drug therapy KW - Rhabdomyosarcoma -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79935572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.atitle=Phase+II+trial+of+sequential+methotrexate+and+5-fluorouracil+with+leucovorin+in+children+with+sarcomas.&rft.au=Balis%2C+F+M%3BGillespie%2C+A%3BBelasco%2C+J%3BReaman%2C+G+H%3BEttinger%2C+L+J%3BMurphy%2C+R+F%3BDoherty%2C+K%3BJeffries%2C+S%3BHorowitz%2C+M+E%3BPoplack%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Balis&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.issn=01676997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical toxicity associated with tiazofurin. AN - 79934665; 2200759 AB - Tiazofurin, an investigational antimetabolite, is undergoing clinical evaluation in leukemia. We analyzed the data base of 198 patients entered in Phase I trials to characterize the incidence and severity of toxicities associated with tiazofurin according to dose and schedule. Severe myelosuppression occurred infrequently, and was not dose-dependent. A five day bolus schedule had a higher incidence of severe or life-threatening neutropenia than other schedules. Tiazofurin produced lymphopenia which was not dose-dependent in the range of 23-36% decrease from baseline, and the effect on lymphocyte count was generally greater than the decline in neutrophil count. Non-hematologic toxicity of a moderate or worse severity (greater than or equal to grade 2) included nausea and vomiting (18% of all courses), serum transaminase elevations (SGOT, 16%; SGPT, 9%), rash (9%), stomatitis (3%), conjunctivitis (3%), headache (10%), other signs of central nervous system toxicity (8%), and cardiac toxicity, primarily pleuropericarditis (4%). Dose-related cutaneous toxicity, headache, and nausea and vomiting were evident in the five day bolus schedule, and myalgia was more frequently reported at higher doses on the single dose schedule. The five day continuous infusion (CI) schedule had a higher incidence of neurotoxicity, cardiac toxicity, SGPT elevations and ocular toxicity than the daily for five days bolus schedule, but none of these differences attained statistical significance. Although the peak plasma concentrations of tiazofurin achieved with the five day bolus schedule were 3-fold higher than the steady-state plasma levels seen with an equal dose given by CI, the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was approximately 1.6-fold higher with CI. These observations suggest that both high peak plasma concentrations (above 400 microM) and prolonged exposure to plasma levels exceeding 50 microM may result in a higher incidence of serious non-hematologic toxicity. JF - Investigational new drugs AU - Grem, J L AU - Rubinstein, L AU - King, S A AU - Cheson, B D AU - Hawkins, M J AU - Shoemaker, D D AD - Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 227 EP - 238 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6997, 0167-6997 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Ribonucleosides KW - Ribavirin KW - 49717AWG6K KW - tiazofurin KW - ULJ82834RE KW - Index Medicus KW - Nausea -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Leukopenia -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ulcer -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Heart Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Vomiting -- chemically induced KW - Ulcer -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Ribonucleosides -- adverse effects KW - Ribavirin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ribavirin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ribavirin -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79934665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.atitle=Clinical+toxicity+associated+with+tiazofurin.&rft.au=Grem%2C+J+L%3BRubinstein%2C+L%3BKing%2C+S+A%3BCheson%2C+B+D%3BHawkins%2C+M+J%3BShoemaker%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Grem&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.issn=01676997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypersensitivity reactions to trimetrexate. AN - 79932456; 2143501 AB - Trimetrexate is a nonclassical antifol currently being tested for efficacy in cancer patients and as an antiparasitic agent against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. We have now received the first reports of hypersensitivity reactions in Phase II cancer trials. Two types of reactions were noted. The most severe reaction, immediate hypotension with loss of consciousness, occurred in only one patient. Four other patients exhibited an immediate systemic effect with one or more of the following symptoms: facial flushing, fever, shaking, pruritus, bronchospasm, periorbital edema, and difficulty in swallowing. Immediate hypersensitivity should now be considered a known side effect of trimetrexate therapy, occurring in less than 2% of patients. JF - Investigational new drugs AU - Grem, J L AU - King, S A AU - Costanza, M E AU - Brown, T D AD - Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 211 EP - 214 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6997, 0167-6997 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Folic Acid Antagonists KW - Quinazolines KW - Trimetrexate KW - UPN4ITI8T4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Humans KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Folic Acid Antagonists -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Quinazolines -- therapeutic use KW - Folic Acid Antagonists -- adverse effects KW - Quinazolines -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79932456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.atitle=Hypersensitivity+reactions+to+trimetrexate.&rft.au=Grem%2C+J+L%3BKing%2C+S+A%3BCostanza%2C+M+E%3BBrown%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Grem&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.issn=01676997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of trimetrexate using a 24-hour continuous-injection schedule. AN - 79932339; 2143500 AB - Trimetrexate (TMTX) is an analog of methotrexate and a potent inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. In this phase I study, TMTX was given intravenously to 32 patients as a constant infusion over 24 hours every 28 days. The maximum-tolerated dose of TMTX was 200 mg/m2, with myelosuppression as the dose-limiting toxicity. Other toxicities included nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, erythema and phlebitis at the site of infusion, rash and skin hyperpigmentation, and elevated serum hepatic enzymes. Two drug-related deaths occurred secondary to leukopenia and sepsis. Twenty-six patients were evaluable for antitumor response. Twenty-one patients had progressive disease, while three patients had disease stabilization. There were two partial responses observed--one in a patient with breast cancer and a second in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TMTX pharmacokinetics were studied in 15 patients. The drug had a mean terminal half-life of 13 hours. Steady-state was not achieved during the 24-hour infusions. Only 6% of the parent compound was excreted unchanged in the urine, and CSF levels averaged less than 2% of simultaneously measured plasma levels. A dose of 150 mg/m2 is recommended for phase II trials of TMTX using this 24-hour infusion schedule. JF - Investigational new drugs AU - Allegra, C J AU - Jenkins, J AU - Weiss, R B AU - Balis, F AU - Drake, J C AU - Brooks, J AU - Thomas, R AU - Curt, G A AD - Clinical Pharmacology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 159 EP - 166 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6997, 0167-6997 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Quinazolines KW - Trimetrexate KW - UPN4ITI8T4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Quinazolines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Quinazolines -- administration & dosage KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Quinazolines -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79932339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.atitle=A+phase+I+and+pharmacokinetic+study+of+trimetrexate+using+a+24-hour+continuous-injection+schedule.&rft.au=Allegra%2C+C+J%3BJenkins%2C+J%3BWeiss%2C+R+B%3BBalis%2C+F%3BDrake%2C+J+C%3BBrooks%2C+J%3BThomas%2C+R%3BCurt%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Allegra&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Investigational+new+drugs&rft.issn=01676997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - cDNA-directed expression of rat P450s IIA1 and IIA2. Catalytic activities toward steroids and xenobiotics and comparison with the enzymes purified from liver. AN - 79914587; 1974203 AB - Cytochromes P-450IIA1 and IIA2 are steroid hydroxylases that are expressed in rat liver. The cDNAs for these enzymes were recently sequenced and compared. To study and compare the catalytic activities of IIA1 and IIA2, their cDNAs were inserted into a vaccinia virus expression vector and expressed in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells. IIA2 was able to efficiently catalyze ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation and propoxycoumarin O-depropylation, while IIA1 was inactive toward these substrates. Neither enzyme could catalyze ethoxy- and pentoxyresorufin dealkylation reactions. Both cDNA-expressed IIA1 and IIA2 metabolize testosterone and these activities were quantitatively and qualitatively similar to those obtained with the purified enzymes. IIA1 produced 7 alpha-hydroxy, 6 alpha-hydroxy, and delta 6-testosterone at ratios of 9:0.5:0.5 while IIA2 formed 15 alpha-hydroxytestosterone, an unknown metabolite and four minor metabolites. Progesterone metabolism was also studied. IIA1 yielded a 9.5:0.5 ratio of 7 alpha-hydroxy and 6 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, while IIA2 produced at least six metabolites. These studies establish the conditions and verify the reliability and accuracy of the vaccinia virus expression system for studies on the enzymology of IIA1 and IIA2. JF - Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals AU - Aoyama, T AU - Korzekwa, K AU - Matsunaga, T AU - Nagata, K AU - Gillette, J AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 378 EP - 382 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0090-9556, 0090-9556 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Steroids KW - Xenobiotics KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Heme KW - 42VZT0U6YR KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Testosterone -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Rats KW - Vaccinia virus -- enzymology KW - Biotransformation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Progesterone -- metabolism KW - Heme -- metabolism KW - Catalysis KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Xenobiotics -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Steroids -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79914587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.atitle=cDNA-directed+expression+of+rat+P450s+IIA1+and+IIA2.+Catalytic+activities+toward+steroids+and+xenobiotics+and+comparison+with+the+enzymes+purified+from+liver.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BKorzekwa%2C+K%3BMatsunaga%2C+T%3BNagata%2C+K%3BGillette%2C+J%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+and+disposition%3A+the+biological+fate+of+chemicals&rft.issn=00909556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Garlic: a review of its relationship to malignant disease. AN - 79907320; 2198557 AB - Garlic (Allium sativum) has had an important dietary and medicinal role for centuries. It is now known that garlic contains chemical constituents with antibiotic, lipid-lowering, detoxification, and other medicinal effects in the body. This article reviews some of the physiological characteristics of garlic and examines the relationship between garlic and cancer prevention and treatment. Hypotheses regarding the possible role of garlic in modulating mechanisms that may alter the carcinogenic process are discussed. JF - Preventive medicine AU - Dausch, J G AU - Nixon, D W AD - Cancer Prevention Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 346 EP - 361 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7435, 0091-7435 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Garlic -- analysis KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79907320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Garlic%3A+a+review+of+its+relationship+to+malignant+disease.&rft.au=Dausch%2C+J+G%3BNixon%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Dausch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Preventive+medicine&rft.issn=00917435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of VM-26 and lonidamine on a B16 melanoma cell line. AN - 79867963; 2369079 AB - The treatment of exponentially-growing B16 melanoma cells with teniposide causes a dose- and time-dependent decrease of cell survival. By means of the nucleoid technique, the formation of double strand breaks was demonstrated in the nuclei of the treated cells, indicating a possible involvement of topoisomerase II. DNA double strand breaks were rapidly but ineffectively repaired. Morphometric and densitometric analyses showed that teniposide treatment causes a considerable increase of nuclear area, nuclear DNA and cell size, associated with a lowering of the mitotic index to less than one hundredth of that of the controls. The cytocidal effect of VM-26 can be potentiated by the addition of a non-lethal dose of lonidamine, whose synergism is particularly evident at low teniposide concentrations. JF - Anticancer research AU - Bellelli, A AU - Bellelli, L AU - Di Palma, M AU - Lorenzon, I AU - Mattioni, M AU - Nista, A AU - Pavese, I AU - Rusconi, V AU - Sezzi, M L AD - Laboratory of Physiopathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. PY - 1990 SP - 565 EP - 577 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0250-7005, 0250-7005 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Indazoles KW - Pyrazoles KW - Teniposide KW - 957E6438QA KW - Podophyllotoxin KW - L36H50F353 KW - lonidamine KW - U78804BIDR KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - Melanoma, Experimental KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Indazoles -- pharmacology KW - Podophyllotoxin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Teniposide -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79867963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anticancer+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+VM-26+and+lonidamine+on+a+B16+melanoma+cell+line.&rft.au=Bellelli%2C+A%3BBellelli%2C+L%3BDi+Palma%2C+M%3BLorenzon%2C+I%3BMattioni%2C+M%3BNista%2C+A%3BPavese%2C+I%3BRusconi%2C+V%3BSezzi%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Bellelli&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anticancer+research&rft.issn=02507005&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The where, what and how of ribosomal frameshifting in retroviral protein synthesis. AN - 79855520; 2193436 AB - The gag and pol genes of most retroviruses occur in different reading frames and their translation as a single polypeptide is carried out by ribosomal frameshifting in the -1 direction. The alignment of the different reading frames occurs by overlapping reading in response to at least two signals within the RNA: one is a heptanucleotide stretch at the frameshift site and the other is a stem-loop structure which occurs just downstream of the first signal. JF - Trends in biochemical sciences AU - Hatfield, D AU - Oroszlan, S AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 186 EP - 190 VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 0968-0004, 0968-0004 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Retroviridae Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Ribosomes -- metabolism KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Retroviridae Proteins -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79855520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+biochemical+sciences&rft.atitle=The+where%2C+what+and+how+of+ribosomal+frameshifting+in+retroviral+protein+synthesis.&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+D%3BOroszlan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+biochemical+sciences&rft.issn=09680004&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organ-specific hematopoietic changes induced by a recombinant human interferon-alpha in mice. AN - 79852143; 2361570 AB - Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is a naturally occurring cytokine that mediates numerous biological activities and has demonstrated therapeutic potential in a variety of malignancies. Encouraging activity against HIV-1 replication has also been observed with IFN-alpha in the treatment of AIDS, although hematotoxicity has been a frequently observed side effect. In addition, in vitro studies have suggested that IFN-alpha may function as a down-regulator of myelopoiesis. A recombinant hybrid of subtypes of human IFN-alpha, rHuIFN-alpha A/D, has antiviral activity in murine cells in vitro and in vivo. This study examines the effect of acute and subchronic exposure to rHuIFN-alpha A/D on hemopoietic and immune parameters in C57Bl/6 mice. IFN-alpha was administered ip at 0, 1000, 10,000, and 100,000 units/day for either 1 or 10 consecutive days. Many of the known effects of IFN-alpha in humans such as anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in mice following subchronic exposure, with the latter two effects also manifested following acute exposure. Further analysis showed that this leukopenia was not selective. Both splenic and bone marrow cells were examined following 10 days of dosing with the high dose of IFN-alpha. Lymphocytes were reduced in both compartments, while granulocytes were increased in both compartments. Bone marrow cells programmed to differentiate into granulocytes (CFU-G) were suppressed, while macrophage progenitors (CFU-M) were stimulated. Erythroid cells decreased in the marrow but increased in the spleen, suggesting that the microenvironment may play a significant role in the effect of IFN-alpha. The proliferative capacity of both B and T splenic lymphocytes was significantly suppressed in a dose-related fashion following multiple exposure to IFN-alpha. Clinically, IFN-alpha is most often given in multiple doses and the present data suggest that such a regimen is toxic to both erythroid and myeloid cells, as well as being immunotoxic to splenic B and T lymphocytes. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Rosenthal, G J AU - Stranahan, R P AU - Thompson, M AU - Blair, P AU - Germolec, D R AU - Comment, C E AU - Schwab, K AU - Luster, M I AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 666 EP - 675 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Interferon Type I KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.14 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase -- blood KW - Bone Marrow -- physiology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Interferon Type I -- pharmacology KW - Hematopoiesis -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79852143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Organ-specific+hematopoietic+changes+induced+by+a+recombinant+human+interferon-alpha+in+mice.&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+G+J%3BStranahan%2C+R+P%3BThompson%2C+M%3BBlair%2C+P%3BGermolec%2C+D+R%3BComment%2C+C+E%3BSchwab%2C+K%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dermal toxicity and carcinogenicity of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide in Fischer rats and B6C3F1 mice. AN - 79851561; 2361575 AB - 4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide (VCHD) is used as a chemical intermediate and as a reactive diluent for diepoxides and epoxy resins. Studies were conducted by administering VCHD in acetone by dermal application, 5 days per week for 105 weeks, to groups of 60 rats of each sex at 0, 15, or 30 mg/animal. Groups of 60 mice of each sex were administered 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/animal on the same schedule for up to 103 weeks. Ten animals from each group were humanely killed, necropsied, and examined histopathologically during Month 15. At the 15-month evaluation, 2 of 10 male rats that received 30 mg had a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin at or adjacent to the site of application. Squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas were seen in all mice that received 5 or 10 mg. Two of nine female mice given 10 mg had granulosa cell tumors of the ovary, and one of nine female mice given 10 mg had an ovarian papillary cystadenoma. In the 2-year studies, body weight and survival were lower in high-dose rats and mid- and high-dose mice than in vehicle controls. All high-dose male mice died by Week 83; remaining high-dose female mice were killed during Week 84 for humane reasons. Squamous cell papillomas of the skin in dermally exposed male rats and squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell adenomas or carcinomas of the skin in exposed male and female rats were increased. The incidence of squamous cell carcinomas of the skin was increased in male and female mice at all dose levels. Mid- and high-dose female mice had an increased incidence of benign or malignant granulosa cell tumors and of benign mixed tumors of the ovary. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Chhabra, R S AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J AU - Jokinen, M P AU - Hetjmancik, M AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 752 EP - 763 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cyclohexanes KW - Cyclohexenes KW - Vinyl Compounds KW - 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide KW - 596C064IG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Skin Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Carcinoma, Papillary -- chemically induced KW - Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Administration, Topical KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Vinyl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cyclohexanes -- toxicity KW - Cyclohexanes -- administration & dosage KW - Vinyl Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79851561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dermal+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene+diepoxide+in+Fischer+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Chhabra%2C+R+S%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J%3BJokinen%2C+M+P%3BHetjmancik%2C+M&rft.aulast=Chhabra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide after 13 weeks of dermal or oral exposure in rats and mice. AN - 79851510; 2361574 AB - 4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide (VCHD) is used as a chemical intermediate and as a reactive diluent for diepoxides and epoxy resins. Toxicology studies were conducted by administering VCHD in acetone by dermal application or in corn oil by gavage to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice for 13 weeks. In the 13-week dermal studies, groups of 10 rats of each sex received 0.3 ml of VCHD in acetone at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 200 mg/ml, and mice received 0.1 ml at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 mg/ml. Skin lesions were observed at the site of application at the top two dose levels for both species and sexes, and consisted of acanthosis, parakeratosis, and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis and sebaceous gland hyperplasia. In mice, follicular atrophy of the ovary, characterized by decreased numbers of primary and secondary follicles, occurred at the 50- and 100-mg dose levels. In 13-week oral studies, groups of 10 rats and mice of each sex were administered VCHD at dose levels ranging from 62.5 to 1000 mg/kg in corn oil. In rats and mice, there were body weight decreases in the groups given the two highest doses. The major target organs in rats were forestomach (hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis) and kidney (tubular cell degeneration/necrosis and regeneration). In mice the target organs included forestomach (hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis), ovary (follicular atrophy), and testis (degeneration of germinal epithelium). JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Chhabra, R S AU - Elwell, M R AU - Peters, A AD - Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 745 EP - 751 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cyclohexanes KW - Cyclohexenes KW - Vinyl Compounds KW - 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide KW - 596C064IG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Keratosis -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Stomach -- pathology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Administration, Topical KW - Female KW - Male KW - Vinyl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cyclohexanes -- toxicity KW - Cyclohexanes -- administration & dosage KW - Vinyl Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79851510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene+diepoxide+after+13+weeks+of+dermal+or+oral+exposure+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Chhabra%2C+R+S%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BPeters%2C+A&rft.aulast=Chhabra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of statistical decision rules for evaluating laboratory animal carcinogenicity studies. AN - 79850462; 2193843 AB - In the evaluation of long-term rodent carcinogenicity studies, many different tumor sites and types are evaluated, which may increase the likelihood of a statistical false positive. To deal with this issue, a number of statistical decision rules have been proposed that take into account multiple comparisons. This paper discusses the various types of decision rules and evaluates the factors that may lead to different interpretations of experimental results. These concepts are illustrated by examining the statistical decision procedures used by three analysts to evaluate the results of 25 long-term rodent carcinogenicity studies carried out by the National Cancer Institute. Agreement among these decision rules is shown to be greater than originally reported. It is also concluded that while the application of statistical decision rules may be of value in some instances to guard against statistical false positives, the final interpretation of the data should be based on biological as well as statistical considerations. Thus, statistical decision rules should not be employed as a substitute for sound scientific judgment in the overall evaluation of these experiments. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Haseman, J K AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 637 EP - 648 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Animals KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Statistics as Topic -- methods KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Animals, Laboratory -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79850462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+statistical+decision+rules+for+evaluating+laboratory+animal+carcinogenicity+studies.&rft.au=Haseman%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Haseman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of susceptibility to aminoglycosides by salicylate in Escherichia coli. AN - 79848233; 2193619 AB - Susceptibility of Escherichia coli to kanamycin and seven other aminoglycosides has been found to be strongly potentiated by salicylate. At pH 7.5, in the presence of 15 mM salicylate and 0.5 micrograms of kanamycin per ml, the efficiency of plating of the bacteria was 2 x 10(-5), whereas there was no significant killing in the presence of kanamycin or salicylate alone. With 0.75 micrograms of kanamycin per ml, the addition of 2.5 mM salicylate was sufficient to reduce the efficiency of plating by more than 10(4)-fold. Synergistic effects were found also at pHs 6.5 and 8.5. To determine whether the action of salicylate resulted from its behavior as a weak acid or its salicyl structure, similar experiments were carried out with acetate and salicyl alcohol. Acetate, a membrane-permeating weak acid, showed a synergistic effect on kanamycin susceptibility at pH 6.5 that was comparable to the effect seen with salicylate at pH 6.5. However, acetate had no synergistic effect with kanamycin at pH 7.5 or 8.5. This is consistent with the ability of acetate to increase the membrane potential of cells and the dependence of susceptibility to kanamycin and other aminoglycosides on the membrane potential. Salicyl alcohol, which has a hydroxyl group in the place of the carboxyl group that is present in salicylate, was an effective synergist with kanamycin. It was equally effective at pHs 6.5 and 7.5 and somewhat more effective at pH 8.5. These results support the hypothesis that two effects are involved in the synergy between aminoglycosides and salicylate: a weak acid effect, possibly to increase the membrane potential, and an uncharacterized effect related to the salicyl structure. JF - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy AU - Aumercier, M AU - Murray, D M AU - Rosner, J L AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 786 EP - 791 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - Benzyl Alcohols KW - Salicylates KW - Kanamycin KW - 59-01-8 KW - salicyl alcohol KW - FA1N0842KB KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Drug Synergism KW - Benzyl Alcohols -- pharmacology KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Kanamycin -- pharmacology KW - Acetates -- pharmacology KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Salicylates -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79848233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+susceptibility+to+aminoglycosides+by+salicylate+in+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Aumercier%2C+M%3BMurray%2C+D+M%3BRosner%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Aumercier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Mol Biol. 1981 Jun 25;149(2):241-57 [6796698] Biochemistry. 1982 Oct 26;21(22):5534-8 [6293545] J Bacteriol. 1981 Mar;145(3):1196-208 [7009571] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Aug 14;547(2):218-29 [380650] Eur J Biochem. 1976 Apr 1;63(2):533-41 [4325] Appl Microbiol. 1972 Apr;23(4):775-9 [4622981] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Dec;20(6):803-8 [6173015] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Apr;33(4):412-7 [2658790] Microbiol Rev. 1987 Dec;51(4):439-57 [3325794] J Bacteriol. 1987 Jul;169(7):3001-6 [2954947] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8771-4 [3909154] Microbiol Rev. 1985 Mar;49(1):1-32 [2580220] Biophys J. 1983 Sep;43(3):371-81 [6354293] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 Jun;23(6):835-45 [6351731] J Antimicrob Chemother. 1981 Oct;8(4):249-76 [6795174] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS), an anti-HIV agent also exhibits synergism with AZT, lymphoproliferative activity, and virus enhancement. AN - 79847707; 1694454 AB - Sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a negatively charged polymer of beta-D-xylopyranose units, was evaluated for its anti-HIV effects in normal human peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC) and its possible synergism with AZT. In the presence of 25 nM AZT, 2.0 micrograms/ml of PPS reduced HIV-1 replication 110-fold, compared with a 3.9- and 7-fold decrease in the presence of either drug individually. Surprisingly, at low (below 1 microgram/ml) concentrations of either PPS or dextran sulfate, an enhancement of virus production was observed. PPS was nontoxic, had a proliferative effect on uninfected and a protective effect on infected PMNC. Virus enhancement at low concentrations of PPS appeared to be linked to its lymphoproliferative effect. These findings suggest that the use of PPS and others such agents as monotherapy for AIDS might have deleterious effects. However, due to its marked synergism with AZT and its lymphoproliferative activities, PPS might prove to be a useful agent in therapeutic trials of AIDS if used in combination with less than the usual dosage of AZT. JF - AIDS research and human retroviruses AU - Anand, R AU - Nayyar, S AU - Galvin, T A AU - Merril, C R AU - Bigelow, L B AD - Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health, Neuroscience Center at Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 679 EP - 689 VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 0889-2229, 0889-2229 KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 0 KW - HIV Antigens KW - HIV Core Protein p24 KW - Polysaccharides KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester KW - 37300-21-3 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Gene Products, gag -- immunology KW - HIV Antigens -- immunology KW - Cell Survival KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Viral Core Proteins -- immunology KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Carbohydrate Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Drug Synergism KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester -- administration & dosage KW - Zidovudine -- pharmacology KW - Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester -- pharmacology KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects KW - Polysaccharides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79847707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+research+and+human+retroviruses&rft.atitle=Sodium+pentosan+polysulfate+%28PPS%29%2C+an+anti-HIV+agent+also+exhibits+synergism+with+AZT%2C+lymphoproliferative+activity%2C+and+virus+enhancement.&rft.au=Anand%2C+R%3BNayyar%2C+S%3BGalvin%2C+T+A%3BMerril%2C+C+R%3BBigelow%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Anand&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+research+and+human+retroviruses&rft.issn=08892229&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A slight anticonvulsant effect of CNQX and DNQX as measured by homocysteine- and quisqualate-induced seizures. AN - 79801725; 1971950 AB - CNQX and DNQX are compounds that have recently been reported to show potent non-NMDA excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist activity. Effects of these compounds on seizures induced by homocysteine thiolactone and quisqualic acid were studied in order to examine the pharmacological properties of these compounds. In a dosage of 1.16 micrograms intracerebroventricularly (ICV), CNQX prolonged the latency to the onset of quisqualate-, but not homocysteine-induced seizures. DNQX was not effective when given either ICV or systemically, although a 3.78 micrograms dose of DNQX given ICV markedly increased the variability in latency to seizure onset, suggesting a combination of pro- and anticonvulsant effects. Higher dosages of both CNQX and DNQX induced seizure-like activity after ICV injection. These data confirm that CNQX has pharmacological effects corresponding to its effects on cellular responses to quisqualate and kainate agonists, but these effects are weak and may limit its usefulness as a pharmacological tool. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Jurson, P A AU - Freed, W J AD - Neuropsychiatry Branch NIMH Neuroscience Center, Saint Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 177 EP - 181 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Oxadiazoles KW - Quinoxalines KW - Homocysteine KW - 0LVT1QZ0BA KW - FG 9041 KW - 62T278S1MX KW - 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione KW - 6OTE87SCCW KW - Quisqualic Acid KW - 8OC22C1B99 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Seizures -- drug therapy KW - Quinoxalines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79801725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=A+slight+anticonvulsant+effect+of+CNQX+and+DNQX+as+measured+by+homocysteine-+and+quisqualate-induced+seizures.&rft.au=Jurson%2C+P+A%3BFreed%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Jurson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing structure and function of the raf protein kinase domain with monoclonal antibodies. AN - 79795106; 1693184 AB - Five monoclonal antibodies were generated against the raf kinase domain. All antibodies react with different isozymes of the raf family, as well as Raf proteins from different species, albeit with differential affinities. Epitope mapping showed all five epitopes clustered in the vicinity of the conserved APE sequence. Although thought to be an essential part of the catalytic site, antibody binding to that domain does not affect kinase activity in vitro or the capability to specifically associate with other cellular proteins. Based on a detailed dissection of the epitopes, a comparative analysis of secondary structure predictions indicates a common structural motif in that region, which is highly conserved amongst protein kinases of the serine/threonine as well as the tyrosine class. JF - Oncogene AU - Kolch, W AU - Weissinger, E AU - Mischak, H AU - Troppmair, J AU - Showalter, S D AU - Lloyd, P AU - Heidecker, G AU - Rapp, U R AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 713 EP - 720 VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Epitopes KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Protein Kinases -- physiology KW - Multiple Myeloma -- pathology KW - Hybridomas -- immunology KW - Hybridomas -- pathology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Multiple Myeloma -- immunology KW - Protein Kinases -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Epitopes -- immunology KW - Cell Line KW - Protein Conformation KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- immunology KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- physiology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79795106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=Probing+structure+and+function+of+the+raf+protein+kinase+domain+with+monoclonal+antibodies.&rft.au=Kolch%2C+W%3BWeissinger%2C+E%3BMischak%2C+H%3BTroppmair%2C+J%3BShowalter%2C+S+D%3BLloyd%2C+P%3BHeidecker%2C+G%3BRapp%2C+U+R&rft.aulast=Kolch&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute inaccessible aqueous volume changes during opening of the potassium channel of the squid giant axon. AN - 79784638; 2340341 AB - We have applied solutions with varying osmotic pressures symmetrically to the inside and outside of perfused, TTX-treated, giant axons. The potassium conductance G decreased with increasing osmotic stress, but there was no effect on either the shape or the position of the voltage-current curve. One must distinguish three possible actions of the osmotic agent: osmotic stress, channel blocking, and lowered solution conductivity. To do so, we compared results obtained working with pairs of internal and external solutions of either (a) equal osmotic stress, (b) equal conductivity, or (c) the same blocking agent. There was the same change in G irrespective of the type of stressing species (sorbitol or sucrose); this provides some evidence against a blocking mechanism. The conductivity of the external solution had a small effect on K currents; internal solution conductivity had none. A change in series resistance of the Schwann cell layer could account for the small effect of external solution conductivity. The primary cause of G depression appears, then, to be the applied osmotic stress. Using this result, we have developed models in which the channel has a transition between closed states under voltage control but osmotically insensitive and a closed/open step that is voltage-independent but osmotically sensitive. We have assumed that the conductance of this open state does not change with osmotic stress. In this way, we estimate that an additional 1,350 +/- 200 A3 or 40-50 molecules of solute-inaccessible water appear to associate with the average delayed rectifier potassium channel of the squid axon when it opens. JF - Biophysical journal AU - Zimmerberg, J AU - Bezanilla, F AU - Parsegian, V A AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 1049 EP - 1064 VL - 57 IS - 5 SN - 0006-3495, 0006-3495 KW - Potassium Channels KW - 0 KW - Solutions KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Sorbitol KW - 506T60A25R KW - Sucrose KW - 57-50-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Animals KW - Electric Conductivity KW - Sorbitol -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Decapodiformes KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Sucrose -- pharmacology KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Models, Biological KW - Mathematics KW - Axons -- drug effects KW - Axons -- ultrastructure KW - Potassium Channels -- physiology KW - Potassium Channels -- ultrastructure KW - Potassium Channels -- drug effects KW - Axons -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79784638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biophysical+journal&rft.atitle=Solute+inaccessible+aqueous+volume+changes+during+opening+of+the+potassium+channel+of+the+squid+giant+axon.&rft.au=Zimmerberg%2C+J%3BBezanilla%2C+F%3BParsegian%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Zimmerberg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biophysical+journal&rft.issn=00063495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1980 May 15;285(5761):140-3 [6246440] Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng. 1981;10:277-314 [7020577] Biophys J. 1980 Jan;29(1):95-117 [7260249] Biophys J. 1981 Dec;36(3):723-33 [6275922] Biophys J. 1982 Feb;37(2):441-52 [6277402] J Gen Physiol. 1982 Jan;79(1):21-40 [7061986] J Gen Physiol. 1982 Jun;79(6):965-96 [6286846] J Membr Biol. 1982;69(1):35-40 [7120362] Biophys J. 1983 Dec;44(3):413-5 [6689273] Nature. 1984 Feb 16-22;307(5952):609-13 [6320017] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(9):2621-5 [6585818] J Gen Physiol. 1985 Apr;85(4):539-54 [2409218] Nature. 1985 Jun 13-19;315(6020):581-4 [3925345] Methods Enzymol. 1986;127:400-16 [3736427] Nature. 1986 Sep 4-10;323(6083):36-9 [2427958] Faraday Discuss Chem Soc. 1986;(81):29-37 [3582619] J Gen Physiol. 1987 Apr;89(4):521-40 [2438370] Annu Rev Biophys Biophys Chem. 1987;16:227-46 [2439096] J Gen Physiol. 1987 Aug;90(2):261-90 [2443603] J Gen Physiol. 1988 Aug;92(2):179-96 [3171538] J Physiol. 1952 Apr;116(4):424-48 [14946712] J Physiol. 1952 Apr;116(4):473-96 [14946714] J Physiol. 1952 Aug;117(4):500-44 [12991237] Biophys J. 1960 Nov;1:161-202 [13775643] J Physiol. 1962 Nov;164:330-54 [13969166] J Physiol. 1964 Apr;170:541-60 [14165694] J Physiol. 1964 Aug;172:163-73 [14205014] J Physiol. 1956 Feb 28;131(2):341-76 [13320339] Biophys J. 1966 Sep;6(5):553-66 [5970562] J Gen Physiol. 1972 Nov;60(5):588-608 [4644327] J Gen Physiol. 1974 Jun;63(6):675-89 [4829524] Q Rev Biophys. 1974 May;7(2):179-210 [4449982] J Gen Physiol. 1977 Nov;70(5):549-66 [591911] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appropriateness of DSM-III-R criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder. AN - 79779481; 2340717 AB - This research examines the DSM-IIIR criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study questions whether the psychiatric sequelae resulting from exposure to extraordinary traumatic events (stressor criterion A) do in fact differ from the sequelae resulting from exposure to more common yet stressful life experiences. The study also examines whether PTSD sequelae (criteria B-D) accurately describe the responses of victims even of extreme events fitting the DSM-III-R definition of stressor. The study included data from both St Louis victims exposed to floods and/or unsafe dioxin levels, and Puerto Rico victims of mudslides/flooding. Results showed that some of the common stressful events related more closely to PTSD symptoms than did the extraordinary events. Further, disaster exposure most strongly related to symptoms of reexperiencing (criterion B); symptoms relating to avoidance (criterion C) were particularly unreported. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for revision both of the PTSD criteria for DSM-IV, and of instruments designed to assess PTSD symptomatology. JF - Comprehensive psychiatry AU - Solomon, S D AU - Canino, G J AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville MD 20857. PY - 1990 SP - 227 EP - 237 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0010-440X, 0010-440X KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dioxins -- poisoning KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Puerto Rico KW - Missouri KW - Humans KW - Depressive Disorder -- diagnosis KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Psychometrics KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- diagnosis KW - Disasters UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79779481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comprehensive+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Appropriateness+of+DSM-III-R+criteria+for+posttraumatic+stress+disorder.&rft.au=Solomon%2C+S+D%3BCanino%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comprehensive+psychiatry&rft.issn=0010440X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat embryonic palatal shelves respond to TCDD in organ culture. AN - 79778970; 2339417 AB - TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), a highly toxic environmental contaminant, is teratogenic in mice, inducing cleft palate (CP) and hydronephrosis at doses which are not overtly maternally or embryo toxic. Palatal shelves of embryonic mice respond to TCDD, both in vivo and in organ culture, with altered differentiation of medial epithelial cells. By contrast, in the rat TCDD produces substantial maternal, embryonic, and fetal toxicity, including fetal lethality, with few malformations. In this study the possible effects of maternal toxicity on induction of cleft palate were eliminated by exposure of embryonic rat palatal shelves in organ culture. The shelves were examined for specific TCDD-induced alterations in differentiation of the medial cells. On Gestation Day (GD) 14 or 15 palatal shelves from embryonic F344 rats were placed in organ culture for 2 to 3 days (IMEM:F12 medium, 5% FBS, 0.1% DMSO) containing 0, 1 x 10(-8), 1 x 10(-9), 1 x 10(-10), or 5 x 10(-11) M TCDD. The medial epithelial peridermal cells degenerated on shelves exposed to control media or 5 x 10(-11) M TCDD. Exposure to 10(-10), 10(-9), and 10(-8) M TCDD inhibited this degeneration in 20, 36, and 60% of the shelves, respectively, and was statistically significant at the two highest doses. A normally occurring decrease in [3H]TdR incorporation was inhibited in some GD 15 shelves cultured with 10(-10) and 10(-9) M TCDD. The medial cells of TCDD-exposed shelves continued to express high levels of immunohistochemically detected EGF receptors. The altered differentiation of rat medial epithelium is similar to that reported for TCDD-exposed mouse medial cells in vivo and in vitro. However, in order to obtain these responses, the cultured rat shelves require much higher concentrations of TCDD than the mouse shelves. Thus TCDD induces the same effects at a cellular level in medial epithelium of rats and mice, but cleft palate is not seen in rats because the level required to produce the cellular effects would result in maternal and embryonic toxicity including fetal lethality. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 441 EP - 451 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Autoradiography KW - Pregnancy KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Male KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Palate -- cytology KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79778970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Rat+embryonic+palatal+shelves+respond+to+TCDD+in+organ+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in the sialylation and sulfation of secreted thyrotropin in congenital hypothyroidism. AN - 79774297; 1692623 AB - We have examined the oligosaccharide structure of secreted thyrotropin (TSH) in perinatal and mature rats with congenital primary hypothyroidism. Rat pituitaries from euthyroid control animals and those rendered hypothyroid by methimazole treatment were incubated with [3H]glucosamine in vitro. Secreted TSH was purified, and oligosaccharides were enzymatically released and characterized by anion-exchange HPLC. In perinatal hypothyroid animals compared with control animals, oligosaccharides from TSH alpha and beta subunits contained more species with three or more negative charges. Moreover, perinatal hypothyroid animals demonstrated a dramatic increase in the ratio of sialylated to sulfated species within oligosaccharides of the same negative charge (2.9- to 7.4-fold increase for TSH-alpha; 15.1- to 25.5-fold increase for TSH-beta). In mature hypothyroid 9-week-old animals compared with control animals, changes were less pronounced, suggesting that endocrine regulation of oligosaccharide structure is dependent upon the maturational state of the animal. These changes were specific for TSH because glycosylation of free alpha subunit (synthesized by the thyrotroph and gonadotroph) and of total glycoproteins was minimally altered by hypothyroidism. Together, these data provide direct evidence and characterization of specific changes in the structure of a secreted pituitary glycoprotein hormone occurring as a result of in vivo endocrine alterations during early development. Moreover, they provide a potential structural basis to explain the delayed clearance of both TSH and the gonadotropins with end-organ deficiency, which may have important implications for the in vivo biological activities of these hormones. Specifically, such posttranslational changes may be an important adaptive response to prevent the consequences of endocrine deficiency during early development. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Gyves, P W AU - Gesundheit, N AU - Thotakura, N R AU - Stannard, B S AU - DeCherney, G S AU - Weintraub, B D AD - Molecular, Cellular and Nutritional Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 3792 EP - 3796 VL - 87 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit KW - 0 KW - Oligosaccharides KW - Sialic Acids KW - Methimazole KW - 554Z48XN5E KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Glucosamine KW - N08U5BOQ1K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fetus KW - Reference Values KW - Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit -- biosynthesis KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Sialic Acids -- analysis KW - Congenital Hypothyroidism KW - Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit -- secretion KW - Oligosaccharides -- isolation & purification KW - Glucosamine -- metabolism KW - Pituitary Gland -- metabolism KW - Pituitary Gland -- secretion KW - Female KW - Thyrotropin -- secretion KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Thyrotropin -- biosynthesis KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79774297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Changes+in+the+sialylation+and+sulfation+of+secreted+thyrotropin+in+congenital+hypothyroidism.&rft.au=Gyves%2C+P+W%3BGesundheit%2C+N%3BThotakura%2C+N+R%3BStannard%2C+B+S%3BDeCherney%2C+G+S%3BWeintraub%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Gyves&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3792&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Apr;3(4):709-16 [2542780] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 5;264(25):14601-4 [2768233] Endocrinology. 1987 Jan;120(1):345-52 [3023032] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1985 Dec 17;133(2):680-7 [3002351] J Endocrinol Invest. 1985 Dec;8(6):537-41 [3009595] Endocrinology. 1986 Aug;119(2):455-63 [2426082] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 5;263(1):36-44 [3121612] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 5;263(1):25-35 [3121609] Endocrinology. 1987 Jul;121(1):133-40 [3109878] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 15;263(17):8309-17 [2453512] Endocrinology. 1989 Jun;124(6):2967-77 [2721453] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 15;159(2):755-62 [2930540] J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 15;264(11):6104-10 [2703481] Endocrinology. 1988 Jan;122(1):283-90 [3335209] Endocrinol Exp. 1984 Sep;18(3):183-96 [6436003] Endocrinology. 1986 Dec;119(6):2720-7 [3780548] Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1984 Jan;105(1):49-56 [6695544] Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:465-95 [6267989] Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):357-61 [7258650] J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 25;255(14):6633-9 [7391040] J Biol Chem. 1978 May 25;253(10):3517-20 [649586] Carbohydr Res. 1977 Sep;58(1):47-55 [144018] J Pediatr. 1979 May;94(5):700-5 [87512] Recent Prog Horm Res. 1976;33:59-116 [829552] J Biol Chem. 1970 Feb 25;245(4):759-66 [4313609] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1974;41(0):99-128 [4609051] Endocrinology. 1976 Apr;98(4):1061-4 [819247] Endocrinology. 1976 Apr;98(4):1054-60 [819246] Endocrinology. 1975 Nov;97(5):1321-4 [810345] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Biol Chem. 1968 Jan 10;243(1):155-9 [5635941] DNA. 1985 Aug;4(4):301-7 [4042813] J Biol Chem. 1985 Mar 10;260(5):2900-3 [3972809] Endocrinology. 1987 Oct;121(4):1278-87 [2820695] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosomal protein HMG-14 gene maps to the Down syndrome region of human chromosome 21 and is overexpressed in mouse trisomy 16. AN - 79774183; 2140193 AB - The gene for human high-mobility-group (HMG) chromosomal protein HMG-14 is located in region 21q22.3, a region associated with the pathogenesis of Down syndrome, one of the most prevalent human birth defects. The expression of this gene is analyzed in mouse embryos that are trisomic in chromosome 16 and are considered to be an animal model for Down syndrome. RNA blot-hybridization analysis and detailed analysis of HMG-14 protein levels indicate that mouse trisomy 16 embryos have approximately 1.5 times more HMG-14 mRNA and protein than their normal littermates, suggesting a direct gene dosage effect. The HMG-14 gene may be an additional marker for the Down syndrome. Chromosomal protein HMG-14 is a nucleosomal binding protein that may confer distinct properties to the chromatin structure of transcriptionally active genes and therefore may be a contributing factor in the etiology of the syndrome. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Pash, J AU - Popescu, N AU - Matocha, M AU - Rapoport, S AU - Bustin, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 3836 EP - 3840 VL - 87 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA Probes KW - 0 KW - High Mobility Group Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Index Medicus KW - Fetus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Leukocytes -- cytology KW - Embryo, Mammalian KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- analysis KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- genetics KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 KW - Trisomy KW - Down Syndrome -- genetics KW - Chromosome Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79774183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Chromosomal+protein+HMG-14+gene+maps+to+the+Down+syndrome+region+of+human+chromosome+21+and+is+overexpressed+in+mouse+trisomy+16.&rft.au=Pash%2C+J%3BPopescu%2C+N%3BMatocha%2C+M%3BRapoport%2C+S%3BBustin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pash&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1975;14(1):42-62 [1132247] C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci. 1959 Mar 16;248(11):1721-2 [13639368] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jun 22;519(1):233-42 [667064] Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):289-301 [6244103] Science. 1980 Sep 26;209(4464):1534-6 [7433974] Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Sep 11;8(17):3757-78 [6449690] Biochemistry. 1981 Feb 17;20(4):910-5 [6452161] Chromosoma. 1981;83(3):431-9 [7273954] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(22):6735-9 [6196774] Chromosoma. 1984;90(5):355-65 [6439496] Exp Cell Res. 1985 Feb;156(2):295-310 [3881264] Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1985;39(1):73-4 [3920012] J Exp Med. 1985 Aug 1;162(2):695-712 [3160808] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jun 5;261(16):7479-84 [3754870] Anal Biochem. 1986 Aug 15;157(1):53-62 [3464222] EMBO J. 1987 Aug;6(8):2393-9 [3665881] J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 25;264(6):3421-7 [2563381] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 25;17(6):2301-14 [2565024] Trends Genet. 1989 Mar;5(3):82-6 [2660365] Genomics. 1989 May;4(4):579-91 [2568330] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5958-62 [2527368] Science. 1976 Sep 3;193(4256):848-56 [948749] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transfection of beta-casein chimeric gene and hormonal induction of its expression in primary murine mammary epithelial cells. AN - 79770387; 2187188 AB - To study the regulatory sequence elements responsible for casein gene expression, we constructed a chimeric gene containing 5.3 kilobases (kb) of the 5'-flanking sequence and 1.6 kb of the 3'-flanking sequence of the mouse beta-casein gene fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase (CAT) gene. The chimeric gene was transfected by the calcium phosphate-precipitation procedure into primary mouse mammary epithelial cells prepared from pregnant mice. The transfection procedure had negligible effect on expression of the endogenous beta-casein gene. Expression of the beta-casein-CAT chimeric gene required the synergistic actions of insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin. Expression of the chimeric gene also depended on the appropriate substratum because the degree of hormonal induction of the chimeric gene was much higher in cells cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) than in cells cultured on either type I collagen gel or plastic. On the other hand, the expression of a simian virus 40-CAT chimeric gene in which the CAT gene was driven by the early promoter of the virus was not influenced by the hormonal milieu and occurred at the highest level in cells cultured on plastic. Additional transfection experiments with a series of beta-casein-CAT constructs suggested the existence of regulatory elements responsible for hormonal induction and negative regulatory elements. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Yoshimura, M AU - Oka, T AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 3670 EP - 3674 VL - 87 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Caseins KW - 0 KW - Insulin KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mice KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Plasmids KW - Drug Synergism KW - Female KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Hydrocortisone -- pharmacology KW - Chimera KW - Caseins -- biosynthesis KW - Caseins -- genetics KW - Transfection KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- metabolism KW - Genes -- drug effects KW - Insulin -- pharmacology KW - Prolactin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79770387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Transfection+of+beta-casein+chimeric+gene+and+hormonal+induction+of+its+expression+in+primary+murine+mammary+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Yoshimura%2C+M%3BOka%2C+T&rft.aulast=Yoshimura&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - X15992; GENBANK; X15991; X13484 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Mar;3(3):447-53 [2747652] Cell. 1989 Jul 28;58(2):373-82 [2752428] Gene. 1989 May 30;78(2):267-75 [2673924] Endocrinology. 1990 Jan;126(1):427-33 [2293997] Cell. 1979 Aug;17(4):1013-23 [487427] J Biol Chem. 1980 May 25;255(10):4430-4 [6989812] Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 [6960240] J Cell Biol. 1984 Jan;98(1):146-55 [6707082] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jun;81(12):3756-60 [6587390] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Feb 25;14(4):1883-902 [3952000] Biochemistry. 1986 Jan 28;25(2):312-8 [2937447] Cancer Res. 1986 Aug;46(8):3775-81 [2942235] Nature. 1986 Oct 23-29;323(6090):731-4 [3022151] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Oct 24;14(20):8224 [3774558] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(1):136-40 [3467345] Dev Biol. 1987 Mar;120(1):245-58 [3817293] Nature. 1987 Aug 27-Sep 2;328(6133):827-30 [3041221] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;7(8):2745-52 [3670292] Exp Cell Res. 1987 Dec;173(2):322-40 [3691666] Exp Cell Res. 1988 Jul;177(1):109-21 [2455648] EMBO J. 1988 Jul;7(7):2089-95 [3416834] Gene. 1988 Jun 15;66(1):87-96 [2970989] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):104-8 [2643093] Genes Dev. 1988 Dec;2(12B):1779-90 [3240859] Science. 1989 Apr 21;244(4902):357-9 [2711187] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):893-901 [2725505] J Biol Chem. 1977 Mar 25;252(6):2060-8 [845159] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reciprocal expression of human ETS1 and ETS2 genes during T-cell activation: regulatory role for the protooncogene ETS1. AN - 79769694; 2187191 AB - The expression of the protooncogenes ETS1 and ETS2 has been studied in purified human T cells activated either by cross-linking of the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex on their cell surface or by direct stimulation with phorbol esters and ionomycin. Our results show that resting T cells express high levels of ETS1 mRNA and protein, while expression of ETS2 is undetectable. Upon T-cell activation, ETS2 mRNA and proteins are induced, while ETS1 gene expression decreases to very low levels. Late after stimulation, ETS1 mRNA is reinduced and maintained at a high level, while ETS2 gene expression decreases to undetectable levels. Therefore, it appears that in human T cells, ETS2 gene products are associated with cellular activation and proliferation, while ETS1 gene products are preferentially expressed in a quiescent state. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Bhat, N K AU - Thompson, C B AU - Lindsten, T AU - June, C H AU - Fujiwara, S AU - Koizumi, S AU - Fisher, R J AU - Papas, T S AD - Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 3723 EP - 3727 VL - 87 IS - 10 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA Probes KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - ERF protein, human KW - ETS1 protein, human KW - ETS2 protein, human KW - Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 KW - Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Repressor Proteins KW - Trans-Activators KW - Transcription Factors KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- genetics KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- enzymology KW - Genes, Regulator UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79769694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Reciprocal+expression+of+human+ETS1+and+ETS2+genes+during+T-cell+activation%3A+regulatory+role+for+the+protooncogene+ETS1.&rft.au=Bhat%2C+N+K%3BThompson%2C+C+B%3BLindsten%2C+T%3BJune%2C+C+H%3BFujiwara%2C+S%3BKoizumi%2C+S%3BFisher%2C+R+J%3BPapas%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Bhat&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Mar;10(3):1249-53 [2137553] Nature. 1983 Nov 24-30;306(5941):395-7 [6316156] Nature. 1985 Jan 24-30;313(6000):318-20 [3918270] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7294-8 [2997781] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1792-6 [3513188] Annu Rev Immunol. 1986;4:593-619 [2939858] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(11):3982-6 [3012540] Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):203-6 [3523754] Exp Cell Res. 1986 Nov;167(1):135-43 [3758198] EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2251-6 [3536486] Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1986;2:367-90 [3548772] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3161-5 [3472202] Science. 1987 Aug 7;237(4815):635-9 [3299708] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(17):6131-5 [3476934] Leukemia. 1988 Jan;2(1):12-8 [2448555] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;7(12):4472-81 [2830495] Oncogene. 1988 Feb;2(2):99-103 [3285299] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 25;263(18):8569-75 [3288618] Brain Res. 1988 Apr 26;447(1):149-53 [3289683] EMBO J. 1988 Apr;7(4):977-83 [3136014] Cell. 1988 Sep 9;54(6):787-93 [3409319] EMBO J. 1988 Sep;7(9):2787-94 [3053165] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):7862-6 [2847145] Oncogene Res. 1988;3(3):239-46 [3060801] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):672-8 [2536061] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;8(11):4700-6 [3062367] Science. 1989 Jan 20;243(4889):355-61 [2783497] J Cell Physiol. 1989 Feb;138(2):415-23 [2918043] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1333-7 [2465550] Adv Immunol. 1989;44:207-64 [2493727] Science. 1989 Apr 7;244(4900):66-70 [2539641] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):1041-8 [2498643] Oncogene. 1989 Jun;4(6):691-7 [2660071] Science. 1989 Jul 14;245(4914):180-3 [2665077] Oncogene Res. 1989;5(1):61-6 [2674859] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(20):7833-7 [2813360] Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):603-8 [2683075] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Dec;9(12):5718-21 [2555704] Nature. 1983 Nov 24-30;306(5941):391-5 [6316155] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunotoxicology: review of current status. AN - 79765146; 2186671 AB - Our need to understand the potential adverse human health effects of environmental chemical exposure has coincided with an increased understanding of the immune system and an appreciation of its complex regulatory network. This has spawned a broad interest in the area of immunotoxicology within the scientific community as well as certain concerns in the public sector regarding chemical-induced hypersensitivity and immunosuppression. The incidence of alleged human sensitization to chemicals has increased, in part, due to the fact that chemical companies are moving to larger and/or different markets. It has been estimated that 35 million Americans suffer from allergic disease of which 2% to 5% are from occupational exposure. Although there is not yet a clear understanding of dose-response relationships or disease predisposition, there are many well-defined examples (isocyanates, anhydrides) of chemical sensitizers in humans and experimental animals. Evidence that chemicals suppress immune responses in humans is considerably less well established, although there is a public perception that chemicals generally cause immunosuppression. This perception has been fueled by highly publicized legal cases (ie, W.R. Grace and Agent Orange) and scientific controversies within the academic and industrial communities (Aldicarb). As a consequence of public pressure, the regulatory agencies are considering immunotoxicity testing guidelines. At the present, however, there are limitations on adequate human methodology and data that allow the extrapolation of animal data to assess accurately human risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Annals of allergy AU - Luster, M I AU - Germolec, D R AU - Rosenthal, G J AD - Immunotoxicology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 427 EP - 432 VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 0003-4738, 0003-4738 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79765146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+allergy&rft.atitle=Immunotoxicology%3A+review+of+current+status.&rft.au=Luster%2C+M+I%3BGermolec%2C+D+R%3BRosenthal%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Luster&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+allergy&rft.issn=00034738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opioid-induced epileptiform bursting in hippocampal slices: higher susceptibility in ventral than dorsal hippocampus. AN - 79764934; 2159997 AB - The disparity between the seizure sensitivity of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus to opioid peptides was studied by an in vitro electrophysiological method. Slices taken from the ventral (temporal) and dorsal (septal) regions of rat hippocampi were perfused in artificial cerebrospinal fluid bubbled continuously with 95% O2-5% CO2 at 34 degrees C. A stimulating electrode was placed in the stratum radiatum of CA3 region and electrical activity was recorded from the pyramidal cell body layer of the CA3b region. Paired dorsal and ventral hippocampal slices were perfused with [N-Me-Phe3-D-Pro4]morphiceptin (PL017), a specific mu opioid receptor agonist. Application of 0.05 microM PL017 produced triggered and spontaneous bursting in 20% of ventral hippocampal slices, but no such effect was observed in dorsal hippocampal slices. At 0.5 microM PL017, 80% of ventral hippocampal slices developed spontaneous bursting, whereas only 10% of dorsal hippocampal slices had spontaneous bursting. Slices from the ventral hippocampus consistently produced greater degrees of bursting at lower doses relative to the dorsal hippocampus. The addition of 0.1 microM naloxone before or after PL017 inhibited the triggered response but could not block the spontaneous bursting. Perfusion of ACSF for 1 hr also eliminated the triggered response but could only reduce the frequency of the spontaneous bursting. These results suggest that the ventral hippocampus has a higher susceptibility to PL017-induced epileptiform bursting, and this effect is mediated, at least in part, through mu opioid receptors. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Lee, P H AU - Xie, C W AU - Lewis, D V AU - Wilson, W A AU - Mitchell, C L AU - Hong, J S AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 545 EP - 551 VL - 253 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Endorphins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Opioid KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - morphiceptin, N-Me-Phe(3)- KW - 83397-56-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Electrophysiology KW - Male KW - Endorphins -- pharmacology KW - Endorphins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Hippocampus -- physiology KW - Receptors, Opioid -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79764934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Opioid-induced+epileptiform+bursting+in+hippocampal+slices%3A+higher+susceptibility+in+ventral+than+dorsal+hippocampus.&rft.au=Lee%2C+P+H%3BXie%2C+C+W%3BLewis%2C+D+V%3BWilson%2C+W+A%3BMitchell%2C+C+L%3BHong%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral effects of N-methylamphetamine and N,N-dimethylamphetamine in rats and squirrel monkeys. AN - 79763939; 2338643 AB - The N-methylated derivative of N-methamphetamine (MA), N,N-dimethylamphetamine (NNDMA), has recently been synthesized for illicit use. The present study compared the psychomotor stimulant, discriminative stimulus, reinforcing and lethal effects of these analogs in rats and squirrel monkeys. NNDMA was 6 to 12 times less potent than MA in decreasing rates of responding in rats or monkeys under fixed interval or fixed ratio schedules of food presentation. Both MA and NNDMA produced dose-dependent increases in the percentage of cocaine-lever responses in rats trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg of cocaine from saline, with NNDMA 12 times less potent than MA. Response-produced i.v. infusions of MA or NNDMA maintained rates of responding that were higher than those maintained by saline infusions in squirrel monkeys trained to self-administer cocaine; NNDMA was 10 times less potent than MA in producing these reinforcing effects. Both drugs increased fixed interval responding in squirrel monkeys; MA was more efficacious than NNDMA. MA also increased rates of responding in rats during time-out periods in which responses had no scheduled consequences, whereas NNDMA did not. Onset and time course data suggested that conversion of NNDMA to MA was probably not necessary for the behavioral effects of NNDMA. In contrast to the relative potencies in behavioral tests, NNDMA was only 3 times less potent than MA in its lethal effects in rats. However, lethality of both drugs was prevented by haloperidol. In general, MA displayed a wider separation in the doses required to produce behavioral vs. lethal effects than did NNDMA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Witkin, J M AU - Ricaurte, G A AU - Katz, J L AD - Psychobiology Laboratory, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 466 EP - 474 VL - 253 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - dimethylamphetamine KW - 92M4C245D1 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Saimiri KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Discrimination Learning KW - Self Administration KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology KW - Species Specificity KW - Cocaine -- administration & dosage KW - Male KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Methamphetamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79763939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Behavioral+effects+of+N-methylamphetamine+and+N%2CN-dimethylamphetamine+in+rats+and+squirrel+monkeys.&rft.au=Witkin%2C+J+M%3BRicaurte%2C+G+A%3BKatz%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Witkin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathologic findings associated with interleukin-2-based immunotherapy for cancer: a postmortem study of 19 patients. AN - 79762198; 2338330 AB - The use of interleukin-2 (IL-2), either alone or in combination with lymphokine-activated killer cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, or other immunotherapeutic agents has added a new list of alternatives to conventional antineoplastic regimens. Little information is available about the pathologic changes occurring in patients treated with these agents. In this study, we reviewed the necropsy materials from 19 patients, 12 men and 7 women, with a variety of malignancies including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal and pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and metastatic gastrinoma, who died after receiving IL-2-based immunotherapy. Death occurred at intervals ranging from less than 1 hour to 143 days following the last dose of therapy. All patients dying at or less than 43 days following cessation of therapy had lymphoid infiltrates of varying intensity in residual tumor. At necropsy, the major cause of death unrelated to the presence of metastatic tumor was bacterial sepsis. In addition, we found evidence of significant cardiac and pulmonary toxicity: two patients with acute myocardial infarction, one with and one without significant coronary artery disease, two cases of unexplained lymphocytic myocarditis, and one case of fatal pulmonary capillary plugging following an infusion of lymphokine-activated killer cells. Thus, not unlike other forms of therapy for cancer, IL-2-based immunotherapy does not appear to be without significant toxicity. JF - Human pathology AU - Kragel, A H AU - Travis, W D AU - Feinberg, L AU - Pittaluga, S AU - Striker, L M AU - Roberts, W C AU - Lotze, M T AU - Yang, J J AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Pathology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 493 EP - 502 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0046-8177, 0046-8177 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lung Diseases -- etiology KW - Kidney Diseases -- pathology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Thyroid Gland -- pathology KW - Myocardium -- pathology KW - Cardiomyopathies -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Aged KW - Kidney Diseases -- etiology KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Cause of Death KW - Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Cardiomyopathies -- pathology KW - Liver Diseases -- pathology KW - Adult KW - Liver Diseases -- etiology KW - Neoplasm Metastasis -- pathology KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Immunotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79762198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+pathology&rft.atitle=Pathologic+findings+associated+with+interleukin-2-based+immunotherapy+for+cancer%3A+a+postmortem+study+of+19+patients.&rft.au=Kragel%2C+A+H%3BTravis%2C+W+D%3BFeinberg%2C+L%3BPittaluga%2C+S%3BStriker%2C+L+M%3BRoberts%2C+W+C%3BLotze%2C+M+T%3BYang%2C+J+J%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Kragel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+pathology&rft.issn=00468177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular mechanics and antibody binding in the structural analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-diol-epoxide--DNA adducts. AN - 79755120; 1692267 AB - Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts using monoclonal antibodies raised against DNA that had been modified with (+-)-r-7-,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as analysis using human serum antibodies and antibodies raised in laboratory animals, have suggested the presence on these adducts of both common and unique immunological epitopes. The molecular mechanics studies reported here establish a model for the analysis of PAH-DNA adducts through the identification of energetically favored binding conformations and they further reveal structural alterations in DNA due to the presence of carcinogen adducts. The data explain the antibody reactivity patterns by defining different molecular presenting surfaces that are available for antibody binding. The preferred orientation of the aromatic portions of the adducts, which align either 3' or 5' in the minor groove, were found to be correlated with antibody reactivity patterns. Examination of the topographical characteristics of the adducts facilitated correlation of adduct-antibody recognition and adduct presenting surface. Significant differences were found between benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts, which align 5' in the minor groove, and benz[a]anthracene-diol-epoxide (BADE)-DNA and dibenz[a,c]anthracene-diol-epoxide-DNA adducts, which align 3' within the minor groove. Chrysene-diol-epoxide-DNA adducts were found to have only a weak preference for 5' alignment and therefore share topographical characteristics with both BPDE-DNA and BADE-DNA adducts. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Weston, A AU - Newman, M J AU - Mann, D L AU - Brooks, B R AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 859 EP - 864 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - Chrysenes KW - DNA Adducts KW - Epitopes KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adduct KW - chrysene-DNA adduct KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Epoxy Compounds -- immunology KW - Chrysenes -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Cattle KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Epitopes -- immunology KW - Female KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- immunology KW - DNA -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79755120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Molecular+mechanics+and+antibody+binding+in+the+structural+analysis+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon-diol-epoxide--DNA+adducts.&rft.au=Weston%2C+A%3BNewman%2C+M+J%3BMann%2C+D+L%3BBrooks%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Weston&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intermittent cyclophosphamide for the treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. AN - 79753940; 2334081 AB - To determine the effect of monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Uncontrolled, retrospective clinical study. Government referral-based research hospital. Seven patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 2 or more months of thrombocytopenia refractory to or requiring excessive doses of corticosteroids. Two patients had also failed to respond to splenectomy and repeated intravenous methylprednisolone infusions. Six patients had severe active renal disease at the time of treatment. Cyclophosphamide, 0.75 to 1.0 g/m2 body surface area, was given intravenously every month for at least 4 months. Prednisone dose ranged between 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg.d. All seven patients had normal platelet counts within 2 to 18 weeks after cyclophosphamide treatment (one to four doses). Prednisone was tapered to 0.25 mg/kg on alternate days in all patients. All six patients had significant improvement in their renal disease and lupus serologies. Cyclophosphamide was discontinued after four to six doses in five patients. Four patients maintained normal platelet counts on low dose, alternate-day prednisone for a mean of 5.6 years of follow-up. Two patients had recurrence of thrombocytopenia 1 to 3 years after discontinuing cyclophosphamide. Monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide is potentially useful for the management of autoimmune thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who are refractory to or dependent on unacceptably high doses of corticosteroids, or are experiencing side effects of conventional medical or surgical treatment. JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Boumpas, D T AU - Barez, S AU - Klippel, J H AU - Balow, J E AD - National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 674 EP - 677 VL - 112 IS - 9 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Humans KW - Platelet Count -- drug effects KW - Kidney Diseases -- etiology KW - Kidney Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- complications KW - Thrombocytopenia -- etiology KW - Thrombocytopenia -- drug therapy KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Cyclophosphamide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79753940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Intermittent+cyclophosphamide+for+the+treatment+of+autoimmune+thrombocytopenia+in+systemic+lupus+erythematosus.&rft.au=Boumpas%2C+D+T%3BBarez%2C+S%3BKlippel%2C+J+H%3BBalow%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Boumpas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=674&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beta-endorphin modulates T-cell intracellular calcium flux and c-myc expression via a potassium channel. AN - 79748360; 2139666 AB - To characterize the effect of beta-endorphin on T-lymphocyte activation, we examined its influence on membrane currents, intracellular calcium flux, and c-myc mRNA levels during mitogenic stimulation of Jurkat cells. While beta-endorphin weakly enhanced voltage-activated K+ currents of Jurkat cells by itself, it suppressed these currents in the presence of mitogen. Naloxone, by itself, also enhanced K+ current amplitude, but in the presence of mitogen partially reversed the suppressive effect of beta-endorphin. A 5-30 min exposure to beta-endorphin resulted in an increase in the rate of mitogen-stimulated intracellular calcium release and an increase in c-myc mRNA levels relative to controls. Longer exposure (1-2 h) to beta-endorphin retarded intracellular calcium release, and suppressed c-myc expression. The suppressive effects were reversed by naloxone and mimicked by the K+ channel blocker, tetraethylammonium ion. These data suggest that opiate receptors and K+ channels of Jurkat cells are functionally coupled in a way that modulates intracellular calcium release and c-myc expression - two key processes in T-cell mitogenesis. JF - Journal of neuroimmunology AU - Hough, C J AU - Halperin, J I AU - Mazorow, D L AU - Yeandle, S L AU - Millar, D B AD - Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, NIMH, Neuroscience Center, St. Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 163 EP - 171 VL - 27 IS - 2-3 SN - 0165-5728, 0165-5728 KW - Potassium Channels KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - beta-Endorphin KW - 60617-12-1 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials KW - Cell Line KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - T-Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - beta-Endorphin -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Potassium Channels -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79748360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neuroimmunology&rft.atitle=Beta-endorphin+modulates+T-cell+intracellular+calcium+flux+and+c-myc+expression+via+a+potassium+channel.&rft.au=Hough%2C+C+J%3BHalperin%2C+J+I%3BMazorow%2C+D+L%3BYeandle%2C+S+L%3BMillar%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neuroimmunology&rft.issn=01655728&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 1-phenylcyclohexylamine analogues. AN - 79738434; 2329567 AB - Thirty-eight analogues of 1-phenylcyclohexylamine (PCA), a phencyclidine (PCP) derivative, were examined for their activities in the mouse maximal electroshock (MES) seizure test and in a motor-toxicity assay. In addition, we determined the binding affinities of the compounds for PCP acceptor sites in rat brain membranes labeled with [3H]-1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine. Many of the analogues were protective against MES seizures (ED50s of 5-41 mg/kg, ip) and all of these compounds caused motor toxicity. The potencies in the motor toxicity and MES seizure tests showed a moderate correlation with the affinities for PCP sites. Several analogues exhibited a greater separation of potencies in the motor toxicity and MES seizure tests than did the parent compound PCA. These were obtained by (i) 3-methylation of the cyclohexyl ring trans to the phenyl ring, (ii) methoxylation at the ortho position on the phenyl ring, and (iii) contraction of the cyclohexane ring to form the corresponding cyclopentane. JF - Journal of medicinal chemistry AU - Thurkauf, A AU - de Costa, B AU - Yamaguchi, S AU - Mattson, M V AU - Jacobson, A E AU - Rice, K C AU - Rogawski, M A AD - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and Medical Neurology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 1452 EP - 1458 VL - 33 IS - 5 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Cyclohexylamines KW - Phencyclidine KW - J1DOI7UV76 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Seizures -- prevention & control KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Anticonvulsants -- chemical synthesis KW - Phencyclidine -- pharmacology KW - Phencyclidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Cyclohexylamines -- pharmacology KW - Cyclohexylamines -- chemical synthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79738434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+anticonvulsant+activity+of+1-phenylcyclohexylamine+analogues.&rft.au=Thurkauf%2C+A%3Bde+Costa%2C+B%3BYamaguchi%2C+S%3BMattson%2C+M+V%3BJacobson%2C+A+E%3BRice%2C+K+C%3BRogawski%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Thurkauf&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipopolysaccharide, but not IFN-gamma, down-regulates c-fms mRNA proto-oncogene expression in murine macrophages. AN - 79738191; 2139459 AB - In the present study we analyzed the effects of two macrophage activators, bacterial LPS and IFN-gamma, on the expression of the c-fms proto-oncogene in the immortalized murine macrophage cell line ANA-1. ANA-1 cells constitutively expressed significant levels of c-fms mRNA. LPS stimulation induced down-regulation of the expression of c-fms mRNA. In contrast, IFN-gamma did not change c-fms expression. Combined treatment of ANA-1 with IFN-gamma plus LPS resulted in a decrease in c-fms mRNA greater than that induced by LPS alone. Nuclear runoff experiments demonstrated that the down-regulation of c-fms mRNA by LPS or LPS plus IFN-gamma was controlled at a transcriptional level. Moreover, experiments in which c-fms mRNA expression was evaluated after the block of RNA or of protein synthesis did not reveal any difference in c-fms mRNA stability in LPS-treated and in untreated cells. These results demonstrate that LPS does not affect the stability of c-fms mRNA, but it decreases the transcription of the gene. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Gusella, G L AU - Ayroldi, E AU - Espinoza-Delgado, I AU - Varesio, L AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Development Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 3574 EP - 3580 VL - 144 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Macrophage Activation -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cell Line KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- genetics KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Macrophages -- physiology KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79738191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Lipopolysaccharide%2C+but+not+IFN-gamma%2C+down-regulates+c-fms+mRNA+proto-oncogene+expression+in+murine+macrophages.&rft.au=Gusella%2C+G+L%3BAyroldi%2C+E%3BEspinoza-Delgado%2C+I%3BVaresio%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gusella&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IL-2-based immunotherapy alters circulating neutrophil Fc receptor expression and chemotaxis. AN - 79735255; 2158514 AB - We performed functional assays on polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes from 21 patients with advanced cancers, before, during, and after IL-2 administration. Of these, 19 were treated with high dose bolus IL-2 infusions (10(5) U/kg every 8 h) and 2 patients received low dose continuous infusions of IL-2 (250 U/kg/h). Five of six patients studied after IL-2 therapy had a decrease in their PMN chemotactic response to FMLP after bolus IL-2 (mean 8 doses) or, after the 4th day of continuous infusion IL-2 (pre-IL-2 values of 82% +/- 17% to 45% +/- 1% post-IL-2, p2 less than 0.004) compared with normal control values. In 8 of 10 patients studied, PMN capacity to oxidize intracellular dichlorofluorescein dye, an indirect measurement of O2- production in response to PMA stimulation, decreased after IL-2 administration (pre-IL-2 mean dichlorofluorescein oxidation (by channel number) 243 +/- 128 vs 3-day post-IL-2 87 +/- 86, p2 less than 0.02). Furthermore, a marked decrease in Fc gamma R III (Leu-11, CD16) expression was observed in 12/13 patients' PMN studied after IL-2 therapy (mean percent of PMN population with positive FcR expression was 81.1 +/- 15.4% pre-IL-2 which decreased to 56.0 +/- 30.5% post-IL-2, p2 less than 0.001). Other PMN surface markers (My4, My7, ICAM-1, LFA1, LFA3, Mac1) did not change significantly. PMN-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity did not change after IL-2 therapy (only 4/15 patients demonstrated more than 50% reduction in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity). PMN phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus was also not significantly altered by IL-2 administration in six patients studied (pre-IL-2, 99 +/- 17% vs 111 +/- 28% post-IL-2, p2 greater than 0.2). We conclude that the systemic administration of IL-2 by intermittent or continuous administration is associated with marked changes in PMN function and cell surface receptor expression. These alterations may contribute to the apparent increased susceptibility to bacterial infection observed in these patients. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Jablons, D AU - Bolton, E AU - Mertins, S AU - Rubin, M AU - Pizzo, P AU - Rosenberg, S A AU - Lotze, M T AD - Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 3630 EP - 3636 VL - 144 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, Differentiation KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgG KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity KW - Immunotherapy KW - Humans KW - Phagocytosis KW - Antigens, Differentiation -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Neutrophils -- physiology KW - Chemotaxis, Leukocyte KW - Receptors, Fc -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79735255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=IL-2-based+immunotherapy+alters+circulating+neutrophil+Fc+receptor+expression+and+chemotaxis.&rft.au=Jablons%2C+D%3BBolton%2C+E%3BMertins%2C+S%3BRubin%2C+M%3BPizzo%2C+P%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A%3BLotze%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Jablons&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Murine susceptibility to street rabies virus is unrelated to induction of host lymphoid depletion. AN - 79735164; 2329281 AB - The mechanism and cellular targets of mononuclear cell depletion were investigated in strains of mice susceptible or resistant to lethal infection with a virulent street rabies virus (SRV). Significant depletion was evident in the thymus of all infected animals at approximately 5 days postinfection and subsequently involved the spleen and lymph nodes in mice developing clinical signs of rabies. Immunofluorescent analyses of lymphocyte subsets in depleted spleens revealed that cell losses were non-selective since the relative proportions of K+, Thy-1+, Lyt-1+, and Lyt-2+ cells remained unchanged. Diminished expression of I-A membrane glycoproteins on spleen lymphocytes was noted, however, perhaps reflecting reduced availability of I-A-inducing lymphokines. Adrenal hormone toxicity was identified as the cause of mononuclear cell depletion in that mice adrenalectomized before SRV infection showed no evidence of lymphoid depletion. The failure of adrenalectomy to alter anti-rabies antibody responses or SRV lethality also indicates that involution of the lymphoid system is a consequence and not a cause of genetically controlled host susceptibility to SRV. The mechanism of adrenal gland stimulation in rabies-infected mice appears to involve a virus-induced dysfunction in the pituitary gland rather than a stress response to paralysis-induced starvation, based on results of kinetic studies on weight loss, appetite depression, and paralysis in these animals and previous reports of pituitary infection during rabies disease. The relationship of these observations to current theories on rabies virus pathogenicity is discussed. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Perry, L L AU - Hotchkiss, J D AU - Lodmell, D L AD - National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Hamilton, MT 59840. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 3552 EP - 3557 VL - 144 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Weight KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Adrenal Glands -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- immunology KW - Immunity, Innate KW - Feeding Behavior KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Rabies -- physiopathology KW - Rabies -- immunology KW - Rabies virus -- pathogenicity KW - Lymphatic System -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79735164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Murine+susceptibility+to+street+rabies+virus+is+unrelated+to+induction+of+host+lymphoid+depletion.&rft.au=Perry%2C+L+L%3BHotchkiss%2C+J+D%3BLodmell%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the mechanism of action of dexamethasone in a rat mast cell line (RBL-2H3 cells). Evidence for altered coupling of receptors and G-proteins. AN - 79732459; 2139456 AB - Prolonged exposure of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, a cultured analog of rat mast cells, to 0.1 microM dexamethasone resulted in global suppression of various stimulatory events in response to Ag and a global enhancement of the same stimulatory events to the adenosine analog, N-(ethylcarboxamide)adenosine (NECA). We had previously shown that Ag and NECA both activate phospholipase C but by different mechanisms; cells that had been treated with cholera or pertussis toxin, for example, responded to Ag but not to NECA with the release of inositol phosphates, increase in levels of cytosolic Ca2+, and secretion. Because the toxins still inhibited the responses to NECA in dexamethasone-treated cells, the effects of dexamethasone may have been exerted at the level of receptor/G-protein coupling rather than at the level of effector systems. Additional evidence for this was the following: 1) NECA-induced hydrolysis of the inositol phospholipids was still enhanced after permeabilizing (with streptolysin O or Staphylococcus alpha-toxin) and washing the cells; 2) the response to the G-protein stimulant, guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate was also enhanced in permeabilized, dexamethasone-treated cells and 3) binding and kinetic studies suggested that the enhanced responsiveness to NECA was attributable in part to an increase in receptor number. The suppressive action of dexamethasone on Ag-induced hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids, however, was readily lost by permeabilizing RBL-2H3 cells. The results indicate, therefore, that treatment with dexamethasone leads to changes in receptor-coupling mechanisms that are either resistant to (i.e., NECA-mediated responses) or reversed by (i.e., Ag-mediated responses) cell permeabilization. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Collado-Escobar, D AU - Ali, H AU - Beaven, M A AD - Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 3449 EP - 3457 VL - 144 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte KW - 0 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgE KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) KW - 35920-39-9 KW - Dexamethasone KW - 7S5I7G3JQL KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Adenosine KW - K72T3FS567 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Adenosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Arachidonic Acids -- metabolism KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- immunology KW - Rats KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Cell Membrane Permeability KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Receptors, Fc -- physiology KW - Dexamethasone -- pharmacology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - Mast Cells -- physiology KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79732459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=On+the+mechanism+of+action+of+dexamethasone+in+a+rat+mast+cell+line+%28RBL-2H3+cells%29.+Evidence+for+altered+coupling+of+receptors+and+G-proteins.&rft.au=Collado-Escobar%2C+D%3BAli%2C+H%3BBeaven%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Collado-Escobar&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leukemia following chemotherapy for breast cancer. AN - 79729751; 2328500 AB - Leukemia following chemotherapy for breast cancer was studied among patients diagnosed during 1973-1985 within the population-based tumor registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Among 13,734 women given initial chemotherapy, 24 developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) compared to 2.1 expected based on general population rates (observed/expected = 11.5; 95% confidence interval = 7.4-17.1). Overall, 58 excess ANLL occurred per 100,000 women-years at risk for patients treated with chemotherapy. The cumulative incidence was 0.7% at 10 years. Risk remained high over all periods of observation up to 9 years after treatment. Among 7974 women treated only with surgery during 1973 and 1974, a period before the widespread use of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, ANLL was not significantly increased (observed = 7, expected = 5.1). A case-control study was then conducted in Connecticut to evaluate in more detail the risk associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in the general population. Among 20 cases (17 incident leukemias and 3 deaths due to preleukemia) and 60 matched controls, alkylating agents were linked to an 11.9-fold risk of ANLL and preleukemia (95% confidence interval = 2.6-55). Chemotherapy regimens including melphalan were related to a higher risk of leukemic conditions than those including cyclophosphamide. These data suggest that women in the general population treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer are at an increased risk of leukemia, that the risk remains high among long-term survivors, and that risk differs by type of alkylating agent administered. JF - Cancer research AU - Curtis, R E AU - Boice, J D AU - Moloney, W C AU - Ries, L G AU - Flannery, J T AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 May 01 SP - 2741 EP - 2746 VL - 50 IS - 9 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Preleukemia -- chemically induced KW - Age Factors KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute -- chemically induced KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Leukemia -- chemically induced KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79729751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Leukemia+following+chemotherapy+for+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Curtis%2C+R+E%3BBoice%2C+J+D%3BMoloney%2C+W+C%3BRies%2C+L+G%3BFlannery%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2-Amino-3-(methylamino)-propanoic acid (BMAA) in cycad flour: an unlikely cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia of Guam. AN - 79728561; 2330104 AB - We conducted an investigation of the levels of the neurotoxin 2-amino-3-(methylamino)-propanoic acid (BMAA) in cycad flour. Analysis of 30 flour samples processed from the endosperm of Cycas circinalis seeds collected on Guam indicated that more than 87% of the total BMAA content was removed during processing. Furthermore, in 1/2 the samples almost all (greater than 99%) of the total BMAA was removed. We found no significant regional differences in the BMAA content of flour prepared from cycad seeds collected from several villages on Guam. Testing of different samples prepared by the same Chamorro woman over 2 years suggests that the washing procedure probably varies in thoroughness from preparation to preparation but is routinely efficient in removing at least 85% of the total BMAA from all batches. Analysis of a flour sample that had undergone only 24 hours of soaking indicated that this single wash removed 90% of the total BMAA. We conclude that processed cycad flour as prepared by the Chamorros of Guam and Rota contains extremely low levels of BMAA, which are in the order of only 0.005% by weight (mean values for all samples). Thus, even when cycad flour is a dietary staple and eaten regularly, it seems unlikely that these low levels could cause the delayed and widespread neurofibrillary degeneration of nerve cells observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam (ALS-PD). JF - Neurology AU - Duncan, M W AU - Steele, J C AU - Kopin, I J AU - Markey, S P AD - Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 767 EP - 772 VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0028-3878, 0028-3878 KW - Amino Acids, Diamino KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine KW - 108SA6URTV KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Seeds KW - Plants, Edible -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Guam KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- chemically induced KW - Flour -- analysis KW - Amino Acids, Diamino -- adverse effects KW - Neurotoxins -- analysis KW - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- chemically induced KW - Amino Acids, Diamino -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79728561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurology&rft.atitle=2-Amino-3-%28methylamino%29-propanoic+acid+%28BMAA%29+in+cycad+flour%3A+an+unlikely+cause+of+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis+and+parkinsonism-dementia+of+Guam.&rft.au=Duncan%2C+M+W%3BSteele%2C+J+C%3BKopin%2C+I+J%3BMarkey%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurology&rft.issn=00283878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addition of lithium carbonate to carbamazepine: hematological and thyroid effects. AN - 79724606; 2109539 AB - In view of the increasing use of lithium-carbamazepine combination therapy for refractory psychiatric disorders, the authors assessed the clinical laboratory effects of adding lithium to carbamazepine in 23 patients with affective disorders. Lithium produced a robust reversal of carbamazepine-induced leukopenia, increasing WBCs, predominantly neutrophils, to levels significantly above placebo baseline values. The combination produced additive antithyroidal effects, resulting in greater decreases in T4 and free T4 than with carbamazepine alone; the addition of lithium was associated with the emergence of a modestly higher TSH level. The authors discuss clinical and theoretical implications of these findings. JF - The American journal of psychiatry AU - Kramlinger, K G AU - Post, R M AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 615 EP - 620 VL - 147 IS - 5 SN - 0002-953X, 0002-953X KW - Placebos KW - 0 KW - Lithium Carbonate KW - 2BMD2GNA4V KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Erythrocyte Count KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Leukopenia -- prevention & control KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Neutrophils KW - Leukopenia -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Carbamazepine -- adverse effects KW - Thyrotropin -- blood KW - Lithium -- therapeutic use KW - Depressive Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Carbamazepine -- therapeutic use KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Depressive Disorder -- blood KW - Blood Cell Count UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79724606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Addition+of+lithium+carbonate+to+carbamazepine%3A+hematological+and+thyroid+effects.&rft.au=Kramlinger%2C+K+G%3BPost%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Kramlinger&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.issn=0002953X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Mar;148(3):398-9 [1899545] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of chemical activation of expression of the endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia provirus Emv-3. AN - 79720043; 2157883 AB - DBA/2 mice carry a single endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia provirus, Emv-3. This provirus is defective; it is very poorly expressed in young DBA/2 mice. The defect in Emv-3 is caused by a single base substitution in codon 3 of p15gag. The resulting amino acid substitution inhibits myristylation of the gag precursor and subsequent virus assembly. Despite this defect, percutaneous treatment of DBA/2 mice with the carcinogen and mutagen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induces ecotropic murine leukemia virus replication in virtually all treated mice. We hypothesized that this induction is the result of a DMBA-induced reverse mutation in codon 3 of p15gag which allows for efficient myristylation. We tested this hypothesis by isolating ecotropic viruses from DMBA-treated mice and determining the DNA sequences of selected regions of p15gag, including codon 3. In support of the above-described model, all of the viruses examined contained single nucleotide substitutions in codon 3. In addition, most of the replication-competent viruses that were sequenced appeared to result from simple mutation of Emv-3 rather than recombination with other endogenous murine leukemia viruses. These studies may provide a basis for development of a sensitive assay for the mutagenic activity of a variety of chemical carcinogens in vivo. JF - Journal of virology AU - Mercer, J A AU - Lee, K H AU - Nexø, B A AU - Jenkins, N A AU - Copeland, N G AD - Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 2245 EP - 2249 VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - DNA, Viral KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Gene Products, gag -- genetics KW - Codon -- genetics KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Genes, Viral -- drug effects KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA, Viral -- isolation & purification KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- genetics KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- growth & development KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- drug effects KW - Proviruses -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral -- drug effects KW - Proviruses -- growth & development KW - Proviruses -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79720043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+chemical+activation+of+expression+of+the+endogenous+ecotropic+murine+leukemia+provirus+Emv-3.&rft.au=Mercer%2C+J+A%3BLee%2C+K+H%3BNex%C3%B8%2C+B+A%3BJenkins%2C+N+A%3BCopeland%2C+N+G&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M35144; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7246-50 [3489936] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):6048-52 [3016738] Nature. 1986 Nov 13-19;324(6093):163-6 [3785382] J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 25;262(3):1030-6 [3100524] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(9):2708-12 [3106975] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7827-31 [2825164] J Virol. 1988 Feb;62(2):479-87 [2826810] Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91 [2448875] J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3217-23 [2841473] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7652-6 [3174659] Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1988;4:611-47 [3058168] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(24):9436-40 [3200828] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Cancer Res. 1978 Mar;38(3):729-35 [203389] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jan;80(2):339-43 [6340098] Virology. 1983 Mar;125(2):454-67 [6836917] J Virol. 1983 May;46(2):355-61 [6302307] Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):379-87 [6305507] Cancer Res. 1983 Sep;43(9):4132-5 [6409397] Cancer Res. 1983 Dec;43(12 Pt 1):5647-51 [6315214] J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):437-44 [6319743] J Virol. 1984 Nov;52(2):695-8 [6092693] J Virol. 1985 Jan;53(1):273-8 [2981347] Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2899-904 [6098826] Dev Biol. 1986 Nov;118(1):9-18 [3770310] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and implications of feline coronavirus infections of captive and free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). AN - 79717740; 2157864 AB - The extent and progression of exposure to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus in the cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus, was monitored by a world-wide serological survey with indirect fluorescent antibody titers to coronavirus. The indirect fluorescent antibody assay was validated by Western blots, which showed that all indirect fluorescent antibody-positive cheetah sera detected both domestic cat and cheetah coronavirus structural proteins. There was a poor correlation between indirect fluorescent antibody results and the presence of coronaviruslike particles in cheetah feces, suggesting that electron microscopic detection of shed particles may not be an easily interpreted diagnostic parameter for FIP disease. Low, but verifiable (by Western blots [immunoblots]) antibody titers against coronavirus were detected in eight free-ranging cheetahs from east Africa as well as from captive cheetahs throughout the world. Of 20 North American cheetah facilities screened, 9 had cheetahs with measurable antibodies to feline coronavirus. Five facilities showed patterns of an ongoing epizootic. Retrospective FIP virus titers of an FIP outbreak in a cheetah-breeding facility in Oregon were monitored over a 5-year period and are interpreted here in terms of clinical disease progression. During that outbreak the morbidity was over 90% and the mortality was 60%, far greater than any previously reported epizootic of FIP in any cat species. Age of infection was a significant risk factor in this epizootic, with infants (less than 3 months old) displaying significantly higher risk for mortality than subadults or adults. Based upon these observations, empirical generalizations are drawn which address epidemiologic concerns for cheetahs in the context of this lethal infectious agent. JF - Journal of virology AU - Heeney, J L AU - Evermann, J F AU - McKeirnan, A J AU - Marker-Kraus, L AU - Roelke, M E AU - Bush, M AU - Wildt, D E AU - Meltzer, D G AU - Colly, L AU - Lukas, J AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 1964 EP - 1972 VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Antigens, Viral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Oregon KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Western KW - Cats -- microbiology KW - Africa KW - Animals, Zoo KW - Antigens, Viral -- analysis KW - Prevalence KW - Animals, Wild KW - Coronaviridae Infections -- epidemiology KW - Carnivora -- microbiology KW - Animal Diseases -- microbiology KW - Coronaviridae Infections -- veterinary KW - Acinonyx -- microbiology KW - Animal Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79717740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+implications+of+feline+coronavirus+infections+of+captive+and+free-ranging+cheetahs+%28Acinonyx+jubatus%29.&rft.au=Heeney%2C+J+L%3BEvermann%2C+J+F%3BMcKeirnan%2C+A+J%3BMarker-Kraus%2C+L%3BRoelke%2C+M+E%3BBush%2C+M%3BWildt%2C+D+E%3BMeltzer%2C+D+G%3BColly%2C+L%3BLukas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Heeney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Pathol Vet. 1966;3(3):255-70 [5958991] J Virol. 1987 Aug;61(8):2607-13 [3599183] Arch Virol. 1978;58(1):45-53 [81044] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 [388439] J Virol. 1987 Aug;61(8):2655-7 [3599185] Can J Vet Res. 1987 Apr;51(2):212-6 [3038290] Arch Virol. 1987;96(1-2):29-38 [3619653] J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Aug;25(8):1529-34 [2442191] Vet Microbiol. 1988 Feb;16(2):145-58 [2836990] Arch Virol. 1988;102(1-2):63-71 [3196169] J Gen Virol. 1988 Dec;69 ( Pt 12):2939-52 [3058868] Virology. 1988 Dec;167(2):370-6 [3201747] Arch Virol. 1988;102(3-4):155-71 [2849387] J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jan 15;194(2):213-20 [2537269] Virus Res. 1989 May;13(1):15-27 [2546331] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):836-40 [1967831] Cornell Vet. 1963 Jan;53:157-60 [13961523] J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1964 Jun 15;144:1409-20 [14173304] Am J Vet Res. 1979 Oct;40(10):1487-92 [230758] Vet Pathol. 1981 Mar;18(2):256-65 [7467085] J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983 Dec 1;183(11):1317-9 [6315664] Arch Virol. 1984;79(1-2):85-94 [6320773] Am J Vet Res. 1984 Dec;45(12):2580-5 [6084432] Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1428-34 [2983425] J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Sep;22(3):395-401 [2995437] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(2):508-11 [3467370] Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1970 Aug;65(8):783-6 [5201448] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration. Serious infections other than human immunodeficiency virus among intravenous drug abusers. AN - 79716718; 2182730 JF - The Journal of infectious diseases AU - Haverkos, H W AU - Lange, W R AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 894 EP - 902 VL - 161 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Endocarditis, Bacterial -- complications KW - Tuberculosis -- complications KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- complications KW - Joint Diseases -- complications KW - Hepatitis, Viral, Human -- complications KW - Humans KW - Bone Diseases -- complications KW - HTLV-II Infections -- complications KW - Central Nervous System Diseases -- complications KW - HTLV-I Infections -- complications KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79716718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=From+the+Alcohol%2C+Drug+Abuse%2C+and+Mental+Health+Administration.+Serious+infections+other+than+human+immunodeficiency+virus+among+intravenous+drug+abusers.&rft.au=Haverkos%2C+H+W%3BLange%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Haverkos&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Infect Dis 1990 Dec;162(6):1421 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancement of the efficacy of x-irradiation by pentobarbital in a rodent brain-tumor model. AN - 79716630; 2324799 AB - Radiation therapy is an important component of brain tumor treatment, but its efficacy is limited by its toxicity to the surrounding normal tissue. Pentobarbital acts as a cerebral radioprotectant, but the selectivity of its protection for the central nervous system has not been demonstrated. To determine if pentobarbital also protects tumor against ionizing radiation, five groups of Fischer 344 rats were observed after exposure to varying combinations of the presence or absence of implanted tumor, pentobarbital, and radiation treatment. The first three groups underwent cerebral implantations of a suspension of 9L gliosarcoma cells. Group 1 was left untreated and served as tumor-bearing controls. Group 2 received 30 Gy of whole-brain x-irradiation without anesthesia 8 days after tumor implantation. Group 3 received the same radiation treatment 15 minutes after pretreatment with 60 mg/kg of pentobarbital intraperitoneally. Groups 4 and 5 served as radiation controls, receiving 30 Gy of x-irradiation while awake and 30 Gy of x-irradiation after pentobarbital administration, respectively. Survival was calculated from the death of the last tumor-bearing rat. The mean survival time in tumor-bearing control rats was 20.8 +/- 2.6 days (+/- standard deviation). X-irradiation alone significantly enhanced the period of survival in rats implanted with the 9L tumor (29.7 +/- 5.6 days, p less than 0.03). Further significant prolongation of survival was seen with the addition of pentobarbital to the treatment regimen (39.9 +/- 13.5 days, p less than 0.01). Nontumor-bearing rats irradiated while awake (Group 4) survived 30.9 +/- 2.3 days. All of their pentobarbital-anesthetized counterparts in Group 5 survived. If pentobarbital had offered radioprotection to the tumor, then Group 3 would have had a shorter survival period than Group 2. This implies that the enhancement of survival time after irradiation results from selective protection of normal brain in this model. JF - Journal of neurosurgery AU - Olson, J J AU - Friedman, R AU - Orr, K AU - Delaney, T AU - Oldfield, E H AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 745 EP - 748 VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3085, 0022-3085 KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - 0 KW - Pentobarbital KW - I4744080IR KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Survival Rate KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Male KW - Pentobarbital -- therapeutic use KW - Brain -- radiation effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Glioma -- radiotherapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79716630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.atitle=Enhancement+of+the+efficacy+of+x-irradiation+by+pentobarbital+in+a+rodent+brain-tumor+model.&rft.au=Olson%2C+J+J%3BFriedman%2C+R%3BOrr%2C+K%3BDelaney%2C+T%3BOldfield%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.issn=00223085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A constitutive damage-specific DNA-binding protein is synthesized at higher levels in UV-irradiated primate cells. AN - 79715934; 2325644 AB - Using a DNA band shift assay, we have identified a DNA-binding protein complex in primate cells which is present constitutively and has a high affinity for UV-irradiated, double-stranded DNA. Cells pretreated with UV light, mitomycin C, or aphidicolin have higher levels of this damage-specific DNA-binding protein complex, suggesting that the signal for induction can either be damage to the DNA or interference with cellular DNA replication. Physiochemical modifications of the DNA and competition analysis with defined substrates suggest that the most probable target site for the damage-specific DNA-binding protein complex is a 6-4'-(pyrimidine-2'-one)-pyrimidine dimer: specific binding could not be detected with probes which contain -TT- cyclobutane dimers, and damage-specific DNA binding did not decrease after photoreactivation of UV-irradiated DNA. This damage-specific DNA-binding protein complex is the first such inducible protein complex identified in primate cells. Cells from patients with the sun-sensitive cancer-prone disease, xeroderma pigmentosum (group E), are lacking both the constitutive and the induced damage-specific DNA-binding activities. These findings suggest a possible role for this DNA-binding protein complex in lesion recognition and DNA repair of UV-light-induced photoproducts. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Hirschfeld, S AU - Levine, A S AU - Ozato, K AU - Protić, M AD - Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 2041 EP - 2048 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dactinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Base Sequence KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Oligonucleotides -- metabolism KW - DNA Replication KW - Cell Line KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- metabolism KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79715934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=A+constitutive+damage-specific+DNA-binding+protein+is+synthesized+at+higher+levels+in+UV-irradiated+primate+cells.&rft.au=Hirschfeld%2C+S%3BLevine%2C+A+S%3BOzato%2C+K%3BProti%C4%87%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hirschfeld&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochemistry. 1976 Jun 1;15(11):2402-8 [1276148] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;9(2):851-3 [2710127] Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Nov;5(11):4317-28 [724516] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3201-5 [6932015] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3855-9 [6933441] Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Mar 11;8(5):1133-43 [6893749] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jun;78(6):3388-92 [6943547] Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jul 10;9(13):3047-60 [6269071] Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505-25 [6275366] J Biol Chem. 1982 Jun 10;257(11):6394-401 [6896204] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 May 31;697(2):202-12 [6896660] J Biol Chem. 1984 May 10;259(9):6028-32 [6325459] Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):861-8 [6744414] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 May 10;13(9):3285-304 [2987881] Annu Rev Biochem. 1985;54:425-57 [3896123] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6622-6 [2995975] Photochem Photobiol. 1986 May;43(5):509-13 [3526363] Cancer Res. 1986 Nov;46(11):5701-5 [2428481] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1102-7 [3023869] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):1983-90 [3537712] Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):729-39 [3034432] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 11;15(21):8861-75 [2825122] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1987;10(1):97-116 [2826138] Mutat Res. 1988 Jan;193(1):53-63 [3275879] Cell. 1988 Apr 8;53(1):97-106 [3349527] Nature. 1988 May 5;333(6168):78-81 [3129661] Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1988 Jul;14(4):351-7 [3135602] Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1182-7 [2842864] Science. 1988 Oct 28;242(4878):564-7 [3175673] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8141-5 [3054882] Gene Anal Tech. 1988 Mar-Apr;5(2):22-31 [3192155] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8860-4 [3194394] Photochem Photobiol. 1988 Jul;48(1):51-7 [3217442] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1163-7 [2919165] Bacteriol Rev. 1976 Dec;40(4):869-907 [795416] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cerebral radioprotection by pentobarbital: dose-response characteristics and association with GABA agonist activity. AN - 79715731; 2157827 AB - Pentobarbital reduces cerebral radiation toxicity; however, the mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. As an anesthetic and depressant of cerebral metabolism, pentobarbital induces its effects on the central nervous system by stimulating the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to its receptor and by inhibiting postsynaptic excitatory amino acid activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of these actions as well as other aspects of the radioprotective activity of pentobarbital. Fischer 344 rats were separated into multiple groups and underwent two dose-response evaluations. In one set of experiments to examine the relationship of radioprotection to pentobarbital dose, a range of pentobarbital doses (0 to 75 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally prior to a constant-level radiation dose (70 Gy). In a second series of experiments to determine the dose-response relationship of radiation protection to radiation dose, a range of radiation doses (10 to 90 Gy) were given with a single pentobarbital dose (60 mg/kg intraperitoneally). Further groups of animals were used to evaluate the importance of the timing of pentobarbital administration, the function of the (+) and (-) isomers of pentobarbital, and the role of an alternative GABA agonist (diazepam). In addition, the potential protective effects of alternative methods of anesthesia (ketamine) and induction of cerebral hypometabolism (hypothermia) were examined. Enhancement of survival time from acute radiation injury due to high-dose single-fraction whole-brain irradiation was maximal with 60 mg/kg of pentobarbital, and occurred over the range of all doses examined between 30 to 90 Gy. Protection was seen only in animals that received the pentobarbital before irradiation. Administration of other compounds that enhance GABA binding (Saffan and diazepam) also significantly enhanced survival time. Ketamine and hypothermia were without protective effect. Protection from acute radiation-induced mortality by pentobarbital in the rat model is a reproducible phenomenon and is associated with the GABA agonistic activity of the compound. This property of GABA agonists offers the potential for a novel approach to enhancement of the efficacy of radiation therapy in the treatment of brain tumors. JF - Journal of neurosurgery AU - Olson, J J AU - Friedman, R AU - Orr, K AU - Delaney, T AU - Oldfield, E H AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 749 EP - 758 VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3085, 0022-3085 KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - 0 KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Pentobarbital KW - I4744080IR KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Anesthesia, General KW - Diazepam -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Radiation Tolerance -- physiology KW - Radiation Tolerance -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Survival Rate KW - Hypothermia -- physiopathology KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Pentobarbital -- therapeutic use KW - Brain -- radiation effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Pentobarbital -- administration & dosage KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79715731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.atitle=Cerebral+radioprotection+by+pentobarbital%3A+dose-response+characteristics+and+association+with+GABA+agonist+activity.&rft.au=Olson%2C+J+J%3BFriedman%2C+R%3BOrr%2C+K%3BDelaney%2C+T%3BOldfield%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.issn=00223085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction in radiation-induced brain injury by use of pentobarbital or lidocaine protection. AN - 79715505; 2324798 AB - To determine if barbiturates would protect brain at high doses of radiation, survival rates in rats that received whole-brain x-irradiation during pentobarbital- or lidocaine-induced anesthesia were compared with those of control animals that received no medication and of animals anesthetized with ketamine. The animals were shielded so that respiratory and digestive tissues would not be damaged by the radiation. Survival rates in rats that received whole-brain irradiation as a single 7500-rad dose under pentobarbital- or lidocaine-induced anesthesia was increased from between from 0% and 20% to between 45% and 69% over the 40 days of observation compared with the other two groups (p less than 0.007). Ketamine anesthesia provided no protection. There were no notable differential effects upon non-neural tissues, suggesting that pentobarbital afforded protection through modulation of ambient neural activity during radiation exposure. Neural suppression during high-dose cranial irradiation protects brain from acute and early delayed radiation injury. Further development and application of this knowledge may reduce the incidence of radiation toxicity of the central nervous system (CNS) and may permit the safe use of otherwise "unsafe" doses of radiation in patients with CNS neoplasms. JF - Journal of neurosurgery AU - Oldfield, E H AU - Friedman, R AU - Kinsella, T AU - Moquin, R AU - Olson, J J AU - Orr, K AU - DeLuca, A M AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 737 EP - 744 VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3085, 0022-3085 KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - 0 KW - Lidocaine KW - 98PI200987 KW - Pentobarbital KW - I4744080IR KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Pilot Projects KW - Monitoring, Physiologic KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Survival Analysis KW - Pentobarbital -- therapeutic use KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- pathology KW - Lidocaine -- therapeutic use KW - Brain -- radiation effects KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain Diseases -- pathology KW - Brain Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79715505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.atitle=Reduction+in+radiation-induced+brain+injury+by+use+of+pentobarbital+or+lidocaine+protection.&rft.au=Oldfield%2C+E+H%3BFriedman%2C+R%3BKinsella%2C+T%3BMoquin%2C+R%3BOlson%2C+J+J%3BOrr%2C+K%3BDeLuca%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Oldfield&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.issn=00223085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec gene is ubiquitous within the animal kingdom. AN - 79713681; 2139169 AB - Recently, a mammalian tRNA which was previously designated as an opal suppressor seryl-tRNA and phosphoseryl-tRNA was shown to be a selenocysteyl-tRNA (B. J. Lee, P. J. Worland, J. N. Davis, T. C. Stadtman, and D. Hatfield, J. Biol. Chem. 264:9724-9727, 1989). Hence, this tRNA is now designated as selenocysteyl-tRNA[Ser]Sec, and its function is twofold, to serve as (i) a carrier molecule upon which selenocysteine is biosynthesized and (ii) as a donor of selenocysteine, which is the 21st naturally occurring amino acid of protein, to the nascent polypeptide chain in response to specific UGA codons. In the present study, the selenocysteine tRNA gene was sequenced from Xenopus laevis, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans. The tRNA product of this gene was also identified within the seryl-tRNA population of a number of higher and lower animals, and the human tRNA[Ser]Sec gene was used as a probe to identify homologous sequences within genomic DNAs of organisms throughout the animal kingdom. The studies showed that the tRNA[Ser]Sec gene has undergone evolutionary change and that it is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. Further, we conclude that selenocysteine-containing proteins, as well as the use of UGA as a codon for selenocysteine, are far more widespread in nature than previously thought. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Lee, B J AU - Rajagopalan, M AU - Kim, Y S AU - You, K H AU - Jacobson, K B AU - Hatfield, D AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/05// PY - 1990 DA - May 1990 SP - 1940 EP - 1949 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific KW - tRNA, selenocysteine- KW - Selenocysteine KW - 0CH9049VIS KW - RNA, Transfer KW - 9014-25-9 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Animals KW - Biological Evolution KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- genetics KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Xenopus laevis -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Caenorhabditis -- genetics KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Cysteine -- metabolism KW - Genes KW - RNA, Transfer -- genetics KW - RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific -- genetics KW - Cysteine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79713681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Selenocysteine+tRNA%5BSer%5DSec+gene+is+ubiquitous+within+the+animal+kingdom.&rft.au=Lee%2C+B+J%3BRajagopalan%2C+M%3BKim%2C+Y+S%3BYou%2C+K+H%3BJacobson%2C+K+B%3BHatfield%2C+D&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1940&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M34509; GENBANK; M34507; M34508 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(16):4940-4 [6308662] Genetics. 1982 Nov;102(3):525-37 [6816678] Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):507-13 [6325880] J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 25;260(4):2501-8 [3156131] J Biol Chem. 1985 Jul 25;260(15):8951-5 [2991228] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jul 11;13(13):4765-75 [4022772] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(2):374-8 [3455775] EMBO J. 1986 Jun;5(6):1221-7 [3015592] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3156-60 [3033637] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2046-51 [3110601] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 15;262(23):11163-6 [3038909] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(18):6384-8 [3114749] Cell. 1987 Oct 9;51(1):81-7 [3652210] FASEB J. 1987 Nov;1(5):375-9 [2445614] Nature. 1988 Feb 25;331(6158):723-5 [2963963] EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):503-12 [3366121] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jun 24;16(12):5557-68 [2838821] Protein Eng. 1988 Sep;2(3):239-46 [2976939] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 11;17(7):2529-40 [2470027] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989;17 Suppl:r1-172 [2470031] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jun 5;264(16):9696-702 [2524488] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jun 15;264(17):9720-3 [2524495] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jun 15;264(17):9724-7 [2498338] Science. 1964 Sep 25;145(3639):1399-407 [14172630] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Oct 25;564(3):414-23 [259017] Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499-560 [6246368] Cell. 1981 Aug;25(2):497-506 [6912798] J Biol Chem. 1982 Mar 25;257(6):3183-8 [6916768] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Oct;79(20):6215-9 [6815648] Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1122-5 [6293052] FEBS Lett. 1984 Apr 24;169(2):319-22 [6325247] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of substituents in 2-hydroxypropyl ethers of cyclomaltoheptaose. AN - 79914149; 2379216 AB - The distribution of substituents in 2-hydroxypropyl ethers of cyclomaltoheptaose, prepared by alkylation of the carbohydrate with propylene oxide in aqueous sodium hydroxide, was investigated. The samples were fully methylated and hydrolyzed, and the resulting mixture of alkylated sugars analyzed as their alditol acetates by g.l.c.-m.s. High and low alkali concentration favored the formation of 2-hydroxypropyl ethers at O-6 and O-2, respectively; substitution at O-2 increased the reactivity of O-3. The overall extent of substitution had only secondary effects on the relative reactivities of O-6 and O-2, and the 2-hydroxypropyl groups remained unevenly distributed among the glucose residues, even when the overall substitution increased. Only small proportions of the isomeric 2-(1-hydroxypropyl) ethers were formed, and the percentage of oligopropylene glycol ethers was also low. JF - Carbohydrate research AU - Pitha, J AU - Rao, C T AU - Lindberg, B AU - Seffers, P AD - National Institutes of Health, NIA/GRC, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/04/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 25 SP - 429 EP - 435 VL - 200 SN - 0008-6215, 0008-6215 KW - Cyclodextrins KW - 0 KW - Dextrins KW - Ethers KW - beta-Cyclodextrins KW - Starch KW - 9005-25-8 KW - 1-Propanol KW - 96F264O9SV KW - betadex KW - JV039JZZ3A KW - Index Medicus KW - Chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Hydrolysis KW - Alkylation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79914149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carbohydrate+research&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+substituents+in+2-hydroxypropyl+ethers+of+cyclomaltoheptaose.&rft.au=Pitha%2C+J%3BRao%2C+C+T%3BLindberg%2C+B%3BSeffers%2C+P&rft.aulast=Pitha&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-25&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carbohydrate+research&rft.issn=00086215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic Li+ attenuates agonist- and phorbol ester-mediated Na+/H+ antiporter activity in HL-60 cells. AN - 79854715; 2163872 AB - The effects of Li+ on signal transduction in dibutyryl cAMP-differentiated HL-60 cells were studied. Upon differentiation, these human promyelocytic leukemia cells express a chemotactic formyl peptide receptor, which is coupled through a guanine nucleotide-binding protein to phospholipase C. Stimulation with fMet-Leu-Phe results in changes in intracellular pH which are thought to be mediated by protein kinase C regulation of Na+/H+ antiporter function. Acute LiCl treatment (10 mM) was without any effect on Na+/H+ activity. However, pretreatment of HL-60 cells with 1 or 10 mM LiCl for at least 5 days resulted in a marked attenuation of fMet-Leu-Phe effects on Na+/H+ activity. In undifferentiated HL-60 cells, which lack fMet-Leu-Phe receptors, intracellular acidification induced by the proton ionophore nigericin generates an alkalinization response. Chronic (but not acute) Li+ treatment also resulted in an inhibition of the nigericin-mediated response. Furthermore, stimulation of the Na+/H+ antiporter by the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, was also markedly attenuated by chronic LiCl treatment, suggesting an impairment of protein kinase C activity. In contrast, fMet-Leu-Phe-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ and phospho-inositide breakdown were unchanged in cells treated with Li+ for 5 days. These results indicate that chronic but not acute Li+ treatment alters intracellular pH regulation possibly at a site distal to the fMet-Leu-Phe receptor. JF - European journal of pharmacology AU - Bitran, J A AU - Potter, W Z AU - Manji, H K AU - Gusovsky, F AD - Clinical Pharmacology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 25 SP - 193 EP - 202 VL - 188 IS - 4-5 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine KW - 59880-97-6 KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- pathology KW - Hydrogen -- metabolism KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Sodium -- metabolism KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Lithium -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79854715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Chronic+Li%2B+attenuates+agonist-+and+phorbol+ester-mediated+Na%2B%2FH%2B+antiporter+activity+in+HL-60+cells.&rft.au=Bitran%2C+J+A%3BPotter%2C+W+Z%3BManji%2C+H+K%3BGusovsky%2C+F&rft.aulast=Bitran&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-25&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA damage induced by phorbol ester-stimulated neutrophils is augmented by extracellular cofactors. Role of histidine and metals. AN - 79720395; 2157707 AB - Activated neutrophils cause extensive DNA damage in neighboring nonphagocytic cells. To determine whether compounds in the extracellular milieu participate in the DNA damage process, murine neutrophils were cocultivated with target tumor cells in media of varying composition. Using the alkaline elution assay, it was found that the level of strand breaks induced was significantly higher (2.8-fold) in complex cell culture media than in minimal phosphate-buffered saline. Addition of amino acids in general and of histidine in particular increased the level of damage nearly to that observed in complete media (2.7- and 2.1-fold, respectively). The histidine stimulation was concentration-dependent and reached a maximum at 100-400 microM. The mechanism whereby this occurred is not proven but probably derived from chelation of metals and participation in a site-specific Fenton reaction. Addition of the cell-impermeable chelator EDTA dramatically inhibited induction of strand breaks by neutrophils in complete media and prevented the enhancement of damage induced by histidine in phosphate-buffered saline. None of the effects on neutrophil-induced damage could be attributed to modulation of the oxidative burst activity of the cells (O2- and H2O2 production). Histidine also enhanced induction of strand breaks by reagent H2O2. However, EDTA had no effect or actually increased the level of damage induced by both a bolus of H2O2 and a flux of H2O2 generated by glucose oxidase. The cell-permeable chelator o-phenanthroline inhibited both neutrophil- and H2O2-induced damage. The results indicate that secondary reactions involving extracellular amino acids and metals contribute significantly to neutrophil-induced DNA damage to neighboring cells. Moreover, the data show that the mechanism whereby neutrophils induce this damage cannot be attributed solely to secretion of H2O2. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Shacter, E AU - Lopez, R L AU - Beecham, E J AU - Janz, S AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 25 SP - 6693 EP - 6699 VL - 265 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Edetic Acid KW - 9G34HU7RV0 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Plasmacytoma KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Edetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Leukemia L1210 KW - Neutrophils -- metabolism KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Metals -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Neutrophils -- physiology KW - Amino Acids -- pharmacology KW - Histidine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79720395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=DNA+damage+induced+by+phorbol+ester-stimulated+neutrophils+is+augmented+by+extracellular+cofactors.+Role+of+histidine+and+metals.&rft.au=Shacter%2C+E%3BLopez%2C+R+L%3BBeecham%2C+E+J%3BJanz%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shacter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-04-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic fingerprinting reflects population differentiation in the California Channel Island fox. AN - 79743205; 1970419 AB - Restriction fragment profiles generated by hybridization of hypervariable minisatellite DNA probes have been used for paternity analysis but not for comparisons at the level of populations, because the profiles are thought to evolve too rapidly to be informative over large time intervals. But in small isolated populations, the fixation of restriction-fragment polymorphisms can outpace the generation of fragment-length variability through recombination. Here we report on an analysis of DNA fingerprints of the California Channel Island fox (Urocyon littoralis). These foxes comprise an island dwarf species found only on six of the Channel Islands off the coast of southern California. Variability of restriction-fragment profiles within fox populations, as indicated by the average percentage difference (APD), varied widely among the islands, from 0.0% (no variation) to 25.3%. The APDs between populations were considerably greater (43.8% to 84.4%). In addition, foxes on each island can be distinguished by the presence of diagnostic restriction fragments. Maximum parsimony and phenetic trees relating foxes from different islands are consistent with the archaeozoological and geological record. Therefore, in small populations of genetically isolated mammals, differences among hypervariable restriction-fragment profiles can be used to estimate relative genetic variability and to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of natural populations. JF - Nature AU - Gilbert, D A AU - Lehman, N AU - O'Brien, S J AU - Wayne, R K AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program Resources Incorporated, NCI-FCRF, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/04/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 19 SP - 764 EP - 767 VL - 344 IS - 6268 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Animals KW - Genetics, Population KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Biological Evolution KW - Genetic Variation KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Foxes -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79743205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Genetic+fingerprinting+reflects+population+differentiation+in+the+California+Channel+Island+fox.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+D+A%3BLehman%2C+N%3BO%27Brien%2C+S+J%3BWayne%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-04-19&rft.volume=344&rft.issue=6268&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitochondrial myopathy caused by long-term zidovudine therapy. AN - 79698655; 2320079 AB - Both infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and zidovudine (formerly called azidothymidine [AZT]) cause myopathy. To identify criteria for distinguishing zidovudine-induced myopathy from that caused by primary HIV infection, we reviewed the histochemical, immunocytochemical, and electron-microscopical features of muscle-biopsy specimens from 20 HIV-positive patients with myopathy (15 of whom had been treated with zidovudine) and compared the findings with the patients' clinical course and response to various therapies. Among the zidovudine-treated patients, the myopathy responded to prednisone in four, to the discontinuation of zidovudine in eight, and to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in two. Numerous "ragged-red" fibers, indicative of abnormal mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions, were found in the biopsy specimens from the zidovudine-treated patients but not in those from the other patients. The number of these fibers appeared to correlate with the severity of the myopathy. All the patients, regardless of whether they had been treated with zidovudine, had inflammatory myopathy characterized by degenerating fibers, cytoplasmic bodies, and endomysial infiltrates consisting of CD8+ cells (mean +/- SD, 60.7 +/- 6.4 percent) and macrophages (39.2 +/- 6.4 percent) associated with Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) antigens (HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens) in the muscle fibers. The numbers and percentages of CD8+ cells and macrophages were similar in both the zidovudine-treated and the untreated HIV-positive patients. Specimens obtained on repeat muscle biopsy from two patients in whom the myopathy responded to the discontinuation of zidovudine showed remarkable histologic improvement. We conclude that long-term therapy with zidovudine can cause a toxic mitochondrial myopathy, which coexists with a T-cell-mediated inflammatory myopathy that is restricted to MHC-I antigen, and is indistinguishable from the myopathy associated with primary HIV infection or polymyositis in HIV-seronegative patients. JF - The New England journal of medicine AU - Dalakas, M C AU - Illa, I AU - Pezeshkpour, G H AU - Laukaitis, J P AU - Cohen, B AU - Griffin, J L AD - Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 19 SP - 1098 EP - 1105 VL - 322 IS - 16 SN - 0028-4793, 0028-4793 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- complications KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Humans KW - AIDS-Related Complex -- drug therapy KW - Adult KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Middle Aged KW - Major Histocompatibility Complex KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Female KW - Muscular Diseases -- pathology KW - Muscular Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Zidovudine -- adverse effects KW - Muscular Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Mitochondria, Muscle -- ultrastructure KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79698655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+myopathy+caused+by+long-term+zidovudine+therapy.&rft.au=Dalakas%2C+M+C%3BIlla%2C+I%3BPezeshkpour%2C+G+H%3BLaukaitis%2C+J+P%3BCohen%2C+B%3BGriffin%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Dalakas&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-19&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1098&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: N Engl J Med. 1990 Oct 4;323(14):994 [2402267] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A controlled trial of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine in lymphatic filariasis. AN - 79698117; 2181312 AB - Ivermectin is a new antifilarial drug that can be given in a single oral dose. To compare the efficacy and side effects of ivermectin with those of diethylcarbamazine, the standard antifilarial treatment, we conducted a randomized, double-blind trial in 40 South Indian men with lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a single low dose of ivermectin (mean [+/- SE], 21.3 +/- 0.7 micrograms per kilogram of body weight; n = 13) followed by placebo for 12 days; a single high dose of ivermectin (mean, 126.2 +/- 3.7 micrograms per kilogram; n = 13) followed by placebo for 12 days; or diethylcarbamazine for 13 days (6 mg per kilogram per day for 12 days preceded by 3 mg per kilogram for 1 day; n = 14). Eleven patients were initially assigned to receive placebo and after five days were reassigned to one of the three treatment groups. At day 12 there was complete clearance of microfilariae from the blood in all 26 men who took ivermectin and in 11 of the 14 men who took diethylcarbamazine. At six months the numbers of detectable microfilariae (as a percentage of the pretreatment values) were 18.3 percent after low-dose ivermectin and 19.5 percent after high-dose ivermectin, as compared with 6.0 percent after diethylcarbamazine (P less than 0.05). The side effects were confined to the first five days and were similar in the three treatment groups. We conclude that in lymphatic filariasis, the clinical response to a single dose of ivermectin compares favorably with that after the standard 12-day course of diethylcarbamazine. Given the practical advantages of single-dose administration, ivermectin should become a useful medication for the control of bancroftian filariasis. JF - The New England journal of medicine AU - Ottesen, E A AU - Vijayasekaran, V AU - Kumaraswami, V AU - Perumal Pillai, S V AU - Sadanandam, A AU - Frederick, S AU - Prabhakar, R AU - Tripathy, S P AD - Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 19 SP - 1113 EP - 1117 VL - 322 IS - 16 SN - 0028-4793, 0028-4793 KW - Ivermectin KW - 70288-86-7 KW - Diethylcarbamazine KW - V867Q8X3ZD KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Wuchereria bancrofti KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Ivermectin -- therapeutic use KW - Diethylcarbamazine -- adverse effects KW - Ivermectin -- adverse effects KW - Ivermectin -- administration & dosage KW - Diethylcarbamazine -- administration & dosage KW - Diethylcarbamazine -- therapeutic use KW - Filariasis -- drug therapy KW - Elephantiasis, Filarial -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79698117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=A+controlled+trial+of+ivermectin+and+diethylcarbamazine+in+lymphatic+filariasis.&rft.au=Ottesen%2C+E+A%3BVijayasekaran%2C+V%3BKumaraswami%2C+V%3BPerumal+Pillai%2C+S+V%3BSadanandam%2C+A%3BFrederick%2C+S%3BPrabhakar%2C+R%3BTripathy%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Ottesen&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-04-19&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: N Engl J Med. 1990 Sep 27;323(13):917-8 [2395445] N Engl J Med. 1990 Apr 19;322(16):1153-4 [2181314] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced malignancy: a phase Ib trial. AN - 79697208; 2138680 AB - We evaluated the toxic, hematopoietic, and immunomodulatory effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rHuGM-CSF). The rHuGM-CSF was administered at doses up to 50 micrograms/kg by daily 2-hour intravenous infusions to 11 patients with advanced malignancy. It induced dose-related increases in cells of the myeloid series, but it had no significant effect on reticulocyte or platelet counts. Bone marrow cellularity increased with higher doses of rHuGM-CSF, but there was a dose-related decrease in the number of colony-forming units--granulocyte-monocyte--and colony-forming units--granulocyte-erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte--per 10(5) bone marrow cells. The rHuGM-CSF caused transient increased expression of CD11b and CD16 on granulocytes but increased expression of HLA-DR and decreased expression of the high-affinity Fc receptor on monocytes and no change in monocyte production of H2O2. Thus, rHuGM-CSF has potent effects on granulocyte, eosinophil, and monocyte numbers in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. In addition, it enhances the expression of monocyte and granulocyte activation-associated surface markers. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Steis, R G AU - VanderMolen, L A AU - Longo, D L AU - Clark, J W AU - Smith, J W AU - Kopp, W C AU - Ruscetti, F W AU - Creekmore, S P AU - Elwood, L J AU - Hursey, J AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/04/18/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 18 SP - 697 EP - 703 VL - 82 IS - 8 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Antigens, Differentiation KW - 0 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - Growth Substances KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - Macrophage-1 Antigen KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgG KW - Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion -- analysis KW - Antigens, Differentiation -- analysis KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Receptors, Fc -- analysis KW - Granulocytes -- immunology KW - Blood Cell Count KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Hematopoiesis -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- immunology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- adverse effects KW - Granulocytes -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- therapeutic use KW - Growth Substances -- therapeutic use KW - Growth Substances -- adverse effects KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79697208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Recombinant+human+granulocyte-macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor+in+patients+with+advanced+malignancy%3A+a+phase+Ib+trial.&rft.au=Steis%2C+R+G%3BVanderMolen%2C+L+A%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BClark%2C+J+W%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BKopp%2C+W+C%3BRuscetti%2C+F+W%3BCreekmore%2C+S+P%3BElwood%2C+L+J%3BHursey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Steis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-18&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of human glutathione S-transferase pi gene transcription: influence of 5'-flanking sequences and trans-activating factors which recognize AP-1-binding sites. AN - 79801378; 2112105 AB - To investigate the transcriptional regulation of human glutathione S-transferase pi (GST pi) gene expression, we fused the GST pi promoter, including 2203 bp of the 5'-flanking region, exon 1, and most of intron 1, to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT)-encoding reporter gene (cat). When transfected into human cell lines, this GST-cat construct (-2203 GST-cat) supported high level cat gene expression. RNase-protection and primer-extension experiments showed that the normal GST pi transcriptional start point (tsp) is utilized, and furthermore, that intron 1 is faithfully removed by splicing from the majority of primary GST-cat transcripts. A series of constructs containing deletions in the GST pi sequences of the -2203 GST-cat vector were prepared to define potential regulatory regions. Transfection of these deletion plasmids revealed that a region between GST pi sequences -80 and -8 is absolutely required for cat expression. Furthermore, transfection of the -2203 GST-cat and deletion vectors into two human cell lines--one line which does not produce endogenous GST pi (HeLa cells) and one which produces high levels of endogenous GST pi (HS 578T cells)--failed to identify sequences that differentially influence the level of transcription in either cell line. A putative TRE (TPA responsive element or AP-1 recognition sequence) strategically situated upstream from the GST pi tsp (-69 to -63) was examined by TPA treatment of HeLa cells transfected with GST-cat DNA. Additionally, the potential interaction of fos and jun proteins with the GST pi promoter was examined by co-transfection of GST-cat constructs with jun and fos expression vectors in F9 cells. Both of these treatments, which are known to enhance transcription of several genes containing 5'-flanking TREs, failed to induce GST-cat expression. These data suggest that the putative TRE sequence in GST pi is unresponsive both to phorbol esters and to these particular transcriptional activating factors of the fos and jun family. JF - Gene AU - Morrow, C S AU - Goldsmith, M E AU - Cowan, K H AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 16 SP - 215 EP - 225 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1119, 0378-1119 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun KW - Transcription Factors KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.28 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Index Medicus KW - HeLa Cells KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Genes, Regulator -- genetics KW - Plasmids KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- genetics KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Base Sequence KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Transfection KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79801378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gene&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+human+glutathione+S-transferase+pi+gene+transcription%3A+influence+of+5%27-flanking+sequences+and+trans-activating+factors+which+recognize+AP-1-binding+sites.&rft.au=Morrow%2C+C+S%3BGoldsmith%2C+M+E%3BCowan%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Morrow&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-04-16&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gene&rft.issn=03781119&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M37065; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CSF galanin in alcoholics, pathological gamblers, and normal controls: a negative report. AN - 79743089; 1691926 JF - Biological psychiatry AU - Roy, A AU - Berrettini, W AU - Adinoff, B AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/04/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 15 SP - 923 EP - 926 VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 0006-3223, 0006-3223 KW - Neuropeptides KW - 0 KW - Peptides KW - Galanin KW - 88813-36-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk-Taking KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Peptides -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Gambling -- psychology KW - Neuropeptides -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79743089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+psychiatry&rft.atitle=CSF+galanin+in+alcoholics%2C+pathological+gamblers%2C+and+normal+controls%3A+a+negative+report.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BBerrettini%2C+W%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-04-15&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+psychiatry&rft.issn=00063223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidrug resistance due to P-glycoprotein. AN - 79713670; 1969865 AB - P-glycoprotein is a cell membrane transport protein in various human tissues that acts as an efflux pump, apparently to protect normal cells from environmental toxins. It is also a mechanism used by some cancer cells to resist chemotherapy. The gene responsible for P-glycoprotein is partially defined. Agents that inhibit the protein in tumors may make chemotherapy more effective and less toxic. JF - Hospital practice (Office ed.) AU - Burt, R K AU - Fojo, A T AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute. Y1 - 1990/04/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 15 SP - 67 EP - 72, 74, 77 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 8750-2836, 8750-2836 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Cell Membrane Permeability -- physiology KW - Transfection KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Gene Library KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Drug Resistance -- physiology KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- physiology KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- physiology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- genetics KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79713670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hospital+practice+%28Office+ed.%29&rft.atitle=Multidrug+resistance+due+to+P-glycoprotein.&rft.au=Burt%2C+R+K%3BFojo%2C+A+T%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Burt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-15&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hospital+practice+%28Office+ed.%29&rft.issn=87502836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies of effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor on autochthonous tumor and transplanted normal tissue in mice. AN - 79691009; 2317830 AB - The acute hemorrhagic necrosis of tumor nodules caused by the systemic administration of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rhTNF-alpha) has been partially attributed to changes in tumor neovascularity. In this study, the effects of rhTNF-alpha were tested on primary autochthonous sarcomas induced in C57BL/6 mice by 3-methylcholanthrene, on spontaneous mammary tumors in C3H/HEN mammary tumor virus positive mice, and on the rejection of normal tissue transplants at different stages of maturity in C57BL/6 mice. Primary i.m. tumors induced by injection of 3-methylcholanthrene grew slowly over a 3-month period and became acutely necrotic after i.v. injection of rhTNF-alpha (2-6 micrograms). In addition, rhTNF-alpha caused a reduction in tumor area of 24% over 10 days compared to a 43% increase in tumor area in control mice receiving excipient (P2 less than 0.01). Histopathologically, tumors underwent central necrosis with a neutrophilic infiltration as was observed previously for serially transplanted tumors following rhTNF-alpha administration. Spontaneous, virally induced mammary tumors underwent a 11% regression on administration of rhTNF-alpha (4-6 micrograms) compared to a 24% growth in mice receiving excipient (P2 less than 0.05). Normal mice were grafted with syngeneic (C57BL/6) or partially allogeneic (C57BL/10 to C57BL/6) skin and were treated with a single dose of rhTNF-alpha (5-20 micrograms) i.v. at either 5, 10, or 15 days posttransplantation. rhTNF-alpha administration had no effect on the integrity of the skin grafts at any maturation point tested (syngeneic graft survival at 60 days: excipient, 35 of 36 versus 20 micrograms rhTNF-alpha, 35 of 36; allogeneic graft survival: excipient, 46 +/- 8 days versus 20 micrograms rhTNF-alpha, 48 +/- 10 days). In addition, rhTNF-alpha had no effect on the integrity of a syngeneic neonatal s.c. heart graft (graft survival at 60 days, excipient, 35 of 36 versus rhTNF-alpha, 30 of 33). Thus, although rhTNF-alpha administration led to marked necrosis and growth inhibition of vascularized tumor, no effect was observed on vascularized normal tissue transplants. To evaluate possible systemic effects of the tumor bearing state on the maturing neovascularity of normal tissue grafts, the three transplant models were studied in mice bearing a 9-day established MCA-106 s.c. sarcoma. After treatment with rhTNF-alpha (2-6 micrograms), acute necrosis and tumor size reduction was apparent in the s.c. tumors; however, no effect was seen in any of the normal tissue transplants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Cancer research AU - McIntosh, J K AU - Mulé, J J AU - Travis, W D AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 15 SP - 2463 EP - 2469 VL - 50 IS - 8 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Transplantation, Isogeneic KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Transplantation, Homologous KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Kinetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Graft Rejection -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Heart Transplantation KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Skin Transplantation KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- pathology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use KW - Graft Survival -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79691009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Studies+of+effects+of+recombinant+human+tumor+necrosis+factor+on+autochthonous+tumor+and+transplanted+normal+tissue+in+mice.&rft.au=McIntosh%2C+J+K%3BMul%C3%A9%2C+J+J%3BTravis%2C+W+D%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=McIntosh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of tolerance on antitumor efficacy of tumor necrosis factor in mice. AN - 79690367; 2317813 AB - Repetitive sublethal doses of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) can induce tolerance or tachyphylaxis to the toxic effects of TNF. Because tumor-bearing (TB) mice are more sensitive to the toxic effects of TNF, this study investigates whether similar tolerance occurs in TB mice and whether it affects the antitumor response of TNF. Nontumor-bearing C3H/Hen mice were treated with twice daily i.p. sublethal escalating doses of human recombinant TNF (2, 2, 3, 3, 4, and 4 micrograms i.p. every 12 h for 6 days) and were challenged 2 days later with a lethal i.v. dose (40 micrograms) of TNF. TNF-pretreated mice had 100% survival as compared to 0% survival in control mice previously treated with saline (P less than 0.01). Tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice bearing an MCA-106 or MCA-102 sarcoma were treated with an identical TNF-tolerizing regimen (2, 2, 3, 3, 4, and 4 micrograms i.p. every 12 h for 6 days) beginning 3 days following tumor inoculation and were similarly more resistant to a subsequent 100% lethal i.v. treatment dose of TNF than control TB mice. A significantly greater percentage of TNF-pretreated mice bearing the MCA-106 sarcoma survived treatment doses of 8, 12, and 16 micrograms of TNF i.v. than control TB mice. Similarly, a significantly greater percentage of TNF-pretreated mice bearing the MCA-102 sarcoma survived treatment doses of 6 and 9 micrograms of TNF i.v. than control TB mice. However, the ability to administer higher doses of TNF i.v. to TNF-pretreated TB mice did not improve therapeutic efficacy. In mice bearing the MCA-106 tumor the most efficacious treatment responses were seen in animals that were previously naive to TNF, and treatment toxicity (lethality) correlated directly with antitumor efficacy such that larger treatment doses of TNF in tolerant mice resulted in similar antitumor effects as smaller treatment doses in control TB mice. In mice bearing the MCA-102 tumor, equitoxic treatment doses of TNF produced similar antitumor effects in both control and tolerant TB mice. There were no differences in cure rate for TNF-tolerant or control TB mice bearing either tumor. The results suggest that TNF tolerance occurs in TB mice and reduces the toxicity as well as the therapeutic efficacy of TNF. JF - Cancer research AU - Fraker, D L AU - Sheppard, B C AU - Norton, J A AD - Surgical Metabolism Section, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 15 SP - 2261 EP - 2267 VL - 50 IS - 8 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- toxicity KW - Sarcoma, Experimental -- pathology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79690367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Impact+of+tolerance+on+antitumor+efficacy+of+tumor+necrosis+factor+in+mice.&rft.au=Fraker%2C+D+L%3BSheppard%2C+B+C%3BNorton%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Fraker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-04-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A frame-shift mutation in the cystic fibrosis gene. AN - 79717209; 1691449 AB - Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common recessive lethal genetic disorder, affecting 1 in 1,600 Caucasians. The disease causes defective regulation of chloride-ion transport in exocrine cells. Although in all CF families the disease is linked to a locus on chromosome 7q31, there is clinical heterogeneity in the severity of the disease and the age at which it is diagnosed. CF is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. A three-nucleotide deletion (delta F508) causing the loss of a phenylalanine residue in the tenth exon of the CFTR gene has been found on 70% of CF chromosomes. We have now characterized a CF family in which neither parent of the affected individual carries the common mutation, and identified a two-nucleotide insertion in the CF allele of the mother. The mutation introduces a termination codon in exon 13 of the CFTR gene at residue 821, and is predicted to result in the production of a severely truncated nonfunctional protein. JF - Nature AU - White, M B AU - Amos, J AU - Hsu, J M AU - Gerrard, B AU - Finn, P AU - Dean, M AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/04/12/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 12 SP - 665 EP - 667 VL - 344 IS - 6267 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - CFTR protein, human KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator KW - 126880-72-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Alleles KW - Humans KW - Heterozygote KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 KW - Cystic Fibrosis -- genetics KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79717209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=A+frame-shift+mutation+in+the+cystic+fibrosis+gene.&rft.au=White%2C+M+B%3BAmos%2C+J%3BHsu%2C+J+M%3BGerrard%2C+B%3BFinn%2C+P%3BDean%2C+M&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-12&rft.volume=344&rft.issue=6267&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hematologic responses of patients with sickle cell disease to treatment with hydroxyurea. AN - 79696278; 1690857 AB - Because fetal hemoglobin contains gammaglobin chains instead of beta chains, it is not affected by the genetic defect that causes sickle cell disease. Increased levels of fetal hemoglobin decrease the tendency toward intracellular polymerization of sickle hemoglobin that characterizes this disease. Hydroxyurea is one of several cytostatic agents that have been shown to increase the production of fetal hemoglobin in some patients with sickle cell disease. We studied the effects of hydroxyurea administration in 10 hospitalized patients with sickle cell disease, each of whom was treated for three months. Seven patients responded with a 2- to 10-fold increase in fetal hemoglobin, from a mean (+/- SD) of 1.6 +/- 1.6 percent of total hemoglobin to 6.8 +/- 4.7 percent; three patients had fetal-hemoglobin levels of 10 to 15 percent of total hemoglobin. Three did not respond to treatment. Four of the patients who responded were retreated with hydroxyurea after one to four months without treatment and were found to have larger increases in fetal-hemoglobin levels. In most patients, levels were still rising at the end of the study, even after 90 days of therapy. Fetal-hemoglobin levels tended to peak at dosages of hydroxyurea that were myelosuppressive. In the patients who responded to treatment, there were significant increases in the percentage of reticulocytes and erythrocytes containing fetal hemoglobin and in the amount of fetal hemoglobin within these cells. The percentage of dense red cells decreased in the patients who responded to treatment. The tendency toward intracellular polymerization at physiologic oxygen saturation was reduced by about 33 percent in the cells containing fetal hemoglobin, whereas there was no change in the other cells. We conclude that hydroxyurea is effective in increasing the production of fetal hemoglobin, which in this study was found to be associated with a small decrease in hemolysis and an increase in hemoglobin levels despite myelosuppression. Controlled, prospective trials are necessary to establish whether these effects will lead to clinical benefit. JF - The New England journal of medicine AU - Rodgers, G P AU - Dover, G J AU - Noguchi, C T AU - Schechter, A N AU - Nienhuis, A W AD - Laboratory of Chemical Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/12/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 12 SP - 1037 EP - 1045 VL - 322 IS - 15 SN - 0028-4793, 0028-4793 KW - Hemoglobin, Sickle KW - 0 KW - Hemoglobins KW - Polymers KW - Fetal Hemoglobin KW - 9034-63-3 KW - Hydroxyurea KW - X6Q56QN5QC KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hemoglobin, Sickle -- metabolism KW - Hemoglobins -- analysis KW - Hematopoiesis -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Blood Cell Count KW - Hydroxyurea -- therapeutic use KW - Hydroxyurea -- pharmacology KW - Hydroxyurea -- adverse effects KW - Anemia, Sickle Cell -- blood KW - Anemia, Sickle Cell -- drug therapy KW - Fetal Hemoglobin -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79696278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Hematologic+responses+of+patients+with+sickle+cell+disease+to+treatment+with+hydroxyurea.&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+G+P%3BDover%2C+G+J%3BNoguchi%2C+C+T%3BSchechter%2C+A+N%3BNienhuis%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-04-12&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+journal+of+medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adrenergic innervation in the tibial and vagus nerves of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. AN - 79813885; 2140950 AB - Adrenergic innervation of tibial and vagus nerves was studied after 1-16 weeks duration of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Sucrose-phosphate glyoxylic acid (SPG) histochemistry and the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF) method were used to demonstrate adrenergic nerve fibers in the epi-perineurial and endoneurial compartments. Densities of innervation were quantitated with fluorescence microscopy. The density of periarteriolar adrenergic innervation in the epi-perineurium of the tibial and vagus nerves was increased 5 and 12 weeks after STZ injections as compared with control. At 16 weeks, mean densities of periarteriolar innervation in epi-perineurium had returned to or below control levels in both nerve types. In the endoneurium, however, the mean density of adrenergic nerve fibers decreased gradually at 5 weeks after induction of diabetes in both nerves, and was totally absent at 12 weeks. At 16 weeks no sign of recovering innervation in the endoneurium was seen. In conclusion, adrenergic innervation goes through similar pathological alterations both in tibial and vagus nerves shortly after the induction of streptozotocin diabetes. These changes may contribute to diabetic peripheral neuropathy by impairing the regulation of nerve blood flow. JF - Brain research AU - Koistinaho, J AU - Wadhwani, K C AU - Rapoport, S I AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/09/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 09 SP - 106 EP - 112 VL - 513 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Streptozocin KW - 5W494URQ81 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Cell Count KW - Male KW - Blood Vessels -- innervation KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- pathology KW - Diabetic Neuropathies -- pathology KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Vagus Nerve -- pathology KW - Vagus Nerve -- blood supply KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- complications KW - Tibial Nerve -- blood supply KW - Blood Vessels -- pathology KW - Adrenergic Fibers -- pathology KW - Tibial Nerve -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79813885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Adrenergic+innervation+in+the+tibial+and+vagus+nerves+of+rats+with+streptozotocin-induced+diabetes.&rft.au=Koistinaho%2C+J%3BWadhwani%2C+K+C%3BRapoport%2C+S+I&rft.aulast=Koistinaho&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-09&rft.volume=513&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutational hotspot variability in an ultraviolet-treated shuttle vector plasmid propagated in xeroderma pigmentosum and normal human lymphoblasts and fibroblasts. AN - 79712692; 2182882 AB - The mutagenesis shuttle vector, pZ189, was treated with ultraviolet (u.v.) radiation in vitro and passed through a DNA repair-deficient lymphoblastoid cell line derived from a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XP-A) (XP12BE(EBV)) and a DNA repair-proficient lymphoblastoid cell line (GM606(EBV)). After u.v. treatment, plasmid survival was lower and mutation frequency higher with the XP-A cells mirroring the survival and mutagenesis of the host cells. The nature of the mutations in the suppressor tRNA marker gene was determined by direct sequence analysis. The G.C to A.T transition was the dominant (85%) base substitution mutation with the XP lymphoblasts and was the major (56%) base substitution mutation with the repair-proficient lymphoblasts. We found a G.C to A.T transition mutational hotspot with the XP lymphoblasts not seen in our previous experiments with fibroblasts from the same patient. Comparison of the data presented here with our results with DNA repair-deficient and DNA repair-proficient fibroblasts suggests that hotspot variability is not due to genetic polymorphism or repair capacity of the cells. Instead it appears that cellular factors can influence the probability of mutagenesis of modified DNA at particular sites. JF - Journal of molecular biology AU - Seetharam, S AU - Kraemer, K H AU - Waters, H L AU - Seidman, M M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 05 SP - 433 EP - 436 VL - 212 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Humans KW - Lymphocytes KW - Cell Line KW - Fibroblasts KW - DNA Repair KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum -- genetics KW - Plasmids -- radiation effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79712692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Mutational+hotspot+variability+in+an+ultraviolet-treated+shuttle+vector+plasmid+propagated+in+xeroderma+pigmentosum+and+normal+human+lymphoblasts+and+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Seetharam%2C+S%3BKraemer%2C+K+H%3BWaters%2C+H+L%3BSeidman%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Seetharam&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-04-05&rft.volume=212&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+molecular+biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of suramin, an anti-human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase agent, on protein kinase C. Differential activation and inhibition of protein kinase C isozymes. AN - 79687247; 1690710 AB - Suramin inhibited protein kinase C (PKC) type I-III activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar inhibitory effects were observed with M-kinase, the constitutively active catalytic fragment of PKC, and autophosphorylation of PKC types I-III. Kinetic experiments indicated that suramin competitively inhibits activity with respect to ATP (Ki = 17, 27, and 31 microM, respectively) and that it can also inhibit by interaction with the substrate histone III-S. With protamine as the Pi acceptor, suramin inhibition was dependent on lipid, being approximately 4-fold less sensitive to inhibition in the absence of phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol than in their presence. Suramin at low concentrations (10-40 microM), in the presence of Ca2+ and absence of lipid, was able to stimulate kinase activity (approximately 200-400%) in a type-dependent manner and at higher concentrations inhibited activity with histone III-S as substrate. These results indicate that suramin, a hexa-anionic hydrophobic compound, can act as a negatively charged phospholipid analog in activating PKC in the presence of Ca2+ and absence of lipid and can inhibit Ca2+/phosphatidylserine/diacylglycerol-stimulated kinase activity at higher concentrations by competing with ATP or by interaction with the exogenous substrate. Suramin inhibited cAMP-dependent protein kinase much less potently (IC50 = 656 microM) than PKC. The ability of suramin to inhibit PKC-mediated processes in intact cells was tested using the phorbol ester-stimulated respiratory burst of neutrophils as a model system. The respiratory burst of human neutrophils, when preincubated with suramin and then stimulated with phorbol ester, was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that suramin may also be able to inhibit PKC-mediated processes in intact cells. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Mahoney, C W AU - Azzi, A AU - Huang, K P AD - Endocrinology and Reproduction Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 05 SP - 5424 EP - 5428 VL - 265 IS - 10 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Histones KW - Isoenzymes KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Suramin KW - 6032D45BEM KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Neutrophils -- metabolism KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Diglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Phosphatidylserines -- pharmacology KW - Histones -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Suramin -- pharmacology KW - HIV -- enzymology KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79687247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+suramin%2C+an+anti-human+immunodeficiency+virus+reverse+transcriptase+agent%2C+on+protein+kinase+C.+Differential+activation+and+inhibition+of+protein+kinase+C+isozymes.&rft.au=Mahoney%2C+C+W%3BAzzi%2C+A%3BHuang%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Mahoney&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-04-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systemic lupus erythematosus. Treatment-related complications superimposed on chronic disease. AN - 79671859; 2313852 JF - JAMA AU - Klippel, J H AD - Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/04/04/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 04 SP - 1812 EP - 1815 VL - 263 IS - 13 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Femur Head Necrosis -- chemically induced KW - Urinary Tract Infections -- complications KW - Humans KW - Proteinuria -- complications KW - Adult KW - Hypertension -- etiology KW - Chronic Disease KW - Skin Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Proteinuria -- therapy KW - Morbidity KW - Female KW - Arthritis, Infectious -- complications KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- complications KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- therapeutic use KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- drug therapy KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- mortality KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79671859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Systemic+lupus+erythematosus.+Treatment-related+complications+superimposed+on+chronic+disease.&rft.au=Klippel%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Klippel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-04&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential keratin gene expression in developing, differentiating, preneoplastic, and neoplastic mouse mammary epithelium. AN - 80315387; 1707299 AB - Two keratins whose expression has been associated with proliferation (K14) and hyperproliferation (K6) in mouse epithelia were detected in normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic mouse mammary tissues. K6 and K14 keratins were independently expressed in distinct epithelial cell populations in developing mammary anlage. K6 was confined to a small number of mammary epithelial cells associated with the growing end buds and among the proximal luminal epithelium, whereas K14 expression appeared in basally located fusiform cells that correspond to the location of mammary myoepithelial cells. This pattern was maintained in mature glands and through full functional differentiation with the exception that K6-positive cells were only rarely detectable. During lobuloalveolar growth in early pregnancy, K6 and K6/K14 coexpressing cells were observed among the luminal and suprabasal cells in the expanding lobular epithelium. This K6/K14 coexpressing epithelial subset persisted throughout pregnancy, lactation, and involution, albeit in much smaller numbers than observed in early pregnancy. Two patterns of K6 and K14 expression in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of mouse mammary glands were induced by various carcinogenic stimuli. In one, increased numbers of K6- or K14-positive cells were present in distinct cellular populations; in the other, coexpression of K6/K14 was found in a large subpopulation of both preneoplastic and neoplastic mammary epithelium. These observations suggest that expression of K6 and K14 keratins in the mouse mammary gland is associated with growth and expansion of specific mammary epithelial cell populations, and as such these keratins may be useful probes with which to identify mammary epithelium-specific primordial cells. In agreement with this possibility, K6/K14 expression was demonstrated within a distinct subset of morphologically distinct luminal mammary epithelial cells that have been reported to possess kinetic properties in vitro consistent with those expected of latent mammogenic stem cells. JF - Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Smith, G H AU - Mehrel, T AU - Roop, D R AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 161 EP - 170 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1044-9523, 1044-9523 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Pregnancy KW - Animals, Wild KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Lactation -- genetics KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Female KW - Cell Division KW - Keratins -- genetics KW - Precancerous Conditions -- genetics KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- metabolism KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- genetics KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- growth & development KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- embryology KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Precancerous Conditions -- metabolism KW - Keratins -- analysis KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Keratins -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80315387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Differential+keratin+gene+expression+in+developing%2C+differentiating%2C+preneoplastic%2C+and+neoplastic+mouse+mammary+epithelium.&rft.au=Smith%2C+G+H%3BMehrel%2C+T%3BRoop%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10449523&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suramin: prototype of a new generation of antitumor compounds. AN - 79959538; 2202382 AB - Suramin is a polysulfonated compound originally developed nearly 75 years ago for use as a trypanocidal agent. Recent studies indicate that suramin can also disrupt mammalian cell function, notably by blocking growth factor--receptor interactions and by inhibiting the activity of enzymes that are critical for cell growth and proliferation. These observations, together with the finding that clinically achievable concentrations of the drug are toxic to many human tumor cell lines, have prompted clinical investigations of suramin's efficacy as an antitumor agent. This review considers the possible mechanisms that may underlie suramin's cytotoxic effects and discusses ongoing clinical trials in cancer patients. JF - Cancer cells (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : 1989) AU - La Rocca, R V AU - Stein, C A AU - Myers, C E AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 106 EP - 115 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1042-2196, 1042-2196 KW - Suramin KW - 6032D45BEM KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Suramin -- adverse effects KW - Suramin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Suramin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79959538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.atitle=Suramin%3A+prototype+of+a+new+generation+of+antitumor+compounds.&rft.au=La+Rocca%2C+R+V%3BStein%2C+C+A%3BMyers%2C+C+E&rft.aulast=La+Rocca&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.issn=10422196&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparation of affinity-purified, biotinylated tetanus toxin, and characterization and localization of cell surface binding sites on nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells. AN - 79952123; 2388710 AB - Biotinylated derivatives of tetanus toxin were prepared and isolated by chromatofocusing and ganglioside-affinity chromatography. Biotinylation was monitored by the appearance of a 210,00 dalton complex upon SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of avidin, and by selective binding to an avidin-Sepharose gel. At molar biotin:toxin ratios from 1:1 to 20:1 only biotinylated derivatives with low toxicity were obtained; these derivatives, however, retained 60-80% of their specific binding affinity for brain synaptosomes. A biotinylated tetanus toxin derivative purified by ganglioside-affinity chromatography was used to identify and localize tetanus toxin binding sites on PC12 cells. Electron microscopic analysis with streptavidin-gold revealed very low levels of tetanus toxin binding sites on the surface of untreated cells, and the appearance of such binding sites during the second week of nerve growth factor-induced differentiation. Examination of micrographs of the differentiated cells indicated that the tetanus toxin binding sites sites are concentrated on the neurites, with relatively few appearing on the cell bodies. Cognate studies using 125I-labeled, affinity-purified tetanus toxin revealed an increase in PC12 binding capacity from about 0.07 nmol/mg protein in untreated cells to 0.8 nmoles/mg protein in cells treated for 14 days with nerve growth factor. Cells treated in suspension for 2-3 weeks with nerve growth factor do not express tetanus toxin binding sites; upon plating, these cells required one week for the appearance of binding sites, although neurites grew much more rapidly from these "primed" cells. The high binding capacity of these tetanus toxin sites, as well as their sensitivity to neuraminidase, is indicative of a polysialoganglioside structure. The advantages of biotinylated tetanus toxin derivatives are discussed and the significance of nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells grown as monolayers as a model for the study of the development, localization, and function of neuraminidase-sensitive tetanus toxin binding sites is presented. JF - Neurochemical research AU - Fujita, K AU - Guroff, G AU - Yavin, E AU - Goping, G AU - Orenberg, R AU - Lazarovici, P AD - Section on Growth Factors, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 373 EP - 383 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0364-3190, 0364-3190 KW - Nerve Growth Factors KW - 0 KW - Tetanus Toxin KW - Avidin KW - 1405-69-2 KW - Biotin KW - 6SO6U10H04 KW - Neuraminidase KW - EC 3.2.1.18 KW - Trypsin KW - EC 3.4.21.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Binding Sites KW - Chromatography, Affinity KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Neuraminidase -- pharmacology KW - Trypsin -- pharmacology KW - Synaptosomes -- metabolism KW - Tetanus Toxin -- isolation & purification KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Tetanus Toxin -- toxicity KW - Nerve Growth Factors -- pharmacology KW - Tetanus Toxin -- metabolism KW - Pheochromocytoma -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79952123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemical+research&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+affinity-purified%2C+biotinylated+tetanus+toxin%2C+and+characterization+and+localization+of+cell+surface+binding+sites+on+nerve+growth+factor-treated+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Fujita%2C+K%3BGuroff%2C+G%3BYavin%2C+E%3BGoping%2C+G%3BOrenberg%2C+R%3BLazarovici%2C+P&rft.aulast=Fujita&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemical+research&rft.issn=03643190&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathology Working Group review of selected upper respiratory tract lesions in rats and mice. AN - 79936546; 2384066 AB - The collected comments and pathologic diagnoses of several pathologists are summarized for 18 cases in which lesions were induced in the upper respiratory tract of rats and mice. Specific neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the nose and trachea are described and discussed, and opinions regarding pathogenesis and biologic significance of the lesions are presented. The anatomic and pathophysiologic complexities of the rodent nose in relation to lesion development following inhalation or systemic exposure to xenobiotics are important considerations in the genesis of pathologic changes in this organ. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Maronpot, R R AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 331 EP - 352 VL - 85 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxins, Biological KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Toxins, Biological -- toxicity KW - Toxins, Biological -- administration & dosage KW - Nose Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Tracheal Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Tracheal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nose Diseases -- pathology KW - Tracheal Diseases -- pathology KW - Nose Diseases -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79936546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pathology+Working+Group+review+of+selected+upper+respiratory+tract+lesions+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Maronpot%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Maronpot&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of alveolar type II cells in response to silica and other pulmonary toxicants. AN - 79936475; 2166657 AB - Alveolar Type II cells serve two major functions in the lung, both of which are essential for the preservation of normal lung function. First, Type II cells synthesize and secrete pulmonary surfactant, and second, they function as progenitor cells for maintaining the alveolar epithelium. The Type II cell population of the lung is quite sensitive to the deposition of toxicants in the distal lung, responding in two principal ways. Damage to the Type I epithelium stimulates Type II cells to proliferate and subsequently differentiate to replace the injured Type I cells. Second, a portion of the Type II cell population may become hypertrophic. Both of these events are frequent findings in the diseased or damaged lung. The Type II cell changes are often associated with increases in surfactant pools. In those cases where ultrastructural characteristics of hypertrophic Type II cells were examined, the appearance of these cells was consistent with that of an activated cell type. Alterations in the lamellar body compartment are a common finding in hypertrophic Type II cells, with increases in both lamellar body size and number. It is likely that the hypertrophic, or activated, Type II cells account for the increased levels of surfactant found in the lungs after exposure to a variety of toxic agents. We examined, in detail, Type II cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy induced by silica deposition. Both Type II cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy were prominent responses. The proliferative response led to an approximate doubling of the number of Type II cells in the lung.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Miller, B E AU - Hook, G E AD - Laboratory of Pulmonary Pathobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 15 EP - 23 VL - 85 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pulmonary Surfactants KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Hypertrophy KW - Hyperplasia KW - Pulmonary Surfactants -- ultrastructure KW - Pulmonary Surfactants -- biosynthesis KW - Rabbits KW - Epithelium -- ultrastructure KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Pulmonary Surfactants -- drug effects KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- pathology KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- ultrastructure KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- drug effects KW - Silicon Dioxide -- toxicity KW - Lung Diseases -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79936475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Hypertrophy+and+hyperplasia+of+alveolar+type+II+cells+in+response+to+silica+and+other+pulmonary+toxicants.&rft.au=Miller%2C+B+E%3BHook%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Pathol. 1988 Aug;132(2):330-44 [3400776] Gen Pharmacol. 1988;19(3):361-8 [3046997] Biochem J. 1988 Aug 1;253(3):659-65 [2845927] Biochem J. 1977 Sep 15;166(3):323-9 [202246] Biochemistry. 1978 Feb 7;17(3):520-8 [620005] Environ Res. 1978 Jul;16(1-3):443-8 [210012] Lab Invest. 1978 Dec;39(6):640-53 [739764] Lab Invest. 1979 Jul;41(1):5-12 [312974] Toxicol Lett. 1980 Jan;5(1):89-93 [6892858] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 May;123(5):533-41 [7015935] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Aug;51(2):248-53 [6894914] Lab Invest. 1982 Jun;46(6):570-6 [6896354] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1982 Nov;66(2):305-11 [7164104] Exp Lung Res. 1983 Jul;5(1):1-21 [6872998] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Sep;51:81-4 [6315386] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Jan;129(1):174-81 [6703477] Lab Invest. 1984 Jun;50(6):711-25 [6547192] Environ Health Perspect. 1984 Apr;55:393-416 [6376109] Am J Pathol. 1984 Oct;117(1):37-43 [6486244] Am J Pathol. 1984 Dec;117(3):484-98 [6095671] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1985;14(1):1-32 [2578919] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Mar;131(3):439-60 [2858175] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Sep 15;80(2):215-27 [4024112] Exp Pathol. 1985;28(1):33-43 [2411589] Exp Lung Res. 1986;10(1):39-55 [2419123] Biochem Soc Trans. 1985 Dec;13(6):1084-7 [3841520] Biochem J. 1986 Jan 1;233(1):111-8 [3006655] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Jun 15;84(1):66-83 [3012822] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Jun;133(6):1055-9 [3087250] Lab Invest. 1986 Aug;55(2):153-63 [3016407] Lab Invest. 1986 Aug;55(2):194-208 [3755483] Exp Lung Res. 1986;11(3):209-28 [3780602] Biochem J. 1986 Oct 1;239(1):59-67 [3026370] Exp Lung Res. 1987;12(2):135-48 [3032599] Toxicology. 1987 Jun;44(3):321-8 [3576629] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1987 Jun;62(6):2230-6 [3610919] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Oct;138(4):990-8 [3059887] J Histochem Cytochem. 1966 Dec;14(12):884-97 [17121387] Environ Res. 1981 Feb;24(1):207-17 [6894278] Am J Pathol. 1968 Nov;53(5):809-33 [4234739] J Pathol. 1970 Aug;101(4):293-307 [4323445] Arch Intern Med. 1971 Jul;128(1):101-8 [5108749] Am J Pathol. 1971 Sep;64(3):559-66 [5133517] Experientia. 1972 Aug 15;28(8):938-9 [4342514] Am J Pathol. 1973 Feb;70(2):175-98 [4566990] Lab Invest. 1974 Jan;30(1):35-42 [4812806] Chest. 1974 Apr;65:Suppl:19S-21S [4362110] Br J Exp Pathol. 1974 Aug;55(4):384-95 [4279687] Exp Mol Pathol. 1975 Feb;22(1):142-50 [163758] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1975 May;111(5):657-88 [1093459] Lab Invest. 1975 Jun;32(6):736-45 [1171339] Biochem J. 1975 Dec;151(3):707-14 [1243652] Toxicology. 1976 Mar;5(3):267-77 [817421] Lab Invest. 1976 Dec;35(6):558-68 [62893] Lab Invest. 1977 Jan;36(1):26-32 [830993] Inhaled Part. 1975 Sep;4 Pt 2:415-27 [198363] J Pathol. 1987 Jun;152(2):109-17 [3040951] J Pathol. 1987 Jun;152(2):99-107 [3040953] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Oct;136(4):899-907 [3662242] Biochem J. 1987 May 1;243(3):679-85 [2821988] Lab Invest. 1987 Nov;57(5):546-54 [2824924] Am J Pathol. 1988 Feb;130(2):377-83 [3341452] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Mar;137(3):585-91 [3345040] Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1988;54(4):232-40 [2895534] Lab Invest. 1988 May;58(5):565-75 [2835551] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 May;93(3):472-83 [3285521] Exp Mol Pathol. 1988 Aug;49(1):141-50 [3396665] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors associated with relapse during maintenance treatment of affective disorders. AN - 79922620; 2380544 AB - Five case studies were selected from a group of 22 patients with affective illness who have been followed during carbamazepine prophylaxis in an NIMH naturalistic prospective followup study. They highlight several factors which may be associated with relapse during maintenance treatment: (1) noncompliance; (2) breakthrough episodes with dose reduction; (3) illness exacerbation during psychosocial stress; and (4) progressive emergence of the illness or tolerance to therapeutic effects of psychotropic medications. Attention to these factors may lead to new and better management, as illustrated in case 5. The utility of a life charting approach is emphasized in delineating past and present course of illness, considering the relevance of cycling pattern and past treatment efficacy in selection of present pharmacological interventions, and helping to formulate a multifactorial concept of the interplay of biological and psychosocial factors in the evolution or exacerbation of mood disorders. Clinical recommendations and new areas of study are offered for a more comprehensive approach to maintenance treatment of affective disorders. JF - International clinical psychopharmacology AU - Leverich, G S AU - Post, R M AU - Rosoff, A S AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 135 EP - 156 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0268-1315, 0268-1315 KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Patient Compliance KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Recurrence KW - Patient Readmission KW - Male KW - Female KW - Stress, Psychological -- complications KW - Carbamazepine -- adverse effects KW - Carbamazepine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Bipolar Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Lithium -- therapeutic use KW - Bipolar Disorder -- psychology KW - Carbamazepine -- therapeutic use KW - Lithium -- adverse effects KW - Lithium -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79922620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Factors+associated+with+relapse+during+maintenance+treatment+of+affective+disorders.&rft.au=Leverich%2C+G+S%3BPost%2C+R+M%3BRosoff%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Leverich&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.issn=02681315&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polydipsia and hyponatremia in psychiatric patients: challenge to creative nursing care. AN - 79847288; 2357113 AB - Among patients with psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia, a pattern of extreme polydipsia and polyuria sometimes emerges, usually without readily identifiable medical causes. Hyponatremia may develop and progress to water intoxication, with symptoms including restlessness, confusion, seizures, or even death. We review the clinical features and pathophysiology of this syndrome and discuss nursing roles in identifying and managing patients with polydipsia and hyponatremia. While the causes of polydipsia and hyponatremia are unclear, relevant factors seem to include a possible dysfunction in central nervous system (CNS) thirst and osmoregulatory centers, the inappropriate secretion of or sensitivity to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and psychoactive drugs. Management techniques for affected patients concentrate on careful observation, fluid restriction, and the minimization of possible exacerbating factors such as high neuroleptic dosage and cigarette consumption. JF - Archives of psychiatric nursing AU - Lapierre, E AU - Berthot, B D AU - Gurvitch, M AU - Rees, I AU - Kirch, D G AD - Neuropsychiatric Research Hospital, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 87 EP - 92 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 0883-9417, 0883-9417 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - Humans KW - Water Intoxication -- nursing KW - Hyponatremia -- nursing KW - Hyponatremia -- physiopathology KW - Hyponatremia -- etiology KW - Water Intoxication -- physiopathology KW - Psychiatric Nursing KW - Water Intoxication -- etiology KW - Schizophrenia -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79847288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+psychiatric+nursing&rft.atitle=Polydipsia+and+hyponatremia+in+psychiatric+patients%3A+challenge+to+creative+nursing+care.&rft.au=Lapierre%2C+E%3BBerthot%2C+B+D%3BGurvitch%2C+M%3BRees%2C+I%3BKirch%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Lapierre&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+psychiatric+nursing&rft.issn=08839417&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secretion of a platelet-derived growth factor homologue by rat alveolar macrophages exposed to particulates in vitro. AN - 79823358; 2190835 AB - Lung macrophages secrete a homologue of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) which induces the proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro. In previous studies, we showed that such a PDGF homologue is produced by rat alveolar macrophages and that rat lung fibroblasts have specific receptors for the macrophage-derived PDGF. In this study, we demonstrate the biological and physicochemical properties of the growth factor, as well as the time-related production of this factor following macrophage activation in vitro by organic and inorganic particles. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) collected by saline lavage from the lungs of rats were cultured in serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (SF-DMEM) for varying periods of time up to 72 h. The SF-DMEM "conditioned" by the AMs was used to treat early passage rat lung fibroblasts (RLFs), which were rendered quiescent by culturing in 2% platelet-poor plasma (PPP). Alveolar macrophage conditioned media (AMCM) in the presence of PPP caused increases in the number of fibroblasts, the percent of labeled fibroblast nuclei and tritiated [3H]thymidine incorporation. AMCM alone caused no detectable changes in fibroblast growth rate. These results indicate that AMs release a "competence-like" growth factor. The AMs were left untreated or were exposed to opsonized zymosan, carbonyl iron spheres or chrysotile asbestos fibers. Macrophages attached to a plastic substrate spontaneously produced the factor, and subsequent addition of the organic and inorganic particles to the macrophage cultures significantly increased the fibroblast-stimulating activity of the AMCM. The growth factor was stable after concentration (100-fold), lyophilization and reconstitution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - European journal of cell biology AU - Bauman, M D AU - Jetten, A M AU - Bonner, J C AU - Kumar, R K AU - Bennett, R A AU - Brody, A R AD - Laboratory of Pulmonary Pathobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 327 EP - 334 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0171-9335, 0171-9335 KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - 0 KW - Asbestos KW - 1332-21-4 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Iron -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - DNA Replication KW - Fibroblasts KW - Macrophages -- secretion KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- immunology KW - Asbestos -- pharmacology KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- secretion KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- analysis KW - Macrophages -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79823358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Secretion+of+a+platelet-derived+growth+factor+homologue+by+rat+alveolar+macrophages+exposed+to+particulates+in+vitro.&rft.au=Bauman%2C+M+D%3BJetten%2C+A+M%3BBonner%2C+J+C%3BKumar%2C+R+K%3BBennett%2C+R+A%3BBrody%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Bauman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+cell+biology&rft.issn=01719335&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha predicts decreased long-term survival in severe alcoholic hepatitis. AN - 79812090; 2190492 AB - Plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) were measured in plasma samples obtained from 23 patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis on admission and after 30 days of hospitalization. Over a 2-year follow-up period, 14 patients died at a mean time of 8 months following discharge. The presence of elevated plasma TNF alpha either at admission or discharge from the hospital was associated with death in 82% (14/17) of patients. By contrast absence of elevated plasma TNF alpha was associated with survival in 100% (6/6). The difference in survival with and without detectable plasma TNF alpha was significant at p = 0.0022. Plasma TNF alpha was not elevated in alcoholic patients without clinically apparent liver disease, with alcoholic cirrhosis, or in nonalcoholic healthy controls. Plasma IL-1 alpha was also significantly increased in alcoholic hepatitis whereas IL-1 beta was not. Neither IL-1 alpha nor beta was correlated with outcome in the alcoholic hepatitis group. It is concluded that the presence of elevated plasma TNF alpha is a significant predictor of decreased long-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. JF - Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research AU - Felver, M E AU - Mezey, E AU - McGuire, M AU - Mitchell, M C AU - Herlong, H F AU - Veech, G A AU - Veech, R L AD - Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland 20852. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 255 EP - 259 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0145-6008, 0145-6008 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Index Medicus KW - Survival Rate KW - Interleukin-1 -- blood KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Liver Function Tests KW - Male KW - Female KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- mortality KW - Hepatitis, Alcoholic -- mortality KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79812090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.atitle=Plasma+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+predicts+decreased+long-term+survival+in+severe+alcoholic+hepatitis.&rft.au=Felver%2C+M+E%3BMezey%2C+E%3BMcGuire%2C+M%3BMitchell%2C+M+C%3BHerlong%2C+H+F%3BVeech%2C+G+A%3BVeech%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Felver&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.issn=01456008&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues in the design of drug trials for AIDS. AN - 79805403; 2161314 AB - Although the fundamental principles that drive the design, conduct, and analysis of clinical trials are as applicable to AIDS as to other diseases, there is no question that we have been confronted with unusually difficult challenges in studying therapeutic approaches in this disease area. Treatments are being developed that show great promise, but when investigated further some may be seen to offer no clinical benefit and others may do active harm through toxicity. A group of biostatisticians, meeting in association with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), has discussed and written a report on a number of issues, primarily related to principles of study design, with the goal of stimulating thought on new study designs and the timely implementation of well-designed trials to identify effective treatment strategies for HIV-infected populations. These issues include (1) progression of clinical trials through phases, (2) choices of outcomes, (3) breadth and complexity of clinical trials (eligibility criteria and "low-tech" trials, (4) alternative designs to be used in randomized trials, and (5) the concept of randomized clinical trials as a desirable option, both for patients and for science. The current HIV epidemic makes the requirements of obtaining valid scientific comparisons more important, not less so, but the challenge is to expedite this process. JF - Controlled clinical trials AU - Green, S B AU - Ellenberg, S S AU - Finkelstein, D AU - Forsythe, A B AU - Freedman, L S AU - Freeman, K AU - Lefkopoulou, M AU - Schoenfeld, D AU - Smith, R P AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 80 EP - 87 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 0197-2456, 0197-2456 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Humans KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Research Design KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79805403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Controlled+clinical+trials&rft.atitle=Issues+in+the+design+of+drug+trials+for+AIDS.&rft.au=Green%2C+S+B%3BEllenberg%2C+S+S%3BFinkelstein%2C+D%3BForsythe%2C+A+B%3BFreedman%2C+L+S%3BFreeman%2C+K%3BLefkopoulou%2C+M%3BSchoenfeld%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Controlled+clinical+trials&rft.issn=01972456&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subtypes of substance abusers: personality differences associated with MacAndrew scores. AN - 79800526; 2349358 AB - Several earlier studies have reported clinically relevant personality correlates of high vs low scores on the MacAndrew Scale (Mac) of the MMPI. Unfortunately, these projects have not adjusted for age or nature of abuse. Also, most have assumed that the personality correlates are the same for female patients as for male patients. This study attempts to address these deficiencies. Even after correcting for age and diagnosis, high Mac patients differ from low Mac patients on major scales of the MMPI. The pattern of such differences varies considerably between men and women. Substance abuse treatment implications of these differences are discussed. JF - Psychological reports AU - Allen, J P AU - Faden, V AU - Rawlings, R AU - Miller, A AD - Treatment Research Branch, NIAAA, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 691 EP - 698 VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0033-2941, 0033-2941 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Psychometrics KW - MMPI KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Individuality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79800526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+reports&rft.atitle=Subtypes+of+substance+abusers%3A+personality+differences+associated+with+MacAndrew+scores.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+P%3BFaden%2C+V%3BRawlings%2C+R%3BMiller%2C+A&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychological+reports&rft.issn=00332941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AN - 79788441; 2140495 AB - In summary, recent advances in our ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent recurrences of pneumocystis pneumonia have significantly improved the clinical management of this infection, especially in HIV-1-infected individuals. As current investigations allow our therapeutic armamentarium in this disease to be strengthened even further, it is likely that pneumocystis pneumonia will pose a diminishing threat to those patients currently most susceptible to this infection. JF - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy AU - Davey, R T AU - Masur, H AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 499 EP - 504 VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Quinazolines KW - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination KW - 8064-90-2 KW - Trimetrexate KW - UPN4ITI8T4 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Humans KW - Quinazolines -- adverse effects KW - Opportunistic Infections -- complications KW - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- prevention & control KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- drug therapy KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- diagnosis KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79788441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+the+diagnosis%2C+treatment%2C+and+prevention+of+Pneumocystis+carinii+pneumonia.&rft.au=Davey%2C+R+T%3BMasur%2C+H&rft.aulast=Davey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Pediatr. 1978 Feb;92(2):285-91 [304478] Ann Intern Med. 1988 Jul 1;109(1):7-10 [2454045] Ann Intern Med. 1984 May;100(5):663-71 [6231873] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Jun;129(6):929-32 [6610373] West J Med. 1984 Nov;141(5):613-23 [6440364] Am J Med. 1985 Mar;78(3):429-37 [2983548] Ann Intern Med. 1985 Jun;102(6):747-52 [2986505] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Nov;132(5):1087-92 [3877481] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Feb;133(2):226-9 [3484921] Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986 Mar;39(3):271-5 [3485027] Ann Thorac Surg. 1986 Mar;41(3):307-12 [3954503] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Apr;133(4):515-8 [3485945] Ann Intern Med. 1986 Jul;105(1):45-8 [2940954] Chest. 1986 Jul;90(1):18-22 [3013511] Lancet. 1986 Jul 5;2(8497):1-3 [2873314] Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Nov-Dec;8(6):1001-11 [3541120] N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 25;316(26):1627-32 [3495732] Lancet. 1987 Aug 29;2(8557):480-3 [2887779] Ann Intern Med. 1987 Oct;107(4):495-8 [3498418] N Engl J Med. 1987 Oct 15;317(16):978-85 [2958710] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Nov;136(5):1199-206 [3499836] JAMA. 1988 Feb 26;259(8):1185-9 [3257532] N Engl J Med. 1988 Mar 10;318(10):589-93 [2449613] Ann Intern Med. 1988 Aug 15;109(4):280-7 [3260759] Nature. 1988 Aug 11;334(6182):519-22 [2970013] Clin Chest Med. 1988 Sep;9(3):473-9 [3044683] Chest. 1988 Nov;94(5):1031-3 [3263259] Ann Intern Med. 1988 Dec 1;109(11):874-9 [2973275] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Jul;32(7):1057-60 [3263834] Chest. 1989 Jan;95(1):136-8 [2783305] Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1988 Jun;2(2):419-28 [3060526] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1988;1(4):354-60 [3265156] Lancet. 1989 May 13;1(8646):1046-8 [2566001] Exp Parasitol. 1989 May;68(4):450-61 [2470612] Ann Intern Med. 1989 Aug 1;111(3):223-31 [2546472] J Infect Dis. 1989 Aug;160(2):312-20 [2527275] J Infect Dis. 1989 Aug;160(2):355-6 [2788198] Lab Invest. 1966 Oct;15(10):1559-77 [5297332] Ann Intern Med. 1974 Jan;80(1):83-93 [4589515] Science. 1977 Jul 8;197(4299):177-9 [301657] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Apr;137(4):796-800 [3258483] J Infect Dis. 1988 Jun;157(6):1115-9 [3286781] Chest. 1978 Jul;74(1):24-8 [307482] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytokines alter target cell susceptibility to lysis: I. Evaluation of non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted effectors reveals differential effects on natural and lymphokine-activated killing. AN - 79777881; 2111373 AB - Interferon-gamma (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) were examined for their ability to enhance major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression on a variety of human tumor and normal tissue targets. Enhanced expression of MHC correlated with decreased target susceptibility to lysis by fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and IL-2-augmented PBMCs (aPBL) but not as clearly with cells with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity. These studies revealed maximal MHC enhancement after 48-72 h of incubation in IFN. Resistance to lysis by natural killer (NK) cells was best demonstrated after 72 h. Further, IFN and TNF were synergistic in their effects on MHC expression and induction of resistance of the cultured leukemias K562 and Molt-4 to aPBL effectors. Conversely, LAK susceptibility was usually unaltered after target IFN and TNF treatment. Incubation of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells with IFN also consistently resulted in MHC class I enhancement and resistance to NK lysis, whereas LAK susceptibility was variably affected. The brief incubation of fresh PBL in IL-2 (4-6 h) resulted in effectors highly lytic toward cultured cells, but with no activity against fresh tumor. Cultured cell lines treated with IFN and TNF were rendered relatively resistant to lysis by these activated cells. Fresh tumor MHC expression and LAK susceptibility was unchanged after IFN incubation. Additionally, there was no correlation between the level of MHC class I or class II expression and LAK susceptibility to any fresh, uncultured melanoma studied. These data suggest that LAK effectors possess different mechanisms of tumor recognition or lysis than cells with NK activity or cells briefly incubated (4-6 h) in IL-2. The ability of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to lyse the cultured autologous tumor target was markedly increased by preincubation of the targets with IFN and TNF. Finally, it appears that IL-2 treatment and the resultant endogenous production of IFN by T-lymphocytes should not adversely affect tumor susceptibility to current immunotherapy using IL-2. JF - Journal of biological response modifiers AU - Wiebke, E A AU - Custer, M C AU - Rosenberg, S A AU - Lotze, M T AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Insitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 113 EP - 126 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0732-6580, 0732-6580 KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I KW - 0 KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute -- immunology KW - Melanoma -- immunology KW - Drug Synergism KW - Neoplasms -- immunology KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- biosynthesis KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated -- immunology KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I -- immunology KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I -- biosynthesis KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79777881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.atitle=Cytokines+alter+target+cell+susceptibility+to+lysis%3A+I.+Evaluation+of+non-major+histocompatibility+complex-restricted+effectors+reveals+differential+effects+on+natural+and+lymphokine-activated+killing.&rft.au=Wiebke%2C+E+A%3BCuster%2C+M+C%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A%3BLotze%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Wiebke&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biological+response+modifiers&rft.issn=07326580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-stage models of carcinogenesis, classification of agents, and design of experiments. AN - 79773418; 2340975 AB - The implications of a clonal two-stage model of carcinogenesis on the design and analysis of 2-year in vivo tumorigenesis experiments are addressed. Using a simple classification scheme for labelling test agents as initiators, promoters, and completers, it is shown that the standard experimental design has very little ability to differentiate between these different modes of action. Even when chemicals in one class (e.g., promoters) follow a highly nonlinear dose-response relationship and chemicals in another class (e.g., initiators) follow a linear dose-response relationship, it is difficult to reject one mode of action versus the other. A simple modification of the design using age-dependent dosing schemes produces patterns of tumor incidence which are unique to the particular class, making it slightly easier to differentiate between the assumed mechanisms of action. The implications of this finding on study design are discussed. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Portier, C J AU - Edler, L AD - Statistics and Biomathematics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 444 EP - 460 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA Damage KW - Research Design KW - Models, Biological KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Carcinogens -- classification KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79773418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Two-stage+models+of+carcinogenesis%2C+classification+of+agents%2C+and+design+of+experiments.&rft.au=Portier%2C+C+J%3BEdler%2C+L&rft.aulast=Portier&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of ethidium bromide in alcohols. AN - 79773022; 2340170 JF - BioTechniques AU - Lunn, G AU - Sansone, E B AD - Program Resources, Inc., Environmental Control and Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 372 EP - 373 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0736-6205, 0736-6205 KW - Alcohols KW - 0 KW - Butanols KW - Pentanols KW - 1-Propanol KW - 96F264O9SV KW - Ethidium KW - EN464416SI KW - Index Medicus KW - Butanols -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Pentanols -- analysis KW - 1-Propanol -- analysis KW - Decontamination -- methods KW - Alcohols -- analysis KW - Ethidium -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79773022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioTechniques&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+ethidium+bromide+in+alcohols.&rft.au=Lunn%2C+G%3BSansone%2C+E+B&rft.aulast=Lunn&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Psychotropic medications and work performance. AN - 79754626; 2186167 AB - The drug classes used to treat the major psychiatric disorders--antidepressants, antimanic agents, antipanic drugs, and neuroleptics--all produce side effects that may affect work performance. An understanding of the pharmacology of psychotropic drugs will enable the clinician to recognize the most common adverse effects of these drugs on performance. For example, tertiary amine tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines may decrease alertness. The slowed visual accommodation produced by amine tricyclics or low-potency neuroleptics may adversely affect fine-motor control. Likewise, various psychotropic drugs, including neuroleptics and lithium (at toxic levels), may cause motor incoordination. However, the clinician should bear in mind that failure to provide treatment for psychiatric disorders is far more disruptive than are any side effects of such treatment. JF - Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association AU - Potter, W Z AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 355 EP - 361 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0096-1736, 0096-1736 KW - Psychotropic Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mental Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- pharmacology KW - Work KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79754626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Psychotropic+medications+and+work+performance.&rft.au=Potter%2C+W+Z&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00961736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dose, age, inhibition of metabolism and elimination on the toxicokinetics of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolites. AN - 79739490; 2329500 AB - Acute exposure to 2-butoxyethanol (BE) causes dose- and age-dependent hemolytic anemia in rats. Recently, we have shown that butoxyacetic acid (BAA) is the proximate hemolytic agent and that inhibition of alcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenases protected rats against BE-induced hemolytic anemia. In the present investigations, the kinetics of 14C-BE metabolism and clearance were studied in control adult (3-4 months old) and old (12-13 months old) male F344 rats and in adult male F344 rats treated with pyrazole, cyanamide or probenecid. Our results showed that the area under the curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic clearance (Cls) of BE were dose-dependent. In contrast, there was no effect of dose on half-life (T1/2) or volume of distribution (Vd) of BE. These results also showed that there was no age effect on T1/2, Vd or Cls of BE. However, Cmax and AUC of BE increased as a function of age. Also, analysis of variance indicated no significant interactions (P less than or equal to .05) between dose and age in relation to BE kinetics. As expected, inhibition of BE metabolism by pretreatment of rats with pyrazole or cyanamide resulted in a significant increase in the T1/2 and AUC of BE, whereas it caused a significant decrease in the Cls. Furthermore, pyrazole had no effect, whereas cyanamide had decreased Vd of BE. Analysis of the toxicokinetic parameters of BAA revealed that T1/2, AUC and Cmax of BAA were directly related to the age of the rats and the dose of BE administered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Ghanayem, B I AU - Sanders, J M AU - Clark, A M AU - Bailer, J AU - Matthews, H B AD - National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 136 EP - 143 VL - 253 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - 0 KW - Pyrazoles KW - pyrazole KW - 3QD5KJZ7ZJ KW - Cyanamide KW - 420-04-2 KW - Alcohol Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.1 KW - n-butoxyethanol KW - I0P9XEZ9WV KW - Probenecid KW - PO572Z7917 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Age Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cyanamide -- pharmacology KW - Alcohol Dehydrogenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Probenecid -- pharmacology KW - Kidney Tubules -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Ethylene Glycols -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Glycols -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79739490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dose%2C+age%2C+inhibition+of+metabolism+and+elimination+on+the+toxicokinetics+of+2-butoxyethanol+and+its+metabolites.&rft.au=Ghanayem%2C+B+I%3BSanders%2C+J+M%3BClark%2C+A+M%3BBailer%2C+J%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Ghanayem&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of buprenorphine in the treatment of opioid addiction. II. Physiologic and behavioral effects of daily and alternate-day administration and abrupt withdrawal. AN - 79734388; 2328561 AB - Nineteen heroin-dependent male volunteers were administered buprenorphine sublingually, in ascending daily doses of 2, 4, and 8 mg. They were maintained on 8 mg daily through study day 18. On study days 19 through 36, subjects in group 1 continued to receive burprenorphine daily; subjects in group 2 received buprenorphine or placebo on alternate days. On days 37 through 52, all subjects received placebo. Subjects receiving buprenorphine on alternate days reported significantly greater urge for an opioid, increased dysphoria scores, and pupillary dilation on placebo days. After abrupt termination of buprenorphine, no withdrawal signs were detected with the Himmelsbach scale. However, subjects reported mild-to-moderate opioid withdrawal symptoms, peaking at 3 to 5 and lasting for 8 to 10 days. Daily administration of buprenorphine provided greater control of subtle opioid withdrawal symptoms, but subjects could tolerate a between-dose interval of 48 hours. JF - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics AU - Fudala, P J AU - Jaffe, J H AU - Dax, E M AU - Johnson, R E AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 525 EP - 534 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0009-9236, 0009-9236 KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Miosis KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Sleep -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome KW - Buprenorphine -- therapeutic use KW - Heroin Dependence -- physiopathology KW - Heroin Dependence -- drug therapy KW - Buprenorphine -- administration & dosage KW - Buprenorphine -- adverse effects KW - Heroin Dependence -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79734388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Use+of+buprenorphine+in+the+treatment+of+opioid+addiction.+II.+Physiologic+and+behavioral+effects+of+daily+and+alternate-day+administration+and+abrupt+withdrawal.&rft.au=Fudala%2C+P+J%3BJaffe%2C+J+H%3BDax%2C+E+M%3BJohnson%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Fudala&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.issn=00099236&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogen induction of hepatocellular carcinomas in Armenian hamsters. AN - 79730146; 2328952 AB - Liver tumors were found in most Armenian hamsters (Cricetulus migratorius) injected with on 15-mg pellet of diethylstilbestrol. The tumors were detectable as early as 1 1/2 mo after diethylstilbestrol administration and were usually present as multiple nodules that progressively increased in size. Histologically, the multicentric neoplasms were all hepatocellular carcinomas of varied degrees of differentiation and frequently (42.8%) contained Mallory bodies; preneoplastic lesions were not observed. This hepatocellular carcinoma hamster model is unique because estrogen alone without any other known mutagen is responsible for induction of hepatocellular carcinoma. JF - Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) AU - Coe, J E AU - Ishak, K G AU - Ross, M J AD - National Institutes of Health, NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana 59840. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 570 EP - 577 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0270-9139, 0270-9139 KW - Diethylstilbestrol KW - 731DCA35BT KW - Bilirubin KW - RFM9X3LJ49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Cricetulus KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- pathology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Bilirubin -- blood KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cricetinae KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Diethylstilbestrol -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Diethylstilbestrol -- administration & dosage KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79730146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hepatology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Estrogen+induction+of+hepatocellular+carcinomas+in+Armenian+hamsters.&rft.au=Coe%2C+J+E%3BIshak%2C+K+G%3BRoss%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Coe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=570&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hepatology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=02709139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science aid to policy dilemmas: implications of alcohol research to policy formulation in U.S.A. AN - 79728281; 2328653 JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Gordis, E AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 183 EP - 186 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Health Policy -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Health Education -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Alcoholism -- prevention & control KW - Alcoholic Beverages -- supply & distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79728281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Science+aid+to+policy+dilemmas%3A+implications+of+alcohol+research+to+policy+formulation+in+U.S.A.&rft.au=Gordis%2C+E&rft.aulast=Gordis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in T cell-derived colony-stimulating factors associated with GVH-induced immune deficiency. AN - 79719802; 2183411 AB - Injection of parental C57BL/10 spleen cells into unirradiated immune-competent (B10 x B10.BR)F1 hosts has been demonstrated to produce a graft-vs.-host-induced immune deficiency in T cell-mediated functions, including mitogen or alloantigen stimulated proliferation or cytotoxic T cell generation. The production of T cell-derived lymphokines affecting hematopoiesis was also altered during GVH. During the first two weeks of GVH, IL-3 and particularly GM-CSF were produced spontaneously; in subsequent weeks, the spontaneous production dropped to normal or subnormal levels. CSF content in concanavalin A-stimulated splenic supernatants was reduced at weeks 1-2, and declined to less than 5% of normal levels by 3-4 weeks of GVH. This decline in CSF content was correlated with a decrease in immune function as assessed by concanavalin A-stimulated IL-2 production and by generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Concurrent with the recovery of immune function during GVH weeks 8-15, mitogen-stimulated production of CSF returned to normal levels. In addition to the decrease in CSF production identified in acute suppressive GVH, CSF content in concanavalin A-stimulated splenic supernatants was also decreased in chronic stimulatory GVH, generated in the strain combination (B6 x B6bm1)F1----(B6bm1 x B6bm12)F1. This decrease in CSF production correlated with a decrease in self-restricted T helper cell function. Finally, a decrease in both immune function and CSF production capacity was observed in the acute GVH following allogeneic (minor histocompatibility loci) bone marrow transplantation into irradiated hosts. JF - Transplantation AU - Hakim, F T AU - Pluznik, D H AU - Shearer, G M AD - Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 773 EP - 781 VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0041-1337, 0041-1337 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Interleukin-3 KW - Concanavalin A KW - 11028-71-0 KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Animals KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Interleukin-2 -- biosynthesis KW - Growth Substances -- biosynthesis KW - Mice KW - Interleukin-3 -- biosynthesis KW - Time Factors KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- immunology KW - Concanavalin A -- pharmacology KW - Graft vs Host Reaction -- immunology KW - Graft vs Host Reaction -- radiation effects KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- biosynthesis KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79719802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transplantation&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+T+cell-derived+colony-stimulating+factors+associated+with+GVH-induced+immune+deficiency.&rft.au=Hakim%2C+F+T%3BPluznik%2C+D+H%3BShearer%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Hakim&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transplantation&rft.issn=00411337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amyloidosis and female protein in the Syrian hamster. Concurrent regulation by sex hormones. AN - 79718036; 1691262 AB - Previous results have shown that when compared to male Syrian hamsters, female Syrian hamsters have a distinct predisposition to acquire amyloidosis either normally with aging or experimentally with sodium caseinate or diethylstilbestrol (DES) treatments. In the present study, we tested the influence of testosterone on expression of amyloid to determine if this hormone was solely responsible for the sex-limited amyloidosis of the Syrian hamster. Males deprived of testosterone by castration acquired amyloid at an unusually young age, an age of onset similar to that in female hamsters. Also, the amyloidogenic effect of DES in male Syrian hamsters was inhibited by concomitant injections of testosterone, indicating that estrogens induce amyloid in male hamsters by inhibiting testosterone synthesis. When administered to female hamsters, testosterone inhibited expression of amyloid in aging female Syrian hamsters and extended the life span of this gender. Of the two components of amyloid, the major component Amyloid A-derived fibril or the minor constituent, Amyloid P component, only the P component is under sex hormone control in the Syrian hamster; testosterone inhibits the hepatic synthesis of the P component homologue (called female protein), which is normally expressed 100-200-fold greater in female vs. male Syrian hamster. In general, the serum level of female protein under various experimental conditions correlated with the presence of amyloid and indicated that in the Syrian hamster the P component homologue is of primary importance in the deposition of amyloid. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Coe, J E AU - Ross, M J AD - National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana 59840. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 1257 EP - 1267 VL - 171 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Alpha-Globulins KW - 0 KW - Amyloid KW - female protein, hamster KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Diethylstilbestrol KW - 731DCA35BT KW - C-Reactive Protein KW - 9007-41-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Testosterone -- pharmacology KW - Sex Factors KW - Aging KW - Mesocricetus KW - Male KW - Female KW - Orchiectomy KW - Cricetinae KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Kidney -- growth & development KW - Amyloidosis -- chemically induced KW - Amyloidosis -- pathology KW - Spleen -- growth & development KW - Alpha-Globulins -- analysis KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Amyloidosis -- metabolism KW - Amyloid -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79718036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Amyloidosis+and+female+protein+in+the+Syrian+hamster.+Concurrent+regulation+by+sex+hormones.&rft.au=Coe%2C+J+E%3BRoss%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Coe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Beitr Pathol Anat. 1960;122:390-405 [13817590] Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1206-8 [2408337] Biochemistry. 1989 May 30;28(11):4785-90 [2765510] Lab Invest. 1987 May;56(5):544-9 [3553738] J Clin Invest. 1985 Jul;76(1):66-74 [4019787] N Engl J Med. 1980 Jun 5;302(23):1283-92 [6154243] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Aug;71(2):401-6 [6576198] J Exp Med. 1981 Apr 1;153(4):977-91 [6166709] Contemp Top Mol Immunol. 1983;9:211-38 [6191922] J Exp Med. 1983 May 1;157(5):1421-33 [6189935] J Comp Pathol. 1984 Jul;94(3):339-56 [6432863] J Exp Med. 1983 Nov 1;158(5):1600-14 [6415208] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1982;389:199-215 [6807178] Lab Invest. 1982 Aug;47(2):139-46 [7109539] Clin Exp Immunol. 1979 Nov;38(2):284-93 [118839] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):730-3 [265537] J Gerontol. 1979 Jul;34(4):502-11 [448041] J Ultrastruct Res. 1966 Mar;14(5):449-59 [4160282] Lab Anim Sci. 1971 Apr;21(2):197-202 [4325690] Z Versuchstierkd. 1974;16(1):75-84 [4824488] Am J Anat. 1972 Oct;135(2):205-19 [5079278] Br J Cancer. 1957 Mar;11(1):105-11 [13436704] Scand J Immunol. 1986 Mar;23(3):253-65 [3082001] Lancet. 1987 Oct 3;2(8562):767-9 [2443773] N Engl J Med. 1965 Jul 15;273:143-6 [14303661] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - v-myc and v-raf act synergistically to induce B-cell tumors in pristane-primed adult BALBC mice. AN - 79717770; 2183159 AB - In a variety of systems, evidence is accumulating which suggests that neoplastic transformation requires the action of two or more genes such as mutated or over-expressed proto-oncogenes. To determine whether the cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinase oncogene raf could complement a deregulated myc gene and induce tumors in adult mice, BALBC mice were primed with an intraperitoneal (ip.) injection of mineral oil (pristane) and then given an ip. injection of a retroviral construct, J1, J2 or J5, which expresses either v-raf (J1), v-myc (J5) or both (J2). The J1 virus induced no tumors in 150 days in 38 mice, except for 5 helper virus-associated T-cell lymphomas. Under identical conditions the J5 virus, which expresses only v-myc, induced exclusively monocytic neoplasms in 93% of 15 mice. The J2 virus expresses both v-myc and v-raf and caused equal numbers of monocytic and B cell tumors in 66% of 30 mice. Under these conditions, it appears that v-raf expression acts synergistically with v-myc to induce the transformation of B cells, which neither oncogene could do alone. The J3 virus, which originally contained a complete v-myc and an inactivated v-raf, can induce tumors of later stage B cells (plasmacytomas, Potter et al., 1987). Recent studies of virus recovered from these plasmacytomas (called the J3V1 virus, Troppmair et al., 1989) show that the J3 virus has undergone deletions which have reactivated v-raf in a mutated form. Only J3V1, not J3, induced tumors in vivo. Our data presented here corroborate Troppmair et al. and extend Potter et al. (1987) which reported that J3 (presumably J3V1) induced 10% myeloid tumors and 90% plasmacytomas. In light of the discovery, our J2 and J3 data indicate that in combination with the same form of v-myc, different forms of v-raf induce different spectra of tumors. JF - Oncogene AU - Kurie, J M AU - Morse, H C AU - Principato, M A AU - Wax, J S AU - Troppmair, J AU - Rapp, U R AU - Potter, M AU - Mushinski, J F AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 577 EP - 582 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Oncogene Protein p55(v-myc) KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic KW - Terpenes KW - pristane KW - 26HZV48DT1 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Oncogene Proteins v-raf KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Gene Rearrangement KW - Mice KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- isolation & purification KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- genetics KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- isolation & purification KW - Blotting, Southern KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - B-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- genetics KW - Oncogenes KW - Lymphoma -- genetics KW - Lymphoma -- chemically induced KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Lymphoma -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79717770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=v-myc+and+v-raf+act+synergistically+to+induce+B-cell+tumors+in+pristane-primed+adult+BALBC+mice.&rft.au=Kurie%2C+J+M%3BMorse%2C+H+C%3BPrincipato%2C+M+A%3BWax%2C+J+S%3BTroppmair%2C+J%3BRapp%2C+U+R%3BPotter%2C+M%3BMushinski%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Kurie&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction of v-abl oncogene induces monocytic differentiation of an IL-3-dependent myeloid progenitor cell line. AN - 79716332; 2158039 AB - There are a variety of murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines which are differentiation arrested, but still require growth factors such as interleukin-3 for their continued growth and survival. While oncogenes such as v-myc and v-abl have been demonstrated to abrogate the requirement for exogenous growth factors, none have been shown to have an effect on the differentiation of these cell lines. In this report, we demonstrate that the introduction and expression of Abelson murine leukemia virus into a myeloblast progenitor cell line can promote further differentiation along the monocytic lineage. There is a marked alteration in cell morphology, the acquisition of Mac-1 antigen expression, the induction of nonspecific esterase expression and the induced ability to phagocytize opsonized zymosan. Thus, the expression of Abelson murine leukemia virus protein in interleukin-3-dependent hematopoietic progenitors can provide differentiation-inducing signals in cells which are arrested in differentiation. The potential role of Abelson murine leukemia virus gene products in normal hematopoietic cell differentiation and in transformation is discussed. JF - Oncogene AU - Keller, J R AU - Ruscetti, S K AU - Ruscetti, F W AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Development Program, Program Resources, Inc., NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 549 EP - 555 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - Interleukin-3 KW - 0 KW - Oncogene Proteins v-abl KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Southern KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Division KW - Abelson murine leukemia virus -- genetics KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- genetics KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- genetics KW - Oncogenes KW - Interleukin-3 -- pharmacology KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79716332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=Introduction+of+v-abl+oncogene+induces+monocytic+differentiation+of+an+IL-3-dependent+myeloid+progenitor+cell+line.&rft.au=Keller%2C+J+R%3BRuscetti%2C+S+K%3BRuscetti%2C+F+W&rft.aulast=Keller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biased accumulation of T lymphocytes with "memory"-type CD45 leukocyte common antigen gene expression on the epithelial surface of the human lung. AN - 79714928; 2139099 AB - Expression of alternatively spliced products of the CD45 leukocyte common antigen gene identifies two populations of blood T cells: "naive" T cells (containing CD45R-IV mRNA transcripts, CD45 220, 205 kD surface proteins detected with antibody 2H4) that respond poorly to recall antigens, and "memory" T cells (containing CD45R-0 mRNA transcripts, expressing CD45 180 kD protein, detected with antibody UCHL1) that respond promptly to recall antigens. While blood contains approximately equal numbers of "naive" and "memory" T cells, it is known that UCHL1+ "memory" T cells accumulate at sites of chronic inflammation. To test the concept that "memory" T cells are a feature of the T lymphocyte populations present in tissues chronically exposed to antigens in normals as well as in individuals with chronic inflammation, we evaluated T lymphocytes obtained from blood and the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract of normal individuals for the expression of specific CD45 surface protein isoforms and corresponding mRNA transcripts. Flow cytometric analysis of CD45 220, 205, and 180 kD surface proteins demonstrated that lung T cells of normals are dominated by UCHL1+ "memory" cells (86 +/- 2%) while autologous blood T cells have equal proportions of "memory" UCHL1+ and "naive" 2H4+ T cells. In addition, polymerase chain reaction analysis of CD45 mRNA transcripts revealed that the lung cells expressed CD45R-0 mRNA transcripts but 17-fold fewer CD45R-IV mRNA transcripts than autologous blood T cells (p less than 0.01). The pattern of lung T cells being dominated by CD45R-0 mRNA+, UCHL1+ "memory" T cells was also observed in individuals with chronic beryllium disease, an example of a chronic inflammatory disease in which antigen-specific T cells accumulate on the pulmonary epithelial surface. Like the normals, the lung T cells of the beryllium disease patients were dominated by CD45R-0 mRNA transcript+, UCHL1+, T cells. However, on a quantitative basis, the beryllium patients contained far greater numbers of T cells, i.e., the T cell populations on the surface of the normal and inflamed lung are similar in character ("memory" T cells) but differ in numbers (there are far more in the chronic inflammatory state). Thus, T cell populations on the epithelial surface of the normal lung likely reflect the chronic exposure to a diverse set of antigens, with a pattern that is qualitatively similar to that observed among T cells accumulating in response to a single antigen. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Saltini, C AU - Kirby, M AU - Trapnell, B C AU - Tamura, N AU - Crystal, R G AD - Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 1123 EP - 1140 VL - 171 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Antigens, CD KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Differentiation KW - Histocompatibility Antigens KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Antigens, CD45 KW - EC 3.1.3.48 KW - Index Medicus KW - Berylliosis -- immunology KW - Reference Values KW - Exons KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Adult KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Epithelium -- immunology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Berylliosis -- genetics KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Lung -- immunology KW - Antigens, CD -- analysis KW - Gene Expression KW - Antigens, Differentiation -- genetics KW - Histocompatibility Antigens -- genetics KW - Antigens, CD -- genetics KW - Major Histocompatibility Complex KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79714928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Biased+accumulation+of+T+lymphocytes+with+%22memory%22-type+CD45+leukocyte+common+antigen+gene+expression+on+the+epithelial+surface+of+the+human+lung.&rft.au=Saltini%2C+C%3BKirby%2C+M%3BTrapnell%2C+B+C%3BTamura%2C+N%3BCrystal%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Saltini&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1350-4 [2999980] Am J Physiol. 1989 Feb;256(2 Pt 1):C336-40 [2493195] J Exp Med. 1986 May 1;163(5):1337-42 [2939172] Immunology. 1986 May;58(1):63-70 [2423439] J Clin Invest. 1986 Jun;77(6):1952-61 [3486887] J Clin Invest. 1986 Jun;77(6):1962-70 [3486888] Tubercle. 1986 Jun;67(2):133-40 [3775862] J Immunol. 1986 Dec 1;137(11):3475-83 [3491139] J Immunol. 1987 May 15;138(10):3120-9 [3106474] Immunol Lett. 1987 Apr;14(4):263-7 [2953677] Annu Rev Immunol. 1987;5:223-52 [3109455] EMBO J. 1987 May;6(5):1251-7 [2956090] EMBO J. 1987 May;6(5):1259-64 [2440674] J Exp Med. 1987 Nov 1;166(5):1548-66 [2824653] J Exp Med. 1987 Nov 1;166(5):1567-72 [2445891] Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1988 Feb;46(2):221-33 [3257425] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Feb;137(2):464-73 [3277503] Arthritis Rheum. 1988 Jan;31(1):52-9 [2964240] J Immunol. 1988 Mar 1;140(5):1401-7 [2894392] J Immunol. 1988 Mar 1;140(5):1435-41 [2964476] J Immunol. 1988 Mar 15;140(6):1854-60 [2964485] Immunol Rev. 1988 Jan;101:5-19 [3280471] J Immunol. 1988 Apr 1;140(7):2171-8 [2965180] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2603-7 [3128790] Ann Intern Med. 1988 May;108(5):687-93 [3282464] Am J Med. 1988 May;84(5):817-25 [2966579] J Immunol. 1988 Jun 1;140(11):3851-7 [2453558] Immunology. 1988 Jun;64(2):331-6 [2455685] DNA. 1988 May;7(4):297-306 [2840250] Nature. 1988 Aug 4;334(6181):395-402 [3043226] Scand J Immunol. 1988 Aug;28(2):225-32 [2970668] Eur J Immunol. 1988 Sep;18(9):1397-404 [2458942] Immunol Lett. 1988 Jul;18(3):219-23 [2459054] J Immunol. 1988 Oct 15;141(8):2781-7 [2971730] J Immunol. 1988 Nov 15;141(10):3249-57 [2972769] J Exp Med. 1989 Apr 1;169(4):1421-34 [2784486] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 11;17(5):2141 [2928127] J Infect Dis. 1973 Dec;128(6):730-5 [4203077] N Engl J Med. 1983 Apr 7;308(14):793-800 [6601235] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Oct;130(4):650-8 [6385789] J Immunol. 1985 Mar;134(3):1508-15 [3155770] J Clin Invest. 1985 Jul;76(1):60-5 [3926821] Cell Immunol. 1985 Sep;94(2):360-8 [3161622] Cell Immunol. 1985 Oct 15;95(2):234-46 [3876158] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Oct 25;13(20):7207-21 [4059056] Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1277-80 [4071052] N Engl J Med. 1989 Apr 27;320(17):1103-9 [2469014] Immunology. 1989 Apr;66(4):517-25 [2523860] J Exp Med. 1989 May 1;169(5):1565-81 [2523952] EMBO J. 1989 Mar;8(3):787-96 [2524382] Cell. 1989 Jun 16;57(6):895-8 [2525421] Eur J Immunol. 1989 May;19(5):803-8 [2567673] Crit Rev Immunol. 1989;9(2):119-50 [2663024] Immunol Today. 1988 Oct;9(10):320-6 [2978372] Immunol Today. 1988 Jul-Aug;9(7-8):195-9 [2978373] J Immunol. 1988 Dec 1;141(11):3910-4 [2972780] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Sep;138(3):659-65 [3202418] Eur J Immunol. 1988 Nov;18(11):1653-61 [2974420] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Feb;60(2):532-8 [3512509] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of resiniferatoxin pretreatment on the inflammatory response to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate in mouse strains with different susceptibilities to phorbol ester tumor promotion. AN - 79710378; 2322999 AB - All tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce inflammation in mouse skin. The correlation between promoting and inflammatory activities is only partial, however, indicating that only some events in inflammation may be closely coupled to the process of tumor promotion. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), an extremely inflammatory phorbol-related diterpene, acts as an ultrapotent analog of capsaicin to stimulate and then to block the neurogenic inflammatory pathway. In CD-1 mice, we have used pretreatment with RTX to show that the erythema and edema responses to phorbol and 12-deoxyphorbol esters in significant part involve this neurogenic inflammatory pathway. We report here that mouse strains with differing sensitivities to phorbol-ester-induced promotion displayed marked differences in the effect of pretreating with RTX on the edema response following phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) application. In the highly promotion-sensitive SENCAR mouse, RTX pretreatment had little inhibitory effect; the edema response to PMA was similar with or without RTX pretreatment 6 h before PMA application. On the other hand, in C57BL/6J mice, which are resistant to promotion by phorbol esters under the usual protocols, the edema response to PMA was totally eliminated by RTX pretreatment during the first 8 h after PMA administration. DBA/2J mice, which are similar to CD-1 mice in their susceptibility to PMA promotion, responded similarly to CD-1: the edema response was blocked partially by RTX pretreatment during the early phase (up to 8 h) of inflammation. Our results suggest that the RTX-resistant component of PMA-induced edema may correlate better with the sensitivity to promoting action than does the overall inflammatory response. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Szallasi, A AU - Blumberg, P M AD - Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Promotion Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 583 EP - 587 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Diterpenes KW - resiniferatoxin KW - A5O6P1UL4I KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Edema -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Diterpenes -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79710378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Effect+of+resiniferatoxin+pretreatment+on+the+inflammatory+response+to+phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate+in+mouse+strains+with+different+susceptibilities+to+phorbol+ester+tumor+promotion.&rft.au=Szallasi%2C+A%3BBlumberg%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Szallasi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initiation by nickel acetate and promotion by sodium barbital of renal cortical epithelial tumors in male F344 rats. AN - 79708627; 2323003 AB - Soluble nickel(II) ion, given to male F344/NCr rats as a single i.p. injection of nickel(II) acetate tetrahydrate at a dose of 90 mumols/kg body weight at 5 weeks of age, proved an effective initiator of renal cortical epithelial tumors. The tumors were revealed by subsequent dosing with the known renal tumor promoter, sodium barbital (5,5-diethylbarbituric acid, sodium salt) dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 500 p.p.m. Only one rat given the nickel injection without subsequent promotion developed a single renal cortical adenoma, while multiple tumors were common in nickel(II) initiated/sodium barbital promoted rats. Renal cortical adenocarcinomas, some of them metastatic to lung, liver, and spleen, occurred only in initiated/promoted rats. No excess incidence of nickel-initiated tumors was found in any other tissues in which sodium barbital is known to promote carcinogenesis, such as liver or thyroid. A single i.p. injection of the Ni(II) salt, 95 mumols/kg, appeared to be associated with an increased concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA extracted from kidneys of rats 16-48 h after injection. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Kasprzak, K S AU - Diwan, B A AU - Konishi, N AU - Misra, M AU - Rice, J M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 647 EP - 652 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Barbiturates KW - Carcinogens KW - Acetic Acid KW - Q40Q9N063P KW - barbituric acid KW - WQ92Y2793G KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Kidney Cortex -- drug effects KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Kidney Cortex -- pathology KW - Barbiturates -- toxicity KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79708627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Initiation+by+nickel+acetate+and+promotion+by+sodium+barbital+of+renal+cortical+epithelial+tumors+in+male+F344+rats.&rft.au=Kasprzak%2C+K+S%3BDiwan%2C+B+A%3BKonishi%2C+N%3BMisra%2C+M%3BRice%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Kasprzak&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning and cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin releasing hormone and corticotropin levels in alcoholics after recent and long-term abstinence. AN - 79703229; 2157379 AB - We assessed the plasma corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol responses to ovine corticotropin releasing hormone (oCRH) and the cerebrospinal fluid levels of CRH and corticotropin in alcoholics at various durations of abstinence and compared these variables with age-equivalent controls. Alcoholics who were tested at 1 week of abstinence (n = 11) demonstrated a significantly attenuated corticotropin response to oCRH compared with their response at 3 weeks of abstinence. Nine of these alcoholic patients demonstrated a significantly blunted corticotropin response at both 1 and 3 weeks of abstinence compared with controls (n = 15). A markedly exaggerated corticotropin response to oCRH, associated with tachycardia, was exhibited by 2 alcoholics at both 1 and 3 weeks of abstinence. Alcoholics who were abstinent greater than 3 weeks did not differ in their response to oCRH compared with controls. Controls demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between baseline cortisol levels and the cortisol response to oCRH. This correlation was not evident in any of the alcoholic groups, including those patients who were abstinent greater than 6 months. There was a positive correlation between cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of CRH and corticotropin in all patient groups. These findings indicated that alcoholics have significantly altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning up to 3 weeks following the cessation of drinking, with a more subtle impairment present for greater than 6 months following abstinence. JF - Archives of general psychiatry AU - Adinoff, B AU - Martin, P R AU - Bone, G H AU - Eckardt, M J AU - Roehrich, L AU - George, D T AU - Moss, H B AU - Eskay, R AU - Linnoila, M AU - Gold, P W AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 325 EP - 330 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone KW - 9002-60-2 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Hydrocortisone -- blood KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Temperance KW - Alcoholism -- blood KW - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79703229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal+axis+functioning+and+cerebrospinal+fluid+corticotropin+releasing+hormone+and+corticotropin+levels+in+alcoholics+after+recent+and+long-term+abstinence.&rft.au=Adinoff%2C+B%3BMartin%2C+P+R%3BBone%2C+G+H%3BEckardt%2C+M+J%3BRoehrich%2C+L%3BGeorge%2C+D+T%3BMoss%2C+H+B%3BEskay%2C+R%3BLinnoila%2C+M%3BGold%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Adinoff&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+general+psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interleukin 1 induces early protein phosphorylation and requires only a short exposure for late induced secretion of beta-endorphin in a mouse pituitary cell line. AN - 79696554; 2157204 AB - Previous work has shown that prolonged pretreatment of a mouse anterior pituitary cell line, AtT-20 cells, with the cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) stimulates beta-endorphin release and potentiates the secretion induced by many secretagogues. Desensitization of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreatment with phorbol ester [phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (TPA)] for 8 hr abolished the secretion induced by TPA as well as the enhancement of TPA-induced beta-endorphin release produced by IL-1. Desensitization of PKC only partly abolished the potentiating effects of IL-1 on corticotropin-releasing factor-induced beta-endorphin secretion. In contrast, IL-1-induced beta-endorphin release was independent of PKC. We observed that treatment of AtT-20 cells with IL-1 markedly phosphorylated 19-, 20-, and 60-kDa proteins within minutes, presumably by early activation of protein kinases. Prolonged treatment with TPA, which was shown to desensitize an 87-kDa protein (a substrate for PKC), had no effect on IL-1-induced phosphorylation of 20-, 60-, and 87-kDa proteins, indicating that the phosphorylation of these proteins does not involve PKC. IL-1 does not generate cAMP in AtT-20 cells, suggesting that a cAMP-dependent protein kinase is also not involved. Prolonged treatment with IL-1 abolishes the capacity of cytokine to induce the phosphorylation of 20- and 60-kDa proteins. The presence of IL-1 was required initially only for a short time to induce late secretion in AtT-20 cells. These observations indicate that once IL-1 generates an early signal, its presence is no longer necessary for the subsequent secretion of beta-endorphin. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Făgărăşan, M O AU - Bishop, J F AU - Rinaudo, M S AU - Axelrod, J AD - Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 2555 EP - 2559 VL - 87 IS - 7 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Phosphates KW - Phosphoproteins KW - beta-Endorphin KW - 60617-12-1 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Pituitary Gland, Anterior KW - Kinetics KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Pituitary Neoplasms KW - Phosphoproteins -- isolation & purification KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Molecular Weight KW - Cell Line KW - beta-Endorphin -- biosynthesis KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - beta-Endorphin -- secretion KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79696554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Interleukin+1+induces+early+protein+phosphorylation+and+requires+only+a+short+exposure+for+late+induced+secretion+of+beta-endorphin+in+a+mouse+pituitary+cell+line.&rft.au=F%C4%83g%C4%83r%C4%83%C5%9Fan%2C+M+O%3BBishop%2C+J+F%3BRinaudo%2C+M+S%3BAxelrod%2C+J&rft.aulast=F%C4%83g%C4%83r%C4%83%C5%9Fan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):452-9 [6143403] Science. 1989 Oct 13;246(4927):249-51 [2799385] Endocrinology. 1986 Sep;119(3):1229-38 [2426097] J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 25;262(6):2719-28 [3029093] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1987 Jul;52(1-2):17-26 [2957257] J Immunol. 1987 Nov 15;139(10):3367-74 [2960734] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8201-5 [2847154] J Clin Invest. 1989 Feb;83(2):718-23 [2783592] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(5):1657-61 [2493647] Eur J Biochem. 1989 Mar 15;180(2):343-50 [2784384] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):2070-3 [2538829] Crit Rev Immunol. 1989;9(1):1-20 [2523282] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 25;264(21):12134-7 [2745432] J Endocrinol. 1989 Jul;122(1):33-9 [2549151] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1985 Jul;179(3):338-47 [3159023] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution metrical analysis applied to the assessment of damage associated with induced mutations in the mouse. AN - 79693758; 2320027 AB - Morphometric methods were used to investigate variation in the skeletons of 1030 offspring produced from matings of male DBA/2J by female C57BL/6J mice. 751 offspring originated from males that had received a single intraperitoneal injection of ethyl nitrosourea (EtNU) at a dose of 250 mg/kg. The remainder of the mice served as controls. The male parents of the controls were injected only with the buffer used as vehicle for the EtNU. Offspring were obtained for 3 weeks following injection. The treated males were then sterile for about 8 weeks. Immediately after the sterile period another sample of progeny was obtained. In the treated group, litter sizes at birth and weaning were reduced and survival to adulthood was lower. However, none of the differences were statistically significant. The skeletons were evaluated by two independent approaches. The first relied upon gross observation for unusual phenotypic variation, the second on a series of metrical measurement and coordinate data. A considerable amount of variation was recorded by both approaches. Some of the variants were severe but others were mild and perhaps of little or no importance to the health of the mice. The gross observation method produced no evidence for increased mild or severe variants in any group of offspring from the treated mice. The metrical methods also showed no evidence for treatment-related effects in offspring produced during the first 3 weeks of mating. However, in offspring produced after the sterile period, a pronounced, very highly statistically significant increase in all levels of metrical variation was observed. This treatment group revealed both increased variant measures and increased numbers of mice with variant measures. Much of this variation was so slight that it would have escaped notice were it not for the exacting measurements used in the analysis. Our morphometric approach is an analytically powerful tool, suitable for detecting variation in virtually any biological structure that can be measured. If the increased variation reported here is due to induced mutations, the effects would be consistent with that expected from slightly harmful mutations distributed throughout the mouse genome. It is appropriate to consider such effect in connection with genetic risk estimation. JF - Mutation research AU - Johnson, F M AU - Lovell, D P AU - Snell, M L AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 144 EP - 159 VL - 229 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biometry -- methods KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Litter Size KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Bone and Bones -- abnormalities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79693758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=High+resolution+metrical+analysis+applied+to+the+assessment+of+damage+associated+with+induced+mutations+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+F+M%3BLovell%2C+D+P%3BSnell%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=229&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A role for cytokines in antigen presentation: IL-1 and IL-4 induce accessory functions of antigen-presenting cells. AN - 79691721; 2108207 AB - Fixation of APC with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)carbodiimide (ECDI) eliminates their ability to stimulate proliferation of alloreactive T cells or the D10 T cell clone, although a partial response, IL-4 production, was measured. However, if APC were activated before fixation, they could be ECDI-fixed and retain the ability to induce T cell proliferation. IL-1, IL-4 or LPS were capable of activating APC in this way, whereas IFN-gamma was not. This activation step occurred in 6 h, required protein synthesis, and was distinct from increases in Ia or IL-1. This suggests resting APC lack structures that are essential for inducing T cell proliferation. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Aiello, F B AU - Longo, D L AU - Overton, R AU - Takacs, L AU - Durum, S K AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 2572 EP - 2581 VL - 144 IS - 7 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Biological Factors KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Fixatives KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Interleukin-4 KW - 207137-56-2 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- immunology KW - Immune Tolerance KW - Lymphocyte Cooperation KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - Biological Factors -- physiology KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- physiology KW - Interleukin-4 -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79691721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=A+role+for+cytokines+in+antigen+presentation%3A+IL-1+and+IL-4+induce+accessory+functions+of+antigen-presenting+cells.&rft.au=Aiello%2C+F+B%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BOverton%2C+R%3BTakacs%2C+L%3BDurum%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Aiello&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenic activation of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline by complementary DNA-expressed human liver P-450. AN - 79690905; 2180561 AB - Eight forms of human liver microsomal P-450 were individually expressed in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells with a vaccinia virus cDNA expression system. Using the Ames test, each expressed P-450 was examined for its ability to activate to mutagenic products the compounds, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, respectively. Three forms of human P-450 significantly activated 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline when the latter was at high substrate concentrations, but only a single form, P-450IA2, showed very high activation of all promutagens at lower substrate concentrations. Human IA2 had extraordinarily high affinity towards four promutagens tested and is likely the predominant P-450 enzyme responsible for their mutagenic activation in human liver. JF - Cancer research AU - Aoyama, T AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 2060 EP - 2063 VL - 50 IS - 7 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Quinolines KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline KW - 30GL3D3T0G KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Vaccinia virus KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Biotransformation KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Immunologic Techniques KW - Quinolines -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79690905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenic+activation+of+2-amino-3-methylimidazo%5B4%2C5-f%5Dquinoline+by+complementary+DNA-expressed+human+liver+P-450.&rft.au=Aoyama%2C+T%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Aoyama&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2060&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 in transformed human cells. AN - 79690253; 2317791 AB - The relation between cellular phenotype and expression of chromosomal high mobility group proteins 14 and 17 (HMG-14 and HMG-17) has been examined in human cell lineages. Quantitation of HMG-14 and HMG-17 mRNA in several human cell lines revealed differences in both the steady state mRNA level and in the ratio of HMG-14 to HMG-17 mRNA. Analysis of phenotypically distinct derivatives of human bronchial epithelial cells revealed small differences between both the steady state mRNA levels and the relative amount of these proteins among the clonal variants. The effect of myeloid differentiation on the mRNA level of HMG-14 and HMG-17 was examined in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 following treatment with several granulocytic and monocytic differentiating agents. The ratio of HMG-17 mRNA to either HMG-14 or histone H4 mRNA varied among the cell phenotypes suggesting that phenotype switching may result in detectable alterations in the expression of the HMG-14 and HMG-17 genes. The data suggest that, although the ratio of HMG-14 to HMG-17 mRNA varies among human cell lines, these variations are relatively small. JF - Cancer research AU - Crippa, M P AU - Pash, J M AU - Gerwin, B I AU - Smithgall, T E AU - Glazer, R I AU - Bustin, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 2022 EP - 2026 VL - 50 IS - 7 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - High Mobility Group Proteins KW - 0 KW - Histones KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Index Medicus KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- physiology KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Epithelium -- physiology KW - Gene Expression KW - Granulocytes -- physiology KW - Cell Differentiation KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Bronchi -- physiology KW - Histones -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79690253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+chromosomal+proteins+HMG-14+and+HMG-17+in+transformed+human+cells.&rft.au=Crippa%2C+M+P%3BPash%2C+J+M%3BGerwin%2C+B+I%3BSmithgall%2C+T+E%3BGlazer%2C+R+I%3BBustin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Crippa&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2022&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phorbol ester and dioctanoylglycerol stimulate membrane association of protein kinase C and have a negative inotropic effect mediated by changes in cytosolic Ca2+ in adult rat cardiac myocytes. AN - 79688288; 2317891 AB - We used left ventricular myocytes from adult rats to investigate the effect of 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and of sn-1,2-dioctanoylglycerol (DiC-8) on the membrane association of protein kinase C (PKC), cytosolic [Ca2+], (Cai) homeostasis, and the contractile properties of single cardiac cells. Because PKC activity is known to be highly Ca2+ sensitive, the K+ concentration of the bathing medium was raised from 5 to 30 mM in some experiments, a perturbation known to depolarize the cell and increase Cai. In cell suspensions both PMA (3 x 10(-10) and 3 x 10(-7) M) and DiC-8 (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) increased membrane association of PKC. The effect of PMA (10(-7) M) on PKC translocation was enhanced in 30 mM KCl compared with 5 mM KCl. During steady field stimulation at 1 Hz in 1 mM bathing [Ca2+], both PMA (10(-7) M) and DiC-8 (10(-5) M) decreased twitch amplitude to approximately 60% of control in 5 mM KCl, and the negative inotropic effect of either drug was more pronounced in 30 mM KCl than in 5 mM KCl. In single cardiac myocytes loaded with the Ca2+ indicator indo-1 and bathed in 5 mM KCl, we simultaneously measured cell length and Cai. The myofilament responsiveness to Ca2+ was assessed by the relation between contraction amplitude and the peak of the Cai transient. The negative inotropic effect of both PMA and DiC-8 was related to a diminished amplitude of the Cai transient and not to a decreased myofilament responsiveness to Ca2+. In the absence of electrical stimulation, PMA (10(-7) M) and DiC-8 (10(-5) M) decreased the frequency of contractile waves due to spontaneous Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and DiC-8 also decreased resting Cai. Thus, activation of PKC, which is thought to occur as part of the response of cardiac muscle to alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation, is associated with a negative inotropic action due to a smaller Cai transient rather than to a decrease in the myofilament responsiveness to Ca2+. These effects on the membrane association of PKC and on contractility are enhanced by cell depolarization achieved by raising [KCl] in the bathing medium. JF - Circulation research AU - Capogrossi, M C AU - Kaku, T AU - Filburn, C R AU - Pelto, D J AU - Hansford, R G AU - Spurgeon, H A AU - Lakatta, E G AD - Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 1143 EP - 1155 VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0009-7330, 0009-7330 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Glycerides KW - 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol KW - 1069-87-0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Biological Transport KW - Male KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Diglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Myocardium -- ultrastructure KW - Myocardial Contraction -- drug effects KW - Myocardium -- metabolism KW - Glycerides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79688288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Circulation+research&rft.atitle=Phorbol+ester+and+dioctanoylglycerol+stimulate+membrane+association+of+protein+kinase+C+and+have+a+negative+inotropic+effect+mediated+by+changes+in+cytosolic+Ca2%2B+in+adult+rat+cardiac+myocytes.&rft.au=Capogrossi%2C+M+C%3BKaku%2C+T%3BFilburn%2C+C+R%3BPelto%2C+D+J%3BHansford%2C+R+G%3BSpurgeon%2C+H+A%3BLakatta%2C+E+G&rft.aulast=Capogrossi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Circulation+research&rft.issn=00097330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for laboratory exposures to biohazardous agents found in blood. AN - 79681502; 2316762 AB - The magnitude of risk for occupational exposures to biohazardous agents found in blood was assessed by 800 environmental samples taken from a total of 10 clinical and research laboratories at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Thirty-one samples from 11 work stations in three laboratories contained hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Observations of workers indicated that environmental contamination arose from several sources. Among the 11 work stations with HBsAg environmental samples, eight had high work loads, seven had inappropriate behaviors, and nine had flawed laboratory techniques. This information suggests that a multifactorial approach is needed to minimize the risk of laboratory-associated infections. JF - American journal of public health AU - Evans, M R AU - Henderson, D K AU - Bennett, J E AD - Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 423 EP - 427 VL - 80 IS - 4 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Risk KW - Medical Laboratory Science -- standards KW - Laboratories KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens -- isolation & purification KW - Blood KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Laboratory Infection -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79681502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Potential+for+laboratory+exposures+to+biohazardous+agents+found+in+blood.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+R%3BHenderson%2C+D+K%3BBennett%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Clin Pathol. 1980 Nov;33(11):1017-20 [7440751] J Clin Pathol. 1981 Apr;34(4):408-11 [7240429] Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Jan;115(1):26-39 [7055128] N Z Med J. 1982 Feb 10;95(701):69-71 [6952108] Ann Intern Med. 1971 Jul;75(1):35-40 [5091565] Lancet. 1973 Dec 22;2(7843):1455 [4128776] J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):210-2 [4810942] J Infect Dis. 1979 Oct;140(4):513-6 [512414] J Clin Pathol. 1980 Jun;33(6):566-70 [7400361] J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Apr;21(4):486-9 [3157700] Ann Intern Med. 1986 May;104(5):644-7 [3963663] JAMA. 1987 Dec 18;258(23):3395-7 [3682137] Erratum In: Am J Public Health 1990 Jun;80(6):658 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of hairy cell leukemia with alternating cycles of pentostatin and recombinant leukocyte A interferon: results of a phase II study. AN - 79680079; 2313337 AB - Fifteen patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were treated with deoxycoformycin (pentostatin; dCF) (4 mg/m2 intravenous [IV] every week x 3) and recombinant interferon-alpha 2a (rIFN-alpha 2a) (3 x 10(6) units subcutaneously [SC] daily x 4 weeks) in alternating months for a total of 14 months. Eleven patients had undergone splenectomy; four had received prior systemic therapy with chlorambucil and/or steroids. All 15 are evaluable for toxicity and peripheral blood response, while 14 are assessable for bone marrow response. Toxicity was tolerable with grade 3 or 4 nausea and vomiting in three patients, neutropenic fevers in five, transient but significant depression in eight, and localized cutaneous herpes zoster in four. Circulating hairy cells were undetectable by the end of the first month in 10 of 13 patients, and by the end of the second month in the other three. Fourteen patients had bilateral bone marrow biopsies performed at baseline after 6 months of treatment, at the end of treatment (14 months), and at 6-month intervals during follow-up. Before treatment, all patients had hypercellular marrows with hairy cels replacing normal marrow elements; all showed at least a 95% clearing of their hairy cell infiltrate by 6 months of therapy. However, small collections of residual hairy cells could be detected intermittently on at least one side of bilateral samples in all patients. All patients have completed treatment with a median duration of follow-up off therapy of 27 months (range, 15 to 31 months). To date, all peripheral counts and serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2R) levels remain stable, and no patient has had progression of the hairy cell infiltrate in the bone marrow. Although no patient achieved a pathologic complete response, alternating monthly cycles of dCF and rIFN-alpha 2a produced durable partial remissions (PRs) in all patients. Continued follow-up is required to determine the length of such remissions. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Martin, A AU - Nerenstone, S AU - Urba, W J AU - Longo, D L AU - Lawrence, J B AU - Clark, J W AU - Hawkins, M J AU - Creekmore, S P AU - Smith, J W AU - Steis, R G AD - Biological Response Modifiers Program and Program Resources, Inc, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 721 EP - 730 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interferon-alpha KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Pentostatin KW - 395575MZO7 KW - interferon alfa-2a KW - 47RRR83SK7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Bone Marrow -- pathology KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Pentostatin -- administration & dosage KW - Interferon-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Male KW - Female KW - Leukemia, Hairy Cell -- pathology KW - Leukemia, Hairy Cell -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79680079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+hairy+cell+leukemia+with+alternating+cycles+of+pentostatin+and+recombinant+leukocyte+A+interferon%3A+results+of+a+phase+II+study.&rft.au=Martin%2C+A%3BNerenstone%2C+S%3BUrba%2C+W+J%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BLawrence%2C+J+B%3BClark%2C+J+W%3BHawkins%2C+M+J%3BCreekmore%2C+S+P%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BSteis%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor mediates arachidonic acid release in spinal cord neurons independent of inositol phospholipid turnover. AN - 79669901; 2156016 AB - The alpha 1-adrenergic receptor has been shown to mediate the release of arachidonic acid in FRTL5 thyroid cells and MDCK kidney cells. In primary cultures of spinal cord cells, norepinephrine stimulated release of arachidonic acid (from neurons only) and turnover of inositol phospholipids (from neurons and glia) via alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. These two responses were dissociated by treatment with phorbol ester and pertussis toxin, which inhibited production of inositol phosphates with no appreciable effect on release of arachidonic acid. Extracellular calcium was required for release of arachidonic acid, but not for production of inositol phosphates. The calcium channel blockers nifedipine and verapamil inhibited release of arachidonic acid only. However, 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB-8), a compound that blocks intracellular calcium release, diminished production of inositol phosphates, but had little effect on release of arachidonic acid. These results suggest that alpha 1-adrenergic receptors couple to release of arachidonic acid in primary cultures of spinal cord cells by a mechanism independent of activation of phospholipase C, possibly via the activation of phospholipase A2. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Kanterman, R Y AU - Felder, C C AU - Brenneman, D E AU - Ma, A L AU - Fitzgerald, S AU - Axelrod, J AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute-National Institutes of Health Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - April 1990 SP - 1225 EP - 1232 VL - 54 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Extracellular Space -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Arachidonic Acids -- biosynthesis KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Spinal Cord -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- metabolism KW - Arachidonic Acids -- metabolism KW - Spinal Cord -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79669901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Alpha+1-adrenergic+receptor+mediates+arachidonic+acid+release+in+spinal+cord+neurons+independent+of+inositol+phospholipid+turnover.&rft.au=Kanterman%2C+R+Y%3BFelder%2C+C+C%3BBrenneman%2C+D+E%3BMa%2C+A+L%3BFitzgerald%2C+S%3BAxelrod%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kanterman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concepts in cancer chemoprevention research. AN - 79667846; 2178765 AB - Cancer prevention through the use of chemical intervention regimens (chemoprevention) is an emerging field with broad potential for impacting on cancer incidence rates in defined high-risk groups and the general population. Information from cancer epidemiologic studies coupled with that from basic research on cancer biology have combined to reveal several categories of agents with potential for clinical application, including natural and synthetic tumor suppressive retinoids and antioxidants. Chemopreventive agents may inhibit the development of cancer by limiting exposure to initiators or promoters through stimulation of inactivation or excretion mechanisms. Biological consequences of exposure to carcinogens may also be interfered with, e.g., by inhibiting the activation of proto-oncogenes or by antagonizing the effects of oncogene expression. Hundreds of compounds with chemopreventive efficacy in vitro have been isolated from foods and plant products. The testing and development of candidate chemopreventives proceeds through a series of preclinical efficacy screens, followed by controlled clinical trials. JF - Cancer AU - Greenwald, P AU - Nixon, D W AU - Malone, W F AU - Kelloff, G J AU - Stern, H R AU - Witkin, K M AD - Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/04/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Apr 01 SP - 1483 EP - 1490 VL - 65 IS - 7 SN - 0008-543X, 0008-543X KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Animals KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Diet KW - Research Design KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79667846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer&rft.atitle=Concepts+in+cancer+chemoprevention+research.&rft.au=Greenwald%2C+P%3BNixon%2C+D+W%3BMalone%2C+W+F%3BKelloff%2C+G+J%3BStern%2C+H+R%3BWitkin%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Greenwald&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer&rft.issn=0008543X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Haloperidol on Thought Disorder and IQ in Schizophrenia AN - 61241998; 91X5476 AB - A study of the responsiveness of patients with schizophrenia to pharmacological treatment, as measured by the longitudinal effects of the drug Haloperidol on IQ & formal thought disorder among diagnosed schizophrenic patients in a large urban state psychiatric hospital. Ss were administered both the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) & the Thought Disorder Index before & after drug treatment, which had a duration of 26 days. Results show significant decline in thought disorder prevalence during treatment; which might be expected to lead to increased cognitive efficiency. However, while WAIS performance improved, the increase was only within the range of reported practice. Results suggest a partial dissociation of thought disorder & other cognitive functions in schizophrenia. 2 Tables, 33 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Personality Assessment AU - Gold, James M AU - Hurt, Stephen W AD - NIMH Neurosciences Center Saint Elizabeths, 2700 Martin Luther King Ave Washington DC 20032 Y1 - 1990/04// PY - 1990 DA - Apr 1990 SP - 390 EP - 400 VL - 54 IS - 1 -- 2 SN - 0022-3891, 0022-3891 KW - intelligence quotient/thought disorders, schizophrenic patients, Haloperidol's effects KW - pre-/posttreatment scale index data KW - *Intelligence KW - *Measurement KW - *Schizophrenia KW - *Tranquilizing Drugs KW - *Medicine KW - article KW - 2046: sociology of health and medicine; social psychiatry (mental health) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61241998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+Assessment&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Haloperidol+on+Thought+Disorder+and+IQ+in+Schizophrenia&rft.au=Gold%2C+James+M%3BHurt%2C+Stephen+W&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1990-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1+--+2&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Personality+Assessment&rft.issn=00223891&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - CODEN - JNPABU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - *Schizophrenia; *Medicine; *Intelligence; *Tranquilizing Drugs; *Measurement ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Destruction of testicular Leydig cells reveals a role of endogenous inhibin in regulating follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in the adult male rat. AN - 79778356; 2160385 AB - It has previously been demonstrated that passive immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin results in a dramatic elevation in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion in the adult female rat but not in the adult male. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the effects of immunoneutralizing endogenous inhibin on FSH secretion in the adult male rat might be masked by the presence of additional, compensating, FSH-suppressing factors. This was determined by examining the individual and combined effects of removing the testicular influences provided by the Leydig cells using the selective toxicant, ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS), and passive immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin. Within 24 h of a single i.p. injection of EDS, plasma testosterone levels were lowered to near assay limits and by 3 days were undetectable. Plasma FSH levels were significantly elevated 3 and 7 days after EDS treatment, but not to the levels observed in rats castrated for similar periods of time. Castration of rats, treated 3 days earlier with EDS, resulted in a further significant increase in FSH secretion as compared with EDS-treated, sham-operated controls, indicating that the testes were providing an additional FSH-suppressing factor(s) other than those originating in the Leydig cells. Injection of anti-inhibin serum, into rats treated 3 or 7 days earlier with EDS, induced a further significant increase in FSH secretion that raised plasma FSH to a level comparable to that observed in male rats castrated for similar periods of time. Plasma LH secretion was also dramatically elevated by EDS treatment to levels that equaled or exceeded those observed in similarly timed castrates. Pituitary sensitivity, as tested by the injection of an exogenous challenge of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), was significantly increased 3 or 7 days after either EDS treatment or castration in terms of LHRH-stimulated LH release, but not in terms of LHRH-stimulated FSH release. Immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin induced no further observable changes in pituitary sensitivity to LHRH. These results demonstrate that in the absence of the Leydig cells a secondary role is revealed for endogenous inhibin in suppressing FSH secretion that, in combination with the Leydig cell influence(s), accounts for the postcastration increase in FSH. The need to remove the Leydig cell influence(s) to reveal an effect of endogenous inhibin on FSH secretion in the adult male rat may suggest that the inhibin effect is normally masked by the presence of the comparatively larger suppressive influence(s) derived from the Leydig cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Molecular and cellular endocrinology AU - Culler, M D AU - Negro-Vilar, A AD - Reproductive Neuroendocrinology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/03/26/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 26 SP - 89 EP - 98 VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0303-7207, 0303-7207 KW - Mesylates KW - 0 KW - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 33515-09-2 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Inhibins KW - 57285-09-3 KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Testosterone -- pharmacology KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- blood KW - Pituitary Gland -- metabolism KW - Immunochemistry KW - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Orchiectomy KW - Mesylates -- pharmacology KW - Leydig Cells -- metabolism KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- secretion KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- blood KW - Inhibins -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79778356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+endocrinology&rft.atitle=Destruction+of+testicular+Leydig+cells+reveals+a+role+of+endogenous+inhibin+in+regulating+follicle-stimulating+hormone+secretion+in+the+adult+male+rat.&rft.au=Culler%2C+M+D%3BNegro-Vilar%2C+A&rft.aulast=Culler&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-26&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+endocrinology&rft.issn=03037207&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA methylation and collagen IV gene expression in F9 teratocarcinoma cells. AN - 79692344; 2156857 AB - Although undifferentiated F9 teratocarcinoma cells express low levels of mRNAs for collagen IV, previous transient transfection experiments using an alpha 1(IV) collagen gene promoter-enhancer-CAT construct revealed a high level of transcriptional activity in these cells. In this report, we find that when this construct is introduced stably into undifferentiated F9 teratocarcinoma cells, expression does not occur unless the cells are treated with retinoic acid and dibutyryl-cAMP. Such activation mimics the endogenous gene activity. Treatment of the cells containing the integrated construct with 5-azacytidine, an agent which prevents DNA methylation, also activates transcription and acts synergistically with retinoic acid and cAMP. Analysis of DNA isolated from F9 teratocarcinoma cells revealed that there was a specific demethylation of the DNA within the 5'-flanking region of the collagen IV genes following treatment with retinoic acid and cAMP. These results suggest that during differentiation, DNA demethylation may play an important role in transcriptional regulation of the collagen IV genes. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Burbelo, P D AU - Horikoshi, S AU - Yamada, Y AD - Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Anomalies, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 25 SP - 4839 EP - 4843 VL - 265 IS - 9 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Bucladesine KW - 63X7MBT2LQ KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Transfection KW - Gene Expression KW - Mice KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Bucladesine -- pharmacology KW - Methylation KW - Cell Line KW - Collagen -- genetics KW - Teratoma -- genetics KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79692344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=DNA+methylation+and+collagen+IV+gene+expression+in+F9+teratocarcinoma+cells.&rft.au=Burbelo%2C+P+D%3BHorikoshi%2C+S%3BYamada%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Burbelo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-03-25&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4839&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Granule cells in the ventral dentate gyrus are essential for kainic acid-induced wet dog shakes but not those induced by precipitated abstinence in morphine-dependent rats. AN - 79757304; 2334852 AB - Wet dog shaking elicited by systemic administration of kainic acid is eliminated by bilateral destruction of ventral dentate granule cells. In contrast, wet dog shaking induced by naltrexone precipitated abstinence in morphine-dependent rats is unaffected by destruction of ventral dentate granule cells. It is concluded that at least two anatomically distinct brain regions modulate wet dog shaking behavior. JF - Brain research AU - Mitchell, C L AU - Grimes, L M AU - Hong, J S AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/03/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 19 SP - 338 EP - 340 VL - 511 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Hippocampus -- physiology KW - Stereotyped Behavior -- drug effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- metabolism KW - Kainic Acid -- toxicity KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79757304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Granule+cells+in+the+ventral+dentate+gyrus+are+essential+for+kainic+acid-induced+wet+dog+shakes+but+not+those+induced+by+precipitated+abstinence+in+morphine-dependent+rats.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+C+L%3BGrimes%2C+L+M%3BHong%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-03-19&rft.volume=511&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cerebral glucose utilization during diazepam withdrawal in rats. AN - 79754851; 2334842 AB - The diazepam withdrawal syndrome in rats was characterized behaviorally by an increase in spontaneous motor activity, slight body tremor and a lack of convulsions. The 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) technique was used to measure quantitatively cerebral glucose utilization during diazepam withdrawal and revealed changes in glucose utilization in 30% of the 54 structures evaluated. Areas of increased glucose utilization included medial geniculate, inferior colliculus, visual cortex, mammillary body, dorsal hippocampus, cerebellar flocculus, and zona reticulata and globus pallidus, olfactory cortex, nucleus accumbens and internal capsule. There was no single or consistent relationship between reported benzodiazepine receptor densities and glucose utilization. JF - Brain research AU - Marietta, C A AU - Eckardt, M J AU - Zbicz, K L AU - Weight, F F AD - Laboratory of Physiologic and Pharmacologic Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20851. Y1 - 1990/03/19/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 19 SP - 192 EP - 196 VL - 511 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Deoxy Sugars KW - 0 KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Female KW - Brain -- physiopathology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- metabolism KW - Diazepam -- adverse effects KW - Deoxy Sugars -- pharmacokinetics KW - Deoxyglucose -- pharmacokinetics KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79754851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Cerebral+glucose+utilization+during+diazepam+withdrawal+in+rats.&rft.au=Marietta%2C+C+A%3BEckardt%2C+M+J%3BZbicz%2C+K+L%3BWeight%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Marietta&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-03-19&rft.volume=511&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endothelin-1 stimulates the release of preloaded [3H]D-aspartate from cultured cerebellar granule cells. AN - 79704275; 2182017 AB - We have recently reported that endothelin-1 (ET) induces phosphoinositide hydrolysis in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells. Here we found that ET in a dose-dependent manner (1-30 nM) stimulated the release of preloaded [3H]D-aspartate from granule cells. The ET-induced aspartate release was completely blocked in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, but was unaffected by 1 mM Co2+ or 1 microM dihydropyridine derivatives (nisoldipine and nimodipine). At higher concentration (10 microM) of nisoldipine and nimodipine, the release was partially inhibited. Short-term pretreatment of cells with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) potentiated the ET-induced aspartate release, while long-term pretreatment with PDBu attenuated the release. Long-term exposure of cells to pertussis toxin (PTX), on the other hand, potentiated the ET-induced effects. Our results suggest that ET has a neuromodulatory function in the central nervous system. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Lin, W W AU - Lee, C Y AU - Chuang, D M AD - NIMH Neuroscience Center, St. Elizabeths, Washington, D.C. 20032. Y1 - 1990/03/16/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 16 SP - 593 EP - 599 VL - 167 IS - 2 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - 0 KW - Endothelins KW - Peptides KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Cobalt KW - 3G0H8C9362 KW - Potassium Chloride KW - 660YQ98I10 KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Potassium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Cobalt -- pharmacology KW - Endothelium, Vascular KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Calcium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Isomerism KW - Aspartic Acid -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Peptides -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79704275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Endothelin-1+stimulates+the+release+of+preloaded+%5B3H%5DD-aspartate+from+cultured+cerebellar+granule+cells.&rft.au=Lin%2C+W+W%3BLee%2C+C+Y%3BChuang%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-03-16&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of seasonal migration on geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in humpback whales. AN - 79679315; 1969116 AB - Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) migrate nearly 10,000 km each year between summer feeding grounds in temperate or near-polar waters and winter breeding grounds in shallow tropical waters. Observations of marked individuals suggest that major oceanic populations of humpback whales are divided into a number of distinct seasonal subpopulations which are not separated by obvious geographic barriers. To test whether these observed patterns of distribution and migration are reflected in the genetic structure of populations, we looked for variation in the mitochondrial DNA of 84 individual humpback whales on different feeding and wintering grounds of the North Pacific and western North Atlantic oceans. On the basis of restriction-fragment analysis, we now report a marked segregation of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes among subpopulations as well as between the two oceans. We interpret this segregation to be the consequence of maternally directed fidelity to migratory destinations. JF - Nature AU - Baker, C S AU - Palumbi, S R AU - Lambertsen, R H AU - Weinrich, M T AU - Calambokidis, J AU - O'Brien, S J AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 238 EP - 240 VL - 344 IS - 6263 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - DNA, Mitochondrial KW - 0 KW - DNA Restriction Enzymes KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Male KW - Female KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Genetic Variation KW - Whales -- physiology KW - Haplotypes KW - Whales -- genetics KW - Seasons KW - Cetacea -- genetics KW - DNA, Mitochondrial -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79679315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Influence+of+seasonal+migration+on+geographic+distribution+of+mitochondrial+DNA+haplotypes+in+humpback+whales.&rft.au=Baker%2C+C+S%3BPalumbi%2C+S+R%3BLambertsen%2C+R+H%3BWeinrich%2C+M+T%3BCalambokidis%2C+J%3BO%27Brien%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=344&rft.issue=6263&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemically induced CD4 mutants of a human T cell line. Evidence for dissociation between binding of HIV I envelope and susceptibility to HIV I infection and syncytia formation. AN - 79675481; 1690235 AB - This study describes the derivation of a series of mutants from the human leukemic cell line CEM using the frame shift mutagen Ethyl-methanesulfonate followed by negative selection with multiple treatments of OKT4A + C, and sorting into CD4-, CD4-dull, and CD4-intermediate mutants. These mutants express reduced CD4 levels ranging from 0 to 60% of the parental line. The mutants were analyzed by staining with a battery of CD4-specific mAb, by assessing their ability to bind soluble gp120, and by their ability to form syncytia after infection with cell-free HIV I virus and a gp160-vaccinia vector. Two groups of particularly interesting mutants were identified: (1) CD4-dull mutants expressing only 5 to 10% of the wild type surface CD4 density, which nevertheless were infectable by HIV I and produced as many syncytia and reverse transcriptase activity as the parental line after infection with gp160-vaccinia or cell free HIV I. (2) CD4-intermediate mutants (30 to 60% of parental CD4 level), which express CD4-epitopes required for interaction with the HIV I envelope protein, yet are markedly deficient in their ability to form syncytia after gp160-vaccinia or HIV I infection. Two of these mutants did form syncytia after transient reconstitution with a wild type CD4 containing vaccinia vector. Inasmuch as they were found to bind soluble gp120 with the same avidity as other, functionally normal, CD4-intermediate mutants, these human T cell mutants may have a reduced susceptibility to HIV I infection due to the absence of a "fusogenic component" or to a structural alteration in a region of the CD4 molecule not required for binding of the HIV I envelope, but for the subsequent fusion and entry process. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Hillman, K AU - Shapira-Nahor, O AU - Gruber, M F AU - Hooley, J AU - Manischewitz, J AU - Seeman, R AU - Vujcic, L AU - Geyer, S J AU - Golding, H AD - Division of Virology, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 2131 EP - 2139 VL - 144 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Vaccinia virus KW - Solubility KW - Transfection KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mutation KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- analysis KW - Cell Line KW - Antigens, CD4 -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- metabolism KW - Cell Fusion KW - Antigens, CD4 -- genetics KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- metabolism KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79675481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Chemically+induced+CD4+mutants+of+a+human+T+cell+line.+Evidence+for+dissociation+between+binding+of+HIV+I+envelope+and+susceptibility+to+HIV+I+infection+and+syncytia+formation.&rft.au=Hillman%2C+K%3BShapira-Nahor%2C+O%3BGruber%2C+M+F%3BHooley%2C+J%3BManischewitz%2C+J%3BSeeman%2C+R%3BVujcic%2C+L%3BGeyer%2C+S+J%3BGolding%2C+H&rft.aulast=Hillman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HIV-1 transmission and function of virus-infected monocytes/macrophages. AN - 79671852; 1690236 AB - Monocyte/macrophages (MM) were isolated from HIV-1 seronegative individuals, infected with HIV-1 and examined for their ability to infect autologous T lymphocytes with and without concomitant presentation of exogenous Ag. HIV-1-infected MM presented tetanus toxin (TT) and streptokinase to T cells (as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation) comparable to presentation by uninfected MM. In these studies, it was observed that HIV-1-infected MM without additional exogenous Ag stimulated autologous T lymphocytes, however, to a lesser degree than with TT and streptokinase. Virus production in T cells appeared to be relative to the degree of stimulation with the highest levels of stimulation and infection observed when T cells were exposed to HIV-1-infected TT-presenting MM. Studies were carried out to examine some of the restricting elements in MM-mediated infection of T lymphocytes with and without TT presentation. Antibodies to CD4, as well as soluble immunopurified gp120, blocked cell-mediated infection indicating that infection of T cells was through the CD4 molecule as has been demonstrated with cell-free virus. In addition, soluble gp120 inhibited Ag presentation by HIV-1-infected and uninfected MM. mAb to MHC class II Ag HLA-DR and -DP blocked T cell infection by HIV-1-infected MM with and without presentation of TT. No effect was observed with mAb to MHC class I Ag. These results indicate that virus transmission to T lymphocytes can be mediated by HIV-1-infected MM and that these cells maintain their function as APC. Activation of T cells appears to be important in the process of T cell infection in this system inasmuch as antibodies that block Ag presentation and thus a T cell proliferative signal inhibit infection. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Mann, D L AU - Gartner, S AU - Le Sane, F AU - Buchow, H AU - Popovic, M AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20895. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 2152 EP - 2158 VL - 144 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Receptors, Virus KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Antigens, CD4 -- physiology KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Virus -- physiology KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- microbiology KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Binding, Competitive KW - HIV-1 -- growth & development KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- metabolism KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- immunology KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- analysis KW - Macrophages -- microbiology KW - HIV Infections -- microbiology KW - Monocytes -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79671852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=HIV-1+transmission+and+function+of+virus-infected+monocytes%2Fmacrophages.&rft.au=Mann%2C+D+L%3BGartner%2C+S%3BLe+Sane%2C+F%3BBuchow%2C+H%3BPopovic%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of chromosomal proteins HMG-14/-17 in myotubes following differentiation-dependent reduction of HMG mRNA. AN - 79648230; 1689723 AB - The expression of chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 during cellular differentiation was studied in cultured mouse myoblasts. During myogenesis the level of both HMG-14 and HMG-17 mRNA decreased to less than 20% of that found in myoblasts. The down-regulation of HMG-14/-17 mRNA occurred simultaneously with activation of muscle-specific actin mRNA and was not linked to DNA synthesis, indicating that it is a differentiation-, rather than a cell cycle-related event. Incorporation of radiolabeled lysine into HMG proteins was similar to that into the major histone fractions in that it was significant in myoblasts and undetectable in myotubes. The decrease in mRNA and protein synthesis did not affect the cellular levels of HMG protein. These results indicate that the regulation of HMG-14/-17 mRNA levels is different from that of the histones and is linked to differentiation rather than to DNA synthesis. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Pash, J M AU - Bhorjee, J S AU - Patterson, B M AU - Bustin, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 4197 EP - 4199 VL - 265 IS - 8 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Actins KW - 0 KW - High Mobility Group Proteins KW - Histones KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Actins -- genetics KW - Down-Regulation KW - Histones -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Mice KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line KW - RNA -- biosynthesis KW - Muscles -- cytology KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- genetics KW - Muscles -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79648230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+chromosomal+proteins+HMG-14%2F-17+in+myotubes+following+differentiation-dependent+reduction+of+HMG+mRNA.&rft.au=Pash%2C+J+M%3BBhorjee%2C+J+S%3BPatterson%2C+B+M%3BBustin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pash&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of tumorigenicity of a human lung carcinoma line by nontumorigenic bronchial epithelial cells in somatic cell hybrids. AN - 79638690; 2306741 AB - Hybrid cell lines between HuT292-DM, a human lung carcinoma line resistant to 6-thioguanine and ouabain, and either normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) or an SV40 "immortalized" but nontumorigenic derivative thereof (BEAS-2B), have been isolated by double selection. Hybrids of NHBE and HuT292-DM cells senesced after 40-43 population doublings in culture. In contrast, hybrids of BEAS-2B and HuT292-DM showed no sign of a culture "crisis" and have an indefinite life span. HuT292-DM cells produced tumors in 100% of athymic nude mice with a mean latency of 27 days, whereas tumorigenicity was totally suppressed in 76% of the BEAS-2B x HuT292-DM hybrids, with a 2- to 3-fold increased tumor latency in the remaining 24% of these hybrids. While the hybrids are hypotriploid to hypotetraploid, the parental lines are hypodiploid. The growth of HuT292-DM cells is stimulated, whereas NHBE and BEAS-2B cells are inhibited by serum. The growth response of the BEAS-2B x HuT292-DM hybrids to serum is similar to that of HuT292-DM cells. Thus, tumorigenicity and culture longevity are dominantly controlled by the nontumorigenic parent (NHBE or BEAS-2B). On the other hand, serum responsiveness is more similar to that of the tumorigenic parent (HuT292-DM). JF - Cancer research AU - Kaighn, M E AU - Gabrielson, E W AU - Iman, D S AU - Pauls, E A AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 1890 EP - 1896 VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Genetic Markers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Animals KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Cell Fusion KW - Humans KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Division KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Bronchi -- cytology KW - Hybrid Cells -- cytology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79638690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+tumorigenicity+of+a+human+lung+carcinoma+line+by+nontumorigenic+bronchial+epithelial+cells+in+somatic+cell+hybrids.&rft.au=Kaighn%2C+M+E%3BGabrielson%2C+E+W%3BIman%2C+D+S%3BPauls%2C+E+A%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Kaighn&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of rare alleles of the Harvey ras protooncogene locus with lung cancer. AN - 79638636; 2407346 AB - The hypothesis that rare variable nucleotide tandem repeat alleles of the Ha-ras-1 polymorphism are an inherited predisposing factor in human lung carcinogenesis has been evaluated in an age, race, and smoking matched case-control study. Twenty-three different alleles were identified by their restriction fragment length in DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and were categorized into three groups: common; intermediate; and rare. The frequencies of rare alleles in blacks with either squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, or small cell carcinoma were found to be significantly higher than those among groups of control subjects that were comprised of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and patients with cancer at sites other than the lung. A similar trend which did not reach statistical significance was observed in whites. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that inheritance of Ha-ras-1 rare restriction fragment length alleles represents a genetic risk factor for some human lung cancers. The biological basis of this observation remains to be clarified, and it is possible that ethnic variations in rare allele frequencies are responsible for the differences noted. However, the data suggest that further evaluation of the Ha-ras-1 polymorphism as a marker of individual lung cancer susceptibility is warranted. JF - Cancer research AU - Sugimura, H AU - Caporaso, N E AU - Modali, R V AU - Hoover, R N AU - Resau, J H AU - Trump, B F AU - Longergan, J A AU - Krontiris, T G AU - Mann, D L AU - Weston, A AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 15 SP - 1857 EP - 1862 VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Gene Frequency KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Case-Control Studies KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- genetics KW - Genes, ras KW - Alleles KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79638636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Association+of+rare+alleles+of+the+Harvey+ras+protooncogene+locus+with+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Sugimura%2C+H%3BCaporaso%2C+N+E%3BModali%2C+R+V%3BHoover%2C+R+N%3BResau%2C+J+H%3BTrump%2C+B+F%3BLongergan%2C+J+A%3BKrontiris%2C+T+G%3BMann%2C+D+L%3BWeston%2C+A&rft.aulast=Sugimura&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-03-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1857&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microtubule-dependent retrograde transport of proteins into the ER in the presence of brefeldin A suggests an ER recycling pathway. AN - 79657148; 2178778 AB - Characteristics of brefeldin A (BFA)-induced redistribution of Golgi proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its relationship to an ER retrieval pathway were investigated. Retrograde movement of Golgi proteins into the ER occurred via long, tubulovesicular processes extending out of the Golgi along microtubules. Microtubule-disrupting agents (i.e., nocodazole), energy poisons, and reduced temperatures inhibited this pathway. In BFA-treated cells Golgi proteins appeared to cycle between the ER and an intermediate compartment marked by a 53 kd protein. Addition of nocodazole disrupted this dynamic cycle by preferentially inhibiting retrograde movement, causing Golgi proteins to accumulate in the intermediate compartment. In the absence of BFA, such an ER cycling pathway appeared to be followed normally by the 53 kd protein but not by Golgi proteins, as revealed by temperature shift experiments. We propose that BFA induces the interaction of the Golgi with an intermediate "recycling" compartment that utilizes a microtubule-dependent pathway into the ER. JF - Cell AU - Lippincott-Schwartz, J AU - Donaldson, J G AU - Schweizer, A AU - Berger, E G AU - Hauri, H P AU - Yuan, L C AU - Klausner, R D AD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/09/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 09 SP - 821 EP - 836 VL - 60 IS - 5 SN - 0092-8674, 0092-8674 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Cyclopentanes KW - Proteins KW - Brefeldin A KW - 20350-15-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Cell Line KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Microtubules -- ultrastructure KW - Cyclopentanes -- pharmacology KW - Golgi Apparatus -- ultrastructure KW - Golgi Apparatus -- drug effects KW - Microtubules -- metabolism KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Microtubules -- drug effects KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- ultrastructure KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Golgi Apparatus -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79657148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Microtubule-dependent+retrograde+transport+of+proteins+into+the+ER+in+the+presence+of+brefeldin+A+suggests+an+ER+recycling+pathway.&rft.au=Lippincott-Schwartz%2C+J%3BDonaldson%2C+J+G%3BSchweizer%2C+A%3BBerger%2C+E+G%3BHauri%2C+H+P%3BYuan%2C+L+C%3BKlausner%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Lippincott-Schwartz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-09&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=821&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell&rft.issn=00928674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viral T-antigen interactions with cellular proto-oncogene and anti-oncogene products. AN - 79618553; 2154582 JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Schreier, A A AU - Gruber, J AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/07/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 07 SP - 354 EP - 360 VL - 82 IS - 5 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming KW - 0 KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Oncogene Proteins KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Retinoblastoma Protein KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Phosphotransferases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.67 KW - Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) KW - EC 2.7.10.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Phosphotransferases -- metabolism KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral -- metabolism KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming -- metabolism KW - Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79618553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Viral+T-antigen+interactions+with+cellular+proto-oncogene+and+anti-oncogene+products.&rft.au=Schreier%2C+A+A%3BGruber%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schreier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-03-07&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of serum- and ras-stimulated DNA synthesis by antibodies to phospholipase C. AN - 79665425; 2408147 AB - Several immunologically distinct isozymes of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (PLC) have been purified from bovine brain. Murine NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were found to express PLC-gamma, but the expression of PLC-beta was barely detectable by radioimmunoassay or protein immunoblot. A mixture of monoclonal antibodies was identified that neutralizes the biological activity of both endogenous and injected purified PLC-gamma. When co-injected with oncogenic Ras protein or PLC-gamma, this mixture of antibodies inhibited the induction of DNA synthesis that characteristically results from the injection of these proteins into quiescent 3T3 cells. However, when oncogenic Ras protein or PLC-gamma was co-injected with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to Ras, only the DNA synthesis induced by the Ras protein was inhibited--that induced by PLC was unaffected. These results suggest that the Ras protein is an upstream effector of PLC activity in phosphoinositide-specific signal transduction and that PLC-gamma activity is necessary for Ras-mediated induction of DNA synthesis. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Smith, M R AU - Liu, Y L AU - Kim, H AU - Rhee, S G AU - Kung, H F AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/03/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 02 SP - 1074 EP - 1077 VL - 247 IS - 4946 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Isoenzymes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoblotting KW - Animals KW - Hybridomas KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Interphase KW - Microinjections KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Signal Transduction KW - Cell Line KW - Fibroblasts KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- immunology KW - Type C Phospholipases -- immunology KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- pharmacology KW - Isoenzymes -- immunology KW - Type C Phospholipases -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79665425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+serum-+and+ras-stimulated+DNA+synthesis+by+antibodies+to+phospholipase+C.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+R%3BLiu%2C+Y+L%3BKim%2C+H%3BRhee%2C+S+G%3BKung%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-02&rft.volume=247&rft.issue=4946&rft.spage=1074&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From the National Institutes of Health. AN - 79623352; 2304226 JF - JAMA AU - Raub, W AD - National Institutes of Health. Y1 - 1990/03/02/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 02 SP - 1189 VL - 263 IS - 9 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Aspirin KW - R16CO5Y76E KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Immunotherapy KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Smoking -- therapy KW - Fetal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Breast Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Aspirin -- adverse effects KW - Breast Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Melanoma -- therapy KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79623352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=From+the+National+Institutes+of+Health.&rft.au=Raub%2C+W&rft.aulast=Raub&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-03-02&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential autonomic nervous system activity in multiple personality disorder. AN - 85266816; pmid-2333357 AB - The cardinal feature of multiple personality disorder (MPD) is the existence of two or more alter personality states that exchange control over the behaviour of an individual. Numerous clinical reports suggest that these alter personality states exhibit distinct physiological differences. We investigated differential autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity across nine subjects with MPD and five controls, who produced "alter" personality states by simulation and by hypnosis or deep relaxation. Eight of the nine MPD subjects consistently manifested physiologically distinct alter personality states. Three of the five controls were also produced physiologically distinct states, but these differed from those of the MPD subjects. A habituation paradigm demonstrated carryover effects at the ANS levels from one state to the next for both groups. JF - Psychiatry Research AU - Putnam, F W AU - Zahn, T P AU - Post, R M AD - Unit on Dissociative Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 251 EP - 260 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1781, 0165-1781 KW - Orientation KW - Galvanic Skin Response KW - Arousal KW - Human KW - Multiple Personality Disorder KW - Heart Rate KW - Autonomic Nervous System KW - Habituation (Psychophysiology) KW - Adult KW - Middle Age KW - Attention KW - Male KW - Female UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85266816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+Research&rft.atitle=Differential+autonomic+nervous+system+activity+in+multiple+personality+disorder.&rft.au=Putnam%2C+F+W%3BZahn%2C+T+P%3BPost%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Putnam&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry+Research&rft.issn=01651781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problem solving by reference to rules or previous episodes: the effects of organized training, analogical models, and subsequent complexity of experience. AN - 85214932; pmid-2319963 AB - Subjects learned a microcomputer drawing package under different conditions of training organization and practice complexity. Training instructions were presented in either a random or an organized order, and with or without an analogical model of the software package. Practice trial varied in visual and logical complexity. Performance on paper-and-pencil and problem-solving tests was better following the model than following the no-model condition when practice trials were logically complex; the reverse was true when they were logically simple. Performance on the test of problem solving was also better following organized training than following randomly ordered training when practice trials were visually complex; the reverse was true following visually simple practice. We propose that the subjects performed the tasks by engaging in either episode-based or rule-based processing, and that performance was optimized when the processing used at encoding and retrieval was the same. The acquisition of skill in solving real problems is explained as procedural compilation. JF - Memory and Cognition AU - Caplan, L J AU - Schooler, C AD - National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 215 EP - 227 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0090-502X, 0090-502X KW - Logic KW - Software KW - Microcomputers KW - Human KW - Adult KW - Middle Age KW - Adolescent KW - Retention (Psychology) KW - Male KW - Female KW - Concept Formation KW - Memory KW - Mental Recall KW - Attention KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85214932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Memory+and+Cognition&rft.atitle=Problem+solving+by+reference+to+rules+or+previous+episodes%3A+the+effects+of+organized+training%2C+analogical+models%2C+and+subsequent+complexity+of+experience.&rft.au=Caplan%2C+L+J%3BSchooler%2C+C&rft.aulast=Caplan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Memory+and+Cognition&rft.issn=0090502X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contraction and relaxation-induced oscillations of the left ventricle of the heart during the isovolumic phases. AN - 85145016; pmid-2324396 AB - A theoretical analysis is presented for the transient dynamical response of the left ventricle of the heart during the isovolumic contraction and relaxation phases of the cardiac cycle. Small oscillations of the left ventricular cavity pressure and wall motion are excited by the initial rates of filling and emptying of the ventricle as well as the rate of change in muscle fiber activation. The analysis applies to the genesis of the first and second heart sounds. The ventricle is modeled as a finite, thick-walled incompressible cylinder having a continuum of imbedded axial and circumferential active muscle fibers, which interacts with a fixed volume of an incompressible, ideal fluid. The solution is obtained using a two-timing asymptotic expansion procedure. The theoretical calculations of left ventricular pressure waveforms compare favorably with published recorded pressure waveforms. The amplitude spectra of computed waveforms contain information concerning the active elastic modulus of the fibers, which is a measure of cardiac contractility. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Lewkowicz, M AU - Chadwick, R S AD - Theoretical Biomechanics Group, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 1318 EP - 1326 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85145016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Contraction+and+relaxation-induced+oscillations+of+the+left+ventricle+of+the+heart+during+the+isovolumic+phases.&rft.au=Lewkowicz%2C+M%3BChadwick%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Lewkowicz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of methanol by hepatic postmitochondrial supernatant: formation of a condensation product with 2,4-diaminotoluene. AN - 80395912; 2130944 AB - 2,4-Diaminotoluene, an aromatic amine hepatocarcinogen in rats and mice, reacts extensively with formaldehyde produced by the oxidation of methanol to form a single reaction product. Using 1H and 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectroscopy, this product was shown to be bis(2,4-diamino-5-tolyl)methane. This reaction product is shown to occur under conditions whereby methanol is metabolized to formaldehyde by rat hepatic postmitochondrial supernatant. These results demonstrate a novel reaction of aromatic amines and formaldehyde in biological samples and indicate that methanol as a solvent may become activated in vitro and produce complex interactions with solutes. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Cunningham, M L AU - Matthews, H B AU - Burka, L T AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. PY - 1990 SP - 157 EP - 161 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Cell Extracts KW - 0 KW - Phenylenediamines KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - 2,4-diaminotoluene KW - IS1AKN4HYB KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Biotransformation KW - Kinetics KW - Formaldehyde -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- metabolism KW - Methanol -- pharmacokinetics KW - Phenylenediamines -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80395912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Activation+of+methanol+by+hepatic+postmitochondrial+supernatant%3A+formation+of+a+condensation+product+with+2%2C4-diaminotoluene.&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+M+L%3BMatthews%2C+H+B%3BBurka%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1991-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel dialkylpiperidines in the venom of the ant Monomorium delagoense. AN - 79923684; 2380716 AB - New 2,6-dialkylpiperidines found in the venom of the ant Monomorium delagoense include cis- and trans-2,6-di(4-pentenyl)-piperidine [2], cis- and trans-2-(4-pentenyl)-6-pentylpiperidine [4], and cis- and trans-2-(6-heptenyl)-6-(4-pentenyl)-piperidine [7], whose structures were confirmed by synthesis. These compounds possess insecticidal and repellent properties. JF - Journal of natural products AU - Jones, T H AU - Blum, M S AU - Robertson, H G AD - Laboratory of Chemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 429 EP - 435 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0163-3864, 0163-3864 KW - Ant Venoms KW - 0 KW - Arthropod Venoms KW - Insect Repellents KW - Insecticides KW - Piperidines KW - Index Medicus KW - Chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Insecticides -- isolation & purification KW - Insect Repellents -- isolation & purification KW - Piperidines -- chemical synthesis KW - Ant Venoms -- analysis KW - Piperidines -- toxicity KW - Arthropod Venoms -- analysis KW - Piperidines -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79923684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.atitle=Novel+dialkylpiperidines+in+the+venom+of+the+ant+Monomorium+delagoense.&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+H%3BBlum%2C+M+S%3BRobertson%2C+H+G&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.issn=01633864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oral contraceptive use and risk of invasive cervical cancer. AN - 79821955; 2351522 AB - A case-control study of 759 invasive cervical cancer patients and 1430 controls in Panama, Costa Rica, Colombia and Mexico enabled an evaluation of risk in relation to oral contraceptive use. Overall use was associated with a 21% nonsignificant elevation in risk, with some further increases in risk for more extensive durations of use. Although risks were similar for recent and non-recent users (RRs = 1.3 versus 1.2), recent long-term users were at highest risk (RR for 5+ years use = 1.7, 95% Cl 1.1-2.6). Relationships were similar for women with and without a recent Pap smear, arguing against detection bias. There was little evidence that other risk factors, including smoking and detection of human papillomaviruses (HPV), altered the effects of oral contraceptives. The risk associated with oral contraceptives was significantly increased for adenocarcinomas (RR = 2.2), whereas for squamous cell tumours the effect was minimal (RR = 1.1). These results provide some support for an adverse effect of oral contraceptives on cervical cancer risk, although possibly limited only to a subpopulation of cases. JF - International journal of epidemiology AU - Brinton, L A AU - Reeves, W C AU - Brenes, M M AU - Herrero, R AU - de Britton, R C AU - Gaitan, E AU - Tenorio, F AU - Garcia, M AU - Rawls, W E AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 4 EP - 11 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0300-5771, 0300-5771 KW - Contraceptives, Oral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Population KW - Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Age Factors KW - Contraception Continuation KW - Research Methodology KW - Costa Rica KW - Contraceptive Methods--side effects KW - Oral Contraceptives--side effects KW - Colombia KW - Population Characteristics KW - Demographic Factors KW - Data Collection KW - Diseases KW - Family Planning KW - Data Analysis KW - Panama KW - North America KW - Americas KW - Latin America KW - Cervical Cancer KW - Cancer KW - Age Distribution KW - South America KW - Neoplasms KW - Mexico KW - Control Groups KW - Histology KW - Contraception KW - Risk Factors KW - Case Histories KW - Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Developing Countries KW - Contraceptive Usage KW - Central America KW - Biology KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Vaginal Smears KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Papanicolaou Test KW - Contraceptives, Oral -- adverse effects KW - Adenocarcinoma -- diagnosis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- diagnosis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- chemically induced KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- chemically induced KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79821955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Oral+contraceptive+use+and+risk+of+invasive+cervical+cancer.&rft.au=Brinton%2C+L+A%3BReeves%2C+W+C%3BBrenes%2C+M+M%3BHerrero%2C+R%3Bde+Britton%2C+R+C%3BGaitan%2C+E%3BTenorio%2C+F%3BGarcia%2C+M%3BRawls%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Brinton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=03005771&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional regulation of the neuropeptide Y gene by nerve growth factor: antagonism by glucocorticoids and potentiation by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and phorbol ester. AN - 79790408; 2160601 AB - The regulation of the preproneuropeptide Y gene (NPY gene) by nerve growth factor (NGF) and second messenger systems in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells was studied by means of steady state NPY mRNA and nuclear run-on transcription analyses. Treatment of cells with 2.5S NGF increased the NPY mRNA abundance up to 100-fold over 1-6 days. Glucocorticoids (e.g. dexamethasone) potentiated by up to 3-fold the stimulation by NGF at early times (less than or equal to 7 h), but strongly suppressed it at later times (greater than or equal to 25 h). The response to NGF was blocked by cycloheximide, indicating a requirement for ongoing protein synthesis. Treatment of cells for 24-48 h with combinations of NGF, forskolin to elevate cAMP levels, and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) to activate protein kinase C synergistically elevated NPY mRNA levels. The rate of NPY gene transcription in PC12 nuclei was increased by NGF, forskolin plus PMA, or NGF plus forskolin plus PMA, indicating that these regulators act at least in part at a transcriptional level. beta-Actin gene transcription also was elevated synergistically by forskolin and PMA. In summary, NPY gene transcription and NPY mRNA levels are controlled by multiple, potentially interacting regulatory systems. The striking antagonism between NGF and glucocorticoids may reflect the hormonal control of phenotypic choice during neural crest differentiation. JF - Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) AU - Sabol, S L AU - Higuchi, H AD - Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 384 EP - 392 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0888-8809, 0888-8809 KW - Glucocorticoids KW - 0 KW - Nerve Growth Factors KW - Neuropeptide Y KW - Phorbol Esters KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 415SHH325A KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Pheochromocytoma -- pathology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Glucocorticoids -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Phorbol Esters -- pharmacology KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- pathology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Neuropeptide Y -- metabolism KW - Nerve Growth Factors -- pharmacology KW - Neuropeptide Y -- physiology KW - Transcription, Genetic -- physiology KW - Neuropeptide Y -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79790408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+regulation+of+the+neuropeptide+Y+gene+by+nerve+growth+factor%3A+antagonism+by+glucocorticoids+and+potentiation+by+adenosine+3%27%2C5%27-monophosphate+and+phorbol+ester.&rft.au=Sabol%2C+S+L%3BHiguchi%2C+H&rft.aulast=Sabol&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=08888809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal exposure to ethanol causes a delay in the developmental expression of neurofilament epitopes in cerebellum. AN - 79775337; 1692633 AB - The expression of nonphosphorylated neurofilaments (nPNFs) and phosphorylated neurofilaments (PNFs) was examined in cerebella during development of C57/Bl/6J mice prenatally exposed to ethanol. The length of nPNF immunoreactive portions of primary and secondary dendrites of Purkinje neurons was reduced during early postnatal developmental stages. This difference disappeared by 2 months of age. These results indicate a delay in the maturation of nPNFs in Purkinje neurons of ethanol-exposed mice. There also appeared to be some underdevelopment of basket cell axons in terms of PNF expression, during early postnatal stages, as compared to normal control litters. These findings may reflect a general delay in neuronal maturation after ethanol exposure. Prenatal exposure to ethanol may, therefore, have profound effects on developmental events occurring during early postnatal life. We could not, however, exclude the possibility that the disturbances in neurofilament expression were due to malnutrition in the alcohol-treated animals. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Poltorak, M AU - Freed, W J AU - Casanova, M F AD - Preclinical Neurosciences Section, NIMH Neuroscience Center, Saint Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 693 EP - 698 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Epitopes KW - 0 KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins KW - Neurofilament Proteins KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins -- genetics KW - Cerebellum -- growth & development KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins -- immunology KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79775337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Prenatal+exposure+to+ethanol+causes+a+delay+in+the+developmental+expression+of+neurofilament+epitopes+in+cerebellum.&rft.au=Poltorak%2C+M%3BFreed%2C+W+J%3BCasanova%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Poltorak&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential immune responsiveness in mouse lines selectively bred for high and low sensitivity to ethanol. AN - 79749526; 2334815 AB - Natural killer cell activity was compared in the Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep mouse lines. These mice, initially selected for their sensitivities to a hypnotic dose of ethanol, are also differentially sensitive to other agents which act through the benzodiazepine/GABA receptor chloride ionophore complex. Natural killer cell activity was 40-59% lower in Short-Sleep when compared to Long-Sleep mice. Flow cytofluorometric analysis demonstrated that the number of Nk-1+ cells was also lower in the spleens of Short-Sleep than Long-Sleep mice. In addition, the incidence of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced tumors was significantly greater in Short-Sleep (85.7%) than in Long-Sleep (14.3%) mice. These results suggest that the Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep mouse lines may represent a unique model to assess the physiological role of the benzodiazepine/GABA receptor chloride ionophore complex in the neural modulation of immune function. JF - Brain, behavior, and immunity AU - Petitto, J M AU - McIntyre, T D AU - McRae, B L AU - Skolnick, P AU - Arora, P K AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 39 EP - 49 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0889-1591, 0889-1591 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Count KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Methylcholanthrene -- toxicity KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Sleep -- physiology KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred C3H -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- cytology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79749526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain%2C+behavior%2C+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Differential+immune+responsiveness+in+mouse+lines+selectively+bred+for+high+and+low+sensitivity+to+ethanol.&rft.au=Petitto%2C+J+M%3BMcIntyre%2C+T+D%3BMcRae%2C+B+L%3BSkolnick%2C+P%3BArora%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Petitto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain%2C+behavior%2C+and+immunity&rft.issn=08891591&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biphasic response of rat tibial growth to thyroxine administration. AN - 79723630; 2327214 AB - To evaluate the dose-response relationship between thyroxine and tibial growth, 60 male rats age 21 days were rendered hypothyroid by administration of methimazole in the drinking water. Twenty-one days later, the hypothyroid rats were randomly divided into 5 groups which received 0, 2, 8, 32, or 64 micrograms.kg-1.day-1 of T4 im for 21 days. All animals were sacrificed at age 64 days. Rat tibia were removed for measurement of epiphyseal growth plate width and longitudinal growth rate. Serum T4 and IGF-I levels were determined by RIA. Methimazole therapy significantly decreased serum T4, IGF-I, epiphyseal growth plate width, and longitudinal growth rate compared to controls. Epiphyseal growth plate width gradually increased when T4 was administered at doses from 2 to 32 micrograms.kg-1.day-1 (271 +/- 14, 311 +/- 15 and 324 +/- 11 microns), and subsequently decreased when T4 was given at a dose of 64 micrograms.kg-1.day-1 (267 +/- 8 microns). A similar profile was observed for longitudinal growth rate and IGF-I. We conclude that rat tibial growth has a biphasic response to exogenous T4 administration, and that the effects of T4 on tibial growth may be mediated through IGF-I secretion. JF - Acta endocrinologica AU - Ren, S G AU - Huang, Z AU - Sweet, D E AU - Malozowski, S AU - Cassorla, F AD - Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 336 EP - 340 VL - 122 IS - 3 SN - 0001-5598, 0001-5598 KW - Methimazole KW - 554Z48XN5E KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I KW - 67763-96-6 KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Growth Plate -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Hypothyroidism -- pathology KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I -- metabolism KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Thyroxine -- pharmacology KW - Bone Development -- drug effects KW - Thyroxine -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79723630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+endocrinologica&rft.atitle=Biphasic+response+of+rat+tibial+growth+to+thyroxine+administration.&rft.au=Ren%2C+S+G%3BHuang%2C+Z%3BSweet%2C+D+E%3BMalozowski%2C+S%3BCassorla%2C+F&rft.aulast=Ren&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+endocrinologica&rft.issn=00015598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes involved in retinoic acid production of small embryonic palatal shelves and limb defects. AN - 79723292; 2326754 AB - All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) is teratogenic to the embryonic mouse, producing malformations in many developing systems, including the limb bud and palate. High incidences of limb defects and cleft palate are induced at doses which are not maternally toxic and do not increase resorptions. Exposure to RA on gestational day (GD) 10 results in small palatal shelves, which fail to make contact on GD 14. The formation of small shelves could be a consequence of increased cell death, reduced proliferation, a combination of these effects, or some other effect such as inhibition of extracellular matrix production. After exposure to 100 mg RA/kg on GD 10, proliferation in mesenchymal cells of the palatal shelves was not reduced from GD 12 to GD 14 and the levels of cell death in control and treated shelves did not differ when observed by light and electron microscopy. The present study examines the effects of RA on cell death and proliferation from GDs 10-12 and compares the effects in palatal shelves and limb buds. Embryonic mice were exposed to RA suspended in corn oil (100 mg/kg on GD 10), a dose that was teratogenic but not maternally toxic or embryolethal. Embryos were collected at 4, 12, 24, 36, or 48 hr postexposure, and tissues which form the palate or limb were dissected from the embryos, stained by a modified Feulgen procedure, and whole mounted on slides. Mitotic index (MI) and percentage dead cells were determined for mesenchymal cells of the first visceral arch, maxillary process, or palatal shelf (depending on stage of development) and forelimb buds. In the palatal tissues from GD 10 to GD 12, RA did not significantly alter MI and percentage dead cells was significantly increased only at 4 hr postexposure. Some whole embryos were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At 48 hr (GD 12) a reduction in the size of the shelves was not apparent on SEM. In the limb buds, RA did not increase percentage dead cells, but MI was significantly decreased. A decreasing rate of proliferation was detected in control facial tissues as development progressed, and this agrees with findings in rat and chick. Thus it appears that mesenchymal cell death and reduced proliferation are not responsible for the small palatal shelves seen on GD 14. RA did not increase cell death but inhibited proliferation in the limb bud, and this effect may contribute to the retarded development and malformations occurring in the limb. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Hill, L G AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 299 EP - 310 VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mitosis -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Limb Deformities, Congenital KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Palate -- abnormalities KW - Tretinoin -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79723292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Processes+involved+in+retinoic+acid+production+of+small+embryonic+palatal+shelves+and+limb+defects.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BHill%2C+L+G%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antagonism between intracerebroventricularly administered N-methyl-D-aspartate and bicuculline methiodide in induction of clonic seizures in mice. AN - 79723099; 2184027 AB - N-Methyl-D-aspartate and bicuculline were administered alone or as a combination by intracerebroventricular injection to mice, and their convulsant activity was monitored. Both of these compounds elicited clonic seizures, though by different mechanisms. However, their simultaneous administration resulted in less than additive induction of clonic activity. JF - Epilepsy research AU - Kapetanovic, I M AU - Gennings, C AU - Torchin, C D AU - Kupferberg, H J AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 112 EP - 116 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0920-1211, 0920-1211 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Bicuculline KW - Y37615DVKC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Injections, Intraventricular KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Bicuculline -- pharmacology KW - Aspartic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Seizures -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79723099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsy+research&rft.atitle=Antagonism+between+intracerebroventricularly+administered+N-methyl-D-aspartate+and+bicuculline+methiodide+in+induction+of+clonic+seizures+in+mice.&rft.au=Kapetanovic%2C+I+M%3BGennings%2C+C%3BTorchin%2C+C+D%3BKupferberg%2C+H+J&rft.aulast=Kapetanovic&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epilepsy+research&rft.issn=09201211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expanding indications for the use of thrombolytic agents in acute myocardial infarction. AN - 79708053; 2182243 AB - A large body of data from randomized clinical trials have definitely established that thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction reduces the risk of early mortality by approximately one fourth. Unfortunately, most (but not all) trials have been unduly restrictive in selecting patients who have been entered. Consequently, at least half of the patients (many of whom are at high risk of death) who present with signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction are not considered for such therapy. A critical analysis of the data from all the available trials indicates that thrombolytic therapy reduces mortality in a much broader group of patients than generally believed. For example, patients who present late (i.e., 6-24 h) after the onset of symptoms, those over the age of 75 years, those with classical symptoms but minor or no abnormalities on the first electrocardiogram, those with low or high blood pressure, and patients in several other subgroups have been shown to benefit. The absolute and relative risk of major adverse effects (such as major bleeding episodes or strokes) have been so low that in each of these subgroups the benefits of treatment far outweigh their potential risks. JF - Clinical cardiology AU - Yusuf, S AD - Clinical Trials Branch, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - V53 EP - 61; discussion V67-72 VL - Suppl 5 SN - 0160-9289, 0160-9289 KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Vascular Patency -- drug effects KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Myocardial Infarction -- mortality KW - Thrombolytic Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Myocardial Infarction -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79708053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cardiology&rft.atitle=Expanding+indications+for+the+use+of+thrombolytic+agents+in+acute+myocardial+infarction.&rft.au=Yusuf%2C+S&rft.aulast=Yusuf&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=V53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cardiology&rft.issn=01609289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The induction of alkoxyresorufin metabolism: a potential indicator of environmental contamination. AN - 79701832; 2322016 AB - Methods of biochemical monitoring of individual animals for exposure to environmental contaminants are of great potential use. The hepatic metabolism of various alkoxyresorufins, which are highly specific substrates for certain forms of cytochrome(s) P450, is highly induced by a variety of environmental contaminants. Thus, the O-dealkylation of pentoxy- or benzyloxyresorufin was induced greater than 20-fold in the rat by alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane, 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl, DDT and Aroclor-1254, while the metabolism of ethoxyresorufin was highly induced by 5,6-benzoflavone, 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl and Aroclor-1254. Additionally, rats exposed to diets containing as little as 12 ppm DDT displayed greater than five-fold increases in the rate of hepatic O-dealkylation of benzyloxyresorufin. Induction of the hepatic metabolism of these resorufin ethers in 9000 xg supernatant fractions taken from rats exposed to potential environmental contaminants may constitute a valuable diagnostic indicator of the presence of a variety of pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, polyhalogenated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. These results suggest the potential applicability of these substrates in detecting chemical contamination in the environment. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Lubet, R A AU - Guengerich, F P AU - Nims, R W AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. PY - 1990 SP - 157 EP - 163 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Oxazines KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Dealkylation KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Oxazines -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Liver -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79701832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+induction+of+alkoxyresorufin+metabolism%3A+a+potential+indicator+of+environmental+contamination.&rft.au=Lubet%2C+R+A%3BGuengerich%2C+F+P%3BNims%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Lubet&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disease-causing effects of environmental chemicals. AN - 79696276; 2319830 AB - Both toxicologic studies and studies in environmental chemistry are important in assessing the potential adverse health effects of human exposures to hazardous environmental agents. This article discusses the toxic effects of chemical concentration at the target organ or site and how the concentration is related to the level of external exposure. JF - The Medical clinics of North America AU - Hogan, M D AU - Fouts, J R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Rall, D P AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 461 EP - 473 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0025-7125, 0025-7125 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Health KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Pollutants -- classification KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79696276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Disease-causing+effects+of+environmental+chemicals.&rft.au=Hogan%2C+M+D%3BFouts%2C+J+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BRall%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Hogan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=00257125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quinolinic acid concentrations in brain and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with intractable complex partial seizures. AN - 79695617; 1690639 AB - Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is a neurotoxin and convulsant when injected directly into the brains of experimental animals and as such has been implicated in the etiology of human seizure disorders. In the present study, we quantified QUIN in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in spiking (focus) and nonspiking (nonfocus) regions of surgically resected human temporal neocortex. L-tryptophan (L-TRP), the putative precursor of QUIN, was also measured in brain, along with CSF concentrations of L-TRP, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and homovanillic acid (HVA). In brain tissue, no differences were found in the concentrations of QUIN and L-TRP between focus and nonfocus regions in 15 pairs of samples. No differences were found in CSF, L-TRP, 5-HIAA, or HVA concentrations between 11 neurologically normal controls and 15 interictal (no seizures for greater than 24 h) and 20 postictal (within 50 min of seizure) samples from epileptic patients. However, CSF QUIN concentrations were significantly lower (32%) in the epileptic patients as compared with controls, which may indicate a generalized disturbance in brain QUIN metabolism or perhaps a response to antiepileptic drugs. JF - Epilepsia AU - Heyes, M P AU - Wyler, A R AU - Devinsky, O AU - Yergey, J A AU - Markey, S P AU - Nadi, N S AD - Section on Analytical Biochemistry, NIMH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 172 EP - 177 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9580, 0013-9580 KW - Pyridines KW - 0 KW - Quinolinic Acids KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Quinolinic Acid KW - F6F0HK1URN KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Homovanillic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Homovanillic Acid -- analysis KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- analysis KW - Tryptophan -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Tryptophan -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Pyridines -- analysis KW - Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe -- metabolism KW - Brain Chemistry KW - Quinolinic Acids -- analysis KW - Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Quinolinic Acids -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79695617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsia&rft.atitle=Quinolinic+acid+concentrations+in+brain+and+cerebrospinal+fluid+of+patients+with+intractable+complex+partial+seizures.&rft.au=Heyes%2C+M+P%3BWyler%2C+A+R%3BDevinsky%2C+O%3BYergey%2C+J+A%3BMarkey%2C+S+P%3BNadi%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Heyes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epilepsia&rft.issn=00139580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmentally related disorders of the hematologic and immune systems. AN - 79694998; 2181213 AB - From observations in rodents and, to a lesser extent, in humans inadvertently or occupationally exposed, it appears that a number of xenobiotics adversely affect immune homeostatic systems, either through acting as a hapten and resulting in hypersensitivity reactions or through altering hematopoietic or immune functions. At present, however, there is no evidence that the immune or hematopoietic systems of the general population have been compromised by xenobiotics via environmental exposure. Nonetheless, these examples and our current knowledge about the pathogenesis of disease support the possibility that chemical-induced damage to the immune system may be associated with potential pathological conditions, some of which may become detectable only after a long latency. Likewise, exposure to immunotoxic xenobiotics might represent additional risk to individuals with already fragile immune systems (e.g., in malnutrition, infancy, old age). However, it is important to be cautious when attempting to extrapolate meaningful conclusions from experimental data or isolated epidemiologic studies to risk assessment for low-level human exposure. JF - The Medical clinics of North America AU - Luster, M I AU - Wierda, D AU - Rosenthal, G J AD - Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 425 EP - 440 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0025-7125, 0025-7125 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Immune Tolerance -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hematopoietic System -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79694998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Environmentally+related+disorders+of+the+hematologic+and+immune+systems.&rft.au=Luster%2C+M+I%3BWierda%2C+D%3BRosenthal%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Luster&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=00257125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental causes of cancer. AN - 79694449; 2319828 AB - The development of cancer in an individual is the result of multiple genetic and epigenetic steps. Carcinogens and tumor promoters can act by a variety of molecular mechanisms, and repeated exposure to numerous agents is frequently necessary for the formation of cancer. The estimate of cancer risk in a population is performed via a formal quantitative risk assessment. The estimated risk in an individual is more complex because of both inherited predispositions and lifestyle. Although information is available, it is essential to understand the goals, attributes, and limitations of the experimental methods underlying our current understanding of the environmental causes of cancer. JF - The Medical clinics of North America AU - Shields, P G AU - Harris, C C AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 263 EP - 277 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0025-7125, 0025-7125 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Information Services KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Medical History Taking KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79694449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Environmental+causes+of+cancer.&rft.au=Shields%2C+P+G%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Shields&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=00257125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bias on withdrawing lost subjects from the analysis at the time of loss, in cohort mortality studies, and in follow-up methods. AN - 79690114; 2319358 AB - Cohort mortality studies may differ from morbidity and other follow-up studies in that, in many of the methods of follow-up employed, the identification or follow-up process and the process of determination of outcome (death) are essentially the same. Furthermore, some of the methods may involve preferential identification of deaths over live persons, or vice versa. This latter area of difference is particularly problematic in situations in which the comparison group (the general population) has not been subjected to tracing, and in which certain persons who are being traced are not covered by the universe defined by the follow-up method. Because of these peculiarities, it is shown that, during the analysis, the usual practice of withdrawing persons lost to follow-up at the time of loss can lead to seriously biased results when follow-up rate is not very high. JF - Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association AU - Johnson, E S AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 250 EP - 254 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0096-1736, 0096-1736 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Models, Statistical KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Cohort Studies KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79690114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Bias+on+withdrawing+lost+subjects+from+the+analysis+at+the+time+of+loss%2C+in+cohort+mortality+studies%2C+and+in+follow-up+methods.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+medicine.+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Industrial+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00961736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential inhibition of the T cell activation pathway by dexamethasone and cyclosporine. AN - 79687581; 2156362 AB - We examined the inhibitory capacity of dexamethasone (DEX) and cyclosporine (CsA) on T cell activation using various accessory cell (AC)-dependent and AC-independent stimuli. We found that CsA strongly inhibited T cell activation in each of the assays used: allogeneic T cell stimulation, phorbol myristate acetate plus concanavalin A, PMA plus anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (2C11), or PMA plus ionomycin (IONO) T cell activation. DEX was a potent inhibitor of allogeneic stimulation and of the PMA+Con A- or PMA + 2C11-induced T cell stimulation. PMA + IONO stimulation, however, was not affected by DEX. When inhibition occurred, both drugs suppressed [3H]TdR incorporation, IL-2 production, and IL-2 mRNA accumulation, indicating that the sites of interference of these drugs in the T cell activation pathway are located proximal to IL-2 mRNA accumulation. However, the difference in the effects of DEX and CsA in PMA + IONO stimulation suggests that DEX and CsA differentially affect T cell activation. JF - Transplantation AU - Furue, M AU - Kawakami, Y AU - Kawakami, T AU - Katz, S I AD - Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 560 EP - 564 VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0041-1337, 0041-1337 KW - Cyclosporins KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Leukotriene B4 KW - 1HGW4DR56D KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - Dexamethasone KW - 7S5I7G3JQL KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-2 -- biosynthesis KW - Mice KW - Leukotriene B4 -- pharmacology KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- immunology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Dexamethasone -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Cyclosporins -- pharmacology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79687581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transplantation&rft.atitle=Differential+inhibition+of+the+T+cell+activation+pathway+by+dexamethasone+and+cyclosporine.&rft.au=Furue%2C+M%3BKawakami%2C+Y%3BKawakami%2C+T%3BKatz%2C+S+I&rft.aulast=Furue&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transplantation&rft.issn=00411337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parathyroid hormone regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ in rat proximal tubules. AN - 79682507; 2156447 AB - The effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on cytosolic Ca2+ was studied on suspensions of purified rat renal proximal tubules using the fluorescent indicator quin-2. Rat PTH-(1-34) produced a transient 40% increase in apparent cytosolic Ca2+ at 20 s, followed by a rapid return toward the basal level. The half-maximal dose for both the rate of rise and peak apparent Ca2+ was 3 X 10(-8) M for rat PTH-(1-34). Unlike PTH, forskolin and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate had no immediate effect. Bovine PTH-(3-34) blocked the effect of PTH in a concentration-dependent manner. Acute reduction of medium Ca2+ to less than 10(-6) M had no effect on either PTH- or angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced transients, but prevented any sustained increases. Washing tubules in nominally Ca2(+)-free medium followed by ethylene glycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid reduced both transients by 50%. PTH at 2 X 10(-7) caused small (6-9%) increases in accumulation of [3H]inositol phosphates comparable with that produced by norepinephrine at 10(-7) M. At 10(-7) M, norepinephrine produced increases in Ca2+ and inositol phosphates similar to PTH; at 10(-5) M much larger increases in inositol phosphates occurred. Exposure to high levels of either norepinephrine or ANG II before PTH administration prevented any subsequent stimulation by PTH or other agonists. A submaximal dose of norepinephrine only slightly blunted the effect of PTH or ANG II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Filburn, C R AU - Harrison, S AD - Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - F545 EP - F552 VL - 258 IS - 3 Pt 2 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - 0 KW - Parathyroid Hormone KW - Peptide Fragments KW - parathyroid hormone (7-34) KW - Angiotensin II KW - 11128-99-7 KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - parathyroid hormone (3-34) KW - 51257-86-4 KW - Bucladesine KW - 63X7MBT2LQ KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Peptide Fragments -- pharmacology KW - Bucladesine -- pharmacology KW - Angiotensin II -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Parathyroid Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Parathyroid Hormone -- physiology KW - Kidney Tubules, Proximal -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79682507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Parathyroid+hormone+regulation+of+cytosolic+Ca2%2B+in+rat+proximal+tubules.&rft.au=Filburn%2C+C+R%3BHarrison%2C+S&rft.aulast=Filburn&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=3+Pt+2&rft.spage=F545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemically induced mammary gland adenomyoepitheliomas and myoepithelial carcinomas of mice. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features. AN - 79680609; 1690510 AB - Myoepithelial cell tumors of the mammary gland have been observed in several mammalian species and are composed of a single cell type (myoepithelium) or, more often, present as a biphasic process including neoplastic ductal epithelial cells. In dogs, these are common tumors, but in humans they are rare neoplasms of the breast, and little is yet known of their pathogenesis, particularly with respect to myoepithelial origin. The present report describes bicellular mammary gland tumors arising from the duct epithelium that were induced in (C57BL/6NCr X DBA/2NCr)F1 (B6D2F1) mice by four weekly oral applications of 1 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) starting at 8 weeks of age. Mammary tumors developed 7 to 8 months later in 14 of 57 mice, and most showed great morphologic resemblance to human adenomyoepitheliomas and myoepithelial carcinomas. Ultrastructurally, the induced tumors were composed of cuboidal epithelium with a microvillous border originating from the lining duct epithelium and plump oval or highly elongated cells that were identified as myoepithelial in origin. These spindle cells contained abundant microfilaments in parallel orientation, some with focal densities and intermediate filaments that frequently formed loose bundles or compact tonofibrils. The myoepithelial cells possessed well-developed desmosomes and plasma membrane caveolae and were regularly bordered by single or reduplicated basement membranes. By immunohistochemistry, strong immunoreactivity was observed for actin in the myoepithelial tumor component only, whereas cytokeratin was variably present in both duct epithelium and myoepithelium. Neoplastic myoepithelial cells stained purple with phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) and brilliant red with Masson's trichrome. It is suggested that DMBA-induced mouse mammary gland adenomyoepitheliomas and myoepithelial carcinomas may serve as very useful animal models to study myoepithelial tumorigenesis. JF - The American journal of pathology AU - Rehm, S AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 575 EP - 584 VL - 136 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9440, 0002-9440 KW - Actins KW - 0 KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Keratins -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Actins -- metabolism KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Mice KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- ultrastructure KW - Adenocarcinoma -- metabolism KW - Myoepithelioma -- chemically induced KW - Adenocarcinoma -- chemically induced KW - Myoepithelioma -- metabolism KW - Adenocarcinoma -- ultrastructure KW - Myoepithelioma -- ultrastructure KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79680609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.atitle=Chemically+induced+mammary+gland+adenomyoepitheliomas+and+myoepithelial+carcinomas+of+mice.+Immunohistochemical+and+ultrastructural+features.&rft.au=Rehm%2C+S&rft.aulast=Rehm&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.issn=00029440&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Clin Pathol. 1983 Mar;79(3):341-7 [6299096] Histochem J. 1985 Oct;17(10):1155-66 [3935611] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979 Feb;62(2):397-405 [105203] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979 May;62(5):1287-93 [286104] Cancer Res. 1972 Jul;32(7):1404-15 [4337828] Am J Vet Res. 1973 Dec;34(12):1513-22 [4357706] Curr Top Pathol. 1970;53:161-220 [4323195] Pathol Eur. 1970;5(3):260-72 [4320055] Br J Cancer. 1969 Jun;23(2):417-25 [5788050] Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988 Jan;112(1):73-6 [2447854] Cell Differ. 1988 Feb;22(3):191-201 [3258548] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 Dec;79(6):1341-50 [2826865] Acta Pathol Jpn. 1988 May;38(5):659-65 [2850707] Ann Pathol. 1988;8(4-5):311-6 [2850809] Differentiation. 1981;20(3):242-52 [6175548] Pathol Res Pract. 1982;175(2-3):279-88 [6190150] Am J Surg Pathol. 1983 Dec;7(8):863-70 [6318584] Am J Clin Pathol. 1988 Mar;89(3):308-14 [2831705] Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1987 Nov;111(11):1082-5 [2821955] Hum Pathol. 1987 Dec;18(12):1232-7 [2824328] Hum Pathol. 1987 Dec;18(12):1218-26 [2824327] Cancer. 1988 Oct 15;62(8):1561-7 [2844382] Hum Pathol. 1988 Oct;19(10):1239-43 [2844648] J Surg Oncol. 1986 May;32(1):58-64 [3014226] Acta Pathol Jpn. 1986 Sep;36(9):1319-26 [3024448] Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1987 Jan;111(1):28-31 [3026280] Cancer Res. 1988 Apr 15;48(8):2078-82 [3127046] Cancer Lett. 1988 Nov;42(3):159-67 [3142678] Am J Pathol. 1988 Aug;132(2):223-32 [2456700] Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1986 Aug;62(2):169-74 [2427986] J Histochem Cytochem. 1986 Aug;34(8):1037-46 [2426332] Cancer. 1986 Feb 15;57(4):745-50 [2417682] Cancer Res. 1985 Jun;45(6):2760-8 [2580627] Ultrastruct Pathol. 1985;8(1):1-11 [2413600] Pathologe. 1989 Jan;10(1):48-52 [2537967] Pathol Res Pract. 1989 Feb;184(2):168-78 [2540482] Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1988;55(1):39-45 [2898832] Am J Pathol. 1988 Feb;130(2):252-60 [3277440] Cell. 1988 Nov 18;55(4):619-25 [3180222] Lab Invest. 1987 Oct;57(4):359-69 [3669613] Vet Pathol. 1979 Sep;16(5):493-509 [89749] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective amplification of an mRNA and related pseudogene for a human ADP-ribosylation factor, a guanine nucleotide-dependent protein activator of cholera toxin. AN - 79678323; 2107548 AB - ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are approximately 20-kDa proteins that act as GTP-dependent allosteric activators of cholera toxin. With deoxyinosine-containing degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to conserved GTP-binding domains in ARFs, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify simultaneously from human DNA portions of three ARF genes that include codons for 102 amino acids, with intervening sequences. Amplification products that differed in size because of differences in intron sizes were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. One amplified DNA contained no introns and had a sequence different from those of known ARFs. Based on this sequence, selective oligonucleotide probes were prepared and used to isolate clone psi ARF 4, a putative ARF pseudogene, from a human genomic library in lambda phage EMBL3. Reverse transcription-PCR was then used to clone from human poly(A)+ RNA the cDNA corresponding to the expressed homolog of psi ARF 4, referred to as human ARF 4. It appears that psi ARF 4 arose during human evolution by integration of processed ARF 4 mRNA into the genome. Human ARF 4 differs from previously identified mammalian ARFs 1, 2, and 3. Hybridization of ARF 4-specific oligonucleotide probes with human, bovine, and rat RNA revealed a single 1.8-kilobase mRNA, which was clearly distinguished from the 1.9-kilobase mRNA for ARF 1 in these tissues. The PCR provides a powerful tool for investigating diversity in this and other multigene families, especially with primers targeted at domains believed to have functional significance. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Monaco, L AU - Murtagh, J J AU - Newman, K B AU - Tsai, S C AU - Moss, J AU - Vaughan, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 2206 EP - 2210 VL - 87 IS - 6 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - RNA, Messenger KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - ADP-Ribosylation Factors KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Genomic Library KW - Pregnancy KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Placenta -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Pseudogenes KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Carrier Proteins -- genetics KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79678323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Selective+amplification+of+an+mRNA+and+related+pseudogene+for+a+human+ADP-ribosylation+factor%2C+a+guanine+nucleotide-dependent+protein+activator+of+cholera+toxin.&rft.au=Monaco%2C+L%3BMurtagh%2C+J+J%3BNewman%2C+K+B%3BTsai%2C+S+C%3BMoss%2C+J%3BVaughan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Monaco&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M31889; GENBANK; M31890 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:779-827 [3304147] J Cyclic Nucleotide Protein Phosphor Res. 1983-1984;9(6):435-48 [6396323] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Mar 11;14(5):2123-38 [3083400] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(15):5139-42 [3110784] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 5;263(4):1768-72 [3123477] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 25;263(6):2577-80 [2830256] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 15;263(17):8282-7 [3131341] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4620-4 [3133654] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5488-91 [3135549] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7652-6 [3174659] Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:69-99 [3052287] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Nov 25;16(22):10932 [2462716] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):232-6 [2643100] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1934-8 [2494655] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 11;17(7):2437-48 [2717399] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(12):4372-6 [2734290] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):4863-7 [2662185] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1988;53 Pt 2:629-36 [3151179] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(16):6101-5 [2474826] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(19):7407-9 [2508088] Biochemistry. 1989 Dec 12;28(25):9668-73 [2514806] J Biol Chem. 1984 May 25;259(10):6228-34 [6327671] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for comparing Salmonella mutagenicity data sets using nonlinear models. AN - 79675763; 2179714 AB - A variety of linear and nonlinear mathematical models have been proposed to characterize Salmonella mutagenicity data sets, but no systematic procedure has been suggested for comparing two or more data sets across experiments, laboratories, occasions, mutagens or treatment conditions. In this paper, a general method for data-set comparison is provided. Nonlinear regression techniques are applied to real data sets. Data-set and parameter equivalence are described in depth. Confidence-band construction for nonlinear models and other graphical techniques are presented as auxiliary tools. Key Statistical Analysis System (SAS) code programs are provided. JF - Mutation research AU - Alvord, W G AU - Driver, J H AU - Claxton, L AU - Creason, J P AD - Data Management Services, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 177 EP - 194 VL - 240 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Regression Analysis KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Models, Statistical KW - Mathematics KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Statistics as Topic -- methods KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79675763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Methods+for+comparing+Salmonella+mutagenicity+data+sets+using+nonlinear+models.&rft.au=Alvord%2C+W+G%3BDriver%2C+J+H%3BClaxton%2C+L%3BCreason%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Alvord&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=240&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol withdrawal seizures produce increased c-fos mRNA in mouse brain. AN - 79675613; 2107390 AB - mRNA levels for the protooncogene c-fos, measured by Northern blot analysis, were greatly increased in brains of mice undergoing ethanol withdrawal seizures. This increase was transient (levels were increased at the time of the seizure and returned to normal by 24 hr or less after seizure) and was larger in hippocampus (40-fold) than in cerebral cortex (10-fold) or in cerebellum (6-fold). In mice that were fed ethanol chronically and withdrawn but that did not undergo overt withdrawal seizures, c-fos mRNA levels were not significantly increased. The findings with ethanol withdrawal seizures are similar in many respects to results of earlier studies with chemically induced seizures or kindling, which had led to the suggestion that c-fos expression may play a role in neuronal adaptation. The development of ethanol withdrawal seizures has been likened to kindling, and there is evidence indicating that ethanol withdrawal symptoms become more severe after repeated episodes of withdrawal. The present data support the hypothesis that this phenomenon may involve ethanol withdrawal seizure-induced increases in c-fos expression in various brain areas. JF - Molecular pharmacology AU - Dave, J R AU - Tabakoff, B AU - Hoffman, P L AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 367 EP - 371 VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Gene Expression KW - Mice KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiopathology KW - Genes, ras KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Hippocampus -- physiopathology KW - Time Factors KW - Cerebellum -- physiopathology KW - Brain -- physiopathology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- genetics KW - Seizures -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79675613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+withdrawal+seizures+produce+increased+c-fos+mRNA+in+mouse+brain.&rft.au=Dave%2C+J+R%3BTabakoff%2C+B%3BHoffman%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Dave&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Receptor mechanisms. Structure and molecular biology of transmitter receptors. AN - 79662938; 2155567 AB - Details of receptor structure and function that were unavailable as recently as two years ago are now readily obtainable through the application of molecular biological techniques. Cloning and sequence analysis of neurotransmitter receptor genes have provided information on the primary structure of these proteins, revealing the relationship between pharmacologically diverse families of receptors. Knowledge of the primary structure of receptors has allowed for prediction of secondary structure and the construction of three-dimensional models. Permanent expression of cloned neurotransmitter receptor genes in cultured cells is providing unlimited sources of pure receptor, which allows for pharmacological and biochemical studies on single receptor subtypes. The use of site-directed mutagenesis to elucidate the relationship between protein structure and function has provided considerable information on the role of certain conserved amino acids in receptor function and has suggested possible molecular mechanisms of signal transduction across membranes. The article will review some of these recent developments in the area of neurotransmitter receptors and point out the utility of molecular biology in these endeavors. JF - The American review of respiratory disease AU - Venter, J C AU - Fraser, C M AD - Section of Receptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - S99 EP - 105 VL - 141 IS - 3 Pt 2 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Rats KW - Genes KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mutation KW - Cricetinae KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- physiology KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79662938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.atitle=Receptor+mechanisms.+Structure+and+molecular+biology+of+transmitter+receptors.&rft.au=Venter%2C+J+C%3BFraser%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Venter&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=3+Pt+2&rft.spage=S99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drug dependence in the differential diagnosis of allergic respiratory disease. AN - 79659913; 2310056 JF - Annals of allergy AU - Dax, E M AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Ctr, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 261 EP - 263 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0003-4738, 0003-4738 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Marijuana Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Administration, Intranasal KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Hypersensitivity -- complications KW - Respiration Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Respiration Disorders -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79659913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+allergy&rft.atitle=Drug+dependence+in+the+differential+diagnosis+of+allergic+respiratory+disease.&rft.au=Dax%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Dax&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+allergy&rft.issn=00034738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid-stable 2'-fluoro purine dideoxynucleosides as active agents against HIV. AN - 79656723; 2106581 AB - 2',3'-Dideoxy purine nucleosides have anti-HIV activity in vitro and the inosine analogue is being clinically evaluated. The instability of these compounds toward acidic conditions complicates oral administration. The effect of the addition of a fluorine atom to the 2'-position was investigated by preparing the fluorine-containing 2'-erythro and 2'-threo isomers of ddA and the threo isomer of ddI. All fluorine-containing compounds were indefinitely stable to acidic conditions which completely decomposed ddI (1) and ddA (2) in minutes. While the fluorine-containing erythro isomer, 5, was inactive, the threo isomers, 2'-F-dd-ara-A (3) and 2'-F-dd-ara-I (4), were just as potent and active in protecting CD4+ ATH8 cells from the cytopathogenic effects of HIV-1 as the parent drugs. Exposure to pH 1 at 37 degrees C prior to testing destroyed the activity of ddA and ddI but left the anti-HIV properties of 3 and 4 unchanged. The fluorinated analogues also protected cells exposed to HIV-2 and inhibited gag gene product expression but not as effectively as the parent compounds. The fluorine-containing analogues appear to be somewhat more toxic in vitro to the antigen- and mitogen-driven proliferation of immunocompetent cells than their corresponding parent compounds. JF - Journal of medicinal chemistry AU - Marquez, V E AU - Tseng, C K AU - Mitsuya, H AU - Aoki, S AU - Kelley, J A AU - Ford, H AU - Roth, J S AU - Broder, S AU - Johns, D G AU - Driscoll, J S AD - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 978 EP - 985 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Gene Products, gag KW - HIV Core Protein p24 KW - Purine Nucleosides KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Drug Stability KW - Purine Nucleosides -- chemical synthesis KW - Viral Core Proteins -- analysis KW - Purine Nucleosides -- pharmacology KW - Gene Products, gag -- analysis KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - Antiviral Agents -- chemical synthesis KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79656723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=Acid-stable+2%27-fluoro+purine+dideoxynucleosides+as+active+agents+against+HIV.&rft.au=Marquez%2C+V+E%3BTseng%2C+C+K%3BMitsuya%2C+H%3BAoki%2C+S%3BKelley%2C+J+A%3BFord%2C+H%3BRoth%2C+J+S%3BBroder%2C+S%3BJohns%2C+D+G%3BDriscoll%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Marquez&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=978&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in laboratory results for cancer patients treated with interleukin-2. AN - 79654090; 2311209 AB - The systemic administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) can lead to significant antitumor responses in some patients with metastatic cancer in whom standard therapy has failed. A limitation of this immunotherapy is the toxicity associated with IL-2 infusion. To assess toxicity, we determined aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2), lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27), alkaline phosphatase (ALP; EC 3.1.3.1), creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2), total bilirubin (TBI), direct bilirubin (DBI), creatinine, urea nitrogen, and C-reactive protein in serum from 21 patients before and during five consecutive days of IL-2 treatment. Ten patients were followed for an additional five days after the end of IL-2 therapy. The IL-2 infusion caused liver toxicity and prerenal azotemia, as evidenced by significant increases (P less than 0.05) of all analytes except CK by day 1. There was a progressive increase in the results (except CK) for these tests until IL-2 treatment was stopped. Seven tests related to liver function (AST, ALT, GGT, LD, ALP, DBI, and TBI) showed increases, but the test results indicated significant improvement and moved toward the baseline value five days after the end of IL-2 therapy. Concentrations of creatinine and urea nitrogen in serum were normal three days after the cessation of IL-2 therapy. JF - Clinical chemistry AU - Huang, C M AU - Elin, R J AU - Ruddel, M AU - Sliva, C AU - Lotze, M T AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Clinical Pathology Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 431 EP - 434 VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0009-9147, 0009-9147 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - C-Reactive Protein KW - 9007-41-4 KW - Creatine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.3.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Kidney Function Tests KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- therapy KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury KW - Humans KW - Immunotherapy KW - Melanoma -- blood KW - Liver Function Tests KW - C-Reactive Protein -- analysis KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- blood KW - Creatine Kinase -- blood KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Melanoma -- therapy KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- blood KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- blood KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms -- blood KW - Neoplasms -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79654090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Changes+in+laboratory+results+for+cancer+patients+treated+with+interleukin-2.&rft.au=Huang%2C+C+M%3BElin%2C+R+J%3BRuddel%2C+M%3BSliva%2C+C%3BLotze%2C+M+T%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+chemistry&rft.issn=00099147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antitumor activity of recombinant interleukin 6 in mice. AN - 79653604; 2307930 AB - IL-6 possesses multiple biologic activities that affect a broad range of cells including those directly involved in immune responses as well as cells important in the systemic response to infection or trauma. We now show that purified human rIL-6, when administered alone at relatively high doses that are comparable to therapeutic levels of IL-2, mediated substantial reductions in the number of pulmonary and hepatic micrometastases from four distinct syngeneic tumors. Unlike IL-2, IL-6 injections resulted in neither observable toxicity nor death of the treated mice at the dose regimens used. Host immunosuppression by sublethal total-body irradiation before the initiation of therapy prevented the IL-6 antitumor effect, thus suggesting that IL-6 acted through a radiosensitive host component rather than directly on the tumor itself. Moreover, the systemic administration of relatively low doses of IL-6 in combination with subtherapeutic doses of TNF to mice bearing an established weakly immunogenic, syngeneic tumor at a subcutaneous site resulted in marked tumor regression and cure rates. These studies represent the first demonstration of tumor regression mediated by recombinant IL-6 in vivo. JF - The Journal of experimental medicine AU - Mulé, J J AU - McIntosh, J K AU - Jablons, D M AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/03/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 01 SP - 629 EP - 636 VL - 171 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- therapeutic use KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Interleukin-6 -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79653604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.atitle=Antitumor+activity+of+recombinant+interleukin+6+in+mice.&rft.au=Mul%C3%A9%2C+J+J%3BMcIntosh%2C+J+K%3BJablons%2C+D+M%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Mul%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+experimental+medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1986 Dec 1;137(11):3675-80 [3491145] Immunol Today. 1988 May;9(5):137-9 [3076767] Science. 1987 Feb 13;235(4790):731-2 [3492764] J Immunol. 1987 Aug 1;139(3):813-7 [3496392] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7251-5 [2444978] Eur J Immunol. 1987 Oct;17(10):1411-6 [3500054] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1977 May;58(5):1303-9 [67211] J Immunol. 1980 Oct;125(4):1671-7 [6997383] Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1412-4 [6367046] Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1487-9 [6332379] J Exp Med. 1985 May 1;161(5):1169-88 [3886826] J Immunol. 1985 Dec;135(6):4273-80 [3877766] J Immunol. 1986 Sep 1;137(5):1735-42 [3528289] Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):502-4 [2829354] J Exp Med. 1988 Mar 1;167(3):1253-8 [3127525] Cancer Res. 1988 Jul 15;48(14):4011-7 [3260130] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8037-41 [3054878] J Immunol. 1989 Mar 1;142(5):1542-7 [2783945] J Immunol. 1989 Jul 1;143(1):162-7 [2499626] J Exp Med. 1989 Jun 1;169(6):2257-62 [2499657] FEBS Lett. 1989 Jul 3;250(2):607-10 [2787758] J Immunol. 1987 Feb 15;138(4):1121-9 [3543122] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity, immunogenicity, and tumor radioimmunodetecting ability of two human monoclonal antibodies in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. AN - 79647836; 1689772 AB - Two human immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), 16.88 and 28A32, which react with cytoplasmic (28A32 and 16.88) or cell surface (28A32) determinants on human colon carcinoma cells, were administered intravenously to 26 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma to determine if they could localize to sites of metastatic disease, if they had any antitumor or toxic effects, and to determine whether they would elicit an antihuman MoAb response. Serial scans showed tumor uptake of radioisotope in 12 of 16 patients receiving 131I-labeled 28A32 and in nine of 12 patients receiving 131I-labeled 16.88. No antitumor effects were seen with either antibody. No antibody-related toxic effects were observed following administration of 16.88, but two patients developed localized urticarial reactions following injection with antibody 28A32. No patient developed an antibody response to 16.88. Anti-28A32 reactivity was found in five of 12 (42%) normal sera and in seven of 23 (30%) patients before receiving any antibody. Following administration of 28A32, a low titer (1:10 dilution) of anti-28A32 developed in four patients with no preexisting antibody, a decrease in the preexisting titer was seen in three other patients, the titer remained constant in one patient, and no anti-28A32 was ever detected in six patients. In most cases, anti-28A32 activity was lost at dilutions greater than 1:10 and did not appear to affect antibody half-life in the serum or whole body retention of the antibody. We conclude that these human IgM MoAbs are capable of localizing at sites of disease in vivo, are nontoxic, and are poorly immunogenic in humans. Further studies to determine the specificity of targeting and to improve the delivery of antibody to sites of tumor are indicated. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Steis, R G AU - Carrasquillo, J A AU - McCabe, R AU - Bookman, M A AU - Reynolds, J C AU - Larson, S M AU - Smith, J W AU - Clark, J W AU - Dailey, V AU - Del Vecchio, S AD - Clinical Research Branch, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 476 EP - 490 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Neoplasm KW - Epitopes KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Middle Aged KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasm Metastasis -- immunology KW - Epitopes -- analysis KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- immunology KW - Antigens, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79647836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Toxicity%2C+immunogenicity%2C+and+tumor+radioimmunodetecting+ability+of+two+human+monoclonal+antibodies+in+patients+with+metastatic+colorectal+carcinoma.&rft.au=Steis%2C+R+G%3BCarrasquillo%2C+J+A%3BMcCabe%2C+R%3BBookman%2C+M+A%3BReynolds%2C+J+C%3BLarson%2C+S+M%3BSmith%2C+J+W%3BClark%2C+J+W%3BDailey%2C+V%3BDel+Vecchio%2C+S&rft.aulast=Steis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of maturation and ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation in Xenopus oocytes by microinjection of oncogenic ras protein and protein kinase C. AN - 79620427; 2406569 AB - Using Xenopus oocytes as a model system, we investigated the possible involvement of ras proteins in the pathway leading to phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6. Our results indicate that microinjection of oncogenic T24 H-ras protein (which contains valine at position 12) markedly stimulated S6 phosphorylation on serine residues in oocytes, whereas normal ras protein (which contains glycine at position 12) was without effect. The S6 phosphorylation activity in the cell extract from T24 ras protein-injected oocytes was increased significantly. In addition, injection of protein kinase C potentiated the induction of maturation and S6 phosphorylation by the oncogenic ras protein. A similar potentiation was detected when T24 ras protein-injected oocytes were incubated with active phorbol ester. These findings suggest that ras proteins activate the pathway linked to S6 phosphorylation and that protein kinase C has a synergistic effect on the ras-mediated pathway. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Kamata, T AU - Kung, H F AD - Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 880 EP - 886 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Ribosomal Protein S6 KW - 0 KW - Ribosomal Proteins KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Microinjections KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - Oocytes KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Drug Synergism KW - Time Factors KW - Ribosomal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- administration & dosage KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79620427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+maturation+and+ribosomal+protein+S6+phosphorylation+in+Xenopus+oocytes+by+microinjection+of+oncogenic+ras+protein+and+protein+kinase+C.&rft.au=Kamata%2C+T%3BKung%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Kamata&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=880&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Methods Enzymol. 1974;30:197-206 [4853976] Oncogene Res. 1988;3(3):213-22 [2849744] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Mar;79(6):1781-5 [6804946] Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):235-42 [6751557] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 5;261(1):350-5 [3941081] Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):407-10 [3001936] Nature. 1987 Jan 22-28;325(6102):359-61 [3027568] J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 25;258(22):14003-8 [6643464] Cell. 1984 Mar;36(3):577-9 [6321035] J Virol. 1984 Jun;50(3):966-9 [6328026] Nature. 1984 Jul 12-18;310(5973):147-50 [6610834] Nature. 1984 Aug 9-15;310(5977):508-11 [6611509] Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):109-17 [6380758] Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Aug;4(8):1631-4 [6436688] Nature. 1985 Jan 17-23;313(5999):241-3 [3918269] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(2):272-6 [3918307] Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):615-21 [2416466] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 25;262(6):2688-95 [3546293] Exp Cell Res. 1987 Apr;169(2):514-23 [3549336] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Mar;7(3):1285-8 [3550436] Science. 1987 May 15;236(4803):840-3 [3554510] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Apr 14;144(1):19-25 [3555484] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1999-2002 [2439901] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:779-827 [3304147] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):533-6 [2821623] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):542-5 [2821624] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Nov;7(11):4146-9 [3323889] Oncogene. 1987 Mar;1(1):37-46 [2830575] Cell. 1988 Jan 15;52(1):63-71 [3278810] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3377-81 [3368449] Nature. 1988 Aug 18;334(6183):618-20 [3405309] Nature. 1988 Sep 1;335(6185):90-3 [2842690] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5799-803 [2842749] Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1397-9 [472755] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On power and sample size for studying features of the relative odds of disease. AN - 79605436; 2301364 AB - Estimates of sample size and statistical power are essential ingredients in the design of epidemiologic studies. Once an association between disease and exposure has been demonstrated, additional studies are often needed to investigate special features of the relation between exposure, other covariates, and risk of disease. The authors present a general formulation to compute sample size and power for case-control and cohort studies to investigate more complex patterns in the odds ratios, such as to distinguish between two different slopes of linear trend, to distinguish between two possible dose-response relations, or to distinguish different models for the joint effects of two important exposures or of one exposure factor adjusting for another. Such special studies of exposure-response relations may help investigators to distinguish between plausible biologic models and may lead to more realistic models for calculating attributable risk and lifetime disease risk. The sample size formulae are applied to studies of indoor radon exposure and lung cancer and suggest that epidemiologic studies may not be feasible for addressing some issues. For example, if the risk estimates from underground miners' studies are, in truth, not applicable to home exposures and overestimate the gradient of risk from home exposure to radon by, for example, a factor of 2, then enormously large numbers of subjects would be required to detect the difference. Furthermore, if the true interaction between smoking and radon exposure is less than multiplicative, only the largest investigations will have sufficient power to reject additivity. For the simple case of testing for no exposure effect, when exposure is either dichotomous or continuous, these methods yield well-known formulae. JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Lubin, J H AU - Gail, M H AD - Epidemiologic Methods Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 552 EP - 566 VL - 131 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Aged KW - Mining KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Cohort Studies KW - Sampling Studies KW - Case-Control Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79605436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=On+power+and+sample+size+for+studying+features+of+the+relative+odds+of+disease.&rft.au=Lubin%2C+J+H%3BGail%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Lubin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation between different measures of occupational exposure to formaldehyde. AN - 79604061; 2301359 AB - Data on exposure to formaldehyde from a cohort study of 26,561 workers first employed between 1934 and 1965 in 10 US plants producing or using formaldehyde were used to compare the classification of workers by different estimates of exposure, including duration of employment, duration of exposure, level for job with highest 8-hour time-weighted average exposure, estimated highest peak exposure, cumulative exposure, and average exposure. Measures of duration (employment and exposure) were highly correlated, as were average exposure and highest 8-hour time-weighted average exposure. Moderate correlations were seen between cumulative exposure and either average, highest 8-hour time-weighted average exposure, peak, or duration of exposure, between average and peak exposure, and between highest job and peak exposure. Average exposure, however, showed little correlation with duration of employment, duration of exposure, or peak exposures. The degree of similarity of these estimates of exposure also varied by plant. These results indicate that various measures of exposure rank subjects differently along an exposure gradient and that selection of an inappropriate measure could mute exposure-response gradients. Investigators should use several exposure measures in analyses whenever the mechanism of action is poorly understood in order to avoid false-negative findings. JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Blair, A AU - Stewart, P A AD - Occupational Studies Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 510 EP - 516 VL - 131 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79604061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Correlation+between+different+measures+of+occupational+exposure+to+formaldehyde.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased brain uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid in a rabbit model of hepatic encephalopathy. AN - 79593553; 2298374 AB - Transfer of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid across the normal blood-brain barrier is minimal. One prerequisite for gamma-aminobutyric acid in plasma contributing to the neural inhibition of hepatic encephalopathy would be that increased transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid across the blood-brain barrier occurs in liver failure. The aim of the present study was to determine if brain gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake is increased in rabbits with stage II-III (precoma) hepatic encephalopathy due to galactosamine-induced fulminant hepatic failure. A modification of the Oldendorf intracarotid artery-injection technique was applied. [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid, [14C] butanol, and 113mIn-labeled serum protein (transferrin) were injected simultaneously 4 s before decapitation. The ipsilateral brain uptake index of gamma-aminobutyric acid was determined from measurements of the 3 isotopes in 5 brain regions. Uncorrected or simple brain uptake indices of [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid and [113mIn] transferrin were calculated using [14C] butanol as the highly extracted reference compound. The [113mIn] transferrin data were also used to "correct" the brain uptake index of [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid for intravascular retention of [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid. The methodology adopted minimized problems attributable to rapid [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism, and slow brain washout and recirculation of the radiolabeled tracers. Both the uncorrected and corrected brain uptake indices of gamma-aminobutyric acid as well as the simple brain uptake index of transferrin were significantly increased in both stage II and III hepatic encephalopathy in all brain regions studied. Moreover, these brain uptake indices were significantly greater in stage III hepatic encephalopathy than in stage II hepatic encephalopathy. These findings indicate that transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from plasma to brain extracellular fluid is increased in the model of hepatic encephalopathy studied; hence, they provide support for the hypothesis that plasma-derived gamma-aminobutyric acid may contribute to the neural inhibition of hepatic encephalopathy due to fulminant hepatic failure. JF - Gastroenterology AU - Bassett, M L AU - Mullen, K D AU - Scholz, B AU - Fenstermacher, J D AU - Jones, E A AD - Liver Diseases Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 747 EP - 757 VL - 98 IS - 3 SN - 0016-5085, 0016-5085 KW - Butanols KW - 0 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - Indium Radioisotopes KW - Transferrin KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Galactosamine KW - 7535-00-4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Butanols -- administration & dosage KW - Transferrin -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Half-Life KW - Galactosamine -- toxicity KW - Methods KW - Rabbits KW - Time Factors KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- metabolism KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- administration & dosage KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79593553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Increased+brain+uptake+of+gamma-aminobutyric+acid+in+a+rabbit+model+of+hepatic+encephalopathy.&rft.au=Bassett%2C+M+L%3BMullen%2C+K+D%3BScholz%2C+B%3BFenstermacher%2C+J+D%3BJones%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Bassett&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gastroenterology&rft.issn=00165085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recombinant DNA research; actions under guidelines; notice -- E. Points to consider for protocols for the transfer of recombinant DNA into the genome of human subjects. AN - 79525213; 11645685 JF - Federal register AU - U.S. National Institutes of Health AD - U.S. National Institutes of Health Y1 - 1990/03/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Mar 01 SP - 7443 EP - 7447 VL - 55 IS - 41 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Bioethics KW - Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee KW - Points to Consider: Transfer of Recombinant DNA into Human Subjects KW - Human Gene Therapy Subcommittee KW - Biomedical and Behavioral Research KW - Genetics and Reproduction KW - National Institutes of Health KW - NIH Guidelines KW - Legal Approach KW - United States KW - Information Services KW - Humans KW - Confidentiality KW - Information Dissemination KW - Professional Competence KW - Research Subjects KW - Patients KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy KW - Patient Selection KW - Research Design KW - Disclosure KW - Risk Assessment KW - Advisory Committees KW - Research Personnel KW - Risk KW - Ethics Committees KW - Government KW - Community Participation KW - Informed Consent KW - Ethics Committees, Research KW - Government Regulation KW - Social Control, Formal KW - Reference Standards KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Human Experimentation KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Genetic Therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79525213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Recombinant+DNA+research%3B+actions+under+guidelines%3B+notice+--+E.+Points+to+consider+for+protocols+for+the+transfer+of+recombinant+DNA+into+the+genome+of+human+subjects.&rft.au=U.S.+National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.aulast=U.S.+National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=7443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary incontinence in adults AN - 57705656; 9041765 AB - Reports a conference called by 2 leading institutes of health in conjunction with 4 others to resolve issues. 7 central questions are identified and information is presented in relation to these. 11 conclusions are drawn. (PAS) JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society AU - National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference AD - National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Y1 - 1990/03// PY - 1990 DA - March 1990 SP - 265 EP - 272 VL - 38 IS - Mar 90 SN - 0002-8614, 0002-8614 KW - Incontinence KW - Management KW - Urinary incontinence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57705656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.atitle=Urinary+incontinence+in+adults&rft.au=National+Institutes+of+Health+Consensus+Development+Conference&rft.aulast=National+Institutes+of+Health+Consensus+Development+Conference&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=Mar+90&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.issn=00028614&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2001-08-07 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - JAGSAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Management; Urinary incontinence; Incontinence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction of recombinant DNA molecules by the use of a single stranded DNA generated by the polymerase chain reaction: its application to chimeric hepatitis A virus/poliovirus subgenomic cDNA. AN - 79677761; 2156236 AB - In order to study the importance of VP4 in picornavirus replication and translation, we replaced the hepatitis A virus (HAV) VP4 with the poliovirus (PV1) VP4. Using a modification of oligonucleotide site directed mutagenesis and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we created a subgenomic cDNA chimera of hepatitis A virus in which the precise sequences coding for HAV VP4 capsid protein were replaced by the sequences coding for the poliovirus VP4 capsid protein. The method involved the use of PCR primers corresponding to the 3' and 5' ends of the poliovirus VP4 sequence and that had HAV VP4 3' and 5' flanking sequences on their 5'ends. Single stranded DNA of 240 and 242 nt containing the 204 nt coding for the complete poliovirus VP4 were produced by using a limiting amount of one of the primers in a PCR reaction. These single stranded PCR products were used like mutagenic oligonucleotides on a single stranded phagemid containing the first 2070 bases of the HAV genome. Using this technique, we precisely replaced the HAV VP4 gene by the poliovirus VP4 gene as determined by DNA sequencing. The cDNA was transcribed into RNA and translated in vitro. The resulting protein could be precipitated by antibody to poliovirus VP4 but not to HAV VP4. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Wychowski, C AU - Emerson, S U AU - Silver, J AU - Feinstone, S M AD - Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 25 SP - 913 EP - 918 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Capsid Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - DNA, Single-Stranded KW - DNA, Viral KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - VP4 protein, Rotavirus KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Base Sequence KW - Capsid -- genetics KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Mutation KW - DNA, Single-Stranded -- genetics KW - Chimera KW - Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Poliovirus -- genetics KW - Genes, Viral KW - DNA, Recombinant -- chemical synthesis KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Hepatovirus -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79677761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Construction+of+recombinant+DNA+molecules+by+the+use+of+a+single+stranded+DNA+generated+by+the+polymerase+chain+reaction%3A+its+application+to+chimeric+hepatitis+A+virus%2Fpoliovirus+subgenomic+cDNA.&rft.au=Wychowski%2C+C%3BEmerson%2C+S+U%3BSilver%2C+J%3BFeinstone%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Wychowski&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-02-25&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Anal Biochem. 1989 May 1;178(2):239-42 [2751085] Gene. 1989 Apr 15;77(1):51-9 [2744487] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jul 25;17(14):5865 [2548171] Virology. 1983 Jan 15;124(1):144-51 [6186073] Intervirology. 1983;20(1):1-7 [6307916] Methods Enzymol. 1983;100:468-500 [6225933] J Mol Biol. 1969 May 14;41(3):459-72 [4896022] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):3961-5 [1105573] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Anal Biochem. 1979 Oct 1;98(2):305-9 [386835] J Gen Virol. 1981 Dec;57(Pt 2):331-41 [6172556] Intervirology. 1982;18(3):107-27 [6292126] Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6-13 [6312838] DNA. 1984 Dec;3(6):469-77 [6096100] Intervirology. 1984;22(4):218-26 [6096294] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):2143-7 [2984684] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Feb 25;13(4):1103-18 [3858795] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Dec 20;13(24):8765-85 [3001650] Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1076-8 [3461561] J Virol. 1987 Jan;61(1):50-9 [3023706] J Med Virol. 1987 May;22(1):35-44 [3035078] J Virol. 1987 Oct;61(10):3035-9 [3041024] Methods Enzymol. 1987;153:3-11 [3323803] Virology. 1988 May;164(1):176-81 [2452513] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7652-6 [3174659] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 25;17(2):723-33 [2915928] Protein Eng. 1986 Oct-Nov;1(1):67-74 [3507689] Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jul 11;17(13):5404 [2548160] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The nucleotide sequence of major outer membrane protein gene of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar F. AN - 20209246; 8740352 JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Zhang, Y X AU - Morrison, S G AU - Caldwell, H D AD - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, Hamilton, MT 59840. Y1 - 1990/02/25/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 25 SP - 1061 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Chlamydia trachomatis KW - Major outer membrane protein KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20209246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=The+nucleotide+sequence+of+major+outer+membrane+protein+gene+of+Chlamydia+trachomatis+serovar+F.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Y+X%3BMorrison%2C+S+G%3BCaldwell%2C+H+D&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-02-25&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; Major outer membrane protein; Chlamydia trachomatis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental regulation of hepatic testosterone hydroxylases: simultaneous activation and repression of constitutively expressed cytochromes P450 in senescent rats. AN - 79643506; 2306123 AB - The aging process is generally associated with marked decreases in the activities of numerous enzymes as well as lower levels of sex hormones such as testosterone. We therefore examined testosterone metabolism in liver microsomes from individual 3- and 24-month-old male rats. Although the old rats exhibited lower 16 alpha-, 6 beta-, and 2 alpha-hydroxylase activities than the young rats, the old rats had a higher 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity. Immunoquantitation of P450a, a known 7 alpha-hydroxylase, showed that the level of this protein was elevated in the old rats, and was correlated with 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity. The mRNA for P450a was measured with a cDNA probe and its level was fivefold higher in the old rats, whereas levels of mRNA coding for a 6 beta-hydroxylase P450 were markedly decreased. The increased expression of cytochrome P450a demonstrates that the observed common decrease in cytochrome P450-catalyzed activities with senescence is not a universal phenomenon. Thus, constitutive expression of specific cytochrome P450 genes is repressed or activated in senescent rats. JF - Archives of biochemistry and biophysics AU - Robinson, R C AU - Nagata, K AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Rifkind, J AU - Gonzalez, F J AU - Friedman, F K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 15 SP - 42 EP - 46 VL - 277 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9861, 0003-9861 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Steroid Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - testosterone 7-alpha-hydroxylase, hamster KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Aging KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Male KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Steroid Hydroxylases -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Steroid Hydroxylases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79643506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.atitle=Developmental+regulation+of+hepatic+testosterone+hydroxylases%3A+simultaneous+activation+and+repression+of+constitutively+expressed+cytochromes+P450+in+senescent+rats.&rft.au=Robinson%2C+R+C%3BNagata%2C+K%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BRifkind%2C+J%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J%3BFriedman%2C+F+K&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-02-15&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.issn=00039861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - T cells in inductive and effector compartments of the intestinal mucosal immune system of nonhuman primates differ in lymphokine mRNA expression, lymphokine utilization, and regulatory function. AN - 79619598; 1689347 AB - To define further the basis of T cell function in the inductive and effector limbs of the normal intestinal immune system, the capacity of mucosal lymphocytes to produce and use lymphokines and their effects on regulation of Ig production were determined in normal nonhuman primates. Northern blots of RNA from mitogen-activated lamina propria T cells contained more mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-gamma than did mesenteric lymph node T cells. In comparison with lymphocytes from peripheral sites, there was high expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA in both mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria T cells. In studies of lymphokine utilization, T cells from lamina propria had high IL-2-induced but no IL-4-induced proliferative responses. In contrast, mesenteric lymph node T cells had high IL-4-induced and lower IL-2-induced proliferative responses compared with lamina propria T cells. Lamina propria T cells had higher helper activity in PWM-stimulated cultures and exhibited less inhibition by IL-4 than did mesenteric lymph node T cells. These data and previous studies suggest that T cells in an inductive site such as the mesenteric lymph node are a mixed population containing both "naive" cells with low potential for IFN-gamma and IL-2 production and differentiated cells with high potential for IL-4 and IL-5 production. In contrast, the data suggest that T cells in the effector compartment of the lamina propria are comprised primarily of differentiated "memory" cells that produce high levels of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-5, have high helper activity, and have a more limited ability to proliferate in response to lymphokines such as IL-4. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - James, S P AU - Kwan, W C AU - Sneller, M C AD - Mucosal Immunity Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 15 SP - 1251 EP - 1256 VL - 144 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Interleukins KW - 0 KW - Lymphokines KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Concanavalin A KW - 11028-71-0 KW - Interferons KW - 9008-11-1 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Animals KW - Interferons -- genetics KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Gene Expression KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Interleukins -- physiology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer -- immunology KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Lymph Nodes -- cytology KW - Concanavalin A -- pharmacology KW - Macaca -- immunology KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- immunology KW - Lymphokines -- genetics KW - Macaca mulatta -- immunology KW - Lymphokines -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- anatomy & histology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79619598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=T+cells+in+inductive+and+effector+compartments+of+the+intestinal+mucosal+immune+system+of+nonhuman+primates+differ+in+lymphokine+mRNA+expression%2C+lymphokine+utilization%2C+and+regulatory+function.&rft.au=James%2C+S+P%3BKwan%2C+W+C%3BSneller%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on intercellular communication in various clones of mouse epidermal JB6 cells. AN - 79595143; 2297776 AB - We studied gap junctional intercellular communication (IC) in various clones of mouse epidermal JB6 cells and the effect of the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on such communication. JB6 clones used included nonpromotable, promotable, and transformed clones, representing a spectrum in susceptibility to transformation from nontransformed, to initiated (postinitiated), to transformed cells. We used the dye transfer assay and the radioisotope transfer assay, and quantified IC both in homologous pairings, where IC among cells of a single clone was examined, and heterologous pairings, where cells of initiated or transformed clones were paired with cells of a nonpromotable clone. Both pairings showed good IC in the absence of TPA and poor IC in the presence of TPA. However, suppression of IC by TPA was more effective when cells had advanced in promotability. IC was more suppressed by TPA in heterologous pairing than in homologous pairing. These results implied that in advanced stages of promotion, the capability to retain IC with each other (homologous IC) and especially with their nontransformed counterpart (heterologous IC) is progressively lost. Thus we conclude that the interaction of initiated cells and transformed cells with nontransformed cells decreases progressively in this model system for tumor promotion and progression. JF - Cancer research AU - Miki, H AU - Yamadori, I AU - Heine, U I AU - Kenney, S AU - Riggs, C W AU - Rice, J M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/02/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 15 SP - 1324 EP - 1329 VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Radionuclide Imaging KW - Clone Cells -- drug effects KW - Intercellular Junctions -- diagnostic imaging KW - Epidermis -- diagnostic imaging KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Epidermis -- cytology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79595143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Effect+of+12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate+on+intercellular+communication+in+various+clones+of+mouse+epidermal+JB6+cells.&rft.au=Miki%2C+H%3BYamadori%2C+I%3BHeine%2C+U+I%3BKenney%2C+S%3BRiggs%2C+C+W%3BRice%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Miki&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-02-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine (fazarabine, NSC 281272). AN - 79593366; 1688736 AB - A Phase I clinical trial of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine (ara-AC or fazarabine) given as a 72-h continuous infusion on a 21-day cycle was conducted in 27 adult patients with refractory cancer. The major toxicity was reversible granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed at a dose rate of 1.96 mg/m2/h in which Grade IV leukopenia (WBC less than 1,000/mm3) occurred in 4 of 11 patients and Grade IV thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 25,000/mm3) occurred in 3 of 11 patients. Plasma steady-state levels ranged from 0.13 to 0.6 microM for doses of 1.25 to 5.94 mg/m2/h. Mean total body clearance was 647 ml/min/m2. Minor clinical responses were seen in one patient with testicular cancer, one patient with colon cancer, one patient with breast cancer, and one patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Another patient with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary had stable disease during 13 cycles of therapy. Based on the results of this study, the recommended dose for Phase II studies of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine administered as a 72-h continuous infusion is 2.0 mg/m2/h (48 mg/m2/day). JF - Cancer research AU - Surbone, A AU - Ford, H AU - Kelley, J A AU - Ben-Baruch, N AU - Thomas, R V AU - Fine, R AU - Cowan, K H AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 15 SP - 1220 EP - 1225 VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - fazarabine KW - 5V71D8JOKK KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Leukopenia -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Thrombocytopenia -- chemically induced KW - Neutropenia -- chemically induced KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Azacitidine -- therapeutic use KW - Azacitidine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Azacitidine -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasms -- blood KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Azacitidine -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79593366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Phase+I+and+pharmacokinetic+study+of+arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine+%28fazarabine%2C+NSC+281272%29.&rft.au=Surbone%2C+A%3BFord%2C+H%3BKelley%2C+J+A%3BBen-Baruch%2C+N%3BThomas%2C+R+V%3BFine%2C+R%3BCowan%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Surbone&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-02-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary vasculitis with eosinophilia in a patient taking an L-tryptophan preparation. AN - 79590712; 2297208 JF - Annals of internal medicine AU - Travis, W D AU - Kalafer, M E AU - Robin, H S AU - Luibel, F J AD - National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/02/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 15 SP - 301 EP - 303 VL - 112 IS - 4 SN - 0003-4819, 0003-4819 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Female KW - Tryptophan -- adverse effects KW - Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic -- chemically induced KW - Drug Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Eosinophilia -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79590712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Hypersensitivity+pneumonitis+and+pulmonary+vasculitis+with+eosinophilia+in+a+patient+taking+an+L-tryptophan+preparation.&rft.au=Travis%2C+W+D%3BKalafer%2C+M+E%3BRobin%2C+H+S%3BLuibel%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Travis&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-02-15&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00034819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol withdrawal seizures and the NMDA receptor complex. AN - 79731411; 2158451 AB - Prior biochemical and electrophysiological studies have shown that low doses of ethanol inhibited calcium influx through the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor/ionophore. The present data show that chronic ethanol treatment results in an increase in the number of NMDA receptor/ionophore complexes in the hippocampus, a brain area known to be associated with ethanol withdrawal seizure activity. Treatment during withdrawal with NMDA-exacerbated handling induced withdrawal seizures in the ethanol-dependent mice, while administration of the NMDA receptor-associated calcium channel antagonist MK-801 decreased the occurrence and severity of the withdrawal seizures in a dose-dependent manner. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the up-regulation of the NMDA receptor systems following chronic ethanol treatment may mediate the seizures associated with ethanol withdrawal in dependent animals. JF - European journal of pharmacology AU - Grant, K A AU - Valverius, P AU - Hudspith, M AU - Tabakoff, B AD - Unit for Special Projects, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20852. Y1 - 1990/02/13/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 13 SP - 289 EP - 296 VL - 176 IS - 3 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Dibenzocycloheptenes KW - 0 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Dibenzocycloheptenes -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Dibenzocycloheptenes -- pharmacology KW - Alcoholism -- physiopathology KW - Diet KW - Male KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- physiology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- physiopathology KW - Seizures -- physiopathology KW - Ethanol -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79731411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+withdrawal+seizures+and+the+NMDA+receptor+complex.&rft.au=Grant%2C+K+A%3BValverius%2C+P%3BHudspith%2C+M%3BTabakoff%2C+B&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-02-13&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoclonal antibodies against the presynaptic calcium channel antagonist omega-conotoxin GVI A from cone snail poison. AN - 79642139; 2407557 AB - Monoclonal antibodies have been prepared against omega-conotoxin GVI A, a peptide isolated from marine snails of the genus Conus (Conus geographus and Conus magus). This toxin is a blocker of select presynaptic Ca2+ channels in the central nervous system. Antigenic omega-conotoxin GVI A was synthesized as a covalent conjugate with bovine serum albumin and injected s.c. An ELISA assay combined with a competitive inhibition assay was used to select and characterize monoclonal antibodies able to recognize and bind the free toxin. Several of the antibodies were found to block omega-conotoxin GVI A inhibition of 45Ca transport into rat brain synaptosomes and to block omega-conotoxin GVI A binding to membranes from the same preparation. The antibodies recognize native, synthetic toxin, and are useful for analysis of toxin in biological fluids. JF - FEBS letters AU - Tombaccini, D AU - Adeyemo, O M AU - Pollard, H B AU - Feuerstein, G AD - Laboratory of Cell Biology and Genetics, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/02/12/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 12 SP - 71 EP - 75 VL - 261 IS - 1 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - Mollusk Venoms KW - Serum Albumin, Bovine KW - omega-Conotoxin GVIA KW - 92078-76-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Hybridomas -- immunology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Rats KW - Serum Albumin, Bovine -- immunology KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Goldfish KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Antigens -- immunology KW - Synaptosomes -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- biosynthesis KW - Mollusk Venoms -- immunology KW - Mollusk Venoms -- metabolism KW - Mollusk Venoms -- analysis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79642139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+letters&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+antibodies+against+the+presynaptic+calcium+channel+antagonist+omega-conotoxin+GVI+A+from+cone+snail+poison.&rft.au=Tombaccini%2C+D%3BAdeyemo%2C+O+M%3BPollard%2C+H+B%3BFeuerstein%2C+G&rft.aulast=Tombaccini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-12&rft.volume=261&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemosensitivity patterns and expression of human multidrug resistance-associated MDR1 gene by human gastric and colorectal carcinoma cell lines. AN - 79542794; 1967320 AB - We compared the in vitro sensitivity patterns to cytotoxic drugs and expression of the multidrug resistance-associated MDR1 gene (also known as PGY1 gene) in four gastric carcinoma cell lines with those obtained in a panel of 11 colorectal carcinoma cell lines. In addition, we tested the effects of leucovorin on enhancement of fluorinated pyrimidine-induced cytotoxicity. We used a semiautomated tetrazolium dye assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (tetrazolyl blue)] (MTT) to compare the drug sensitivity of the gastric carcinoma cell lines with that of the colorectal carcinoma cell lines. The gastric carcinoma cell lines were more sensitive to some drugs, including doxorubicin and cisplatin, but not to the fluorinated pyrimidines. Addition of leucovorin at a clinically achievable concentration enhanced the cytotoxic effects of both fluorouracil and floxuridine in colorectal carcinoma cell lines, but it enhanced the effects of only floxuridine in gastric carcinoma cell lines. With the use of a slot blot assay, relatively low levels of MDR1 RNA were present in all four gastric carcinoma cell lines, while intermediate or high levels were present in most of the colorectal carcinoma cell lines. In general, our findings reflect clinical experience and may help in the design of clinical trials. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Park, J G AU - Kramer, B S AU - Lai, S L AU - Goldstein, L J AU - Gazdar, A F AD - NCI-Navy Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814. Y1 - 1990/02/07/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 07 SP - 193 EP - 198 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Leucovorin KW - Q573I9DVLP KW - Index Medicus KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Leucovorin -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Drug Synergism KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Drug Resistance KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79542794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Chemosensitivity+patterns+and+expression+of+human+multidrug+resistance-associated+MDR1+gene+by+human+gastric+and+colorectal+carcinoma+cell+lines.&rft.au=Park%2C+J+G%3BKramer%2C+B+S%3BLai%2C+S+L%3BGoldstein%2C+L+J%3BGazdar%2C+A+F&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-07&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The CYP2A3 gene product catalyzes coumarin 7-hydroxylation in human liver microsomes. AN - 79712096; 2322567 AB - Three cDNAs, designated IIA3, IIA3v, and IIA4, coding for P450s in the CYP2A gene subfamily were isolated from a lambda gt11 library prepared from human hepatic mRNA. Only three nucleotide differences and a single amino acid difference, Leu160----His, were found between IIA3 and IIA3v, indicating that they are probably allelic variants. IIA4 displayed 94% amino acid similarity with IIA3 and IIA3v. The three cDNAs were inserted into vaccinia virus, and recombinant viruses were used to infect human hepatoma Hep G2 cells. Only IIA3 was able to produce an enzyme that had a reduced CO-bound spectrum with a lambda max at 450 nm. This expressed enzyme was able to carry out coumarin 7-hydroxylation (turnover number of 15 min-1) and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation. cDNA-expressed IIA3v and IIA4 failed to incorporate heme and were enzymatically inactive. Analysis of IIA proteins in human liver microsomes, using antibody against rat IIA2, revealed two proteins of 49 and 50 kDa, the former of which appeared to correlate with human microsomal coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. A more striking correlation was found between IIA mRNA and enzyme activity. The rat antibody was able to completely abolish coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity in 12 liver samples. In addition, kinetics of coumarin metabolism in two livers were monophasic over the substrate concentration tested. Km values obtained from human liver (2.3 microM) were similar to those obtained from lysates of hepatoma cells expressing IIA3 (3.6-7.1 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Biochemistry AU - Yamano, S AU - Tatsuno, J AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/06/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 06 SP - 1322 EP - 1329 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Coumarins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Coumarins -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79712096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=The+CYP2A3+gene+product+catalyzes+coumarin+7-hydroxylation+in+human+liver+microsomes.&rft.au=Yamano%2C+S%3BTatsuno%2C+J%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Yamano&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-06&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M33317; GENBANK; M33318 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and in vitro transcription of the rat CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes and regional localization of the CYP2A gene subfamily on mouse chromosome 7. AN - 79704996; 2322568 AB - The CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes code for hepatic steroid hydroxylases and differ in their development regulation and expression in male and female rats. In order to explore the mechanism of regulation of these two genes, both genes were isolated and sequenced, their upstream regions compared, and their promoters transcribed in a cell-free system derived from liver. The CYP2A1 gene was completely sequenced and spanned 12,835 bp. The CYP2A2 gene was sequenced except for 1.5 and 12 kbp in the second and fifth introns, respectively. This gene was about 10 kbp longer than CYP2A1. Both genes possess nine exons that displayed overall 93% nucleotide similarity. DNA 4544 and 5529 bp upstream from the CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes, respectively, was also sequenced, and the transcription start sites were determined. Both genes had typical TATA boxes but did not contain CCAAT boxes within -100 bp of their polymerase start sites. CYP2A1, however, contained a reverse CCAAT box between -85 and -90. Search of the Gene Bank revealed a 255 bp region that lies -3 kbp upstream from the transcription start site of CYP2A1 displaying similarity with retrovirus polymerase. Two regions upstream of CYP2A2 were also found that displayed 90% sequence similarity with the consensus long interspersed middle repetitive element (LINE). In addition, an unusual 1.6 kbp inserted sequence was detected between -165 and -1779 bp upstream of the CYP2A2 gene that appears to be a retropseudogene. A nuclear extract derived from adult hepatocytes was used to direct in vitro transcription of the CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 gene promoters. Both genes were accurately transcribed in extracts derived from livers of male and female rats. This result is surprising in view of the fact that the CYP2A1 gene is expressed in adult female rats while the CYP2A2 gene is expressed exclusively in adult males. The CYP2A1 promoter was more actively expressed in both extracts than that of CYP2A2. By analyzing the segregation pattern of CYP2A genes in backcross offspring from an interspecies cross between the laboratory strain NFS/N and the wild mouse Mus musculus musculus, the Cyp2a subfamily was mapped proximal to the Gpi-1 locus near the centromere on chromosome 7. JF - Biochemistry AU - Matsunaga, T AU - Nomoto, M AU - Kozak, C A AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/06/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 06 SP - 1329 EP - 1341 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Steroid Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetic Linkage KW - Animals KW - Multigene Family KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Rats KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Base Sequence KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Mutation KW - Female KW - Male KW - Mice -- genetics KW - Steroid Hydroxylases -- genetics KW - Steroid Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79704996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Structure+and+in+vitro+transcription+of+the+rat+CYP2A1+and+CYP2A2+genes+and+regional+localization+of+the+CYP2A+gene+subfamily+on+mouse+chromosome+7.&rft.au=Matsunaga%2C+T%3BNomoto%2C+M%3BKozak%2C+C+A%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Matsunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-02-06&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M33325; GENBANK; M33313; M34392; M33312 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel mechanism of action of corticotropin releasing factor in rat Leydig cells. AN - 79599442; 2153673 AB - We have recently demonstrated the presence in the rat Leydig cells of a corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor and an inhibitory action of the peptide on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-induced cAMP generation and steroidogenesis. The inhibitory action of CRF was unaffected by pertussis toxin and was completely reversed by 8-bromo-cAMP (Ulisse, S., Fabbri, A., and Dufau, M. L. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 2156-2163). In this study, we have evaluated the participation of protein kinase C in CRF action in the Leydig cells and the level of the gonadotropin signal pathway affected by CRF. Binding of 125I-labeled ovine CRF to Leydig cell membranes was reduced by GTP and guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p), in a dose-dependent manner. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, like CRF, caused time-dependent inhibition of hCG-induced cAMP generation and steroidogenesis. This inhibitory action was reversed by 8-bromo-cAMP. Both CRF and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate did not affect 125I-hCG binding. No additive effects of CRF and the phorbol ester were observed in these studies. CRF caused a rapid translocation of protein kinase C in Leydig cells. Preincubation of cells with protein kinase C inhibitors or TPA-induced depletion of protein kinase C prevented the inhibitory actions of CRF and TPA. CRF and TPA were able to inhibit the stimulation of cAMP and testosterone production by cholera toxin and forskolin. Adenylate cyclase stimulation by Gpp(NH)p, luteinizing hormone + Gpp(NH)p, and NaF in crude membranes or by forskolin and manganese in solubilized membranes, prepared from CRF- and TPA-treated cells, was also markedly inhibited. We conclude that CRF receptors interact with a pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein (possibly Gp) in the Leydig cell and that the inhibitory action of CRF on Leydig cell function is exerted mainly on the catalytic subunit of adenylate cyclase through a direct or indirect action of protein kinase C. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Ulisse, S AU - Fabbri, A AU - Tinajero, J C AU - Dufau, M L AD - Section on Molecular Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 05 SP - 1964 EP - 1971 VL - 265 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate KW - 34273-04-6 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Staurosporine KW - H88EPA0A3N KW - Sphingosine KW - NGZ37HRE42 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Testosterone -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Alkaloids -- pharmacology KW - Sphingosine -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Leydig Cells -- metabolism KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79599442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+novel+mechanism+of+action+of+corticotropin+releasing+factor+in+rat+Leydig+cells.&rft.au=Ulisse%2C+S%3BFabbri%2C+A%3BTinajero%2C+J+C%3BDufau%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Ulisse&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impaired Activation of the Phonological Lexicon: Effects upon Oral Reading AN - 85513004; 9007251 AB - The phonological lexicon is suggested as the storage locus for a phonological representation of each word in a person's vocabulary. It is used in oral reading, spontaneous speech, naming, & repetition. The role of the phonological lexicon in reading was explored in a study of a patient showing impaired access to the phonological lexicon following neurological damage to the left hemisphere. Tests of the integrity of the phonological lexicon included single word production under three conditions: reading aloud, & homophone & rhyme judgment. Single word reading was also evaluated. This patient showed a phonological deficit that affected oral production in all contexts. The deficit appears to involve impaired access to the phonological lexicon, rather than a postlexical output deficit. 2 Tables, 6 Figures, 23 References. B. Annesser Murray JF - Brain and Language AU - Friedman, Rhonda B AU - Kohn, Susan E AD - Cognitive Neuroscience Unit NIH/NINDS, Bldg 10 Rm 5C-422 Bethesda MD 20892 Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 278 EP - 297 VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0093-934X, 0093-934X KW - phonological lexicon role, oral reading, neurologically damaged left hemisphere patient KW - Phonological Analysis (ph11) KW - Oral Reading (or1a) KW - Judgment Tasks (jd1) KW - Language Pathology (la4) KW - article KW - 6410: language-pathological and normal; language-pathological and normal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85513004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+and+Language&rft.atitle=Impaired+Activation+of+the+Phonological+Lexicon%3A+Effects+upon+Oral+Reading&rft.au=Friedman%2C+Rhonda+B%3BKohn%2C+Susan+E&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Rhonda&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+and+Language&rft.issn=0093934X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - BRLGAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Language Pathology (la4); Judgment Tasks (jd1); Oral Reading (or1a); Phonological Analysis (ph11) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflux esophagitis in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. AN - 85244224; pmid-1967239 AB - The incidence of ulcers of the stomach and duodenum and their response to medical therapy, in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is well described. However, reflux esophagitis is less well recognized. In this study we determined the frequency of reflux esophagitis in 122 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and examined their response to medical therapy. Esophageal symptoms, endoscopic abnormalities, or both were present in 61% of patients. Forty-five percent of patients had esophageal symptoms consisting of heartburn, dysphagia, or both. Forty-three percent of patients had endoscopic abnormalities of the esophagus, and 23% demonstrated moderate or severe disease. When sufficient antisecretory medication was administered to lower gastric acid secretion to less than 10 mEq/h in the last hour before the next dose of drug, 67% of the patients with reflux esophagitis responded with complete disappearance of symptoms and normalization of the endoscopic abnormalities. The other 33% of patients required an increase in medication to lower acid output to less than 5 mEq/h in 7% and less than 1 mEq/h in the other 26% to resolve symptoms and signs completely. We conclude that reflux esophagitis occurs in the majority of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and responds well to medical therapy, although one third of patients require intensive antisecretory medication. JF - Gastroenterology AU - Miller, L S AU - Vinayek, R AU - Frucht, H AU - Gardner, J D AU - Jensen, R T AU - Maton, P N AD - Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 341 EP - 346 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0016-5085, 0016-5085 KW - Parasympatholytics KW - Esophagitis, Peptic KW - Human KW - Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Age KW - Omeprazole KW - Female KW - Histamine H2 Antagonists KW - Male UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85244224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Reflux+esophagitis+in+patients+with+Zollinger-Ellison+syndrome.&rft.au=Miller%2C+L+S%3BVinayek%2C+R%3BFrucht%2C+H%3BGardner%2C+J+D%3BJensen%2C+R+T%3BMaton%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gastroenterology&rft.issn=00165085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of change in endoneurial capillary permeability and vascular space during nerve regeneration. AN - 85228145; pmid-2322838 AB - In frog sciatic nerve crushed and allowed to regenerate, an in situ perfusion technique was used to measure the permeability coefficient-surface area product (PS) of endoneurial capillaries to [14C]sucrose and endoneurial vascular space (V) at intervals of 3 days to 12 weeks post-crush. Additionally, the amplitude and latency of the compound action potential (CAP) of the regenerating nerve were also monitored. There was a delayed increase of both PS and V which peaked at 2-3 weeks after the crush and then declined. This is strikingly similar to the pattern seen in transected nerves. Whereas both PS and V reached near normal levels 6 weeks after transection, in regenerating nerves V continued toward normal levels but PS increased again to peak around 9 weeks post-crush. This second peak of PS coincided with a rapid increase of the CAP amplitude and a sharp decline of its latency. As is the case for transected nerves, the initial increase of PS is probably induced by breakdown products of axons or chemical signals from attendant Schwann cells and related to the clearance of debris from the endoneurium. The later increase of PS may be an endoneurial homeostatic mechanism to increase blood-nerve exchange during rapid axonal growth and remyelination. JF - Brain Research AU - Weerasuriya, A AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD. PY - 1990 SP - 135 EP - 139 VL - 510 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Rana pipiens KW - Nerve Crush KW - Animal KW - Action Potentials KW - Sciatic Nerve KW - Nerve Regeneration KW - Capillary Permeability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85228145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+change+in+endoneurial+capillary+permeability+and+vascular+space+during+nerve+regeneration.&rft.au=Weerasuriya%2C+A&rft.aulast=Weerasuriya&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=510&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Directionality in the interpretation of clinical auditory brain stem response measures. AN - 85147198; pmid-2307300 AB - Clinical auditory brain stem response latency measures are conventionally evaluated for abnormality by reference to normative laboratory values in standard deviation units. This note suggests that the directionality of the test hypothesis should be considered when the clinical ABR is evaluated for abnormality at a predetermined level of confidence. JF - Ear and Hearing AU - Sklare, D A AD - National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 29 EP - 30 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0196-0202, 0196-0202 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85147198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear+and+Hearing&rft.atitle=Directionality+in+the+interpretation+of+clinical+auditory+brain+stem+response+measures.&rft.au=Sklare%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Sklare&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear+and+Hearing&rft.issn=01960202&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of collagenase gene expression by okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases. AN - 80372341; 1966042 AB - Human collagenase gene expression is regulated transcriptionally and is inducible by various mitogens in many cell types. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of this response, we examined the effects on collagenase gene expression of okadaic acid, a non-12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type tumor promoter, which induces apparent "activation" of protein kinases by inhibition of protein phosphatases. Steady state levels of collagenase mRNA were markedly increased by okadaic acid treatment. We show that the AP-1 consensus sequence in the collagenase promoter is required for the induction of collagenase gene expression by okadaic acid, even though sequences upstream of the AP-1 consensus site have an additive effect. We also examined the regulation by okadaic acid of expression of the components of the AP-1 complex, c-fos and c-jun. c-fos expression is dramatically stimulated by okadaic acid, whereas c-jun expression is stimulated to a lesser extent. Induction of c-fos gene mRNA occurs through a region known to contain multiple regulatory elements. These results suggest that phosphorylation regulates collagenase gene expression mediated by an AP-1 binding site. JF - Cell regulation AU - Kim, S J AU - Lafyatis, R AU - Kim, K Y AU - Angel, P AU - Fujiki, H AU - Karin, M AU - Sporn, M B AU - Roberts, A B AD - Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 269 EP - 278 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1044-2030, 1044-2030 KW - c-fos KW - c-jun KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Ethers, Cyclic KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Transcription Factors KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - Microbial Collagenase KW - EC 3.4.24.3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Stimulation, Chemical KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Phosphorylation KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Microbial Collagenase -- genetics KW - Microbial Collagenase -- biosynthesis KW - Ethers, Cyclic -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80372341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+regulation&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+collagenase+gene+expression+by+okadaic+acid%2C+an+inhibitor+of+protein+phosphatases.&rft.au=Kim%2C+S+J%3BLafyatis%2C+R%3BKim%2C+K+Y%3BAngel%2C+P%3BFujiki%2C+H%3BKarin%2C+M%3BSporn%2C+M+B%3BRoberts%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+regulation&rft.issn=10442030&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-08-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - c-fos; c-jun N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1980 Jul;20(3):691-9 [7418005] EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1621-6 [3139405] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991-5 [6326095] Nature. 1984 Oct 4-10;311(5985):433-8 [6090941] Nature. 1984 Dec 20-1985 Jan 2;312(5996):716-20 [6334806] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Mar 11;13(5):1431-42 [2987824] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4794-8 [3523478] Cell. 1986 Aug 15;46(4):567-74 [3524858] Cell. 1986 Dec 5;47(5):777-84 [3096578] Cell. 1986 Dec 26;47(6):921-8 [3096580] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1050-7 [2431274] Biochemistry. 1986 Oct 21;25(21):6378-84 [3024708] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4305-16 [3025651] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1272-6 [3029776] Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):741-52 [3034433] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2201-11 [3110603] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2256-66 [3037355] Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156-9 [2440339] Nature. 1987 Sep 3-9;329(6134):81-4 [3306402] EMBO J. 1987 Sep;6(9):2711-7 [3119326] J Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;106(2):311-8 [2828381] Nature. 1988 Mar 10;332(6160):166-71 [3347253] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1768-71 [3126494] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7206-10 [2845402] Pflugers Arch. 1988 Aug;412(3):248-52 [2847114] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(22):8526-30 [2847164] Nature. 1989 Jan 5;337(6202):78-81 [2562908] Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):563-72 [2492906] Nature. 1989 Feb 23;337(6209):749-52 [2521922] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 31;159(3):939-44 [2930574] J Clin Invest. 1989 Apr;83(4):1267-76 [2784799] Oncogene. 1989 May;4(5):629-36 [2498806] FEBS Lett. 1989 Jul 3;250(2):615-8 [2546815] EMBO J. 1989 Jun;8(6):1785-92 [2504586] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 23;15(24):10145-58 [3320962] Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1010-6 [3130660] Genes Dev. 1988 Apr;2(4):394-402 [2453393] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 May 31;153(1):156-61 [2837197] Nature. 1988 Jul 28;334(6180):314-9 [2839774] Cell. 1988 Aug 12;54(4):541-52 [3135940] Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 [6960240] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenesis. AN - 80347754; 2095219 JF - Current opinion in oncology AU - Dipple, A AD - BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 129 EP - 133 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1040-8746, 1040-8746 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80347754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+oncology&rft.atitle=Carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Dipple%2C+A&rft.aulast=Dipple&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+oncology&rft.issn=10408746&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-10 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Angel dust and other antagonists. Neurobiology of the NMDA Receptor: from Chemistry to Clinic, sponsored by the Society for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, October 27-28, 1989. AN - 80313372; 1982069 JF - The New biologist AU - Paul, I A Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 139 EP - 141 VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Phencyclidine KW - J1DOI7UV76 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Amino Acids -- metabolism KW - Binding Sites KW - Phencyclidine -- toxicity KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- drug effects KW - Phencyclidine -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80313372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Angel+dust+and+other+antagonists.+Neurobiology+of+the+NMDA+Receptor%3A+from+Chemistry+to+Clinic%2C+sponsored+by+the+Society+for+Neuroscience%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh%2C+Pittsburgh%2C+PA%2C+USA%2C+October+27-28%2C+1989.&rft.au=Paul%2C+I+A&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of the multidrug resistance gene in regenerating rat liver. AN - 80307766; 1982215 AB - The MDR1 gene encodes an Mr 170,000 energy-dependent drug efflux pump (P-glycoprotein) which transports hydrophobic agents such as Adriamycin, colchicine, the Vinca alkaloids, and actinomycin D out of cells. Increased expression of the mdr gene has been observed in preneoplastic and neoplastic carcinogen-induced rat liver nodules as well as in regenerating rat liver, suggesting that the mdr gene is regulated in response to liver injury. To determine whether the increased levels of mdr mRNA seen in regenerating liver are the result of an increased rate of transcription or a posttranscriptional event, nuclear run-on assays were performed on nuclei isolated from regenerating rat livers 4-72 h after partial hepatectomy. Whereas Northern blot analysis of regenerating rat liver demonstrated a greater than 20-fold increase in mdr mRNA levels, there was little or no increase in mdr gene transcription as measured by nuclear run-on analyses. beta-Actin and metallothionein gene transcription levels, known to increase transiently in regenerating liver, both showed increased nuclear run-on activity 4 h posthepatectomy, indicating that the nuclei were functional. Failure to demonstrate a substantial increase in mdr gene transcription suggests that the observed increase in mdr mRNA levels may result from a posttranscriptional event such as message stabilization. The sequence of the 3' noncoding region of the MDR1 gene shares strong homology with other unstable mRNAs, suggesting that RNA stabilization could account for the rise of mdr mRNA after partial hepatectomy. JF - Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Marino, P A AU - Gottesman, M M AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 57 EP - 62 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1044-9523, 1044-9523 KW - MDR1 KW - mdr KW - Actins KW - 0 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Metallothionein -- genetics KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Biological Transport, Active KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Rats KW - Base Sequence KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Actins -- genetics KW - Hepatectomy KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- biosynthesis KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Carrier Proteins -- genetics KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Liver Regeneration KW - Carrier Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80307766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+the+multidrug+resistance+gene+in+regenerating+rat+liver.&rft.au=Marino%2C+P+A%3BGottesman%2C+M+M%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Marino&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+growth+%26+differentiation+%3A+the+molecular+biology+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10449523&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - MDR1; mdr N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spasmodic dysphonia: botulinum toxin injection after recurrent nerve surgery. AN - 79843210; 2113236 AB - The purpose of this study was to determine if botulinum toxin injections into the thyroarytenoid muscle would reduce symptoms in adductor spasmodic dysphonic patients who had experienced symptom recurrence after recurrent laryngeal nerve surgery. Five patients were seen between 3 to 10 years after surgery with a return of speech symptoms and persistent unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Before injection, comparisons with controls on spectrographic measures of pitch and voice breaks, aperiodicity, and sentence length demonstrated significant symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia (p less than or equal to 0.02). Electromyographic measures demonstrated equal levels of thyroarytenoid muscle activation on the operated and non-operated sides with bipolar needle electrodes, and heightened activity in both muscles relative to normal. Therefore, symptom return was associated with thyroarytenoid innervation after recurrent nerve surgery. In all patients, the thyroarytenoid muscle on the side operated on was injected with type A botulinum toxin. In two patients, toxin was also injected on the side not operated on. Significant (p less than or equal to 0.002) reductions in all speech symptoms occurred after injection. Electromyographic measures demonstrated significant reductions in the percent activation levels of both the injected muscle and noninjected muscles (p less than or equal to 0.01). Botulinum toxin injections were an effective treatment of post-surgical symptom recurrence in adductor spasmodic dysphonia. JF - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery AU - Ludlow, C L AU - Naunton, R F AU - Fujita, M AU - Sedory, S E AD - Speech and Voice Unit, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 122 EP - 131 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Injections, Intramuscular KW - Adult KW - Sound Spectrography KW - Laryngeal Muscles -- drug effects KW - Electromyography KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Spasm -- therapy KW - Male KW - Female KW - Botulinum Toxins -- administration & dosage KW - Botulinum Toxins -- therapeutic use KW - Laryngeal Nerves -- surgery KW - Botulinum Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve -- surgery KW - Voice Disorders -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79843210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Spasmodic+dysphonia%3A+botulinum+toxin+injection+after+recurrent+nerve+surgery.&rft.au=Ludlow%2C+C+L%3BNaunton%2C+R+F%3BFujita%2C+M%3BSedory%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Ludlow&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurochemical substrates of human aging and dementia. AN - 79761681; 2186413 AB - Further development of clinical models of dementia to augment present unsatisfactory animal models, is of central importance to the understanding of the neurochemistry of dementia. Furthermore, present definitions of the neurotoxic processes underlying dementing disorders will need to be improved. Routine clinical markers will be necessary for the development of any therapy beyond present attempts for symptomatic treatment with neurotransmitter replacement. JF - Pharmacopsychiatry AU - Mohr, E AU - Carter, C AU - Wallin, A AD - Medical Neurology Branch, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 53 EP - 55 VL - 23 Suppl 2 SN - 0176-3679, 0176-3679 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Alzheimer Disease -- drug therapy KW - Alzheimer Disease -- psychology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- metabolism KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Brain Chemistry KW - Dementia -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79761681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacopsychiatry&rft.atitle=Neurochemical+substrates+of+human+aging+and+dementia.&rft.au=Mohr%2C+E%3BCarter%2C+C%3BWallin%2C+A&rft.aulast=Mohr&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=23+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacopsychiatry&rft.issn=01763679&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uveitis and immune responses in primates immunized with IRBP-derived synthetic peptides. AN - 79757684; 2335115 AB - Monkeys immunized with bovine IRBP-derived synthetic peptides R4 (sequence 1158-1180) or R14 (1169-1191) developed EAU which was detected by both clinical and histological examinations. The inflammation localized mainly in the choroid, with only minor changes being noticed in the adjacent retinal tissue. EAU developed in only one of the two monkeys immunized with each of the peptides and the animals with disease also showed higher levels of cellular immunity toward the immunizing peptide than did the monkeys with no disease. The cellular immune responses, measured by the lymphocyte proliferation assay, were specific toward the immunizing peptides, with no cross responsiveness to whole IRBP. This finding suggests that the two uveitogenic peptides were non-immunodominant in the tested monkeys. In contrast, peptide R14 is highly immunodominant in the Lewis rat. Also, the fine specificity of the monkey response to R14 differed from that of the Lewis rat. The possible genetic control of the monkey susceptibility to EAU induction by the peptides is discussed and the unique finding of an autoimmune disease induction by a non-immunodominant peptide is underscored. JF - Current eye research AU - Sanui, H AU - Redmond, T M AU - Kotake, S AU - Wiggert, B AU - Tanaka, T AU - Chader, G J AU - Gery, I AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 193 EP - 199 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3683, 0271-3683 KW - Eye Proteins KW - 0 KW - Peptides KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins KW - interstitial retinol-binding protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Fundus Oculi KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred Lew KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Macaca KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Antibody Formation KW - Choroid -- drug effects KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Retina -- immunology KW - Choroid -- immunology KW - Peptides -- chemical synthesis KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins -- immunology KW - Uveitis, Posterior -- chemically induced KW - Uveitis, Posterior -- pathology KW - Peptides -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79757684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+eye+research&rft.atitle=Uveitis+and+immune+responses+in+primates+immunized+with+IRBP-derived+synthetic+peptides.&rft.au=Sanui%2C+H%3BRedmond%2C+T+M%3BKotake%2C+S%3BWiggert%2C+B%3BTanaka%2C+T%3BChader%2C+G+J%3BGery%2C+I&rft.aulast=Sanui&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+eye+research&rft.issn=02713683&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G, carbocyclic oxetanocin analogs that inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in T cells and monocytes and macrophages in vitro. AN - 79726003; 2327778 AB - Two newly synthesized carbocyclic oxetanocin analogs, (+/-)-9-[(1 beta,2 alpha,3 beta)-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-cyclobutyl]adenine (cyclobut-A) and (+/-)-9-[(1 beta,2 alpha,3 beta)-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-cyclobutyl]guanine (cyclobut-G) were tested for activity against the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. A number of other carbocyclic oxetanocin analogs failed to exert good antiretroviral effects. Both cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G protected CD4+ ATH8 cells against the infectivity and cytopathic effect of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and suppressed proviral DNA synthesis in ATH8 cells exposed to HIV-1 in vitro at concentrations of 50 to 100 microM. These compounds also inhibited the in vitro infectivity of another human pathogenic retrovirus, HIV-2. Furthermore, both compounds completely suppressed the replication of a monocytotropic strain of HIV-1 in monocytes and macrophages at concentrations as low as 0.5 microM, as assessed by inhibition of HIV-1 p24 gag protein production. We also found that 2'-deoxyguanosine readily reversed the antiretroviral activity of cyclobut-G in our system, whereas the activity of cyclobut-A was hardly reversed by 2'-deoxyadenosine or 2'-deoxycytidine. We noted, however, that these compounds inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells at concentrations of greater than or equal to 100 microM in vitro. Although both cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G appear to have a certain level of in vitro toxicity, our observations may have theoretical and clinical implications in understanding the structure-activity relationships of antiretroviral agents active against HIV. JF - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy AU - Hayashi, S AU - Norbeck, D W AU - Rosenbrook, W AU - Fine, R L AU - Matsukura, M AU - Plattner, J J AU - Broder, S AU - Mitsuya, H AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 287 EP - 294 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Mitogens KW - Nucleosides KW - oxetanocin KW - 103913-16-2 KW - cyclobut A KW - 124770-85-0 KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - lobucavir KW - 8U5PYQ1R2E KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - Nucleosides -- metabolism KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Humans KW - Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophage Activation -- drug effects KW - Macrophages -- microbiology KW - HIV-2 -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- microbiology KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - HIV-2 -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- microbiology KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects KW - Guanine -- pharmacology KW - Adenine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79726003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Cyclobut-A+and+cyclobut-G%2C+carbocyclic+oxetanocin+analogs+that+inhibit+the+replication+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+in+T+cells+and+monocytes+and+macrophages+in+vitro.&rft.au=Hayashi%2C+S%3BNorbeck%2C+D+W%3BRosenbrook%2C+W%3BFine%2C+R+L%3BMatsukura%2C+M%3BPlattner%2C+J+J%3BBroder%2C+S%3BMitsuya%2C+H&rft.aulast=Hayashi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6127-31 [3261865] Lancet. 1988 Feb 20;1(8582):421 [2893226] J Exp Med. 1988 Sep 1;168(3):1111-25 [2844951] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 31;156(2):1046-53 [2847711] Nature. 1989 Jan 26;337(6205):370-3 [2463490] Ann Intern Med. 1989 Feb 1;110(3):189-94 [2536257] Science. 1989 Mar 31;243(4899):1731-4 [2467383] Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):412-5 [2502840] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Aug;36(2):291-5 [2549385] Biochem Pharmacol. 1962 Jun;11:423-30 [13879359] Biochem Pharmacol. 1964 Jul;13:989-94 [14201141] J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503-17 [1195397] Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497-500 [6200935] JAMA. 1984 Jul 6;252(1):72-7 [6328055] Nature. 1984 Nov 8-14;312(5990):166-9 [6095086] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(20):7096-100 [2413459] Lancet. 1986 Mar 15;1(8481):575-80 [2869302] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1911-5 [3006077] Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215-9 [3014648] Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):343-6 [2425430] J Clin Oncol. 1987 Mar;5(3):489-95 [3819811] Nature. 1987 Feb 26-Mar 4;325(6107):773-8 [2434858] JAMA. 1987 May 15;257(19):2617-21 [3494857] Biochem Pharmacol. 1987 Jun 1;36(11):1765-8 [3107569] N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 23;317(4):185-91 [3299089] N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 23;317(4):192-7 [3299090] J Clin Invest. 1987 Aug;80(2):394-400 [3038956] J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1987 Jul;40(7):1077-8 [3650259] Lancet. 1988 Jan 16;1(8577):76-81 [2891981] J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 25;263(30):15354-7 [3262616] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alcoholism and panic disorder: is the comorbidity more than coincidence? AN - 79723575; 2183544 AB - Studies on alcoholic patients have found a higher than expected prevalence of panic disorder, and suggest a positive correlation between the level of alcohol consumption and severity of anxiety. Conversely, there is an increased prevalence of alcoholism among patients with panic disorder and their blood relatives. A comparison of symptoms, physiological and neurochemical changes known to occur in both alcohol withdrawal and panic disorder reveals a degree of similarity between the 2 conditions. Based on the data, we propose that the chemical and cognitive changes occurring as the result of repeated alcohol withdrawals may kindle and condition coincidence of panic attacks in susceptible individuals. Implications of our postulates for treatment of alcohol withdrawal and panic disorder in alcoholics and for future studies are discussed. JF - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica AU - George, D T AU - Nutt, D J AU - Dwyer, B A AU - Linnoila, M AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Clinical Studies, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 97 EP - 107 VL - 81 IS - 2 SN - 0001-690X, 0001-690X KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Norepinephrine -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- physiology KW - Hippocampus -- physiopathology KW - Kindling, Neurologic -- physiology KW - Panic -- physiology KW - Fear -- physiology KW - Alcoholism -- physiopathology KW - Anxiety Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Alcoholism -- complications KW - Anxiety Disorders -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79723575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=Alcoholism+and+panic+disorder%3A+is+the+comorbidity+more+than+coincidence%3F&rft.au=George%2C+D+T%3BNutt%2C+D+J%3BDwyer%2C+B+A%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=0001690X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concurrent and simultaneous use of alcohol with cocaine: results of national survey. AN - 79704332; 2323315 AB - The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the concurrent and simultaneous use of alcohol and cocaine in the general population and to examine differences in these rates between important sociodemographic subgroups. The results indicated that a sizable proportion of Americans were engaged in both substance use patterns. The population estimate for simultaneous use of both substances (i.e., simultaneously or on the same occasion) was approximately 4 million for the month preceding the interview, rising to approximately 9 million when the past year timeframe was considered. Corresponding figures for the concurrent use of alcohol and cocaine (i.e., use of both substances during the same time period) were approximately 5 million during the past month and 12 million during the past year. The extent of each substance use practice varied as a function of sociodemographic factors. Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the need for age-sex-ethnic-specific prevention strategies. The need for future analytic epidemiologic research to determine the precise relationship between dose, frequency and duration of concurrent and simultaneous use and each adverse consequence is emphasized. The need for longitudinal research in the general population is also highlighted. JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Grant, B F AU - Harford, T C AD - Division of Biometry and Epidemiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 97 EP - 104 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Alcoholism -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79704332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Concurrent+and+simultaneous+use+of+alcohol+with+cocaine%3A+results+of+national+survey.&rft.au=Grant%2C+B+F%3BHarford%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-report vs. laboratory measures of aggression as predictors of substance abuse. AN - 79701907; 2323302 AB - Measures of aggressive behavior, antisocial personality, criminality, and impulsivity were obtained on a sample of 85 drug abusing volunteers for studies at the Addiction Research Center in Baltimore. Measures included the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Diagnostic Interview Schedule Antisocial Personality Disorder diagnosis, Elliott-Huizinga Lifetime Events Scale, Eysenck's Impulsiveness-Venturesomeness-Empathy scales, and a laboratory measure of aggression patterned after the Buss 'aggression machine'. All of the self-report measures of aggression and antisocial personality were moderately correlated with each other, but did not correlate with the laboratory aggression measure. This laboratory measure, nevertheless, made a significant contribution to the prediction of certain substance abuse diagnoses over and above the contributions of the other measures. JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Muntaner, C AU - Walter, D AU - Nagoshi, C AU - Fishbein, D AU - Haertzen, C A AU - Jaffe, J H AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hostility KW - Impulsive Behavior -- psychology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Antisocial Personality Disorder -- psychology KW - Psychometrics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Personality Tests KW - Aggression -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79701907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Self-report+vs.+laboratory+measures+of+aggression+as+predictors+of+substance+abuse.&rft.au=Muntaner%2C+C%3BWalter%2C+D%3BNagoshi%2C+C%3BFishbein%2C+D%3BHaertzen%2C+C+A%3BJaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Muntaner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical pharmacology of antiepileptic drugs. Selected topics. AN - 79699256; 2181266 AB - This article illustrates basic principles of clinical pharmacology presented in article 1 with specific examples from the treatment of seizure disorders. The discussion includes protein binding, the role of a major carbamazepine metabolite, alterations in pharmacology of AEDs in the elderly, and AED withdrawal. The last topic, in particular, is a good example of the interaction of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in explaining the clinical effects of a drug. JF - Neurologic clinics AU - Theodore, W H AD - Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorder, and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 177 EP - 191 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0733-8619, 0733-8619 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Middle Aged KW - Anticonvulsants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Anticonvulsants -- adverse effects KW - Epilepsy -- metabolism KW - Epilepsy -- drug therapy KW - Anticonvulsants -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79699256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurologic+clinics&rft.atitle=Clinical+pharmacology+of+antiepileptic+drugs.+Selected+topics.&rft.au=Theodore%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Theodore&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurologic+clinics&rft.issn=07338619&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal and perinatal antecedents of febrile seizures. AN - 79691624; 2317009 AB - We examined prenatal and perinatal characteristics as possible risk factors for febrile seizures in a large pediatric population. Family history was among the few identified factors that made an important contribution to vulnerability to febrile seizures; however, no more than 6% of febrile seizures could be attributed to a characteristic of family history. Maternal illness, smoking history, and a few rare neonatal characteristics were associated with increases in risk. No complication of labor or delivery was an important risk factor for febrile seizures. JF - Annals of neurology AU - Nelson, K B AU - Ellenberg, J H AD - Neuroepidemiology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 127 EP - 131 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0364-5134, 0364-5134 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Delivery, Obstetric KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - Humans KW - Anticonvulsants -- adverse effects KW - Obstetric Labor Complications KW - Seizures -- drug therapy KW - Glomerulonephritis -- complications KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant KW - Smoking KW - Seizures -- complications KW - Social Class KW - Risk Factors KW - Maternal Age KW - Family KW - Female KW - Seizures, Febrile -- epidemiology KW - Seizures, Febrile -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79691624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+neurology&rft.atitle=Prenatal+and+perinatal+antecedents+of+febrile+seizures.&rft.au=Nelson%2C+K+B%3BEllenberg%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+neurology&rft.issn=03645134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association between soft tissue sarcomas, malignant lymphomas, and phenoxy herbicides/chlorophenols: evidence from occupational cohort studies. AN - 79690719; 2180763 AB - Some case-control studies have reported a significant association between occupational use of phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols and soft-tissue sarcomas and malignant lymphomas. However, persons who spray or apply these substances are concomitantly exposed to other potentially carcinogenic chemicals and oncogenic viruses, which have been found or suspected to play a role in the etiology of these tumors. No study has thoroughly controlled for these other exposures, some of which have been shown to be independently associated with these tumors even after controlling for exposure to phenoxy acids or chlorophenols. On the other hand, it has been found that an observed risk from exposure to phenoxy herbicides disappeared on controlling for some of these concomitant exposures in the rare instance this was attempted. Also, on several occasions, an association has been observed with occupations in which exposure to phenoxys and chlorophenols may occur, but not with the compounds themselves. Accordingly, a detailed review of the evidence from occupational cohort studies was conducted, to see if it corroborates that from case-control studies. It was found that the evidence does not unequivocally incriminate phenoxys and chlorophenols as a cause of these tumors. The results obtained with cohort studies of sprayers and applicators do not corroborate the association reported among this occupational group, in case-control studies. It is possible that the suspected association may well be due, partly or wholly, to one or more of the other concomitant exposures. However, in view of the fact that the majority of the cohorts need further follow-up to be informative, it is concluded that further studies of these cohorts are required before it can be determined whether or not these tumors are caused by exposure to phenoxy acids and chlorophenols. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Johnson, E S AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 219 EP - 234 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Chlorophenols KW - 0 KW - Glycolates KW - Herbicides KW - Phenoxyacetates KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Chemical Industry KW - Lymphoma -- mortality KW - Phenoxyacetates -- poisoning KW - Chlorophenols -- poisoning KW - Soft Tissue Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Sarcoma -- mortality KW - Herbicides -- poisoning KW - Soft Tissue Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Glycolates -- poisoning KW - Lymphoma -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Sarcoma -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79690719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Association+between+soft+tissue+sarcomas%2C+malignant+lymphomas%2C+and+phenoxy+herbicides%2Fchlorophenols%3A+evidence+from+occupational+cohort+studies.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunological studies in tropical spastic paraparesis. AN - 79689645; 2317010 AB - Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and other chronic-progressive myelopathies have been clearly associated with increased serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibody titers to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). However, little is known about the cellular immune function in TSP. In the present study, activated T lymphocytes were found in the peripheral blood of patients with TSP. Specifically, there were increased numbers of large CD3+ cells that also expressed HLA-DR and interleukin-2-receptor molecules. A significantly elevated spontaneous lymphoproliferative response was demonstrated in all patients tested. Generation of measles virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell response was reduced in 4 of 4 patients. This was similar to previous findings in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, unlike multiple sclerosis, reduced generation of cytotoxic T-cell response to influenza and mumps viruses was observed in 2 of 4 patients. These observations confirm further the strong association between TSP and an HTLV-I-like virus and suggest that the observed abnormalities of the cellular immune response in TSP are related to infection of lymphocytes by the retrovirus. JF - Annals of neurology AU - Jacobson, S AU - Gupta, A AU - Mattson, D AU - Mingioli, E AU - McFarlin, D E AD - Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 149 EP - 156 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0364-5134, 0364-5134 KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - 0 KW - HTLV-I Antibodies KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic -- immunology KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- immunology KW - HTLV-I Antibodies -- metabolism KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79689645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+neurology&rft.atitle=Immunological+studies+in+tropical+spastic+paraparesis.&rft.au=Jacobson%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+A%3BMattson%2C+D%3BMingioli%2C+E%3BMcFarlin%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+neurology&rft.issn=03645134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic toxicity of tetrahydrofuran vapors in rats and mice. AN - 79688203; 2318358 AB - Tetrahydrofuran (THF), a four-carbon, cyclic ether, is widely used as an industrial solvent. Groups of 10 rats and mice of each sex were administered THF vapor by whole body inhalation for 13 weeks at exposure concentrations of 0, 66, 200, 600, 1800, and 5000 ppm. The body weights and survival were not affected by THF exposure, except in male mice at 5000 ppm concentration which had reduced weight and three deaths. Clinical signs of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity were observed in both rats and mice at high dose levels. Rats of both sexes exposed to 5000 ppm were ataxic and mice exposed to 1800 or 5000 ppm appeared to be in a state of narcosis. There were no exposure-related gross necropsy findings in rats or mice. At 5000 ppm, decreases in thymic and spleen weights in rats and mice of both sexes and increases in liver weights in both sexes of mice and in female rats were observed. A minimal to mild centrilobular hepatocytomegaly occurred in male and female mice exposed to 5000 ppm THF. Atrophy of the uterus and degeneration of the X zone in the adrenal cortex occurred in female mice exposed to 5000 ppm THF. THF exposure of rats was associated with minimal to mild acanthosis and inflammation in the forestomach. In conclusion, these studies suggest that THF, like other commonly used organic solvents, causes narcosis in rats and mice. Although minimal exposure-related effects were seen in the liver of both species, morphologic changes were present only in mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Chhabra, R S AU - Elwell, M R AU - Chou, B AU - Miller, R A AU - Renne, R A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 338 EP - 345 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Furans KW - 0 KW - tetrahydrofuran KW - 3N8FZZ6PY4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sex Factors KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Stomach -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Hematologic Tests KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Furans -- administration & dosage KW - Furans -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79688203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Subchronic+toxicity+of+tetrahydrofuran+vapors+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Chhabra%2C+R+S%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BChou%2C+B%3BMiller%2C+R+A%3BRenne%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Chhabra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rapid method for site-specific mutagenesis and directional subcloning by using the polymerase chain reaction to generate recombinant circles. AN - 79688102; 2180450 AB - Site-specific mutagenesis and directional subcloning were accomplished by using the polymerase chain reaction to generate products that can recombine to form circular DNA. This DNA was transfected into E. coli without phosphorylation of primers, restriction enzyme digestion or ligation. Specifically, the polymerase chain reaction was used to generate products that when combined, denatured and reannealed, form double-stranded DNA with discrete, cohesive single-stranded ends. The generation of these cohesive ends of DNA permits the formation of precise, directional DNA joints without dependence on enzyme restriction sites. The primers were designed such that these cohesive single-stranded ends annealed to form circular DNA. The recombinant of interest was generated following only 14 amplification cycles. These recombinant circles of DNA were directly transfected into E. coli. In the mutagenesis protocol, the desired mutant was obtained at 83%-100% efficiency. Unwanted mutations were not detected, indicating a less than 0.025% nucleotide misincorporation frequency. In the directional subcloning protocol, inserts were positioned precisely in the recipient plasmid and were in the correct orientation. One unwanted mutation was detected after sequencing 900 bases, indicating a 0.11% nucleotide misincorporation frequency. Each manipulation, from setting up for the DNA amplification to transfection into E. coli. can easily be accomplished in one day. JF - BioTechniques AU - Jones, D H AU - Howard, B H AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 178 EP - 183 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0736-6205, 0736-6205 KW - DNA, Circular KW - 0 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - DNA, Circular -- genetics KW - Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - DNA, Recombinant -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79688102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioTechniques&rft.atitle=A+rapid+method+for+site-specific+mutagenesis+and+directional+subcloning+by+using+the+polymerase+chain+reaction+to+generate+recombinant+circles.&rft.au=Jones%2C+D+H%3BHoward%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collaborative investigation of adult children of alcoholics with anxiety. AN - 79687222; 2317100 AB - The literature reports an increased incidence of anxiety disorders in alcoholic families. Whether anxiety is a complication of alcoholism or a precursor to alcohol abuse is not understood. Studies suggest that there are psychological as well as genetic components in substance abuse and anxiety disorders. The purpose of this paper is to describe a collaborative effort designed to explore the complex interaction between the etiologic factors that lead to anxiety and substance abuse. This collaboration brings together the unique perspectives of both psychiatric medicine and psychiatric nursing. JF - Archives of psychiatric nursing AU - Haack, M R AD - National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 62 EP - 66 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0883-9417, 0883-9417 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Family -- psychology KW - Anxiety Disorders -- etiology KW - Patient Care Team KW - Nursing Research KW - Psychiatric Nursing KW - Anxiety Disorders -- nursing KW - Alcoholism -- genetics KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79687222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+psychiatric+nursing&rft.atitle=Collaborative+investigation+of+adult+children+of+alcoholics+with+anxiety.&rft.au=Haack%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Haack&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+psychiatric+nursing&rft.issn=08839417&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF 103-126) enhances volume- and pressor-induced heart rate response in the conscious rat. AN - 79684195; 2138404 AB - The reduction in blood pressure due to ANF(103-126) fails to elicit reflex cardioacceleration in the conscious rat. To examine baroreflex sensitivity, the effect of ANF(103-126) on the heart period (HP) response to rapid central volume expansion and to alterations in mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by bolus injections of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside was assessed. ANF(103-126) significantly augmented the bradycardic response induced by acute volume expansion from 426 +/- 21 to 391 +/- 23 beats min-1 versus 421 +/- 23 to 405 +/- 24 without ANF(103-126). Baroreflex sensitivity was defined by the ratio of the change in heart period to the maximal change in mean arterial pressure. The dose of ANF(103-126) utilized did not affect basal heart rate or the magnitude of the mean arterial pressure response to phenylephrine but did significantly enhance the nitroprusside-induced decrease in mean arterial pressure. Baroreceptor sensitivity to phenylephrine was significantly increased by ANF(103-126): 0.997 +/- 0.07 (ms mmHg-1) during ANF(103-126) vs 0.613 +/- 0.08 during vehicle. The total duration of the heart rate response to phenylephrine was also prolonged. In contrast, ANF(103-126) did not alter the baroreceptor sensitivity (1.45 +/- 0.3 vs 1.43 +/- 0.2 ms mmHg-1) or duration of heart rate response to nitroprusside. In the conscious rat, ANF(103-126) modifies the heart rate response to changes in mean arterial pressure and acute central volume expansion. This action appears to be dependent on stimulation of cardiac vagal afferents. JF - Acta physiologica Scandinavica AU - Marks, E S AU - Ohman, K P AU - Keiser, H R AD - Hypertension-Endocrine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 161 EP - 165 VL - 138 IS - 2 SN - 0001-6772, 0001-6772 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - 0 KW - atrial natriuretic peptide, rat KW - Nitroprusside KW - 169D1260KM KW - Phenylephrine KW - 1WS297W6MV KW - Atrial Natriuretic Factor KW - 85637-73-6 KW - atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (103-126) KW - 97793-28-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Consciousness KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Vagus Nerve -- drug effects KW - Nitroprusside -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Phenylephrine -- pharmacology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Peptide Fragments -- pharmacology KW - Atrial Natriuretic Factor -- pharmacology KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Blood Volume -- physiology KW - Pressoreceptors -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79684195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+physiologica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=Atrial+natriuretic+factor+%28ANF+103-126%29+enhances+volume-+and+pressor-induced+heart+rate+response+in+the+conscious+rat.&rft.au=Marks%2C+E+S%3BOhman%2C+K+P%3BKeiser%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+physiologica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=00016772&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of tobacco in alcoholism and illicit drug use. AN - 79683841; 2180511 AB - Survey data from the United States indicate that tobacco use is associated with the initiation of use of other addicting substances, and that increasing levels of tobacco use are associated with increasing levels of use of other psychoactive substances. Furthermore, factors affecting initiation, abstinence, and relapse to the use of tobacco, alcohol, and opioids are similar in nature. In addition, there are similarities in the addictive process underlying the use of these substances. Taken together, these data suggest that tobacco use is involved, possibly more than by simple association, in the use of other substances containing psychoactive chemicals. In the present paper we discuss the involvement of tobacco in the use of alcohol, opioids, cocaine, and other substances, as well as some of the implications of these observations for researchers and clinicians. One such implication is that it may be possible to use tobacco and nicotine as models for phenomena of interest to other substance use researchers. For example, drug abuse treatment and prevention strategies could be explored using tobacco use as a target behavior, and biological phenomena such as the development of tolerance and physical dependence may be more readily studied with nicotine than with many other drugs. Certain pharmacologic differences across substances are also discussed in light of their implications for development of treatment and drug control policies. JF - British journal of addiction AU - Henningfield, J E AU - Clayton, R AU - Pollin, W AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 279 EP - 291 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0952-0481, 0952-0481 KW - Street Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Smoking -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79683841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+addiction&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+tobacco+in+alcoholism+and+illicit+drug+use.&rft.au=Henningfield%2C+J+E%3BClayton%2C+R%3BPollin%2C+W&rft.aulast=Henningfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=British+journal+of+addiction&rft.issn=09520481&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The rat P450 IID subfamily: complete sequences of four closely linked genes and evidence that gene conversions maintained sequence homogeneity at the heme-binding region of the cytochrome P450 active site. AN - 79674623; 2107330 AB - Four genes in the P450 IID gene subfamily were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rat lambda EMBL 3 and Charon 4A genomic libraries and completely sequenced. Their transcription start sites were determined by primer extension analysis. The four genes designated IID2, IID3, IID4, and IID5 span 4036, 4371, 4678, and 4567 bp, respectively, and are closely linked head to tail on a 60-kb segment of DNA. All IID genes contained nine exons, and interestingly, the IID2, IID3, and IID4 genes possessed an atypical GC5' splice junction in intron 2. All four genes are transcribed, however, IID4 mRNA is produced at a level of less than one-tenth of those of IID2, IID3, and IID5. The exonic regions of these genes displayed from 79 to 84% sequence similarties. Several regions of extremely high nucleotide similarity were found within the introns, exons, and in the flanking regions of the four genes. These localized areas of high nucleotide similarities are the result of former gene conversion events. Of interest was the finding that the most highly similar region of all IID genes that was maintained by gene conversion covers portions of the eighth and ninth exons and the eighth intron. The ninth exon codes for a region of the P450 protein that is well conserved among all P450 gene families and in all species and that is associated with the noncovalently bound heme iron at the enzyme's active site. These data indicate that gene conversions have maintained sequence homogeneity within a critical region of the four P450 IID proteins. JF - Journal of molecular evolution AU - Matsunaga, E AU - Umeno, M AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 155 EP - 169 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2844, 0022-2844 KW - Heme KW - 42VZT0U6YR KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetic Linkage KW - Animals KW - Gene Conversion KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Exons KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Binding Sites KW - Rats KW - Base Sequence KW - Restriction Mapping KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Introns KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Heme -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Multigene Family KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79674623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+molecular+evolution&rft.atitle=The+rat+P450+IID+subfamily%3A+complete+sequences+of+four+closely+linked+genes+and+evidence+that+gene+conversions+maintained+sequence+homogeneity+at+the+heme-binding+region+of+the+cytochrome+P450+active+site.&rft.au=Matsunaga%2C+E%3BUmeno%2C+M%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Matsunaga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+molecular+evolution&rft.issn=00222844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - X52030; GENBANK; X52028; X52027; X52029 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of maitotoxin-stimulated phosphoinositide breakdown in HL-60 cells. AN - 79671725; 2156045 AB - The marine toxin maitotoxin (MTX) and the chemotactic peptide fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) induce the formation of inositol phosphates in HL-60 cells differentiated with dibutyryl cyclic AMP. The increase in [3H]inositol(1,4,5)-trisphosphate is rapid but transient after fMLP stimulation, whereas MTX-induced increase in [3H]inositol(1,4,5)-trisphosphate occurs at a slower rate and is sustained over time. In both cases increases in [Ca++]i, measured with fura-2, parallel the formation of inositol trisphosphate. MTX-mediated stimulation of inositol phosphate formation is inhibited in the absence of calcium, whereas the response to fMLP is not. The calcium ionophore ionomycin stimulates the formation of inositol phosphates in differentiated HL-60 cells. The magnitude of the response is smaller than that obtained with MTX. Ionomycin also induces a rapid but sustained increase of [Ca++]i. In undifferentiated HL-60 cells, neither fMLP nor ionomycin induce significant inositol phosphate formation, and the increase in [Ca++]i elicited by ionomycin is transient. In contrast, the effects of MTX on phosphoinositide breakdown and on [Ca++]i in undifferentiated cells are nearly identical to those elicited by MTX in differentiated cells. In the presence of the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA, fMLP, ionomycin and MTX still stimulate the generation of inositol phosphates. Guanyl nucleotides and calcium stimulate phospholipase C activity in membrane preparations from differentiated HL-60 cells. fMLP stimulates the enzyme only in the presence of GTP. MTX has no effect on membrane phospholipase C activity. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Gusovsky, F AU - Bitran, J A AU - Yasumoto, T AU - Daly, J W AD - Laboratory of BioOrganic Chemistry, National Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 466 EP - 473 VL - 252 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Marine Toxins KW - 0 KW - Oxocins KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Egtazic Acid KW - 526U7A2651 KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine KW - 59880-97-6 KW - 5,5'-difluoro-1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid KW - 85233-21-2 KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute -- metabolism KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Egtazic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Type C Phospholipases -- analysis KW - Marine Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79671725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+maitotoxin-stimulated+phosphoinositide+breakdown+in+HL-60+cells.&rft.au=Gusovsky%2C+F%3BBitran%2C+J+A%3BYasumoto%2C+T%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Gusovsky&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=252&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antagonism of ethanol intoxication in rats by inhibitors of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. AN - 79652651; 2178473 AB - The probable involvement of brain epinephrine in the expression of the acute sedative and intoxicating effects of ethanol and pentobarbital is demonstrated. Two selective inhibitors of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), LY134046 and LY78335, proved to be potent and long-lasting antagonists of ethanol intoxication in rats. Acute antagonism of pentobarbital-induced intoxication was observed with LY134046. The present results are compatible with a role for central epinephrine synthesis in ethanol and pentobarbital-induced sedation and intoxication in rats. JF - Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research AU - Mefford, I N AU - Lister, R G AU - Ota, M AU - Linnoila, M AD - Section on Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 53 EP - 57 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0145-6008, 0145-6008 KW - Benzazepines KW - 0 KW - Benzylamines KW - Isoquinolines KW - Tetrahydroisoquinolines KW - 2,3-dichloro-alpha-methylbenzylamine KW - 39226-94-3 KW - LY 134046 KW - 71274-97-0 KW - 7,8-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline KW - A0EP5O913J KW - Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase KW - EC 2.1.1.28 KW - Pentobarbital KW - I4744080IR KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Benzazepines -- pharmacology KW - Diazepam -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Pentobarbital -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Male KW - Isoquinolines -- pharmacology KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- prevention & control KW - Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79652651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.atitle=Antagonism+of+ethanol+intoxication+in+rats+by+inhibitors+of+phenylethanolamine+N-methyltransferase.&rft.au=Mefford%2C+I+N%3BLister%2C+R+G%3BOta%2C+M%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mefford&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.issn=01456008&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-10 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maitotoxin: effects on calcium channels, phosphoinositide breakdown, and arachidonate release in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. AN - 79648160; 2154671 AB - Maitotoxin (MTX) increases formation of [3H]inositol phosphates from phosphoinositides and release of [3H]arachidonic acid from phospholipids in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Formation of [3H]inositol phosphates is detected within 1 min of incubation even with concentrations as low as 0.3 ng/ml (90 pm) MTX, whereas release of [3H]arachidonic acid is not detected until 20 min even with concentrations as high as 1 ng/ml (300 pm) MTX. Stimulation of arachidonic acid release can be detected at 0.03 ng/ml (9 pm) MTX, whereas 0.1 ng/ml (30 pm) MTX is the threshold for detection of phosphoinositide breakdown. Organic and inorganic calcium channel blockers, except Cd2+ and a high concentration of Mn2+, have no effect on MTX-elicited phosphoinositide breakdown, whereas inorganic blockers (e.g., Co2+, Mn2+, Cd2+), but not organic blockers (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem), inhibit MTX-stimulated arachidonic acid release. All calcium channel blockers, however, inhibited MTX-elicited influx of 45Ca2+ and the MTX-elicited increase in internal Ca2+ measured with fura-2 was markedly reduced by nifedipine. MTX-elicited phosphoinositide breakdown and arachidonic acid release are abolished or reduced, respectively, in the absence of extracellular calcium plus chelating agent. The calcium ionophore A23187 has little or no effect alone but, in combination with MTX, A23187 inhibits MTX-elicited phosphoinositide breakdown and enhances arachidonic acid release, the latter even in the absence of extracellular calcium. The results suggest that different sites and/or mechanisms are involved in stimulation of calcium influx, breakdown of phosphoinositides, and release of arachidonic acid by MTX. JF - Molecular pharmacology AU - Choi, O H AU - Padgett, W L AU - Nishizawa, Y AU - Gusovsky, F AU - Yasumoto, T AU - Daly, J W AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 222 EP - 230 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - Calcium Channels KW - Calcium Radioisotopes KW - Marine Toxins KW - Oxocins KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Phospholipases A KW - EC 3.1.1.32 KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Calcium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Phospholipases A -- metabolism KW - Marine Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Calcium Channels -- drug effects KW - Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Arachidonic Acids -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79648160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Maitotoxin%3A+effects+on+calcium+channels%2C+phosphoinositide+breakdown%2C+and+arachidonate+release+in+pheochromocytoma+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Choi%2C+O+H%3BPadgett%2C+W+L%3BNishizawa%2C+Y%3BGusovsky%2C+F%3BYasumoto%2C+T%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Therapy of chronic hepatitis B with recombinant human alpha and gamma interferon. AN - 79645064; 2106474 AB - Eight patients with chronic hepatitis B entered a pilot study of gamma interferon and alpha interferon in combination. Gamma interferon alone had minimal inhibitory effects on serum levels of hepatitis B virus as monitored by serum HBV DNA and DNA-polymerase activity. The drug also gave troublesome side effects. In contrast, alpha interferon had more potent inhibitory effects on serum HBV levels and fewer side effects. When combined, the two interferons showed no additive or synergistic effects in inhibiting serum levels of HBV DNA or DNA polymerase. These findings indicate that the addition of gamma interferon to alpha interferon provides no additional antiviral effects but contributes significantly to side effects. JF - Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) AU - Di Bisceglie, A M AU - Rustgi, V K AU - Kassianides, C AU - Lisker-Melman, M AU - Park, Y AU - Waggoner, J G AU - Hoofnagle, J H AD - Liver Diseases Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 266 EP - 270 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 0270-9139, 0270-9139 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - DNA, Viral KW - Interferon Type I KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Antiviral Agents -- administration & dosage KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- blood KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - DNA, Viral -- blood KW - Chronic Disease KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Interferon-gamma -- therapeutic use KW - Interferon Type I -- therapeutic use KW - Hepatitis B -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79645064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hepatology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Therapy+of+chronic+hepatitis+B+with+recombinant+human+alpha+and+gamma+interferon.&rft.au=Di+Bisceglie%2C+A+M%3BRustgi%2C+V+K%3BKassianides%2C+C%3BLisker-Melman%2C+M%3BPark%2C+Y%3BWaggoner%2C+J+G%3BHoofnagle%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Di+Bisceglie&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hepatology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=02709139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Graft rejection by cytolytic T cells. Specificity of the effector mechanism in the rejection of allogeneic marrow. AN - 79645019; 2305471 AB - Cellular effector mechanisms of allograft rejection remain incompletely described. Characterizing the rejection of foreign-marrow allografts rather than solid-organ grafts has the advantage that the cellular composition of the marrow graft, as a single cell suspension, can be altered to include cellular components with differing antigen expression. Rejection of marrow grafts is sensitive to lethal doses of radiation in the mouse but resistant to sublethal levels of radiation. In an effort to identify cells mediating host resistance, lymphocytes were isolated and cloned from spleens of mice 7 days after sublethal TBI (650 cGy) and inoculation with allogeneic marrow. All clones isolated were cytolytic with specificity for MHC encoded gene products of the allogeneic marrow donor. When cloned cells were transferred in vivo into lethally irradiated (1025 cGy) recipients unable to reject allogeneic marrow, results utilizing splenic 125IUdR uptake indicated that these MHC-specific cytotoxic clones could suppress marrow proliferation. In order to characterize the effector mechanism and the ability of the clones to affect final engraftment, double donor chimeras were constructed so that 2 target cell populations differing at the MHC from each other and from the host were present in the same marrow allograft. Results directly demonstrated an ability of CTL of host MHC type to mediate graft rejection and characterized the effector mechanism as one with specificity for MHC gene products. JF - Transplantation AU - Nakamura, H AU - Gress, R E AD - Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 453 EP - 458 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0041-1337, 0041-1337 KW - H-2 Antigens KW - 0 KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Animals KW - Chimera KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- cytology KW - H-2 Antigens -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- immunology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Cell Division KW - Bone Marrow Transplantation -- immunology KW - Graft Rejection KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- cytology KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79645019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transplantation&rft.atitle=Graft+rejection+by+cytolytic+T+cells.+Specificity+of+the+effector+mechanism+in+the+rejection+of+allogeneic+marrow.&rft.au=Nakamura%2C+H%3BGress%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Nakamura&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transplantation&rft.issn=00411337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aniline-, phenylhydroxylamine-, nitrosobenzene-, and nitrobenzene-induced hemoglobin thiyl free radical formation in vivo and in vitro. AN - 79642457; 2154677 AB - We have employed the ESR spin trapping technique in vivo to detect the formation of the 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO)/hemoglobin thiyl free radical adduct in the blood of rats following administration of either aniline, phenylhydroxylamine, nitrosobenzene, or nitrobenzene. This DMPO adduct was a six-line, strongly immobilized, radical adduct. Using rat red blood cells, both phenylhydroxylamine and nitrosobenzene were able to induce the formation of the DMPO/glutathiyl free radical adduct and the same DMPO/hemoglobin thiyl free radical adduct was detected in in vivo samples. In experiments using purified rat oxyhemoglobin, a four-line, weakly immobilized, DMPO/hemoglobin thiyl free radical adduct was detected, in addition to the six-line strongly immobilized adduct. When this study was repeated using human red blood cells, we detected only the DMPO/glutathiyl free radical adduct and, when purified human oxyhemoglobin was employed, only the four-line, weakly immobilized, DMPO/hemoglobin thiyl radical adduct could be detected. In a study using reduced glutathione, we found that phenylhydronitroxide free radicals were reduced by glutathione and that glutathione was concomitantly oxidized to its thiyl free radical. We propose that the species responsible for the oxidation of the thiols to yield the thiyl free radicals in vivo and in vitro was the phenylhydronitroxide radical produced from the reaction of phenylhydroxylamine with oxyhemoglobin. JF - Molecular pharmacology AU - Maples, K R AU - Eyer, P AU - Mason, R P AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 311 EP - 318 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cyclic N-Oxides KW - Free Radicals KW - Hemoglobins KW - Hydroxylamines KW - Nitrobenzenes KW - Nitroso Compounds KW - Oxyhemoglobins KW - Spin Labels KW - phenylhydroxylamine KW - 282MU82Z9A KW - 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide KW - 7170JZ1QF3 KW - nitrobenzene KW - E57JCN6SSY KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - aniline KW - SIR7XX2F1K KW - nitrosobenzene KW - ZI9W9E8G2Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Glutathione -- blood KW - Erythrocytes -- metabolism KW - Oxyhemoglobins -- metabolism KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Models, Chemical KW - Male KW - Hydroxylamines -- blood KW - Hemoglobins -- metabolism KW - Nitrobenzenes -- blood KW - Nitroso Compounds -- blood KW - Aniline Compounds -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79642457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Aniline-%2C+phenylhydroxylamine-%2C+nitrosobenzene-%2C+and+nitrobenzene-induced+hemoglobin+thiyl+free+radical+formation+in+vivo+and+in+vitro.&rft.au=Maples%2C+K+R%3BEyer%2C+P%3BMason%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Maples&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The GABAA receptor complex in hepatic encephalopathy. Autoradiographic evidence for the presence of elevated levels of a benzodiazepine receptor ligand. AN - 79637933; 2154999 AB - Autoradiographic analysis was used to examine radioligand binding to benzodiazepine (BZ) and GABAA receptors in the brains of rabbits with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Thin sections of whole brain from normal rabbits and rabbits with HE were mounted on slides and subdivided into two groups. One group was washed before incubation with radioligand, while the second group was not prewashed. [3H]Flunitrazepam binding to BZ receptors was decreased by 22% to 42% (p less than 0.05) in the cerebral cortex, superior and inferior colliculi, and cerebellum of unwashed sections from rabbits with HE compared to all other groups. The binding of [3H]Ro 15-1788 to unwashed sections from rabbits with HE was reduced by a similar degree (18% to 37%, p less than 0.05) in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, superior colliculus, and cerebellar cortex. Incubation of sections with the GABA-mimetic muscimol and NaCl produced an additional decrease in [3H]flunitrazepam binding to the cortex and hippocampus (25% to 31%, p less than 0.05) in unwashed HE rabbit brain, but increased radioligand binding (27% to 71%, p less than 0.05) to several regions in control rabbits. No changes in radioligand binding to either GABAA or peripheral benzodiazepine receptors was observed between HE and control rabbit sections. These findings are consistent with previous electrophysiologic and neurochemical observations indicating no significant changes in either the function or density of GABAA or BZ receptors in this model of HE. Further, they indicate that a reversible BZ receptor ligand with agonist properties is present in the brain in HE. This substance may contribute to the enhancement of GABAergic tone observed in this syndrome. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Basile, A S AU - Ostrowski, N L AU - Gammal, S H AU - Jones, E A AU - Skolnick, P AD - Section on Neurobiology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 61 EP - 71 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - 0 KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Muscimol KW - 2763-96-4 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Flunitrazepam KW - 620X0222FQ KW - Galactosamine KW - 7535-00-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rabbits KW - Organ Specificity KW - Up-Regulation KW - Autoradiography -- methods KW - Muscimol -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- metabolism KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- metabolism KW - Flunitrazepam -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79637933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=The+GABAA+receptor+complex+in+hepatic+encephalopathy.+Autoradiographic+evidence+for+the+presence+of+elevated+levels+of+a+benzodiazepine+receptor+ligand.&rft.au=Basile%2C+A+S%3BOstrowski%2C+N+L%3BGammal%2C+S+H%3BJones%2C+E+A%3BSkolnick%2C+P&rft.aulast=Basile&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of antiretroviral therapy in living long and living well. AN - 79636377; 2406532 AB - We have seen a dramatic increase in the types of antiviral strategies and numbers of specific antiviral agents that have emerged since the early 1980s when infection with the human immunodeficiency virus was first recognized. At the moment, zidovudine is the only drug approved by the FDA for treatment of HIV infection, and its indication is limited only to patients in the most advanced stages of immunodeficiency. Although zidovudine cannot "cure" HIV infection, it can significantly delay the seemingly inexorable course of immune system decline and buy some meaningful time for most HIV-1 infected patients, whether or not they have developed immunodeficiency. Other agents such as interferon alpha and the didoxynucleoside analogues, ddI and ddC, have also shown promise as antiretroviral agents, and it is hoped they will be proved, in the near future, capable of delaying the progression of immune system destruction by HIV-1. Other related treatment modalities such as the use of PCP prophylactic regimens also have succeeded in decreasing the incidence of opportunistic infections and thereby improving survival. It is likely that future strategies will involve the use of alternating, multidrug regimens both to reduce selective pressure for the development of drug resistance and to minimize the toxicity of single-agent therapy. The sum of these developments has been to change the prognosis of HIV infection. A disease once viewed as an automatic death warrant is now in the process of becoming a chronic, potentially long-term treatable illness. JF - Maryland medical journal (Baltimore, Md. : 1985) AU - Zurlo, J J AU - Lane, H C AD - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 161 EP - 165 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0886-0572, 0886-0572 KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - 0 KW - Interferon Type I KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Interferon Type I -- therapeutic use KW - Quality of Life KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use KW - Longevity KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- therapy KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79636377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maryland+medical+journal+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=The+role+of+antiretroviral+therapy+in+living+long+and+living+well.&rft.au=Zurlo%2C+J+J%3BLane%2C+H+C&rft.aulast=Zurlo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Maryland+medical+journal+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=08860572&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple DNA adducts in lymphocytes of smokers and nonsmokers determined by 32P-postlabeling analysis. AN - 79614647; 2105856 AB - Identification of DNA adducts in peripheral lymphocytes could serve as a means of monitoring human exposure to potential genotoxic agents. In this study, DNA from peripheral lymphocytes of smokers and nonsmokers was examined for adducts by the P1 nuclease 32P-postlabeling technique. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) maps from both groups revealed multiple DNA adducts which ranged from no adducts for one individual to six adducts for a different individual. The total DNA adduct concentrations were approximately one adduct in 10(8)-10(10) normal nucleotides. Comparison of the adduct TLC profiles revealed individual variation in both pattern and level of DNA adducts. The type and amount of adduct was not influenced by smoking history and remained unchanged in four out of six subjects who were resampled after a 1 month interval. The capacity of lymphocytes to form BaP-derived DNA adducts after a 72 h incubation with 10(-6) M [3H]BaP was measured by both high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 32P-postlabeling analysis. The in vitro adduct values detected by [3H]nucleoside concentrations on HPLC ranged from 1 to 7 fmol adduct per micrograms DNA (3.3-23.3 adducts per 10(7) nucleotides). The [3H]nucleoside values were consistent with values obtained by 32P-postlabeling of the same sample (correlation coefficient of 0.88). No relationship was apparent between the capacity of lymphocytes to form a [3H]BaP-derived adduct in vitro and the concentration of any adduct, or total adducts present in untreated lymphocytes. These results suggest that multiple DNA adducts are present in lymphocytes from nonsmokers as well as smokers, although the profile and extent of these adducts can vary among individuals. The relationship of the lymphocyte DNA adducts detected in this study to human cancer susceptibility remains to be determined. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Jahnke, G D AU - Thompson, C L AU - Walker, M P AU - Gallagher, J E AU - Lucier, G W AU - DiAugustine, R P AD - Laboratory of Biochemical Risk Analysis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 205 EP - 211 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Lymphocytes -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79614647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Multiple+DNA+adducts+in+lymphocytes+of+smokers+and+nonsmokers+determined+by+32P-postlabeling+analysis.&rft.au=Jahnke%2C+G+D%3BThompson%2C+C+L%3BWalker%2C+M+P%3BGallagher%2C+J+E%3BLucier%2C+G+W%3BDiAugustine%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Jahnke&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative analysis of amounts of coronary arterial narrowing in cocaine addicts. AN - 79614201; 2301258 AB - From January 1979 to February 1989, 22 cocaine addicts were studied at necropsy. The 22 patients were divided into 2 groups: death associated with increased cocaine levels at necropsy (13 patients, aged 23 to 45 years [mean 32], and mean total blood cocaine level, 0.36 mg/dl) and noncocaine-related death (9 patients, aged 15 to 50 years [mean 32]). Of the 22 patients, 17 were men and 5 were women; 19 were black and 3 were white. Gross examination in the 22 patients disclosed that 8 patients (36%) had 1 or more of the 4 major (left main, left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right) coronary arteries narrowed at some point greater than 75% in cross-sectional area by atherosclerotic plaque. In 17 cases, the 4 major epicardial coronary arteries were divided into 805 five-mm long segments and a histologic section was prepared from each segment: of the 12 patients with a cocaine-related death, 41 (8%) of 544 five-mm coronary segments were narrowed 76 to 100% and 106 segments (19%) were narrowed 51 to 75% in cross-sectional area by plaque. Of the 5 cocaine addicts who did not die from cocaine overdose, 8 (3%) of 261 five-mm coronary segments were narrowed 76 to 100% and 19 segments (7%) were narrowed 51 to 75% in cross-sectional area by plaque. The frequency of coronary artery disease was greater in patients dying with cocaine in their blood at necropsy compared to those whose death was not cocaine related.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The American journal of cardiology AU - Dressler, F A AU - Malekzadeh, S AU - Roberts, W C AD - Pathology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 303 EP - 308 VL - 65 IS - 5 SN - 0002-9149, 0002-9149 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- pathology KW - Coronary Artery Disease -- pathology KW - Coronary Vessels -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79614201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+cardiology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+analysis+of+amounts+of+coronary+arterial+narrowing+in+cocaine+addicts.&rft.au=Dressler%2C+F+A%3BMalekzadeh%2C+S%3BRoberts%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Economics&rft.issn=10579230&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The association of hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis B virus in parenteral drug abusers. 1971 to 1972 and 1986 to 1987. AN - 79612473; 2302011 AB - From 1971 to 1972 (N = 105) and 1986 to 1987 (N = 160), parenteral drug abusers seropositive for hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers were screened for antibodies to the hepatitis delta virus (anti-HD). In both time frames anti-HD was independently associated with the hepatitis B surface antigen. It was observed that 31% of those positive for hepatitis B surface antigen from the early sample and 20% of those from the latter sample had detectable anti-HD, as opposed to 10% and 7%, respectively, of those negative for hepatitis B surface antigen. Anti-HD seropositivity was unrelated to gender and ethnicity, and in the 1971 and 1972 nationwide sample, its presence was unrelated to geographic location. The probability of manifesting anti-HD increased with the more HBV markers detected, particularly the number of different HBV antibody markers. We conclude that anti-HD was wide-spread in parenteral drug abusers at least as early as 1971, and that its expression was associated with hepatitis B surface antigen and the intensity of the immune response to HBV as evidenced by the number of different circulating HBV antibodies. JF - Archives of internal medicine AU - Lange, W R AU - Cone, E J AU - Snyder, F R AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Md. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 365 EP - 368 VL - 150 IS - 2 SN - 0003-9926, 0003-9926 KW - Hepatitis Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Hepatitis B Antigens KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hepatitis Antibodies -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Hepatitis Delta Virus -- immunology KW - Seroepidemiologic Studies KW - Adult KW - Hepatitis B Antigens -- analysis KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Hepatitis B -- immunology KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - Hepatitis D -- epidemiology KW - Hepatitis D -- immunology KW - Hepatitis B -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79612473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=The+association+of+hepatitis+delta+virus+and+hepatitis+B+virus+in+parenteral+drug+abusers.+1971+to+1972+and+1986+to+1987.&rft.au=Lange%2C+W+R%3BCone%2C+E+J%3BSnyder%2C+F+R&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00039926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody assays for the detection of patients sensitized to halothane. AN - 79609117; 2301746 AB - Sera from patients with a clinical diagnosis of halothane hepatitis have been shown to contain antibodies that react with liver microsomal proteins (100, 76, 59, 57, and 54 kDa) covalently altered by the trifluoroacetyl (TFA) halide metabolite of halothane. In the present study, rapid and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of these antibodies have been evaluated. A recently described method that utilizes TFA-rabbit serum albumin as test antigen was studied employing a large population of halothane hepatitis and control patients. Several problems were discovered with the assay that were not previously recognized. The assay was then compared directly with methods that utilize as test antigens either liver microsomes or purified TFA proteins from halothane-treated rats. Sixty-seven percent of patients with a clinical diagnosis of halothane hepatitis tested positive for antibodies when the test antigens were either TFA-rabbit serum albumin or liver microsomes. This value was increased to 79% when the purified TFA-57 kDa, TFA-76 kDa, and TFA-100 kDa proteins were used as test antigens. These results indicate that the specificity and sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods for the detection of patients' antibodies may be increased significantly by utilizing the purified TFA microsomal proteins as test antigens. JF - Anesthesia and analgesia AU - Martin, J L AU - Kenna, J G AU - Pohl, L R AD - Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 154 EP - 159 VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2999, 0003-2999 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Serum Albumin KW - Halothane KW - UQT9G45D1P KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Rabbits KW - Serum Albumin -- immunology KW - Halothane -- immunology KW - Antibodies -- analysis KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79609117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anesthesia+and+analgesia&rft.atitle=Antibody+assays+for+the+detection+of+patients+sensitized+to+halothane.&rft.au=Martin%2C+J+L%3BKenna%2C+J+G%3BPohl%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anesthesia+and+analgesia&rft.issn=00032999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delineation of an enhancerlike positive regulatory element in the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene. AN - 79606604; 2153927 AB - We have delineated a positive regulatory element in the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene (IL-2R alpha) between positions -299 and -243 that can potently activate a heterologous (herpesvirus thymidine kinase [tk]) promoter in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced Jurkat T cells and is functional when cloned in either orientation. This enhancerlike element contains a site (-268/-257) that can bind NF-kappa B; however, unlike the immunoglobulin kappa gene kappa B enhancer element, the IL-2R alpha kappa B-like site alone can only weakly activate a heterologous promoter. Adjacent 5' and 3' sequences also weakly activate the tk-CAT vector, but constructs combining the IL-2R alpha kappa B-like site plus adjacent 5' and 3' sequences potently activate gene expression. This combination of regions is essential for potent PMA-induced transcription from the tk promoter. Experiments using constructs in which IL-2R alpha upstream sequences are sequentially deleted suggested that there is a region 5' of position -299 which can suppress IL-2R alpha promoter and/or enhancer activity. Thus, it is possible that both positive and negative elements may be important in the regulation of IL-2R alpha gene transcription. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Lin, B B AU - Cross, S L AU - Halden, N F AU - Roman, D G AU - Toledano, M B AU - Leonard, W J AD - Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 850 EP - 853 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotide Probes KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.28 KW - Thymidine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.21 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- genetics KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Humans KW - Simplexvirus -- genetics KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Simplexvirus -- enzymology KW - Cell Line KW - Thymidine Kinase -- genetics KW - Genes KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79606604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Delineation+of+an+enhancerlike+positive+regulatory+element+in+the+interleukin-2+receptor+alpha-chain+gene.&rft.au=Lin%2C+B+B%3BCross%2C+S+L%3BHalden%2C+N+F%3BRoman%2C+D+G%3BToledano%2C+M+B%3BLeonard%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=850&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 15;262(11):5079-86 [3031040] Cell. 1987 Apr 10;49(1):47-56 [3030566] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1482-6 [3125549] Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):827-36 [2836068] Nature. 1988 Jun 23;333(6175):776-8 [2838755] Science. 1988 Jul 1;241(4861):89-92 [2838905] Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1652-5 [2843985] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2331-5 [2494663] Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044-51 [6960240] J Immunol. 1981 Apr;126(4):1393-7 [6970774] Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):466-9 [2497520] Nature. 1984 Oct 18-24;311(5987):626-31 [6090948] Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1215-7 [2988127] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(18):6281-5 [3929255] Nature. 1985 Oct 3-9;317(6036):395-403 [2413364] Science. 1986 Nov 14;234(4778):859-63 [3095922] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9694-8 [3099289] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jul 10;15(13):5490 [3037497] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anxiety disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease. AN - 79606486; 2301664 AB - To study the prevalence and importance of anxiety disorders in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, the authors systematically evaluated 24 parkinsonian patients for the presence of DSM-III-R axis I syndromes. Nine subjects (38%) had a clinically significant current anxiety disorder. Severity of anxiety was not correlated with severity of parkinsonian symptoms, cumulative duration of L-dopa exposure, or current dose of L-dopa. These findings suggest that anxiety disorders should be considered in the medical evaluation and treatment of parkinsonian patients and that further attention should be paid to the role of the dopaminergic system in anxiety and phobic disorders. JF - The American journal of psychiatry AU - Stein, M B AU - Heuser, I J AU - Juncos, J L AU - Uhde, T W AD - Section on Anxiety and Affective Disorders, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 217 EP - 220 VL - 147 IS - 2 SN - 0002-953X, 0002-953X KW - Levodopa KW - 46627O600J KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Dopamine -- physiology KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Levodopa -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Anxiety Disorders -- etiology KW - Parkinson Disease -- complications KW - Parkinson Disease -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79606486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Anxiety+disorders+in+patients+with+Parkinson%27s+disease.&rft.au=Stein%2C+M+B%3BHeuser%2C+I+J%3BJuncos%2C+J+L%3BUhde%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.issn=0002953X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;148(2):274 [1987832] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative toxicity and tumor-promoting ability of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PCDF), and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (HCDF) in hairless mice. AN - 79605640; 2300974 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dixoin 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PCDF), and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (HCDF) are highly toxic members of a class of environmental contaminants, the polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAH), which exhibit a similar and highly characteristic spectrum of toxic effects. For purposes of risk assessment, it is important to be able to make accurate estimates of the relative potency of these and related compounds. Previous investigations have indicated that, in acute exposure or in vitro studies, PCDF is approximately 0.1 times as toxic and HCDF is approximately 0.01 times as toxic as TCDD. In this study, we compared the relative toxicity and tumor-promoting abilities of TCDD, PCDF, and HCDF in hairless mouse skin. Female hairless mice (HRS/J hr/hr) were treated dermally with the initiator MNNG, then dosed twice weekly for 20 weeks with acetone, TCDD (2.5-10 ng/mouse/dose), PCDF (25-100 ng/mouse/dose), or HCDF (250-1000 ng/mouse/dose) as promoter. TCDD, PCDF, and HCDF were all potent promoters for the induction of squamous cell papillomas. There was, however, no difference in the incidence or multiplicity of papilloma formation between groups. The same doses of the three PCAH, in the absence of initiator, induced no skin papillomas. TCDD produced a significant increase in liver:body weight ratio (p less than 0.001) at all doses and a decrease in thymus:body weight ratio at a dose of 10 ng (p less than 0.001). Mice treated with PCDF and HCDF had marked thymic and splenic involution, liver hypertrophy, mucous cell hyperplasia in the fundic portion of the glandular stomach, and loss of body weight. PCDF and HCDF produced a greater incidence and severity of dermatotoxic effects than TCDD. Based on data for dermal toxicity and changes in body weight and organ weights, PCDF is estimated to be 0.2 to 0.4 times, and HCDF 0.08 to 0.16 times, as toxic as TCDD following repeated dermal exposure. Therefore, toxic equivalence factors generated using data from acute and/or in vitro studies may underestimate the risk from repeated low-dose exposures to these compounds. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Hébert, C D AU - Harris, M W AU - Elwell, M R AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 362 EP - 377 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dioxins KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran KW - 70648-26-9 KW - 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran KW - U4C2RV3124 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Papilloma -- pathology KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Skin Diseases -- pathology KW - Mice, Hairless KW - Skin Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Liver -- analysis KW - Hypertrophy KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- pathology KW - Papilloma -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Skin Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79605640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Relative+toxicity+and+tumor-promoting+ability+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29%2C+2%2C3%2C4%2C7%2C8-pentachlorodibenzofuran+%28PCDF%29%2C+and+1%2C2%2C3%2C4%2C7%2C8-hexachlorodibenzofuran+%28HCDF%29+in+hairless+mice.&rft.au=H%C3%A9bert%2C+C+D%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=H%C3%A9bert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular analysis of two mouse dilute locus deletion mutations: spontaneous dilute lethal20J and radiation-induced dilute prenatal lethal Aa2 alleles. AN - 79602510; 2300051 AB - The dilute (d) coat color locus of mouse chromosome 9 has been identified by more than 200 spontaneous and mutagen-induced recessive mutations. With the advent of molecular probes for this locus, the molecular lesion associated with different dilute alleles can be recognized and precisely defined. In this study, two dilute mutations, dilute-lethal20J (dl20J) and dilute prenatal lethal Aa2, have been examined. Using a dilute locus genomic probe in Southern blot analysis, we detected unique restriction fragments in dl20J and Aa2 DNA. Subsequent analysis of these fragments showed that they represented deletion breakpoint fusion fragments. DNA sequence analysis of each mutation-associated deletion breakpoint fusion fragment suggests that both genomic deletions were generated by nonhomologous recombination events. The spontaneous dl20J mutation is caused by an interstitial deletion that removes a single coding exon of the dilute gene. The correlation between this discrete deletion and the expression of all dilute-associated phenotypes in dl20J homozygotes defines the dl20J mutation as a functional null allele of the dilute gene. The radiation-induced Aa2 allele is a multilocus deletion that, by complementation analysis, affects both the dilute locus and the proximal prenatal lethal-3 (pl-3) functional unit. Molecular analysis of the Aa2 deletion breakpoint fusion fragment has provided access to a previously undefined gene proximal to d. Initial characterization of this new gene suggests that it may represent the genetically defined pl-3 functional unit. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Strobel, M C AU - Seperack, P K AU - Copeland, N G AU - Jenkins, N A AD - Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 501 EP - 509 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Exons KW - Mice KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Genes, Recessive -- radiation effects KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Introns KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Embryo, Mammalian KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Alleles KW - Genes, Lethal -- radiation effects KW - DNA -- genetics KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79602510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Molecular+analysis+of+two+mouse+dilute+locus+deletion+mutations%3A+spontaneous+dilute+lethal20J+and+radiation-induced+dilute+prenatal+lethal+Aa2+alleles.&rft.au=Strobel%2C+M+C%3BSeperack%2C+P+K%3BCopeland%2C+N+G%3BJenkins%2C+N+A&rft.aulast=Strobel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M33467; GENBANK; M33468 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1984;31:315-462 [6397774] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Apr 25;13(8):2897-906 [4000967] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Sep 25;13(18):6559-75 [2997715] Genetics. 1986 Feb;112(2):321-42 [3000867] EMBO J. 1986 Jun;5(6):1199-204 [3015589] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Oct;5(10):2599-607 [3016509] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1986;209B:437-47 [3749098] EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2257-65 [3023064] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4295-304 [3025650] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1986;51 Pt 2:811-9 [3472763] Nature. 1987 Oct 8-14;329(6139):556-8 [2889145] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Sep 25;15(18):7641 [3116504] Genetics. 1987 Sep;117(1):85-92 [2822532] Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 25;15(22):9365-78 [3684597] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):185-8 [3422416] Mutat Res. 1971 Jan;11(1):107-23 [5556347] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1628-34 [2725521] Nature. 1981 Oct 1;293(5831):370-4 [6268990] J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):26-36 [6287001] Cell. 1982 Jun;29(2):319-28 [6288254] Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):379-87 [6305507] Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):701-9 [6652684] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387-95 [6546423] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Apr 11;12(7):3097-114 [6326051] Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2899-904 [6098826] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3499-503 [3368459] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5615-9 [2840669] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6017-21 [3413073] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8131-5 [3141922] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Sep;8(9):3748-54 [3221864] Gene. 1985;33(1):103-19 [2985470] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isoproterenol stimulates shift of G proteins from plasma membrane to pinocytotic vesicles in rat adipocytes: a possible means of signal dissemination. AN - 79602378; 2105498 AB - Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) are linked to a large number of surface membrane receptors and appear to regulate a variety of effector systems located both in the plasma membrane and in other parts of the cell. The mechanism of the disseminative actions of G proteins remains obscure. During an investigation of the fate of two types of G proteins, Gs and Gi, in rat adipocytes, we unexpectedly found that isoproterenol, which stimulates cAMP levels and lipolysis in these cells, induces parallel increases in both Gs and Gi in a low-density microsomal fraction rich in endosomes and Golgi bodies. Two plasma membrane constitutive enzymes, adenylyl cyclase and 5'-nucleotidase, are also elevated in this fraction. NaF and NaN3, metabolic inhibitors, block the redistribution process. The isoproterenol-stimulated shifts are completely reversible after removal of the hormone, indicating a recycling, endocytic process. The endocytic process seems to be fluid phase endocytosis, or pinocytosis, since isoproterenol stimulates the uptake of both fluorescent-labeled dextran and horseradish peroxidase into the same vesicles containing Gs. However, the vesicles that accumulate in response to isoproterenol seem heterogenous in properties that may reflect the lipolytic process induced by isoproterenol. It is speculated that the "pinosomes" formed in response to lipolytic hormones may continually produce signals within the cellular interior during their processing and cycling. Hence, signal production in response to hormones need not be confined to the cell membrane; circulating pinosomes may be responsible for some of the disseminative effects of hormones. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Haraguchi, K AU - Rodbell, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 1208 EP - 1212 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Adenylate Cyclase Toxin KW - 0 KW - Azides KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - NAD KW - 0U46U6E8UK KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Sodium Fluoride KW - 8ZYQ1474W7 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Sodium Azide KW - 968JJ8C9DV KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - Cell Fractionation KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - NAD -- metabolism KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- metabolism KW - Azides -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Fluoride -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism KW - Organelles -- metabolism KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Pinocytosis KW - Cell Membrane -- drug effects KW - Organelles -- drug effects KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cell Membrane -- ultrastructure KW - Adipose Tissue -- drug effects KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction KW - Organelles -- ultrastructure KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79602378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Isoproterenol+stimulates+shift+of+G+proteins+from+plasma+membrane+to+pinocytotic+vesicles+in+rat+adipocytes%3A+a+possible+means+of+signal+dissemination.&rft.au=Haraguchi%2C+K%3BRodbell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Haraguchi&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1977 Apr 10;252(7):2226-33 [66233] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] J Biol Chem. 1981 Jun 25;256(12):6400-7 [7016868] J Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;98(3):877-84 [6699090] J Cell Physiol. 1984 Dec;121(3):569-75 [6389574] J Biol Chem. 1985 Dec 5;260(28):15122-9 [2415513] Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:1059-89 [3527041] J Cell Sci. 1986 Jul;83:119-33 [3805135] Annu Rev Physiol. 1987;49:793-812 [3032082] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 25;262(30):14683-8 [3117789] J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 5;263(4):2020-6 [3123484] Biochem J. 1988 Dec 15;256(3):725-32 [3066353] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2577-81 [2523074] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 25;264(21):12358-63 [2545707] Mol Endocrinol. 1987 Jul;1(7):472-81 [3155263] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1965 Oct 8;131(1):78-90 [5217002] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1965 Oct 8;131(1):302-14 [4285776] J Biol Chem. 1964 Feb;239:375-80 [14169133] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Cell Biol. 1970 Aug;46(2):342-53 [5449179] Metabolism. 1971 Jan;20(1):87-99 [5539064] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Apr 13;233(2):334-47 [4326970] Anal Biochem. 1974 Apr;58(2):541-8 [4827395] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Nov;72(11):4430-4 [1060123] J Biol Chem. 1979 Sep 25;254(18):8927-31 [225317] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rapid method of cloning functional variable-region antibody genes in Escherichia coli as single-chain immunotoxins. AN - 79601923; 2105495 AB - We have devised a strategy based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the rapid cloning of functional antibody genes as single-chain immunotoxins. RNA from a hybridoma producing an antibody (OVB3) that reacts with ovarian cancer cells was used as a template to make the first strand of a cDNA. Then a second strand was synthesized and amplified by using two sets of DNA primers that (i) hybridized to the ends of the light- and heavy-chain variable regions, (ii) encoded a linker peptide, and (iii) contained appropriate restriction enzyme sites for cloning. After 30 cycles of PCR, the DNA fragments containing sequences encoding the light- and heavy-chain variable regions were cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector containing a portion of the Pseudomonas exotoxin gene. Clones encoding recombinant single-chain immunotoxins were expressed in E. coli and the protein product was assessed for its ability to bind to or kill cells bearing the OVB3 antigen. By using this approach it should be possible to rapidly clone the functional variable region sequences of many different antibodies from hybridoma RNA. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - Batra, J K AU - Gallo, M G AU - Willingham, M C AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 1066 EP - 1070 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin Light Chains KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region KW - Immunotoxins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Information Systems KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains -- genetics KW - Gene Amplification KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Base Sequence KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Recombinant Proteins -- immunology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Immunoglobulin Light Chains -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- genetics KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- immunology KW - Genes, Immunoglobulin KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Cloning, Molecular -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79601923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=A+rapid+method+of+cloning+functional+variable-region+antibody+genes+in+Escherichia+coli+as+single-chain+immunotoxins.&rft.au=Chaudhary%2C+V+K%3BBatra%2C+J+K%3BGallo%2C+M+G%3BWillingham%2C+M+C%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Chaudhary&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M34000; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1985 Feb;45(2):751-7 [2981613] Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1041-3 [3285471] Nature. 1986 May 29-Jun 4;321(6069):522-5 [3713831] Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1076-8 [3461561] Cell. 1986 Dec 5;47(5):641-8 [3536124] J Mol Biol. 1986 May 5;189(1):113-30 [3537305] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(8):2474-8 [3104916] Science. 1987 Nov 20;238(4830):1098-104 [3317828] Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91 [2448875] Nature. 1988 Mar 24;332(6162):323-7 [3127726] Science. 1988 Mar 25;239(4847):1534-6 [2451287] Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1038-41 [3285470] Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1350-4 [2999980] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 5;263(19):9470-5 [3132465] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5879-83 [3045807] Nature. 1988 Sep 22;335(6188):369-72 [2843774] Science. 1988 Oct 21;242(4877):423-6 [3140379] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(24):9738-42 [3264406] Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):394-7 [2498664] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3833-7 [2726754] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5728-32 [2503822] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 15;264(26):15157-60 [2504717] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 25;264(27):15953-9 [2506173] FASEB J. 1989 Dec;3(14):2647-52 [2556314] Biotechniques. 1989 Apr;7(4):360-6 [2629848] Erratum In: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Apr;87(8):3253 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insulin, oxytocin, and vasopressin stimulate protein kinase C activity in adipocyte plasma membranes. AN - 79599378; 2105494 AB - Incubation of isolated rat adipocytes with insulin, vasopressin, or oxytocin increased plasma membrane-bound protein kinase C (PKC) activity by 100-400%. PKC activity was assayed by a procedure that is virtually background-free, thus permitting assay of protein kinase activity in highly diluted samples of solubilized membranes. Hormone-dependent increases in PKC activity were limited to plasma membranes. Stimulation of the kinase was half-maximal with 70 pM insulin, and the hormone effect was rapid. Oxytocin and vasopressin produced effects on PKC similar to insulin, but the magnitude of the vasopressin stimulation exhibited seasonal variations. Treatment of cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in a loss of PKC activity from the cytosol and a gain in plasma membrane activity, indicative of translocation of the enzyme. With activity measurements it was not possible to determine if insulin stimulated a translocation of the kinase. However, Western blot analysis of plasma membranes with polyclonal antibodies directed against PKC suggest that at least some of the insulin-stimulated PKC activity resulted from enzyme translocation. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Egan, J J AU - Saltis, J AU - Wek, S A AU - Simpson, I A AU - Londos, C AD - Membrane Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 1052 EP - 1056 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Insulin KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - Vasopressins KW - 11000-17-2 KW - Oxytocin KW - 50-56-6 KW - Egtazic Acid KW - 526U7A2651 KW - Glycogen Synthase KW - EC 2.4.1.11 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - diolein KW - Z3MP1W91CW KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Microsomes -- enzymology KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Diglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Glycogen Synthase -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Phosphatidylserines -- pharmacology KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Adipose Tissue -- enzymology KW - Egtazic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Vasopressins -- pharmacology KW - Oxytocin -- pharmacology KW - Insulin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79599378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Insulin%2C+oxytocin%2C+and+vasopressin+stimulate+protein+kinase+C+activity+in+adipocyte+plasma+membranes.&rft.au=Egan%2C+J+J%3BSaltis%2C+J%3BWek%2C+S+A%3BSimpson%2C+I+A%3BLondos%2C+C&rft.aulast=Egan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1052&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem J. 1985 Oct 15;231(2):269-78 [3904739] Endocrinology. 1986 May;118(5):1759-69 [3516652] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):8193-7 [2415983] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):3972-6 [2438690] Methods Enzymol. 1987;141:399-411 [3298968] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Jun 30;145(3):1384-9 [3300647] FEBS Lett. 1987 Aug 17;220(2):311-8 [3038619] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:159-93 [3304132] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Sep 30;147(3):1232-40 [3311045] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8834-8 [3321056] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1988 Jan 18;968(1):138-41 [3377882] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(3):963-7 [3277184] J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 15;263(8):3600-9 [2831195] Biochem J. 1988 Feb 1;249(3):865-70 [3281656] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 5;263(16):7610-9 [2836390] Endocrinology. 1988 Jul;123(1):296-304 [2838257] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Jul 15;154(1):171-8 [3293563] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 5;261(19):8589-92 [3522574] J Cell Physiol. 1986 Oct;129(1):124-30 [2944907] J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 5;261(31):14781-7 [3771551] J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 25;262(3):1116-21 [3542998] J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 15;262(8):3633-9 [3546313] J Cell Biol. 1970 Aug;46(2):326-41 [5449178] J Biol Chem. 1966 Jan 10;241(1):140-2 [4285132] Science. 1987 May 1;236(4801):586-9 [3107122] J Cell Physiol. 1979 Jun;99(3):451-60 [457799] Biochem J. 1980 Mar 15;186(3):781-9 [6249261] Mol Pharmacol. 1982 Sep;22(2):381-8 [6292696] Biochem J. 1983 May 15;212(2):489-98 [6411068] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Dec 19;763(4):393-407 [6360220] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1984 Jun;36(1-2):123-9 [6378690] J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 10;260(3):1378-81 [3155735] Biochem J. 1985 Jan 15;225(2):523-7 [3883992] Endocrinology. 1985 Jun;116(6):2650-5 [3158511] Eur J Biochem. 1985 May 2;148(3):407-12 [3158518] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4369-73 [3892533] J Biol Chem. 1985 Sep 15;260(20):11039-45 [2993299] J Biol Chem. 1985 Sep 15;260(20):11286-92 [3897231] J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 25;260(24):13304-15 [3902816] Eur J Biochem. 1988 Aug 1;175(2):339-45 [2900139] Nature. 1988 Aug 25;334(6184):661-5 [3045562] Endocrinology. 1988 Oct;123(4):1771-7 [3138102] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 14;156(1):570-5 [3052454] Anal Biochem. 1988 Dec;175(2):552-61 [3071188] J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 25;264(12):6773-9 [2651433] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8646-52 [2785993] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(12):4705-9 [2660145] J Biol Chem. 1964 Feb;239:375-80 [14169133] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Mar 28;135(3):1119-25 [3516145] J Biol Chem. 1985 Dec 5;260(28):15122-9 [2415513] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A randomized trial of open lung biopsy versus empiric antimicrobial therapy in cancer patients with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. AN - 79599260; 2299367 AB - Twenty-four cancer patients with diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP) were randomized to undergo an open lung biopsy (OLB) within 8 hours of presentation (12 patients) or to receive empiric antimicrobial therapy (ET) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) erythromycin for a minimum of 4 days (12 patients). Patients whose condition deteriorated underwent an OLB on day 4. Eight of 12 patients (67%) having OLB survived versus 10 of 12 (83%) receiving ET (P = .64). Morbidity occurred in nine of 12 (75%) having OLB versus eight of 12 (67%) receiving ET (P = 1.0). Concurrently, there were 14 additional cancer patients with DIP who were not randomized (nine refused, three had a coagulopathy contraindicating surgery, two were excluded by primary care physicians) and who were comparable demographically to the randomized group. Two received OLB and 12 ET. Combining the randomized and nonrandomized groups, eight of 14 (57%) having an initial OLB survived versus 18 of 24 (75%) of ET-treated patients (P2 = .19). Results of the OLB were seven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), five nonspecific pneumonitis (NSP), one cytomegalovirus, and one lymphoma. Results of OLB led to discontinuation of antibiotics in three patients. Of the 24 ET patients, eight failed to improve by day 4 and had an OLB. Results were two NSP, two PCP, two cancer, one blastomycosis, and one Candida pneumonia. Complications were seen in 10 of 14 (72%) initial OLB patients versus 14 of 24 (58%) patients on the ET arm (P = .65). When the complication rate between patients receiving only empiric antibiotics was compared with all patients having an OLB (initially or on day 4), the difference was greater in patients undergoing OLB (37% v 72%, respectively) (P2 = .14). ET with TMP-SMX plus erythromycin and broad spectrum antibiotics in granulocytopenic patients appeared to be as successful and potentially less toxic than an OLB in this study. Although the number of patients in this study was small, these data suggest that a trial of empiric antibiotic management may be reasonable in cancer patients presenting with DIP, especially if they are nonneutropenic. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Browne, M J AU - Potter, D AU - Gress, J AU - Cotton, D AU - Hiemenz, J AU - Thaler, M AU - Hathorn, J AU - Brower, S AU - Gill, V AU - Glatstein, E AD - Infectious Disease Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 222 EP - 229 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Erythromycin KW - 63937KV33D KW - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination KW - 8064-90-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- drug therapy KW - Agranulocytosis -- complications KW - Prospective Studies KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis -- pathology KW - Random Allocation KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Drug Therapy, Combination -- therapeutic use KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- pathology KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- drug therapy KW - Erythromycin -- therapeutic use KW - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination -- therapeutic use KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- physiopathology KW - Biopsy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79599260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=A+randomized+trial+of+open+lung+biopsy+versus+empiric+antimicrobial+therapy+in+cancer+patients+with+diffuse+pulmonary+infiltrates.&rft.au=Browne%2C+M+J%3BPotter%2C+D%3BGress%2C+J%3BCotton%2C+D%3BHiemenz%2C+J%3BThaler%2C+M%3BHathorn%2C+J%3BBrower%2C+S%3BGill%2C+V%3BGlatstein%2C+E&rft.aulast=Browne&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression in the human macrophage-like cell line U937. AN - 79598206; 1688884 AB - Activated macrophages release tissue forms of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), 20-25-kD products of the IGF-I gene, thus providing an extracellular growth and differentiation signal at sites of inflammation. To examine the control of IGF-I gene expression in mononuclear phagocytes, the human macrophage-like cell line U937 was evaluated at rest and after surface activation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or Ca2+ ionophore. Northern analysis and RNAse protection analysis with 32P-labeled IGF-I-specific probes demonstrated that the IGF-I mRNA transcripts of resting U937 cells were similar in size and amount to those of resting human alveolar macrophages, mononuclear phagocytes known to express the IGF-I gene. Nuclear run-off assays demonstrated that surface activation of U937 cells increased the transcription rate of the IGF-I gene four- to fivefold, a process that was inhibited by cycloheximide, suggesting that active protein synthesis was involved in the activation pathway. Despite this, cytoplasmic IGF-I mRNA levels after surface activation declined markedly, a process blocked by a protein kinase C inhibitor (for PMA activation) or a calmodulin antagonist (for Ca2+ ionophore activation). Like the increased transcription of the IGF-I gene, modulation of IGF-I mRNA transcript levels required active protein synthesis; in the presence of cycloheximide constitutive IGF-I mRNA levels increased and surface activation no longer caused a decrease in transcript number. Interestingly, surface activation caused a rapid release of IGF-I, even in the presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor, suggesting that mononuclear phagocytes have a preformed, stored, releasable pool of IGF-I. Together these observations demonstrate that IGF-I gene expression is complex and probably involves control of transcription rate, cytoplasmic mRNA levels possibly mediated through protein kinase C, calcium influx and calmodulin, and finally, release of preformed IGF-I from a storage pool. JF - The Journal of clinical investigation AU - Nagaoka, I AU - Trapnell, B C AU - Crystal, R G AD - Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 448 EP - 455 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Somatomedins KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I KW - 67763-96-6 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - RNA -- biosynthesis KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I -- genetics KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I -- biosynthesis KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Somatomedins -- genetics KW - Macrophages -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79598206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+insulin-like+growth+factor+I+gene+expression+in+the+human+macrophage-like+cell+line+U937.&rft.au=Nagaoka%2C+I%3BTrapnell%2C+B+C%3BCrystal%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Nagaoka&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Oct;74(10):4481-5 [270695] Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 25;262(24):11807-12 [3624235] J Biol Chem. 1978 Apr 25;253(8):2769-76 [632300] Int J Cancer. 1976 May 15;17(5):565-77 [178611] Am J Pathol. 1975 Jan;78(1):71-100 [1109560] Endocrinology. 1987 Jan;120(1):186-93 [2946573] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1775-89 [2837653] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Dec;136(6):1429-34 [2825569] J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 15;261(11):4828-32 [2937782] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Sep 9;822(2):219-42 [3161542] J Cell Biol. 1988 Jul;107(1):1-7 [3134361] Cell. 1986 May 23;45(4):497-504 [3085953] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1050-7 [2431274] Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):5-6 [2431794] J Biol Chem. 1986 Aug 5;261(22):10293-8 [2426261] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1670-4 [2419912] J Immunol. 1986 Apr 15;136(8):2883-91 [2420874] J Clin Invest. 1988 Nov;82(5):1685-93 [3183063] Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Mar;1(3):281-8 [6086008] EMBO J. 1984 Nov;3(11):2627-33 [6096136] Biochemistry. 1984 Oct 9;23(21):5036-41 [6238627] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Oct;130(4):650-8 [6385789] J Clin Invest. 1987 Feb;79(2):319-26 [3543052] Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1986 Oct-Dec;4(4):379-88 [3539433] J Immunol. 1987 Jun 15;138(12):4249-55 [3495584] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9343-7 [3467309] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(1):77-81 [3455760] Biochemistry. 1987 Sep 22;26(19):6178-87 [3689769] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(4):1204-8 [3919388] Nature. 1985 Oct 3-9;317(6036):443-5 [3900742] J Leukoc Biol. 1985 Apr;37(4):407-22 [3855947] Nature. 1984 Aug 30-Sep 5;310(5980):781-4 [6382023] Mol Cell Biol. 1983 May;3(5):787-95 [6865942] Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6-13 [6312838] Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):865-79 [6313211] Nature. 1984 Apr 19-25;308(5961):693-8 [6232463] J Biol Chem. 1980 Dec 10;255(23):11078-80 [6254958] Nature. 1984 Aug 30-Sep 5;310(5980):784-6 [6382024] N Engl J Med. 1984 Jan 19;310(3):154-66 [6361560] Nature. 1983 Dec 8-14;306(5943):609-11 [6358902] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983 Feb;56(2):376-83 [6337177] J Clin Invest. 1983 Nov;72(5):1801-13 [6630527] Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):659-67 [3488815] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jun;75(6):2839-43 [275855] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 2-deoxyglucose on drug-sensitive and drug-resistant human breast cancer cells: toxicity and magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of metabolism. AN - 79594358; 2297696 AB - The glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) was tested as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for drug-resistant cancer cells. Previously it was found that Adriamycin-resistant human MCF-7 breast cancer cells (ADR) exhibit an enhanced rate of glycolysis compared to their parent wild-type (WT) cell line (R. C. Lyon et al., Cancer Res., 48: 870-877, 1987). We now describe a specific toxic effect of 2-DG on the ADR cells, which is more than 15-fold greater than for WT cells. Using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of perfused MCF7 cells we continuously monitored the accumulation of 2-deoxyglucose 6-phosphate together with concomitant changes in other phosphate-containing metabolites. Kinetic measurements demonstrated that ADR cells accumulated 2-deoxyglucose 6-phosphate faster and to a greater extent than WT cells, while their depletion of high energy compounds (ATP, phosphocreatine) was more pronounced and became irreversible earlier. The phosphorylation of 2-DG could be followed more effectively by the use of 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 2-DG enriched with 13C at C-6, since the signals of 2-DG and 2-deoxyglucose 6-phosphate are clearly resolved and, unlike 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, there are no other interfering signals. With the use of this technique with ADR and WT cells the rate of phosphorylation of 2-DG was found to be 11.2 x 10(-4) and 6.5 x 10(-4) mmol/min/mg protein, respectively. The results of these studies indicate that differences in the biochemistry of energy metabolism of resistant cells may make them targets for energy antimetabolites. JF - Cancer research AU - Kaplan, O AU - Navon, G AU - Lyon, R C AU - Faustino, P J AU - Straka, E J AU - Cohen, J S AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 544 EP - 551 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Deoxy Sugars KW - Phosphates KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Glycolysis -- drug effects KW - Phosphorylation KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Drug Synergism KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Resistance KW - Deoxyglucose -- pharmacology KW - Deoxy Sugars -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79594358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+2-deoxyglucose+on+drug-sensitive+and+drug-resistant+human+breast+cancer+cells%3A+toxicity+and+magnetic+resonance+spectroscopy+studies+of+metabolism.&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+O%3BNavon%2C+G%3BLyon%2C+R+C%3BFaustino%2C+P+J%3BStraka%2C+E+J%3BCohen%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of subpopulations of mouse skin papillomas to malignant conversion by urethane or 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide. AN - 79593994; 2105160 AB - Papillomas induced in SENCAR mice by initiation with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and promotion by treatment for 10-12 weeks with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) convert to malignancy at a low frequency. The rate of malignant conversion can be increased by either (a) promoting with TPA for a shorter duration or (b) treatment of papilloma-bearing mice with certain genotoxic chemicals, such as 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO) or urethane. The spontaneous conversion rate of papillomas promoted by 5 weeks of TPA exposure is severalfold higher than that of papillomas arising later during TPA promotion. Here, we compared the sensitivity to the converting agents 4-NQO and urethane of papillomas promoted by TPA for either 5, 10, or 20 weeks. In the mice promoted for 5 weeks with TPA, the already high spontaneous conversion frequency was increased 2.5 times by 4-NQO. A 2-fold increase was found after 10 weeks of TPA promotion. In contrast, no increase was seen with 4-NQO exposure begun after 20 weeks of TPA promotion. Similar results were found with urethane as converting agent. The sensitivity of the papillomas induced by short-term TPA treatment to induced conversion remains high even after a 16-week period without TPA treatment; when urethane exposure was delayed until week 21 after TPA promotion for weeks 1-5, a 2.4-fold increase in the conversion frequency was observed. JF - Cancer research AU - Hennings, H AU - Shores, R AU - Balaschak, M AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 653 EP - 657 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Urethane KW - 3IN71E75Z5 KW - 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide KW - 56-57-5 KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Survival Analysis KW - Papilloma -- pathology KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Skin Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Papilloma -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79593994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+subpopulations+of+mouse+skin+papillomas+to+malignant+conversion+by+urethane+or+4-nitroquinoline+N-oxide.&rft.au=Hennings%2C+H%3BShores%2C+R%3BBalaschak%2C+M%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Hennings&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergy between transforming growth factor-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the induction of monocytic differentiation of human leukemic cell lines. AN - 79593384; 2153423 AB - We examined the effect of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) alone and in combinations with other factors on the growth and differentiation of the human promyelocytic cell line HL60 and the human monoblastic cell line U937. Treatment with TGF-beta alone did not significantly affect growth or differentiation of HL60 cells, while it significantly inhibited proliferation and induced monocytic differentiation of a small percentage of U937 cells. Combinations of TGF-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) acted in synergy to inhibit cell proliferation and to induce monocytic differentiation of both HL60 and U937 cells. In contrast, no synergy was observed when HL60 cells were treated with TGF-beta in various combinations with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and retinoic acid. Examination of TNF-alpha receptor expression on HL60 and U937 cells showed that these cell lines expressed comparable levels of high-affinity TNF-alpha binding sites. Treatment of HL60 and U937 cells with TGF-beta did not induce significant changes in TNF-alpha receptor expression in either cell line. In contrast, HL60 cells expressed much lower levels of TGF-beta receptors than did U937 cells. Treatment of both HL60 and U937 cells with TNF-alpha induced a dose-dependent increase in expression of TGF-beta receptors, suggesting that the synergy between TNF-alpha and TGF-beta may result, at least in part, from upregulation of TGF-beta receptor expression by TNF-alpha. JF - Blood AU - De Benedetti, F AU - Falk, L A AU - Ellingsworth, L R AU - Ruscetti, F W AU - Faltynek, C R AD - Laboratory of Biochemical Physiology, Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 626 EP - 632 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0006-4971, 0006-4971 KW - Interferon Type I KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute -- pathology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Interferon Type I -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Interferon-gamma -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Myeloid -- pathology KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- cytology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79593384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Synergy+between+transforming+growth+factor-beta+and+tumor+necrosis+factor-alpha+in+the+induction+of+monocytic+differentiation+of+human+leukemic+cell+lines.&rft.au=De+Benedetti%2C+F%3BFalk%2C+L+A%3BEllingsworth%2C+L+R%3BRuscetti%2C+F+W%3BFaltynek%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=De+Benedetti&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=00064971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA interstrand cross-link and free radical formation in a human multidrug-resistant cell line from mitomycin C and its analogues. AN - 79592383; 2153443 AB - A subline of the human breast tumor cell line (MCF-7), selected for resistance to Adriamycin and having the multidrug resistance phenotype, also developed significant cross-resistance to mitomycin C and its two analogues, BMY 25282 and BMY 25067. Because mitomycin C and the analogues contain both quinone and aziridine moieties, the mechanism of tumor cell kill is thought to involve alkylation and cross-linking of DNA molecules, hence they are not expected to show cross-resistance to cells selected for resistance to a DNA intercalator. Studies to understand this novel observation show that the resistant MCF-7 cells form significantly less hydroxyl radical and DNA cross-linking in the presence of mitomycin C and BMY 25282 than the sensitive cells. Although BMY 25067 formed less free radicals in the resistant cells, similar to the other two drugs, the formation of DNA cross-links was identical in both cell lines, indicating a somewhat different mechanism of tumor cell kill by this analogue. DNA cross-link formation increased slightly with time in the sensitive cells while there was a small decrease in the resistant cells. This difference in the formation of toxic intermediates appeared to result from enhanced detoxification of reactive species (hydrogen peroxide and alkylating intermediates) as a result of significantly higher glutathione peroxidase (14-fold) and glutathione S-transferase (44-fold) activities in the resistant cell line. These events, i.e., free radical formation and DNA alkylation, showed a good correlation with the cytotoxicity in drug-sensitive cells, indicating that both mechanisms contribute to cell killing of human breast tumor cells. JF - Cancer research AU - Dusre, L AU - Rajagopalan, S AU - Eliot, H M AU - Covey, J M AU - Sinha, B K AD - Clinical Pharmacology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20893. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 648 EP - 652 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Cross-Linking Reagents KW - Free Radicals KW - Mitomycins KW - Mitomycin KW - 50SG953SK6 KW - N(6)-((dimethylamino)methylene)mitomycin C KW - 88949-01-3 KW - N-7-(2-(nitrophenyldithio)ethyl)mitomycin C KW - 95056-36-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Mitomycins -- toxicity KW - Drug Resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79592383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=DNA+interstrand+cross-link+and+free+radical+formation+in+a+human+multidrug-resistant+cell+line+from+mitomycin+C+and+its+analogues.&rft.au=Dusre%2C+L%3BRajagopalan%2C+S%3BEliot%2C+H+M%3BCovey%2C+J+M%3BSinha%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Dusre&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in T cell activation. AN - 79541624; 1967276 AB - A novel class of cell surface proteins are attached to the plasma membrane via a phosphatidylinositol (PI)-glycan anchoring structure, and these proteins can be selectively removed from the cell surface by the enzyme PI-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Enzyme treatment led to a prolonged reduction in cell surface expression of several PI-anchored proteins. Activation of T cells led to a marked decrease in the ability of PI-PLC to remove PI-anchored surface proteins from the activated T cells. This decrease in PI-PLC sensitivity may reflect an alteration in the PI-glycan anchoring structures, or in a general membrane property, which renders the PI-anchored proteins inaccessible to the enzyme. When murine T lymphocytes were treated with PI-PLC and then stimulated with either Con A, the calcium ionophore A23187 and PMA, or an anti-CD3 mAb, the response to Con A stimulation was inhibited by 90%, whereas the responses to ionophore and PMA or anti-CD3 were not affected. Removal of PI-anchored proteins inhibited an early event in the activation process in response to Con A because both IL-2 production and IL-2R expression were inhibited by the PI-PLC treatment. Inhibition of the Con A response was secondary to removal of a PI-linked protein from the responder T cell population because PI-PLC treatment of T-depleted spleen cells did not alter their ability to act as a source of accessory cells. It is unlikely that removal of the known PI-linked proteins on murine T cells, Thy-1 and Ly-6, can fully account for the inhibition of Con A response because the cell line M2B3, that lacks these surface proteins, responded normally to Con A stimulation. These studies demonstrate that one or more PI-anchored T cell proteins play an important role in an early step of Con A activation, perhaps involving T cell-accessory cell interactions. In contrast, the ability to stimulate T cells by direct cross-linking of TCR/CD3 complex is not dependent on the presence of these PI-anchored proteins. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Presky, D H AU - Low, M G AU - Shevach, E M AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 860 EP - 868 VL - 144 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, Ly KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Surface KW - Antigens, Thy-1 KW - Glycosylphosphatidylinositols KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Polysaccharides KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Concanavalin A KW - 11028-71-0 KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C KW - EC 3.1.4.11 KW - Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase KW - EC 4.6.1.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Antigens, Ly -- physiology KW - Antigens, Surface -- physiology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- immunology KW - Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases -- pharmacology KW - Antigens, Surface -- analysis KW - Concanavalin A -- pharmacology KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Polysaccharides -- physiology KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79541624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Role+of+phosphatidylinositol-anchored+proteins+in+T+cell+activation.&rft.au=Presky%2C+D+H%3BLow%2C+M+G%3BShevach%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Presky&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a diphtheria toxin mutant conjugate directed against antigen-specific B cells expressing high affinity surface Ig. AN - 79539183; 2295812 AB - Modification of a mutant diphtheria toxin, possessing reduced binding capacity, with TNP groups resulted in an Ag-toxin conjugate capable of eliminating TNP-specific B cells. Previous experimental approaches to the elimination of Ag-specific B cells have involved the conjugation of Ag to holoricin molecules or ricin A chain. Holoricin conjugates possess efficacy, but display high nonspecific toxicity. A chain conjugates, which appear specific, lack high potency. In developing the diphtheria toxin-based conjugate, we found high potency for target anti-TNP hybridoma cells and for spleen cells isolated from TNP-immunized mice. The similar intoxication of nontarget cells required concentrations approximately three orders of magnitude higher. Additionally, it was found that the TNP-specific agent may have selectively depleted B cells producing high affinity IgG anti-TNP antibodies. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Marsh, J W AU - Klinman, D M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/02/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Feb 01 SP - 1046 EP - 1051 VL - 144 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Diphtheria Toxin KW - 0 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- immunology KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice KW - Mutation KW - B-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- administration & dosage KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell -- immunology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Diphtheria Toxin -- genetics KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79539183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+diphtheria+toxin+mutant+conjugate+directed+against+antigen-specific+B+cells+expressing+high+affinity+surface+Ig.&rft.au=Marsh%2C+J+W%3BKlinman%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Marsh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence analysis of amphotropic and 10A1 murine leukemia viruses: close relationship to mink cell focus-inducing viruses. AN - 79538179; 2153240 AB - Viral interference studies have demonstrated the existence of four distinct murine leukemia virus (MuLV) receptors on NIH 3T3 mouse cells. The four viral interference groups are ecotropic MuLV; mink cell focus inducing virus (MCF); amphotropic MuLV; and 10A1, a recombinant derivative of amphotropic MuLV that uses a unique receptor but also retains affinity for the amphotropic MuLV receptor. We report here that 10A1 infects rat and hamster cells, unlike its amphotropic parent. We isolated an infectious molecular clone of 10A1 and present here the sequences of the env genes and enhancer regions of amphotropic MuLV and 10A1. The deduced amino acid sequences of amphotropic MuLV and 10A1 gp70su are remarkably similar to those of MCF and xenotropic MuLV (for which mouse cells lack receptors), with 64% amino acids identical in the four groups. We generated a consensus from these comparisons. Further, the differences are largely localized to a few discrete regions: (i) amphotropic MuLV has two short insertions relative to MCF, at residues 87 to 92 and 163 to 169, and (ii) amphotropic MuLV and MCF are totally different in a hypervariable region, which is greater than 30% proline, at residues approximately 253 to 304. 10A1 closely resembles amphotropic MuLV in its N terminus but contains an MCF-type hypervariable region. These results suggest the possibility that receptor specificity is localized in these short variable regions and further that the unique receptor specificity of 10A1 is due to the novel combination of amphotropic MuLV and MCF sequences rather than to the presence of any novel sequences. The Env proteins of ecotropic MuLV are far more distantly related to those of the other four groups than the latter are to each other. We also found that the enhancer regions of amphotropic MuLV and 10A1 are nearly identical, although 10A1 is far more leukemogenic than amphotropic MuLV. JF - Journal of virology AU - Ott, D AU - Friedrich, R AU - Rein, A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 757 EP - 766 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Rats KW - Base Sequence KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA, Viral -- isolation & purification KW - Helper Viruses -- genetics KW - Species Specificity KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Leukemia Virus, Murine -- genetics KW - Mink Cell Focus-Inducing Viruses -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79538179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Sequence+analysis+of+amphotropic+and+10A1+murine+leukemia+viruses%3A+close+relationship+to+mink+cell+focus-inducing+viruses.&rft.au=Ott%2C+D%3BFriedrich%2C+R%3BRein%2C+A&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M59191; GENBANK; M33470; M55596; M33469; M55597 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;9(2):739-46 [2540425] Virology. 1982 Jul 15;120(1):251-7 [6285602] Nature. 1971 Feb 19;229(5286):564-6 [4925356] J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503-17 [1195397] J Virol. 1977 Mar;21(3):965-73 [191655] Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180-2 [322279] J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237-51 [881736] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] J Virol. 1981 Sep;39(3):777-91 [6270351] Int J Cancer. 1982 Mar 15;29(3):345-50 [6279528] Virology. 1982 Feb;117(1):262-6 [6278739] J Virol. 1983 Jan;45(1):1-9 [6296423] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Feb;80(3):726-30 [6572363] J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):718-25 [6574260] J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):471-8 [6319746] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387-95 [6546423] J Virol. 1984 Mar;49(3):828-40 [6321768] Virology. 1984 Jul 15;136(1):144-52 [6330990] J Virol. 1985 Jan;53(1):158-65 [2981335] Virology. 1985 Feb;141(1):119-29 [2983494] Cell. 1986 May 9;45(3):365-74 [3009025] Virology. 1986 Jul 30;152(2):343-54 [3014723] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Mar;7(3):1101-10 [3561410] J Virol. 1987 Jul;61(7):2225-31 [3035222] J Virol. 1987 Sep;61(9):2659-69 [3039159] Nature. 1981 Oct 15-21;293(5833):543-8 [6169994] J Mol Biol. 1967 Jun 14;26(2):365-9 [4291934] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of fetal mesencephalon implants on primate MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Histochemical and behavioral studies. AN - 79533139; 2295921 AB - Parkinsonism or hemiparkinsonism was induced by administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in four rhesus monkeys, which then received homologous fetal mesencephalon implants into the caudate nuclei. Cavities were prepared in the medial caudate nucleus 2 to 5 weeks before the fetal grafts were implanted. Control studies were conducted in unoperated MPTP-treated animals. Significant behavioral improvement, which occurred within weeks of implantation of fetal mesencephalon, was sustained for up to 7 months. No recovery was seen in the unoperated control animals. Histological examination revealed numerous surviving tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive cell bodies. In addition to the graft, abundant TH-immunoreactive fibers were observed in the host caudate nucleus ventral to the region of the implanted and the nonimplanted cavities. Since TH-immunoreactive cell bodies of the substantia nigra compacta (A-9 cells) were destroyed by MPTP treatment and the ventral tegmental area (A-10) remained intact, it is concluded that sprouting of remaining host dopaminergic fibers occurs. These newly formed fibers appeared to emanate from the mesolimbic projection to the striatum. It is likely that the newly sprouted dopaminergic fibers account for the motor improvement elicited by precavitation and fetal mesencephalon implantation. These results suggest that the mechanism of recovery of parkinsonian primates after implantation of fetal dopaminergic tissue into the caudate nucleus is by stimulation of sprouting from host neurons. They also suggest that, with identification of the factors responsible for the formation of the new dopaminergic neuronal processes and with further development, tissue implantation may be an effective therapy for Parkinson's disease in humans. JF - Journal of neurosurgery AU - Bankiewicz, K S AU - Plunkett, R J AU - Jacobowitz, D M AU - Porrino, L AU - di Porzio, U AU - London, W T AU - Kopin, I J AU - Oldfield, E H AD - CNS Implantation Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/02// PY - 1990 DA - February 1990 SP - 231 EP - 244 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3085, 0022-3085 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- chemically induced KW - Caudate Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Caudate Nucleus -- surgery KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Autoradiography KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- metabolism KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- surgery KW - Psychomotor Performance KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fetus KW - Mesencephalon -- transplantation KW - Transplantation, Homologous KW - Mesencephalon -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79533139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+fetal+mesencephalon+implants+on+primate+MPTP-induced+parkinsonism.+Histochemical+and+behavioral+studies.&rft.au=Bankiewicz%2C+K+S%3BPlunkett%2C+R+J%3BJacobowitz%2C+D+M%3BPorrino%2C+L%3Bdi+Porzio%2C+U%3BLondon%2C+W+T%3BKopin%2C+I+J%3BOldfield%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Bankiewicz&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-02-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurosurgery&rft.issn=00223085&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Neurosurg. 1991 Jan;74(1):157-9 [1984501] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of activation of cholera toxin by ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF): both low- and high-affinity interactions of ARF with guanine nucleotides promote toxin activation. AN - 79777331; 2111167 AB - Activation of adenylyl cyclase by cholera toxin A subunit (CT-A) results from the ADP-ribosylation of the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (GS alpha). This process requires GTP and an endogenous guanine nucleotide binding protein known as ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF). One membrane (mARF) and two soluble forms (sARF I and sARF II) of ARF have been purified from bovine brain. Because the conditions reported to enhance the binding of guanine nucleotides by ARF differ from those observed to promote optimal activity, we sought to characterize the determinants influencing the functional interaction of guanine nucleotides with ARF. High-affinity GTP binding by sARF II (apparent KD of approximately 70 nM) required Mg2+, DMPC, and sodium cholate. sARF II, in DMPC/cholate, also enhanced CT-A ADP-ribosyltransferase activity (apparent EC50 for GTP of approximately 50 nM), although there was a delay before achievement of a maximal rate of sARF II stimulated toxin activity. The delay was abolished by incubation of sARF II with GTP at 30 degrees C before initiation of the assay. In contrast, a maximal rate of activation of toxin by sARF II, in 0.003% SDS, occurred without delay (apparent EC50 for GTP of approximately 5 microM). High-affinity GTP binding by sARF II was not detectable in SDS. Enhancement of CT-A ADP-ribosyltransferase activity by sARF II, therefore, can occur under conditions in which sARF II exhibits either a relatively low affinity or a relatively high affinity for GTP. The interaction of GTP with ARF under these conditions may reflect ways in which intracellular membrane and cytosolic environments modulate GTP-mediated activation of ARF. JF - Biochemistry AU - Bobak, D A AU - Bliziotes, M M AU - Noda, M AU - Tsai, S C AU - Adamik, R AU - Moss, J AD - Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/30/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 30 SP - 855 EP - 861 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Cholic Acids KW - 0 KW - Detergents KW - Guanine Nucleotides KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Phospholipids KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases KW - EC 2.4.2.30 KW - ADP-Ribosylation Factors KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine KW - U86ZGC74V5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Phospholipids -- pharmacology KW - Cholic Acids -- metabolism KW - Detergents -- pharmacology KW - Protein Binding KW - Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases -- metabolism KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Cattle KW - Kinetics KW - Guanine Nucleotides -- metabolism KW - Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine -- metabolism KW - Intracellular Membranes -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79777331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+activation+of+cholera+toxin+by+ADP-ribosylation+factor+%28ARF%29%3A+both+low-+and+high-affinity+interactions+of+ARF+with+guanine+nucleotides+promote+toxin+activation.&rft.au=Bobak%2C+D+A%3BBliziotes%2C+M+M%3BNoda%2C+M%3BTsai%2C+S+C%3BAdamik%2C+R%3BMoss%2C+J&rft.aulast=Bobak&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-30&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glucocorticoid receptor binding to calf thymus DNA. 2. Role of a DNA-binding activity factor in receptor heterogeneity and a multistep mechanism of receptor activation. AN - 79776635; 1692739 AB - In the preceding paper [Cavanaugh, A. H., & Simons, S. S., Jr. (1990) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)], we characterized an apparently identical factor in the cytosol and the nuclear extract of HTC cells that is required for the DNA binding of approximately 43% of the activated receptor-glucocorticoid complexes. In the present study, both those activated complexes that are influenced by this factor and the role of this factor in the process of activation are examined. We find that sodium arsenite inhibits only the DNA binding of those complexes that require factor. Conversely, methyl methane-thiolsulfonate inhibits the DNA binding of only those complexes that are independent of factor. These results provide direct chemical evidence for two populations of activated complexes. Double-reciprocal plots revealed that the increase in DNA binding with endogenous factor occurred by recruiting new complexes for DNA binding as opposed to increasing the binding affinity of existing complexes. These results further suggest that factor associates only with the receptor-steroid complex and does not additionally interact with DNA. A saturable association of factor with complexes was indicated since the amount of available factor in cytosolic solutions decreased after activation of the complexes. Sodium molybdate is known to inhibit the activation of HTC cell receptor-steroid complexes. When factor was added to complexes that had been subjected to activating conditions in the presence of the inhibitor sodium molybdate, no increased DNA binding was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Biochemistry AU - Cavanaugh, A H AU - Simons, S S AD - Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/30/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 30 SP - 996 EP - 1002 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Dextrans KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Sodium Compounds KW - methyl methanethiosulfonate KW - 2949-92-0 KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Molybdenum KW - 81AH48963U KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - sephadex KW - 9014-76-0 KW - sodium molybdate(VI) KW - 948QAQ08I1 KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate KW - AT5C31J09G KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Chemistry KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Molybdenum -- pharmacology KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Arsenic -- pharmacology KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methyl Methanesulfonate -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Thymus Gland -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79776635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Glucocorticoid+receptor+binding+to+calf+thymus+DNA.+2.+Role+of+a+DNA-binding+activity+factor+in+receptor+heterogeneity+and+a+multistep+mechanism+of+receptor+activation.&rft.au=Cavanaugh%2C+A+H%3BSimons%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Cavanaugh&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-30&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of protein kinase CI in NIH 3T3 cells increases its growth response to specific activators. AN - 79592489; 2298303 AB - In order to investigate the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) expression on cellular growth and morphology, we established mouse fibroblast cell populations which expressed the rat pkc-gamma gene under the control of a retroviral promoter. NIH 3T3 stable transfectants displayed a three-fold increase in total PKC levels. These cells appeared morphologically unaltered but exhibited a stronger mitogenic response to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and cardiolipin (CL) as well as enhanced growth in semisolid medium in the presence of TPA. Thus, at these enzyme levels, PKC conferred growth advantages to NIH 3T3 cells only in response to specific activators. JF - FEBS letters AU - Cuadrado, A AU - Molloy, C J AU - Pech, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/29/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 29 SP - 281 EP - 284 VL - 260 IS - 2 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - Cardiolipins KW - 0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Transfection KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Plasmids KW - Cloning, Molecular -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic -- drug effects KW - Protein Kinase C -- genetics KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Cardiolipins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79592489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+letters&rft.atitle=Expression+of+protein+kinase+CI+in+NIH+3T3+cells+increases+its+growth+response+to+specific+activators.&rft.au=Cuadrado%2C+A%3BMolloy%2C+C+J%3BPech%2C+M&rft.aulast=Cuadrado&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-29&rft.volume=260&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of arginine vasopressin binding sites in mouse lateral septum by treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. AN - 79763617; 2110843 AB - The neuropeptide arginine vasopressin modulates neuroadaptive processes, including memory consolidation and functional tolerance to ethanol, by actions at CNS V1 receptors. Noradrenergic systems play a role in these actions of the peptide. To assess whether vasopressin may act presynaptically on catecholamine neurons, vasopressin receptors were measured by quantitative autoradiography in the lateral septum, an area that is innervated by catecholaminergic neurons and has a high density of V1 receptors, of control and 6-hydroxydopamine-treated mice. Vasopressin receptors were distributed non-uniformly throughout the lateral septum, with greater binding in the more caudal regions. Treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine lowered septal catecholamine levels and vasopressin binding, with a greater effect on binding in the intermediate and caudal portions of the lateral septum. Pretreatment with desmethylimipramine reversed the depletion of norepinephrine, and attenuated the effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on vasopressin binding in the intermediate region, but was less effective in the caudal region of the lateral septum. The results suggest that a portion of septal vasopressin receptors are localized on the terminals of noradrenergic and, possibly, dopaminergic neurons, consistent with the hypothesis that certain neuroadaptive responses to vasopressin could be mediated by modulation of neurotransmitter release. In contrast to the results with 6-hydroxydopamine, treatment of mice with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, to destroy serotonergic terminals, did not alter vasopressin binding in the lateral septum. JF - Brain research AU - Ishizawa, H AU - Tabakoff, B AU - Mefford, I N AU - Hoffman, P L AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/22/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 22 SP - 189 EP - 194 VL - 507 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Hydroxydopamines KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Receptors, Angiotensin KW - Receptors, Vasopressin KW - Oxidopamine KW - 8HW4YBZ748 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Hydroxydopamines -- pharmacology KW - Septal Nuclei -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Angiotensin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79763617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+arginine+vasopressin+binding+sites+in+mouse+lateral+septum+by+treatment+with+6-hydroxydopamine.&rft.au=Ishizawa%2C+H%3BTabakoff%2C+B%3BMefford%2C+I+N%3BHoffman%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Ishizawa&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-22&rft.volume=507&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbamylcholine inhibits beta-adrenergic receptor-coupled Gs protein function proximal to adenylate cyclase. AN - 79591162; 2153580 AB - The specific mechanism by which the inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gi) mediates the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity is still unclear. The subunit dissociation model, based on studies in purified or reconstituted systems, suggests that the beta gamma subunit, which is dissociated with activation of Gi, inhibits the function of the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gs) by reducing the concentration of the free alpha s subunit. In the present study, Gs protein function is determined by measuring cholera toxin-blockable, isoproterenol-induced increases in guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding capacity to rat cardiac ventricle membrane preparations. Carbamylcholine totally inhibited this beta-adrenergic receptor-coupled Gs protein function. Pretreatment of the cardiac ventricle membrane with pertussis toxin prevented this muscarinic agonist effect. These results confirm the possibility of an inhibitory agonist-receptor coupled effect through Gi on Gs protein function proximal to the catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase in an intact membrane preparation. JF - FEBS letters AU - Avissar, S AU - Schreiber, G AD - Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 15 SP - 95 EP - 97 VL - 260 IS - 1 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Adenylyl Cyclases KW - EC 4.6.1.1 KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Binding Sites -- drug effects KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Male KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Adenylyl Cyclases -- metabolism KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta -- physiology KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta -- drug effects KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79591162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+letters&rft.atitle=Carbamylcholine+inhibits+beta-adrenergic+receptor-coupled+Gs+protein+function+proximal+to+adenylate+cyclase.&rft.au=Avissar%2C+S%3BSchreiber%2C+G&rft.aulast=Avissar&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-15&rft.volume=260&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of enhancer-like elements in human IFN-gamma genomic DNA. AN - 79543990; 2104904 AB - We have previously shown that transfection of a plasmid clone containing full length human IFN-gamma genomic DNA into a murine T-lymphoblastoid line is followed by basal expression of the transfected gene, with increased transcription occurring upon stimulation of the cells with either phorbol ester or IL-2. In addition, upon transfection of this DNA into murine fibroblasts, high level constitutive transcription was observed. In contrast to the results obtained under tissue culture conditions, introduction of the same DNA into the mouse germline resulted in tissue-specific expression of the transgene. We now report identification of a region 500-bp 5' of the human IFN-gamma TATAA box that has strong, PMA-inducible, enhancer-like activity when linked to a reporter gene (CAT) and transfected into a murine T cell line. However, when the same region of IFN-gamma genomic DNA was introduced into NIH-3T3 cells, no enhancer activity was detected either in the presence or absence of PMA. We have further found that an intronic region of the IFN-gamma genomic DNA (nucleotides 405-674) also contains enhancer activity that is functional in either fibroblasts or T cells. Enhancer activity of the intronic region is also PMA-inducible in the mouse T cells but constitutive in fibroblasts. Collectively, our observations suggest that control of human IFN-gamma gene expression is complex, involving noncontiguous regulatory domains in both 5' flanking and intronic regions of that gene. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Ciccarone, V C AU - Chrivia, J AU - Hardy, K J AU - Young, H A AD - Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/01/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 15 SP - 725 EP - 730 VL - 144 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - Interferon-gamma KW - 82115-62-6 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Genes KW - Exons KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Introns KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Interferon-gamma -- genetics KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79543990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+enhancer-like+elements+in+human+IFN-gamma+genomic+DNA.&rft.au=Ciccarone%2C+V+C%3BChrivia%2C+J%3BHardy%2C+K+J%3BYoung%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Ciccarone&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - M32746; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordinate expression of src family protooncogenes in T cell activation and its modulation by cyclosporine. AN - 79541064; 2104905 AB - Activation of T lymphocytes induces transcription of several important genes which encode lymphokines and lymphokine receptors as well as "proliferation complementary" protooncogenes like c-myc or c-fos. Recently, the expression of lck gene, one of the src family gene, has also been shown to be modulated during T cell activation. We, therefore, assessed the question of whether other src family genes are expressed during the activation of T cells and of whether cyclosporine, a potent immunosuppressive drug, affects expression of these genes. We examined the expression of four different src family genes (lck, c-src, fyn, and c-fgr) in addition to the expression of IL-2, c-fos, c-myc, and actin genes in murine T cells which were activated with PMA plus ionomycin or PMA plus anti-CD3 mAb. We found that T cell activation was associated with the up-regulation of these src family genes and that the expression of these genes was specifically blocked in the presence of cyclosporine indicating that these activation-related genes were coordinately regulated. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Furue, M AU - Katz, S I AU - Kawakami, Y AU - Kawakami, T AD - Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 15 SP - 736 EP - 739 VL - 144 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Cyclosporins KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - FYN protein, human KW - EC 2.7.10.2 KW - Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) KW - Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn KW - proto-oncogene proteins c-fgr KW - src-Family Kinases KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Humans KW - Multigene Family KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-2 -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Blotting, Western KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Cyclosporins -- pharmacology KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79541064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Coordinate+expression+of+src+family+protooncogenes+in+T+cell+activation+and+its+modulation+by+cyclosporine.&rft.au=Furue%2C+M%3BKatz%2C+S+I%3BKawakami%2C+Y%3BKawakami%2C+T&rft.aulast=Furue&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-15&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential sensitivity of protein kinase C isozymes to phospholipid-induced inactivation. AN - 79534643; 2295617 AB - Interactions of types I, II, and III protein kinase C (PKC) with phospholipids were investigated by following the changes in protein kinase activity and phorbol ester binding. The acidic phospholipids such as phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl-glycerol, and cardiolipin, which are activators of PKC in the assay of protein phosphorylation, could differentially inactivate PKC I, II, and III during preincubation in the absence of divalent cation. The phospholipid-induced inactivation of PKC was concentration and time dependent and only affected the kinase activity without influencing phorbol ester binding. PKC I was the most susceptible to the phospholipid-induced inactivation, and PKC III was the least. The IC50 values of PS for PKC I, II, and III were 5, 45, and greater than 120 microM, respectively. Addition of divalent cation such as Ca2+ or Mg2+ suppressed the phospholipid-induced inactivation of PKC. In the absence of divalent cation, PKC I, II, and III all formed complexes with PS vesicles, although to a slightly different degree, as analyzed by molecule sieve chromatography. [3H]Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding for PKC I, II, and III was recovered after chromatography; however, the kinase activities of all these enzymes were greatly reduced. In the presence of Ca2+, all three PKCs formed complexes with PS vesicles, and both the kinase and phorbol ester-binding activities of PKC II and III were recovered following chromatography. Under the same conditions, the phorbol ester-binding activity of PKC I was also recovered, but the kinase activity was not. The phospholipid-induced inactivation of PKC apparently results from a direct interaction of phospholipid with the catalytic domain of PKC; this interaction can be suppressed by divalent cations. In the presence of divalent cations, PS interacted preferentially with the regulatory domain of PKC and resulted in the activation of the kinase. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Huang, K P AU - Huang, F L AD - Section on Metabolic Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 15 SP - 738 EP - 744 VL - 265 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - Phospholipids KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Metals -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Phosphatidylserines -- metabolism KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79534643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Differential+sensitivity+of+protein+kinase+C+isozymes+to+phospholipid-induced+inactivation.&rft.au=Huang%2C+K+P%3BHuang%2C+F+L&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=738&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ras gene activation in rat tumors induced by benzidine congeners and derived dyes. AN - 79526638; 2403837 AB - Dimethoxybenzidine (DMO) and dimethylbenzidine (DM) are used to synthesize dyes such as C.I. Direct Blue 15 and C.I. Acid Red 114, respectively. These commercially used dyes are metabolically degraded to DMO or DM in the intestinal tract of rodents and subsequently DMO and DM are absorbed into the blood stream. Animals were exposed to DMO, DM, or the dyes in the drinking water. Tumors obtained from control and chemical-treated animals were examined for the presence of activated oncogenes by the NIH 3T3 DNA transfection assay. Activated oncogenes were detected in less than 3% (1/38) of the tumors from control animals whereas 68% (34/50) of the tumors from chemical-treated animals contained detectable oncogenes. Activated oncogenes were detected in both malignant (25/36) and benign (9/14) tumors from the chemically treated animals but only in one of 13 malignant tumors from the control animals. The presence of oncogenes in the chemically induced benign tumors suggests that oncogene activation was an early event in those tumors. Southern blot analysis of transfectant DNA showed that the transforming properties of the chemically induced rat tumor DNAs were due to the transfer of an activated H-ras (31/34) or N-ras (3/34) gene. One spontaneous rat tumor DNA was found to contain an activated H-ras gene. Oligonucleotide hybridization analysis indicated that the H-ras oncogenes from chemical-associated tumors contained mutations at codons 12, 13, or 61 whereas the spontaneously activated H-ras gene contained a point mutation at codon 61. These data suggest that activation of cellular ras genes by point mutation is an important step in the induction of tumors, at least in rats, by this class of benzidine-derived dyes. Moreover, in light of common histogenesis of the normal counterparts of many of the chemically induced neoplasms and histological evidence of varied tissue differentiation in some basal cell neoplasms, it is possible that most or all of the chemically induced neoplasms were derived from a common epidermal progenitor stem cell population. JF - Cancer research AU - Reynolds, S H AU - Patterson, R M AU - Mennear, J H AU - Maronpot, R R AU - Anderson, M W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/01/15/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 15 SP - 266 EP - 272 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Benzidines KW - 0 KW - Coloring Agents KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 2-tolidine KW - 63HLO2IV6K KW - Dianisidine KW - MJY508JZXV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- genetics KW - Dianisidine -- toxicity KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Mutation KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Gene Amplification KW - Genes, ras KW - Coloring Agents -- toxicity KW - Benzidines -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79526638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=ras+gene+activation+in+rat+tumors+induced+by+benzidine+congeners+and+derived+dyes.&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+S+H%3BPatterson%2C+R+M%3BMennear%2C+J+H%3BMaronpot%2C+R+R%3BAnderson%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-15&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diethyldithiocarbamate and dithizone augment the toxicity of kainic acid. AN - 79612268; 2154290 AB - Male Fischer-344 rats were injected i.p. with diethyldithiocarbamate or dithizone 15 min after kainic acid (KA), s.c. Diethyldithiocarbamate and dithizone reduced both the number of wet dog shakes and the latency to onset of seizures induced by KA. Moreover, they increased the severity of seizures. These compounds may be useful tools for investigating the role of zinc in central nervous system excitatory transmission and/or convulsive phenomena. JF - Brain research AU - Mitchell, C L AU - Barnes, M I AU - Grimes, L M AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/01/08/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 08 SP - 327 EP - 330 VL - 506 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Azo Compounds KW - 0 KW - Chelating Agents KW - Dithizone KW - 60-10-6 KW - Ditiocarb KW - 99Z2744345 KW - dihydroxyethyldithiocarbamate KW - IP73T3KT1R KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Ditiocarb -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Chelating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Dithizone -- pharmacology KW - Seizures -- physiopathology KW - Zinc -- metabolism KW - Azo Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Seizures -- metabolism KW - Kainic Acid -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79612268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Diethyldithiocarbamate+and+dithizone+augment+the+toxicity+of+kainic+acid.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+C+L%3BBarnes%2C+M+I%3BGrimes%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-08&rft.volume=506&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single copy gene for chicken chromosomal protein HMG-14b has evolutionarily conserved features, has lost one of its introns and codes for a rapidly evolving protein. AN - 79607708; 2153836 AB - The evolutionary origins and common features of the genes coding for the HMG-14/-17 family of chromosomal proteins have been studied by isolating and sequencing the chicken HMG-14b gene, the true homolog of the human and calf HMG-14 gene. Comparison of the structure of this gene to that of the human HMG-14 gene and to the human and chicken HMG-17 genes indicates that the HMG-14 and HMG-17 genes evolved from a common ancestor. We postulate that the ancestral gene consisted of six exons. In all genes the first exon codes for the entire 5' untranslated region and for the first four amino acids, which are invariant among all the known members of the HMG-14/-17 protein family. The last exon codes for ten to 16 amino acids and for the entire 3' untranslated region, which, for each gene, constitutes over 70% of the transcript. The DNA-binding domain of the proteins is encoded by two distinct exons. The genes are characterized by 5' regions that are highly enriched in G + C residues and have features characteristic of "housekeeping" genes. The HMG-17 genes are distinct from the HMG-14 in that the 5' regulatory region of the former has two TATA boxes while the HMG-14 genes have no such regulatory element. The chicken HMG-14b gene is a single-copy gene and produces a unique transcript. In this gene, exons II and III are fused and intron 2 is missing. The fusion of the two exons produced a codon for valine in a position that, among all HMG-14/-17 proteins, is unique to HMG-14b. The possible consequences of a valine insertion at the N-terminal end of the DNA-binding domains are discussed. The HMG-14 proteins evolve significantly faster than HMG-17, suggesting that the proteins are subject to different evolutionary pressure. However, certain amino acids are conserved among all the known members of the HMG-14/-17 protein family, suggesting that they are part of the functional domain of this family of chromosomal proteins. JF - Journal of molecular biology AU - Srikantha, T AU - Landsman, D AU - Bustin, M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 05 SP - 49 EP - 61 VL - 211 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - 0 KW - High Mobility Group Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Base Sequence KW - Exons KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Erythrocytes -- metabolism KW - Genomic Library KW - Genes, Regulator KW - Genes KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- genetics KW - Biological Evolution KW - Introns KW - High Mobility Group Proteins -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79607708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=A+single+copy+gene+for+chicken+chromosomal+protein+HMG-14b+has+evolutionarily+conserved+features%2C+has+lost+one+of+its+introns+and+codes+for+a+rapidly+evolving+protein.&rft.au=Srikantha%2C+T%3BLandsman%2C+D%3BBustin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Srikantha&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-05&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+molecular+biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved high-speed counter-current chromatograph with three multilayer coils connected in series. II. Separation of various biological samples with a semi-preparative column. AN - 79535883; 2404024 AB - The semipreparative capability of the newly developed high-speed counter-current chromatograph equipped with a set of three multilayer coils has been demonstrated in separations of a variety of biological samples including triterpenoic acids, indole auxins, bacitracin, flavonoids and tetracycline derivatives, each with a suitable two-phase solvent system. The sample quantities ranging from 50 to 500 mg were efficiently separated within a few hours. The separation of tetracycline derivatives was remarkably improved by adding ammonium acetate to the solvent system. JF - Journal of chromatography AU - Ito, Y AU - Oka, H AU - Lee, Y W AD - Laboratory of Technical Development, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 05 SP - 169 EP - 178 VL - 498 IS - 1 KW - Indoleacetic Acids KW - 0 KW - Tetracyclines KW - Bacitracin KW - 1405-87-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Plants, Toxic KW - Bacitracin -- isolation & purification KW - Tetracyclines -- isolation & purification KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Indoleacetic Acids -- isolation & purification KW - Rhamnus -- metabolism KW - Chromatography -- instrumentation KW - Chromatography -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79535883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography&rft.atitle=Improved+high-speed+counter-current+chromatograph+with+three+multilayer+coils+connected+in+series.+II.+Separation+of+various+biological+samples+with+a+semi-preparative+column.&rft.au=Ito%2C+Y%3BOka%2C+H%3BLee%2C+Y+W&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-01-05&rft.volume=498&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat shock and arsenite increase expression of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene in human renal carcinoma cells. AN - 79534129; 1967174 AB - The multidrug transporter, initially identified as a multidrug efflux pump responsible for resistance of cultured cells to natural product cytotoxic drugs, is normally expressed on the apical membranes of excretory epithelial cells in the liver, kidney, and intestine. This localization suggests that the multidrug transporter may have a normal physiological role in transporting cytotoxic compounds or metabolites. In the liver, hepatectomy or treatment with chemical carcinogens increases expression of the MDR1 gene which encodes the multidrug transporter. To evaluate conditions which increase MDR1 gene expression, we have investigated the induction of the MDR1 gene by physical and chemical environmental insults in the renal adenocarcinoma cell line HTB-46. There are two strong heat shock consensus elements in the major MDR1 gene promoter. Exposure of HTB-46 cells to heat shock, sodium arsenite, or cadmium chloride led to a 7- to 8-fold increase in MDR1 mRNA levels. MDR1 RNA levels did not change following glucose starvation or treatment with 2-deoxyglucose and the calcium ionophore A23187, conditions which are known to activate the expression of another family of stress proteins, the glucose-regulated proteins. The levels of the multidrug transporter, P-glycoprotein, as measured by immunoprecipitation, were also increased after heat shock and sodium arsenite treatment. This increase in the level of the multidrug transporter in HTB-46 cells correlated with a transient increase in resistance to vinblastine following heat shock and arsenite treatment. These results suggest that the MDR1 gene is regulatable by environmental stress. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Chin, K V AU - Tanaka, S AU - Darlington, G AU - Pastan, I AU - Gottesman, M M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 05 SP - 221 EP - 226 VL - 265 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Cadmium Chloride KW - J6K4F9V3BA KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Cadmium -- pharmacology KW - Base Sequence KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Deoxyglucose -- pharmacology KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Heat-Shock Proteins -- genetics KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Hot Temperature KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- biosynthesis KW - Arsenic -- pharmacology KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79534129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Heat+shock+and+arsenite+increase+expression+of+the+multidrug+resistance+%28MDR1%29+gene+in+human+renal+carcinoma+cells.&rft.au=Chin%2C+K+V%3BTanaka%2C+S%3BDarlington%2C+G%3BPastan%2C+I%3BGottesman%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Chin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-05&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A peptide sequence confers retention and rapid degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum. AN - 79531385; 2294595 AB - A nonlysosomal pathway exists for the degradation of newly synthesized proteins retained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This pathway is extremely selective: whereas some proteins are rapidly degraded, others survive for long periods in the ER. The question of whether this selectivity is due to the presence within the sensitive proteins of definable peptide sequences that are sufficient to target them for degradation has been addressed. Deletion of a carboxyl-terminal sequence, comprising the transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail of the alpha chain of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR-alpha), prevented the rapid degradation of this polypeptide. Fusion of this carboxyl-terminal sequence to the extracellular domain of the Tac antigen, a protein that is normally transported to the cell surface where it survives long-term, resulted in the retention and rapid degradation of the chimeric protein in the ER. Additional mutagenesis revealed that the transmembrane domain of TCR-alpha alone was sufficient to cause degradation within the ER. This degradation was not a direct consequence of retention in the ER, as blocking transport of newly synthesized proteins out of the ER with brefeldin A did not lead to degradation of the normal Tac antigen. It is proposed that a 23-amino acid sequence, comprising the transmembrane domain of TCR-alpha, contains information that determines targeting for degradation within the ER system. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Bonifacino, J S AU - Suzuki, C K AU - Klausner, R D AD - Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/05/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 05 SP - 79 EP - 82 VL - 247 IS - 4938 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Peptide Fragments -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79531385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=A+peptide+sequence+confers+retention+and+rapid+degradation+in+the+endoplasmic+reticulum.&rft.au=Bonifacino%2C+J+S%3BSuzuki%2C+C+K%3BKlausner%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Bonifacino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-05&rft.volume=247&rft.issue=4938&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A strategy for the development of two clinically active cisplatin analogs: CBDCA and CHIP. AN - 85265507; pmid-2178792 AB - The antitumor agent cisplatin has a broad antitumor spectrum and has been incorporated into regimens that are curative for some malignant diseases. However, one of the major limitations to its clinical usefulness is the incidence of severe toxicities involving several major organ systems. Therefore, much enthusiasm has been generated for the development of cisplatin analogs that demonstrate an improved therapeutic index in some preclinical models. The two most promising analogs are CBDCA (carboplatin) and CHIP (iproplatin). The preclinical and early clinical trial results have demonstrated that these two compounds show activity in cisplatin-responsive tumors. The preclinical background providing the rationale for the clinical development of these two analogs is described. We suggest a means of screening for each analog's clinical antitumor activity and determining the analogs' utility against specific malignant diseases compared with that of the parent compound or standard treatment. JF - Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology AU - Foster, B J AU - Harding, B J AU - Wolpert-DeFilippes, M K AU - Rubinstein, L Y AU - Clagett-Carr, K AU - Leyland-Jones, B AD - Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 395 EP - 404 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Chemistry KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Human KW - Animal KW - Mice KW - Carboplatin KW - Drug Design KW - Neoplasms, Experimental KW - Leukemia L1210 KW - Rats KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Comparative Study KW - Cisplatin KW - Organoplatinum Compounds KW - Male UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85265507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Chemotherapy+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=A+strategy+for+the+development+of+two+clinically+active+cisplatin+analogs%3A+CBDCA+and+CHIP.&rft.au=Foster%2C+B+J%3BHarding%2C+B+J%3BWolpert-DeFilippes%2C+M+K%3BRubinstein%2C+L+Y%3BClagett-Carr%2C+K%3BLeyland-Jones%2C+B&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Chemotherapy+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphine-induced metabolic changes in human brain. Studies with positron emission tomography and [fluorine 18]fluorodeoxyglucose. AN - 85249297; pmid-2403775 AB - Morphine sulfate effects (30 mg, intramuscularly) on cerebral glucose utilization and subjective self-reports were examined in 12 polydrug abusers by positron emission tomography and [fluorine 18]fluorodeoxyglucose in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. During testing, subjects sat with eyes covered, listening to white noise and "beep" prompts. Morphine significantly reduced glucose utilization by 10% in whole brain and by about 5% to 15% in telencephalic areas and the cerebellar cortex, assuming no contribution of hypercapnia. When the contribution of PaCO2 (45 minutes after morphine was administered) was partialled out, significant morphine-induced reductions persisted in whole brain and six cortical areas. Irrespective of morphine, left-greater-than-right asymmetry occurred in the temporal cortex, and an interaction between hemisphere and drug was noted in the postcentral gyrus. In most cases, effects on glucose utilization were not significantly related to measures of euphoria. JF - Archives of General Psychiatry AU - London, E D AU - Broussolle, E P AU - Links, J M AU - Wong, D F AU - Cascella, N G AU - Dannals, R F AU - Sano, M AU - Herning, R AU - Snyder, F R AU - Rippetoe, L R AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. PY - 1990 SP - 73 EP - 81 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0003-990X, 0003-990X KW - Morphine KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. KW - Blood Pressure KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Respiration KW - Human KW - Injections, Intramuscular KW - Brain KW - Glucose KW - Clinical Trials KW - Pupil KW - Cerebral Cortex KW - Heart Rate KW - Fludeoxyglucose F 18 KW - Deoxyglucose KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed KW - Placebos KW - Telencephalon KW - Euphoria KW - Laterality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85249297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+General+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Morphine-induced+metabolic+changes+in+human+brain.+Studies+with+positron+emission+tomography+and+%5Bfluorine+18%5Dfluorodeoxyglucose.&rft.au=London%2C+E+D%3BBroussolle%2C+E+P%3BLinks%2C+J+M%3BWong%2C+D+F%3BCascella%2C+N+G%3BDannals%2C+R+F%3BSano%2C+M%3BHerning%2C+R%3BSnyder%2C+F+R%3BRippetoe%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+General+Psychiatry&rft.issn=0003990X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on pediatric patients with absent auditory brainstem response (ABR) later components. AN - 85228329; pmid-2240458 AB - Eleven pediatric patients with only wave I or waves I and II of their ABR were clinically analyzed. The clinical diagnoses of these patients were as follows: 1) anoxic encephalopathy in two cases; 2) neonatal asphyxia in one; 3) infantile Gaucher's disease in one; 4) mitochondrial encephalomyopathy in one; 5) suspected Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in three; 6) degenerative disease of unknown etiology in two (presumptive diagnosis were progressive supranuclear palsy and dentate-rubro-pallido-Luysian atrophy); and 7) infantile spasms with congenital malformation of the brain and bones in one. The incidence of the patients with this type of ABR abnormality was 0.67% among 1,650 of our pediatric patients whose ABRs were examined because of audiological or neurological problems. All eleven patients showed severe mental retardation. Nine of the eleven had convulsions and likewise, eight of eleven showed deterioration in mental and/or motor activities. Furthermore seven of eleven had disturbed consciousness and four of these seven were in deep coma. Other brainstem and bulbar signs and symptoms were frequently found in these patients. In our series, patients without the later components of ABR manifested marked neurological abnormalities inside and outside the brainstem. JF - Brain and Development AU - Kaga, M AU - Murakami, T AU - Naitoh, H AU - Nihei, K AD - National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Chiba, Japan. PY - 1990 SP - 380 EP - 384 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0387-7604, 0387-7604 KW - Asphyxia Neonatorum KW - Human KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Brain KW - Child KW - Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder KW - Brain Diseases KW - Anoxia KW - Mental Retardation KW - Infant KW - Coma KW - Deafness KW - Convulsions KW - Adolescent KW - Gaucher Disease KW - Hearing Loss KW - Female KW - Male KW - Brain Diseases, Metabolic KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85228329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+and+Development&rft.atitle=Studies+on+pediatric+patients+with+absent+auditory+brainstem+response+%28ABR%29+later+components.&rft.au=Kaga%2C+M%3BMurakami%2C+T%3BNaitoh%2C+H%3BNihei%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kaga&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+and+Development&rft.issn=03877604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design issues in chemosensory trials. AN - 85227264; pmid-2403809 AB - Randomized clinical trials in taste and smell disorders have been infrequent, in part because of difficulties in both the design and the conduct of such trials. Hyposmia and hypogeusia, impairments of smell and taste, respectively, have a variety of causes, such as upper respiratory infection, head trauma, or laryngectomy. Once definitive diagnosis is established, eligibility and exclusion criteria may relate to etiology. Since the sense of smell is more acute at younger ages and since women can generally identify odors more accurately than men, either prestratification or poststratification should be considered. A control or comparison group is essential because, occasionally, chemosenses spontaneously return to normal. Patient recruitment may be difficult, depending to a large extent on self-referrals, with the exception of head injury cases. To enroll an adequate number of patients in a reasonable length of time usually requires participation of multiple clinical centers. Objective measurements of taste and smell must be reliably obtained before and after intervention. Design issues specific to chemosensory trials are discussed in the context of an example, a factorial design trial of surgery and steroids in patients with olfactory defects. JF - Archives of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Foulkes, M A AD - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Biometry and Field Studies Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 65 EP - 68 VL - 116 IS - 1 SN - 0886-4470, 0886-4470 KW - Taste Disorders KW - Olfaction Disorders KW - Humans KW - Randomized Controlled Trials KW - Smell KW - Taste Threshold KW - Sensory Thresholds KW - Research Design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85227264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Design+issues+in+chemosensory+trials.&rft.au=Foulkes%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Foulkes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=08864470&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [AIDS and intravenous drug abuse]. TT - Le sida et l'abus de drogue par voie intraveineuse. AN - 80418482; 1670388 AB - The importance of intravenous drug-abuse as a vehicle of HIV and AIDS is evidenced on the basis of recent epidemiological data gathered in the USA. The rate of seropositivity among intravenous drug-addicts (whose total number i is close to one million) is estimated at more than 20 percent. Besides direct contamination, risks of contamination of sexual partners and their offspring can be evaluated from these figures. The programme developed by the National Institute on Drug Abuse against AIDS, aimed at that particular target population, is presented in its various aspects, including basic research, treatment and prevention. JF - Acta psychiatrica Belgica AU - Schuster, C R AU - Pickens, R W AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, M.D. 20857. PY - 1990 SP - 20 EP - 36 VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0300-8967, 0300-8967 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Patient Education as Topic KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Adult KW - Research KW - Health Education KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - HIV Seropositivity -- epidemiology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80418482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Belgica&rft.atitle=%5BAIDS+and+intravenous+drug+abuse%5D.&rft.au=Schuster%2C+C+R%3BPickens%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Schuster&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Belgica&rft.issn=03008967&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - fre DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-18 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of human laboratory data for the assessment of performance in workplace settings: practical and theoretical considerations. AN - 80415220; 2132770 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Heishman, S J AU - Henningfield, J E AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 167 EP - 174 VL - 100 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Psychotropic Drugs KW - 0 KW - Street Drugs KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Social Environment KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Substance Abuse Detection KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- psychology KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Mental Recall -- drug effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80415220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Application+of+human+laboratory+data+for+the+assessment+of+performance+in+workplace+settings%3A+practical+and+theoretical+considerations.&rft.au=Heishman%2C+S+J%3BHenningfield%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Heishman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-02-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drug use patterns and demographics of employed drug users: data from the 1988 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. AN - 80414316; 2132766 AB - This paper has identified some characteristics of full-time working populations who are at higher risk to be substance abusers. In summary, employed people who use drugs are generally between the ages of 18 and 34. Heavy drinkers fall mainly between 18 and 25 years of age. Males are much more likely than females to use marijuana, cocaine, or other illicit drugs and alcohol on a frequent basis. For males, past month use of any illicit drugs and marijuana was higher among those with the lowest personal incomes. For females, past year use of cocaine was higher among those with the highest personal incomes. Females and males with high personal incomes were also more likely than their low income counterparts to use alcohol on a weekly basis. Industries with high percentages of male substance abusers were: construction, wholesale trade, finance, repair services and professionals. Industries with substantial numbers of female drug abusers were manufacturing, retail trade and professionals. JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Kopstein, A AU - Gfroerer, J AD - Statistical Analysis and Population Survey Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 11 EP - 24 VL - 100 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Street Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Accidents, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80414316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Drug+use+patterns+and+demographics+of+employed+drug+users%3A+data+from+the+1988+National+Household+Survey+on+Drug+Abuse.&rft.au=Kopstein%2C+A%3BGfroerer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kopstein&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-02-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metalloporphyrin magnetic resonance contrast agents. Feasibility of tumor-specific magnetic resonance imaging. AN - 80409870; 1966973 AB - The criteria for tumor-specific MRI contrast agents are considered. The metalloporphyrins have been shown to be potential tumor-specific contrast agents due to their selective retention by cancer cells. The Mn(III) water-soluble porphyrin complexes are preferred on the basis of relaxivity and stability. Protein binding in human plasma enhances the relaxivity of Mn(III)-tetraphenylsulfonato-porphyrin (MnTTPS). In preliminary work this agent was shown to enhance MRI contrast at 0.5 T in subcutaneous human colon carcinomas grown in nude mice. Here we report further evidence of enhanced contrast in the same system, and extend this work to human breast tumors in nude mice using a 2 T animal imager. Questions of metalloporphyrin stability, toxicity and dose-contrast relationship are discussed. JF - Acta radiologica. Supplementum AU - van Zijl, P C AU - Place, D A AU - Cohen, J S AU - Faustino, P J AU - Lyon, R C AU - Patronas, N J AD - Biophysical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 75 EP - 79 VL - 374 SN - 0365-5954, 0365-5954 KW - Contrast Media KW - 0 KW - Porphyrins KW - tetraphenylporphine sulfonate KW - 35218-75-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Transplantation, Heterologous KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Breast Neoplasms -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80409870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+radiologica.+Supplementum&rft.atitle=Metalloporphyrin+magnetic+resonance+contrast+agents.+Feasibility+of+tumor-specific+magnetic+resonance+imaging.&rft.au=van+Zijl%2C+P+C%3BPlace%2C+D+A%3BCohen%2C+J+S%3BFaustino%2C+P+J%3BLyon%2C+R+C%3BPatronas%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=van+Zijl&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=374&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+radiologica.+Supplementum&rft.issn=03655954&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AIDS and the provision of drug user treatment. AN - 80407020; 1966836 AB - The emergence of AIDS has triggered significant change in drug user treatment practices. The vast majority of programs are involved in some aspects of AIDS prevention counseling, large numbers encourage HIV testing, and an increasing number of programs offer on-site testing. Resources available to drug user treatment for AIDS prevention will likely depend on the perceived threat of AIDS to the larger community, and the public's belief in the capacity of treatment programs to reduce that threat. Programs will likely face often contradictory demands regarding service delivery. They may be asked to increase client flow while also retaining clients more effectively, providing aftercare, and working with the client's sexual partner(s). It will be the role of program administrators to provide for staff recruitment, retention, and support in an increasingly difficult environment. Alternative treatment settings will need to be explored for those intravenous drug users who cannot or will not enter existing treatment programs. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Brown, B S AD - Community Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 1503 EP - 1514 VL - 25 IS - 12A SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Patient Care Team KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Aftercare KW - Social Environment KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Attitude to Health KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- rehabilitation KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- psychology KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- prevention & control KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80407020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=AIDS+and+the+provision+of+drug+user+treatment.&rft.au=Brown%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=12A&rft.spage=1503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-03-24 N1 - Date created - 1992-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins in Clostridium botulinum pathology: purification of substrates for Clostridium botulinum C3 ADP-ribosyltransferase with different requirements for GTP and phospholipids. AN - 80406767; 2132538 JF - Transactions of the Association of American Physicians AU - Williamson, K C AU - Smith, L A AU - Moss, J AU - Vaughan, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 281 EP - 288 VL - 103 SN - 0066-9458, 0066-9458 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - 0 KW - Phospholipids KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - exoenzyme C3, Clostridium botulinum KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - rhoA GTP-Binding Protein KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - rhoB GTP-Binding Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - ADP Ribose Transferases -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Clostridium botulinum -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80406767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Association+of+American+Physicians&rft.atitle=Role+of+guanine+nucleotide-binding+proteins+in+Clostridium+botulinum+pathology%3A+purification+of+substrates+for+Clostridium+botulinum+C3+ADP-ribosyltransferase+with+different+requirements+for+GTP+and+phospholipids.&rft.au=Williamson%2C+K+C%3BSmith%2C+L+A%3BMoss%2C+J%3BVaughan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+Association+of+American+Physicians&rft.issn=00669458&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1992-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of procedural learning and problem solving in schizophrenic patients by Tower of Hanoi type tasks. AN - 80406719; 2136071 AB - Two versions of the Tower of Hanoi task were used to investigate different components of learning and problem solving in schizophrenia. Prior studies have suggested that a three-disk version (Tower 3), which involves primarily problem-solving abilities and planning, is preferentially sensitive to frontal lobe lesions and that the more difficult four-disk version (Tower 4), which involves "learning by doing," is sensitive to basal ganglia disease. Schizophrenic patients performed significantly worse than normal subjects on Tower 3 and Tower 4. However, they performed at least as well relatively on Tower 4 as on Tower 3, indicating that level of difficulty per se does not account for their poor performance on these tasks. Moreover, they eventually attained perfect or near-perfect performance after four days of repeated administration. Their relatively stronger performance on Tower 4 may have reflected an ability to acquire a procedure and, as such, suggests greater preservation of basal ganglia function than of prefrontal function. JF - The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences AU - Goldberg, T E AU - Saint-Cyr, J A AU - Weinberger, D R AD - Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, NIMH Neuroscience Center at St. Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 165 EP - 173 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0172, 0895-0172 KW - Index Medicus KW - Frontal Lobe -- physiopathology KW - Mental Recall -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Practice (Psychology) KW - Adult KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- psychology KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- diagnosis KW - Basal Ganglia -- physiopathology KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Psychomotor Performance -- physiology KW - Games, Experimental KW - Schizophrenia -- diagnosis KW - Schizophrenic Psychology KW - Attention -- physiology KW - Concept Formation -- physiology KW - Schizophrenia -- physiopathology KW - Problem Solving -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80406719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuropsychiatry+and+clinical+neurosciences&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+procedural+learning+and+problem+solving+in+schizophrenic+patients+by+Tower+of+Hanoi+type+tasks.&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+T+E%3BSaint-Cyr%2C+J+A%3BWeinberger%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuropsychiatry+and+clinical+neurosciences&rft.issn=08950172&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-18 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Evaluation of risk and acoustic damage in a department of metallic carpentry]. TT - Valutazione del rischio e del danno acustico in un reparto di carpenteria metallica. AN - 80406120; 2136338 AB - A study was performed in a ten-years period (1980-1990) inside a metallic carpentry department. We carried out noise level measurements: equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (Leq), personal dosimetry, reverberation time. During the studied period, operation schedule and noise therefore did not change. According our results it appeared a high noisy level (mean Leq 88.3; 89.7) by a fluctuating noise within a building structure with high reverberation time (5 sec.). All employees were young (mean age = 32 years old) and equipped with suitable acoustic protection means: protecting covers with a good lowering of noise level in octave band included between 1 KHz-8 KHz. Audiometry showed a slight worsening among the exposed workers with more seniority and the aged. JF - Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro AU - Monechi, G AU - Bianchi, A AU - Pompetti, A AD - Unità Operativa Prevenzione Igiene e Sicurezza nei Luoghi di lavoro U.S.L. 20/B, Firenze. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 31 EP - 36 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0391-9889, 0391-9889 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Audiometry KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Noise, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Occupations KW - Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80406120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Giornale+italiano+di+medicina+del+lavoro&rft.atitle=%5BEvaluation+of+risk+and+acoustic+damage+in+a+department+of+metallic+carpentry%5D.&rft.au=Monechi%2C+G%3BBianchi%2C+A%3BPompetti%2C+A&rft.aulast=Monechi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Giornale+italiano+di+medicina+del+lavoro&rft.issn=03919889&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Italian DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concurrent and simultaneous use of alcohol with sedatives and with tranquilizers: results of a national survey. AN - 80405556; 1983776 AB - The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of concurrent and simultaneous use of alcohol with sedatives and with tranquilizers in the general population and to examine differences in these rates between important sociodemographic subgroups. The results indicated that a sizable proportion of Americans engaged in both substance use practices in the year preceding the interview. The population estimate for simultaneous use of alcohol in combination with sedatives (i.e., use of both substances simultaneously or on the same occasion) was approximately 3 million while the concurrent use of both substances (i.e., during the same time period) was approximately 4 million. Corresponding figures for the simultaneous and concurrent use of alcohol and tranquilizers were both approximately 6 million. The extent of each substance use practice varied as a function of sociodemographic factors. Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the need for age-sex-ethnic-specific prevention strategies. The need for future analytic epidemiological research to determine the precise relationship between dose, frequency, and duration of concurrent and simultaneous use and each adverse consequence is emphasized. The need for longitudinal research in the general population is also highlighted. JF - Journal of substance abuse AU - Grant, B F AU - Harford, T C AD - Biometry Branch, NIAAA, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0899-3289, 0899-3289 KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents KW - 0 KW - Hypnotics and Sedatives KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Comorbidity KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- epidemiology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80405556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+substance+abuse&rft.atitle=Concurrent+and+simultaneous+use+of+alcohol+with+sedatives+and+with+tranquilizers%3A+results+of+a+national+survey.&rft.au=Grant%2C+B+F%3BHarford%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+substance+abuse&rft.issn=08993289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-18 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping of cytochrome P-450 distribution and function with monoclonal antibodies and cDNA expression. AN - 80400741; 2134683 AB - A large number of cytochrome P-450 forms are responsible for the metabolism and detoxification as well as the mutagenic and carcinogenic activation of numerous classes of xenobiotics. These include drugs and carcinogens and other environmental chemicals. The cytochrome P-450 enzymes are also responsible for the metabolism of endogenous substrates including fatty acids, prostaglandins and all classes of steroids. In order to fully understand the role of each P-450 in a specific metabolic reaction, it is necessary to know both the substrate and product specificity of each P-450 as well as the contribution of the individual P-450 to the total metabolism catalyzed in a tissue containing many P-450 forms. Our laboratory has cloned and expressed, with various vectors, a number of rodent and human P-450s. This technique has enabled us to determine the specificity of individual forms of P-450 for certain substrate utilization and product formation, as well as for the metabolic activation of promutagens to their mutagenic forms. The latter has been measured with the Ames mutagen detection system coupled to mutagen activation by vaccinia expressed single P-450s. Mutagenesis and DNA binding have also been measured with a human cell line stably expressing a single P-450. The former approach determines the specificity of single P-450s in cell lysates and the latter determines P-450 specificity in the living cell. In a complementary approach, we have prepared, characterized and utilized inhibitory monoclonal antibodies to six epitope specific classes of P-450. The inhibitory antibodies block the enzymatic activities of specific P-450s in tissue preparations and thus define the contribution of the single P-450 to the total reaction. This approach can be used to measure many P-450 functions, e.g., substrate utilization, product formation, stereochemical metabolism, mutagen activation, drug toxicity, and DNA binding. The two complementary techniques of cDNA expression and immunoinhibition have been used to examine a number of different classes of compounds with respect to their metabolism and mutagen activation. These approaches may eventually yield an atlas of individual P-450 function and their contribution to the total metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotics. JF - Princess Takamatsu symposia AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Park, S S AU - Aoyama, T AU - Fujino, T AU - Crespi, C L AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 3 EP - 16 VL - 21 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Mutagenesis -- physiology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Cricetinae KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- physiology KW - DNA -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80400741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.atitle=Mapping+of+cytochrome+P-450+distribution+and+function+with+monoclonal+antibodies+and+cDNA+expression.&rft.au=Gelboin%2C+H+V%3BPark%2C+S+S%3BAoyama%2C+T%3BFujino%2C+T%3BCrespi%2C+C+L%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Gelboin&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic processing and carcinogenicity of heterocyclic amines in nonhuman primates. AN - 80400082; 2134682 AB - The potential for human exposure to heterocyclic amine (HAA) mutagens derived from cooking food prompted an evaluation of the disposition and carcinogenicity of three of the HAAs in nonhuman primates, especially cynomolgus monkeys. The three HAAs currently under study are 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4, 5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-MeIQx) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5,b]pyridine (PhIP). These three HAAs were selected on the basis of several factors including structure, mutagenic activity in vitro, concentration in cooked meat, activity in rodent carcinogenicity tests and availability. Studies on the disposition of IQ demonstrated that it was extensively metabolized in monkeys and excreted in urine and feces as metabolites. These metabolites represent predominantly detoxification products of IQ. The extent of in vivo activation of IQ and PhIP was assessed by measuring DNA adducts in various tissues and white blood cells of monkeys following administration of the compounds. Both compounds form high levels of DNA adducts in a number of organs, particularly the liver, kidney, and heart. The carcinogenicity of IQ, 8-MeIQx and PhIP in nonhuman primates has been under study for 5 years, 24 months, and 7 months, respectively. Thus far, IQ has induced hepatocellular carcinoma in 3 of 20 monkeys at doses of 10 mg/kg daily, 5 days/week and in 10 of 20 monkeys at 20 mg/kg on the same schedule. Thus, IQ is a potent liver carcinogen in nonhuman primates and a potential carcinogen for humans. JF - Princess Takamatsu symposia AU - Adamson, R H AU - Snyderwine, E G AU - Thorgeirsson, U P AU - Schut, H A AU - Turesky, R J AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AU - Takayama, S AU - Sugimura, T AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 289 EP - 301 VL - 21 KW - Imidazoles KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Quinolines KW - Quinoxalines KW - 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline KW - 30GL3D3T0G KW - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline KW - 77500-04-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine KW - 909C6UN66T KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - DNA Damage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Quinolines -- toxicity KW - Imidazoles -- pharmacokinetics KW - Imidazoles -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Quinoxalines -- toxicity KW - Quinoxalines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Quinolines -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80400082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.atitle=Metabolic+processing+and+carcinogenicity+of+heterocyclic+amines+in+nonhuman+primates.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+R+H%3BSnyderwine%2C+E+G%3BThorgeirsson%2C+U+P%3BSchut%2C+H+A%3BTuresky%2C+R+J%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S%3BTakayama%2C+S%3BSugimura%2C+T&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of CYP2E1, an N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase. AN - 80399923; 2134674 AB - CYP2E1 is a cytochrome P-450 that is well conserved in many species and carries out oxidation of both endogenous and numerous foreign chemicals. This enzyme is the primary component of the methylglyoxal and propandiol pathways of gluconeogenesis. It is also the principal P-450 involved in metabolism of many small molecular weight chemicals that are found in solvents and in the environment. Among important drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 are anesthetic agents such as halothane, the analgesic acetaminophen, and the muscle relaxant chlorzoxazone. Most importantly CYP2E1 is capable of converting certain procarcinogenic nitrosamines to their active DNA-binding metabolites. The CYP2E1 gene becomes transcriptionally active in the liver soon after birth. Although the physiological stimulus for this increase is still unknown, the molecular basis of CYP2E1 gene activation is becoming clear. Transcription of the CYP2E1 gene is primarily due to the binding of the hepatocyte-specific transcription factor HNF-1 to a segment of DNA just upstream of the start site for RNA synthesis. In adult animals, CYP2E1 is posttranscriptionally regulated through mRNA and protein stabilization. Stabilization of CYP2E1 protein is due to interaction of the enzyme with its own substrate. JF - Princess Takamatsu symposia AU - Gonzalez, F J AU - Gelboin, H V AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 157 EP - 164 VL - 21 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - HNF1A protein, human KW - HNF1B protein, human KW - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha KW - Hnf1a protein, rat KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 KW - 126548-29-6 KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta KW - 138674-15-4 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating KW - EC 1.5.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Transcription Factors -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Acetone -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic -- physiology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- biosynthesis KW - RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional -- physiology KW - Transcription, Genetic -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80399923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+and+posttranscriptional+regulation+of+CYP2E1%2C+an+N-nitrosodimethylamine+demethylase.&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+F+J%3BGelboin%2C+H+V&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Princess+Takamatsu+symposia&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for an unstable DNA adduct from N-nitroso-N-methylaniline. AN - 80398926; 2131819 AB - N-Nitroso-N-methylaniline (NMA) is an esophageal carcinogen in F344 rats. Attempts to detect binding of NMA to DNA or RNA have not been successful. NMA is not mutagenic in the standard Ames bacterial assay, and it did not induce sister chromatid exchanges in mammalian cells. NMA forms the benzenediazonium ion (BDI) during metabolism. This ion has been known to react with aromatic amines, such as adenine, to form triazene coupling products. The purpose of this research was to demonstrate that a triazene adduct, which would be expected to be hydrolytically unstable, was formed by coupling with the adenine residues in DNA. Liver DNA from a rat treated with NMA or from in vitro reactions of BDI with DNA was treated with sodium borohydride. This reaction was shown to result in the reduction of 6-(1-phenyltriazeno)purine to 6-hydrazinopurine (N6-aminoadenine). The hydrolysate of the DNA, presumably containing the hydrazine, was treated with 4-(dimethylamino)naphthaldehyde, and the resulting hydrazone was isolated by reverse-phase HPLC using fluorescence detection. The identity of the adduct was demonstrated by high-resolution mass spectrometry. These data suggest strongly that NMA forms an unstable triazene adduct with adenine in DNA both in vitro and in vivo. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Koepke, S R AU - Kroeger-Koepke, M B AU - Michejda, C J AD - Laboratory of Chemical and Physical Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. PY - 1990 SP - 17 EP - 20 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Borohydrides KW - 0 KW - Diazonium Compounds KW - Nitrosamines KW - benzenediazonium KW - 2684-02-8 KW - sodium borohydride KW - 87L0B9CPPA KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - N-methyl-N-nitrosoaniline KW - 9SM68I29WQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Diazonium Compounds -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Nitrosamines -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80398926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+an+unstable+DNA+adduct+from+N-nitroso-N-methylaniline.&rft.au=Koepke%2C+S+R%3BKroeger-Koepke%2C+M+B%3BMichejda%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Koepke&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-12-30 N1 - Date created - 1991-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytokines and transcription factors. AN - 80396725; 1716484 AB - Transcriptional induction is mediated by transcription factors, which influence gene expression by interacting with specific elements in their regulatory regions. Here we discuss transcription factors involved in the regulation of cytokines and their receptors (interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, and interferon-beta), as well as transcription factors that are activated by cytokines (interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, interferons, and transforming growth factor beta). JF - Cytokine AU - Muegge, K AU - Durum, S K AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Development Program, BRMP, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 1 EP - 8 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1043-4666, 1043-4666 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Interferon Type I KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Interleukin-3 KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 KW - Transcription Factors KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Interleukin-4 KW - 207137-56-2 KW - Interferons KW - 9008-11-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-1 -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Interferon Type I -- genetics KW - Interleukin-3 -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- physiology KW - Interleukin-2 -- physiology KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- physiology KW - Interferons -- physiology KW - Receptors, Interleukin-2 -- physiology KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Interleukin-4 -- physiology KW - Nuclear Proteins -- physiology KW - Transcription Factors -- physiology KW - Cytokines -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80396725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytokine&rft.atitle=Cytokines+and+transcription+factors.&rft.au=Muegge%2C+K%3BDurum%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Muegge&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytokine&rft.issn=10434666&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced phosphorylation of 65 and 74 kDa proteins by tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. AN - 80394181; 1966546 AB - Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) enhanced the phosphorylation of identical cytosolic 65 kDa protein (P65 or l-plastin) and 74 kDa protein (P74) at serine residues in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The isoelectric points of P65 and P74 were 5.6 and 4.7 to 5.0, respectively. The phosphorylation of these proteins increased with a few minutes and reached maximal levels of approximately 3 times the unstimulated levels by 10 minutes. The phosphorylation of P65 and P74 was extensively enhanced by a potent protein kinase C (PKC) activator, PMA. However, there was no translocation of PKC from cytosol to membrane in PBMC that was stimulated with either TNF or IL-1, which suggests that PKC does not participate in TNF or IL-1 signal transduction. cAMP dependent protein (PKA) activators, forskolin and PGE2, failed to increase the phosphorylation, which is in agreement with the data showing that neither TNF nor IL-1 increased cAMP levels in PBMC. These results suggest that induction of phosphorylation of P65 and P74 by TNF and IL-1 is not mediated by PKC and PKA but may be mediated by another protein kinase and result in overlapping of biological activities between TNF and IL-1. JF - Cytokine AU - Shiroo, M AU - Matsushima, K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 13 EP - 20 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1043-4666, 1043-4666 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Phosphoserine KW - 17885-08-4 KW - Prednisolone KW - 9PHQ9Y1OLM KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclic AMP -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Humans KW - Phosphoserine -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation KW - Prednisolone -- pharmacology KW - Cell Compartmentation -- drug effects KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- pharmacology KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear -- metabolism KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80394181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytokine&rft.atitle=Enhanced+phosphorylation+of+65+and+74+kDa+proteins+by+tumor+necrosis+factor+and+interleukin-1+in+human+peripheral+blood+mononuclear+cells.&rft.au=Shiroo%2C+M%3BMatsushima%2C+K&rft.aulast=Shiroo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytokine&rft.issn=10434666&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment and monitoring of patients with lupus nephritis. AN - 80389159; 2129461 JF - Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association AU - Balow, J E AD - NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 58 EP - 59 VL - 5 Suppl 1 SN - 0931-0509, 0931-0509 KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones KW - 0 KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Index Medicus KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- therapeutic use KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Lupus Nephritis -- therapy KW - Lupus Nephritis -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80389159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nephrology%2C+dialysis%2C+transplantation+%3A+official+publication+of+the+European+Dialysis+and+Transplant+Association+-+European+Renal+Association&rft.atitle=Treatment+and+monitoring+of+patients+with+lupus+nephritis.&rft.au=Balow%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Balow&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=5+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nephrology%2C+dialysis%2C+transplantation+%3A+official+publication+of+the+European+Dialysis+and+Transplant+Association+-+European+Renal+Association&rft.issn=09310509&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FR900506 (FK506) and 15-deoxyspergualin (15-DSG) modulate the kinetics of infiltrating cells in eyes with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. AN - 80386788; 1717008 AB - In order to evaluate two new immunosuppressive agents, FR900506 (FK 506) and 15-Deoxyspergualine (15-DSG), the kinetics of infiltrating cells in the eyes of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) were studied. Rats were immunized with retinal S-antigen and treated with different doses of either FK 506 or 15-DSG. The inflammatory ocular tissues obtained at various intervals during the process of EAU were examined using an immunoperoxidase technique. The results were compared with those eyes developing EAU without treatment or with suboptimal doses or a suboptimal dose of Cyclosporine (CsA). Both FK 506 and 15-DSG, like CsA, delayed the cellular kinetics during the course of EAU. However, FK 506 had the greatest effect on the kinetics of T lymphocyte subsets by causing the greatest increase in the recruitment time of the T suppressor/cytotoxic population. FK506 treatment resulted not only in the highest inhibition of expression of IL-2 receptors on T cells, but also in the prevention of the expression of MHC class II antigens on ocular resident cells. Treatment with 15-DSG resulted in general immunosuppression on various infiltrating inflammatory cells. JF - Autoimmunity AU - Ni, M AU - Chan, C C AU - Nussenblatt, R B AU - Mochizuki, M AD - Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 43 EP - 51 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0891-6934, 0891-6934 KW - Antigens KW - 0 KW - Arrestin KW - Eye Proteins KW - Guanidines KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Cyclosporine KW - 83HN0GTJ6D KW - gusperimus KW - UJ0ZJ76DO9 KW - Tacrolimus KW - WM0HAQ4WNM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred Lew KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cyclosporine -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Macrophages -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocyte Subsets -- drug effects KW - Tacrolimus -- pharmacology KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Retina -- immunology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Uveitis -- drug therapy KW - Uveitis -- chemically induced KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Guanidines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80386788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autoimmunity&rft.atitle=FR900506+%28FK506%29+and+15-deoxyspergualin+%2815-DSG%29+modulate+the+kinetics+of+infiltrating+cells+in+eyes+with+experimental+autoimmune+uveoretinitis.&rft.au=Ni%2C+M%3BChan%2C+C+C%3BNussenblatt%2C+R+B%3BMochizuki%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ni&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Autoimmunity&rft.issn=08916934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-29 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenesis in rats by nitrosodialkylureas containing oxygenated alkyl groups. AN - 80385838; 2103836 AB - A number of asymmetric nitrosodialkylureas containing ethyl, hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-oxopropyl or chloroethyl on one or the other side of the nitroso function were given to male and female F344 rats in drinking water. The two compounds containing a 2-oxopropyl group, ethylnitrosooxopropylurea and oxopropylnitrosochloroethylurea were also given by gavage at the same weekly doses as in drinking water. The effect was greater following gavage treatment, both in tumor incidence and in mortality rate. The most potent carcinogen was ethylnitrosooxopropylurea which induced a large variety of tumors, including lung, nervous system, colon, intestine, thyroid, skin and uterus tumors, mammary adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas. A similar pattern of tumors was induced by ethylnitrosohydroxyethylurea and hydroxyethylnitrosoethylurea. Hydroxyethylnitrosochloroethylurea, hydroxypropylnitrosochloroethylurea and oxopropylnitrosochloroethylurea gave rise to tumors in fewer organs. Chloroethylnitrosohydroxypropylurea was very toxic to the kidneys and induced a few lung tumors. Skin tumors were commonly induced by the nitrosodialkylureas in drinking water, but not when given by gavage. JF - In vivo (Athens, Greece) AU - Lijinsky, W AU - Saavedra, J E AU - Kovatch, R M AD - BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. PY - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 5 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0258-851X, 0258-851X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Nitrosourea Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Alkylation KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Nitrosourea Compounds -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Nitrosourea Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80385838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+vivo+%28Athens%2C+Greece%29&rft.atitle=Carcinogenesis+in+rats+by+nitrosodialkylureas+containing+oxygenated+alkyl+groups.&rft.au=Lijinsky%2C+W%3BSaavedra%2C+J+E%3BKovatch%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Lijinsky&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+vivo+%28Athens%2C+Greece%29&rft.issn=0258851X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A treatment crisis: cocaine use by clients in methadone maintenance programs. AN - 80385494; 1876042 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Kolar, A F AU - Brown, B S AU - Weddington, W W AU - Ball, J C AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 365 EP - 366 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Cocaine -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80385494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=A+treatment+crisis%3A+cocaine+use+by+clients+in+methadone+maintenance+programs.&rft.au=Kolar%2C+A+F%3BBrown%2C+B+S%3BWeddington%2C+W+W%3BBall%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kolar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for the use of genetic toxicity tests. AN - 80383865; 2102455 JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Zeiger, E AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicity Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 765 EP - 775 VL - 22 IS - 6-8 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Mice KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80383865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+the+use+of+genetic+toxicity+tests.&rft.au=Zeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Zeiger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6-8&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors associated with elevated risk of HIV among Hispanic IVDAs. AN - 80383814; 1876036 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Barrett, M E AU - Battjes, R J AD - Department of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse, National Institute on Drug Abuse. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 348 EP - 350 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Regression Analysis KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80383814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Factors+associated+with+elevated+risk+of+HIV+among+Hispanic+IVDAs.&rft.au=Barrett%2C+M+E%3BBattjes%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upregulation of rat brain opioid receptors by the chronic administration of morphine: possible evidence for an anti-opiate model of tolerance and dependence. AN - 80383584; 1652070 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Rothman, R B AU - Yang, H Y AU - Long, J B AD - Unit on Receptor Studies, LMC, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 264 EP - 270 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Enkephalins KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Ligands KW - Oligopeptides KW - Receptors, Opioid KW - Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- KW - 100929-53-1 KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide KW - 99566-27-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Enkephalins -- immunology KW - Oligopeptides -- immunology KW - Immunoglobulin G -- immunology KW - Injections, Intraventricular KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Enkephalins -- pharmacology KW - Oligopeptides -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Morphine Dependence -- physiopathology KW - Receptors, Opioid -- drug effects KW - Up-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Morphine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80383584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Upregulation+of+rat+brain+opioid+receptors+by+the+chronic+administration+of+morphine%3A+possible+evidence+for+an+anti-opiate+model+of+tolerance+and+dependence.&rft.au=Rothman%2C+R+B%3BYang%2C+H+Y%3BLong%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Rothman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological evaluation of compounds for their physical dependence potential and abuse liability. XIV. Animal Testing Committee of the Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc. (1990). AN - 80383411; 1876149 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Jacobson, A E AD - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 622 EP - 639 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80383411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Biological+evaluation+of+compounds+for+their+physical+dependence+potential+and+abuse+liability.+XIV.+Animal+Testing+Committee+of+the+Committee+on+Problems+of+Drug+Dependence%2C+Inc.+%281990%29.&rft.au=Jacobson%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opening the "black box" of drug abuse treatment-measurement and evaluation of the treatment domain. AN - 80382625; 1876082 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Ball, J C AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 468 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80382625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Opening+the+%22black+box%22+of+drug+abuse+treatment-measurement+and+evaluation+of+the+treatment+domain.&rft.au=Ball%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outpatient comparison of buprenorphine and methadone maintenance. I. Effects on opiate use and self-reported adverse effects and withdrawal symptomatology. AN - 80382553; 1876130 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Johnson, R E AU - Fudala, P J AU - Jaffe, J H AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 585 EP - 586 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Outpatients KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- psychology KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Methadone -- adverse effects KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Buprenorphine -- therapeutic use KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Buprenorphine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80382553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Outpatient+comparison+of+buprenorphine+and+methadone+maintenance.+I.+Effects+on+opiate+use+and+self-reported+adverse+effects+and+withdrawal+symptomatology.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+R+E%3BFudala%2C+P+J%3BJaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outpatient comparison of buprenorphine and methadone maintenance. II. Effects on cocaine usage, retention time in study and missed clinic visits. AN - 80382328; 1876131 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Fudala, P J AU - Johnson, R E AU - Jaffe, J H AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse Baltimore, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 587 EP - 588 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Outpatients KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Buprenorphine -- therapeutic use KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80382328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Outpatient+comparison+of+buprenorphine+and+methadone+maintenance.+II.+Effects+on+cocaine+usage%2C+retention+time+in+study+and+missed+clinic+visits.&rft.au=Fudala%2C+P+J%3BJohnson%2C+R+E%3BJaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Fudala&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in mood, craving and sleep during acute abstinence reported by male cocaine addicts. AN - 80381754; 1876074 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Weddington, W W AU - Brown, B S AU - Cone, E J AU - Haertzen, C A AU - Dax, E M AU - Herning, R I AU - Michaelson, B S AD - Addiction Research Center/National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 453 EP - 454 VL - 105 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Affect -- drug effects KW - Sleep -- drug effects KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80381754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Changes+in+mood%2C+craving+and+sleep+during+acute+abstinence+reported+by+male+cocaine+addicts.&rft.au=Weddington%2C+W+W%3BBrown%2C+B+S%3BCone%2C+E+J%3BHaertzen%2C+C+A%3BDax%2C+E+M%3BHerning%2C+R+I%3BMichaelson%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Weddington&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of thyroid hormone on epidermal growth factor-like immunoreactivity and growth velocity in cynomolgus monkeys. AN - 80373288; 2100280 AB - To examine the potential role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in mediating the effects of thyroid hormone on linear growth, we measured serum EGF levels by RIA in cynomolgus monkeys before and during methimazole-induced hypothyroidism, and after 9 weeks of T4 replacement at different doses. Ten castrated prepubertal monkeys were rendered hypothyroid by methimazole (0.0125% in drinking water for 12 weeks). Methimazole was continued, and T4 was then administered for 9-week intervals. Six weeks elapsed between successive T4 doses. The sequence of different T4 doses for each animal was random. Serum EGF level was measured at baseline and at the end of each treatment period with a newly developed RIA using a polyclonal antiserum against human recombinant EGF. Serum EGF level correlated significantly with the level of serum thyroxine but not with serum triiodothyronine, over the thyroxine dosage range of 1-4 micrograms/kg/day (r = 0.41, p less than 0.005). Lower-leg growth rate correlated significantly with serum EGF level over this same thyroxine dosage range (r = 0.41, p less than 0.005). These data are consistent with the hypothesis that EGF may mediate some of the effects of thyroid hormone on skeletal growth. JF - Hormone research AU - Huang, Z AU - Ren, S G AU - Burgueno, M M AU - Uriarte, M AU - Garcia, H B AU - Barnes, K M AU - Malozowski, S AU - Cassorla, F G AU - Cutler, G B AD - Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 224 EP - 228 VL - 34 IS - 5-6 SN - 0301-0163, 0301-0163 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - 0 KW - Methimazole KW - 554Z48XN5E KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Hypothyroidism -- blood KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Thyroid Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- blood KW - Thyroid Hormones -- blood KW - Growth -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80373288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hormone+research&rft.atitle=Effect+of+thyroid+hormone+on+epidermal+growth+factor-like+immunoreactivity+and+growth+velocity+in+cynomolgus+monkeys.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Z%3BRen%2C+S+G%3BBurgueno%2C+M+M%3BUriarte%2C+M%3BGarcia%2C+H+B%3BBarnes%2C+K+M%3BMalozowski%2C+S%3BCassorla%2C+F+G%3BCutler%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hormone+research&rft.issn=03010163&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-08-22 N1 - Date created - 1991-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of immunohistochemistry in rodent tumor pathology. AN - 80371549; 2098275 AB - Immunohistochemistry can serve as a valuable adjunct to rodent tumor pathology. Specific antigens may be localized to cells and tissues in normal organs, preneoplastic lesions, and benign and malignant tumors. The immunoreactivity of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to these antigens provide a more accurate basis for tumor diagnosis and aid in understanding pathogenesis. Ultimately, the application of more precise understanding of tumor histogenesis and diagnosis will lead to more accurate interpretations of tumor incidence data for safety assessment in toxicology. JF - Experimental pathology AU - Ward, J M AU - Rehm, S AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 301 EP - 312 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0232-1513, 0232-1513 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Cricetinae KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- classification KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- diagnosis KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80371549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+pathology&rft.atitle=Applications+of+immunohistochemistry+in+rodent+tumor+pathology.&rft.au=Ward%2C+J+M%3BRehm%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+pathology&rft.issn=02321513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Renal tubular cell or hepatocyte hyperplasia is not associated with tumor promotion by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in B6C3F1 mice after transplacental initiation with N-nitrosoethylurea. AN - 80347651; 2097173 AB - B6C3F1 mice of both sexes that had been exposed transplacentally on day 18 of gestation to 0.5 mmole N-nitrosoethylurea (NEU) were fed either normal diets or diets containing di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) at 6,000 ppm beginning at 6 wk of age and continuing to 78 wk of age. At 52 and 78 wk of age, 6-26 mice from each group received a single injection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (Brdu) at 200 mg/kg i.p. and were sacrificed 1 h later for determination of the levels of renal and hepatic DNA synthesis by the Brdu immunohistochemical technique. No differences occurred in incidences of gross or microscopic renal tubular cell tumors between the NEU (males 15%, females 21%) and NEU-DEHP groups (males 10%, females 15%) at 78 wk. The labelling index (LI) of renal cortical tubular cells was significantly increased at 78 wk (22.3 +/- 3.7/mm2 for males, 21.8 +/- 1.2 for females) in mice given NEU and DEHP as compared with NEU alone (9.7 +/- 1.0 for males, 6.9 +/- 0.7 for females). The number and sizes of focal hepatocellular proliferative lesions (FHPL), including hyperplastic foci, hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas, were quantified by image analysis and stereology. DEHP significantly enhanced the mean volume and volume % of FHPL, including liver tumors, but not numbers of FHPL/liver. Hepatocyte LI was also not affected, at least as detected by the technique used, while FHPL had significantly increased LI (14.5-48.3) as compared with normal hepatocytes (0.5-2.4). This study provides some evidence that enhanced chronic cell replication in the kidney may not always be associated with renal carcinogenesis of tumor promotion, while tumor promotion in liver may be a consequence of increased DNA synthesis in initiated or focus cells rather than in nonproliferative parenchymal hepatocytes, which may not be target cells of some tumor promoters. JF - Experimental pathology AU - Ward, J M AU - Konishi, N AU - Diwan, B A AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 125 EP - 138 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0232-1513, 0232-1513 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hyperplasia KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Bromodeoxyuridine -- metabolism KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney Tubules -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80347651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+pathology&rft.atitle=Renal+tubular+cell+or+hepatocyte+hyperplasia+is+not+associated+with+tumor+promotion+by+di%282-ethylhexyl%29phthalate+in+B6C3F1+mice+after+transplacental+initiation+with+N-nitrosoethylurea.&rft.au=Ward%2C+J+M%3BKonishi%2C+N%3BDiwan%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+pathology&rft.issn=02321513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the mechanisms of transformation through analysis of revertant cells. AN - 80344517; 2095917 JF - Immunology series AU - Bassin, R H AU - Benade, L E AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 15 EP - 47 VL - 51 SN - 0092-6019, 0092-6019 KW - EJ-Ha-ras KW - Ki-ras KW - Krev-1 KW - N-ras KW - c-hst KW - c-ret KW - met KW - trk KW - v-Ha-ras KW - v-Ki-ras KW - v-bas KW - v-fes KW - v-fgr KW - v-fms KW - v-fos KW - v-gag-fos-fox KW - v-mos KW - v-src KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genes, Tumor Suppressor KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral -- physiology KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Phenotype KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Oncogenes KW - Models, Genetic KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- physiology KW - Mutation KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80344517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunology+series&rft.atitle=Defining+the+mechanisms+of+transformation+through+analysis+of+revertant+cells.&rft.au=Bassin%2C+R+H%3BBenade%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Bassin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunology+series&rft.issn=00926019&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - EJ-Ha-ras; Ki-ras; Krev-1; N-ras; c-hst; c-ret; met; trk; v-Ha-ras; v-Ki-ras; v-bas; v-fes; v-fgr; v-fms; v-fos; v-gag-fos-fox; v-mos; v-src N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction: exploring the substance abuse-violence connection. AN - 80344121; 2096283 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - De la Rosa, M AU - Lambert, E Y AU - Gropper, B AD - Epidemiology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 103 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Violence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80344121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+exploring+the+substance+abuse-violence+connection.&rft.au=De+la+Rosa%2C+M%3BLambert%2C+E+Y%3BGropper%2C+B&rft.aulast=De+la+Rosa&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of carcinogenesis: a role for TGF-beta and related molecules in prevention of cancer. AN - 80343523; 2095919 JF - Immunology series AU - Wakefield, L M AU - Sporn, M B AD - Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 217 EP - 243 VL - 51 SN - 0092-6019, 0092-6019 KW - RB KW - Retinoids KW - 0 KW - Steroids KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Steroids -- pharmacology KW - Interphase -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Retinoids -- pharmacology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- drug effects KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Depression, Chemical KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Extracellular Matrix -- drug effects KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Genes, Retinoblastoma KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- physiology KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Precancerous Conditions -- drug therapy KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80343523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunology+series&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+carcinogenesis%3A+a+role+for+TGF-beta+and+related+molecules+in+prevention+of+cancer.&rft.au=Wakefield%2C+L+M%3BSporn%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Wakefield&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunology+series&rft.issn=00926019&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - RB N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential enzyme induction of mouse liver and lung following a single low or high dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). AN - 80343142; 2096217 AB - The induction response of cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme activities to a single low (5 nmol/kg) or high (50 nmol/kg, intraperitoneal [ip] dose of TCDD was examined in liver and lung homogenates over a 12-week time course in an outbred, Ah-responsive strain of mice (National Institutes of Health [NIH] Swiss). Total hepatic cytochrome P-450 was quantified, and the dealkylation of ethoxy- and benzyloxyresorufin (activities of P-450 IA1 and IIB1, respectively) were measured in both tissues at 48 and 96 hr and at 1, 4, and 12 weeks post-TCDD administration. Western immunoblotting with monoclonal antibody 1-7-1 was conducted to confirm the specific IA1-inductive effects of each dose of TCDD over the same time course. Following the low dose, specific IA1 induction was apparent in liver at the earliest time point, was maximal at 1 week, and declined to control values at 12 weeks. Pulmonary IA1 was near-maximally induced at 48 hr, and remained at that level for 4 weeks. In contrast, a tenfold higher dose of TCDD elicited similar IA1 induction profiles for both tissues, with a maximum at 1 week and a progressive loss at 4 and 12 weeks postexposure. P-450 IIB1 activity was elevated in TCDD-treated animals by enzymatic assay; however, Western immunoblotting did not confirm this finding. These data demonstrate persistent dose-dependent P450 induction over many weeks by a single TCDD dose, with significant organ-specific differences: (a) lung is more sensitive than liver to a nonmaximal inducing dose of TCDD, and (b) at a maximally inducing dose of TCDD, lung is very similar to liver in both the level and time course of IA1 induction. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Beebe, L AU - Park, S S AU - Anderson, L M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 211 EP - 219 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Microsomes -- enzymology KW - Blotting, Western KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Hypertrophy -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Microsomes -- drug effects KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Lung -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80343142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Differential+enzyme+induction+of+mouse+liver+and+lung+following+a+single+low+or+high+dose+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29.&rft.au=Beebe%2C+L%3BPark%2C+S+S%3BAnderson%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Beebe&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cognitive deficits in abstaining cocaine abusers. AN - 80338580; 2092214 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Herning, R I AU - Glover, B J AU - Koeppl, B AU - Weddington, W AU - Jaffe, J H AD - Cognitive Studies and Human Performance Laboratory, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 167 EP - 178 VL - 101 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Personality KW - Male KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- psychology KW - Cognition Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Cocaine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80338580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Cognitive+deficits+in+abstaining+cocaine+abusers.&rft.au=Herning%2C+R+I%3BGlover%2C+B+J%3BKoeppl%2C+B%3BWeddington%2C+W%3BJaffe%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Herning&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why evaluate for residual drug effects. AN - 80338418; 2092208 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Spencer, J W AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 101 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Drug Residues -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80338418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Why+evaluate+for+residual+drug+effects.&rft.au=Spencer%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Psychotherapy and counseling research in drug abuse treatment: questions, problems, and solutions. AN - 80336626; 2092220 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Onken, L S AU - Blaine, J D AD - Treatment Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 5 VL - 104 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- therapy KW - Psychotherapy -- methods KW - Counseling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80336626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Psychotherapy+and+counseling+research+in+drug+abuse+treatment%3A+questions%2C+problems%2C+and+solutions.&rft.au=Onken%2C+L+S%3BBlaine%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Onken&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocytes in the mouse stomach. AN - 80335650; 2093226 AB - Hepatocytes occurred in the stomach as incidental findings in 4 110-112-week-old mice (3 B6C3F1 and 1 Crl:COBS-CD1) sacrificed at termination of 2-yr toxicity/carcinogenicity bioassays of unrelated chemicals. Both sexes, and control and treated animals, were affected. Grossly, 2 mice only had 1.0-5.0 mm, smooth, cream-colored nodules protruding from the glandular stomach mucosa. Histologically, the glandular stomach submucosa and lamina propria adjacent to the limiting ridge, and in one case, the forestomach submucosa had circumscribed accumulations of well-differentiated hepatocytes with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and round central nuclei. Adjacent gastric glands sometimes exhibited dilation, epithelial hyperplasia, mineralization and/or microherniation into the submucosa. Ultrastructurally, the hepatocytes were polygonal cells with abundant mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum; intercellular bile canaliculus-like structures exhibiting intraluminal microvilli and bounded by desmosomes were also present. No evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma or primary gastric neoplasms was found. No definitive conclusions concerning cell of origin or pathogenesis of these hepatocytes could be made, but hypotheses include congenital anomaly or post-natal transdifferentiation (metaplasia). JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Leininger, J R AU - McDonald, M M AU - Abbott, D P AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 678 EP - 686 VL - 18 IS - 4 Pt 2 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Gastric Mucosa -- pathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Choristoma -- pathology KW - Liver UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80335650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Hepatocytes+in+the+mouse+stomach.&rft.au=Leininger%2C+J+R%3BMcDonald%2C+M+M%3BAbbott%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Leininger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4+Pt+2&rft.spage=678&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of depressive symptoms in children of substance abusers. AN - 80334918; 2093089 AB - The authors investigate the affective and academic functioning of children of substance abusers as possible precursors to later substance-abusing behavior. Thirty-five children of substance abusers and 37 children of non-substance abusers were compared on measures of depression, state and trait anxiety, and three standardized measures of academic ability (reading, spelling, and arithmetic). Children of substance abusers scored significantly lower on depression, trait anxiety, and arithmetic. While there are many implications for these results, the authors discuss their findings with regard to implications for preventive interventions and outline two areas of research necessary for understanding the potential meanings of these results. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Johnson, J L AU - Boney, T Y AU - Brown, B S AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 465 EP - 479 VL - 25 IS - 4A SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Index Medicus KW - Anxiety -- psychology KW - Personality Tests KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Child of Impaired Parents -- psychology KW - Prognosis KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Social Environment KW - Anxiety -- prevention & control KW - Depression -- psychology KW - Personality Development KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Depression -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80334918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+depressive+symptoms+in+children+of+substance+abusers.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+J+L%3BBoney%2C+T+Y%3BBrown%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4A&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preventive interventions for children at risk: introduction. AN - 80333637; 2093087 JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Johnson, J L AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland. PY - 1990 SP - 429 EP - 434 VL - 25 IS - 4A SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Child KW - Personality Development KW - Adolescent KW - Social Environment KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80333637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Preventive+interventions+for+children+at+risk%3A+introduction.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4A&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variation in inducibility of cytochrome P-450c and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in rat liver, lung, kidney, pancreas and nasopharynx. AN - 80332874; 2092329 AB - The effect of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) treatment on the cytochrome P-450c content of various rat tissues was examined by measuring the level of immunodetectable P-450c in conjunction with its aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity. Immunoblots revealed that P-450d was induced in the nasopharynx and pancreas in addition to its previously reported induction in the liver, lung and kidney. In contrast to P-450c, induction of the immunorelated P-450d was observed only in the liver. The specific content of immunodetected P-450c in the tissue homogenates decreased in the order: liver, nasopharynx, pancreas, lung, kidney. The corresponding AHH activities decreased in the order: liver, kidney, lung, nasopharynx, pancreas. The ratio of AHH activity to P-450c content varied widely among tissues: ratios of 37.2:1.7:0.47:0.04:0.02 were obtained for the kidney, liver, lung, nasopharynx and pancreas, respectively. The absence of a direct relationship between the levels of AHH and P-450c indicates that the extrahepatic activity may partially derive from P-450 forms other than P-450c and/or the specific activity of P-450c varies among different tissues. JF - Pharmacology AU - Wilson, J D AU - Miller, H AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Friedman, F K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 256 EP - 262 VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0031-7012, 0031-7012 KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immunoblotting KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- enzymology KW - Nasopharynx -- drug effects KW - Pancreas -- enzymology KW - Pancreas -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Nasopharynx -- enzymology KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Methylcholanthrene -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80332874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Variation+in+inducibility+of+cytochrome+P-450c+and+aryl+hydrocarbon+hydroxylase+in+rat+liver%2C+lung%2C+kidney%2C+pancreas+and+nasopharynx.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+D%3BMiller%2C+H%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BFriedman%2C+F+K&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology&rft.issn=00317012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of four in vitro genetic toxicity tests for predicting rodent carcinogenicity: confirmation of earlier results with 41 additional chemicals. AN - 80331231; 2091921 AB - The effectiveness of four in vitro short-term tests (STT) for genetic toxicity, induction of mutations in Salmonella (SAL) and mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells (MLA), and induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and chromosome aberrations (ABS) in Chinese hamster ovary cells that are used for predicting rodent carcinogenicity were examined. The in vitro results were compared with the results from 41 rodent carcinogenicity studies performed by the National Toxicology Program. The predictive values of, and interrelationships among, the STT for these 41 chemicals were similar to those previously reported for 73 chemicals and confirm those earlier results [Tennant RW, Margolin BH, Shelby MD, Zeiger E, Haseman JK, Spalding J, Caspary W, Resnick M, Stasiewicz S, Anderson B, Minor R (1987): Science 236:933-941]. Because of this similarity among the two datasets, the chemicals were combined into a single dataset of 114. The results with 114 chemicals show that SAL had the lowest sensitivity (.48) and the highest specificity (.91), whereas MLA had the highest sensitivity (.72) and the lowest specificity (.40). The concordances of the test results with rodent carcinogenicity were .66, .61, .59, and .59, for SAL, ABS, SCE, and MLA, respectively. Salmonella was the most predictive for carcinogenicity; 89% of the chemicals mutagenic in SAL were carcinogenic in rodents, however a negative result in any or all of the STT was not indicative of noncarcinogenicity. The STT results reported here show good agreement with the potential electrophilicity of the chemicals, and the majority of carcinogens that are undetected by the STT do not have an electrophilic structure. There was no complementarity among the tests and no combination of the four tests was more effective than any single test for predicting carcinogenicity. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Zeiger, E AU - Haseman, J K AU - Shelby, M D AU - Margolin, B H AU - Tennant, R W AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 16 Suppl 18 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - Mice KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Databases, Factual KW - Electrochemistry KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- standards KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80331231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+four+in+vitro+genetic+toxicity+tests+for+predicting+rodent+carcinogenicity%3A+confirmation+of+earlier+results+with+41+additional+chemicals.&rft.au=Zeiger%2C+E%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BShelby%2C+M+D%3BMargolin%2C+B+H%3BTennant%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Zeiger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16+Suppl+18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - raf oncogenes in carcinogenesis. AN - 80330703; 2091747 AB - There are three active raf genes in man and at least two in Xenopus and Drosophila. The mammalian c- and A-raf genes have 16 coding exons, which span 40 and 20 kb, respectively. B-raf is larger and extends over greater than 46 kb. Human c-raf-1 maps to chromosome 3p25 and A-raf-1 to Xp21. c-raf-1 RNA is present in many tissues, while A-raf and B-raf expression is restricted. A- and c-raf encode cytoplasmic ser/thr protein kinases of 68 and 74 kDa, which contain three conserved regions (CR). CR1 and 2 are in the amino terminal half, CR1 comprises the presumed ligand binding site, and CR3 represents the carboxy terminal kinase domain. All three genes can be artificially activated by deletions, provided CR3 is preserved. However, only c-raf-1 occurs naturally in truncated versions, such as v-raf and v-mil in the acutely transforming retroviruses 3611-MSV and MH2. raf transformation can also be affected by point mutation, suggesting that this mechanism may activate c-raf-1 as an oncogene in carcinogenesis. JF - Critical reviews in oncogenesis AU - Storm, S M AU - Brennscheidt, U AU - Sithanandam, G AU - Rapp, U R AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 8 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0893-9675, 0893-9675 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - 0 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- genetics KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80330703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+oncogenesis&rft.atitle=raf+oncogenes+in+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Storm%2C+S+M%3BBrennscheidt%2C+U%3BSithanandam%2C+G%3BRapp%2C+U+R&rft.aulast=Storm&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+oncogenesis&rft.issn=08939675&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange test results with 42 chemicals. AN - 80330393; 2091924 AB - Forty-two chemicals were tested for their ability to induce cytogenetic change in Chinese hamster ovary cells using assays for chromosome aberrations (ABS) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). These chemicals were included in the National Toxicology Program's evaluation of the ability of four in vitro short-term genetic toxicity assays to distinguish between rodent carcinogens and noncarcinogens. The conclusions of this comparison are presented in Zeiger et al. [Zeiger E, Haseman JK, Shelby MD, Margolin BH, Tennant RW (1990): [Environ Molec Mutagen 16(Suppl 18): 1-14]. The in vitro cytogenetic testing was conducted at four laboratories, each using a standard protocol to evaluate coded chemicals with and without exogenous metabolic activation. Most chemicals were tested in a single laboratory; however, two chemicals, tribromomethane and p-chloroaniline, were tested at two laboratories as part of an interlaboratory comparison. Four chemicals (C.I. basic red 9 HCl, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, oxytetracycline HCl, and rotenone) were tested for SCE in one laboratory and in a different laboratory for ABS. Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate was tested at one laboratory and the chloride form was tested at a different laboratory. Twenty-five of the 42 chemicals tested induced SCE. Sixteen of these also induced ABS; all chemicals that induced ABS also induced SCE. There was approximately 79% reproducibility of results in repeat tests, thus, we conclude that this protocol is effective and reproducible in detecting ABS and SCE. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Anderson, B E AU - Zeiger, E AU - Shelby, M D AU - Resnick, M A AU - Gulati, D K AU - Ivett, J L AU - Loveday, K S AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 55 EP - 137 VL - 16 Suppl 18 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solubility KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Cricetulus KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80330393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Chromosome+aberration+and+sister+chromatid+exchange+test+results+with+42+chemicals.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+B+E%3BZeiger%2C+E%3BShelby%2C+M+D%3BResnick%2C+M+A%3BGulati%2C+D+K%3BIvett%2C+J+L%3BLoveday%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16+Suppl+18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity results for 114 laboratory animal studies used to assess the predictivity of four in vitro genetic toxicity assays for rodent carcinogenicity. AN - 80329452; 2091922 AB - Carcinogenicity results are presented for 114 long-term rodent studies carried out by the National Toxicology Program. Tumor rates are given for each positive or equivocal effect observed in 67 studies judged to show carcinogenic effects and in the 17 studies that show equivocal effects. The liver was found to be the most common site of carcinogenicity for both mice and rats; other frequent target sites included the lung, kidney, hematopoietic system, forestomach, thyroid gland, and mammary gland. The evaluative approach used in reaching decisions regarding the carcinogenicity of chemicals is discussed. No rigid statistical decision rules were employed, and biological as well as statistical factors were considered in the overall evaluation of the data. These long-term studies were utilized in a comprehensive evaluation of the ability of four in vitro genetic toxicity tests to predict rodent carcinogenicity. Details concerning these procedures and the results of this investigation are given elsewhere [Zeiger E, Haseman JK, Shelby MD, Margolin BH, Tennant RW 1990: Environ Mol Mutagen 16 (Supp. 18):1-14]. Interestingly, those chemicals evaluated at relatively low doses in the rodent experiments (because of the underlying toxicity of the chemicals) were far more likely to be positive in each of the four genetic toxicity assays than were "less toxic" chemicals evaluated in higher doses in the rodent studies. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Haseman, J K AU - Clark, A M AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 15 EP - 31 VL - 16 Suppl 18 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Databases, Factual KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- standards KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80329452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+results+for+114+laboratory+animal+studies+used+to+assess+the+predictivity+of+four+in+vitro+genetic+toxicity+assays+for+rodent+carcinogenicity.&rft.au=Haseman%2C+J+K%3BClark%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Haseman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16+Suppl+18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of 42 chemicals in Salmonella. AN - 80327601; 2091923 AB - The mutagenicity results and data for 42 chemicals are reported. All chemicals were tested using the Salmonella/microsome assay preincubation protocol, and four were also tested using vapor phase exposure in a desiccator. These comprise the chemicals studied in the update of the National Toxicology Program's evaluation of the efficacy of in vitro short-term tests for detecting carcinogens and noncarcinogens. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Zeiger, E AD - Cellular and Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 32 EP - 54 VL - 16 Suppl 18 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutagens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80327601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+42+chemicals+in+Salmonella.&rft.au=Zeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Zeiger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16+Suppl+18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The kinetics of peptide binding to HLA-A2 and the conformation of the peptide-A2 complex can be determined by amino acid side chains on the floor of the peptide binding groove. AN - 80324077; 2088485 AB - The ability of amino acid side chains in the floor of the peptide binding groove of HLA-A2 to affect the presentation of a viral peptide to peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) has been examined. HLA-A2 molecules with naturally occurring single amino acid substitutions of Phe to Tyr at position 9 (HLA-A2.4a, Tyr9) and Tyr to Cys at position 99 (HLA-A2.4b, Cys99) and a site directed mutant with a Val to Leu substitution at position 95 (Leu95) were examined for their ability to present the influenza virus matrix M1 55-73 peptide and several sequence variants of the M1 peptide to a panel of 36 M1 55-73-specific HLA-A2.1-restricted CTL lines. The Leu95 molecule demonstrated enhanced kinetics of M1 peptide presentation and the ability to be sensitized by lower concentrations of the M1 peptide than the A2.1 molecule. The Tyr9 and Cys99 molecules exposed to M1 peptide were not recognized by 33 out of 36 CTL lines. The Tyr9 and Cys99 HLA-A2 molecules could bind the M1 55-73 peptide because at least one CTL line was found that could recognize each of these molecules that were exposed to the M1 peptide. CTL recognition patterns of variant M1 peptides presented by the Tyr9 molecule demonstrated that the amino acid at position 9 can be a critical determinant of the conformation of the peptide-A2 complex, and indicated that a particular peptide can bind in the HLA-A2 peptide binding groove in more than one conformation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - International immunology AU - Shimojo, N AU - Anderson, R W AU - Mattson, D H AU - Turner, R V AU - Coligan, J E AU - Biddison, W E AD - Molecular Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 193 EP - 200 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0953-8178, 0953-8178 KW - HLA-A2 Antigen KW - 0 KW - M-protein, influenza virus KW - M1 protein, Influenza A virus KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Viral Matrix Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic -- immunology KW - Peptide Fragments -- immunology KW - Protein Binding KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Kinetics KW - Antigen-Presenting Cells -- immunology KW - Viral Matrix Proteins -- immunology KW - Cell Line KW - Viral Matrix Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Conformation KW - HLA-A2 Antigen -- genetics KW - HLA-A2 Antigen -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80324077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+immunology&rft.atitle=The+kinetics+of+peptide+binding+to+HLA-A2+and+the+conformation+of+the+peptide-A2+complex+can+be+determined+by+amino+acid+side+chains+on+the+floor+of+the+peptide+binding+groove.&rft.au=Shimojo%2C+N%3BAnderson%2C+R+W%3BMattson%2C+D+H%3BTurner%2C+R+V%3BColigan%2C+J+E%3BBiddison%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Shimojo&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+immunology&rft.issn=09538178&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-29 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systemic administration of kainic acid increases GABA levels in perfusate from the hippocampus of rats in vivo. AN - 80316840; 2087285 AB - The ventral hippocampi of male, Fischer-344 rats were implanted with microdialysis probes and the effects of systemically administered kainic acid (KA) (8 mg/kg, s.c.) on the in vivo release of amino acids were measured for four hours after administration. In order to measure GABA release in vivo, gamma-vinyl-GABA (GVG), an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase, was injected intrahippocampally prior to perfusion. GVG pretreatment resulted in measurable levels of GABA in the perfusate without significant effects on the release of aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine or taurine. Following GVG pretreatment systemic administration of KA produced a time-dependent increase in GABA, as well as all other amino acids except glutamine, which was initially decreased. These results show for the first time that systemically administered KA increases extracellular GABA levels, an effect previously reported only in vitro. These data suggest that prior to destruction of GABA-containing interneurons in the hippocampus, there is an increased activity of those GABA interneurons reflected as an increase in extracellular GABA levels. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Zhang, W Q AU - Rogers, B C AU - Tandon, P AU - Hudson, P M AU - Sobotka, T J AU - Hong, J S AU - Tilson, H A AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 593 EP - 600 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Kinetics KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Amino Acids -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Kainic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Kainic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80316840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Systemic+administration+of+kainic+acid+increases+GABA+levels+in+perfusate+from+the+hippocampus+of+rats+in+vivo.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+W+Q%3BRogers%2C+B+C%3BTandon%2C+P%3BHudson%2C+P+M%3BSobotka%2C+T+J%3BHong%2C+J+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome and the developing nervous system. AN - 80296921; 1981886 JF - International review of neurobiology AU - Brenneman, D E AU - McCune, S K AU - Gozes, I AD - Unit on Neurochemistry, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 305 EP - 353 VL - 32 SN - 0074-7742, 0074-7742 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - HIV Antibodies KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - Receptors, Virus KW - Peptide T KW - 106362-33-8 KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- pharmacology KW - Peptide T -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- pathology KW - HIV Antibodies -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Child KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- genetics KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cell Survival KW - Antigens, CD4 -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Infant KW - Calcinosis -- etiology KW - Child Behavior Disorders -- etiology KW - Adult KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Spinal Cord Diseases -- pathology KW - Male KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Molecular Structure KW - Cognition Disorders -- etiology KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Eye Diseases -- etiology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Receptors, Virus -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- metabolism KW - Spinal Cord Diseases -- etiology KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- embryology KW - Child, Preschool KW - Global Health KW - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases -- etiology KW - Vacuoles KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - HIV -- physiology KW - Central Nervous System -- growth & development KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - AIDS Dementia Complex -- etiology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- transmission KW - HIV -- isolation & purification KW - Central Nervous System -- pathology KW - Central Nervous System -- microbiology KW - AIDS Dementia Complex -- pathology KW - HIV -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80296921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+review+of+neurobiology&rft.atitle=Acquired+immune+deficiency+syndrome+and+the+developing+nervous+system.&rft.au=Brenneman%2C+D+E%3BMcCune%2C+S+K%3BGozes%2C+I&rft.aulast=Brenneman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+review+of+neurobiology&rft.issn=00747742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of gene-marked tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from post-treatment biopsies: a case study. AN - 80292935; 1964094 AB - Patients with malignant melanoma have been treated with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) marked by retroviral gene transduction. The retroviral vector contained a gene coding for the bacterial enzyme neomycin phosphotransferase, such that transduced TIL expressing the enzyme could survive otherwise toxic concentrations of the neomycin analogue G418. For 1 patient, who exhibited a complete regression of cancer after treatment with TIL, lymphocytes from post-treatment blood and tumor biopsies were cultured in IL-2, and transduced TIL were recovered by G418 selection. Analysis of T-cell receptor heterogeneity indicated that the transduced TIL recovered from the tumor biopsy were different from TIL that were kept strictly in vitro and selected in G418. The selection process required weeks in culture, during which time control cultures changed radically in subset composition, so there was also a simultaneous selection for long-term in vitro growth advantage. It cannot be certain that the TIL subsets preferentially recovered from the tumor biopsy corresponded to those that mediated complete elimination of tumor in this patient. JF - Human gene therapy AU - Aebersold, P AU - Kasid, A AU - Rosenberg, S A AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 373 EP - 384 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1043-0342, 1043-0342 KW - Genetic Markers KW - 0 KW - Gentamicins KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - antibiotic G 418 KW - A08F5XTI6G KW - Phosphotransferases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Kanamycin Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.95 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphotransferases -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Biopsy KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Graft Survival KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Recombinant Proteins -- analysis KW - Female KW - Remission Induction KW - Gentamicins -- pharmacology KW - Melanoma -- pathology KW - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating -- drug effects KW - Melanoma -- blood KW - Immunotherapy, Adoptive KW - Skin Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Skin Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Melanoma -- therapy KW - Skin Neoplasms -- blood KW - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating -- transplantation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80292935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+gene+therapy&rft.atitle=Selection+of+gene-marked+tumor+infiltrating+lymphocytes+from+post-treatment+biopsies%3A+a+case+study.&rft.au=Aebersold%2C+P%3BKasid%2C+A%3BRosenberg%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Aebersold&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+gene+therapy&rft.issn=10430342&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human immunodeficiency virus type-2 gene expression: two enhancers and their activation by T-cell activators. AN - 80290445; 1981844 AB - The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) may include a spectrum of retroviruses with varying potential to infect their host, undergo long periods of latent infection, and induce pathology. Since expression of the viruses is in large part regulated by the sequence elements in their long terminal repeats (LTRs), this study was directed to an analysis of the regulatory elements in the HIV-2 LTR. The HIV-2 LTR was found to contain two enhancers. One of these enhancers is, in part, identical to the HIV-1 enhancer. This enhancer in HIV-1 is the T-cell activation response element; in HIV-2, however, it is the second enhancer that is mainly responsible for activation in response to T-cell activators. The second enhancer interacts with two nuclear binding proteins (85 kD and 27 kD mobility) that appear to be required for optimal enhancer function and activation. Observations such as these encourage the speculation that there may be subtle differences in the regulation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 expression that may be relevant to the possible longer latency and reduced pathogenicity of HIV-2. JF - The New biologist AU - Arya, S K AD - Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1043-4674, 1043-4674 KW - tat KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - HIVEN86A protein, human KW - NF-kappa B KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Phytohemagglutinins KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Phytohemagglutinins -- pharmacology KW - Burkitt Lymphoma -- pathology KW - Base Sequence KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Enhancer Elements, Genetic KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral -- drug effects KW - HIV-2 -- drug effects KW - HIV-2 -- genetics KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80290445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+biologist&rft.atitle=Human+immunodeficiency+virus+type-2+gene+expression%3A+two+enhancers+and+their+activation+by+T-cell+activators.&rft.au=Arya%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Arya&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+biologist&rft.issn=10434674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - tat N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic drug combinations in AIDS therapy. Dipyridamole/3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine in particular and principles of analysis in general. AN - 80287413; 2078029 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Weinstein, J N AU - Bunow, B AU - Weislow, O S AU - Schinazi, R F AU - Wahl, S M AU - Wahl, L M AU - Szebeni, J AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 367 EP - 384 VL - 616 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - 0 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Dipyridamole KW - 64ALC7F90C KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Automatic Data Processing KW - Drug Synergism KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Dipyridamole -- therapeutic use KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80287413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Synergistic+drug+combinations+in+AIDS+therapy.+Dipyridamole%2F3%27-azido-3%27-deoxythymidine+in+particular+and+principles+of+analysis+in+general.&rft.au=Weinstein%2C+J+N%3BBunow%2C+B%3BWeislow%2C+O+S%3BSchinazi%2C+R+F%3BWahl%2C+S+M%3BWahl%2C+L+M%3BSzebeni%2C+J&rft.aulast=Weinstein&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=616&rft.issue=&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initial clinical experience with dideoxynucleosides as single agents and in combination therapy. AN - 80285887; 2078027 AB - Several dideoxynucleosides, including 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (zidovudine, azidothymidine, AZT), 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI), have been shown to be potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in human T cells and macrophages. These compounds undergo anabolic phosphorylation within target cells to a 3'-triphosphate moiety; as triphosphates, they act at the level of HIV DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase). AZT has been shown to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients with severe HIV infection and to at least temporarily ameliorate certain cases of HIV-induced dementia. In phase 1 studies, ddC and ddI have been shown to induce immunologic and virologic improvements in patients with AIDS or related disorders; phase 2 studies of ddC and ddI are underway. The use of these drugs can be associated with toxicity. AZT can cause bone marrow toxicity or myositis with prolonged use, ddC can cause peripheral neuropathy at high doses, and ddI can cause sporadic pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy at high doses. For each compound, however, a therapeutic window exists in which an anti-HIV effect can be attained without short-term toxicity in most patients. Dose-intensity appears to be an important determinant of the toxicity of dideoxynucleosides. Studies are underway to explore how the therapeutic profiles of these compounds may be enhanced by attention to scheduling or through the use of combination therapy. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Yarchoan, R AU - Pluda, J M AU - Perno, C F AU - Mitsuya, H AU - Thomas, R V AU - Wyvill, K M AU - Broder, S AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 328 EP - 343 VL - 616 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Humans KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - HIV -- drug effects KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80285887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Initial+clinical+experience+with+dideoxynucleosides+as+single+agents+and+in+combination+therapy.&rft.au=Yarchoan%2C+R%3BPluda%2C+J+M%3BPerno%2C+C+F%3BMitsuya%2C+H%3BThomas%2C+R+V%3BWyvill%2C+K+M%3BBroder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Yarchoan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=616&rft.issue=&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anti-HIV effects of CD4-Pseudomonas exotoxin on human lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage cell lines. AN - 80284546; 2078015 AB - CD4(178)-PE40 is a recombinant protein consisting of the HIV envelope glycoprotein-binding region of human CD4 linked to active domains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. The hybrid toxin selectively kills HIV-infected human T-cell lines and protects against HIV spread in mixtures of uninfected and infected cells. We now report that CD4(178)-PE40 also selectively kills chronically HIV-1-infected cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. The results provide further support for therapeutic use of this hybrid toxin in the treatment of HIV-infected individuals. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Ashorn, P AU - Moss, B AU - Berger, E A AD - Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 149 EP - 154 VL - 616 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - CD4-Pseudomonas toxin KW - Exotoxins KW - Immunotoxins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Monocytes -- microbiology KW - Lymphocytes -- microbiology KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Macrophages -- microbiology KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - Leukocytes -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80284546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Anti-HIV+effects+of+CD4-Pseudomonas+exotoxin+on+human+lymphocyte+and+monocyte%2Fmacrophage+cell+lines.&rft.au=Ashorn%2C+P%3BMoss%2C+B%3BBerger%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Ashorn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=616&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro culture of a primary plasmacytoma that has retained its dependence on pristane conditioned microenvironment for growth. AN - 80279282; 2073818 JF - Current topics in microbiology and immunology AU - Degrassi, A AU - Hilbert, D M AU - Anderson, A O AU - Potter, M AU - Coon, H G AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 71 EP - 74 VL - 166 SN - 0070-217X, 0070-217X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Culture Media KW - Terpenes KW - pristane KW - 26HZV48DT1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Plasmacytoma -- pathology KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80279282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+culture+of+a+primary+plasmacytoma+that+has+retained+its+dependence+on+pristane+conditioned+microenvironment+for+growth.&rft.au=Degrassi%2C+A%3BHilbert%2C+D+M%3BAnderson%2C+A+O%3BPotter%2C+M%3BCoon%2C+H+G&rft.aulast=Degrassi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.issn=0070217X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of raf-1 protein kinase in IL-3 and GM-CSF-mediated signal transduction. AN - 80279103; 2073790 JF - Current topics in microbiology and immunology AU - Rapp, U R AU - Troppmair, J AU - Carroll, M AU - May, S AD - National Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 129 EP - 139 VL - 166 SN - 0070-217X, 0070-217X KW - Interleukin-3 KW - 0 KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Oncogene Proteins v-raf KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Oncogenes KW - Phosphorylation KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Mice KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- genetics KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- physiology KW - Interleukin-3 -- pharmacology KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor -- pharmacology KW - Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80279103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.atitle=Role+of+raf-1+protein+kinase+in+IL-3+and+GM-CSF-mediated+signal+transduction.&rft.au=Rapp%2C+U+R%3BTroppmair%2C+J%3BCarroll%2C+M%3BMay%2C+S&rft.aulast=Rapp&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.issn=0070217X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A retrovirus expressing v-abl and c-myc induces plasmacytomas in 100% of adult pristane-primed BALB/c mice. AN - 80274553; 2073789 JF - Current topics in microbiology and immunology AU - Weissinger, E M AU - Largaespada, D AU - Smith-Gill, S J AU - Risser, R AU - Mushinski, J F AU - Mischak, H AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 121 EP - 127 VL - 166 SN - 0070-217X, 0070-217X KW - c-myc KW - v-abl KW - Immunoglobulins KW - 0 KW - Terpenes KW - pristane KW - 26HZV48DT1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoglobulins -- analysis KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Bone Marrow Transplantation KW - Spleen -- transplantation KW - Terpenes -- toxicity KW - Plasmacytoma -- etiology KW - Genes, myc KW - Plasmacytoma -- immunology KW - Genes, abl KW - Retroviridae -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80274553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.atitle=A+retrovirus+expressing+v-abl+and+c-myc+induces+plasmacytomas+in+100%25+of+adult+pristane-primed+BALB%2Fc+mice.&rft.au=Weissinger%2C+E+M%3BLargaespada%2C+D%3BSmith-Gill%2C+S+J%3BRisser%2C+R%3BMushinski%2C+J+F%3BMischak%2C+H&rft.aulast=Weissinger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.issn=0070217X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - c-myc; v-abl N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Positron emission tomography as a technique for studying the chronic effects of alcohol on the human brain. AN - 80268864; 2291842 AB - Positron emission tomography is a neuroradiographic imaging technique that is beginning to be used to study cerebral pathophysiology in detoxified alcoholics. Localized cerebral glucose utilization in alcoholics at rest is not dramatically affected in comparison to the relatively large alterations in anatomic structure, cognition, and brain electrical activity. It is anticipated that future research studies will include cognitive challenges and utilization of PET ligands being developed to bind to specific receptors in the brain. JF - Annals of medicine AU - Eckardt, M J AU - Rohrbaugh, J W AU - Rio, D E AU - Martin, P R AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 341 EP - 345 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0785-3890, 0785-3890 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Sexual Abstinence KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Male KW - Psychoses, Alcoholic -- diagnostic imaging KW - Alcohol Amnestic Disorder -- physiopathology KW - Psychoses, Alcoholic -- physiopathology KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed KW - Alcohol Amnestic Disorder -- diagnostic imaging KW - Brain -- diagnostic imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80268864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Positron+emission+tomography+as+a+technique+for+studying+the+chronic+effects+of+alcohol+on+the+human+brain.&rft.au=Eckardt%2C+M+J%3BRohrbaugh%2C+J+W%3BRio%2C+D+E%3BMartin%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Eckardt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+medicine&rft.issn=07853890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-10 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The involvement of the benzodiazepine receptor in hepatic encephalopathy: evidence for the presence of a benzodiazepine receptor ligand. AN - 80267614; 1963266 AB - The involvement of GABAergic systems in the pathogenesis of HE was supported by electrophysiologic studies of single Purkinje neurons from rabbits with HE which demonstrated the hypersensitivity of these neurons to depression by GABA and BZ receptor agonists. In contrast, these neurons were excited by BZ receptor antagonists. At concentrations which had no effect on neuronal activity, BZ receptor antagonists also reversed the hypersensitivity of HE neurons to depression by muscimol. This combination of neuronal responses is consistent with an increase in the concentration or availability of a ligand for the BZ receptor with agonist properties in the brains of rabbits with HE. Subsequent neurochemical studies support these electrophysiologic observations. Autoradiographic techniques indicated the presence of a reversible inhibitor of [3H]Ro 15-1788 and [3H]flunitrazepam binding to the cerebral and cerebellar cortices of rabbits with HE. The ability of this substance to inhibit [3H]flunitrazepam binding to HE rabbit brain sections was further enhanced in the presence of NaCl and GABA. The autoradiographic studies suggested that the density and affinity of the components of the GABA-BZ receptor complex are unaltered in this animal model of HE. This inference is fully supported by the subsequent studies of radioligand binding to well-washed membrane preparations. Finally, extracts of HE rabbit brains yielded a family of substances with the properties of BZ receptor agonists. These substances may include, but are not limited to, diazepam, oxazepam and desmethyldiazepam, but do not include substances commonly elevated in the plasma and CSF of patients with HE4. The positive identification of these substances awaits confirmation by mass-spectroscopic analysis. However, the precedent for the presence of a family of benzodiazepines in animals that were not administered these drugs has been set. The origin of these substances is a matter of ongoing research. Several studies have shown the presence of benzodiazepines in plant and animal materials. It is possible that these "endogenous" benzodiazepines are the result of contamination of the food chain. A normally functioning liver would capture and metabolize these compounds after their absorption from the gut. This function of the liver would be impaired in liver failure, thus allowing sufficient levels of BZ receptor agonists to accumulate in the CNS, contributing to the pathogenesis of HE. However, studies by DeBlas and coworkers have reported that 1,4 benzodiazepines are present in human brains preserved prior to the commercial use of these compounds. Further, they have found benzodiazepines in cell lines cultured without potential exogenous sources of benzodiazepines.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology AU - Basile, A S AU - Ostrowski, N L AU - Gammal, S H AU - Jones, E A AU - Skolnick, P AD - Section on Neurobiology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 189 EP - 200 VL - 46 SN - 0065-2229, 0065-2229 KW - GABA-A Receptor Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - Galactosamine KW - 7535-00-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Rabbits KW - Autoradiography KW - Brain Chemistry -- physiology KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- metabolism KW - Hepatic Encephalopathy -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80267614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+biochemical+psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=The+involvement+of+the+benzodiazepine+receptor+in+hepatic+encephalopathy%3A+evidence+for+the+presence+of+a+benzodiazepine+receptor+ligand.&rft.au=Basile%2C+A+S%3BOstrowski%2C+N+L%3BGammal%2C+S+H%3BJones%2C+E+A%3BSkolnick%2C+P&rft.aulast=Basile&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+biochemical+psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00652229&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-01 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral recovery from MPTP-induced parkinsonism in monkeys after intracerebral tissue implants is not related to CSF concentrations of dopamine metabolites. AN - 80266795; 1705356 JF - Progress in brain research AU - Bankiewicz, K S AU - Plunkett, R J AU - Mefford, I AU - Kopin, I J AU - Oldfield, E H AD - Surgical Neurology Branch, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 561 EP - 571 VL - 82 SN - 0079-6123, 0079-6123 KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol KW - 534-82-7 KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Homovanillic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Transplantation, Heterotopic KW - Graft Survival KW - Amnion -- transplantation KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Adrenal Medulla -- transplantation KW - Transplantation, Homologous KW - Transplantation, Autologous KW - Male KW - Female KW - Mesencephalon -- transplantation KW - MPTP Poisoning KW - Caudate Nucleus -- physiopathology KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- physiopathology KW - Brain Tissue Transplantation KW - Fetal Tissue Transplantation KW - Parkinson Disease -- surgery KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- surgery KW - Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80266795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+brain+research&rft.atitle=Behavioral+recovery+from+MPTP-induced+parkinsonism+in+monkeys+after+intracerebral+tissue+implants+is+not+related+to+CSF+concentrations+of+dopamine+metabolites.&rft.au=Bankiewicz%2C+K+S%3BPlunkett%2C+R+J%3BMefford%2C+I%3BKopin%2C+I+J%3BOldfield%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Bankiewicz&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+brain+research&rft.issn=00796123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-04 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protection by indomethacin against acute radiation esophagitis. AN - 80264398; 2292356 AB - The mechanism of radiation induced damage to the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as mucositis, is not fully characterized. Prostaglandins may partially mediate the inflammatory response to radiation damage. The effect of the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor indomethacin on radiation induced esophagitis, pneumonitis, and tumor response was evaluated in the C3H mouse. The effects of indomethacin on radiation induced damage to the esophagus was determined by evaluation of weigh lost, survival, and histologic findings at doses of 28-34 Gy. Although there is a clear difference that supports the use of indomethacin for the prevention of esophagitis, the radiation dose response for esophagitis is steep and likewise, the therapeutic index for the indomethacin amelioration of radiation esophagitis is narrow. Since the tumor response to radiation is unchanged and since indomethacin clearly lessens radiation induced esophagitis in the mouse, this study suggests that indomethacin should be studied in humans for lessening radiation mucositis without jeopardizing the therapy of tumors. JF - Digestion AU - Tochner, Z AU - Barnes, M AU - Mitchell, J B AU - Orr, K AU - Glatstein, E AU - Russo, A AD - Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 81 EP - 87 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0012-2823, 0012-2823 KW - Indomethacin KW - XXE1CET956 KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Esophagus -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- radiation effects KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Esophagus -- radiation effects KW - Female KW - Lung -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- pathology KW - Esophagitis -- prevention & control KW - Esophagitis -- etiology KW - Esophagitis -- pathology KW - Indomethacin -- therapeutic use KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80264398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digestion&rft.atitle=Protection+by+indomethacin+against+acute+radiation+esophagitis.&rft.au=Tochner%2C+Z%3BBarnes%2C+M%3BMitchell%2C+J+B%3BOrr%2C+K%3BGlatstein%2C+E%3BRusso%2C+A&rft.aulast=Tochner&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Digestion&rft.issn=00122823&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tyrosinase-induced free radical formation from VP-16,213: relationship to cytotoxicity. AN - 80261286; 1963166 AB - Tyrosinase-dependent activation of hydroxybenzenes forms reactive compounds, including catechols and o-quinones, and some of which show antitumor activity against pigmented melanomas. Since VP-16 is a phenoxy-containing antitumor drug, forms free radicals and reactive o-quinones during peroxidative activation, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of VP-16 to both tyrosinase-containing and non-tyrosinase-containing tumor cells. Our results show that VP-16 is significantly more cytotoxic to B-16/F-10 melanoma cells than human MCF-7 breast tumor cells. Phenylthiocarbamide, an inhibitor of tyrosinase activity, selectively decreased VP-16 toxicity only in melanoma cells. Furthermore, VP-16 was readily activated to its phenoxy free radical intermediate by purified tyrosinase, indicating tyrosinase may play a role in VP-16 toxicity in pigmented melanomas. JF - Free radical research communications AU - Usui, N AU - Sinha, B K AD - Biochemical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 287 EP - 293 VL - 10 IS - 4-5 SN - 8755-0199, 8755-0199 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Phenylthiourea KW - 6F82C6Q54C KW - Etoposide KW - 6PLQ3CP4P3 KW - Monophenol Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.18.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Mice KW - Phenylthiourea -- pharmacology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Monophenol Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Melanoma, Experimental -- enzymology KW - Etoposide -- therapeutic use KW - Melanoma, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Monophenol Monooxygenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Breast Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Etoposide -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80261286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Tyrosinase-induced+free+radical+formation+from+VP-16%2C213%3A+relationship+to+cytotoxicity.&rft.au=Usui%2C+N%3BSinha%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Usui&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+research+communications&rft.issn=87550199&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-04-04 N1 - Date created - 1991-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and expression of the equine infectious anemia virus transcriptional trans-activator (tat). AN - 80248249; 2178129 AB - Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) encodes a tat gene which is closely related to the trans-activators encoded by the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Nucleotide sequence analysis of EIAV cDNA clones revealed that the tat message is composed of three exons; the first two encode tat and the third may encode rev.. Interestingly, EIAV tat translation is initiated at a non-AUG codon in the first exon of the message, perhaps allowing an additional level of gene regulation. The deduced amino acid sequence of EIAV tat, combined with functional analyses of tat cDNAs in transfected cells, have provided some unique insights into the domain structure of this protein. EIAV Tat has a C-terminal basic domain, a highly conserved 16 amino acid core domain, but not the cysteine-rich region, that is present in the primate immunodeficiency virus Tat proteins. Thus EIAV encodes a relatively simple version of this kind of trans-activator. JF - Developments in biological standardization AU - Derse, D AU - Dorn, P AU - DaSilva, L AU - Martarano, L AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 39 EP - 48 VL - 72 SN - 0301-5149, 0301-5149 KW - rev KW - tat KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Gene Products, tat KW - RNA, Viral KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Exons KW - Open Reading Frames KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - RNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Gene Products, tat -- chemistry KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral KW - Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine -- genetics KW - Genes, tat KW - Gene Products, tat -- genetics KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80248249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+biological+standardization&rft.atitle=Structure+and+expression+of+the+equine+infectious+anemia+virus+transcriptional+trans-activator+%28tat%29.&rft.au=Derse%2C+D%3BDorn%2C+P%3BDaSilva%2C+L%3BMartarano%2C+L&rft.aulast=Derse&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+biological+standardization&rft.issn=03015149&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - rev; tat N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal ion-catalyzed oxidation of proteins: biochemical mechanism and biological consequences. AN - 80246712; 2283087 AB - In the presence of O2, Fe(III) or Cu(II), and an appropriate electron donor, a number of enzymic and nonenzymic oxygen free radical-generating systems are able to catalyze the oxidative modification of proteins. Whereas random, global modification of many different amino acid residues and extensive fragmentation occurs when proteins are exposed to oxygen radicals produced by high energy radiation, only one or a few amino acid residues are modified and relatively little peptide bond cleavage occurs when proteins are exposed to metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) systems. The available evidence indicates that the MCO systems catalyze the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and of O2 to H2O2 and that these products react at metal-binding sites on the protein to produce active oxygen (free radical?) species (viz; OH, ferryl ion) which attack the side chains of amino acid residues at the metal-binding site. Among other modifications, carbonyl derivatives of some amino acid residues are formed; prolyl and arginyl residues are converted to glutamylsemialdehyde residues, lysyl residues are likely converted to 2-amino-adipylsemialdehyde residues; histidyl residues are converted to asparagine and/or aspartyl residues; prolyl residues are converted to glutamyl or pyroglutamyl residues; methionyl residues are converted to methionylsulfoxide residues; and cysteinyl residues to mixed-disulfide derivatives. The biological significance of these metal ion-catalyzed reactions is highlighted by the demonstration: (i) that oxidative modification of proteins "marks" them for degradation by most common proteases and especially by the cytosolic multicatalytic proteinase from mammalian cells; (ii) protein oxidation contributes substantially to the intracellular pool of catalytically inactive and less active, thermolabile forms of enzymes which accumulate in cells during aging, oxidative stress, and in various pathological states, including premature aging diseases (progeria, Werner's syndrome), muscular dystrophy, rheumatoid arthritis, cataractogenesis, chronic alcohol toxicity, pulmonary emphysema, and during tissue injury provoked by ischemia-reperfusion. Furthermore, the metal ion-catalyzed protein oxidation is the basis of biological mechanisms for regulating changes in enzyme levels in response to shifts from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism, and probably from one nutritional state to another. It is also involved in the killing of bacteria by neutrophils and in the loss of neutrophil function following repeated cycles of respiratory burst activity. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Stadtman, E R AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 315 EP - 325 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Ferrous Compounds KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Proteins KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Aging KW - Ferrous Compounds -- metabolism KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Copper -- metabolism KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80246712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Metal+ion-catalyzed+oxidation+of+proteins%3A+biochemical+mechanism+and+biological+consequences.&rft.au=Stadtman%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Stadtman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Free Radic Biol Med 1991;10(3-4):249 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of DNA adducts by immunoassays. AN - 80241726; 2282026 JF - Basic life sciences AU - Poirier, M C AU - Weston, A AU - Gupta-Burt, S AU - Reed, E AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 53 SN - 0090-5542, 0090-5542 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoassay -- methods KW - Humans KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Radioimmunoassay -- methods KW - Tissue Distribution KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Carcinogens -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80241726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+DNA+adducts+by+immunoassays.&rft.au=Poirier%2C+M+C%3BWeston%2C+A%3BGupta-Burt%2C+S%3BReed%2C+E&rft.aulast=Poirier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Basic+life+sciences&rft.issn=00905542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzodiazepines and alcohol. AN - 80241470; 1980691 AB - The frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption is a major consideration in patients who need treatment with benzodiazepines. Alcohol affects the GABA-benzodiazepine-chloride ionophore complex and has an agonist-like action. Thus, additive interactions should be expected from combining alcohol with benzodiazepines. Furthermore, alcohol has clinically meaningful anxiolytic efficacy, and many anxious patients may take advantage of that fact. Therefore, co-administration of alcohol and benzodiazepines is to be expected in an anxious patient receiving benzodiazepines who does not totally abstain from alcohol. This article reviews three clinically relevant issues concerning benzodiazepines and alcohol: (1) interactions of benzodiazepines with social drinking in patients taking benzodiazepines for indications unrelated to alcoholism; (2) use of benzodiazepines in treatment of alcohol withdrawal; and (3) use of benzodiazepines in patients with alcohol dependence. JF - Journal of psychiatric research AU - Linnoila, M I AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 121 EP - 127 VL - 24 Suppl 2 SN - 0022-3956, 0022-3956 KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents KW - 0 KW - Benzodiazepines KW - 12794-10-4 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Alcoholism -- rehabilitation KW - Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium -- rehabilitation KW - Anxiety Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Alcohol Drinking -- adverse effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Drug Synergism KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80241470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+psychiatric+research&rft.atitle=Benzodiazepines+and+alcohol.&rft.au=Linnoila%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Linnoila&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+psychiatric+research&rft.issn=00223956&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes involved in human lung carcinogenesis. AN - 80240250; 2282044 JF - Basic life sciences AU - Harris, C C AU - Reddel, R AU - Modali, R AU - Lehman, T A AU - Iman, D AU - McMenamin, M AU - Sugimura, H AU - Weston, A AU - Pfeifer, A AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 363 EP - 379 VL - 53 SN - 0090-5542, 0090-5542 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Models, Biological KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Oncogenes KW - Genes, Tumor Suppressor KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80240250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Oncogenes+and+tumor+suppressor+genes+involved+in+human+lung+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Harris%2C+C+C%3BReddel%2C+R%3BModali%2C+R%3BLehman%2C+T+A%3BIman%2C+D%3BMcMenamin%2C+M%3BSugimura%2C+H%3BWeston%2C+A%3BPfeifer%2C+A&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Basic+life+sciences&rft.issn=00905542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defective DNA repair in humans: clinical and molecular studies of xeroderma pigmentosum. AN - 80239802; 2282051 JF - Basic life sciences AU - Kraemer, K H AU - Seetharam, S AU - Seidman, M M AU - Bredberg, A AU - Brash, D AU - Waters, H L AU - Protić-Sabljić, M AU - Peck, G AU - DiGiovanna, J AU - Moshell, A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 95 EP - 104 VL - 53 SN - 0090-5542, 0090-5542 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.28 KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Base Composition KW - DNA Damage KW - Skin Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Plasmids KW - Skin Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Mutagenesis KW - Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase -- genetics KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Adult KW - Female KW - Male KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum -- genetics KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum -- complications KW - DNA -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80239802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Defective+DNA+repair+in+humans%3A+clinical+and+molecular+studies+of+xeroderma+pigmentosum.&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+K+H%3BSeetharam%2C+S%3BSeidman%2C+M+M%3BBredberg%2C+A%3BBrash%2C+D%3BWaters%2C+H+L%3BProti%C4%87-Sablji%C4%87%2C+M%3BPeck%2C+G%3BDiGiovanna%2C+J%3BMoshell%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Basic+life+sciences&rft.issn=00905542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescence detection of lesions in DNA. AN - 80239773; 2126432 JF - Basic life sciences AU - Weston, A AU - Bowman, E D AU - Manchester, D K AU - Harris, C C AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 63 EP - 81 VL - 53 SN - 0090-5542, 0090-5542 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Smoking KW - Placenta -- chemistry KW - Lymphocytes -- chemistry KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Humans KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet -- methods KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Pregnancy KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80239773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Fluorescence+detection+of+lesions+in+DNA.&rft.au=Weston%2C+A%3BBowman%2C+E+D%3BManchester%2C+D+K%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Weston&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Basic+life+sciences&rft.issn=00905542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The v-ras oncogene inhibits the expression of differentiation markers and facilitates expression of cytokeratins 8 and 18 in mouse keratinocytes. AN - 80234234; 1703765 AB - Cultured mouse keratinocytes can be initiated in vitro by the introduction of a v-rasHa gene by viral transduction. Previous studies indicated that v-rasHa-transduced keratinocytes have a high proliferation rate in medium with 0.05 mM Ca2+ and resist terminal differentiation in medium with greater than 0.1 mM Ca2+, a culture condition in which normal cells mature into squames. The current studies demonstrate that v-rasHa keratinocytes do not express transcripts or protein for epidermal early differentiation markers keratins 1 and 10 when cells are challenged with 0.12 mM Ca2+, which is a signal for expression of these genes in normal cells. Both transcript and protein for the late differentiation marker loricrin are also diminished in v-ras keratinocytes, but filaggrin, also a late differentiation-related gene product, is expressed in nearly normal amounts but at a different Ca2+ optimum. Modification of intracellular Ca2+ with ionomycin failed to restore the expression of any suprabasal keratinocyte markers. In contrast to the effects on normal products of keratinocyte differentiation, the introduction of the v-rasHa gene facilitated the expression of keratins 8 (K8) and 18 (K18). These keratins are characteristic of embryonic cells and cells of simple adult epithelia but not stratified squamous epithelia such as skin. Like normal differentiation markers, the expression of K8 and K18 was dependent both on the v-ras oncogene and the Ca2+ concentration of the culture medium, with greater than 0.1 mM Ca2+ being optimal. At the optimal Ca2+ level, the majority of v-ras keratinocytes expressed K8 and K18 after 96 h, and many cells had reduced amounts of the normal keratinocyte cytokeratin K14. These studies indicate that the v-ras gene causes substantial reprogramming of epidermal physiology, producing an unusual phenotype devoid of early suprabasal markers but at least partially permissive for late marker expression. Furthermore, the Ca2(+)-dependent expression of K8 and K18 suggests that a normal signalling pathway used in keratinocyte differentiation is diverted to an abnormal endpoint. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Cheng, C AU - Kilkenny, A E AU - Roop, D AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 363 EP - 373 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - filaggrin KW - loricrin KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Western KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Calcium -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Time Factors KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins -- metabolism KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Keratins -- metabolism KW - Keratins -- genetics KW - Genes, ras KW - Keratinocytes -- cytology KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Keratinocytes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80234234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=The+v-ras+oncogene+inhibits+the+expression+of+differentiation+markers+and+facilitates+expression+of+cytokeratins+8+and+18+in+mouse+keratinocytes.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+C%3BKilkenny%2C+A+E%3BRoop%2C+D%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in tobacco consumption and lung cancer risk: evidence from studies of individuals. AN - 80234226; 2279799 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Shopland, D R AD - Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 77 EP - 91 IS - 103 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Tars KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tars -- analysis KW - Plants, Toxic KW - Tobacco -- analysis KW - Survival Rate KW - Sex Factors KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Smoking -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80234226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Changes+in+tobacco+consumption+and+lung+cancer+risk%3A+evidence+from+studies+of+individuals.&rft.au=Shopland%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Shopland&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=103&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tumor suppressor genes: possible functions in the negative regulation of cell proliferation. AN - 80231119; 2278630 JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Boyd, J A AU - Barrett, J C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 325 EP - 329 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Extracellular Matrix -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Cytoskeleton -- physiology KW - Signal Transduction KW - Cell Survival KW - Cell Division KW - Cell Adhesion KW - Genes, Tumor Suppressor KW - Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80231119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Tumor+suppressor+genes%3A+possible+functions+in+the+negative+regulation+of+cell+proliferation.&rft.au=Boyd%2C+J+A%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of single doses of alprazolam and diazepam, alone and in combination with ethanol, on psychomotor and cognitive performance and on autonomic nervous system reactivity in healthy volunteers. AN - 80225424; 2276384 AB - Effects of alprazolam, alone and in combination with ethanol, on psychomotor and cognitive performance were studied in healthy male volunteers and compared to effects of diazepam. Alprazolam 2 mg produced relatively long-lasting impairments on tests of tracking, verbal and nonverbal information processing, and memory, and decreased blood pressure without a change in heart rate or plasma norepinephrine levels. Although ethanol consumption was demonstrated to produce additive decrements in performance on certain tasks, there was little evidence to support a synergistic effect. Alprazolam 2 mg was accompanied by increased self-reports of side effects, especially drowsiness. Low dose alprazolam, diazepam, and ethanol produced significantly fewer side effects than 2 mg alprazolam, but significantly more than placebo. JF - European journal of clinical pharmacology AU - Linnoila, M AU - Stapleton, J M AU - Lister, R AU - Moss, H AU - Lane, E AU - Granger, A AU - Eckardt, M J AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 21 EP - 28 VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0031-6970, 0031-6970 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Nordazepam KW - 67220MCM01 KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Alprazolam KW - YU55MQ3IZY KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Interactions KW - Anxiety -- psychology KW - Norepinephrine -- blood KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Affect KW - Nordazepam -- blood KW - Female KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Diazepam -- blood KW - Diazepam -- adverse effects KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Alprazolam -- blood KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Diazepam -- pharmacology KW - Alprazolam -- pharmacology KW - Alprazolam -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80225424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+clinical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+single+doses+of+alprazolam+and+diazepam%2C+alone+and+in+combination+with+ethanol%2C+on+psychomotor+and+cognitive+performance+and+on+autonomic+nervous+system+reactivity+in+healthy+volunteers.&rft.au=Linnoila%2C+M%3BStapleton%2C+J+M%3BLister%2C+R%3BMoss%2C+H%3BLane%2C+E%3BGranger%2C+A%3BEckardt%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Linnoila&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+clinical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00316970&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1991-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic mapping of the effects of intravenous methamphetamine administration in freely moving rats. AN - 80219218; 1980372 AB - The 2-[14C]deoxyglucose method was used to examine the effects of acute intravenous administration of methamphetamine (0.5-2.5 mg/kg) on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization in freely-moving rats. These effects were correlated with the effects of methamphetamine on locomotor activity assessed simultaneously in the same animals. Methamphetamine administration resulted in widespread dose-dependent increases in glucose utilization within structures of the extrapyramidal motor system. Rates of glucose utilization were positively correlated with locomotor activity in the globus pallidus, substantia nigra reticulata, entopeduncular nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, and the lateral cerebellar cortex. In contrast, within the limbic system alterations in metabolic activity were smaller and more selective. Glucose utilization was increased in the nucleus accumbens at all doses tested, but alterations in glucose utilization in the ventral tegmental area, amygdala, and anterior cingulate were observed only at the highest doses of methamphetamine tested. Significant increases in rates of glucose metabolism were also found in the substantia nigra compacta and in the median and dorsal raphe nuclei. Dopamine and serotonin are depleted in these regions, as well as in the ventral tegmental area where glucose utilization was also increased, following chronic treatment with high doses of methamphetamine. These changes in glucose utilization may be indicative of disturbances in the biochemical processes involved in the neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Pontieri, F E AU - Crane, A M AU - Seiden, L S AU - Kleven, M S AU - Porrino, L J AD - Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, National Institute of Mental Health, Public Health Service, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 175 EP - 182 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- pharmacology KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Autoradiography KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Oxygen -- blood KW - Energy Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Hematocrit KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Carbon Dioxide -- blood KW - Male KW - Methamphetamine -- administration & dosage KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Methamphetamine -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80219218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Metabolic+mapping+of+the+effects+of+intravenous+methamphetamine+administration+in+freely+moving+rats.&rft.au=Pontieri%2C+F+E%3BCrane%2C+A+M%3BSeiden%2C+L+S%3BKleven%2C+M+S%3BPorrino%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Pontieri&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research, public policy and drug abuse: current approaches and new directions. AN - 80203672; 2176648 AB - This article examines current U.S. research policy in the drug abuse field and comments on future directions. It discusses three main themes: (1) the relationship of national policy and research on drug abuse; (2) how research is planned and priorities are set at the National Institute on Drug Abuse; and (3) the need for a variety of policy studies on drug abuse to help develop more effective national prevention and control efforts. Examination of national policy statements on drug abuse supply and demand reduction issued by administrations from John F. Kennedy to Ronald W. Reagan suggests a lack of appreciation of the potential that research offers to aid public policy and an underutilization of research as a response to gaps in our knowledge of how to deal with drug problems. This paper proposes development of a National Research Strategy on Drug Abuse to identify research goals that reflect national policy needs. The importance and contribution of policy studies, as part of the National Research Strategy, are discussed with a plea for research to improve policy analysis and development. JF - The International journal of the addictions AU - Smith, J P AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. PY - 1990 SP - 181 EP - 97; discussion 198-9 VL - 25 IS - 2A SN - 0020-773X, 0020-773X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Financing, Government -- standards KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Research Support as Topic -- standards KW - United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration KW - Public Policy KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80203672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.atitle=Research%2C+public+policy+and+drug+abuse%3A+current+approaches+and+new+directions.&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2A&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+the+addictions&rft.issn=0020773X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-15 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue reaction to an implantable identification device in mice. AN - 80200837; 2267501 AB - Long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity studies require positive identification of animals. Due to the unreliability of traditional methods, it was necessary to investigate more dependable identification methods that can be read directly or by electronic means. A two-year study to determine the stability of and tissue reaction to a microchip glass-sealed device implanted in subcutaneous tissue of mice was conducted. Seventy B6C3F1 mice of each sex were anesthetized and implanted with the microchip. The devices were read by an electronic detector and palpated at periodic intervals. Ten mice of each sex were necropsied at 3 months and at 15 months with the remaining animals necropsied at 24 months. Of the 140 devices implanted, 3 were lost and 4 failed during the 24-month study. Devices were palpable and appeared to be fixed at one location with no obvious swelling due to inflammation or palpable masses around the implants for 24 months. At the 3, 15, and 24 month necropsies, implants were encapsulated by connective tissue. Light microscopic evaluation indicated that the capsule around the implants was thin and composed of fibrocytes and mature collagen fibers, with minimal to mild inflammation and occasional granulomatous reaction. Neoplastic changes were not observed in the tissue around the glass-sealed devices with polypropylene cap for up to 24 months. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Rao, G N AU - Edmondson, J AD - Division of Toxicology Research and Testing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 412 EP - 416 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Polypropylenes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polypropylenes -- adverse effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Foreign-Body Reaction -- pathology KW - Foreign-Body Reaction -- etiology KW - Animal Identification Systems -- instrumentation KW - Prostheses and Implants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80200837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Tissue+reaction+to+an+implantable+identification+device+in+mice.&rft.au=Rao%2C+G+N%3BEdmondson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-11 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The potent opioid agonist, (+)-cis-3-methylfentanyl binds pseudoirreversibly to the opioid receptor complex in vitro and in vivo: evidence for a novel mechanism of action. AN - 80200357; 2176265 AB - The present study demonstrates that pretreatment of rat brain membranes with (+)-cis-3-methylfentanyl [(+)-cis-MF], followed by extensive washing of the membranes, produces a wash-resistant decrease in the binding of [3H]-[D-ala2,D-leu5]enkephalin to the d binding site of the opioid receptor complex (delta cx binding site). Intravenous administration of (+)-cis-MF (50 micrograms/kg) to rats produced a pronounced catalepsy and also produced a wash-resistant masking of delta cx and mu binding sites in membranes prepared 120 min post-injection. Administration of 1 mg/kg i.v. of the opioid antagonist, 6-desoxy-6 beta-fluoronaltrexone (cycloFOXY), 100 min after the injection of (+)-cis-MF (20 min prior to the preparation of membranes) completely reversed the catatonia and restored masked delta cx binding sites to control levels. This was not observed with (+)-cycloFOXY. The implications of these and other findings for the mechanism of action of (+)-cis-MF and models of the opioid receptors are discussed. JF - Life sciences AU - Band, L AU - Xu, H AU - Bykov, V AU - Greig, N AU - Kim, C H AU - Newman, A AU - Jacobson, A E AU - Rice, K C AU - Rothman, R B AD - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2231 EP - 2240 VL - 47 IS - 24 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Narcotic Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Opioid KW - Receptors, Opioid, delta KW - 3-methylfentanyl KW - 42045-86-3 KW - Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine KW - 63631-40-3 KW - Fentanyl KW - UF599785JZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Catatonia -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Catalepsy -- chemically induced KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Cell Membrane -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Male KW - Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Opioid -- metabolism KW - Fentanyl -- pharmacology KW - Fentanyl -- metabolism KW - Fentanyl -- analogs & derivatives KW - Fentanyl -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80200357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=The+potent+opioid+agonist%2C+%28%2B%29-cis-3-methylfentanyl+binds+pseudoirreversibly+to+the+opioid+receptor+complex+in+vitro+and+in+vivo%3A+evidence+for+a+novel+mechanism+of+action.&rft.au=Band%2C+L%3BXu%2C+H%3BBykov%2C+V%3BGreig%2C+N%3BKim%2C+C+H%3BNewman%2C+A%3BJacobson%2C+A+E%3BRice%2C+K+C%3BRothman%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Band&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=2231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marijuana effects and urinalysis after passive inhalation and oral ingestion. AN - 80198674; 2176277 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Cone, E J AD - Laboratory of Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 88 EP - 96 VL - 99 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Dronabinol KW - 7J8897W37S KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Marijuana Abuse -- urine KW - Marijuana Smoking -- psychology KW - Marijuana Smoking -- urine KW - Marijuana Abuse -- psychology KW - Dronabinol -- administration & dosage KW - Dronabinol -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80198674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Marijuana+effects+and+urinalysis+after+passive+inhalation+and+oral+ingestion.&rft.au=Cone%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Cone&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-13 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 10,11-Methylenedioxycamptothecin, a topoisomerase I inhibitor of increased potency: DNA damage and correlation to cytotoxicity in human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cells. AN - 80191634; 2176090 AB - We had previously shown that 10,11-methylenedioxy-20-(RS)-camptothecin (MDO-CPT) is a more potent inhibitor of purified DNA topoisomerase I than 20-(S)-camptothecin (CPT). The current studies compared the cytotoxicity and DNA damage induced by MDO-CPT and CPT in the human colon carcinoma cell line, HT-29. MDO-CPT was 7- to 10-fold more potent than CPT both for cytotoxicity (ID50 = 25 vs. 180 nM) and production of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB). Kinetics of SSB formation and reversal were similar for MDO-CPT and CPT. DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC) were also produced by both drugs with a SSB/DPC ratio of 1/1. Moreover, no SSB were detected under non-deproteinizing conditions, indicating that both CPT and MDO-CPT produced protein-linked DNA single-strand breaks. A good correlation between cytotoxic potency and protein-linked DNA single-strand break production was observed for CPT and MDO-CPT, implying a causal relationship between drug-induced cytotoxicity and topoisomerase I inhibition. The sensitivity of human colon HT-29 cancer cells to camptothecins may be a selective phenomenon since these cells normally express natural resistance to current chemotherapeutic drugs, including topoisomerase II inhibitors. JF - Cancer communications AU - O'Connor, P M AU - Kerrigan, D AU - Bertrand, R AU - Kohn, K W AU - Pommier, Y AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 395 EP - 400 VL - 2 IS - 12 SN - 0955-3541, 0955-3541 KW - Topoisomerase I Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - 10,11-methylenedioxy-20-camptothecin KW - 104155-89-7 KW - DNA Topoisomerases, Type I KW - EC 5.99.1.2 KW - Camptothecin KW - XT3Z54Z28A KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA Topoisomerases, Type I -- toxicity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - DNA Topoisomerases, Type I -- pharmacology KW - Colony-Forming Units Assay KW - Camptothecin -- pharmacology KW - DNA Damage KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Camptothecin -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80191634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+communications&rft.atitle=10%2C11-Methylenedioxycamptothecin%2C+a+topoisomerase+I+inhibitor+of+increased+potency%3A+DNA+damage+and+correlation+to+cytotoxicity+in+human+colon+carcinoma+%28HT-29%29+cells.&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C+P+M%3BKerrigan%2C+D%3BBertrand%2C+R%3BKohn%2C+K+W%3BPommier%2C+Y&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+communications&rft.issn=09553541&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community prevention efforts to reduce the spread of AIDS associated with intravenous drug abuse. AN - 80191462; 2265061 AB - Drug abusers currently represent almost 30% of AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Intravenous drug abusers have been recognized as a major vector for the spread of HIV to the general public. Considering the high levels of AIDS risk behaviors among intravenous drug abusers, prevention efforts to reduce risk are a priority. Since community prevention approaches have been found effective with other target populations, this article considers community prevention as an AIDS reduction strategy. Consensus recommendations developed by a panel of researchers and practitioners who met at the National Institute on Drug Abuse in 1988 are presented. Specific recommendations for community prevention with intravenous drug abusers and their sex partners are introduced along with suggested research initiatives. JF - AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education AU - Leukefeld, C G AU - Battjes, R J AU - Amsel, Z AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 235 EP - 243 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0899-9546, 0899-9546 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Health Behavior KW - Health Education KW - Male KW - Female KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Community Health Services KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80191462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+education+and+prevention+%3A+official+publication+of+the+International+Society+for+AIDS+Education&rft.atitle=Community+prevention+efforts+to+reduce+the+spread+of+AIDS+associated+with+intravenous+drug+abuse.&rft.au=Leukefeld%2C+C+G%3BBattjes%2C+R+J%3BAmsel%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Leukefeld&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+education+and+prevention+%3A+official+publication+of+the+International+Society+for+AIDS+Education&rft.issn=08999546&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative pharmacokinetics of DNA lesion formation and removal following treatment of L1210 cells with nitrogen mustards. AN - 80191418; 2265064 AB - The kinetics of formation and removal of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ISC), DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC), and single strand breaks (SSB) by several nitrogen mustards were compared in order to determine the degree to which lesion selectivity may vary. The kinetic measurements using DNA alkaline elution methodology were obtained in mouse L1210 cells treated with mechlorethamine (HN2), phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM), uracil mustard (UM), 6-methyl-UM, and quinacrine mustard (QM). The ISC or DPC challenge delivered to cells was gauged on the basis of the kinetics as either total ISC or DPC produced, or as the area under the lesions versus time curve (AUC). By either measure (excepting QM), ISC correlated well with loss of colony survival, whereas DPC did not. The ISC/DPC ratio may therefore be a useful index of lesion selectivity. This ratio was significantly greater for 6-methyl-UM than for HN2. The ratio was also greater for L-PAM than for HN2 but only when gauged by AUC; this was attributable to an unusually slow rate for ISC removal in the case of L-PAM. The preferential reaction of UM at some 5'-GC-3' sites in purified DNA had suggested that UM might produce ISC with increased efficacy. UM, however, was somewhat less efficacious in ISC production than was 6-methyl-UM, which lacked selectivity for alkylation at 5'-GC-3'. QM was the only compound that produced detectable SSB, and the SSB were so numerous that ISC could not be quantitated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Cancer communications AU - O'Connor, P M AU - Kohn, K W AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 387 EP - 394 VL - 2 IS - 12 SN - 0955-3541, 0955-3541 KW - Nitrogen Mustard Compounds KW - 0 KW - chloroethylaminouracil KW - 1LY7UH1WUT KW - Quinacrine Mustard KW - 4213-45-0 KW - Mechlorethamine KW - 50D9XSG0VR KW - Melphalan KW - Q41OR9510P KW - Uracil Mustard KW - W7KQ46GJ8U KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Computer Simulation KW - Uracil Mustard -- analogs & derivatives KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice KW - Quinacrine Mustard -- pharmacology KW - Mechlorethamine -- pharmacology KW - Colony-Forming Units Assay KW - Uracil Mustard -- pharmacology KW - Melphalan -- pharmacology KW - DNA Damage KW - Crossing Over, Genetic KW - Leukemia L1210 -- drug therapy KW - Nitrogen Mustard Compounds -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80191418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+communications&rft.atitle=Comparative+pharmacokinetics+of+DNA+lesion+formation+and+removal+following+treatment+of+L1210+cells+with+nitrogen+mustards.&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C+P+M%3BKohn%2C+K+W&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+communications&rft.issn=09553541&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accuracy of cause-of-death certification in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. AN - 80188524; 2264636 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Jablon, S AU - Thompson, D AU - McConney, M AU - Mabuchi, K AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 100 EP - 8; discussion 108-9 VL - 609 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Index Medicus KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Age Factors KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Aged KW - Mortality -- trends KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Male KW - Female KW - Death Certificates KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Cause of Death UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80188524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Accuracy+of+cause-of-death+certification+in+Hiroshima+and+Nagasaki%2C+Japan.&rft.au=Jablon%2C+S%3BThompson%2C+D%3BMcConney%2C+M%3BMabuchi%2C+K&rft.aulast=Jablon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=609&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality of U.S. embalmers and funeral directors. AN - 80188172; 2264563 AB - The causes of mortality of 3,649 white and 397 non-white male U.S. embalmers and funeral directors, who had died between 1975 and 1985, were examined in a proportional mortality study. Non-significant excesses were found for malignancies of the buccal cavity and pharynx (PMR = 120) and for nasopharyngeal cancer (PMR = 216). No sinonasal cancers were observed, while 1.7 were expected. A statistically significant excess of colon cancer (PMR = 127) was found and a non-significant excess of brain and other CNS cancer was noted among whites only (PMR = 123). Statistically significant excesses of malignancies of the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems were found in whites (PMR = 131) and non-whites (PMR = 241). Myeloid leukemia (PMR = 157) and leukemia of other and unspecified cell types (PMR = 228) were in excess, while no excess of lymphatic leukemia was noted. Elevations in risk were also found for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis. Non-whites showed a marked excess of multiple myeloma (PMR = 369). Chronic nephritis was in excess among whites (PMR = 215) and non-whites (PMR = 257). No excess of cirrhosis of the liver was found. Excesses of malignancies of the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems could not be directly related to job held in the funeral industry. Further case-control studies are planned to rule out the possibility that the observed associations are artifactual, by assessing the association between specific work practices and disease risk. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Hayes, R B AU - Blair, A AU - Stewart, P A AU - Herrick, R F AU - Mahar, H AD - Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 641 EP - 652 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Cause of Death KW - Mortuary Practice KW - Embalming KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80188172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+of+U.S.+embalmers+and+funeral+directors.&rft.au=Hayes%2C+R+B%3BBlair%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+P+A%3BHerrick%2C+R+F%3BMahar%2C+H&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-02-04 N1 - Date created - 1991-02-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Ind Med. 1991;20(4):567, 569-70 [1785618] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy balance, body size, and cancer. AN - 80171739; 2257089 AB - Increased energy intake and physical inactivity have been shown to heighten the risk of breast, large bowel, and other cancers. Large body size and fatness, as measured by adult stature, body weight and body mass indices, are positively related to a variety of cancers, including breast, colorectum, prostate, endometrium, kidney, and ovary, as well as to total cancer incidence or mortality in many investigations, although conflicting reports exist. Adult weight gain has also been specifically implicated in a few etiologic studies of breast and large bowel cancer. Furthermore, increased birthweight and childhood stature have been linked to increased risk of leukemia, lymphoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and central nervous system malignancies between infancy and young adulthood. Greater body weight also adversely affects breast cancer survival. These findings are complementary and support a role for positive energy balance in promoting human carcinogenesis. Potential mechanisms are discussed. JF - Critical reviews in oncology/hematology AU - Albanes, D AD - Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-4200. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 283 EP - 303 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1040-8428, 1040-8428 KW - Index Medicus KW - Survival Rate KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Energy Metabolism -- physiology KW - Physical Exertion -- physiology KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Energy Intake -- physiology KW - Neoplasms -- physiopathology KW - Body Constitution -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80171739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.atitle=Energy+balance%2C+body+size%2C+and+cancer.&rft.au=Albanes%2C+D&rft.aulast=Albanes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.issn=10408428&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in infection by retroviruses with emphasis on the human immunodeficiency virus. AN - 80170575; 2175193 AB - Neutrophil function is an integral part of the host defense against multiple pathogens. Through phagocytosis and production of toxic substances, these short lived cells aid in the effective elimination of invading microorganisms such as bacterial and fungal targets. Viral infections, and in particular those of the retroviral type, appear to suppress the immune response through direct cytotoxic destruction of immune cells or alteration of the biochemical interactions that are essential for eradicating the foreign agent. In this report, we describe abnormalities of neutrophil number and function consequent to HIV and other retroviral infections. A myriad of mechanisms, either alone or in concert may explain the underlying aberrations. JF - Viral immunology AU - Mertins, S D AU - Ortona, L AU - Cauda, R AD - Infectious Disease Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 173 EP - 194 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0882-8245, 0882-8245 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - HIV -- growth & development KW - Retroviridae Infections -- immunology KW - Retroviridae -- immunology KW - HIV -- immunology KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - HIV Infections -- immunology KW - Retroviridae -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80170575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Viral+immunology&rft.atitle=Role+of+polymorphonuclear+leukocytes+in+infection+by+retroviruses+with+emphasis+on+the+human+immunodeficiency+virus.&rft.au=Mertins%2C+S+D%3BOrtona%2C+L%3BCauda%2C+R&rft.aulast=Mertins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Viral+immunology&rft.issn=08828245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange tests in Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro. V: Results with 46 chemicals. AN - 80164074; 2253606 AB - Forty-six coded chemicals were tested for their ability to induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (ABs) in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using a standard protocol with and without exogenous metabolic activation. Sixteen chemicals were negative and 15 were positive in both assays; 15 were positive for SCEs only (one chemical that was positive for SCEs was equivocal for ABs), and no chemicals induced ABs only. The effect of cell harvest time on the ability to detect the induction of ABs was examined for 18 chemicals. Seven chemicals produced a positive response using both standard and extended harvest times, five were positive only using an extended harvest time, and six were negative using both harvest times. The relationship between cell cycle delay and SCE induction was also examined, and the two appear to be unrelated. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Loveday, K S AU - Anderson, B E AU - Resnick, M A AU - Zeiger, E AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 272 EP - 303 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Cell Cycle KW - Male KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80164074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Chromosome+aberration+and+sister+chromatid+exchange+tests+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cells+in+vitro.+V%3A+Results+with+46+chemicals.&rft.au=Loveday%2C+K+S%3BAnderson%2C+B+E%3BResnick%2C+M+A%3BZeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Loveday&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxic effect of MDMA on brain serotonin neurons: evidence from neurochemical and radioligand binding studies. AN - 80155992; 1979218 AB - In summary, the data from both neurochemical and neuroanatomical studies demonstrate widespread and long-lasting degeneration of serotonin neurons in brain without any major or consistent effects on catecholamine neurons following in vivo administration of MDMA in both rats and rhesus monkeys. A detailed examination of the parameters involved in the neurotoxic and neurodegenerative effects of MDMA on brain serotonin neurons indicate that the severity of the lesion is dependent on the dose of drug administered with the drug being more potent in rhesus monkeys than in rats. Furthermore, the neurodegenerative effects of the drug are long-lasting (up to one year) with respect to neuronal regeneration (i.e. recovery of serotonin uptake sites) while functional recovery may be permanently impaired since serotonin content remains markedly (40-50%) below levels in age-matched controls for as long as one year after drug administration. The neurochemical and autoradiographic data suggest that there are some regional differences and morphological specificity to the neurodegenerative effects of MDMA as demonstrated by greater reductions in serotonin uptake sites in brain regions containing primarily terminals while regions containing axons of passage and cell bodies are relatively unaffected. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - De Souza, E B AU - Battaglia, G AU - Insel, T R AD - Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 682 EP - 97; discussion 697-8 VL - 600 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Designer Drugs KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - 4764-17-4 KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Species Specificity KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- toxicity KW - Designer Drugs -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80155992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+effect+of+MDMA+on+brain+serotonin+neurons%3A+evidence+from+neurochemical+and+radioligand+binding+studies.&rft.au=De+Souza%2C+E+B%3BBattaglia%2C+G%3BInsel%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=De+Souza&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=600&rft.issue=&rft.spage=682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resiniferatoxin and its analogs provide novel insights into the pharmacology of the vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor. AN - 80151144; 2174484 AB - Capsaicin, the pungent constituent of chili peppers, represents the paradigm for the capsaicinoids or vanilloids, a family of compounds shown to stimulate and then desensitize specific subpopulations of sensory receptors, including C-polymodal nociceptors, A-delta mechanoheat nociceptors and warm receptors of the skin, as well as enteroceptors of thin afferent fibers. An exciting recent advance in the field has been the finding that resiniferatoxin (RTX), a naturally occurring diterpene containing a homovanillic acid ester, a key structural motif of capsaicin, functions as an ultrapotent capsaicin analog. For most of the responses characteristic of capsaicin, RTX is 100-10,000 fold more potent. Structure/activity analysis indicates, however, that RTX and related homovanillyl-diterpene esters display distinct spectra of activity. Specific [3H]RTX binding provides the first direct proof for the existence of vanilloid receptors. We expect that the RTX class of vanilloids will promote rapid progress in understanding of vanilloid structure/activity requirements and mechanism. JF - Life sciences AU - Szallasi, A AU - Blumberg, P M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1399 EP - 1408 VL - 47 IS - 16 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Diterpenes KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - resiniferatoxin KW - A5O6P1UL4I KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Pain -- physiopathology KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Neurons, Afferent -- drug effects KW - Neurons, Afferent -- physiology KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Diterpenes -- pharmacology KW - Capsaicin -- metabolism KW - Nervous System Physiological Phenomena KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Capsaicin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- drug effects KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80151144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=Resiniferatoxin+and+its+analogs+provide+novel+insights+into+the+pharmacology+of+the+vanilloid+%28capsaicin%29+receptor.&rft.au=Szallasi%2C+A%3BBlumberg%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Szallasi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol inhibition of neuronal glutamate receptor function. AN - 80142119; 1701093 AB - Acute ethanol intoxication is associated with changes in the activity of neurons in the central nervous system. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are poorly understood. We have examined the acute effects of ethanol on excitatory synaptic mechanisms in neurons from mammalian central nervous system, and observed that intoxicating concentrations of ethanol can inhibit the ion current activated by the glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate in cultured neurons from mouse hippocampus, cortex and spinal cord. This inhibition is seen under a variety of experimental recording conditions. On the other hand, ethanol is less effective in inhibiting ion current produced by activation of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors. Intoxicating concentrations of ethanol also inhibit excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in hippocampal slices from adult rodents. These observations support the hypothesis that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/ionophore complex is a target for the neural actions of ethanol, and that inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated responses might contribute to acute ethanol intoxication. The possibility that other receptor-gated ion channels may also be sensitive to ethanol is discussed. JF - Annals of medicine AU - Lovinger, D M AU - White, G AU - Weight, F F AD - Section of Electrophysiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20852. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 247 EP - 252 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0785-3890, 0785-3890 KW - Ion Channels KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Glutamate KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Synapses -- drug effects KW - Spinal Cord -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Ion Channels -- drug effects KW - Action Potentials KW - Mice KW - Electrophysiology KW - Ion Channels -- metabolism KW - Synapses -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- physiopathology KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Spinal Cord -- physiology KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- physiology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80142119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+medicine&rft.atitle=Ethanol+inhibition+of+neuronal+glutamate+receptor+function.&rft.au=Lovinger%2C+D+M%3BWhite%2C+G%3BWeight%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Lovinger&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+medicine&rft.issn=07853890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics and anticancer activities of cyclophosphamide and phosphoramide mustard in the rat. AN - 80137242; 2245487 AB - By a sensitive and quantitative fluorometric assay, brain and plasma time-dependent concentration profiles were generated for phosphoramide mustard (PM) and active alkylating metabolites derived from cyclophosphamide (CPA) administration to rats. Whereas PM rapidly disappeared from plasma, with a monophasic half-life of 15.1 min, equimolar administration of CPA generated active metabolites in plasma that disappeared monoexponentially, with a composite half-life of 63 min. As a consequence, the time-dependent concentration integral of active alkylating metabolites derived from CPA administration, calculated between 5 min and infinity, was 3-fold that of PM. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for each compound. The brain/plasma concentration-integral ratios of PM and active alkylating metabolites derived from CPA were 0.18 and 0.20, respectively. The cerebrovascular permeability-surface area product of PM was 7.5 x 10(-5) s-1, which is similar to that of other water-soluble anticancer agents that are restricted from entering the brain. The activities of a range of daily doses of PM and CPA were assessed against subcutaneous and intracerebral implants of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma tumor in rats. Inhibition of subcutaneous tumor growth by 50% was caused by CPA and PM doses of 6.6 and 12.0 mg/kg (daily for 5 consecutive days, starting 36 h after tumor implantation), respectively. However, administration of daily doses of up to 40 mg/kg did not significantly increase the survival of animals with intracerebral tumor implants. These studies indicate that active metabolites of CPA are restricted from entering the brain and that only subtherapeutic concentrations are achieved in brain tissue after systemic administration of CPA or PM. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Genka, S AU - Deutsch, J AU - Stahle, P L AU - Shetty, U H AU - John, V AU - Robinson, C AU - Rapoport, S I AU - Greig, N H AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes-of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Phosphoramide Mustards KW - 0 KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Half-Life KW - Brain Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma 256, Walker -- metabolism KW - Skin Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Male KW - Blood-Brain Barrier KW - Phosphoramide Mustards -- pharmacokinetics KW - Brain Chemistry KW - Phosphoramide Mustards -- pharmacology KW - Cyclophosphamide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Cyclophosphamide -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80137242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Brain+and+plasma+pharmacokinetics+and+anticancer+activities+of+cyclophosphamide+and+phosphoramide+mustard+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Genka%2C+S%3BDeutsch%2C+J%3BStahle%2C+P+L%3BShetty%2C+U+H%3BJohn%2C+V%3BRobinson%2C+C%3BRapoport%2C+S+I%3BGreig%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Genka&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1991-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1991-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Buprenorphine-induced pupillary effects in human volunteers. AN - 80128404; 2243541 AB - The pupillary effects of the partial opiate agonist buprenorphine were studied in 16 male subjects who were heroin dependent at the time of admission to the study. Sublingual buprenorphine (8 mg) was administered daily for 18 days and continued either daily or on alternate days from study days 19 through 36. On days 37 through 56, all subjects received buprenorphine placebo. Compared to placebo, buprenorphine decreased pupil size and diminished the constriction and dilation velocities of the light reflex. These effects occurred within 5 hours of buprenorphine administration. Following placebo administration during alternate-day dosing of buprenorphine, pupil size increased and constriction and dilation velocities of the light reflex were significantly greater than after buprenorphine administration in the same subjects. This pattern of effects was observed after buprenorphine was discontinued (day 37). The results indicated that buprenorphine has pupillary effects like those of full opiate agonists. The time course of these effects was similar to previously-reported effects of buprenorphine on the electroencephalogram but not to the time course of subjective effects. JF - Life sciences AU - Pickworth, W B AU - Lee, H AU - Fudala, P J AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1269 EP - 1277 VL - 47 IS - 14 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Heroin Dependence -- physiopathology KW - Heroin Dependence -- drug therapy KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Light KW - Male KW - Pupil -- drug effects KW - Buprenorphine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80128404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=Buprenorphine-induced+pupillary+effects+in+human+volunteers.&rft.au=Pickworth%2C+W+B%3BLee%2C+H%3BFudala%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Pickworth&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on the mechanism of monoclonal antibody inhibition of enzyme activity of phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450. AN - 80112491; 2122480 AB - Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 (PB-P-450) show different patterns of inhibition of PB-P-450 catalyzed aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase, benzphetamine demethylase and ethylmorphine demethylase. The inhibition constants vary depending on the individual monoclonal antibody and the individual substrate. Two of the four monoclonal antibodies completely inhibit the reduction of cytochrome P-450 by NADPH cytochrome c (P-450) reductase. The same cytochrome P-450 bound to carbon monoxide, however, can be reduced chemically by sodium dithionite in the presence of the monoclonal antibody. These data indicate that the two MAbs examined completely prevent electron transfer by NADPH cytochrome c (P-450) reductase. Substrate binding is partially inhibited by the monoclonal antibody. The type I substrate-binding spectrum of benzphetamine is inhibited more than the type II binding spectrum of aniline. The degree of inhibition of the substrate binding as indicated by the spectrum is less than that observed for the inhibition of catalytic enzyme activity by the monoclonal antibodies. The data indicate that each of the MAbs are directed toward epitopes on the cytochromes P-450 with different relationships to the active catalytic site. JF - Pharmacology AU - Fujino, T AU - West, D AU - Park, S S AU - Gelboin, H V AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 301 EP - 311 VL - 40 IS - 6 SN - 0031-7012, 0031-7012 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Coumarins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Benzphetamine KW - 0M3S43XK27 KW - 7-ethoxycoumarin KW - 31005-02-4 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase KW - EC 1.6.2.4 KW - NADH Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.6.99.3 KW - Ethylmorphine KW - RWO67D87EU KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Ethylmorphine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Coumarins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Benzphetamine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - NADH Dehydrogenase -- drug effects KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- isolation & purification KW - NADH Dehydrogenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- immunology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology KW - NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80112491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+mechanism+of+monoclonal+antibody+inhibition+of+enzyme+activity+of+phenobarbital-induced+cytochrome+P-450.&rft.au=Fujino%2C+T%3BWest%2C+D%3BPark%2C+S+S%3BGelboin%2C+H+V&rft.aulast=Fujino&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology&rft.issn=00317012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbicides and cancer: a review and discussion of methodologic issues. AN - 80112292; 2236872 JF - Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer AU - Blair, A AU - Zahm, S H AD - Occupational Studies Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 132 EP - 145 VL - 120 SN - 0080-0015, 0080-0015 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80112292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Recent+results+in+cancer+research.+Fortschritte+der+Krebsforschung.+Progres+dans+les+recherches+sur+le+cancer&rft.atitle=Herbicides+and+cancer%3A+a+review+and+discussion+of+methodologic+issues.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A%3BZahm%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Recent+results+in+cancer+research.+Fortschritte+der+Krebsforschung.+Progres+dans+les+recherches+sur+le+cancer&rft.issn=00800015&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drugs of abuse: chemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and AIDS. Summary of recommendations for future research. AN - 80099148; 2172825 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Harris, L AD - Research Technology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 234 EP - 236 VL - 96 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Receptors, Opioid KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80099148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Drugs+of+abuse%3A+chemistry%2C+pharmacology%2C+immunology%2C+and+AIDS.+Summary+of+recommendations+for+future+research.&rft.au=Harris%2C+L&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphine-induced immune modulation: does it predispose to HIV infection? AN - 80097077; 2233993 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Arora, P K AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 150 EP - 165 VL - 96 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- immunology KW - Immunity, Cellular -- drug effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80097077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Morphine-induced+immune+modulation%3A+does+it+predispose+to+HIV+infection%3F&rft.au=Arora%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drugs of abuse: chemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and AIDS. Introduction. AN - 80096565; 2233989 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Pham, P T AD - Division of Preclinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 2 VL - 96 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Heroin KW - 70D95007SX KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80096565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Drugs+of+abuse%3A+chemistry%2C+pharmacology%2C+immunology%2C+and+AIDS.+Introduction.&rft.au=Pham%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Pham&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of clones of HIV-1 infected HuT 78 cells defective in gag gene processing and of SIV clones producing large amounts of envelope glycoprotein. AN - 80092598; 2231688 AB - Single-cell clones of HIV-1 (FRE-3) or SIV/Mne infected HuT 78 cells were obtained by plating dilutions of virally infected HuT 78 cells on a monolayer of sheep choroid plexus cells in 96-well microtiter plates. Several of these clones produce HIV-1 virus mutants that accumulate the gag precursor polyprotein and lack a functional protease. These protease-deficient viruses are non-infectious and consist of aberrant "immature" virus particles as determined by electron microscopy. Several SIV mutants are also described that produce large amounts of either the envelope glycoprotein gp120 or the nucleic acid binding gag protein. These mutants are useful for the purification of these retroviral proteins, in developing assays of protease inhibitors, and in preparing SIV envelope protein vaccines. JF - Journal of medical primatology AU - Benveniste, R E AU - Hill, R W AU - Eron, L J AU - Csaikl, U M AU - Knott, W B AU - Henderson, L E AU - Sowder, R C AU - Nagashima, K AU - Gonda, M A AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 351 EP - 366 VL - 19 IS - 3-4 SN - 0047-2565, 0047-2565 KW - Gene Products, gag KW - 0 KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - Protein Precursors KW - p55 gag precursor protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Western KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Viral KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Sheep KW - Humans KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- metabolism KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Simian Immunodeficiency Virus -- genetics KW - Simian Immunodeficiency Virus -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Gene Products, gag -- genetics KW - Protein Precursors -- metabolism KW - HIV-1 -- isolation & purification KW - Protein Precursors -- genetics KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - Genes, gag KW - Gene Products, gag -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80092598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+primatology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+clones+of+HIV-1+infected+HuT+78+cells+defective+in+gag+gene+processing+and+of+SIV+clones+producing+large+amounts+of+envelope+glycoprotein.&rft.au=Benveniste%2C+R+E%3BHill%2C+R+W%3BEron%2C+L+J%3BCsaikl%2C+U+M%3BKnott%2C+W+B%3BHenderson%2C+L+E%3BSowder%2C+R+C%3BNagashima%2C+K%3BGonda%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Benveniste&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+primatology&rft.issn=00472565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical trials of combination therapies for HIV infection. Rationale for development of multidrug therapy. AN - 80092586; 2172506 JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes AU - Hoth, D AD - Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - S95 EP - S96 VL - 3 Suppl 2 SN - 0894-9255, 0894-9255 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Didanosine -- therapeutic use KW - Zalcitabine -- administration & dosage KW - Zidovudine -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Didanosine -- administration & dosage KW - Zidovudine -- administration & dosage KW - Zalcitabine -- therapeutic use KW - Zalcitabine -- adverse effects KW - Didanosine -- adverse effects KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80092586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.atitle=Clinical+trials+of+combination+therapies+for+HIV+infection.+Rationale+for+development+of+multidrug+therapy.&rft.au=Hoth%2C+D&rft.aulast=Hoth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.issn=08949255&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogens in our environment. AN - 80091053; 2228121 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Rall, D P AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 233 EP - 239 IS - 104 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80091053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Carcinogens+in+our+environment.&rft.au=Rall%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Rall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=104&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Symptom prevalence and control during cancer patients' last days of life. AN - 80090431; 1700099 AB - The lack of control of physical suffering among cancer patients in the last days or hours of life is a common medical problem but it is rarely discussed in an open fashion. We carried out a prospective study of the dying of 120 terminal cancer patients assisted by a home care team. We documented how long it was before death that physical symptoms, unendurable to the patient and controlled only by sedation-inducing sleep, appeared. In 63 patients (52.5%), unendurable symptoms due to tumor progression or irreversible acute organic phenomena appeared, on average two days before death. Of the 63 patients, 47 had only one uncontrollable symptom, 15 had two symptoms and one patient had three symptoms. The most common symptoms included dyspnea (33 patients), pain (31), delirium (11), and vomiting (5). The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea in lung and head and neck disease; pain in breast, gastrointestinal tract, colon-rectum, and male genitourinary tract cancer; and vomiting in female genitourinary tract malignancies. Data reported emphasize the clinical relevance of physical symptoms in the last days of life in terminal cancer patients and how these serve to indicate imminent death. More than 50% of these patients die with physical suffering that is controllable only by means of sedation. JF - Journal of palliative care AU - Ventafridda, V AU - Ripamonti, C AU - De Conno, F AU - Tamburini, M AU - Cassileth, B R AD - Division of Pain Therapy and Palliative Care, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 7 EP - 11 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0825-8597, 0825-8597 KW - Analgesics KW - 0 KW - Bioethics KW - Index Medicus KW - Milan KW - Death and Euthanasia KW - Empirical Approach KW - Terminal Care KW - Sleep KW - Humans KW - Home Care Services KW - Adult KW - Neoplasms -- physiopathology KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pain, Intractable -- drug therapy KW - Coma -- chemically induced KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Palliative Care -- standards KW - Analgesics -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80090431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+palliative+care&rft.atitle=Symptom+prevalence+and+control+during+cancer+patients%27+last+days+of+life.&rft.au=Ventafridda%2C+V%3BRipamonti%2C+C%3BDe+Conno%2C+F%3BTamburini%2C+M%3BCassileth%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Ventafridda&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+palliative+care&rft.issn=08258597&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Palliat Care. 1991 Summer;7(2):50-1 [1714500] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity and mutagenicity of a mixture of 25 chemicals found in contaminated groundwater. AN - 80089911; 2228129 AB - A defined mixture of 25 chemicals that are often found in contaminated groundwater was prepared as an aqueous solution and studied for mutagenicity in bacteria, for prophage induction in bacteria, for palatability and effect on weight-gain in rats and mice, and for cytogenetic effects in bone marrow cells of rats and mice. The bacterial mutation and prophage induction tests were negative. Exposure to the mixture in drinking water for two weeks resulted in a concentration-related decrease in water consumption in male and female rats and mice. Concentration-related decreases in weight gain were observed in male and female mice; in rats, only the high-dose groups showed decreased weight gains. A small but significant increase in sister chromatid exchanges was seen in male mice and a similar weak effect on micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) in the bone marrow of males and females. Also in bone marrow of male and female mice, an increase in mitotic index and a decrease in average cell generation time was observed. The %PCE in bone marrow was decreased in female mice only, while the %PCE in peripheral blood was increased in both sexes. In rats, the only effects observed in the cytogenetic studies were increased PCE frequencies in the peripheral blood of males and in the bone marrow of males and females. These results indicate that the 25-chemical mixture studied is not genotoxic in bacteria and that a concentration-dependent effect on its palatability to rodents leads to reduced water consumption, food consumption and weight gain. Although the bone marrow effects may be associated with disruptions of normal erythropoiesis that, in turn, alter the cytogenetic end-points reported, elevations of SCE and MN-PCE in mice suggest the 25-chemical mixture, under the conditions of administration, leads to cytogenetic damage in the bone marrow. Such damage may indicate a potential health hazard. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Shelby, M D AU - Tice, R R AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Yang, R S AD - National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 314 EP - 332 IS - 104 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- genetics KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- drug effects KW - Salmonella -- genetics KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Virus Activation -- drug effects KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Toxicity+and+mutagenicity+of+a+mixture+of+25+chemicals+found+in+contaminated+groundwater.&rft.au=Shelby%2C+M+D%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M%3BYang%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Shelby&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=104&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Placental markers of human exposure to polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls: implications for risk assessment. AN - 80089741; 2121647 AB - In 1979, rice oil accidentally contaminated with a mixture of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was ingested by a large number of individuals in Taiwan. Placentas obtained from women four years after the exposure had occurred contained several PCB congeners known to be present in the rice oil as well as two toxic PCDF congeners: 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (2,3,4,7,8-PCDF) and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (1,2,3,4,7,8-HCDF). Placentas from exposed women had markedly elevated activities of two cytochrome P1-450 dependent enzymes, arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase. The average magnitude of enzyme induction was 100-fold, but much interindividual variation was evident. Binding properties of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to its receptor were not altered by PCB-PCDF exposure. However, EGF-stimulated autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor was decreased significantly in placentas from exposed women and this effect was strongly correlated with decreased birth weight. Species comparisons of effects on EGF receptor actions and cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes, coupled with data on tissue concentrations of PCDFs, suggest that humans are more sensitive than rats to some of the biochemical effects of PCDFs and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The data are discussed in relation to key issues in the risk assessment of the toxic halogenated aromatics. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Lucier, G W AU - Sunahara, G I AU - Wong, T K AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 55 EP - 62 IS - 104 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Plant Oils KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Humans KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- analysis KW - Risk KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Oryza KW - Food Contamination KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Placenta -- enzymology KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Placenta -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Placental+markers+of+human+exposure+to+polychlorinated+dibenzofurans+and+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+implications+for+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Lucier%2C+G+W%3BSunahara%2C+G+I%3BWong%2C+T+K&rft.aulast=Lucier&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=104&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biologically based models for risk assessment. AN - 80089226; 2228117 AB - The modelling problems associated with the estimation of risks from long-term chemical exposures at low dose levels represent a statistical and mathematical challenge with special relevance to environmental research. Determining an adequate model for estimating the relationship between dose and response is critical to reducing potential bias in the risk estimation process. This paper discusses the various assumptions and models used in carcinogenic risk assessment. The emphasis is on our ability to accurately determine the magnitude of the carcinogenic risk, the shape of the dose-response relationship and the overall variability of the risk estimates. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Portier, C J AU - Hoel, D G AU - Kaplan, N L AU - Kopp, A AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 20 EP - 28 IS - 104 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Animals KW - DNA Repair KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80089226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Biologically+based+models+for+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Portier%2C+C+J%3BHoel%2C+D+G%3BKaplan%2C+N+L%3BKopp%2C+A&rft.aulast=Portier&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=104&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches used by the US National Toxicology Program in assessing the toxicity of chemical mixtures. AN - 80087411; 2228109 AB - The US National Toxicology Program has made a definite commitment towards improving the understanding and predictability of the toxicity of chemical mixtures. The commitment has consisted of a thorough review by the National Research Council of the state of the art of complex mixture testing and strategy for in vivo tests as well as a series of laboratory studies to better characterize the toxicity of selected chemical mixtures and research programmes to improve our ability to predict the toxicological properties of other mixtures. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Schwetz, B A AU - Yang, R S AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 113 EP - 120 IS - 104 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - National Health Programs KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80087411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Approaches+used+by+the+US+National+Toxicology+Program+in+assessing+the+toxicity+of+chemical+mixtures.&rft.au=Schwetz%2C+B+A%3BYang%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Schwetz&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=104&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Panax ginseng as a potential immunomodulator: studies in mice. AN - 80085363; 2229924 AB - There has been continuing interest in the development of synthetic and natural compounds which modify the immune response, particularly for the treatment of AIDS and cancer. Panax ginseng, employed for its putative medicinal properties in South Asia, was examined for its immunomodulatory properties in mice. A systematic evaluation of multiple immune system components revealed that Panax ginseng stimulated basal natural killer (NK) cell activity following subchronic exposure and helped stimulate recovery of NK function in cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice but did not further stimulate NK activity in poly I:C treated mice. Other immunological parameters examined, including T and B cell responses were not affected. Panax ginseng provided a degree of protection against infection with L. monocytes but did not inhibit the growth of transplanted syngeneic tumor cells. Increased resistance to L. monocytogenes was not detected in challenged mice previously given immunosuppressive doses of cyclophosphamide. Taken together, these data suggest that Panax ginseng has some immunomodulatory properties, primarily associated with NK cell activity. JF - Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology AU - Kim, J Y AU - Germolec, D R AU - Luster, M I AD - Immunotoxicology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 257 EP - 276 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0892-3973, 0892-3973 KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic KW - 0 KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Index Medicus KW - Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute -- therapy KW - Animals KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Infection -- immunology KW - Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Lymphoid Tissue -- anatomy & histology KW - Lymphoid Tissue -- drug effects KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Cyclophosphamide -- pharmacology KW - Panax -- immunology KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic -- pharmacology KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80085363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Panax+ginseng+as+a+potential+immunomodulator%3A+studies+in+mice.&rft.au=Kim%2C+J+Y%3BGermolec%2C+D+R%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=08923973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-20 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiologic evidence of genetic susceptibility to cancer. AN - 80070980; 2224074 JF - Birth defects original article series AU - Taylor, J A AD - Epidemiology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 113 EP - 127 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0547-6844, 0547-6844 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetic Linkage KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Population Surveillance KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Family Health KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- ethnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80070980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+defects+original+article+series&rft.atitle=Epidemiologic+evidence+of+genetic+susceptibility+to+cancer.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+defects+original+article+series&rft.issn=05476844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hereditary polymorphisms of human drug metabolizing enzymes and cancer susceptibility. AN - 80069350; 2224077 JF - Birth defects original article series AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 17 EP - 42 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0547-6844, 0547-6844 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Mephenytoin KW - R420KW629U KW - Debrisoquin KW - X31CDK040E KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Mephenytoin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Debrisoquin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Biotransformation -- physiology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Genetic -- genetics KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- physiology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80069350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+defects+original+article+series&rft.atitle=Hereditary+polymorphisms+of+human+drug+metabolizing+enzymes+and+cancer+susceptibility.&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+defects+original+article+series&rft.issn=05476844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodologic issues in exposure assessment for case-control studies of cancer and herbicides. AN - 80064850; 2220833 AB - Epidemiologic studies of cancer and exposure to herbicides have shown puzzling inconsistencies. Exposure-response gradients have been reported for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Sweden and Kansas, but no significant associations were seen in New Zealand or Washington State. Subjects in these studies were categorized by exposure using information obtained primarily by interview. A number of questions can be raised regarding the reliability and validity of such an exposure assessment. We examined procedures used to assess pesticide exposures in case-control studies of cancer to evaluate their limitations and their probable effects on risk estimates. Except for case recall bias, problems of misclassification in these studies would tend to bias risk estimates toward the null and dilute exposure-response gradients. These problems are, therefore, unlikely explanations for the positive associations between cancer and herbicide use noted in some investigations. A tendency for false-negative findings, however, is not reassuring, and improvements in exposure assessment are needed if epidemiologic investigations are to continue to provide reliable information on the relationships of cancer and pesticide exposure. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Blair, A AU - Zahm, S H AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 285 EP - 293 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Prevalence KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80064850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Methodologic+issues+in+exposure+assessment+for+case-control+studies+of+cancer+and+herbicides.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A%3BZahm%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagens and carcinogens in the diet: summary and perspectives. AN - 80053585; 2217400 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Adamson, R H AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 323 EP - 325 VL - 347 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Food Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80053585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Mutagens+and+carcinogens+in+the+diet%3A+summary+and+perspectives.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=347&rft.issue=&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens. AN - 80051957; 2217384 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Dipple, A AU - Cheng, S C AU - Bigger, C A AD - BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 109 EP - 127 VL - 347 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - supF KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Base Sequence KW - Humans KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Epoxy Compounds -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Epoxy Compounds -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80051957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+carcinogens.&rft.au=Dipple%2C+A%3BCheng%2C+S+C%3BBigger%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Dipple&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=347&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - supF N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preferential activation and genotoxicity of food derived heterocyclic amine mutagens by recombinant cytochrome P4501A2. AN - 80049764; 2217402 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Battula, N AU - Townsend, G K AU - Snyderwine, E G AU - Schut, H A AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 55 EP - 69 VL - 347 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Mice KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Biotransformation -- physiology KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Amines -- toxicity KW - Food Contamination KW - Amines -- metabolism KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80049764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Preferential+activation+and+genotoxicity+of+food+derived+heterocyclic+amine+mutagens+by+recombinant+cytochrome+P4501A2.&rft.au=Battula%2C+N%3BTownsend%2C+G+K%3BSnyderwine%2C+E+G%3BSchut%2C+H+A%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Battula&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=347&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxic mechanisms of fecapentaene-12 in human cells. AN - 80049661; 2217387 AB - Fecapentaenes are mutagenic to both bacterial and human cells and can morphologically transform murine Balb/c 3T3 cells. DNA damage induced by fecapentaene-12 includes DNA cross-links, DNA protein cross-links and single strand breaks. Oxy- and alkyl-radicals have been detected in aqueous solution using spin traps coupled with EPR. Oxy-radicals thus formed can then directly damage DNA to form DNA SSB's or 80HdG. Radiolabeling studies suggest that fecapentaene-12 may also form specific adducts either directly or after aldehyde formation. Hence fecapentaene-12 may cause DNA damage by two distinct mechanisms i.e., directly (alkylation) or indirectly (via free radicals). Reactions of fecapentaene-12 with GSH tend to support this hypothesis. Possible synergistic interactive effects of DNA damage caused by direct and indirect mechanisms are currently under investigation. JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Povey, A C AU - Plummer, S M AU - Grafstrom, R C AU - Harris, C C AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 155 EP - 166 VL - 347 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Polyenes KW - 1-(1-glycero)dodeca-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene KW - 84000-59-9 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Polyenes -- toxicity KW - Polyenes -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80049661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Genotoxic+mechanisms+of+fecapentaene-12+in+human+cells.&rft.au=Povey%2C+A+C%3BPlummer%2C+S+M%3BGrafstrom%2C+R+C%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Povey&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=347&rft.issue=&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Administration of potassium iodide to normal volunteers does not increase killing of Sporothrix schenckii by their neutrophils or monocytes. AN - 80035960; 2120415 AB - The mechanism by which iodide cures sporotrichosis was postulated to be an improvement in phagocyte-mediated killing of the causal fungus, Sporothrix schenckii. We found that both neutrophils and monocytes could readily kill the fungus and that killing could be blocked by adding inhibitors of oxidative metabolism. Iodide, administered to four volunteers for 1 week, raised their serum iodide level 213-fold but failed to improve killing of S. schenckii by their neutrophils or monocytes in a killing assay in vitro. Furthermore addition of iodide directly to neutrophils at concentrations as high as 100 microM did not augment killing. The mechanism by which iodide acts remains obscure. JF - Journal of medical and veterinary mycology : bi-monthly publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology AU - Rex, J H AU - Bennett, J E AD - Clinical Mycology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 185 EP - 189 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0268-1218, 0268-1218 KW - Azides KW - 0 KW - Iodides KW - Potassium Iodide KW - 1C4QK22F9J KW - Mannitol KW - 3OWL53L36A KW - Sodium Azide KW - 968JJ8C9DV KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Azides -- pharmacology KW - Iodides -- blood KW - Phagocytosis KW - Mannitol -- pharmacology KW - Catalase -- pharmacology KW - Neutrophils -- metabolism KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Sporothrix -- immunology KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - Monocytes -- immunology KW - Monocytes -- metabolism KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Potassium Iodide -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80035960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+and+veterinary+mycology+%3A+bi-monthly+publication+of+the+International+Society+for+Human+and+Animal+Mycology&rft.atitle=Administration+of+potassium+iodide+to+normal+volunteers+does+not+increase+killing+of+Sporothrix+schenckii+by+their+neutrophils+or+monocytes.&rft.au=Rex%2C+J+H%3BBennett%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Rex&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+and+veterinary+mycology+%3A+bi-monthly+publication+of+the+International+Society+for+Human+and+Animal+Mycology&rft.issn=02681218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the use of laboratory markers as surrogates for clinical endpoints in the evaluation of treatment for HIV infection. AN - 80034198; 1976795 AB - There are strong ethical and practical reasons for hastening decision-making about the efficacy of new treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. One strategy is to use early markers of disease progression, such as CD4+ lymphocyte levels, as surrogates for ultimate clinical endpoints, such as the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death, in the evaluation of new therapies. We used a simple model of transitions among three health states (well; alive but with an adverse marker; and having experienced a definitive clinical endpoint) to examine the extent to which treatment comparisons based on the surrogate endpoint predict ultimate clinical benefits. With parameters chosen to model the treatment of HIV infection, computer simulations of clinical trials demonstrated substantial time savings by use of the surrogate endpoint. However, reliance on the surrogate led to serious overestimates of ultimate clinical benefit if treatment entailed delayed toxicity or had only transient beneficial effects. Likewise, reliance on the surrogate led to serious underestimates of ultimate clinical benefit when the treatment had no effect on the transition from well to the marker state but did reduce the rates of transition from the marker state to the ultimate clinical endpoint and directly from the well state to the ultimate clinical endpoint. JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes AU - Machado, S G AU - Gail, M H AU - Ellenberg, S S AD - Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1065 EP - 1073 VL - 3 IS - 11 SN - 0894-9255, 0894-9255 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Models, Biological KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - HIV Infections -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80034198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.atitle=On+the+use+of+laboratory+markers+as+surrogates+for+clinical+endpoints+in+the+evaluation+of+treatment+for+HIV+infection.&rft.au=Machado%2C+S+G%3BGail%2C+M+H%3BEllenberg%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Machado&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.issn=08949255&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status report on the US human growth hormone recipient follow-up study. AN - 80025101; 2210615 AB - Three reported cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in young adults who had received human growth hormone (hGH) raised concerns that pituitary-derived GH had been contaminated. Subsequently reported cases have confirmed this suspicion. The US Public Health Service is conducting an investigation to determine the extent of the problem of CJD in recipients of National Hormone Pituitary Program (NHPP) GH. In addition, other possible adverse effects of GH use including leukemia are being investigated. The design, conduct and current status of the study are the subject of this report. Interview data are now available on 5,240 of the 6,284 subjects treated by the NHPP for growth problems. Analysis is underway. JF - Hormone research AU - Mills, J L AU - Fradkin, J AU - Schonberger, L AU - Gunn, W AU - Thomson, R A AU - Piper, J AU - Wysowski, D AU - Brown, P AD - National Institutes of Health, USPHS, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 116 EP - 9; discussion 120 VL - 33 IS - 2-4 SN - 0301-0163, 0301-0163 KW - Growth Hormone KW - 9002-72-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Public Health Service KW - Humans KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Data Collection KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Growth Hormone -- adverse effects KW - Growth Hormone -- therapeutic use KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80025101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hormone+research&rft.atitle=Status+report+on+the+US+human+growth+hormone+recipient+follow-up+study.&rft.au=Mills%2C+J+L%3BFradkin%2C+J%3BSchonberger%2C+L%3BGunn%2C+W%3BThomson%2C+R+A%3BPiper%2C+J%3BWysowski%2C+D%3BBrown%2C+P&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hormone+research&rft.issn=03010163&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A phase II trial of continuous-infusion 6-mercaptopurine for childhood solid tumors. AN - 80017886; 2208575 AB - A phase II pediatric trial of a continuous intravenous infusion of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) in patients with refractory solid tumors or lymphoma was performed. The dosing schedule of 50 mg/m2 per hour for 48 h was chosen to produce optimal cytotoxic concentrations of 6-MP. There were no complete or partial responses in the 40 patients entered in the trial. Accrual was sufficient for the conclusion to be drawn that there was greater than 95% probability that the true response rate was no greater than 22% and 26% in osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, respectively. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed in one-third of the patients and included reversible hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and mucositis. The excellent penetration of drug into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggests that future trials of this intravenous dosing schedule should be conducted on tumors of the CNS. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Adamson, P C AU - Zimm, S AU - Ragab, A H AU - Steinberg, S M AU - Balis, F AU - Kamen, B A AU - Vietti, T J AU - Gillespie, A AU - Poplack, D G AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 343 EP - 344 VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - 6-Mercaptopurine KW - E7WED276I5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Thrombocytopenia -- chemically induced KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Agranulocytosis -- chemically induced KW - Infusions, Intravenous -- methods KW - Child, Preschool KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - 6-Mercaptopurine -- therapeutic use KW - 6-Mercaptopurine -- administration & dosage KW - 6-Mercaptopurine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80017886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=A+phase+II+trial+of+continuous-infusion+6-mercaptopurine+for+childhood+solid+tumors.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+P+C%3BZimm%2C+S%3BRagab%2C+A+H%3BSteinberg%2C+S+M%3BBalis%2C+F%3BKamen%2C+B+A%3BVietti%2C+T+J%3BGillespie%2C+A%3BPoplack%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-talk between cellular signalling cascade pathways suggested by cAMP-induced phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma. AN - 80016793; 1698405 JF - Advances in second messenger and phosphoprotein research AU - Rhee, S G AU - Kim, U H AU - Kim, J W AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 164 EP - 169 VL - 24 SN - 1040-7952, 1040-7952 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine KW - TBT296U68M KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Phosphorylation KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine -- pharmacology KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80016793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.atitle=Cross-talk+between+cellular+signalling+cascade+pathways+suggested+by+cAMP-induced+phosphorylation+of+phospholipase+C-gamma.&rft.au=Rhee%2C+S+G%3BKim%2C+U+H%3BKim%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Rhee&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.issn=10407952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor mediates the release of arachidonic acid in spinal cord neurons independent of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. AN - 80016736; 2169796 JF - Advances in second messenger and phosphoprotein research AU - Kanterman, R Y AU - Axelrod, J AU - Felder, C C AD - Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 158 EP - 163 VL - 24 SN - 1040-7952, 1040-7952 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - Membrane Lipids KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Phospholipases A KW - EC 3.1.1.32 KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Type C Phospholipases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Lipids -- metabolism KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- secretion KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - Calcium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Second Messenger Systems -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Phospholipases A -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha -- physiology KW - Neurons -- secretion KW - Arachidonic Acids -- secretion KW - Spinal Cord -- cytology KW - Phospholipases A -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80016736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.atitle=Alpha-1+adrenergic+receptor+mediates+the+release+of+arachidonic+acid+in+spinal+cord+neurons+independent+of+phosphatidylinositol-specific+phospholipase+C.&rft.au=Kanterman%2C+R+Y%3BAxelrod%2C+J%3BFelder%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Kanterman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.issn=10407952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorylation of vertebrate nonmuscle myosin heavy chains by protein kinase C. AN - 80012699; 2144983 JF - Advances in second messenger and phosphoprotein research AU - Adelstein, R S AU - Peleg, I AU - Ludowyke, R AU - Kawamoto, S AU - Conti, M A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 405 EP - 410 VL - 24 SN - 1040-7952, 1040-7952 KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Fc KW - Receptors, IgE KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Myosins KW - EC 3.6.4.1 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microvilli -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Fc -- physiology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Blood Platelets -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Blood Platelets -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Chickens KW - Immunoglobulin E -- immunology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute -- pathology KW - Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte -- physiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Immunologic Capping KW - Intestines -- chemistry KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational -- drug effects KW - Myosins -- metabolism KW - Myosins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80012699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.atitle=Phosphorylation+of+vertebrate+nonmuscle+myosin+heavy+chains+by+protein+kinase+C.&rft.au=Adelstein%2C+R+S%3BPeleg%2C+I%3BLudowyke%2C+R%3BKawamoto%2C+S%3BConti%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Adelstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.issn=10407952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural and functional characterization of ADP-ribosylation factors, 20 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that activate cholera toxin. AN - 80011756; 2119662 JF - Advances in second messenger and phosphoprotein research AU - Moss, J AU - Tsuchiya, M AU - Tsai, S C AU - Adamik, R AU - Bobak, D A AU - Price, S R AU - Nightingale, M S AU - Vaughan, M AD - Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 83 EP - 88 VL - 24 SN - 1040-7952, 1040-7952 KW - Detergents KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Phospholipids KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - ADP-Ribosylation Factors KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Phospholipids -- pharmacology KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Detergents -- pharmacology KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- ultrastructure KW - Second Messenger Systems -- drug effects KW - Membrane Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Cholera Toxin -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- ultrastructure KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80011756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.atitle=Structural+and+functional+characterization+of+ADP-ribosylation+factors%2C+20+kDa+guanine+nucleotide-binding+proteins+that+activate+cholera+toxin.&rft.au=Moss%2C+J%3BTsuchiya%2C+M%3BTsai%2C+S+C%3BAdamik%2C+R%3BBobak%2C+D+A%3BPrice%2C+S+R%3BNightingale%2C+M+S%3BVaughan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+second+messenger+and+phosphoprotein+research&rft.issn=10407952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the toxicity, immunogenicity, and tumor radioimmunodetecting ability of two human monoclonal antibodies in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. AN - 80006346; 2400952 JF - Cancer investigation AU - Steis, R G AD - Clinical Research Branch, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 291 EP - 292 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0735-7907, 0735-7907 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radionuclide Imaging KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- diagnostic imaging KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80006346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+investigation&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+toxicity%2C+immunogenicity%2C+and+tumor+radioimmunodetecting+ability+of+two+human+monoclonal+antibodies+in+patients+with+metastatic+colorectal+carcinoma.&rft.au=Steis%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Steis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+investigation&rft.issn=07357907&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetic resonance imaging of the rhesus monkey brain: use for stereotactic neurosurgery. AN - 79993747; 2204546 AB - Standard stereotactic procedures rely upon external cranial landmarks and standardized atlases for localization of subcortical neural regions. Magnetic resonance imaging permits the visualization of the neural structure of the brain in vivo. A stereotactic instrument compatible with a magnetic resonance unit was constructed and together with magnetic resonance imaging a procedure was developed that overcomes the limitations and inaccuracies of the traditional stereotactic methods and allows accurate and reliable localization of subcortical targets in the rhesus monkey brain. JF - Experimental brain research AU - Saunders, R C AU - Aigner, T G AU - Frank, J A AD - Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 443 EP - 446 VL - 81 IS - 2 SN - 0014-4819, 0014-4819 KW - Ibotenic Acid KW - 2552-55-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ibotenic Acid -- toxicity KW - Stereotaxic Techniques KW - Macaca mulatta -- anatomy & histology KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- methods KW - Macaca -- anatomy & histology KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- anatomy & histology KW - Brain -- surgery UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79993747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+brain+research&rft.atitle=Magnetic+resonance+imaging+of+the+rhesus+monkey+brain%3A+use+for+stereotactic+neurosurgery.&rft.au=Saunders%2C+R+C%3BAigner%2C+T+G%3BFrank%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+brain+research&rft.issn=00144819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrite inhalant abuse and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. AN - 79983432; 2395087 AB - There is sufficient clinical and epidemiological evidence to suggest that HIV infection alone does not cause Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in AIDS. Several possible "cofactors" have been proposed. There are several reasons to consider nitrite inhalants as a plausible choice as the KS cofactor. Identifying the KS cofactor in AIDS could prove valuable for prevention of the most common cancer afflicting AIDS patients. Clarifying the mechanisms by which HIV infection and the KS cofactor produce disease may have implications for other cancers and diseases. JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes AU - Haverkos, H W AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - S47 EP - S50 VL - 3 Suppl 1 SN - 0894-9255, 0894-9255 KW - Nitrites KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Homosexuality KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Sarcoma, Kaposi -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79983432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.atitle=Nitrite+inhalant+abuse+and+AIDS-related+Kaposi%27s+sarcoma.&rft.au=Haverkos%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Haverkos&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes&rft.issn=08949255&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retroviral proteinases. AN - 79973392; 2203608 JF - Current topics in microbiology and immunology AU - Oroszlan, S AU - Luftig, R B AD - Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 153 EP - 185 VL - 157 SN - 0070-217X, 0070-217X KW - Viral Proteins KW - 0 KW - Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Retroviridae -- enzymology KW - Endopeptidases -- biosynthesis KW - Endopeptidases -- metabolism KW - Viral Proteins -- metabolism KW - Viral Proteins -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79973392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.atitle=Retroviral+proteinases.&rft.au=Oroszlan%2C+S%3BLuftig%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Oroszlan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+topics+in+microbiology+and+immunology&rft.issn=0070217X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental mutagenesis in Thailand. AN - 79967635; 2203037 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Rojanapo, W AD - Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 275 EP - 284 VL - 340E SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Thailand KW - Government Agencies KW - Research KW - Mutagens -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79967635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Environmental+mutagenesis+in+Thailand.&rft.au=Rojanapo%2C+W&rft.aulast=Rojanapo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340E&rft.issue=&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of recombinant cytochromes P4501A1 and P4501A2 in the metabolism and genotoxicity of food derived mutagens. AN - 79967610; 2392456 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Battula, N AU - Townsend, G K AU - Schut, H A AU - Snyderwine, E G AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 127 EP - 137 VL - 340E SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Biotransformation KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Retroviridae KW - Cell Line KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Food KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79967610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Role+of+recombinant+cytochromes+P4501A1+and+P4501A2+in+the+metabolism+and+genotoxicity+of+food+derived+mutagens.&rft.au=Battula%2C+N%3BTownsend%2C+G+K%3BSchut%2C+H+A%3BSnyderwine%2C+E+G%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Battula&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340E&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of promutagens by human cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450s. AN - 79967592; 2392453 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Gonzalez, F J AU - Aoyama, T AU - Gelboin, H V AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 77 EP - 86 VL - 340B SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Mutagens KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Vaccinia virus -- genetics KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Biotransformation KW - Humans KW - Genetic Vectors KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Amines -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79967592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Activation+of+promutagens+by+human+cDNA-expressed+cytochrome+P450s.&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+F+J%3BAoyama%2C+T%3BGelboin%2C+H+V&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340B&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiologic studies of fecal mutagenicity, cooked meat ingestion, and risk of colorectal cancer. AN - 79966754; 2203030 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Schiffman, M H AU - Van Tassell, R AU - Andrews, A W AD - Environ. Epid. Br., NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 205 EP - 214 VL - 340E SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Alkenes KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Alkenes -- toxicity KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Feces -- analysis KW - Meat -- adverse effects KW - Cooking KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Diet -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79966754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Epidemiologic+studies+of+fecal+mutagenicity%2C+cooked+meat+ingestion%2C+and+risk+of+colorectal+cancer.&rft.au=Schiffman%2C+M+H%3BVan+Tassell%2C+R%3BAndrews%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Schiffman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340E&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of molecular cytogenetic techniques to the evaluation of renal parenchymal tumors. AN - 79964299; 2202729 AB - This guest editorial discusses the molecular cytogenetic features of human renal parenchymal tumors with an emphasis on their diagnostic usefulness. Important contributions of this review are discrimination (a) between papillary and nonpapillary renal cell carcinomas and (b) between tubulopapillary adenomas and papillary carcinomas. Speculations regarding the histogenesis of different renal parenchymal tumors are presented, with the hope that they may serve to diminish some of the confusion surrounding the classification of these tumors. JF - Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology AU - Kovacs, G AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program Resources Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 318 EP - 323 VL - 116 IS - 4 SN - 0171-5216, 0171-5216 KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Alleles KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Adenoma -- pathology KW - Adenoma -- genetics KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- pathology KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- genetics KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 KW - Carcinoma, Papillary -- genetics KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 KW - Family KW - Carcinoma, Papillary -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell -- genetics KW - Family Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79964299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cancer+research+and+clinical+oncology&rft.atitle=Application+of+molecular+cytogenetic+techniques+to+the+evaluation+of+renal+parenchymal+tumors.&rft.au=Kovacs%2C+G&rft.aulast=Kovacs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cancer+research+and+clinical+oncology&rft.issn=01715216&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA repair at the level of the gene: molecular and clinical considerations. AN - 79962392; 2202730 AB - DNA repair is an important process. It is as essential for the cell as is transcription and replication. There is evidence that deficient DNA repair processes lead to human disease including cancer, and recent progress in the field of DNA repair is likely to expand our knowledge about these relationships considerably. One recent advance is our capability to analyze the fine structure of DNA damage and repair by measuring the formation of lesions and their repair in specific, important genes in rodent and human cells. Such studies are leading to increased understanding of the molecular and clinical aspects of DNA repair. JF - Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology AU - Bohr, V A AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 384 EP - 391 VL - 116 IS - 4 SN - 0171-5216, 0171-5216 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - DNA Ligases KW - EC 6.5.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Animals KW - Oncogenes -- genetics KW - Risk Factors KW - Proto-Oncogenes -- genetics KW - Humans KW - DNA Ligases -- physiology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- toxicity KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - DNA Repair -- physiology KW - Genes KW - DNA Damage KW - Genetic Therapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79962392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cancer+research+and+clinical+oncology&rft.atitle=DNA+repair+at+the+level+of+the+gene%3A+molecular+and+clinical+considerations.&rft.au=Bohr%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Bohr&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cancer+research+and+clinical+oncology&rft.issn=01715216&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concerning antisense inhibition of the multiple drug resistance gene. AN - 79960517; 2202383 AB - Recently, Vasanthakumar and Ahmed reported (Vasanthakumar, G.; Ahmed, N.K., Cancer Communications 1:225-232; 1989) a complete inhibition of the multiple drug resistance gene (MDR1) in the K562/III erythroleukemia cells, using a 15 bases-long methylphosphonate oligodeoxynucleotide analog. The sequence used, however, contained three mismatches relative to the corresponding fragment of the human MDR1 gene and, hence, the results reported cannot at present be regarded as a classical antisense effect. We have made attempts to inhibit the expression of the MDR1 gene in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells selected for resistance to Adriamycin using phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides. Studies with model 35S-labeled-phosphorothioates indicated poor uptake of the compounds into the cells; the radioactivity was located mainly in the soluble fraction (cytoplasm), but membranes and the nuclear fraction were also labeled. Unmodified oligodeoxynucleotides were toxic to the cells, whereas the phosphorothioates were not. The MDR1 inhibition with phosphorothioates was studied by measuring their effects on adriamycin toxicity and by immunocytochemical titration of P170. Elevation of adriamycin cytotoxicity consistent with a decreased drug resistance was observed with one antisense sequence, but the immunocytochemical assay indicated only slight inhibition of the synthesis of P170. In the wild type (drug sensitive) MCF-7 cells phosphorothioates decreased adriamycin toxicity in a sequence-independent manner. The results indicate that the effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on cells are complex. Computer simulation of the secondary structure of MDR1 mRNA indicated not only extensive folding but, also, the presence of many regions not involved in intramolecular hybridization, which are of potential interest as targets for antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. JF - Cancer communications AU - Jaroszewski, J W AU - Kaplan, O AU - Syi, J L AU - Sehested, M AU - Faustino, P J AU - Cohen, J S AD - Biophysical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 287 EP - 294 VL - 2 IS - 8 SN - 0955-3541, 0955-3541 KW - Oligonucleotides KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense KW - Thionucleotides KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Thionucleotides -- pharmacology KW - Base Sequence KW - Genes KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Doxorubicin -- toxicity KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Breast Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Oligonucleotides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79960517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+communications&rft.atitle=Concerning+antisense+inhibition+of+the+multiple+drug+resistance+gene.&rft.au=Jaroszewski%2C+J+W%3BKaplan%2C+O%3BSyi%2C+J+L%3BSehested%2C+M%3BFaustino%2C+P+J%3BCohen%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Jaroszewski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+communications&rft.issn=09553541&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming growth factor-beta 1 specifically localizes in elastin during synovial inflammation: an immunoelectron microscopic study. AN - 79957932; 2167651 AB - We report here that extracellular TGF-beta 1 is associated exclusively with microfibrils of elastin which are present in the extracellular matrix of the inflamed articular joint of the rat. Inflammation was initiated by bacterial cell walls localized in the synovium following intraperitoneal injection of the bacterial components. This synovitis is associated with both destruction of connective tissue components and matrix deposition. The growth factor was localized by using a polyclonal antibody raised to a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino terminal 30 amino acids of TGF-beta 1 in conjunction with a gold-labeled secondary antibody. The results suggest a close association of TGF-beta 1 with proteoglycans which are known to be a major component of the microfibrils in elastin. Proteoglycan-mediated binding and concentration of TGF-beta 1 in specific areas of the extracellular matrix may constitute a mechanism whereby the growth factor could be targeted to specific sites of action. JF - Archiv fur Geschwulstforschung AU - Heine, U I AU - Wahl, S M AU - Munoz, E F AU - Allen, J B AU - Ellingsworth, L R AU - Flanders, K C AU - Roberts, A B AU - Sporn, M B AD - Biological Carcinogenesis Development Program, Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 289 EP - 294 VL - 60 IS - 4 SN - 0003-911X, 0003-911X KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Elastin KW - 9007-58-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Rats KW - Streptococcus pyogenes -- cytology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred Lew KW - Cell Wall -- immunology KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Female KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Synovitis -- metabolism KW - Synovitis -- immunology KW - Elastin -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79957932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archiv+fur+Geschwulstforschung&rft.atitle=Transforming+growth+factor-beta+1+specifically+localizes+in+elastin+during+synovial+inflammation%3A+an+immunoelectron+microscopic+study.&rft.au=Heine%2C+U+I%3BWahl%2C+S+M%3BMunoz%2C+E+F%3BAllen%2C+J+B%3BEllingsworth%2C+L+R%3BFlanders%2C+K+C%3BRoberts%2C+A+B%3BSporn%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Heine&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archiv+fur+Geschwulstforschung&rft.issn=0003911X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemistry of DNA alkylation and aralkylation. AN - 79950569; 2201980 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Dipple, A AU - Moschel, R C AD - BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 71 EP - 80 VL - 340A SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Benzyl Compounds KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - styrene oxide KW - 9QH06NGT6O KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Epoxy Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Alkylation KW - DNA Damage KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79950569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Chemistry+of+DNA+alkylation+and+aralkylation.&rft.au=Dipple%2C+A%3BMoschel%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Dipple&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A treatment crisis: cocaine use by clients in methadone maintenance programs. AN - 79947684; 2388310 AB - We surveyed 11 methadone maintenance treatment programs in the Baltimore, Maryland, area to examine cocaine use among their 2414 clients and the methods employed to cope with that use. The percent of clients with at least one urine sample positive for cocaine during the month previous to study was 15.7% (379/2414) and ranged from 5.9% to 33.0% among the 11 programs. We determined the programs' use of monitoring strategies, treatment services, and administrative controls. We discuss the policy implications of our findings for methadone maintenance programs' efforts to address cocaine use with particular regard to the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among intravenous drug users, their sexual partners, and offspring. JF - Journal of substance abuse treatment AU - Kolar, A F AU - Brown, B S AU - Weddington, W W AU - Ball, J C AD - Addiction Research Center of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 101 EP - 107 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 0740-5472, 0740-5472 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Baltimore KW - Hospitalization KW - Humans KW - Patient Discharge KW - Counseling KW - Clinical Protocols KW - Prevalence KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- therapy KW - Methadone -- therapeutic use KW - Heroin Dependence -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Heroin Dependence -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79947684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+substance+abuse+treatment&rft.atitle=A+treatment+crisis%3A+cocaine+use+by+clients+in+methadone+maintenance+programs.&rft.au=Kolar%2C+A+F%3BBrown%2C+B+S%3BWeddington%2C+W+W%3BBall%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kolar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+substance+abuse+treatment&rft.issn=07405472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional alterations of brain biogenic amines and GABA/glutamate levels in rats following chronic lead exposure during neonatal development. AN - 79943156; 1974757 AB - Wistar rat pups were administered either a high dose of lead acetate (400 micrograms lead/g body weight/day) or a low dose (100 micrograms lead/g body weight/day) by gastric intubation, from 2 days through 60 days of age. The rats on both these doses exhibited statistically significant decreases in body and brain weights throughout the lead treatment period. A group of rats on high dose was also rehabilitated by discontinuing the lead from 60 days of age. In these rats, at 160 days of age, the body weight but not the brain weight recovered to normal levels. During the lead intake, the rats on high dose revealed significant elevations in the levels of noradrenaline (NA) in the hippocampus (HI), cerebellum (CE), hypothalamus (HY), brainstem (BS), and accumbens-striatum (SA). The elevated levels in all the above regions except in the HY persisted even after rehabilitation. The dopamine (DA) levels changed significantly in opposite directions in HY (elevation) and BS (reduction) during the lead treatment, and the HY recovered after rehabilitation. Under lead, the serotonin (5HT) levels were elevated significantly in the HI, BS and MC (motor cortex), while after rehabilitation the abnormality persisted only in the MC. Low dose lead treatment was also effective on the same areas of brain. In the low dose group, estimation of the levels of GABA and glutamate were also done, and a significant decrease of GABA in CE and glutamate in MC was observed. The differences observed in the neurotoxic effects (none or significant) of lead in the different regions for each of the transmitters (NA, DA, 5HT) supports the interesting conclusion that the vulnerability of the axon terminals of any given type is dependent on some regional factors, although the projections of the different regions originate from an apparently similar category of neurons in the brain stem. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Shailesh Kumar, M V AU - Desiraju, T AD - Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 305 EP - 314 VL - 64 IS - 4 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Biogenic Amines KW - 0 KW - Glutamates KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Lead Poisoning -- mortality KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Hyperkinesis -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Biogenic Amines -- metabolism KW - Lead -- toxicity KW - Glutamates -- metabolism KW - Brain -- anatomy & histology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79943156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Regional+alterations+of+brain+biogenic+amines+and+GABA%2Fglutamate+levels+in+rats+following+chronic+lead+exposure+during+neonatal+development.&rft.au=Shailesh+Kumar%2C+M+V%3BDesiraju%2C+T&rft.aulast=Shailesh+Kumar&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione S-transferases and drug resistance. AN - 79942190; 2201336 AB - A remarkably diverse family of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) has evolved in higher organisms. These intracellular enzymes catalyze the nucleophilic attack of glutathione on a variety of hydrophobic, electrophilic xenobiotics often resulting in conjugated or transformed metabolites that are less toxic and more easily excretable. Additionally, some GST isozymes may participate in the repair of oxidative damage to membrane lipids and DNA. Finally, GSTs are high capacity intracellular binding proteins which, independently of their enzymatic activities, may serve in the storage, transport, or sequestration of many hydrophobic compounds. These properties suggest that GSTs may function as important cellular defenses against the cytotoxic effects of carcinogenic and antineoplastic agents. Here we discuss recent evidence that bears upon this notion. JF - Cancer cells (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : 1989) AU - Morrow, C S AU - Cowan, K H AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 15 EP - 22 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1042-2196, 1042-2196 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Humans KW - Drug Resistance KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79942190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.atitle=Glutathione+S-transferases+and+drug+resistance.&rft.au=Morrow%2C+C+S%3BCowan%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Morrow&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+cells+%28Cold+Spring+Harbor%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1989%29&rft.issn=10422196&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mouse as a model of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). AN - 79929934; 2384008 AB - An EAU model has been developed in the mouse using the retinal soluble antigen (SAg), and the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP). Immunogenetic studies indicate that sensitivity to disease is H-2 dependent, but some data suggest that non-MHC genes may also contribute to the regulation of EAU. IRBP was a more potent uveitogen than SAg. Ability to mount lymphocyte and antibody responses was exhibited both by EAU-susceptible and by EAU-resistant strains, and could not be used as a predictive parameter. Dependence of disease induction on variables of immunization was studied in B10.A mice (I-Ak) immunized with IRBP. Use of Bordetella pertussis as additional adjuvant was a prerequisite for successful disease induction. Use of purified pertussis toxin (PTX), rather than a suspension of pertussis bacteria, allowed reduction of the immunization protocol to a single dose of IRBP in CFA. Severity and incidence of disease, as well as its clinical course, were directly affected by the dose of antigen and PTX, and could be controlled by varying their respective doses. A spectrum of disease, from hyperacute to chronic, could be obtained. The chronic type of EAU tended to relapse, with lesions reappearing after a brief period of essential quiescence. The special advantages of the murine EAU model for the study of ocular autoimmunity are discussed. JF - Current eye research AU - Caspi, R R AU - Chan, C C AU - Wiggert, B AU - Chader, G J AD - National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 169 EP - 174 VL - 9 Suppl SN - 0271-3683, 0271-3683 KW - Antigens KW - 0 KW - Arrestin KW - Eye Proteins KW - Retinol-Binding Proteins KW - interstitial retinol-binding protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Immunogenetics KW - Haplotypes KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic KW - Mice KW - Immunization KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- genetics KW - Uveitis -- genetics KW - Retinitis -- immunology KW - Retinitis -- genetics KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Uveitis -- immunology KW - Retinitis -- chemically induced KW - Uveitis -- chemically induced KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79929934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+eye+research&rft.atitle=The+mouse+as+a+model+of+experimental+autoimmune+uveoretinitis+%28EAU%29.&rft.au=Caspi%2C+R+R%3BChan%2C+C+C%3BWiggert%2C+B%3BChader%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Caspi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9+Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+eye+research&rft.issn=02713683&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sentinel and other mutational effects in offspring of cancer survivors. AN - 79922509; 2381923 AB - To date, no agent has been documented to cause germ cell mutation in human beings, with the possible exception of radiation causing abnormal meiotic chromosomes in testes. For studies in humans, mutation epidemiologists prefer the cohort approach, starting with an exposed population and looking for mutations that may be expressed in offspring as variants in health, chromosomes, proteins, or nucleic acids. Currently patients with cancer are the cohort exposed to the largest doses of potential mutagens, i.e., radiotherapy and drugs. In 12 large studies with over 825 patients and 1573 pregnancies, 46 (4%) of 1240 liveborns had a major birth defect, a rate comparable to that in the general population. One of these was a classic sentinel phenotype, i.e., a new sporadic case of a dominant mendelian syndrome. In collaboration with 5 U.S. cancer registries, we interviewed a retrospective cohort of 2383 patients diagnosed with cancer under age 20 years, from 1945 through 1975. Records were sought to verify major genetic disease, defined as a cytogenetic or single gene disorder or 1 of 15 isolated birth defects. In 2308 offspring of survivors, 5 had a chromosomal syndrome, 11 had a single gene disorder, and 62 had at least one major malformation. Among 4722 offspring of sibling controls, the respective numbers were 7, 12, and 127, nonsignificant differences. 7% of the parents of the offspring with possibly new mutations received potentially mutagenic therapy, compared with 12% of parents of normal children. Since pregnancy in or by cancer survivors is still a rare event, future efforts to document germ cell mutation may be best studied through international cooperation coupled with diverse laboratory measures of mutation. JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Mulvihill, J J AD - National Cancer Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 179 EP - 186 VL - 340C SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Index Medicus KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Genetic Diseases, Inborn -- genetics KW - Cohort Studies KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Germ Cells -- radiation effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Mutation KW - Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79922509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Sentinel+and+other+mutational+effects+in+offspring+of+cancer+survivors.&rft.au=Mulvihill%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Mulvihill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340C&rft.issue=&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Work posture and changes in the spine of sewing workers in the clothing industry]. TT - Posture di lavoro e alterazioni del rachide nelle addette al cucito del settore abbigliamento. AN - 79920036; 2381370 AB - An evaluation was made of the posture risk and occurrence of alterations of the spine in a sample of female sewing machine operators in the clothing industry. The results revealed a greater risk for sewing operators of contracting spinal disorders compared with a control population matched for sex and age. The cause of these disorders appears to be due to the fact that the work station cannot be adjusted to the anthropometric requirements of the individual subject, and also because the seated position is maintained for long periods. JF - La Medicina del lavoro AU - Tartaglia, R AU - Cinti, G AU - Carrara, S AU - Colombini, D AU - Occhipinti, E AU - Loi, F AD - Servizio di Prevenzione, Igiene e Sicurezza nei Luoghi di Lavoro, Arezzo. PY - 1990 SP - 39 EP - 44 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0025-7818, 0025-7818 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Italy -- epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Prevalence KW - Spinal Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Spinal Diseases -- etiology KW - Posture KW - Clothing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79920036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Medicina+del+lavoro&rft.atitle=%5BWork+posture+and+changes+in+the+spine+of+sewing+workers+in+the+clothing+industry%5D.&rft.au=Tartaglia%2C+R%3BCinti%2C+G%3BCarrara%2C+S%3BColombini%2C+D%3BOcchipinti%2C+E%3BLoi%2C+F&rft.aulast=Tartaglia&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=La+Medicina+del+lavoro&rft.issn=00257818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Italian DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 mediated alkoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activities in different species by prototype P-450 inducers. AN - 79919980; 2379261 AB - The induction of cytochrome P-450-mediated alkoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activities by various xenobiotics was examined in liver from a variety of animal species in order to gain insights into the substrate specificities of the induced P-450s. We found that forms of cytochrome P-450 capable of mediating the O-dealkylation of the short-chain phenoxazone ethers methoxy-, ethoxy- and propoxyresorufin were highly induced by 3-methylcholanthrene-type inducers and by Aroclor-1254 in all species tested, although there were species differences in the relative turnover rates for the various substrates. For example, in hamster liver the turnover rates for the short-chain resorufin ethers decreased in the following order: methoxy greater than ethoxy much greater than propoxy, while in the rat liver almost the exact opposite order was observed: ethoxy = propoxy much greater than methoxy. In contrast, the degree of induction by phenobarbital-type inducers of isozymes catalyzing the O-dealkylation of pentoxy- or benzyloxyresorufin was highly species-dependent. Thus, F344/NCr rats, B6C3F1 mice and NZB rabbits showed the greatest (greater than 20-fold) induction of these activities, either by phenobarbital or Aroclor-1254, while Mongolian gerbils showed intermediate levels of induction and Syrian golden hamsters exhibited very low induction. In the Japanese quail, phenobarbital- or DDT-treatment resulted in minimal induction of pentoxy- or benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity, although significant induction of the latter activity occurred following treatment with 5,6-benzoflavone or with Aroclor-1254. Since substrate specificities of most enzymes can be rationalized based upon differences in the steric requirements at the enzyme active site, we employed molecular modeling techniques to calculate the molecular dimensions of the alkoxyresorufins. Surprisingly, the minimal energy conformations in vacuo of each of the resorufin ethers examined are essentially planar. However, alternative configurations, especially for the pentoxy- and benxyloxy-ethers, having greater three-dimensional bulk are also energetically possible. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Lubet, R A AU - Syi, J L AU - Nelson, J O AU - Nims, R W AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 325 EP - 339 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Oxazines KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gerbillinae KW - Coturnix KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Oxazines -- pharmacology KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79919980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=Induction+of+hepatic+cytochrome+P-450+mediated+alkoxyresorufin+O-dealkylase+activities+in+different+species+by+prototype+P-450+inducers.&rft.au=Lubet%2C+R+A%3BSyi%2C+J+L%3BNelson%2C+J+O%3BNims%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Lubet&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Memory and learning sequelae in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: association with attention deficits. AN - 79913600; 2116096 AB - A systematic study of verbal and nonverbal memory and learning was undertaken in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to assess the incidence and pattern of impairments and to determine the relationship between these deficits and computed tomography (CT) brain scan abnormalities. Twenty-three children who had received cranial irradiation (2,400 cGy) and intrathecal chemotherapy as central nervous system (CNS) preventive therapy and who were off all therapy for at least 4 years were evaluated. On the basis of their CT brain scan findings, patients were divided into three groups: those with intracerebral calcifications (n = 5), those with cortical atrophy (n = 8), and those with normal CT findings (n = 10). Significant deficits in verbal memory (p less than 0.025) and verbal learning (p less than 0.05) were observed that were associated with the presence and type of CT brain scan abnormalities; the greatest impairments were observed in patients with calcifications. No significant differences between CT scan groups were found for nonverbal memory and learning. Previous evaluation of attentional processing in these patients using reaction time tests had revealed the presence of deficits primarily in the ability to sustain attention. Combining those data with findings from the present study showed that memory impairments, particularly those in short-term memory, were primarily attributable to an underlying attentional defect that affect the encoding stage of memory processing. JF - The American journal of pediatric hematology/oncology AU - Brouwers, P AU - Poplack, D AD - Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 174 EP - 181 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0192-8562, 0192-8562 KW - Cytarabine KW - 04079A1RDZ KW - Methotrexate KW - YL5FZ2Y5U1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Calcinosis -- diagnostic imaging KW - Humans KW - Verbal Learning -- drug effects KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Child KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- adverse effects KW - Child, Preschool KW - Verbal Learning -- radiation effects KW - Injections, Spinal KW - Calcinosis -- etiology KW - Adult KW - Brain Diseases -- diagnostic imaging KW - Adolescent KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Brain Diseases -- etiology KW - Radiotherapy, High-Energy -- adverse effects KW - Methotrexate -- adverse effects KW - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- radiotherapy KW - Memory Disorders -- etiology KW - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- therapy KW - Attention -- radiation effects KW - Cytarabine -- adverse effects KW - Cytarabine -- administration & dosage KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Methotrexate -- administration & dosage KW - Learning Disorders -- etiology KW - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79913600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+pediatric+hematology%2Foncology&rft.atitle=Memory+and+learning+sequelae+in+long-term+survivors+of+acute+lymphoblastic+leukemia%3A+association+with+attention+deficits.&rft.au=Brouwers%2C+P%3BPoplack%2C+D&rft.aulast=Brouwers&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+pediatric+hematology%2Foncology&rft.issn=01928562&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of protein kinases and gene expression by immunocytokines. AN - 79911536; 2143058 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Farrar, W L AU - Linnekin, D AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Frederick Cancer Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 240 EP - 252 VL - 594 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Interleukin-3 KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phosphorylation KW - Humans KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- analysis KW - Signal Transduction KW - Interleukin-2 -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinases -- analysis KW - Interleukin-3 -- pharmacology KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Colony-Stimulating Factors -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79911536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+protein+kinases+and+gene+expression+by+immunocytokines.&rft.au=Farrar%2C+W+L%3BLinnekin%2C+D&rft.aulast=Farrar&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=594&rft.issue=&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational risk factors for gastric cancer in Shanghai, China. AN - 79909935; 2378371 AB - Occupational data for over 13,000 incident stomach cancer cases reported to the Shanghai Cancer Registry between 1980 and 1984 were compared with 1982 census employment information to calculate standardized incidence ratios for stomach cancer in the Shanghai urban area. Several occupations were found to have statistically significantly increased risks for stomach cancer, most notably grain farming and several jobs involving potential for exposure to metal, wood, and other dusts and to fossil fuel combustion products. Because of the large numbers involved and consistency of associations, the findings raise hypotheses regarding occupational exposures that warrant further investigation. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Kneller, R W AU - Gao, Y T AU - McLaughlin, J K AU - Gao, R N AU - Blot, W J AU - Liu, M H AU - Sheng, J P AU - Fraumeni, J F AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Registries KW - Agriculture KW - Urban Health KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - China -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79909935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Occupational+risk+factors+for+gastric+cancer+in+Shanghai%2C+China.&rft.au=Kneller%2C+R+W%3BGao%2C+Y+T%3BMcLaughlin%2C+J+K%3BGao%2C+R+N%3BBlot%2C+W+J%3BLiu%2C+M+H%3BSheng%2C+J+P%3BFraumeni%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Kneller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The tryptophan synthase multienzyme complex: exploring structure-function relationships with X-ray crystallography and mutagenesis. AN - 79899037; 1366510 AB - The bifunctional tryptophan synthase alpha 2 beta 2 complex that catalyzes the final two reactions in tryptophan biosynthesis is a classic example of a multienzyme complex that "channels" a metabolic intermediate (indole) between two active sites. The three-dimensional structure of the alpha 2 beta 2 complex from Salmonella typhimurium reveals that the four polypeptide subunits are arranged in an extended alpha beta beta alpha order forming a complex 150 A long. The active sites of the neighboring alpha and beta subunits are separated by about 30 A and appear to be connected by a tunnel, which may facilitate the intramolecular transfer of indole. The active site of the alpha subunit, which is centrally located near one end of an eight-fold alpha/beta barrel structure, contains the sites of most of the missense mutations which were identified as key residues by Yanofsky and colleagues in early genetic studies. Site-directed mutagenesis is being used to replace residues found in the active sites of the alpha and beta subunits in order to probe the mechanism of catalysis. Recombinant DNA technology should also be useful in analyzing protein-protein interaction, protein folding and the channeling phenomenon. JF - Bio/technology (Nature Publishing Company) AU - Hyde, C C AU - Miles, E W AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 27 EP - 32 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0733-222X, 0733-222X KW - Tryptophan Synthase KW - EC 4.2.1.20 KW - Biotechnology KW - Crystallography KW - Protein Binding KW - Protein Conformation KW - Tryptophan Synthase -- metabolism KW - Tryptophan Synthase -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79899037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bio%2Ftechnology+%28Nature+Publishing+Company%29&rft.atitle=The+tryptophan+synthase+multienzyme+complex%3A+exploring+structure-function+relationships+with+X-ray+crystallography+and+mutagenesis.&rft.au=Hyde%2C+C+C%3BMiles%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Hyde&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bio%2Ftechnology+%28Nature+Publishing+Company%29&rft.issn=0733222X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-09-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Menopause and the risk of breast cancer. AN - 79898078; 2197951 AB - In summary, although there is a fair amount of inconsistency regarding the effects of menopausal estrogen therapy on the risk of breast cancer, this may relate to inability of some studies to fully assess effects related to long-term and/or high-dosage usage, the exposures that appear to be most consistently related to elevations in breast cancer risk. Many relationships, however, remain unresolved. For example, there is only scant epidemiologic information available on the relationship of breast cancer risk to exposure to estrogens in forms other than pills, such as injectable estrogen cream, or patches. Also unclear is whether different estrogens have discrepant effects. For example, in the recent Swedish study, the primary estrogen prescribed was estradiol, a more potent estrogen than the conjugated estrogens commonly prescribed in the United States. Few studies, all based on limited numbers of exposed women, have provided data regarding effects of combined estrogen/progestin therapy, and further investigations are vitally needed to assess effects on breast cancer risk of progestins added to the commonly used estrogens in this country, including conjugated estrogens and diethylstilbestrol. Given the absence of information on the risks of breast cancer associated with menopausal estrogen therapy, especially when combined with progestins, it is extremely difficult to develop counseling approaches and for informed decisions to be made. Decisions must be made, recognizing that there are considerable benefits that have been associated with estrogen therapy, including substantial reductions in the risk of both osteoporosis and certain cardiovascular diseases. However, many relationships of risk with specific patterns of usage remain unresolved, particularly with respect to the effects on risk of combined estrogen/progestin therapy. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Brinton, L A AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 357 EP - 62; discussion 390-4 VL - 592 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Index Medicus KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Menopause UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79898078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Menopause+and+the+risk+of+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Brinton%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Brinton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=592&rft.issue=&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stereospecificity of N-MDA-induced functional deficits. AN - 79898058; 2197578 AB - Male Fischer-344N rats were pretreated bilaterally with intrahippocampal (D) (-)-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid [(D)-2-APH] (2.5, 5.0 and 10 micrograms/site), a competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, prior to the administration of bilateral N-MDA (10 micrograms/site). (D)-2-APH completely attenuated NMDA-induced hyperactivity and water maze acquisition deficits. (D)-2-APH also attenuated hippocampal pyramidal and granule cell loss induced by NMDA. These effects were stereospecific since pretreatment of the isomer L-(+)-2-APH (10 micrograms/site) had no effect on hyperactivity and water maze acquisition deficits produced by NMDA. In addition, (L)-2-APH provided no protection from NMDA-induced hippocampal granule and pyramidal cell loss. Together, these results suggest that the intrahippocampal administration of NMDA might serve as a useful in vivo model for evaluating the effects associated with the overactivation of NMDA receptors. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Rogers, B C AU - Tilson, H A AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 13 EP - 21 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate KW - 76726-92-6 KW - 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid KW - P34K80CUSM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Learning -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Amino Acids -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Aspartic Acid -- toxicity KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Hippocampus -- pathology KW - Aspartic Acid -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79898058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Stereospecificity+of+N-MDA-induced+functional+deficits.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+B+C%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic epidemiology of ethanol metabolic enzymes: a role for selection. AN - 79897399; 2197794 AB - Human ethanol consumption has a profound impact on nutritional status, causing major alterations in intermediary metabolism and critical deficiencies of vitamins and trace elements. The major enzyme systems responsible for the principal steps in ethanol metabolism have been characterized and the genes cloned, and significant functional polymorphisms have been identified. An inactive allele of the mitochondrial ALDH is associated with flushing and reduced alcohol intake. This allele may also confer greater sensitivity to some of ethanol's toxic effects. In populations not possessing this variant, twin and adoptive studies have revealed that heritability for alcoholism is greater than 50%. The occurrence of three functional polymorphisms in the ethanol metabolic pathway, including two mutations which are conserved across populations, suggests a role for selection in their maintenance. The two general categories of selective forces to maintain these polymorphisms are food toxins and infectious diseases. Of the infectious agents, amoebi and other anaerobic and microaerophilic organisms of the gut are the most logical candidates. JF - World review of nutrition and dietetics AU - Goldman, D AU - Enoch, M A AD - Laboratory on Clinical Studies, NIAAA, Bethesda, Md. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 143 EP - 160 VL - 63 SN - 0084-2230, 0084-2230 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.2.1.3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Nutritional Status KW - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase -- genetics KW - Alcoholism -- enzymology KW - Ethanol -- metabolism KW - Alcoholism -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79897399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+review+of+nutrition+and+dietetics&rft.atitle=Genetic+epidemiology+of+ethanol+metabolic+enzymes%3A+a+role+for+selection.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+D%3BEnoch%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+review+of+nutrition+and+dietetics&rft.issn=00842230&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of mutagenesis and transformation in BALB/c-3T3 clone A31-1 cells by diverse chemical carcinogens. AN - 79890967; 1695571 AB - BALB/c-3T3 cells were employed to examine the genotoxic potential of a variety of known chemical carcinogens. BALB/c-3T3 cells displayed a dose-dependent transformation response to a variety of carcinogens (polycyclic hydrocarbons, methylating agents, ethylating agents, aflatoxin B1 [AFB1], and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide [4-NQO]). When the ability of these compounds to induce mutagenesis to resistance to the cardiac glycoside ouabain (OUAR) was examined, we found the short chain alkylating agents to be particularly effective mutagens, causing biologic effects at doses below those necessary to induce a transformation response. In contrast, the polycyclic hydrocarbons which were potent transforming agents were weaker, albeit significant, mutagens for the OUAR locus in this system, while AFB1 was quite weak. Further studies were performed with 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) and the nongenotoxic carcinogen cinnamyl anthranilate (ClN). 5-AZA was a potent transforming agent, but failed to cause mutagenesis. ClN similarly caused in vitro transformation. When a series of eight structurally diverse compounds were examined in both the BALB/c-3T3 and C3H10T1/2 mouse fibroblast transformation systems, the BALB/c-3T3 system was shown to be sensitive to a wide variety of potential carcinogens, whereas the C3H10T1/2 system proved routinely sensitive only to the polycyclic hydrocarbons. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Lubet, R A AU - Kouri, R E AU - Curren, R A AU - Putman, D L AU - Schechtman, L M AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 13 EP - 20 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Azacitidine -- pharmacology KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Cell Line KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79890967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Induction+of+mutagenesis+and+transformation+in+BALB%2Fc-3T3+clone+A31-1+cells+by+diverse+chemical+carcinogens.&rft.au=Lubet%2C+R+A%3BKouri%2C+R+E%3BCurren%2C+R+A%3BPutman%2C+D+L%3BSchechtman%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Lubet&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tumor suppression studies of human lung cancer. AN - 79880863; 2196581 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Harris, C C AU - Weston, A AU - Sugimura, H AU - Iman, D AU - Shows, T AU - Stanbridge, E AU - Kaighn, E AU - McMenamin, M AD - Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 21 EP - 31 VL - 340D SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Alleles KW - Genes, Dominant KW - Humans KW - Hybrid Cells KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Genes KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79880863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Tumor+suppression+studies+of+human+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Harris%2C+C+C%3BWeston%2C+A%3BSugimura%2C+H%3BIman%2C+D%3BShows%2C+T%3BStanbridge%2C+E%3BKaighn%2C+E%3BMcMenamin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340D&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automation of screening assays for DNA damaging agents which induce the SOS response. AN - 79879923; 2115177 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Elespuru, R K AD - BRI-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 345 EP - 354 VL - 340D SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - 0 KW - beta-Galactosidase KW - EC 3.2.1.23 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - DNA Damage KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Automation KW - beta-Galactosidase -- biosynthesis KW - SOS Response (Genetics) -- genetics KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - SOS Response (Genetics) -- drug effects KW - DNA Repair -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79879923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Automation+of+screening+assays+for+DNA+damaging+agents+which+induce+the+SOS+response.&rft.au=Elespuru%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Elespuru&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340D&rft.issue=&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transfection of cytochrome P450 cDNAs into mammalian cells used in mutation and transformation assays. AN - 79879345; 2371297 AB - The present work demonstrates that cDNAs coding for cytochrome P450 enzymes can be transfected into mammalian cells and expressed. In the present studies, two different cell systems were used for transfection: 10T1/2 cells which can be used to study initiation and promotion (Diamond, 1984) and AHH-1 cells which can be used to study mutation and clastogenesis (Crespi and Thilly, 1984, Crespi and Penman, 1989). Thus, a diversity of endpoints can be studied in cells which have increased metabolic capability. By increasing the metabolic capability of the target cell, the effects of nongenotoxic as well as genotoxic chemicals, can be examined in the appropriate in vitro systems. For example, the 10T1/2 cells can be treated with a nontransforming dose of an initiator followed by continuous treatment with a second chemical that requires cytochrome P450 specific metabolism to manifest its promoting activity. By this approach, greater insight into the role of chemical metabolism in the promotion process (and presumably other nongenotoxic effects) can be obtained. Additionally, the role of specific cytochrome P450s in the metabolism of different classes of carcinogens/drugs can be elucidated. A major advantage of having the metabolizing enzymes actually present in the target cell is that effects of chemicals can be studied in long-term, low-dose exposure protocols which will eliminate the acute toxic effects which are associated with many current protocols. Thus, more realistic environmental exposure conditions can be achieved by using these in vitro systems containing endogenous metabolism systems. JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Langenbach, R AU - Crespi, C AU - Davies, R AU - Rudo, K AU - Smith, P AU - Hansen, S AU - Ross, J AU - Siegfried, J AU - Nesnow, S AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, NIEHS Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 239 EP - 248 VL - 340D SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biotransformation -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Transfection KW - Humans KW - Cell Line KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79879345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Transfection+of+cytochrome+P450+cDNAs+into+mammalian+cells+used+in+mutation+and+transformation+assays.&rft.au=Langenbach%2C+R%3BCrespi%2C+C%3BDavies%2C+R%3BRudo%2C+K%3BSmith%2C+P%3BHansen%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J%3BSiegfried%2C+J%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Langenbach&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340D&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for the identification of rodent carcinogens by in vitro short-term tests. AN - 79878446; 2371299 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Zeiger, E AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 261 EP - 271 VL - 340D SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79878446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+the+identification+of+rodent+carcinogens+by+in+vitro+short-term+tests.&rft.au=Zeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Zeiger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=340D&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity by (+)-1,2-bis-(3,5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl) propane (ICRF-187) in human leukemic HL-60 cells. AN - 79874980; 2164412 AB - The bisdioxopiperazine propane, ICRF-187, has been reported to potentiate doxorubicin cytotoxicity in certain tumor cell lines; however, the mechanism of this interaction is not known. In order to define the mechanism of this interaction, we examined the effects of ICRF-187 on doxorubicin cytotoxicity, free radical formation, and drug accumulation in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Studies show that ICRF-187 synergistically potentiated doxorubicin cytotoxicity in HL-60 cells. This potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity by ICRF-187 appeared to result from enhanced drug dependent free radical formation without effecting doxorubicin uptake in HL-60 cells. JF - Cancer communications AU - Monti, E AU - Sinha, B K AD - Biochemical Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 145 EP - 149 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0955-3541, 0955-3541 KW - Piperazines KW - 0 KW - Razoxane KW - 5AR83PR647 KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Daunorubicin KW - ZS7284E0ZP KW - Index Medicus KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Daunorubicin -- metabolism KW - Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cell Line KW - Biological Transport -- drug effects KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Razoxane -- pharmacology KW - Doxorubicin -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Piperazines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79874980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+communications&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+doxorubicin+cytotoxicity+by+%28%2B%29-1%2C2-bis-%283%2C5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl%29+propane+%28ICRF-187%29+in+human+leukemic+HL-60+cells.&rft.au=Monti%2C+E%3BSinha%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Monti&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+communications&rft.issn=09553541&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid increase of cellular UDP-glucuronide after mitogen stimulation of quiescent 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. AN - 79871967; 2196057 AB - Chromatographic analysis of the acid soluble nucleotide pool in 3T3 fibroblasts 30 minutes after serum stimulation revealed one component that was increased compared to quiescent controls. This component was identified as UDP-glucuronide by chromatographic and chemical means. The time course and magnitude of the serum stimulated increase in UDP-glucuronide is similar to the time course and magnitude of the increase in [14C]uridine uptake. Other factors capable of stimulating [14C]uridine uptake, including epidermal growth factor, platelet derived growth factor, interleukin-1, and a phorbol ester also caused an increase in UDP-glucuronide. The results show that one of the earliest changes in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism after mitogen stimulation is an increase in UDP-glucuronide synthesis, which may be related to increased uridine uptake. JF - Biochemistry international AU - Zaharevitz, D W AU - Chisena, C A AU - Cysyk, R L AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1067 EP - 1076 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0158-5231, 0158-5231 KW - Insulin KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Mitogens KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - Uridine Diphosphate Sugars KW - Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid KW - 2616-64-0 KW - monodansylcadaverine KW - I9N81SC5HD KW - Cadaverine KW - L90BEN6OLL KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Uridine KW - WHI7HQ7H85 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Cadaverine -- pharmacology KW - Kinetics KW - Cadaverine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Uridine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Insulin -- pharmacology KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Cell Line KW - Mitogens -- pharmacology KW - Uridine Diphosphate Sugars -- metabolism KW - Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid -- metabolism KW - Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79871967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+international&rft.atitle=Rapid+increase+of+cellular+UDP-glucuronide+after+mitogen+stimulation+of+quiescent+3T3+mouse+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Zaharevitz%2C+D+W%3BChisena%2C+C+A%3BCysyk%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Zaharevitz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+international&rft.issn=01585231&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral indices of neurotoxicity. AN - 79867061; 2195643 AB - There are many classes of chemicals widely used in a number of commercial and industrial processes having a potential to affect adversely the nervous system. Because of their relative sensitivity to some agents and general noninvasive characteristics, functional measurements of neurotoxicity are being used with greater frequency, especially at the level of hazard identification. The neurobehavioral test battery used by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) includes motor activity, fore- and hindlimb grip strength, acoustic startle response, responsiveness to an adverse thermal stimulus and general health and clinical measures (body weight, autonomic signs, tremor, convulsions). These tests have been used in nearly 40 studies involving various dosing regimens with rats and mice. The NTP battery shows several salient features of an effective screen, including the ability to differentiate known neurotoxicants from nonneurotoxicants, identify certain types of neurological sequelae or profiles of neurotoxic effects and construct dose- and time-response data in a screening context. The extent to which the NTP battery has predictive validity is still being evaluated. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Tilson, H A AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 96 EP - 104 VL - 18 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- pathology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79867061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Behavioral+indices+of+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth, body weight, survival, and tumor trends in F344/N rats during an eleven-year period. AN - 79863135; 2362988 AB - Time trends for growth, body weight, survival and tumor prevalences in 144 diet control groups with a total of 5,184 male F344/N rats and 146 diet control groups with a total of 5,289 female rats of NCI-NTP 2-yr chemical carcinogenicity studies started during an 11-yr period (1971 to 1981) in 11 toxicology testing laboratories were evaluated. Male and female rats in more recent studies grew faster and attained a higher body weight than rats from earlier studies. Survival of males showed a significantly decreasing trend over time, which may have been related to diseases associated with increasing body weight, prevalence of leukemia and changes in criteria for euthanasia of moribund animals. The time trend for survival of females was not significant. There were highly significant (p less than 0.001) positive time trends for prevalences of leukemia, anterior pituitary tumors and thyroid C-cell tumors in both sexes, adrenal pheochromocytomas in males and mammary tumors and endometrial stromal polyps in females. The prevalence of mammary tumors in females and pituitary tumors in males had a highly significant (p less than 0.01) positive association with body weight. Histological reevaluation of tumor prevalences in approximately 250 rats of each sex at each of 4 different time periods indicated that changes in diagnostic criteria may have contributed to but could not totally explain the increased prevalence of leukemia. Changes in diagnostic criteria and the amount of tissue examined may have contributed to the increased prevalence of anterior pituitary tumors in both sexes and adrenal pheochromocytomas in males. Interlaboratory variability and changes in diet may also have contributed to the time-related trends. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Rao, G N AU - Haseman, J K AU - Grumbein, S AU - Crawford, D D AU - Eustis, S L AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 61 EP - 70 VL - 18 IS - 1 Pt 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Animals KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Pheochromocytoma -- mortality KW - Pheochromocytoma -- chemically induced KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- epidemiology KW - Rats KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Time Factors KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- mortality KW - Male KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- mortality KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Uterine Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Pheochromocytoma -- epidemiology KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Survival Rate KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Prevalence KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- epidemiology KW - Body Weight KW - Rats, Inbred F344 -- growth & development KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Rats, Inbred Strains -- growth & development KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79863135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Growth%2C+body+weight%2C+survival%2C+and+tumor+trends+in+F344%2FN+rats+during+an+eleven-year+period.&rft.au=Rao%2C+G+N%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BGrumbein%2C+S%3BCrawford%2C+D+D%3BEustis%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1+Pt+1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth, body weight, survival, and tumor trends in (C57BL/6 X C3H/HeN) F1 (B6C3F1) mice during a nine-year period. AN - 79861934; 2362989 AB - Time trends for growth, body weight, survival and tumor prevalences in 121 diet control groups with a total of 4,636 male B6C3F1 mice and 123 diet control groups with a total of 4,758 female mice of NCI-NTP 2-yr chemical carcinogenicity studies started during a 9-yr period (1973 to 1981) in 11 laboratories were evaluated. Male and female mice did not show substantial changes in growth patterns. Both sexes had highly significant time trends with decreasing body weights in the more recent studies. This apparent trend was due to high body weights during the first 3 yr and highly significant interlaboratory variability. Time trends for survival of both sexes were not significant. Prevalences of liver tumors, lung tumors, and lymphoma in males and lung tumors in females did not show significant time trends. There were significant positive time trends for prevalences of liver tumors and lymphoma in female mice, but the trends were not significant when adjusted for interlaboratory variability. The positive time trend for anterior pituitary tumors of females was highly significant and may be due in part to an increase in the amount of pituitary tissue examined in the more recent studies. Histological reevaluation of liver and anterior pituitary tissue in 208-249 female mice at each of 4 different times periods did not substantially change the prevalences or the time trends. The major factor influencing time trends in mice appeared to be interlaboratory variability. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Rao, G N AU - Haseman, J K AU - Grumbein, S AU - Crawford, D D AU - Eustis, S L AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 71 EP - 77 VL - 18 IS - 1 Pt 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Animals KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Pituitary Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Lymphoma -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Lymphoma -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Lymphoma -- epidemiology KW - Survival Rate KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- epidemiology KW - Body Weight KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- mortality KW - Mice, Inbred Strains -- growth & development KW - Liver Neoplasms -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79861934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Growth%2C+body+weight%2C+survival%2C+and+tumor+trends+in+%28C57BL%2F6+X+C3H%2FHeN%29+F1+%28B6C3F1%29+mice+during+a+nine-year+period.&rft.au=Rao%2C+G+N%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BGrumbein%2C+S%3BCrawford%2C+D+D%3BEustis%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1+Pt+1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Free radicals, antioxidant enzymes, and carcinogenesis. AN - 79853077; 2193855 AB - Free radicals are found to be involved in both initiation and promotion of multistage carcinogenesis. These highly reactive compounds can act as initiators and/or promoters, cause DNA damage, activate procarcinogens, and alter the cellular antioxidant defense system. Antioxidants, the free radical scavengers, however, are shown to be anticarcinogens. They function as the inhibitors at both initiation and promotion/transformation stage of carcinogenesis and protect cells against oxidative damage. Altered antioxidant enzymes were observed during carcinogenesis or in tumors. When compared to their appropriate normal cell counterparts, tumor cells are always low in manganese superoxide dismutase activity, usually low in copper and zinc superoxide dismutase activity and almost always low in catalase activity. Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities are highly variable. In contrast, glutathione S-transferase 7-7 is increased in many tumor cells and in chemically induced preneoplastic rat hepatocyte nodules. Increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is also found in many tumors. Comprehensive data on free radicals, antioxidant enzymes, and carcinogenesis are reviewed. The role of antioxidant enzymes in carcinogenesis is discussed. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Sun, Y AD - Cell Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 583 EP - 599 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Oxygen -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Oxidoreductases -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79853077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Free+radicals%2C+antioxidant+enzymes%2C+and+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Sun%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Free radicals and anticancer drug resistance: oxygen free radicals in the mechanisms of drug cytotoxicity and resistance by certain tumors. AN - 79853025; 2113883 AB - Certain anticancer agents form free radical intermediates during enzymatic activation. Recent studies have indicated that free radicals generated from adriamycin and mitomycin C may play a critical role in their toxicity to human tumor cells. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly apparent that reduced drug activation and or enhanced detoxification of reactive oxygen species may be related to the resistance to these anticancer agents by certain tumor cell lines. The purposes of this review are to summarize the evidence pointing toward the significance of free radicals formation in drug toxicity and to evaluate the role of decreased free radical formation and enhanced free radical scavenging and detoxification in the development of anticancer drug resistance by a spectrum of tumor cell types. Studies failing to support the participation of oxyradicals in the cytotoxicity and resistance of adriamycin are also discussed. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Sinha, B K AU - Mimnaugh, E G AD - Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 567 EP - 581 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Mitomycins KW - Mitomycin KW - 50SG953SK6 KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Doxorubicin -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Mitomycins -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Oxygen -- pharmacology KW - Drug Resistance KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79853025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Free+radicals+and+anticancer+drug+resistance%3A+oxygen+free+radicals+in+the+mechanisms+of+drug+cytotoxicity+and+resistance+by+certain+tumors.&rft.au=Sinha%2C+B+K%3BMimnaugh%2C+E+G&rft.aulast=Sinha&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular and molecular biological aspects of human bronchogenic carcinogenesis. AN - 79848029; 2193649 AB - This is a time of rapid progress in the field of human bronchogenic carcinogenesis due to recent advances in cellular and molecular biology. Important developments over the last 10 years include establishment of methods for culturing NHBE cells under defined conditions, and molecular biological and biochemical epidemiological techniques for identifying genetic changes that are associated with malignant transformation of these cells. Most progress in defining genes associated with human carcinogenesis has been due to discoveries related to oncogenes and more recently, tumor suppressor genes. As was described in Section II.B.3.a, we now know that oncogene products serve as growth factors, growth factor receptors, and cytosolic and nuclear regulatory proteins. In addition, although the actions of putative tumor suppressor genes are less well understood, the first isolated tumor suppressor gene Rb, interacts with the products of DNA viruses which, in turn, are involved in regulation of transcription as was described in Section II.B.3.b. Thus, not surprisingly, both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes code for classes of proteins that are known to play an important role in regulation of cell proliferation. Recently, a second gene that appears to possess tumor suppression activity (p53) has been identified on the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p). The initial data suggesting a possible tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 17p came from cytogenetic and RFLP studies associating loss of heterozygosity in the chromosome 17p13 region with tumor cells and tissues. Since the p53 gene is located in this region it was evaluated and found to be frequently or always altered in several types of tumor cells. Recently, it was determined that introduction of the wild-type p53 gene into NIH3T3 cells will inhibit subsequent malignant transformation. Thus, the preponderance of evidence now supports the hypothesis that while mutated p53 acts as an oncogene, the wild-type p53 gene codes for a tumor suppressor function. The role of balance between oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in control of proliferation is presently an active area of investigation. As discussed, introduction of a chromosome containing a tumor suppressor gene will suppress tumorigenicity of a malignant cell line, even though that cell line possesses an active c-Ha-ras oncogene. Whether or not the level of expression of an activated oncogene is related to tumorigenicity is presently being investigated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Critical reviews in oncology/hematology AU - Willey, J C AU - Harris, C C AD - Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 181 EP - 209 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1040-8428, 1040-8428 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Cell Differentiation KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- analysis KW - Models, Biological KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Oncogenes KW - Viruses -- pathogenicity KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Carcinoma, Bronchogenic -- etiology KW - Carcinoma, Bronchogenic -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinoma, Bronchogenic -- pathology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79848029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.atitle=Cellular+and+molecular+biological+aspects+of+human+bronchogenic+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Willey%2C+J+C%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Willey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.issn=10408428&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The chemotherapeutic potential of glycol alkyl ethers: structure-activity studies of nine compounds in a Fischer-rat leukemia transplant model. AN - 79847318; 2357763 AB - Structure-activity studies with nine glycol alkyl ethers were conducted with a cellular leukemia transplant model in male Fischer rats. This in vivo assay measures the effects of chemical treatment on neoplastic progression in transplant recipients. Chemicals were given ad libitum in the drinking water simultaneously with the transplants and continued throughout the study. In all, 20 million leukemic cells were injected s.c. into syngeneic rats, which after 60 days resulted in a 10-fold increase in relative spleen weights, a 100-fold increase in white blood cell counts, and a 50% reduction in red blood cell (RBC) indices and platelet counts. At this interval, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-ME) given at a dose of 2.5 mg/ml in the drinking water completely eliminated all clinical, morphological, and histopathological evidence of leukemia, whereas the same dose of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-EE) reduced these responses by about 50%. Seven of the glycol ethers were ineffective as anti-leukemic agents, including ethylene glycol, the monopropyl, monobutyl, and monophenyl ethylene glycol ethers, diethylene glycol, and the monomethyl and monoethyl diethylene glycol ethers. 2-ME more than doubled the latency period of leukemia expression and extended survival for at least 210 days. A minimal effective dose for a 50% reduction in the leukemic responses was 0.25 mg/ml 2-ME in the drinking water (15 mg/kg body weight), whereas a 10-fold higher dose of 2-EE was required for equivalent antileukemic activity. In addition, the in vitro exposure of a leukemic spleen mononuclear cell culture to 2-ME caused a dose- and time-dependent reduction in the number of leukemia cells after a single exposure to 1-100 microM concentrations, whereas the 2-ME metabolite, 2-methoxyacetic acid, was only half as effective. The two glycol alkyl ethers with demonstrable anti-leukemic activity, 2-ME and 2-EE, also exhibited a favorable efficacy-to-toxicity ratio and should be considered for further development as chemotherapeutic agents. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Dieter, M P AU - Jameson, C W AU - Maronpot, R R AU - Langenbach, R AU - Braun, A G AD - National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 173 EP - 180 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Administration, Oral KW - Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Remission Induction KW - Ethylene Glycols -- toxicity KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- drug therapy KW - Ethylene Glycols -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79847318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+chemotherapeutic+potential+of+glycol+alkyl+ethers%3A+structure-activity+studies+of+nine+compounds+in+a+Fischer-rat+leukemia+transplant+model.&rft.au=Dieter%2C+M+P%3BJameson%2C+C+W%3BMaronpot%2C+R+R%3BLangenbach%2C+R%3BBraun%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Dieter&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clonidine attenuates increased brain glucose metabolism during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. AN - 79826562; 2352645 AB - The effect of two doses of clonidine on regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose were measured during morphine withdrawal in rats. In the first study, 0 or 200 micrograms/kg clonidine was administered to rats subjected to naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal (naloxone, 0.5 mg/kg, s.c.), and to non-dependent control rats. In a second study of similar design, 0 or 20 micrograms/kg clonidine were administered. Withdrawal signs in rats subjected to naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal and receiving 0, 20 or 200 micrograms/kg clonidine were also assessed. Naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal stimulated regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (59 of 83 regions in study no. 1; 73 of 83 regions in study no. 2). At 200 micrograms/kg, clonidine attenuated this effect (33 of 59 regions). Although 200 micrograms/kg clonidine directly suppressed regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in many regions (significant main effect of clonidine), it attenuated the naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal effect specifically in the lateral septal nucleus, medial habenula, subiculum and gracile nucleus (significant interactions between clonidine and morphine withdrawal). The 20 micrograms/kg dose of clonidine had no statistically significant effect. In behavioral experiments, both doses of clonidine diminished withdrawal in that there was no diarrhea, fewer wet-dog shakes and less abnormal posturing. However, locomotion, grooming and jumping were increased by clonidine. Most of these effects were statistically significant only with the 200 micrograms/kg dose. The results of these studies show that clonidine reduces morphine withdrawal-induced increases in regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in many brain regions, irrespective of the distribution of alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Although clonidine has been thought to ameliorate morphine withdrawal by actions primarily at the locus coeruleus and central amygdala, it may play a major role in other regions as well. JF - Neuroscience AU - Kimes, A S AU - Bell, J A AU - London, E D AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 633 EP - 644 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Deoxy Sugars KW - 0 KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Clonidine KW - MN3L5RMN02 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Autoradiography KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Male KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- metabolism KW - Morphine -- adverse effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Clonidine -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Deoxyglucose -- metabolism KW - Deoxy Sugars -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79826562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Clonidine+attenuates+increased+brain+glucose+metabolism+during+naloxone-precipitated+morphine+withdrawal.&rft.au=Kimes%2C+A+S%3BBell%2C+J+A%3BLondon%2C+E+D&rft.aulast=Kimes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hematopoietic growth factors: a summary of their biology in tissue culture, animals, and clinical trials. AN - 79824540; 2191341 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Young, N S AD - Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 539 EP - 549 VL - 337 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Culture Techniques KW - Chemistry KW - Humans KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Hematopoiesis -- physiology KW - Hematopoiesis -- drug effects KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Growth Substances -- toxicity KW - Growth Substances -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79824540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Hematopoietic+growth+factors%3A+a+summary+of+their+biology+in+tissue+culture%2C+animals%2C+and+clinical+trials.&rft.au=Young%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=337&rft.issue=&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic toxicity studies indicate that tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate administration results in lesions in the rat hippocampus. AN - 79806105; 2349570 AB - Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TRCP), a flame-retardant plasticizer used in plastics, polymeric foams and synthetic fibers, was studied as part of the National Toxicology Program's class study of phosphate flame-retardants. TRCP was administered at 0, 22, 44, 88, 175 and 350 mg/kg to both sexes of rats and 0, 44, 88, 175, 350 and 700 mg/kg to both sexes of mice in both fourteen day repeat dose and sixteen week subchronic studies. Results of these studies showed that TRCP toxicity in the 14-day studies was limited to modest increases in male rat kidney and female rat liver weights. Little evidence of toxicity was observed in mice in the 14 day studies. Toxicity observed in mice in the sixteen week studies was limited to increased liver weights in both sexes and decreased kidney weights in males. Administration of TRCP to rats for sixteen weeks resulted in increased mortality of both males and females, increased liver and kidney weights and a lesion in the hippocampal region of the brain. The lesion observed in rat brain appeared as loss of the pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus and was both more common and more severe in female rats. This lesion, which was not observed in mice, is unusual for any chemical and is unique for a trialkyl phosphate such as TRCP. It is speculated that this highly directed toxicity of TRCP might be used as a chemical probe to investigate the role of the hippocampus in behavior and other functions. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Matthews, H B AU - Dixon, D AU - Herr, D W AU - Tilson, H AD - NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 1 EP - 15 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Organophosphates KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - tris(chloroethyl)phosphate KW - 115-96-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- physiology KW - Organophosphates -- toxicity KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79806105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+toxicity+studies+indicate+that+tris%282-chloroethyl%29phosphate+administration+results+in+lesions+in+the+rat+hippocampus.&rft.au=Matthews%2C+H+B%3BDixon%2C+D%3BHerr%2C+D+W%3BTilson%2C+H&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single-dose toxicokinetics of N-nitrosomethylethylamine and N-nitrosomethyl (2,2,2-trideuterioethyl)amine in the rat. AN - 79804570; 2350229 AB - To investigate the origins of an organotropic shift toward increasing esophageal carcinogenicity and DNA alkylation caused by beta-trideuteration of the hepatocarcinogen, N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), the single-dose toxicokinetics of NMEA and N-nitrosomethyl(2,2,2-trideuterioethyl)amine (NMEA-d3) has been characterized in 8-week-old male Fischer 344 rats by analysis using high performance liquid chromatography of serial blood samples. An i.v. bolus dose of 0.6 mumol/kg to rats revealed biphasic first order elimination with a terminal half-life of 9.46 +/- 0.69 min for unchanged NMEA and 28.9 +/- 2.4 min for total radioactivity. Extensive conversion to polar metabolites was observed in the chromatograms. The systemic blood clearance and apparent steady-state volume of distribution for unchanged NMEA were 39.9 +/- 4.6 ml/min/kg and 496 +/- 36 ml/kg, respectively. There was negligible plasma protein binding and no detectable NMEA was excreted unchanged in the urine. Larger doses given by gavage indicated a systemic bioavailability of 25 +/- 1%. Similar doses of NMEA-d3 given to other groups of rats revealed no significant differences in any of the toxicokinetic parameters. No N-nitrosomethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine was found as a detectable metabolite of NMEA or NMEA-d3 in any of the blood or urine samples which were analyzed. When considered together, the data suggest that previously observed differences in organ specificity for the carcinogens, NMEA and NMEA-d3, are not due to differences in the total amounts of nitrosamine reaching particular tissues, but may have other localized causes such as differences in the enzymes responsible for metabolism which are present in each tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Streeter, A J AU - Nims, R W AU - Anderson, L M AU - Heur, Y H AU - von Hofe, E AU - Kleihues, P AU - Nelson, V C AU - Mico, B A AU - Keefer, L K AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 109 EP - 115 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - methylethylnitrosamine KW - 10595-95-6 KW - Deuterium KW - AR09D82C7G KW - Dimethylnitrosamine KW - M43H21IO8R KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Dimethylnitrosamine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Intubation, Gastrointestinal KW - Male KW - Dimethylnitrosamine -- administration & dosage KW - Hydroxylation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79804570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Single-dose+toxicokinetics+of+N-nitrosomethylethylamine+and+N-nitrosomethyl+%282%2C2%2C2-trideuterioethyl%29amine+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Streeter%2C+A+J%3BNims%2C+R+W%3BAnderson%2C+L+M%3BHeur%2C+Y+H%3Bvon+Hofe%2C+E%3BKleihues%2C+P%3BNelson%2C+V+C%3BMico%2C+B+A%3BKeefer%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=Streeter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral effects of the inhibitors of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, LY 78335 and LY 134046, and their interactions with ethanol. AN - 79800551; 2349361 AB - The centrally active inhibitors of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT), LY 78335 and LY 134046, were investigated both alone and in combination with ethanol (2 g/kg) in a holeboard test of directed exploration and locomotor activity. Both PNMT inhibitors showed dose-related reductions in exploratory head-dipping but were without effect on locomotor activity. In combination with ethanol both PNMT inhibitors tended to attenuate the ethanol-induced reductions in exploratory head-dipping but did not effect ethanol's locomotor stimulant properties. LY 134046 showed neither an anxiolytic nor an anxiogenic profile in the plus-maze test of anxiety, nor did it alter the anxiolytic effects of either 1.2 g/kg or 2 g/kg ethanol. LY 134046 did, however, attenuate the ataxic effects of a 2.4 g/kg dose of ethanol. These results may suggest a role for adrenaline synthesis in some, but not all, of the behavioral effects of ethanol. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Durcan, M J AU - Lister, R G AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 196 EP - 202 VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Benzazepines KW - 0 KW - Benzylamines KW - 2,3-dichloro-alpha-methylbenzylamine KW - 39226-94-3 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - LY 134046 KW - 71274-97-0 KW - Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase KW - EC 2.1.1.28 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Ataxia -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Exploratory Behavior KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Ataxia -- psychology KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Benzazepines -- pharmacology KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79800551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Behavioral+effects+of+the+inhibitors+of+phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase%2C+LY+78335+and+LY+134046%2C+and+their+interactions+with+ethanol.&rft.au=Durcan%2C+M+J%3BLister%2C+R+G%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Durcan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How much data should we collect in a randomized clinical trial? AN - 79797674; 2189185 AB - Multicentre randomized controlled clinical trials are usually designed to answer a specific question. In accomplishing this they often collect a large quantity of data during screening, baseline and follow-up visits. These data are not all necessarily related to the main study question. This collection impacts on the overall recruitment process and the participants' time. During the planning phase of the trial we need to consider the reasons for collecting data and the use of that data for the current study as well as its potential use in future investigations. We discuss briefly some of the possible reasons that data may be collected: screening or determining eligibility; conducting a run-in or dose titration phase; assessing group comparability; aiding patient management; evaluating the natural history of the disease; monitoring the study; testing the study hypotheses; evaluating adherence; estimating side effects and the use of other therapies; analysis of other study questions. JF - Statistics in medicine AU - Verter, J AD - Biostatistics Research Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. PY - 1990 SP - 103 EP - 11; discussion 112-3 VL - 9 IS - 1-2 SN - 0277-6715, 0277-6715 KW - Index Medicus KW - Multicenter Studies as Topic KW - Patient Compliance KW - Humans KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Time Factors KW - Quality Control KW - Data Collection -- methods KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79797674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.atitle=How+much+data+should+we+collect+in+a+randomized+clinical+trial%3F&rft.au=Verter%2C+J&rft.aulast=Verter&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.issn=02776715&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ifosfamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil: effective combination in resistant breast cancer. AN - 79797577; 2347057 AB - Ifosfamide has definite efficacy in many malignant tumours, including breast cancer. In the present study we substituted cyclophosphamide with ifosfamide in the combination CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil) regimen in 25 patients with breast cancer whose disease was refractory to CMF or who had relapsed after previous response. Ifosfamide was given in an i.v. infusion at a dose of 1.2 g/m2 daily for 5 days, together with mesna as a uroprotector (at 20% of the ifosfamide dose). Methotrexate was given at a dose of 40 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil was given at 600 mg/m2, both by i.v. push. Courses were repeated every 21 days. The 24 evaluable patients received 3-12 courses (average, 5 courses); results included a complete remission in 3 patients (12.5%) and a partial remission in 3 (12.5%). Among the remaining patients, improvement was seen in 4 (16.6%); stable disease, in 7; and progressive disease, in 7 (29.2%). The complete responses lasted for 11+, 13+, and 15+ months, and partial remissions, for 2, 6, and 9 months. The responses were detected in soft-tissue as well as visceral lesions, but not in bony lesions. The responders remain under follow-up. This study shows the efficacy of ifosfamide-containing chemotherapy in breast cancer. As toxicities were tolerable, higher doses of ifosfamide could safely be used in these patients. Use of this combination as first-line therapy in breast cancer could be considered for a future study. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Gad-el-Mawla, N AU - Hamza, M R AU - Zikri, Z K AU - Elserafi, M AU - el-Khodari, A AU - Khaled, H AU - Gafaar, R AD - National Cancer Institute Fom-El-Khalig, Cairo, Egypt. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - S85 EP - S86 VL - 26 Suppl SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Ifosfamide KW - UM20QQM95Y KW - Methotrexate KW - YL5FZ2Y5U1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Fluorouracil -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Drug Resistance KW - Middle Aged KW - Methotrexate -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Ifosfamide -- administration & dosage KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79797577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ifosfamide%2C+methotrexate%2C+and+5-fluorouracil%3A+effective+combination+in+resistant+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Gad-el-Mawla%2C+N%3BHamza%2C+M+R%3BZikri%2C+Z+K%3BElserafi%2C+M%3Bel-Khodari%2C+A%3BKhaled%2C+H%3BGafaar%2C+R&rft.aulast=Gad-el-Mawla&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=26+Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of adinazolam and diazepam, alone and in combination with ethanol, on psychomotor and cognitive performance and on autonomic nervous system reactivity in healthy volunteers. AN - 79793581; 2344860 AB - Effects on psychomotor and cognitive performance of adinazolam (15 or 30 mg), alone and in combination with ethanol (0.8 g/kg), were studied in healthy male volunteers and compared to effects of 10 mg diazepam. Adinazolam 30 mg produced relatively long-lasting impairments on tests of tracking, attention, verbal and nonverbal information processing, and memory. Adinazolam 15 mg resulted in descreased visual information processing. Adinazolam decreased supine mean arterial pressure, but only the 15 mg resulted in a tendency for decreased plasma norepinephrine concentrations. After standing for 5 min, 30 mg adinazolam was associated with increased heart rate. Although ethanol consumption produced additive decrements on a continuous performance task, there was little evidence to support a synergistic effect. Adinazolam 30 mg was accompanied by increased self-reports of side effects, especially drowsiness. JF - European journal of clinical pharmacology AU - Linnoila, M AU - Stapleton, J M AU - Lister, R AU - Moss, H AU - Lane, E AU - Granger, A AU - Greenblatt, D J AU - Eckardt, M J AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 21224. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 371 EP - 377 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0031-6970, 0031-6970 KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents KW - 0 KW - Antidepressive Agents KW - Benzodiazepines KW - 12794-10-4 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - adinazolam KW - KN08449444 KW - Diazepam KW - Q3JTX2Q7TU KW - Index Medicus KW - Diazepam -- blood KW - Drug Interactions KW - Benzodiazepines -- blood KW - Humans KW - Diazepam -- pharmacology KW - Adult KW - Posture KW - Benzodiazepines -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Antidepressive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Antidepressive Agents -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79793581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+clinical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+adinazolam+and+diazepam%2C+alone+and+in+combination+with+ethanol%2C+on+psychomotor+and+cognitive+performance+and+on+autonomic+nervous+system+reactivity+in+healthy+volunteers.&rft.au=Linnoila%2C+M%3BStapleton%2C+J+M%3BLister%2C+R%3BMoss%2C+H%3BLane%2C+E%3BGranger%2C+A%3BGreenblatt%2C+D+J%3BEckardt%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Linnoila&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+journal+of+clinical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00316970&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High affinity dopamine reuptake inhibitors as potential cocaine antagonists: a strategy for drug development. AN - 79792514; 2111866 AB - The addictive and euphorogenic effects of cocaine are thought to result primarily from inhibition of dopamine reuptake. Although the potency of cocaine-like drugs as inhibitors of DA reuptake is highly correlated with their potency as reinforcers in animals, several potent DA reuptake blockers (bupropion, nomifensine, benztropine, and mazindol) have not been reported to produce addiction or euphoria in humans. Based on these observations in humans, DA reuptake inhibitors are classified into two groups; type 1 blockers, which produce addiction and euphoria, and type 2 blockers, which do not. Given that type 1 and type 2 blockers act at the same site (the DA transporter), the author suggests that type 2 agents may antagonize the effects of cocaine, and might prove useful in the treatment of cocaine addiction. JF - Life sciences AU - Rothman, R B AD - Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - PL17 EP - PL21 VL - 46 IS - 20 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Propiophenones KW - 0 KW - Bupropion KW - 01ZG3TPX31 KW - Nomifensine KW - 1LGS5JRP31 KW - Benztropine KW - 1NHL2J4X8K KW - Mazindol KW - C56709M5NH KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Propiophenones -- pharmacology KW - Mazindol -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Nomifensine -- pharmacology KW - Benztropine -- pharmacology KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Cocaine -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79792514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=High+affinity+dopamine+reuptake+inhibitors+as+potential+cocaine+antagonists%3A+a+strategy+for+drug+development.&rft.au=Rothman%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Rothman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=PL17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-07-03 N1 - Date created - 1990-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality from lung cancer among workers employed in formaldehyde industries. AN - 79791620; 2343874 AB - A historical cohort of 26,561 workers employed in ten facilities was assembled to evaluate cancer risks associated with exposure to formaldehyde. Historical exposures to formaldehyde by job, work area, plant, and calendar time were estimated using monitoring data available from participating plants, comments from long-term workers and company officials, exposure evaluations from walk-through surveys conducted by project industrial hygienists, and results from monitoring specifically performed for this project. A previous report of findings from this study noted a 30% excess mortality from lung cancer among wage workers. The relative risk for lung cancer (whether estimated by SMRs or SRRs) 20 or more years after first exposure did not generally rise with increasing exposure to formaldehyde. Various estimates of exposure were investigated including duration, intensity, peak, cumulative, and average, and by exposures lagged by 5, 10, 20, and 30 years. The excess did not appear to arise gradually, but emerged suddenly among workers whose total cumulative exposure was less than 0.1 ppm-years. Slightly positive, but nonsignificant, exposure-response associations between lung cancer and level of formaldehyde occurred in only a few out of a large number of comparisons (e.g., for persons hired before the start dates for the study and for workers also exposed to particulates). There was a lack of consistency among the various plants for risk of lung cancer, with six plants having elevated SMRs and four plants having deficits. Mortality from lung cancer was more strongly associated with exposure to other substances including phenol, melamine, urea, and wood dust than with exposure to formaldehyde. Workers exposed to formaldehyde without exposure to these substances did not experience an elevated mortality from lung cancer. The risk did not increase with cumulative levels of formaldehyde among those exposed to other substances and there was a slightly negative trend for those exposed to formaldehyde alone. Although some role for formaldehyde, particularly in association with other substances, in the excess of lung cancer seen among these workers cannot be ruled out, these findings suggest that exposure to phenol, melamine, urea, wood dust or other exposures also occurring in the area where these substances were used (i.e., production of resin and molding compounds) may play a more primary role. This association should be further evaluated in other studies that include workers from resin and molding compound operations. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Blair, A AU - Stewart, P A AU - Hoover, R N AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 683 EP - 699 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Survival Rate KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Formaldehyde -- adverse effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79791620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+from+lung+cancer+among+workers+employed+in+formaldehyde+industries.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+P+A%3BHoover%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prostaglandin H synthase and xenobiotic oxidation. AN - 79790666; 2111654 AB - We have attempted in this article to summarize and review cooxidation reactions that occur during the metabolism of AA and potential roles that these reactions can play in the activation and detoxification of chemicals. This review summarizes approximately 15 years of intensive investigation by a number of laboratories, and as such not all studies are cited, and in some cases data are not discussed with the emphasis that the original investigators may have intended. The major focus of many of these studies has been toward carcinogenesis. In the future, emphasis may shift to the formation of metabolites that will lead to other toxic effects. The cooxidation reactions that occur during AA metabolism are dependent upon the peroxidase activity of PHS. For some chemicals that are not cosubstrates, the epoxidation reactions that occur are dependent upon the subsequent formation of peroxyl radicals. A large and diverse number of chemicals are metabolized by an equally large and diverse number of chemical reactions. The unifying theme is the free radical nature of these oxidations. The subsequent reactions that these chemicals undergo is dictated by the nature of the free radical and the environment in which it is generated. Ample evidence now exists for the contribution of these free radical-mediated reactions not only in the formation of toxic metabolites, but also in some cases in the detoxification of chemicals. The overriding factor for this type of metabolism to occur is the relative concentrations in the specific tissue of PHS and peroxyl radicals with respect to other activating systems, particularly the monooxygenase system. In vivo investigations support the importance of the peroxidase and peroxyl radical systems in both activation and detoxification of chemicals in extrahepatic tissues. JF - Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology AU - Eling, T E AU - Thompson, D C AU - Foureman, G L AU - Curtis, J F AU - Hughes, M F AD - Eicosanoid Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 45 VL - 30 SN - 0362-1642, 0362-1642 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases KW - EC 1.14.99.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Xenobiotics -- metabolism KW - Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79790666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Prostaglandin+H+synthase+and+xenobiotic+oxidation.&rft.au=Eling%2C+T+E%3BThompson%2C+D+C%3BFoureman%2C+G+L%3BCurtis%2C+J+F%3BHughes%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Eling&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=03621642&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ability of short-term tests to predict carcinogenesis in rodents. AN - 79789789; 2188566 JF - Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology AU - Mason, J M AU - Langenbach, R AU - Shelby, M D AU - Zeiger, E AU - Tennant, R W AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 149 EP - 168 VL - 30 SN - 0362-1642, 0362-1642 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Rodentia UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79789789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ability+of+short-term+tests+to+predict+carcinogenesis+in+rodents.&rft.au=Mason%2C+J+M%3BLangenbach%2C+R%3BShelby%2C+M+D%3BZeiger%2C+E%3BTennant%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=03621642&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nursing management of acute oral complications of cancer. AN - 79787360; 2188149 AB - This review evaluates the state of the science and art of nursing management of acute oral complications of cancer. Published general oral hygiene protocols are reviewed briefly, and modifications to routine nursing care for hemorrhage, infection, pain, and problems associated with radiation to the head and neck are explored. There is a scarcity of research on which to base recommendations. The literature is primarily anecdotal or based on reports of experience at a single institution. Inconsistencies among such reports are numerous and have a detrimental effect on nursing management, as various clinicians provide different patient care instruction. Known principles, e.g., the need for adequate plaque removal and infection control, form the basis for nursing guidelines. Research is needed to guide clinical decision making, especially in defining the use of toothbrush substitutes. Problems in pain management appear to arise from inadequate application of known pain management principles. Since many of the oral complications are interrelated, nursing management must also take an integrated approach, and nursing care research must be conducted in the context of multidisciplinary care. Careful transfer of current research-based knowledge to practice and future research will help to achieve high-quality nursing management of acute oral complications. JF - NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute AU - Bavier, A R AD - Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 123 EP - 128 IS - 9 SN - 0893-2751, 0893-2751 KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Oral Hygiene KW - Humans KW - Ulcer -- nursing KW - Pain -- nursing KW - Oral Hemorrhage -- nursing KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Infection -- nursing KW - Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Mouth Diseases -- nursing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79787360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Nursing+management+of+acute+oral+complications+of+cancer.&rft.au=Bavier%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Bavier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=08932751&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic and cellular basis of multistep carcinogenesis. AN - 79785730; 2188272 AB - Experimental evidence indicates that cancer development is a multistep process, and that multiple genetic changes are required before a normal cell becomes fully neoplastic. These genetic changes involve oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and possibly senescence genes. From studies in vivo using several different animal models, the stages are broadly defined as initiation, progression, and clearly involve both genetic and epigenetic events. Studies in vitro using cell culture systems have allowed the multistep process to be dissected in greater detail at both the cellular and molecular genetic level. In the Syrian hamster embryo cell culture model, neoplastic progression requires four heritable changes, involving activation of two oncogenes and loss of two tumor suppressor genes. Like the experimental systems, a limited number of studies of human tumors suggest that the multistep paradigm is also applicable, and that similar genetic events are involved in the development of cancer in humans. JF - Pharmacology & therapeutics AU - Boyd, J A AU - Barrett, J C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 469 EP - 486 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0163-7258, 0163-7258 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79785730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Genetic+and+cellular+basis+of+multistep+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Boyd%2C+J+A%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.issn=01637258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment oral health care interventions for radiation patients. AN - 79782844; 2342596 AB - Individuals undergoing head and neck radiation treatments and cytotoxic chemotherapy for cancer are at risk for a variety of deleterious oral side effects. This added potential for oral problems places the cancer patient in a special category for oral health care management. Pretreatment intervention regimens directed at the supporting tissues of the teeth can effectively remove dental calculus deposits and cementum-imbedded bacterial toxins and reverse the inflammatory state of the periodontium back to normal. A variety of patient-applied fluoride agents are extremely effective in preventing severe radiation-associated dental decay, which is likely to occur after salivary gland dysfunction. Deficiencies in current patient management protocols and areas of current research are noted. Two essentials for a successful patient management program are emphasized: early referral of the patient to a knowledgeable dental team to ensure pre-cancer treatment oral health care intervention and long-term maintenance, and a family-oriented education and motivation program to enhance patient understanding and compliance. JF - NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute AU - Wright, W E AD - National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 57 EP - 59 IS - 9 SN - 0893-2751, 0893-2751 KW - Index Medicus KW - Periodontal Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Dental Caries -- prevention & control KW - Aged KW - Male KW - Oral Hygiene KW - Head and Neck Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79782844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+oral+health+care+interventions+for+radiation+patients.&rft.au=Wright%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=08932751&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oral complications of cancer therapies. Pretherapy interventions to modify salivary dysfunction. AN - 79782511; 2188159 AB - Salivary gland dysfunction is a common side effect of cancer therapies. Salivary secretions are reduced rapidly after starting head and neck radiotherapy. Salivary gland dysfunction has also been linked to bone marrow transplantation and to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Salivary gland stimulation during radiation has been suggested as a means of reducing radiation damage. Results of an ongoing study investigating the effects of pilocarpine on radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction suggest that parotid function was preserved, but not submandibular/sublingual function. Also, patients receiving pilocarpine had less frequent oral complaints. Further research is necessary to develop means of preventing or alleviating the salivary side effects of cancer therapies. JF - NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute AU - Wolff, A AU - Atkinson, J C AU - Macynski, A A AU - Fox, P C AD - Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 87 EP - 90 IS - 9 SN - 0893-2751, 0893-2751 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Pilocarpine KW - 01MI4Q9DI3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pilocarpine -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Salivary Glands -- radiation effects KW - Salivary Glands -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79782511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Oral+complications+of+cancer+therapies.+Pretherapy+interventions+to+modify+salivary+dysfunction.&rft.au=Wolff%2C+A%3BAtkinson%2C+J+C%3BMacynski%2C+A+A%3BFox%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NCI+monographs+%3A+a+publication+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=08932751&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming growth factor-beta expression in fibropapillomas induced by bovine papillomavirus type 1, in normal bovine skin, and in BPV-1-transformed cells. AN - 79774295; 2160257 AB - There is substantial evidence to suggest that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) plays an important role in wound healing and tissue repair as well as in carcinogenesis. It has also been observed that naturally occurring bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1)-induced bovine fibropapillomas occur predominantly at traumatized sites of the body, suggesting that humoral factors released in wounds might be important for papillomavirus infection. We have therefore investigated the possible role of TGF-beta 1 in BPV-1 infections. Two antipeptide antibodies which recognize different epitopes in the N-terminus of TGF-beta 1 were used to localize TGF-beta 1 in bovine fibropapillomas and normal bovine skin using immunohistochemical methods. Staining by anti-LC(1-30) is intracellular in suprabasal keratinocytes of the epidermis as well as the hair follicles and sebaceous glands and correlates with known sites of TGF-beta 1 mRNA synthesis. Anti-CC(1-30) staining is extracellular in the immediately underlying dermis. Neither the pattern nor intensity of TGF-beta 1 staining was affected by BPV-1 infection. C127 cells and BPV-1-transformed C127 cells were compared for TGF-beta 1 mRNA expression and secretion of TGF-beta 1 peptide. Although the levels of messenger RNA and secreted TGF-beta 1 peptide were similar in both cell types, five- to six-fold greater amounts of TGF-beta-like activity per cell was detected in media conditioned by the uninfected cells. TGF-beta 1 treatment had no effect on the growth rate of either cell type or on BPV-1 gene expression in the transformed cells. JF - Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland) AU - Van Obberghen-Schilling, E AU - Thompson, N L AU - Flanders, K C AU - Sporn, M B AU - Lambert, P F AU - Baker, C C AD - Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 111 EP - 121 VL - 2 IS - 2-3 SN - 0897-7194, 0897-7194 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bovine papillomavirus 1 -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Skin Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Papilloma -- metabolism KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Bovine papillomavirus 1 -- genetics KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- metabolism KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- pharmacology KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79774295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Growth+factors+%28Chur%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.atitle=Transforming+growth+factor-beta+expression+in+fibropapillomas+induced+by+bovine+papillomavirus+type+1%2C+in+normal+bovine+skin%2C+and+in+BPV-1-transformed+cells.&rft.au=Van+Obberghen-Schilling%2C+E%3BThompson%2C+N+L%3BFlanders%2C+K+C%3BSporn%2C+M+B%3BLambert%2C+P+F%3BBaker%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Van+Obberghen-Schilling&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Growth+factors+%28Chur%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.issn=08977194&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abnormalities in growth regulation of transformed rat tracheal epithelial cells. AN - 79771824; 1971176 AB - We have examined the changes in growth regulation which take place during multistage transformation of rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells exposed to chemical carcinogens in vitro. Transformed RTE cells demonstrate: (1) altered negative growth factor sensitivity and (2) altered positive growth factor dependence and gene expression compared with primary RTE cells in culture. Primary RTE cells are sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of retinoic acid and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta). Enhanced growth variants of RTE cells, recognized 4-6 weeks after carcinogen treatment, lose sensitivity to the antiproliferative effects of retinoic acid. Likewise, many immortalized RTE cell lines lose responsiveness to growth inhibition by TGF beta. We also examined positive growth factor requirements and gene expression in primary and transformed RTE cells propagated in serum-free media. Many transformed cell lines lose dependence on epidermal growth factor in the media. These cell lines also overexpress TGF alpha mRNA and protein. Since TGF alpha acts at the epidermal growth factor receptor, these data suggest that TGF alpha plays an autocrine role in growth regulation of transformed RTE cells. Thus, alterations in both negative and positive growth factor regulation contribute to expression of the transformed phenotype in RTE cells. JF - Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology AU - Ferriola, P C AU - Steigerwalt, R AU - Robertson, A T AU - Nettesheim, P AD - Laboratory of Pulmonary Pathobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, N.C. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 28 EP - 36 VL - 58 IS - 1 SN - 1015-2008, 1015-2008 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Poly A KW - 24937-83-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- physiology KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Growth Substances -- physiology KW - Poly A -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Trachea -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79771824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pathobiology+%3A+journal+of+immunopathology%2C+molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Abnormalities+in+growth+regulation+of+transformed+rat+tracheal+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Ferriola%2C+P+C%3BSteigerwalt%2C+R%3BRobertson%2C+A+T%3BNettesheim%2C+P&rft.aulast=Ferriola&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pathobiology+%3A+journal+of+immunopathology%2C+molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=10152008&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of drug abuse in the United States: a summary of methods and findings. AN - 79746275; 2331559 AB - Epidemiology has recently been used to effectively track and analyze drug abuse patterns. This article generally describes methods used in the United States for estimating and monitoring drug abuse. It outlines the advantages and limitations of such data sources as surveys, indicators, and ethnography, and briefly explores the work and utility of local, national, and international drug surveillance networks. In addition, it describes national and local patterns of heroin, cocaine, and marijuana abuse. JF - Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization AU - Kozel, N J AD - Division of Epidemiology and Statistical Analysis, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 53 EP - 62 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0085-4638, 0085-4638 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Heroin Dependence -- epidemiology KW - Marijuana Abuse -- epidemiology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79746275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Pan+American+Health+Organization&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+of+drug+abuse+in+the+United+States%3A+a+summary+of+methods+and+findings.&rft.au=Kozel%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Kozel&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Pan+American+Health+Organization&rft.issn=00854638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-06-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of the outcome of rodent carcinogenicity bioassays currently being conducted on 44 chemicals by the National Toxicology Program. AN - 79737054; 2184307 AB - This paper was written to enable evaluation of the concept that knowledge about chemical structure combined with limited short-term genotoxicity and toxicity test results can be used to predict potential carcinogens. Previous attempts have been potentially biased by prior knowledge about the tumorigenicity of chemicals in animals or humans, but the 44 chemicals that are currently being bioassayed for carcinogenicity by the National Toxicology Program provide an opportunity prospectively to evaluate factors that may be predictive of chemical carcinogenicity. Predictions of rodent carcinogenicity for these 44 agents are presented as an example of what we believe is the best available approach at this time. This publication will also enable others to make their own predictions (using whatever methods they believe to have high predictive value) before the results of the animal assays are known. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Tennant, R W AU - Spalding, J AU - Stasiewicz, S AU - Ashby, J AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 3 EP - 14 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Chemistry KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Rodentia KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Predictive Value of Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79737054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+the+outcome+of+rodent+carcinogenicity+bioassays+currently+being+conducted+on+44+chemicals+by+the+National+Toxicology+Program.&rft.au=Tennant%2C+R+W%3BSpalding%2C+J%3BStasiewicz%2C+S%3BAshby%2C+J&rft.aulast=Tennant&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in alcoholic patients who attempt suicide. AN - 79736492; 1691893 AB - Reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid have been reported to be commonly associated with suicidal behaviour. Alcoholics are known to often manifest suicidal behaviour. Therefore, we compared cerebrospinal fluid levels of monoamine metabolites in alcoholics who had (n = 20) and had not (n = 108) attempted suicide and healthy volunteers (n = 30). There were no significant differences among the 3 groups for CSF levels of either 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid, norepinephrine, or the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol. JF - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica AU - Roy, A AU - Lamparski, D AU - De Jong, J AU - Adinoff, B AU - Ravitz, B AU - George, D T AU - Nutt, D AU - Linnoila, M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 58 EP - 61 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0001-690X, 0001-690X KW - Biogenic Monoamines KW - 0 KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol KW - 534-82-7 KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid KW - 54-16-0 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Homovanillic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Middle Aged KW - Norepinephrine -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Biogenic Monoamines -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Suicide, Attempted KW - Alcoholism -- cerebrospinal fluid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79736492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=Cerebrospinal+fluid+monoamine+metabolites+in+alcoholic+patients+who+attempt+suicide.&rft.au=Roy%2C+A%3BLamparski%2C+D%3BDe+Jong%2C+J%3BAdinoff%2C+B%3BRavitz%2C+B%3BGeorge%2C+D+T%3BNutt%2C+D%3BLinnoila%2C+M&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=0001690X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and function of suppressor tRNAs in higher eukaryotes. AN - 79730566; 2183969 JF - Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology AU - Hatfield, D L AU - Smith, D W AU - Lee, B J AU - Worland, P J AU - Oroszlan, S AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 71 EP - 96 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 1040-9238, 1040-9238 KW - RNA, Transfer KW - 9014-25-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Eukaryotic Cells -- metabolism KW - RNA, Transfer -- genetics KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Cells -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79730566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+biochemistry+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+function+of+suppressor+tRNAs+in+higher+eukaryotes.&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+D+W%3BLee%2C+B+J%3BWorland%2C+P+J%3BOroszlan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+biochemistry+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=10409238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of Thai medicinal plants. AN - 79730272; 2183782 AB - Crude extracts and partially purified as well as purified fractions were prepared from three Thai medicinal plants, namely, Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl, Plumbago indica Linn, and Rhinacanthus nasuthus Kurz, and then tested for their mutagenic and antimutagenic potentials using the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. All fractions tested were not mutagenic toward either strain TA98 or TA100 whether tested in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. Interestingly, however, various fractions--especially those extracted by organic solvents such as petroleum ether, hexane, and chloroform, as well as some purified compounds from these plants--could strongly inhibit the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an indirect mutagen, when tested in the presence of S-9 mix but not that of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2), which does not require metabolic activation for its mutagenicity. Furthermore, these fractions could markedly inhibit the activity of rat liver aniline hydroxylase, which is one of the cytochrome-P450-mediated reactions. These results therefore suggest that these Thai medicinal plants contain an antimutagen(s) which inhibits chemical mutagenesis by inhibiting the enzyme activities necessary for activation of indirect mutagens/carcinogens. Identification as well as anticarcinogenicity of purified compounds of these plants are being investigated in our laboratory. JF - Basic life sciences AU - Rojanapo, W AU - Tepsuwan, A AU - Siripong, P AD - Biochemistry and Chemical Carcinogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 447 EP - 452 VL - 52 SN - 0090-5542, 0090-5542 KW - Plant Extracts KW - 0 KW - Aniline Hydroxylase KW - EC 1.14.14.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Thailand KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Biotransformation -- drug effects KW - Aniline Hydroxylase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Plants, Medicinal -- analysis KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79730272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+antimutagenicity+of+Thai+medicinal+plants.&rft.au=Rojanapo%2C+W%3BTepsuwan%2C+A%3BSiripong%2C+P&rft.aulast=Rojanapo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Basic+life+sciences&rft.issn=00905542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro inhibition of the infectivity and replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by combination of antiretroviral 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides and virus-binding inhibitors. AN - 79725196; 1691616 AB - We tested the in vitro inhibitory activities of three 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides and two inhibitors of viral binding in combinations against the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 3'-Azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, or 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, combined with recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4), brought about synergistic antiretroviral activity without toxicity at clinically achievable concentrations. Combinations of 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides plus dextran sulfate exerted similar synergistic antiviral effects without concomitant increases in toxicities. When sCD4 and dextran sulfate were combined, apparent antagonism was observed. We confirmed that no combination of sCD4 plus 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, or 2',3'-dideoxycytidine significantly increased the inhibitory effect on colony formation of human myeloid-monocytic bone marrow cells in vitro at the concentrations used in this study. These data might have clinical relevance for the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. JF - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy AU - Hayashi, S AU - Fine, R L AU - Chou, T C AU - Currens, M J AU - Broder, S AU - Mitsuya, H AD - Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 82 EP - 88 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - Dextrans KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Dextran Sulfate KW - 9042-14-2 KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Bone Marrow Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Drug Synergism KW - Didanosine -- pharmacology KW - Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral -- drug effects KW - Dextrans -- pharmacology KW - HIV-1 -- metabolism KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- toxicity KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- pharmacology KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Antiviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - Antigens, CD4 -- pharmacology KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects KW - Antiviral Agents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79725196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.atitle=In+vitro+inhibition+of+the+infectivity+and+replication+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+by+combination+of+antiretroviral+2%27%2C3%27-dideoxynucleosides+and+virus-binding+inhibitors.&rft.au=Hayashi%2C+S%3BFine%2C+R+L%3BChou%2C+T+C%3BCurrens%2C+M+J%3BBroder%2C+S%3BMitsuya%2C+H&rft.aulast=Hayashi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(8):2469-73 [3470806] J Cell Physiol. 1970 Aug;76(1):77-84 [5471041] Lancet. 1986 Mar 15;1(8481):575-80 [2869302] Lancet. 1987 Jan 17;1(8525):132-5 [2879972] Nature. 1988 Jan 7;331(6151):84-6 [2829024] Nature. 1988 Jan 7;331(6151):78-81 [2829023] Nature. 1988 Jan 7;331(6151):76-8 [2829022] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1988 Apr;4(2):107-13 [2835072] Br J Haematol. 1988 Oct;70(2):137-41 [2847772] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1911-5 [3006077] Science. 1989 Mar 31;243(4899):1731-4 [2467383] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6132-6 [2457906] Lancet. 1987 Jun 13;1(8546):1379 [2438524] Nature. 1987 Feb 26-Mar 4;325(6107):773-8 [2434858] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(20):7096-100 [2413459] Ann Intern Med. 1989 Feb 1;110(3):189-94 [2536257] Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):412-5 [2502840] J Infect Dis. 1989 May;159(5):837-44 [2785146] Lancet. 1988 Jan 16;1(8577):76-81 [2891981] Br J Haematol. 1988 Jul;69(3):299-304 [3261597] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6127-31 [3261865] Nature. 1988 Jan 7;331(6151):82-4 [3257544] Anticancer Res. 1987 Sep-Oct;7(5B):1023-38 [3324934] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987 Jun;31(6):839-43 [3304154] N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 23;317(4):192-7 [3299090] Science. 1987 Dec 18;238(4834):1704-7 [3500514] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987 Mar;31(3):452-4 [3495235] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987 Feb;31(2):168-72 [3471180] J Clin Oncol. 1987 Mar;5(3):489-95 [3819811] Adv Enzyme Regul. 1984;22:27-55 [6382953] Exp Hematol. 1980 Mar;8(3):339-44 [7461045] Cancer Res. 1976 Jun;36(6):1853-82 [773531] J Theor Biol. 1976 Jul 7;59(2):253-76 [957690] N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 23;317(4):185-91 [3299089] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thyroid nodularity after childhood irradiation for lymphoid hyperplasia: a comparison of questionnaire and clinical findings. AN - 79714513; 2324785 AB - Ionizing radiation is a well-established cause of thyroid cancer and nodularity, however, important questions relating to the magnitude of the risk following low-dose medical exposures remain unresolved. To address these issues, we conducted a follow-up study of 1590 individuals treated between 1938 and 1969 with X-rays for childhood lymphoid hyperplasia (av. thyroid dose = 24 cGy) and 1499 individuals treated with surgery only. Thyroid nodularity was determined from self-administered questionnaires completed by 1195 irradiated and 1063 surgically-treated subjects and from clinical examinations of 602 irradiated and 457 non-irradiated subjects. A much higher relative risk (RR) for radiation-induced thyroid nodules was estimated from the questionnaire than from the clinical examination data, 15.8 and 2.7, respectively. (The corresponding estimates of excess RR per cGy were 64 and 7%). Analysis of the examination data revealed a strong dose-response relationship, similar excess RR/cGy for males and females, and an inverse relationship with age at exposure. Although the thyroid gland is one of the most sensitive organs to the neoplastic effects of radiation, the radiation-induced risk of thyroid nodularity reported from questionnaire studies may over-estimate the true risk. JF - Journal of clinical epidemiology AU - Pottern, L M AU - Kaplan, M M AU - Larsen, P R AU - Silva, J E AU - Koenig, R J AU - Lubin, J H AU - Stovall, M AU - Boice, J D AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 449 EP - 460 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0895-4356, 0895-4356 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Thyroid Gland -- radiation effects KW - Physical Examination KW - Hyperplasia KW - Prospective Studies KW - Risk Factors KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Female KW - Male KW - Lymph Nodes -- radiation effects KW - Lymph Nodes -- pathology KW - Thyroid Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Lymph Nodes -- surgery KW - Radiotherapy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79714513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Thyroid+nodularity+after+childhood+irradiation+for+lymphoid+hyperplasia%3A+a+comparison+of+questionnaire+and+clinical+findings.&rft.au=Pottern%2C+L+M%3BKaplan%2C+M+M%3BLarsen%2C+P+R%3BSilva%2C+J+E%3BKoenig%2C+R+J%3BLubin%2C+J+H%3BStovall%2C+M%3BBoice%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Pottern&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.issn=08954356&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline in nonhuman primates: induction of tumors in three macaques. AN - 79714322; 1691162 AB - The carcinogenic potential of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys. Monkeys received IQ, beginning at the age of one year, at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg by gavage. Thus far, IQ has induced hepatocellular carcinoma in three monkeys with a latent period of 27 to 37 months. Metastases to the lung occurred in two of the three monkeys. Microscopically, the hepatocellular carcinoma in all three cases demonstrated a trabecular pattern. These data demonstrate that IQ is a potent carcinogen in nonhuman primates and support the idea that it is a potential carcinogen for humans. JF - Japanese journal of cancer research : Gann AU - Adamson, R H AU - Thorgeirsson, U P AU - Snyderwine, E G AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AU - Reeves, J AU - Dalgard, D W AU - Takayama, S AU - Sugimura, T AD - National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 10 EP - 14 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0910-5050, 0910-5050 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Quinolines KW - alpha-Fetoproteins KW - 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline KW - 30GL3D3T0G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- secondary KW - alpha-Fetoproteins -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Quinolines -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79714322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Japanese+journal+of+cancer+research+%3A+Gann&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+2-amino-3-methylimidazo%5B4%2C5-f%5Dquinoline+in+nonhuman+primates%3A+induction+of+tumors+in+three+macaques.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+R+H%3BThorgeirsson%2C+U+P%3BSnyderwine%2C+E+G%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S%3BReeves%2C+J%3BDalgard%2C+D+W%3BTakayama%2C+S%3BSugimura%2C+T&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Japanese+journal+of+cancer+research+%3A+Gann&rft.issn=09105050&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The febrile neutropenic patient: newer options for empirical therapy. AN - 79714077; 2157645 JF - Haematology and blood transfusion AU - Rubin, M AU - Walsh, T AU - Butler, K AU - Lee, J AU - Lecciones, J AU - Weinberger, M AU - Roilides, E AU - Gress, J AU - Marshall, D AU - Pizzo, P A AD - Infectious Disease Section, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 531 EP - 538 VL - 33 SN - 0171-7111, 0171-7111 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Carbapenems KW - Cephalosporins KW - Quinolones KW - Aztreonam KW - G2B4VE5GH8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Quinolones -- adverse effects KW - Cephalosporins -- adverse effects KW - Quinolones -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Drug Resistance, Microbial KW - Drug Therapy, Combination -- therapeutic use KW - Cephalosporins -- therapeutic use KW - Carbapenems -- therapeutic use KW - Aztreonam -- adverse effects KW - Carbapenems -- adverse effects KW - Aztreonam -- therapeutic use KW - Fever -- etiology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Agranulocytosis -- complications KW - Neutropenia -- complications KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- adverse effects KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- classification KW - Bacterial Infections -- complications KW - Bacterial Infections -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79714077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haematology+and+blood+transfusion&rft.atitle=The+febrile+neutropenic+patient%3A+newer+options+for+empirical+therapy.&rft.au=Rubin%2C+M%3BWalsh%2C+T%3BButler%2C+K%3BLee%2C+J%3BLecciones%2C+J%3BWeinberger%2C+M%3BRoilides%2C+E%3BGress%2C+J%3BMarshall%2C+D%3BPizzo%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Haematology+and+blood+transfusion&rft.issn=01717111&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an in vitro model of tumor progression using v-raf and v-raf/v-myc transformed rat liver epithelial cells: correlation of tumorigenicity with the downregulation of specific proteins. AN - 79708598; 2322386 AB - A series of clonal cell lines were derived from rat liver epithelial cells after being infected with a defective retrovirus containing either v-raf (3611-MSV) or v-raf/v-myc(J2) together with a helper virus. These clones exhibited a different morphology from the regular cuboid shape of the control cells, infected only with the helper virus. All of the infected cell lines contained at least one full length copy of appropriate proviral DNA and expressed comparable levels of v-raf mRNA, although only the cells transformed with the v-raf/v-myc combination were capable of anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. All of the clones except the controls formed tumors in nude mice but with markedly different latency periods and growth rates. Thus, these cell lines represent an in vitro model for tumor progression. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide electrophoresis was used to investigate changes in cellular protein expression related to malignant conversion. The expression of three proteins of pI/Mr x 10(-3) 5.9-7.2/205 (RP1), 6.5-7.5/160 (RP2) and 4.0/85 (RP3) consistently matched the transformed phenotype. In particular the expression of RP1 and RP2 correlated with the relative tumorigenicity of the cell lines. Rat liver epithelial cell lines transformed by other protocols that did not involve v-raf also showed downregulation of these three polypeptides. Crude fractionation studies determined RP1 to be soluble and RP2 and RP3 to be membrane associated. RP2 was shown to be a glycoprotein containing mannose and galactose residues. These three proteins are consistent markers for the tumorigenic potential of rat liver epithelial cells. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Worland, P J AU - Hampton, L L AU - Thorgeirsson, S S AU - Huggett, A C AD - Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 20 EP - 29 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Phenotype KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Oncogenes KW - Down-Regulation KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - Liver KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Cell Transformation, Viral KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79708598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+in+vitro+model+of+tumor+progression+using+v-raf+and+v-raf%2Fv-myc+transformed+rat+liver+epithelial+cells%3A+correlation+of+tumorigenicity+with+the+downregulation+of+specific+proteins.&rft.au=Worland%2C+P+J%3BHampton%2C+L+L%3BThorgeirsson%2C+S+S%3BHuggett%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Worland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome site-specific immunohistochemical detection of DNA adducts in N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene--exposed Chinese hamster ovary cells. AN - 79705397; 2322388 AB - In these studies a polyclonal antiserum elicited against a carcinogen-DNA adduct was used to explore the localization of DNA adducts in metaphase chromosomes of cultured cells. Morphological visualization of the adduct N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8-AF) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to the direct-acting carcinogen N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-Ac-AAF) was accomplished by indirect immunofluorescence with an anti-G-C8-AF antiserum. At the same time the pattern of chromosomal DNA replication was determined by replicative incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and chromosomal staining with anti-BrdUrd. Visualization of DNA in chromosomes was accomplished with Hoechst 33258 dye. When synchronized CHO cells were exposed to N-Ac-AAF for 0.5 h during early S phase, the chromosomal pattern of dG-C8-AF adduct formation was not random. Metaphase chromosome spreads from cells exposed to N-Ac-AAF in different experiments contained certain chromosome regions that had a consistently high adduct concentration. The regions of high DNA damage corresponded to the regions active in DNA synthesis when BrdUrd and the carcinogen were given simultaneously in early S phase. In addition, the patterns of high adduct concentration and replicative synthesis shifted when the carcinogen and BrdUrd were given simultaneously during late S phase. Thus, the stage of cell cycle in which adducts are induced is an important factor in the specific location of the highest concentrations of this type of DNA lesion. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Olivero, O A AU - Huitfeldt, H AU - Poirier, M C AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 37 EP - 43 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene KW - 6098-44-8 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2-Acetylaminofluorene KW - 9M98QLJ2DL KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chromosome Banding KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - DNA Replication KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Bromodeoxyuridine -- metabolism KW - Chromosomes -- analysis KW - DNA Damage KW - Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene -- toxicity KW - Interphase UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79705397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Chromosome+site-specific+immunohistochemical+detection+of+DNA+adducts+in+N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene--exposed+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cells.&rft.au=Olivero%2C+O+A%3BHuitfeldt%2C+H%3BPoirier%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Olivero&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolism and action of amino acid analog anti-cancer agents. AN - 79695798; 2108451 AB - The preclinical pharmacology, antitumor activity and toxicity of seven of the more important amino acid analogs, with antineoplastic activity, is discussed in this review. Three of these compounds are antagonists of L-glutamine: acivicin, DON and azaserine; and two are analogs of L-aspartic acid: PALA and L-alanosine. All five of these antimetabolites interrupt cellular nucleotide synthesis and thereby halt the formation of DNA and/or RNA in the tumor cell. The remaining two compounds, buthionine sulfoximine and difluoromethylornithine, are inhibitors of glutathione and polyamine synthesis, respectively, with limited intrinsic antitumor activity; however, because of their powerful biochemical actions and their low systemic toxicities, they are being evaluated as chemotherapeutic adjuncts to or modulators of other more toxic antineoplastic agents. JF - Pharmacology & therapeutics AU - Ahluwalia, G S AU - Grem, J L AU - Hao, Z AU - Cooney, D A AD - Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 243 EP - 271 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0163-7258, 0163-7258 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Glutamine KW - 0RH81L854J KW - Methionine Sulfoximine KW - 1982-67-8 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - Buthionine Sulfoximine KW - 5072-26-4 KW - Eflornithine KW - ZQN1G5V6SR KW - Index Medicus KW - Aspartic Acid -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Glutamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Glutamine -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Eflornithine -- pharmacology KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- metabolism KW - Aspartic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Glutamine -- pharmacology KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Eflornithine -- metabolism KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- metabolism KW - Amino Acids -- metabolism KW - Amino Acids -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79695798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Metabolism+and+action+of+amino+acid+analog+anti-cancer+agents.&rft.au=Ahluwalia%2C+G+S%3BGrem%2C+J+L%3BHao%2C+Z%3BCooney%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Ahluwalia&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.issn=01637258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liver tumor promoters and other mouse liver carcinogens. AN - 79680113; 2179967 AB - Mouse liver tumors are important end points for safety assessment of chemicals in rodent carcinogenicity assays. The mechanisms of induction of these tumors, whether by chemicals with significant genotoxic activities or by chemicals without such activities, remain unknown. If test mice have spontaneous tumors of high or low background incidence, the promotion of these tumors or of spontaneously initiated or susceptible cells may provide a basis for carcinogenesis induced by these compounds. Likewise, chronic toxicity and its associated target cell hyperplasia may also lead to promotion of these tumors. Experimental systems have been developed to study the mechanisms of tumor promotion in mouse liver. These models should significantly advance research into mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis and tumor promotion in mouse liver and may subsequently be used for human risk assessment. JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Ward, J M AU - Diwan, B A AU - Lubet, R A AU - Henneman, J R AU - Devor, D E AD - Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 85 EP - 108 VL - 331 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Androgens KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Hyperplasia KW - Age Factors KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Androgens -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Hepatectomy -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79680113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Liver+tumor+promoters+and+other+mouse+liver+carcinogens.&rft.au=Ward%2C+J+M%3BDiwan%2C+B+A%3BLubet%2C+R+A%3BHenneman%2C+J+R%3BDevor%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=331&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of maitotoxin on atrial natriuretic factor-mediated accumulation of cyclic GMP in PC12 cells. AN - 79677211; 2156121 AB - Maitotoxin (MTX) activates calcium channels and stimulates phosphoinositide breakdown in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, while having no effect on basal levels of the cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) induces a dose-dependent accumulation of cGMP in PC12 cells through the activation of a membrane bound guanylate cyclase. Effects of ANF on cGMP are independent of extracellular concentrations of calcium. Since agents that activate phosphoinositide breakdown can indirectly affect cyclic nucleotide formation, the effects of MTX on ANF-mediated accumulation of cGMP was studied. MTX induces a dose-dependent inhibition of ANF-mediated accumulation of cGMP. The inhibition by MTX requires the presence of extracellular calcium, but is unaffected by the calcium channel blocker nifedipine. The inhibitory effect of MTX is not mimicked by the calcium ionophore ionomycin. A phorbol ester, PMA, which stimulates protein kinase C, also inhibits ANF-mediated accumulation of cGMP. Sodium nitroprusside induces large accumulations of cGMP in PC12 cells through the stimulation of a soluble guanylate cyclase. Neither MTX nor PMA inhibit nitroprusside-mediated accumulation of cGMP. The results indicate that in PC12 cells, protein kinase C activation, either directly with PMA, and indirectly with MTX through phosphoinositide breakdown and formation of diacylglycerol, leads to inhibition of ANF-mediated, but not nitroprusside-mediated accumulation of cGMP. JF - Life sciences AU - Schulick, A AU - Gusovsky, F AU - Yasumoto, T AU - Daly, J W AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 671 EP - 678 VL - 46 IS - 10 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Marine Toxins KW - 0 KW - Oxocins KW - Nitroprusside KW - 169D1260KM KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - Atrial Natriuretic Factor KW - 85637-73-6 KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - Cyclic GMP KW - H2D2X058MU KW - Nifedipine KW - I9ZF7L6G2L KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Nifedipine -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Nitroprusside -- pharmacology KW - Pheochromocytoma KW - Marine Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Atrial Natriuretic Factor -- pharmacology KW - Cyclic GMP -- biosynthesis KW - Atrial Natriuretic Factor -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79677211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=Effects+of+maitotoxin+on+atrial+natriuretic+factor-mediated+accumulation+of+cyclic+GMP+in+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Schulick%2C+A%3BGusovsky%2C+F%3BYasumoto%2C+T%3BDaly%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Schulick&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-26 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of TCDD on receptors for epidermal growth factor, glucocorticoid, and estrogen in Ah-responsive and -nonresponsive congenic mice and the effects of TCDD on estradiol metabolism in a liver tumor promotion model in female rats. AN - 79673452; 2156271 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Goldstein, J A AU - Lin, F H AU - Stohs, S J AU - Graham, M AU - Clarke, G AU - Birnbaum, L AU - Lucier, G AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 187 EP - 202 VL - 331 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Receptors, Drug KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL -- genetics KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C3H -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Mice KW - Rats, Inbred Strains -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Receptors, Drug -- genetics KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- genetics KW - Receptors, Drug -- drug effects KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- metabolism KW - Dioxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79673452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+TCDD+on+receptors+for+epidermal+growth+factor%2C+glucocorticoid%2C+and+estrogen+in+Ah-responsive+and+-nonresponsive+congenic+mice+and+the+effects+of+TCDD+on+estradiol+metabolism+in+a+liver+tumor+promotion+model+in+female+rats.&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+J+A%3BLin%2C+F+H%3BStohs%2C+S+J%3BGraham%2C+M%3BClarke%2C+G%3BBirnbaum%2C+L%3BLucier%2C+G&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=331&rft.issue=&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationships in promotion of rat hepatocarcinogenesis by 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol. AN - 79672094; 1968981 AB - One of the critical issues in risk assessment for chemical carcinogens is the evaluation of dose-response relationships for tumor promoters. In the studies reported here we have systematically investigated dose-response relationships for the liver tumor-promoting actions of 17 alpha-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) following a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (200 mg/kg) to ovariectomized female rats. Parameters measured included tumor incidence, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) positive foci, serum prolactin and serum EE2. The length of tumor promotion ranged from 30 to 60 wk. Results showed a linear increase in GGT-positive foci between doses of 16 and 90 micrograms EE2 kg/d for 30 wk. This was associated with corresponding increases in liver tumor incidence at 60 wk. Seventy-five percent of the animals had either hepatocellular adenoma or hepatocellular carcinoma in the group promoted with 90 micrograms EE2/kg for 60 wk. No liver tumors were evident in either controls or animals receiving estrogen only. Serum prolactin concentrations were elevated in all estrogen-treated groups. In summary, our studies have evaluated dose-response relationships for GGT-positive foci and tumor incidence in a two-stage model for hepatocarcinogenesis using EE2 as the promoting agent. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Campen, D AU - Maronpot, R AU - Lucier, G AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 257 EP - 268 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - 0 KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - Ethinyl Estradiol KW - 423D2T571U KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.2.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Prolactin -- blood KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- drug effects KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase -- analysis KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Precancerous Conditions -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Ethinyl Estradiol -- toxicity KW - Ethinyl Estradiol -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79672094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationships+in+promotion+of+rat+hepatocarcinogenesis+by+17+alpha-ethinylestradiol.&rft.au=Campen%2C+D%3BMaronpot%2C+R%3BLucier%2C+G&rft.aulast=Campen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing human hair for drugs of abuse. I. Individual dose and time profiles of morphine and codeine in plasma, saliva, urine, and beard compared to drug-induced effects on pupils and behavior. AN - 79672077; 2314055 AB - The time course of appearance of morphine and codeine in beard after single dose administration in two human subjects was monitored by radioimmunoassay and confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Both morphine and codeine appeared in beard approximately 7-8 days after drug administration at a time when drug levels in urine, plasma, and saliva were not detectable and drug-induced effects had disappeared. Drug levels in beard appeared to be dose-related suggesting that hair analysis can provide evidence of time and degree of drug exposure. JF - Journal of analytical toxicology AU - Cone, E J AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224. PY - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0146-4760, 0146-4760 KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - Codeine KW - Q830PW7520 KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Fluids -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Codeine -- analysis KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Hair -- analysis KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Morphine -- urine KW - Pupil -- drug effects KW - Codeine -- urine KW - Saliva -- analysis KW - Morphine -- analysis KW - Morphine -- pharmacology KW - Codeine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79672077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+analytical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Testing+human+hair+for+drugs+of+abuse.+I.+Individual+dose+and+time+profiles+of+morphine+and+codeine+in+plasma%2C+saliva%2C+urine%2C+and+beard+compared+to+drug-induced+effects+on+pupils+and+behavior.&rft.au=Cone%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Cone&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+analytical+toxicology&rft.issn=01464760&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute transverse myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: magnetic resonance imaging and review of the literature. AN - 79670562; 2179553 AB - We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with acute transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine demonstrated increased signal intensity and diffuse edema in the cervical cord. The patient had low titer of IgG antiphospholipid antibodies and hypocomplementemia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis, increased protein and decreased glucose. Clinical improvement of the neurologic impairment was noted after high dose corticosteroids and intravenous bolus cyclophosphamide. A repeat MRI 12 days after the treatment was normal. MRI of the spine can be useful in the diagnosis and followup of patients with SLE presenting with an acute myelopathic syndrome. Early aggressive treatment may contribute to complete recovery of these patients. JF - The Journal of rheumatology AU - Boumpas, D T AU - Patronas, N J AU - Dalakas, M C AU - Hakim, C A AU - Klippel, J H AU - Balow, J E AD - Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 89 EP - 92 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0315-162X, 0315-162X KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Methylprednisolone KW - X4W7ZR7023 KW - Index Medicus KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Methylprednisolone -- therapeutic use KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Spinal Cord -- pathology KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Myelitis, Transverse -- diagnosis KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- complications KW - Myelitis, Transverse -- etiology KW - Myelitis -- etiology KW - Myelitis, Transverse -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79670562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+rheumatology&rft.atitle=Acute+transverse+myelitis+in+systemic+lupus+erythematosus%3A+magnetic+resonance+imaging+and+review+of+the+literature.&rft.au=Boumpas%2C+D+T%3BPatronas%2C+N+J%3BDalakas%2C+M+C%3BHakim%2C+C+A%3BKlippel%2C+J+H%3BBalow%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Boumpas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+rheumatology&rft.issn=0315162X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on constitutive and hormone-inducible gene expression in rat hepatoma cells. AN - 79661784; 1690087 AB - Previous studies have shown that treatment of rat hepatoma cells (the Fao clone of Reuber H-35 cells) with 500 ng/ml of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) causes a 78% decrease in dexamethasone (DEX)-induced tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) enzyme activity and a concurrent 75% decline in total steroid-induced TAT steady-state RNA levels. To determine if this inhibition was a specific or more general effect on inducible-gene expression, the effects of MNNG on other genes were examined. MNNG had little effect on total DEX or Cd-induced metallothionein (MT) RNA levels when the cells were treated with 1 microM DEX or 3 microM CdCl2 for 4 h. In addition, the carcinogen had no effect on the basal level of MT-specific total RNA, nor did it alter the total RNA levels of the alpha-tubulin gene. Although attempts were made to measure the levels of the glucocorticoid receptor by both biochemical and molecular methods, receptor levels were too low to quantitate accurately. However, the lack of effect of MNNG on steroid-induced MT RNA levels suggests that the inhibitory effect of the carcinogen was not mediated through alterations in glucocorticoid receptor function. MNNG had no effect on cell number or viability, nor did the carcinogen alter the methylation pattern of the TAT gene as determined from MspI/HpaII digests. The results suggest that MNNG mediates its inhibitory effects by a specific interaction with either the TAT gene itself or some other regulatory factor(s) involved in TAT RNA transcription or stability. This effect was relatively gene specific, since expression of the inducible, specialized liver function TAT gene was inhibited by MNNG but expression of the more ubiquitous and inducible MT gene and the constitutively expressed alpha-tubulin gene were not. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Miller, M S AD - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 207 EP - 219 VL - 73 IS - 2-3 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - 0 KW - Tubulin KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Methylnitronitrosoguanidine KW - 12H3O2UGSF KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Dexamethasone KW - 7S5I7G3JQL KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Tyrosine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.5 KW - Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - Deoxyribonuclease HindIII KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- drug effects KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Tyrosine Transaminase -- genetics KW - Metallothionein -- genetics KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Cadmium -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Tubulin -- genetics KW - Methylation KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Dexamethasone -- pharmacology KW - Methylnitronitrosoguanidine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79661784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=Differential+effects+of+N-methyl-N%27-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine+on+constitutive+and+hormone-inducible+gene+expression+in+rat+hepatoma+cells.&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcium efflux across the plasma membrane of rat parotid acinar cells is unaffected by receptor activation or by the microsomal calcium ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin. AN - 79661578; 2138056 AB - The rate of Ca2+ extrusion across the plasma membrane of rat parotid acinar cells was determined by measuring the decay of the intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, following the addition of EGTA to agonist stimulated cells. In the presence of extracellular Ca2+, the muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, methacholine, rapidly increased [Ca2+]i (peaking within 5 s), which then decreased to a higher steady state level. This elevated steady state level was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ concentration. Likewise, thapsigargin, a non-phorbol ester tumor promoter that does not increase inositol phosphates, gradually increased [Ca2+]i, peaking within 1 min and then declining to a new elevated plateau level which was also dependent on extracellular Ca2+. [Ca2+]i, elevated by methacholine or thapsigargin, was rapidly decreased by the addition of EGTA by a process the kinetics of which depended on the value of [Ca2+]i before the addition of EGTA. That is, [Ca2+]i increased as a function of the extracellular Ca2+ concentration and also the apparent half-time for Ca2+ extrusion following the addition of EGTA to cells was increased as the [Ca2+]i increased. This presumably reflects the saturable nature of the Ca2+ extrusion mechanism. The steady state [Ca2+]i in cells stimulated with methacholine or thapsigargin in nominally Ca2+ free medium was similar to the steady state [Ca2+]i in unstimulated cells in normal, Ca2(+)-containing medium. Under these similar [Ca2+]i conditions, stimulated and unstimulated cells showed a similar time course of decay upon addition of EGTA. In addition, neither methacholine nor phorbol myristate acetate decreased the sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i induced by ionomycin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Cell calcium AU - Takemura, H AU - Thastrup, O AU - Putney, J W AD - Calcium Regulation Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 11 EP - 17 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0143-4160, 0143-4160 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Methacholine Compounds KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Terpenes KW - Methacholine Chloride KW - 0W5ETF9M2K KW - Egtazic Acid KW - 526U7A2651 KW - Thapsigargin KW - 67526-95-8 KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.8 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Methacholine Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Microsomes -- enzymology KW - Rats KW - Biological Transport, Active -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Egtazic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Parotid Gland -- drug effects KW - Parotid Gland -- metabolism KW - Parotid Gland -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79661578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+calcium&rft.atitle=Calcium+efflux+across+the+plasma+membrane+of+rat+parotid+acinar+cells+is+unaffected+by+receptor+activation+or+by+the+microsomal+calcium+ATPase+inhibitor%2C+thapsigargin.&rft.au=Takemura%2C+H%3BThastrup%2C+O%3BPutney%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Takemura&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+calcium&rft.issn=01434160&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Procaine and lidocaine stimulate corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion by explanted rat hypothalami through a sodium conductance-independent mechanism. AN - 79649279; 1968416 AB - We have previously shown that procaine and lidocaine stimulate corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion by explanted rat hypothalami. This effect was of interest in light of the fact that both lidocaine and CRH administration to experimental animals can produce kindled seizures which cross-sensitize with electrically kindled seizures, and of recent data suggesting that limbic hyperexcitability, perhaps mediated through CRH, may be involved in the pathophysiology of affective illness. Because a prominent effect of the local anesthetics is to decrease neuronal firing by blocking sodium conductance, we were surprised by the capacity of these agents to cause CRH secretion and pituitary-adrenal activation and wished to further elucidate the possible mechanism(s) of these effects. To accomplish this, we first explored the effect of the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX) on basal and stimulated immunoreactive CRH (iCRH) secretion by explanted rat hypothalami. In contrast to procaine and lidocaine, TTX inhibited rather than stimulated iCRH secretion. Moreover, TTX inhibited lidocaine-induced iCRH secretion but had no influence on the response of the CRH neuron to procaine. To explore other potential mechanisms of action, we examined the effect of the calcium channels blocker verapamil and of pharmacologic antagonists to serotonergic, alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic receptors. The latter was particularly of interest because of structural similarities between procaine or lidocaine and acetylcholine (ACh) and because it has been shown that these anesthetic agents interact with the ACh receptor. Verapamil and blockade of serotonergic, alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic receptors did not inhibit the effects of procaine or lidocaine on iCRH secretion, whereas both GABA and dexamethasone exerted inhibitory effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme AU - Calogero, A E AU - Kling, M A AU - Gallucci, W T AU - Bernardini, R AU - Chrousos, G P AU - Gold, P W AD - Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Developmental, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 25 EP - 28 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0018-5043, 0018-5043 KW - Calcium Channel Blockers KW - 0 KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - Sodium Channels KW - Procaine KW - 4Z8Y51M438 KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 9015-71-8 KW - Lidocaine KW - 98PI200987 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- pharmacology KW - Calcium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Hypothalamus -- secretion KW - Hypothalamus -- drug effects KW - Procaine -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Channels -- physiology KW - Lidocaine -- pharmacology KW - Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone -- secretion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79649279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hormone+and+metabolic+research+%3D+Hormon-+und+Stoffwechselforschung+%3D+Hormones+et+metabolisme&rft.atitle=Procaine+and+lidocaine+stimulate+corticotropin-releasing+hormone+secretion+by+explanted+rat+hypothalami+through+a+sodium+conductance-independent+mechanism.&rft.au=Calogero%2C+A+E%3BKling%2C+M+A%3BGallucci%2C+W+T%3BBernardini%2C+R%3BChrousos%2C+G+P%3BGold%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Calogero&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hormone+and+metabolic+research+%3D+Hormon-+und+Stoffwechselforschung+%3D+Hormones+et+metabolisme&rft.issn=00185043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of TCDD on embryonic ureteric epithelial EGF receptor expression and cell proliferation. AN - 79647905; 2305375 AB - The potent toxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is teratogenic in mice, producing hydronephrosis and cleft palate. Because of the long half-life of TCDD, the urinary tract is exposed throughout development after a single dose on gestation day (GD) 10 or earlier. TCDD-induced hydronephrosis is a consequence of occlusion of the ureter by epithelial cells. Since embryonic growth factors and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor are probably involved in regulation of embryonic cell proliferation, this study examines the effects of TCDD on expression of EGF receptors and proliferation of ureteric epithelial cells in vivo and in culture. After exposure to TCDD by gavage (12, 24, or 30 micrograms/kg on GD 10; 6 or 24 micrograms/kg on GD 12) the mean cell depth of the ureteric and bladder epithelia was increased. EGF receptors were detected immunohistochemically in sectioned urinary tracts. The expression of receptors decreased with advancing development in control ureteric epithelia. However, after TCDD exposure the level of EGF receptors failed to decline. The incorporation of 3H-TdR was observed in sections by autoradiography, and after exposure to TCDD more epithelial cells showed incorporation than was apparent in controls. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of embryonic ureters from fetuses exposed to TCDD in vivo showed no cytotoxicity in basal cells and the cells remained undifferentiated, as in controls. Ureters taken from GD 12 embryos and cultured with 1 x 10(-10)M TCDD showed ureteric epithelial hyperplasia without cytotoxicity, but at 1 x 10(-8)M TCDD evidence of cytotoxicity was observed by TEM. The levels of TCDD found in fetuses after in vivo exposure (204-307 pg/fetus, with 1-2 pg in the urinary tract) compare well with the in vitro level (32 pg/ml), which was most effective in producing hyperplasia of the epithelial cells. The present study correlates a TCDD-induced increase in cell depth with altered regulation of EGF receptors and excessive proliferation, both in vivo and in cultured embryonic ureters. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 71 EP - 84 VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- drug effects KW - Ureter -- pathology KW - Ureter -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Dioxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79647905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+TCDD+on+embryonic+ureteric+epithelial+EGF+receptor+expression+and+cell+proliferation.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The developmental toxicity of orally administered theophylline in rats and mice. AN - 79646413; 2155147 AB - Theophylline (THEO), a widely prescribed anti-asthmatic, was evaluated for developmental toxicity. It was administered continuously on Gestational Days 6 through 15 to pregnant Sprague-Dawley (CD) rats in the feed (0, 0.15, 0.30, or 0.40%) and to pregnant Swiss (CD-1) mice in the drinking water (0, 0.075, 0.15, or 0.20%). Estimated intake of THEO for rats was 0, 124, 218, or 259 mg/kg/day, while for mice it was 0, 282, 372, or 396 mg/kg/day. In rats, maternal weight gain parameters (weight gain during gestation and treatment, as well as corrected weight gain) decreased at 0.40%. While food consumption was lower only in the 0.40% treatment group, water consumption was higher in all treated groups. There was a dose-related decreasing trend in gravid uterine weight. The number of live fetuses per litter decreased at 0.40% and the average male and female fetal weight per litter decreased at 0.30 and 0.40%. There was no increase in malformations. In mice, maternal corrected body weight and weight gain during gestation decreased at 0.15 and 0.20%, and weight gain during treatment and gravid uterine weight decreased at 0.20%. Water consumption was reduced by as much as 30-45% of controls at 0.15 and 0.20%, respectively, while food consumption did not change with THEO treatment. There was an increase in percentage resorptions per litter and a decrease in the average male and female fetal weight per litter at 0.15 and 0.20%. An increasing trend was noted for percentage malformed fetuses per litter, and percentage litters with externally malformed fetuses were slightly increased in the mid- and high-dose groups. However, these increases were not statistically significant. In summary, there were developmental effects seen in rats at a dose (0.30%) that did not produce overt maternal toxicity, but the adverse developmental effects in mice were observed at doses that caused reduced maternal water consumption and body weight gain. It is possible that water deprivation contributed to the effects seen in mice after THEO treatment. For maternal toxicity, no observable adverse effect levels (NOAELs) were 218 mg/kg for rats and 282 mg/kg for mice. NOAELs for developmental toxicity were 124 mg/kg for rats and 282 mg/kg for mice. These NOAELs are approximately 10- to 30-fold greater than doses required to maintain humans on serum THEO concentrations that are clinically useful. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Lindström, P AU - Morrissey, R E AU - George, J D AU - Price, C J AU - Marr, M C AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Schwetz, B A AD - Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 167 EP - 178 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Theophylline KW - C137DTR5RG KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Cyclic AMP -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Theophylline -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79646413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+developmental+toxicity+of+orally+administered+theophylline+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Lindstr%C3%B6m%2C+P%3BMorrissey%2C+R+E%3BGeorge%2C+J+D%3BPrice%2C+C+J%3BMarr%2C+M+C%3BKimmel%2C+C+A%3BSchwetz%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Lindstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester, a lipophilic chlorambucil derivative that achieves and maintains high concentrations in brain. AN - 79642798; 2306791 AB - Equimolar doses of chlorambucil (10 mg/kg) and the lipophilic chlorambucil derivative, chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester (13 mg/kg), were given i.v. to rats. Plasma and brain concentrations of chlorambucil and its active metabolites, 3,4-dehydrochlorambucil and phenylacetic mustard, as well as of chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester were then determined by HPLC between 2 and 240 min after drug administration. Chlorambucil demonstrated a monophasic disappearance from plasma following its administration, with a half-life of 28 min. Significant amounts of phenylacetic mustard were detected after 15 min, and this agent maintained high levels of active compounds in plasma throughout the study. Only low concentrations of chlorambucil and phenylacetic mustard were detected in brain between 2 and 120 min. Following equimolar chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester administration, it rapidly disappeared from plasma, with a half-life of approximately 2 min, and maintained low plateau concentrations between 15 and 120 min after treatment. It was not detected thereafter, although significant amounts of chlorambucil and phenylacetic mustard were detected throughout the study. Significant amounts of chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester entered and remained within the brain, achieving a peak concentration at 15 min and disappearing thereafter with a half-life of 37 min. Low levels of chlorambucil and phenylacetic mustard were also detected. Calculated from the areas under the concentration vs time curves of total active compounds derived from chlorambucil and chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester in brain and plasma, the brain:plasma concentration integral ratios were 0.018 and 0.68, respectively. Following equimolar doses of chlorambucil and chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester, a 7-fold greater concentration integral was achieved by chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester in brain at a 5-fold lower plasma concentration integral. Chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester may be of value in the treatment of brain-sequestered tumors. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Greig, N H AU - Daly, E M AU - Sweeney, D J AU - Rapoport, S I AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 320 EP - 325 VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Blood Proteins KW - chlorambucil-tertiary butyl ester KW - 119054-09-0 KW - Chlorambucil KW - 18D0SL7309 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Half-Life KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Blood Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Chlorambucil -- pharmacokinetics KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Chlorambucil -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79642798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetics+of+chlorambucil-tertiary+butyl+ester%2C+a+lipophilic+chlorambucil+derivative+that+achieves+and+maintains+high+concentrations+in+brain.&rft.au=Greig%2C+N+H%3BDaly%2C+E+M%3BSweeney%2C+D+J%3BRapoport%2C+S+I&rft.aulast=Greig&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of seven lipophilic chlorambucil esters designed for brain penetration. AN - 79642482; 2306790 AB - This report describes the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of seven chlorambucil esters, which were compared with those of chlorambucil. These esters were designed as chlorambucil prodrugs to increase the brain penetration and concentration vs time profile of chlorambucil within the CNS for potential treatment of brain tumors. They include four aliphatic esters from one to eight carbon chains in length (chlorambucil-methyl, -propyl, -hexyl, and -octyl esters) and three aromatic esters, including the phenylmethyl, phenylethyl and prednisolone ester of chlorambucil, prednimustine. The esters were lipophilic and possessed log octanol:water partition coefficients (log P values) that ranged from 4.05 to greater than 8.0. All retained alkylating activity, which was reduced compared with that of chlorambucil. In addition, all were metabolized in vivo in the rat to yield chlorambucil alone. Measurement of the in vitro rate of ester hydrolysis of the compounds to yield chlorambucil in rat plasma demonstrated that short-chain aliphatic and aromatic chlorambucil esters were rapidly broken down to their parent compound. The plasma half-lives of the compounds increased with the increasing length and complexity of their ester chain. This may have been related to an increase in the binding of the long-chain esters to plasma proteins, protecting the ester from nonspecific plasma esterases, and to a reduced affinity of plasma esterases to these esters. Pharmacokinetic analysis of chlorambucil-hexyl, -octyl, and -prednisolone esters by HPLC demonstrated that following their intravenous administration in the rat (in doses equivalent to equimolar chlorambucil, 10 mg/kg), they yielded only low concentrations of active compounds in plasma and brain. The brain:plasma ratio of these was low and similar to that of chlorambucil, and no ester demonstrated anticancer activity superior to that obtained after the administration of equimolar chlorambucil (5 mg/kg i.v., days 1-5) against brain-sequestered Walker 256 carcinosarcoma in the rat. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Greig, N H AU - Genka, S AU - Daly, E M AU - Sweeney, D J AU - Rapoport, S I AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 311 EP - 319 VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Esters KW - Prodrugs KW - Chlorambucil KW - 18D0SL7309 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Brain Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Half-Life KW - Humans KW - Brain Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Chlorambucil -- pharmacology KW - Chlorambucil -- pharmacokinetics KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Chlorambucil -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79642482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Physicochemical+and+pharmacokinetic+parameters+of+seven+lipophilic+chlorambucil+esters+designed+for+brain+penetration.&rft.au=Greig%2C+N+H%3BGenka%2C+S%3BDaly%2C+E+M%3BSweeney%2C+D+J%3BRapoport%2C+S+I&rft.aulast=Greig&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Senecio alkaloids by thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. AN - 79638723; 2306545 AB - A series of Senecio alkaloid and alkaloid N-oxide standards has been analyzed using positive and negative ion thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) with an ammonium acetate-containing mobile phase. On-line separations of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from extracts of Senecio jacobaea (tansy ragwort) and Senecio vulgaris (common groundsel) were done using an ammonium hydroxide-containing mobile phase. All of the alkaloids known to be present in the extracts were detected by ammonium hydroxide thermospray LC/MS, as well as many other components which may be as-yet-unidentified alkaloids. JF - Biomedical & environmental mass spectrometry AU - Parker, C E AU - Verma, S AU - Tomer, K B AU - Reed, R L AU - Buhler, D R AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 1 EP - 12 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0887-6134, 0887-6134 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Alkaloids KW - Hydroxides KW - Plant Extracts KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids KW - Solvents KW - Ammonium Hydroxide KW - 5138Q19F1X KW - ammonium acetate KW - RRE756S6Q2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- isolation & purification KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- analysis KW - Plant Extracts -- analysis KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Plants, Toxic KW - Senecio -- analysis KW - Alkaloids -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79638723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomedical+%26+environmental+mass+spectrometry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Senecio+alkaloids+by+thermospray+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Parker%2C+C+E%3BVerma%2C+S%3BTomer%2C+K+B%3BReed%2C+R+L%3BBuhler%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomedical+%26+environmental+mass+spectrometry&rft.issn=08876134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cortical visual motion processing for oculomotor control. AN - 79636101; 2406818 JF - Research publications - Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease AU - Wurtz, R H AU - Komatsu, H AU - Yamasaki, D S AU - Dürsteler, M R AD - Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 211 EP - 231 VL - 67 SN - 0091-7443, 0091-7443 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Brain Mapping KW - Humans KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Brain Injuries -- chemically induced KW - Visual Perception -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Motion Perception -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- physiology KW - Eye Movements -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79636101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Research+publications+-+Association+for+Research+in+Nervous+and+Mental+Disease&rft.atitle=Cortical+visual+motion+processing+for+oculomotor+control.&rft.au=Wurtz%2C+R+H%3BKomatsu%2C+H%3BYamasaki%2C+D+S%3BD%C3%BCrsteler%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Wurtz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Research+publications+-+Association+for+Research+in+Nervous+and+Mental+Disease&rft.issn=00917443&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-29 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opposite changes in turnover of noradrenaline and dopamine in the CNS of ethanol-dependent mice. AN - 79622708; 2304614 AB - Turnover rates of noradrenaline and of dopamine were examined in regions of the CNS (brainstem, frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum) and in cardiac tissue of mice that had ingested ethanol for 2 or 7 days and during withdrawal of ethanol. Turnover of neurotransmitters was assessed from the accumulation of dihydroxyphenylalanine and from the depletion in levels of noradrenaline, dopamine and their deaminated metabolites in tissue, after irreversible inhibition of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase with DL-alpha-monofluoromethyldopa. There were no consistent changes in the turnover of noradrenaline or dopamine after 2 or 7 days of continuous ingestion of ethanol, but at the time that animals exhibited peak ethanol-withdrawal symptoms (8 hr after ethanol consumption was stopped), the turnover of dopamine in the striatum was markedly decreased to less than a third of that observed in control animals, whereas the turnover of noradrenaline in the brainstem was increased by a half. The changes in turnover of neurotransmitters in specific regions of the brain may reflect alterations in neuronal activity that result from withdrawal of ethanol, or may be determinants of particular ethanol-withdrawal symptoms. JF - Neuropharmacology AU - Eisenhofer, G AU - Szabo, G AU - Hoffman, P L AD - Clinical Neuroscience Branch, NINCDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 37 EP - 45 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0028-3908, 0028-3908 KW - Catecholamines KW - 0 KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid KW - 102-32-9 KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol KW - 534-82-7 KW - Methyldopa KW - 56LH93261Y KW - alpha-monofluoromethyldopa KW - 69938-07-4 KW - dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol KW - CF5G2G268A KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Catecholamines -- metabolism KW - Methyldopa -- pharmacology KW - Methyldopa -- analogs & derivatives KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Myocardium -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Alcoholism -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79622708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=Opposite+changes+in+turnover+of+noradrenaline+and+dopamine+in+the+CNS+of+ethanol-dependent+mice.&rft.au=Eisenhofer%2C+G%3BSzabo%2C+G%3BHoffman%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Eisenhofer&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropharmacology&rft.issn=00283908&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counteracting effects of urea and betaine in mammalian cells in culture. AN - 79613616; 2301632 AB - Urea and methylamines, such as betaine, are among the major organic osmotic effectors accumulated by organisms under hyperosmotic (high NaCl) stress; the mammalian renal medulla also accumulates such compounds in antidiuresis. Studies on isolated proteins show that urea generally destabilizes protein structure, whereas methylamines are generally stabilizers capable of offsetting the effects of urea. The counteracting-osmolytes hypothesis predicts that cells exposed to high urea concentrations require methylamines for optimal function. In this study, urea, betaine, and other solutes (NaCl, glycerol, sorbitol) were added to growth medium of cultured mammalian cells under conditions in which most solutes entered the cells. For two renal [Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and PAP-HT25] and one nonrenal (Chinese hamster ovary) cell line, urea (greater than 100 mM) or betaine (greater than 50-100 mM) alone inhibited cell growth and survival, measured as colony-forming efficiency. However, the addition of betaine (up to 120 mM) to media with urea (50-300 mM) greatly increased colony-forming efficiency above that with urea alone. A similar, although less marked effect, was seen on colony sizes with MDCK cells. These results support the counteracting-osmolytes hypothesis. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Yancey, P H AU - Burg, M B AD - Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - R198 EP - R204 VL - 258 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Drug Combinations KW - 0 KW - Betaine KW - 3SCV180C9W KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Colony-Forming Units Assay KW - Cell Line KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Betaine -- pharmacology KW - Urea -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79613616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Counteracting+effects+of+urea+and+betaine+in+mammalian+cells+in+culture.&rft.au=Yancey%2C+P+H%3BBurg%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Yancey&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=R198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification of central dopaminergic mechanisms by continuous levodopa therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease. AN - 79612909; 2301923 AB - The management of fluctuations in motor function complicating advanced Parkinson's disease with continuously administered dopaminomimetics was studied in 12 patients. In response to 7 to 12 days of round-the-clock intravenous infusions of levodopa, fluctuations in motor performance gradually diminished, ultimately by more than 40%. The beneficial effect persisted for about 6 days after withdrawal of continuous parenteral treatment and resumption of standard oral therapy. Clinical improvement was associated with changes in several pharmacological indices: Acute dose-response studies of intravenous levodopa showed a shift of the curve to the right in the immediate postinfusion phase compared to preinfusion studies; the therapeutic index improved significantly as patients demonstrated about 76% increased beneficial antiparkinsonian response with an equal degree of toxic dyskinetic effects; and the duration of action of levodopa was prolonged by 30%. These results suggest that changes in central dopaminergic mechanisms contributing to motor complications in advanced Parkinson's disease can be modified by procedures that provide continuous dopamine replacement. Presumably these modifications underlie the gradual amelioration of motor fluctuations over several days of round-the-clock therapy. Results of the present study also suggest potential deleterious effects of chronic intermittent oral treatment in the development of motor complications and thus support the role of long-term, continuous administration of dopaminomimetics. JF - Annals of neurology AU - Mouradian, M M AU - Heuser, I J AU - Baronti, F AU - Chase, T N AD - Experimental Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 18 EP - 23 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0364-5134, 0364-5134 KW - Receptors, Dopamine KW - 0 KW - Levodopa KW - 46627O600J KW - Index Medicus KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Receptors, Dopamine -- drug effects KW - Levodopa -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Dopamine -- physiology KW - Levodopa -- administration & dosage KW - Central Nervous System -- physiopathology KW - Levodopa -- pharmacokinetics KW - Levodopa -- therapeutic use KW - Motor Activity -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Parkinson Disease -- physiopathology KW - Parkinson Disease -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79612909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+neurology&rft.atitle=Modification+of+central+dopaminergic+mechanisms+by+continuous+levodopa+therapy+for+advanced+Parkinson%27s+disease.&rft.au=Mouradian%2C+M+M%3BHeuser%2C+I+J%3BBaronti%2C+F%3BChase%2C+T+N&rft.aulast=Mouradian&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+neurology&rft.issn=03645134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The search for cofactors in AIDS, including an analysis of the association of nitrite inhalant abuse and Kaposi's sarcoma. AN - 79612498; 2405412 AB - The identification of cofactors in AIDS is a challenging scientific task. If successful, identifying cofactors could prove valuable in understanding the pathogenesis of HIV infection and AIDS and in the development of strategies to prolong survival and/or prevent complications in HIV-infected individuals. There is sufficient evidence to suggest the existence of a cofactor in KS in AIDS. Nitrite inhalants remain a leading candidate to be the KS cofactor. Until more is known to document or refute this specific virus-drug interaction hypothesis in the pathogenesis of KS in AIDS, clinicians should encourage their patients to avoid use of nitrite inhalants. This article was prepared by a Federal Government employee as part of official duties; therefore, the material is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission. JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Haverkos, H W AD - Clinical Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 93 EP - 102 VL - 325 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Nitrites KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Inhalation KW - Humans KW - Epidemiologic Factors KW - Homosexuality KW - Male KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- complications KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Sarcoma, Kaposi -- epidemiology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- etiology KW - Sarcoma, Kaposi -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79612498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=The+search+for+cofactors+in+AIDS%2C+including+an+analysis+of+the+association+of+nitrite+inhalant+abuse+and+Kaposi%27s+sarcoma.&rft.au=Haverkos%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Haverkos&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=325&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphocholine-containing antigens of Brugia malayi nonspecifically suppress lymphocyte function. AN - 79609946; 2137305 AB - The immunosuppressive effect of Brugia malayi antigen (BmA) on phytohemagglutinin (PHA) driven T cell proliferation was evaluated in patients with filariasis (n = 14) and compared to control individuals (n = 12). When peripheral blood lymphocytes were co-cultured with BmA and PHA, BmA markedly suppressed the T cell proliferative response to PHA in both filarial patients and control individuals in a dose-dependent manner. The suppression resulted neither from any direct toxicity of BmA nor from nonspecific absorption of the PHA mitogenic activity by BmA. The major suppressive component appears to be phosphocholine (PC), an immunodominant molecule present in abundance on filarial parasites and on circulating filarial antigen. Both purified PC as well as PC-containing antigens affinity purified from BmA were capable of suppressing the proliferative responses of co-cultured autologous lymphocytes to PHA. The suppressive activity was not abolished by mitomycin-C treatment and was greater in patients with filariasis than in normal controls, suggesting that levels of PC-containing antigens determines the magnitude of the suppressive effect of PC-antigen. Further, as induction of the suppressive activity was completely abrogated when antigen pre-treated cells were T cell-depleted, the suppressive effect appears to be mediated primarily by T cells. JF - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene AU - Lal, R B AU - Kumaraswami, V AU - Steel, C AU - Nutman, T B AD - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0002-9637, 0002-9637 KW - Antigens, Helminth KW - 0 KW - Phosphorylcholine KW - 107-73-3 KW - Choline KW - N91BDP6H0X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Animals KW - Immunity, Cellular KW - Humans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic KW - Adult KW - Immune Tolerance KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory -- immunology KW - Choline -- analogs & derivatives KW - Filariasis -- immunology KW - Phosphorylcholine -- immunology KW - Elephantiasis, Filarial -- immunology KW - Brugia -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Antigens, Helminth -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79609946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+tropical+medicine+and+hygiene&rft.atitle=Phosphocholine-containing+antigens+of+Brugia+malayi+nonspecifically+suppress+lymphocyte+function.&rft.au=Lal%2C+R+B%3BKumaraswami%2C+V%3BSteel%2C+C%3BNutman%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Lal&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+tropical+medicine+and+hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbachol desensitizes pancreatic enzyme secretion by downregulation of receptors. AN - 79608601; 1689117 AB - First incubating guinea pig pancreatic acini with carbachol reduced the subsequent stimulation of amylase release caused by carbachol, cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8), and bombesin but not that caused by vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, A23187, or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Carbachol also reduced the subsequent binding of N-[3H]methylscopolamine, 125I-CCK-8, and 125I-[Tyr4]bombesin. Pancreatic acini possess a high-affinity class of cholinergic receptors and a low-affinity cholinergic receptors appears to produce the reduction in carbachol-stimulated amylase release and binding of N-[3H]methylscopolamine. First incubating acini with carbachol caused a complete loss of high-affinity cholinergic receptors with no change in the number or affinity of low-affinity cholinergic receptors. Carbachol occupation of low-affinity cholinergic receptors appears to produce the reduction in CCK-8- and bombesin-stimulated amylase release and in binding of 125I-CCK-8 and 125I-[Tyr4]bombesin. Acini possess two classes of CCK receptors. One class has a high affinity for CCK-8; the other class has a low affinity for CCK-8. First incubating acini with carbachol caused a 60% decrease in the number of high-affinity CCK receptors with no change in the number of low-affinity receptors or the affinities of either class of receptors for CCK-8. Acini possess a single class of bombesin receptors, and first incubating acini with carbachol caused a 40% decrease in the number of bombesin receptors with no change in their affinity for bombesin. 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate reproduced the action of carbachol on binding of N-[3H]methylscopolamine and 125I-CCK-8 but not on binding of 125I-[Tyr4]bombesin, suggesting that carbachol activation of protein kinase C may in some way mediate the effect of carbachol on receptors for carbachol and those for CCK but not that on receptors for bombesin. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Vinayek, R AU - Murakami, M AU - Sharp, C M AU - Jensen, R T AU - Gardner, J D AD - Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - G107 EP - G121 VL - 258 IS - 1 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - 0 KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Substance P KW - 33507-63-0 KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - Calcimycin KW - 37H9VM9WZL KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Amylases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - Sincalide KW - M03GIQ7Z6P KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Bombesin KW - PX9AZU7QPK KW - Index Medicus KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Substance P -- pharmacology KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Kinetics KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Bombesin -- pharmacology KW - Calcimycin -- pharmacology KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Sincalide -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Pancreas -- enzymology KW - Amylases -- secretion KW - Pancreas -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79608601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Carbachol+desensitizes+pancreatic+enzyme+secretion+by+downregulation+of+receptors.&rft.au=Vinayek%2C+R%3BMurakami%2C+M%3BSharp%2C+C+M%3BJensen%2C+R+T%3BGardner%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Vinayek&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=1+Pt+1&rft.spage=G107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic (13-week) toxicity studies of N,N-dimethylaniline administered to Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. AN - 79606309; 2299689 AB - The subchronic toxicity of N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) was studied by administration in corn oil by gavage at doses of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 20, or 500 mg/kg body weight to groups of 10 male and 10 female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice 5 d per week for 13 wk. No compound-related mortality was noted in either rats or mice. Significant decrease in body weight gain was observed in male rats at 250 and 500 mg/kg. The body weight gain of female rats and female mice was not adversely affected by the treatment. Clinical signs of toxicity (cyanosis and decrease in motor activity) occurred in both species and sexes in a dose-dependent fashion. Splenomegaly was observed in all treated groups of rats and mice, with the severity being dose-related. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of hemosiderin in the spleen, liver, testes, and kidney of treated rats and mice. Bone marrow hyperplasia and increased hematopoiesis in the spleen occurred in treated rats, and hematopoiesis was increased in the spleen and liver of treated mice. The severity of these lesions was dose-related. A no-observable-effect for mice was estimated at 31.25 mg/kg; however, a no-effect level was not reached in rats in this study. This suggests that rats are more sensitive than mice to the toxic effect of DMA. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Abdo, K M AU - Jokinen, M P AU - Hiles, R AD - NIEHS-National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 77 EP - 88 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - N,N-dimethylaniline KW - 7426719369 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Weight Gain -- drug effects KW - Bone Marrow -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Splenomegaly KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Aniline Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Aniline Compounds -- toxicity KW - Spleen -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79606309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+%2813-week%29+toxicity+studies+of+N%2CN-dimethylaniline+administered+to+Fischer+344+rats+and+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Abdo%2C+K+M%3BJokinen%2C+M+P%3BHiles%2C+R&rft.aulast=Abdo&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autoxidation and mutagenicity of sodium bisulfite. AN - 79605463; 2405261 AB - An inverse correlation exists between the autoxidation of bisulfite and its mutagenicity in Salmonella. Temperature, pH, and the addition of mannitol, ethanol, or Oxoid broth affect both autoxidation and mutagenicity. A decrease in autoxidation resulted in an increase in the half-life of the parent compound, bisulfite, and its availability for uptake by the cells, leading to increased mutagenesis. The autoxidation of bisulfite is known to produce both sulfur- and oxygen-centered free radicals. The lack of mutagenicity of ammonium persulfate and peroxymonosulfate, which generate the radicals SO4- and SO5-, respectively, argues against the involvement of these oxygen-centered radicals in bisulfite mutagenesis. Inhibition of mutagenesis by the radical spin-trapping agent, DMPO, is consistent with the hypothesis that the sulfur-centered radical, SO3-, plays an important role in bisulfite mutagenesis. The mechanism of bisulfite mutagenesis suggested in this study may have relevance to other known effects attributed to bisulfite, i.e., co-carcinogenesis and immune hypersensitivity. JF - Mutation research AU - Pagano, D A AU - Zeiger, E AU - Stark, A A AD - Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 89 EP - 96 VL - 228 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Cyclic N-Oxides KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Mutagens KW - Peroxides KW - Sulfites KW - peroxymonosulfate KW - 22047-43-4 KW - ammonium peroxydisulfate KW - 22QF6L357F KW - 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide KW - 7170JZ1QF3 KW - Ammonium Sulfate KW - SU46BAM238 KW - sodium bisulfite KW - TZX5469Z6I KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Temperature KW - Cyclic N-Oxides -- pharmacology KW - Peroxides -- toxicity KW - Ammonium Sulfate -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Sulfites -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79605463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Autoxidation+and+mutagenicity+of+sodium+bisulfite.&rft.au=Pagano%2C+D+A%3BZeiger%2C+E%3BStark%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Pagano&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-27 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of striatal lesion on turning behavior and globus pallidus single unit response to dopamine agonist administration. AN - 79603952; 2299971 AB - In normal rats, globus pallidus neurons are excited by the systemic administration of postsynaptically active doses of apomorphine. The role of the striatum in mediating this phenomenon was examined by investigating the effects of apomorphine on neuronal activity in the globus pallidus and on turning behavior in rats with unilateral quinolinic acid lesions of the striatum. The lesion markedly reduced striatal choline acetyltransferase activity and GABA content and significantly attenuated apomorphine's effect on the activity of pallidal neurons. Both the extent of attenuation of the electrophysiological response of pallidal neurons in lesioned animals and the neurotoxin-induced decreases in choline acetyltransferase activity and GABA content in the caudal striatum were correlated with the degree of apomorphine-induced turning. The data indicate that striatopallidal neurons contribute to apomorphine's excitatory effect on the activity of pallidal neurons in normal animals. JF - Life sciences AU - Pan, H S AU - Engber, T M AU - Chase, T N AU - Walters, J R AD - Experimental Therapeutic Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 73 EP - 80 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Choline O-Acetyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.1.6 KW - Apomorphine KW - N21FAR7B4S KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Choline O-Acetyltransferase -- analysis KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- analysis KW - Locomotion -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- physiology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Apomorphine -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Corpus Striatum -- analysis KW - Globus Pallidus -- drug effects KW - Globus Pallidus -- physiology KW - Corpus Striatum -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79603952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+striatal+lesion+on+turning+behavior+and+globus+pallidus+single+unit+response+to+dopamine+agonist+administration.&rft.au=Pan%2C+H+S%3BEngber%2C+T+M%3BChase%2C+T+N%3BWalters%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-02 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular genetics of the P-450 superfamily. AN - 79603611; 2405431 JF - Pharmacology & therapeutics AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1 EP - 38 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0163-7258, 0163-7258 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79603611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Molecular+genetics+of+the+P-450+superfamily.&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+therapeutics&rft.issn=01637258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Myristoylation of an inhibitory GTP-binding protein alpha subunit is essential for its membrane attachment. AN - 79603138; 2105488 AB - We transfected COS cells with cDNAs for the alpha subunits of stimulatory and inhibitory GTP-binding proteins, alpha s and alpha i1, respectively, and immunoprecipitated the metabolically labeled products with specific peptide antibodies. Cells were separated into particulate and soluble fractions before immunoprecipitation; [35S]methionine-labeled alpha s and alpha i were both found primarily in the particulate fraction. [3H]Myristate was incorporated into endogenous and transfected alpha i but could not be detected in alpha s even when it was overexpressed. We converted the second residue, glycine, of alpha i1 into alanine by site-directed mutagenesis. Upon transfection of the mutant alpha i1 into COS cells, the [35S]methionine-labeled product was localized primarily to the soluble fraction, and, also unlike normal alpha i1, the mutant failed to incorporate [3H]myristate. The unmyristoylated mutant alpha i1 could still interact with the beta-gamma complex, since purified beta gamma subunits promoted pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of both the normal and mutant alpha i1 subunits. These results indicate that myristoylation is critical for membrane attachment of alpha i but not alpha s subunits. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Jones, T L AU - Simonds, W F AU - Merendino, J J AU - Brann, M R AU - Spiegel, A M AD - Molecular Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 568 EP - 572 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Hydroxylamines KW - 0 KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Myristic Acids KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - Myristic Acid KW - 0I3V7S25AW KW - NAD KW - 0U46U6E8UK KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose KW - 20762-30-5 KW - Hydroxylamine KW - 2FP81O2L9Z KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Methionine KW - AE28F7PNPL KW - Pertussis Toxin KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Methionine -- metabolism KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose -- metabolism KW - NAD -- metabolism KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Hydroxylamines -- pharmacology KW - Mutation KW - Cell Line KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Myristic Acids -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79603138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Myristoylation+of+an+inhibitory+GTP-binding+protein+alpha+subunit+is+essential+for+its+membrane+attachment.&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+L%3BSimonds%2C+W+F%3BMerendino%2C+J+J%3BBrann%2C+M+R%3BSpiegel%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):379-85 [2569235] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(12):4095-9 [3923487] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(14):4625-8 [2991884] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 15;261(2):631-7 [3079758] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Oct;5(10):2781-8 [3016513] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):8893-7 [3024154] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1987 Jan;49(1):1-16 [2435586] J Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;104(6):1449-53 [3294853] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:615-49 [3113327] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Aug 14;146(3):1234-9 [3113429] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 15;262(29):14241-9 [2820999] Methods Enzymol. 1987;152:145-70 [2958676] Methods Enzymol. 1987;152:684-704 [3657593] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 25;262(30):14683-8 [3117789] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7493-7 [3118369] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Nov 13;148(3):1398-405 [2446610] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Feb 11;16(3):791-802 [2830593] J Biol Chem. 1988 May 15;263(14):6476-9 [3129425] Biochemistry. 1988 Jul 12;27(14):4957-65 [3139030] Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:69-99 [3052287] FEBS Lett. 1989 Jun 5;249(2):189-94 [2500363] Neuron. 1988 Jul;1(5):403-10 [3272174] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):46-53 [2508638] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1408-11 [6103534] Cell. 1981 Jan;23(1):175-82 [6260373] Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Feb;3(2):280-9 [6300662] J Biol Chem. 1983 Sep 10;258(17):10503-10 [6136510] Methods Enzymol. 1985;109:566-72 [2859516] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two oncogenes, v-fos and v-ras, cooperate to convert normal keratinocytes to squamous cell carcinoma. AN - 79602741; 2153961 AB - Previous studies have implicated the rasHa oncogene in the initiation of skin carcinogenesis and the fos oncogene in malignant progression of premalignant skin cell lines. To determine if these two oncogenes are sufficient to convert normal keratinocytes to cancer cells, freshly isolated mouse keratinocytes were coinfected with replication-defective (psi-2) v-rasHa and v-fos viruses in culture. When tested in nude mice within several days of infection, v-fos/v-rasHa-coinfected keratinocytes produced squamous cell carcinomas. Introduction of v-fos alone resulted in normal or hyperplastic skin, whereas v-rasHa alone produced squamous papillomas. These results indicate that two oncogenes are sufficient to produce the malignant phenotype in epidermal cells. Furthermore, they clearly link the fos oncogene with malignant conversion. Since fos acts as a transcriptional regulator of other genes, malignant conversion may be an indirect consequence of the overexpression of the fos-encoded protein leading to a change in the expression of fos-controlled cellular genes. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Greenhalgh, D A AU - Welty, D J AU - Player, A AU - Yuspa, S H AD - Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 643 EP - 647 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Oncogene Proteins v-fos KW - 0 KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Keratinocytes -- transplantation KW - Defective Viruses -- genetics KW - Skin Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Sarcoma Viruses, Murine -- genetics KW - Skin Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Genes, ras KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- genetics KW - Oncogenes KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- genetics KW - Oncogene Proteins, Viral -- genetics KW - Keratinocytes -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Moloney murine sarcoma virus -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79602741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Two+oncogenes%2C+v-fos+and+v-ras%2C+cooperate+to+convert+normal+keratinocytes+to+squamous+cell+carcinoma.&rft.au=Greenhalgh%2C+D+A%3BWelty%2C+D+J%3BPlayer%2C+A%3BYuspa%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Greenhalgh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):1053-62 [6331674] Cancer Res. 1988 Jan 1;48(1):165-9 [3121168] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Sep;81(18):5709-13 [6207530] Nature. 1985 Apr 4-10;314(6010):459-62 [2858820] Cancer Res. 1985 Jun;45(6):2748-52 [3921248] Carcinogenesis. 1985 Apr;6(4):655-7 [3921276] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1595-9 [3422751] Cell. 1988 Feb 12;52(3):471-80 [3125983] Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1010-6 [3130660] Cell. 1988 Jul 29;54(3):325-34 [2840203] Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):245-54 [6153576] Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Aug;9(8):1503-5 [3402048] J Virol. 1980 Nov;36(2):408-20 [6253666] J Virol. 1982 Nov;44(2):674-82 [6292525] Nature. 1983 Jul 7-13;304(5921):67-9 [6866091] Nature. 1984 Feb 16-22;307(5952):658-60 [6694757] Virology. 1984 May;135(1):218-28 [6203214] Cancer Res. 1985 Nov;45(11 Pt 2):5845-50 [2414001] Cancer Res. 1986 Jan;46(1):259-63 [2866031] Nature. 1986 Jul 3-9;322(6074):78-80 [3014349] Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):447-56 [3015415] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):6048-52 [3016738] Carcinogenesis. 1986 Sep;7(9):1599-602 [2427243] Nature. 1986 Oct 30-Nov 5;323(6091):822-4 [2430189] EMBO J. 1986 Nov;5(11):2853-7 [2431900] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9413-7 [3540938] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):523-7 [3104768] Cell. 1983 May;33(1):153-9 [6678608] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA variation of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex reflects genomic diversity and population history. AN - 79602603; 1967831 AB - The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a multigene complex of tightly linked homologous genes that encode cell surface antigens that play a key role in immune regulation and response to foreign antigens. In most species, MHC gene products display extreme antigenic polymorphism, and their variability has been interpreted to reflect an adaptive strategy for accommodating rapidly evolving infectious agents that periodically afflict natural populations. Determination of the extent of MHC variation has been limited to populations in which skin grafting is feasible or for which serological reagents have been developed. We present here a quantitative analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of MHC class I genes in several mammalian species (cats, rodents, humans) known to have very different levels of genetic diversity based on functional MHC assays and on allozyme surveys. When homologous class I probes were employed, a notable concordance was observed between the extent of MHC restriction fragment variation and functional MHC variation detected by skin grafts or genome-wide diversity estimated by allozyme screens. These results confirm the genetically depauperate character of the African cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus, and the Asiatic lion, Panthera leo persica; further, they support the use of class I MHC molecular reagents in estimating the extent and character of genetic diversity in natural populations. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Yuhki, N AU - O'Brien, S J AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 836 EP - 840 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lions KW - Humans KW - Carnivora KW - Organ Specificity KW - Mice KW - Mathematics KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Models, Genetic KW - Cats KW - Mesocricetus KW - Species Specificity KW - Cricetinae KW - Genes, MHC Class I KW - Genetic Variation KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Major Histocompatibility Complex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79602603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=DNA+variation+of+the+mammalian+major+histocompatibility+complex+reflects+genomic+diversity+and+population+history.&rft.au=Yuhki%2C+N%3BO%27Brien%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Yuhki&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1428-34 [2983425] Ann Hum Genet. 1972 Jul;36(1):9-20 [4656772] Immunogenetics. 1985;22(1):55-67 [2991131] Immunogenetics. 1988;27(6):414-25 [2897330] Nature. 1988 Sep 8;335(6186):167-70 [3412472] Nature. 1988 Sep 15;335(6187):265-7 [3137477] Nature. 1988 Sep 15;335(6187):268-71 [3412487] EMBO J. 1988 Sep;7(9):2765-74 [2460344] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):943-7 [2492667] J Immunol. 1989 May 15;142(10):3676-82 [2715636] Immunogenetics. 1985;22(3):257-68 [2995249] Adv Immunol. 1986;38:31-201 [3083654] J Exp Med. 1986 Aug 1;164(2):655-60 [2425037] Science. 1986 Jul 25;233(4762):437-43 [3726537] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(2):508-11 [3467370] Biol Reprod. 1987 Mar;36(2):351-60 [3580457] Nature. 1987 Jul 30-Aug 5;328(6129):432-4 [3302721] Biochem Genet. 1972 Dec;7(3):235-41 [4646762] Nature. 1987 Oct 8-14;329(6139):512-8 [2443855] Lancet. 1975 Jun 28;1(7922):1406-9 [49564] Heredity (Edinb). 1976 Dec;37(3):341-9 [1070483] Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1101-3 [493997] Adv Immunol. 1979;27:51-177 [92183] Biochem Genet. 1980 Oct;18(9-10):915-28 [6261732] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):616-20 [6165999] Transplant Proc. 1983 Jun;15(2):1540-5 [6603691] Nature. 1983 Sep 1-7;305(5929):58-60 [6888549] Nature. 1983 Oct 27-Nov 2;305(5937):771-5 [6355856] Heredity (Edinb). 1984 Feb;52 ( Pt 1):141-4 [6706679] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7616-20 [6584875] Immunogenetics. 1985;21(2):161-71 [2984113] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tumor necrosis factor alpha functions in an autocrine manner in the induction of human immunodeficiency virus expression. AN - 79602251; 2300561 AB - Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an immunoregulatory cytokine capable of inducing viral expression in cells chronically infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), such as the promonocytic line U1 and the T-lymphocytic line ACH-2. In the present study, we demonstrate an autocrine mechanism of TNF-alpha-mediated HIV induction. Stimulation of U1 and ACH-2 cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in the induction of TNF-alpha mRNA and the secretion of TNF-alpha. Of note is the fact that anti-TNF-alpha antibodies significantly suppressed the expression of HIV in PMA-stimulated U1 and ACH-2 cells. Furthermore, anti-TNF-alpha antibodies also suppressed both the constitutive and inducible levels of viral expression in the chronically infected promonocytic clone U33.3. This study illustrates the interrelationship between the regulation of HIV expression and normal immunoregulatory mechanisms in that virus expression, both constitutive and induced, can be modulated by an autocrine pathway involving TNF-alpha, a cytokine involved in the complex network of regulation of the normal human immune response. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Poli, G AU - Kinter, A AU - Justement, J S AU - Kehrl, J H AU - Bressler, P AU - Stanley, S AU - Fauci, A S AD - Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 782 EP - 785 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Recombinant Proteins -- immunology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Virus Replication -- drug effects KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- immunology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- physiology KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- genetics KW - HIV-1 -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79602251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+functions+in+an+autocrine+manner+in+the+induction+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+expression.&rft.au=Poli%2C+G%3BKinter%2C+A%3BJustement%2C+J+S%3BKehrl%2C+J+H%3BBressler%2C+P%3BStanley%2C+S%3BFauci%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Poli&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294-9 [518835] Science. 1987 Nov 20;238(4830):1144-6 [3500512] Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):610-6 [3340847] Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):617-22 [3277274] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1117-22 [2449497] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6087-91 [3137565] Am J Med. 1988 Sep;85(3):289-91 [3414726] J Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;107(4):1269-77 [3049617] J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):431-8 [2463307] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1988;1(5):436-40 [3146635] Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 Mar;50(3):374-84 [2492910] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2336-40 [2494664] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8 [2784570] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2369-73 [2522658] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):131-8 [2713164] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):139-46 [2785393] Nature. 1989 May 4;339(6219):70-3 [2654643] Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):575-7 [2470148] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):1041-8 [2498643] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5974-8 [2762307] Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Sep 11;13(17):6361-73 [2995927] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Apr 14;136(1):94-101 [3486658] Cell. 1986 Jun 6;45(5):659-66 [2871942] Nature. 1986 Sep 4-10;323(6083):86-9 [3092113] J Immunol Methods. 1986 Dec 4;95(1):99-105 [3782828] J Immunol. 1987 Mar 1;138(5):1469-74 [3805724] Nature. 1987 Apr 16-22;326(6114):711-3 [3031512] J Exp Med. 1987 Sep 1;166(3):786-91 [3040886] Lancet. 1987 Sep 12;2(8559):589-93 [2887886] Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):800-2 [3313729] J Virol. 1988 Jan;62(1):139-47 [3257102] Immunol Today. 1989 Aug;10(8):272-8 [2679647] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introducing the concept "community prevention". AN - 79601410; 2300133 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Amsel, Z AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - vii EP - xiv VL - 93 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Health Education KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- etiology KW - Community Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79601410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Introducing+the+concept+%22community+prevention%22.&rft.au=Amsel%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Amsel&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community prevention efforts to reduce the spread of AIDS associated with intravenous drug abuse. AN - 79601336; 2300146 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Battjes, R J AU - Leukefeld, C G AU - Amsel, Z AD - Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 288 EP - 299 VL - 93 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - Health Education KW - Community Health Services KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- etiology KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79601336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Community+prevention+efforts+to+reduce+the+spread+of+AIDS+associated+with+intravenous+drug+abuse.&rft.au=Battjes%2C+R+J%3BLeukefeld%2C+C+G%3BAmsel%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Battjes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential growth factor expression in transformed mouse NIH-3T3 cells. AN - 79600311; 1967612 AB - The expression of growth factor-specific mRNA transcripts and the presence of biologically active growth factors in the conditioned medium and in the cell extracts from mouse NIH-3T3 cells transformed by different oncogenes (Ki-ras, mos, src, fms, fes, met, and trk), by a DNA tumor virus (SV40), or by a chemical carcinogen (N-nitrosomethylurea) were studied. In contrast to NIH-3T3 cells or simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed 3T3 cells, all the other transformed NIH-3T3 cell lines expressed a 4.5 kb transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha)-specific mRNA transcript and secreted immunoreactive and biologically active TGF alpha ranging from 100 to 225 ng/10(8) cells/48 h. In addition, in the transformed cell lines that were secreting elevated levels of biologically active TGF alpha, there was a 75-95% reduction in the total number of epidermal growth factor receptors on these cells. A 2.6 kb TGF beta mRNA transcript and TGF beta protein in the conditioned medium (30-140 ng/10(8) cells/48 h) was also detected in those lines expressing TGF alpha. Basic fibroblast growth factor-like activity (11-50 ng/10(8) cells) was detected in the cell lysates from NIH-3T3 cells transformed with N-nitrosomethylurea or with trk, where expression of specific 6.9 and 3.9 kb mRNA transcripts for basic fibroblast growth factor could also be found. B chain (c-sis) expression of platelet-derived growth factor was present only in trk-transformed NIH-3T3 cells in which specific c-sis 6.5 and 4.6 kb transcripts were identified. In contrast, platelet-derived growth factor A chain expression of 2.9 and 2.3 kb transcripts was found in ras-, met-, mos-, and fms-transformed NIH-3T3 cells. These results suggest that the expression of different sets of growth factors is controlled in part by structurally distinct groups of transforming genes. JF - Journal of cellular biochemistry AU - Ciardiello, F AU - Valverius, E M AU - Colucci-D'Amato, G L AU - Kim, N AU - Bassin, R H AU - Salomon, D S AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 45 EP - 57 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0730-2312, 0730-2312 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Poly A KW - 24937-83-5 KW - Fibroblast Growth Factors KW - 62031-54-3 KW - Methylnitrosourea KW - 684-93-5 KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Cell Transformation, Viral -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- biosynthesis KW - Simian virus 40 -- physiology KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- biosynthesis KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Poly A -- analysis KW - Fibroblast Growth Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- metabolism KW - Growth Substances -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Oncogenes -- physiology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79600311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Differential+growth+factor+expression+in+transformed+mouse+NIH-3T3+cells.&rft.au=Ciardiello%2C+F%3BValverius%2C+E+M%3BColucci-D%27Amato%2C+G+L%3BKim%2C+N%3BBassin%2C+R+H%3BSalomon%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Ciardiello&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=07302312&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preferential metabolic activation of subcortical brain areas by acute administration of nicotine to rats. AN - 79599212; 2298836 AB - Cerebral metabolic and behavioral effects of acutely administered nicotine were measured in rats in relation to dose. Nicotine 0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to 3-month-old male Fischer-344 rats that had been pretreated with hexamethonium bromide 5 mg/kg i.p. to reduce peripheral autonomic effects. Regional CMRglc (rCMRglc) values were measured, using the quantitative autoradiographic [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose method, in 71 brain regions, beginning 3 min after nicotine or vehicle administration. Intensity of body tremor, scored by a blinded rater, was dose related and peaked at 3 min after nicotine injection. rCMRglc rose in a dose-related manner: Nicotine 0.1 mg/kg had no significant effect in any region, whereas 1 mg/kg elevated rCMRglc significantly in 21 regions (mean rise 20%) and 10 mg/kg produced generalized (56 regions) and greater (mean rise 50%) increases in rCMRglc. Nicotine 1 mg/kg activated thalamic nuclei, cerebellum, geniculate nuclei, superior colliculus, median raphe, reticular formation, and the habenulointerpeduncular pathway, but was without effect in the telencephalon. Effects of nicotine in the hindbrain were related anatomically to reported distributions of [3H]nicotine and [3H]acetylcholine but not [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites, implying that the former ligands label functional nicotine receptors. The pattern of change in rCMRglc after nicotine administration suggests that its cognitive effects in humans are due to augmented arousal/attention and visual processing rather than to direct neocortical or hippocampal activation. JF - Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism AU - McNamara, D AU - Larson, D M AU - Rapoport, S I AU - Soncrant, T T AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 48 EP - 56 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0271-678X, 0271-678X KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Blood Glucose -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Tremor -- chemically induced KW - Nicotine -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79599212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cerebral+blood+flow+and+metabolism+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Cerebral+Blood+Flow+and+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Preferential+metabolic+activation+of+subcortical+brain+areas+by+acute+administration+of+nicotine+to+rats.&rft.au=McNamara%2C+D%3BLarson%2C+D+M%3BRapoport%2C+S+I%3BSoncrant%2C+T+T&rft.aulast=McNamara&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cerebral+blood+flow+and+metabolism+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Cerebral+Blood+Flow+and+Metabolism&rft.issn=0271678X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the type II beta regulatory subunit mRNA of protein kinase inhibits cAMP-induced differentiation in HL-60 leukemia cells without affecting phorbol ester effects. AN - 79599165; 1689049 AB - The type II beta regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (RII beta) has been hypothesized to play an important role in the growth inhibition and differentiation induced by site-selective cAMP analogs in human cancer cells, but direct proof of this function has been lacking. To address this issue, HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells were exposed to RII beta antisense synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide, and the effects on cAMP-induced growth regulation were examined. Exposure of these cells to RII beta antisense oligodeoxynucleotide resulted in a decrease in cAMP analog-induced growth inhibition and differentiation without apparent effect on differentiation induced by phorbol esters. This loss in cAMP growth regulatory function correlated with a decrease in basal and induced levels of RII beta protein. Exposure to RII beta sense, RI alpha and RII alpha antisense, or irrelevant oligodeoxynucleotides had no such effect. These results show that the RII beta regulatory subunit of protein kinase plays a critical role in the cAMP-induced growth regulation of HL-60 leukemia cells. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Tortora, G AU - Clair, T AU - Cho-Chung, Y S AD - Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 705 EP - 708 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides KW - 0 KW - RNA, Antisense KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Cyclic AMP KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - RNA, Messenger -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Cyclic AMP -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinases -- genetics KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- pharmacology KW - Cyclic AMP -- analogs & derivatives KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- enzymology KW - RNA -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79599165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=An+antisense+oligodeoxynucleotide+targeted+against+the+type+II+beta+regulatory+subunit+mRNA+of+protein+kinase+inhibits+cAMP-induced+differentiation+in+HL-60+leukemia+cells+without+affecting+phorbol+ester+effects.&rft.au=Tortora%2C+G%3BClair%2C+T%3BCho-Chung%2C+Y+S&rft.aulast=Tortora&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Endocrinol. 1988 Dec;2(12):1364-73 [2851102] Biochemistry. 1975 Aug 26;14(17):3858-62 [169888] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 5;263(1):409-16 [2826444] Blood. 1988 Jan;71(1):230-3 [2825845] FEBS Lett. 1987 Oct 19;223(1):97-103 [2822483] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Aug;5(8):1984-92 [3018542] J Biol Chem. 1986 Dec 15;261(35):16288-91 [3023347] J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 25;261(33):15360-3 [3023318] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(15):5192-6 [3037538] J Biol Chem. 1985 Mar 25;260(6):3393-401 [2982859] Eur J Biochem. 1985 Jul 1;150(1):219-27 [2990925] Anal Biochem. 1988 Aug 1;172(2):289-95 [3056098] J Biol Chem. 1986 Sep 15;261(26):12352-61 [2427518] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2849-52 [2539602] FEBS Lett. 1989 Mar 27;246(1-2):57-64 [2540040] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989 Jul 5;81(13):982-7 [2659804] Science. 1988 Jun 10;240(4858):1544-6 [2897717] Semin Hematol. 1988 Jan;25(1):1-19 [3279512] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):963-73 [3280975] Nature. 1987 Jul 9-15;328(6126):175-8 [2885756] Cancer Res. 1988 May 15;48(10):2659-68 [3282648] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(11):3703-7 [3375237] FEBS Lett. 1988 Mar 14;229(2):391-4 [3345850] Nature. 1987 Jul 30-Aug 5;328(6129):445-9 [3302722] Cancer Res. 1987 Apr 15;47(8):1981-6 [3548949] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(5):1300-4 [3456589] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Dec 31;149(3):939-45 [3426618] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jun;80(12):3608-12 [6190178] J Biol Chem. 1983 Jan 25;258(2):1032-40 [6296066] J Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1980;6(3):163-77 [6255017] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 [388439] Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1975;6:245-338 [171929] Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44:491-522 [166606] Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1975 May;50(2):129-65 [240451] J Biol Chem. 1975 Jan 10;250(1):218-25 [166986] J Biol Chem. 1975 Oct 10;250(19):7795-801 [170270] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(17):6319-22 [3413098] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors influence neuronal survival in developing spinal cord cultures. AN - 79593832; 1967564 AB - Neuronal cell death, which exhibits precise spatial and temporal regulation, serves to remodel and optimize function in the developing nervous system. The mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death are poorly understood, but electrical activity and trophic substances appear to be among the important determinants of survival. We find that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists induce neuronal cell death in developing spinal cord cultures. The magnitude of cell death is similar in amount to that produced by blocking action potentials with tetrodotoxin (TTX). The NMDA antagonists and TTX accelerate neuronal death in 2-week-old cultures but not in those that are 1 month old. Low concentrations of NMDA increased neuronal survival under conditions of electrical blockade with TTX. In addition, treatment with low levels of a calcium ionophore also decreased cell death associated with TTX. These results suggest that the NMDA receptor is an important determinant of neuronal survival and that this influence is stage-dependent and likely to be calcium-mediated. JF - Brain research. Developmental brain research AU - Brenneman, D E AU - Forsythe, I D AU - Nicol, T AU - Nelson, P G AD - Unit on Neurochemistry, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 01 SP - 63 EP - 68 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-3806, 0165-3806 KW - Dibenzocycloheptenes KW - 0 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate KW - 76726-92-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cell Count KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Action Potentials -- drug effects KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- physiology KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- cytology KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate -- pharmacology KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- physiology KW - Receptors, Neurotransmitter -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Dibenzocycloheptenes -- pharmacology KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79593832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research.+Developmental+brain+research&rft.atitle=N-methyl-D-aspartate+receptors+influence+neuronal+survival+in+developing+spinal+cord+cultures.&rft.au=Brenneman%2C+D+E%3BForsythe%2C+I+D%3BNicol%2C+T%3BNelson%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Brenneman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research.+Developmental+brain+research&rft.issn=01653806&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-03-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TRH attenuates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in humans. AN - 79590879; 2104988 AB - The brain tripeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has been demonstrated to facilitate cholinergic neurotransmission. To test its interaction with the cholinergic system in humans, high-dose TRH (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo was administered intravenously (IV) to normal controls pretreated with scopolamine (0.5-0.75 mg IV), a centrally active muscarinic antagonist, which has been used to model aspects of the memory impairment of normal aging and of dementia. Compared to placebo, TRH markedly attenuated scopolamine-induced impairment of some measures of memory, most notably on a selective reminding task. This cognitive study is the first in humans to suggest a neuromodulatory effect of a peptide on the cholinergic system, and suggests a facilitatory role for TRH in human memory processes. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Molchan, S E AU - Mellow, A M AU - Lawlor, B A AU - Weingartner, H J AU - Cohen, R M AU - Cohen, M R AU - Sunderland, T AD - Unit on Geriatric Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 84 EP - 89 VL - 100 IS - 1 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide KW - 451IFR0GXB KW - Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone KW - 5Y5F15120W KW - Index Medicus KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Memory Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide -- pharmacology KW - Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone -- administration & dosage KW - Memory Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79590879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=TRH+attenuates+scopolamine-induced+memory+impairment+in+humans.&rft.au=Molchan%2C+S+E%3BMellow%2C+A+M%3BLawlor%2C+B+A%3BWeingartner%2C+H+J%3BCohen%2C+R+M%3BCohen%2C+M+R%3BSunderland%2C+T&rft.aulast=Molchan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-13 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maitotoxin-induced myocardial cell injury: calcium accumulation followed by ATP depletion precedes cell death. AN - 79588776; 2296767 AB - Maitotoxin, the most potent marine toxin, is known to increase the uptake and the accumulation of Ca2+ into cells, and was used in the present study to investigate the mechanisms of myocardial cell damage induced by Ca2+ overload. In cultured cardiomyocytes, isolated from 2-day-old rats, maitotoxin affected cell viability, as indicated by the leakage of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and of radiolabeled adenine nucleotides into the extracellular medium. Maitotoxin-induced leakage of LDH steadily increased between 30 min and 24 hr, and was preceded by a marked depletion of intracellular ATP. Addition of maitotoxin resulted in a rapid influx of extracellular Ca2+, as detected by preincubating the cells in the presence of 45Ca; this effect evolved in a few minutes, thus preceding the signs of cell death. Cytosolic levels of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) were monitored by loading freshly isolated, suspended cardiomyocytes with the intracellular fluorescent probe fura-2; in these cells, maitotoxin induced a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i, with a lag phase of less than a minute. All these effects of maitotoxin were inhibited by reducing Ca2+ concentration in the culture medium or by incubating the cells with the calcium-channel blocking drug verapamil. It is thus demonstrated that maitotoxin-induced cardiotoxicity is secondary to an inordinate influx of Ca2+ into the cells. It is also suggested that, in those conditions that lead to an inordinate accumulation of Ca2+ into myocardial cells, the unmatched demands of energy and the depletion of ATP play a primary role in the irreversible stage of cell damage. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Santostasi, G AU - Kutty, R K AU - Bartorelli, A L AU - Yasumoto, T AU - Krishna, G AD - Section on Drug Tissue Interaction, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 164 EP - 173 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Marine Toxins KW - Oxocins KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - maitotoxin KW - 9P59GES78D KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cytosol -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Cell Survival -- physiology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Myocardium -- metabolism KW - Marine Toxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79588776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Maitotoxin-induced+myocardial+cell+injury%3A+calcium+accumulation+followed+by+ATP+depletion+precedes+cell+death.&rft.au=Santostasi%2C+G%3BKutty%2C+R+K%3BBartorelli%2C+A+L%3BYasumoto%2C+T%3BKrishna%2C+G&rft.aulast=Santostasi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct evidence for an intracellular role for tumor necrosis factor-alpha 1. Microinjection of tumor necrosis factor kills target cells. AN - 79541603; 2153163 AB - TNF-alpha is a small peptide cytokine produced primarily by activated macrophages. One of the many biologic activities of TNF is the killing of diverse types of tumor cells. We considered the possibility that killing was mediated by TNF itself at an intracellular site, subsequent to receptor-mediated endocytosis. To test this hypothesis, we microinjected TNF into various murine normal cells and cell lines, some of which were killed by TNF given by the usual extracellular route, and others that were not. Cytotoxic effects of microinjected TNF were observed in several cell types 2 to 4 h after injection. L929 fibroblasts were killed by either extracellular or intracellular TNF. A TNF-resistant subline of L929 was insensitive to either extracellular or intracellular TNF. L6 fibroblasts were found to be resistant to high doses of TNF given either extracellularly or microinjected. Normal macrophages and the J774 macrophage-like cell line were not killed by extracellular TNF, but were rapidly killed by microinjected TNF. Thus, TNF, an extracellular peptide ligand, has an intracellular activity, suggesting that internalization of this ligand may have important intracellular biochemical roles. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Smith, M R AU - Munger, W E AU - Kung, H F AU - Takacs, L AU - Durum, S K AD - Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21701. Y1 - 1990/01/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 01 SP - 162 EP - 169 VL - 144 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice KW - Microinjections KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology KW - Cell Line KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79541603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Direct+evidence+for+an+intracellular+role+for+tumor+necrosis+factor-alpha+1.+Microinjection+of+tumor+necrosis+factor+kills+target+cells.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+R%3BMunger%2C+W+E%3BKung%2C+H+F%3BTakacs%2C+L%3BDurum%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of calcium and other metals across the blood-brain barrier: mechanisms and implications for neurodegenerative disorders. AN - 79539953; 2403714 JF - Advances in neurology AU - Smith, Q R AD - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 217 EP - 222 VL - 51 SN - 0091-3952, 0091-3952 KW - Metals KW - 0 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Blood-Brain Barrier -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Metals -- pharmacokinetics KW - Brain Diseases -- metabolism KW - Metals -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79539953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+neurology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+calcium+and+other+metals+across+the+blood-brain+barrier%3A+mechanisms+and+implications+for+neurodegenerative+disorders.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Q+R&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+neurology&rft.issn=00913952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of protein kinase C on the steroidogenic effect of angiotensin II in the rat adrenal glomerulosa cell. AN - 79538170; 2293979 AB - The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the steroidogenic action of angiotensin II (AII) was investigated by depletion of endogenous PKC using prolonged incubation with phorbol ester and direct measurement of PKC in isolated rat adrenal glomerulosa cells. PKC activity was measured by incorporation of 32P from [gamma 32P]ATP into histone in the presence of cytosolic and detergent-solubilized membrane fractions purified by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography. Basal PKC activity was higher in cytosol than in membranes (1,000 +/- 57 and 413 +/- 14 pmol P incorporated/mg.min, respectively). After incubation of the cells with AII for 5, 15, 30, and 60 min, PKC activity in the cytosol decreased by 5, 18, 25, and 27%, respectively, while in the membrane there was a transient increase of 15% at 15 min returning to basal by 60 min. Incubation of the cells with 100 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) resulted in transient translocation of PKC activity to the membrane (15 min) which was followed by a 64% decrease in total cellular enzyme activity after 3 h. In PKC-depleted cells, the aldosterone response to ACTH was increased by 25% but AII-stimulated steroidogenesis was unchanged. In contrast, in cells in which PKC was translocated to the membrane by a 15 min preincubation with TPA, aldosterone response to AII was enhanced by 40%, while the response to ACTH was reduced by 30%; under these conditions membrane PKC levels rapidly returned to basal. However, the changes in aldosterone response were still evident when addition of AII or ACTH was delayed for up to 30 min after removal of TPA, indicating a persistent modification in the cell membrane secondary to PKC activation. Aldosterone responses to potassium were not altered by preincubation of the cells with TPA. The inactive phorbol ester analog, 4 alpha-hydroxyphorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, had no effect on the steroid responses to either stimulus. The small but significant translocation of PKC activity from cytosol to membrane after treatment of rat adrenal glomerulosa cells with AII suggests that AII activates PKC. However, the fact that aldosterone responses to AII are potentiated during TPA-induced PKC translocation to the membrane suggests that AII and phorbol esters do not share the same mechanism of action in the regulation of steroidogenesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Endocrinology AU - Nakano, S AU - Carvallo, P AU - Rocco, S AU - Aguilera, G AD - Section on Endocrine Physiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 125 EP - 133 VL - 126 IS - 1 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - Angiotensin II KW - 11128-99-7 KW - Aldosterone KW - 4964P6T9RB KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- enzymology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Zona Glomerulosa -- metabolism KW - Zona Glomerulosa -- cytology KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Aldosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Zona Glomerulosa -- physiology KW - Angiotensin II -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79538170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Role+of+protein+kinase+C+on+the+steroidogenic+effect+of+angiotensin+II+in+the+rat+adrenal+glomerulosa+cell.&rft.au=Nakano%2C+S%3BCarvallo%2C+P%3BRocco%2C+S%3BAguilera%2C+G&rft.aulast=Nakano&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of preoperative chemotherapy on mastectomy for locally advanced breast cancer. AN - 79536584; 2153011 AB - Mastectomy is frequently performed after intensive chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer. The effects of preoperative chemotherapy on the postoperative course and the timing of subsequent adjuvant therapy, however, have not been defined. We therefore reviewed the perioperative course of 54 patients undergoing mastectomy after combination (CAMFPT) chemotherapy for stage IIIA,B (IIIA - 25 pts; IIIB noninflammatory - 5 pts; IIIB inflammatory-24 patients) breast cancer. A median of 7 cycles (6 months) of chemotherapy was administered preoperatively. Mastectomy was performed a median of 20 days after last chemotherapy; white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet counts returned to normal limits preoperatively. Total mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection was performed in 53 patients, and a Halsted radical mastectomy in 1 patient. Negative margins on breast and/or axillary tissue were achieved in 47 patients (87.0%). Postoperative complications included skin flap necrosis in 8 patients (14.8%), seroma formation in 5 patients (9.3%), and wound infection in 1 patient (1.9%). Median operative blood loss (550 cc), hospital stay (8 days), and duration of wound catheter drainage (6 days) were comparable to published reports for modified radical mastectomy without preoperative chemotherapy. Systemic chemotherapy was resumed a median of 16 days after mastectomy, and radiotherapy started a median of 33 days after mastectomy. These findings indicate that intensive preoperative chemotherapy does not increase the hospital course or the postoperative complications of mastectomy for locally advanced breast cancer. In view of the current interest in treatment of stage I and II breast cancer with preoperative chemotherapy, this information may be useful in their management as well. JF - The American surgeon AU - Danforth, D N AU - Lippman, M E AU - McDonald, H AU - Bader, J AU - Egan, E AU - Lampert, M AU - Steinberg, S M AU - Swain, S M AD - Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 6 EP - 11 VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0003-1348, 0003-1348 KW - Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) KW - 0 KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Methotrexate KW - YL5FZ2Y5U1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Lymphatic Metastasis KW - Humans KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Doxorubicin -- administration & dosage KW - Surgical Flaps KW - Tamoxifen -- administration & dosage KW - Fluorouracil -- administration & dosage KW - Necrosis KW - Postoperative Complications KW - Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) -- administration & dosage KW - Hospitalization KW - Middle Aged KW - Lymph Node Excision KW - Time Factors KW - Methotrexate -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Mastectomy -- methods KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- surgery KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Breast Neoplasms -- radiotherapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79536584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+surgeon&rft.atitle=Effect+of+preoperative+chemotherapy+on+mastectomy+for+locally+advanced+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Danforth%2C+D+N%3BLippman%2C+M+E%3BMcDonald%2C+H%3BBader%2C+J%3BEgan%2C+E%3BLampert%2C+M%3BSteinberg%2C+S+M%3BSwain%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Danforth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+surgeon&rft.issn=00031348&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neuropsychiatric manifestations of altered thyroid state. AN - 79534540; 2293795 AB - The authors assessed the mood and cognitive effects of sequential T4, T3, and withdrawal of thyroid hormone replacement on 25 patients who had had thyroidectomies for thyroid cancer. The patients experienced increased sadness and anxiety when they were without medication, but not significant difference in mood was noted between T4 and T3. The patients who experienced increased affective symptoms when not taking medication were more likely to have histories of affective illness or mood lability. JF - The American journal of psychiatry AU - Denicoff, K D AU - Joffe, R T AU - Lakshmanan, M C AU - Robbins, J AU - Rubinow, D R AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 94 EP - 99 VL - 147 IS - 1 SN - 0002-953X, 0002-953X KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Mental Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- etiology KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Thyroidectomy KW - Attitude to Health KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Mental Disorders -- complications KW - Male KW - Female KW - Psychological Tests KW - Thyroxine -- physiology KW - Thyroxine -- pharmacology KW - Triiodothyronine -- adverse effects KW - Affect -- drug effects KW - Triiodothyronine -- pharmacology KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Depressive Disorder -- chemically induced KW - Triiodothyronine -- physiology KW - Depressive Disorder -- physiopathology KW - Thyroxine -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79534540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Neuropsychiatric+manifestations+of+altered+thyroid+state.&rft.au=Denicoff%2C+K+D%3BJoffe%2C+R+T%3BLakshmanan%2C+M+C%3BRobbins%2C+J%3BRubinow%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Denicoff&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+psychiatry&rft.issn=0002953X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding nicotine addiction and physical withdrawal process. AN - 79533494; 2404035 JF - Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) AU - Henningfield, J E AD - Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 2S EP - 6S VL - Suppl SN - 0002-8177, 0002-8177 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- physiopathology KW - Smoking -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79533494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Dental+Association+%281939%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+nicotine+addiction+and+physical+withdrawal+process.&rft.au=Henningfield%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Henningfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Dental+Association+%281939%29&rft.issn=00028177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase II trial of intermittent high-dose recombinant interferon alfa-2a in mycosis fungoides and the Sézary syndrome. AN - 79532964; 2295906 AB - We previously demonstrated that recombinant interferon alfa-2a (IFN-alfa) in a dose of 50 X 10(6) U million units (MU)/m2 intramuscularly (IM) three times per week has efficacy against mycosis fungoides (MF) and the Sézary syndrome (SS). However, this regimen given to patients with refractory disease was uniformly complicated by toxicities requiring major dose reductions. The present study was designed to determine if intermittent high-dose IFN-alfa would preserve efficacy and decrease toxicity in a similar patient population. Twenty-four patients with advanced disease refractory to one or more standard therapies received IFN-alfa, 10 MU/m2 IM on day 1 followed by 50 MU/m2 IM on days 2 to 5 every 3 weeks; after the first four cycles, stable and partially responding patients underwent dose escalation to twice the starting dose. One complete (CR) and six partial responses (PRs) were observed (response rate, 29%; 95% confidence interval, 13% to 51%) lasting 4 to 19 months (median, 8 months). No improvement in objective response was seen in the eight patients who received dose escalation. Dose reductions were necessary in eight of 22 patients receiving one or more cycles of therapy. Weighted mean dose rate intensity for patients on this study over the first four cycles of treatment was 65.5 MU/m2/wk compared with 73.2 MU/m2/wk over the first 12 weeks of treatment in patients from the previous study, in which all 19 patients receiving more than 1 week of treatment required dose reduction. IFN-alfa is effective against previously treated MF and the SS and is better tolerated on this intermittent schedule. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Kohn, E C AU - Steis, R G AU - Sausville, E A AU - Veach, S R AU - Stocker, J L AU - Phelps, R AU - Franco, S AU - Longo, D L AU - Bunn, P A AU - Ihde, D C AD - National Cancer Institute-Navy Medical Oncology Branch, Naval Hospital, Bethesda, MD 20814. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 155 EP - 160 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Interferon Type I KW - 0 KW - Interferon-alpha KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - interferon alfa-2a KW - 47RRR83SK7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Remission Induction KW - Skin Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Sezary Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Interferon-alpha -- adverse effects KW - Interferon Type I -- administration & dosage KW - Interferon-alpha -- administration & dosage KW - Sezary Syndrome -- mortality KW - Mycosis Fungoides -- mortality KW - Mycosis Fungoides -- drug therapy KW - Skin Neoplasms -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79532964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Phase+II+trial+of+intermittent+high-dose+recombinant+interferon+alfa-2a+in+mycosis+fungoides+and+the+S%C3%A9zary+syndrome.&rft.au=Kohn%2C+E+C%3BSteis%2C+R+G%3BSausville%2C+E+A%3BVeach%2C+S+R%3BStocker%2C+J+L%3BPhelps%2C+R%3BFranco%2C+S%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BBunn%2C+P+A%3BIhde%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Kohn&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunomodulatory properties and toxicity of interleukin 2 in patients with cancer. AN - 79531029; 2293554 AB - We performed a phase Ia/Ib study of interleukin 2 (IL2) in patients with cancer. Single doses of IL2 from 10(3) units/m2 to 10(7) units/m2 were well tolerated but failed to induce significant immunological changes. Chronic IL2 treatment for 5 days out of 7 for 3 weeks was well tolerated at doses below 10(7) units/m2 and was accompanied by significant immunological changes. Following chronic treatment with intramuscular injections of IL2 at 1 x 10(6) units/m2, we observed augmentation of peripheral blood natural killer activity and induction of peripheral blood LAK activity. Induction of LAK activity was most evident when IL2 was included in the cytotoxicity assay. There was a marked increase in the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells bearing the Leu-19 marker in association with the observed increases in natural killer and LAK activity. A small percentage of Leu-19+ cells coexpressed CD3. There was heterogeneous expression of the low affinity Fc receptor (CD16). In vivo induced Leu-19+ cells could be divided into two populations, dim and bright, based on the intensity of fluorescent staining with antibodies to Leu-19. The majority of Leu-19 bright cells were CD16- while the majority of Leu-19 dim cells were CD16+. In addition, the intensity of CD16 staining was higher for Leu-19 dim cells than for Leu-19 bright cells. Increases in the amounts of CD38 and CD8 antigens were also observed. Significant increases in serum levels of the soluble IL2 receptor were observed during treatment. One partial remission was noted in a woman with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. JF - Cancer research AU - Urba, W J AU - Steis, R G AU - Longo, D L AU - Kopp, W C AU - Maluish, A E AU - Marcon, L AU - Nelson, D L AU - Stevenson, H C AU - Clark, J W AD - Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701. Y1 - 1990/01/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 01 SP - 185 EP - 192 VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Humans KW - Injections, Intramuscular KW - Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated -- immunology KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Cytotoxicity, Immunologic KW - Drug Evaluation KW - Recombinant Proteins -- adverse effects KW - Monocytes -- pathology KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Middle Aged KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Recombinant Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Male KW - Cell Line KW - Female KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Interleukin-2 -- adverse effects KW - Interleukin-2 -- administration & dosage KW - Interleukin-2 -- therapeutic use KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79531029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Immunomodulatory+properties+and+toxicity+of+interleukin+2+in+patients+with+cancer.&rft.au=Urba%2C+W+J%3BSteis%2C+R+G%3BLongo%2C+D+L%3BKopp%2C+W+C%3BMaluish%2C+A+E%3BMarcon%2C+L%3BNelson%2C+D+L%3BStevenson%2C+H+C%3BClark%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Urba&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neoplastic development in B-lymphocytes. AN - 79530810; 2403854 AB - The differentiation of B-cells, unlike other hematopoietic cells that develop in a single burst, occurs in interrupted steps. As a consequence there are different types of B-cells that are distinguished by their level of development. Accordingly there are a variety of different kinds of B-cell tumors. The most common proto-oncogene that is mutated in B-cell tumors is c-myc. In mammalian systems c-myc is mutated by chromosomal rearrangements with immunoglobulin-gene-bearing chromosomes. The c-myc gene may be directly rearranged in some translocations but in a number of others the breaksites are only near the c-myc locus. The mechanism of dysregulation of myc transcription in the latter is currently being investigated. Probably the most striking finding is the number of different B-cell tumor-forming systems in different species in which one or more of the characteristic 'myc' chromosomal translocations occur. In humans these occur in eBL, sBL and AIDS-associated lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas. Dysregulation of c-myc is a major phenotype in many (but not all) B-cell tumors and further does not appear to be sufficient to establish an autonomously growing B-cell. Surprisingly the nature of the additional changes has not been determined in B-cell tumor systems. It is known though that when certain other oncogenes are passively introduced into cells with dysregulated c-myc genes autonomously growing phenotypes do emerge. The oncogenes known to cooperate with a dysregulated myc (e.g. Ha-ras, raf-1 and v-abl) are thought to code for proteins that participate in growth-factor-induced signal transductions. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Potter, M AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - B-Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Lymphoma -- genetics KW - Lymphoma -- immunology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79530810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Neoplastic+development+in+B-lymphocytes.&rft.au=Potter%2C+M&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regions of the Moloney murine leukemia virus genome specifically related to induction of promonocytic tumors. AN - 79530672; 2403439 AB - Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) can be a potent inducer of promonocytic leukemias in mice that are undergoing a chronic inflammatory response. The neoplasms are, at least in part, associated with insertional mutagenesis of the c-myb locus. Evidence is presented for the existence of at least two genetic elements of the virus that are crucial to induction of this disease but are not required for viral replication in hematopoietic tissues or induction of lymphoid disease. These genetic elements were detected by testing the pathogenicity of recombinants between Moloney and Friend MuLVs, the latter of which is nonleukemic to myeloid cells under these conditions, and by testing Moloney MuLV-based viruses that have nonretroviral sequences inserted at specific endonuclease sites in their long terminal repeats (LTRs). Analysis of the Moloney/Friend recombinants showed that there are sequences within the structural gene domain of Moloney, but not Friend, MuLV that are necessary for promonocytic leukemia, whereas the LTRs of the MuLVs are equally effective for promonocytic tumor formation and insertional mutagenesis of the c-myb gene. Experiments with viruses which were mutagenized in the LTR by insertions demonstrated that there is a specific genetic element in the U3 region of the LTR of Moloney MuLV, upstream of the 75-base-pair enhancer which, when interrupted, results in loss of leukemogenicity for cells in the monocytic lineage but not cells in the lymphoid lineage. We conclude, therefore, that promonocytic leukemia induction, in Moloney MuLV-infected mice undergoing a chronic inflammatory response, requires specific sequences in the structural gene region of Moloney MuLV as well as other sequences in the regulatory region of the virus. JF - Journal of virology AU - Wolff, L AU - Koller, R AD - Laboratory of Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 155 EP - 160 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Mice KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Proto-Oncogenes KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Moloney murine leukemia virus -- pathogenicity KW - Moloney murine leukemia virus -- genetics KW - Genes, Viral KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79530672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Regions+of+the+Moloney+murine+leukemia+virus+genome+specifically+related+to+induction+of+promonocytic+tumors.&rft.au=Wolff%2C+L%3BKoller%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virology. 1970 Dec;42(4):1136-9 [4099080] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1989;149:79-87 [2659284] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3932-6 [6449003] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(14):4408-11 [6308622] J Virol. 1984 Oct;52(1):248-54 [6090701] Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1077-80 [6093260] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(4):1141-5 [3883352] Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jul 11;14(13):5309-20 [3016644] J Virol. 1986 Oct;60(1):204-14 [3747027] J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):423-30 [3490580] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1986;132:33-9 [3024920] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Mar;7(3):1101-10 [3561410] J Virol. 1987 Sep;61(9):2754-63 [2441077] J Virol. 1987 Dec;61(12):3721-5 [2824810] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8662-6 [2825203] J Immunol. 1988 Jul 15;141(2):681-9 [2838552] J Virol. 1989 Jan;63(1):328-37 [2783259] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;9(2):739-46 [2540425] J Virol. 1980 Jan;33(1):475-86 [6245244] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of protein kinase C down-regulation on secretory events and proopiomelanocortin gene expression in anterior pituitary tumor (AtT-20) cells. AN - 79530296; 2293616 AB - To elucidate the role of the diacylglycerol-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway in beta-endorphin synthesis and secretion in anterior pituitary corticotrope tumor cells (AtT-20), a procedure for down-regulating PKC activity in the cells was developed. Treatment of AtT-20 cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) led to an increase in [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding to PKC in the membrane fraction of these cells 30 s after its addition to the culture medium. Thereafter, a decrease in both [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding and PKC-specific phosphotransferase activity occurred in a time- and dose-dependent manner in both the cytosolic and membrane fractions. For example, treatment of the cells with 100 nM TPA for 24 h resulted in an almost complete depletion of PKC activity. Immunoreactive beta-endorphin secretion was found to be stimulated two- to fourfold in the control cells after incubation with corticotropin-releasing factor (10(-7) M), forskolin (10(-6) M), or TPA (10(-7) M) for 4 h. In cells rendered PKC deficient, TPA-stimulated immunoreactive beta-endorphin release was abolished, forskolin-stimulated release was unaffected, and corticotropin-releasing factor-stimulated release was depressed. Treatment of control cells with any one of the three stimulatory agents led to an increase in proopiomelanocortin mRNA levels, and these responses were also depressed after TPA pretreatment. The results suggest that physiological processes thought to be entirely cyclic AMP dependent, such as corticotropin-releasing factor-elicited secretion, may be partially dependent on PKC-mediated biochemical events. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Vyas, S AU - Bishop, J F AU - Gehlert, D R AU - Patel, J AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 248 EP - 255 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins KW - 0 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Receptors, Drug KW - phorbol ester binding protein KW - phorbol ester receptor KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Pro-Opiomelanocortin KW - 66796-54-1 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- metabolism KW - Homeostasis KW - Pituitary Neoplasms KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- enzymology KW - Receptors, Drug -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Genes KW - Pro-Opiomelanocortin -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Pro-Opiomelanocortin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79530296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+protein+kinase+C+down-regulation+on+secretory+events+and+proopiomelanocortin+gene+expression+in+anterior+pituitary+tumor+%28AtT-20%29+cells.&rft.au=Vyas%2C+S%3BBishop%2C+J+F%3BGehlert%2C+D+R%3BPatel%2C+J&rft.aulast=Vyas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-19 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of an HIV-1 point mutant blocked in envelope glycoprotein cleavage. AN - 79529522; 2104682 AB - The envelope proteins of retroviruses are derived from a polypeptide precursor protein by cleavage adjacent to a cluster of basic amino acids. Site-specific mutagenesis was used to construct a mutant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in which the arginine residue at the carboxy-terminus of the gp120 was changed to a threonine residue. This single substitution was sufficient to abolish all detectable cleavage of the gp160 envelope precursor polypeptide as well as virus infectivity. The gp160 was produced in normal quantities from a biologically active clone of the mutant virus after transfection into cos-1 cells. The mutant gp160 contained N-linked oligosaccharide chains with mannose-rich cores similar to those of the gp160 produced by the wild-type clone. Immunofluorescence assays showed that gp160 was transported to the surface of transfected CD4+ HeLa cells. No envelope proteins of known size could be detected in the media of cells transfected with the mutant virus, suggesting that functional virions were not formed. Binding of the mutant gp160 to the CD4 receptor molecule was unimpaired. Despite this and the presence of gp160 on the cell surface, neither growth of mutant-transfected CD4+ HeLa cells nor cocultivation of transfected cos-1 cells with H9 cells resulted in significant syncytium formation. The data indicate that the carboxy-terminal arginine residue of HIV-1 gp120 is necessary for envelope protein cleavage and suggest cleavage is important in the virus life cycle in both functional virus release and membrane fusion. JF - Virology AU - Guo, H G AU - Veronese, F M AU - Tschachler, E AU - Pal, R AU - Kalyanaraman, V S AU - Gallo, R C AU - Reitz, M S AD - Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 217 EP - 224 VL - 174 IS - 1 SN - 0042-6822, 0042-6822 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - 0 KW - DNA, Viral KW - Gene Products, env KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp160 KW - Protein Precursors KW - Threonine KW - 2ZD004190S KW - Arginine KW - 94ZLA3W45F KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - HeLa Cells KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Humans KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- genetics KW - HIV Envelope Protein gp120 -- metabolism KW - Plasmids KW - Antigens, CD4 -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Transfection KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay KW - Gene Products, env -- metabolism KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - Protein Precursors -- metabolism KW - Protein Precursors -- genetics KW - Gene Products, env -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79529522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+an+HIV-1+point+mutant+blocked+in+envelope+glycoprotein+cleavage.&rft.au=Guo%2C+H+G%3BVeronese%2C+F+M%3BTschachler%2C+E%3BPal%2C+R%3BKalyanaraman%2C+V+S%3BGallo%2C+R+C%3BReitz%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=00426822&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-05 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of differentiation in v-Ha-ras-transformed MDCK cells by prostaglandin E2 and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP is associated with a decrease in steady-state level of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. AN - 79529103; 2152966 AB - We used Ha-ras-transformed Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells as a model to study possible signal transduction mechanisms underlying the induction of glucagon responsiveness by the differentiation inducers prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 8-bromo-cyclic (8-Br-cAMP) AMP and the inhibition of induction by phorbol ester or a serum factor. The steady-state level of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) was higher in Ha-ras-transformed MDCK cells than in parental MDCK cells. In contrast, the steady-state level of intracellular cAMP of transformed cells was similar to that of normal cells. PGE2 and 8-Br-cAMP increased cAMP content but decreased IP3 levels in a concentration-dependent fashion after 5 days of treatment. We examined the time course for effects of PGE2 and 8-Br-cAMP and found that there was a lag period of 8 to 16 h between elevation of cAMP after the addition of 8-Br-cAMP or PGE2 and the decrease of IP3 levels. Another lag period of 2 days existed before the induction of differentiation. Both the reduction of IP3 levels and the induction of glucagon responsiveness were blocked by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate or serum, suggesting that a decrease in the IP3 level might be causally involved in induction of differentiation in transformed MDCK cells. However, induction of differentiation was not due to changes in the expression or guanine nucleotide-binding properties of p21 protein. It is likely that cAMP has a direct regulatory effect on the phospholipid signaling pathway. We conclude that perturbation of the inositol phosphate signaling pathway may be responsible for the induction of differentiation by PGE2 and 8-Br-cAMP in transformed MDCK cells. JF - Molecular and cellular biology AU - Wu, Y Y AU - Lin, M C AD - Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 57 EP - 67 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Guanine Nucleotides KW - Phospholipids KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate KW - 85166-31-0 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Dinoprostone KW - K7Q1JQR04M KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- physiology KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Genes, ras KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Dogs KW - Guanine Nucleotides -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Cell Line KW - Diglycerides -- metabolism KW - Dinoprostone -- pharmacology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Oncogene Protein p21(ras) -- physiology KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79529103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+differentiation+in+v-Ha-ras-transformed+MDCK+cells+by+prostaglandin+E2+and+8-bromo-cyclic+AMP+is+associated+with+a+decrease+in+steady-state+level+of+inositol+1%2C4%2C5-trisphosphate.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y+Y%3BLin%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1987 Jan 22-28;325(6102):359-61 [3027568] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2472-8 [3043178] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:779-827 [3304147] Exp Cell Res. 1987 Jul;171(1):232-42 [3622632] Endocrinology. 1987 Oct;121(4):1438-46 [3653036] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):533-6 [2821623] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):542-5 [2821624] J Cell Biol. 1989 Jan;108(1):159-67 [2536032] J Cell Biol. 1989 Jan;108(1):169-76 [2492022] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jan;9(1):325-8 [2538723] Can J Biochem Physiol. 1959 Aug;37(8):911-7 [13671378] J Biol Chem. 1960 Mar;235:769-75 [13793161] Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44:491-522 [166606] J Virol. 1976 Dec;20(3):570-82 [62849] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jul;76(7):3338-42 [291007] Nature. 1987 Nov 19-25;330(6145):269-72 [3313065] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1119-22 [2891706] Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;7(12):4324-8 [2830489] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2668-73 [2457153] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Aug 15;154(3):959-66 [2841937] Nature. 1988 Aug 25;334(6184):661-5 [3045562] J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 5;263(34):17975-80 [3056934] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Apr 29;112(2):693-700 [6303329] J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):294-304 [6287003] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9057-61 [2848254] Nature. 1983 Aug 18-24;304(5927):596-602 [6308472] Nature. 1984 Jul 12-18;310(5973):147-50 [6610834] J Biol Chem. 1984 Nov 10;259(21):13199-203 [6386811] Cancer Res. 1985 Feb;45(2):822-5 [3855381] Nature. 1985 Jan 31-Feb 6;313(6001):404-6 [3855502] Methods Enzymol. 1985;109:360-5 [2985925] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1985 Aug 15;130(3):1193-200 [2992503] Nature. 1985 Sep 5-11;317(6032):71-2 [3929144] J Biol Chem. 1985 Dec 5;260(28):15194-9 [3905792] Cell. 1985 Nov;43(1):315-25 [3907853] Cell. 1986 Jan 17;44(1):167-76 [3510078] Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):407-10 [3001936] FEBS Lett. 1986 Jan 20;195(1-2):115-8 [2417883] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25;261(3):1092-8 [3003053] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Jan 14;134(1):436-42 [3004443] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Feb;83(4):952-6 [3513168] Nature. 1986 Apr 10-16;320(6062):540-3 [2938016] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 May 29;886(3):441-7 [3011119] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 5;261(19):8597-600 [3013856] Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3345-56 [3837844] Nature. 1986 Sep 11-17;323(6084):173-6 [3018591] Science. 1986 Oct 10;234(4773):161-6 [3018928] J Biol Chem. 1986 Oct 15;261(29):13430-7 [2875997] FEBS Lett. 1986 Nov 10;208(1):39-42 [3021538] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4214-20 [3540608] J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 25;262(3):1010-5 [3027073] Cell. 1988 Jan 15;52(1):63-71 [3278810] Science. 1988 Apr 22;240(4851):518-21 [2833817] EMBO J. 1988 Jan;7(1):161-8 [2834200] Oncogene Res. 1988 Feb;2(3):205-18 [3285300] Biochem Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;66(1):54-65 [2835972] J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 5;263(19):9374-80 [3132463] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4271-5 [3288989] FEBS Lett. 1988 Jun 20;233(2):239-43 [3164278] FASEB J. 1988 Jul;2(10):2569-74 [2838362] Exp Hematol. 1988 Aug;16(7):641-6 [2839354] J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 25;263(24):12102-8 [2841343] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:159-93 [3304132] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction of a recombinant bovine leukemia virus vector for analysis of virus infectivity. AN - 79529044; 1688385 AB - A recombinant bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was constructed in which the X region was replaced with the bacterial neomycin resistance gene controlled by the simian virus 40 early promoter. This virus, termed BLV-SVNEO, is a self-packaging, activator-dependent retroviral vector. Introduction of the plasmid pBLV-SVNEO into mammalian cells resulted in constitutive expression of the neo gene, whereas the BLV structural genes, gag, pol, and env, were expressed only in the presence of the two regulatory proteins, Tax and Rex. The production and release of recombinant virus by cells transfected with pBLV-SVNEO were proportional to the number of G418-resistant colonies that developed after susceptible cells were exposed to the filtered culture medium. BLV-SVNEO was able to infect cell lines of human, bovine, canine, feline, and murine origin. BLV-producing cell lines were resistant to superinfection with BLV-SVNEO. This cell-virus system should facilitate molecular genetic studies of BLV and will provide a rapid, quantitative measure of BLV infectivity in a variety of cell types. These studies also demonstrate the feasibility of using activator-dependent retroviral vectors such as BLV-SVNEO to deliver foreign genes into cells and eventually animals. JF - Journal of virology AU - Derse, D AU - Martarano, L AD - Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701-1013. Y1 - 1990/01// PY - 1990 DA - January 1990 SP - 401 EP - 405 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - RNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Neomycin KW - 1404-04-2 KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Transfection KW - Simian virus 40 -- genetics KW - Drug Resistance, Microbial -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Genes, Viral KW - RNA, Viral -- isolation & purification KW - RNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Neomycin -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Leukemia Virus, Bovine -- genetics KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Leukemia Virus, Bovine -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79529044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Construction+of+a+recombinant+bovine+leukemia+virus+vector+for+analysis+of+virus+infectivity.&rft.au=Derse%2C+D%3BMartarano%2C+L&rft.aulast=Derse&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Jpn J Cancer Res. 1987 Feb;78(2):93-8 [3030987] Leukemia. 1987 Nov;1(11):777-81 [2824938] EMBO J. 1987 Nov;6(11):3385-9 [2828028] J Virol. 1988 Apr;62(4):1115-9 [2831374] Leukemia. 1987 May;1(5):463-5 [2823023] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9263-7 [2848258] EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2585-9 [3023049] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):7879-83 [2999781] Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1987 Jan;23(1):81-5 [3036537] Virology. 1987 Jul;159(1):158-60 [3037775] J Virol. 1987 Aug;61(8):2462-71 [3037109] J Virol. 1987 May;61(5):1577-85 [3033284] J Virol. 1985 May;54(2):625-9 [2985826] FEBS Lett. 1985 Nov 11;192(1):37-42 [2414130] Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1557-9 [3201246] Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1984;112:1-19 [6090059] Acta Virol. 1982 Jan;26(1-2):33-40 [6124108] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Apr;79(8):2465-9 [6283527] Leuk Res. 1980;4(6):509-19 [6259449] Am J Vet Res. 1977 Jun;38(6):873-6 [195501] Cancer Res. 1976 Nov;36(11 Pt 1):4152-9 [61801] Am J Vet Res. 1974 May;35(5):633-7 [4364455] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative evaluation of the radon and lung cancer association in a case control study of Chinese tin miners. AN - 79527896; 2293552 AB - Studies of underground miners have consistently shown an increased risk of lung cancer with cumulative exposure to radon-222 and its decay products. Although the deleterious effects of high radon exposure are clear, questions regarding the shape of the exposure-response relationship, and the effects of time factors such as attained age, time since exposure and early age at first exposure, the effect of exposure rate, and the joint association of radon exposure and tobacco use have not yet been fully clarified. This report considers these questions by fitting various models for the relative odds of disease to 74 male lung cancer cases who were diagnosed between 1981 and 1984 and were alive in 1985 and an equal number of controls. All subjects are current or past employees of the Yunnan Tin Corporation, Gejiu City, China, who reside in the local area. Workers were interviewed to obtain information on work history, from which radon exposure in cumulative working level months and arsenic exposure were estimated, and on tobacco use. Results indicate that excess relative risk increases by 1.7% per cumulative working level month [95% confidence interval (0.5, 5.4)]. The linear exposure response relationship significantly declines with year since last radon exposure (P = 0.02). The risk trend also declines with increasing exposure rate (P = 0.001), indicating that long duration of exposure at a low rate may be more deleterious than short duration of exposure at a high rate. A unique aspect of this study population is the very early ages at first radon exposure for many of the workers, about 37% of the radon-exposed workers were first exposed under the age of 13 years. The analysis shows no modification of the radon lung cancer relationship with age at first exposure. These patterns of risk with radon exposure are generally consistent with those reported in the recent National Academy of Sciences' Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations IV report. The primary method of tobacco consumption in this area of China is by waterpipe. Lung cancer risk increases with pipe-years of use. The joint analysis of tobacco use and radon exposure supports the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations IV conclusion that the most likely model is between additive and multiplicative. The variations of the radon lung cancer relationship by years since last exposure and exposure rate are not affected by adjustment for arsenic exposure. JF - Cancer research AU - Lubin, J H AU - Qiao, Y L AU - Taylor, P R AU - Yao, S X AU - Schatzkin, A AU - Mao, B L AU - Rao, J Y AU - Xuan, X Z AU - Li, J Y AD - Epidemiology Methods Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20892. Y1 - 1990/01/01/ PY - 1990 DA - 1990 Jan 01 SP - 174 EP - 180 VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Tin KW - 7440-31-5 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - China KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Mining UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79527896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Quantitative+evaluation+of+the+radon+and+lung+cancer+association+in+a+case+control+study+of+Chinese+tin+miners.&rft.au=Lubin%2C+J+H%3BQiao%2C+Y+L%3BTaylor%2C+P+R%3BYao%2C+S+X%3BSchatzkin%2C+A%3BMao%2C+B+L%3BRao%2C+J+Y%3BXuan%2C+X+Z%3BLi%2C+J+Y&rft.aulast=Lubin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1990-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - China's Opening Policy and Transnational Corporations T2 - International Sociological Association AN - 61719449; 90S23715 AB - It is suggested that transnational corporations (TCs) can play a special role in the construction of socialist modernization in the People's Republic of China. TCs can profit by investment, while China will benefit by the transfer of technology & the training of professionals. Moreover, TCs can help Chinese enterprises in developing into an export-oriented economy active in the international market. In recent years, increasing numbers of TCs have invested in China. Through Sept 1989, China had absorbed $14.1 billion in foreign capital, & 8,000+ joint-venture, cooperative, & exclusively foreign-owned enterprises have been started. China is also investing moderately overseas & is accumulating the experience to organize China-based TCs. JF - International Sociological Association AU - Weimin, Zheng Y1 - 1990///0, PY - 1990 DA - 0, 1990 KW - socialist modernization, transnational corporations' role, People's Republic of China KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - Multinational Corporations KW - Corporations KW - Socialism KW - Modernization KW - proceeding KW - 0911: political sociology/interactions; interactions between societies, nations, & states UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61719449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Sociological+Association&rft.atitle=China%27s+Opening+Policy+and+Transnational+Corporations&rft.au=Weimin%2C+Zheng&rft.aulast=Weimin&rft.aufirst=Zheng&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Sociological+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-10 N1 - Publication note - 1990 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vaginal Absorption of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Fischer 344 Rats AN - 21097814; 11126615 AB - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a polymer with a wide range of molecular weights and uses. Recently, low molecular weight formulations of PVA have been used as components of contraceptive products designed for intravaginal administration in human females. Previous studies in animals have determined that little or no absorption of PVA occurs from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, there is some concern that PVA of lower molecular weights might be absorbed across membranes of the reproductive tract. Consequently, this work has investigated the absorption of low molecular weight PVA across biological membranes of the reproductive and GI tracts of Fischer 344 rats. Oral administration of ten consecutive daily doses of super(14)C PVA resulted in little apparent absorption of the dose from the GI tract. In contrast, intravaginal administration of super(14)C PVA resulted in increasing concentrations of PVA-derived radioactivity in major tissues following one, three or ten daily doses of the estimated human dose of 3 mg/kg. PVA-derived radioactivity was concentrated mainly in the liver, reaching a peak greater than 1750 ng equivalents/g tissue 24 hours following ten daily doses. Over 300 ng equivalents/g tissue were still present in the liver 30 days following the last dose. JF - Human & Experimental Toxicology AU - Sanders, J M AU - Matthews, H B AD - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 71 EP - 77 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Polyvinyl alcohol KW - Molecular weight KW - Vagina KW - Liver KW - Oral administration KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Radioactivity KW - Contraceptives KW - Reproductive system KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21097814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Vaginal+Absorption+of+Polyvinyl+Alcohol+in+Fischer+344+Rats&rft.au=Sanders%2C+J+M%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F096032719000900202 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polyvinyl alcohol; Molecular weight; Vagina; Oral administration; Liver; Radioactivity; Gastrointestinal tract; Reproductive system; Contraceptives DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719000900202 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral Screening Assay for Daphnia magna: A Method to Assess the Effects of Xenobiotics on Spacial Orientation AN - 19105196; 9006046 AB - A short-term, low-cost method of detecting changes in the orienting ability of Daphnia magna in response to xenobiotics employs the reaction (migration along the gradient) of L. magna to a light intensity gradient. The method was derived from techniques established to simulate and analyze migration patterns of zooplankton in the natural environment. Each test uses a minimum of 100 1 to 3 day old Daphnia exposed to a directional light beam within a circular chamber. The chamber is divided into eight sections, each containing 45 degrees of arc. These quadrants can be isolated from each other, thus isolating eight groups of migrating Daphnia. Each test results in three endpoints: an average direction for the migration (mean angle), an index of the magnitude of random, undirected migration (r value) and a percentage of nonresponse. The method was validated by showing a positive dose-related response to a known neurotoxin, lindane. The method is sensitive to lindane, producing effects on orientation even at a concentration as low as 50 ppb. The effect of lindane was a dramatic increase in the random migration of dosed Daphnia, showing a less directed migration pattern than control. The incorporation of this type of test into a general toxicity screening of a xenobiotic in Daphnia can make use of the excess offspring in brood stocks in a sublethal behavioral assay. Results of the assay could be used to determine possible modes of toxicity. (VerNooy-PTT) JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ETOCDK Vol. 9, No. 1, p 21-30, 1990. 5 fig, 4 tab, 32 ref. NIH Grant ES01080 and Grant ES04184. AU - Goodrich AU - Lech, J J AD - NIEHS Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Core Center Milwaukee, WI Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Animal behavior KW - Bioassay KW - Bioindicators KW - Daphnia KW - Lindane KW - Sublethal effects KW - Water pollution effects KW - Light intensity KW - Migration KW - Spatial distribution KW - Statistical analysis KW - Toxicity KW - Toxins KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19105196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Behavioral+Screening+Assay+for+Daphnia+magna%3A+A+Method+to+Assess+the+Effects+of+Xenobiotics+on+Spacial+Orientation&rft.au=Goodrich%3BLech%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Goodrich&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial defenses against oxidative stress. AN - 16655369; 2994408 AB - Bacteria treated with low doses of oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide adapt to subsequent high doses of these oxidants by inducing the expression of numerous genes. The study of these genes and the roles they play in defending bacteria against oxidative damage has given general insights into what oxidants are hazardous to cells, what cell constituents are damaged by oxidants, and how cells sense and respond to oxidative stress. JF - Trends in Genetics AU - Storz, G AU - Tartaglia, LA AU - Farr, S B AU - Ames, B N AD - Lab. Mol. Biol. NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 363 EP - 368 VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 0168-9525, 0168-9525 KW - superoxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - oxidants KW - mutation KW - Escherichia coli KW - gene expression KW - DNA repair KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16655369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Genetics&rft.atitle=Bacterial+defenses+against+oxidative+stress.&rft.au=Storz%2C+G%3BTartaglia%2C+LA%3BFarr%2C+S+B%3BAmes%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=Storz&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Genetics&rft.issn=01689525&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium; gene expression; oxidants; mutation; DNA repair ER - TY - CONF T1 - The malignant conversion step of mouse skin carcinogenesis. AN - 16520020; 2951163 AB - Multiple benign squamous papillomas commonly precede the development of an occasional squamous cell carcinoma in mouse skin carcinogenesis. The incidence of carcinomas can be enhanced by treating papilloma-bearing mice with mutagens such as urethane, nitroquinoline-N-oxide, or cisplatinum. This observation suggests that a genetic change is required for malignant conversion. The malignant phenotype is characterized by a marked reduction in the transcription of specific epidermal differentiation markers, a pattern which is useful for the early diagnosis of malignant conversion. Cells expressing a benign phenotype can be obtained by introducing the v-ras super(Ha) oncogene into cultured epidermal cells by a replication-defective retrovirus. Alternatively, benign tumor cells can be cultured from papillomas induced by chemical carcinogens in vivo or from carcinogen-treated mouse epidermis. In all cases, the benign phenotype in vitro is characterized by an altered biological response to changes in extracellular calcium, an important determinant of the differentiation state of cultured normal keratinocytes. . JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Yuspa, SH AU - Hennings, H AU - Roop, D AU - Strickland, J AU - Greenhalgh, DA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 193 EP - 195 VL - 88 KW - malignant conversion step KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - skin KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16520020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+malignant+conversion+step+of+mouse+skin+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Yuspa%2C+SH%3BHennings%2C+H%3BRoop%2C+D%3BStrickland%2C+J%3BGreenhalgh%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Yuspa&rft.aufirst=SH&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of endogenous phosphorylation of the major cAMP-dependent protein kinase substrate in adipocytes by insulin and beta -adrenergic stimulation. AN - 16495280; 2945892 AB - In isolated, super(32)P sub(i)-loaded, rat adipocytes, we have examined phosphorylation of the major cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) substrate, a protein that appears to be associated with the lipid storage droplet and migrates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a 65-67-kDa doublet. A-kinase activity ratio ranges from approximately equals 0.1 to approximately equals 0.3-0.4 with increasing isoproterenol concentrations. By contrast, insulin-treated cells exhibiting A-kinase activity ratios over the range of 0.1-0.25 contain less super(32)P in the 65-67-kDa protein then control cells exhibiting identical A-kinase activity ratios. It is concluded that insulin stimulates a phosphatase activity that acts on the 65-67-kDa protein. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Egan, J J AU - Greenberg, A S AU - Chang, Min-Kun AU - Londos, C AD - Lab. Cell. and Dev. Biol., NIDDK/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 18769 EP - 18775 VL - 265 IS - 31 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - activity KW - adipocytes KW - insulin KW - isoproterenol KW - mediation KW - modulation KW - phosphatase KW - phosphorylation KW - protein kinase A KW - rats KW - stimulation KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16495280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Control+of+endogenous+phosphorylation+of+the+major+cAMP-dependent+protein+kinase+substrate+in+adipocytes+by+insulin+and+beta+-adrenergic+stimulation.&rft.au=Egan%2C+J+J%3BGreenberg%2C+A+S%3BChang%2C+Min-Kun%3BLondos%2C+C&rft.aulast=Egan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=31&rft.spage=18769&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Refinement of long-term toxicity and carcinogenesis studies. AN - 16271873; 2800669 AB - The change that alternatives will completely replace animals for toxicology research in the foreseeable future is nil. Continual refinement of animal toxicity and carcinogenesis studies, however, can be an effective means of reducing the numbers of animals used and conserving time and resources without compromising scientific quality. We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. Adequate care of animals with control of variables such as light, temperature, diet, bedding, diseases, and genetic characters of laboratory animals will decrease the variability. Humane considerations and euthanasia of animals with large masses and other conditions interfering with eating and drinking, major injuries and ulcers related to husbandry and treatment, and diseases indicating pain and suffering will help not only to alleviate further pain and distress but also to facilitate collection of tissues without secondary complications for detection of chemical treatment-related lesions. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Rao, G N AU - Huff, J Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 33 EP - 43 VL - 15 IS - 1 KW - studies KW - refinement KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - carcinogenesis KW - chronic toxicity KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16271873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Refinement+of+long-term+toxicity+and+carcinogenesis+studies.&rft.au=Rao%2C+G+N%3BHuff%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity and carcinogenicity of N-methylolacrylamide in F344 rats and B6C4F1 mice. AN - 16261967; 2794785 AB - Toxicology and carcinogenicity studies of N-methylolacrylamide were conducted by administering the chemical by gavage in water to both sexes of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice 5 times per week for 16 d, 13 wk, or 2 yr. In 16-d studies, rats receiving doses of 200 mg/kg or higher and mice receiving 400 mg/kg died. In 13-wk studies, all rats given 100 mg/kg or higher doses died. Rats receiving 50 mg/kg or higher doses developed hindlimb ataxia progressing to paralysis. In neurobehavioral assessments, decreased forelimb and hindlimb grip strength occurred in rats at doses as low as 12.5 mg/kg. Landing footspread was also increased in dosed rats compared to controls. Axon filament and myelin sheath degeneration in the spinal cord and/or peripheral nerves occurred in rats receiving doses of 25 mg/kg or higher. Necrosis in the granular cell layer of the cerebellum was seen in rats given 200 mg/kg. Mice receiving 200 mg/kg in 13-wk studies died. Decreased grip strength was noted in mice at doses as low as 25 mg/kg, and rotarod performance was also affected by N-methylolacrylamide administration, but no neuropathology was seen microscopically. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Bucher, J R AU - Huff, J AU - Haseman, J K AU - Eustis, S L AU - Peter, A AU - Toft, J D AD - NTP/NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 161 EP - 177 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - N-methylolacrylamide KW - rats KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - neurotoxicity KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16261967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+N-methylolacrylamide+in+F344+rats+and+B6C4F1+mice.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J+R%3BHuff%2C+J%3BHaseman%2C+J+K%3BEustis%2C+S+L%3BPeter%2C+A%3BToft%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Bucher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; carcinogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prolonged changes in plasma concentrations of catecholamine metabolites following a single infusion of an MPTP analog. AN - 16179613; 2647677 AB - The magnitude and duration of effects of a single intravenous injection of 4'-amino MPTP, an analogue of the dopamine neurotoxin, MPTP, on plasma levels of catechols and normetanephrine were examined in conscious dogs. Plasma samples were collected prior to treatment with intravenous saline or 4'-amino MPTP multiplied by 2HCl (22.5 mg/kg) and at weekly intervals for six weeks following treatment. Saline treatment had no effect on plasma levels of any of the measured compounds. Following 4'-amino MPTP, plasma DHPG fell to 14% of the pre-injection value and remained decreased for the full 6-week test period, with partial recovery by week 6 to 42% of the pre-injection value. (DBO) JF - Life Sciences AU - Johannessen, J N AU - Goldstein, D S AU - Oliver, J AU - Markey, S P AD - Lab. Clin. Sci., Build. 10/3D-40, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1895 EP - 1901 VL - 47 IS - 21 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - analogs KW - catecholamines KW - changes KW - concentration KW - dogs KW - infusion KW - metabolites KW - plasma KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16179613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+Sciences&rft.atitle=Prolonged+changes+in+plasma+concentrations+of+catecholamine+metabolites+following+a+single+infusion+of+an+MPTP+analog.&rft.au=Johannessen%2C+J+N%3BGoldstein%2C+D+S%3BOliver%2C+J%3BMarkey%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Johannessen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=1895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+Sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bradykinin and its Gly super(6) analogue are substrates of cyclophilin: A fluorine-19 magnetization transfer study. AN - 16085165; 2642222 AB - Fluorine-19 magnetization transfer experiments have been used to determine the rates of cis/trans isomerization about the X-Pro super(7) peptide bond in (p-fluoro-Phe super(8))bradykinin (cis/trans ratio similar to 0.1) and its Gly super(6) analogue (cis/trans ratio similar to 0.4). The measurements were carried out both prior to and after the addition of cyclophilin, which has recently been shown to have peptidyl-proline cis/trans isomerase activity and is the apparent target enzyme of the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A. The enzyme-catalyzed enhancement of the cis/trans interconversion rate was proportional to added cyclophilin concentration and was strongly sequence specific, with bradykinin a much better substrate than (Gly super(6))bradykinin. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - London, R E AU - Davis, D G AU - Vavrek, R J AU - Stewart, J M AU - Handschumacher, R E AD - Lab. Mol. Biophys., MD 17-05, NIEHS, Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 10298 EP - 10302 VL - 29 IS - 45 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - analogs KW - bradykinin KW - cis/trans KW - cyclophilin KW - effects on KW - fluorine-19 magnetization KW - isomerization KW - transfer KW - use KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16085165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Bradykinin+and+its+Gly+super%286%29+analogue+are+substrates+of+cyclophilin%3A+A+fluorine-19+magnetization+transfer+study.&rft.au=London%2C+R+E%3BDavis%2C+D+G%3BVavrek%2C+R+J%3BStewart%2C+J+M%3BHandschumacher%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=10298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new Acanthamoeba myosin heavy chain. Cloning of the gene and immunological identification of the polypeptide. AN - 16039412; 2597997 AB - An Acanthamoeba myosin heavy chain has been identified whose tail domain amino acid sequence distinguishes it from Acanthamoeba myosins IB, IC, and II. The gene for this novel myosin heavy chain spans similar to 6.8 kilobases, is spilt by 17 introns, and encodes a 177-kDa polypeptide. While the amino-terminal similar to 90 kDa of this polypeptide is highly similar to the globular head sequences of myosins I and II, its similar to 87-kDa tail domain shows essentially no similarity to the tail sequences of either type of myosin. The only exception to this the carboxyl-terminal similar to 50-amino acid region of the polypeptide, which is homologous to the carboxyl termini of the myosins I. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Horowitz, JA AU - Hammer, JA III AD - Build. 3, Rm. B-122, LCB, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 20646 EP - 20652 VL - 265 IS - 33 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Acanthamoeba KW - DNA KW - amino acid sequence KW - antibodies KW - cDNA KW - genes KW - heavy chain KW - heavy chains KW - identification KW - immunology KW - myosin KW - nucleotide sequence KW - polypeptides KW - predictions KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07361:Protozoans/slime molds KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - K 03081:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16039412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+new+Acanthamoeba+myosin+heavy+chain.+Cloning+of+the+gene+and+immunological+identification+of+the+polypeptide.&rft.au=Horowitz%2C+JA%3BHammer%2C+JA+III&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=20646&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - identification; genes; DNA; polypeptides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effects of cigarette smoke condensate and its fractions on cultured normal and malignant human bronchial epithelial cells. AN - 16038402; 2607050 AB - The differential effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) and its fractions (neutral, basic, and acidic fractions) on proliferation and squamous differentiation of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells versus human lung carcinoma cells were investigated. CSC, and the neutral and acidic fractions inhibited cellular proliferation more than the basic fraction. When compared to the acidic and basic fractions, CSC and the neural fraction were more effective in causing squamous differentiation of NHBE cells and inhibiting specific binding of phorbol dibutyrate (PDBU). There were no significant changes in ionized cytosolic calcium concentration when NHBE cells were treated with CSC. In contrast to the normal epithelial cells, neither HUT-292 nor the 3 other carcinoma cell lines examined showed marked squamous morphological changes when exposed to either CSC or its fractions and the carcinoma cells were more resistant to their inhibiting effects on cellular proliferation. JF - EXP. PATHOL. AU - Miyashita, M AU - Willey, J C AU - Sasajima, K AU - Lechner, J F AU - La Voie, EJ AU - Hoffmann, D AU - Smith, M AU - Trump, B F AU - Harris, C C AD - Build. 37, Rm. 2C07, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 19 EP - 29 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4908, 0014-4908 KW - cigarettes KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - pathology KW - smoke KW - morphology KW - cytology KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16038402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EXP.+PATHOL.&rft.atitle=Differential+effects+of+cigarette+smoke+condensate+and+its+fractions+on+cultured+normal+and+malignant+human+bronchial+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Miyashita%2C+M%3BWilley%2C+J+C%3BSasajima%2C+K%3BLechner%2C+J+F%3BLa+Voie%2C+EJ%3BHoffmann%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+M%3BTrump%2C+B+F%3BHarris%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Miyashita&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EXP.+PATHOL.&rft.issn=00144908&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cytology; smoke; morphology; pathology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The retroviral proteinases. AN - 16032057; 2593429 AB - Retroviral proteinases are synthesized as a part of polyproteins and activated by an unknown mechanism in the late phase of virus replication. The proteinase processes the viral polyproteins during virus maturation, and it also cleaves the nucleocapsid (NC) protein inside the viral core. Protein cleavages are dependent on amino acid sequence and conformation. The active enzyme is a dimer of two identical subunits and resembles cellular aspartic proteinases in its 3-dimensional structure and mechanism of action. The proteinase has crucial roles in the virus life cycle and therefore is a potential target for antiviral chemotherapy. JF - Seminars in Virology AU - Oroszlan, S AU - Toezser, J AD - Lab. Mol. Virol. and Carcinog., ABL-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 369 EP - 378 VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 1044-5773, 1044-5773 KW - amino acid sequence KW - cell cycle KW - inhibitors KW - protein biosynthesis KW - proteinase KW - replication KW - retrovirus KW - reviews KW - structure-activity relationships KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22032:Viral proteins KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16032057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seminars+in+Virology&rft.atitle=The+retroviral+proteinases.&rft.au=Oroszlan%2C+S%3BToezser%2C+J&rft.aulast=Oroszlan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seminars+in+Virology&rft.issn=10445773&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Viral proteinases issue. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - protein biosynthesis; reviews; replication; amino acid sequence; cell cycle ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retroviral proteinases. AN - 16009071; 2580864 JF - Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology [CURR. TOP. MICROBIOL. IMMUNOL.]. 1990. AU - Oroszlan, S AU - Luftig, R B AD - Lab. Mol. Virol. and Carcinog., BRI-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Facil., Frederick, MD 21701, USA A2 - Swanstrom, R A2 - Vogt, PK (eds) Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SN - 0070-217X, 0070-217X KW - activity KW - biosynthesis KW - proteinase KW - proteolysis KW - retrovirus KW - reviews KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22032:Viral proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16009071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Bacteriology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+B%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oroszlan%2C+S%3BLuftig%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Oroszlan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0387518959&rft.btitle=Retroviral+proteinases.&rft.title=Retroviral+proteinases.&rft.issn=0070217X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A recombinant single-chain immunotoxin composed of anti-Tac variable regions and a truncated diphtheria toxin. AN - 15999554; 2564465 AB - To kill human or primate cells expressing the p55 subunit of the interleukin 2 receptor, we have constructed a single-chain immunotoxin. DNA sequences encoding the first 388 amino acids of diphtheria toxin (DT) were fused to DNA elements encoding the antigen-binding portion (variable region or Fv) of the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody. The antigen-binding portion consists of 116 amino acids of the heavy-chain variable region connected by a 15-amino acid linker to 106 amino acids of the variable region of the light chain. The single-chain immunotoxin DT388-anti-Tac(Fv) was expressed in Escherichia coli and found in inclusion bodies. The monomeric form was then purified to near homogeneity with a high yield (3-5 mg/liter). JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Chaudhary, V K AU - Gallo, M G AU - FitzGerald, D J AU - Pastan, I AD - Lab. Mol. Biol., Div. Cancer Biol., Diag. and Cent., NCI, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Build. 37, Rm. 4E16, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 9491 EP - 9494 VL - 87 IS - 23 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae KW - truncation KW - DNA KW - fusion KW - expression KW - purification KW - cytotoxicity KW - cells KW - toxins KW - anti-Tac KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - monoclonal antibodies KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - F 06065:Genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15999554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=A+recombinant+single-chain+immunotoxin+composed+of+anti-Tac+variable+regions+and+a+truncated+diphtheria+toxin.&rft.au=Chaudhary%2C+V+K%3BGallo%2C+M+G%3BFitzGerald%2C+D+J%3BPastan%2C+I&rft.aulast=Chaudhary&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=9491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monoclonal antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutational specificity of the anti 1,2-dihydrodiol 3,4-epoxide of 5-methylchrysene. AN - 15996719; 2575379 AB - An SV40-based pS189 shuttle vector, which contained a supF target gene and was replicated in human cells (Ad293), was used to determine the mutational specificity of anti 5-methylchrysene 1,2-dihydrodiol 3,4-epoxide, the active metabolite of the environmentally prevalent carcinogen 5-methylchrysene. The frequency of supF mutants containing point mutations increased with dose to similar to 40 times the spontaneous frequency. The induced mutations were not randomly distributed but occurred preferentially at mutagenic hotspots, which were not all identical to those reported by others for benzo(a)pyrene dihydrodiol epoxide, a metabolite with similar chemistry. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Bigger, CAH AU - Flickinger, D J AU - Strandberg, J AU - Pataki, J AU - Harvey, R G AU - Dipple, A AD - Chem. Carcinog. Lab., ABL Basic Res. Program, NCI Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2263 EP - 2265 VL - 11 IS - 12 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - S-methylchrysene KW - mutagenesis KW - specificity KW - supF mutant KW - frequency KW - 1,2-dihydrodiol 3,4-epoxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutants KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15996719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Mutational+specificity+of+the+anti+1%2C2-dihydrodiol+3%2C4-epoxide+of+5-methylchrysene.&rft.au=Bigger%2C+CAH%3BFlickinger%2C+D+J%3BStrandberg%2C+J%3BPataki%2C+J%3BHarvey%2C+R+G%3BDipple%2C+A&rft.aulast=Bigger&rft.aufirst=CAH&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the mutagenicity of combustion particles from several common biomass fuels in the Ames/Salmonella microsome test. AN - 15994106; 2560425 AB - We have evaluated the mutagenicity of dichloromethane extracts of combustion particles from several biomass fuels that are commonly used in developing countries in Salmonella strains TA98 plus or minus S9 and TA100 plus or minus S9. Combustion-particle extracts from dried cow dung and crop residue exhibited mutagenic potencies similar to wood-smoke extracts (0.0-1.0 rev./ mu g extract). However, extracts from coconut-shell-smoke particles showed relatively potent direct-acting mutagenicity (1.6 rev./ mu g, TA98-S9). Results from testing this sample in nitroreductase- and acetylase-deficient strains TA98NR and TA98 (1,8-DNP-6) revealed no contribution from nitroarenes. JF - Mutation Research AU - Bell, DA AU - Kamens, R M AD - Lab. Biochem. Risk Anal., NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 245 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - combustion products KW - Ames/Salmonella microsome tests KW - nitroarenes KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15994106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+mutagenicity+of+combustion+particles+from+several+common+biomass+fuels+in+the+Ames%2FSalmonella+microsome+test.&rft.au=Bell%2C+DA%3BKamens%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=245&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adduct formation and removal in hepatic chromatin fractions from rats chronically fed 2-acetylaminofluorene. AN - 15990434; 2555604 AB - Continuous dietary administration of the hepatocarcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) to rats produces a gradual increase in hepatic DNA adducts until a plateau is reached after similar to 2 weeks. In the present experiments, we tested the hypothesis that biphasic adduct removal is due to differential repair kinetics taking place in different chromatin fractions. The data indicate that biphasic adduct removal may be due to the presence of particular nucleotide sequences that are common to all fractions and are relatively resistant to adduct formation and removal. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Poirier, M C AU - Fullerton, N F AU - Patterson, ED AU - Beland, F A AD - Lab. Cell. Carcinog. and Tumor Promot., NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1343 EP - 1347 VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA KW - adducts KW - formation KW - fractions KW - removal KW - ingestion KW - rats KW - N-2-fluorenylacetamide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - liver KW - chromatin KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15990434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=DNA+adduct+formation+and+removal+in+hepatic+chromatin+fractions+from+rats+chronically+fed+2-acetylaminofluorene.&rft.au=Poirier%2C+M+C%3BFullerton%2C+N+F%3BPatterson%2C+ED%3BBeland%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Poirier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; chromatin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation of chrysotile asbestos induces rapid cellular proliferation in small pulmonary vessels of mice and rats. AN - 15963035; 2535783 AB - Asbestos inhalation in mice and rats causes a rapid proliferative response in epithelial and interstitial cells, followed by the development of an interstitial lesion at the first alveolar duct bifurcations where fiber deposition and alveolar macrophage accumulation occur. Here we report that endothelial and smooth muscle cells of arterioles and venules near the bifurcations incorporated significantly increased levels of super(3)H-TdR 19 to 72 hours after chrysotile exposure. As many as 28% of the vessels had labeled cells 31 hours after exposure. No labeled cells were observed in vessels from sham-exposed or iron-exposed controls. This proliferative response resulted in a doubling of both the number of smooth muscle cells and the thickness of the smooth muscle cell layer, determined by ultrastructural morphometry 1 month after exposure. The fact that a variety of cell types incorporates super(3)H-TdR so rapidly after asbestos inhalation leads us to speculate that the response involves the release of diffusible growth factors. JF - American Journal of Pathology AU - McGavran, P D AU - Moore, L B AU - Brody, A R AD - Lab. Pulm. Pathobiol., NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 695 EP - 706 VL - 136 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9440, 0002-9440 KW - asbestos KW - chrysotile KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - animals KW - inhalation KW - mice KW - rats KW - respiratory pathology KW - H SM9.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15963035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Pathology&rft.atitle=Inhalation+of+chrysotile+asbestos+induces+rapid+cellular+proliferation+in+small+pulmonary+vessels+of+mice+and+rats.&rft.au=McGavran%2C+P+D%3BMoore%2C+L+B%3BBrody%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=McGavran&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Pathology&rft.issn=00029440&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; mice; rats; respiratory pathology; animals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol inhibition of neuronal glutamate receptor function. AN - 15960978; 2536105 AB - Acute ethanol intoxication is associated with changes in the activity of neurons in the central nervous system. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are poorly understood. The authors have examined the acute effects of ethanol on excitatory synaptic mechanisms in neurons from mammalian central nervous system, and observed that intoxicating concentrations of ethanol can inhibit the ion current activated by the glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate in cultured neurons from mouse hippocampus, cortex and spinal cord. This inhibition is seen under a variety of experimental recording conditions. These observations support the hypothesis that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/ionophore complex is a target for the neural actions of ethanol, and that inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated responses might contribute to acute ethanol intoxication. The possibility that other receptor-gated ion channels may also be sensitive to ethanol is discussed. JF - Annals of Medicine AU - Lovinger, D M AU - White, G AU - Weight, F F AD - Sect. Electrophysiol., NIAAA, 12501 Washington Ave., Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 247 EP - 252 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0785-3890, 0785-3890 KW - ethanol KW - role KW - inhibition KW - receptors KW - function KW - mice KW - glutamic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - cell culture KW - N3 11070:Neurochemistry and cellular biology KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15960978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Ethanol+inhibition+of+neuronal+glutamate+receptor+function.&rft.au=Lovinger%2C+D+M%3BWhite%2C+G%3BWeight%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Lovinger&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.issn=07853890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cell culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming growth factor- alpha : An oncodevelopmental growth factor. AN - 15945785; 2523128 AB - Transforming growth factor- alpha (TGF- alpha ) is a 50-amino-acid mitogenic peptide that is structurally and, in some cases, functionally related to members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of peptides. TGF- alpha is initially synthesized as a high-molecular-weight, glycosylated, membrane-associated precursor of similar to 160 amino acids. The low-molecular-weight TGF- alpha peptide as well as the precursor are biologically active in a number of systems and can function as transforming proteins when overexpressed. TGF- alpha binds to and activates the EGF receptor, and TGF- alpha and the EGF receptor are coexpressed in a number of human and rodent tumors and tumor cell lines - which suggests that TGF- alpha can function as an autocrine or paracrine growth factor. TGF- alpha is transiently expressed in a some fetal and adjacent maternal tissues during development and is also expressed in a number of adult tissues. JF - CANCER CELLS. AU - Salomon, D S AU - Kim, N AU - Saeki, T AU - Ciardiello, F AD - Lab. Tumor Immunol. and Biol., Div. Cancer Biol., Diagn., and Cent., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 389 EP - 397 VL - 2 IS - 12 KW - c-erbB-2 KW - expression KW - reviews KW - role KW - transforming growth factor- alpha KW - tumorigenesis KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - B 26020:EGF & EGF receptor family/TGF alpha /Her/ErbB-2 (Neu)/ErbB-3/ErbB-4/amphiregulin KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15945785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CANCER+CELLS.&rft.atitle=Transforming+growth+factor-+alpha+%3A+An+oncodevelopmental+growth+factor.&rft.au=Salomon%2C+D+S%3BKim%2C+N%3BSaeki%2C+T%3BCiardiello%2C+F&rft.aulast=Salomon&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CANCER+CELLS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tumorigenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary fibrosis associated with tocainide: Report of a case with literature review. AN - 15930700; 2502529 AB - A report is presented of an 85-yr-old woman who developed severe pulmonary fibrosis while receiving tocainide for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Severe bilateral interstitial fibrosis was documented in this patient by open lung biopsy and at autopsy. Review of the literature revealed other cases with an association between the use of tocainide and the development of pulmonary complications such as pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial pneumonitis, and suggested that clinical improvement occurs when the correct diagnosis is made early and tocainide therapy is stopped immediately. Because tocainide is currently being widely used for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, the pulmonary status of patients receiving tocainide should be monitored closely. Hopefully, awareness of this potential complication of tocainide therapy will minimize the number of cases of serious pulmonary toxicity. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Feinberg, L AU - Travis, W D AU - Ferrans, V AU - Sato, N AU - Bernton, H F AD - Lab. Pathol., NCI, NIH, Build. 10, Room 2N212, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 505 EP - 508 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - tocainide KW - case reports KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - side effects KW - lung KW - fibrosis KW - man KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15930700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+fibrosis+associated+with+tocainide%3A+Report+of+a+case+with+literature+review.&rft.au=Feinberg%2C+L%3BTravis%2C+W+D%3BFerrans%2C+V%3BSato%2C+N%3BBernton%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Feinberg&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - side effects; fibrosis; lung; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low NO sub(x) burner systems. AN - 15926822; 2510731 AB - The article presents the current legislative limits for NO sub(x) emissions, together with a comparison of the units used for the expression of NO sub(x) emission levels. The contribution of the physical and chemical processes giving rise to NO sub(x) production varies over the range of fossil fuels. NO sub(x) control mechanisms incorporated into burner designs must recognise this fact, and this is illustrated in individual burner designs and their application in combustion processes. As well as individual burner modification, operational changes can also make a significant contribution to the control of NO sub(x) emissions from combustion. JF - Energy World AU - Allen, J AD - Spec. Combust. Proj., NEI Int. Combust., Derby, UK Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 13 EP - 15 IS - 183 SN - 0307-7942, 0307-7942 KW - combustion products KW - design KW - burners KW - emissions control KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - energy recovery KW - legislation KW - nitrogen oxides KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15926822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+World&rft.atitle=Low+NO+sub%28x%29+burner+systems.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=183&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+World&rft.issn=03077942&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - legislation; nitrogen oxides; combustion; energy recovery; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pertussis toxin inhibition of anti-immunoglobulin-stimulated proliferation and inositol phosphate formation. AN - 15925887; 2514985 AB - A variety of receptor agonists activate cells by stimulating polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis. Increasing evidence supports the concept that receptor stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis is mediated by a guanosine triphosphate binding protein, which in some cell systems is inhibited by pertussis toxin through ADP-ribosylation. The cross-linking of membrane immunoglobulin by antigen or anti-Ig stimulates phosphoinositide hydrolysis resulting in the formation of inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol which act as second messengers in initiating B lymphocyte activation. In this report, we demonstrate that anti-Ig-stimulated inositol phosphate formation is enhanced by the nonhydrolyzable guanosine triphosphate analogue, GppNHp, in permeabilized B lymphocytes and also inhibited by pretreatment of intact cells with pertussis toxin. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Blank, JA AU - Clar, G C AU - Wiegand, G AU - Luster, MI AD - NIEHS/NIH MD C1-04, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 278 EP - 286 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - inhibition KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - immunoglobulins KW - toxins KW - pertussis KW - lymphocytes B KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15925887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Pertussis+toxin+inhibition+of+anti-immunoglobulin-stimulated+proliferation+and+inositol+phosphate+formation.&rft.au=Blank%2C+JA%3BClar%2C+G+C%3BWiegand%2C+G%3BLuster%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Blank&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxins; immunoglobulins; lymphocytes B; pertussis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel approach for sequential assignment of super(1)H, super(13)C, and super(15)N spectra of larger proteins: Heteronuclear triple-resonance three-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Application to calmodulin. AN - 15915681; 2493021 AB - A novel approach is described for obtaining sequential assignment of the backbone super(1)H, super(13)C, and super(15)N resonances of larger proteins. The approach is demonstrated for the protein calmodulin (16.7 kDa), uniformly ( similar to 95%) labeled with super(15)N and super(13)C. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Ikura, M AU - Kay, LE AU - Bax, A AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 4659 EP - 4667 VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - N.M.R. KW - calmodulin KW - methodology KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15915681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=A+novel+approach+for+sequential+assignment+of+super%281%29H%2C+super%2813%29C%2C+and+super%2815%29N+spectra+of+larger+proteins%3A+Heteronuclear+triple-resonance+three-dimensional+NMR+spectroscopy.+Application+to+calmodulin.&rft.au=Ikura%2C+M%3BKay%2C+LE%3BBax%2C+A&rft.aulast=Ikura&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular mass, biochemical composition, and physicochemical behavior of the infectious form of the scrapie precursor protein monomer. AN - 15914801; 2499296 AB - A highly purified fraction obtained from scrapie (263-K strain)-infected hamsters' brains by an alternative procedure without proteinase K treatment contained a protease-resistant form of the scrapie precursor protein (PrP super(Sc)) and infectivity of 9.9. plus or minus 0.7 log LD sub(50)/ml. Polyclonal antibodies produced against hamster scrapie amyloid protein (PrP27-30) and used in a neutralization test diminished infectivity of the PrP super(Sc) preparations by 1.6 log after intracerebral inoculation and by 1 log after intraperitoneal inoculation. The results correspond to the predicted size, composition, and sequence of PrP super(Sc) and indicate that this protein may be the only component of scrapie infectious unit or the infectious form of scrapie precursor. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Safar, J AU - Wang, W AU - Padgett, M P AU - Ceroni, M AU - Piccardo, P AU - Zopf, D AU - Gajdusek, D C AU - Gibbs, CJ Jr AD - Lab. Cent. Nerv. Syst. Stud., NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 6373 EP - 6377 VL - 87 IS - 165 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - U.V. spectroscopy KW - amino acid sequence KW - high-performance liquid chromatography KW - homogeneity KW - infectivity KW - neutralization KW - scrapie agent KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22032:Viral proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15914801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Molecular+mass%2C+biochemical+composition%2C+and+physicochemical+behavior+of+the+infectious+form+of+the+scrapie+precursor+protein+monomer.&rft.au=Safar%2C+J%3BWang%2C+W%3BPadgett%2C+M+P%3BCeroni%2C+M%3BPiccardo%2C+P%3BZopf%2C+D%3BGajdusek%2C+D+C%3BGibbs%2C+CJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Safar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=165&rft.spage=6373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neutralization; U.V. spectroscopy; amino acid sequence; high-performance liquid chromatography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of the secondary structure and molecular topology of interleukin-1 beta by use of two- and three-dimensional heteronuclear super(15)N- super(1)H NMR spectroscopy. AN - 15909644; 2493002 AB - A study of the regular secondary structure elements of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta has been carried out using NMR spectroscopy. Using a randomly super(15)N labeled sample, a number of heteronuclear three- and two-dimensional NMR experiments have been performed, which have enabled a complete analysis of short-, medium-, and long-range NOEs between protons of the polypeptide backbone. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Driscoll, P C AU - Gronenborn, A M AU - Wingfield, P T AU - Clore, G M AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., Build. 2, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 4668 EP - 4682 VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - N.M.R. KW - determination KW - interleukin 1 beta KW - secondary structure KW - topology KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15909644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+the+secondary+structure+and+molecular+topology+of+interleukin-1+beta+by+use+of+two-+and+three-dimensional+heteronuclear+super%2815%29N-+super%281%29H+NMR+spectroscopy.&rft.au=Driscoll%2C+P+C%3BGronenborn%2C+A+M%3BWingfield%2C+P+T%3BClore%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Driscoll&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of p-chloroaniline in rats and mice. AN - 15909523; 2491946 AB - p-Chloroaniline (PCA) was administered as PCA hydrochloride in water by gavage to groups of ten Fischer 344 rats and ten B6C3F sub(1) mice of each sex for 13 wk. The final body weights of treated mice were similar to those of vehicle controls. In both rats and mice, no treatment-related effects on organ weights were observed at autopsy, except for a dose-related increase in spleen weight. The proportion of haemoglobin in the form of methaemoglobin was increased in dosed groups in both species and resulted in a secondary anaemia, the severity of which was dose related. Compound-related lesions observed histologically in rats and mice, included pigmentation (haemosiderin) in the kidney, spleen and liver and increased haematopoiesis in the liver and spleen and in the bone marrow (in rats but not mice), reflecting the response to the haemolytic anaemia and methaemoglobinaemia induced by PCA. The haematopoietic system is a target of PCA toxicity. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Chhabra, R S AU - Thompson, M AU - Elwell, M R AU - Gerken, D K AD - Exp. Toxicol. Branch, DTRT, NIEHS, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 717 EP - 722 VL - 28 IS - 10 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - p-chloroaniline KW - effects on KW - anaemia KW - rats KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - hemopoietic system KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15909523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+p-chloroaniline+in+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Chhabra%2C+R+S%3BThompson%2C+M%3BElwell%2C+M+R%3BGerken%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Chhabra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hemopoietic system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eseroline, a metabolite of physostigmine, induces neuronal cell death. AN - 15909389; 2496575 AB - The toxic effects of physostigmine, an anticholinesterase drug, and its metabolite eseroline were investigated in three neuronal cell culture systems, mouse neuroblastoma N1E-115, rat glioma C6, and neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid NG 108-15. Physostigmine and eseroline (0.5 mM) elicited a time-dependent leakage of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) from all three cell types. An increased release of ( super(14)C)adenine nucleotides was also detected from cells when they were prelabeled with ( super(14)C)adenine. Eseroline was comparatively more toxic than the parent compound, physostigmine. Eseroline elicited a dose- and time-dependent leakage of LDH and release of adenine nucleotides from the neuronal cells. A nonneuronal cell line, rat liver ARL-15, was comparatively the most resistant cell type to eseroline toxicity. The loss of ATP from N1E-115 cells exceeded 50% when they were treated with 0.3 mM eseroline for 1 hr--at which time the leakage of LDH was not detectable. It seems that eseroline causes neuronal cell death by a mechanism involving loss of cell ATP. Thus, the formation of eseroline may contribute to the toxic effect of physostigmine. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Somani, S M AU - Kutty, R K AU - Krishna, G AD - Sect. Drug-Tissue Interaction, Lab. Chem. Pharmacol., NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 28 EP - 37 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - physostigmine KW - metabolites KW - cells KW - cell culture KW - lactate dehydrogenase KW - mice KW - rats KW - eseroline KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - cell death KW - neuroblastoma cells KW - nerves KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24114:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15909389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Eseroline%2C+a+metabolite+of+physostigmine%2C+induces+neuronal+cell+death.&rft.au=Somani%2C+S+M%3BKutty%2C+R+K%3BKrishna%2C+G&rft.aulast=Somani&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nerves; cell death; neuroblastoma cells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of super(3)H-( plus or minus )-noradrenaline by isolated rat liver cells. AN - 15907758; 2496950 AB - Using hepatocytes isolated by collagenase perfusion, we studied the accumulation of super(3)H-noradrenaline. Cells incubated during 15 min in the presence of 0.4 mu mol/l super(3)H-noradrenaline accumulated 8.32 plus or minus 1.77 pmol/10 super(6) cells (n = 3). The accumulation of super(3)H-noradrenaline in isolated parenchymal liver cells was sensitive to cocaine and desipramine. JF - Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology AU - Acevedo, C AU - Masana, MI AU - Tchercansky, D AU - Rubio, M C AD - Clin. Neurosci. Branch, NIMH, Build. 10, Rm. 2D46, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 40 EP - 44 VL - 342 IS - 1 SN - 0028-1298, 0028-1298 KW - cocaine KW - desipramine KW - effects on KW - liver KW - norepinephrine KW - rats KW - uptake KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15907758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naunyn-Schmiedebergs+Archives+of+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+super%283%29H-%28+plus+or+minus+%29-noradrenaline+by+isolated+rat+liver+cells.&rft.au=Acevedo%2C+C%3BMasana%2C+MI%3BTchercansky%2C+D%3BRubio%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Acevedo&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Naunyn-Schmiedebergs+Archives+of+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00281298&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple tandem promoters of the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1) of Chlamydia psittaci . AN - 15906642; 2497050 AB - The transcription of omp1, the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein, was studied for two strains of Chlamydia psittaci , guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC) and mouse pneumonitis (Mn). The transcriptional initiation sites for the omp1 of each strain were mapped by S1 nuclease and primer extension analyses. Three different sizes of omp1 transcripts were observed for GPIC and four were observed for Mn. The production of these transcripts appeared to be the consequence of multiple tandem promoters. The order in which the omp1 RNA transcripts appeared during the growth cycle of the C. psittaci strains was found to differ from that of C. trachomatis . JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Yuan, Y AU - Zhang, Y AU - Manning, D S AU - Caldwell, H D AD - Lab. Intracell. Parasit., Rocky Mt. Lab., NIAID, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2850 EP - 2855 VL - 58 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Chlamydia psittaci KW - omp1 gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - membrane proteins KW - genes KW - promoters KW - mRNA KW - outer membranes KW - transcription KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15906642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Multiple+tandem+promoters+of+the+major+outer+membrane+protein+gene+%28omp1%29+of+Chlamydia+psittaci+.&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Y%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BManning%2C+D+S%3BCaldwell%2C+H+D&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2850&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - membrane proteins; genes; transcription; promoters; mRNA; outer membranes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recombinant capsular antigen (fraction 1) from Yersinia pestis induces a protective antibody response in BALB/C mice. AN - 15894401; 2490083 AB - Yersinia pestis produces a glycoprotein capsule, the biosynthesis of which appears to be temperature dependent. The fraction I (F1) component of this capsule is specific to Y. pestis and the detection of F1 antibodies is the basis for several serological tests. We report the cloning of the F1 gene and its expression in Escherichia coli using the phagemid vector lambda ZAPII and a F1-specific monoclonal antibody. The recombinant F1 antigen had a molecular weight of 17 kDa, which proved to be identical to that of the F1 antigen produced by Y. pestis . F1 antigen purified from the E. coli recombinant induced a protective immune response in BALB/c mice challenged with up to 10 super(5) virulent Y. pestis). The resistance of immunized mice to plague infection correlated with high titers of F1 antibody. JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene AU - Simpson, W J AU - Thomas, R E AU - Schwan, T G AD - NIAID, Rocky Mt. Lab., Hamilton, MT 59840, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 389 EP - 396 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9637, 0002-9637 KW - Yersinia pestis KW - F1 gene KW - mice KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - plague KW - vaccines KW - cloning KW - genes KW - Escherichia coli KW - capsules KW - antibody response KW - antigens KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization KW - F 06013:Protozoa KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15894401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Recombinant+capsular+antigen+%28fraction+1%29+from+Yersinia+pestis+induces+a+protective+antibody+response+in+BALB%2FC+mice.&rft.au=Simpson%2C+W+J%3BThomas%2C+R+E%3BSchwan%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; capsules; antigens; antibody response; genes; cloning; plague; vaccines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-genotoxic environmental carcinogens. AN - 15892625; 2487638 JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH, PART C: CARCINOG. REV. AU - Lijinsky, W AD - NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., ABL-Basic Res. Program, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 45 EP - 87 VL - C8 IS - 1 KW - carcinogens KW - non-genotoxic environmental carcinogens KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - biochemistry KW - physicochemical properties KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15892625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+C%3A+CARCINOG.+REV.&rft.atitle=Non-genotoxic+environmental+carcinogens.&rft.au=Lijinsky%2C+W&rft.aulast=Lijinsky&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=C8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+C%3A+CARCINOG.+REV.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; biochemistry; physicochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TSH immunoassay: Relationship between glycosylation and bioactivity. AN - 15890313; 2491533 AB - The original technique for the measurement of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was a classical radioimmunoassay utilizing a double antibody separation method. In the last decade there has been the development of so called second generation TSH assays, which are all based on the principle of a sandwich technique utilizing either two mouse monoclonal antibodies against TSH or a combination of a mouse monoclonal and a rabbit polyclonal antibody. In the last few years a third generation of TSH immunoassays has been developed. These assays employ chemoluminescence as the label and require a luminometer for detection of light emission. Despite the considerable advances in sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic performance achievable with second and third generation TSH sandwich assays, there are occasional instances when such assays give artifactually elevated values. These assays are further evaluated in this review. JF - International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrume AU - Weintraub, B D AD - Natl. Inst. Health, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 657 EP - 660 VL - 17 IS - 7 KW - biological activity KW - glycosylation KW - immunoassays KW - reviews KW - screening KW - thyroid KW - thyroid-stimulating hormone KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - N3 11210:HYPOTHALAMIC RELEASING HORMONES AND FACTORS KW - F 06723:Other labelling methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15890313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Radiation+Applications+and+Instrume&rft.atitle=TSH+immunoassay%3A+Relationship+between+glycosylation+and+bioactivity.&rft.au=Weintraub%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Weintraub&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Radiation+Applications+and+Instrume&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; thyroid ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dominant and recessive oncogenes in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. AN - 15886932; 2468587 AU - Minna, J D AD - NCI-Navy Med. Oncol. Branch, Div. Cancer Treat., Natl. Cancer Inst. and Unif. Serv. Univ. Health Sci., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA A2 - Thomassen, DG A2 - Nettesheim, P (eds) Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 288 EP - 305 KW - lung KW - recessive KW - dominant KW - carcinoma KW - oncogenes KW - genes KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - reviews KW - toxicants KW - cancer KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - B 26410:Retinoblastoma gene (RB gene) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15886932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Toxicology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Indicators+Research&rft.atitle=The+strains+and+gains+of+caregiving%3A+An+examination+of+the+effects+of+providing+personal+care+to+a+parent+on+a+range+of+indicators+of+psychological+well-being&rft.au=Hansen%2C+Thomas%3BSlagsvold%2C+Britt%3BIngebretsen%2C+Reidun&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Indicators+Research&rft.issn=03038300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11205-012-0148-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; cancer; toxicants; carcinoma; oncogenes; genes ER - TY - CONF T1 - Overview of the National Cancer Institute's activities related to exposure of the public to fallout from the Nevada Test Site. AN - 15882944; 2464191 AB - The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was directed by Congress to assess the risk of thyroid cancer from super(131)I associated with fallout from the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) was requested by DHHS to address Public Law 97-414, Section 7(a), which directs DHHS to "(1) conduct scientific research and prepare analyses necessary to develop valid and credible assessments of the risks of thyroid cancer that are associated with thyroid doses of Iodine 131; (2) . . .develop. . .methods to estimate the thyroid doses of Iodine 131 that are received by individuals from nuclear bomb fallout; (and) (3). . .develop. . .assessments of the exposure to Iodine 131 that the American people received from the Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests." In addition, the University of Utah, under contract with the NCI, is carrying out a study to determine if the incidence of thyroid disease and leukemia among identified populations in Utah may be related to exposure from fallout originating at the Nevada Test Site. JF - Health Physics AU - Wachholz, B W Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 511 EP - 514 VL - 59 IS - 5 KW - radioactive fallout KW - National Cancer Inst. KW - Nevada KW - thyroid diseases KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - nuclear energy KW - leukemia KW - risk assessment KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SM6.9.1:RADIATION HAZARDS KW - H SI4.22:RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT KW - H SM9.41:RADIATION INJURIES KW - H SM10.27:LEUKEMIA KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15882944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute%27s+activities+related+to+exposure+of+the+public+to+fallout+from+the+Nevada+Test+Site.&rft.au=Wachholz%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Wachholz&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Models of radioiodine transport to populations within the continental U.S. AN - 15881002; 2464352 AB - A methodology is being developed to estimate the exposure of Americans to super(131)I originating from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests carried out at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) during the 1950s and early 1960s. Since very few direct environmental measurements of super(131)I were made at that time, the assessment must rely on estimates of super(131)I deposition based on meteorological modeling and on measurements of total beta activity from the radioactive fallout deposited on gummed-film collectors that were located across the country. The most important source of human exposure from fallout super(131)I was due to the ingestion of cows' milk. The overall methodology used to assess the super(131)I concentration in milk and the super(131)I intake by people on a county basis for the most significant atmospheric tests is presented and discussed. JF - Health Physics AU - Bouville, A AU - Dreicer, M AU - Beck, H L AU - Hoecker, W H AU - Wachholz, B W Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 659 EP - 668 VL - 59 IS - 5 KW - radioisotopes KW - United States KW - Nevada KW - cows KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radioactive fallout KW - iodine KW - milk KW - weapons KW - meteorology KW - environmental monitoring KW - nuclear energy KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SI4.22:RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15881002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Models+of+radioiodine+transport+to+populations+within+the+continental+U.S.&rft.au=Bouville%2C+A%3BDreicer%2C+M%3BBeck%2C+H+L%3BHoecker%2C+W+H%3BWachholz%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Bouville&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does diphtheria toxin have nuclease activity?. AN - 15880311; 2466668 AB - The potent toxicity of diphtheria toxin (DT) is widely attributed to its ability to catalyze the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) resulting in the inhibtion of protein synthesis. Recently, M.P. Chang et al. proposed a second cytotoxic pathway for DT. They reported that DT exhibits a nuclease activity that is stimulated by Ca super(2+) and Mg super(2+), is susceptible to inhibition by antitoxin, and migrates with the A subunit of the toxin. They further suggest that DT-induced cell lysis is not simply a consequence of protein synthesis inhibition, but may instead involve direct chromosomal attack by intracellular toxin molecules. While this is an intriguing proposal, it does not explain why cells that cannot be ADP-ribosylated because of mutations in EF-2 are resistant to DT. JF - Science (Washington) AU - Johnson, V G AD - Surg. Neurol. Branch, NINDS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 832 EP - 834 VL - 250 IS - 4982 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae KW - enzymatic activity KW - toxins KW - deoxyribonuclease KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - diphtheria KW - N 14710:General KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15880311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Does+diphtheria+toxin+have+nuclease+activity%3F.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+V+G&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=4982&rft.spage=832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diphtheria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors that influence mobility, resolution and selectivity in capillary zone electrophoresis. II. The role of the buffers' cation. AN - 15878283; 2462718 AB - The effect of the buffer cation on mobility, resolution and selectivity in capillary zone electrophoresis was investigated. The results show that mobility times of analyte increased with increasing cation size Cs super(+) > Rb super(+) > K super(+) > Na super(+) > Li super(+). JF - Journal of Liquid Chromatography AU - Atamna, I Z AU - Metral, C J AU - Muschik, G M AU - Issaq, HJ AD - Program Resour., Inc., NCI-FCRDC, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2517 EP - 2527 VL - 13 IS - 13 SN - 0148-3919, 0148-3919 KW - buffers KW - capillary zone KW - effects on KW - electrophoresis KW - mobility KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15878283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Liquid+Chromatography&rft.atitle=Factors+that+influence+mobility%2C+resolution+and+selectivity+in+capillary+zone+electrophoresis.+II.+The+role+of+the+buffers%27+cation.&rft.au=Atamna%2C+I+Z%3BMetral%2C+C+J%3BMuschik%2C+G+M%3BIssaq%2C+HJ&rft.aulast=Atamna&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Liquid+Chromatography&rft.issn=01483919&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis in prostitutes in Burkina Faso. AN - 15877630; 2467173 AB - Prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis among 127 prostitutes in Ougadougou, Burkina Faso, was investigated. 22% were positive of syphilis, 20% for intracellular gram negative diplococci, and 17% for Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Demographic data revealed that the prostitutes were a young group, with 69% between 15 and 25 years old. 14% of the women were from Burkina Faso; the majority (73%) were of Ghanaian origin. Our data highlight alarming rates of STDs in prostitutes working in Ouagadougou. Education campaigns which consider sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the prostitutes should be established to reduce these rates. Upgrading of diagnostic capabilities and focal mass drug administration among prostitutes should also be considered. JF - East African Medical Journal AU - Damiba, A E AU - Vermund, SH AU - Kelley, K F AD - Epidemiol. Branch, AIDS Program, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 473 EP - 477 VL - 67 IS - 7 SN - 0012-835X, 0012-835X KW - gonorrhea KW - prostitutes KW - sexual behaviour KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Trichomonas vaginalis KW - Burkina Faso KW - sexually-transmitted diseases KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - trichomoniasis KW - Treponema pallidum KW - syphilis KW - K 03090:Protozoa: human KW - J 02849:Sexually-transmitted diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15877630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=East+African+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+gonorrhoea%2C+syphilis+and+trichomoniasis+in+prostitutes+in+Burkina+Faso.&rft.au=Damiba%2C+A+E%3BVermund%2C+SH%3BKelley%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Damiba&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=East+African+Medical+Journal&rft.issn=0012835X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Treponema pallidum; Trichomonas vaginalis; Burkina Faso; syphilis; trichomoniasis; sexually-transmitted diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional triple-resonance NMR spectroscopy of isotopically enriched proteins. AN - 15873281; 2462580 AB - Four new and complementary three-dimensional triple-resonance experiments are described for obtaining complete backbone super(1)H, super(13)C, and super(15)N resonance assignments of proteins uniformly enriched with super(13)C and super(15)N. The new methods all rely on super(1)H detection and use multiple magnetization transfers through well-resolved one-bone J couplings. Therefore, the 3D experiments are sensitive and permit relatively rapid recording of 3D spectra (1-2 days) for proteins concentrations on the order of 1 mM. JF - J. MAGN. RESONANCE. AU - Kay, LE AU - Ikura, M AU - Tschudin, R AU - Bax, A AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 496 EP - 514 VL - 89 IS - 3 KW - N.M.R. KW - analysis KW - improvements KW - methodology KW - proteins KW - structure KW - three-dimensional KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15873281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+triple-resonance+NMR+spectroscopy+of+isotopically+enriched+proteins.&rft.au=Kay%2C+LE%3BIkura%2C+M%3BTschudin%2C+R%3BBax%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Raf-1 kinase as a transducer of mitogenic signals. AN - 15870086; 2464841 AB - Cells respond to proliferative signals generated by growth factors and oncogenes with a complex array of biochemical and physiological events, culminating in DNA synthesis and cell division. One of the molecules thought to be critical for the transmission and amplification of mitogenic signals from the cell surface to the nucleus is the proto-oncogene product Raf-1. Raf-1 is a serine-threonine kinase that is itself phosphorylated in response to mitogenic stimulation. The phosphorylation state of Raf-1 appears to modulate its kinase activity. Experiments linking Raf-1 to other characterized components of the signal transduction machinery are reviewed here. JF - CANCER CELLS. AU - Morrison, D K AD - ABL-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cencer Res. and Dev. Cent., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 377 EP - 382 VL - 2 IS - 12 KW - cell division KW - genes KW - oncogenes KW - products KW - protein kinase KW - raf-1 KW - raf-1 gene KW - reviews KW - serine-threonine protein kinase KW - signal transduction KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - B 26150:Raf/Mil/Pks oncogenes KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15870086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CANCER+CELLS.&rft.atitle=The+Raf-1+kinase+as+a+transducer+of+mitogenic+signals.&rft.au=Morrison%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CANCER+CELLS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; cell division; genes; signal transduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the maternal environment in determining susceptibility to transplacentally induced chemical carcinogenesis in mouse fetuses. AN - 15868887; 2460524 AB - In order to examine the biochemical and molecular mechanisms responsible for the modulating effect of maternal environment on tumor susceptibility, reciprocal crosses between responsive C57BL/6 and non-responsive DBA/2 mice were made and the pregnant mothers were treated i.p. on the 17th day of gestation with either olive oil alone, 30 mg/kg of MC, or 30 mg/kg of beta -naphthoflavone ( beta NF). The results suggest that the observed increase in tumor susceptibility observed in the offspring of D2 mothers compared to the offspring of B6 mothers was due, at least in part, to the differences in the persistence of induction of the CYPIA1 gene locus, and may be the result of differences in the clearance rates of MC from the fetal and maternal compartments or its pharmacokinetic distribution in the two types of maternal environments. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Miller AU - Jones, AB AU - Chauhan, D P AU - Anderson, L M AD - Perinatal Carcinog. Sect., Lab. Comp. Carcinog., NCI, Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1979 EP - 1984 VL - 11 IS - 11 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - transplacental carcinogenesis KW - maternal environment KW - susceptibility KW - mice KW - 3-methylcholanthrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15868887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+maternal+environment+in+determining+susceptibility+to+transplacentally+induced+chemical+carcinogenesis+in+mouse+fetuses.&rft.au=Miller%3BJones%2C+AB%3BChauhan%2C+D+P%3BAnderson%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HIV infections in SCID mice: Safety considerations. AN - 15861244; 2454476 AB - Two years ago, several research groups developed the means to engraft human cells into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice and then to infect them with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although such mice provide an excellent model for studying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), it was unknown if the animals posed a risk to laboratory researchers who handle them or to the community, should the animals escape. Initially, all experiments using the model to study HIV were conducted in containment facilities having more stringent safeguards than necessary under Public Health Service guidelines. In light of the experience gained in HIV studies in SCID mice, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) sponsored a "Workshop on Biosafety Considerations Associated with HIV Research in the SCID Mouse. "The workshop was held in Keystone, Colo., on 31 March 1990, and participants included basic researchers, biosafety specialists, and administrators from institutions with SCID mouse facilities or those that are planning such facilities. JF - ASM American Society for Microbiology News AU - Milman, G AU - D'Souza, P AD - Pathog. Branch, Div. AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20812, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 639 EP - 642 VL - 56 IS - 12 SN - 0044-7897, 0044-7897 KW - severe combined immunodeficiency KW - experimental infection KW - disease transmission KW - risks KW - mice KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome KW - human immunodeficiency virus KW - risk assessment KW - acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - V 22150:Animal models & experimentally-induced viral infections KW - H SM8.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - V 22005:AIDS: Epidemiological aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15861244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASM+American+Society+for+Microbiology+News&rft.atitle=HIV+infections+in+SCID+mice%3A+Safety+considerations.&rft.au=Milman%2C+G%3BD%27Souza%2C+P&rft.aulast=Milman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASM+American+Society+for+Microbiology+News&rft.issn=00447897&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - human immunodeficiency virus; mice; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Positron emission tomography as a technique for studying the chronic effects of alcohol on the human brain. AN - 15860389; 2454220 AB - Positron emission tomography is a neuroradiographic imaging technique that is beginning to be used to study cerebral pathophysiology in detoxified alcoholics. Localized cerebral glucose utilization in alcoholics at rest is not dramatically affected in comparison to the relatively large alterations in anatomic structure, cognition, and brain electrical activity. It is anticipated that future research studies will include cognitive challenges and utilization pf PET ligands being developed to bind to specific receptors in the brain. JF - Annals of Medicine AU - Eckardt, MJ AU - Rohrbaugh, J W AU - Rio, DE AU - Martin, PR AD - Lab. Clin. Stud., NIAAA, NIH, Build. 10, Rm. 3C102, 900 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 341 EP - 345 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0785-3890, 0785-3890 KW - ethanol KW - alcoholism KW - positron emission tomography KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - brain KW - H SM10.20:ALCOHOLISM KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15860389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Positron+emission+tomography+as+a+technique+for+studying+the+chronic+effects+of+alcohol+on+the+human+brain.&rft.au=Eckardt%2C+MJ%3BRohrbaugh%2C+J+W%3BRio%2C+DE%3BMartin%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Eckardt&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.issn=07853890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; brain; alcoholism; positron emission tomography; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermidine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Biosynthesis and processing of a proenzyme form of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. AN - 15859127; 2463020 AB - We have cloned and sequenced the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. This enzyme contains covalently bound pyruvate which is essential for enzymatic activity. This enzyme is synthesized as a M sub(r) 46,000 proenzyme which is then cleaved post-translationally to form two polypeptide chains: a beta -subunit (M sub(r) 10,000) from the amino-terminal portion and an alpha subunit (M sub(r) 36,000) from the carboxyl-terminal portion. From a comparison of the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence with the amino acid sequence of the amino-terminal portion of each subunit (determined by Edman degradation), we have identified the cleavage site of the proenzyme as the peptide bond between glutamic acid 87 and serine 88. The pyruvate moiety, essential for activity, is generated from serine 88 during the cleavage. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Kashiwagi, K AU - Teneja, S K AU - Liu, Teh-Yung AU - Tabor, C W AU - Tabor, H AD - Sect. Pharmacol., Lab. Biochem. Pharmacol., NIDDK, Build. 8, Rm. 223, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 22321 EP - 22328 VL - 265 IS - 36 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase KW - amino acid sequence KW - biosynthesis KW - proenzyme KW - spermidine KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - K 03020:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15859127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Spermidine+biosynthesis+in+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+.+Biosynthesis+and+processing+of+a+proenzyme+form+of+S-adenosylmethionine+decarboxylase.&rft.au=Kashiwagi%2C+K%3BTeneja%2C+S+K%3BLiu%2C+Teh-Yung%3BTabor%2C+C+W%3BTabor%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kashiwagi&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=22321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amino acid sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - L-tryptophan implicated in human eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome causes fasciitis and perimyositis in the Lewis rat. AN - 15858659; 2453794 AB - In this study, implicated L-TRP, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) grade L-TRP, or vehicle was administered by gavage in a blinded fashion for 38 d to female Lewis rats at doses comparable with those ingested by patients who developed the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. Animals receiving implicated L-TRP, but not those receiving USP grade L-TRP or vehicle, developed histologic signs consistent with fasciitis and perimyositis, specific pathologic features of human L-TRP-EMS. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was not observed. Hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone mRNA levels were lower and plasma corticosterone levels tended to be lower in the animals that received implicated L-TRP. Plasma L-kynurenine was higher in both L-TRP-treated group compared to the vehicle-treated animals. JF - Journal of Clinical Investigation AU - Crofford, L J AU - Rader, JI AU - Dalakas, M C AU - Hill, RH Jr AU - Page, S W AU - Needham, L L AU - Brady, L S AU - Heyes, M P AU - Sternberg, E M AD - NIMH, Build. 10, Room 3S231, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1757 EP - 1763 VL - 86 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - L-tryptophan KW - perimyositis KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - fasciitis KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15858659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.atitle=L-tryptophan+implicated+in+human+eosinophilia-myalgia+syndrome+causes+fasciitis+and+perimyositis+in+the+Lewis+rat.&rft.au=Crofford%2C+L+J%3BRader%2C+JI%3BDalakas%2C+M+C%3BHill%2C+RH+Jr%3BPage%2C+S+W%3BNeedham%2C+L+L%3BBrady%2C+L+S%3BHeyes%2C+M+P%3BSternberg%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Crofford&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fasciitis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ethylene glycol monobutyl and monophenyl ether reproductive toxicity using a continuous breeding protocol in Swiss CD-1 mice. AN - 15843863; 2430156 AB - A continuous breeding reproduction study design was utilized to examine the reproductive toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (EGPE). Both the high- and mid-dose animals produced fewer litters/pair, fewer pups/litter, with decreased pup weight. These effects occurred in the presence of decreased body weight, decreased water consumption, and increased kidney weight. A crossover mating trial indicated that the reproductive effects could be attributed primarily to an effect on the female. This was substantiated at necropsy where testes and epididymis weights were normal as were sperm number and motility. Fertility of the offspring of the 0.5% group was normal in the presence of increased liver weights. With respect to EGPE, there was no change in the ability to produce five litters during the continuous breeding period. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Heindel, J J AU - Gulati, D K AU - Russell, V S AU - Reel, J R AU - Lawton, AD AU - Lamb, JC IV AD - Dev. and Reprod. Toxicol. Group, Natl. Toxicol. Program, NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 683 EP - 696 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - butyl cellosolve KW - effects on KW - 2-phenoxyethanol KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reproduction KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Economic+Review&rft.atitle=Rational+Decision+Making+in+Business+Organizations&rft.au=Simon%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1979-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+Economic+Review&rft.issn=00028282&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hemagglutination activities of purified pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin against erythrocytes from various animals. AN - 15840345; 2430995 AB - The hemagglutinating (HA) activities of purified pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) were evaluated against unfixed and glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes from ox, goose, horse, monkey, sheep, chicken, and rabbit. Both PT and FHA showed HA activities against fixed and unfixed erythrocytes from all the animals studied. The HA titers of FHA were higher than those of PT. The HA activities of FHA and PT were not destroyed completely even after heating these preparations at 56 C for 30 min. A simple test for the assay of PT in culture supernatants of Bordetella pertussis on the basis of HA activity has been described. JF - Microbiology and Immunology AU - Gupta, R K AU - Saxena, S N AU - Sharma, S B AU - Ahuja, S AD - Lab. Dev. and Mol. Immunity, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 795 EP - 799 VL - 34 IS - 9 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - glutaraldehyde KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - erythrocytes KW - toxins KW - hemagglutination KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15840345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=Hemagglutination+activities+of+purified+pertussis+toxin+and+filamentous+hemagglutinin+against+erythrocytes+from+various+animals.&rft.au=Gupta%2C+R+K%3BSaxena%2C+S+N%3BSharma%2C+S+B%3BAhuja%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hemagglutination; toxins; erythrocytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics of N-nitrosodimethylamine in the Syrian golden hamster. AN - 15839080; 2430127 AB - The single-dose toxicokinetics of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) has been characterized in 8-week-old male Syrian golden hamsters by analysis using high performance liquid chromatography of serial blood samples. An i.v. bolus dose of 4.2 mu mol/kg ( super(14) C)NDMA revealed biphasic first-order elimination with a terminal half-life of 8.7 min for unchanged NDMA and 31.5 min for total radioactivity, and evidence for conversion to polar metabolites was seen in the chromatographic assays. The systemic blood clearance and apparent steady-state volume of distribution for unchanged NDMA were 51.2 ml/min/kg and 582 ml/kg, respectively. No unchanged NDMA was detected in the urine following an i.v. bolus dose of 15 mu mol/kg ( super(14) C)NDMA, but 31% of the total radioactivity was eliminated by that route. A dose of 38 mu mol/kg given by gavage indicated a systemic bioavailability of 11% for unchanged NDMA. JF - Archives of Toxicology AU - Streeter, A J AU - Nims, R W AU - Wu, P P AU - Logsdon, D L AD - Chem. Sect., Lab. Comp. Carcinog., NCI, Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 562 EP - 566 VL - 64 IS - 7 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - N-nitrosodimethylamine KW - toxicokinetics KW - hamsters KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15839080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+of+N-nitrosodimethylamine+in+the+Syrian+golden+hamster.&rft.au=Streeter%2C+A+J%3BNims%2C+R+W%3BWu%2C+P+P%3BLogsdon%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Streeter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs): More than just 1, 2, 3. AN - 15832786; 2428780 AB - The insulin-like growth factors, IGF-I and IGF-II, are single chain polypeptides which are structurally related to insulin and play an important role in mediating the local mitogenic actions of growth hormone, as well as having distinct local autocrine and paracrine functions. As the name implies, they possess overlapping biological activities with insulin, but unlike insulin, are synthesized in many tissues in fetal and adult animals. Though the classical actions of IGFs are thought to be endocrine, physiologically important IGF concentrations may be generated at the tissue level. JF - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology AU - Ooi, Guck T AD - Build. 10/Rm. 8D14 MCNEB, NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - C39 EP - C43 VL - 71 IS - 2 SN - 0303-7207, 0303-7207 KW - insulin-like growth factor-binding protein KW - properties KW - reviews KW - role KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - N3 11290:ANDROGENS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15832786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Insulin-like+growth+factor-binding+proteins+%28IGFBPs%29%3A+More+than+just+1%2C+2%2C+3.&rft.au=Ooi%2C+Guck+T&rft.aulast=Ooi&rft.aufirst=Guck&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=C39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Endocrinology&rft.issn=03037207&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The E6 oncoprotein encoded by human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 promotes the degradation of p53. AN - 15831998; 2428694 AB - The E6 protein encoded by the oncogenic human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 is one of two viral products expressed in HPV-associated cancers. E6 is an oncoprotein which cooperates with E7 to immortalize primary human keratinocytes. Insight into the mechanism by which E6 functions in oncogenesis is provided by the observation that the E6 protein encoded by HPV-16 and HPV-18 can complex the wild-type p53 protein in vitro. Wild-type p53 gene has tumor suppressor properties, and is a target for several of the oncoproteins encoded by DNA tumor viruses. In this study we demonstrate that the E6 proteins of the oncogenic HPVs that bind p53 stimulate the degradation of p53. The E6-promoted degradation of p53 is ATP dependent and involves the ubiquitin-dependent protease system. Selective degradation of cellular proteins such as p53 with negative regulatory functions provides a novel mechanism of action for dominant-acting oncoproteins. JF - Cell AU - Scheffner, M AU - Werness, BA AU - Huibregtse, J M AU - Levine, A J AU - Howley, P M AD - Lab. Tumor Virus Biol., NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1129 EP - 1136 VL - 63 IS - 6 SN - 0092-8674, 0092-8674 KW - E6 protein KW - degradation KW - effects on KW - p53 protein KW - papilloma virus (human) 16 KW - papilloma virus (human) 18 KW - protein E6 KW - protein p53 KW - stimulation KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - B 26210:Cellular protein p53 KW - B 26270:Papillomaviruses KW - V 22114:Human oncogenic viruses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15831998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=The+E6+oncoprotein+encoded+by+human+papillomavirus+types+16+and+18+promotes+the+degradation+of+p53.&rft.au=Scheffner%2C+M%3BWerness%2C+BA%3BHuibregtse%2C+J+M%3BLevine%2C+A+J%3BHowley%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Scheffner&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell&rft.issn=00928674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunologic and proteolytic analysis of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase structure. AN - 15824581; 2430423 AB - HIV-1 virions contain two reverse transcriptase polypeptides that have apparent molecular weights of 66 and 51 kDa. The 51-kDa form lacks the carboxy-terminal sequences found in the 66-kDa form, and is believed to be a proteolytic digestion product. We have treated purified 66-kDa reverse transcriptase with viral and nonviral proteases. The digestion products were characterized by their ability to react with monoclonal antibodies known to recognize particular segments of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The approximate location of the segments recognized by the monoclonal antibodies was determined by testing the ability of the antibodies to recognize a series of amino- and carboxy-terminal-deleted forms of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. We suggest that these segments are probably on the surface of the properly fold form of reverse transcriptase. Of the tested proteases, only the viral protease was able to cleave the 66-kDa form to the 51-kDa form without producing additional cleavage products, suggesting that the viral protease cleaves the 66-kDa protein to the 51-kDa form in virions. JF - Virology AU - Ferris, AL AU - Hizi, A AU - Showalter, S D AU - Pichuantes, S AU - Babe, L AU - Craik, C S AU - Hughes, SH AD - Prog. Res., Inc., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Fac., Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 456 EP - 464 VL - 175 IS - 2 SN - 0042-6822, 0042-6822 KW - RNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - digestion KW - human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - monoclonal antibodies KW - proteolysis KW - structure KW - virions KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - N 14722:DNA polymerases KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15824581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=Immunologic+and+proteolytic+analysis+of+HIV-1+reverse+transcriptase+structure.&rft.au=Ferris%2C+AL%3BHizi%2C+A%3BShowalter%2C+S+D%3BPichuantes%2C+S%3BBabe%2C+L%3BCraik%2C+C+S%3BHughes%2C+SH&rft.aulast=Ferris&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=00426822&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - virions; monoclonal antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of putative cytoskeletal proteins from a trypanosomatid and their comparative binding to microtubules and soluble tubulin. AN - 15824288; 2434936 AB - The corset of microtubules which encloses the cell body of Crithidia fasciculata displays cross-links joining tubules to each other and to plasma membrane. Two proteins, designated COP-33 and COP-61 on the basis of their subunit M sub(r) values, have been considered putative components of the apparatus because of their abundance in isolated cytoskeleton and their ability to cross-link brain microtubules in vitro. The oligomeric structures of the native proteins have now been characterized, and they have been shown to be basic, rather symmetrical, and to require detergent for solubilization. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Kambadur, R AU - Lewis, M AU - Chang, Sulie AU - Flavin, M AD - Lab. Biochem., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 20959 EP - 20965 VL - 265 IS - 34 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - COP-33 protein KW - COP-61 protein KW - Crithidia fasciculata KW - brain KW - cross-linking KW - cytoskeleton KW - microtubules KW - tubulin KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - K 03027:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15824288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+putative+cytoskeletal+proteins+from+a+trypanosomatid+and+their+comparative+binding+to+microtubules+and+soluble+tubulin.&rft.au=Kambadur%2C+R%3BLewis%2C+M%3BChang%2C+Sulie%3BFlavin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kambadur&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=20959&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microtubules; cytoskeleton; brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide phenotype among Salmonella typhi strains. AN - 15824177; 2431277 AB - Comparison of the Vi antigen, lipopolysaccharide, and protein components of the cell surface of three strains of Salmonella typhi showed that differences in lipopolysaccharide contributed most to distinctions in serum survival, whereas differences in Vi antigen content had no apparent effect. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - Jimenez-Lucho, V AU - Foulds, J AD - Lab. Struct. Biol., NIH, NIDDK, Build. 8, Rm. 106, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 763 EP - 764 VL - 162 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - Salmonella typhi KW - heterogeneity KW - lipopolysaccharides KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - chromatography KW - cell surface KW - gel electrophoresis KW - antigens KW - autoradiography KW - J 02730:Carbohydrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15824177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Heterogeneity+of+lipopolysaccharide+phenotype+among+Salmonella+typhi+strains.&rft.au=Jimenez-Lucho%2C+V%3BFoulds%2C+J&rft.aulast=Jimenez-Lucho&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antigens; cell surface; gel electrophoresis; autoradiography; chromatography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasive fusariosis associated with an injury by a stingray barb. AN - 15821273; 2421036 AB - Fusarium are common soil saprophytes and plant pathogens. In human infection, Fusarium have been known to colonize the cornea, nails and burn eschars in otherwise healthy individuals. Invasive or disseminated infection caused by Fusarium have almost always been reported in immunosuppressed patients, often associated with indwelling catheters. We report here an interesting case of invasive Fusarium solani infection in a previously healthy person who received an injury by a stingray (Dasyatidae ) barb. A previously healthy adult male suffered a wound to the dorsal ulnar aspect of his right hand by a stingray barb while fishing off the East coast of Florida. Two weeks after the imbedded barb had been surgically removed, an erythematous lesion developed around the wound. Histopathologic and microbiological studies revealed infection caused by F. solani . The patient was successfully treated with debridement and skin grafting in conjunction with ketoconazole therapy. JF - Journal of Medical & Veterinary Mycology AU - Hiemenz, J W AU - Kennedy, B AU - Kwon-Chung, K J AD - Lab. Clin. Invest., NIAID, Build. 10, Rm. 11N104, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 209 EP - 213 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0268-1218, 0268-1218 KW - Dasyatidae KW - Fusarium solani KW - human diseases KW - human physiology KW - injuries KW - man KW - mycosis KW - saprophytes KW - wound infection KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - USA, Florida KW - noxious organisms KW - public health KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - K 03087:Fungi: human KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q2 09346:Dangerous organisms KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15821273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+%26+Veterinary+Mycology&rft.atitle=Invasive+fusariosis+associated+with+an+injury+by+a+stingray+barb.&rft.au=Hiemenz%2C+J+W%3BKennedy%2C+B%3BKwon-Chung%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Hiemenz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+%26+Veterinary+Mycology&rft.issn=02681218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - noxious organisms; human physiology; human diseases; public health; mycosis; saprophytes; wound infection; Dasyatidae; Fusarium solani; ASW, USA, Florida; USA, Florida; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of indo-1 and quin-2 as spectroscopic probes for Zn super(2+)-protein interactions. AN - 15820452; 2432094 AB - 1-(2-Amino-5-(6-carboxyindol-2-yl)phenoxyl)-2-(2'-amino-5'-methylp henoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (indo-1) and 2-(2-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino-5-methylphenoxy)methyl)-6-methyl-8-( bis-(carboxymethyl)amino)quinoline (quin-2) are sensitive, spectral indicators for Zn super(2+). Zn super(2+) binding constants for unstable proteins with high affinities for Zn super(2+) can be measured at neutral pH by rapid equilibrium with excess indo-1. With excess quin-2, the procedure must be modified to take into account the interference from protein absorbance. JF - Analytical Biochemistry AU - Jefferson, J R AU - Hunt, J B AU - Ginsburg, A AD - Lab. Biochem., NHLBI, NIH, Build. 3, Rm. 208, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 328 EP - 336 VL - 187 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - indo-1 KW - interaction KW - probes KW - proteins KW - quin-2 KW - spectroscopy KW - zinc KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15820452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+indo-1+and+quin-2+as+spectroscopic+probes+for+Zn+super%282%2B%29-protein+interactions.&rft.au=Jefferson%2C+J+R%3BHunt%2C+J+B%3BGinsburg%2C+A&rft.aulast=Jefferson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specificity switching of the P1 plasmid centromere-like site. AN - 15819734; 2424595 AB - The P1 plasmid partition site acts like a centromere, promoting accurate segregation of copies to daughter cells. A 34 bp segment is essential for partition and binds the plasmid ParB protein. Additional sequences act as specificity elements that direct the choice of copies for partition. They include a second ParB binding site and a site for the host integration host factor protein. Sites lacking one or more of these additional elements are switched to a different specificity. Defined mutants were scored for partition specificity and protein binding. The results suggest that the wild-type site is folded in a specific DNA-protein complex. JF - EMBO Journal AU - Davis, MA AU - Martin, KA AU - Austin, S J AD - Lab. Chromosome Biol., BRI-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Facil., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 991 EP - 998 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0261-4189, 0261-4189 KW - plasmids KW - P1 plasmid KW - centromeres KW - like KW - sites KW - specificity KW - partition KW - switching KW - IHF protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - N 14920:Chromatin & chromosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15819734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EMBO+Journal&rft.atitle=Specificity+switching+of+the+P1+plasmid+centromere-like+site.&rft.au=Davis%2C+MA%3BMartin%2C+KA%3BAustin%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EMBO+Journal&rft.issn=02614189&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential ATP requirements distinguish the DNA translocation and DNA unwinding activities of the Escherichia coli PRI A protein. AN - 15819352; 2421843 AB - The Escherichia coli primosome is a mobile multi-protein DNA replication-priming apparatus that assembles at a specific site (termed a primosome assembly site (PAS)) on single-stranded DNA-binding protein-coated single-stranded DNA. The PRI A protein (factor Y, protein n') is a PAS sequence-specific (d)ATPase as well as a DNA helicase and is believed to direct the assembly of the primosome at a PAS. In this report, the PRI A DNA helicase reaction is dissected in vitro, by use of a strand displacement assay, into three steps with distinct ATP requirements. First, the PRI A protein gains entry to the DNA via an ATP-independent, PAS sequence-specific binding event. Second, the PRI A protein translocates along the single-stranded DNA in the 3' arrow right 5' direction at a maximal rate of 90 nucleotides/s. DNA translocation requires ATP hydrolysis. The ATP concentration required to support half of the maximal translocation rate is 100 mu M, which is identical to the K sub(m) for ATP of the PRI A protein DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Finally, the PRI A protein unwinds duplex DNA. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Lee, Myung Soo AU - Marians, K J AD - Lab. Mol. Biol., NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 17078 EP - 17083 VL - 265 IS - 28 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA KW - translocation KW - unwinding KW - activities KW - ATP KW - requirements KW - PRI A protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02725:DNA KW - N 14731:DNA-unwinding enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15819352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Differential+ATP+requirements+distinguish+the+DNA+translocation+and+DNA+unwinding+activities+of+the+Escherichia+coli+PRI+A+protein.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Myung+Soo%3BMarians%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Myung&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=17078&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of N-nitrosodiethanolamine contamination in American metal-working lubricants. AN - 15809790; 2422930 AB - The potent carcinogen N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) was discovered as a contaminant of commercial metal-working lubricants over a decade ago. To determine whether or not improvements in industrial practice suggested in the meantime have eliminated this contamination from United States products, a selection of cutting fluids obtained from the current marketplace was analysed for NDELA content. All six semi-synthetic fluid examined contained NDELA at level ranging from 0.5 to 4.3 ppm. Three of six petroleum-based lubricants and five of six synthetics also contained significant NDELA (when analysed at a detection limit of 0.03 ppm), at levels of up to 0.16 and 55 ppm, respectively. The mean concentrations were 1.5 ppm for the semi-synthetics, 0.07 ppm for the petroleum-based products, and 11.4 ppm for the synthetic metal-working fluids. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Keefer, L K AU - Goff, U AU - Stevens, J AU - Bennett, E O AD - Chem. Sect., Lab. Comp. Carcinog., NCI, Frederick Cancer Res. Fac., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 531 EP - 534 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - lubricants KW - n-nitrosodiethanolamine KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - contamination KW - occupational health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15809790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+N-nitrosodiethanolamine+contamination+in+American+metal-working+lubricants.&rft.au=Keefer%2C+L+K%3BGoff%2C+U%3BStevens%2C+J%3BBennett%2C+E+O&rft.aulast=Keefer&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational health; contamination; carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of sulfonamide and sulfone compounds with Toxoplasma gondii dihydropteroate synthase. AN - 15808497; 2398951 AB - This study demonstrates that the dihydropteroate synthase in T. gondii is kinetically distinct from the enzyme characterized from other sources and can be highly purified with a high yield using sequential dye-affinity chromatography. Conditions have been identified that allow for stabilization of the purified enzyme, and its physical characteristics have been elucidated. The sulfonamide class of compounds vary in inhibitory potency by more than three orders of magnitude. Sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC sub(50)'s) of 1.7, 2.7, and 5.7 mu M, respectively, represent the most potent of this class of inhibitors. Several sulfone analogues, including dapsone, were identified as highly potent inhibitors with IC sub(50)'s < 1 mu M. These studies suggest that the sulfones may be important therapeutic agents for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. JF - Journal of Clinical Investigation AU - Allegra, C J AU - Boarman, D AU - Kovacs, JA AU - Morrison, P AU - Beaver, J AU - Chabner, BA AU - Masur, H AD - NCI, NIH, Build. 10, Rm. 12N226, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 371 EP - 379 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - antiprotozoal agents KW - characterization KW - dihydropteroate synthase KW - interaction KW - purification KW - sulfonamides KW - sulfones KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - K 03022:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15808497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+sulfonamide+and+sulfone+compounds+with+Toxoplasma+gondii+dihydropteroate+synthase.&rft.au=Allegra%2C+C+J%3BBoarman%2C+D%3BKovacs%2C+JA%3BMorrison%2C+P%3BBeaver%2C+J%3BChabner%2C+BA%3BMasur%2C+H&rft.aulast=Allegra&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antiprotozoal agents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of arginine vasopressin in alcohol tolerance. AN - 15807979; 2415488 AB - Administration of the neuropeptide, arginine vasopressin, to animals that have acquired functional tolerance to ethanol will maintain such tolerance, even in the absence of further ethanol ingestion by the animals. In mice, this action of the peptide is mediated by central nervous system V sub(1) receptors and requires intact brain noradrenergic systems. Autoradiographic studies have shown that some V sub(1) receptors are localized presynaptically on catecholaminergic neuronal terminals in the mouse lateral septum, suggesting that vasopressin may act via modulation of catecholamine release. In addition, vasopressin has been found to increase mRNA levels for the proto-oncogene, c-fos, in septum and hippocampus, possibly by an action at postsynaptic receptors. Expression of c-fos, which has been hypothesized to play a role in central nervous system neuroadaptation, could transform short-term actions of vasopressin into long-term effects of ethanol tolerance. Studies with vasopressin antagonists indicate that the endogenous peptide influences tolerance. JF - Annals of Medicine AU - Hoffman, P L AU - Ishizawa, H AU - Giri, PR AU - Dave, J R AU - Grant, KA AU - Liu, Li-Ing AU - Gulya, K AU - Tabakoff, B AD - DICBR/NIAAA, 12501 Washington Ave., Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 269 EP - 274 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0785-3890, 0785-3890 KW - ethanol KW - vasopressin, arginine- KW - arginine vasopressin KW - mice KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - central nervous system KW - tolerance KW - N3 11094:Central nervous system KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15807979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+role+of+arginine+vasopressin+in+alcohol+tolerance.&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+P+L%3BIshizawa%2C+H%3BGiri%2C+PR%3BDave%2C+J+R%3BGrant%2C+KA%3BLiu%2C+Li-Ing%3BGulya%2C+K%3BTabakoff%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Medicine&rft.issn=07853890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tolerance; central nervous system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the dissociation process of the inhibitor methotrexate from the methotrexate-Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase complex by using molecular dynamics and semiempirical molecular orbital methods. AN - 15807038; 2400549 AB - NADPH-dependent dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) catalyzes the two-stage reduction of folate to the vital coenzyme tetrahydrofolate. DHFR inhibitors such as aminopterin or amethopterin (methotrexate) have demonstrated clinical utility in the treatment of acute leukemia and choriocarcinoma. We employed molecular dynamic simulation techniques and semiempirical calculations to investigate the dissociation process of methotrexate (MTX) from the MTX-DHFR complex of Lactobacillus casei . The simulation enables the researcher to examine time dependent conformational and electronic changes of the MTX-DHFR complex during the dissociation process. JF - Drug Information Journal AU - Syi, Jia-Lin AU - Gussio, R AU - Chen, Jih-Hsiang AD - Adv. Sci. Comput. Lab., PRI, NCI, Frederick Cancer Res. Facil., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 713 EP - 725 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0092-8615, 0092-8615 KW - Lactobacillus casei KW - complex KW - dihydrofolate reductase KW - dissociation KW - folic acid KW - inhibitors KW - mathematical models KW - methotrexate KW - reduction KW - tetrahydrofolate KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15807038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Drug+Information+Journal&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+dissociation+process+of+the+inhibitor+methotrexate+from+the+methotrexate-Lactobacillus+casei+dihydrofolate+reductase+complex+by+using+molecular+dynamics+and+semiempirical+molecular+orbital+methods.&rft.au=Syi%2C+Jia-Lin%3BGussio%2C+R%3BChen%2C+Jih-Hsiang&rft.aulast=Syi&rft.aufirst=Jia-Lin&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+Information+Journal&rft.issn=00928615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The emerging biology of modern radiation oncology. AN - 15805181; 2413081 AB - Modern cancer radiobiology has identified a number of innovations toward improvement of radiation treatment; however, in this brief review we will focus on only four of many areas of investigation: the complex interaction of tumor and inherent cellular radiosensitivity; chemical modifiers of radiation response; biological modifiers; and therapeutic radioimmunoconjugates. For all our efforts, the oncological effort remains unchanged from decades ago: benefiting the patient by increasing the therapeutic index. JF - Cancer Research AU - Goffman, TE AU - Raubitschek, A AU - Mitchell, J B AU - Glatstein, E AD - Radiat. Oncol. Branch/NCI, Build. 10, Rm. B3-B69, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 7735 EP - 7744 VL - 50 IS - 24 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - oncology KW - tumours KW - biology KW - nuclear medicine KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - radiation KW - H SM7.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15805181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=The+emerging+biology+of+modern+radiation+oncology.&rft.au=Goffman%2C+TE%3BRaubitschek%2C+A%3BMitchell%2C+J+B%3BGlatstein%2C+E&rft.aulast=Goffman&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=7735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of inhibitor binding in HIV-1 protease and in non-viral aspartic proteases: The role of the flap. AN - 15804396; 2410557 AB - The crystal structure of HIV-1 protease with an inhibitor has been compared with the structures of non-viral aspartic proteases complexed with inhibitors. In the dimeric HIV-1 protease, two 4-stranded beta -sheets are formed by half of the inhibitor, residues 27-29, and the flap from each monomer. In the monomeric non-viral enzyme the single flap does not form a beta -sheet with an inhibitor. The HIV-1 protease shows more interactions with a longer peptide inhibitor than are observed in non-viral aspartic protease-inhibitor complexes. This, and the large movement of the flaps, restricts the conformation of the protease cleavage sites in the retroviral polyprotein precursor. JF - FEBS Letters AU - Gustchina, A AU - Weber, I T AD - Crystallog. Lab., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., ABL-Basic Res. Prog., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 269 EP - 272 VL - 269 IS - 1 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - binding KW - computer applications KW - conformation KW - crystals KW - human immunodeficiency virus KW - inhibitors KW - proteinase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15804396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+Letters&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+inhibitor+binding+in+HIV-1+protease+and+in+non-viral+aspartic+proteases%3A+The+role+of+the+flap.&rft.au=Gustchina%2C+A%3BWeber%2C+I+T&rft.aulast=Gustchina&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+Letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystals; inhibitors; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the ATP binding site on Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Affinity labeling of Lys-103 and Lys-110 of the B subunit by pyridoxal 5'-diphospho-5'-adenosine. AN - 15803778; 2407465 AB - We have labeled the adenosine triphosphate binding site of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase with the ATP affinity analog, ( super(3)H)pyridoxal 5'-diphospho-5'-adenosine (PLP-AMP). PLP-AMP strongly inhibits the ATPase and DNA supercoiling activities of DNA gyrase, with 50% inhibition occurring at 7.5 mu M inhibitor. ATP and ADP compete with PLP-AMP for binding and protect the enzyme against inhibition. The labeling appears to proceed by a Schiff base complex between the 4-formyl group of the pyridoxyl moiety of PLP-AMP and a protein primary amino group, since the inhibition and reagent labeling are reversible unless the complex is treated with NaBH sub(4). Complete inactivation is estimated to occur upon to covalent incorporation of 2 mol of inhibitor/mol of gyrase. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Tamura, J K AU - Gellert, M AD - Lab. Mol. Biol., NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 21342 EP - 21349 VL - 265 IS - 34 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing) KW - ATP KW - binding KW - sites KW - affinity labelling KW - characterization KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - N 14731:DNA-unwinding enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15803778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+ATP+binding+site+on+Escherichia+coli+DNA+gyrase.+Affinity+labeling+of+Lys-103+and+Lys-110+of+the+B+subunit+by+pyridoxal+5%27-diphospho-5%27-adenosine.&rft.au=Tamura%2C+J+K%3BGellert%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tamura&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=21342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls and the developing nervous system: Cross-species comparisons. AN - 15801874; 2417162 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls are stable, lipophilic industrial compounds that are present in residue levels in human tissue, wildlife, and freshwater sediment. They are toxic, and cross the placenta and intoxicate the fetus. Two large outbreaks of PCB poisoning have occurred in Asia; women pregnant at or after the exposures had children who were developmentally impaired. Laboratory experiments in rhesus monkeys and rodents, designed to assess neural or developmental effects, show altered activity levels, impaired learning, and delayed ontogeny of reflexes. Children exposed transplacentally to levels considered to be background in the U.S. have hypotonia and hyporeflexia at birth, delay in psychomotor development at 6 and 12 months, and poorer visual recognition memory at 7 months. Allowing for differences in testing, effects are roughly similar across species, but current methods used to calculate allowable or reference doses give results up to 4 orders of magnitude apart, with the lowest level based on the neurotoxicology level coming from the human data. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Tilson, HA AU - Jacobson, J L AU - Rogan, W J AD - Mail Drop A3-05, Epidemiol. Branch, NIEHS, P.O.B. 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 239 EP - 248 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - PCB KW - comparison KW - nervous system KW - development KW - man KW - PCB compounds KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - animals KW - neurotoxicity KW - N3 11101:General KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - N3 11041:General KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15801874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+and+the+developing+nervous+system%3A+Cross-species+comparisons.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+HA%3BJacobson%2C+J+L%3BRogan%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; animals; PCB compounds; nervous system; development; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray crystallographic structure of a complex between a synthetic protease of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and a substrate-based hydroxyethylamine inhibitor. AN - 15801466; 2409860 AB - The structure of a crystal complex of the chemically synthesized protease of human immunodeficiency virus 1 with a heptapeptide-derived inhibitor bound in the active site has been determined. The bound inhibitor diastereomer has the S configuration at the hydroxy-ethylamine chiral carbon, and the hydroxyl group is positioned between the active site aspartate carboxyl groups within hydrogen bonding distance. Comparison of this structure with a reduced peptide bond inhibitor-protease complex indicates that these contacts confer the exceptional binding strength of JG-365. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Swain, AL AU - Miller, M M AU - Green, J AU - Rich, D H AU - Schneider, J AU - Kent, SBH AU - Wlodawer, A AD - Crystallogr. Lab., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Dev. Cent., ABL-Basic Res. Program, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 8805 EP - 8809 VL - 87 IS - 22 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - crystallography KW - human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - hydroxylamine KW - inhibitors KW - proteinase KW - structure KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15801466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=X-ray+crystallographic+structure+of+a+complex+between+a+synthetic+protease+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus+1+and+a+substrate-based+hydroxyethylamine+inhibitor.&rft.au=Swain%2C+AL%3BMiller%2C+M+M%3BGreen%2C+J%3BRich%2C+D+H%3BSchneider%2C+J%3BKent%2C+SBH%3BWlodawer%2C+A&rft.aulast=Swain&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=8805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhibitors; crystallography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Independent expression and cellular processing of M sub(r) 72,000 type IV collagenase and interstitial collagenase in human tumorigenic cell lines. AN - 15801421; 2402572 AB - In regulation of M sub(r) 72,000 type IV collagenase and interstitial collagenase expression was studied in vitro. Three tumorigenic human cell lines were used, together with human fetal lung fibroblasts as a nontumorigenic control. The results demonstrate that the M sub(r) 72,000 type IV collagenase is under the control of different regulatory elements from interstitial collagenase, at the level of both mRNA expression and cellular processing, and that this processing appears to be the result of a phorbol ester and TGF- beta 1-inducible cellular activation mechanism. The ratio of active enzyme species to latent M sub(r) 72,000 proenzyme may provide a better correlation with invasive potential than overall levels of this widely expressed metalloproteinase. JF - Cancer Research AU - Brown, P D AU - Levy, T AU - Margulies, M K AU - Liotta, LA AU - Stetler-Stevenson, W G AD - Lab. Pathol., Build. 10, Rm. 2A33, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 6184 EP - 6191 VL - 50 IS - 19 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - cell lines KW - collagenase KW - expression KW - levels KW - mRNA KW - man KW - processing KW - tumours KW - type IV KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14555:Miscellaneous KW - G 07432:Proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15801421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Independent+expression+and+cellular+processing+of+M+sub%28r%29+72%2C000+type+IV+collagenase+and+interstitial+collagenase+in+human+tumorigenic+cell+lines.&rft.au=Brown%2C+P+D%3BLevy%2C+T%3BMargulies%2C+M+K%3BLiotta%2C+LA%3BStetler-Stevenson%2C+W+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mRNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of in vivo low-dose cadmium pretreatment on the in vitro interactions of cadmium with isolated interstitial cells of the rat testes. AN - 15800571; 2407867 AB - In this study we assessed the effects of in vivo Cd pretreatment (3 mu mol/kg) on Cd uptake, cytoxicity, metal content (Zn, K, and Ca), and low molecular weight testicular Cd-binding proteins (low M sub(r) TC-BPs of isolated testicular interstitial cells (TICs) exposed to Cd in vitro. In vivo Cd pretreatment decreased in vitro Cd uptake by 4% after 1 hr of incubation with Cd. In vivo Cd pretreatment also resulted in a marked reduction of in vitro Cd-induced cytotoxicity, as reflected by reduced loss cellular K, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, as well as reduced lipid peroxidation and decreased Cd-induced Ca influx into TICs in vitro. These cytotoxic effects were not attributed solely to cell death as TIC viability remained high even after 1 hr in vitro Cd exposure. Cd-induced inhibition of intercellular enzymes, as assessed by cellular lactate dehydrogenase activity, was also reduced by low-dose Cd pretreatment. Cd pretreatment did not alter basal levels of Zn, Ca, or K. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Wahba, Z Z AU - Waalkes, M P AD - Lab. Comp. Carcinog., Div. Cancer Etiol., NCI, Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., Build. 538, Rm. 205E, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 641 EP - 650 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - cadmium KW - interaction KW - interstitial cells KW - testes KW - rats KW - heavy metals KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15800571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+in+vivo+low-dose+cadmium+pretreatment+on+the+in+vitro+interactions+of+cadmium+with+isolated+interstitial+cells+of+the+rat+testes.&rft.au=Wahba%2C+Z+Z%3BWaalkes%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Wahba&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; heavy metals; interstitial cells; testes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biologically active metal-independent superoxide dismutase mimics. AN - 15800068; 2410255 AB - Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that detoxifies superoxide (O sub(2) super( multiplied by -)), a potentially toxic oxygen-derived species. Attempts to increase intracellular concentrations of SOD by direct application are complicated because SOD, being a relatively large molecule, does not readily cross cell membranes. We have identified a set of stable nitroxides that possess SOD-like activity, have the advantage of being low molecular weight, membrane permeable, and metal independent, and at pH 7.0 have reaction rate constants with O sub(2) super( multiplied by -) ranging from 1.1 x 10 super(3) to 1.3 x 10 super(6) M super(-1) s super(-1). These SOD mimics protect mammalian cells from damage induced by hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase and H sub(2)O sub(2), although they exhibit no catalase-like activity. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Mitchell, J B AU - Samuni, A AU - Krishna, M C AU - DeGraff, W G AU - Ahn AU - Samuni, U AU - Russo, A AD - Radiat. Oncol., Branch, NCI, Build. 10, Rm. B3-B69, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2802 EP - 2807 VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - activity KW - mammalian cells KW - mimicry KW - nitroxides KW - protection KW - superoxide dismutase KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15800068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Biologically+active+metal-independent+superoxide+dismutase+mimics.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+J+B%3BSamuni%2C+A%3BKrishna%2C+M+C%3BDeGraff%2C+W+G%3BAhn%3BSamuni%2C+U%3BRusso%2C+A&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Escherichia coli formate-hydrogen lyase. Purification and properties of the selenium-dependent formate dehydrogenase component. AN - 15799684; 2407155 AB - The formate-hydrogen lyase complex of Escherichia coli decomposes formic acid to hydrogen and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions in the absence of exogenous electron acceptors. The complex consists of two separable enzymatic activities: a formate dehydrogenase and a hydrogenase. The formate dehydrogenase component (FDH sub(H)) of the formate-hydrogen lyase complex was purified to near homogeneity in two column chromatographic steps. The purified enzyme was composed of a single polypeptide of molecular weight 80,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Metal analysis showed each mole of enzyme contained 3.3 g atoms of iron. FDH sub(H) activity was maximal between pH 7.5 and 8.5; however, the enzyme was maximally stable at pH 5.3-6.4 and highly unstable above pH 7.5. Nitrate and nitrite salts caused a drastic reduction in activity. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Axley, MJ AU - Grahame, DA AU - Stadtman, T C AD - Lab. Biochem., NHLBI, NIH, Build. 3, Rm. 103, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 18213 EP - 18218 VL - 265 IS - 30 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Escherichia coli KW - characterization KW - effects on KW - formate-hydrogen lyase KW - gel electrophoresis KW - nitrate KW - nitrite KW - purification KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15799684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Escherichia+coli+formate-hydrogen+lyase.+Purification+and+properties+of+the+selenium-dependent+formate+dehydrogenase+component.&rft.au=Axley%2C+MJ%3BGrahame%2C+DA%3BStadtman%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Axley&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=18213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gel electrophoresis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbicides and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: New evidence from a study of Saskatchewan farmers. AN - 15797346; 2393469 JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Blair, A AD - Occup. Stud. Sect., NCI, Executive Plaza N., Rm. 418, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 544 EP - 545 VL - 82 IS - 7 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - lymphoma KW - farms KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Canada KW - herbicides KW - F 06867:Lymphoma KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - H SE5.22:HERBICIDES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15797346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Herbicides+and+non-Hodgkin%27s+lymphoma%3A+New+evidence+from+a+study+of+Saskatchewan+farmers.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; herbicides; farms; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Traumatic brain injury: A silent epidemic. AN - 15796740; 2407876 AB - The major focus for biomedical research in the neurosciences rests with the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the National Institutes of Health. The NINDS stimulates and sponsors both basic and clinical investigations and also supports the training of the next generation of scientists who can carry the work forward. NINDS primary research program goals related to TBI are to: (1) understand changes that take place in and around the damage area of the brain immediately after injury; (2) find ways of preventing further damage by preventing, impeding, or reversing the progression of ischemic and other destructive biochemical and metabolic changes; (3) understand the mechanisms of brain repair or compensation as a step toward the restitution of function; and (4) restore function to victims of head injury. JF - Annals of Neurology AU - Goldstein, M AD - Interagency Head Injury Task Force, NINDS, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 327 VL - 27 IS - 3 KW - trauma KW - head injuries KW - neurology KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - brain KW - H SM9.28:HEAD AND NECK INJURIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15796740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Neurology&rft.atitle=Traumatic+brain+injury%3A+A+silent+epidemic.&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+M&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Neurology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer and other causes of death among a cohort of dry cleaners. AN - 15796227; 2407908 AB - Mortality among 5365 members of a dry cleaning union in St Louis, Missouri, was less than expected for all causes combined but slightly raised for cancer. Among the cancers, statistically significant excesses occurred for oesophagus and cervix and non-significant excesses for larynx, lung, bladder, thyroid, lymphosarcoma and reticulo-sarcoma, and Hodgkin's disease. Mortality from emphysema was also significantly raised. Eleven of the 13 deaths from oesophageal cancer occurred among black men. The risk of this cancer showed a significant association with estimated cumulative exposure to dry cleaning solvents (rising to 2 multiplied by 8-fold in the highest category) but not with level or duration of exposure. JF - Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Blair, A AU - Stewart, P A AU - Tolbret, P E AU - Grauman, D AU - Moran, F X AU - Vaught, J AU - Rayner, J AD - Epidemiol. and Biostat. Program, NCI, Rockville, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 162 EP - 168 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0007-1072, 0007-1072 KW - cancer KW - dry cleaners KW - Missouri, St. Louis KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - statistical analysis KW - textile industry KW - occupational health KW - H SI6.24:TEXTILE INDUSTRIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15796227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Cancer+and+other+causes+of+death+among+a+cohort+of+dry+cleaners.&rft.au=Blair%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+P+A%3BTolbret%2C+P+E%3BGrauman%2C+D%3BMoran%2C+F+X%3BVaught%2C+J%3BRayner%2C+J&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=00071072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - textile industry; occupational health; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diet, tobacco use, and fatal prostate cancer: Results from the Lutheran Brotherhood Cohort Study. AN - 15796219; 2410169 AB - A cohort of 17,633 white males age 35 and older responded to a mailed epidemiological questionnaire in 1966 and was followed until 1986 to determine the risk of cancer associated with diet, tobacco use, and other factors. During the 20-year follow-up, 149 fatal prostate cancer cases were identified. Relative risks for prostate cancer were significantly elevated among cigarette smokers (relative risk, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.9) and users of smokeless tobacco (relative risk, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-4.1). No significant associations were found with frequency of consumption of meats, dairy products, fruits, or vegetables. There were no overall significant associations between consumption of vitamin A from animal sources (retinol) and provitamin A from plant sources (carotene) and risk, but positive trends were seen for ages under 75, while inverse associations were found at older ages. Beverage consumption, including drinking coffee and alcohol, was unrelated to risk. JF - Cancer Research AU - Hsing, A W AU - McLaughlin, J K AU - Schuman, L M AU - Bjelke, E AU - Gridley, G AU - Wacholder, S AU - Co Chien, HT AU - Blot, W J AD - Epidemiol. and Biostat. Program, Div. Cancer Etiol., NCI, Executive Plaza N., Rm. 415, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 6836 EP - 6840 VL - 50 IS - 21 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - diets KW - prostate KW - carcinoma KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - epidemiology KW - tobacco KW - cancer KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15796219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Diet%2C+tobacco+use%2C+and+fatal+prostate+cancer%3A+Results+from+the+Lutheran+Brotherhood+Cohort+Study.&rft.au=Hsing%2C+A+W%3BMcLaughlin%2C+J+K%3BSchuman%2C+L+M%3BBjelke%2C+E%3BGridley%2C+G%3BWacholder%2C+S%3BCo+Chien%2C+HT%3BBlot%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Hsing&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - epidemiology; cancer; tobacco; prostate; carcinoma; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The human CYP2F gene subfamily: Identification of a cDNA encoding a new cytochrome P450 cDNA-directed expression, and chromosome mapping. AN - 15792803; 2405633 AB - A cDNA coding for a P450, designated IIF1, was isolated from a human lung lambda gt11 library by screening with a human IIC9 cDNA probe. The cDNA-encoded IIF1 protein had 491 amino acids and a calculated molecular weight of 55,507. IIF1 cDNA, expressed by using a vaccinia virus vector, produced a cytochrome with a lambda sub(max) of 454 nm when reduced and complexed with carbon monoxide. This enzyme was able to dealkylate ethoxycoumarin, propoxycoumarin, and pentoxyresorufin but possessed no activity toward ethoxyresorufin and only trace dearylation activity toward benzyloxyresorufin. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Nhamburo, P T AU - Kimura, S AU - McBride, O W AU - Kozak, CA AU - Gelboin, H V AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Lab. Mol. Carcinog. and Lab. Biochem., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 5491 EP - 5499 VL - 29 IS - 23 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - CYP2F gene KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - cytochrome P450 KW - genes KW - lung KW - man KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15792803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=The+human+CYP2F+gene+subfamily%3A+Identification+of+a+cDNA+encoding+a+new+cytochrome+P450+cDNA-directed+expression%2C+and+chromosome+mapping.&rft.au=Nhamburo%2C+P+T%3BKimura%2C+S%3BMcBride%2C+O+W%3BKozak%2C+CA%3BGelboin%2C+H+V%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Nhamburo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=5491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; genes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the aspartic protease from Rous sarcoma retrovirus refined at 2-angstrom resolution. AN - 15791971; 2406457 AB - The structure of Rous sarcoma virus protease has been solved by multiple isomorphous replacement in the crystal form belonging to space group P3 sub(1)21, with unit-cell parameters a = 88.95 angstrom and c = 78.90 angstrom. The enzyme belongs to the family of aspartic proteases with two identical subunits composing the active homodimer. The noncrystallographic dyad relating these two subunits was identified after preliminary tracing in the MIR map and was used for phase improvement by electron-density averaging. Structure refinement resulted in a model that included 1772 protein atoms and 252 water molecules, with an R factor of 0.144 for data extending to 2 angstrom. The secondary structure of a retroviral protease molecule closely resembles that of a single domain in pepsin-like aspartic proteases and consists of several beta -strands and of one well-defined and one distorted alpha -helix. The dimer interface is composed of the N- and C-terminal chains from both subunits which are intertwined to form a well-ordered four-stranded antiparallel beta -sheet. The retroviral protease dimer has been compared with several enzymes of cellular origin, with chains aligning to an rms deviation of 1.90 angstrom or better. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Jaskolski, M AU - Miller, M AU - Rao, JKM AU - Leis, J AU - Wlodawer, A AD - Crystallog. Lab., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 5889 EP - 5898 VL - 29 IS - 25 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Rous sarcoma virus KW - amino acid sequence KW - aspartic proteinase KW - crystals KW - pepsin KW - secondary structure KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22032:Viral proteins KW - J:20320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15791971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+aspartic+protease+from+Rous+sarcoma+retrovirus+refined+at+2-angstrom+resolution.&rft.au=Jaskolski%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+M%3BRao%2C+JKM%3BLeis%2C+J%3BWlodawer%2C+A&rft.aulast=Jaskolski&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=5889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystals; amino acid sequence; secondary structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete sequence of the rat CYP2A3 gene specifically transcribed in lung. AN - 15791744; 2397862 AB - In contrast to the CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes, the CYP2A3 genes is not expressed in livers but is expressed in rat lung. To begin experiments to understand the mechanism of tissue specific regulation of this gene, it was cloned from a rat lambda EMBL3 genomic library and completely sequenced by random shotgun cloning into M13 and the Sanger dideoxynucleotide chain termination methodology using Sequenase). The transcription start site was determined using both S1 mapping and primer extension analyses. Upstream and downstream DNA of 3421 and 2816 bp was also sequenced. The gene contained a TATA box and nine exons typical of other CYP2 family genes. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Ueno, T AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Lab. Mol. Carcinog., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 4623 VL - 18 IS - 15 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - CYP2A3 gene KW - amino acid sequence KW - gene products KW - genes KW - genomes KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - G 07402:GENERAL KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15791744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Complete+sequence+of+the+rat+CYP2A3+gene+specifically+transcribed+in+lung.&rft.au=Ueno%2C+T%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Ueno&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gastrin-releasing peptide in human nasal mucosa. AN - 15790798; 2389252 AB - Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), the 27 amino acid mammalian form of bombesin, was studied in human inferior turbinate nasal mucosa. The GRP content of the mucosa measured by radioimmunoassay was 0.60 plus or minus 0.25 pmol/g tissue (n = 9 patients; mean plus or minus SEM). GRP-immunoreactive nerves detected by the immunogold method of indirect immunohistochemistry were found predominantly in small muscular arteries, arterioles, venous sinusoids, and between submucosal gland acini. JF - Journal of Clinical Investigation AU - Baraniuk, J N AU - Lundgren, J D AU - Goff, J AU - Peden, D AU - Merida, M AU - Shelhamer, J AU - Kaliner, M AD - Allerg. Dis. Sect., Lab. Clin. Invest., Build. 10, Rm. 11-C-205, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 998 EP - 1005 VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9738, 0021-9738 KW - gastrin-releasing peptide KW - identification KW - man KW - mucosa KW - nose KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15790798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.atitle=Gastrin-releasing+peptide+in+human+nasal+mucosa.&rft.au=Baraniuk%2C+J+N%3BLundgren%2C+J+D%3BGoff%2C+J%3BPeden%2C+D%3BMerida%2C+M%3BShelhamer%2C+J%3BKaliner%2C+M&rft.aulast=Baraniuk&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=998&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Investigation&rft.issn=00219738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Action of pertussigen (pertussis toxin) on serum IgE and on Fc epsilon receptors on lymphocytes. AN - 15789790; 2391037 AB - Pertussigen (pertussis toxin (PT)) is one of the most effective stimulators of IgE production in mice and rats. Employing flow microfluorimetric analysis (FMF), we showed that PT increases the percentage of blood and spleen lymphocytes with IgE on their surface. The increase in IgE-bearing cells was mainly due to cytophilic binding of IgE to receptors for the epsilon chain of IgE (Fc epsilon ) on the surface of lymphocytes rather than to a greater number of IgE-producing cells. This was shown by removing the IgE from Fc epsilon receptors by acid treatment which reduced the percentage of IgE-bearing cells to nearly normal values. The antibodies of IgE class with specificity to EA were increased dramatically, while antibodies with specificity to PT were not detected. JF - Cellular Immunology AU - Munoz, J J AU - Peacock, M G AD - Public Health Serv., NIH, NIAID, Lab. Vectors and Pathog., Rocky Mt. Lab., Hamilton, MT 59840, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 327 EP - 336 VL - 127 IS - 2 SN - 0008-8749, 0008-8749 KW - pertussigen KW - effects on KW - serum levels KW - receptors KW - expression KW - animal models KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Fc KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - immunoglobulin E KW - lymphocytes B KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15789790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cellular+Immunology&rft.atitle=Action+of+pertussigen+%28pertussis+toxin%29+on+serum+IgE+and+on+Fc+epsilon+receptors+on+lymphocytes.&rft.au=Munoz%2C+J+J%3BPeacock%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Munoz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cellular+Immunology&rft.issn=00088749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bordetella pertussis; immunoglobulin E; Fc; lymphocytes B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A human hepatocellular carcinoma 3.0-kilobase DNA sequence transforms both rat liver cells and NIH3T3 fibroblasts and encodes a 52-kilodalton protein. AN - 15782016; 2398407 AB - Neoplastic transformation of rat liver cells in vitro by DNA-mediated gene transfer with an oncogene, hhc super(M), derived from human (Mahlavu) hepatocellular carcinoma, is described and compared with that of NIH3T3 cells. hhc super(M) was cloned in a neomycin-resistant simian virus 40 promoter vector (pNeo super(r)/S) and was designated pN super(r)pM-I. BRL-I or NIH3T3 cells, transfected with pN super(r)pM-I DNA, showed significant morphological changes, loss of contact inhibition, and anchorage-independent growth. They became highly tumorigenic in nude rats and nu/nu mice. Control BRL-I and NIH3T3 cells, whether transfected with pNeo super(r)/S DNA or not, remained contact inhibited and nontumorigenic. Both the transformants and the tumor cells contained integrated hhc super(M) DNA as shown by Southern blot hybridization. The complete nucleotide sequence of the hhc super(M) 3.0-kilobase DNA was also determined, and it consisted of a possible open reading frame for a protein of 52 kilodaltons (467 amino acids). The high-level production of a slightly modified form of this 52-kilodalton protein in a bacterial expression system has been successfully achieved. JF - Cancer Research AU - Yang, SSue AU - Zhang, Ke AU - Vieira, W AU - Taub, J V AU - Zeilstra-Ryalls, JH AU - Somerville, R L AD - EPN Rm. 308, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 VL - 50 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - amino acid sequence KW - carcinoma KW - fibroblasts KW - gene products KW - gene transfer KW - genes KW - hhcM KW - hhcM gene KW - liver KW - man KW - mice KW - nucleotide sequence KW - oncogenes KW - predictions KW - transformation KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence KW - B 26320:Other oncogenes KW - B 26400:HUMAN-RELATED ONCOGENES AND GROWTH FACTORS: CROSS REFERENCES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15782016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=A+human+hepatocellular+carcinoma+3.0-kilobase+DNA+sequence+transforms+both+rat+liver+cells+and+NIH3T3+fibroblasts+and+encodes+a+52-kilodalton+protein.&rft.au=Yang%2C+SSue%3BZhang%2C+Ke%3BVieira%2C+W%3BTaub%2C+J+V%3BZeilstra-Ryalls%2C+JH%3BSomerville%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=SSue&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+sul.17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Advances in Comparative Leukemia Research. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; transformation; carcinoma ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification of the silver staining technique to detect lipopolysaccharide in polyacrylamide gels. AN - 15781574; 2382064 AB - A silver staining method used routinely for detecting bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels appeared to be inappropriate for visualizing certain LPS preparations. It did not stain S-form fractions of polyagglutinable Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS or several partly deacylated (alkali-treated) S-form LPSs after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, these LPS preparations could be detected by anti-LPS sera after electroblotting onto nitrocellulose, thereby confirming their integrity and presence in the polyacrylamide gel. This is because LPS fractions containing a low number of fatty acids are washed out of the gel during the initial fixing step (40% ethanol-4% acetic acid, overnight). By omitting this fixing step, which was originally developed for detecting proteins, and by increasing the LPS oxidation time (from 5 to 20 min), we restored the ability to detect LPS fractions that otherwise would not be stained. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Fomsgaard, A AU - Freudenberg, MA AU - Galanos, C AD - Lab. Infect. Dis., NIAID, 12441 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2627 EP - 2631 VL - 28 IS - 12 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - detection KW - lipopolysaccharides KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - staining KW - gel electrophoresis KW - A 01010:Carbohydrates & glycosides KW - J 02730:Carbohydrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Modification+of+the+silver+staining+technique+to+detect+lipopolysaccharide+in+polyacrylamide+gels.&rft.au=Fomsgaard%2C+A%3BFreudenberg%2C+MA%3BGalanos%2C+C&rft.aulast=Fomsgaard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gel electrophoresis; staining ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A recombinant Rickettsia conorii vaccine protects guinea pigs from experimental boutonneuse fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. AN - 15781515; 2384405 AB - There are no vaccines against boutonneuse fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Previous studies have identified a Rickettsia rickettsii surface protein as a vaccine candidate and shown that an antigenically related protein is present in R. conorii , which causes boutonneuse fever. The gene encoding the R. rickettsii protein has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli . We confirmed by 7.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of rickettsial lysates followed by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody raised against the R. rickettsii protein that an analogous protein exists in R. conorii . Using the R. rickettsii gene probe, we cloned and expressed a 5.5-kilobase HindIII fragment from R. conorii Kenya tick typhus genomic DNA in E. coli JM107. The expressed recombinant product was recognized by a monospecific polyclonal rabbit antiserum prepared against the 198-kDa protein. The findings show that the 198-kDa R. conorii protein is a candidate for a vaccine against boutonneuse fever. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Vishwanath, S AU - McDonald, G A AU - Watkins, NG AD - Lab. Microb. Struct. and Funct., Rocky Mt. Lab., NIAID, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 646 EP - 653 VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Rickettsia conorii KW - cloning KW - gene expression KW - immunofluorescence KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - vaccines KW - antisera KW - antibodies KW - gel electrophoresis KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=A+recombinant+Rickettsia+conorii+vaccine+protects+guinea+pigs+from+experimental+boutonneuse+fever+and+Rocky+Mountain+spotted+fever.&rft.au=Vishwanath%2C+S%3BMcDonald%2C+G+A%3BWatkins%2C+NG&rft.aulast=Vishwanath&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=646&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vaccines; gel electrophoresis; antibodies; antisera ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of glutathione conjugates during oxidation of eugenol by microsomal fractions of rat liver and lung. AN - 15780023; 2390112 AB - Rat hepatic and pulmonary microsomes catalyzed the formation of at least three distinct glutathione conjugates with eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol). These three conjugates were identical with the products obtained from the chemical reaction of synthetic eugenol quinone methide and glutathione. The microsomal reaction was dependent on NADPH and oxygen and was inhibited by cytochrome P450 inhibitors. Our results suggest that eugenol is oxidized by cytochrome P450 to a reactive quinone methide intermediate which can then covalently modify protein or conjugate with glutathione. JF - Biochemical Pharmacology AU - Thompson, D AU - Constantin-Teodosiu, D AU - Egestad, B AU - Mickos, H AU - Moldeus, P AD - Lab. Mol. Bophys., NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1587 EP - 1595 VL - 39 IS - 10 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - conjugates KW - eugenol KW - formation KW - glutathione KW - liver KW - lung KW - microsomes KW - oxidation KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15780023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Formation+of+glutathione+conjugates+during+oxidation+of+eugenol+by+microsomal+fractions+of+rat+liver+and+lung.&rft.au=Thompson%2C+D%3BConstantin-Teodosiu%2C+D%3BEgestad%2C+B%3BMickos%2C+H%3BMoldeus%2C+P&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification in extracts from AR4-2J cells of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate by its susceptibility to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase and 5-phosphatase. AN - 15777962; 2378427 AB - The identity of super(3)H-labelled material ascribed to Ins(1,4,5)P sub(3) in resting or bombesin-stimulated myo-( super(3)H)inositol-labelled AR4-2J cells was investigated by determining its ability to serve as substrate for partially purified Ins (1,4,5)P sub(3)/Ins(1,3,4,5)-P sub(4)5-phosphatase and Ins(1,4,5)P sub(3) 3-kinase. The findings serve to confirm the previous estimate of Horstman, Takemura & Putney for the intracellular concentrations of Ins(1,4,5)P sub(3) in resting (2 mu M) and agonist-stimulated (25 mu M) AR4-2J cells. The implications of these findings for the physiological regulation of intracellular Ca super(2+) through this intracellular messenger are discussed. JF - Biochemical Journal AU - Nogimori, K AU - Menniti, F S AU - Putney, JW Jr AD - Calcium Regul. Sect., MD 7-10, Lab. Cell. and Mol. Pharmacol., NIEHS, P.O. Box 12333, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 195 EP - 200 VL - 269 IS - 1 SN - 0264-6021, 0264-6021 KW - 5-phosphatase KW - AR4-2J cells KW - degradation KW - identification KW - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate KW - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase KW - substrates KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15777962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=Identification+in+extracts+from+AR4-2J+cells+of+inositol+1%2C4%2C5-trisphosphate+by+its+susceptibility+to+inositol+1%2C4%2C5-trisphosphate+3-kinase+and+5-phosphatase.&rft.au=Nogimori%2C+K%3BMenniti%2C+F+S%3BPutney%2C+JW+Jr&rft.aulast=Nogimori&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+Journal&rft.issn=02646021&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell mutation assay results with 41 compounds. AN - 15775759; 2387857 AB - Forty-one chemicals were tested for their abilities to induce trifluorothymidine resistance in L5178Y mouse lymphoma (MOLY) cells. These chemicals were included in the National Toxicology Program's evaluation of four in vitro shortterm toxicity assays for predicting carcinogenicity in the rodent bioassay. Of the 41 chemicals examined for this report, 8 were equivocal in the rodent bioassay, and 7 were questionable in the MOLY assay. If these chemicals are eliminated from an analysis of concordance, the remaining 26 chemicals lead to a concordance of 69% with a sensitivity of 71%. The specificity could not be determined because only two noncarcinogens were detected. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Myhr, B AU - McGregor, D AU - Bowers, L AU - Riach, C AU - Brown, A G AU - Edwards, I AU - McBride, D AU - Martin, R AU - Caspary, W J AD - Cancer Genet. and Mol. Pathol. Sect., NIEHS, NIH, P.O. Box 1223, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 VL - 16 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - xenobiotics KW - cell lines KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - mutagenicity KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15775759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=L5178Y+mouse+lymphoma+cell+mutation+assay+results+with+41+compounds.&rft.au=Myhr%2C+B%3BMcGregor%2C+D%3BBowers%2C+L%3BRiach%2C+C%3BBrown%2C+A+G%3BEdwards%2C+I%3BMcBride%2C+D%3BMartin%2C+R%3BCaspary%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Myhr&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+Sul+18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the role of proline in peptide hormones: NMR studies of bradykinin and related peptides. AN - 15774685; 2378908 AB - The use of NMR methods to study conformational and dynamic aspects of the proline residues in the nonapeptide bradykinin is reviewed. NMR analyses involve considerations of bistable equilibria which include the cis/trans conformational heterogeneity of the imide bond, the cis'/trans' regions of conformational stability which characterize rotation about the C sub( alpha )--CO bond (dihedral angle psi ), and the interconversion of the pyrrolidine ring of proline between puckered C sub( gamma )-endo and C sub( gamma )-exo conformations. These conformational features are all characterized by different kinetic behavior, are interdependent with peptide bond conformation, and exhibit sensitivity to amino acid substitutions. Thus, the substitution of Gly super(6) for Ser super(6) increases the fractional cis probability of the sixth peptide bond from 0.1 to 0.35. Substitutions of alpha -aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) residues for proline introduce conformational constraints analogous to those in cis' proline. JF - Biochemical Pharmacology AU - London, R E AU - Stewart, J M AU - Cann, J R AD - Lab. Mol. Biophys., NIEHS, NIH, Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 41 EP - 48 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - N.M.R. KW - bradykinin KW - proline KW - residues KW - role KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15774685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Probing+the+role+of+proline+in+peptide+hormones%3A+NMR+studies+of+bradykinin+and+related+peptides.&rft.au=London%2C+R+E%3BStewart%2C+J+M%3BCann%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the immunodeficiency of RIIIS/J mice: Immune response to polysaccharide antigens. AN - 15774058; 2388185 AB - RIIIS/J mice lack an autosomal dominant gene(s) that influences the magnitude of the antibody response to several polysaccharide antigens of bacterial origin. Low responsiveness is demonstrable whether polysaccharide is administered as a T-helper-cell-independent or -dependent antigen conjugated to an immunogenic carrier; however, RIIIS/J mice make good anti-hapten antibody responses to haptenated polysaccharides. The low antibody responses of RIIIS/J mice to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide do not appear to be the results of an imbalance in the activity of regulatory T lymphocytes. Compared with other strains of mice, RIIIS/J mice elicit low antibody responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). They do not develop a cyclic primary or secondary antibody response to Escherichia coli O113 LPS; the latter is not due to a lack of mitogenic response to E. coli O113 LPS. They also produce auto-anti-idiotypic antibody after being immunized with trinitrophenyl-Ficoll. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Hiernaux, J R AU - Baker, P J AU - McEvoy, SJM AU - Stashak, P W AU - Fauntleroy, M B AU - Goidl, E A AD - Lab. Immunogen., NIAID, Twinbrook II Res. Fac., 12441 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1261 EP - 1268 VL - 58 IS - 5 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - immune response (humoral) KW - immunization KW - lipopolysaccharides KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - lymphocytes T KW - antibodies KW - Escherichia coli KW - antigens KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15774058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+immunodeficiency+of+RIIIS%2FJ+mice%3A+Immune+response+to+polysaccharide+antigens.&rft.au=Hiernaux%2C+J+R%3BBaker%2C+P+J%3BMcEvoy%2C+SJM%3BStashak%2C+P+W%3BFauntleroy%2C+M+B%3BGoidl%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Hiernaux&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; antigens; lymphocytes T; antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate and inositol hexakisphosphate inhibit inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase in rat parotid glands. AN - 15772283; 2378825 AB - In assays containing a physiological concentration of inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (1 mu M), this isomer was attacked by both 3- and 5-phosphatases present in rat parotid homogenates and 100,000 x g supernatant and particulate fractions. As the concentrations of cytosolic protein in the assay was decreased, the specific activity of the soluble 3-phosphatase increased significantly. In contrast, the specific activity of particulate 3-phosphatase was independent of protein concentration. At the lowest protein concentrations tested, the sum of soluble and particulate 3-phosphatase specific activities was 2.5-fold greater than that of the parent homogenate. These observations indicate that parotid cytosol contains a hitherto undescribed endogenous mechanism for inhibiting 3-phosphatase. The effects upon 3- and 5-phosphatase of a number of inositol polyphosphates were studied. The data lead to the proposal that the inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase is unlikely to be an important enzyme activity in vivo. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Hughes, P J AU - Shears, S B AD - NIEHS/NIH, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 9869 EP - 9875 VL - 265 IS - 17 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - activity KW - inhibition KW - inositol phosphates KW - inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase KW - parotid gland KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15772283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Inositol+1%2C3%2C4%2C5%2C6-pentakisphosphate+and+inositol+hexakisphosphate+inhibit+inositol-1%2C3%2C4%2C5-tetrakisphosphate+3-phosphatase+in+rat+parotid+glands.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+P+J%3BShears%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=9869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence requirements for cytochromes P450IIA1 and P450IIA2 catalytic activity: Evidence for both specific and non-specific substrate binding interactions through use of chimeric cDNAs and cDNA expression. AN - 15771186; 2389132 AB - Cytochrome P450s IIA1 and IIA2, encoded by the CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes, display 88% amino acid sequence similarities. To determine those amino acids responsible for the difference in testosterone hydroxylation specificities, chimeras were constructed between IIA1 and IIA2 cDNAs and expressed in cell culture using vaccinia-virus-mediated cDNA expression. Chimeras, in which the first 355 amino acids correspond to a single enzyme, maintain the specificity associated with that enzyme. Of six chimeras which have substitutions between amino acids 161 and 276, two are inactive and the remaining four give similar metabolite profiles, in which both 7 alpha and 15 alpha hydroxylation specificities have been lost. JF - Protein Engineering AU - Hanioka, N AU - Korzekwa, K AU - Gonzalez, F J AD - Lab. Mol. Carcinog., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 571 EP - 575 VL - 3 IS - 7 SN - 0269-2139, 0269-2139 KW - cytochrome P450IIA KW - domains KW - hydroxylation KW - identification KW - testosterone KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15771186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Engineering&rft.atitle=Sequence+requirements+for+cytochromes+P450IIA1+and+P450IIA2+catalytic+activity%3A+Evidence+for+both+specific+and+non-specific+substrate+binding+interactions+through+use+of+chimeric+cDNAs+and+cDNA+expression.&rft.au=Hanioka%2C+N%3BKorzekwa%2C+K%3BGonzalez%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Hanioka&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Engineering&rft.issn=02692139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A solid phase assay for the protease of human immunodeficiency virus. AN - 15770515; 2373234 AB - A solid phase assay for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease using an immobilized substrate, Affi Gel 10-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-( super(3)H)Gly-OH has been devised. The pH optimum was found to be 6.0, and a high ionic strength was required for maximal activity. The solid phase assay is usable for convenient monitoring of purification procedures, and rapid screening of inhibitors of HIV protease. JF - Analytical Biochemistry AU - Wondrak, E M AU - Copeland, T D AU - Louis, J M AU - Oroszlan, S AD - Lab. Mol. Virol., ABL-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Fac., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 82 EP - 85 VL - 188 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - human immunodeficiency virus KW - hydrolysis KW - inhibitors KW - pH KW - proteinase KW - purification KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15770515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=A+solid+phase+assay+for+the+protease+of+human+immunodeficiency+virus.&rft.au=Wondrak%2C+E+M%3BCopeland%2C+T+D%3BLouis%2C+J+M%3BOroszlan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wondrak&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhibitors; pH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of magnitude of antibody response to bacterial polysaccharide antigens by thymus-derived lymphocytes. AN - 15769256; 2381626 AB - The magnitude of the antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of type III Streptococcus pneumoniae (SSS-III) is regulated in a positive and negative manner by thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes (1, 10); however, only recently have such control mechanisms been implicated in the antibody response to other bacterial polysaccharide antigens. Many of the variables and cellular interactions associated with T-cell regulation of the antibody response to SSS-III have been described in great detail. This represents the best defined experimental model system for examining T-cell influences on the magnitude of the antibody response. The purpose of this brief report is to review some of the main characteristics of this model system since they might provide insights into the results obtained with other microbial polysaccharide antigens of medical importance. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Baker, P J AD - Lab. Immunogenet., NIAID, NIH, Twinbrook-II Res. Fac., 12441 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 3465 EP - 3468 VL - 58 IS - 11 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - reviews KW - regulation KW - polysaccharides KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - lymphocytes T KW - capsules KW - antibody response KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - F 06013:Protozoa KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15769256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+magnitude+of+antibody+response+to+bacterial+polysaccharide+antigens+by+thymus-derived+lymphocytes.&rft.au=Baker%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; antibody response; lymphocytes T; capsules ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zinc interactions with regulatory dimers from Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase. AN - 15769224; 2379148 AB - Zn super(2+) is tetrahedrally bonded to the 4 nonadjacent thiols of each regulatory chain (M sub(r) 17,000) near r-c contacts between catalytic (c) and regulatory chains (r) in aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase; c sub(6)r sub(6)). This paper reports on Zn super(2+) interactions with r dimer in the absence of stabilizing r-c contacts. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Jefferson, J R AU - Hunt, J B AU - Ginsburg, A AD - NHLBI, NIH, Build. 3, Rm. 208, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 6687 EP - 6698 VL - 29 IS - 28 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Escherichia coli KW - aspartate carbamoyltransferase KW - dimers KW - interaction KW - regulatory KW - zinc KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15769224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Zinc+interactions+with+regulatory+dimers+from+Escherichia+coli+aspartate+transcarbamoylase.&rft.au=Jefferson%2C+J+R%3BHunt%2C+J+B%3BGinsburg%2C+A&rft.aulast=Jefferson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=6687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of aldose reductase expression in rat kidney mesangial cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells under hypertonic conditions. AN - 15767267; 2378710 AB - Rat kidney cortex mesangial cells (MES) and Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) responded to hypertonicity (600 mosmol/kg) in culture by accumulating sorbitol. The accumulation of sorbitol was due to increased aldose reductase (AR) activity, apparently brought about by increased levels of AR mRNA and protein. The data show that AR expression is induced in MES and CHO cells under hypertonic conditions. Of special interest is the induction of large amounts of AR in rat kidney cortex mesangial cells, a target tissue of diabetes and a site where excessive accumulation of sorbitol is suspected to be a critical factor in diabetic nephropathy. JF - Experimental Cell Research AU - Kaneko, M AU - Carper, D AU - Nishimura, C AU - Millen, J AU - Bock, M AU - Hohman, T C AD - NEI, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 135 EP - 140 VL - 188 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4827, 0014-4827 KW - CHO cells KW - aldose reductase KW - expression KW - kidney KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15767267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+Cell+Research&rft.atitle=Induction+of+aldose+reductase+expression+in+rat+kidney+mesangial+cells+and+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cells+under+hypertonic+conditions.&rft.au=Kaneko%2C+M%3BCarper%2C+D%3BNishimura%2C+C%3BMillen%2C+J%3BBock%2C+M%3BHohman%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Kaneko&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+Cell+Research&rft.issn=00144827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pumiliotoxin alkaloids: A new class of sodium channel agents. AN - 15764521; 2369736 AB - Pumiliotoxin B (PTX-B) and a variety of congeneric alkaloids and synthetic analogs stimulated sodium flux and phosphoinositide breakdown in guinea pig cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes. The effects of PTX-B and active congeners and analogs on sodium flux in synaptoneurosomes were potentiated markedly by scorpion venom (Leiurus quinquestriatus ). It appears likely that some "inactive" congeners bind to the PTX-B binding site, but do not activate sodium channels. JF - Biochemical Pharmacology AU - Daly, J W AU - Gusovsky, F AU - McNeal, E T AU - Secunda, S AU - Bell, M AU - Creveling, C R AU - Nishizawa, Y AU - Overman, LE AU - Sharp, MJ AU - Rossignol, D P AD - Lab. Bioorg. Chem., NIDDK, NIH, Build. 8, Rm. 1A15, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 315 EP - 326 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Leiurus quinquestriatus KW - interaction KW - channels KW - analysis KW - guinea-pigs KW - pumiliotoxin B KW - sodium KW - brain KW - toxins KW - venom KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 1: Biological Membranes (till 1993) KW - X 24173:Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15764521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Pumiliotoxin+alkaloids%3A+A+new+class+of+sodium+channel+agents.&rft.au=Daly%2C+J+W%3BGusovsky%2C+F%3BMcNeal%2C+E+T%3BSecunda%2C+S%3BBell%2C+M%3BCreveling%2C+C+R%3BNishizawa%2C+Y%3BOverman%2C+LE%3BSharp%2C+MJ%3BRossignol%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxins; brain; venom ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum antibody response in adult volunteers elicited by injection of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 12F polysaccharide alone or conjugated to diphtheria toxoid. AN - 15757321; 2371220 AB - Conjugates of an uronic acid-containing capsular polysaccharide (CP), pneumococcus type 12F (Pn12F) bound to diphtheria toxoid (DT), were studied for safety and immunogenicity in adult volunteers. In mice, these conjugates, prepared with the same lot of DT and Pn12F-40234-006, a homogeneous CP of high molecular weight, or Pn12-812408, a polydisperse CP with lower-molecular-weight material, were more immunogenic than the Pn12F alone and had T-cell dependent properties. Adult volunteers, randomized into three groups, were injected either with one of these two conjugates or with Pnu-Imune, the 23 valent pneumococcus vaccine containing 25 mu g of Pn12F as one of its components. At 4 weeks and at 7 months after the first injection, higher levels of Pn12F antibodies were found in the volunteers injected with the conjugates than in the Pnu-Imune group. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Fattom, A AU - Lue, C AU - Szu, S C AU - Mestecky, J AU - Schiffman, G AU - Bryla, D AU - Vann, W F AU - Watson, D AU - Kimzey, L M AD - Lab. Dev. and Mol. Immun., Biom. Branch, NICHD, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2309 EP - 2312 VL - 58 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - 12F polysaccharide KW - diphtheria toxoids KW - polysaccharides KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - vaccines KW - immune response (humoral) KW - man KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15757321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Serum+antibody+response+in+adult+volunteers+elicited+by+injection+of+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+type+12F+polysaccharide+alone+or+conjugated+to+diphtheria+toxoid.&rft.au=Fattom%2C+A%3BLue%2C+C%3BSzu%2C+S+C%3BMestecky%2C+J%3BSchiffman%2C+G%3BBryla%2C+D%3BVann%2C+W+F%3BWatson%2C+D%3BKimzey%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Fattom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immune response (humoral); man; vaccines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and immunologic properties in mice of vaccines composed of Staphylococcus aureus type 5 and type 8 capsular polysaccharides conjugated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. AN - 15756746; 2371203 AB - Epidemiological, serological and in vitro phagocytosis experiments provide evidence that the newly discovered type 5 and type 8 polysaccharides (CPs) are both virulence factors and protective antigens for bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus . Neither type 5 nor type 8 CP elicited serum antibodies when injected into mice. These two CPs were bound to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) to form conjugates by using the synthetic scheme devised for the CP (Vi) of Salmonella typhi and of pneumococcus type 12F. Both S. aureus CP-ETA conjugates elicited a rise in CP antibodies. As components of conjugates, both S. aureus CPs acquired T-cell-dependent properties, as shown by their ability to respond to carrier priming and to stimulate booster responses. The conjugate-induced antibodies facilitated type-specific opsonization of S. aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The conjugates also induced ETA antibodies which neutralized the native toxin in vitro. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Fattom, A AU - Schneerson, R AU - Szu, S C AU - Vann, W F AU - Shiloach, J AU - Karakawa, W W AU - Robbins, J B AD - NICHD, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 2367 EP - 2374 VL - 58 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - exotoxin A KW - mice KW - toxin A KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - vaccines KW - capsules KW - immune response KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+immunologic+properties+in+mice+of+vaccines+composed+of+Staphylococcus+aureus+type+5+and+type+8+capsular+polysaccharides+conjugated+to+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+exotoxin+A.&rft.au=Fattom%2C+A%3BSchneerson%2C+R%3BSzu%2C+S+C%3BVann%2C+W+F%3BShiloach%2C+J%3BKarakawa%2C+W+W%3BRobbins%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Fattom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas aeruginosa; vaccines; capsules; immune response ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evi-2, a common integration site involved in murine myeloid leukemogenesis. AN - 15756526; 2357929 AB - We report on the characterization of a novel common viral integration site in BXH-2 myeloid leukemias, designated Evi-2. Within the cluster of viral integration sites that define Evi-2, we identified a gene that has the potential for encoding a novel protein of 223 amino acids. This putative proto-oncogene possesses all of the structural features of a transmembrane protein. Within the transmembrane domain is a "leucine zipper," suggesting that Evi-2 is involved in either homopolymer or heteropolymer formation, which may play an important role in the normal functioning of Evi-2. Interestingly, the human homolog of Evi-2 has recently been shown to be tightly linked to the von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis locus, suggesting a role for Evi-2 in human disease as well. JF - Molecular and Cellular Biology AU - Buchberg, A M AU - Bedigian, H G AU - Jenkins, NA AU - Copeland, NG AD - Mammal. Genet. Lab., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. and Dev. Cent., ABL-Basic Res. Program, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 4658 EP - 4666 VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 0270-7306, 0270-7306 KW - amino acid sequence KW - evi-2 KW - evi-2 gene KW - gene products KW - genes KW - integration KW - leucine zipper KW - mice KW - myeloid leukemia KW - nucleotide sequence KW - oncogenes KW - predictions KW - retrovirus (murine) KW - retroviruses KW - sites KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - G 07398:GENERAL KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - B 26320:Other oncogenes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.atitle=Evi-2%2C+a+common+integration+site+involved+in+murine+myeloid+leukemogenesis.&rft.au=Buchberg%2C+A+M%3BBedigian%2C+H+G%3BJenkins%2C+NA%3BCopeland%2C+NG&rft.aulast=Buchberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.issn=02707306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - myeloid leukemia; genes; leucine zipper ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The association of corneal arcus with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease mortality in the lipid research clinics mortality follow-up study. AN - 15750067; 2361825 AB - The relationship between corneal arcus (arcus senilis) and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is examined in a prospective study of White men (n = 3,930) and women non-hormone users (n = 2,139, ages 30-69, followed for an average of 8.4 years as part of the Lipid Research Clinics Mortality Follow-up Study. After excluding those with clinically manifest CHD at baseline, corneal arcus was strongly associated with CHD and CVD mortality only in hyperlipidemic men ages 30-49 years, for whom the relative risk for CHD and CVD death was 3.7 and 4.0, respectively, after adjusting for age, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and smoking status using a Cox proportional hazards model. JF - American Journal of Public Health AU - Chambless, LE AU - Fuchs, F D AU - Linn, Shai AU - Kritchevsky, S B AU - Larosa, J C AU - Segal, P AU - Rifkind, B M AD - Lipid Metab.-Atherogenesis Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Fed. Build., Rm. 401, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1200 EP - 1204 VL - 80 IS - 10 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - cardiovascular diseases KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - lipids KW - mortality KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - H SM10.22:CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15750067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=The+association+of+corneal+arcus+with+coronary+heart+disease+and+cardiovascular+disease+mortality+in+the+lipid+research+clinics+mortality+follow-up+study.&rft.au=Chambless%2C+LE%3BFuchs%2C+F+D%3BLinn%2C+Shai%3BKritchevsky%2C+S+B%3BLarosa%2C+J+C%3BSegal%2C+P%3BRifkind%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Chambless&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mortality; lipids; risk assessment; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the human, bovine and rat 33-kDa proteins and cDNA in retina and pineal gland. AN - 15747499; 2366093 AB - A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was produced against a bovine retinal 33-kDa protein. Several clones of 33-kDa protein were isolated from each library of cDNA from human, bovine and rat retinas and rat pineal gland by mAb screening and by hybridization with cDNA probes. Each of the four cDNA sequences was determined and amino acid (aa) sequences were deduced from the nucleotide sequences. The results show that the 33-kDa proteins in the retina and pineal gland have the same sequences and the same phosphorylation site and suggest that the functional role of this protein is the same in the retina and pineal gland. JF - Gene AU - Abe, T AU - Nakabayashi, H AU - Tamada, H AU - Takagi, T AU - Sakuragi, S AU - Yamaki, K AU - Shinohara, T AD - Lab. Retinal Cell and Mol. Biol., Build. 10, Rm. 10N117, NEI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 209 EP - 215 VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1119, 0378-1119 KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - cattle KW - genes KW - man KW - nucleotide sequence KW - pineal gland KW - predictions KW - rats KW - retina KW - retinal protein 33 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gene&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+human%2C+bovine+and+rat+33-kDa+proteins+and+cDNA+in+retina+and+pineal+gland.&rft.au=Abe%2C+T%3BNakabayashi%2C+H%3BTamada%2C+H%3BTakagi%2C+T%3BSakuragi%2C+S%3BYamaki%2C+K%3BShinohara%2C+T&rft.aulast=Abe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gene&rft.issn=03781119&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; pineal gland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New pharmacologic approaches to obsessive compulsive disorder. AN - 15745843; 2357005 AB - Although obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) traditionally has been considered a treatment-refractory syndrome, rigorous treatment studies over the past decade have demonstrated that most OCD patients respond to specific behavioral or pharmacologic therapies. In terms of the pharmacologic treatment of OCD, a relatively small group of antidepressant drugs (clomipramine, fluvoxamine, and fluoxetine) have been demonstrated to be antiobsessional. Several related antidepressants (desipramine, nortriptyline) appear to be ineffective for OCD. Clinical response requires prolonged treatment (> 6 weeks) with antiobsessional drugs and efficacy is not limited to depressed OCD patients. The few drugs that have been demonstrated to be antiobsessional share a high potency for the blockade of serotonin reuptake, suggesting a serotonergic mechanism for antiobsessional drug action. JF - Journal of Clinical Psychiatry AU - Insel, T R AD - NIHAC/NIMH, P.O. Box 289, Poolesville, MD 20837, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 VL - 51 SN - 0160-6689, 0160-6689 KW - pharmacology KW - obsessive compulsive disorder KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - psychology KW - H SI6.20:PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES KW - H SM9.7:HUMAN FACTORS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15745843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=New+pharmacologic+approaches+to+obsessive+compulsive+disorder.&rft.au=Insel%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Insel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Psychiatry&rft.issn=01606689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - psychology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxic lesions of the nucleus basalis induced by colchicine: Effects on spatial navigation in the water maze. AN - 15729070; 2350258 AB - Neuronal loss in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) has been consistently associated with learning and memory impairments. Previous studies have used excitotoxicants such as kainic acid or ibotenic acid to examine the behavioral consequences of NBM lesions. In the present study, rats were given bilateral injections of the neurotoxicant colchicine (1.0 mu g/site) into the NBM and examined for changes in learning and memory. Unlike excitotoxicants, which can produce extensive subcortical damage, colchicine produced a lesion limited to the site of injection. Histological studies demonstrated that colchicine decreased the number of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive cells in the NBM, and resulted in a marked loss of cortical acetylcholinesterase staining. Separate neurochemical analysis showed that colchicine lesions decreased ChAT activity in the neocortex but not the hippocampus or caudate nucleus. Similar to previous studies, rats with NBM lesions showed a large deficit in a passive avoidance task. Lesions of the NBM impaired acquisition of a reference memory task in the Morris water maze. However, the deficit was transient and with continued training lesioned rats performed as well as controls. JF - Brain Research AU - Mundy, W R AU - Barone, S AU - Tilson, HA AD - LMIN/NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 221 EP - 228 VL - 512 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - colchicine KW - induction KW - lesions KW - effects on KW - rats KW - nucleus basalis magnocellularis KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - navigation behavior KW - neurotoxicity KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15729070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+lesions+of+the+nucleus+basalis+induced+by+colchicine%3A+Effects+on+spatial+navigation+in+the+water+maze.&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BBarone%2C+S%3BTilson%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=512&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; navigation behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of cholera toxin subunit B by a mutant strain of Vibrio cholerae . AN - 15716225; 2344755 AB - The B subunit (CTB) of cholera toxin (CT) can be used as a carrier protein for conjugate vaccines designed to elicit antipolysaccharide antibodies. A defined medium, AGM4, was designed to grow a high-producing mutant of Vibrio cholerae expressing only the B subunit of CT: V. cholerae 0395-NI. AGM4 contains four amino acids, asparagine, glutamic acid, arginine and serine, salts and a trace element solution. The carbon source is glucose. The fermentations performed in AGM4 indicated that CTB production paralleled the growth of the organism but that there was a maximal release of CTB during the stationary phase. There was a clear optimum of productivity at pH 8.0 and 30 degree C. The pH had an influence on CTB production and not only on its release. Analysis of the amino acids present in the medium showed a correlation between their consumption rates and CTB productivity. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - van de Walle, M AU - Fass, R AU - Shiloach, J AD - Biotechnol. Unit, LCDB, NIDDK, NIH, Build. 6, Rm. B1-33, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 389 EP - 394 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - subunits KW - biosynthesis KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - cholera KW - toxins KW - fermentation KW - mutants KW - J 02822:Biosynthesis and physicochemical properties KW - A 01023:Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15716225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Production+of+cholera+toxin+subunit+B+by+a+mutant+strain+of+Vibrio+cholerae+.&rft.au=van+de+Walle%2C+M%3BFass%2C+R%3BShiloach%2C+J&rft.aulast=van+de+Walle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutants; cholera; fermentation; toxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proton-proton correlation via carbon-carbon couplings: A three-dimensional NMR approach for the assignment of aliphatic resonances in proteins labeled with carbon-13. AN - 15688440; 2324014 JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Kay, LE AU - Ikura, M AU - Bax, A AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 888 EP - 889 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - N.M.R. KW - carbon KW - proteins KW - radioactive labelling KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15688440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Proton-proton+correlation+via+carbon-carbon+couplings%3A+A+three-dimensional+NMR+approach+for+the+assignment+of+aliphatic+resonances+in+proteins+labeled+with+carbon-13.&rft.au=Kay%2C+LE%3BIkura%2C+M%3BBax%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence of a rat brain cDNA encoding an alpha-1B adrenergic receptor. AN - 15680257; 2316195 AB - Norepinephrine and epinephrine act via alpha-1 adrenergic receptors to increase the turnover of inositol phospholipids and increase intracellular Ca super(++) levels. The hamster alpha-1B receptor has recently been cloned. We screened a rat brain cDNA library in lambda gt11 using two oligonucleotides based on sequences present in the hamster receptor. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Voigt, M M AU - Kispert, J AU - Chin, Hemin AD - Lab. Mol. Biol., NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1053 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - alpha 1-adrenergic KW - amino acid sequence KW - brain KW - cDNA KW - genes KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - rats KW - receptors KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - G 07402:GENERAL KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15680257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Sequence+of+a+rat+brain+cDNA+encoding+an+alpha-1B+adrenergic+receptor.&rft.au=Voigt%2C+M+M%3BKispert%2C+J%3BChin%2C+Hemin&rft.aulast=Voigt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA polymerase action on bulky deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine adducts. AN - 15674931; 2309207 AB - In order to determine how individual hydrocarbon-DNA adducts give rise to specific mutations, a single-stranded oligonucleotide, 5'-T sub(8)GT sub(10)AT sub(8)C sub(2)T sub(4)CT sub(3)CT-3', was reacted with the carcinogen 7-bromomethyl-benz(a)anthracene which generates both deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine adducts in DNA. The products were separated by HPLC to yield unmodified oligonucleotide and oligonucleotide modified either at the single guanine, or at the single adenine, residue. Incubation of these products with super(32)P-5'-end-labeled primer, 5'-AGA sub(3)GA sub(4)G sub(2)-3', modified T7 DNA polymerase (Sequenase) and deoxyribonucleoside-5'-triphosphates followed by gel electrophoretic analysis indicated that unmodified oligonucleotide template allowed the primer to be rapidly extended to give species of the same length as the template (40 nucleotides) and of 41 nucleotides in length. The results, which suggest that G multiplied by C arrow right T multiplied by A and A multiplied by T arrow right T multiplied by A transversions would be the mutagenic consequences of formation of bulky hydrocarbon adducts at guanines and adenines respectively, are consistent with the most frequent hydrocarbon-induced mutational changes reported thus far. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Reardon, D B AU - Bigger, CAH AU - Dipple, A AD - BRI-Basic Res. Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Fac., Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 165 EP - 168 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - 7-bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene KW - adducts KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - N 14722:DNA polymerases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15674931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=DNA+polymerase+action+on+bulky+deoxyguanosine+and+deoxyadenosine+adducts.&rft.au=Reardon%2C+D+B%3BBigger%2C+CAH%3BDipple%2C+A&rft.aulast=Reardon&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA; mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) mRNA expression in tumor cell lines and human tumor tissues. AN - 15663034; 2303256 AB - Human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) was cloned and sequenced from an A2058 human melanoma cell cDNA library. When the sequence was compared with that of human TIMP-1 at both the nucleotide and deduced amino acid levels, the homology appeared closer at the protein level than at the nucleotide level, suggesting that these inhibitors diverged early in the evolution of this gene family. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence for TIMP-2 with that of human TIMP-1 shows that there are two regions in which the similarity is below the overall average of 66%. It is postulated that these regions are responsible for the unique ability of TIMP-2 to bind to the latent form of the 72-kDa type IV collagenase. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Stetler-Stevenson, W G AU - Brown, P D AU - Onisto, M AU - Levy, A T AU - Liotta, LA AD - Lab. Pathol., NCI, Build. 10, Rm. 2A33, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 13933 EP - 13938 VL - 265 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - cell lines KW - expression KW - genes KW - inhibitor KW - mRNA KW - man KW - metalloproteinase-2 KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - tumor KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence KW - N 14550:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15663034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Tissue+inhibitor+of+metalloproteinases-2+%28TIMP-2%29+mRNA+expression+in+tumor+cell+lines+and+human+tumor+tissues.&rft.au=Stetler-Stevenson%2C+W+G%3BBrown%2C+P+D%3BOnisto%2C+M%3BLevy%2C+A+T%3BLiotta%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Stetler-Stevenson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; man ER - TY - CONF T1 - A model for occupational accident surveillance and prevention at the regional level in Italy. AN - 15653472; 2295307 AB - The National Insurance Agency against Occupational Accidents (NIAOA) of Italy collects some information by a proper form about all the occupational accidents causing a temporary disability of more than three days. Since 1986 the National Health Service can get every year the data bases of the NIAOA referring to all the accidents whose files were completed in the previous year, independently of the year of occurrence. Various efforts were made in order to use these data bases in an epidemiological context in spite of their administrative source. In this paper the experience of Lombardy (the most populated and industrialized region in Italy) is presented. JF - Journal of Occupational Accidents AU - Arduini, L AU - Costa, G AU - De Maria, M AU - Pianosi, G Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 202 VL - 12 IS - 1-3 KW - Italy KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - occupational safety KW - accidents KW - data bases KW - H SI0.4:ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15653472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Accidents&rft.atitle=A+model+for+occupational+accident+surveillance+and+prevention+at+the+regional+level+in+Italy.&rft.au=Arduini%2C+L%3BCosta%2C+G%3BDe+Maria%2C+M%3BPianosi%2C+G&rft.aulast=Arduini&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+Accidents&rft.issn=03766349&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is the pseudo-dyad in retroviral proteinase monomers structural or evolutionary?. AN - 15648602; 2291558 AB - A pseudo-dyad was found to exist in the monomers of the crystal structures of the proteinases from Rous sarcoma virus and the human immunodeficiency virus. This dyad, also discovered earlier in pepsin-like aspartic proteinases and considered to be of probable evolutionary origin, has been shown to arise as a result of the topology and the folding of the proteinase monomers and may not therefore have much evolutionary significance. JF - FEBS Letters AU - Rao, JKM AU - Wlodawer, A AD - Crystallogr. Lab., NCI-FCRF, BRI-Basic Res. Program, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 201 EP - 205 VL - 260 IS - 2 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - Rous sarcoma virus KW - analysis KW - human immunodeficiency virus KW - monomers KW - proteinase KW - pseudo-dyad KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22032:Viral proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15648602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+Letters&rft.atitle=Is+the+pseudo-dyad+in+retroviral+proteinase+monomers+structural+or+evolutionary%3F.&rft.au=Rao%2C+JKM%3BWlodawer%2C+A&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=JKM&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=260&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+Letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pertussis vaccine controversy. AN - 15626173; 2279397 JF - Vaccine AU - Gupta, R K AD - Lab. Dev. and Mol. Immun., NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 172 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - man KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - vaccines KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15626173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Pertussis+vaccine+controversy.&rft.au=Gupta%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vaccines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HIV-1 reverse transcriptase purified from a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli . AN - 15624818; 2278103 AB - A better understanding of the structure and biochemical properties of the replicative machinery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be useful in the screening and design of drugs that could be used to treat AIDS. We have previously described a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli that produces HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Fermentation conditions for the large-scale growth of the bacterial strain and a protocol for the purification of an enzymatically active 66-Kd form of the RT have been developed. The purified RT has all of the appropriate enzymatic functions and properties. The recombinant protein can be substituted for the viral enzyme in structural and biochemical studies and used in screens for drugs that could inhibit HIV replication. JF - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses AU - Clark, P K AU - Ferris, AL AU - Miller, DA AU - Hizi, A AU - Kim, K-W AU - Deringer-Boyer, S M AU - Mellini, M L AU - Clark, AD Jr AU - Hughes, SH AD - NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Dev. Cent., P.O. Box B, Build. 539, Frederick, MD 21701-1013, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 753 EP - 764 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0889-2229, 0889-2229 KW - human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - purification KW - growth KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - Escherichia coli KW - fermentation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects KW - W 30134:Microorganisms KW - G 07313:Viruses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15624818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses&rft.atitle=HIV-1+reverse+transcriptase+purified+from+a+recombinant+strain+of+Escherichia+coli+.&rft.au=Clark%2C+P+K%3BFerris%2C+AL%3BMiller%2C+DA%3BHizi%2C+A%3BKim%2C+K-W%3BDeringer-Boyer%2C+S+M%3BMellini%2C+M+L%3BClark%2C+AD+Jr%3BHughes%2C+SH&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses&rft.issn=08892229&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; fermentation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protection of mice inoculated with purified pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin against intracerebral challenge with live Bordetella pertussis . AN - 15623577; 2269553 AB - Pertussis toxin (PT) has been considered to be the major or the only factor responsible for the protection of mice against intracerebral (i.c.) challenge with live Bordetella pertussis organisms although it was reported much earlier that other pertussis antigens, particularly filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and surface antigens of B. pertussis , also play a role in this protection. We report here our results on protection of mice inoculated with highly purified preparations of PT and FHA individually or in various combinations along with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) when these mice were challenged with live B. pertussis organisms by the i.c. route. JF - Vaccine AU - Gupta, R K AU - Saxena, S N AU - Sharma, S B AU - Ahuja, S AD - Lab. Dev. and Mol. Immun., NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 289 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - vaccines KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - hemagglutinins KW - toxins KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15623577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Protection+of+mice+inoculated+with+purified+pertussis+toxin+and+filamentous+haemagglutinin+against+intracerebral+challenge+with+live+Bordetella+pertussis+.&rft.au=Gupta%2C+R+K%3BSaxena%2C+S+N%3BSharma%2C+S+B%3BAhuja%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxins; hemagglutinins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional NOESY-HMQC spectroscopy of a super(13)C-labeled protein. AN - 15623448; 2262462 JF - J. MAGN. RESONANCE. AU - Ikura, M AU - Kay, LE AU - Tschudin, R AU - Bax, A AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 204 EP - 209 VL - 86 IS - 1 KW - N.M.R. KW - carbon KW - labelling KW - proteins KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15623448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+NOESY-HMQC+spectroscopy+of+a+super%2813%29C-labeled+protein.&rft.au=Ikura%2C+M%3BKay%2C+LE%3BTschudin%2C+R%3BBax%2C+A&rft.aulast=Ikura&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ATP-dependent Clp protease of Escherichia coli . Sequence of clpA and identification of a Clp-specific substrate. AN - 15618467; 2263886 AB - The clpA gene, which codes for the ATP-binding subunit of the ATP-dependent Clp protease of Escherichia coli , has been sequenced. The coding region contains a single open reading frame for a protein of 75B amino acids; within the amino acid sequence are two consensus sequences for ATP-binding sites. The sequence of ClpA does not resemble that of other previously described ATPases or Lon, the other sequenced ATP-dependent protease of E. coli , except in the ATP-binding site consensus region. A rho-independent terminator is located 23 bases beyond the end of the coding region. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Gottesman, S AU - Clark, W P AU - Maurizi, M R AD - Build. 37, Rm. 4B03, Lab. Mol. Biol., NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 7886 EP - 7893 VL - 264 IS - 14 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Clp proteinase KW - Escherichia coli KW - amino acid sequence KW - clpA gene KW - degradation KW - genes KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - proteins KW - role KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15618467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+ATP-dependent+Clp+protease+of+Escherichia+coli+.+Sequence+of+clpA+and+identification+of+a+Clp-specific+substrate.&rft.au=Gottesman%2C+S%3BClark%2C+W+P%3BMaurizi%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Gottesman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=7886&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; proteins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A behavioral screening assay for Daphnia magna : A method to assess the effects of xenobiotics on spacial orientation. AN - 15615535; 2264169 AB - The authors have developed a short-term, low-cost method of detecting changes in the orientative ability of Daphnia magna in response to xenobiotics. The method employs the reaction, a migration along the gradient, of D. magna to a light intensity gradient. The method was derived from techniques established to simulate and analyze migration patterns of zooplankton in the natural environment. Each test uses a minimum of 100 1- to 3-d old Daphnia exposed to a directional light beam within a circular chamber. The chamber is divided into eight sections, each containing 45 degree of arc. These quadrants can be isolated from each other, thus isolating eight groups of migrating Daphnia . Each test results in three endpoints: an average direction for the migration (mean angle), an index of the magnitude of random, undirected migration (r value) and a percentage of nonresponse. The method was validated by showing a positive dose-related response to a known neurotoxin, lindane. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Goodrich AU - Lech, J J AD - NIEHS Aquatic Biomed. Cent., Great Lakes Res. Facil., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 21 EP - 30 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - behaviour KW - bioindicators KW - orientation behaviour KW - phototaxis KW - pollution indicators KW - spatial orientation KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - xenobiotics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Daphnia magna KW - toxicity KW - pollution effects KW - insecticides KW - bioassays KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15615535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+behavioral+screening+assay+for+Daphnia+magna+%3A+A+method+to+assess+the+effects+of+xenobiotics+on+spacial+orientation.&rft.au=Goodrich%3BLech%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Goodrich&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; toxicity; pollution indicators; behaviour; orientation behaviour; bioassays; toxicity tests; pollution effects; phototaxis; toxicity testing; bioindicators; Daphnia magna; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of thymidylate synthase inhibition by methotrexate in human neoplastic cell lines and normal human myeloid progenitor cells. AN - 15614639; 2261903 AB - We have studied the roles of 5,10-methyl-enetetrahydrofolate (5,10-methylene-H sub(4)PteGlu) depletion and dihydrofolate (H sub(2)PteGlu) accumulation in the inhibition of de novo thymidylate synthesis by methotrexate in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Our findings suggest that acute inhibition of de novo thymidylate synthesis is a multifactorial process consisting of partial substrate depletion and direct enzymatic inhibition by H sub(2)PteGlu polyglutamates. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Chu, E AU - Drake, J C AU - Boarman, D AU - Baram, J AU - Allegra, C J AD - Build. 10, Rm. 12N226, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 8470 EP - 8478 VL - 265 IS - 15 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - MCF-7 KW - carcinoma KW - cell lines KW - inhibition KW - mammary gland KW - man KW - mechanisms KW - methotrexate KW - thymidylate synthase KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15614639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+thymidylate+synthase+inhibition+by+methotrexate+in+human+neoplastic+cell+lines+and+normal+human+myeloid+progenitor+cells.&rft.au=Chu%2C+E%3BDrake%2C+J+C%3BBoarman%2C+D%3BBaram%2C+J%3BAllegra%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=8470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New methods for the measurement of NH-C alpha H coupling constants in super(15)N-labeled proteins. AN - 15614285; 2263121 AB - Several new techniques, requiring super(15)N incorporation, are described for measuring NH-C alpha H J couplings in proteins. super(1)H-detected heteronuclear super(1)H- super(15)N multiple-quantum correlation spectra retain the homonuclear J coupling information. Because of the favorable relaxation properties of super(15)N- super(1)H zero- and double-quantum coherences significant line narrowing occurs in the F sub(1) dimension compared to the regular NH super(1)H linewidth, permitting high accuracy measurements of J splittings, even for medium sized proteins. Methods for convenient analysis of such coupling information are described, correcting for linewidth and dispersion mode contributions. The new approach is demonstrated for the protein staphylococcal nuclease (18 kDa), complexed with pdTp and calcium. JF - J. MAGN. RESONANCE. AU - Kay, LE AU - Bax, A AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 110 EP - 126 VL - 86 IS - 1 KW - N.M.R. KW - Staphylococcus KW - deoxyribonuclease KW - incorporation KW - measurements KW - nitrogen KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15614285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.atitle=New+methods+for+the+measurement+of+NH-C+alpha+H+coupling+constants+in+super%2815%29N-labeled+proteins.&rft.au=Kay%2C+LE%3BBax%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practical aspects of proton-carbon-carbon-proton three-dimensional correlation spectroscopy of super(13)C-labeled proteins. AN - 15613836; 2263682 JF - J. MAGN. RESONANCE. AU - Bax, A AU - Clore, G M AU - Driscoll, P C AU - Gronenborn, A M AU - Ikura, M AU - Kay, LE AD - Lab. Chem. Phys., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 620 EP - 627 VL - 87 IS - 3 KW - N.M.R. KW - carbon-13 KW - labeling KW - proteins KW - three-dimensional KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15613836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.atitle=Practical+aspects+of+proton-carbon-carbon-proton+three-dimensional+correlation+spectroscopy+of+super%2813%29C-labeled+proteins.&rft.au=Bax%2C+A%3BClore%2C+G+M%3BDriscoll%2C+P+C%3BGronenborn%2C+A+M%3BIkura%2C+M%3BKay%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Bax&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+MAGN.+RESONANCE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic denitrosation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in vivo in the rat. AN - 15612694; 2248945 AB - Enzymatic denitrosation is a potentially inactivating metabolic route that has been shown to convert carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) to methylamine (MA) in vitro. To investigate its quantitative course in vivo, groups of 8-week-old male Fischer rats have been given small (8-15 mu mol/kg) p.o. or i.v. bolus doses of super(14)C-labeled NDMA and the subsequent formation of radioactive MA has been monitored by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of serially collected blood samples from each individual. Adjusting the ( super(14)C)MA fluxes observed for the previously measured rates at which MA is itself eliminated from the system after intragastric administration, denitrosation was calculated to represent a rather uniform 21.3% (SE) of total NDMA elimination in the four animals studied. By contrast, repetition of the experiment with fully deuterated NDMA (NDMA-d sub(6)) revealed a significantly wider variance in the results (39.8%). JF - Cancer Research AU - Streeter, A J AU - Nims, R W AU - Sheffels, PR AU - Heur, Young-Hun AU - Yang, Chung S AU - Mico, BA AU - Gombar, C T AU - Keefer, L K AD - NCI-FCRF, Build. 538, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1144 EP - 1150 VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - N-nitrosodimethylamine KW - denitrosation KW - in vivo KW - rats KW - methylamine KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15612694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Metabolic+denitrosation+of+N-nitrosodimethylamine+in+vivo+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Streeter%2C+A+J%3BNims%2C+R+W%3BSheffels%2C+PR%3BHeur%2C+Young-Hun%3BYang%2C+Chung+S%3BMico%2C+BA%3BGombar%2C+C+T%3BKeefer%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=Streeter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite and cadmium(II) as probes of glucocorticoid receptor structure and function. AN - 15602078; 2255751 AB - Low concentrations of arsenite, but not arsenate, and Cd super(2+) blocked steroid binding to the glucocorticoid receptors of HTC cells. Inhibition by arsenite was faster and occurred at lower concentrations than for Cd super(2+). Half-maximal inhibition of ( super(3)H)dexamethasone binding was seen after a 30-min preincubation with similar to 7 mu M arsenite. The effect of arsenite and of Cd super(2+) appears to be mediated by a reaction with vicinal dithiols of the receptor as shown by (a) the reversal of arsenite inhibition by much lower concentrations of dithiothreitol ( similar to 0.1 mM) than of beta -mercaptoethanol ( similar to 10 mM); (b) the ability of both arsenite and Cd super(2+) to block ( super(3)H)dexamethasone 21-mesylate labeling of receptors but not of other thiol-containing proteins; and (c) the known selectivity of arsenite and of Cd super(2+) for reactions with vicinal dithiols. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Simons, SS Jr AU - Chakraborti, P K AU - Cavanaugh, AH AD - Build. 8, Rm. B2A-07, NIDDK/LAC, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1938 EP - 1945 VL - 265 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - arsenite KW - cadmium KW - function KW - glucocorticoids KW - probes KW - receptors KW - structure KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15602078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Arsenite+and+cadmium%28II%29+as+probes+of+glucocorticoid+receptor+structure+and+function.&rft.au=Simons%2C+SS+Jr%3BChakraborti%2C+P+K%3BCavanaugh%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Simons&rft.aufirst=SS&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1938&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational risk factors for gastric cancer in Shanghai, China AN - 1560138159; 19416337 AB - Occupational data for over 13,000 incident stomach cancer cases reported to the Shanghai Cancer Registry between 1980 and 1984 were compared with 1982 census employment information to calculate standardized incidence ratios for stomach cancer in the Shanghai urban area. Several occupations were found to have statistically significantly increased risks for stomach cancer, most notably grain farming and several jobs involving potential for exposure to metal, wood, and other dusts and to fossil fuel combustion products. Because of the large numbers involved and consistency of associations, the findings raise hypotheses regarding occupational exposures that warrant further investigation. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Kneller, Robert W AU - Gao, Yu-Tang AU - McLaughlin, Joseph K AU - Gao, Ru-Nie AU - Blot, William J AU - Liu, Ming-Hao AU - Sheng, Ji-Ping AU - Fraumeni, Joseph F AD - Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 69 EP - 78 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - gastric cancer epidemiology KW - grain farming KW - dust KW - metal working KW - fossil fuel combustion products KW - Combustion products KW - Employment KW - Dust KW - Risk factors KW - Grains KW - Gastric cancer KW - Occupational exposure KW - Urban areas KW - Metals KW - Data processing KW - Fossil fuels KW - Wood KW - Cancer KW - Health risks KW - Grain KW - Standards KW - Census KW - China, People's Rep. KW - China, People's Rep., Shanghai KW - X 24360:Metals KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560138159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Occupational+risk+factors+for+gastric+cancer+in+Shanghai%2C+China&rft.au=Kneller%2C+Robert+W%3BGao%2C+Yu-Tang%3BMcLaughlin%2C+Joseph+K%3BGao%2C+Ru-Nie%3BBlot%2C+William+J%3BLiu%2C+Ming-Hao%3BSheng%2C+Ji-Ping%3BFraumeni%2C+Joseph+F&rft.aulast=Kneller&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.4700180108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Data processing; Fossil fuels; Combustion products; Risk factors; Grain; Census; Gastric cancer; Dust; Occupational exposure; Wood; Employment; Cancer; Health risks; Standards; Grains; Urban areas; China, People's Rep., Shanghai; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700180108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FMRF-NH sub(2)-like peptide is deficient in the pituitary gland of the Brattleboro rat. AN - 15597616; 2242280 AB - F-8-F-NH sub(2), isolated from bovine brain, is an FMRF-NH sub(2)-like peptide with morphine-modulating activity. In the rat, F-8-F-NH sub(2) immunoreactivity (IR) is highly localized in the neurohypophysis. In this study, F-8-F-NH sub(2)-IR was studied in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system of an Arg super(8)-vasopressin (AVP)-deficient animal, the Brattleboro (DI) rat, and the normal control Long-Evans (LE) strain. The results of this study raise the question whether AVP could be involved in the regulation of F-8-F-NH sub(2) immunoreactivity in the neurohypophysis. JF - Peptides AU - Majane, E A AU - Yang, Hsiu-Ying T AD - Lab. Biochem. Genet., NIMH Neurosci. Cent., St. Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 345 EP - 349 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 0196-9781, 0196-9781 KW - FMRF-NH sub(2)-like peptide KW - correlation KW - deficiency KW - diabetes insipidus KW - pituitary KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15597616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peptides&rft.atitle=FMRF-NH+sub%282%29-like+peptide+is+deficient+in+the+pituitary+gland+of+the+Brattleboro+rat.&rft.au=Majane%2C+E+A%3BYang%2C+Hsiu-Ying+T&rft.aulast=Majane&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Peptides&rft.issn=01969781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of arsine gas in B6C3F sub(1) mice, Fischer 344 rats, and Syrian golden hamsters: System organ studies and comparison of clinical indices of exposure. AN - 15594099; 2249607 AB - In order to examine possible species differences in response to arsine exposure, multiple inhalation studies consisting of acute (1-day), subacute (14- and 28-day), and subchronic (90-day) exposures to this agent were conducted using three different species of rodents. No changes in body weight gain were observed in either sex of mice or hamsters. The only decrease in body weight gain occurred in male rats exposed to 5.0 ppm arsine for 28 days. Significant exposure-related increases in relative spleen weights occurred in both sexes of mice and rats in the 0.5 (except 14-day female rats), 2.5, 5.0 ppm exposure groups from all studies and in hamsters in the 2.5 and 5.0 ppm exposure groups. Generally, increases in relative liver weight occurred in fewer exposure groups and were of a lesser magnitude than increases in spleen weight. Other parameters affected included decreased packed cell volumes (mice, rats, and hamsters), hematology profiles (rats), and an increase in delta -aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in all species. Arsenic content was measured in livers of rats after 90 days of exposure. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Blair, P C AU - Thompson, M B AU - Morrissey, R E AU - Moorman, M P AU - Sloane, R A AU - Fowler, BA AD - Chem. Pathol., Natl. Toxicol. Program, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 776 EP - 787 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - arsine KW - toxicity KW - rats KW - mice KW - hamsters KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - spleen KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15594099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+toxicity+of+arsine+gas+in+B6C3F+sub%281%29+mice%2C+Fischer+344+rats%2C+and+Syrian+golden+hamsters%3A+System+organ+studies+and+comparison+of+clinical+indices+of+exposure.&rft.au=Blair%2C+P+C%3BThompson%2C+M+B%3BMorrissey%2C+R+E%3BMoorman%2C+M+P%3BSloane%2C+R+A%3BFowler%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=776&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - spleen; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of homology modeling of HIV protease. AN - 15585635; 2235894 AB - The model of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease which was based on the crystal structure of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) protease has been compared to the recently determined crystal structure of chemically synthesized HIV-1 protease. The overall difference between the model and crystal structure was 1.4 angstrom root mean square (rms) deviation for 86 superimposed C alpha atoms. The position of the flexible flap differs in the model and six residues at the amino terminus were incorrectly placed. With these exceptions, all atoms of the model and crystal structure agree to 2.1 angstrom rms deviation. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Genetics AU - Weber, I T AD - Crystallogr. Lab., NCI-Frederick Cancer Res. Facil., BRI-Basic Res. Program, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 172 EP - 184 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - X-ray crystallography KW - comparison KW - human immunodeficiency virus KW - models KW - proteinase KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22003:AIDS: Immunological aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15585635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+homology+modeling+of+HIV+protease.&rft.au=Weber%2C+I+T&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - X-ray crystallography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low incidence of hospitalization with gallbladder disease among blacks in the United States. AN - 15583036; 2230168 AB - Low rates of gallbladder disease among blacks have been reported but not systematically studied. The authors investigated the rate of hospitalization with a diagnosis of gallbladder disease in the follow-up in 1982-1984 of the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a population-based study conducted across the United States in 1971-1975. Based on hospital discharge diagnoses of gallbladder disease, 368 cases were identified for the period 1971-1984 among 10,551 persons, aged 25-74 years, who denied gallbladder disease at the baseline examination. The crude incidence of gallbladder disease per 1,000 person-years was 2.59 for white men, 1.45 for black men, 4.09 for white women, and 2.35 for black women. Controlling for obesity, parity, ethanol consumption, use of diuretics, use of oral contraceptives, and two indicators of socioeconomic status, the authors found that the hazard rate of hospitalization with gallbladder disease increased with age for white women and decreased for black women. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Sichieri, R AU - Everhart, JE AU - Roth, H P AD - Div. Dig. Dis. and Nutr., NIDDK, Rm. 106, Federal Build., 7550 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 826 EP - 835 VL - 131 IS - 5 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - epidemiology KW - gallbladder diseases KW - United States KW - diagnosis KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - surveys KW - H SM3.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15583036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Low+incidence+of+hospitalization+with+gallbladder+disease+among+blacks+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Sichieri%2C+R%3BEverhart%2C+JE%3BRoth%2C+H+P&rft.aulast=Sichieri&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surveys ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purification and properties of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase from rat brain. Susceptibility to calpain. AN - 15582901; 2237693 AB - A new, rapid method for purification of inositol(1,4,5)P sub(3) 3-kinase in high yield from rat brain is described. Purified enzyme exhibited a polypeptide of M sub(r) = 53,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and a specific activity of 29 mu mol/min/mg at 37 degree C in the absence of calmodulin. Inclusion of calpain inhibitors was critical for obtaining the 53-kDa protein as the major product and 0.1% of the zwittwerionic detergent, 3-((3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylamino)-2-propanesulfonate, was necessary to stabilize enzyme activity. In the absence of calpain inhibitors, the 53-kDa protein degraded progressively during purification and yielded a mixture containing polypeptide of various sizes. Relative intensity of these degradation products on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel varied from one preparation to another. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Lee, Sang Yeol AU - Sim, Sang Soo AU - Kim, Jae Won AU - Moon, Kyung Ho AU - Kim, Jung Hye AU - Rhee, Sue Goo AD - Lab. Biochem., NHLBI, NIH, Build. 3, Rm. 122, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 9434 EP - 9440 VL - 265 IS - 16 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase KW - brain KW - calpain KW - degradation KW - purification KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - N3 11070:Neurochemistry and cellular biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15582901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Purification+and+properties+of+D-myo-inositol+1%2C4%2C5-trisphosphate+3-kinase+from+rat+brain.+Susceptibility+to+calpain.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+Yeol%3BSim%2C+Sang+Soo%3BKim%2C+Jae+Won%3BMoon%2C+Kyung+Ho%3BKim%2C+Jung+Hye%3BRhee%2C+Sue+Goo&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=9434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive effects of diethylene glycol and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether in Swiss CD-1 mice assessed by a continuous breeding protocol. AN - 15579093; 2239065 AB - Diethylene glycol (DEG) and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DEGEE) were evaluated for reproductive toxicity in CD-1 mice using a continuous breeding protocol. Compounds were administered in the drinking water at 0, 0.35, 1.75, and 3.5% w/v (DEG) or 0, 0.25, 1.25, and 2.5% w/v (DEGEE). Exposure of the breeding pairs to 3.5% DEG for 14 weeks produced statistically significant decreases in the number of litters per pair, live pups per litter, proportion of pups born alive, and live pup weight. There was also a significant increase in the cumulative days to litter and a significant decrease in the number of pairs producing the third, fourth, and fifth litters for the 3.5% DEG-exposed mice. A crossover mating trial of the F sub(0) mice to determine the affected sex was inconclusive, but suggested that offspring development was compromised in females exposed to 3.5% DEG. Slight maternal (F sub(0)) toxicity was noted for the 3.5% DEG group (7% decrease in body weight). JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Williams, J AU - Reel, J R AU - George, J D AU - Lamb, JC IV AD - Dev. and Reprod. Toxicol. Group, Natl. Toxicol. Program, NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 622 EP - 635 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - diethylene glycol KW - effects on KW - carbitol KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reproduction KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15579093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+effects+of+diethylene+glycol+and+diethylene+glycol+monoethyl+ether+in+Swiss+CD-1+mice+assessed+by+a+continuous+breeding+protocol.&rft.au=Williams%2C+J%3BReel%2C+J+R%3BGeorge%2C+J+D%3BLamb%2C+JC+IV&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitochondrial myopathy caused by long-term zidovudine therapy. AN - 15560234; 2224255 AB - Both infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and zidovudine, ((AZT)) cause myopathy. To identify criteria for distinguishing zidovudine-induced myopathy from that caused by primary HIV infection, we reviewed the histochemical, immunocytochemical, and electron-microscopical features of muscle-biopsy specimens from 20 HIV-positive patients with myopathy and compared the findings with the patients' clinical course and response to various therapies. We conclude that long-term therapy with zidovudine can cause a toxic mitochondrial myopathy, which coexists with a T-cell-mediated inflammatory myopathy that is restricted to MHC-1 antigen, and is indistinguishable from the myopathy associated with primary HIV infection or polymyositis in HIV-seronegative patients. JF - New England Journal of Medicine AU - Dalakas, M C AU - Illa, I AU - Pezeshkpour, G H AU - Laukaitis, J P AU - Cohen, B AU - Griffin, J L AD - Build. 10, Rm. 4N248, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 1098 EP - 1105 VL - 322 IS - 16 SN - 0028-4793, 0028-4793 KW - human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - treatment KW - clinical aspects KW - zidovudine KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - mitochondria KW - myopathy KW - biopsy KW - electron microscopy KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - V 22004:AIDS: Clinical aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15560234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+myopathy+caused+by+long-term+zidovudine+therapy.&rft.au=Dalakas%2C+M+C%3BIlla%2C+I%3BPezeshkpour%2C+G+H%3BLaukaitis%2C+J+P%3BCohen%2C+B%3BGriffin%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Dalakas&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1098&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - myopathy; biopsy; mitochondria; electron microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local cerebral glucose utilization in monkeys with hemiparkinsonism induced by intracarotid infusion of the neurotoxin MPTP. AN - 15489955; 2219239 AB - Quantitative 2-( super(14)C)deoxyglucose autoradiography was used to map the pattern of alterations in local cerebral glucose utilization associated with unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta produced by the infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into one internal carotid artery of rhesus monkeys. Eighty-two brain areas were examined, and statistically significant metabolic changes were confined mainly to basal ganglia structures ipsilateral to the side of the lesion. Glucose utilization was reduced in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, i.e., in the areas of cell loss. JF - Journal of Neuroscience AU - Palombo, E AU - Porrino, L J AU - Bankiewicz, K S AU - Crane, A M AU - Sokoloff, L AU - Kopin, I J AD - Clin. Neurosci. Branch, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, Build. 10, Rm. 5N-214, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 860 EP - 869 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0270-6474, 0270-6474 KW - glucose metabolism KW - changes KW - unilateral KW - lesions KW - substantia nigra KW - hemiparkinsonism KW - MPTP KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Macaca mulatta KW - cerebrum KW - N3 11070:Neurochemistry and cellular biology KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15489955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Local+cerebral+glucose+utilization+in+monkeys+with+hemiparkinsonism+induced+by+intracarotid+infusion+of+the+neurotoxin+MPTP.&rft.au=Palombo%2C+E%3BPorrino%2C+L+J%3BBankiewicz%2C+K+S%3BCrane%2C+A+M%3BSokoloff%2C+L%3BKopin%2C+I+J&rft.aulast=Palombo&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Neuroscience&rft.issn=02706474&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macaca mulatta; cerebrum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functionalized congener approach for the design of novel muscarinic agents. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-methyl-N-(4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl) amides. AN - 15476468; 2208160 JF - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry AU - Bradbury, B J AU - Baumgold, J AU - Jacobson, KA AD - Lab. Chem., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 741 EP - 748 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - acetylcholine KW - analogs KW - analysis KW - interaction KW - muscarinic KW - pyrrolidinyl butynyl amide KW - receptors KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15476468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Functionalized+congener+approach+for+the+design+of+novel+muscarinic+agents.+Synthesis+and+pharmacological+evaluation+of+N-methyl-N-%284-%281-pyrrolidinyl%29-2-butynyl%29+amides.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+B+J%3BBaumgold%2C+J%3BJacobson%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Affinity purification, peptide analysis, and cDNA sequence of the mouse interferon gamma receptor. AN - 15468949; 2199491 AB - The receptor for mouse interferon gamma (IFN- gamma ) was purified from detergent-solubilized plasma membranes of EL-4, a thymoma cell line which expresses a high number of receptors on its cell surface. The purification was carried out by immunoaffinity chromatography using an anti-receptor monoclonal antibody. The purified receptor was subjected to NH sub(2)-terminal sequence analysis as well as sequencing of endopeptidase-generated peptides. The mouse and human IFN- gamma receptors are structurally similar, showing 51% overall homology in amino acid sequence. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Cofano, F AU - Moore, S K AU - Tanaka, S AU - Yuhki, N AU - Landolfo, S AU - Appella, E AD - NCI, NIH, Build. 37, Rm. 1B04, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 4064 EP - 4071 VL - 265 IS - 7 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - EL-4 cells KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - gamma -interferon KW - genes KW - mice KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - receptors KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - G 07398:GENERAL KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15468949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Affinity+purification%2C+peptide+analysis%2C+and+cDNA+sequence+of+the+mouse+interferon+gamma+receptor.&rft.au=Cofano%2C+F%3BMoore%2C+S+K%3BTanaka%2C+S%3BYuhki%2C+N%3BLandolfo%2C+S%3BAppella%2C+E&rft.aulast=Cofano&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4064&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione and ascorbate reduction of the acetaminophen radical formed by peroxidase. Detection of the glutathione disulfide radical anion and the ascorbyl radical. AN - 15456717; 2188024 AB - The acetaminophen phenoxyl radical was generated by the oxidation of acetaminophen by horseradish peroxidase in a fast-flow ESR experiment, and its reaction with glutathione and ascorbate was studied. Glutathione reduces the phenoxyl radical of acetaminophen to regenerate acetaminophen and form the thiyl radical of glutathione. This thiyl radical reacts with the thiolate anion of glutathione to form the disulfide radical anion, which was detected and characterized by ESR spectroscopy. The reactions may have significance in the detoxification of acetaminophen and the free radical metabolites of xenobiotics in general. Only in cells containing low levels of ascorbate can glutathione play a direct role in the detoxification of the acetaminophen phenoxyl radical. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Rao, DNR AU - Fischer, V AU - Mason, R P AD - Mail Drop 1003, NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 844 EP - 847 VL - 265 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - E.S.R. KW - formation KW - glutathione disulfide KW - horseradish peroxidase KW - radicals KW - reactions KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15456717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Glutathione+and+ascorbate+reduction+of+the+acetaminophen+radical+formed+by+peroxidase.+Detection+of+the+glutathione+disulfide+radical+anion+and+the+ascorbyl+radical.&rft.au=Rao%2C+DNR%3BFischer%2C+V%3BMason%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=DNR&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The sequence of an adrenal specific human cDNA, pG2. AN - 15452265; 2187189 AB - We previously reported the isolation of a cDNA clone, pG2, from a human pheochromocytoma, a tumor of mature adrenal chromaffin cells. We have now isolated a full length cDNA from a human adrenal cDNA library. The clone contains 1557 bp insert and a poly A tail of 73 bp that corresponds closely in size to the 1.6 kb mRNA recognized by pG2. The nucleotide sequence is not homologous to any previously reported sequences. The predicted protein encoded by pG2 contains 286 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of approximately 30,600 daltons. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Helman, L J AU - Sack, N AU - Plon, SE AU - Israel, MA AD - Mol. Genet. Sect., Pediatr. Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 685 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - chromaffin cells KW - gene products KW - genes KW - man KW - nucleotide sequence KW - pG2 gene KW - predictions KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15452265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=The+sequence+of+an+adrenal+specific+human+cDNA%2C+pG2.&rft.au=Helman%2C+L+J%3BSack%2C+N%3BPlon%2C+SE%3BIsrael%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Helman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chromaffin cells; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National carcinogens: They're found in many foods. AN - 15409873; 2149740 AB - Epidemiologists are continually coming up with clues about the causes of different types of human cancer, and these hypotheses are then refined by animal and metabolic studies. This approach will, in my view, lead to the understanding of the causal factors for the major human cancers during the next decade. Current epidemiologic data point to the major risk factors for human cancer as cigarette smoking (30 percent of cancer), dietary imbalances, hormones, viruses, and lifestyle factors--not to such factors as water pollution or synthetic pesticide residues. JF - Health & Environment Digest AU - Ames, B N AD - NIEHS, Environ. Health Sci. Cent., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 VL - 4 IS - 1 KW - foods KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - epidemiology KW - carcinogens KW - risk assessment KW - H SE4.27:FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES KW - H SM3.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15409873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.atitle=National+carcinogens%3A+They%27re+found+in+many+foods.&rft.au=Ames%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4%2B&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; epidemiology; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and evolution of a human erythroid transcription factor. AN - 15395670; 2143426 AB - Vertebrate erythroid cells contain a tissue-specific transcription factor referred to as Eryf 1, GF-1 or NF-E1, for which binding sites are widely distributed in the promoters and enhancers of the globin gene family, and of other erythroid-specific genes. Aberrant binding of the human factor to a mutant site has been implicated in one form of hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin (HPFH). We report here the cloning of the cDNA for the human Eryf 1 encoding gene. The central third of the hEryf 1 cDNA, containing two "finger" motifs, is almost identical to that of chicken or mouse. The amino- and carboxy-terminal thirds of the human protein are similar to those of mouse, but are strikingly different from the corresponding domains in chicken. JF - Nature AU - Trainor, C D AU - Evans, T AU - Felsenfeld, G AU - Boguski AD - Lab. Mol. Biol., NIDDK, Natl. Inst. Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 1990 PY - 1990 DA - 1990 SP - 92 EP - 96 VL - 343 IS - 6253 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Eryf 1 protein KW - amino acid sequence KW - cDNA KW - erythroid cells KW - genes KW - nucleotide sequence KW - predictions KW - transcription factors KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 3: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins (till 1993); Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Human Genome Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07430:Chromosome studies/nucleotide sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15395670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Structure+and+evolution+of+a+human+erythroid+transcription+factor.&rft.au=Trainor%2C+C+D%3BEvans%2C+T%3BFelsenfeld%2C+G%3BBoguski&rft.aulast=Trainor&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=6253&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; transcription factors ER -