FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Manifold, CA AF Manifold, CA TI Clinical pearls - Rash - Fixed drug eruption. SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE rash; fixed drug eruption; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ID ADVERSE CUTANEOUS REACTIONS; INPATIENTS; PATTERN C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Emergency Med Residency, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Manifold, CA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 59MDW MCE, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1018 EP + PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 128PL UT WOS:000076415000016 PM 9862596 ER PT J AU Denoyer, KK Peterson, LD AF Denoyer, KK Peterson, LD TI Comparing model update error residuals and effects on model predictive accuracy SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLEXIBILITY MATRICES; STIFFNESS; ORTHOGONALIZATION AB The effect of error residual choice on the predictive capability of an updated structural model is examined. First, analytical expressions are developed that relate errors in dynamically measured static flexibility matrices, stiffness matrices, and modal matrices, The analysis shows that flexibility, stiffness, and modal error residuals correspond to unique weightings on the error in the measured modal data. Next, the flexibility weighting indicator and the stiffness weighting indicator are defined to provide a simple means of ranking individual modes in terms of their potential contribution to errors in a measured static flexibility or stiffness matrix. Finally, expressions are developed for bounding model prediction errors when static flexibility, stiffness, or modal error residuals are used, The results show that the amount of uncertainty in predicted static displacements, static loads, and mode shapes and frequencies is directly related to the choice of error residual and is different in each case. These results are also illustrated using numerical simulations for a modified version of Kabe's problem, which includes model form errors. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Branch, Space Vehicles Directorate,VSDV, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ Colorado, Ctr Aerosp Struct, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Denoyer, KK (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Branch, Space Vehicles Directorate,VSDV, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 36 IS 10 BP 1894 EP 1900 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 126VQ UT WOS:000076315500017 ER PT J AU Breitigan, JM AF Breitigan, JM TI Protecting children in the community from poisons SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, Biomed Sci Corp, 74th Med Grp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Breitigan, JM (reprint author), USAF, Biomed Sci Corp, 74th Med Grp, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 55 IS 19 BP 1971 EP 1973 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 125JL UT WOS:000076234400008 PM 9784782 ER PT J AU Diffin, DC Leyendecker, JR Johnson, SP Zucker, RJ Grebe, PJ AF Diffin, DC Leyendecker, JR Johnson, SP Zucker, RJ Grebe, PJ TI Effect of anatomic distribution of pulmonary emboli on interobserver agreement in the interpretation of pulmonary angiography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society 98th CY APR 26-MAY 01, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc ID SCINTIGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS; SPIRAL CT AB OBJECTIVE, This study examines the anatomic distribution of emboli on pulmonary angiography and attempts to determine the relationship of vessel size to interobserver agreement, two factors having important implications in comparing pulmonary angiography with cross-sectional imaging for pulmonary embolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred twenty-five consecutive pulmonary angiograms were reviewed retrospectively by three interventional radiologists. Initial interpretations were recorded and compared to determine interobserver agreement on a per-patient and per-embolus basis. Discordant interpretations were reviewed by all radiologists for a consensus interpretation. RESULTS. Unanimous per-patient agreement occurred in 91% (114/125) of initial interpretations. The largest artery containing acute pulmonary embolism was segmental or larger in 24 patients (83% of patients with acute positive findings, 19% of all patients) and subsegmental in only five patients (17% and 4%, respectively). On a per-patient basis, initial interobserver agreement averaged 45% and unanimous consensus agreement was achieved for 79% of patients having isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism. Consensus readings altered initial per-patient interpretations for 30% of patients having only subsegmental pulmonary embolism; per-embolus interpretations were altered for 37% of all subsegmental emboli. CONCLUSION. Subsegmental emboli occurring as isolated findings are relatively rare. Approximately one third of subsegmental emboli and one third of patients having isolated subsegmental emboli may be initially misdiagnosed on pulmonary angiography. Objections to cross-sectional imaging for pulmonary embolism based on the inability to detect subsegmental pulmonary embolism when compared with pulmonary angiography should be reexamined with this data in mind. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MTRD, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. 89th MDSS, SGSAR, Malcom Grow Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Andrews AFB, MD 20331 USA. RP Diffin, DC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MTRD, 59th Med Wing,2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 15 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 171 IS 4 BP 1085 EP 1089 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 123GK UT WOS:000076117300036 PM 9763002 ER PT J AU Rudzinski, WE Yin, J Norman, SH Glaska, DA AF Rudzinski, WE Yin, J Norman, SH Glaska, DA TI Determination of hexamethylene-based isocyanates in spray-painting operations - Part 1. Evaluation of a polyurethane foam sponges sampler SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID DIISOCYANATE; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; MDI AB A polyurethane foam (PUF) sponge was mounted in a cassette sampler and evaluated as a sorbent for the collection of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) monomer and HDI-based oligomers. Recovery studies indicated 112 +/- 34% average recovery of HDI monomer and 92 +/- 9% and 97 +/- 25% average recovery of HDI-based oligomers when using impregnated PUF sponges. The PUF sponge was also evaluated during actual spray-painting operations. In a series of side-by-side sampling events, an impinger filled with 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (MOP) in toluene was compared directly with a cassette sampler containing a PUF sponge impregnated with MOP or 1-(9-anthracenylmethyl)piperazine (MAP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). For the analysis of HDI-based oligomer, there is no significant difference (p < 0.05, n = 7) in the air concentration when sampling with either the PUF sponge cassette or the impinger. The results are significant because they indicate that a PUF sponge, which is more convenient than an impinger, may be used for the collection of HDI-based oligomer generated during spray-painting operations. C1 SW Texas State Univ, Dept Chem, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. SGPB, 12AMDS, Randolph AFB, TX 78150 USA. RP Rudzinski, WE (reprint author), SW Texas State Univ, Dept Chem, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. FU NIOSH CDC HHS [R01OH03295-01] NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD OCT PY 1998 VL 123 IS 10 BP 2079 EP 2083 DI 10.1039/a803942i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 129FP UT WOS:000076453400027 PM 10209893 ER PT J AU Oates, DE Habib, Y Lehner, C Herd, J Ono, R Vale, L AF Oates, DE Habib, Y Lehner, C Herd, J Ono, R Vale, L TI Modeling the nonlinear surface impedance of high-T-c thin films SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; POWER DEPENDENCE; YBA2CU3O7-X; LOSSES AB To explore the idea that weak links are responsible for power dependence, we have measured and modeled the microwave impedance of fabricated Josephson-junctions, in which we have observed evidence for Josephson-vortex creation and annihilation by the microwave currents. We believe that we have observed long-junction effects in fabricated high-T-c Josephson-junctions and that these are the first observation of microwave-frequency vortex creation. To explain the nonlinear surface impedance of thin films of the high-T-c materials, an extended-coupled-grain model is introduced and discussed. The model incorporates a series array of Josephson-junction defects with a distribution of IcRn products. Comparison with experiments shows good qualitative agreement. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USAF, Rome Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Oates, DE (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 6 IS 10-12 BP 531 EP 539 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 251VE UT WOS:000083466400008 ER PT J AU Dunphy, CH Lattuada, CP AF Dunphy, CH Lattuada, CP TI Follicular center cell lymphoma with an extremely high content of T cells - Case report with useful diagnostic techniques SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISORDERS; SUBSETS; NODES AB Follicular center cell lymphomas often contain a prominent population of T cells, most commonly in the interfollicular regions and with a helper immunophenotype. We report a case of follicular center cell lymphoma (follicular, mixed cell types) with a prominent population of T cells (normal CD4-CD8 ratio) in both the interfollicular and follicular regions. The prominent T-cell population resulted in misleading flow cytometric immunophenotypic findings. Immunoperoxidase stains (L-26, LN-2, and Bcl-2) confirmed the neoplastic follicular center cell origin and aided in subclassification. C1 St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol,Div Hematopathol, Hlth Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. USAF, Med Corp, Dept Oncol, Med Grp 375, Scott AFB, IL USA. RP Dunphy, CH (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol,Div Hematopathol, Hlth Sci Ctr, 1402 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 122 IS 10 BP 936 EP 938 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 128BC UT WOS:000076384500015 PM 9786358 ER PT J AU Carretta, TR Retzlaff, PD Callister, JD King, RE AF Carretta, TR Retzlaff, PD Callister, JD King, RE TI A comparison of two US Air Force pilot aptitude tests SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OFFICER QUALIFYING TEST; TRAINING PERFORMANCE; PREDICTING PILOT; FIT INDEXES; SELECTION AB Background: The Air Force Officer Qualifying Test (AFOQT) and Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) were administered to 2233 U.S. Air Force pilot candidates to investigate the common sources of valiance in those batteries. The AFOQT was operationally administered as part of the officer commissioning and aircrew selection testing requirement. The MAB is a clinical test battery and was administered to provide an intellectual baseline to assist clinicians when it becomes necessary to evaluate pilots with cognitive referral questions. Results: A joint factor analysis of the AFOQT and MAB revealed that each battery had a hierarchical structure. The higher-order factor in the AFOQT previously had been identified as general cognitive ability (g). The intercorrelation between the higher-order factors from the batteries was 0.981, indicating that both measured g. Although both batteries measured g and included verbal, spatial, and perceptual speed tests, the AFOQT also included tests of aviation knowledge not found in the MAB. Conclusion: Additional studies are required to evaluate the utility of the AFOQT for clinical assessment and the MAB for officer and aircrew selection. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Training Effectiveness Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Carretta, TR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Training Effectiveness Branch, AFRL-HEAB,7909 Lindbergh Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 69 IS 10 BP 931 EP 935 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 123KY UT WOS:000076125400001 PM 9773892 ER PT J AU Kannan, N Raychaudhuri, A Pilmanis, AA AF Kannan, N Raychaudhuri, A Pilmanis, AA TI A loglogistic model for altitude decompression sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PROBABILISTIC MODEL; SYMPTOMS; RISK; TIME AB Background: Altitude decompression sickness (DCS) is a potential hazard encountered during high altitude flights or during extravehicular activity in space. In this study, the loglogistic distribution was used to model DCS risk and symptom onset time. Methods: The Air Force Research Laboratory, Brooks AFB, TX, has conducted studies on human subjects exposed to simulated altitudes in hypobaric chambers. The dataset from those studies was used to develop the DCS models and consisted of 975 subject-exposures to various altitudes, preoxygenation times, and exercise regimens. Since the risk of DCS is known to increase over time at altitude, and then decrease because of denitrogenation, the loglogistic model was fit to the data. The model assumes that the probability of DCS depends on several risk factors. Maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters were obtained using the statistical software package SAS. Cross validation techniques were provided to examine the goodness of iii of the model. Results: The fitted model indicated that altitude, ratio of preoxygenation to exposure time, and exercise were the most significant risk factors. The model was used to predict the risk of DCS for a variety of exposure profiles. The predicted probability of DCS agreed very closely with the actual percentages in the database. Conclusion: The loglogistic distribution was found to be appropriate for modeling the risk of DCS. Based on the cross validation and validation results, we conclude that this model provides good estimates of the probability of DCS over time. C1 Univ Texas, Div Math & Stat, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Kannan, N (reprint author), Univ Texas, Div Math & Stat, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 69 IS 10 BP 965 EP 970 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 123KY UT WOS:000076125400006 PM 9773897 ER PT J AU Borillo, DJ AF Borillo, DJ TI Pulmonary embolism in a pilot SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Borillo, DJ (reprint author), Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 69 IS 10 BP 1011 EP 1012 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 123KY UT WOS:000076125400016 PM 9773907 ER PT J AU Fugit, MD Carell, ES AF Fugit, MD Carell, ES TI Emergency intravascular ultrasound to locate a stent during primary angioplasty SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE intravascular ultrasound; coronary stenting; acute myocardial infarction ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INTRACORONARY ULTRASOUND AB A 62-year-old man underwent primary PTCA with bail-out stent placement for an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction, After initial deployment of one half of a Palmaz-Schatz stent, the stent could not he visualized fluoroscopically. Emergency intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) showed the stent to be located proximal to the intended site of deployment. This finding helped determine balloon positioning for subsequent high-pressure inflations and also led to deployment of another half stent in the correct site. This case demonstrates that availability of and familiarity with IVUS can benefit interventional cardiologists and their patients in unexpected circumstances. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, PSMC, Div Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Carell, ES (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, PSMC, Div Cardiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 2 BP 170 EP 173 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 125NH UT WOS:000076243300015 PM 9786398 ER PT J AU van der Molen, GW Kooijman, SALM Michalek, JE Slob, W AF van der Molen, GW Kooijman, SALM Michalek, JE Slob, W TI The estimation of elimination rates of persistent compounds: A re-analysis of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin levels in Vietnam veterans SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds CY AUG 12-16, 1996 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS ID OPERATION RANCH HAND; HALF-LIFE; DIOXINS; FOOD; TCDD; AGE AB The elimination rate of TCDD was re-estimated from measurements of internal concentrations in Vietnam veterans with a model that can account for age dependent body composition, and both age and (calender) time dependent background intake. Estimates of the specific elimination rate, which is independent of body composition, did not differ much between fits with different simplifications of this model for this particular data set. However, the assumption that the associated half-life is constant over the human lifespan is improper. The overall elimination rate and half-life are only constant when background intake and body composition are approximately constant. For example, our model predicts that half-life ranges between 5.5 in young adults and 11 years in elderly men. The change of half-life with age should be accounted for in toxicokinetic calculations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 RIVM, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Biol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Slob, W (reprint author), RIVM, POB 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT-NOV PY 1998 VL 37 IS 9-12 BP 1833 EP 1844 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00249-5 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 132FB UT WOS:000076618700020 PM 9828312 ER PT J AU Alexeev, MV Sikorra, RC AF Alexeev, MV Sikorra, RC TI Comparing post-cold war military conversion in the United States and Russia SO CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY LA English DT Article AB According to the conventional wisdom, military conversion in Russia would be more difficult than in the United States because Russia does not have the developed market infrastructure and institutions that help western defense firms redeploy resources for civilian production. A closer look raises doubts about these arguments, Western defense firms have had difficulties with conversion because they cannot compete with the existing relatively efficient civilian firms. Meanwhile, the principal competitors of the Russian defense firms, the large Russian civilian enterprises, are closer in nature to defense enterprises than to efficient market firms. While this does not bode well for the Russian economy in general, the defense enterprises should not find themselves at a significant disadvantage in the civilian markets. Two effects can be distinguished. On the one hand, due to the move developed market infrastructure, the U.S. economy is presumably good at redeploying defense-related resources across firm boundaries. On the other hand, the large and efficient civilian sector in the United States makes the marginal "civilian" value of the redeployed resources low. It is the interaction of these factors, rather than the degree of development of market infrastructure alone, that determines the relative difficulty of military conversion. Additionally, empirical evidence based on regional data indicates that despite enormous defense expenditure cuts, the economic performance of Russia's regions is only relatively weakly correlated with the regions' dependency on defense industry. (JEL L69, P17, P27, P52). C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Econ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Econ & Geog, DFEG, Colorado Springs, CO USA. RP Alexeev, MV (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Econ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WESTERN ECONOMIC ASSOC INT PI HUNTINGTON BEACH PA 7400 CENTER AVE SUITE 109, HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92647-3039 USA SN 1074-3529 J9 CONTEMP ECON POLICY JI Contemp. Econ. Policy PD OCT PY 1998 VL 16 IS 4 BP 499 EP 510 PG 12 WC Economics; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 133EU UT WOS:000076674200011 ER PT J AU Murphy, T Bowman, WJ AF Murphy, T Bowman, WJ TI Compactness factors for rolled, stacked-screen regenerative heat exchangers SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article DE regenerative heat exchanger; regenerator; porous media; compactness factor; heat transfer coefficient; friction factor AB The objective for the current research was to determine how the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics changed in a stacked, wire-screen regenerative heat exchanger (regenerator), if the screens which were used to construct the matrix were rolled to decrease their thickness. More of the rolled screens would fit into a regenerator with a reduction in gas volume in the regenerator. During the course of the research, an improved method for determining the heat transfer characteristics of a porous medium regenerator was developed. The results show that the compactness factor (j(H)/f) was adversely affected by rolling. Flattening the screens by 15%, 30%, or 50%, did not improve the heat transfer rate to the matrix, but it did increase the total pressure drop. Rolling the screens caused a decrease in both wetted surface area and pore size. The heat transfer which is proportioned to the wetted surface area was reduced. The pressure drop, which is strongly dependent on pore size, increased. Rolling the screens also reduced the effectiveness of the regenerator. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Murphy, T (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PD OCT PY 1998 VL 38 IS 10 BP 959 EP 965 DI 10.1016/S0011-2275(98)00061-7 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA 151VM UT WOS:000077741400002 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI What's eating you? Sand flies. (Diptera : Psychodidae, Phlebotominae : Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus) SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), MMID, Serv Dermatol, Med Wing 59, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD OCT PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 129ZW UT WOS:000076494900002 PM 9798101 ER PT J AU Perfetto, SP Malone, JD Hawkes, C McCrary, G August, B Zhou, S Garner, R Dolan, MJ Brown, AE AF Perfetto, SP Malone, JD Hawkes, C McCrary, G August, B Zhou, S Garner, R Dolan, MJ Brown, AE TI CD38 expression on cryopreserved CD8+ T cells predicts HIV disease progression SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantitative Immunofluorescence Measurement CY NOV, 1997 CL OTTAWA, CANADA DE relative fluorescence intensity; immunophenotyping; CD38 antigen; prognosis; human immunodeficiency virus; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ID INFECTION AB Precious studies hare revealed that the expression of CD38 on CD8(+) T cells is a strong predictor of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, Those studies were performed using fresh patient samples over an extended trial period. After demonstrating the validity of assay results on cryopreserved cells, we performed a retrospective study using frozen cell samples to determine the predictive value of CD38 expression in patients with CD4 counts above 400 cells/mu L. The CD38 expression as measured by antibody binding capacity and the CD38 median channel were shown to be associated with time to new opportunistic infection or death (both P < 0.001), These results suggest that CD38 expression on CD8(+) T cells, whether fresh or frozen, provides a useful predictor of HIV disease progression (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss,Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Perfetto, SP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19981001)33:2<133::AID-CYTO7>3.0.CO;2-K PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 124WL UT WOS:000076205700006 PM 9773873 ER PT J AU LeClair, SR Pao, YH AF LeClair, SR Pao, YH TI Computational intelligence applied to materials processing: Design, control and discovery - Preface SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP LeClair, SR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 583 EP 585 PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300002 ER PT J AU Meng, Z Yang, Q Yip, PC Eyink, KG Taferner, WT Igelnik, B AF Meng, Z Yang, Q Yip, PC Eyink, KG Taferner, WT Igelnik, B TI Combined use of computational intelligence and materials data for on-line monitoring and control of MBE experiments SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE guided evolutionary simulated annealing (GESA); stochastic search; optimization; ellipsometry; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); process monitoring and control ID REAL-TIME; ALXGA1-XAS; GROWTH; NET AB This paper describes the combined use of computational intelligence procedures and materials data for monitoring and controlling the growth of thin films using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Given ellipsometry data (Psi and Delta) at a specific wavelength, a genetic algorithm-like method is used to solve an inverse problem, and estimate values of the complex refractive index and the deposition rate. Using a set of such values at different wavelengths, and combining the use of multiwavelength spectroscopic materials data and computational intelligence procedures, it is then possible to provide an optimal estimate of the composition of the material being deposited. Control of the film growth is then accomplished through adjustments of cell temperatures. This procedure is described in this paper, and examples of monitoring and control results are reported for the system of AlxGa1-xAs film on GaAs substrate. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Comp Associates Int Inc, AI Ware Div, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Meng, Z (reprint author), Comp Associates Int Inc, AI Ware Div, 3659 Green Rd, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 587 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00024-4 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300003 ER PT J AU Gunasekera, JS Jia, ZJ Malas, JC Rabelo, L AF Gunasekera, JS Jia, ZJ Malas, JC Rabelo, L TI Development of a neural network model for a cold rolling process SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE metal forming; rolling; neural networks; optimization; modeling AB This paper describes the development of a neural network model for the Aat rolling process. This neural network was based on the backpropagation paradigm. A nonlinear mathematical model based on the slab method was developed to guide and supervise the learning procedures. A near-optimal neural network structure was determined by using a development process that emphasized second-order derivative information. The application of this process yielded improvements in the learning errors, prediction errors, and training times. A robust and accurate model was obtained as a result of this process. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Litens Automot Grp, Prod Engn, Woodbridge, ON L4L 5T9, Canada. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Calif Polytech Inst, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. RP Gunasekera, JS (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 8 TC 21 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 597 EP 603 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00025-6 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300004 ER PT J AU Jones, JG Jero, PD Garrett, PH AF Jones, JG Jero, PD Garrett, PH TI In-situ control of chemical vapor deposition for fiber coating SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE fuzzy logic; in-situ sensing; process control; Raman spectroscopy; CVD; composites; coatings; thin films ID COMPOSITES AB Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a widely used process for the application of thin films. In this case, CVD is being used to apply a thin-film interface coating (LaAl11O18) to single-crystal.. monofilament sapphire fibers for the production of ceramic matrix composites. Traditionally, CVD fiber coating has been hampered by problems such as poor coating uniformity, thickness, and chemistry control. To attempt to rectify these problems, a fully-instrumented CVD processing apparatus has been constructed. In addition to more standard sensors such as thermocouples, pressure transducers, and how meters, sensors capable of monitoring the coating and gas phase properties of interest have been used. Specifically, a quadrupole mass spectrometer and Raman spectrometer are being used to monitor both the gas phase reactants and the coating quality. A fuzzy-logic controller has been developed to control the O-2 flow rate, based on in situ temperature measurements. Mass spectrometer data and corresponding improved temperature control for a deposition are presented. Raman spectra which were taken off-line are also presented. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Elect & Comp Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Jones, JG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. OI Jones, John/0000-0001-8271-0038 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 619 EP 626 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00027-X PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300006 ER PT J AU Biggers, RR Jones, JG Maartense, I Busbee, JD Dempsey, D Liptak, D Lubbers, D Varanasi, C Mast, D AF Biggers, RR Jones, JG Maartense, I Busbee, JD Dempsey, D Liptak, D Lubbers, D Varanasi, C Mast, D TI Emission spectral-component monitoring and fuzzy-logic control of pulsed-laser-deposition process SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE process-control; fuzzy-logic; superconductors; YBCO; PLD ID FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILM; ABLATION; PLUME; CU AB Pulsed-laser-deposition (PLD) is a versatile and efficient deposition technique capable of producing high quality thin-films. However, the overall process is quite complex and, as yet, not well understood. The in-situ behavior of the laser-beam-generated YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) plume can be monitored using emission spectroscopy. The plume characteristics are a consequence of the interaction between a KrF excimer laser pulse (lambda = 248 nm) and a YB;CO target in ambient oxygen during the PLD of YBCO films. Plume spectral components are primarily monitored at a position midway along the normal between the target and substrate. Signal intensities are recorded at 326 +/- 5 nm (excited neutral copper atoms, Cu*, at 324.7 nm and 327.4 nm). Manual regulation of the ablation energy of the laser pulses by plume spectral component feedback produces significantly improved YBCO films. A fuzzy-logic controller using in-situ emission spectroscopy feedback, has been developed and utilized to self-direct film depositions. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Biggers, RR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 627 EP 635 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00028-1 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300007 ER PT J AU Busbee, JD Igelnik, B Liptak, D Biggers, RR Maartense, I AF Busbee, JD Igelnik, B Liptak, D Biggers, RR Maartense, I TI Towards in situ monitoring of YBCO T-c and J(c) via neural network mapping of Raman spectral peaks SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; neural networks; superconducting materials; process monitoring; scattering; superconductors ID THIN-FILMS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SCATTERING AB Raman spectroscopy has proved promising for use as an in situ process monitor and feedback control sensor during pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of YBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO) thin films. Several engineering challenges must be solved before Raman spectroscopy can be utilized in situ. Taken in the aggregate, deposition conditions such as high temperature, low vacuum, and electromagnetic radiation emitted from the plume, lead to a hostile environment for in situ Raman spectroscopy. This paper investigates the feasibility of applying Raman as a process-control sensor. Tests are conducted to determine Raman probe integrity under processing conditions when positioned 5-10 mm above the substrate. An empirical characterization of the black-body effects in this temperature region is presented to determine impact over the spectral region of interest. Optical emission from the ablation plume, a series of discrete spectral features (emission lines) across the visible and UV regions, is investigated to determine if the features coincide with any of the significant peaks in the Raman spectra needed for in situ control. Additionally, a study of the effects of surface degradation of YBCO films on both the Raman spectra and film superconductive transition critical temperature (T-c) is undertaken. A neural-net (NN) architecture is built, which maps T-c from reduced Raman spectral data and optimizes the number of nodes based upon the generalization error. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. Ail rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Busbee, JD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 637 EP 647 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00029-3 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300008 ER PT J AU Laube, SJP Voevodin, AA Keener, KD LeClair, SR AF Laube, SJP Voevodin, AA Keener, KD LeClair, SR TI Growing multilayer gradient thin films via in situ neurocomputing SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE pulsed laser deposition; in situ neurocomputing; laser-induced florescence; atomic emission spectroscopy ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; GRAPHITE AB Multiple-layer thin films of less than 2 mu m are presently typically deposited via mechanical manipulation of substrates. Interlayer gradients are typically accomplished by the rotation of substrates between two or more material deposition sources. Film deposition rates are often maintained with limited instrumentation, and no feedback control. Additionally, most tribological hard films deposited on relatively soft substrates need to be deposited with a buffer or interface layer in order to bond a particular film to a substrate. Often, this buffer layer is deposited by manually ramping rotation speeds or source deposition rates, increasing film variability. This research is focused on identifying and relating observed process characteristics to the resulting material chemistry and structure, with a goal of dynamically controlling the material characteristics for multilayer films using in situ neurocomputing. Of specific interest is the ability to grow multilayer diamond-like carbon (DLC)-ceramic-metal films. DLC films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), combined with the reactive gas DC magnetron deposition of titanium to create Ti-TiN-DLC or Ti-TiC-DLC material gradients will be the focus of this work. In situ laser-induced florescence (LIF) spectroscopy and a quartz crystal microbalance are used for in situ plume sensing with the aim of controlling the film deposition rates and the resulting deposited structure. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Laube, SJP (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0952-1976 J9 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL JI Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 5 BP 649 EP 658 DI 10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00030-X PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA 149VF UT WOS:000077626300009 ER PT J AU Svetec, DA Waguespack, RL Sabanegh, ES AF Svetec, DA Waguespack, RL Sabanegh, ES TI Intermittent azoospermia associated with epididymal sarcoidosis SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE infertility; sarcoid; epididymis; azoospermia AB Objective: To report an unusual case of intermittent azoospermia associated with epididymal sarcoidosis. Design: Retrospective case analysis. Setting: Wilford Hall Medical Center. Patient(s): A 36-year-old male with secondary infertility and epididymal sarcoidosis. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measures(s): An analysis of sperm count in relation to steroid courses. Results(s): Epididymalgia, and to a lesser extent, sperm counts were noted to fluctuate temporally around steroid courses given for pulmonary flares of sarcoidosis. Epididymal sarcoidosis can be associated with intermittent azoospermia. Presumably. epididymal granulomas undergo exacerbations and remissions and cause intermittent ductal obstruction. Conclusions(s): Because of the unpredictable effect of sarcoidosis on the male genital tract, all patients interested in paternity should obtain a semen analysis at the rime of disease diagnosis. If oligospermia is noted or if there is clinical evidence of epididymal involvement, the patient should be offered sperm banking for possible future assisted reproductive techniques. (Fertil Steril(R) 1998;70:777-9. (C) 1998 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.). C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Sabanegh, ES (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 6 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE PI BIRMINGHAM PA 1209 MONTGOMERY HIGHWAY, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216-2809 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 70 IS 4 BP 777 EP 779 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00272-6 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 130CE UT WOS:000076505400030 PM 9797115 ER PT J AU Simko, EJ Brannon, RB Eibling, DE AF Simko, EJ Brannon, RB Eibling, DE TI Ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible SO HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK LA English DT Article DE ameloblastic carcinoma; malignant ameloblastoma; odontogenic carcinoma ID PRIMARY INTRAOSSEOUS CARCINOMA; MALIGNANT AMELOBLASTOMA; ODONTOGENIC-TUMORS; LYMPH-NODES; DNA-PLOIDY; METASTASIS; MAXILLA; LUNGS; JAWS AB Background. Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare, aggressive odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws in which the epithelial cells exhibit cytologic features of recognizable ameloblastoma and malignancy. Cases with metastasis have been infrequently reported. Methods. A case of a 64-year-old white woman with mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma with documented distant metastasis is presented. The patient's presenting symptoms included facial asymmetry of the right jaw over 2 months and the development of moderate trismus. Clinical manifestations, pathology, treatment, and biologic behavior are discussed, The nomenclature and classification of odontogenic carcinomas are reviewed, including entities that should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Results. The patient underwent surgical resection consisting of mandibulectomy, parotidectomy, and modified radical neck dissection followed by radiation to both necks and tumor bed, Postsurgically, the patient developed pulmonary metastasis at 11 months and expired with widespread metastatic disease at 28 months. Conclusions. This case demonstrated an unusual behavior pattern in that local recurrence and regional metastasis did not occur, Distant metastasis occurred despite apparent adequate control of the primary mandibular tumor. The ameloblastic carcinoma is a highly malignant neoplasm which requires aggressive therapy. Prognosis is poor. Further reporting of ameloblastic carcinoma is encouraged. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Pathol, New Orleans, LA 70119 USA. Otolaryngol Serv, Langley AFB, VA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Brannon, RB (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Pathol, New Orleans, LA 70119 USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1043-3074 J9 HEAD NECK-J SCI SPEC JI Head Neck-J. Sci. Spec. Head Neck PD OCT PY 1998 VL 20 IS 7 BP 654 EP 659 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0347(199810)20:7<654::AID-HED14>3.0.CO;2-4 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 116RZ UT WOS:000075739500014 PM 9744469 ER PT J AU Bhalla, R Ling, H Moore, J Andersh, DJ Lee, SW Hughes, J AF Bhalla, R Ling, H Moore, J Andersh, DJ Lee, SW Hughes, J TI 3D scattering center representation of complex targets using the shooting and bouncing ray technique: A review SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE LA English DT Review DE radar cross sections; electromagnetic scattering; feature extraction; radar target recognition; data compression; scattering center ID EXTRAPOLATION AB We present an automated technique to extract the three-dimensional scattering-center model of a larger from its geometrical CAD model. The technique is based on the Shooting and Bouncing Ray (SBR) method. In this article, we first review the basic concepts behind the three-dimensional scattering-center-extraction algorithm. Next, we present application examples of signature-data compression and radar-feature extraction based on the scattering centers extracted from complex targets using such a methodology. We conclude by identifying some future areas of research. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. DEMACO Inc, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, AACT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bhalla, R (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 26 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9243 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROPAG JI IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 40 IS 5 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1109/74.735963 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 145RF UT WOS:000077384600005 ER PT J AU Nicholson, JW Rudolph, W Hager, G AF Nicholson, JW Rudolph, W Hager, G TI Synchronization of dual-line lasing and subsequent gigahertz modulation of iodine lasers through mode locking SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS AB Dual hyperfine line lasing of a Zeeman-tuned photolytic iodine laser resulting in 14-GHz modulated laser radiation was studied experimentally and theoretically as a function of the applied magnetic field. Synchronization of the phases of the two hyperfine Lines necessary for optimum gigahertz modulation was achieved by mode locking. The resulting pulse durations of 740 ps were shorter than those previously observed without a magnetic field. Short pulses, together with the possibility of scaling the results to high-power chemical-oxygen iodine lasers, make this concept attractive for a laser-driven ultrawideband microwave source. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Nicholson, JW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1830 EP 1834 DI 10.1109/3.720214 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 121TB UT WOS:000076029100006 ER PT J AU Jelen, C Slivken, S Guzman, V Razeghi, M Brown, GJ AF Jelen, C Slivken, S Guzman, V Razeghi, M Brown, GJ TI InGaAlAs-InP quantum-well infrared photodetectors for 8-20-mu m wavelengths SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE infrared detector; photodetector; quantum-well device ID CONDUCTION-BAND; EFFECTIVE-MASS AB We demonstrate the first long-wavelength quantum-well infrared photodetectors using the lattice-matched n-doped InGaAlAs-InP materials system. Samples with AlAs mole fractions of 0.0, 0.1, and 0.15 result in cutoff wavelengths of 8.5, 13.3, and 19.4 mu m, respectively. A 45 degrees facet coupled illumination. responsivity of R = 0.37 A/W and detectivity of D-lambda* = 3 x 10(8) cm .root Hz . W-1 at T = K, for a cutoff wavelength lambda(c) = 13.3 mu m have been achieved. Based on the measured intersubband photoresponse wavelength, a null conduction band offset is expected for In0.52Ga0.21Al0.27As-InP heterojunctions. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Quantum Devices, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, WL,MLPO, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Jelen, C (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Quantum Devices, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Slivken, Steven/B-7273-2009; Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1873 EP 1876 DI 10.1109/3.720221 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 121TB UT WOS:000076029100013 ER PT J AU Noble, MJ Loehr, JP Lott, JA AF Noble, MJ Loehr, JP Lott, JA TI Analysis of microcavity VCSEL lasing modes using a full-vector weighted index method SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE laser modes; semiconductor device modeling; semiconductor lasers; surface-emitting lasers; variational methods ID VERTICAL-CAVITY LASERS; SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION FACTOR; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; SCATTERING LOSSES; WAVE-GUIDE; PLANAR; FABRICATION; CONFINEMENT AB In this paper; we present a semi-analytic full-vector method for calculating the spatial profile, optical confinement factor, resonant frequency, absorption lass, and mirror loss of lasing modes in cylindrically symmetric microcavity vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's). It can be shown that this method gives the best separable approximation for the electric and magnetic vector potentials. Our technique can model the entire VCSEL structure and can treat complex media. We apply the method to etched-post and oxide-apertured VCSEL's designed for 980-mm emission and find a blueshift in cavity resonance as the cavity radius shrinks. We also find a minimum optical cavity radius below which radially bound lasing modes cannot be supported. This radius depends on the device geometry and lies between 0.5 and 1 mu m for the devices studied, Once this model is augmented to include diffraction losses-the dominant loss mechanism for conventional small aperture lasers-it will provide a complete picture of lasing eigenmodes in microcavity VCSEL's. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT, ENG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Noble, MJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab Sensors Directorate, AFRL, SNHC, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1890 EP 1903 DI 10.1109/3.720225 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 121TB UT WOS:000076029100017 ER PT J AU Liou, LL Cook, J AF Liou, LL Cook, J TI An equivalent circuit approach for microstrip component analysis using the FDTD method SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND GUIDED WAVE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE characteristic impedance; FDTD; microstrip; microwave circuit; phase velocity ID DISCONTINUITIES AB The conventional analysis of waveguide parameters for microstrip components using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is based on monitoring the traveling wave at multiple locations. The dispersion relations of the effective dielectric constant and the characteristic impedance usually exhibit oscillatory behavior. An equivalent circuit approach was utilized for these parameters. Together with the FDTD results, the inductance and the capacitance were evaluated. The phase velocity and the characteristics impedance mere then calculated at a single monitor location. With this method, the oscillatory features in the dispersion relations were minimized. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Sensor Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Liou, LL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensor Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1051-8207 J9 IEEE MICROW GUIDED W JI IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 8 IS 10 BP 330 EP 332 DI 10.1109/75.735411 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 141QJ UT WOS:000077154700004 ER PT J AU White, NA Maybeck, PS DeVilbiss, SL AF White, NA Maybeck, PS DeVilbiss, SL TI Detection of interference/jamming and spoofing in a DGPS-aided inertial system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Previous research at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) has resulted in the design of a differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) aided INS-based (inertial navigation system) precision landing system (PLS) capable of meeting the FAA precision requirements fur instrument landings. The susceptibility of DGPS transmissions to both intentional and nonintentional interference/jamming and spoofing must be addressed before DGPS may be safely used as a major component of such a critical navigational device. This research applies multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) techniques to the problem of detecting and identifying interference/jamming and spoofing in the DGPS signal. Such an MMAE is composed of a bank of parallel biters, each hypothesizing a different failure status, along with an evaluation of the current probability of each hypothesis being correct, to form a probability-weighted average state estimate as an output. For interference/jamming degradation represented as increased measurement noise variance, simulation results show that, because of the good failure detection and isolation (FDI) performance using MMAE, the blended navigation performance is essentially that of a single extended Kalman filter (EKF) artificially informed of the actual interference noise variance. However, a standard MMAE is completely unable to detect spoofing failures (modeled as a bias or ramp offset signal directly added to the measurement). This work describes a moving-bank pseudoresidual MMAE (PRMMAE) to detect and identify such spoofing. Using the PRMMAE algorithm, spoofing Is very effectively detected and isolated; the resulting navigation performance is equivalent to that of an EKF operating in an environment without spooling. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP White, NA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 13 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1208 EP 1217 DI 10.1109/7.722708 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 127WF UT WOS:000076373000011 ER PT J AU Kyger, DW Maybeck, PS AF Kyger, DW Maybeck, PS TI Reducing lag in virtual displays using multiple model adaptive estimation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB A multiple model adaptive predictor is applied to a virtual environment flight simulator to remove the effect of computational and scene-rendering delay time. Angular orientation of the user's head is predicted a period of time into the future, so that the scene can be rendered appropriately by the time the user actually looks in that direction. Single nonadaptive predictors cannot adequately cover the dynamic range of head motion. By using three dissimilar models of head motion upon which to base the individual elemental filters within the multiple model adaptive estimator (MMAE) algorithm, an MMAE is designed which outperforms the nonadaptive Kalman predictor proposed by Liang [9]. C1 Wright Labs, Avion Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Inst Technol ENG, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kyger, DW (reprint author), Wright Labs, Avion Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1237 EP 1248 DI 10.1109/7.722711 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 127WF UT WOS:000076373000014 ER PT J AU Stepaniak, MJ Maybeck, PS AF Stepaniak, MJ Maybeck, PS TI MMAE-based control redistribution applied to the VISTA F-16 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE; FLIGHT AB A novel control technique, termed control redistribution, is presented and applied in conjunction with multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) to the Variable In-flight Stability Test Aircraft (VISTA) F-16, to detect and compensate for sensor and/or actuator failures. This ad hoc method redistributes control commands (that would normally be sent to failed actuators) to the nonfailed actuators, accomplishing the same control action on the aircraft. Dither is considered to help disambiguate failures in the longitudinal and lateral-directional channels. Detection of both single-actuator and single-sensor failures is considered. Failures are demonstrated detectable in less than 1 s, with an aircraft output nearly identical to that anticipated from a fully functional aircraft in the same environment. C1 USAF, Inst Technol ENG, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Stepaniak, MJ (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol ENG, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1249 EP 1260 DI 10.1109/7.722712 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 127WF UT WOS:000076373000015 ER PT J AU Hansen, TB Shore, RA AF Hansen, TB Shore, RA TI Incremental length diffraction coefficients for the shadow boundary of a convex cylinder SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE physical theory of diffraction ID SCATTERING; CURRENTS AB Incremental length diffraction coefficients (ILDC's) are obtained for the shadow boundaries of perfectly electrically conducting (PEC) convex cylinders of general cross section. A two-step procedure is used. First, the nonuniform (NU) current in the vicinity of the shadow boundary is approximated using Fock functions, The product of the approximated current and the free-space Green's function is then integrated on a differential strip of the cylinder surface transverse to the shadow boundary to obtain the ILDC's, This integration is performed in closed form by employing quadratic polynomial approximations for the amplitude and unwrapped phase of the integrand, Examples are given of both the current approximations and the integration procedure. Finally, as an example, the scattered far field of a PEC sphere is obtained by adding the integral of the NU ILDC's of a circular cylinder along the shadow boundary of the sphere to the physical optics (PO) far field of the sphere. This correction to the PO field is shown to significantly improve upon the accuracy of the PO far-field approximation to the total scattered field of the sphere. C1 Schlumberger Doll Res, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. USAF, Res Lab SNHA, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Hansen, TB (reprint author), Schlumberger Doll Res, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 46 IS 10 BP 1458 EP 1466 DI 10.1109/8.725277 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 129JZ UT WOS:000076461200007 ER PT J AU Martinez, EJ Shur, MS Schuermeyer, FL AF Martinez, EJ Shur, MS Schuermeyer, FL TI Gate current model for the hot-electron regime of operation in heterostructure field effect transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE; HIGH-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS AB A model to describe the dependence of the gate current with source-to-drain voltage was developed and used to predict the performance of AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs HFET's. Our model describes the charge injection transistor (CHINT) regime of operation and account for real-space electron transport. In this model, the saturation of the hot-electron gate current is explained by the rapid drop in the energy relaxation time caused by the real-space transfer of electrons. Good correlation between the experimental and theoretical data was found for temperatures ranging from 198 to 398 K. Our experimental and theoretical results should be accounted for in the design of HFET devices and integrated circuits. C1 USAF, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Integrated Elect & Elect Mfg, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Martinez, EJ (reprint author), USAF, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Shur, Michael/A-4374-2016 OI Shur, Michael/0000-0003-0976-6232 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 10 BP 2108 EP 2115 DI 10.1109/16.725243 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 125DC UT WOS:000076221300004 ER PT J AU Martinez, EJ Shur, MS Schuermeyer, FL AF Martinez, EJ Shur, MS Schuermeyer, FL TI Analytical gate current model for n-channel heterostructure field effect transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article AB A simple analytical gate current model for n-channel heterostructure field effect transistors (HFET's) has been developed. Our model is based on the self-consistent approximation to the solution of Schrodinger and Poisson's equations, and the theory of thermionic-field emission. Good agreement between the experimental data and the model results is obtained over the entire range of gate voltages, from below to above threshold, and over a wide range of temperature from 198 to 450 K. Only four parameters are used to fit the experimental data with two of these parameters obtained from the experimental results. This model is suitable for implementation in sophisticated CAD tools such as SPICE. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Aerosp Components Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Integrated Elect & Elect Mfg, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Martinez, EJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Aerosp Components Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Shur, Michael/A-4374-2016 OI Shur, Michael/0000-0003-0976-6232 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 10 BP 2116 EP 2121 DI 10.1109/16.725244 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 125DC UT WOS:000076221300005 ER PT J AU Degnan, JH Kiuttu, GF Turchi, PJ Graham, JD Goforth, JH Lopez, EA Oona, H Tasker, DG AF Degnan, JH Kiuttu, GF Turchi, PJ Graham, JD Goforth, JH Lopez, EA Oona, H Tasker, DG TI High voltage pulses for high impedance loads using explosive formed fuses SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE explosive formed fuses; explosive magnetic flux compression; high impedance loads; high voltage pulses; inductive stores AB Explosive formed fuses (EFF's) use conducting elements that are deformed by explosive pressure (typically, against dielectric dies), This causes the fuse geometry to change, so that the conducting element cross section decreases, This enables a higher ratio of current conduction to current interrupt time than for normal fuses, and it enables more control of when current interruption occurs. In combination,vith a suitable output closing switch, EFF's can be used to obtain several hundred kilovolt voltage pulses from inductive stores to drive several ohm loads, With proper choices of inductive store, EFF geometry and material, and output closing switch features, such a voltage pulse can be approximately flat topped for microsecond duration and have a small fraction of microsecond risetime, We present theoretical analysis and circuit simulations which illustrate this, using scaled empirical EFF parameters for inductive stores in the I weber flux, several hundred nanohenry range. The circuit simulations were done using MicroCap-IV, with user defined elements. These simulations were done with static inductive stores and with explosive magnetic flux compression generators driving inductive stores. C1 USAF, Res Labs, DEHP, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Degnan, JH (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, DEHP, Phillips Res Site, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1437 EP 1443 DI 10.1109/27.736034 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 147EM UT WOS:000077475400007 ER PT J AU Davanloo, F Collins, CB Agee, FJ AF Davanloo, F Collins, CB Agee, FJ TI High-power, repetitive-stacked blumlein pulsers commutated by a single switching element SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avalanche type GaAs switches; Blumlein pulsers; commutation with a single switch; compact pulsers; high energy density devices; high-power repetitive pulser; photoconductive switching; stacked Blumlein pulsers ID X-RAY SOURCE; NANOSECOND PULSES; FLASH; GENERATORS; PRESSURE AB The stacked Blumlein pulse generators developed at the University of Texas at Dallas consist of several triaxial Blumleins stacked in series at one end. The lines are charged in parallel and synchronously commutated,vith a single switching element at the other end. In this way, relatively low charging voltages are multiplied to give a higher desired voltage across an arbitrary load. Extensive characterization of the stacked Blumlein pulsers indicates that these devices are capable of producing high-power pulses with risetimes and repetition rates in the range of 0.3-50 ns and 1-300 Hz, respectively, using a conventional thyratron, spark gap, or photoconductive switch. This paper presents the progress in the development and use of these novel pulsers, Recent adaptation of the design has enabled the stacked Blumlein to produce 50-70 MW nanosecond pulses with risetimes on the order of 200-300 ps into nominally matched loads. The device has a compact line geometry and is commutated by a single photoconductive switch triggered by a low power laser diode. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Quantum Elect, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC 20332 USA. RP Davanloo, F (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Quantum Elect, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1463 EP 1475 DI 10.1109/27.736041 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 147EM UT WOS:000077475400010 ER PT J AU Turchi, PJ Peterkin, RE AF Turchi, PJ Peterkin, RE TI Modeling of impedance collapse in high-voltage diodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cathode; electron-beam diode; MHD simulation ID EMISSION AB Electron-beam diodes driven by fast-rising, high-voltage pulses often operate with cold cathodes for which the presence of a plasma adjacent to the cathode surface is essential to obtain adequate electron emission. A consequence of such surface plasma, however, is closure of the interelectrode gap by plasma motion, Resistive heating of the plasma competes with work performed in expanding the plasma and heat transfer to the cold-cathode boundary, The resulting closure speed is calculated, using an MHD code, and found to agree web with results of experiments using organic-cloth Cathodes at 35 kV, Computed plasma speeds are typically 8-12 km/s, and are relatively insensitive to the applied voltage. Gap closure due to the plasma motion calculated numerically corresponds to estimates based on impedance collapse in the experiments. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Turchi, PJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1485 EP 1491 DI 10.1109/27.736043 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 147EM UT WOS:000077475400012 ER PT J AU Baxley, JS Wells, JR AF Baxley, JS Wells, JR TI The hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant and atmospheric transformation products of 2-butanol and 2-pentanol SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; METHYL NITRITE; KINETICS; OH; ETHER; MECHANISM; OXIDATION; NITRATE AB The relative rate technique has been used to measure the hydroxyl radical (OH) reaction rate constant of +2-butanol (2BU, CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3) and 2-pentanol (2PE, CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3). 2BU and 2PE react with OH yielding bimolecular rate constants of (8.1 +/- 2.0) X 10(-12) cm(3)molecule(-1)s(-1) and (11.9 +/- 3.0) X 10-12 cm(3)molecule(-1)s(-1), respectively, at 297 +/- 3 K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. Both 2BU and 2PE OH rate constants reported here are in agreement with previously reported values [1-4]. In order to more clearly define these alcohols' atmospheric reaction mechanisms, an investigation into the OH + alcohol reaction products was also conducted. The OH + 2BU reaction products and yields observed were: methyl ethyl ketone (MEK, (60 +/- 2)%, CH3CH2C(=O)CH3) and acetaldehyde ((29 +/- 4)% HC(=O)CH3). The OH + 2PE reaction products and yields observed were: 2-pentanone (2PO, (41 +/- 4)%, CH3C(=O)CH2CH2CH3), propionaldehyde ((14 +/- 2)% HC(= O)CH2CH3), and acetaldehyde ((40 +/- 4)%, HC(=O)CH3). The alcohols' reaction mechanisms are discussed in light of current understanding of oxygenated hydrocarbon atmospheric chemistry. Labeled (O-18) 2BU/OH reactions were conducted to investigate 2BU's atmospheric transformation mechanism details. The findings reported here can be related to other structurally similar alcohols and may impact regulatory tools such as ground level ozone-forming potential calculations (incremental reactivity) Isl. (C) 1998 John Wiley C Sons, Inc. C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Appl Res Associates, Gulf Coast Div, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Wells, JR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLQR, 139 Barnes Dr, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 17 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 30 IS 10 BP 745 EP 752 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4601(1998)30:10<745::AID-KIN7>3.0.CO;2-V PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 124VJ UT WOS:000076203100007 ER PT J AU Pfeiffer, H Steighner, R Fisher, R Mornstad, H Yoon, CL Holland, MM AF Pfeiffer, H Steighner, R Fisher, R Mornstad, H Yoon, CL Holland, MM TI Mitochondrial DNA extraction and typing from isolated dentin-experimental evaluation in a Korean population SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mtDNA; Korean data base; DNA extraction; dentin ID CONTROL REGION; EVOLUTION; HETEROGENEITY; SEQUENCE; EXTENT AB This study reports mtDNA polymorphisms in both hypervariable segments HV1 and HV2 of the non coding D-loop region from 60 unrelated Koreans. In contrast to two previous Korean data base studies, mtDNA was extracted separately from pulp tissue and root dentin of teeth obtained from dentists. Dentin turned out to be a reliable source of mitochondrial DNA. This can be of practical importance in forensic identification case work after a long post-mortem interval since pulp decomposes rapidly. The extraction method is explained in detail. The mtDNA polymorphisms obtained from 60 teeth of unrelated Koreans were compared with the already existing Korean data base. C1 Univ Munster, Inst Forens Med, D-48149 Munster, Germany. USAF, DNA Identificat Lab, Rockville, MD USA. Karolinska Inst, Dept Forens Odontol, Stockholm, Sweden. Chosun Univ, Inst Forens Odontol, Kwangju 501759, South Korea. RP Pfeiffer, H (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Forens Med, Von Esmarch Str 62, D-48149 Munster, Germany. NR 16 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0937-9827 J9 INT J LEGAL MED JI Int. J. Legal Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 111 IS 6 BP 309 EP 313 DI 10.1007/s004140050177 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 129JD UT WOS:000076459300005 PM 9826090 ER PT J AU Miller, HC McCord, J Hager, GD Davis, SJ Kessler, WJ Oakes, DB AF Miller, HC McCord, J Hager, GD Davis, SJ Kessler, WJ Oakes, DB TI Optically pumped mid-infrared vibrational hydrogen chloride laser SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-RESONANCE MEASUREMENTS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; ULTRAVIOLET-LASER; HF GAS; EMISSION; COEFFICIENTS; RELAXATION; CO2; N2O AB The results of an experimental investigation of an optically pumped vibrational laser in HCl are reported. Two different excitation sources were used:a Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser pumped optical parametric oscillator and a Raman shifted alexandrite laser. Overtone pumping on the (2,0) and (3,0) bands was employed to produce laser oscillation on the (3,2) and (2,1) bands near 3.8 mu m. We also developed a model for the optically pumped laser and compare predictions of the model to the observed behavior of the laser. The photon efficiency of the HCl laser was found to be approximately 60%, consistent with model predictions and with previous optically pumped hydrogen halide lasers. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)09019-7]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Lasers & Imaging Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Phys Sci Inc, New England Business Ctr 20, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Miller, HC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Lasers & Imaging Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 7 BP 3467 EP 3473 DI 10.1063/1.368521 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124LX UT WOS:000076184800005 ER PT J AU Midey, AJ Viggiano, AA AF Midey, AJ Viggiano, AA TI Rate constants for the reaction of Ar+ with O-2 and CO as a function of temperature from 300 to 1400 K: Derivation of rotational and vibrational energy effects SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER REACTIONS; ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; THERMAL-ENERGY; KINETIC-ENERGY; RATE COEFFICIENTS; + AR; O2; DEPENDENCES; COLLISIONS AB Rate constants for the charge-transfer reactions of Ar+ with O-2 and CO have been measured in a high temperature flowing afterglow from 300 to 1400 K. Comparisons between our results and the previous flow drift tube studies of Dotan and Lindinger at 300 K illustrate the effects of internal excitation on the reactivity. The rate constants measured for both systems agree favorably with the drift tube results from 300 to 900 K. Rotational and translational energy decreases charge transfer equally, consistent with previous experiments, indicating a long-lived collision complex forms during the reaction. The flowing afterglow rate data deviate from the drift tube results above 900 K as a result of populating vibrationally excited states of the neutral reagents. Charge transfer from the thermally populated spin-orbit excited state of Ar+ with O-2 and CO only slightly enhances the rate constants at 1400 K. Populating the upsilon ">0 levels reduces the threshold for accessing excited state products, and the rate constants for vibrationally excited states are much larger than for upsilon "=0. The data suggest most of the enhancement comes from upsilon ">2. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(98)00537-6]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Battlespace Environm Div VSBP, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Battlespace Environm Div VSBP, 29 Randolph Rd, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 13 BP 5257 EP 5263 DI 10.1063/1.477142 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 123YF UT WOS:000076152700011 ER PT J AU Chiu, YH Dressler, RA Levandier, DJ Williams, S Murad, E AF Chiu, YH Dressler, RA Levandier, DJ Williams, S Murad, E TI Collision energy dependence and product recoil velocity analysis of O+(S-4)+C2H2 charge-transfer and chemical reaction channels SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ACETYLENE RADICAL-CATION; ION-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; GAS-PHASE COLLISIONS; FAST O(P-3) ATOMS; DYNAMICS; STATES; C2H2+; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; VINYLIDENE AB Guided-ion beam cross section and product ion time-of-flight (TOF) measurements are presented for the O+(S-4) + C2H2 reaction over the center-of-mass collision energy range of 0.05-18 eV. Despite a large number of exothermic channels, the total reaction cross section at low energies is more than two orders of magnitude smaller than the capture cross section. A common energy onset for charge-transfer, CH+, and COH+/HCO+ products is observed at 1.70+/-0.10 eV, above which the total cross section for these channels rapidly rises with energy, eventually exceeding 5 Angstrom(2). Above 4 eV, the C2H+ and CO+ products also become significant, and weaker channels producing C+, C-2(+), and CH2O+ are also identified. The C2H+ fragment is interpreted as being primarily a dissociative charge transfer (CT) channel at collision energies above similar to 3.79 eV, while the threshold for forming CO+ can be associated with a CO+ + H + CH channel. The TOF measurements demonstrate that efficient C2H2+ (A) over tilde state formation occurs above similar to 2.7 eV. The onset at 1.70+/-0.10 eV is attributed to a transition state associated with an excited quartet hypersurface. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(98)02237-5]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. RP Chiu, YH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, 29 Randolph Rd, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 13 BP 5300 EP 5307 DI 10.1063/1.477148 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 123YF UT WOS:000076152700017 ER PT J AU Waite, RM Carnes, DL Walker, WA AF Waite, RM Carnes, DL Walker, WA TI Microleakage of TERM used with sodium perborate/water and sodium perborate/superoxol in the "Walking bleach" technique SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; SEALING ABILITY; INVITRO AB This study compared the sealing ability of TERM as an interim restoration for the "walking bleach" technique when using either sodium perborate/water or sodium perborate/superoxol. Thirty-three extracted maxillary premolars were restored with TERM after placing either a cotton pellet (control), a paste of sodium perborate and water, or a paste of sodium perborate and superoxol in the chamber. Microleakage was assessed at 24 h, 8 days, and 15 days using a fluid filtration method. Statistical analysis revealed both "walking bleach" groups had significantly higher numbers of teeth demonstrating microleakage than the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in microleakage between the two "walking bleach" groups. The results of this study indicated that the temporary restorative material, TERM, provided an unsatisfactory seal when used with either walking bleach technique. When used over a cotton pellet, TERM provided an excellent seal. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Endodont, Adv Educ Program, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Walker, WA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Endodont, Adv Educ Program, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 24 IS 10 BP 648 EP 650 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80147-7 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 126EL UT WOS:000076279900005 PM 10023245 ER PT J AU Burris, DR Allen-King, RM Manoranjan, VS Campbell, TJ Loraine, GA Deng, BL AF Burris, DR Allen-King, RM Manoranjan, VS Campbell, TJ Loraine, GA Deng, BL TI Chlorinated ethene reduction by cast iron: Sorption and mass transfer SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID WATER SYSTEM; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE AB Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichlorethylene (TCE) exhibited significant nonlinear sorption to nonreactive sites when exposed to four cast irons. Cast iron is a reactive material that promotes reductive dechlorination and has recently been used for in-situ remediation of chlorinated solvent contaminated ground water. Comparisons between PCE sorption to cast iron, graphite, and iron-containing minerals indicate that nonreactive sorption is due to exposed graphite inclusions in the cast iron. Sorption of the homologous series of chloroethenes to a cast iron adheres to Traube's rule; thus, the extent of sorption is related primarily to compound hydrophobicity. An analytical model incorporating rate-limited sorption/desorption to nonreactive sites was used to assess sorption nonequilibrium Effective sorption and desorption rate coefficients determined how significant mass transfer limitations to nonreactive sorption sites exist for PCE and not for TCE. The nonreactive sorption observed indicates that how-through cast iron treatment systems will exhibit significant delayed attainment of steady-state conditions for chlorinated ethenes, particularly PCE and TCE. C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Geol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Pure & Appl Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Appl Res Associates Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mineral & Envir Engrg, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Burris, DR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, MLQR, 139 Barnes Dr, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. OI Deng, Baolin/0000-0001-6569-1808 NR 21 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 14 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1998 VL 124 IS 10 BP 1012 EP 1019 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1998)124:10(1012) PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 121XB UT WOS:000076040200017 ER PT J AU Dubinskii, MA Schepler, KL Abdulsabirov, RY Korableva, SL AF Dubinskii, MA Schepler, KL Abdulsabirov, RY Korableva, SL TI All-solid-state injection-seeded tunable ultraviolet laser SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Letter ID DYE LASER; COLQUIRIITE AB We report what we believe is the first injection-seeded tunable ultraviolet (UV) laser based on a directly pumped UV-active medium, which combines the usually mutually exclusive properties of narrow bandwidth and high conversion efficiency. C1 USAF, Res Lab, SNJT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Kazan State Univ, Kazan 420008, Russia. RP Dubinskii, MA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, SNJT, 2700 D St,Suite 2, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Schepler, Kenneth/D-3730-2015; Korableva, Stella/L-7304-2015; OI Korableva, Stella/0000-0002-8469-2512; Schepler, Kenneth/0000-0001-9658-2305 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1993 EP 1998 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 126HQ UT WOS:000076288200002 ER PT J AU Peters, PM Houde-Walter, SN AF Peters, PM Houde-Walter, SN TI Local structure of Er3+ in multicomponent glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Glass and Optical Materials Division / Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides - Applications and Fundamentals Meeting CY OCT 25-31, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA SP Amer Ceramic Soc, Optical Soc Amer (OSA), BGPP, IEEE/Laser & Electro-Soc, Corning Inc, Honeywell Inc, Fed Highway Adm, Colonial Williamsburg Fdn ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; WAVE-GUIDE LASER; SILICATE-GLASSES; AMPLIFIER; EXAFS; ND3+ AB Erbium environments in several multicomponent glasses are investigated using X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy on the Er L-III-edge. Glass hosts studied include aluminosilicate, fluorosilicate, phosphosilicate, alkali phosphate, fluoride, and another multicomponent silicate glass. The Er-O separation is found to vary only slightly between 2.21 and 2.25 Angstrom. The first shell coordination number is dependent on glass host ranging from 6.3 nearest neighbor anions in the aluminosilicate glass to 10.0 in the fluoride host. The Debye-Waller factor for the first shell is also host dependent. It ranges from 0.021 Angstrom(2) in the phosphate hosts to 0.033 Angstrom(2) in the aluminosilicate glass. While Er-Er correlations are observed in the crystalline Er2O3 standard, no evidence of molecular or short-range clustering of Er3+ ions is found in the glasses. Photoluminescence spectra are also presented for each of the glass hosts examined. (C) 1938 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Houde-Walter, SN (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Inst Opt, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. NR 25 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1998 VL 239 IS 1-3 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00733-9 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 133YJ UT WOS:000076714900021 ER PT J AU Whitman, DH Berry, RL AF Whitman, DH Berry, RL TI A technique for improving the handling of particulate cancellous bone and marrow grafts using platelet gel SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. RP Whitman, DH (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 60 MG-SGDDS,101 Bodin circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. NR 2 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1217 EP 1218 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90776-5 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 126CK UT WOS:000076275100029 PM 9766553 ER PT J AU Davies, M Stankov, L Roberts, RD AF Davies, M Stankov, L Roberts, RD TI Emotional intelligence: In search of an elusive construct SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERSONALITY-INVENTORY; SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE; SCALE; VALIDATION; MOOD; ALEXITHYMIA; INFORMATION; EXPERIENCE AB The view that emotional intelligence should be included within the traditional cognitive abilities framework was explored in 3 studies (total N = 530) by investigating the relations among measures of emotional intelligence, traditional human cognitive abilities, and personality. The studies suggest that the status of the emotional intelligence construct is limited by measurement properties of its tests. Measures based on consensual scoring exhibited low reliability. Self-report measures had salient loadings on well-established personality factors, indicating a lack of divergent validity. These data provide controvertible evidence for the existence of a separate Emotion perception factor that (perhaps) represents the ability to monitor another individual's emotions. This factor is narrower than that postulated within current models of emotional intelligence. C1 Univ Sydney, Dept Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Natl Res Council, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Stankov, L (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Dept Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM lazar@psych.usyd.edu.au NR 86 TC 425 Z9 445 U1 15 U2 80 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-3514 J9 J PERS SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 75 IS 4 BP 989 EP 1015 DI 10.1037//0022-3514.75.4.989 PG 27 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 137TV UT WOS:000076933200011 PM 9825531 ER PT J AU Tan, LS Venkatasubramanian, N Mather, PT Houtz, MD Benner, CL AF Tan, LS Venkatasubramanian, N Mather, PT Houtz, MD Benner, CL TI Synthesis and thermal properties of thermosetting bis-benzocyclobutene-terminated arylene ether monomers SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE benzocyclobutene; cesium fluoride; 4-hydroxybenzocyclobutene; 4-trimethylsiloxybenzocyclobutene; thermosets; arylene ether monomers ID BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATES; AROMATIC POLYETHERS; POLYMER SYNTHESES; CROSS-LINKING; POLYAMIDES; ACIDS AB A series of new bis-benzocyclobutene-endcapped arylene ether monomers was prepared and characterized. Whereas 2,6-bis(4-benzocyclobutenyloxy)benzonitrile (BCB-EBN) could be prepared in good yield using the standard procedure (K2CO3/NMP/toluene/Dean-Stark trap/120 degrees C), other bis(benzocyclobutene) (BCB)-terminated monomers containing ether-benzophenone (BCB-EK), ether-phenylsulfone (BCB-ES), and ether-6F-benzoxazole (BCB-EBO) moieties were invariably contaminated by mono-endcapped products under similar reaction conditions. This can be attributed to a much greater activating effect of the nitrile group on the ortho-fluorides in the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction than the carbonyl, sulfonyl, and benzoxazolyl groups. However, the latter monomers could be synthesized (70-80%) from 4-trimethylsiloxybenzocyclobutene and respective aromatic fluorides in the presence of CsF at 140 degrees C. Similar curing behaviors under N-2 (DSC: extrapolated onset and peak temperatures at 227-230 degrees and 260-262 degrees C, respectively) characterized all four monomers. BCB-EK, BCB-ES, and BCB-EBN showed melting transitions at 108, 119, and 146 degrees C, in that order. As BCB-EBO contained more rigid benzoxazole segments, it only exhibited a glass transition (T-g) at 85 degrees C prior to curing exotherm, after it had been previously heated to 125 degrees C. The following T(g)s were observed for the cured materials: BCB-EK (201 degrees C), BCB-EBN (224 degrees C), BCB-ES (264 degrees C), and BCB-EBO (282 degrees C). The relative thermal stability according to TGA (He) results is: BCB-ES < BCB-EBN < BCB-EK < BCB-EBO. Finally, the results from thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopic, and variable temperature microscopic studies indicated that the nitrile group plays an important role in the cure chemistry, thermal, and microstructural properties of BCB-EBN. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Technol Directorate, MLBP,AFRL,Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Tan, LS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Technol Directorate, MLBP,AFRL,Polymer Branch, 2941 P St,Suite 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290 NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 36 IS 14 BP 2637 EP 2651 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(199810)36:14<2637::AID-POLA24>3.0.CO;2-I PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 123DQ UT WOS:000076110900024 ER PT J AU Munn, EJ Alloway, JA Diffin, DC Arroyo, RA AF Munn, EJ Alloway, JA Diffin, DC Arroyo, RA TI Polyarteritis with symptomatic intracerebral aneurysms at initial presentation SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE polyarteritis; subarachnoid hemorrhage; cerebral aneurysm; renal aneurysm ID NODOSA; MANIFESTATIONS AB Polyarteritis rarely involves the cerebral vasculature, and has not been reported to have an initial presentation with intracerebral aneurysms. We describe the first case of polyarteritis presenting with symptomatic intracerebral aneurysms. A literature review from 1966 to 1997 identified 5 additional cases with evidence of intracerebral aneurysms and polyarteritis. The cases reviewed all had evidence of longstanding systemic symptoms suggestive of polyarteritis prior to diagnosis. Polyarteritis with intracerebral aneurysms is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and therefore must be recognized and treated early. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Intervent Radiol, Med Wing 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Munn, EJ (reprint author), 74th MDOS SGOMJ, Dept Rheumatol, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45459 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 25 IS 10 BP 2022 EP 2025 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 124ZL UT WOS:000076212600026 PM 9779862 ER PT J AU Cvancara, JL Meffert, JJ Elston, DM AF Cvancara, JL Meffert, JJ Elston, DM TI Estrogen-sensitive cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa: Response to tamoxifen SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B; PERIARTERITIS-NODOSA; BREAST-CANCER; VASCULITIS; RECEPTORS; THERAPY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Cvancara, JL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 643 EP 646 PN 1 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 126VW UT WOS:000076316000018 PM 9777776 ER PT J AU Troutman, WB Cooper, DM AF Troutman, WB Cooper, DM TI Concerning the Fontan patient's excessive minute ventilation during exercise - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 SGOC, MDOS81, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pediat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Troutman, WB (reprint author), SGOC, MDOS81, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1132 EP 1132 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 124ZZ UT WOS:000076214000043 ER PT J AU Marcos, FA Kendra, MJ Griffin, JM Bass, JN Larson, DR Liu, JJ AF Marcos, FA Kendra, MJ Griffin, JM Bass, JN Larson, DR Liu, JJ TI Precision low earth orbit determination using atmospheric density calibration SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Atmospheric drag is the largest uncertainty in determining orbits of low altitude satellites. Deficiencies in operational satellite drag models persist due to empirical model limitations as well as inadequacies of proxy indices used as model drivers. Satellite drag errors result in degraded accuracy, requirements for frequent updates and inadequate predictions of true positions for accurate catalog maintenance, collision avoidance and re-entry operations. Time-dependent global corrections to operational drag models have been derived based on assimilation of satellite tracking data. These corrected drag Values circumvent the persisting deficiencies of current drag models and provide significant improvements in precision orbit determination and prediction for low-earth orbit satellites. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Radex Inc, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. SAIC, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA. SWC, Schriever AFB, CO 80912 USA. RP Marcos, FA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 USA SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 395 EP 409 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 265LX UT WOS:000084246600005 ER PT J AU Tzou, DY Chen, JK AF Tzou, DY Chen, JK TI Thermal lagging in random media SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS MATERIALS; HEAT-CONDUCTION; THIN-FILMS; TRANSPORT; PROPAGATION; DIFFUSION; SCALES AB The lagging behavior of heat transport in amorphous materials is studied by the use of temperature formulation along with surface heating. The percolating network is alternatively viewed as the physical mechanism causing delayed responses between the heat flux vector and temperature gradient in transporting heat. Experimental results of microsecond responses in rough carbon samples and submillisecond responses in weakly bonded copper spheres are re-examined with emphasis on the possible thermal lagging. Picosecond anomalous diffusion predicted by the fractal and fracton models are compared for silica aerogels and silicon dioxides. It has been shown that the fractal behavior in space can be interpreted in terms of the lagging behavior in time. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Energy Effect Res Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Tzou, DY (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 567 EP 574 DI 10.2514/2.6377 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 132CM UT WOS:000076612500017 ER PT J AU Wiedeman, JE Knolmayer, TJ Bowyer, MW AF Wiedeman, JE Knolmayer, TJ Bowyer, MW TI Is tension pneumothorax a threat in trauma laparoscopy? SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 19-21, 1996 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE tension pneumothorax; diaphragmatic injury; diagnostic laparoscopy; pneumoperitoneum ID THERAPEUTIC LAPAROSCOPY; DIAPHRAGMATIC INJURY; ABDOMEN; DIAGNOSIS; WOUNDS; BLUNT; CHEST AB Background: Tension pneumothorax is a reported risk with pneumoperitoneum in the presence of diaphragmatic injuries, A goat model with and without diaphragmatic injury was used to determine if varying levels of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) result in tension pneumothorax. Methods: Twenty-four goats were divided equally into four groups: (1)5 mm Hg IAP control, (2) 15 mm Hg IAP control, (3) 5 mm Hg IAP with diaphragmatic injury, (4) 15 mm Hg IAP with diaphragmatic injury. Chest x-ray films were made and heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure (CVP), arterial blood gases, and airway pressure (AP) were measured at 10-minute intervals up to 30 minutes, Significant changes were determined by using the one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney test with alpha set at p < 0.05. Results: In group 4, 100% tall six goats) developed radiographic evidence of tension pneumothorax by 10 minutes, Mean changes from baseline at 20 minutes for the following parameters were all significantly different from controls: HR (p < 0.05), CVP (p < 0.0001), Pao(2) (p < 0.001), and AP (p < 0.004). Mortality was 67% (four of six) at 25 minutes. In group 3, 100% (all six goats) of the animals developed radiographic evidence of a simple pneumothorax without mediastinal shift, In this group, there were significant changes in Pao, (p < 0.003), AP (p < 0.04), and HR (p < 0.05), Mortality was 16% tone of six) at 25 minutes. Conclusion: In this goat model of diaphragmatic injury, tension pneumothorax is a significant threat when pneumoperitoneum is maintained at 15 mm Hg IAP, Pneumoperitoneum at 5 mm Hg TAP leads to simple pneumothorax with deleterious effects on oxygenation. Changes in AP, CVP, HR, and Pao(2) provide early clues to the development of the problem. C1 David Grand Med Ctr, Med Grp 60, Travis AFB, CA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wiedeman, JE (reprint author), 60 MSGS-SGCQ,101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 677 EP 683 DI 10.1097/00005373-199810000-00006 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 128PH UT WOS:000076406100009 PM 9783604 ER PT J AU Parnell, GS Conley, HW Jackson, JA Lehmkuhl, LJ Andrew, JM AF Parnell, GS Conley, HW Jackson, JA Lehmkuhl, LJ Andrew, JM TI Foundations 2025: A value model for evaluating future air and space forces SO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE decision analysis; Value-Focused Thinking; multiattribute decision analysis AB Air Force 2025 was a study directed by the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force to identify key system concepts and technologies for achieving air and space dominance in the year 2025. The study was a large effort in which over 200 military experts participated for more than one year. We developed a Value-Focused Thinking model, which we used to evaluate which futuristic system concepts have the greatest potential to ensure future U.S. air and space dominance. We named the value model Foundations 2025 because it represented a return to the basics of air and space dominance. We used the "silver standard" approach for value hierarchy development. The participants identified key verbs to describe tasks that must be performed in 2025 to ensure air and space dominance. The value hierarchy was developed bottom-up by aggregating these verbs into higher order tasks using affinity diagrams. Using the value hierarchy, we used multiattribute decision analysis techniques to develop an additive value model with 134 attributes. The Foundations 2025 value model was successfully used to score 43 futuristic system concepts and provide insights about the most promising system concepts and technologies. The analysis results directly supported the study director and the senior leadership of the United States Air Force. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Math Sci, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Toffler Associates, Joint Simulat Syst Program Off, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. ENS, AFIT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF Acad, HQ, DFMS, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. AF Agcy Modeling & Simulat, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Parnell, GS (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Math Sci, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. NR 19 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 USA SN 0025-1909 J9 MANAGE SCI JI Manage. Sci. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1336 EP 1350 DI 10.1287/mnsc.44.10.1336 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 133TA UT WOS:000076700800002 ER PT J AU Hoffman, WP Phan, HT Wapner, PG AF Hoffman, WP Phan, HT Wapner, PG TI The far-reaching nature of microtube technology SO MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS LA English DT Article DE microtubes; microtubules; microchannels; microsprings; microbellows ID CARBON; NANOTUBES; TEMPLATE; SUBMICROMETER; CYCLODEXTRINS; NANOMATERIALS AB Microtubes have potential applications in numerous diverse fields. They are very small diameter tubes (in the nanometer and micron range) with high aspect ratios that can be made from practically any material. In contrast, to other technologies, tubes larger than 5 microns in diameter can be made from any material with any combination of cross-sectional and axial shapes desired. The significance of microtube technology is that it provides solutions to many materials problems as well as the opportunity to miniaturize numerous components and devices that are currently in existence. In addition, components that have to date been impossible to produce can be fabricated using this technology. C1 USAF, Res Lab, PRSM, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Sparta Corp, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Hoffman, WP (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, PRSM, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. EM wesley_hoffman@ple.af.mil NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1432-8917 J9 MATER RES INNOV JI Mater. Res. Innov. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 2 IS 2 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1007/s100190050068 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 133BG UT WOS:000076666100006 ER PT J AU Pullman, D Schaff, JR AF Pullman, D Schaff, JR TI A comparison of 3-D spline variational and finite-element solutions for a cross-ply laminate with a circular hole SO MECHANICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID FREE-EDGE STRESSES; INTERLAMINAR STRESSES; COMPOSITE PLATES; TENSION; ANGLE AB A comparison of the finite-element method and the spline variational theory is presented for the three-dimensional stress analysis of a rectangular plate with a circular hole under uniaxial tension. Isotropic, orthotropic, and cross-ply laminates are considered The finite-element (FE) formulation is based on traditional 20-node isoparametric brick elements. The spline variational theory, or spline variational elastic laminate technology (SVELT) employs a variational approach in which displacements and interlaminar tractions are approximated using sets of B-spline functions. For the isotropic plate and the orthotropic plate, both the FE and SVELT models were sufficiently converged such that vanishing stress components, i.e., the zero-traction conditions at the hole boundary, were reported as less than 0.5% of the average applied stress. A cross-ply laminate [0(2)/90(2)](S) was selected to study the effects of the hole-edge/ply-interface singularity on the model's performance. Stresses approaching the singularity in a radial direction along the ply interface at 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees from the load axis are reported. In the vicinity of singularities and steep stress gradients, results indicate that SVELT can reduce problem sizes or degrees of freedom (DOF) by as much as a factor of 4 while obtaining results of comparable accuracy. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pullman, D (reprint author), Hartzell Propeller Inc, 1 Propeller Pl, Piqua, OH 45356 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1075-9417 J9 MECH COMPOS MATER ST JI Mech. Compos. Mater. Struct. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 309 EP 325 DI 10.1080/10759419808945904 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 124EB UT WOS:000076167400001 ER PT J AU Harmon, JF Bova, F Meeks, S AF Harmon, JF Bova, F Meeks, S TI Inverse radiosurgery treatment planning through deconvolution and constrained optimization SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE intensity modulation; optimization; convolution; radiosurgery ID RADIOTHERAPY DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATION-THERAPY; ROTATION THERAPY; X-RAYS; STEREOTAXIC RADIOSURGERY; CONFORMAL THERAPY; PHOTONS; BEAMS AB An inverse radiosurgery treatment planning approach is presented which calculates conformal dose distributions for small, irregularly shaped targets. Two general approaches have been suggested for solution of the inverse radiotherapy problem: explicit and implicit. Explicit methods are typically fast, but generally require geometric and/or dosimetric simplifications. Implicit methods have also been used, but are computationally expensive because they require iterative manipulation of each beam's individual elements. The method presented here incorporates an integrated approach in order to efficiently solve the inverse problem without requiring simplifications which may affect the accuracy of the final result. A deconvolution algorithm (explicit approach) is utilized to determine the intensity modulation function for multiple user-selected beam's eye views of the desired dose distribution. A simulated annealing algorithm (implicit approach) then optimizes each beam's macroscopic weight. Additionally, this method is fully three-dimensional and accurately models phantom scatter by incorporating Monte Carlo generated energy deposition kernels into the dosimetry process. Several small target structure examples are presented and applicability of this methodology to larger targets for general radiotherapy cases is addressed. (C) 1998 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [S0094-2405(98)03610-4]. C1 Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. Univ Florida, Shands Canc Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Harmon, JF (reprint author), Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1850 EP 1857 DI 10.1118/1.598365 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 129FE UT WOS:000076452500005 PM 9800691 ER PT J AU Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL AF Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL TI A theoretical investigation of the effect of material properties and cavity architecture/shape on ductile failure during the hot tension test SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE SENSITIVITY; ALPHA-BETA-BRASS; SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION; COPPER ALLOY; CAVITATION; FRACTURE; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH AB The effect of material properties and cavity architecture, shape, and orientation on ductile failure behavior during hot tension testing was established using a numerical analysis of the deformation of a representative ''microspecimen.'' The microspecimen consisted of two regions, or slices, one containing the cavities and the other comprising a uniform, cavity-free area. The cavities were assumed to be spherical or cylindrical and to form a simple cubic (sc), body-centered cubic (bcc), or face-centered cubic (fcc) network; tensile loading was taken to be parallel to either the cube edge, face diagonal, or body diagonal. By invoking load equilibrium, expressions describing the relation between the deformations in the uniform and cavity-containing regions were derived. The principal material-related coefficients in these equations were a geometry factor G, whose value depended on the specific cavity architecture and tensile loading direction, the strain-hardening and strain-rate sensitivity exponents n and m, and the parameter eta, used to describe the (volumetric) cavity growth kinetics. For cylindrical cavities, the pertinent void-growth parameter was deduced to be the area cavity growth rate eta(A). Failure was predicted to be either retarded or accelerated when eta(A) is less than or greater than 2 eta/3, respectively. The simulations were used to quantify the microscopic strain localization kinetics and, thus, to identify those deformation regimes in which void growth vs void coalescence (i.e., "internal necking") predominates during the ductile failure process. Model predictions of tensile elongation were validated by comparison with experimental measurements for cavitating materials found in the literature. C1 Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Sci Mat, Aghia 15310, Paraskevi, Greece. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Direcorate, AFRL,MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Nicolaou, PD (reprint author), Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Sci Mat, Aghia 15310, Paraskevi, Greece. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 29 IS 10 BP 2621 EP 2630 DI 10.1007/s11661-998-0234-7 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 128XK UT WOS:000076433500018 ER PT J AU Ma, HB Peterson, GP Pratt, DM AF Ma, HB Peterson, GP Pratt, DM TI Disjoining pressure effect on the wetting characteristics in a capillary tube SO MICROSCALE THERMOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB A mathematical model capable of predicting the wicking height formed by a wetting liquid in a vertical, heated capillary tube was developed. The model incorporates the disjoining pressure, the fluid flow and heat transfer in the thin film region, and the thermocapillary effects. Evaluation of the modeling predictions indicates the meniscus radius of curvature at the vapor-liquid interface increases significantly with increasing heat flux, resulting in an increase in the contact angle due to the surface tension variation, disjoining pressure, and fluid flow in the el aporafing thin film. The increase in the contact angle is shown to be the principal reason that the static wicking height in capillary tubes is typically greater than the dynamic wicking height observed during dynamic flow conditions. In addition to the individual contributions of the dynamic flow effect and the contact angle variation, both of these parameters are presented and discussed as a function of the tube diameter In order to verify the analytical model, comparisons with previously obtained experimental data are made. The verified analytical model presented and developed here provides a better understanding of the wetting phenomena occurring in a heated capillary tube and has applicability in a wide range of applications. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Off Dean, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Peterson, GP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Off Dean, Rm 301 WERC, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1089-3954 J9 MICROSCALE THERM ENG JI Microscale Thermophys. Eng. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 2 IS 4 BP 283 EP 297 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 142LV UT WOS:000077202700005 ER PT J AU Glavan, KA Haynes, N Jones, DR Philput, C AF Glavan, KA Haynes, N Jones, DR Philput, C TI A military application of a medical self-care program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM; BANK-OF-AMERICA AB The cost of health care is a growing concern to the military, Many military clinic appointments and emergency department visits are unnecessary; they are for minor, self-limiting illnesses and injuries that could be treated at home. Military health care can no longer afford the luxury of treating minor illnesses and injuries in the hospital setting. This paper examines one method for military beneficiaries to obtain health care services appropriately. A selected group of military family members received a medical self-care book and an education session, which resulted in more appropriate decision-making about when to use the health care system. This was a 6-month, experimental study using control and experimental groups, with surveys before and after the study period. The self-care book was used 628 times to help make more informed decisions about when to seek medical care. The mean number of clinic and emergency room visits (p = 0.02) decreased for those using the medical self-care book. C1 USAF, AFMC, SGBZ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Glavan, KA (reprint author), USAF, AFMC, SGBZ, 4225 Logist Ave,Suite 23, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 678 EP 681 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600007 PM 9795543 ER PT J AU Bendrick, GA AF Bendrick, GA TI Seasonal variation of grounding rates among B-52H aircrew SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ALLERGIC RHINITIS AB Military commanders and physicians have long suspected that lost duty time attributable to illness increases during the winter months, the so-called "cold and flu season." For military aviation, there are remarkably few data in the literature to support or refute this idea. This study was undertaken to rectify that situation. The combined grounding rates of three operational B-52H Stratofortress squadrons were calculated and tracked for 28 consecutive months using FLYREC, a DOS-based grounding management database. A tally of the grounding diagnoses was also calculated. Results showed an overall grounding rate of 6.06%. The grounding rate for the winter months (December, January, and February) was 7.89% (95% confidence interval, 6.70-9.08), whereas the grounding rate for the summer months (June, July, and August) was 4.74% (95% confidence interval, 3.97-5.50). Respiratory illness of one type or another accounted for 70% of the total number of days grounded. In conclusion, grounding rates appear to vary by season of the year, with higher rates in winter than in summer. Communicable respiratory illness possibly accounts for this seasonal variability. C1 2nd Aerosp Med Squadron, Barksdale AFB, LA 71110 USA. RP Bendrick, GA (reprint author), 2nd Aerosp Med Squadron, 451 Wilbur Wright Dr, Barksdale AFB, LA 71110 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 692 EP 694 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600010 PM 9795546 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Suter, B AF Huang, Y Suter, B TI The Fractional Wave Packet Transform SO MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Fractional Fourier Transform; wavelet; Wave Packet Transform ID FOURIER-TRANSFORMS; WIGNER AB We introduce the concept of the Fractional Wave Packet Transform(FRWPT), based on the idea of the Fractional Fourier Transform(FRFT) and Wave Packet Transform(WPT). We show a version of the resolution of the identity and some properties of FRWPT connected with those of FRFT and WPT. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, AFITENG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, AFITENG, 2950 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-6082 J9 MULTIDIM SYST SIGN P JI Multidimens. Syst. Signal Process. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 9 IS 4 BP 399 EP 402 DI 10.1023/A:1008414608970 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 133LP UT WOS:000076688300010 ER PT J AU Rader, JS Neuman, RJ Brady, J Babb, S Temple, S Kost, E Mutch, DG Herzog, TJ AF Rader, JS Neuman, RJ Brady, J Babb, S Temple, S Kost, E Mutch, DG Herzog, TJ TI Cancer among first-degree relatives of probands with invasive and borderline ovarian cancer SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STATES CASE-CONTROL; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; EPITHELIAL TUMORS; WHITE WOMEN; MUTATIONS; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BRCA1; BREAST; ONSET AB Objective: The familial clustering of ovarian, breast, endometrial, colon, and prostate cancer was compared in first-degree relatives of probands with invasive and borderline ovarian cancer to determine coaggregation. Methods: Probands (n = 392), who had been patients in the Division of Gynecologic Oncology at Washington University, were ascertained consecutively. Family history on 2192 first-degree relatives was collected by personal interviews of the probands and other family members. Estimates of prevalence of cancers in first-degree relatives of the two proband groups were compared. Survival analysis was used to examine the age-at-onset distribution of each cancer in relatives of invasive probands versus relatives of borderline probands. Results: Among the relatives were 24 cases of ovarian cancer, 46 cases of breast cancer, 13 cases of endometrial cancer, and 25 and 28 cases of colon and prostate cancer, respectively. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of any of these cancers in relatives of the invasive and borderline probands. Cumulative lifetime risk estimates did not differ between the relatives of the two groups for any cancers. Age-at-onset of ovarian cancer did not differ between probands with positive family histories of the five cancers and those with negative histories. The inability to reject the null hypothesis of no differences in the first-degree relatives of our two study groups might be from insufficient power to detect small differences, given our sample size. Conclusion: These results suggest that relatives of patients with invasive and borderline ovarian cancer might share similar cancer risks and age-at-onset distributions. (Obstet Gynecol 1998;92:589-95. (C) 1998 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.). C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Rader, JS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 4911 Barnes Jewish Hosp Pl, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH31302] NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 92 IS 4 BP 589 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00275-0 PN 1 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 123GY UT WOS:000076118500020 PM 9764634 ER PT J AU Hudson, LB Perlman, SE AF Hudson, LB Perlman, SE TI Necrotizing genital ulcerations in a premenarcheal female with mononucleosis SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS AB Background: Two cases of genital ulcerations caused by Epstein-Barr virus have been reported previously, one in a sexually active 23-year-old and another in a 14-year-old practicing cunnilingus. Case: We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus genital ulcerations in a premenarcheal virgin. Her systemic symptoms were atypical for mononucleosis. Necrotizing genital ulcerations preceded pharyngitis and oral lesions. Cervical adenopathy, fever, and splenomegaly never developed despite serologic evidence of acute mononucleosis. Conclusion: Genital ulcerations can be the initial manifestation of Epstein-Barr virus in adolescents who are neither sexually active nor immunocompromised. (Obstet Gynecol 1998;92:642-4. (C) 1998 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.) C1 Childrens Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Gynecol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Perlman, SE (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Gynecol, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 4 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 92 IS 4 SU S BP 642 EP 644 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00027-1 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 124BF UT WOS:000076159900001 PM 9764645 ER PT J AU Dunn, JS Anderson, CD Method, MW Brost, BC AF Dunn, JS Anderson, CD Method, MW Brost, BC TI Hydropic degenerating leiomyoma presenting as pseudo-Meigs syndrome with elevated CA 125 SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM CA-125 AB Background: Leiomyomas rarely cause pseudo-Meigs syndrome. Increased levels of CA 125 often are associated with some types of malignancy. No reported case of pseudo-Meigs syndrome presenting with hydropic degeneration of uterine leiomyoma and an elevated CA 125 level could be found on a MEDLINE search. Case: A 46-year-old woman presented with a pleural effusion and a pelvic mass measuring 30 x 18 cm. Preoperative evaluation was remarkable for a CA 125 level of 254 U/mL. At laparotomy, the diagnosis was a benign leiomyoma with focal hyaline and extensive hydropic degeneration. Her pleural effusion resolved completely by 4 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Pseudo-Meigs syndrome can present with an elevated CA 125 level. (Obstet Gynecol 1998;92:648-9.) C1 Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. RP Dunn, JS (reprint author), Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 301 Fisher St,suite D, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. OI Brost, Brian/0000-0002-4903-4186 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 92 IS 4 SU S BP 648 EP 649 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00130-6 PN 2 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 124BF UT WOS:000076159900004 PM 9764648 ER PT J AU Dudenhoefer, EJ Cornblath, WT Schatz, MP AF Dudenhoefer, EJ Cornblath, WT Schatz, MP TI Scalp necrosis with giant cell arteritis SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NANOS Meeting CY FEB, 1996 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP NANOS ID ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION-RATE; TEMPORAL ARTERITIS; BIOPSY AB Objective: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) often presents with devastating visual loss in the elderly, yet early diagnosis and treatment can prevent visual loss. The authors report two cases of GCA in which scalp necrosis, a rare finding not reported previously in the ophthalmic literature, played an important role in diagnosis. Design: Observational case reports and literature review. Participants: Two patients with GCA had scalp necrosis, Intervention: Intravenous steroid administration was performed. Main Outcome Measure: Vision and healing of scalp necrosis were measured. Results: One patient had scalp necrosis that was diagnosed incorrectly preceding visual loss. Another patient had visual loss in one eye diagnosed as nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, He had scalp necrosis develop 2 weeks later, leading to the correct diagnosis of GCA, There are 21 previously reported cases of scalp necrosis with GCA, none in the ophthalmic literature, most of which were undiagnosed until the onset of visual loss. In addition, a higher rate of visual loss is seen in GCA with scalp necrosis. Conclusions: Scalp necrosis is a valuable sign that frequently is misdiagnosed until visual loss occurs, In addition, it may indicate a more severe vasculitis, This finding should be added to the list of signs evaluated in patients for whom GCA is in the differential diagnosis. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Ophthalmol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Neurol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Dudenhoefer, EJ (reprint author), 74th Med Operat Squadron,4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 105 IS 10 BP 1875 EP 1878 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)91033-8 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 127JW UT WOS:000076348300033 PM 9787357 ER PT J AU Lee, MK Little, GR AF Lee, MK Little, GR TI Study of radiation modes for 45-deg tilted fiber phase gratings SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE fiber gratings; slanted gratings; spectral analysis; rf spectrometer; microwave; millimeter wave ID OPTICAL FIBER AB We explore the use of a tilted fiber phase grating to diffract modulated rf optical signal out of the fiber. A mathematical model based on perturbation analysis is derived and used to describe the radiation mode behavior, including scattering direction and radiation power. Simulation results for a system based on a 2-cm-long, fiber phase grating tilted 45 deg are presented. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)01510-4]. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Grad Sch Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Lee, MK (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Grad Sch Engn, 2950 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 37 IS 10 BP 2687 EP 2698 DI 10.1117/1.601826 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 128GY UT WOS:000076398600004 ER PT J AU Miller, JL Kelly, J Ireland, RJ Byars, J AF Miller, JL Kelly, J Ireland, RJ Byars, J TI Performance of a gimballed fiber optic coupled laser spotlight and active television SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE active television; laser diode; laser spotlight; enhanced night vision; fiber optic coupling; forward looking infrared system ID SYSTEM AB Recent advances in high powered laser diodes and fiber optic coupling enable efficient integration of laser systems into existing gimballed systems. A high power, divergent beam is used to illuminate a scene providing enhanced performance in poor weather, the recording of (ship, aircraft or automobile) registry and augmentation to existing night vision devices. Ground tests are conducted by observing alphanumeric characters at 200, 400, 600, 800, 1100 and 1300 m and results are presented. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)00710-7]. C1 FLIR Syst, Portland, OR 97224 USA. Boeing, Kirtland AFB, NM 87175 USA. USAF, Phillips Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87116 USA. Alliant TechSyst, Clearwater, FL 33762 USA. RP Miller, JL (reprint author), FLIR Syst, 16505 SW 72nd Ave, Portland, OR 97224 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 37 IS 10 BP 2703 EP 2709 DI 10.1117/1.601807 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 128GY UT WOS:000076398600006 ER PT J AU White, WR Dajani, I Cifuentes, AF AF White, WR Dajani, I Cifuentes, AF TI All-optical programmable switch with XOR gate functions in a doped silica thin film SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical switching; optical waveguides; integrated optics ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; FIBERS; GLASSES AB We demonstrate an ail-optical programmable switch that can simulate the function of an XOR logic gate. This gate consists of a doped silica planar waveguide, a laser, and the means to couple two fundamental-frequency waves into different waveguiding modes, along with a second-harmonic wave coupled into one guiding mode. The measured SNR is 5.5 dB. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)00810-1]. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Phillips Lab, LID, Kirtland AFB, NM 87115 USA. RP White, WR (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 37 IS 10 BP 2748 EP 2750 DI 10.1117/1.601812 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 128GY UT WOS:000076398600012 ER PT J AU Kothari, R Ensley, D AF Kothari, R Ensley, D TI Function approximation framework for region of interest determination in synthetic aperture radar images SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE synthetic aperture radar; automatic target recognition; detection; clutter; neural networks; region of interest ID TARGET DETECTION; SAR IMAGERY; NETWORKS; RECOGNITION AB Region of interest (ROI) determination is a first and crucial step performed in an automatic target recognition (ATR) system. The goal of ROI determination is to identify candidate regions that may have potential targets. To be most effective, this initial detection (or focus of attention) stage must reject clutter (noise or countermeasures that provide target like characteristics), while ensuring that regions with true targets are not missed. We present a novel approach to ROI determination in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for ATR based on the premise that regions with targets would require a model with more free parameters to smoothly approximate the magnitude of the return. Toward that end, we use a sigmoidal multilayered feed-forward neural network with selected lateral connections between hidden layer neurons to approximate the return in disjoint square patches of the SAR image. This network probably uses as few neurons as possible to produce a desired approximation and thus enables the determination of the number of parameters used in approximating the return in an image patch. Those squares of :he image that require a large number of neurons (more free parameters) are then labeled as ROIs. Results obtained with synthetic and real-world SAR images are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. A significant advantage of the proposed method is that it does not require the presence of a training data set, which, given the variability in SAR images and target signatures, is difficult to obtain. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)02310-1]. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn & Comp Sci, Artificial Neural Syst Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Automat Target Recognit Technol Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn & Comp Sci, Artificial Neural Syst Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM ravi.kothari@uc.edu; densley@mbvlab.wpafb.af.mil NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 37 IS 10 BP 2817 EP 2825 DI 10.1117/1.601827 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 128GY UT WOS:000076398600022 ER PT J AU Ree, MJ Carretta, TR Earles, JA AF Ree, Malcolm James Carretta, Thomas R. Earles, James A. TI In Top-Down Decisions, Weighting Variables Does Not Matter: A Consequence of Wilks' Theorem SO ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH METHODS LA English DT Article AB It is often appropriate to weight variables to form a composite for making decisions. Examples include selection systems, organizational performance criteria, test items, and decision modeling. Frequently, criterion-based regression-weighting is employed, but a sizable literature argues for unit or simple weighting. Wainer demonstrated small loss from equal weights compared to regression weights. Usually, weights are of little importance for rank ordering, echoing Wainer's. "it don't make no nevermirui" Wilks proved a general theorem, that under common circumstances, almost all weighted composites of a set of variables are highly correlated. That is, if a single set of variables is weighted two different ways to form two composites, the expected correlation for the two composites is very high. The authors demonstrate the effect of Wilks' theorem through illustrative examples. Implications of Wilks' theorem are discussed. When top-down decisions are made, weighting variables does not matter because the rank ordering remains almost constant. C1 [Ree, Malcolm James; Earles, James A.] AF Res Lab, Force Dev Res Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, San Antonio, TX USA. [Carretta, Thomas R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Ree, MJ (reprint author), AFRL HEJD, 7909 Lindbergh Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM ree@altirm.brooks.af.mil NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1094-4281 J9 ORGAN RES METHODS JI Organ. Res. Methods PD OCT PY 1998 VL 1 IS 4 BP 407 EP 420 DI 10.1177/109442819814003 PG 14 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA V22OH UT WOS:000208284000003 ER PT J AU Syms, CA Nelson, RA AF Syms, CA Nelson, RA TI Impression-material foreign bodies of the middle ear and external auditory canal SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID BODY C1 House Ear Clin, Los Angeles, CA 90057 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Nelson, RA (reprint author), House Ear Clin, 2100 W 3rd St, Los Angeles, CA 90057 USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 119 IS 4 BP 406 EP 407 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(98)70090-7 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 127NU UT WOS:000076358100022 PM 9782002 ER PT J AU Hagerty, SL Ascher, DP AF Hagerty, SL Ascher, DP TI Spontaneous bleeding associated with the use of the protease inhibitor ritonavir in a hemophiliac patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ritonavir; hemophilia; protease inhibitors ID AIDS C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Hagerty, SL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 17 IS 10 BP 929 EP 930 DI 10.1097/00006454-199810000-00021 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 131CE UT WOS:000076557500020 PM 9802643 ER PT J AU Bimberg, D Ledentsov, NN Grundmann, M Heinrichsdorff, F Ustinov, VM Kop'ev, PS Maximov, MV Alferov, ZI Lott, JA AF Bimberg, D Ledentsov, NN Grundmann, M Heinrichsdorff, F Ustinov, VM Kop'ev, PS Maximov, MV Alferov, ZI Lott, JA TI Application of self-organized quantum dots to edge emitting and vertical cavity lasers SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article DE quantum dot; injection laser; self-organized growth ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DIFFERENTIAL GAIN; LOW-THRESHOLD; ZNSE MATRIX; GAAS; GROWTH; ISLANDS; INGAAS; SURFACES; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB Self-organised quantum dots (QDs) are used successfully as active media of edge emitting and vertical cavity lasers. Threshold current densities at room temperature (RT) of 60A/cm(2) for edge emitting lasers are measured in four side cleaved geometry. High internal (> 96%) and differential (70%) efficiencies are obtained for InGaAs-AlGaAs lasers based on vertically coupled QDs. 1.5 W continuous wave operation at RT is demonstrated. Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) based on QDs demonstrate threshold current densities down to 170 A/cm(2), comparable to the best values obtained for quantum well (QW) VCSELs, and total threshold currents as low as 67 mu A. QD VCSELs,demonstrate a reduction in the total current vs. aperture size down to 1 mu m apertures due to reduced nonequilibrium carrier spreading out of the injection area as compared to QW VCSELs. QD lasers exhibit a much larger gain, differential gain and smaller line width enhancement factor as compared to conventional QW devices. These are clear inidcations that QD lasers will significantly overcome the performance of QW lasers in the future. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bimberg, D (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, Hardenbergstr 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. EM bimb0431@mailszrz.zrz.physik.tu-berlin.d RI Ustinov, Viktor/J-3545-2013; Maximov, Mikhail/A-8562-2014; Grundmann, Marius/D-4229-2012 OI Grundmann, Marius/0000-0001-7554-182X NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD OCT PY 1998 VL 3 IS 1-3 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(98)00227-6 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 139KG UT WOS:000077027400018 ER PT J AU Bochove, EJ AF Bochove, EJ TI Coherent evolution equations for laser resonators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; OPTICAL FEEDBACK; INJECTION LOCKING; LINEWIDTH AB An analytical formulation is presented for the derivation of exact differential equations describing the evolution of the complex cavity fields in laser resonators. The starting point is an integral equation, for example, of Fox-Li type, from which a differential equation is derived following a rigorous procedure that guarantees preservation of the resonator modal structure. The form of such evolution equations for given resonator and field definitions is not unique, but all expressions derived by this method are equivalent in the sense that they carry the same dynamical information as the original integral equation. The example of two longitudinally coupled Fabry-Perot lasers separated by a gap is studied in detail. Agreement with previous heuristic models is found in the weak interaction limit, but in the case of semiconductor lasers, which have comparatively transmissive facets, the corrections are significant. In a second application, the evolution equation of a distributed feedback laser is derived. [S1050-2947(98)00809-9]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, DELO, Albuquerque, NM 87115 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Bochove, EJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DELO, Kirtland AF Base, Albuquerque, NM 87115 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 BP 3195 EP 3204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.58.3195 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 127WQ UT WOS:000076373900075 ER PT J AU Wiff, DR Weinert, RJ AF Wiff, DR Weinert, RJ TI Blending thermotropic liquid crystal and thermoplastic polymers for microreinforcement SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE liquid crystal; Vectra; thermoplastics ID COMPOSITES; EXTRUSION AB A new process to obtain fibrous shaped thermotropic liquid crystal domains in bulk forms by proper blend processing with engineering thermoplastic polymer systems is presented. Normally, unless such a blend has experienced high elongational how, the liquid crystalline domains are globular in shape and provide little or no improvement in tensile mechanical properties. One solution to this dilemma was to make the liquid crystalline domains small enough so that their size approaches that of microvoids in the thermoplastic polymer system. Preliminary investigations were made to demonstrate the process. It was then successfully applied to a thermoplastic polymer for use in aircraft interior panels. Besides the tensile mechanical property improvement, several other properties were greatly improved. One of these was fracture toughness, which doubled in value. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLPJ,Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. GenCorp Corp Technol, Akron, OH 44305 USA. RP Wiff, DR (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLPJ,Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 21 BP 5069 EP 5073 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(97)10300-7 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 107PC UT WOS:000075216800011 ER PT J AU Ryan, P Sandler, D AF Ryan, P Sandler, D TI Scintillation reduction method for photometric measurements SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC INTENSITY SCINTILLATION; ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; PRECISION; ASTEROSEISMOLOGY; LIMITS; STARS AB We explore the reduction of scintillation via differencing signals from binary stars. Theory has been extended to include temporal and angular separation effects simultaneously. For meter-class telescopes, scintillation for a 2 " binary is reduced by greater than a factor of 3. Aperture averaging for differential scintillation had a D-1.4+/-0.1 dependence for exposure times less than or equal to 0.25 s versus D-1.1+/-0.1 for absolute scintillation. For 1.5 m diameter telescopes, the influence of binary separation on differential scintillation for theta < 5 " went as theta(0.6) for instantaneous scintillation and rose slightly with exposure time. If the deconvolution problem can be solved, differencing signals from binary stars offers the potential for increased photometric accuracy. C1 USAF, Res Lab, DES Starfire Opt Range, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. ThermoTrex Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Ryan, P (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DES Starfire Opt Range, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 110 IS 752 BP 1235 EP 1248 DI 10.1086/316248 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 134LU UT WOS:000076745200010 ER PT J AU Burns, DM Bright, VM AF Burns, DM Bright, VM TI Optical power induced damage to microelectromechanical mirrors SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE polysilicon; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); micromirror; micro-optics ID IMPLEMENTATION AB This paper presents the results of an investigation of optical power induced damage to surface-micromachined micromirrors. A mathematical model was developed and used to predict the minimum incident optical power that will permanently damage the reflective surface of a micromirror. The model is based on a heat how analysis of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device in thermal equilibrium under continuous direct illumination, and has been validated using a variety of micromirror designs with both thermal simulation and direct laser illumination. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bright, VM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 14 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 1-2 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(98)00106-X PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 118JY UT WOS:000075835900002 ER PT J AU Butler, JT Bright, VM Comtois, JH AF Butler, JT Bright, VM Comtois, JH TI Multichip module packaging of microelectromechanical systems SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE multichip modules; packaging; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) AB Methods of packaging microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) using two advanced multichip module (MCM) foundry processes are described. Special-purpose surface and bulk micromachined MEMS packaging test dies were designed and fabricated. The MEMS test dies were successfully packaged with CMOS electronics dies using the 'chips first' General Electric high-density interconnect (HDI) technology. Methods for reducing the potential for laser-induced damage and residue formation in the HDI process are demonstrated. The micro module systems MCM-D process was also successfully investigated for applicability to MEMS packaging. Development of MEMS compatible MCM packaging provides an alternative to monolithic fabrication for integration of MEMS and microelectronics. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(98)00107-1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 118JY UT WOS:000075835900003 ER PT J AU Comtois, JH Michalicek, MA Barron, CC AF Comtois, JH Michalicek, MA Barron, CC TI Electrothermal actuators fabricated in four-level planarized surface micromachined polycrystalline silicon SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE microactuators; micromotors; polysilicon; surface micromachining; SUMMiT AB This paper presents the results of tests performed on a variety of electrothermal microactuators and arrays of these actuators. The results are intended to aid designers of thermally actuated mechanisms, and they would apply to any surface micromachined polysilicon MEMS processes. Results presented include force and deflection vs, input power, maximum operating frequency, and the effects of long term operation. The end result is a set of proposed ideal actuator and array geometries for different applications' force requirements. In addition, various methods of arraying these actuators together are presented. Comparisons of these arraying methods allow the designer to choose which method best matches the fabrication process available and the application requirements. Finally, a thermally actuated stepper motor is used to demonstrate a useful application of these arrays. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. US DOE, Sandia Natl Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Barron, CC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 9 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(98)00108-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 118JY UT WOS:000075835900004 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, JC Fisher, JW Confer, PD Byczkowski, JZ AF Lipscomb, JC Fisher, JW Confer, PD Byczkowski, JZ TI In vitro to in vivo extrapolation for trichloroethylene metabolism in humans SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROSOMAL MONOOXYGENASE MARKERS; INVIVO DRUG-METABOLISM; MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE; IN-VITRO; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; CHLORAL HYDRATE; INTERINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES AB The use of in vitro systems in the assessment of xenobiotic metabolism has distinct advantages and disadvantages. While isolated hepatocytes and microsomes prepared from human liver may be used to generate data for comparisons among species and in vitro systems, such comparisons are generally performed on the basis of microsomal protein or million (viable) hepatocytes. Recently, in vitro data have been investigated for their value as quantitative predictors of in vivo metabolic capacity. Because of the existence of large amounts of trichloroethylene (TRI) data in the human, we have examined the metabolism of TRI as a case study in the development of a method to compare metabolism across species using in vitro systems and for extrapolation of metabolic rates from in vitro to in vivo. TRI is well metabolized by human hepatocytes in culture with a K(m) of 266 +/- 202 ppm (mean +/- SD) in headspace and a V(max) of 16.1 +/- 12.9 nmol/h/10(6) viable hepatocytes, We determined that human liver contains approximately 116 x 10(6) hepatocytes and 20.8 mg microsomal protein/g, based on DNA recovery and glucose-6-phosphatase activity, respectively. Thus, the microsomal protein content of hepatocytes is 179 mu g microsomal protein/10(6) isolated hepatocytes. The microsomal apparent V(max) value of 1589 pmol/min/mg microsomal protein extrapolates to 17.07 nmol/h/10(6) hepatocytes. The combination of protein recovery and metabolic rate predicted a V(max) of approximately 1400 nmol/h/g human liver, which, when extrapolated and incorporated into an existing physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for TRI, slightly underpredicted TRI metabolism in the intact human. The quantitation, extrapolation, and inclusion of extrahepatic and cytochrome P450 (CYP)-independent TRI metabolism may increase the predictive value of this approach. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate,AFRL HEST, Crew Survivabil & Logist Div,Operat Toxicol Branc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA 02159 USA. Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45437 USA. RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Jr Dr,MC-190, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 52 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 152 IS 2 BP 376 EP 387 DI 10.1006/taap.1998.8485 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 138VU UT WOS:000076994700010 PM 9853006 ER PT J AU Frazier, JM AF Frazier, JM TI Biologically based kinetic model for chemical kinetics in the isolated perfused rat liver system: Basic recirculation model for water-soluble/lipid-insoluble chemicals (log P-O/W <-1) SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE isolated perfused liver; biologically based kinetic modeling; water soluble chemicals AB The isolated perfused rat liver preparation is a useful experimental tool to study the role of the liver in controlling the systemic kinetics of chemicals in mammalian systems. Various Kinetic processes can influence chemical behavior in the isolated perfused rat liver including membrane transport, binding, metabolism, and biliary excretion. A generic biologically based Kinetic model that incorporates these processes is described. The model is for water-soluble/lipid-insoluble chemicals i.e., chemicals that do not accumulate in the lipid phase. Several theoretical examples of the Kinetic behavior of chemicals with particular properties are used to illustrate the flexibility of the model. The model can be used to analyze the Kinetics of chemicals of interest and as an educational tool to understand the Kinetic implications of the interactions of various physiological-biochemical processes. C1 USAF, Res Lab, HEST,Operat Technol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Frazier, JM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, HEST,Operat Technol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Bldg 79,2856 G St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 257 EP 284 DI 10.1080/105172398242844 PG 28 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 155FY UT WOS:000077937100003 ER PT J AU Vaia, RA Krishnamoorti, R Benner, C Trimer, M AF Vaia, RA Krishnamoorti, R Benner, C Trimer, M TI Chain conformation of rod-like polymers in the melt: Small-angle neutron scattering of poly(benzoyl paraphenylene) SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE small-angle neutron scattering; rigid-rod polymer; thorny-rod polymer; self-reinforcing polymer; chain conformation; persistence length ID REGIOIRREGULAR POLY(P-PHENYLENE)S; SUBSTITUTED HYDROQUINONES; OF-STANDARDS; SIDE-CHAINS; POLYPHENYLENES; POLY(PARA-PHENYLENE)S; POLYMERIZATION; BISMESYLATES; BLENDS AB The chain conformation of a rigid rod polymer, poly(benzoyl paraphenylene), is determined in the melt using small-angle neutron scattering. The coherent scattering cross-section from blends of partially deuterated and hydrogenous poly(benzoyl paraphenylene) agree well with ideal rod scattering for q > 0.02 Angstrom(-1), indicating that the polymer chains are highly extended. Comparison of the results to a single chain-scattering function for chains of arbitrary stiffness yield a persistence length of ca. 130 Angstrom. Pure component scattering at the lowest scattering lengths indicate that the melt is not molecularly homogenous, but is comprised of domains, potentially reflecting localized groupings of chains with similar backbone orientation. Furthermore, this mesoscopic structure depends on the processing history of the polymer in the melt state. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL,MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Chem Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Maxdem Inc, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL,MLBP, 2941 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/F-7914-2011 OI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/0000-0001-5831-502X NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD SEP 30 PY 1998 VL 36 IS 13 BP 2449 EP 2459 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(19980930)36:13<2449::AID-POLB19>3.0.CO;2-3 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 115XA UT WOS:000075690600019 ER PT J AU Lukin, MD Hemmer, PR Loffler, M Scully, MO AF Lukin, MD Hemmer, PR Loffler, M Scully, MO TI Resonant enhancement of parametric processes via radiative interference and induced coherence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; POPULATION-INVERSION; LASER; AMPLIFICATION; PULSE AB Nonlinear optical parametric processes are studied in a resonantly driven multilevel system displaying quantum interference effects. It is shown that in such systems a new regime of nonlinear amplification is possible, in which a pair of correlated Stokes and anti-Stokes fields can be generated from infinitesimally small initial values. An atomic coherence grating emerges during this process of efficient nonlinear amplification. The present analysis explains the results of recent optical phase conjugation experiments involving atomic phase coherence. [S0031-9007(98)01176-2]. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 23 TC 146 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 28 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 13 BP 2675 EP 2678 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.2675 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 123PJ UT WOS:000076133300014 ER PT J AU Ou, SC Liou, KN Yang, P Rolland, P Caudill, TR Lisowski, J Morrison, B AF Ou, SC Liou, KN Yang, P Rolland, P Caudill, TR Lisowski, J Morrison, B TI Airborne retrieval of cirrus cloud optical and microphysical properties using Airborne Remote Earth Sensing System 5.1-5.3 and 3.7-mu m channel data SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; LIGHT-SCATTERING; ICE CRYSTALS; PARAMETERIZATION; SATELLITE; RADIANCES; SPACE AB We present an airborne retrieval algorithm to infer cirrus cloud temperature, optical depth, and mean effective sizes using the Airborne Remote Earth Sensing System (ARES) hyperspectral spectrometer data for the 5.1-5.3 and 3.7 mu m channels. The algorithm, development and the selection of the channels are based on the principle and parameterization of radiative transfer involving cirrus clouds and the associated atmospheric and surface properties. It has been applied to a selected case of the ARES data collected over the western Boston area on September 16, 1995. Validation of the retrieved parameters was carried out using the collocated and coincident ground-based 8.6-mm radar data and ice crystal size distribution measurements obtained from the 2D-P probe on board the high-altitude reconnaissance platform (HARP). We show that the retrieved cirrus cloud temperature, mean effective ice crystal size, and optical depth match closely with those derived from the observations. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USAF, Res Lab, VSBE, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. SciTec Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Aeromet Inc, Tulsa, OK 74170 USA. RP Ou, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, 7127 Math Sci Bldg,405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ssou@atmos.ucla.edu; knliou@atmos.ucla.edu; yang@micro.atmos.ucla.edu; prolland@atmos.ucla.edu; caudill@plh.af.mil; jjl@scitec.com; brianm@aeromet.com RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 27 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D18 BP 23231 EP 23242 DI 10.1029/98JD02069 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 126PT UT WOS:000076302900015 ER PT J AU Sarukura, N Liu, ZL Izumida, S Dubinskii, MA Abdulsabirov, RY Korableva, SL AF Sarukura, N Liu, ZL Izumida, S Dubinskii, MA Abdulsabirov, RY Korableva, SL TI All-solid-state tunable ultraviolet subnanosecond laser with direct pumping by the fifth harmonic of a Nd : YAG laser SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID GENERATION AB We report what we believe is the first all-solid-state tunable ultraviolet laser pumped by the fifth harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Our laser based on a Ce3+:LiLuF4 active medium stably generates a single, satellite-free, 0.88-ns pulse under 5-ns, 10-Hz repetition rate pumping conditions. A novel tilted-incident-angle side-pumping scheme resulted in a simple laser-cavity design. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 444, Japan. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Kazan State Univ, Kazan 420008, Russia. RP Sarukura, N (reprint author), Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 444, Japan. RI Sarukura, Nobuhiko/F-3276-2015; Korableva, Stella/L-7304-2015 OI Sarukura, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-2353-645X; Korableva, Stella/0000-0002-8469-2512 NR 13 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 27 BP 6446 EP 6448 DI 10.1364/AO.37.006446 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 121WH UT WOS:000076038400020 PM 18286149 ER PT J AU Sciulli, D Inman, DJ AF Sciulli, D Inman, DJ TI Isolation design for a flexible system SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB It has been commonly assumed that the corner or mount frequency in an isolator should be designed as low as possible. This is one result of using a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system to model isolation systems. However, for systems that have flexible or non-rigid foundations, a design point for the mount frequency can occur between the modes of the base. By implementing this type of design, a strong interaction will exist between the modes. When isolator damping is included, whether done passively or actively, more than one mode can be attenuated by this new mount design. Therefore, the effects of the mount frequency on isolation designs are discussed as well as using both passive and active damping in the isolator. For active damping, three commonly used control methodologies are discussed: a proportional-plus-integral-plus-derivative (PID) controller, a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) regulator and a positive position feedback (PPF) controller. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSDV, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Sciulli, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSDV, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 18 TC 28 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 17 PY 1998 VL 216 IS 2 BP 251 EP 267 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1998.1667 PG 17 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 121FD UT WOS:000076001900004 ER PT J AU Jasperse, JR AF Jasperse, JR TI Ion heating, electron acceleration, and the self-consistent parallel E-field in downward auroral current regions SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; CONICS; WAVES; CUSP AB Downward auroral current regions are characterized by: upflowing field-aligned electrons; transverse ion heating; depleted plasma densities; downward-pointing parallel E-fields and current densities; intense ELF and VLF plasma wave activity; and the absence of hot magnetospheric particles. In this paper, we present a kinetic model that explains all of these features. Mle imagine a geomagnetic flux tube of finite length imbedded in a downward current region and impose appropriate kinetic boundary conditions. We assume that broadband ELF waves exist on the flux tube and heat the ions by cyclotron resonance near the ion gyrofrequency. We carry out an iterative, steady-state solution for the one-particle distribution functions, f(alpha) (s, nu(perpendicular to), nu(parallel to)), and the self-consistent parallel E-field, E-parallel to (s). When this theory is applied to the Gorney et al. [1985] data set, we find good agreement between theory and experiment for the ion conic, the electron beam, and the downward-pointing E-parallel to (s). C1 USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. CNRS, Ctr Etud Environm Terr & Planetaire, St Maur, France. RP Jasperse, JR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 29 Randolph Rd, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 11 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 18 BP 3485 EP 3488 DI 10.1029/98GL02666 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 119MK UT WOS:000075900100026 ER PT J AU Weyburne, DW Paduano, QS AF Weyburne, DW Paduano, QS TI Simultaneous determination of the compositions and thicknesses of a multilayer film using spectroreflectometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; ALXGA1-XAS; ALGAAS AB In the growth of III-V epitaxial layers, spectroreflectometry is a fast, convenient method for measuring layer thickness. The experimentally measured optical thickness is the product of the composition-dependent refractive index and the layer thickness. In the past, the thickness of a ternary layer was uniquely determined by fixing the composition using photoluminescence or x-ray measurements. In this article, we show that the decoupling can be accomplished by measuring and fitting the spectroreflectance in a wavelength range where there is significant variation of the refractive index, for example, near the semiconductor band gap. The technique is demonstrated by the simultaneous measurement of the compositions and thicknesses of multilayered AlGaAs/GaAs films incorporating up to three different AlGaAs compositions. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF, Res Lab, SNHX, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Weyburne, DW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, SNHX, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 6 BP 3422 EP 3424 DI 10.1063/1.368503 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 119WQ UT WOS:000075921500064 ER PT J AU Singh, SK McCombe, BD Kono, J Allen, SJ Lo, I Mitchel, WC Stutz, CE AF Singh, SK McCombe, BD Kono, J Allen, SJ Lo, I Mitchel, WC Stutz, CE TI Saturation spectroscopy and electronic-state lifetimes in a magnetic field in InAs/AlxGa1-xSb single quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY RELAXATION; MAGNETOPHONON RESONANCE; CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; LANDAU-LEVELS; HOLE SYSTEM; GAAS; HETEROSTRUCTURE; SUPERLATTICES AB Saturation spectroscopy of electronic states in InAs/AlxGa1-xSb single-quantum-well structures has been carried out with the UCSB free-electron laser. An effective Landau-level lifetime is extracted from the cyclotron-resonance (CR) saturation results on a semiconducting sample (x = 0.5) with the help of an n-level rate equation model. The effective lifetime shows strong oscillations (greater than an order of magnitude) with laser frequency with minima shifted to higher frequencies than given by the simple parabolic magnetophonon resonance condition due to large nonparabolicity in the InAs conduction band. Similar saturation studies of two lines (the X line and CR) in a "semimetallic'' sample (x= 0.1) show markedly different effective lifetimes, demonstrating that the two lines are of different origin. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Stanford Univ, Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Terahertz Sci & Technol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. USAF, Wright Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Singh, SK (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 11 BP 7286 EP 7291 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.7286 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 122EK UT WOS:000076058800084 ER PT J AU Du, G Taylor, B Spry, RJ Alexander, M Grayson, C Ferguson, J Reinhardt, B Burkett, J AF Du, G Taylor, B Spry, RJ Alexander, M Grayson, C Ferguson, J Reinhardt, B Burkett, J TI Electroluminescence properties of a non-conjugated polymer poly[2,5-benzoxazolediyl[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)-ethylidene] -5,2-benzoxazolediyl[2,5-bis(decyloxy)-1,4-phenylene]] (6FPBO-OD) SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE organic light-emitting devices; non-conjugated polymers; electroluminescence; photoluminescence; photoconductivity; excimer formation ID BRIGHT BLUE ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; DIODES; POLY(N-VINYLCARBAZOLE); EMISSION; DEVICES; BLENDS AB Light-blue-emitting devices were fabricated from a non-conjugated polymer poly [2,5-benzoxazolediyl[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)-ethylidene]-5,2-benzoxazolediyl[2,5-bis(decyloxy)-1,4-phenylene]] (6FPBO-OD). Top brightness and electroluminescence (EL) internal quantum yield reach 204 cd/m(2) (at 17 V with a Mg:Ag cathode) and 0.86% (at 12 V with an Al cathode), respectively, in the double-layer devices with polymer poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) used as a hole-transporting layer. This competitive performance, especially for a bluish polymer Light-emitting device (LED), was achieved against the fact that the photoluminescence yields of this polymer are unusually low, which is explained in terms of fluorescence quenching excimer formation and intramolecular charge transfer. The understanding of the photophysical nature of this polymer and its link to the polymer structure provides significant implications for improving the electroluminescent properties of this type of non-conjugated polymer. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Miami Univ, Hamilton, OH 45011 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Du, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 97 IS 2 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(98)00123-4 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 138GH UT WOS:000076963200010 ER PT J AU Moghaddam, AP Eggers, JS Calabrese, EJ AF Moghaddam, AP Eggers, JS Calabrese, EJ TI Evaluation of sex difference in tissue repair following acute carbon tetrachloride toxicity in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CC14; liver; sex; repair; nutrition; rats ID CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; HEPATOCELLULAR REGENERATION; CCL4 AUTOPROTECTION; PARTIAL-HEPATECTOMY; HEPATOTOXICITY; CHLORDECONE; LIVER; POTENTIATION; PROTECTION; LETHALITY AB Cellular regeneration and tissue repair greatly influence the outcome of acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) hepatotoxicity. This study examined the temporal kinetics of cellular regeneration and tissue repair processes in male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats following an acute CCl4, exposure (0.8 ml/kg, i.p.). In female rats, hepatic damage peaked at 24 h following the treatment and was similar to 2.5-fold (AST 2.7-fold, ALT 2.3 fold) greater than the damage observed in male rats. The hepatic damage in male rats appeared to peak by 3 h post-exposure and did not significantly change through the 36-h time-point. The activity of cytochrome P 4502E1 was 20% greater in male rats and did not correlate with the magnitude of hepatic damage. Morphometric analysis of cell cycle indices revealed that cellular regeneration was significantly greater in female rats as compared to male rats at 48 h and corresponded proportionally to the extent of liver damage. This study demonstrated that female SD rats respond more severely to acute CCl4, hepatotoxicity than male SD rats and the extent of tissue repair and cellular regeneration was greater in female rats. Furthermore, our results suggest that tissue repair is unlikely to result in accounting for the different responses exhibited by male and female SD rats to CCl4, hepatotoxicity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Operat Toxicol Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Moghaddam, AP (reprint author), Aerosp Med Squadron, 7321 11th St,Bld 249, Hill AFB, OH 43107 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 130 IS 2-3 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(98)00095-X PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 144ZV UT WOS:000077347100002 PM 9865477 ER PT J AU Morris, RA Viggiano, AA AF Morris, RA Viggiano, AA TI Chemistry of PO-, PO2-, and PO3- in the gas phase SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID PHOSPHORUS; BASES C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Battlespace Environm Div,VSBP, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Morris, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Battlespace Environm Div,VSBP, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 8 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 10 BP 4126 EP 4127 DI 10.1063/1.477015 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 116HY UT WOS:000075719900046 ER PT J AU Boyes, P AF Boyes, P TI Moon base was better bet SO AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF, Rancho Murieta, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 USA SN 0005-2175 J9 AVIAT WEEK SPACE TEC JI Aviat. Week Space Technol. PD SEP 7 PY 1998 VL 149 IS 10 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 117UY UT WOS:000075801900010 ER PT J AU LeClair, SR Iwata, S Villars, P AF LeClair, SR Iwata, S Villars, P TI Innovations in materials design - Preface SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Tokyo, Res Artifacts Ctr Engn, Tokyo, Japan. MPDS Mat Phases Data Syst, CH-6354 Vitznau, Switzerland. RP LeClair, SR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD SEP 4 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 1 BP IX EP XI PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 118LQ UT WOS:000075840300002 ER PT J AU Jackson, AG Pawlak, Z LeClair, SR AF Jackson, AG Pawlak, Z LeClair, SR TI Rough sets applied to the discovery of materials knowledge SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE material design; rough sets; pyramidal networks AB The functional mapping of material structure to properties, processing, and use is the principal driver for all scientific and engineering endeavors. Given the high cost of experimentation and the computational intractability of ab initio materials research, more efficient and accurate predictions of yet-to-be-made materials is an equally prominent endeavor, if not a preeminent materials research frontier. Because of the vast amounts of information to be considered in the pursuit of either, the automation of search-based methods for augmenting more analytic approaches is receiving increasing attention. Given the computational challenges to automation and to retrieving data from complex databases, search-based methods offer an expeditious approach to providing a researcher both insight and perspective. Rough sets is discussed relative to these objectives, as is current research to address its limitations and difficulties in application. Several materials related examples are offered to illustrate the application of the method. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Appl Informat, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland. RP Jackson, AG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 32 TC 20 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD SEP 4 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 1 BP 14 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00607-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 118LQ UT WOS:000075840300005 ER PT J AU Pao, YH Meng, Z LeClair, S Igelnik, B AF Pao, YH Meng, Z LeClair, S Igelnik, B TI Materials discovery via topologically-correct display of reduced-dimension data SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE dimension reduction; materials design; materials property prediction; neural networks AB Authors describe and demonstrate a 'ratio-conserving' mapping procedure for attaining reduced-dimension representations of multidimensional data. This procedure has a theoretical basis for topological correctness in that the ratio of the metrics in the two representations is maintained constant throughout. It is also demonstrated that comparing the reduced-dimension depiction of data with the results of clustering and spanning tree operations in the full-dimension space can validate such reduced-dimension mappings. Demonstrations are carried out using a body of semiconductor data, with five independent variables and one dependent variable. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. AI WARE Inc, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, WPAFB, OH USA. RP Pao, YH (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD SEP 4 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 1 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00608-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 118LQ UT WOS:000075840300006 ER PT J AU Chen, CLP Cao, Y LeClair, SR AF Chen, CLP Cao, Y LeClair, SR TI Materials structure-property prediction using a self-architecting neural network SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE neural network; materials; property prediction; unsupervised learning; supervised learning AB An important trend in materials research is to predict properties for a new material before committing experimental resources. Often the prediction is motivated by the search for a material with a unique combination of properties. The selection of a property or feature is crucial to the plausibility of the prediction. This paper proposes the use of a self-architecting neural network to model the relation between materials structure and properties for the purpose of predicting the properties of new materials, i.e. to predict properties for an unknown compound. In this paper, we summarize the prediction attained with the proposed neural network structure referred to as the Orthogonal Functional Basis Neural Network (OFBNN). The OFBNN, which combines a new basis selection process and a regularization technique, not only gives us a more computationally tractable method, but better generalization performance. Simulation studies presented here demonstrate the performance, behavior and advantages of the proposed network. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Chen, CLP (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RI Chen, C. L. Philip/O-2657-2016 OI Chen, C. L. Philip/0000-0001-5451-7230 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD SEP 4 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 1 BP 30 EP 38 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 118LQ UT WOS:000075840300007 ER PT J AU Gordnier, RE Visbal, MR AF Gordnier, RE Visbal, MR TI Numerical simulation of delta-wing roll SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE numerical simulation; delta wing flow field; governing equation algorithm; vortex attack angle; dynamical behaviour; Navier-Stokes equation ID FLOW; SCHEME; FORM AB This paper presents computations of the flowfield around an 80 degrees sweep delta wing undergoing a constant roll-rate manoeuver from 0 degrees to 45 degrees. The governing equations for the problem are the unsteady, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. The equations are solved using the implicit, approximately-factored algorithm of Beam-Warming. Fixed roll angle results are also presented and compared with experimental measurements to demonstrate the ability of the numerical technique to accurately capture the flowfield around a rolled delta wing. The dynamical behavior of the vortex position and strength, as well as its corresponding effect on surface pressure, lift and roll moment are described. A simple, quasi-static explanation of this vortex behavior based on effective angle of attack and sideslip angle is proposed. (C) Elsevier, Paris. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gordnier, RE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2645 5th St,Ste 7, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0034-1223 J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 2 IS 6 BP 347 EP 357 DI 10.1016/S1270-9638(99)80023-6 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 138AR UT WOS:000076949700001 ER PT J AU Charette, JD Zager, S Storrow, AB AF Charette, JD Zager, S Storrow, AB TI Trinder's bedside test for qualitative determination of salicylate ingestions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Emergency Med Residency, Joint Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Charette, JD (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Emergency Med Residency, Joint Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 5 BP 546 EP 546 DI 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90018-3 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 112LW UT WOS:000075497000019 PM 9725982 ER PT J AU Sheriff, DD Augustyniak, RA O'Leary, DS AF Sheriff, DD Augustyniak, RA O'Leary, DS TI Muscle chemoreflex-induced increases in right atrial pressure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dynamic exercise; muscle blood flow; central venous pressure; cardiac filling pressure; venous physiology; venous return; cardiac output; autonomic nervous system; sympathetic nervous system; vasoconstriction; venoconstriction; atrioventricular block; ventricular pacing; vascular occlusion; muscle metaboreflex; dog ID BLOOD-FLOW; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSES; VASCULAR CONDUCTANCE; GRADED REDUCTIONS; DYNAMIC EXERCISE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; AWAKE DOGS; METABOREFLEX; PERFUSION; HUMANS AB When oxygen delivery to active muscle is too low for the ongoing rate of metabolism, metabolites accumulate and stimulate sensory nerves within the muscle leading to sympathetic activation (muscle chemoreflex). To date, studies on this reflex have focused primarily on its ability to increase arterial pressure or on the activity of the nerves that mediate this response. Clearly, a rise in cardiac output (CO) constitutes an important adjustment, because it increases the total blood flow available to be distributed among organs competing for flow However, increments in heart rate and contractility provide limited means of raising CO because of the inverse relationship that exists between CO and right atrial pressure (RAP) in the intact circulation. Our goal was to test whether muscle chemoreflex activation, achieved via graded reductions in hindlimb blood flow by partial vascular occlusion, elicits peripheral vascular adjustments that raise RAP. In four conscious dogs exercising on a treadmill at 3.2 km/h 0% grade, RAP was well maintained during reflex activation despite increases in CO and arterial pressure that are expected to reduce RAP. Thus peripheral vascular adjustments elicited by the reflex successfully defend RAP in a setting where it would otherwise fall. To isolate the effects of the reflex on RAP, CO was maintained constant by ventricular pacing in conjunction with beta(1)-adrenergic blockade with atenolol. When the reflex was activated by reducing hindlimb blood flow from 0.6 to 0.3 l/min, RAP rose from 5.1 +/- 0.8 to 7.4 +/- 0.4 mmHg (P < 0.05) despite continued large (40 mmHg) increases in arterial pressure. During heavier exercise (6.4 km/h 10% grade) in five dogs with normal ventricular function, the reflex raised RAP from 5.7 +/- 0.9 to 6.6 +/- 0.8 mmHg (P < 0.05) despite increases in CO and arterial pressure. We conclude that the muscle chemoreflex is capable of eliciting substantial increases in RAP. C1 USAF, Flight Mot Effects Branch, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Sheriff, DD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Exercise Sci, 516 FH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-02844, HL-55473, HL-46314] NR 36 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 275 IS 3 BP H767 EP H775 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 114QR UT WOS:000075620800005 PM 9724278 ER PT J AU Boxwell, DA AF Boxwell, DA TI 'Whipping the Turks': Stephen Crane's Orientalism SO AMERICAN LITERARY REALISM 1870-1910 LA English DT Article C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Boxwell, DA (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCFARLAND & CO INC PI JEFFERSON PA BOX 611, JEFFERSON, NC 28640 USA SN 0002-9823 J9 AM LIT REALISM JI Am. Lit. Realism 1870-1910 PD FAL PY 1998 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 PG 11 WC Literature, American SC Literature GA 142AC UT WOS:000077176900001 ER PT J AU Bassam, D Cephas, GA Ferguson, KA Beard, LN Young, JS AF Bassam, D Cephas, GA Ferguson, KA Beard, LN Young, JS TI A protocol for the initial management of unstable pelvic fractures SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 66th Annual Scientific Meeting and Postgraduate Course Program of the Southeastern-Surgical-Congress CY JAN 31-FEB 04, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP SE Surg Congress ID TRANSCATHETER EMBOLIZATION; EXTERNAL FIXATION; ANGIOGRAPHIC EMBOLIZATION; HEMORRHAGE; MORTALITY; TRAUMA; INJURY; CLASSIFICATION; EXPERIENCE; DIAGNOSIS AB The initial management of life-threatening hemorrhage associated with severe pelvic fractures has long been a source of debate. A review of the literature reveals that many advocate emergent orthopedic external fixation (EX-FIX) for severe pelvic fractures, whereas others claim greater success with angiographic embolization (ANGIO) as the first line of treatment. Although many have attempted to classify management options by fracture pattern, to date there has been no prospective trial comparing outcomes for each method of treatment. We offer a prospective study of all pelvic fracture patients admitted to our Level I trauma center between July 1994 and July 1995. Patients were classified according to fracture pattern and degree of hemodynamic instability. Those with primarily anterior pelvic ring fractures underwent emergent EX-FIX for control of hemorrhage, whereas those with primarily posterior pelvic ring fractures underwent emergent ANGIO to control hemorrhage. We found that blood product requirements and hospital stay were similar in each group. However, the complication rate was higher in patients who underwent initial emergency EX-FIX, primarily because of failure to adequately control hemorrhage. We conclude that patients with anterior-posterior compression type 2 and 3, lateral compression type 2 and 3, or vertical shear injuries, who are hemodynamically unstable as a result of their pelvic fracture, should undergo immediate ANGIO if laparotomy is not indicated. If laparotomy is indicated, EX-FIX should be placed intraoperatively, followed by postoperative ANGIO. C1 Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Young, JS (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, POB 1005, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. NR 59 TC 61 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 64 IS 9 BP 862 EP 867 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 114RN UT WOS:000075622800017 PM 9731815 ER PT J AU Donahue, SM Needleman, SM AF Donahue, SM Needleman, SM TI Potential cause for medication administration error SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CIRCUIT C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Donahue, SM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3 BP 800 EP 801 DI 10.1097/00000542-199809000-00049 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 118FU UT WOS:000075828400048 PM 9743429 ER PT J AU Edell, T Zhao, W Jones, D AF Edell, T Zhao, W Jones, D TI Gabapentin reduces spinal [H-3]NE release in hyperalgesic rats SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A1104 BP U909 EP U909 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810901098 ER PT J AU Herman, NL Choi, K Afflick, P Calicott, R Brackin, R Gadalla, F Hartman, J Koff, H Lee, SH Van Decar, TK AF Herman, NL Choi, K Afflick, P Calicott, R Brackin, R Gadalla, F Hartman, J Koff, H Lee, SH Van Decar, TK TI Intrathecal fentanyl induces a dose-dependent change in ventilation when given for analgesia during labor SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Anes Dept, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Cornell Univ, New York Hosp, Coll Med, Anes Dept, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A1034 BP U873 EP U873 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810901028 ER PT J AU Suresh, S Cohen, IJ Matuszczak, M Schreiner, M Weldon, BC Davis, PJ Bikhazi, GB Robertson, FM Karl, HW Hummer, K Hannallah, RS Szmuk, P Collins, P Cote, CJ AF Suresh, S Cohen, IJ Matuszczak, M Schreiner, M Weldon, BC Davis, PJ Bikhazi, GB Robertson, FM Karl, HW Hummer, K Hannallah, RS Szmuk, P Collins, P Cote, CJ TI Dose ranging, safety, and efficacy of a new oral midazolam syrup in children SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Hemann Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Childrens Hosp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. St Johns Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. Childrens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Miami, Jackson Mem Med Ctr, Miami, FL USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. Roche Labs Inc, Nutley, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A1313 BP U1015 EP U1015 DI 10.1097/00000542-199809210-00069 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810901305 ER PT J AU Larkin, KT Semenchuk, EM Frazer, NL Suchday, S Taylor, RL AF Larkin, KT Semenchuk, EM Frazer, NL Suchday, S Taylor, RL TI Cardiovascular and behavioral response to social confrontation: Measuring real-life stress in the laboratory SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Psychophysiological-Research CY OCT 17-20, 1996 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Psychophysiol Res ID INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE; CYNICAL HOSTILITY; ANGER MANAGEMENT; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FAMILY HISTORY; REACTIVITY; HYPERTENSION; CONFLICT; ANXIETY; ADAPTABILITY AB Laboratory investigations of cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress often ignore concomitant differences in cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses that are commonly observed among study participants. To provide a more systematic laboratory methodology to examine relations among cardiovascular behavioral, and self-report measures of cognitive and affective responses to stress, we developed and tested a social confrontation procedure involving standardized interactions during two scenes. Results of three investigations are presented to illustrate the utility of the social confrontation procedure. In the first two studies, this multidimensional assessment strategy produced results which may foster research projects that bridge separate areas of psychological inquiry. In one application, persons with hypertensive parents, in contrast to persons with normotensive parents, exhibited characteristic negative behavioral responses during both interactions as well as the more commonly-observed exaggerated blood pressure reactions. In the other study, students from less functional families (regarding cohesion and adaptability) were shown to exhibit exaggerated blood pressure reactions in addition to their commonly-reported negative cognitive and behavioral coping styles. Finally, a third study examined how a simple instructional set regarding the expression or suppression of anger influenced participants' responses Significant differences were observed across response domains, with anger expression resulting in a more intense response than anger suppression. In sum, the social confrontation procedure represents an important methodological development for exploring the relation between response domains, the relation between cardiovascular response to stress and psychosocial risk for cardiovascular disease, and the physiological and behavioral distinction between anger expression and anger suppression. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Psychol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Ctr Pain Control, Libertyville, IL USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Bowling Green State Univ, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. RP Larkin, KT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 4 PU SOC BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE PI MIDDLETON PA 7611 ELMWOOD AVE, STE 201, MIDDLETON, WI 53562-3161 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 294 EP 301 PG 8 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 193BL UT WOS:000080115500007 PM 10234423 ER PT J AU Pelton, JJ Milbourn, CT Parsons, TW AF Pelton, JJ Milbourn, CT Parsons, TW TI Circumferential forearm fasciocutaneous free flap reconstruction of forequarter amputation chest wall resection using simultaneous extra-anatomic revascularization (SEAR) SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 17-23, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Soc Surg Oncol DE fasciocutaneous free flap; forequarter amputation AB Background: This report describes a technique in which temporary extra-anatomic revascularization of an amputated part was used to preserve a free flap while tumor resection and chest wall reconstruction were performed. Methods: A patient with multiple local recurrences of basosquamous carcinoma of the shoulder underwent forequarter amputation with en bloc resection of the upper chest wall. During the resection, an elbow disarticulation of the amputated limb was performed. The vascular pedicle of the amputated forearm was joined to the dorsalis pedis vessels of the foot. Following completion of tumor resection and chest wall reconstruction, the forearm was disconnected from the foot and re-anastomosed to thoracic vessels, and a circumferential fasciocutaneous free flap was then harvested and inset. Results: No ischemic flap complications occurred, and the patient recovered well. Ample time was afforded for complete tumor resection with negative margins and prosthetic reconstruction of the chest wall. Conclusions: The technique of temporary, simultaneous extra-anatomic revascularization of an amputated part for later free flap harvest may be helpful in avoiding potentially long flap ischemia times in selected complex oncologic resections. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Pelton, JJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Sect Surg Oncol MKSG, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 BP 557 EP 560 DI 10.1007/BF02303651 PG 4 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 118WD UT WOS:000075863000014 PM 9754767 ER PT J AU McDevitt, NT Bultman, JE Zabinski, JS AF McDevitt, NT Bultman, JE Zabinski, JS TI Study of amorphous MoS2 films grown by pulsed laser deposition SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; XPS; MoS2; films ID MOLYBDENUM TRISULFIDE; RAMAN; SPECTROSCOPY; DISORDER; SPECTRA AB The amorphous structure of MoS2 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has been evaluated with the use of Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The initial study of the room-temperature deposited films indicated a featureless Raman spectrum. On closer examination, however, four weak reproducible bands were observed. There has been some confusion in the literature as to the nature of this spectrum-whether it represents an amorphous MoS3 structure or a mixture of MoS2 and sulfur. Our interpretation of the Raman and XPS data indicates that the laser-deposited films represent a mixture of small domains of MoS2 and amorphous sulfur. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, MLBT, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Ramspec Res, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Zabinski, JS (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, MLBT, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 49 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1160 EP 1164 DI 10.1366/0003702981945165 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 127VW UT WOS:000076372100007 ER PT J AU Sanders, JH Cutler, JN John, G AF Sanders, JH Cutler, JN John, G TI Characterization of surface layers on M-50 steel exposed to perfluoropolyalkylethers at elevated temperatures SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mossbauer spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; corrosion; tribology; iron; ethers ID OXIDE; IRON; DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION; CORROSION; ALKYL AB Complex surface layers have been identified on M-50 steel samples exposed to a linear perfluoropolyalkyether (PFPAE) in the presence of air at 260 degrees C, An understanding of the mechanisms that drive the formation of these layers is believed to be crucial for efforts to develop PFPAEs as effective lubricants for advanced high temperature turbine engines, Work presented here shows that the extreme surface region contains physisorbed PFPAE and Fe fluoride under which an Fe3O4 layer is observed followed by an FeF2, layer which is adjacent to the substrate, similar layered structures have been observed for Fe-containing materials exposed to HF but have not been reported for PFPAE systems. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) were used to unambiguously characterize these layers, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBT,WL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, AFIT,ENP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sanders, JH (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBT,WL, 2941 P St,Suite 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM sanderjh@ml.wpafb.af.mil NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 135 IS 1-4 BP 169 EP 177 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00273-6 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 125ZF UT WOS:000076267100024 ER PT J AU Stone, B Wiggins, V Turner-Holland, K Looper, LT AF Stone, B Wiggins, V Turner-Holland, K Looper, LT TI Air force pilot retention: Evaluating the results of alternative models SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This study developed two alternative models of the relationship between Air Force pilot retention decisions and demographic, educational, economic, and Air Force institutional factors. A particular focus of the study was an evaluation of the effects of a bonus on pilot retention. A neural network model helped identify several variable nonlinearities and interactions that were incorporated into a legit model estimated using data from 1980 to 1988. The legit results showed over 80 percent (45 out of 56) of the explanatory variables (including relative military to civilian compensation, airline hiring, and Air Force pilot manning) to be significant (p less than or equal to 0.10). Results from the legit analysis revealed that Air Force pilot continuation behavior, since the 1989 introduction of the pilot retention bonus, is highly elastic, compared to the prior nine-year period (2.335 vs. 0.529). Elimination or reduction of the bonus would seriously affect future Air Force pilot force management. C1 Metr Inc, Manpower Personnel & Training Div, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. Stata, Byran, TX USA. USAF, Force Dev Res Branch, Res Branch Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Stone, B (reprint author), Metr Inc, Manpower Personnel & Training Div, 10010 San Pedro,Suite 400, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 25 IS 1 BP 121 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X9802500107 PG 16 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 146NM UT WOS:000077437200006 ER PT J AU Franck, RE AF Franck, RE TI On the origins of war and the preservation of peace. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USAF Acad, Dept Econ & Geog, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Franck, RE (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Econ & Geog, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 25 IS 1 BP 178 EP 180 DI 10.1177/0095327X9802500115 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 146NM UT WOS:000077437200013 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A AF Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A TI The reduced rate of hip arthroplasty among Hispanics is not related to socioeconomic factors. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 360 BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600361 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A AF Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A TI Ethnic and socioeconomic factors associated with length of stay following hip or knee replacement surgery for primary joint diseases. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 359 BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600360 ER PT J AU Grismer, LEM Gill, SA Harris, MD AF Grismer, LEM Gill, SA Harris, MD TI Liver biopsy in psoriatic arthritis to detect methotrexate hepatotoxicity. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1818 BP S335 EP S335 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601817 ER PT J AU Munn, EJ Alloway, JA AF Munn, EJ Alloway, JA TI Increased prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in gout. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 715 BP S152 EP S152 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600716 ER PT J AU Miller, MD Osborne, JR AF Miller, MD Osborne, JR TI Spontaneous vacuum pneumoarthrography revisited: The significance of the vacuum phenomenon in the lateral compartment of the knee SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vacuum phenomenon; lateral meniscus; MRI artifact AB We report seven cases of spontaneous vacuum phenomenon of the lateral compartment of the knee. Previous reports of the vacuum phenomenon suggest that it is related to traction on a joint or the absence of an effusion. The presence of this finding on plain radiographs, or artifacts associated with it on magnetic resonance imaging, have been said to create a false-positive indication for meniscal tears, especially in the medial compartment. We describe plain radiographic, magnetic resonance, and arthroscopic findings in seven consecutive patients with vacuum phenomenon of the lateral compartment of the knee and conclude that this finding may be a true-positive indication for degenerative meniscal tears and chondrosis. The etiology of this finding and its long-term significance remains unclear. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Radiol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Miller, MD (reprint author), USAF, MC, 112 Charles Rd, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD SEP PY 1998 VL 14 IS 6 BP 576 EP 579 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(98)70052-0 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 118VM UT WOS:000075861300004 PM 9754474 ER PT J AU Chelette, TL Albery, WB Esken, RL Tripp, LD AF Chelette, TL Albery, WB Esken, RL Tripp, LD TI Female exposure to high G: Performance of simulated flight after 24 hours of sleep deprivation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION AB Background: Ground-based research has investigated the loss of cognitive function in the extreme conditions of C-induced loss of consciousness, however, little is known about pilots' abilities to maintain cognitive performance throughout prolonged conscious exposure in the high-G environment. The effects of fatigue and G layoff on performance during exposure to high G are mostly unknown for the female population. Methods: This research was conducted on the centrifuge Dynamic Environment Simulator. Active-duty personnel (8 male and 8 female) were trained to fly the F-16 simulation while 30 performance measures were recorded. Performance was re-evaluated after 24 h of sleep deprivation. Results: Neither male nor female overall performance was affected significantly by sleep status, although individual tasks showed sensitivity; call-sign reaction time was longer by 33%, and missile survival was less likely. Also, when sleep deprived, perceived effort and physical demand were higher while perceived performance was lower. No differences in performance were found in either gender due to lay-off, although some physiologic deconditioning was apparent. Women commanded and endured the same amount of G load as men, however, on average they could not perform the tracking task quite as well. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation (24 h) produced sensations of fatigue and frustration, but overall performance was not reduced. The ability of personnel to complete a complex defensive maneuver was reduced when they were sleep deprived. The women that we tested apparently could not optimize the tracking task as well as their male counterparts when Gz was in the simulation. None of these results were sufficient to suggest that women should not be allowed to compete for flying assignments in high-performance aircraft. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Crew Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Chelette, TL (reprint author), AL CFBS Bldg 29,2245 Monahan Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 69 IS 9 BP 862 EP 868 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 115CU UT WOS:000075646600006 PM 9737757 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Tripp, LD Ludwig, DA Duff, J Chelette, TL AF Convertino, VA Tripp, LD Ludwig, DA Duff, J Chelette, TL TI Female exposure to high G: Chronic adaptations of cardiovascular functions SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; VALSALVA MANEUVER; RESPONSES; BAROREFLEX; SPACEFLIGHT; TOLERANCE; REFLEX; WOMEN AB Introduction: Exposure to microgravity is associated with increased leg venous compliance and reductions in cardiac output, baroreflex functions, and tolerance to orthostatism. However, the effects of chronic exposure to high-G environments are unknown. In addition, there is evidence that females have lower orthostatic tolerance than males, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we tested the hypotheses that high-G training will enhance baroreflex and orthostatic functions and that females will demonstrate similar adaptations compared with males. Methods: Calf venous compliance, baroreflex function, and orthostatic performance were measured in six men and seven women before and after repeated exposures on the centrifuge (G-training) for 4 wk, 3 times/wk, with gradual levels of G starting with +3 Gz without G-suit protection during week 1 and advancing to +9 Gz with G-suit protection by the end of week 4. Calf venous compliance was measured by occlusion plethysmography using impedance rheographic recordings of volume change. Baroreflex function was assessed from beat-by-beat changes in heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) that were measured before, during, and after a Valsalva maneuver strain at 30 mmHg expiratory pressure. The orthostatic performance of reflex responses was assessed from beat-by-beat changes in HR, MAP, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q; by impedance plethysmography), and systemic peripheral resistance during the last 10 cardiac beats of a 4-min squat position and during the initial 10 cardiac beats in a standing position. Results: G-training increased calf compliance in both men and women. SV and Q were increased during the squat-to-stand test in the males, but not in the females, following G-training and provided protection against the development of acute hypotension in the men. Conclusions: G-training caused adaptations in orthostatic functions opposite to those observed following exposure to microgravity environments. However, adaptations to G-training were limited in females, a finding that may provide a physiological basis for their lower simulated combat tracking performance during simulated aerial combat maneuvers compared with males. C1 Armstrong Lab, AOCY, Div Clin Sci, Physiol Res Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Syst Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. Armstrong Lab, Biodynam & Biocommun Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, AOCY, Div Clin Sci, Physiol Res Branch, 2507 Kennedy Circle, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 69 IS 9 BP 875 EP 882 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 115CU UT WOS:000075646600008 PM 9737759 ER PT J AU DeFusco, RP AF DeFusco, RP TI USAF Academy bird avoidance program SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP DeFusco, RP (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 69 IS 9 BP 928 EP 928 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 115CU UT WOS:000075646600019 ER PT J AU Hall, DL Kafadar, K Malkinson, AM AF Hall, DL Kafadar, K Malkinson, AM TI Statistical methodology for assessing homology of intronic regions of genes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF STATISTICS-REVUE CANADIENNE DE STATISTIQUE LA English DT Article DE cluster analysis; homology; interrupted genes; introns; Markov processes; noncoding DNA; oncogenes; sequence analysis; transition matrix ID SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MARKOV-CHAINS; DNA; WORDS AB We consider the problem of statistically evaluating the similarity of DNA intronic regions of genes. Present algorithms are based on matching a sequence of interest with known DNA sequences in a gene bank and are designed primarily to assess homology among exonic regions of genes. Most research focuses on exonic regions because they have a clear biological significance, coding for proteins, and therefore tend to be more conserved in evolution than intronic regions. To investigate whether the intronic features of genes whose expression is highly sensitive to environmental perturbations differ from genes that have a more constant expression, a collection of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and nonregulatory genes involved in energy metabolism are compared. An analysis of the features of these genes' intronic regions result in clustering by regulatory group. In addition, Billingsley's test for Markov structure (1961) suggests that 67% of the intronic regions in this collection of genes show evidence of nonrandom structure, indicating the possibility of a biological function for these regions. The result of Billingsley's test for homology is used as input to a clustering algorithm. The biological significance of this methodology lies in the identification of groups based on the intronic regions from genes of unknown function. With the advent of rapid sequencing techniques, there is a great need for statistical techniques re help identify the purpose of poorly understood portions of genes. These methods can be utilized to assess the functional group to which such a gene might possibly belong. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Math Sci, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Math, Denver, CO 80217 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM halldl.dfms@usafa.af.mil NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN JOURNAL STATISTICS PI OTTAWA PA 675 DENBURY AVENUE, OTTAWA, ON K2A 2P2, CANADA SN 0319-5724 J9 CAN J STAT JI Can. J. Stat.-Rev. Can. Stat. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 455 EP 465 DI 10.2307/3315769 PG 11 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 125GQ UT WOS:000076229400008 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Fisher, JW Lindstrom, AB AF Pleil, JD Fisher, JW Lindstrom, AB TI Trichloroethene levels in human blood and exhaled breath from controlled inhalation exposure SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE blood/breath measurement; breath sampling; partition coefficients; time constants; trichloroethene; uptake and elimination models ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BUTYL ETHER MTBE; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; MODEL; METABOLISM; PREDICTION; CHLOROFORM; CHEMICALS; CHAMBER AB The organic constituents of exhaled human breath are representative of bloodborne concentrations through gas exchange in the blood/breath interface in the lungs. The presence of specific compounds can be an indicator of recent exposure or represent a biological response of the subject. For volatile organic compounds, sampling and analysis of breath is preferred to direct measurement from blood samples because breath collection is noninvasive, potentially infectious waste is avoided, the sample supply is essentially limitless, and the measurement of gas-phase analytes is much simpler in a gas matrix rather than in a complex biological tissue such as blood. However, to assess the distribution of a contaminant in the body requires a reasonable estimate of the blood level. We have investigated the use of noninvasive breath measurements as a surrogate for blood measurements for (high) occupational levels of trichloroethene in a controlled exposure experiment. Subjects were placed in an exposure chamber for 24 hr; they were exposed to 100 parts per million by volume trichloroethene for the initial 4 hr and to purified air for the remaining 20 hr. Matched breath and blood samples were collected periodically during the experiment. We modeled the resulting concentration data with respect to their time course and assessed the blood/breath relationship during the exposure (uptake) period and during the postexposure (elimination) period. Estimates for peak blood levels, compartmental distribution, and time constants were calculated from breath data and compared to direct blood measurements to assess the validity of the breath measurement methodology. Blood/breath partition coeffcients were studied during both uptake and elimination. At equilibrium conditions at the end of the exposure, we could predict actual blood levels using breath elimination curve calculations and a literature value partition coefficient with a mean ratio of calculated:measured of 0.98 and standard error (SE) = 0.12 across all subjects, blood/breath comparisons at equilibrium resulted in calculated in vivo partition coefficients with a mean of 10.8 and SE = 0.60 across all subjects and experiments and 9.69 with SE = 0.93 for elimination-only experiments. We found that about 78% of trichloroethene entering the body during inhalation exposure is metabolized, stored, or excreted through routes other than exhalation. C1 US EPA, NERL MD44, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Div Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, NERL MD44, S-239C Environm Res Ctr Annex,79 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 28 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 106 IS 9 BP 573 EP 580 DI 10.1289/ehp.98106573 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 123BF UT WOS:000076105400023 PM 9721257 ER PT J AU Ball, WP Goltz, MN Roberts, PV Valocchi, AJ Brusseau, ML AF Ball, WP Goltz, MN Roberts, PV Valocchi, AJ Brusseau, ML TI Comment on "Field-scale transport of nonpolar organic solutes in 3-D heterogeneous aquifers" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID DIFFUSION; MODELS; SOILS C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn & Environm Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Ball, WP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Goltz, Mark/A-7394-2009; Ball, William/A-3285-2010 OI Ball, William/0000-0001-5217-8108 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 17 BP 2654 EP 2655 DI 10.1021/es980264+ PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 116KX UT WOS:000075724800044 ER PT J AU Burris, DR Delcomyn, CA Deng, BL Buck, LE Hatfield, K AF Burris, DR Delcomyn, CA Deng, BL Buck, LE Hatfield, K TI Kinetics of tetrachloroethylene reductive dechlorination catalyzed by vitamin B-12 SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene; reductive dechlorination; kinetics; vitamin B-12 ID TRANSITION-METAL COENZYMES; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; HYDROCARBONS; ELIMINATION; SYSTEMS AB Reductive dechlorination kinetics of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) to ethylene catalyzed by vitamin B-12 using Ti[III] citrate as the bulk reductant was examined in a vapor/water batch system, ii kinetic model incorporating substrate-B-12 electron-transfer complex formation and subsequent product release was developed. The model also accounted for the primary reductive dechlorination pathways (hydrogenolysis and reductive beta elimination) and vapor/water-phase partitioning. Reaction rate constants were sequentially determined by fitting the model to experimental kinetic data while moving upward through consecutive reaction pathways. The release of product from the complex was found to be second order with respect to substrate concentration for both PCE and acetylene; all other substrates appeared to release by first order. Reductive beta elimination was found to be a significant reaction pathway for trichloroethylene (TCE), and chloroacetylene was observed as a reactive intermediate. Acetylene production appears to be primarily due to the reduction of chloroacetylene derived from TCE. The reduction of cis-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), the primary DCE isomer formed, was extremely slow, leading to a significant buildup of cis-DCE. The kinetics of acetylene and vinyl chloride reduction appeared to be limited by the formation of relatively stable substrate-B-12 complexes. The relatively simple model examined appears to adequately represent the main features of the experimental data. C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Appl Res Associates Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mineral & Environm Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Brooklyn, NY 12201 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Civil Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Burris, DR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, MLQR, 139 Barnes Dr, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. OI Deng, Baolin/0000-0001-6569-1808 NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 18 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1681 EP 1688 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<1681:KOTRDC>2.3.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 112NX UT WOS:000075501600006 ER PT J AU Nelson, DA Nunneley, SA AF Nelson, DA Nunneley, SA TI Brain temperature and limits on transcranial cooling in humans: quantitative modeling results SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brain cooling; heat exchange; hyperthermia; thermoregulation ID BLOOD-FLOW; TYMPANIC TEMPERATURES; HEAT; EXERCISE; VEINS AB Selective brain cooling (SBC) of varying strengths has been demonstrated in a number of mammals and appears to play a role in systemic thermoregulation. Although primates lack obvious specialization for SEC, the possibility of brain cooling in humans has been debated for many years. This paper reports on the use of mathematical modeling to explore whether surface cooling can control effectively the temperature of the human cerebrum. The brain was modeled as a hemisphere with a volume of 1.33 1 and overlying layers of cerebrospinal fluid, skull, and scalp. Each component was assigned appropriate dimensions, physical properties and physiological characteristics that were determined from the literature. The effects of blood flow and of thermal conduction were modeled using the steady-state form of the bio-heat equation. Input parameters included core (arterial) temperature: normal (37 degrees C) or hyperthermic (40 degrees C), air temperature: warm (30 degrees C) or hot (40 degrees C), and sweat evaporation rate: 0, 0.25, or 0.50 1 . m(-2) . h(-1). The resulting skin temperatures of the model ranged from 31.8 degrees C to 40.2 degrees C, values which are consistent with data obtained from the literature. Cerebral temperatures were generally insensitive to surface conditions (air temperature and evaporation rate), which affected only the most superficial level of the cerebrum (less than or equal to 1.5 mm) The remaining parenchymal temperatures were 0.2-0.3 degrees C above arterial temperatures, regardless of surface conditions. This held true even for the worst-case conditions combining core hyperthermia in a hot environment with zero evaporative cooling. Modeling showed that the low surface-to-volume ratio, low tissue conductivity, and high rate of cerebral perfusion combine to minimize the potential impact of surface cooling, whether by transcranial venous flow or by conduction through intervening layers to the skin or mucosal surfaces. The dense capillary network in the brain assures that its temperature closely follows arterial temperature and is controlled through systemic thermoregulation independent of head surface temperature. A review of the literature reveals several independent lines of evidence which support these findings and indicate the absence of functionally significant transcranial venous how in either direction. Given the fact that humans sometimes work under conditions which produce face and scalp temperatures that are above core temperature, a transcranial thermal link would not necessarily protect the brain, but might instead increase its vulnerability to environmentally induced thermal injury. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Ctr Biomed Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Nelson, DA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Ctr Biomed Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 40 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-5548 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL O JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 78 IS 4 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s004210050431 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 118JF UT WOS:000075834200011 PM 9754976 ER PT J AU Buryachenko, VA Rammerstorfer, FG AF Buryachenko, VA Rammerstorfer, FG TI Thermoelastic stress fluctuations in random-structure coated particulate composites SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE microstructures; inhomogeneous material; elastic material ID ELASTIC COMPOSITES; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; DEFORMATIONS; BEHAVIOR; STRAINS; MEDIA AB In this paper linearly thermoelastic composite media are considered, consisting of a homogeneous matrix containing a statistically homogeneous random set of ellipsoidal uncoated or coated inclusions. This study constitutes an extension of the theory regarding the purely isothermal elastic case and uncoated ellipsoidal inclusions. Effective properties (such as compliance, thermal expansion, stored energy) and both first and second statistical moments of stresses in the components are estimated for the general case of nonhomogeneity of the thermoelastic inclusion properties. The micromechanical approach is based on Green's function techniques and on the generalization of the 'multiparticle effective field' method (MEFM), previously proposed for the estimation of stress field averages in the components. The application of this theory is demonstrated by calculating this overall yield surfaces of composite materials. The influence of the coating is analyzed both by the assumption of homogeneity of the stress field in the inclusion core and the thin-layer hypothesis. (C) Elsevier, Paris. C1 Moscow State Univ Engn Ecol, Dept Math, Moscow 107884, Russia. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Light Weight Struct & Aerosp Engn, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Buryachenko, VA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, AFRL,MLBM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM buryach@aol.com RI Rammerstorfer, Franz/R-9329-2016 NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0997-7538 EI 1873-7285 J9 EUR J MECH A-SOLID JI Eur. J. Mech. A-Solids PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 17 IS 5 BP 763 EP 788 DI 10.1016/S0997-7538(98)80004-1 PG 26 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 129CU UT WOS:000076446300004 ER PT J AU Gogineni, S Goss, L Pestian, D Rivir, R AF Gogineni, S Goss, L Pestian, D Rivir, R TI Two-color digital PIV employing a single CCD camera SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; DIRECTIONAL AMBIGUITY AB An extension of two color particle image velocimetry (PIV) is described where the color images are recorded onto a single high-resolution (3060 x 2036 pixel) color CCD sensor. Unlike mono-color CCD sensors, this system not only eliminates the processing time and the subsequent digitization time of film-based PIV but also resolves the directional ambiguity of the velocity vector without using conventional image-shifting techniques. For comparing the spatial resolutions of film and CCD data, a calibration experiment is conducted by recording the speckle pattern onto 35 mm color film and using a CCD sensor under identical conditions. This technique has been successfully implemented for simulated turbine film-cooling flows in order to obtain a more detailed characterization of the coolant-injection phenomenon and its interaction with freestream disturbances. C1 Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Propuls Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gogineni, S (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD SEP PY 1998 VL 25 IS 4 BP 320 EP 328 DI 10.1007/s003480050236 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 125MC UT WOS:000076240500005 ER PT J AU Noe, MD AF Noe, MD TI Kingsley's 'Alton Locke' SO EXPLICATOR LA English DT Article C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA. RP Noe, MD (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0014-4940 J9 EXPLICATOR JI Explicator PD FAL PY 1998 VL 57 IS 1 BP 24 EP 26 PG 3 WC Literature SC Literature GA 143KP UT WOS:000077254900011 ER PT J AU Kadiyala, V Smets, BF Chandran, K Spain, JC AF Kadiyala, V Smets, BF Chandran, K Spain, JC TI High affinity p-nitrophenol oxidation by Bacillus sphaericus JS905 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus sphaericus JS905; kinetics; p-nitrophenol oxidation; respirometry ID PSEUDOMONAS SP; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; BACTERIA AB Bacillus sphaericus JS905, isolated from an agricultural soil by selective enrichment, transforms p-nitrophenol (PNP) releasing only nitrite in stoichiometric amounts. The kinetics of PNP oxidation by this strain were successfully measured using an extant respirometric assay. Washed PNP-grown cells displayed very high substrate affinity (K(s)) values of 0.003 and 0.023 mg PNP l(-1), and low specific growth rate (mu(max)) values of 0.021 and 0.019 h(-1) at 30 and 37 degrees C, respectively, at initial substrate concentration of 0.70 and 1.40 mg PNP l(-1). Substrate inhibition was only evident at substrate concentration of 2.80 mg PNP l(-1); the measured kinetic parameters were 0.055 and 0.043 h(-1). Temperature had a small impact on the measured values for mu(max) and K(s). Surprisingly, values for the endogenous decay coefficient (0.015 and 0.020 h(-1) at 30 and 37 degrees C, respectively) were of the same size as the specific growth rate. This indicates that net growth of B. sphaericus JS905 on PNP when used as a sole substrate is very small. As a result, the advantage of the high affinity PNP removal by this strain must probably depend on its growth on other primary substrates. The O(2)/PNP stoichiometry indicates the consumption of 3 mol of molecular oxygen for the oxidation of each mol of PNP. (C) 1998 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 AFR MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Kadiyala, V (reprint author), Sri Krishnadevaraya Univ, Dept Microbiol, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India. OI Chandran, Kartik/0000-0002-7526-3724 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 166 IS 1 BP 115 EP 120 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 116TK UT WOS:000075740700017 ER PT J AU Klesges, RC Zbikowski, SM Haddock, CK Talcott, GW Lando, HA Robinson, LA AF Klesges, RC Zbikowski, SM Haddock, CK Talcott, GW Lando, HA Robinson, LA TI The relationship between smoking and body weight in a population of young military personnel SO HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE smoking; body weight; young adults ID SELF-REPORTED WEIGHT; ADOLESCENT SMOKING; PREDICTORS; INITIATION; CESSATION; BEHAVIOR; HEIGHT AB Evidence indicates that middle-aged smokers weigh less than nonsmokers and that smoking cessation reliably produces weight gain, but recent studies have questioned the weight control "benefits" of smoking in younger populations (the time that people typically initiate smoking). The relationship between smoking and body weight was evaluated in all U.S. Air Force Basic Military Training recruits during a 1-year period (n = 32,144). Those who smoked prior to Basic Military Training (n = 10,440) were compared to never smokers or experimental smokers. Results indicated that regular-current smoking had no relationship to body weight in women (p >.05) and a very small effect in men (p <.05). Ethnicity, education, income, and duration and intensity of smoking did not affect the relationship between smoking and body weight. It was concluded that smoking has no effects on the body weights of young women and minimal effects in young men. C1 Univ Memphis, Prevent Ctr, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Klesges, RC (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Prevent Ctr, 5350 Poplar Ave,Suite 430, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-53478] NR 18 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0278-6133 J9 HEALTH PSYCHOL JI Health Psychol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 17 IS 5 BP 454 EP 458 DI 10.1037/0278-6133.17.5.454 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 123QV UT WOS:000076136600008 PM 9776004 ER PT J AU Snow, MP Williges, RC AF Snow, MP Williges, RC TI Empirical models based on free-modulus magnitude estimation of perceived presence in virtual environments SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID DISPLAY; PERFORMANCE; REALITY AB A series of 3 studies was conducted to test free-modulus magnitude estimation as a measure of perceived presence in virtual environments (VEs) and to model the first- and second-order effects of 11 VE system parameters on perceived presence across 5 subtasks. Sequential experimentation techniques were used to build 4 empirical models using polynomial regression. An integrated empirical model of data combined across 2 experiments demonstrated that all significant factors had a positive effect on perceived presence. Three of these parameters field of view, sound, and head tracking - had almost 3 times as much influence on presence than the other 4 significant parameters, which were visual display resolution, texture mapping, stereopsis, and scene update rate. Sequential experimentation was an efficient tool for building empirical models of perceived presence, but the subjective nature of this phenomenon and individual differences made data bridging across sequential studies problematic. It was concluded that magnitude estimation is a useful measure of perceived presence, and the resulting polynomial regression models can be used to facilitate VE system design decisions. This research has broad application in the selection and design of VE system components and overall design of VE systems. C1 USA, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Snow, MP (reprint author), WL FIGP Bldg 146,2210 8th St,Suite 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 386 EP 402 DI 10.1518/001872098779591395 PG 17 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 144CW UT WOS:000077297000004 PM 9849101 ER PT J AU McCormick, EP Wickens, CD Banks, R Yeh, M AF McCormick, EP Wickens, CD Banks, R Yeh, M TI Frame of reference effects on scientific visualization subtasks SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID NAVIGATION; DISPLAYS; COMPUTER AB Performance measures for 3 frames of reference (full exocentric, full egocentric, and tethered) were contrasted across 4 different scientific visualization subtasks: search, travel, local judgment support, and global judgment support. Participants were instructed to locate and follow a designated path through 15 simple virtual environments and to answer simple questions about that environment. Each participant completed 5 trials in every frame of reference condition (exocentric, egocentric, and tethered). The results revealed that frames of reference that utilize egocentric or tethered viewpoints support better travel performance, especially when nearing the target. However, the exocentric frame of reference supported better performance in the search subtasks and in the local and global judgment subtasks. Actual or potential applications of this research include proper uses of virtual reality to support certain scientific visualization subtasks. C1 USAF, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP McCormick, EP (reprint author), 7909 Lindbergh Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM mccormick@alhrt.brooks.af.mil NR 18 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 443 EP 451 DI 10.1518/001872098779591403 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 144CW UT WOS:000077297000008 ER PT J AU Nelson, WT Hettinger, LJ Cunningham, JA Brickman, BJ Haas, MW McKinley, RL AF Nelson, WT Hettinger, LJ Cunningham, JA Brickman, BJ Haas, MW McKinley, RL TI Effects of localized auditory information on visual target detection performance using a helmet-mounted display SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID SEARCH; FIELD AB An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of localized auditory information on visual target detection performance. Visual targets were presented on either a wide field-of-view dome display or a helmet-mounted display and were accompanied by either localized, nonlocalized, or no auditory information. The addition of localized auditory information resulted in significant increases in target detection performance and significant reductions in workload ratings as compared with conditions in which auditory information was either nonlocalized or absent. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of participants' head motions revealed that the addition of localized auditory information resulted in extremely efficient and consistent search strategies. Implications for the development and design of multisensory virtual environments are discussed. Actual or potential applications of this research include the use of spatial auditory displays to augment visual information presented in helmet-mounted displays, thereby leading to increases in performance efficiency, reductions in physical and mental workload, and enhanced spatial awareness of objects in the environment. C1 USAF, Res Lab, HECP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Logicon Tech Serv Inc, Dayton, OH USA. RP Nelson, WT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, HECP, 2255 H St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 13 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 452 EP 460 DI 10.1518/001872098779591304 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 144CW UT WOS:000077297000009 PM 9849103 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Parker, JE Kalns, J Darcy, TJ Grubbs, TR Cox, AB Morales, PJ Alls, JL Kiel, JL AF Bruno, JG Parker, JE Kalns, J Darcy, TJ Grubbs, TR Cox, AB Morales, PJ Alls, JL Kiel, JL TI Characterization of NR10(2) macrophages SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Letter ID PEROXYNITRITE; DIAZOLUMINOMELANIN; MECHANISM; NITRITE C1 USAF, Res Labs, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kiel, JL (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, Human Effectiveness Directorate, 8308 Hawks Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI LARGO PA 9315 LARGO DR WEST, STE 25, LARGO, MD 20774 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 34 IS 8 BP 613 EP 616 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 119XG UT WOS:000075923200005 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, JC Garrett, CM AF Lipscomb, JC Garrett, CM TI Effect of organ procurement conditions on cytochrome P-450 activity in rat liver microsomes SO IN VITRO & MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID P450-DEPENDENT METABOLISM; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; HEPATOTOXICITY; ENHANCEMENT; OXIDATION AB Key metabolic processes in human liver are evaluated in vitro by the use of hepatic microsomes and. other fractions prepared from the livers of organ donors. This is an improvement over the previous use of samples from cadaver livers, which are metabolically compromised. The evaluation of metabolism In compromised samples can have dramatic consequences. The assessment of metabolic activation in compromised tissue may underestimate the ability to form toxic metabolites. Conversely, the use of compromised tissue may result in an overestimate of the toxicity of a normally detoxicated compound. Because of these reasons, our aim was to examine the stability of cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-dependent metabolic activity in microsomes prepared from rat liver subjected. to the same conditions as donated human liver. These results Indicate that metabolic activities of several individual CYP forms did not decay during 24 h in storage at 4 degrees C between organ removal and microsome preparation. We conclude that perfusion and cold. storage for periods of less than or equal to 24 h do not reduce the activity of several CYP forms present in prepared microsomes. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate,HEST, Crew Survivabil & Logist Div,Operat Toxicol Branc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA Cin, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MC-190, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1097-9336 J9 IN VITRO MOL TOXICOL JI In Vitro Mol. Toxicol.-J. Basic Appl. Res. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 BP 265 EP 270 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 138TZ UT WOS:000076990300006 ER PT J AU Toland, RJ Kloeber, JM Jackson, JA AF Toland, RJ Kloeber, JM Jackson, JA TI A comparative analysis of hazardous waste remediation alternatives SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE military, cost effectiveness; environment AB The US Department of Energy (DOE) has 136 contaminated nuclear-processing sites requiring remediation. Exploiting new remediation techniques will be critical to containing and treating this hazardous waste and to minimizing the estimated multibillion-dollar costs of cleanup. We combined system simulation, facility layout, stochastic life-cycle cost estimation, linear optimization, and various decision analysis techniques in a nine-month effort to give decision makers in the DOE realistic, flexible, and useful information to guide them in making decisions on Superfund remediation technology worth billions. A small team of students and instructors from the Air Force institute of Technology used the majority of the techniques and tools taught at the institute to tackle this complex and important decision problem. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Toland, RJ (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 5 BP 70 EP 85 DI 10.1287/inte.28.5.70 PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 140XU UT WOS:000077115600007 ER PT J AU Wilson, GF AF Wilson, GF TI Psychophysiological measures of mental workload in laboratory and flight SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, RL, HECP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8760 J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL JI Int. J. Psychophysiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 30 IS 1-2 SI SI MA 167 BP 66 EP 67 DI 10.1016/S0167-8760(98)90167-2 PG 2 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 130XY UT WOS:000076546700166 ER PT J AU Shokri, E Hecht, H Crane, P Dussault, J Kim, KH AF Shokri, E Hecht, H Crane, P Dussault, J Kim, KH TI An approach for adaptive fault tolerance in object-oriented open distributed systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID TIME AB Effective fault-management in emerging complex distributed applications requires the ability to dynamically adapt resource allocation and fault tolerance policies in response to possible changes in environment, application requirements, and available resources. This paper presents an architecture framework of an Adaptive Fault Tolerance Management (AFTM) middleware using a CORBA-compliant object request broker resting on the Solaris open system platform. The paper also discusses approaches which have been tested through an AFTM prototyping effort. C1 SOHAR Inc, Berverly Hills, CA USA. USAF, Rome Lab, Rome, NY 13441 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1940 J9 INT J SOFTW ENG KNOW JI Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 8 IS 3 BP 333 EP 346 DI 10.1142/S0218194098000182 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 137EX UT WOS:000076902800003 ER PT J AU Andersen, G Kolonay, R Eastep, F AF Andersen, G Kolonay, R Eastep, F TI Control-surface reversal in the transonic regime SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 38th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference CY APR 07-10, 1997 CL KISSIMMEE, FLORIDA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC AB A method of predicting control-surface reversal trends in the transonic night regime is presented. Linear and nonlinear rigid and aeroelastic analyses are performed to examine the effects of including flow nonlinearities in the prediction of this aeroelastic phenomenon. Transonic small disturbance theory is employed in the analysis of a simple rectangular wing and a typical fighter-type wing to study the interactions among control-surface deflections, structural flexibility, and embedded shocks in the flowfield. Pressure distributions on the wings are examined. Rigid rolling moment calculations are presented, followed by control-surface effectiveness and control-surface reversal trends as the Mach number is varied from a subsonic value, through the transonic regime, into the supersonic region. Results indicate the importance of including aerodynamic nonlinearities in the steady aeroelastic analysis and design of lifting surfaces with deflected control surfaces subject to transonic now conditions. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Andersen, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 688 EP 694 DI 10.2514/2.2378 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129UP UT WOS:000076482300004 ER PT J AU Bishop, JA Eastep, FE Striz, AG Venkayya, VB AF Bishop, JA Eastep, FE Striz, AG Venkayya, VB TI Influence of model complexity and aeroelastic constraints on multidisciplinary optimization of wings SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB This investigation focuses on the performance of the Automated Structural Optimization System multidisciplinary optimization code in the structural weight optimized design of two finite element models of a low-aspect ratio fighter-type wing. Optimal designs for the vying with the structure represented by a coarse and a more complex finite element model are obtained with constraints imposed on strength, aileron reversal, and flutter using subsonic and supersonic aerodynamic theories. The results demonstrate the ability of ASTROS to effectively find local minima with weight as the objective function. The trends in the final weights illustrate the impact of changing design constraints on optimal design. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ Dayton, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Sch Aerosp & Mech Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 784 EP 790 DI 10.2514/2.2370 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129UP UT WOS:000076482300016 ER PT J AU Morton, SA Melville, RB Visbal, MR AF Morton, SA Melville, RB Visbal, MR TI Accuracy and coupling issues of aeroelastic navier-stokes solutions on deforming meshes SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 38th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference CY APR 07-10, 1997 CL KISSIMMEE, FLORIDA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC ID EQUATIONS AB An implicit time-accurate approach to aeroelastic simulation was developed with particular attention paid to the issues of time accuracy, structural coupling, grid-deformation strategy, and geometric conservation. A Beam-Warming, approximate-factored algorithm, modified to include Newton-like subiterations was coupled with a structural model, also in subiteration form. With a sufficient number of subiterations, this approach becomes a fully implicit, first- or second-order-accurate aeroelastic solver. The solver was used to compute time-accurate solutions of an elastically mounted cylinder. The fully implicit coupling allowed the overall scheme to become second-order accurate in time, significantly reducing the workload for a given accuracy. A new algebraic grid deformation strategy was developed that preserves grid orthogonality near the surface under large deformations. Finally, the oscillatory behavior of an elastically mounted cylinder was reproduced accurately by the present approach, and results compared favorably to previous experiments and simulations. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Aeromech Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Morton, SA (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, HQ USAFA, DFAN, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 6H27, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 12 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 798 EP 805 DI 10.2514/2.2372 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129UP UT WOS:000076482300018 ER PT J AU Islam, NE Pugh, RD Brothers, CP Shedd, WM Singaraju, BK Howard, JW Dussault, H Fageeha, O AF Islam, NE Pugh, RD Brothers, CP Shedd, WM Singaraju, BK Howard, JW Dussault, H Fageeha, O TI Basic mechanisms for enhanced prompt charge collection in a n(+)p junction following single charged particle interaction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION TRACKS; SIMULATION; SILICON; DEVICES; UPSET AB This study shows that in the early stages of a single particle transient, the presence of residual holes in the depletion region of a n(+)p junction affect depletion profile and terminal currents. Due to their greater mobility, electrons deposited in the depletion region move out faster than holes, leaving residual holes in the region. The resulting charge imbalance in the depletion region may cause the depletion region to briefly extend into the substrate before the beginning of recovery process. This extended depletion region influences prompt collection of carriers in the vicinity. In particular, carrier response to this field produces a conduction and/or displacement current. The sum of the conduction plus displacement current is immediately seen as an enhanced prompt conduction current at the device terminals. Enhanced prompt charge collection depends on substrate doping, junction bias, and the density of charge deposited. Low-doped p-type substrates, with longer hole residence time in the depletion region, are more susceptible to enhanced prompt collection and substrate field disturbances. Response of p-Si and n-Si substrates to single event effects and the effects of laser beams for enhanced prompt collection are also analyzed. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)04417-X]. C1 USAF, Phillips Lab, Space Miss Technol Div, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Comp Sci Corp, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, MSFC EL23, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RL CA 2, Rome, NY 13441 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Nucl Engn & Engn Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Islam, NE (reprint author), USAF, Phillips Lab, Space Miss Technol Div, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM naz@eece.unm.edu NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 5 BP 2690 EP 2696 DI 10.1063/1.368441 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 114CC UT WOS:000075590700045 ER PT J AU Mumford, PD Cahay, M AF Mumford, PD Cahay, M TI Space-charge effects and current self-quenching in a metal/CdS/LaS cold cathode SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EMISSION AB We analyze the importance of space-charge effects in the cathode to anode gap region of a recently proposed metal/CdS(cadmium sulfide)/LaS(lanthanum sulfide) cold cathode. Our approach is based on an ensemble Monte Carlo description of electron transport assuming ballistic injection across the CdS and LaS layers. Under this approximation, the energy spectrum of the injected beam entering the air gap can be determined exactly as a function of the applied bias across the CdS layer. The effects of shot noise in the injected current are taken into account. For some of the biasing conditions considered here, space-charge effects are quite drastic and lead to dynamical effects which are responsible for the onset of current self-quenching similar to the Child-Langmuir regime of operation of thermionic cathodes. The limiting anode current density is found to be much larger than the Child-Langmuir limit. in the presence of strong space-charge effects, large oscillations in the minimum of the electrostatic potential in front of the cathode lead to oscillations in the measured anode cut-rent within the tens of GHz frequency range. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)08017-7] C1 USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Engn Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Mumford, PD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 5 BP 2754 EP 2767 DI 10.1063/1.368389 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 114CC UT WOS:000075590700055 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Davis, JK Spain, JC AF He, ZQ Davis, JK Spain, JC TI Purification, characterization, and sequence analysis of 2-aminomuconic 6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2-HYDROXYMUCONIC SEMIALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; TOL PLASMID PWWO; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 2-AMINOPHENOL 1,6-DIOXYGENASE; BENZALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENES; PUTIDA; DEGRADATION; PATHWAY AB 2-Aminonumconic B-semialdehyde is an unstable intermediate in the biodegradation of nitrobenzene and 2-aminophenol by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45, Previous work has shown that enzymes in cell extracts convert 2-aminophenol to 2-aminomuconate in the presence of NAD(+), In the present work, 2-aminomuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase was purified and characterized, The purified enzyme migrates as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular mass of 57 kDa, The molecular mass of the native enzyme was estimated to be 160 kDa by gel filtration chromatography, The optimal pH for the enzyme activity was 7.3. The enzyme is able to oxidize several aldehyde analogs, including 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde, hexaldehyde, and benzaldehyde. The gene encoding 2-aminomuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase was identified by matching the deduced N-terminal amino acid sequence of the gene with the first 21 amino acids of the purified protein. Multiple sequence alignment of various semialdehyde dehydrogenase protein sequences indicates that 2-aminomuconic 6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase has a high degree of identity with 2-hydroxymuconic 6-semialdehyde dehydrogenases. C1 AFRL, MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Spain, JC (reprint author), AFRL, MLQR, 139 Barnes Dr,Suite 2, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 21 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 180 IS 17 BP 4591 EP 4595 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 114PZ UT WOS:000075619100036 PM 9721300 ER PT J AU Jones, SK Frisch, D Yurak, TJ Kim, E AF Jones, SK Frisch, D Yurak, TJ Kim, E TI Choices and opportunities: Another effect of framing on decisions SO JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article DE choices; opportunities; decision frames ID REPRESENTATION AB Many decisions can be framed either as 'choices' between alternative courses of action (e.g. Should I move to New York or stay in Chicago?) or as 'opportunities' to pursue a particular course of action (i.e. Should I move to New York?). Although there is no logical difference between these two different decision frames, there may be important psychological differences between them. In four studies, we explore the differences between 'choices' and 'opportunities'. The results of Studies 1 and 2 show that college students view many of the decisions they typically face as opportunities, rather than choices. Further, the results of Study 2 suggest that the frame students adopt is systematically related to the preferences they express, The latter finding led to Studies 3 and 4, where we show that preferences can be influenced by encouraging people to adopt one decision frame rather than another. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Psychol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Jones, SK (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RI Yurak, Tricia/N-4730-2015 OI Yurak, Tricia/0000-0002-3002-7293 NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0894-3257 J9 J BEHAV DECIS MAKING JI J. Behav. Decis. Mak. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 BP 211 EP 226 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199809)11:3<211::AID-BDM298>3.0.CO;2-O PG 16 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA 104BX UT WOS:000074993300004 ER PT J AU Boyan, BD Sylvia, VL Curry, D Chang, Z Dean, DD Schwartz, Z AF Boyan, BD Sylvia, VL Curry, D Chang, Z Dean, DD Schwartz, Z TI Arachidonic acid is an autocoid mediator of the differential action of 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 and 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 on growth plate chondrocytes SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; VITAMIN-D METABOLITES; CARTILAGE CELLS-INVITRO; RESTING ZONE; WASP VENOM; 1-ALPHA,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2 ACTIVITY; EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; NONGENOMIC REGULATION; ACTIVATION AB Prior studies have shown that 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 and 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 regulate protein kinase C (PKC) in costochondral chondrocytes in a cell maturation-dependent manner, with 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 affecting primarily growth zone (GC) cells and 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 affecting primarily resting zone (RC) cells. In addition, 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 has been shown to increase phospholipase A(2) activity in GC, while 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 has been shown to decrease phospholipase A(2) activity in RC. Stimulation of phospholipase A(2) in CC caused an increase in PKC, whereas inhibition of phospholipase A, activity in RC cultures increased both basal and 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3-induced PKC activity, suggesting that phospholipase A(2) may play a central role in mediating the effects of the vitamin D metabolites on PKC. To test this hypothesis, RC and CC cells were cultured in the presence and absence of phospholipase A(2) inhibitors (quinacrine and oleyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine [OEPC]), phospholipase A(2) activators (melittin and mastoparan), or arachidonic acid alone or in the presence of the target cell-specific vitamin D metabolite. PKC specific activity in the cell layer was determined as a function of time. Phospholipase A(2) inhibitors decreased both basal and 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 induced PKC activity in GC. When phospholipase A(2) activity was activated by inclusion of melittin or mastoparan in the cultures, basal PKC activity in RC was reduced, while that in GC was increased. Similarly, melittin and mastoparan decreased 24,25(OH)(2)D-3-induced PKC activity in RC and increased 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3-induced PKC activity in GC. For both cell types, the addition of arachidonic acid to the culture media produced an effect on PKC activity that was similar to that observed when phospholipase A(2) activators were added to the cells. These results demonstrate that vitamin D metabolite-induced changes in phospholipase A(2) activity are directly related to changes in PKC activity. Similarly, exogenous arachidonic acid affects PKC in a manner consistent with activation of phospholipase A(2). These effects are cell maturation- and time-dependent and metabolite-specific. J. Cell. Physiol. 176.516-524, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Fac Dent Med, Dept Periodont, Jerusalem, Israel. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-08603, DE-05937] NR 44 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 176 IS 3 BP 516 EP 524 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199809)176:3<516::AID-JCP8>3.3.CO;2-I PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 105DB UT WOS:000075056400008 PM 9699504 ER PT J AU Rawlins, WT Person, JC Fraser, ME Miller, SM Blumberg, WAM AF Rawlins, WT Person, JC Fraser, ME Miller, SM Blumberg, WAM TI The dipole moment and infrared transition strengths of nitric oxide SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NO; INTENSITIES; EMISSION; STATE; BAND; OH; SPECTROSCOPY; COEFFICIENTS; LIFETIMES; NITROGEN AB The electric dipole moment function for NO(X (2)II) is determined by nonlinear least-squares analysis of experimental data, including previously reported (Delta upsilon = 2)/(Delta upsilon= 1) transition branching ratios for upsilon' less than or equal to 13. Polynomial fits to the dipole moment function are determined over the range of internuclear separation from 0.97 to 1.50 Angstrom. The fitted dipole moment functions agree well with previous ab initio predictions, but differ somewhat at the larger internuclear separations. The observed dipole moment functions are used to compute rotationless Einstein coefficients for Delta upsilon = 1-4 vibrational transitions with upsilon'less than or equal to 20, The absolute Delta upsilon = 1 and Delta upsilon =2 Einstein coefficients are well determined by this analysis, especially for upsilon'less than or equal to 12. The results provide a firm basis for determinations of vibration-rotation emission intensities of NO(X (2)II) in high-temperature or nonequilibrium chemiexcitation systems'. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Phys Sci Inc, New England Business Ctr 20, Andover, MA 01810 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Rawlins, WT (reprint author), Phys Sci Inc, New England Business Ctr 20, Andover, MA 01810 USA. NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 9 BP 3409 EP 3417 DI 10.1063/1.476936 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 114ZP UT WOS:000075639300013 ER PT J AU Scheu, KL Waisel, DB AF Scheu, KL Waisel, DB TI Regional anesthesia equipment checkout recommendations: A case report and discussion SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE anesthesia : epidural, regional spinal; anesthetic complications ID SPROTTE SPINAL NEEDLE; EPIDURAL NEEDLE; SEVERE DEFORMATION; CATHETER; FAILURE; DEFECT AB The use of an apparatus checkout list is common in medicine and anesthesia. After being involved in a case in which the separation of a spinal introducer hub from its shaft during subarachnoid block required surgical removal of the retained shaft, a search for related cases was undertaken. The Medline database from 1966 to 1997 was used to identify defects and problems related to centroneuraxis equipment. Using these data, a regional anesthesia equipment checkout list of six recommendations was created in the spirit of other anesthesia checkout lists. The recommendations are to (1) ensure the proper fit and length between the needle and its stylet (particularly if using resterilized needles), (2) check for defects in the needle hub and shaft union by applying axial traction to the hub, (3) flush the needle with the distal end occluded, checking for defects in the hub-shaft junction or in the shaft itself (4) check for malalignment between the needle hub and shaft, (5) examine the catheter for consistency in diameter and ensure the catheter can be introduced into the needle, and (6) flush the catheter, checking for the presence, patency, and location of distal holes. These recommendations must undergo further review before they are accepted as a practice standard. (C) 1998 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Waisel, DB (reprint author), SGOSA, Dept Anesthesiol, Med Grp 72, 5801 Arnold St, Tinker AFB, OK 73145 USA. OI Waisel, David/0000-0002-5307-4092 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0952-8180 J9 J CLIN ANESTH JI J. Clin. Anesth. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 10 IS 6 BP 502 EP 505 DI 10.1016/S0952-8180(98)00067-1 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 128NU UT WOS:000076413500011 PM 9793816 ER PT J AU Skapek, SX Hawk, BJ Hoffer, FA Dahl, GV Granowetter, L Gebhardt, MC Ferguson, WS Grier, HE AF Skapek, SX Hawk, BJ Hoffer, FA Dahl, GV Granowetter, L Gebhardt, MC Ferguson, WS Grier, HE TI Combination chemotherapy using vinblastine and methotrexate for the treatment of progressive desmoid tumor in children SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS; AGGRESSIVE FIBROMATOSIS; JUVENILE FIBROMATOSIS; RADIATION-THERAPY; LOCAL-CONTROL; RECURRENT; TAMOXIFEN; MANAGEMENT; RADIOTHERAPY; SURGERY AB Purpose: We report the treatment of 10 children for progressive desmoid tumor not amenable to standard surgical or radiation therapy with the use of vinblastine (VBL) and methotrexate (MTX). Patients and Methods: Ten patients aged 6.4 to 18 years with primary (two patients) or recurrent (eight patients) desmoid tumor were treated with VBL and MTX for 2 to 35 months. Patients with recurrent tumors had been previously treated with surgical resection with (two patients) or without (five patients) radiation therapy or with radiation therapy alone (one patient). No patient had previously received cytotoxic chemotherapy. The tumor response was assessed at routine intervals by physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Five patients had clinical evidence of response to therapy with complete resolution (three patients) or partial resolution (two patients) of physical examination and radiographic abnormalities. Three patients had stable disease during 10 to 35 months of treatment, two of these patients had progressive disease 9 and 37 months after treatment stopped; one patient had no progression 16 months after therapy. two additional patients with stable disease had chemotherapy discontinued after 2 and 3 months. Common side effects included mild alopecia and myelosuppression and moderate nausea and vomiting. In patients with responding tumors, MRI showed decreased tumor size and, in two patients, changes consistent with fibrosis and decreased cellularity of the tumor. Conclusion: Combination chemotherapy with VBL and MTX appears to control desmoid tumor without significant acute or long-term morbidity in most children. This may allow for further growth and development in these patients, which may decrease the morbidity of subsequent definitive therapy. J Clin Oncol 16:3021-3027. (C) 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, MNPO, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Boston, MA USA. Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA USA. Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Skapek, SX (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, MNPO, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM shapek@utmscsa.edu NR 44 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 3021 EP 3027 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116PY UT WOS:000075734800017 PM 9738571 ER PT J AU Rujirawat, S Smith, DJ Faurie, JP Neu, G Nathan, V Sivananthan, S AF Rujirawat, S Smith, DJ Faurie, JP Neu, G Nathan, V Sivananthan, S TI Microstructural and optical characterization of CdTe(211)B/ZnTe/Si(211) grown by molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE CdTe/Si; dislocations; heteroepitaxy; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) ID DOPED HGCDTE; CDTE; LUMINESCENCE AB CdTe layers have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on 3 inch nominal Si(211) under various conditions to study the effect of growth parameters on the structural quality. The microstructure of several samples was investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The orientation of the CdTe layers was affected strongly by the ZnTe buffer deposition temperature. Both single domain CdTe(133)B and CdTe(211)B were obtained by selective growth of ZnTe buffer layers at different temperatures. We demonstrated that thin ZnTe buffer layers (<2 nm) are sufficient to maintain the (211) orientation. CdTe deposited at similar to 300 degrees C grows with its normal lattice parameter from the onset of growth, demonstrating the effective strain accommodation of the buffer layer. The low tilt angle (<1 degrees) between CdTe[211] and Si[211] indicates that high miscut Si(211) substrates are unnecessary. From low temperature photoluminescence, it is shown that Cd-substituted Li is the main residual impurity in the CdTe layer. In addition, deep emission bands are attributed to the presence of As-Te and Ag-Cd accepters. There is no evidence that copper plays a role in the impurity contamination of the samples. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CNRS, Ctr Rech Heteroepitaxie & Applicat, F-06560 Valbonne, France. USAF, Res Lab, VSSS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Rujirawat, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Microphys Lab, 845 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1047 EP 1052 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0162-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 120AM UT WOS:000075931800010 ER PT J AU Fossett, AJ Maguire, MT Kudirka, AA Mills, FE Brown, DA AF Fossett, AJ Maguire, MT Kudirka, AA Mills, FE Brown, DA TI Avionics passive cooling with microencapsulated phase change materials SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING LA English DT Article AB Analysis for an avionics application typical of remotely located intermittently operated avionics on aircraft and missiles show that a large weighs reduction (about 9:1) can be obtained by using recently developed microencapsulated phase change materials technology instead of a solid aluminum plate for a passive heat sink. Tests with a configuration based on the typical avionics application used for analysis show good agreement with analysis. Use of microencapsulated rather than bulk phase change materials avoids a number of design problems previously encountered with application of such materials. C1 Frisby Technol Inc, Clemmons, NC 27012 USA. Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, Dept 25 22, Palmdale, CA 93599 USA. Wright Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Fossett, AJ (reprint author), Frisby Technol Inc, 4520 Hampton Rd, Clemmons, NC 27012 USA. NR 8 TC 29 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1043-7398 J9 J ELECTRON PACKAGING JI J. Electron. Packag. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 238 EP 242 DI 10.1115/1.2792628 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 125QE UT WOS:000076247900004 ER PT J AU Mauger, MJ Schindler, WG Walker, WA AF Mauger, MJ Schindler, WG Walker, WA TI An evaluation of canal morphology at different levels of root resection in mandibular incisors SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID TEETH AB One hundred randomly selected mandibular incisors were examined to assess the prevalence and location of two canals and to describe the canal anatomy that may be encountered during apical surgery. Sections of the root were cut at 1, 2, and 3 mm from the apex, simulating a 20-degree beveled surgical resection, The sections were digitally imaged at x 50 magnification, and canal dimensions were measured using imaging software, The prevalence of two canals was 2% at 1 mm, 0% at 2 mm, and 1% at 3 mm, At these levels in the roots, the canal was rarely divided by hard tooth structure. An isthmus of tissue was present 20% of the time at 1 mm, 30% at 2 mm, and 55% at 3 mm, Four distinct canal types were noted: (i) round, (ii) oval, (iii) long oval, and (iv) ribbon. In 75% of the teeth, the canal shapes varied from one level to the next. The more coronally the root-end resection was made, the more elongated the canal tended to become. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Adv Educ Program Endodont, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Schindler, WG (reprint author), 59 Med Wing DSCN,2450 Pepperrell St, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 17 TC 32 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 24 IS 9 BP 607 EP 609 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80120-9 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 116FF UT WOS:000075712900007 PM 9922750 ER PT J AU Adler, T AF Adler, T TI Management in engineering SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review C1 USAF, Dept Grad Acquisit Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Adler, T (reprint author), USAF, Dept Grad Acquisit Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-4748 J9 J ENG TECHNOL MANAGE JI J. Eng. Technol. Manage. PD SEP-DEC PY 1998 VL 15 IS 4 BP 339 EP 341 PG 3 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA 128NY UT WOS:000076413900005 ER PT J AU Kahler, S Crooker, NU Gosling, JT AF Kahler, S Crooker, NU Gosling, JT TI Properties of interplanetary magnetic sector boundaries based on electron heat-flux flow directions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET; WIND PLASMA-EXPERIMENT; SOLAR-WIND; FIELD; RECONNECTION; TOPOLOGY AB We have used the solar wind electron heat flux flow directions to determine the interplanetary magnetic field polarities for the ISEE 3 period from 1978 to 1982. This technique assumes that the heat flux electrons flow away from the Sun along magnetic field lines. It provides the field polarities independently of the field directions. The resulting distribution of sector durations and the changes in that distribution with solar activity cycle are presented for four 1-year periods. The large-scale sectors expected from extrapolation of the Stanford source surface maps are present along with a population of small-scale sectors with a peak in the time range of 9 hour to 1 day. About half the small-scale sectors contain bidirectional electron (BDE) flows, suggesting their origins in coronal mass ejections. We also examine cases of false polarities, in which the directions of the fields imply polarities opposite to those determined from the heat-flux directions. These constitute only 6 to 8% of all the hourly averages of the data. The majority (78%) of these false polarity regions were not associated with BDEs, and 75% were of only 1 or 2 hour durations. False polarity regions tended to lie nearly orthogonal to the spiral field angles and at relatively high latitudinal angles. While multiple (greater than or equal to 3 in 24 hours) current sheet crossings are common, we find no cases consistent with a wavy current sheet. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kahler, S (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A9 BP 20603 EP 20612 DI 10.1029/98JA01745 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 118BG UT WOS:000075817300025 ER PT J AU Sojka, JJ Schunk, RW Bowline, MD Chen, J Slinker, S Fedder, J Sultan, PJ AF Sojka, JJ Schunk, RW Bowline, MD Chen, J Slinker, S Fedder, J Sultan, PJ TI Ionospheric storm simulations driven by magnetospheric MHD and by empirical models with data comparisons SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; WINTER F-REGION; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; CONVECTION RESPONSE; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; SOLAR MINIMUM; JANUARY 14; TEMPERATURE; PASSAGE; PATTERN AB The results of two ionospheric simulations are compared with each other and with ionospheric observations of the southern hemisphere for the magnetic cloud passage event of January 14, 1988, For most of the event one simulation agrees with observations, while the other does not. Electric fields and electron precipitation patterns generated by a magnetospheric MHD model are used as inputs to a physical model of the ionosphere in the successful simulation, while empirical electric fields and electron precipitation are used as the inputs for the second simulation. In spite of ionospheric summer conditions a large and deep polar hole is developed. This is seen in the in situ plasma observations made by the DMSP-F8 satellite. The hole is surprisingly present during both northward and southward IMF conditions. It is deepest for the storm phase of the southward IMF period. A well-defined tongue of ionization is formed during this period. These features have been reproduced by the TDIM-MHD simulation and to a lesser extent by the TDIM-empirical simulation. However, the model simulations have not been able to generate a storm enhanced density where one was observed by DMSP-F8 during the initial phase of the storm. The differences between the two F region ionospheric simulations are attributed to differences in the magnetospheric electric fields and precipitation patterns used as inputs. This study provides a unique first simulation of the ionosphere's response to self-consistent electric field and auroral precipitation patterns over a 24-hour period that leads into a major geomagnetic storm. C1 Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Inst Computat Sci & Informat, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Effects Div, GPSM, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Sojka, JJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A9 BP 20669 EP 20684 DI 10.1029/98JA01744 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 118BG UT WOS:000075817300032 ER PT J AU Hammett, KD Hall, CD Ridgely, DB AF Hammett, KD Hall, CD Ridgely, DB TI Controllability issues in nonlinear state-dependent Riccati equation control SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID DUAL-SPIN SPACECRAFT; GYROSTATS; DYNAMICS AB In the last few years, algorithms using state-dependent Riccati equations (SDREs) have been proposed for solving nonlinear control problems. Under state feedback, pointwise solutions of an SDRE must be obtained along the system trajectory. To ensure the control is well defined, global controllability and observability of state-dependent system factorizations are commonly assumed. Here connections between controllability of the state-dependent. factorizations and true system controllability are rigorously established. It is shown that a local equivalence always holds for the class of systems considered, and special cases that imply global equivalence are also given. Additionally, a notion of nonlinear stabilizability is introduced, which is a necessary condition for global closed-loop stability. The theory is illustrated by application to a five-state nonlinear model of a dual-spin spacecraft. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hammett, KD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM hammettk@plk.af.mil; chall@aoe.vt.edu; dbridgely@ccgate.hac.com NR 18 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 21 IS 5 BP 767 EP 773 DI 10.2514/2.4304 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 114PM UT WOS:000075617900014 ER PT J AU Argyropoulos, G Jenkins, A Klein, RL Lyons, T Wagenhorst, B St Armand, J Marcovina, SM Albers, JJ Pritchard, PH Garvey, WT AF Argyropoulos, G Jenkins, A Klein, RL Lyons, T Wagenhorst, B St Armand, J Marcovina, SM Albers, JJ Pritchard, PH Garvey, WT TI Transmission of two novel mutations in a pedigree with familial lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: structure-function relationships and studies in a compound heterozygous proband SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE high density lipoprotein; LCAT activity; polymerase chain reaction; lipoprotein [a]; substrate recognition binding site; familial LCAT deficiency; fish-eye disease ID FISH-EYE DISEASE; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; AMINO-ACID EXCHANGE; LCAT DEFICIENCY; ALPHA-LCAT; MOLECULAR DEFECT; HUMAN-PLASMA; GENE; ESTERIFICATION; ABNORMALITIES AB Two novel mutations were identified in a compound heterozygous male with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency. Exon sequence determination of the LCAT gene of the proband revealed two novel heterozygous mutations in exons one (C110T) and six (C991T) that predict non-conservative amino add substitutions (Thr13Met and Pro307Ser, respectively). To assess the distinct functional impact of the separate mutant alleles, studies were conducted in the proband's 3-generation pedigree, The compound heterozygous proband had negligible HDL and severely reduced apolipoprotein A-I, LCAT mass, LCAT activity, and cholesterol esterification rate (CER), The proband's mother and tao sisters were heterozygous for the Pro307Ser mutation and had low HDL, markedly reduced LCAT activity and CER, and the propensity for significant reductions in LCAT protein mass, The proband's father and two daughters were heterozygous for the Thr13Met mutation and also displayed low HDL, reduced LCAT activity and CER, and more modest decrements in LCAT mass. Mean LCAT specific activity was severely impaired in the compound heterozygous proband and was reduced by 50% in individuals heterozygous for either mutation, compared to wild type family members. It is also shown that the two mutations impair both catalytic activity and expression of the circulating protein. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Eye Clin, Med Grp 29, Shaw AFB, SC 29152 USA. Univ British Columbia, St Pauls Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atherosclerosis Specialty Lab, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. Univ Washington, NW Lipid Res Labs, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Argyropoulos, G (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL 55782, HL30086]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47461] NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1870 EP 1876 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 115CX UT WOS:000075646900017 PM 9741700 ER PT J AU Palaszewski, B Ianovski, LS Carrick, P AF Palaszewski, B Ianovski, LS Carrick, P TI Propellant technologies: Far-reaching benefits for aeronautical and space-vehicle propulsion SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Space Propulsion CY AUG 11-13, 1997 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA ID LAUNCH VEHICLE; SINGLE-STAGE; METALLIZED PROPELLANTS; SECONDARY ATOMIZATION; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; HYDROGEN; DESIGN; FUEL; COMBUSTION AB Rocket propellant and propulsion technology improvements can be used to reduce the development time and operational costs of new space-vehicle programs. Advanced propellant technologies can make the space vehicles safer, more operable, and better performing. Five technology areas are described: monopropellants, alternative hydrocarbons, gelled hydrogen, metalized gelled propellants, and high-energy density materials. The benefits of these propellants for future vehicles are outlined using mission study results and the technologies are briefly discussed. C1 NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Cent Inst Avian Motors, Dept Adv Aviat Engines & Appl Chem, Moscow 111250, Russia. USAF, Res Lab, Propellants Branch, Edwards, CA 93524 USA. RP Palaszewski, B (reprint author), NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 80 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 14 IS 5 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.2514/2.5356 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 146XB UT WOS:000077457200009 ER PT J AU Mayer, WOH Schik, AHA Vielle, B Chauveau, C Gokalp, I Talley, DG Woodward, RD AF Mayer, WOH Schik, AHA Vielle, B Chauveau, C Gokalp, I Talley, DG Woodward, RD TI Atomization and breakup of cryogenic propellants under high-pressure subcritical and supercritical conditions SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID VAPORIZATION AB Recent results on the atomization and breakup of cryogenic propellants under high-pressure subcritical and supercritical conditions are surveyed. Cryogenic fluids were injected into various gases under both cold-now and hot-fire conditions,and the results were visualized using flashlight photography and highspeed cinematography. In some cases, simulation fluids were used to study atomization and breakup behavior. In others, hot-fire tests with liquid oxygen and gaseous hydrogen demonstrated now phenomena under realistic cryogenic rocket engine conditions. The visualizations reveal a remarkable difference between subcritical spray formation and evaporation and supercritical injection and mixing. As chamber pressure approaches the critical pressure, injection can no longer he regarded as simple "spray" formation, but rather as a fluid/fluid mixing process that can be extremely sensitive to small perturbations in pressure, temperature, local mixture concentrations, and initial injection conditions. C1 DLR, German Aerosp Ctr, D-74239 Hardthausen, Germany. CNRS, Lab Combust & Syst Reactifs, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Mayer, WOH (reprint author), DLR, German Aerosp Ctr, D-74239 Hardthausen, Germany. OI Chauveau, Christian/0000-0001-9042-6256 NR 12 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 14 IS 5 BP 835 EP 842 DI 10.2514/2.5348 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 146XB UT WOS:000077457200030 ER PT J AU Bowyer, SM Gerlach, DC Miley, HS Pratt, SL Thomas, CW Wacker, JF Kniedler, MJ AF Bowyer, SM Gerlach, DC Miley, HS Pratt, SL Thomas, CW Wacker, JF Kniedler, MJ TI Radiochemistry of the 3M SBMF-40VF filter media used by the DOE CTBT Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty calls for the monitoring of aerosol radionuclides throughout the globe. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed the Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) for the Department of Energy to automatically collect and measure radioactive aerosols from the atmosphere. The RASA passes high volumes of air through a 3M(TM) Substrate Blown Microfiber Media (SBMF) specifically designated as SBMF-40VF. It then automatically moves the filter media in front of a high-purity germanium detector and collects a gamma spectrum. If further analysis on the filter is desired, the filter is sent to a laboratory and radiochemical analysis is performed. This paper discusses the method of dissolution of the SBMF-40VF filter media and the separation of the radioisotopes of interest. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. TMA, AFTAC, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. RP Bowyer, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 235 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 124 DI 10.1007/BF02385948 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 127YN UT WOS:000076378500021 ER PT J AU Wilke, PS Johnson, CD Fosness, ER AF Wilke, PS Johnson, CD Fosness, ER TI Whole-spacecraft passive launch isolation SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 38th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference CY APR 07-10, 1997 CL KISSIMMEE, FLORIDA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC AB A spacecraft is subjected to very large dynamic forces from its launch vehicle during its ascent into orbit. These large forces place stringent design requirements on the spacecraft and its components to ensure that the trip to orbit will be survived. The severe launch environment accounts for much of the expense of designing, qualifying, and testing satellite components, Reduction of launch loads would allow more sensitive equipment to be included in missions, reduce risk of equipment or component failure, and possibly allow the mass of the spacecraft bus to be reduced. These benefits apply to military as well as commercial satellites. The design and testing is reported of a prototype whole-spacecraft isolation system that will replace current payload attach fittings, is passive only in nature, and provides lateral isolation to a spacecraft that is mounted on it. This isolation system is being designed for a medium launch vehicle and a 3000-kg (6600-lb) spacecraft, but the isolation technology is applicable to practically all launch vehicles and spacecraft, small and large. The isolator significantly reduces the launch loads seen by the spacecraft. C1 CSA Engn Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Wilke, PS (reprint author), CSA Engn Inc, 2850 W Bayshore Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 690 EP 694 DI 10.2514/2.3386 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129WT UT WOS:000076487600015 ER PT J AU Gardner, TL Elston, DM Wotowic, PJ AF Gardner, TL Elston, DM Wotowic, PJ TI A familial dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, 59th Med Wing,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 3 BP 504 EP 505 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70338-X PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 117HA UT WOS:000075774800026 PM 9738795 ER PT J AU Wright, EF AF Wright, EF TI A simple technique for adjusting and polishing a soft splint SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Wright, EF (reprint author), 83 Cross Canyon, San Antonio, TX 78247 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 129 IS 9 BP 1287 EP 1289 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 118RK UT WOS:000075853600026 PM 9766110 ER PT J AU Walter, R Holland, TD AF Walter, R Holland, TD TI Perimortem calcaneal and talar fractures sustained in a military air crash in Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The authors report on the skeletal elements of a minimum of 37 men who died in 1965 when their C-123 cargo airplane crashed into a mountainside in South Vietnam. Natural environmental processes reduced their bodies to skeletons; these osseous remains were recovered from the crash site nearly 10 years later. Among the remains were the calcanei and tall of at least 37 people. These bones, devoid of soft tissue, provide a rare opportunity to examine and document the pattern of perimortem fractures in multiple individuals who died in the same incident. This case also provides information on a range of variability of skeletal fractures that is unavailable in comparative skeletal collections, and that might be overlooked with radiography or during physical examination. C1 USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Walter, R (reprint author), USA, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester AVe, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSOC PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 8750-7315 EI 1930-8264 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 88 IS 9 BP 446 EP 450 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 122QZ UT WOS:000076084100005 ER PT J AU Johnson, SP Raiken, DP Grebe, PJ Diffin, DC Leyendecker, JR AF Johnson, SP Raiken, DP Grebe, PJ Diffin, DC Leyendecker, JR TI Single institution prospective evaluation of the over-the-wire Greenfield vena caval filter SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE embolism, pulmonary; venae cavae, filters; venae cavae, thrombosis ID STAINLESS-STEEL; IN-VITRO; PERFORATION; EXPERIENCE AB PURPOSE: To assess the technical and clinical success of the overt-the-wire (OTW) Greenfield inferior vena caval (IVC) filter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective evaluation of the OTW Greenfield filter in 47 patients was performed during the course of 18 months. Technical success and deployment problems were documented. Caval perforation, leg asymmetry, and tilt were evaluated with a postprocedure, noncontrast computed tomographic (CT) scan. Follow-up was pet-formed at 6- and 12-month intervals after the procedure and included a clinical history, chart review, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the IVC, RESULTS: Ninety-one percent of filters were placed without technical difficulties and 100% were successfully deployed. Technical difficulties included sheath kinking prior to deployment (n = 3), initial incomplete filter opening (n = 1), and wire entrapment within the filter (n = 1), Of 38 patients evaluated with CT, there was no case of caval perforation. Twenty-one patients (55%) demonstrated tilt and 14 (37%) had leg asymmetry. Tilting occurred more frequently when the filter was placed from a femoral approach (51%) than from a jugular approach (12%). Of patients with leg asymmetry, the vena cava was narrow in anteroposterior (AP) dimension in five (36%). Of 13 deaths, none were attributed to pulmonary embolism. One patient (2%) had a recurrent pulmonary embolus, Two of 16 patients (12%) with MR imaging follow-up had documented IVC thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: The OTW Greenfield filter has an effective delivery system, with few difficulties encountered duping deployment. Filter tilt and leg asymmetry are common. The etiology of leg asymmetry is likely multifactorial but is often associated with a cava with a small AP diameter. Because OTW deployment appears to offer no benefit in centering the filter, the authors have elected to remove the wire prior to filter deployment to avoid possible entanglement, MR imaging follow-up reveals an acceptable incidence of IVC thrombosis. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Johnson, SP (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 2200 Berquist Dr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 9 IS 5 BP 766 EP 773 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(98)70389-6 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 120VZ UT WOS:000075979200008 PM 9756064 ER PT J AU Hagino, RT DeCaprio, JD Valentine, RJ Clagett, GP AF Hagino, RT DeCaprio, JD Valentine, RJ Clagett, GP TI Spontaneous popliteal vascular injury in the morbidly obese SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Southern-Association-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JAN 21-24, 1998 CL RIO GRANDE, PUERTO RICO SP So Assoc Vasc Surg ID KNEE; DISLOCATIONS AB Purpose: Morbidly obese patients who sustained popliteal vascular injury after spontaneous knee dislocation (KD) were studied. Methods: Seven morbidly obese patients (body mass index [BMI] >35 kg/m(2) and >100 Ib over ideal body weight) who sustained spontaneous KD while upright were reviewed. Results: Severe popliteal arterial injury accompanied all spontaneous ICD. The mean age of patients was 34.1 +/- 6.7 years; the mean weight was 354 +/- 150 Ib (range, 220-702 Ib); and mean BMI was 53 +/- 21 kg/m(2) (range, 37-98.4). ALL had arterial avulsion and thrombosis. Three had concomitant venous injury. All underwent operative repair: Morbid obesity presented unique challenges to surgical management. Limited positioning, specialized operative tables, large incisions, deep exposure, special retraction, long operative times (mean, 537 +/- 134 minutes), and major blood loss (mean, 2.5 +/- 3 L) were standard. Five arterial injuries were repaired with interposition vein grafts, and 2 required tibial bypass. Venous repairs included thrombectomy and primary repair (n = 2) and interposition grafting (n = 1). Many complications were related to morbid obesity, including deep wound infection (n = 3), diabetic ketoacidosis (n = 2), and cor pulmonale from sleep apnea (n = 1). Despite patent grafts in all patients, 2 above-knee amputations were required for extensive neuromuscular loss. Conclusion: Morbid obesity is a specific risk factor for spontaneous KD and vascular injury. In addition, morbid obesity presents unique challenges to operative repair and predisposes patients to unusual major postoperative complications. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Hagino, RT (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Vasc Surg Sect, 59 MDW-MKSG,2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 18 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 28 IS 3 BP 458 EP 462 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(98)70131-4 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 117WH UT WOS:000075805300015 PM 9737455 ER PT J AU DeMaioribus, CA Anderson, CA Popham, SSG Yeager, TD Cordts, PR AF DeMaioribus, CA Anderson, CA Popham, SSG Yeager, TD Cordts, PR TI Mycotic renal artery degeneration and systemic sepsis caused by infected renal artery stent SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Southern-Association-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JAN 21-24, 1998 CL RIO GRANDE, PUERTO RICO SP So Assoc Vasc Surg ID BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; PLACEMENT AB A case of Staphylococcus aureus renal artery stent infection was studied. Fourteen days after the procedure, the patient had a fever, hypotension, and an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count. Blood cultures were positive for S aureus on admission and during the patient's hospitalization, despite intravenous vancomycin therapy. Evaluation included serial CT scans, revealing increasing persistent inflammation with development of multiple renal intraparenchymal abscesses, and arteriography, showing marked degeneration of the renal artery. Therapy required resection of the renal artery/stent and nephrectomy. This case confirms the severe nature of S aureus stent infection; we recommend prophylactic antibiotics before these procedures, as well as expeditious evaluation and consideration for aggressive surgical therapy if this complication is suspected. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP DeMaioribus, CA (reprint author), Vasc Surg Sect, 59 MDW MKSG,2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 10 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 28 IS 3 BP 547 EP 550 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(98)70143-0 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 117WH UT WOS:000075805300031 PM 9737467 ER PT J AU David, P Pierson, MM AF David, P Pierson, MM TI Public affairs decision making in the US Air Force: An application of multiattribute utility theory SO JOURNALISM & MASS COMMUNICATION QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE; COMMUNICATION AB Public relations decision making by U.S, Air Force public affairs personnel was evaluated by using multiattribute utility theory. Exploratory cluster analysis revealed that only 48% of the decisions adequately fit the public relations excellence criteria of accommodation and long-term relationship building. Fourteen percent of the decisions were based on asymmetrical options with a clear emphasis on leverage for the organization, and 37% of the decisions focused on communication tactics. There was a negative correlation between strength of relationship with the supervisor and preference for symmetrical solutions. Furthermore, female employees reported a weaker relationship with their supervisors than their male counterparts. C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Journalism & Commun, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP David, P (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Journalism & Commun, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC EDUC JOURNALISM MASS COMMUNICATION PI COLUMBIA PA UNIV SOUTH CAROLINA COLLEGE OF JOURNALISM, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA SN 1077-6990 J9 J MASS COMMUN Q JI Journal. Mass Commun. Q. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 75 IS 3 BP 606 EP 626 PG 21 WC Communication SC Communication GA 147DW UT WOS:000077473800012 ER PT J AU Schlaht, K AF Schlaht, K TI Analysis of aviator's breathing oxygen by gas chromatography SO LC GC-MAGAZINE OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETRY AB This article describes a gas chromatography method for determining the purity of aviator's breathing oxygen. The author describes earlier methods and shows how laboratory logistics support influences new method development. C1 USAF, Chem Sci Sect, Sci & Engn Test Labs Branch, Sci & Tech Div,Technol & Ind Support Directorate, Tinker AFB, OK 73145 USA. RP Schlaht, K (reprint author), USAF, Chem Sci Sect, Sci & Engn Test Labs Branch, Sci & Tech Div,Technol & Ind Support Directorate, 3001 Staff Dr,Suite I-63, Tinker AFB, OK 73145 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0888-9090 J9 LC GC-MAG SEP SCI JI LC GC-Mag. Sep. Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 854 EP + PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 117ZC UT WOS:000075811900007 ER PT J AU Reister, CA Koenig, SC Schaub, JD Ewert, DL Swope, RD Latham, RD Fanton, JW AF Reister, CA Koenig, SC Schaub, JD Ewert, DL Swope, RD Latham, RD Fanton, JW TI Evaluation of dual-tip micromanometers during 21-day implantation in goats SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; cardiac; catheter; chronic; invasive; measurement; micromanometer ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; FIDELITY; SYSTEMS AB Investigative research efforts using a cardiovascular model required the determination of central circulatory haemodynamic and arterial system parameters for the evaluation of cardiovascular performance. These calculations required continuous beat-to-beat measurement of pressure within the four chambers of the heart and great vessels. Sensitivity and offset drift, longevity, and sources of error for eight 3F dual-tipped micromanometers were determined during 21 days of implantation in goats. Subjects were instrumented with pairs of chronically implanted fluid-filled access catheters in the left and right ventricles, through which dual-tipped (test) micromanometers were chronically inserted and single-tip (standard) micromanometers were acutely inserted. Acutely inserted sensors were calibrated daily and measured pressures were compared in vivo to the chronically inserted sensors. Comparison of the pre- and post-gain calibration of the chronically inserted sensors showed a mean sensitivity drift of 1.0 +/- 0.4% (99% confidence, n = 9 sensors) and mean offset drift of 5.0 +/- 1.5 mmHg (99% confidence, n = 9 sensors). Potential sources of error for these drifts were identified, and included measurement system inaccuracies, temperature drift, hydrostatic column gradients, and dynamic pressure changes. Based upon these findings, we determined that these micromanometers may be chronically inserted in high-pressure chambers for up to 17 days with an acceptable error, but should be limited to acute (hours) insertions in low-pressure applications. (C) 1998 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Armstrong Lab, Div Clin Sci, Physiol Res Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Rothe Dev Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Louisville, Dept Surg, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. Trinity Univ, Dept Elect Engn, San Antonio, TX USA. Oregon Reg Primate Res Ctr, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Koenig, SC (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, Div Clin Sci, Physiol Res Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 20 IS 6 BP 410 EP 417 DI 10.1016/S1350-4533(98)00049-6 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 127RX UT WOS:000076365300003 PM 9796947 ER PT J AU Burnham, BR Wells, TS Riddle, JR AF Burnham, BR Wells, TS Riddle, JR TI A cost-benefit analysis of a routine varicella Vaccination program for United States Air Force Academy cadets SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) is one of the nation's military universities, With the mission to educate and motivate cadets to be career Air Force officers. This diverse population arrives at the USAFA with varying immunization records and disease histories. A review of USAFA cadet medical records identified an alarming cost of treating a simple, preventable, generally childhood disease: chickenpox. In July 1995, a cost-benefit analysis was performed on the use of varicella vaccine among cadets and preparatory school students at the USAFA. Based on this analysis, the USAFA implemented a strategy of serologic screening and vaccination. Although this study does not establish causation, follow-up data showed a dramatic decrease in cases, associated hospitalizations, and therefore costs during the first year after implementation. Fiscal projections indicate that these costs savings should increase through year 4 of the program and continue thereafter. At year 4, the total cadet population will have been serologically screened and/or vaccinated against chickenpox, C1 USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Burnham, BR (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 163 IS 9 BP 631 EP 634 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116YG UT WOS:000075752200012 PM 9753992 ER PT J AU Tripp, HF Cook, JW AF Tripp, HF Cook, JW TI Axillary artery aneurysms SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMPLICATIONS AB Aneurysms of the axillary artery are rare but potentially dangerous lesions that threaten the upper extremity with vascular and neurologic compromise. Most can be treated effectively with surgical excision and vascular grafting, An illustrative case is presented. These aneurysms may arise as pseudoaneurysms secondary to trauma or iatrogenic complications, or as degenerative lesions often secondary to the chronic use of crutches, They may also arise as postobstructive lesions in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome. Signs and symptoms vary with the cause of the aneurysm and may include mass effects with brachial plexus compression and thromboembolic events involving the hands and fingers. Arteriography is the mainstay of diagnosis, and treatment should be considered in most of these lesions as soon as they become apparent to prevent limb loss or dysfunction. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Tripp, HF (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, 59 MDW, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 163 IS 9 BP 653 EP 655 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116YG UT WOS:000075752200017 PM 9753997 ER PT J AU Bofill, JA Sharp, GH AF Bofill, JA Sharp, GH TI Obstetric sonography - Who to scan, when to scan, and by whom SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; LOW-RISK POPULATION; CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; FETAL ABNORMALITIES; PRENATAL ULTRASOUND; BIRTH-WEIGHT; ROUTINE; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; MANAGEMENT; TRISOMY-21 AB Although randomized American studies have not demonstrated a clear benefit of routine ultrasound scanning for every pregnancy, such a policy is practiced in many clinics. Sonography that is indicated for ascertainment of gestational age should be performed as early as possible while targeted studies should be performed at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation. Targeted studies should usually be performed in tertiary referral centers, using state-of-the-art instruments, and by physicians with documented expertise in such scanning. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Ob Gyn, Sch Med, Dayton, OH 45409 USA. USAF, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bofill, JA (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Ob Gyn, Sch Med, 128 Apple St, Dayton, OH 45409 USA. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8545 J9 OBSTET GYN CLIN N AM JI Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. N. Am. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 25 IS 3 BP 465 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8545(05)70022-X PG 15 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 108KM UT WOS:000075265400003 PM 9710906 ER PT J AU Ford, SD Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC AF Ford, SD Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC TI Reconstruction of turbulence-degraded images using the vector Wiener filter SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE image reconstruction; atmospheric turbulence; photon-limited detection; vector Wiener filter ID RANDOM IMPULSE-RESPONSE; BLURRED IMAGES; RESTORATION; SYSTEMS; OPTICS; LIGHT AB Adaptive optics and speckle imaging are common methods for improving Fourier domain signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in astronomical images. These techniques may benefit from linear processing to deconvolve blurring due to the attenuation of high spatial frequencies in the compensated images. Typical linear deconvolution methods require an explicit estimate of the random atmospheric-optical system point spread function or optical transfer function (OTF). In addition, a priori knowledge of the object class and noise are not used in an optimal manner. We apply a vector Wiener filter to photon-limited images degraded by atmospheric turbulence to demonstrate the potential advantages of optimal deconvolution processing. This filter incorporates model-based information about object, OTF, and noise. To our knowledge, this is the first application of complete OTF correlation statistics to the reconstruction of turbulence-degraded images. Computer simulation of binary star images show the vector Wiener filter provides superior reconstructions when compared to the traditional scalar Wiener filter for non-wide-sense stationary objects, Much of this performance improvement can be attributed to variance reduction in the noisy Fourier data at spatial frequencies where the mean OTF is severely attenuated. However, vector Wiener filter performance is substantially degraded with respect to both mean square error and mean square phase error at spatial frequencies where the OTF SNR is less than unity. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Ford, SD (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 37 IS 9 BP 2491 EP 2500 DI 10.1117/1.601773 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 120BV UT WOS:000075935400009 ER PT J AU Rotondaro, MD Perram, GP AF Rotondaro, MD Perram, GP TI Collision-induced transitions between the Zeeman-split (J,m) levels of Rb(5 P-2(1/2), 5 P-2(3/2)) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE; 42P POTASSIUM ATOMS; MULTIPOLE RELAXATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; GASES; N-2; H-2; HE; NE; AR AB The collisional dynamics of the Zeeman-split levels of Rb(5 P-2(1/2), 5 P-2(3/2)) has been studied in the presence of a strong magnetic field (1.65 T) using steady-state, spectrally resolved laser-induced fluorescence techniques. State-to-state cross sections for transitions between (J,m) levels ranged from 1.6x10(-15) to 2.5 x 10(-14) cm(2) for collisions with nitrogen and rare gases. The cross sections indicate a significant dependence on (J,m) states and certain symmetry relations such as sigma(J,m-->J,m') = sigma(J,-m-->J,-m') and sigma(J,m -->J,'m) = sigma(J, -m-->J',-m) are demonstrated. The results also agree favorably with theoretical predictions of the relative decay rates for orientation, alignment, and octupole moment. The cross sections for rare-gas collision partners scale with polarizability as predicted. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Perram, GP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. OI Perram, Glen/0000-0002-4417-3929 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 1998 VL 58 IS 3 BP 2023 EP 2029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.58.2023 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 116MY UT WOS:000075730200052 ER PT J AU Previc, FH AF Previc, FH TI The neuropsychology of 3-D space SO PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Review ID PARIETAL ASSOCIATION CORTEX; PURSUIT EYE-MOVEMENTS; SUPERIOR TEMPORAL SULCUS; VERTICAL GAZE DIRECTION; AUDITORY PSYCHOMOTOR COORDINATION; PROBABLE ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; VISUAL-SEARCH PERFORMANCE; LEFT VISUOSPATIAL NEGLECT; RHESUS-MONKEY AB The neuropsychological literature on 3-D spatial interactions is integrated using a model of 4 major behavioral realms: (a) peripersonal (visuomotor operations in near-body space), (b) focal extrapersonal (visual search and object recognition), (c) action extrapersonal (orienting in topographically defined space), and (d) ambient extrapersonal (orienting in earth-fixed space). Each is associated with a distinct cortical network: dorsolateral peripersonal, predominantly ventrolateral focal-extrapersonal, predominantly ventromedial action-extrapersonal, and predominantly dorsomedial ambient-extrapersonal systems. Interactions in 3-D space are also regulated neurochemically with dopaminergic and cholinergic excitation associated with extrapersonal activation and noradrenergic and serotonergic excitation associated with peripersonal activation. This model can help explain the 3-D imbalances in prominant neuropsychological disorders. C1 USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Previc, FH (reprint author), USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, 2504 Gillingham Dr,Suite 25, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM fprevic@alcft.brooks.af.mil NR 507 TC 279 Z9 281 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0033-2909 EI 1939-1455 J9 PSYCHOL BULL JI Psychol. Bull. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 124 IS 2 BP 123 EP 164 DI 10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.123 PG 42 WC Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 118HT UT WOS:000075833000001 PM 9747184 ER PT J AU Durkee, DP Pohl, EA Mykytka, EE AF Durkee, DP Pohl, EA Mykytka, EE TI Sensitivity analysis of availability estimates to input data characterization using design of experiments SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE availability; design of experiments; sensitivity analysis; input analysis AB Reliability analysts are often faced with the challenge of characterizing the behaviour of system components based on limited data. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into which availability model input data are most significant and how many data are necessary to achieve desired accuracy requirements. The overall goal is to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the data collection and data characterization processes. A 2(V)(5-1) factorial designed experiment was conducted to determine which of five input data characterization factors (for a simple series-parallel structure) may significantly affect availability model accuracy. The results from this experiment show that in this instance the factors under study do not have a significant effect on model output accuracy. Additional research is planned to more closely scrutinize the effects of these factors. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, ENY, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pohl, EA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, ENY, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 14 IS 5 BP 311 EP 317 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 136ER UT WOS:000076846000003 ER PT J AU Berk, A Bernstein, LS Anderson, GP Acharya, PK Robertson, DC Chetwynd, JH Adler-Golden, SM AF Berk, A Bernstein, LS Anderson, GP Acharya, PK Robertson, DC Chetwynd, JH Adler-Golden, SM TI MODTRAN cloud and multiple scattering upgrades with application to AVIRIS SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE-ORDINATE-METHOD; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ATMOSPHERIC FLUXES; COOLING RATES; MODEL; STRATOSPHERE; ALGORITHM; EMISSION; LOWTRAN AB Recent upgrades to the MODTRAN atmospheric radiation code improve the accuracy of its radiance predictions, especially in the presence of clouds and thick aerosols, and for multiple scattering in regions of strong molecular line absorption. The current public-released version of MODTRAN (MODTRAN3.7) features a generalized specification of cloud properties, while the current research version of MODTRAN (MODTRAN4) implements a correlated-k (CK) approach for more accurate calculation of multiply scattered radiance. Comparisons to cloud measurements demonstrate the viability of the CK approach. The impact of these upgrades on predictions for AVIRIS viewing scenarios is discussed for both clear and clouded skies; the CK approach provides refined predictions for AVIRIS nadir and near-nadir viewing. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1998 C1 Spectral Sci Inc, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Geophys Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. RP Berk, A (reprint author), Spectral Sci Inc, 99 S Bedford St 7, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. EM lex@spectral.com NR 36 TC 421 Z9 433 U1 8 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 65 IS 3 BP 367 EP 375 DI 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00045-5 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 112ZL UT WOS:000075524700012 ER PT J AU Mazur, A Michalek, J AF Mazur, A Michalek, J TI Marriage, divorce, and male testosterone SO SOCIAL FORCES LA English DT Article ID COMPETITION; BEHAVIOR; VETERANS; MEN; DEVIANCE; CRIME AB Among male air force veterans of the Vietnam era, age-adjusted testosterone levels are lower in married men than among those who are single or divorced. Contrary to the assumption of some sociological studies, age-adjusted testosterone level is not constant over time. Testosterone is relatively high during the years surrounding a divorce, and testosterone level falls during the years surrounding marriage. Changing testosterone levels may explain the low criminality found among married men and the increase in the abuse of wives around the time of divorce. C1 Syracuse Univ, Publ Affairs Program, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Mazur, A (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Publ Affairs Program, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. NR 37 TC 112 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 17 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PRESS PI CHAPEL HILL PA BOX 2288, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27515-2288 USA SN 0037-7732 J9 SOC FORCES JI Soc. Forces PD SEP PY 1998 VL 77 IS 1 BP 315 EP 330 DI 10.2307/3006019 PG 16 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA 137GY UT WOS:000076907400012 ER PT J AU Gill, HL Haurin, DR AF Gill, HL Haurin, DR TI Wherever he may go: How wives affect their husband's career decisions SO SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MILITARY; MIGRATION; MOBILITY AB We study the impact that a wife has on her husband's choice of career. Specifically, we investigate the decision to remain in the military and pursue the career of a military officer for those couples consisting of a civilian wife and a military husband. This decision is of special interest because the employment opportunities of wives are almost always negatively affected by a husband's military career. We find that variables measuring the financial consequences of a career change are important as are attitudinal variables. Moreover, our results show that the economic consequences of a career choice are valued differently by a husband depending on whether the consequences apply to himself or to his spouse. We find that a husband's level of satisfaction with the family's present work-life situation matters more than the wife's level of satisfaction and that a husband gives less weight to the potential earnings of his wife if the wife has a low level of attachment to the labor force. Finally, there is a significant difference among men in that a traditional husband only partially accounts for the potential economic impact on his wife of the prospective career change. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, LAS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Econ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Finance, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Gill, HL (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, LAS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0049-089X J9 SOC SCI RES JI Soc. Sci. Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 27 IS 3 BP 264 EP 279 DI 10.1006/ssre.1998.0623 PG 16 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA 116ZQ UT WOS:000075755600003 ER PT J AU Dhondt, F Barrette, J Rolland, PA AF Dhondt, F Barrette, J Rolland, PA TI 3D finite-difference electrothermal model for multifinger HBTs with thermal shunt and emitter ballast resistance SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; POWER DENSITIES AB A 3D electrothermal model for high-power HBTs is presented. This non-linear model, based on the finite difference method, computes the temperature distribution under static bias conditions for multifinger HBTs. The model takes into account emitter ballast resistance, thermal shunt design and the non-linear temperature dependence of substrate thermal conductivity. A simplified analytical model is used to describe the current-voltage characteristics of the HBT, and it can be user-modified to fit the user's device characteristics. We compute maximum junction temperature and device thermal resistance for complex three-dimensional HBT structures. We have used this model to optimize the thermal design of InGaP/GaAs HBTs employing emitter ballast resistance and thermal shunt. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Elect & Microelect Nord, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Dhondt, F (reprint author), Inst Elect & Microelect Nord, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1723 EP 1729 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(98)00130-0 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 123ZR UT WOS:000076156200014 ER PT J AU Jenkins, JR AF Jenkins, JR TI Penrose control of the gastroesophageal junction during fundoplication - An easy technique SO SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY-ULTRASOUND AND INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Letter C1 First Med Grp Hosp, Langley AFB, VA 23665 USA. RP Jenkins, JR (reprint author), First Med Grp Hosp, Langley AFB, VA 23665 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0930-2794 J9 SURG ENDOSC-ULTRAS JI Surg. Endosc.-Ultrason. Interv. Tech. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 9 BP 1189 EP 1189 DI 10.1007/s004649900815 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 115PP UT WOS:000075674100021 PM 9716782 ER PT J AU Haddock, CK Klesges, RC Talcott, GW Lando, H Stein, RJ AF Haddock, CK Klesges, RC Talcott, GW Lando, H Stein, RJ TI Smoking prevalence and risk factors for smoking in a population of United States Air Force basic trainees SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article DE military trainees; smoking prevalence; United States ID PREDICTORS; ALCOHOL; YOUTH AB Objective-To provide a comprehensive assessment of smoking prevalence and risks for smoking in an entire population of United States Air Force (USAF) military basic trainees (n = 32 144). Design-Population-based survey with every individual entering the USAF enlisted force from August 1995 to August 1996. Setting-USAF Basic Military Training (BMT) facility at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas. All trainees were assessed during the first week of BMT. Main outcome measures-A 53-item questionnaire was developed to assess four domains: demographics, smoking history, risk factors for smoking, and other health behaviours. Results-Approximately 32% of the trainees smoked regularly before basic training and a small percentage of the trainees (7.6%) described themselves as ex-smokers. Men, Euro-Americans, and those from lower educational backgrounds were more likely to smoke than other trainees. On average, smokers had smoked for approximately four years and had low nicotine dependence scores. Individuals who had smoked before BMT were more likely to use other drugs (such as alcohol, binge drinking, smokeless tobacco), and were less physically active than never-smokers. These findings were particularly strong for those who smoked up to basic training but were also evident for ex-smokers. Conclusions-Smoking is a prevalent risk factor among individuals entering the USAF. Furthermore, smoking was related to other risk factors believed to lower military readiness, including alcohol use and decreased physical activity. Comprehensive tobacco control policies aimed at reducing smoking among military trainees are needed. C1 Univ Missouri, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Univ Memphis, Prevent Ctr, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. Rockhurst Coll, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Haddock, CK (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, 5100 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-53478] NR 19 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD FAL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 232 EP 235 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 161TR UT WOS:000078306100014 PM 9825416 ER PT J AU Toxopeus, C Frazier, JM AF Toxopeus, C Frazier, JM TI Kinetics of trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid in the isolated perfused rat liver SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TCA; DCA; isolated perfused rat liver; kinetics ID PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; B6C3F1 MICE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; METABOLITES; CARCINOGENICITY; CONVERSION; INDUCTION; CYTOSOL; ALBUMIN AB Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and dichloroacetic acid (DCA) are environmental contaminants that are suspected human carcinogens. To obtain more detail on the role of the liver in the kinetics of TCA and DCA, experimental studies in the isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL) system were conducted. The IPRL system was dosed with either 5 or 50 mu mol of either TCA or DCA (25 or 250 mu M initial concentration, respectively), TCA and DCA concentrations were followed in perfusion medium and bile for 2 h, The chemical concentration in liver was determined at the end of exposure. Liver viability was monitored by measuring leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into perfusion medium and the rate of bile production. Studies performed with TCA showed that the total TCA concentration in perfusion medium decreased slightly during the first 30 min of exposure and remained constant thereafter, Most TCA, greater than 90% of total, was bound to albumin in the perfusion medium. A low, linear excretion rate of TCA in bile was obtained. The calculated free TCA concentration in the liver intracellular water space was higher than the unbound TCA concentration in the perfusion medium. Parallel studies with DCA showed that the DCA concentration in perfusion medium decreased rapidly. Of the total DCA in the perfusion medium, 60% was bound to albumin. The concentration of DCA in bile decreased over time. There was no DCA detectable in the liver after 2 h of exposure at both DCA concentrations, Enzyme leakage and bile production did not change in the presence of TCA or DCA, indicating that these concentrations were not acutely cytotoxic to the liver, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 AFRL, HEST, Operat Toxicol Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Wright State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Frazier, JM (reprint author), AFRL, HEST, Operat Toxicol Branch, Bldg 79,2856 G St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 152 IS 1 BP 90 EP 98 DI 10.1006/taap.1998.8505 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 135GH UT WOS:000076792300011 PM 9772204 ER PT J AU Boxwell, DA AF Boxwell, DA TI (Dis)orienting spectacle: The politics of 'Orlando''s sapphic camp SO TWENTIETH CENTURY LITERATURE LA English DT Article C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Boxwell, DA (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HOFSTRA UNIV PRESS PI HEMPSTEAD PA TWENTIETH CENTURY LITERATURE, HEMPSTEAD, NY 11550 USA SN 0041-462X J9 TWENTIETH CENT LIT JI Twentieth Century Lit. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 44 IS 3 BP 306 EP 327 PG 22 WC Literature SC Literature GA 144ZX UT WOS:000077347300004 ER PT J AU John, PJ Prasad, SV Voevodin, AA Zabinski, JS AF John, PJ Prasad, SV Voevodin, AA Zabinski, JS TI Calcium sulfate as a high temperature solid lubricant SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE CaSO4; CaF2; high temperature; tribology; thin film ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TUNGSTEN DISULFIDE FILMS; COATINGS; BEHAVIOR AB Both composite coatings and layered structures of CaF2 and WS2 were grown via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on steel substrates and TiN coated steel substrates. Films were found to be lubricious at temperatures up to 500 degrees C. XPS analysis of specimens indicated that the CaF2 and WS, materials interacted to form CaSO4, among other compounds. CaSO4 was then evaluated as a solid lubricant coating and found to have an excellent coefficient of friction of similar to 0.15 at 500 degrees C. Comparison of CaSO4 films with CaF2 films showed CaSO4 films performed better than CaF2 coatings both alone and in layered structures with WS2 or Ag. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, MLBT, Mat Directorat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Nonmetall Mat Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013 NR 16 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD SEP PY 1998 VL 219 IS 2 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00167-7 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 134EB UT WOS:000076729000002 ER PT J AU Daehler, M Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel-Hamilton, DL Goldizen, D Olivero, JJ Hartmann, GK Degenhardt, W Richards, ML Connor, BJ Aellig, CP AF Daehler, M Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel-Hamilton, DL Goldizen, D Olivero, JJ Hartmann, GK Degenhardt, W Richards, ML Connor, BJ Aellig, CP TI Validation of millimeter-wave atmospheric sounder (MAS) ozone measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ERROR ANALYSIS; SPACE; UARS; SPECTROSCOPY; INSTRUMENT; RETRIEVAL; SHUTTLE; MIDDLE; CLO; O-3 AB This paper discusses the validation of measurements of O-3 distribution in the Earth's atmosphere made by the Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS), a component of NASA's ATLAS spacelab shuttle package. Measurements of 184 GHz O-3 emission from the Earth's limb at tangent altitudes between 20 and 80 km were made with a 50 channel radiometer having a spectral resolution of 200 KHz. In three missions the emissions of O-3, H2O: ClO, and O-2 were measured between 70 degrees S and 70 degrees N latitudes. O-3 mixing ratio calculations and error analysis were performed with the Rodgers optimal estimation method. Data binned in 128 s batches yield mixing ratio profiles with an altitude resolution of 7 km at the O-3 peak and an estimated accuracy of 5%. Additional retrievals made with all data from each mission binned in 50 latitude zones yield mixing ratios with about 5 km altitude resolution and somewhat improved accuracy. Comparisons with coincident measurements from other space platforms indicate a general agreement within approximately 5%. The data are publicly available through the German Remote Sensing Data Center. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Computat Phys Inc, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37189 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Omakau, Cent Otago, New Zealand. RP Daehler, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7227, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM daehler@rira.nrl.navy.mil; bevilacqu@map.nrl.navy; kriebel@kepler.cpi.com; dgoldize@afit.af.mil; oliveroj@db.erau.edu; ghartmann@linax1.dnet.gwdg.de; degenhardt@linax1.dnet.gwdg.de; richards@linax1.dnet.gwdg.de; connor@kea.lauder.cri.nz NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D16 BP 19615 EP 19639 DI 10.1029/98JD01455 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 114ED UT WOS:000075595400015 ER PT J AU Lauer, WJ Carlson, TA AF Lauer, WJ Carlson, TA TI Myocardial bridging SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MMCC, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MCHE, MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lauer, WJ (reprint author), USAF, MC, Dept Cardiol, 375th Med Grp,310 W Losey St, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD AUG 25 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 8 BP 821 EP 821 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 112EL UT WOS:000075481100014 PM 9727554 ER PT J AU Baur, JW Rubner, MF AF Baur, JW Rubner, MF TI Fundamental studies of sequentially adsorbed polyelectrolyte multilayered films. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 261-PHYS BP U736 EP U736 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002201 ER PT J AU Brown, JM Curliss, DB Vaia, RA AF Brown, JM Curliss, DB Vaia, RA TI Nanoparticle toughening of epoxies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 076-MACR BP U321 EP U321 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100982 ER PT J AU Bunker, CE Gord, JR Grinstead, KD AF Bunker, CE Gord, JR Grinstead, KD TI Spectroscopic investigations of high-temperature, high-pressure model aviation fuels. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 074-PETR BP U617 EP U617 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001944 ER PT J AU Christe, KO Hoge, B Wilson, WW Zhang, X Hegge, J AF Christe, KO Hoge, B Wilson, WW Zhang, X Hegge, J TI Recent results in nitrogen fluoride and oxofluoride chemistry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 036-FLUO BP U830 EP U830 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902446 ER PT J AU Cooper, TM Natarajan, LV AF Cooper, TM Natarajan, LV TI The tail wags the dog: Substituent effects in photochromic polypeptide dark adaptation kinetics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 372-POLY BP U111 EP U111 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100373 ER PT J AU Cooper, TM Stone, MO AF Cooper, TM Stone, MO TI Investigation of self-assembly in a peptide-dye complex SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 373-POLY BP U111 EP U111 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100370 ER PT J AU Dang, TD Mather, PT Alexander, MD Spry, RJ Arnold, FE AF Dang, TD Mather, PT Alexander, MD Spry, RJ Arnold, FE TI Achieving high TG and low dielectric constant using aromatic benzoxazole polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 210-POLY BP U62 EP U62 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100209 ER PT J AU Das, GP Dudis, DS AF Das, GP Dudis, DS TI Modified sum-over-states theory to compute non-linear optical properties of molecules SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Polymer Branch, AFRL,MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 357-PHYS BP U765 EP U765 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002297 ER PT J AU Duan, XF Dudis, DS AF Duan, XF Dudis, DS TI Relative stabilities of 1.2- vs. 1,3- squarates and croconates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AFRL, MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 120-COMP BP U719 EP U719 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902142 ER PT J AU Dudis, DS McFarland, AD Fratini, AV AF Dudis, DS McFarland, AD Fratini, AV TI Polythiophene dications: Polarons and bipolarons. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 319-POLY BP U94 EP U94 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100317 ER PT J AU Fleitz, PA Kirkpatrick, SM Sutherland, RL AF Fleitz, PA Kirkpatrick, SM Sutherland, RL TI Measurement of two-photon absorption cross-sections. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 326-PHYS BP U756 EP U756 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002266 ER PT J AU Haddad, TS Mather, PT Jeon, HG Romo-Uribe, A Lichtenhan, JD AF Haddad, TS Mather, PT Jeon, HG Romo-Uribe, A Lichtenhan, JD TI Thermoplastics modified with nanoscale inorganic macromers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Systran Corp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 077-MACR BP U322 EP U322 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100983 ER PT J AU Hazel, J Stone, M Grace, M Tsukruk, VV AF Hazel, J Stone, M Grace, M Tsukruk, VV TI Tribological design of biomaterials for reptation motion. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Western Michigan Univ, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, MLPJ, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 535-POLY BP U159 EP U159 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100531 ER PT J AU Hsiao, BS Fu, X White, H Rafailovich, M Mather, PT Chaffee, K Jeon, H Lichtenhen, JD Schwab, J AF Hsiao, BS Fu, X White, H Rafailovich, M Mather, PT Chaffee, K Jeon, H Lichtenhen, JD Schwab, J TI Structural development during deformation of nano-reinforced poly(urethane) with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 312-PMSE BP U911 EP U911 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002738 ER PT J AU Hunton, DE AF Hunton, DE TI Beyond the undergraduate lab: Mass spectrometer experiments in the atmosphere and space SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, VSBP, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 136-CHED BP U412 EP U412 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901180 ER PT J AU Jiang, H Su, WJ Brant, M DeRosa, M Bunning, T AF Jiang, H Su, WJ Brant, M DeRosa, M Bunning, T TI Effect of water in hydrogels on laser damage threshold. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 283-PMSE BP U901 EP U901 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002709 ER PT J AU Lipson, SJ Vititoe, DL Allred, CL Lockwood, RB Paulsen, DE Blumberg, WAM Jacobson, MP Coy, SL Field, RW AF Lipson, SJ Vititoe, DL Allred, CL Lockwood, RB Paulsen, DE Blumberg, WAM Jacobson, MP Coy, SL Field, RW TI Spectroscopic pattern recognition applications in atmospheric remote sensing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Stewart Radiance Lab, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 475-PHYS BP U798 EP U798 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002404 ER PT J AU Maurice, LQ Striebich, RC AF Maurice, LQ Striebich, RC TI Cyclic species formation in the fuel systems of hydrocarbon fueled highspeed vehicles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, PRSF, AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 064-PETR BP U614 EP U614 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001934 ER PT J AU Minus, DK Corporan, E AF Minus, DK Corporan, E TI Deposition effects of radical stabilizing additives in JP-8 fuel. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, PRSF, AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 043-PETR BP U608 EP U608 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001913 ER PT J AU Morris, RA Arnold, ST Thomas, JM Viggiano, AA AF Morris, RA Arnold, ST Thomas, JM Viggiano, AA TI Reactivity of atmospheric plasma ions with aromatic hydrocarbons. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBP, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 165-PHYS BP U707 EP U707 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002107 ER PT J AU Nagvekar, D Sankaran, B Tan, LS AF Nagvekar, D Sankaran, B Tan, LS TI Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of electro-active monomers containing directly bonded aniline-thiophene, aniline-bithiophene and aniline-ethylenedioxythiophene structures. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLBP, Polymer Branch,AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 145-POLY BP U43 EP U44 PN 3 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100145 ER PT J AU O'Loughlin, EJ Burris, DR AF O'Loughlin, EJ Burris, DR TI Transformation of trichloroethene mediated by humic complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLQR, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 070-ENVR BP U779 EP U779 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902290 ER PT J AU Prasad, PN Joshi, M Haridas, EP Swiatkiewicz, J He, GS Kim, KS Bhawalkar, J AF Prasad, PN Joshi, M Haridas, EP Swiatkiewicz, J He, GS Kim, KS Bhawalkar, J TI Two-photon processes: Dynamics and applications to photonics and biophotonics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem & Phys, Photon Res Lab, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 607-POLY BP U197 EP U197 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100604 ER PT J AU Rogue, RT Bowman, CN Natarajan, LV Tondiglia, VP Sutherland, RL Bunning, TJ AF Rogue, RT Bowman, CN Natarajan, LV Tondiglia, VP Sutherland, RL Bunning, TJ TI Examining the role of cure temperature on PDLC films prepared from high functionality monomers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45432 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Chem Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 521-POLY BP U155 EP U155 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100517 ER PT J AU Rubey, WA Striebich, RC AF Rubey, WA Striebich, RC TI Various instrumental aspects of analyzing water in jet fuel by gas-liquid chromatography. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, PRSF, AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Environm Sci & Engn Grp, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 075-PETR BP U617 EP U617 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001945 ER PT J AU Sankaran, B DiSalvo, F Tan, LS Vaia, R AF Sankaran, B DiSalvo, F Tan, LS Vaia, R TI Spectroscopy studies of electroactive polymer nanocomposite SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLBP, AFRL,Mat & Mfg Technol Directorate,Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 039-MACR BP U310 EP U311 PN 3 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100945 ER PT J AU Shen, C Lucier, GM Chacon, L Rosov, N Bartlett, N AF Shen, C Lucier, GM Chacon, L Rosov, N Bartlett, N TI Structural, magnetic and chemical properties of some high-oxidation state pseudo trifluorides, M ' M '' F-6. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 037-FLUO BP U830 EP U830 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902447 ER PT J AU Stapleton, RA Haddad, T Lichtenhan, J AF Stapleton, RA Haddad, T Lichtenhan, J TI Synthetic control of nanostructure and nanoreinforcement in high molecular weight acrylic co-polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 040-MACR BP U311 EP U311 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100946 ER PT J AU Su, WJ Copper, T Nguyen, K Brandelik, D Brant, M McLean, D AF Su, WJ Copper, T Nguyen, K Brandelik, D Brant, M McLean, D TI The influence of structure variation on nonlinear optical properties of porphyrins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WPAFB, AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Dayton, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 431-PHYS BP U784 EP U784 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002362 ER PT J AU Tan, LS Burkett, JL Simko, SR Alexander, MD AF Tan, LS Burkett, JL Simko, SR Alexander, MD TI Synthesis of rigid-rod and extended-rod benzazole polymers containing 2,5-pyridyl moieties. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, Polymer Branch, AFRL,MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 146-POLY BP U44 EP U44 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100146 ER PT J AU Trohalaki, S Pachter, R AF Trohalaki, S Pachter, R TI Property prediction of non-toxic icing inhibitors. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Wright Lab, MLPJ, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 136-COMP BP U723 EP U723 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902158 ER PT J AU Williams, S Chiu, YH Dressler, RA Levandier, DJ Murad, E AF Williams, S Chiu, YH Dressler, RA Levandier, DJ Murad, E TI Photofragment spectroscopy of cluster ions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 343-PHYS BP U761 EP U761 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002283 ER PT J AU Zarkoob, S Reneker, DH Eby, RK Hudson, SD Ertley, D Adams, WW AF Zarkoob, S Reneker, DH Eby, RK Hudson, SD Ertley, D Adams, WW TI Structure and morphology of nano electrospun silk fibers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Akron, Maurice Morton Inst Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. USAF, Mat Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 409-POLY BP U122 EP U122 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100406 ER PT J AU Voevodin, AA Bultman, J Zabinski, JS AF Voevodin, AA Bultman, J Zabinski, JS TI Investigation into three-dimensional laser processing of tribological coatings SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerospace; composite; laser processing; tribological coatings ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; WEAR PROTECTION; FILMS; FRICTION; DEPOSITION; MOS2; LUBRICATION; STEEL AB Tribological coating design has evolved from single layer/single phase to multilayer and composite architectures. The early single-layer coatings were not efficient for arresting cracks, distributing loads, relaxing stress, and preventing adhesive failures. Second-generation coatings with multilayer, gradient, and composite architectures added another dimension to the coating design and allowed much better accommodation of stresses and crack arresting. This paper considers the further evolution of coating design to three dimensions, where the lateral property variation was added to the cross-thickness property variation. The three-dimensional design considerably improved the tribological characteristics of hard coatings, by permitting solid lubricant replenishment inside the friction contacts. A functionally gradient Ti-TiC-TiC/diamond-like carbon coating with an upper layer of a tough nanocrystalline/amorphous composite was used for load support, crack prevention, and stress equalization. This coating was processed with laser irradiation to form grooved tracks along wear paths, which were then filled with MoS2. This provided a solid lubricant reservoir in the lateral dimension of the coating. The three-dimensional coating was tested in long-duration sliding tests at fixed and cycling humidity. The coating exhibited environmental adaptation with friction coefficients of 0.15 in humid air and 0.02 in dry nitrogen. The wear life was increased by at least one order of magnitude in comparison to that for a hard gradient coating with a top layer of MoS2 without any three-dimensional laser processing. Discussions of three-dimensional coating tribological properties, friction and wear mechanisms are provided. The environmental adaptation achieved with three-dimensional coating processing can be beneficial for aerospace applications. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM voevodaa@ml.wpafb.af.mil RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013 NR 22 TC 60 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 107 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00543-X PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 132AE UT WOS:000076606800002 ER PT J AU Dayton, DC Browne, SL Sandven, SP Gonglewski, JD Kudryashov, AV AF Dayton, DC Browne, SL Sandven, SP Gonglewski, JD Kudryashov, AV TI Theory and laboratory demonstrations on the use of a nematic liquid-crystal phase modulator for controlled turbulence generation and adaptive optics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We discuss the use of liquid-crystal phase modulators (LCPM's) both as a repeatable disturbance test source and as an adaptive optics corrector. LCPM's have the potential to induce controlled, repeatable, dynamic aberrations into optical systems at low cost, low complexity, and high flexibility. Because they are programmable and can be operated as transmissive elements, they can easily be inserted into the optical path of an adaptive optics system and used to generate a disturbance test source. When used as wave-front correctors they act as a piston-only segmented mirror and have a number of advantages. These include low operating power requirements, relatively low cost, and compact size. Laboratory experiments with a Meadowlark LCPM are presented. We first describe use of the LCPM as a repeatable disturbance generator for testing adaptive optics systems. We then describe a closed-loop adaptive optics system using the LCPM as the wave-front corrector. The adaptive optics system includes a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor operated with a zonal control algorithm. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Appl Technol Associates, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Opt Sci Co, Anaheim, CA 92825 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy & Surveillance Technol Branch, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Sci Res Technol Lasers, Moscow 117333, Russia. RP Dayton, DC (reprint author), Appl Technol Associates, 1900 Randolph SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. OI Kudryashov, Alexis/0000-0002-7856-2834 NR 16 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 24 BP 5579 EP 5589 DI 10.1364/AO.37.005579 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 110CA UT WOS:000075360700008 PM 18286042 ER PT J AU Dawson, DL Cutler, BS Meissner, MH Strandness, DE AF Dawson, DL Cutler, BS Meissner, MH Strandness, DE TI Cilostazol has beneficial effects in treatment of intermittent claudication - Results from a multicenter, randomized, prospective, double-blind trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE claudication; peripheral vascular disease; cilostazol; drugs ID OCCLUSIVE ARTERIAL-DISEASE; CYCLIC-AMP PHOSPHODIESTERASE; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; PENTOXIFYLLINE EFFICACY; LOWER-EXTREMITY; DRUG-TREATMENT; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; INHIBITOR; TICLOPIDINE; CROSSOVER AB Background-Cilostazol is a new phosphodiesterase inhibitor that suppresses platelet aggregation and also acts as a direct arterial vasodilator. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of cilostazol for treatment of stable, moderately severe intermittent claudication. Methods and Results-Study inclusion criteria included age greater than or equal to 40 years, initial claudication distance (ICD) on treadmill (12.5% incline, 3.2 km/h) between 30 and 200 m, and confirmation of diagnosis of chronic lower-extremity arterial occlusive disease. After stabilization and single-blind placebo lead-in, 81 subjects (62 male, 19 female) from 3 centers were randomized unequally (2:1) to 12 weeks of treatment with cilostazol 100 mg PO BID or placebo. Primary outcome measures included ICD and maximum distance walked (absolute claudication distance, or ACD). Secondary outcome measures included ankle pressures, subjective assessments of benefit by patients and physicians, and safety. Treatment and control groups were similar with respect to age, severity of symptoms, ankle pressures, and smoking status. Statistical analyses used intention-to-treat analyses for each of 77 subjects who had greater than or equal to 1 treadmill test after initiation of therapy. Comparisons between groups were based on logarithms of ratios of ICD and ACD changes from baseline using ANOVA test at last treatment visit. The estimated treatment effect showed a 35% increase in ICD (P<0.01) and a 41% increase in ACD (P<0.01). There was no significant change in resting or postexercise ankle/brachial indexes. Patients' and physicians' subjective assessments corroborated the measured improvements in walking performance observed in the cilostazol-treated group. Conclusions-Cilostazol improved walking distances, significantly increasing ICD and ACD. The data suggest cilostazol is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of intermittent claudication. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Worcester, MA USA. RP Dawson, DL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MC, 959th MDOS-MMKG,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 43 TC 318 Z9 329 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD AUG 18 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 7 BP 678 EP 686 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 109XA UT WOS:000075348600011 PM 9715861 ER PT J AU Lee, MC Riddolls, RJ Burke, WJ Sulzer, MP Kuo, SP Klien, EMC AF Lee, MC Riddolls, RJ Burke, WJ Sulzer, MP Kuo, SP Klien, EMC TI Generation of large sheet-like ionospheric plasma irregularities at Arecibo SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY IRREGULARITIES; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; FIELD FLUCTUATIONS; INSTABILITIES AB Large-scale ionospheric plasma irregularities, generated by O-mode heater waves at Arecibo, are shown for the first time to have "sheet-like" structures. The irregularities are aligned with the magnetic meridional plane and have scale sizes ranging from a few hundred meters to a few kilometers. This interpretation is based on detailed considerations of sequential measurements of radar backscatter power, the controlling magnetic field geometry, and the deduced E x B plasma drift. The alignment of O-mode-generated irregularities with the magnetic meridional plane, and their disappearance during X-mode heating intervals are consistent with predictions of the thermal filamentation instability model. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. Natl Astron & Ionosphere Ctr, Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00613 USA. Polytech Univ, Farmingdale, NY USA. RP Lee, MC (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 16 BP 3067 EP 3070 DI 10.1029/98GL02322 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 111WT UT WOS:000075462000003 ER PT J AU Hsiung, DS Xia, XW Grove, TT Shahriar, MS Hemmer, PR AF Hsiung, DS Xia, XW Grove, TT Shahriar, MS Hemmer, PR TI Demonstration of a phase conjugate resonator using degenerate four-wave mixing via coherent population trapping in rubidium SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE optical phase resonator; optical phase conjugation; coherent population trapping ID ABERRATION-CORRECTION; SODIUM VAPOR; EFFICIENT; LASER; MODES; GAIN AB We demonstrate a ring cavity laser using the gain mechanism of a four-wave mixing process, mediated by two-photon Zeeman coherence resulting from coherent population trapping in a rubidium vapor cell. The cell acts as an amplifying phase conjugate mirror at one corner of the ring cavity. Even though the fundamental process requires non-degeneracy between the probe and the conjugate in the atom's frame, they are degenerate in the laboratory frame, via selection of a moving band of atoms for the gratings. As such, no frequency shifting is necessary in the cavity. The polarization orthogonality of the probe and the conjugate is compensated by an intra-cavity quarter wave plate. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Grove, TT (reprint author), MIT, Elect Res Lab, Bldg 26,Room 368, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM ttgrove@mit.edu RI Shahriar, Selim/B-7270-2009 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 154 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00307-1 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 112ZV UT WOS:000075525600017 ER PT J AU Du, G Prigodin, VN Burns, A Joo, J Wang, CS Epstein, AJ AF Du, G Prigodin, VN Burns, A Joo, J Wang, CS Epstein, AJ TI Unusual semimetallic behavior of carbonized ion-implanted polymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM METALLIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; LADDER POLYMERS; LOCALIZATION; FILMS; POLYACETYLENE; THERMOPOWER; TRANSPORT AB We report a comprehensive charge transport study of ion-implanted rigid rod and ladder polymers p-phenylenebenzobisoxazoIe, p-pbenylenebenzobisthiazole, and benzimidazobenzophenanthroline. The three pristine materials are strong and stable polymers with a room temperature conductivity sigma(RT)similar to 10(-12) Slcm. After high dosage ion implantation using Kr+, a carbonized and conducting layer forms on the surface of the film samples with sigma(RT) > 10(2) S/cm. The experimental results suggest that this carbonized layer is semimetallic with unusual properties. The observed de conductivity follows sigma(T)=sigma(0)+Delta(sigma)(T), where Delta sigma(T) is weakly temperature dependent and interpreted within the model of weak localization and electron-electron interaction effects. The model reveals that the interaction effect is three dimensional for the experimental temperature range (3-300 K), whereas the weak localization effect undergoes a dimensional crossover at similar to 60 K from three to two-dimensions with decreasing temperature. The magnetoconductance, thermoelectric power, and microwave dielectric constant results are all in agreement with this semimetallic model. In addition, all these results consistently point to an enhanced interaction effect at low temperatures due to the reduced dimensionality of the localization effect. It is concluded that a sp(2) rich and three-dimensional interconnected carbon network reformed upon ion implantation of the densely packed pristine polymers is responsible for the semimetallic behavior. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Du, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 39 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4485 EP 4495 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4485 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500048 ER PT J AU Zhang, XD Wiezorek, JMK Baeslack, WA Evans, DJ Fraser, HL AF Zhang, XD Wiezorek, JMK Baeslack, WA Evans, DJ Fraser, HL TI Precipitation of ordered alpha(2) phase in Ti-6-22-22 alloy SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM AB Microstructural characterization of Ti-6A1-2Cr-2Mo-2Sn-2Zr (Ti-6-22-22) after various heat treatments has been performed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The presence of very fine alpha(2) precipitates has been detected by electron diffraction in conventionally heat treated samples. The alpha(2) precipitates were observed within the alpha matrix of the "triplex" heat treated materials and also in samples cooled from the beta phase field with cooling rates of less than 5.5 degrees C/s. It was found that the alpha(2) precipitates were homogeneously distributed within the alpha phase with sizes of about 1-2 nm. Long time ageing at 650 degrees C for 1000 h stabilized the alpha(2) precipitates which grew to 5-10 nm in diameter and 20-50 nm in length. Structural stability of the alpha(2) precipitates has been discussed in terms of chemical composition and lattice mismatch between alpha 2 precipitates and the alpha matrix. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. Ali rights reserved. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. MLLM, AFRL, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Zhang, XD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 116 W 19Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 23 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4485 EP 4495 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00158-X PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 112KN UT WOS:000075494000003 ER PT J AU Masumura, RA Hazzledine, PM Pande, CS AF Masumura, RA Hazzledine, PM Pande, CS TI Yield stress of fine grained materials SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID HALL-PETCH RELATION; NANOCRYSTALLINE; COPPER; MICROHARDNESS; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; DEPENDENCE; PALLADIUM; SIZE; FE AB A model is proposed for the yield stress of ultra-fine grained materials based upon Coble creep. Using Coble creep with a threshold stress for finer grains and conventional Hall-Fetch strengthening for larger grains, an analytical relation is derived for the yield stress as a function of grain size for a range from very large to very small. A grain size distribution is incorporated into the analysis to account for a distribution of grain sizes occurring in most specimens. This result is compared with experimental data from Cu and NiP and shown to be in good agreement. Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Masumura, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 34 TC 286 Z9 303 U1 2 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4527 EP 4534 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00150-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 112KN UT WOS:000075494000007 ER PT J AU Roberson, SL Finello, D Banks, AD Davis, RF AF Roberson, SL Finello, D Banks, AD Davis, RF TI Growth of Fe3N films via chemical vapor deposition of iron acetylacetonate and anhydrous ammonia SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Letter DE chemical vapor deposition; depositing process; iron; nitrides ID NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ION-IMPLANTATION; HEADS; PHASE; CVD AB Polycrystalline Fe3N films have been grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on 50-mu m thick polycrystalline Ti substrates using iron acetylacetonate (IAA) and anhydrous ammonia (NH3) in a cold-wall vertical pancake-style reactor. X-ray diffraction data indicated that single phase Fe3N was present in films deposited at and above 600 degrees C; below this temperature no deposition occurred. The composition of the Fe3N films did not vary with changes in the deposition temperature, the NH3 flow rate or the deposition rate at a constant deposition pressure of 100 Torr. The surface macrostructure of the as-deposited films was independent of the deposition temperature and was very similar to that of the uncoated Ti substrate. The microstructure of the films was porous with a thickness variation of approximate to 1 mu m across the surface of the films. Larger grains were produced at 600 and 800 degrees C, while smaller and more uniform grains were produced at 700 degrees C. Energy dispersive X-ray data indicated that films deposited at and above 600 degrees C contained low levels of both carbon and oxygen. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USAF, Res Labs, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Roberson, SL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 326 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)00571-9 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 115YK UT WOS:000075693800003 ER PT J AU Vanheusden, K Warren, WL Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Draper, BL Winokur, PS Devine, RAB Archer, LB Brown, GA Wallace, RM AF Vanheusden, K Warren, WL Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Draper, BL Winokur, PS Devine, RAB Archer, LB Brown, GA Wallace, RM TI Chemical kinetics of mobile-proton generation and annihilation in SiO2 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACE; MECHANISM AB The chemical kinetics of mobile-proton reactions in the SiO2 film of Si/SiO2/Si structures were analyzed as a function of forming-gas anneal parameters in the 300-600 degrees C temperature range. Our data show that the initial buildup of mobile protons is limited by the rate of lateral hydrogen diffusion into the SiO2 films. The final density of mobile protons is determined by the cooling rate which terminates the annealing process and, in the case of subsequent anneals, by the temperature of the final anneal. To explain the observations, we propose a dynamical equilibrium model which assumes a reversible interfacial reaction with a temperature-dependent balance. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)02830-7]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etud Telecommun, F-38243 Meylan, France. Texas Instruments Inc, Dallas, TX 75243 USA. RP Vanheusden, K (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RI Wallace, Robert/A-5283-2008 OI Wallace, Robert/0000-0001-5566-4806 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 5 BP 674 EP 676 DI 10.1063/1.121944 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108CV UT WOS:000075249200040 ER PT J AU Chenault, CF Beran, PS AF Chenault, CF Beran, PS TI K-epsilon and Reynolds stress turbulence model comparisons for two-dimensional injection flows SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; CLOSURE AB Two-dimensional steady flow fields generated by transverse injection into a supersonic flow are numerically simulated by integrating the Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Fine-scale turbulence effects are modeled with compressible K-epsilon and second-order Reynolds-stress turbulence models. These numerical results are compared to numerical results of the Jones-Launder K-epsilon model and experimental data. The credibility of the Reynolds-stress turbulence model relative to experimental data and other turbulence models is demonstrated by comparison of surface pressure profiles, boundary-layer separation location, jet plume height, and descriptions of recirculation zones and flow structure upstream and downstream of the jet. Results indicate that the Reynolds-stress turbulence model correctly predicts mean flow conditions for low static pressure ratios. However, it is also observed that, as the static pressure ratio increases, the boundary-layer separation point moves farther upstream of the jet and predictions become less consistent with experimental results. The K-epsilon results are less consistent with the experimental results than those associated with the Reynolds-stress turbulence model. Finally, unlike the K-epsilon results, nonphysical vorticity phenomena upstream of the jet plume are not observed in the Reynolds-stress turbulence model results. This phenomenon is shown to coincide with strong gradients in the mall functions used to compute mu(t). C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate,Aeromech Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP USAF, Inst Technol, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate,Aeromech Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 37 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1401 EP 1412 DI 10.2514/2.561 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 105HJ UT WOS:000075066400008 ER PT J AU Kennington, LB Davis, RD Murchison, DF Langenderfer, WR AF Kennington, LB Davis, RD Murchison, DF Langenderfer, WR TI Short-term clinical evaluation of post-operative sensitivity with bonded amalgams SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESTORATIONS; MICROLEAKAGE AB Purpose: To compare the in vivo short-term post-operative sensitivity of teeth restored with amalgam using a bonded resin liner vs. teeth restored using a copal varnish liner. Materials and Methods: 20 patients received Class I or Class II contralaterally paired restorations which were placed at the same appointment. All restorations were placed by the same operator using an identical technique except that, in each randomized pair, one was lined with an adhesive resin (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus) while the other was lined with copal varnish. (Plastodent) Patients were provided visual analog scale response forms, instructed in their use, and requested to complete and return a form reporting their degree of sensitivity at baseline and on days 1; 3, 7, 14, and 30 post-operatively. Data from the response forms were analyzed for differences using a paired t-test. Results: A response rate of 90% (18/20) was achieved for the complete 30-day assessment. Increases in thermal sensitivity beyond baseline were seen in 13 of the 18 subjects involving 12 restorations lined with copal varnish and 10 lined with adhesive resin. Typically, sensitivity peaked on day 1 or day 3 and diminished to pre-operative levels by day 30. Only three subjects reported greater sensitivity at day 30 than at baseline. No significant difference in post-operative sensitivity was found between the two cavity lining materials at any post-operative interval. C1 USAF, 81st Dent Squadron, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. USAF, 74th Dent Squadron, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Davis, RD (reprint author), USAF, 81st Dent Squadron, 606 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 9859 IH-10 WEST, SUITE 107/489, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78230-2236 USA SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 177 EP 180 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 136YH UT WOS:000076886300006 PM 10388372 ER PT J AU Weller, DA DeGuide, JJ Riegler, JL AF Weller, DA DeGuide, JJ Riegler, JL TI Utility of endoscopic evaluations in liver transplant candidates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE; EXPERIENCE; PREVENTION AB Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether endoscopic evaluation of patients referred for liver transplant evaluation contributes significantly to patient selection or management. Methods: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed in transplant candidates who had not undergone this examination within a previous 6-month period, Colonoscopy (CSP) was performed if the patient was >50 yr of age or had anemia, a history of colonic pathology such as adenomatous polyps? or a history suggesting gastrointestinal tract abnormalities. Results: A total of 118 patients were studied. FGD was performed in 74 (63%) patients, Forty-seven patients had esophageal varices identified; in 26, this represented a new diagnosis. Other findings on EGD included portal gastropathy (21 patients), gastric varices (seven patients!, peptic ulceration (10 patients), Barrett's esophagus (three patients), and one case each of esophageal and gastric carcinoma. CSP was performed in 56 patients. Findings included adenomatous polyps (24 patients) and one case of colon carcinoma. Overall, gastrointestinal pathology was discovered in 67 (57%) of the patients undergoing endoscopic evaluation as part of our study, Alterations in patient selection or management resulted from 44% of the procedures performed; 42% of the patients were affected by these management changes and 2.5% of patients were removed from further transplant evaluation because of the diagnosis of malignancy, Conclusion: Endoscopic evaluation of liver transplant candidates often identifies important gastrointestinal pathology and frequently impacts patient selection and management before OLT, (Am J Gastroenterol 1998:93:1346-1350, (C) 1998 by Am, Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Weller, DA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 93 IS 8 BP 1346 EP 1350 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 109PC UT WOS:000075330800028 PM 9707063 ER PT J AU Meier, PA Fredrickson, M Catney, M Nettleman, MD AF Meier, PA Fredrickson, M Catney, M Nettleman, MD TI Impact of a dedicated intravenous therapy team on nosocomial bloodstream infection rates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; SECULAR TRENDS; UNITED-STATES; SEPTIC SHOCK; BACTEREMIA; SEPSIS; MORTALITY; COMPLICATIONS; CONSEQUENCES AB Background: Meticulous care of intravenous catheters could be expected to minimize associated nosocomial bloodstream infections, but care is often suboptimal. Methods: To examine the ostensible benefits of a professional, dedicated intravenous therapy team, we compared the secular trends in nosocomial bloodstream infections before and after such a team was established. Results: After the introduction of the team at the Veterans Administration Medical Center, the rate of primary nosocomial bloodstream infection decreased by 35% (1.1 to 0.7 infections/1000 patient-days, P < .01), including a 51% decrease in bloodstream infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (P < .01). The excess cost of the team was $252,000 per year. The excess costs per life saved and infection prevented were projected to be $53,000 and $14,000, respectively. Conclusions: The introduction of a dedicated intravenous therapy team was associated with a significant reduction in nosocomial bloodstream infections. Further work is needed to maximize the cost-benefit ratio of this intervention. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Nettleman, MD (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Gen Med, POB 980102, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 388 EP 392 DI 10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70033-1 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 127EK UT WOS:000076337500002 PM 9721390 ER PT J AU Dix, JE Griffitt, W Yates, C Johnson, B AF Dix, JE Griffitt, W Yates, C Johnson, B TI Spontaneous thoracic spinal cord herniation through an anterior dural defect SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME; ARACHNOID CYST AB A 44-year-old woman was examined for progressive left lower extremity weakness and spasticity. Thoracic spine MR imaging and CT myelography showed a ventral dural defect at T7-T8,vith an extradural subarachnoid fluid collection and extradural herniation of the spinal cord. Intraoperative sonography confirmed the appropriate level for dural entry and the finding of spinal cord herniation. After reduction of the herniated spinal cord, the patient experienced gradual improvement in neurologic function. C1 David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Radiol SGSX, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. RP Dix, JE (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Radiol SGSX, 101 bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. NR 14 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1345 EP 1348 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 112CE UT WOS:000075475900036 PM 9726480 ER PT J AU Brost, BC Newman, RB AF Brost, BC Newman, RB TI Cesarean section - Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 SGCG, 81st MSGS, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. RP Brost, BC (reprint author), SGCG, 81st MSGS, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 301 Fisher St,Room 1A132, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 179 IS 2 BP 565 EP 565 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70411-9 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 115MF UT WOS:000075668300072 ER PT J AU Wysong, IJ Pobst, JA AF Wysong, IJ Pobst, JA TI Quantitative two-photon laser-induced fluorescence of hydrogen atoms in a 1 kW arcjet thruster SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID H-ATOM; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; STIMULATED-EMISSION; O-ATOM; FLAMES; SPECTROSCOPY; PLASMAS; OXYGEN; TEMPERATURE; DISCHARGES AB Quantitative measurements of atomic hydrogen are reported for an arcjet thruster using two-photon laser-induced fluorescence. Number density, axial and radial velocity, and temperature of ground state atomic hydrogen are obtained at the nozzle exit plane and in the downstream plume of a 1 kW arcjet operating on hydrogen propellant. Details of the technique and data analysis are provided. Comparisons with other related available data are made, as well as with several computational models. The observed dissociation fraction of 31 +/- 14 % is significantly higher than predicted by the models. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Wysong, IJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Raytheon STX, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RI Wysong, Ingrid/E-6592-2011 OI Wysong, Ingrid/0000-0003-0591-6862 NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 67 IS 2 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1007/s003400050493 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 127NW UT WOS:000076358300009 ER PT J AU Meier, PA Mathers, WD Sutphin, JE Folberg, R Hwang, TK Wenzel, RP AF Meier, PA Mathers, WD Sutphin, JE Folberg, R Hwang, TK Wenzel, RP TI An epidemic of presumed Acanthamoeba keratitis that followed regional flooding results of - A case-control investigation SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOFT CONTACT-LENSES; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; IN-VIVO; NAEGLERIA; CORNEAL; AMEBAS AB Objectives: To investigate an outbreak of presumed Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), to identify risk factors associated with its development, and to characterize the changing epidemiology of AK. Methods: We performed a pairwise-matched case-control study involving 31 patients who were diagnosed as having AK between July 1993 and December 1994. Risk factors were identified using conditional logistic regression analysis. To investigate the impact of regional flooding, we stratified counties within Iowa by whether their water facilities were affected and then calculated population-based estimates of the incidence of AK. Results: During the study, 43 presumed incident cases of AK were diagnosed; 31 were included in the case-control study. Cases were diagnosed based on the clinical presentation of keratitis, positive tandem scanning confocal microscopy examination results, and confirmatory cytopathologic findings. There were no positive culture specimens. On average, cases had symptoms for 8 weeks before diagnosis, most notably photophobia (94%), red eyes (94%), and pain (80%). Contact lens use (odds ratio [OR] = 44.16; P = .02) and fishing (OR = 22.62; P = .04) were independent predictors of the development of AK. The presence of a humidifier in the home (OR = 0.08; P = .03) and having household water that originated from a private well instead of the municipal water supply (OR = 0.12; P = .08) were protective. Twenty-nine of 30 cases resided in counties in which the water supplies were affected by flooding as determined by the Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa. The incidence of AK in these counties was more than 10 times higher than that in the unaffected counties (relative risk = 10.83, 95% confidence interval, 1.48-79.49; P < .003). Conclusions: We describe an epidemic of keratitis that, based on clinicopathologic and epidemiological evidence, is consistent with AK. As in previous outbreaks of culture-proven AK, contact lens use was the major risk factor. Both the results of the case-control study and the population-based incidence estimates suggest that the recent outbreak may be caused, in part, by the effects of regional flooding. However, because the outbreak also coincided with a change in diagnostic techniques, we cannot eliminate recognition bias as the reason for the apparently changing epidemiology. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Grad Sch, Dept Prevent Med & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Meier, PA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 116 IS 8 BP 1090 EP 1094 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 110ZP UT WOS:000075413100013 PM 9715690 ER PT J AU Topley, D AF Topley, D TI An international critical care air transport flight: Intervening in the Korean airline crash SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, San Antonio, TX 78250 USA. RP Topley, D (reprint author), USAF, 8210 Parkland Hills Dr, San Antonio, TX 78250 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 806 EP 807 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600015 PM 9715973 ER PT J AU Nailling, K AF Nailling, K TI The birth of a ramp for CRAF SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, NC, OFallon, IL 62269 USA. RP Nailling, K (reprint author), USAF, NC, 903 Darmouth, OFallon, IL 62269 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 808 EP 809 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600016 PM 9715974 ER PT J AU Perrin, BM Vaughan, DS Mitchell, JL AF Perrin, BM Vaughan, DS Mitchell, JL TI A methodology to facilitate occupational task grouping: Meeting the demands of training analysis and planning SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS LA English DT Article AB Methods for grouping occupational tasks are required to support a broad range of personnel actions and organizational planning activities. Having subject matter experts sort tasks into groups is the only methodology generally recognized for these purposes. For many applications, however, and training in particular, analyses that cover large areas of an organization may be required. For such uses, manual sorting is costly and may be infeasible. A new method, based on statistical clustering using task co-performance, is described. Results indicate that this method can replicate much of the structure of the experts' groups and so can be used to facilitate task grouping. Implications of this new approach are discussed. C1 Boeing Co, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. USAF, Res Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Perrin, BM (reprint author), Boeing Co, Mailcode 0343065,POB 516, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC PI AUSTIN PA 1710 FORTVIEW RD, AUSTIN, TX 78704 USA SN 0743-3808 J9 BEHAV RES METH INS C JI Behav. Res. Methods Instr. Comput. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 30 IS 3 BP 432 EP 440 DI 10.3758/BF03200676 PG 9 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 114TB UT WOS:000075624200009 ER PT J AU Yacoub, NK AF Yacoub, NK TI Maximum spectral energy for seismic magnitude estimation. Part I: Rayleigh-wave magnitude SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A method for accurate estimation of surface-wave magnitudes is presented as an alternative to M-s, the classical time-domain magnitude. The salient features of the method are the use of velocity and frequency windows to isolate seismic phases and the use of maximum spectral energy to characterize ground motion for magnitude estimation. Rayleigh-wave ground motion estimated by the new method is generally consistent, but not identical, to that measured in the time domain. The estimated ground motion is used to determine Rayleigh-wave spectral magnitudes for 27 presumed nuclear explosions, from several test sites. These magnitudes are studied for their accuracy and for their transportability between nuclear explosion test sites. For accuracy, we compare spectral magnitudes M-R with their corresponding time-domain-measured magnitudes M-s. The comparison encompasses network magnitudes and their standard deviations and magnitude residuals. For transportability, we studied the variations in m(b) (body-wave magnitude), M-s (time-domain magnitude), and MR (spectral magnitude) for network-averaged m(b)-equivalent presumed nuclear explosions at the Shagan River and the Qingger test sites. These studies showed that this spectral magnitude has a smaller error than classical time-domain M-s and that it is transportable between the two test sites. C1 USAF, Tech Applicat Ctr, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. RP Yacoub, NK (reprint author), USAF, Tech Applicat Ctr, 1030 S Highway A1A, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. EM nazieh@rayleigh.aftac.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 88 IS 4 BP 952 EP 962 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 113ED UT WOS:000075536600005 ER PT J AU Vaia, RA Lee, JW Wang, CS Click, B Price, G AF Vaia, RA Lee, JW Wang, CS Click, B Price, G TI Hierarchical control of nanoparticle deposition: High-performance electrically conductive nanocomposite fibers via infiltration SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-POLYMER COMPOSITES; PREPARE METALLIZED PLASTICS; BLOCK-COPOLYMER MICELLES; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; SIZE CONTROL; FILMS; INTERCALATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCHEMISTRY; NANOCLUSTERS AB Multifunctional nanocomposite fibers with electrical conductivities in excess of 1.0 x 10(4) S cm(-1) were synthesized via the incorporation of a connected, silver metal network in rigid-rod poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) during fiber processing. Silver metal is templated in situ using the microfibular network of the acid-swollen fiber(1). The interpenetrating metal-polymer network (2) provided mechanically robust conductivity as well as mechanical performance exceeding pure metal fibers. C1 USAF, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Syscom Technol Inc, Hilliard, OH 43026 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 8 BP 2030 EP + DI 10.1021/cm9801845 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 112QE UT WOS:000075504900002 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Ingersoll, D Alam, TM Tafoya, CJ Rodriguez, MA Vanheusden, K Doughty, DH AF Boyle, TJ Ingersoll, D Alam, TM Tafoya, CJ Rodriguez, MA Vanheusden, K Doughty, DH TI Rechargeable lithium battery cathodes. Nonaqueous synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties of LiCoO2 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM CO-LI2CO3; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRODE; OXIDES; CELLS; ROUTE; PERFORMANCE; CRYSTALLINE; DEPOSITION; RESONANCE AB A nonaqueous coprecipitation process has been developed to prepare controlled stoichiometry lithium cobalt oxide precipitates. The process involved mixing a methanolic "LiCo(NO3)(3)" solution with a methanolic solution containing tetramethylammonium oxalate as a precipitating agent. The resulting oxalates were readily converted to phase-pure lithium cobalt oxide at 800 degrees C under an oxygen atmosphere. The various starting solutions, oxalate precipitates, and the resulting oxides have been extensively characterized using a variety of techniques, including multinuclear NMR, TGA/DTA, EPR, and XRD analyses. Results indicate that the strong interaction between the metals (Li and Co) that occurred in solution was maintained during precipitation. The calcined precipitate revealed that the desired LiCoO2 phase was formed at 800 degrees C under an O-2 atmosphere. When electrochemically cycled, the material exhibited an initial capacity of similar to 133 (mA h)/g with a fade of 0.02% in capacity per cycle. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd,SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 8 BP 2270 EP 2276 DI 10.1021/cm9802088 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 112QE UT WOS:000075504900038 ER PT J AU Rice, RR AF Rice, RR TI Holocaust studies - Gabriel Schoenfeld & critics SO COMMENTARY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Rice, RR (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER JEWISH COMMITTEE PI NEW YORK PA 165 E 56TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 0010-2601 J9 COMMENTARY JI Commentary PD AUG PY 1998 VL 106 IS 2 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Political Science; Social Issues SC Government & Law; Social Issues GA 103RC UT WOS:000074970800019 ER PT J AU Sellers, JJ AF Sellers, JJ TI Special issue: International Workshop on Experimental Techniques in the Analysis of Composite Structures - Foreword SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Sellers, JJ (reprint author), USAF, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 297 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S0263-8223(98)00075-0 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 148EG UT WOS:000077491300001 ER PT J AU Johnston, KA Elston, DM AF Johnston, KA Elston, DM TI Palmoplantar pustulosis associated with sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ARTHROOSTEITIS; OSTEITIS AB Palmoplantar pustulosis associated with sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is characterized by asymmetrical and nonerosive involvement of the sternocostoclavicular joint, spine, and peripheral joints in association with palmoplantar pustulosis.(1) This seronegative arthrosteitis has been most frequently described in the rheumatologic literature. Male and female patients are affected eqully, but there tends to be a higher prevalence in Japan and Scandinavian countries.(1) We present a case of a 50-year-old man who presented with palmoplantar pustulosis that preceded his sternocostoclavicular hyperostotic symptoms by 1 to 2 years. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Combined Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Combined Dermatol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Johnston, KA (reprint author), 100 Adele Court, Yorktown, VA 23693 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 75 EP 76 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700007 PM 9714901 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Hivnor, C Elston, DM AF Schissel, DJ Hivnor, C Elston, DM TI Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ETRETINATE AB Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa is a rare, chronic, deforming disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis and papillomatosis of the epidermis with underlying woody fibrosis of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Chronic lymphedema, either congenital or secondary to infection, surgery, radiation, neoplastic obstruction, obesity, portal hypertension, or chronic congestive heart failure, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis. Without appropriate intervention, the slowly progressive cutaneous changes will culminate in massive and grotesque enlargement of the affected body region, In the following case report, the natural history and the management of elephantiasis nostras are discussed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700008 PM 9714902 ER PT J AU Honl, BA Elston, DM AF Honl, BA Elston, DM TI Autoimmune bullous eruption localized to a breast reconstruction response to niacinamide SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLINE THERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY; NICOTINAMIDE AB A case of bullous pemphigoid responding to niacinamide as monotherapy is reported. Clinically, the patient presented with bullous lesions localized to the left breast, She had a history of a left breast mastectomy for breast cancer. This was followed by radiation therapy to the left chest wall and delayed left breast reconstruction achieved with a transposition nap of the latissimus dorsi muscle. There have been reports of bullous pemphigoid treated with a combination of tetracycline and niacinamide, This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a case of bullous pemphigoid responding to niacinamide alone. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Honl, BA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700010 PM 9714904 ER PT J AU Picard, RH O'Neil, RR Gardiner, HA Gibson, J Winick, JR Gallery, WO Stair, AT Wintersteiner, PP Hegblom, ER Richards, E AF Picard, RH O'Neil, RR Gardiner, HA Gibson, J Winick, JR Gallery, WO Stair, AT Wintersteiner, PP Hegblom, ER Richards, E TI Remote sensing of discrete stratospheric gravity-wave structure at 4.3-mu m from the MSX satellite SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT; RADIATIVE EXCITATION; ATMOSPHERE; MODEL AB Distinctive structure in the 4.3-mu m spectral region has been imaged by the SPIRIT 3 radiometer on the MSX satellite observing the cloud-free atmosphere. We show nadir, high-nadir-angle (NA) sublimb, and limb images which, coupled with radiative transfer analysis, indicate that this structure originates from internal gravity waves (GWs). Such structure occurs in a significant fraction of both below-the-horizon (BTH), or sublimb, and above-the-horizon (ATH), or limb, observations in both MSX 4.3-mu m channels. The structure has different morphology from clouds and has spatial scales appropriate for atmospheric GWs. Calculation of contribution functions (CFs), or weighting functions, for MSX filters and viewing conditions confirms that the BTH GW structure originates from altitudes near 40 km. We believe this is the first high-resolution imaging of atmospheric GWs from space in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) spectral region. In addition, the technique provides structure imaging capabilities at upper stratospheric altitudes inaccessible to airglow imagery. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Boston Coll, Inst Space Res, Newton, MA 02159 USA. Visidyne Inc, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. ARCON Corp, Waltham, MA 02154 USA. Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM picard@plh.af.mil NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2809 EP 2812 DI 10.1029/98GL01701 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900013 ER PT J AU Burke, WJ Fehringer, TL Weimer, DR Huang, CY Gussenhoven, MS Rich, FJ Gentile, LC AF Burke, WJ Fehringer, TL Weimer, DR Huang, CY Gussenhoven, MS Rich, FJ Gentile, LC TI Observed and predicted potential distributions during the October 1995 magnetic cloud passage SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IONOSPHERIC CONVECTION; JANUARY 14; FIELD AB Ion drift measurements from DMSP F13 provide the first opportunity to study the evolution of high latitude potentials in both hemispheres as a magnetic cloud passed Earth. Early in the event with IMF B-Z strongly southward, the polar cap expanded and the potential measured across it reached 174 kV, then decreased as the IMF rotated toward B-Y < 0. During the initial northward IMF phase convection in the polar cap was dominated by large lobe cells, clockwise in the southern and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. With purely northward IMF, convection patterns had four cells and were irregular on the day and night sides of the magnetic dawn-dusk meridian. Potential distributions measured with a southward or westward IMF agree with predictions of the Weimer [1996] model, suggesting that some global MHD simulations overestimate dayside merging rates. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Mission Res Corp, Nashua, NH 03062 USA. RP Burke, WJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 3023 EP 3026 DI 10.1029/98GL00469 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900067 ER PT J AU Steyskal, H Mailloux, RJ AF Steyskal, H Mailloux, RJ TI Generalisation of an array-failure-correction method SO IEE PROCEEDINGS-MICROWAVES ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE array elements; ultimate pattern error; sidelobes AB Array-element failure can seriously degrade the sidelobe of a high-performance array, and methods to compensate element failures therefore are important. One recent method considers an array with M signals incident from known directions, and processes the received signals from a select set of M contiguous operative array elements to reconstruct missing element signals. The method works well for known signal directions but can lead to large spurious responses in other directions. The method is reformulated and generalised to utilise all operative elements in the array, and thereby reduce the spurious responses. Finally, an estimate for the ultimate pattern error is derived. C1 USAF, Res Lab SNH, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Steyskal, H (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab SNH, 31 Grenier St, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1350-2417 J9 IEE P-MICROW ANTEN P JI IEE Proc.-Microw. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 145 IS 4 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1049/ip-map:19982059 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 115AL UT WOS:000075641300012 ER PT J AU Pachter, M Chandler, PR AF Pachter, M Chandler, PR TI Challenges of autonomous control SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Pachter, M (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1066-033X J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1109/37.710883 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA 107BE UT WOS:000075185300010 ER PT J AU White, JK Moloney, JV Gavrielides, A Kovanis, V Hohl, A Kalmus, R AF White, JK Moloney, JV Gavrielides, A Kovanis, V Hohl, A Kalmus, R TI Multilongitudinal-mode dynamics in a semiconductor laser subject to optical injection SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE laser modes; laser stability; modeling; nonlinear differential equations; nonlinear optics; optical communications; optoelectronic devices; semiconductor lasers ID DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK LASERS; NONLINEAR GAIN; NOISE; APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS; SUPPRESSION; AMPLIFIERS; PARTITION; STABILITY; LINEWIDTH AB Multilongitudinal-mode dynamics in a semiconductor laser subject to optical injection are investigated both experimentally and numerically. We found that there are parameter regimes for which the slave laser hops into an adjacent longitudinal mode as,ve vary the detuning of the optical frequencies between the master and slave laser. A traveling wave model is used to numerically investigate the mode hopping. Good qualitative agreement is found between the numerical computations and the experimental observations. C1 Univ Arizona, Arizona Ctr Math Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, PL LIDD, Nonlinear Opt Grp, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP White, JK (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Arizona Ctr Math Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1469 EP 1473 DI 10.1109/3.704344 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 101LP UT WOS:000074870700019 ER PT J AU Dhondt, F Barrette, J Rolland, PA AF Dhondt, F Barrette, J Rolland, PA TI Transient analysis of collector current collapse in multifinger HBT's SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND GUIDED WAVE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE current collapse; electrothermal model; HBT; transient analysis ID HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; CURRENT GAIN AB The authors report for the first time a time-domain analysis of thermal instability in multifinger heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT's). This is based on a transient quasi-three-dimensional (3-D) electrothermal model that selfconsistently solves the thermal and electrical equations, This model is designed to evaluate the thermal time constant of GaAs-based power HBT's employing emitter thermal shunt and emitter ballast resistance. C1 IEM, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Dhondt, F (reprint author), IEM, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1051-8207 J9 IEEE MICROW GUIDED W JI IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 8 BP 272 EP 274 DI 10.1109/75.704411 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 102PH UT WOS:000074932700002 ER PT J AU Soref, RA Little, BE AF Soref, RA Little, BE TI Proposed N-wavelength M-fiber WDM crossconnect switch using active microring resonators SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE electroabsorption; electrooptics; integrated optics; optical communications; optical switching AB Novel designs for integrated-optic M x N x M crossconnect switches are presented and analyzed. Arrays of electroabsorptive microring resonators on a semiconductor chip would provide dense wavelength-division-multiplexed switching in a compact, planar, low-voltage, high-speed geometry. Analysis indicates that the crossconnect is scaleable to 8 x 8 x 8 with more than 48-dB signal-to-crosstalk ratio. C1 USAF, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Soref, RA (reprint author), USAF, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 5 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1121 EP 1123 DI 10.1109/68.701522 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA ZZ609 UT WOS:000074747300021 ER PT J AU Spaziani, SM Vaccaro, K Lorenzo, JP AF Spaziani, SM Vaccaro, K Lorenzo, JP TI High-performance substrate-removed InGaAs Schottky photodetectors SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE infrared detectors; photodetectors; photodiodes; Schottky diodes; semiconductor devices; semiconductor epitaxial layers ID SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL PHOTODETECTORS AB High-performance, vertical In0.53Ga0.47 As Schottky diodes are demonstrated. An InP-substrate removal process exposes the underlying surface of lattice-matched epitaxial layers. The newly exposed surface facilitates ohmic contact and simplifies alignment of the optical input to the active detector area. The new process results in low dark current (I-d < 5 pA/mu m(2)) and high responsivity (R >0.70 A/W), A dual-depletion design is utilized in the active layers of the detector resulting in reduced parallel plate capacitance per unit area. Reduced parallel plate and parasitic capacitance results in high bandwidth (f(3) (dB) > 20 GHz) for 900-mu m(2) detectors. Passivation of photodetectors with silicon dioxide is shown to reduce leakage currents by 50%. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Optoelect Technol Branch, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. RP Spaziani, SM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Optoelect Technol Branch, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1144 EP 1146 DI 10.1109/68.701530 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA ZZ609 UT WOS:000074747300029 ER PT J AU Jalali, H Joshi, RP Gaudet, JA AF Jalali, H Joshi, RP Gaudet, JA TI Effects of transverse doping variations on the transient response of silicon avalanche shaper devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE avalanche breakdown; power semiconductor switches; semiconductor device modeling; silicon ID POWER SEMICONDUCTOR SWITCHES; PHOTOCONDUCTIVE SWITCHES; SCHOTTKY CONTACTS; HIGH-VOLTAGE AB Two-dimensional (2-D) drift-diffusion simulations were performed to study the transient response of silicon avalanche shaper (SAS) devices that are used in high-power switching and pulse sharpening applications, The role of transverse doping variations on the transient device response has been studied. Our results clearly reveal a potential for filamentary current conduction. The filamentation, however, is shown to be strongly dependent on the transverse doping characteristics, and hence in principle, could be tailored. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, AFRL,DE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Jalali, H (reprint author), Sperry Marine Inc, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1761 EP 1768 DI 10.1109/16.704376 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 101JZ UT WOS:000074867000019 ER PT J AU Rouse, WB Thomas, BS Boff, KR AF Rouse, WB Thomas, BS Boff, KR TI Knowledge maps for knowledge mining: Application to R & D/technology management SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART C-APPLICATIONS AND REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE information systems; knowledge management; R & D management; technology management ID INFORMATION; DESIGNERS AB Most of the world's archive of knowledge sources remains untouched by those who could greatly benefit from accessing and utilizing this information. The fundamental barriers to access and utilization by these users involve the content and format of this information. These users are not particularly interested in data compilations, research methods, and discussions of related literature. Instead, they are interested in the knowledge available from these sources in terms of concepts and principles that can enhance their planning, decision making, and allocation of resources. This article focuses on meeting these needs via a six-step knowledge mining methodology that relies upon user-oriented knowledge maps, This concept is illustrated in the context of R&D/technology management. C1 Enterprise Support Syst, Norcross, GA 30092 USA. Knowledge Au Courant, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. USAF, Res Lab, AF Mat Command, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Rouse, WB (reprint author), Enterprise Support Syst, Norcross, GA 30092 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1094-6977 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY C JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C-Appl. Rev. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 28 IS 3 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1109/5326.704556 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 104JF UT WOS:000075010400001 ER PT J AU Hubbert, J Bringi, VN Carey, LD Bolen, S AF Hubbert, J Bringi, VN Carey, LD Bolen, S TI CSU-CHILL polarimetric radar measurements from a severe hail storm in eastern Colorado SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED CONVECTIVE STORMS; MULTIPARAMETER RADAR; DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; AIR-FLOW; PRECIPITATION; POLARIZATION; HAILSTORM; RAIN; THUNDERSTORMS; DOPPLER AB Polarimetric radar measurements made by the recently upgraded CSU-CHILL radar system in a severe hailstorm are analyzed permitting for the first rime the combined use of Z(h), Z(DR), linear depolarization ratio (LDR), K-DP, and rho(hv) to infer hydrometeor types. A chase van equipped for manual collection of hail, and instrumented with a raj, gauge, intercepted the storm core for 50 min. The period of golfball sized hail is easily distinguished by high LDR (greater than or equal to -18 dB), negative Z(DR) (less than or equal to -0.5 dB). and low rho(hv) (less than or equal to 0.93) values near the surface. Rainfall accumulation over the entire event (about 40 mm) estimated using K-DP is in excellent agreement with the rain gauge measurement. Limited dual-Doppler synthesis using the CSU-CHILL and Denver WSR-88D radars permit estimates of the horizontal convergence at altitudes less than 3 km above ground level (AGL) at 1747 and 1812 mountain daylight time (MDT). Locations of peak horizontal convergence at these times are centered on well-defined positive Z(DR) columns. Vertical sections of multiparameter radar data at 1812 MDT are interpreted in terms of hydrometeor type. In particular, an enhanced LDR "cap" area on top of the the positive Z(DR) column is interpreted as a region of mixed phase with large drops mixed with partially frozen and frozen hydrometeors. A positive K-DP column on the the western fringe of the main updraft is inferred to be the result of drops (1-2 mm) shed by wet hailstones. Swaths of large hail at the surface (inferred from LDR signatures) and positive Z(DR) at 3.5 km AGL suggest that potential frozen drop embryos are favorably located for growth into large hailstones. Thin section analysis of a sample of the large hailstones shows that 30%-40% have frozen drop embryos. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USAF, Rome Lab, Rome, NY USA. RP Hubbert, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 63 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 749 EP 775 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1998)037<0749:CCPRMF>2.0.CO;2 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 106EK UT WOS:000075116800001 ER PT J AU Sunday, ME Yoder, BA Cuttitta, F Haley, KJ Emanuel, RL AF Sunday, ME Yoder, BA Cuttitta, F Haley, KJ Emanuel, RL TI Bombesin-like peptide mediates lung injury in a baboon model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE radioimmunoassay; monoclonal antibody; oxygenation index; histopathology; proliferating cell nuclear antigen ID GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; HYALINE-MEMBRANE DISEASE; PULMONARY NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; FETAL LUNG; GENE-EXPRESSION; MATURATION INUTERO; PRETERM RABBIT; GROWTH; INFANTS AB The etiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of infants surviving respiratory distress syndrome, remains fundamentally enigmatic. BPD is decreasing in severity but continues to be a major problem in pediatric medicine, being especially prevalent among very premature infants. Increased numbers of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells containing bombesin-like peptide (BLP) have been reported to occur in human infants with BPD. We tested the hypothesis that BLP mediates BPD using the hyperoxic baboon model. Urine BLP levels increased soon after birth only in 100% O-2-treated 140-d animals which developed BPD, correlating closely with severity of subsequent chronic lung disease. Similar elevations in urine BLP were observed in the 125-d baboon "interrupted gestation" model of BPD. Postnatal administration of anti-BLP antibody attenuated clinical and pathological evidence of chronic lung disease in the hyperoxic baboon model. Urine BLP could be a biological predictor of infants at risk for BPD, and blocking BLP postnatally could be useful for BPD prevention. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pulm Crit Care, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Sunday, ME (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-52636, U10-HL52638] NR 48 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 3 BP 584 EP 594 DI 10.1172/JCI2329 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 109ND UT WOS:000075327900014 PM 9691095 ER PT J AU Dudley, M Raghothamachar, B Guo, Y Huang, XR Chung, H Hurle, DTJ Bliss, DF AF Dudley, M Raghothamachar, B Guo, Y Huang, XR Chung, H Hurle, DTJ Bliss, DF TI The influence of polarity on twinning in zincblende structure crystals: new insights from a study of magnetic liquid encapsulated, Czochralski grown InP single crystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article AB The polarity of {1 1 1} edge facets, anchored to the three-phase boundary (TPB), which give rise to growth-twin nucleation in the shoulder region of a [0 0 1], S-doped, magnetic liquid encapsulated Czochralski (MLEC) grown, InP boule, has been studied by chemical etching and synchrotron X-ray anomalous scattering. Analysis of the results indicates that both the formation of edge facets and the nucleation of twins occur preferentially on {(1) over bar (1) over bar (1) over bar}(P) faces. Of the four possible sets of edge facets, belonging to the {(1) over bar (1) over bar (1) over bar}(P) form, which are oriented so as to be thermodynamically favored to be anchored to the TPB, two of them can give rise to the conversion of a {1 1 5} external shoulder facet to a {(1) over bar (1) over bar (1) over bar}(P) one upon twinning, while the other two can give rise to the conversion of a {1 1 4} external shoulder facet to a {1 1 0} one. In both cases, twinning is only observed when the {(1) over bar (1) over bar (1) over bar}(P) edge facets are anchored to the TPB, in a region where the shoulder angle is close to 74.21 or 70.53 degrees, facilitating the production of the {1 1 5} and {1 1 4} external shoulder facets, respectively, prior to twinning. These observations are discussed in light of calculated surface energies of the various internal and external facets. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Dudley, M (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Raghothamachar, Balaji/B-1094-2008 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 1998 VL 192 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00411-4 PG 10 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 115WG UT WOS:000075688900001 ER PT J AU Carrino, JA Unkel, PJ Miller, ID Bowser, CL Freckleton, MW Johnson, TG AF Carrino, JA Unkel, PJ Miller, ID Bowser, CL Freckleton, MW Johnson, TG TI Large-scale PACS implementation SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Computer-Applications-in-Radiology CY JUN 04-07, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol (SCAR), Amer Coll Radiol (ACR) AB The transition to filmless radiology is a much more formidable task than making the request for proposal to purchase a (Picture Archiving and Communications System) PACS. The Department of Defense and the Veterans Administration have been pioneers in the transformation of medical diagnostic imaging to the electronic environment, Many civilian sites are expected to implement large-scale PACS in the next five to ten years. This presentation will relate the empirical insights gleaned at our institution from a large-scale PACS implementation. Our PACS integration was introduced into a fully operational department (not a new hospital) in which work flow had to continue with minimal impact. Impediments to user acceptance will be addressed. The critical components of this enormous task will be discussed, The topics covered during this session will include issues such as phased implementation, DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) standard-based interaction of devices, hospital information system (HIS)/radiology information system (RIS) interface, user approval, networking, workstation deployment and backup procedures. The presentation will make specific suggestions regarding the implementation team, operating instructions, quality control (QC), training and education. The concept of identifying key functional areas is relevant to transitioning the facility to be entirely on line. Special attention must be paid to specific functional areas such as the operating rooms and trauma rooms where the clinical requirements may not match the PACS capabilities. The printing of films may be necessary for certain circumstances. The integration of teleradiology and remote clinics into a PACS is a salient topic with respect to the overall role of the radiologists providing rapid consultation. A Web-based server allows a clinician to review images and reports on a desk-top (personal) computer and thus reduce the number of dedicated PACS review workstations. This session will focus on effective strategies for a seamless transition. Critical issues involve maintaining a good working relationship with the vendor, cultivating personnel readiness and instituting well-defined support systems. Success depends on the ability to integrate the institutional directives, user expectations and available technologies. A team approach is mandatory for success. Copyright (C) 1998 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MTRD, Med Div Wing 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Joint Imaging Technol Project Off, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Carrino, JA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MTRD, Med Div Wing 59, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 SU 1 BP 3 EP 7 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 111NH UT WOS:000075443600002 PM 9735422 ER PT J AU Baughn, JW Mayhew, JE Anderson, MR Butler, RJ AF Baughn, JW Mayhew, JE Anderson, MR Butler, RJ TI A periodic transient method using liquid crystals for the measurement of local heat transfer coefficients SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE experimental; heat transfer; measurement techniques; periodic; transient C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Baughn, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 772 EP 777 DI 10.1115/1.2824349 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 119RR UT WOS:000075911400028 ER PT J AU Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF AF Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF TI Microstructural factors influencing the properties of high surface area molybdenum nitride films converted from molybdenum trioxide films deposited via solution spray pyrolysis SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CATALYSTS; OXIDATION; ACID; HYDRODENITROGENATION; ELECTROCHROMISM; TUNGSTEN; MO2N AB Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) films, 15 mu m thick, have been deposited on 50 mu m thick polycrystalline titanium substrates from 250 to 500 degrees C via liquid spray pyrolysis, Molybdenum pentachloride (MoCl5) dissolved in methanol was used as the molybdenum source; ambient conditions provided the oxygen source. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data indicated that amorphous MoO3 films were produced at deposition temperatures below 400 degrees C, Randomly orientated polycrystalline MoO3 films were produced at 400 degrees C and higher deposition temperatures. The deposition temperature also influenced the surface area of the films and their average grain size. Subsequent conversion of the MoO3 films to high surface area (HSA) conductive films containing both gamma-Mo2N and delta-MoN was accomplished via programmed reactions with anhydrous NH3 and involved the formation of MoO2 and MoOxN1-x as intermediate phases. The degree of crystallinity, surface area, and average grain size of the MoO3 films strongly influenced the average grain size and surface area of the resultant MoxN films. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USAF, Res Labs, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Roberson, SL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2237 EP 2244 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0313 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 104AC UT WOS:000074989200030 ER PT J AU Clark, WJ Broumand, V Ruskin, JD Davenport, WL AF Clark, WJ Broumand, V Ruskin, JD Davenport, WL TI Erythematous, granular, soft tissue lesion of the gingiva SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID WEGENERS GRANULOMATOSIS C1 Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Ruskin, JD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, JHMHC Box 100416, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 56 IS 8 BP 962 EP 967 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90659-0 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 109BM UT WOS:000075301400014 PM 9710191 ER PT J AU Khan, AM Shabarek, FM Zwischenberger, JB Warner, BW Cheu, HW Jaksic, T Goretsky, MJ Meyer, TA Doski, J Lally, KP AF Khan, AM Shabarek, FM Zwischenberger, JB Warner, BW Cheu, HW Jaksic, T Goretsky, MJ Meyer, TA Doski, J Lally, KP TI Utility of daily head ultrasonography for infants on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; head ultrasonography; intracranial hemorrhage ID LIFE-SUPPORT ORGANIZATION; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE; COLLECTIVE EXPERIENCE; ECMO; ULTRASOUND; EVOLUTION; FAILURE AB Background/Purpose: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a major concern during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Daily cranial ultrasonography has been used by many ECMO centers as a diagnostic tool for both detecting and following ICH while infants are on bypass. The purpose of this patient review was to look at the usefulness of performing daily cranial ultrasonography (HUS) in infants on ECMO in detecting intraventricular hemorrhage of a magnitude sufficient to alter patient treatment. Methods: The authors reviewed retrospectively all of the records of all neonates treated with ECMO at the Hermann Children's Hospital,Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, and Texas Children's Hospital between February 1986 to March 1995. Two hundred ninety-eight patients we re placed on ECMO during this period. All patients had HUS before, and daily while on ECMO, and all were reviewed by the staff radiologists. A total of 2,518 HUS examinations were performed. Results: Fifty-two of 298 patients (17.5%) had an intraventricular hemorrhage seen on ultrasound scan. Nine of 52 patients (17.3%) had an ICH seen on the initial HUS examination before ECMO, all of which were grade I, and 43 of 52 patients (82.7%) had ICH while on ECMO. Of these ICH, 15 were grade I, 10 were grade 11, 10 were grade III, and eight were grade IV. Forty of these ICH (93%) were diagnosed by HUS during the first 5 days of the ECMO course. Seven hundred eighty-six HUS were performed after day 5, at an estimated cost of $300,000 to $450,000 (charges), demonstrating three new intraventricular hemorrhages, one grade I, and one grade IV on day 7 and one grade 1 on day 8. Eight patients were taken off ECMO because of ICH diagnosed within the first 5 days. One patient was taken off ECMO because of ICH diagnosed after 5 days. This patient had clinical symptoms suggestive of ICH. Conclusions:Almost all ICH occur during the fi rst 5 days of an ECMO course. Unless there is a clinical suspicion, it is not cost effective to perform HUS after the fifth day on ECMO, because subsequent HUS examinations are unlikely to yield information significant enough to alter management. Copyright (C) 1998 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Hermann Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Lally, KP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Surg, 6431 Fannin,5-258, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1229 EP 1232 DI 10.1016/S0022-3468(98)90156-7 PG 4 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 110DP UT WOS:000075365100009 PM 9721992 ER PT J AU Staal, MA Greene, RL AF Staal, MA Greene, RL TI Classification accuracy in the measurement of MMPI/MMPI-2: Profile similarity SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID MMPI; ELEVATION; SCATTER; SHAPE; CONFIGURATIONS; COMPARABILITY; SAMPLE AB The classification of "well-defined" and "nonrestrictive" MMPI-2 codetypes has be come a recent topic of debate in the field. An empirical assessment of similarity algorithms incorporating aspects of elevation, shape, and scatter measurement was conducted using both well-defined and nonrestrictive MMPI and MMPI-2 profiles. Discriminant analysis clearly was the most accurate at classifying the different codetype profiles examined, a performance unparalleled by Cattell's rp, Osgood and Suci's D-2, Or the K-means iterative-partitioning method. The ability of the three remaining measures to differentiate and classify a given profile depended largely on the codetype being investigated and whether nonrestrictive or well-defined data were used. Differences in classification accuracy between MMPI and MMPI-2 profiles are discussed, as well as the empirical comparability between the different algorithms. C1 Pacific Grad Sch Psychol, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Staal, MA (reprint author), 377th MDOS SGOMH, 1951 2nd St SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 71 IS 1 BP 70 EP 83 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa7101_5 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 132KQ UT WOS:000076629300005 ER PT J AU Romo-Uribe, A Mather, PT Haddad, TS Lichtenhan, JD AF Romo-Uribe, A Mather, PT Haddad, TS Lichtenhan, JD TI Viscoelastic and morphological behavior of hybrid styryl-based polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) copolymers SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE hybrid polymers; rheology; reptation; silsesquioxane polymers ID THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; POLYMERS; DYNAMICS; CHAIN; REPTATION; NETWORKS; SYSTEMS AB We report on the viscoelastic behavior of linear thermoplastic nonpolar hybrid inorganic-organic polymers. These materials have been synthesized through copolymerization of an oligomeric inorganic macromer with 4-methylstyrene where the inorganic portion of the material is a well-defined polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS), R-7(Si8O12)(CH2CH2C6H4CH=CH2), with R = c-C6H11 Or c-C5H9 A series of 4-methyl styrene copolymers with approximately 4, 8, and 16 mol % POSS macromer incorporation were investigated. Rheological measurements show that the polymer dynamics are profoundly affected as the percent of POSS increases. In particular, a high-temperature rubbery plateau develops (where a terminal zone is not observed), despite the fact that the parent poly 4-methylstyrene is unentangled. It is also observed that the thermal properties are influenced as the percent of POSS incorporation increases, with increases in the glass and decomposition temperatures. The results suggest that interchain interactions between the massive inorganic groups are responsible for the retardation of polymer chain motion, a mechanism similar to the "sticky reptation" model conceived for hydrogen-bonded elastomers and developed by Leibler et al. [Macromolecules, 24, 4701 (1991)]. Control over the interchain interactions would also give rise to the observed increases in glass transition and the establishment of a rubbery plateau. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, AFRL,Systran Corp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, AFRL,PRSM, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, AFRL,Systran Corp, MLBP Bldg 654,2941 P St,Suite 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 45 TC 226 Z9 229 U1 5 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 EI 1099-0488 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1857 EP 1872 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199808)36:11<1857::AID-POLB7>3.3.CO;2-7 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ZY283 UT WOS:000074604600007 ER PT J AU Whiteley, MR Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC AF Whiteley, MR Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC TI Optimal modal wave-front compensation for anisoplanatism in adaptive optics SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID LASER GUIDE STARS; PHASE-EXPANSION COEFFICIENTS; TILT MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE; FINITE OUTER SCALE; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ZERNIKE POLYNOMIALS; ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES; SPATIAL CORRELATION; PERFORMANCE; DISTORTION AB We examine how modal aberration measurements degraded by turbulence-induced anisoplanatism may be used to optimally conjugate atmospheric phase aberrations. By examining the form of the aperture-averaged mean square residual phase error, we show that atmospheric compensation is suboptimal when the measured coefficients from off-axis or finite-altitude guide stars are applied directly. The optimal compensation is obtained only when conjugate phase coefficients are estimated, given the guide-star measurements and knowledge of the spatial correlation of the on-axis and measured phase coefficients, by use of a minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) estimator. The form of this estimator is outlined, thus motivating the need to quantify the spatial cross correlation of the Zernike coefficients of the phase aberrations. With a knowledge of the modal cross correlation, we show that wave-front compensation performance can be enhanced by use of the MMSE estimator over use of the beacon measurements directly for all orders of correction. For high-order off-axis natural-guide-star correction, equivalent imaging performance is obtained at a beacon offset 10% larger than when beacon measurements are used directly. For high-order laser-guide-star correction, equivalent imaging performance is obtained at laser-guide-star altitudes 20% lower when the MMSE estimator is employed. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Whiteley, MR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 15 IS 8 BP 2097 EP 2106 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.15.002097 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 104KJ UT WOS:000075013200013 ER PT J AU Ghebremichael, F Kuzyk, MG Singer, KD Andrews, TH AF Ghebremichael, F Kuzyk, MG Singer, KD Andrews, TH TI Relationship between the second-order microscopic and macroscopic nonlinear optical susceptibilities of poled dye-doped polymers SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We model the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of axially ordered and poled dye-doped polymers. The bulk polarization is derived under the assumptions of addibility of the microscopic polarizations of the nonlinear moieties and the dipole approximation. The calculations provide correction terms to the model by Singer, Kuzyk, and Sohn [J. Opt. Sec. Am. B 4, 968 (1987)]. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America [S0740-3224(98)00108-8] OCIS codes: 190.4710, 190.4400, 310.6860, 160.4330, 160.4890. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Youngstown State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Youngstown, OH 44555 USA. RP Ghebremichael, F (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RI Singer, Kenneth/G-6553-2011; OI Kuzyk, Mark/0000-0003-3609-9754 NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 15 IS 8 BP 2294 EP 2297 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.002294 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 108LP UT WOS:000075268100013 ER PT J AU Teichman, JMH Vassar, GJ Glickman, RD Beserra, CM Cina, SJ Thompson, IM AF Teichman, JMH Vassar, GJ Glickman, RD Beserra, CM Cina, SJ Thompson, IM TI Holmium : YAG lithotripsy: Photothermal mechanism converts uric acid calculi to cyanide SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE holmium; lithotripsy, laser; uric acid, calculi ID LASER; INGESTION AB Purpose: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy fragments stones through a photothermal mechanism. Uric acid when heated is known to be converted into cyanide, We test the hypothesis that holmium: YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi produces cyanide. Materials and Methods: Human calculi of known uric acid composition were irradiated with holmium:YAG energy in water. Stones received a total holmium:YAG energy of 0 (control), 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 or 1.25 kJ. The water in which lithotripsy was performed was analyzed for cyanide concentration. A graph was constructed to relate holmium:YAG energy to cyanide production. Results: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi in vitro produced cyanide consistently. Cyanide production correlated with total holmium:YAG energy (p <0.001). Conclusions: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi risks production of cyanide. This study raises significant safety issues. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Off Epidemiol & Toxicol, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Teichman, JMH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 24 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 320 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62883-0 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200004 PM 9679869 ER PT J AU Bishoff, JT Motley, G Optenberg, SA Stein, CR Moon, KA Browning, SM Sabanegh, E Foley, JP Thompson, IM AF Bishoff, JT Motley, G Optenberg, SA Stein, CR Moon, KA Browning, SM Sabanegh, E Foley, JP Thompson, IM TI Incidence of fecal and urinary incontinence following radical perineal and retropubic prostatectomy in a national population SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatectomy; fecal incontinence; urinary incontinence; prostatic neoplasms ID PELVIC LYMPHADENECTOMY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SYMPTOM; CANCER AB Purpose: Since 1991 we have performed more than 300 anatomical radical perineal prostatectomies at Brooke Army and Wilford Hall Medical Centers, and were initially aware of 8 patients who presented with unsolicited postoperative fecal incontinence. We determined the incidence of fecal and urinary incontinence following radical prostatectomy, defined parameters to identify patients at risk for fecal complaints following radical prostatectomy, and estimated the impact of fecal incontinence on lifestyle and activities. Materials and Methods: Initially a validated 26-question telephone survey was used to evaluate 227 patients who had previously undergone radical prostatectomy at 1 of our 2 institutions. Based on results of the telephone survey a national survey was mailed to 1,200 radical prostatectomy patients randomly selected from a nationwide database of Department of Defense health care system beneficiaries. All patients had undergone radical perineal or retropubic prostatectomy at least 12 months before being contacted for the survey. Results: Responses to the telephone survey from 227 patients revealed that fecal incontinence was a problem after radical retropubic (5%) and perineal (18%) prostatectomy and less than 50% of those with fecal incontinence had told the physician. Our mail survey (response rate 80% and 78% usable for analysis, 784 radical perineal and 123 perineal) strongly indicated that fecal incontinence after radical prostatectomy is a problem nationwide. Frequency of fecal incontinence (daily, weekly, monthly or less than monthly occurrences) was significantly higher among radical perineal (3, 9, 3 and 16%) compared to retropubic prostatectomy (2, 5, 3, and 8%) patients (p = 0.002). Fecal incontinence had a significant negative effect on patient social or entertainment activities (p = 0.029), and travel and vacation plans (p = 0.043). Radical perineal compared to retropubic prostatectomy patients were more likely to wear a pad for stool leakage (p = 0.013), experienced more accidents (p = 0.001), had larger amounts of stool leakage (p = 0.002) and had less formed stools (p = 0.001). Of radical perineal prostatectomy patients only 14% and of retropubic only 7% with fecal incontinence had ever told a health care provider about it, even when the incontinence was severe. Responses to our survey concerning urinary incontinence showed that radical perineal prostatectomy patients had a lower rate of urinary incontinence immediately after prostatectomy compared to retropubic (79 versus 85%, p = 0.043). A higher proportion of perineal patients reported that all urinary leakage had ceased, that is full continence had returned (perineal 70%, retropubic 53%, p = 0.001). A smaller proportion of perineal patients found it necessary to wear a pad to protect from urinary incontinence (perineal 39%, retropubic 56%, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Fecal incontinence following radical prostatectomy occurs more frequently than previously recognized. In general fecal incontinence among radical perineal and retropubic prostatectomy patients surpasses the expected incidence rate of 4% for this age group (60 to 70 years) but incidence is significantly higher for radical perineal prostatectomy patients. However, radical perineal prostatectomy patients have a significantly lower incidence of urinary incontinence than those treated with retropubic prostatectomy. Surgeons who perform radical retropubic and perineal prostatectomy should be aware of the possibility of fecal and/or urinary incontinence and associated symptoms. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bishoff, JT (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 2200 Berquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 16 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 454 EP 458 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62924-0 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200045 PM 9679897 ER PT J AU McGlasson, DL Brickey, DA Doe, RH AF McGlasson, DL Brickey, DA Doe, RH TI Oral anticoagulant therapy and international normalized ratios in swine SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VALUES AB While monitoring coagulation testing in Yucatan miniature swine being given oral anticoagulants, we noticed instances of high international normalized ratios (INR) without clinical complications in our animal model. All pigs (n = 17) weighed approximately 35.2 kg and were dosed daily with 2 to 3 mg of coumadin. Plasma samples were obtained and assayed for prothrombin time (PT), calculated INR, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at baseline, and after 7 and 14 days of coumadin therapy. Results of initial testing indicated high INR values after anticoagulation and short APTT values at baseline, which led us to consider the activity of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors in the pig. This information was not available in literature concerning this strain of swine, and was surprising given that pigs are frequently used cardiac research models. Using the same plasma samples, we repeated the PT, INR, and APTT determinations using different reagents and a different analyzer. We also determined activities of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X. Large PT and INR differences were seen between the two instrument/reagent combinations, possibly due to the differences in the thromboplastins used and differences in the photo-optic versus manual clot-detection method of the instruments, Vitamin K-dependent factors in all pigs responded to coumadin by decreasing to <30.0% activity, except for factor IX. The high INR values were not as pronounced when the second instrument/reagent combination was used, and the results seemed more in line with the animals' clinical condition. With this instrument/reagent combination, the pig can be considered a good model for research requiring oral anticoagulant medication. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Invest HSRL, CLS NCA, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. 554th Med Grp, Nellis AFB, NV USA. RP McGlasson, DL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Invest HSRL, CLS NCA, 1255 Wilford Hall Loop, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 48 IS 4 BP 371 EP 373 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 115HW UT WOS:000075659200012 PM 10090045 ER PT J AU Ruby, CL Brigham, JC AF Ruby, CL Brigham, JC TI Can criteria-based content analysis distinguish between true and false statements of African-American speakers? SO LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL ABUSE; INTERVIEW; CREDIBILITY; ADULTS AB The Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) technique is the core component of the Statement Validity Assessment (SVA), an interviewing process that attempts to judge allegations of child sexual abuse for truthfulness. As the nucleus of the SVA, the CBCA has been promoted as a way to detect truth by analyzing the verbal content of such an allegation. However all conclusions of the CBCA's usefulness as an indicator of truth have been based on European and/or White perspectives, and this is the first study to address the implications of probable differences of verbal content meaning across ethnic groups. The results failed to support the hypotheses that Black speakers' truthful statements contained fewer criteria than Whites' statements, or that CBCA training would only enhance truth detection of White speakers. First, in contrast to earlier work, the present study found that, despite the fact that true and false statements contained criteria to differing degrees, the total number of CBCA criteria in an adult's statement was uncorrelated with truthfulness for statements made by Blacks or by Whites. A discriminant analysis showed that CBCA verbal content criteria did, in fact, have different significance for Whites than for Blacks. Certain CBCA criteria were stronger predictors of truth for one ethnic group than for the other: It is suggested that more research is needed before the CBCA is relied upon in criminal investigations. C1 Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Ruby, CL (reprint author), HQ AFOSI XOGP, 1535 Command Dr,Suite B307, Andrews AFB, MD 20762 USA. EM brigham@psy.fsu.edu NR 28 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0147-7307 J9 LAW HUMAN BEHAV JI Law Hum. Behav. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 4 BP 369 EP 388 DI 10.1023/A:1025766825429 PG 20 WC Law; Psychology, Social SC Government & Law; Psychology GA 108FZ UT WOS:000075256600002 ER PT J AU Carlson, JL AF Carlson, JL TI From basin to peak: An explorer's companion to the Colorado New Mexico San Juan Basin. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USAF, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 USA. RP Carlson, JL (reprint author), USAF, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 123 IS 13 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 108XR UT WOS:000075291800242 ER PT J AU Miller, JO Nelson, BL Reilly, CH AF Miller, JO Nelson, BL Reilly, CH TI Efficient multinomial selection in simulation SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE multinomial; ranking and selection; simulation AB Consider a simulation experiment consisting of upsilon independent vector replications across k systems, where in any given replication one system is selected as the best performer (i.e., it wins). Each system has an unknown constant probability of winning in any replication and the numbers of wins for the individual systems follow a multinomial distribution. The classical multinomial selection procedure of Bechhofer, Elmaghraby, and Morse (Procedure BEM) prescribes a minimum number of replications, denoted as upsilon*, so that the probability of correctly selecting the true best system (PCS) meets or exceeds a prespecified probability. Assuming that larger is better, Procedure BEM selects as best the system having the largest value of the performance measure in more replications than any other system. We use these same upsilon* replications across k systems to form (upsilon*)(k) pseudoreplications that contain one observation from each system, and develop Procedure AVC ((A) under bar ll (V) under bar ector (C) under bar omparisons) to achieve a higher PCS than with Procedure BEM. For specific small-sample cases and via a large-sample approximation we show that the PCS with Procedure AVC exceeds the PCS with Procedure BEM. We also show that with Procedure AVC we achieve a given PCS with a smaller upsilon than the upsilon* required with Procedure BEM. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 459-482, 1998. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Ind Engn & Management Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Miller, JO (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Nelson, Barry/B-7490-2009 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0894-069X J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 5 BP 459 EP 482 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6750(199808)45:5<459::AID-NAV2>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 24 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 103JP UT WOS:000075154000002 ER PT J AU Grissom, TE Farmer, JC AF Grissom, TE Farmer, JC TI Ongoing education of the non-CCM physician: Fundamental Critical Care Support (FCCS) course and other methods SO NEW HORIZONS-THE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF ACUTE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE fundamental critical care education; nonintensivist critical care education; Fundamental Critical Care Support (FCCS); skills station training; critical care core knowledge base ID AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRY; CRITICAL INCIDENTS; FAMILY PHYSICIANS; LIFE; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM; SKILLS; ANESTHESIOLOGISTS AB Direct medical care of critically ill patients is shared by a large number of providers from widely disparate backgrounds. These differences include, but are not Limited to, the following: a) scope of practice (e.g., nurse, nurse-practitioner, physician assistant, and physicians from all clinical disciplines; b) level of expertise, e.g., facility with invasive procedures and their indications; c) and clinical knowledge base and experience, e.g., fund of knowledge, prompt recognition of disease entities, and life-threatening complications. In every one of these circumstances, the over-arching determinants of quality and consistency of ICU patient care are education and communication. However, "standardized" education for noncritical care medicine physicians and ether ICU providers can be particularly challenging This article discusses a variety of ongoing efforts intended to meet some of these needs (e.g., Fundamental Critical Care Support course), as well as some prominently discussed clinical shortcomings that are wholly or in part ascribed to incomplete critical care medicine educational efforts. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Crit Care Directorate, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Farmer, JC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Crit Care Directorate, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1063-7389 J9 NEW HORIZ-SCI PRACT JI New Horiz.-Sci. Pract. Acute Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 6 IS 3 BP 300 EP 306 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 126YP UT WOS:000076323200013 ER PT J AU Redding, SW Callander, NS Haveman, CW Leonard, DL AF Redding, SW Callander, NS Haveman, CW Leonard, DL TI Treatment of oral chronic graft-versus-host disease with PUVA therapy - Case report and literature review SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; LICHEN-PLANUS; CYCLOSPORINE; PSORALEN AB Chronic graft-versus-host disease commonly appears with oral manifestations subsequent to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. These manifestations include leukoplakia, mucosal atrophy, erythema, ulcers, and xerostomia. Some lesions are resistant to treatment with immunosuppressive medications. Ultraviolet A irradiation therapy with oral psoralen has been shown to be effective in treating these resistant lesions. This article presents a review of the literature and a case report. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dent Deans Off, Dept Gen Dent, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USAF, Dent Invest Serv, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Redding, SW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dent Deans Off, Dept Gen Dent, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 86 IS 2 BP 183 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S1079-2104(98)90123-8 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 111GK UT WOS:000075428800011 PM 9720094 ER PT J AU Margetis, D Fikioris, G Myers, JM Wu, TT AF Margetis, D Fikioris, G Myers, JM Wu, TT TI Highly directive current distributions: General theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ANTENNAS; ARRAYS; OPTIMIZATION; FIELD; GAIN AB A theoretical scheme for studying the properties of localized, monochromatic, and highly directive classical current distributions in two and three dimensions is formulated and analyzed. For continuous current distributions, it is shown that maximizing the directivity D in the: far field while constraining C=N/T,where N is the integral of the square of the magnitude of the current density and T is proportional to the total radiated power, leads to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind for the optimum current. This equation is a useful analytical tool for studying currents that produce optimum directivities above the directivity of a uniform distribution. Various consequences of the present formulation are examined analytically for essentially arbitrary geometries of the current-carrying region. In particular, certain properties of the optimum directivity are derived and differences between the continuous and discrete cases are pointed out. When C-->infinity, the directivity tends to infinity monotonically, in accord with Oseen's "Einstein needle radiation." C1 Harvard Univ, Gordon Mckay Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Margetis, D (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Gordon Mckay Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 1998 VL 58 IS 2 BP 2531 EP 2547 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.58.2531 PN B PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 110LW UT WOS:000075381500066 ER PT J AU Millard, MW Yaney, PP Ganguly, BN DeJoseph, CA AF Millard, MW Yaney, PP Ganguly, BN DeJoseph, CA TI Mode laser adsorption measurements of metastable helium in glow discharges SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; DIODE AB A laser-based technique for accurate measurement of the population density profiles of the 2(3)S(1) helium metastable in a parallel-plate, glow discharge is described. The system utilizes a distributed-Bragg-reflector diode laser operating at 1083 nm to perform absorption measurements on the 2(3)S(1) --> 2(3)P(J) transitions of helium. The narrow bandwidth (<3 MHz) of the laser permits simultaneous measurement of the line-integrated metastabte density and gas temperature. Axial and radial distributions of the triplet line-integrated metastable density were measured in normal and abnormal glow discharges. Current densities ranging from 8 mu A cm(-2) (normal glow) to 175 mu A cm(-2) (abnormal glow) were used at static gas pressures of 2 and 5 Torr. Abel inversion of the data provided a spatial distribution of the 2(3)S(1) metastable density that shows a region that has near one-dimensional character. The location of the peak triplet metastable density in the plasma was displaced from the peak of the negative glow emission towards the anode. Axial profiles of triplet metastable density gave values from 5 x 10(9) to 1.2 x 10(11) cm(-3) for current densities of 8 to 175 mu A cm(-2), respectively. C1 Univ Dayton, Ctr Electroopt, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Millard, MW (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Ctr Electroopt, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/7/3/017 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 114KK UT WOS:000075608000016 ER PT J AU Sanders, TG Linares, R Su, A AF Sanders, TG Linares, R Su, A TI Rheumatoid nodule of the foot: MRI appearances mimicking an indeterminate soft tissue mass SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MRI; foot; rheumatoid nodule; mass-deep ID MANIFESTATIONS; BONE AB Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules occur commonly in advanced cases of rheumatoid arthritis, but only rarely appear in the feet. We present a case of a subcutaneous rheumatoid nodule arising in the heel pad of a 68-year-old man with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis, along with a review of the literature. The appearance of the mass on MRI is illustrated and correlated with the histologic findings. The MRI appearance of a subcutaneous rheumatoid nodule is that of a nonspecific ill-defined mass with long T1- and long T2-relaxation times. A differential diagnosis for similar appearing masses is offered. C1 David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. RP Sanders, TG (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 27 IS 8 BP 457 EP 460 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 119CZ UT WOS:000075879000009 PM 9765141 ER PT J AU Wech, BA Mossholder, KW Steel, RP Bennett, N AF Wech, BA Mossholder, KW Steel, RP Bennett, N TI Does work group cohesiveness affect individuals' performance and organizational commitment? A cross-level examination SO SMALL GROUP RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Conference of the Southern-Management-Association CY 1997 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP SO Management Assoc ID TASK INTERDEPENDENCE; SATISFACTION; PRODUCTIVITY; COMPETENCE; COHESION; BEHAVIOR; METAANALYSIS; DIMENSIONS; FEEDBACK; CONTEXT AB Using a cross-level framework, the authors hypothesized that work group cohesiveness and perceived task competence would be associated with individual group members' performance and organizational commitment. Specifically, the authors tested whether perceived task competence was positively related to performance and organizational commitment and whether work group cohesiveness would explain variance in performance and organizational commitment beyond what was explained by perceived task competence. Fi,nr hundred and seventy-one Air Force and civilian employees representing 71 groups from several sites across the United Stares were used to lest the hypotheses. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses produced support for the expected effects. C1 Louisiana State Univ, William W & Catherine M Rucks Dept Management, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Logist & Acquisit Management, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Wech, BA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, William W & Catherine M Rucks Dept Management, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RI Mossholder, Kevin/E-2490-2012; OI Mossholder, Kevin/0000-0002-3145-8757 NR 62 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1046-4964 J9 SMALL GR RES JI Small Group Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 29 IS 4 BP 472 EP 494 DI 10.1177/1046496498294004 PG 23 WC Psychology, Applied; Management; Psychology, Social SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 108DU UT WOS:000075251400004 ER PT J AU Henshaw, TL Herrera, SD Schlie, LAV AF Henshaw, TL Herrera, SD Schlie, LAV TI Temperature dependence of the NCl(a(1)Delta)+I(P-2(3/2)) reaction from 300 to 482 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; RATE CONSTANTS; NCL; DECOMPOSITION; NF(A1-DELTA); KINETICS; RADICALS; 1-DELTA; STATES AB The total quenching rate of NCl(a(1)Delta) metastables by ground-state I(P-2(3/2)) atoms over the temperature range 297-473 K has been studied in a flow reactor. The room-temperature rate coefficient is (2.1 +/- 0.4) x 10(-11) cm(3)/(molecule s). In this temperature range, the temperature dependence for the total quenching rate is described by an Arrhenius expression of k(T) = 1.1 x 10(-10) exp(-519 +/- 143 K/T) cm(3)/(molecule s). The rate coefficient for the energy transfer of NCl(a(1)Delta) to I*(P-2(1/2)) at 300 K is (1.5 +/- 0.7) x 10(-11) cm(3)/(molecule s), which is in good agreement with a previous measurement. The magnitude of the energy transfer rate implies a large fraction of the I(P-2(3/2)) is converted to I*(P-2(1/2)), and the NCl(a(1)Delta) + I(P-2(3/2)) reaction is an efficient source of I*(P-2(1/2)). Under the current experimental conditions, a simple kinetic model that simulated the experimental time histories of NF(a(1)Delta) and NCl(a(1)Delta) infers the Cl + N-3 rate coefficient of (1.6 +/- 0.4) x 10(-11) cm(3)/(molecules s) and is slower than previously measured. C1 USAF, Phillips Lab, Laser & Imaging Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Henshaw, TL (reprint author), USAF, Phillips Lab, Laser & Imaging Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 30 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 31 BP 6239 EP 6246 DI 10.1021/jp972760a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108QT UT WOS:000075277500008 ER PT J AU Efrima, S Bronk, BV AF Efrima, S Bronk, BV TI Silver colloids impregnating or coating bacteria SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE; SCATTERING; CHEMISTRY AB We produce silver nanocolloids selectively within and on Escherichia coli bacteria. Silver preferentially concentrates in the bacteria, distributes uniformly within them, or, alternatively, forms a rough coating over them. Oscillations in polarized light scattering vs scattering angle are more pronounced and shift to larger angles, compared to a control that has no silver. Very intense surface-enhanced Raman signals are observed for E. coli with a "wall colloid". The main bands can be associated with peptides and polysaccharides in the cell wall and its membrane. This work was extended to Gram-positive Bacillus megaterium. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. USAF, Res Lab, US ERDEC, SCBRD RT,E5951,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Efrima, S (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, POB 653, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. EM efrima@bgumail.bgu.ac.il NR 31 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 30 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 31 BP 5947 EP 5950 DI 10.1021/jp9813903 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 108QR UT WOS:000075277400002 ER PT J AU Benard, DJ Linnen, C Harker, A Michels, HH Addison, JB Ondercin, R AF Benard, DJ Linnen, C Harker, A Michels, HH Addison, JB Ondercin, R TI Dissociation of cyanogen azide: An alternative route to synthesis of carbon nitride SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER REACTIONS; SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; RATE CONSTANTS; ION-BEAM; FILMS; LASER; DECOMPOSITION; SPECTROSCOPY; NF(A1-DELTA) AB Solid films composed principally of carbon and nitrogen were grown on a variety of substrates at ambient temperature in a flow-tube reactor by upstream mixing of cyanogen azide, cyanogen, or cyanogen halides with active nitrogen obtained from an electrical discharge. Ab initio calculations and dependence of deposition rates on both choice of donor and N atom production suggests that NCN radicals are a critical growth species. The films obtained are electrically insulating with a refractive index of 2.3 at visible wavelength and are optically transparent from 550 nm out to at least 14 mu m with the exception of two broad absorption bands centered at 1550 and 3250 cm(-1), the latter band growing in upon exposure of the film to atmospheric moisture. Film analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed comparable concentrations of both carbon-to-nitrogen bonds (with approximate C3N4 stoichiometry) and diamond-like carbon-to-carbon bonds as well as minority bonding of carbon to impurities. C1 Rockwell Int Sci Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91358 USA. United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. USAF, Wright Mat Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Benard, DJ (reprint author), Rockwell Int Sci Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91358 USA. NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 30 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 31 BP 6010 EP 6019 DI 10.1021/jp9818479 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 108QR UT WOS:000075277400013 ER PT J AU Lee, A Lichtenhan, JD AF Lee, A Lichtenhan, JD TI Viscoelastic responses of polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane reinforced epoxy systems SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article AB The properties of nanostructured plastics are determined by complex relationships between the type and size of the nanoreinforcement, the interface, and the chemical interaction between the nanoreinforcement and the polymeric chain, along with macroscopic processing and microstructural effects. Recently, families of mono- and difunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) macromers bearing epoxide groups have been developed. This paper presents an investigation sf the thermal and viscoelastic property enhancements in commonly used model epoxy resins reinforced with monofunctional POSS-epoxy macromers. The glass transitions of these POSS-epoxy nanocomposites were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Small-strain stress relaxations under uniaxial deformation were examined to provide insight into the time-dependent viscoelastic behavior of these nanocomposites. The POSS-epoxy macromers utilized in this study were monofunctional and hence occupied chain terminus points within the network. Nevertheless, they were effective at hindering the molecular motion of the epoxy network junctions. Thus the glass transition temperature, T-g, was observed to increase with increasing weight fraction of the monofunctional POSS-epoxy. The viscoelastic response at temperatures below T-g was examined and was found to correlate to a stretched exponential relaxation function. Time-aging time-superposition was found to be applicable to the data under all test conditions and for all of the materials used in this study. Surprisingly, the instantaneous modulus was not observed to be affected by incorporation of the POSS nanoreinforcement. This suggests that while POSS cages influence polymer chain motions, including the motion of the molecular junctions, these nanoreinforcements did not participate in the overall deformation of the chains. Experiments performed under identical thermodynamic states, revealed that the molecular level reinforcement provided by the POSS cages also retarded the physical aging process in the glassy state. Therefore, the time required to reach structural equilibrium was longer for samples reinforced with POSS-epoxy than for those of the neat resins. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Mech, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Prop Sci & Adv Concepts Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Lee, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Mech, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 11 TC 310 Z9 326 U1 6 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUL 28 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 15 BP 4970 EP 4974 DI 10.1021/ma9800764 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 106WU UT WOS:000075174800041 ER PT J AU Roggemann, MC Lee, DJ AF Roggemann, MC Lee, DJ TI Two-deformable-mirror concept for correcting scintillation effects in laser beam projection through the turbulent atmosphere SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS SYSTEMS; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; DESIGN AB A two-deformable-mirror concept for correcting scintillation effects in laser beam projection through the turbulent atmosphere is presented. This system uses a deformable mirror and a Fourier-transforming mirror to adjust the amplitude of the wave front in the telescope pupil, similar to kinoforms used in laser beam shaping. A second deformable mirror is used to correct the phase of the wave front before it leaves the aperture. The phase applied to the deformable mirror used for controlling the beam amplitude is obtained with a technique based on the Fienup phase-retrieval algorithm. Simulations of propagation through a single turbulent layer sufficiently distant from the beacon observation and laser beam transmission aperture to cause scintillation shows that, for an ideal deformable-mirror system, this field-conjugation approach improves the on-axis field amplitude by a factor of approximately 1.4 to 1.5 compared with a conventional phase-only correction system. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Starfire Opt Range, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Roggemann, MC (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 22 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 21 BP 4577 EP 4585 DI 10.1364/AO.37.004577 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 100RC UT WOS:000074828300010 PM 18285913 ER PT J AU Zelmon, DE Small, DL Page, R AF Zelmon, DE Small, DL Page, R TI Refractive-index measurements of undoped yttrium aluminum garnet from 0.4 to 5.0 mu m SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We report measurements of the refractive index of undoped yttrium aluminum garnet from 0.4 to 5.0 mu m and the calculation of Sellmeier coefficients based on our data. The data differ considerably from previously published reports. The effect of the new data on the design of optical devices such as intracavity etalons for lasers is discussed. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLPO, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zelmon, DE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, MLPO, Mat Directorate, 3005 P St,Suite 6, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 8 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 21 BP 4933 EP 4935 DI 10.1364/AO.37.004933 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 100RC UT WOS:000074828300058 PM 18285961 ER PT J AU Jacobs, LO Andrews, TC Pederson, DN Donovan, DJ AF Jacobs, LO Andrews, TC Pederson, DN Donovan, DJ TI Effect of intravenous procainamide on direct-current cardioversion of atrial fibrillation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Procainamide is of no clinical benefit in the initial attempt at cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Austin Heart PA, Austin, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Div Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Andrews, TC (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 3 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 2 BP 241 EP + DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00294-X PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 101MT UT WOS:000074873300021 PM 9678299 ER PT J AU English, JL Jacobs, LO Green, G Andrews, TC AF English, JL Jacobs, LO Green, G Andrews, TC TI Effect of the menstrual cycle on endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in normal young women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; NITRIC-OXIDE; CORONARY-ARTERIES; ESTROGEN; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; EXPRESSION; MODULATION; DILATATION; RESPONSES; CELLS AB In normal young women, endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation is enhanced when serum estradiol levels are elevated and unopposed by elevated levels of progesterone. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Div Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Andrews, TC (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 19 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 2 BP 256 EP + PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 101MT UT WOS:000074873300027 PM 9678305 ER PT J AU Webb, DF Cliver, EW Gopalswamy, N Hudson, HS St Cyr, OC AF Webb, DF Cliver, EW Gopalswamy, N Hudson, HS St Cyr, OC TI The solar origin of the January 1997 coronal mass ejection, magnetic cloud and geomagnetic storm SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EARTH AB The magnetic cloud and geomagnetic storm on January 10-11, 1997 were associated with a halo-type Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) observed by the SOHO/LASCO coronagraphs near the sun on January 6. We summarize the solar activity related to this CME and the subsequent storm at Earth. This solar activity was remarkably weak and unimpressive. If the wide CME had not been observed, the storm would not have been forecast. Thus this case represents an extreme example of so-called "problem" magnetic storms that lack obvious surface signatures of eruptive solar activity. It supports the view that CMEs involve the destabilization of large-scale coronal structures which may or may not have associated surface activity, and that CMEs, not the surface activity, are the key causal link between solar eruptions and space weather at Earth. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CPI, Naval Res Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229, Japan. Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Newton Ctr, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC USA. Solar Phys Res Corp, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Webb, DF (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RI Gopalswamy, Nat/D-3659-2012 NR 15 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 14 BP 2469 EP 2472 DI 10.1029/98GL00493 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 101UJ UT WOS:000074886300003 ER PT J AU Huang, CY Burke, WJ Gussenhoven, MS Hardy, DA Gentile, LC AF Huang, CY Burke, WJ Gussenhoven, MS Hardy, DA Gentile, LC TI Ionospheric response to magnetic forcing: magnetic cloud passage of October 18-20, 1995 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUBSTORM ACTIVITY; MAGNETOSPHERE AB On October 18-20, 1995 a magnetic cloud was observed, first by the WIND spacecraft upstream in the solar wind, then at the Earth. Inside the cloud, plasma density, velocity and temperature, and magnetic field strength were relatively steady for almost 24 hrs. However, the magnetic field direction rotated slowly from -Z to -Y and finally to +Z (GSE coordinates). This magnetic cloud passage allows us to study the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction under nearly ideal slowly-varying conditions. This paper reports on the nightside ionospheric response to a long interval with B-z < 0 in the interplanetary medium. Temporal variations in the integrated energy deposited in the nightside auroral Bone within 3 hrs of local midnight are similar to variations in epsilon, the energy coupling function, and dissimilar to auroral magnetograms. While substorm effects are observed in the ionospheric electron flux, the integrated energy is dominated by diffuse precipitation at low latitudes. We also find that the integrated energy curve lags the epsilon parameter by 1-2 hrs. This delay represents the time required for convective electric fields to heat particles adiabatically in the plasma sheet. C1 Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Huang, CY (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, 402 St Clements Hall,140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 14 BP 2581 EP 2584 DI 10.1029/98GL00468 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 101UJ UT WOS:000074886300031 ER PT J AU McHarg, MG Hampton, DL Stenbaek-Nielsen, HC AF McHarg, MG Hampton, DL Stenbaek-Nielsen, HC TI Fast photometry of flickering in discrete auroral arcs SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALIGNED ELECTRON FLUX; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; VELOCITY SHEAR; ACCELERATION; PLASMA; FLOW AB We present high speed photometric measurements of the auroral intensity of flickering aurora. These measurements reveal the existence of intensity modulations in the discrete aurora above the Nyquist frequency of standard 30 frame per second TV cameras. The intensity fluctuations observed are primarily below 80 Hz, although frequencies up to 180 Hz have been detected. Changes in the spectral characteristics from essentially band-limited to broadband intensity fluctuations and then to narrowband fluctuations are seen in individual discrete arcs within a few minutes. The center frequency of the observed fluctuations also change during this period. Data obtained from a standard narrow field TV camera observing the same are show that only the low (approximate to 10 Hertz) narrowband modulations would be considered standard flickering aurora. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Phys, DFP, HQ USAFA, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP McHarg, MG (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, DFP, HQ USAFA, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM mchargmg.dfp@usafa.af.mil; dhampton@ball.com; hnielsen@geewiz.gi.alaska.edu NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 14 BP 2637 EP 2640 DI 10.1029/98GL01972 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 101UJ UT WOS:000074886300045 ER PT J AU LePage, JG Alouani, M Dorsey, DL Wilkins, JW Blochl, PE AF LePage, JG Alouani, M Dorsey, DL Wilkins, JW Blochl, PE TI Ab initio calculation of binding and diffusion of a Ga adatom on the GaAs(001)-c(4x4) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; WAVE METHOD AB We have investigated the diffusive behavior of a single Ga adatom on the GaAs(100)-c(4X4) surface by means of the local-density approximation and the all-electron projector augmented wave (PAW) method. The ground-state geometry of the GaAs(100)-c(4 X 4) surface is determined using PAW and is found to agree with experiment and previous calculations. The binding energy for alone Ga adatom on this reconstruction is calculated as a function of surface position. Based on these data we have identified three relatively stable adsorption sites. In order of increasing energy these sites are site 1 at the center of the missing dimer position; site 2 between the dimer rows and adjacent to a center dimer; and site 3 between the dimer rows, adjacent to an edge dimer. The surface diffusion activation energies have also been identified; the smallest is 0.14 eV for the 3-->2 transition, and the largest is 0.45 eV for 2-->3. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations incorporating these data indicate that diffusion on this surface takes place primarily through diffusion pathways that pass through the strongest binding site (site 1). This site effectively controls diffusion in directions both parallel and perpendicular-to the dimer rows. [S6163-1829(98)07627-9]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Strasbourg 1, IPCMS, Strasbourg, France. IBM Res Div, Zurich, Switzerland. RP LePage, JG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Alouani, Mebarek/A-9101-2011; Blochl, Peter/B-3448-2012 OI Alouani, Mebarek/0000-0002-7985-5276; Blochl, Peter/0000-0002-1416-5207 NR 35 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 3 BP 1499 EP 1505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.1499 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 104WT UT WOS:000075039600066 ER PT J AU Arrasmith, WW Roggemann, M Welsh, B AF Arrasmith, WW Roggemann, M Welsh, B TI Optimal wave-front reconstruction for a coherent diffracted field SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; PHASE-DIFFERENCE; LEAST-SQUARES; PERFORMANCE AB Phase differences in the far field of a coherently illuminated object are used to estimate the two-dimensional phase in the measurement plane of an imaging system. A previously derived phase-correlation function is used in a minimum-variance phase-estimation algorithm to map phase-difference measurements optimally to estimates of the phase on a grid of points in the measurement plane. Theoretical and computer-simulation comparisons between the minimum-variance phase estimator and conventional least-squares estimators are made. The minimum-variance phase estimator produces a lower aperture-averaged mean-square phase error for all values of a sampling parameter beta. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USN Acad, Div Engn & Weap, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Grad Sch Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Arrasmith, WW (reprint author), USN Acad, Div Engn & Weap, Stop 14 A,590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Arrasmith, William/G-6949-2016 OI Arrasmith, William/0000-0002-2917-9775 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 20 BP 4457 EP 4467 DI 10.1364/AO.37.004457 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ393 UT WOS:000074724900017 PM 18285897 ER PT J AU Sparks, AG Bernstein, DS AF Sparks, AG Bernstein, DS TI Real robustness bounds using generalized stability multipliers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL LA English DT Article ID UNCERTAINTY AB Sufficient conditions for robust stability using generalized stability multipliers are presented for systems with sector- and norm-bounded, block-structured real uncertainty. Two parametrizations of the multiplier are considered and the robustness criteria are written as linear matrix inequalities. Upper bounds for the peak structured singular value over frequency, which eliminate frequency gridding, are then derived. Numerical examples provide a comparison of the peak upper bounds obtained using the two multiplier parametrizations. These examples show that the conservatism of the peak upper bounds is reduced by increasing the dynamic order of the multiplier. C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, VACC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Sparks, AG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, VACC, 2210 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM sparks@falcon.flight.wpafb.af.mil; dsbaero@engin.umich.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7179 J9 INT J CONTROL JI Int. J. Control PD JUL 10 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 4 BP 651 EP 664 DI 10.1080/002071798222253 PG 14 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA ZU688 UT WOS:000074223400009 ER PT J AU Miller, TM Seeley, JV Knighton, WB Meads, RF Viggiano, AA Morris, RA Van Doren, JM Gu, JD Schaefer, HF AF Miller, TM Seeley, JV Knighton, WB Meads, RF Viggiano, AA Morris, RA Van Doren, JM Gu, JD Schaefer, HF TI Electron attachment to PCl3 and POCl3, 296-552 K SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PFN SERIES; N=1-6; SF6 AB Rate constants for electron attachment to PCI, and POCl3 have been measured over the temperature range 296-552 K in 135 Pa of helium gas, using a flowing-afterglow Langmuir-probe apparatus. Electron attachment to PCI, is dissociative, producing only Cl- ions in this temperature range. The rate constant is 6.4+/-1.6x10(-8) cm(3) s(-1) at 296 K and increases with temperature in a way that may be described by an activation energy of 43+/-10 meV. Electron attachment to POCI3 is a richer process in which a nondissociative channel (POCI3-) competes with two dissociative ones (POCI2- and Cl-). The rate constant for electron attachment to POCI3 is 1.8+/-0.4x10(-7) cm(3) s(-1) at 296 K and is relatively temperature independent in our temperature range. POCI2- is the major product over the entire temperature range. Ab initio MP2 and MP4 calculations have been carried out on ground-state neutral and anionic PCIn and POCIn, for n=1-3. The calculated adiabatic electron affinities agree with experimental estimates where available. The calculations yield C-3v structural symmetries for PCI3 and POCl3, and C-s symmetries-for PCI3- and POCI3- The degree of distortion between the respective neutrals and anions is explored in the calculations, and the implications for electron attachment reactions are outlined. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBP, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Coll Holy Cross, Dept Chem, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Univ Georgia, Ctr Computat Quantum Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Miller, TM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBP, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 2 BP 578 EP 584 DI 10.1063/1.476594 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108FM UT WOS:000075255400026 ER PT J AU Scofield, JD Bletzinger, P Ganguly, BN AF Scofield, JD Bletzinger, P Ganguly, BN TI Oxygen-free dry etching of alpha-SiC using dilute SF6 : Ar in an asymmetric parallel plate 13.56 MHz discharge SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Etch rates of up to 2200 Angstrom/min have been achieved on hexagonal silicon carbide (SIC) using dilute mixtures of SF6:Ar in a standard 13.56 MHz asymmetric parallel plate discharge. Furthermore, these etch rates have been realized with excellent pattern anisotropy profiles of approximately 1 at pressures in the range of 100-350 mTorr and the SF6 fraction at or below 50%. An understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the high etch rates in this simple, dilute, gas mixture can be achieved by considering the electrical characteristics of the radio frequency plasma. The conditions defining maximum etch rates are associated with peak fluorine ion and/or radical production, and can be defined entirely in terms of the relative current-voltage phase shift leading to optimal plasma impedance conditions and ultimately to maximal power deposition into the plasma. In addition, this study shows that the pervasive practice of utilizing oxygenated gas chemistries for SiC etching is not required, as previously thought, for carbon saturation and removal in order to obtain high etch rates, good surface morphology, and reliable pattern definition on SiC. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Scofield, JD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 1 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.1063/1.121728 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PT UT WOS:000075275200026 ER PT J AU Huang, DH Cardimona, DA Singh, A AF Huang, DH Cardimona, DA Singh, A TI Interaction between nonlinear electron waves SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID CHAIN; RESISTANCE AB The linear Schrodinger equation was generalized into a nonlinear equation by including the self-induced repulsive interaction due to the trapping of incident electrons inside a quantum well region, and was solved exactly by using the finite-difference method. Based on the generalized Schrodinger equation, the effects of nonlinearity and electric field on the transmission and bistability of incident electrons were studied using a single-wave model. The interaction between nonlinear electron waves was studied using a two-wave model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL VSSS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Huang, DH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL VSSS, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE,Bldg 426, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUL 6 PY 1998 VL 243 IS 5-6 BP 335 EP 344 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(98)00248-5 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZV511 UT WOS:000074312000016 ER PT J AU Goodall, JL Thomas, SM Spain, JC Peretti, SW AF Goodall, JL Thomas, SM Spain, JC Peretti, SW TI Operation of mixed-culture immobilized cell reactors for the metabolism of meta- and para-nitrobenzoate by Comamonas sp. JS46 and Comamonas sp. JS47 SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Comamonas; nitrobenzoates; bioremediation; immobilized mixed culture ID DEGRADATION; SYSTEM; ACID AB The treatment of meta-and para-nitrobenzoic acid in an industrial wastestream by Comamonas sp. JS46 and Comamonas sp. JS47 is investigated. The most important feature of the wastestream is the constantly changing concentration ratio of the two isomers. The most extreme occurrence is considered here: the complete change in feed carbon source from one isomer to the other. A series of immobilized cell airlift reactor experiments are described to examine the operation and response of the system to these changes in the feed carbon source. Separate reactors containing each species immobilized are compared with a reactor containing both species immobilized within the same bead, and to a reactor containing both species with each species confined to separate beads. On the basis of response time necessary to recover the appropriate activity, the reactor containing both species immobilized within the same bead offers the most effective arrangement. Interactions occurring between the two organisms in the coimmobilized system, mediated by the nitrobenzoate metabolites, are discussed relative to the improved response of this arrangement. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. DuPont Cent Res & Dev, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE USA. AL EQC, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. RP Peretti, SW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM PERETTI@CHE.NCSU.EDU RI Peretti, Steven/D-6878-2013 OI Peretti, Steven/0000-0002-0672-8794 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUL 5 PY 1998 VL 59 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19980705)59:1<21::AID-BIT4>3.0.CO;2-V PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA ZN291 UT WOS:000073631200004 ER PT J AU Berry, RJ Yuan, J Misra, A Marshall, P AF Berry, RJ Yuan, J Misra, A Marshall, P TI Experimental and computational investigations of the reaction of OH with CF3I and the enthalpy of formation of HOI SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-2 THEORY; OZONE DEPLETION; POTENTIALS; ENERGIES; IODINE AB The kinetics of the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with trifluoroiodomethane were investigated by the flash photolysis-resonance fluorescence technique. A rate constant of k = 5.8 x 10(-12) exp((-11,3 kJ mol(-1))/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) was measured over the temperature range 280-450 K with accuracy limits of 20% (450 K) to 30% (280 K). Different product channels were investigated by ab initio methods, and the dominant products are CF3 + HOI. The enthalpy of formation of hypoiodous acid was' analyzed with Gaussian-2 theory, in conjunction with G2 energies for INO, ICN, ClCN, and other species. The transition state and reaction coordinate for OH + CF3I was characterized at the G2(MP2) level, and the results suggest a negligible barrier to the reverse reaction of CF3 + HOI, so that the measured forward activation energy can be used to derive Delta(f)H(298)(HOI) = -69.6 +/- 5.4 kJ mol(-1). The implications of the kinetics and thermochemistry for iodine chemistry in flames and the atmosphere are discussed, and for the range 280-2000 K a proposed rate expression is k = 2.9 x 10(-16)(T/K)(1.5) exp(-(960 K)/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). C1 USAF, Ctr Computat Modeling Nonstruct Mat, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Berry, RJ (reprint author), USAF, Ctr Computat Modeling Nonstruct Mat, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 2 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 27 BP 5182 EP 5188 DI 10.1021/jp980645+ PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZZ640 UT WOS:000074751300005 ER PT J AU Bostwick, JM AF Bostwick, JM TI Pioneering paternity leave in medicine SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Bostwick, JM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 73 IS 7 BP 737 EP 738 DI 10.1097/00001888-199807000-00007 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 101MW UT WOS:000074873600009 PM 9705617 ER PT J AU Shoykhet, B Grinfeld, MA Hazzledine, PM AF Shoykhet, B Grinfeld, MA Hazzledine, PM TI Internal stresses and strains in coherent multilayers SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Coupled Property Issues in Integrated Microstructures CY APR, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA SP Inst Mech & Mat, Acta Metallurg Inc ID DISLOCATIONS; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY; LAYER; ARRAY AB Formulae are given for the strain and stress tensors in a periodic multilayer which may contain any number of layers, each with a different lattice parameter, different elastic constants and different thickness. The layers are assumed to be parallel sided, elastically isotropic and to have a thickness much smaller than the dimensions in the plane of the layers. The results are applied to metal and semiconductor heterostructures which contain equi-biaxial tensions and compressions and to lamellar Ti-Al in which there are additional in-plane shears. A preliminary discussion is given of the loss of coherency in a multilayer with layers of different thicknesses. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Educ Testing Serv, Princeton, NJ 08541 USA. Reliance Elect Co, Cleveland, OH 44117 USA. Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Shoykhet, B (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 11 BP 3761 EP 3766 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00244-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 103GF UT WOS:000075149000007 ER PT J AU Parthasarathy, TA Mendiratta, MG Dimiduk, DM AF Parthasarathy, TA Mendiratta, MG Dimiduk, DM TI Flow behavior of PST and fully lamellar polycrystals of Ti-48Al in the microstrain regime SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Coupled Property Issues in Integrated Microstructures CY APR, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA SP Inst Mech & Mat, Acta Metallurg Inc ID DEFORMATION; CRYSTALS AB The flow behavior of polysynthetically twinned (PST) crystals of a Ti-48Al alloy was studied as a function of orientation in the microstrain regime (from 10(-5) to 2 x 10(-2)) at room temperature to understand the evolution of the anisotropy of flow stress with strain. After resolving the stresses on to the slip systems, the variation of flow stress with orientation was observed to be only 10-15 MPa at near-zero (10(-5)) strain, but it increases rapidly to similar to 70 MPa at 0.2% plastic strain. The stress-strain response had discrete steps, indicating the possible effects of the progressive deformation of lameliae of varying thicknesses within the distribution. The flow behavior of a polycrystalline fully lamellar (FL) alloy of the same composition was also studied in the same strain regime for comparison. The saturation engineering flow stress (0.2%) and the strain-rate sensitivity of the polycrystal were found to be close to those of the 0 degrees orientation of the PST crystals. Combining the data of the hard orientations of the PST material and those of the polycrystal, an apparent Taylor factor for fully lamellar polycrystalline Ti-48Al was determined to be in the range of 3.2-3.8. The results on PST crystals were analyzed and rationalized using a mechanistic model that takes into account the distribution of the lamellar sizes (gamma/gamma and gamma/alpha(2)). The work-hardening rate, the saturation Bow stress of the hard orientations and the Hall-Fetch slopes are all predicted to be sensitive to both the mean and the standard deviation of the lamellar thickness distribution, with dislocation sources from only a fraction of the distribution contributing to the deformation process even at 0.2% plastic strain. Narrower distributions of lamellar spacings are predicted to be beneficial in increasing 0.2% yield strength. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLLM, AFRL,Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Parthasarathy, TA (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011 OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754 NR 19 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 11 BP 4005 EP 4016 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00067-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 103GF UT WOS:000075149000032 ER PT J AU Zha, GC Knight, D Smith, D Haas, M AF Zha, GC Knight, D Smith, D Haas, M TI Numerical simulation of high-speed civil transport inlet operability with angle of attack SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; BLEED AB A high-speed civil transport inlet at Mach 2 and angle of attack is simulated by using a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver with the Baldwin-Lomax algebraic turbulence model. An extrapolation uniform mass bleed boundary condition for the slot bleed is successfully employed. At zero angle of attack and critical operation, the computational pressure distribution agrees well with the experiment. The location and intensity of the terminal shock and the total pressure recovery are accurately computed. The predicted steady-state distortion deviates from the experiment. The computed maximum angle of attack that the inlet can sustain before unstart is in good agreement with the experiment. Mesh refinement results are presented. C1 United Technol Res Ctr, Adv Prop Dept, E Hartford, CT 06180 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ctr Comp Design, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Zha, GC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VAAC, CFD Res STn, Bldg 450,2645 5th St,Suite 7, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 IS 7 BP 1223 EP 1229 DI 10.2514/2.503 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 147VB UT WOS:000077516900013 ER PT J AU Halbert, RJ Bokor, A Castrence-Nazareno, R Parkinson, MD Lewis, CE AF Halbert, RJ Bokor, A Castrence-Nazareno, R Parkinson, MD Lewis, CE TI Competencies for population-based clinical managers - A survey of managed care medical directors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE preventive medicine; managed care programs; graduate medical education; clinical competence ID PREVENTIVE MEDICINE; PHYSICIANS AB Background: The evolution of American health care into integrated systems of delivery and finance requires a specialized set of population-based skills for physicians. The field of preventive medicine represents one source of this expertise. Specific competencies for the emerging area of managerial medicine have not been well delineated. Methods: Using concept documents from the Residency Review Committee for Preventive Medicine and the American Board of Preventive Medicine, a list of Proposed competencies for managerial medicine was identified. Surveys were mailed to medical directors of all members of the American Association of Health Plans and to a random sample of diplomates of the American Board of Preventive Medicine. Respondents were asked to rate the importance of these competencies for a population-oriented clinician manager. Results: Areas rated highly by medical directors included health services research (including outcomes research), quality assurance and improvement, health risk assessment and reduction, programmatic skills, and clinical preventive skills. Responses from preventive medicine specialists were similar, but placed lower emphasis on these skills. Conclusion: Despite its limited response rate, this survey may be useful in the implementation of specialty training in managerial medicine. Residency training programs may choose to emphasize specific content areas that reflect the priorities expressed by physicians actively involved in management. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Prevent Med Residency, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Inter Valley Hlth Plan, Pomona, CA 91769 USA. USAF, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Halbert, RJ (reprint author), Fdn Hlth Syst Inc, Clin Operat, Qual Initiat Div, 21600 Oxnard St,11th Floor, Woodland Hills, CA 91367 USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 15 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00020-8 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA ZV692 UT WOS:000074331500010 PM 9651641 ER PT J AU Kadiyala, V Spain, JC AF Kadiyala, V Spain, JC TI A two-component monooxygenase catalyzes both the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol and the oxidative release of nitrite from 4-nitrocatechol in Bacillus sphaericus JS905 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS SP; DEGRADATION; PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; BIODEGRADATION; INSECTICIDES; SOIL AB Bacteria that metabolize p-nitrophenol (PNP) oxidize the substrate to 3-ketoadipic acid via either hydroquinone or 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (THB); however, initial steps in the pathway for PNP biodegradation via THE are unclear. The product of initial hydroxylation of PNP could be either 4-nitrocatechol or 4-nitroresorcinol, Here we describe the complete pathway for aerobic PNP degradation by Bacillus sphaericus JS905 that was isolated by selective enrichment from an agricultural soil in India. Washed cells of PNP-grown JS905 released nitrite in stoichiometric amounts from PNP and 4-nitrocatechol. Experiments with extracts obtained from PNP-grown cells revealed that the initial reaction is a hydroxylation of PNP to yield 4-nitrocatechol. 4-Nitrocatechol is subsequently oxidized to THE with the concomitant removal of the nitro group as nitrite, The enzyme that catalyzed the two sequential monooxygenations of PNP was partially purified and separated into two components by anion-exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography, Both components were required for NADH-dependent oxidative release of nitrite from PNP or 4-nitrocatechol. One of the components was identified as a reductase based on its ability to catalyze the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol and nitroblue tetrazolium. Nitrite release from either PNP or 4-nitrocatechol was inhibited by the flavoprotein inhibitor methimazole. Our results indicate that the two monooxygenations of PNP to THE are catalyzed by a single two-component enzyme system comprising a flavoprotein reductase and an oxygenase. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Kadiyala, V (reprint author), Sri Krishnadevaraya Univ, Dept Microbiol, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India. NR 32 TC 106 Z9 116 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 64 IS 7 BP 2479 EP 2484 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ZY646 UT WOS:000074644700024 PM 9647818 ER PT J AU Andersen, G Knize, RJ AF Andersen, G Knize, RJ TI Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (vol 37, pg 1849, 1998) SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Correction C1 USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Andersen, G (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Suite 2A6,2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 19 BP 4091 EP 4091 DI 10.1364/AO.37.004091 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZW479 UT WOS:000074415100004 PM 18285845 ER PT J AU Ludwig, DA Krock, LP Doerr, DA Convertino, VA AF Ludwig, DA Krock, LP Doerr, DA Convertino, VA TI Mediating effect of onset rate on the relationship between +Gz and LBNP tolerance and cardiovascular reflexes SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; ARTERIAL BLOOD-PRESSURE; VALSALVA MANEUVER; VAGAL BAROREFLEX; ACCELERATION; RESPONSES; REST; STRESS; DEVICE AB Introduction: Research attempting to establish a relationship between human response to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and +Gz acceleration has in general, disregarded the moderating effects of negative pressure and +Gz onset rates. Many of the past studies designed to examine the relationship between lower body decompression and +Gz acceleration tolerances have also ignored the problem of differences in body position typically encountered during LBNP and +Gz testing (supine LBNP vs. seated +Gz). Methods:There were 17 male subjects (24-34 yr) who were tested in a seated LBNP chamber and received 3 pressure onset rates of 0.067, 0.33, and 2.0 mm Hg.s(-1). Relaxed acceleration tolerance was assessed on a 6.1-m centrifuge using three gradual onset rates of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.2 +Gz.s(-1). LBNP and +Gz tolerances were subjected to principle components (factor) analysis, and the resulting factors correlated with variables derived from autonomic reflex control tests (Valsalva and carotid-cardiac baroreflex responsiveness) and height. Results: The factor model suggested a two-dimensional solution consisting of an acceleration factor and an orthostatic factor. The general pattern of the factor loadings indicates the relationship between tolerances of the two forms of orthostatic stress (acceleration and LBNP) is a function of how fast each stress is delivered. The correlation between LBNP tolerance and acceleration tolerance increases as LBNP onset rate is increased, or +Gz onset rate is decreased. Height was highly correlated (-0.71) and carotid-cardiac baroreflex responsiveness moderately correlated (0.54) with general orthostatic tolerance. Valsalva measures of autonomic reflex control had low correlations with general orthostatic tolerance (<0.30). Conclusions:Although both LBNP and +Gz exposure can lead to eventual loss of consciousness, syncopal events associated with intolerance to either stress are a function of somewhat different cardiovascular mechanisms. There are however, specific situations where LBNP may constitute a viable substitute for +Gz. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. Armstrong Lab, Hypertens Med Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NASA, KSC, Biomed Operat Off, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. Armstrong Lab, Div Clin Sci, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Ludwig, DA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, 383 Bryan Bldg, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 69 IS 7 BP 630 EP 638 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZZ731 UT WOS:000074761500003 PM 9681368 ER PT J AU Linde, L Balldin, U AF Linde, L Balldin, U TI Arm pain among Swedish fighter pilots during high +Gz flight and centrifuge exposures SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: The purpose was to survey the occurrence of arm pain among Swedish fighter or test pilots in connection with exposures to high +Gz load when flying or performing centrifuge tests. Hypothesis: +Gz induced arm pain occurs in connection with high +Gz loads in flight as well as in centrifuge tests of high performance fighter pilots. Methods: A questionnaire was used for data collection regarding +Gz induced arm pain. Respondents were 35 Swedish Air Force Viggen and Gripen fighter pilots who had previously participated as subjects in centrifuge tests between 1990 and 1995 at Brooks Air Force Base, TX, either with the standard anti-C suit or with extended coverage anti-C suit with pressure breathing during +Gz. Results: Of the respondents, 55% reported that they had experienced arm pain during flight at least once and 42% experienced it more than three times. However, arm pain was more common in the centrifuge tests (82% once; and 42% more than 3 limes). Conclusions: Presence of arm pain during high performance fighter aircraft flights is a phenomenon that should be taken into consideration when designing high performance aircraft or +Gz protective equipment. C1 Natl Def Res Estab, Dept Human Studies, Stockholm, Sweden. Armstrong Lab, Crew Technol Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Linde, L (reprint author), Natl Def Res Estab, Dept Human Studies, Box 1165, S-58111 Linkoping, Sweden. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 69 IS 7 BP 639 EP 642 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZZ731 UT WOS:000074761500004 PM 9681369 ER PT J AU Nixon, CW Morris, LJ McCavitt, AR McKinley, RL Anderson, TR McDaniel, MP Yeager, DG AF Nixon, CW Morris, LJ McCavitt, AR McKinley, RL Anderson, TR McDaniel, MP Yeager, DG TI Female voice communications in high levels of aircraft cockpit noises - Part 1: Spectra, levels, and microphones SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Hypothesis: Female produced speech, although more intelligible than male speech in some noise spectra, may be more vulnerable to degradation by high levels of some military aircraft cockpit noises. The acoustic features of female speech are higher in frequency, lower in power, and appear more susceptible than male speech to masking by some of these military noises. Current military aircraft voice communication systems were optimized for the male voice and may not adequately accommodate the female voice in these high level noises. Methods: This applied study investigated the intelligibility of female and male speech produced in the noise spectra of four military aircraft cockpits at levels ranging from 95 dB to 115 dB. The experimental subjects used standard flight helmets and headsets, noise-canceling microphones, and military aircraft voice communications systems during the measurements. Results: The intelligibility of female speech was lower than that of male speech for all experimental conditions; however, differences were small and insignificant except at the highest levels of the cockpit noises. Intelligibility for both genders varied with aircraft noise spectrum and level. Speech intelligibility of both genders was acceptable during normal cruise noises of all four aircraft, but improvements are required in the higher levels of noise created during aircraft maximum operating conditions. Conclusions: The intelligibility of female speech was unacceptable at the highest measured noise level of 115 dB and may constitute a problem for other military aviators. The intelligibility degradation due to the noise can be neutralized by use of an available, improved noise-canceling microphone, by the application of current active noise reduction technology to the personal communication equipment, and by the development of a voice communications system to accomodate the speech produced by both female and male aviators. C1 Armstrong Lab, Crew Syst Dir,Biodynam & Biocommun Div, Bioacoust & Biocommun Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Nixon, CW (reprint author), CFBA, AL, Bldg 441,2610 7th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 69 IS 7 BP 675 EP 683 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZZ731 UT WOS:000074761500009 PM 9681374 ER PT J AU Topley, D AF Topley, D TI Haiti Critical Care Air Transport Team mission SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, NC, San Antonio, TX 78250 USA. RP Topley, D (reprint author), USAF, NC, 8210 Parkland Hills Dr, San Antonio, TX 78250 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 69 IS 7 BP 705 EP 706 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZZ731 UT WOS:000074761500017 PM 9681382 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, BA Brott, LL Clarson, SJ Dillard, AG Bhatt, JC Kannan, R Yuan, LX He, GS Prasad, PN AF Reinhardt, BA Brott, LL Clarson, SJ Dillard, AG Bhatt, JC Kannan, R Yuan, LX He, GS Prasad, PN TI Highly active two-photon dyes: Design, synthesis, and characterization toward application SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID 2-PHOTON AB A series of compounds with systematically varied molecular structures which exhibit very large effective two-photon cross sections has been synthesized and characterized in solution using a nonlinear transmission technique. The general structure of these compounds can be categorized into two basic structural families: acceptor/donor/donor/acceptor and donor/ bridge/acceptor. This study attempts to determine certain molecular structure/effective two-photon absorption relationships by careful characterization and as a function of systematically varied changes in the organic structure of the dye molecules. Such information can be useful in the design of more efficient two-photon dyes for imaging and power-limiting applications. The results of the study indicate that with the incorporation of certain combinations of structural elements, dyes can be synthesized which have greatly increased effective cross sections as high as 152.5 x 10(-48) cm(4) s/photon molecule in benzene solution at 800 nm using 8 ns pulses. This value is orders of magnitude higher than commercially available organic dyes measured at the same wavelength. Although the process is thought to involve a combination of two-photon absorption and excited state absorption phenomena, the information gathered from these new families of dyes has provided an important first step in producing improved materials for use in many different two-photon technology application. C1 USAF, Polymer Branch, WL MLBP Mat Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Systran Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Photon Res Lab, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Reinhardt, BA (reprint author), USAF, Polymer Branch, WL MLBP Mat Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 660 Z9 683 U1 17 U2 90 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1863 EP 1874 DI 10.1021/cm980036e PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 104MX UT WOS:000075019300022 ER PT J AU Willits, CJ Dietz, DC AF Willits, CJ Dietz, DC TI Rapid, efficient analysis of the lambda(n)/C-k/r/N queue, with application to decomposition of closed queuing networks SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE large-scale Markov chains; queuing networks; Marie's method ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS; ALGORITHM AB In this paper, we exploit advances in computational linear algebra and computing power to solve for the stationary probability vector of the related continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) of a lambda.(n)/C-k/r/N queue. The insights gained from studying the transition rate matrix of this chain are used to develop a list of candidate solution methods, each of which is used to calculate stationary probabilities for a set of 46 representative large-dimension problems, Based on this computational experience, a preferred solution approach for this type of CTMC is proposed. The effectiveness of the solution approach is demonstrated by using Marie's method to decompose four queuing networks containing stations with multiple k-phase Coxian servers. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP US W Adv Technol, Boulder, CO USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0548 EI 1873-765X J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 25 IS 7-8 BP 543 EP 556 DI 10.1016/S0305-0548(98)00011-2 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZX982 UT WOS:000074574900003 ER PT J AU Jayaraman, V Srivastava, R Benton, WC AF Jayaraman, V Srivastava, R Benton, WC TI A joint optimization of product variety and ordering approach SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE non-linear programming; inventory planning and control; marketing ID SHELF SPACE; MODEL; ALLOCATION; LINE AB It has been generally recognized that the product variety or product line decision is one of critical importance to marketing and product managers. Product line composition is one of the most pervasive problems that includes analysis of product additions as well deletions and the degree of complementarity and substitutability among the different items within the product line. Equally important is the ordering decision which determines the order size and timing of the order for replenishing the stock of each of the products that constitute the given product line. We develop a model, OPROVAR (optimization of product variety and ordering strategy) that considers simultaneously the order quantity decision of a product and the stocking decision of a product line to maximize total profits. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Coll Business & Econ, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT, LAL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Management Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Jayaraman, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Business & Econ, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 25 IS 7-8 BP 557 EP 566 DI 10.1016/S0305-0548(98)00010-0 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZX982 UT WOS:000074574900004 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI What's eating you? Ctenocephalides fleas (dog and cat fleas) SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID LOS-ANGELES COUNTY; TYPHUS; HENSELAE; OPOSSUMS C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), MMID, Serv Dermatol, 59th Med Wing,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400003 PM 9675525 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Berkheiser, RF AF Elston, DM Berkheiser, RF TI Trends in military hospital formularies: Our present may be the nation's future SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Change is sweeping the nation's health care system. During this period of rapid change, the federal health care system-the nation's largest managed care system-may serve as a barometer for changes likely to occur in other managed care settings. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, PSMD, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Pharm Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, PSMD, Dept Dermatol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1,59th Med Wing, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400005 PM 9675527 ER PT J AU Gardner, TL Elston, DM AF Gardner, TL Elston, DM TI Multiple lower extremity and penile spindle cell hemangioendotheliomas SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ANGIOSARCOMA AB Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma (SCH) is a rare vascular neoplasm characterized by cavernous spaces, thrombi, phleboliths, and spindle cells. The lesions may arise at sites of vascular injury. We describe a 38-year-old man with multiple subcutaneous and penile SCHs. Patients with SCH should be screened for Maffucci's syndrome. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 23 EP 26 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400006 PM 9675528 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI Cutaneous sporotrichosis present keratoacanthoma SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Sporothrix schenckii is a ubiquitous dimorphic fungus with a variety of clinical presentations, including imitation of other diseases such as pyoderma, rosacea, and pyoderma gangrenosum. A case in which sporotrichosis appeared as a keratoacanthoma-like nodule on the lower lip of a young woman is presented, with treatment considerations and diagnostic pitfalls. C1 USAF, Dept Dermatol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), USAF, Dept Dermatol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 37 EP 39 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400009 PM 9675531 ER PT J AU Hall, J Perry, VE AF Hall, J Perry, VE TI Tinea nigra palmaris: Differentiation from malignant melanoma or junctional nevi SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Tinea nigra usually presents as a brown to black macule on the palmar or plantar skin and is sometimes misdiagnosed as a malignant melanoma or as a junctional nevus, prompting unnecessary surgical procedures and anguish for the patient. Superficial scraping of the skin for microscopic inspection with potassium hydroxide reveals pigmented hyphae, easily confirming the diagnosis of tinea nigra. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Perry, VE (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 45 EP 46 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400012 PM 9675534 ER PT J AU Michalek, JE Rahe, AJ Boyle, CA AF Michalek, JE Rahe, AJ Boyle, CA TI Paternal dioxin and the sex of children fathered by veterans of operation ranch hand SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SERUM DIOXIN C1 Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Vista Technol Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Michalek, JE (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 10 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 9 IS 4 BP 474 EP 475 DI 10.1097/00001648-199807000-00023 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZV261 UT WOS:000074286900023 PM 9647916 ER PT J AU Min, H Jayaraman, V Srivastava, R AF Min, H Jayaraman, V Srivastava, R TI Combined location-routing problems: A synthesis and future research directions SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FACILITY LOCATION; HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; TRANSPORTATION; MODELS; ANNOTATION; LOGISTICS; TAXONOMY; NETWORKS; DESIGN; WASTES AB Over the past few decades, the concept of integrated logistics systems has emerged as a new management philosophy which aims to increase distribution efficiency. Such a concept recognizes the interdependence among the location of facilities, the allocation of suppliers and customers to the facilities, and the vehicle route structure around depots. As such, it coordinates a broader spectrum of location and routing options available to logistics managers and consequently avoids the suboptimization of distribution solutions. Reflecting the increasing importance of integrated logistics systems, an extensive body of combined location-routing literature has developed in less than 30 years. In this paper, we synthesize the past evolution of location-routing literature and then explore promising research opportunities in incorporation of more realistic aspects, algorithmic design, and model complexity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Auburn Univ, Coll Business, Dept Mkt & Transportat, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ So Mississippi, Dept Business Adm, Long Beach, MS 39560 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Logist & Acquisit Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Min, H (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Coll Business, Dept Mkt & Transportat, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 78 TC 215 Z9 243 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/S0377-2217(97)00172-0 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZR990 UT WOS:000074036600001 ER PT J AU Pruitt, A Schutz, SM Baron, T McClendon, D Lang, KA AF Pruitt, A Schutz, SM Baron, T McClendon, D Lang, KA TI Fractured hydrophilic guidewire during ERCP: a case series SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID LUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; CYSTIC DUCT; SPHINCTEROTOMY; CANNULATION; GALLBLADDER; WIRE C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MMIG, Div Gastroenterol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Gastroenterol, Birmingham Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Schutz, SM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MMIG, Div Gastroenterol, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 48 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70136-1 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 100CE UT WOS:000074795700016 PM 9684672 ER PT J AU Ernstmeyer, J Chang, T AF Ernstmeyer, J Chang, T TI Lightning-induced electron heating in the mesosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BALLOON-BORNE MEASUREMENTS AB A multiple-fluid, quasi-electrostatic simulation model is used to examine the effects of lightning on the atmosphere between 20 km and 90 km altitude. Two principal new results are obtained. (1) First, significant: space charge is found in the altitude range 20 to 40 km during a positive, but not negative, cloud-to-ground (CG) discharge. (2) Second, a lightning flash is shown to increase: total conductivity in the altitude range of 20 to 40 km by at Il:ast an order of magnitude, 10 s after the discharge. This is due to the lingering effects of the ion and electron redistribution caused by the lightning discharge. C1 USAF, Res Lab, SNHE, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Ernstmeyer, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, SNHE, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 13 BP 2389 EP 2392 DI 10.1029/98GL01695 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ZZ145 UT WOS:000074700200037 ER PT J AU Cardimona, SJ Clement, WP Kadinsky-Cade, K AF Cardimona, SJ Clement, WP Kadinsky-Cade, K TI Seismic reflection and ground-penetrating radar imaging of a shallow aquifer SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Shallow Seismic Reflection Workshop CY SEP, 1996 CL LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA HO LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB AB In 1995 and 1996, researchers associated with the US Air Force's Phillips and Armstrong Laboratories took part in an extensive geophysical site characterization of the Groundwater Remediation Field Laboratory located at Dover Air Force Base, Dover, Delaware. This field experiment offered an opportunity to compare shallow-reflection profiling using seismic compressional sources and low-frequency ground-penetrating radar to image a shallow, unconfined aquifer. The main target within the aquifer was the sand-clay interface defining the top of the underlying aquitard at 10 to 14 m depth. Although the water table in a well near the site was 8 m deep, cone penetration geotechnical data taken across the field do not reveal a distinct water table. Instead, cone penetration tests show a gradual change in electrical properties that we interpret as a thick zone of partial saturation. Comparing the seismic and radar data and using the geotechnical data as ground truth, we have associated the deepest coherent event in both reflection data sets with the sand-clay aquitard boundary. Cone penetrometer data show the presence of a thin lens of clays and silts at about 4 m depth in the north part of the field. This shallow clay is not imaged clearly in the low-frequency radar profiles. However, the seismic data do image the clay lens. Cone penetrometer data detail a clear change in the soil classification related to the underlying clay aquitard at the same position where the nonintrusive geophysical measurements show a change in image character. Corresponding features in the seismic and radar images are similar along profiles from common survey lines, and results of joint interpretation are consistent with information from geotechnical data across the site. C1 Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Boston Coll, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Cardimona, SJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 5 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1310 EP 1317 DI 10.1190/1.1444432 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 106UT UT WOS:000075169400022 ER PT J AU Jelen, C Slivken, S David, T Razeghi, M Brown, GJ AF Jelen, C Slivken, S David, T Razeghi, M Brown, GJ TI Noise performance of InGaAs-InP quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE infrared detectors; noise; noise measurement; photodetectors; quantum-well devices ID TRANSITION AB Dark current noise measurements were carried out between 10 and 10(4) Hz at T = 80 K on two InGaAs-InP quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIP's) designed for 8-mu m infrared (IR) detection. Using the measured noise data, we have calculated the thermal generation rate, bias-dependant gain, electron trapping probability, and electron diffusion length. The calculated thermal generation rate (similar to 7 x 10(22) cm(-3) s(-1)) is similar to AlGaAs-GaAs QWIP's with similar peak wavelengths, but the gain is 50x larger, indicating improved transport and carrier lifetime are obtained in the binary InP barriers. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, MLPO, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Jelen, C (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Slivken, Steven/B-7273-2009; Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009; DAVID, Thibaut/F-3399-2010 NR 11 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1124 EP 1128 DI 10.1109/3.687853 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA ZU390 UT WOS:000074192300009 ER PT J AU Mah, MY Liou, LL Ewing, RL Ferendeci, AM AF Mah, MY Liou, LL Ewing, RL Ferendeci, AM TI Design methodology of microstrip lines using dimensional analysis SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND GUIDED WAVE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE dimensional analysis; methodology; microstrip; microwave design AB Dimensional analysis has been used to develop a new methodology in microwave integrated circuit design using microstrip lines. The analysis reveals a complete set of dimensionless products for the microstrip Line. The dependencies between these products are established using the Pi theorem. Using commercial simulation tools and numerical fitting techniques, design formulas can be established. These design formulas calculate the desired microwave parameters, such as characteristic impedance, effective dielectric constants, and their frequency dependencies. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Mah, MY (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1051-8207 J9 IEEE MICROW GUIDED W JI IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 8 IS 7 BP 248 EP 250 DI 10.1109/75.701380 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ZV050 UT WOS:000074263300002 ER PT J AU Hanlon, PD Maybeck, PS AF Hanlon, PD Maybeck, PS TI Interrelationship of single-filter and multiple-model adaptive algorithms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB An equivalent filter bank structure for multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) is developed that uses the residual and state estimates from a single Kalman filter and linear transforms to produce equivalent residuals of a complete Kalman filter bank. The linear transforms, which are a function of the differences bet tween the system models used by the various Kalman filters, are developed for modeling differences in the system input matrix, the output matrix, and the state transition matrix. The computational cost of this new structure is compared with the cost of the standard Kalman biter bank (SKFB) for each of these modeling differences. This structure is quite similar to the generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) structure, where the linear transforms can be used td compute the matched biters used in the GLR approach. This approach produces the best matched filters in the sense that they truly represent the time history of the residuals caused by a physically motivated failure model. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hanlon, PD (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 P St,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 3 BP 934 EP 946 DI 10.1109/7.705899 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 106DA UT WOS:000075113400021 ER PT J AU Tyo, JS Buchenauer, CJ Schoenberg, JSH AF Tyo, JS Buchenauer, CJ Schoenberg, JSH TI Use of isorefractive media to improve prompt aperture efficiency in a lens IRA SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Letter DE horn antennas; pulse-excited antennas AB The concept of prompt aperture efficiency is introduced for impulse radiating antennas (IRA's) and the efficiency is analyzed in detail for a specific class of lens IRA's. BS using two isorefractive media, one with a low impedance within the aperture of the IRA and one with a high impedance outside the aperture, the power on the TEM transmission linefeed structure of the IRA can be concentrated within the aperture, thereby improving the prompt aperture efficiency beyond what is possible using a single medium. C1 USAF, Res Lab, DEHP, Wideband Sources Grp, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Tyo, JS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DEHP, Wideband Sources Grp, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1114 EP 1115 DI 10.1109/8.704816 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 107ND UT WOS:000075214600021 ER PT J AU Gummadi, LNB Palazotto, AN AF Gummadi, LNB Palazotto, AN TI Large strain analysis of beams and arches undergoing large rotations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE 2nd Piola-Kirchhoff stress; Green strain finite element; beams; arches; curvilinear coordinates ID FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; FORMULATION; BEHAVIOR AB A geometrically non-linear finite element formulation based on the total Lagrangian approach is developed for laminated composite beams and arches considering large strain effects. Explicit expressions for the changes in the constitutive equations relating the Green strain to the 2nd Piola-Kirchhoff stress due to large strains are presented in curvilinear coordinates. Relationships between the Euler stress-Almansi strain measures and 2nd Piola-Kirchhoff stress-Green strain measures are used to determine the new constitutive relations. Large strain effects on load displacement characteristics are studied for both isotropic and laminated structures when they are undergoing large displacements and rotations. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gummadi, LNB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLINEAR MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 33 IS 4 BP 615 EP 645 DI 10.1016/S0020-7462(97)00033-4 PG 31 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA YU213 UT WOS:000071693600007 ER PT J AU Mann, RW THomas, MD Adams, BJ AF Mann, RW THomas, MD Adams, BJ TI Congenital absence of the ulna with humeroradial synostosis in a prehistoric skeleton from Moundville, Alabama SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skeletal limb deficiencies; humeroradial synostosis; prehistoric; Native American C1 Hickam AFB, US Army Central Identification Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. Childrens Hospital Natl Med Ctr, Orthopedic Surgery Dept, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Mann, RW (reprint author), Hickam AFB, US Army Central Identification Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1047-482X J9 INT J OSTEOARCHAEOL JI Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1212(199807/08)8:4<295::AID-OA424>3.0.CO;2-N PG 5 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 117BD UT WOS:000075759300007 ER PT J AU Bice, WS Prestidge, BR Grimm, PD Friedland, JL Feygelman, V Roach, M Prete, JL Dubois, DF Blasko, JC AF Bice, WS Prestidge, BR Grimm, PD Friedland, JL Feygelman, V Roach, M Prete, JL Dubois, DF Blasko, JC TI Centralized multiinstitutional postimplant analysis for interstitial prostate brachytherapy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE prostate; brachytherapy; implant; quality; iodine ID TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND; IMPLANTATION; CARCINOMA; VOLUME AB Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and utility of performing centralized postimplant analysis for transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy (TIPPB) by conducting a pilot study that compares the results obtained from I-125 implants conducted at five different institutions. Methods and Materials: Dose-volume histogram (DVH) analysis was performed on 10 postimplant CT scans from each of five institutions. This analysis included the total implanted activity of I-125, ultrasound, and CT volumes of the prostate, target-volume ratios, dose homogeneity quantifiers, prostate dose coverage indices, and rectal doses. As a result of the uncertainty associated with the delineation of the prostatic boundaries an a CT scan, the contours were redrawn by a single, study center physician, and a repeat DVH analysis was performed. This provided the basis for comparison between institutions in terms of implant technique and quality. Results: By comparing total activity to preimplant ultrasound volume we clearly demonstrated that differences exist in implant technique among these five institutions. The difficulty associated with determining glandular boundaries on CT scans was apparent, based upon the variability in prostate volumes drawn by the various investigators compared to those drawn by the study center physician. This made no difference, of course, in the TVR or homogeneity quantifiers that are independent of target location. Furthermore, this variability made surprisingly little difference in terms of dose coverage of the prostate gland. Rectal doses varied between institutions according to the various implant techniques. Conclusions: Centralized, outcome-based evaluation of transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy is viable and appropriate. Such an approach could be reasonably used in the conduct of multiinstitutional trials used to study the efficacy of the procedure. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Radiat Oncol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Radiol Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. NW Prostate Inst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Tampa, FL 33682 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bice, WS (reprint author), 7711 Louis Pasteur Dr,Suite 609, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 23 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 41 IS 4 BP 921 EP 927 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(98)90123-7 PG 7 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZV650 UT WOS:000074327100027 PM 9652858 ER PT J AU Subramanian, PR AF Subramanian, PR TI Examining issues in alloy stability and design SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UES, Dayton, OH USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Subramanian, PR (reprint author), UES, Dayton, OH USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 50 IS 7 BP 36 EP 36 DI 10.1007/s11837-998-0191-z PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA ZZ423 UT WOS:000074727900007 ER PT J AU Kolonay, RM Venkayya, VB Yang, HTY AF Kolonay, RM Venkayya, VB Yang, HTY TI Sensitivity analysis for transonic unsteady aeroelastic constraints SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB A method for calculating the sensitivities for transonic unsteady aeroelastic constraints with respect to structural design variables consisting of skin thicknesses, spar thicknesses, spar cap cross-sectional areas, and concentrated masses for Eight vehicles in three-dimensional fluid flow is presented. The method requires that the transonic unsteady aerodynamics be represented in the frequency or Laplace domain. In this work the indicial response method is used to transform time-domain aerodynamics found by solving the transonic small disturbance (TSD) equations into the Laplace domain. The indicial responses are performed about a static aeroelastic equilibrium found using the TSD equations for the steady aerodynamics. Once in the Laplace domain, the unsteady aerodynamics are used to develop semianalytic equations for the constraint sensitivities. These sensitivity equations include a nonlinear term that is calculated by finite differences at a considerable computational cost, This term arises because the indicial responses are performed about a static aeroelastic equilibrium. If a static rigid equilibrium is used instead, this term vanishes, producing fully analytic sensitivities. In addition, for the test cases chosen, irt is found that this nonlinear term contributed little to the total gradient calculation and could be ignored. This method of sensitivity calculation enables formal unsteady aeroelastic optimization in the transonic flight regime. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Struct Div, Flight Dynam Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Kolonay, RM (reprint author), Gen Elect Corp R&D Ctr, Bldg K-1,Room 2A60,1 Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 574 EP 581 DI 10.2514/2.2362 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 107FJ UT WOS:000075196300009 ER PT J AU Cody, JT Valtier, S AF Cody, JT Valtier, S TI Detection of amphetamine and methamphetamine following administration of benzphetamine SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Clin Res Squadron, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Cody, JT (reprint author), Clin Res Squadron, 1255 Wilford Hall Loop,59th Med Wing, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 4 BP 299 EP 309 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 102DV UT WOS:000074909300008 PM 9681333 ER PT J AU Marciniak, MA Hengehold, RL Yeo, YK Turner, GW AF Marciniak, MA Hengehold, RL Yeo, YK Turner, GW TI Optical characterization of molecular beam epitaxially grown InAsSb nearly lattice matched to GaSb SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; RAMAN-SCATTERING; DIODE-LASERS; INAS1-XSBX; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ALLOYS; GAAS; SUPERLATTICES; TEMPERATURE; RANGE AB Molecular beam epitaxially (MBE)-grown InAsSb nearly lattice matched to (001) GaSb substrates has been studied by infrared absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and double crystal x-ray diffraction (DCXRD). The absorption measurements, made at temperatures of 6-295 K, resulted in determinations of the temperature and compositional dependencies of the energy gap and the absorption coefficients for InAs1-xSbx (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.192). Temperature- and laser excitation power-dependent PL measurements showed only a single band edge peak for the ternary samples (Delta a/a less than or equal to+0.623%). Both low temperature PL linewidths las narrow as 4.3 meV) and observations of LO-phonon replicas indicate the good quality of this material. However, careful analysis of the PL data indicates that even this good material may have a tendency for phase separation resulting in compositional inhomogeneity as reported previously for MBE-grown InAsSb. (004) DCXRD measurements resulted in lattice mismatches between - 0.629% less than or equal to Delta a/a less than or equal to + 0.708% for these samples, while (115) DCXRD measurements indicated that tensile strain persisted in the epilayers, even for thicknesses up to 1.4 mu m. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. RP Marciniak, MA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 1 BP 480 EP 488 DI 10.1063/1.368051 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GP UT WOS:000075258100068 ER PT J AU Smith, SA Mecham, CC Schimmoller, BJ Wheeler, MH AF Smith, SA Mecham, CC Schimmoller, BJ Wheeler, MH TI Using measured contaminant concentrations versus modeling for CERCLA-related air pathway risk assessments SO JOURNAL OF CLEAN TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE air pathway; human health risk; indoor air; modeling; monitoring; risk assessment; volatile organic compounds AB The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA or "Superfund") and its reauthorization in the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986 established a national program for responding to releases of hazardous substances into the environment. The CERCLA process requires that exposure pathways be identified, and potential human health risk of exposure to specific chemicals be assessed, to assist in the decision for cleanup/no cleanup of a site where releases to the environment have occurred, and to evaluate cleanup technology alternatives. Evaluation of the air medium, inducing indoor air, is often an important element of a multi-pathway assessment. C1 Radian Int LLC, Austin, TX 78759 USA. Radian Int LLC, Salt Lake City, UT USA. USAF, Hill Air Force Base, UT USA. RP Smith, SA (reprint author), Radian Int LLC, POB 201088, Austin, TX 78759 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 USA SN 1052-1062 J9 J CLEAN TECHNOL E T JI J. Clean Technol. Environ. Toxicol. Occup. Med. PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 297 EP 311 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA ZZ032 UT WOS:000074688500005 ER PT J AU Nicholas, T Rosenberger, AH AF Nicholas, T Rosenberger, AH TI Fatigue life prediction of titanium matrix composites under mission spectrum loading SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE titanium matrix composites; thermomechanical fatigue; life prediction; micromechanics; spectrum loading; fatigue; elevated temperature AB Fatigue life predictions are conducted for a high temperature composite for hypersonic vehicle structural applications. A SCS-6/Timetal(R)21S [0/90](S) composite is evaluated under thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) as well as under typical hypersonic mission profiles and segments of those missions. The fatigue life analysis is based on micromechanical stresses which, in turn, are input into a damage summation model. Spectrum loading is decomposed into a series of in-phase and out-of-phase TMF segments whose lives are predicted from a life fraction model which was developed for isothermal and TMF data. Analytical predictions for the mission spectrum and the simple mission profiles are compared with experimental data obtained here as well as in a previous study. The model is demonstrated to be able to predict fatigue life under mission spectrum loading based solely on calibration under simple isothermal fatigue and TMF conditions. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Nicholas, T (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 20 IS 3 BP 179 EP 186 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 110FD UT WOS:000075368800003 ER PT J AU Chauvet, M Salamo, GJ Bliss, DF Bryant, G AF Chauvet, M Salamo, GJ Bliss, DF Bryant, G TI Evaluation of InP : Fe parameters by measurement of two wave mixing photorefractive and absorptive gain SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE absorptive gain; InP : Fe; photorefractivity; two wave mixing ID DOPED INP; GRATINGS; MECHANISM; GAAS AB In this paper, we present two-wave mixing absorption gain measurements in InP:Fe in the 960-1035 nm wavelength range. The measured absorption gain is shown to be positive for long wavelength but changes sign for shorter wavelength. By simultaneously measuring the photorefractive gain and the absorption gain, we deduce the values of the photo-ionization cross sections related to the iron deep level trap. Finally, the study of the temperature dependence of the absorption gain allows us to evaluate a temperature shift of the iron level with respect to the conduction band of -4 x 10(-4) eV/K. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. USAF, Rome Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Chauvet, M (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 27 IS 7 BP 883 EP 890 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0114-3 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 101QX UT WOS:000074880600013 ER PT J AU Nusstein, J Reader, A Nist, R Beck, M Meyers, WJ AF Nusstein, J Reader, A Nist, R Beck, M Meyers, WJ TI Anesthetic efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection of 2%lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine in irreversible pulpits SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID TESTER; TEETH AB The purpose of this study was to determine the anesthetic efficacy of a supplemental intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Fifty-one patients with symptomatic, vital maxillary, and mandibular posterior teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis received conventional infiltrations or inferior alveolar nerve blocks. Pulp testing was used to determine pulpal anesthesia after "clinically successful" injections. Patients who were positive to the pulp tests, or were negative to the pulp tests but felt pain during endodontic access, received an intraosseous injection using 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. The results demonstrated that 42% of the patients who tested negative to the pulp tests reported pain during treatment and required supplemental anesthesia. Eighty-one percent of the mandibular teeth and 12% of maxillary teeth regain pulpal anesthesia. Overall, the Stabident intraosseous injection was found to be 88% successful in gaining total pulpal anesthesia for endodontic therapy. We concluded that, for posterior teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis, the supplemental intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine (1:100,000 epinephrine) was successful when conventional techniques failed. C1 USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Endodont, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Endodont, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Reader, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Endodont, 305 W 12 Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 13 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 24 IS 7 BP 487 EP 491 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80053-8 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZX313 UT WOS:000074503000008 PM 9693577 ER PT J AU Sharma, RD Dothe, H Duff, JW AF Sharma, RD Dothe, H Duff, JW TI Model of the 5.3 mu m radiance from NO during the sunlit terrestrial thermosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION; SPACE-SHUTTLE EXPERIMENT; NITRIC-OXIDE; NITROGEN-ATOMS; ELECTRON-IMPACT; LIMB RADIANCE; VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; MEDIUM-RESOLUTION; OXYGEN; BAND AB This paper models the fundamental vibration-rotation band emission from NO around 5.3 mu m observed by the interferometer aboard the cryogenic infrared radiance instrumentation for shuttle (CIRRIS 1A) during the sunlit terrestrial thermosphere. The four dominant contributions to the 5.3 mu m emission are solar pumping, the inelastic collisions with O of NO(v=0), the reactions of N(D-2) with O-2, and the reactions of N(S-4) with O-2,. The contribution to the chemiluminescence due to the.reaction of N(S-4) with O-2 is calculated using the energy distribution function (EDF) of these atoms obtained by solving the time dependent Boltzmann equation. The calculated radiance is derived using two model atmospheres: (1) the model atmosphere obtained from the atmospheric ultraviolet radiance integrated code (AURIC) [Strickland et at, 1998] and (2) the model atmosphere obtained from the thermosphere-ionosphere-mesosphere electrodynamics general circulation model (TIME-GCM) [Roble and Ridley, 1994]. The calculated results reproduce gross features of the CIRRIS 1A observations, and disagreement by a factor of similar to 2 in the total band radiance calls for a fine tuning of the model atmospheres and/or the underlying phenomenology. The cooling of the atmosphere at high altitudes due to chemiluminescence from the reaction of N(S-4) with O-2 is found to be comparable to that due to collisions of NO with O. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Spectral Sci Inc, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. Mei Technol Corp, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. RP Sharma, RD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM sharma@plh.af.mil; dothe@pldac.plh.af.mil; duff@spectral.com NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A7 BP 14753 EP 14768 DI 10.1029/98JA00896 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ZY130 UT WOS:000074589300021 ER PT J AU Albert, JM Ginet, GP AF Albert, JM Ginet, GP TI CRRES observations of radiation belt protons - 2. Time-dependent radial diffusion SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERE; MODEL; STORM AB Flux measurements made by CRRES of high-energy, equatorially mirroring protons in the range L less than or equal to 3 are observed to differ greatly from diffusive. steady state profiles, both before the magnetic storm of March 24, 1991, and during two intervals following it.; Time rates of change of the phase space density f are obtained from time series of the observations and compared to those calculated from the time-dependent radial diffusion equation using profiles from the time averages of the observations. In general, good agreement is obtained for E less than or equal to 20 MeV, indicating that the outer zone protons were undergoing diffusive relaxation from highly disturbed configurations. Such a configuration is known to have been produced by the March 1991 storm, and we hypothesize that a similarly disruptive event occurred prior to the CRRES launch. For particle energy above 20 MeV or L > 3, limitations in the instrument sensitivity and integration time preclude a quantitative comparison. C1 Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Albert, JM (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. OI Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630 NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A7 BP 14865 EP 14877 DI 10.1029/98JA00290 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ZY130 UT WOS:000074589300032 ER PT J AU Wiff, DR Lenke, GM Fleming, PD AF Wiff, DR Lenke, GM Fleming, PD TI Polycarbodiimide and polyimide/cyanate thermoset in situ molecular composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The synthesis of polycarbodiimide and polyimide in a cyanate resin precursor was achieved. A unique procedure for achieving a high molecular weight of the molecular composite reinforcement molecules was demonstrated. In spite of phase separation being present during the processing, the final cured composites were transparent. The enhanced mechanical properties and the presence of a single T-g, which increases with rigid rod content, were indications that a molecular composite was achieved. The agreement between measured mechanical properties and those predicted using molecular mechanics simulations CERIUS2 software was encouraging. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLPJ,Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. GenCorp Inc, Corp Res, Akron, OH 44305 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Paper & Printing Sci & Engn, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Wiff, DR (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLPJ,Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1840 EP 1847 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0261 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZX311 UT WOS:000074502800022 ER PT J AU Spanjers, GG Malak, JB Leiweke, RJ Spores, RA AF Spanjers, GG Malak, JB Leiweke, RJ Spores, RA TI Effect of propellant temperature on efficiency in the pulsed plasma thruster SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB A pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) benefits from the inherent engineering simplicity and reduced tankage fraction gained by storing the propellant as a solid. The solid is converted to the gaseous state and accelerated by an electric discharge across the propellant face. Previous research has concluded that as Little as 10 % of the consumed propellant is converted to plasma and efficiently accelerated. The remaining propellant is consumed in the form of late-time vaporization and particulate emission, creating minimal thrust. Critical to improving the PPT performance is improving the propellant utilization. The present work demonstrates one possible method of increasing the PPT propellant efficiency By measuring the PPT thrust, propellant consumption, and propellant temperature while varying the power level, duration of the experimental run, and total propellant mass, a correlation is established between decreased propellant temperature and increased propellant efficiency. The method is demonstrated by performance measurements at 60 W and 5 W,which show a 25% increase in thrust efficiency, while the propellant temperature decreases from 135 to 42 degrees C. Larger increases in the efficiency may be realized on-orbit where operating temperatures are commonly subzero. The dependence of propellant consumption on temperature also creates systematic errors in laboratory measurements with short experimental runs, and orbit analyses where the PPT performance measured at one power level is linearly scaled to the power available on the spacecraft. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 545 EP 553 DI 10.2514/2.5312 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 100HK UT WOS:000074810600018 ER PT J AU Bertin, JJ Towne, MC Malan, MA Kreins, AF Zuber, ME Parks, MB AF Bertin, JJ Towne, MC Malan, MA Kreins, AF Zuber, ME Parks, MB TI Viscous/inviscid interactions of the forebody flowfield of an airbreathing hypersonic vehicle SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 35th Aerospace Science Meeting / Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Symposium CY JAN 06-10, 1997 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, USAF, Off Sci Res, Sandia Natl Labs AB A hypersonic cruise missile, which can be launched from conventional aircraft or from surface based assets and which can cruise at a Mach number of 8, requires at least two propulsion systems: a rocket-based propulsion system and a supersonic combustion ramjet system. The inlet to the airbreathing propulsion system will be closed during that portion of the flight powered by the rocket based propulsion system. As a result, a shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction Kill result when the supersonic Bow on the forebody encounters the compression ramp formed by the closed inlet. To investigate the flowfield for this interaction, surface-pressure measurements and flow-visualization photographs have been obtained during an experimental program conducted in the Tri-Sonic Wind Tunnel at the U.S. Air Force Academy. Data were obtained at a freestream Mach number of 4.28 and at a freestream Reynolds; number (based on the model length) of 12.79 x 10(6) over an angle-of-attack range from -7.3 to +7.3 deg. The data are compared with computations made with version 3 of the General Aerodynamic Simulation Program. The three-dimensional viscous/inviscid interaction that occurs near the compression ramp contains transverse vortices and streamwise vortices, with pressures in the reattachment region being approximately an order of magnitude larger than those for the undisturbed flow upstream of the interaction. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Bertin, JJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 442 EP 449 DI 10.2514/2.3374 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 109VZ UT WOS:000075346000004 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Hall, DF Lesho, JC Uy, OM Dyer, JS Bertrand, WT AF Wood, BE Hall, DF Lesho, JC Uy, OM Dyer, JS Bertrand, WT TI Midcourse space experiment satellite flight measurements of contaminants on quartz crystal microbalances SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 35th Aerospace Science Meeting / Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Symposium CY JAN 06-10, 1997 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, USAF, Off Sci Res, Sandia Natl Labs ID MSX SATELLITE AB The Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) is a Ballistic Missile Defense Organization demonstration and validation satellite program that has both defense and civilian applications, MSX was launched on April 24, 1996, and has uv, visible, and infrared instruments including the Space Infrared Imaging Telescope (Spirit 3) cryogenic telescope, MSX had several contamination-measuring instruments to monitor pressure, gas species, water and particulate concentrations, and condensable gas species, A cryogenic quartz crystal microbalance (CQCM) and four temperature-controlled quartz crystal microbalances (TQCMs) were part of this suite of contamination-measuring instruments onboard the satellite. The CQCM was located internal to the Spirit 3 cryogenic telescope and was mounted adjacent to the primary mirror. The CQCM provided a real-time monitor of contaminant mass deposition on the primary mirror, which was cooled to the same temperature as the mirror, similar to 20 K. Thermogravimetric analyses on the CQCM provided insight into the amount and species of contaminants condensed at various stages of the mission. The four TQCMs were positioned strategically on the outside of the spacecraft and operated at approximately -50 degrees C to monitor the silicone and organic contaminant Bur deposition on external surfaces at specific locations. During the first week of flight operation, all TQCMs recorded deposition rates in the 10-20-ng/cm(2)-day (1-2-Angstrom/day) range, The measured deposition rates continuously decreased, and after 100 days into the mission the thickness deposition rates had fallen to values between 0 and 0.2 Angstrom/day, depending on TQCM location. C1 Sverdrup Technol Inc, Appl Technol Dept, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. Aerospace Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Tech Serv Dept, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Utah State Univ, Res Fdn, Space Dynam Lab, Syst Div, N Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), Sverdrup Technol Inc, Appl Technol Dept, 1077 Ave C,MS 6400, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 533 EP 538 DI 10.2514/2.3363 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 109VZ UT WOS:000075346000016 ER PT J AU Shock, RC Hartrum, TC AF Shock, RC Hartrum, TC TI A classification scheme for software modules SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE module; classification; encapsulation; information hiding AB The current abstract view of the detailed architecture of a software program simply focuses on a set of modules that interact with each other. The pictorial view of the architecture of modules abstracts to a directed, connected, acyclic graph whose nodes are modules and whose arcs reveal the reference dependency relationship. No distinction exists among the modules. This paper provides a decided distinction. This paper introduces a new, formal, objective classification scheme of ten classes for modules. The process of fashioning the classification scheme applies the software principle of information hiding to three internal structural components of a module. These components are the variable, the data structure, and the subprogram. Two conceptual constructs enable information hiding. One is the encapsulation of a data structure (object). The other is the inaccessible section of a module which is the section that no external module can reference. Each module belongs to exactly one class. The assignment of a module to a class is objective, not subjective. The scheme opens up the opportunity for a deeper study into each class. The classes of the scheme are subjectively ranked into four categories, ranging from best to worst. The paper lists five benefits of this classification scheme, and relates these benefits to three application areas. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Sch Engn, Inst Technol, Dayton, OH USA. RP Shock, RC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0164-1212 J9 J SYST SOFTWARE JI J. Syst. Softw. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 42 IS 1 BP 29 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0164-1212(98)00005-3 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 104BG UT WOS:000074991900004 ER PT J AU Downing, M Zamot, N Moss, C Morin, D Wolski, E Chung, S Plotkin, K Maglieri, D AF Downing, M Zamot, N Moss, C Morin, D Wolski, E Chung, S Plotkin, K Maglieri, D TI Controlled focused sonic booms from maneuvering aircraft SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB In April 1994, the USAF Armstrong Laboratory, in cooperation with USAF Test Pilot School, conducted an experimental study of controlled focus boom generated by supersonic maneuvers. The objective of this study was to collect focus and postfocus booms and to assess the ability of aircrews to control the placement of the focal region during basic maneuvers. Forty-nine supersonic passes were flown and included level linear acceleration, level turn. accelerating dives, and climbout-pushover maneuvers. These flights were flown under calm and turbulent atmospheric conditions. Turbulent conditions had a defocusing effect which caused distortions in the focus region and resulted in smaller maximum overpressures. Sonic booms were collected by up to 25 boom event analyzer recorders (BEARs) placed in a 13 000-ft linear array. The BEAR units were spaced 500-2000 ft apart with the denser spacing at the expected focal region. This spacing was chosen to evaluate the thickness of both the focal and postfocal regions. The target location varied from 2000-5000 from the uptrack end of the array. Of the 49 flights, a focus boom was placed within the array 37 times and within +/-3000 feet of the target point 27 times, demonstrating the ability to place controlled focus booms. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(98)04507-X]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Test Pilot Sch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Wyle Labs, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. Eagle Aeronat Inc, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Downing, M (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 104 IS 1 BP 112 EP 121 DI 10.1121/1.423261 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA ZY164 UT WOS:000074592700013 ER PT J AU Lee, SS Zawada, LP Staehler, JM Folsom, CA AF Lee, SS Zawada, LP Staehler, JM Folsom, CA TI Mechanical behavior and high-temperature performance of a woven Nicalon (TM)/Si-N-C ceramic-matrix composite SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITED BORON-NITRIDE; SILICON-CARBIDE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FABRIC COMPOSITES; CREEP; STABILITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; EMBRITTLEMENT; INTERFACES; CHEMISTRY AB A modern ceramic-matrix composite (CMC) has been extensively characterized for a high-temperature aerospace turbine-engine application. The CMC system has a silicon-nitrogen-carbon (SI-N-C) matrix reinforced with Nicalon fibers woven in a balanced eight-harness satin weave fabric Tensile tests have demonstrated that this CMC exhibits excellent strength retention up to 1100 degrees C. The room-temperature fatigue limit was 160 MPa, similar to 80% of the room-temperature tensile strength. The composite reached run-out conditions under cyclic (10(5) cycles at 1 Hz) and sustained tension (100 h) conditions at a stress of 110 MPa, which was similar to 35 MPa above the proportional limits at temperatures up to 1100 degrees C in air. At stress levels >110 MPa, cyclic loading at 1000 degrees C caused a more severe reduction in life, based on time, compared with sustained tension. Further life degradation was observed in the 1000 degrees C fatigue specimens that were exposed to a salt-fog environment, This degradation decreased the fatigue life similar to 85% at the stress levels that were tested. C1 USAF, Wright Lab Mat Directorate, Div Met & Ceram, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lee, SS (reprint author), Boeing Commercial Airplane Grp, Struct Technol, High Speed Civil Transport, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. NR 51 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1797 EP 1811 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 100UH UT WOS:000074833400011 ER PT J AU Parthasarathy, TA Folsom, CA Zawada, LP AF Parthasarathy, TA Folsom, CA Zawada, LP TI Combined effects of exposure to salt (NaCl) water and oxidation on the strength of uncoated and BN-coated Nicalon (TM) fibers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; SIC FIBERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SILICON-CARBIDE; STABILITY; INTERFACE; BEHAVIOR AB The environmental stability of uncoated and boron nitride-coated (BN-coated) Nicalon(TM) fiber has been investigated by studying the effect of annealing in air at 1000 degrees C (2 h) on the strength of the fibers. The results imply that uncoated and BN-coated fibers both degrade in strength, with the BN-coated fiber suffering a higher strength loss, The degradation is significantly enhanced if the fibers are exposed to salt (NaCl) water prior to the air anneal, if the concentration of salt is >0.5 wt%, The BN-coated Nicalon(TM) fibers also have been studied at 800 degrees and 900 degrees C; the degradation in strength due to salt water exposure is greater at 800 degrees C than that at 900 degrees or 1000 degrees C. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL,MLLN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Parthasarathy, TA (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011 OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1812 EP 1818 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 100UH UT WOS:000074833400012 ER PT J AU Kerans, RJ Parthasarathy, TA Rebillat, F Lamon, J AF Kerans, RJ Parthasarathy, TA Rebillat, F Lamon, J TI Interface properties in high-strength Nicalon/C/SiC composites, as determined by rough surface analysis of fiber push-out tests SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MULTILAYERED INTERPHASES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CRACK DEFLECTION; PYROLYTIC CARBON; BEHAVIOR AB Fiber push-out curves generated on high-strength, treated-fiber Nicalon/C/SiC composites indicate behavior that is distinctly different from other composites. These composites have been analyzed using a model that explicitly includes two sets of debond-crack-surface topographies that correspond to two stages of crack propagation. The model successfully duplicates the observed unusual push-out load-deflection behavior by adjusting interfacial toughness and topographical parameters to fit the experimental data. Although the topographical parameters of the debonding cracks are largely unconfirmed, the fitted values are consistent with observations and expectations. This analysis has determined interfacial fracture energies that are unusually high for composites with acceptable mechanical behavior but are consistent with measurements on bulk pyrocarbons. The analysis provides a unifying rationalization of the apparent inconsistencies in results reported for such materials. C1 Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Universite Bordeaux 1, CNRS, Soc Europeene Propuls, Unite Mixte Rech,Lab Composites Thermostruct, F-33600 Pessac, France. RP Kerans, RJ (reprint author), Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011 OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1881 EP 1887 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 100UH UT WOS:000074833400022 ER PT J AU McNeese, MD AF McNeese, MD TI Special topic issue: User-centered cooperative systems - Introduction SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USAF, Res Lab, Crew Syst Interface Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP McNeese, MD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Crew Syst Interface Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0002-8231 J9 J AM SOC INFORM SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 49 IS 9 BP 773 EP 775 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(1998)49:9<773::AID-ASI2>3.0.CO;2-W PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA ZT850 UT WOS:000074134300002 ER PT J AU Burnham, BR Atchley, DH DeFusco, RP Ferris, KE Zicarelli, JC Lee, JH Angulo, FJ AF Burnham, BR Atchley, DH DeFusco, RP Ferris, KE Zicarelli, JC Lee, JH Angulo, FJ TI Prevalence of fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms among captive green iguanas and potential public health implications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Objective-To determine prevalence of fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms among captive green iguanas (Iguana iguana). Design-Cohort study. Animals-12 captive green iguanas. Procedure-Iguanas were isolated in an environmental chamber, and fecal samples were collected weekly for 10 consecutive weeks. Samples were incubated aerobically in tetrathionate broth for 18 to 24 hours. Aliquots were then transferred to Hektoen and Salmonella-Shigella agar plates and incubated for an additional 18 to 24 hours. Isolated colonies were subcultured on nutrient agar slants, and Salmonella isolates were serogrouped and serotyped. Results-All 12 iguanas were found to be shedding Salmonella organisms at least once during the study, and multiple serotypes were isolated from 7 of the 12. Salmonella organisms were isolated from 88 of 106 (83%) fecal samples; 21 samples contained multiple Salmonella serotypes. Overall, 11 Salmonella serotypes were identified. In 74 of 100 instances, when a particular Salmonella serotype was isolated from an individual iguana, the same serotype was also isolated from a subsequent fecal sample from that iguana. Clinical implications-Results suggested that most iguanas have a stable mixture of Salmonella serotypes in their intestinal tracts and intermittently or continuously shed Salmonella organisms in their feces. Veterinarians should advise their clients on precautions for reducing the risk of acquiring these organisms from their pets. Public health officials trying to determine whether an iguana is the source of a specific Salmonella serotype that caused infection in human patients should submit at least 3 fecal samples collected from the iguana 1 week apart for bacterial culture. C1 USAF Acad, DFB, Dept Biol, HQ, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Burnham, BR (reprint author), USAF Acad, DFB, Dept Biol, HQ, 2355 Fac Dr,Ste 2P389, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 9 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 213 IS 1 BP 48 EP 50 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA ZW704 UT WOS:000074439000025 PM 9656023 ER PT J AU Beck, JA Hall, CD AF Beck, JA Hall, CD TI Relative equilibria of a rigid satellite in a circular Keplerian orbit SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LINEAR-STABILITY; MOTIONS AB We examine relative equilibria of a rigid body free to rotate about its center of mass which is constrained to follow a Keplerian orbit in a central gravitational field. We derive a noncanonical Hamiltonian formulation of this system and show how it relates to the noncanonical system for an unconstrained rigid body in a hierarchy of approximations of the two-body problem. For a particular approximation of the potential, the Keplerian system is equivalent to the classical approximation typically seen in the literature. We determine relative equilibria for this approximation and derive stability conditions for both arbitrary and axisymmetric bodies. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Beck, JA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 USA SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 46 IS 3 BP 215 EP 247 PG 33 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 222TE UT WOS:000081800200001 ER PT J AU Brost, G Norman, J Odoulov, S Shcherbin, K Shumelyuk, A Taranov, V AF Brost, G Norman, J Odoulov, S Shcherbin, K Shumelyuk, A Taranov, V TI Gain spectra of beam coupling in photorefractive semiconductors SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The photorefractive recording dynamics of two-beam coupling in semi-insulating semiconductors by beams with slightly different frequencies are studied theoretically and experimentally. The influences of bulk absorption, Gaussian beam profiles, and experimental geometry on the temporal response are analyzed. These effects act to narrow the bandwidth. Measurement of the material photorefractive time constant is discussed. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. Vassar Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Dept Quantum Elect, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Brost, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 25 Elect Pkwy, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 15 IS 7 BP 2083 EP 2091 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.002083 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ034 UT WOS:000074688700036 ER PT J AU Shumelyuk, A Odoulov, S Brost, G AF Shumelyuk, A Odoulov, S Brost, G TI Nearly degenerate two-beam coupling in photorefractive crystals with two species of movable carriers SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-HOLE TRANSPORT; TIN HYPOTHIODIPHOSPHATE; STEADY-STATE; MEDIA AB Two-beam intensity coupling is calculated for photorefractive crystals with two types of movable charge carrier in the undepleted-pump approximation. The analytical expressions are derived for the temporal evolution of the space-charge field; for weak coupling they are used for calculation of the transmitted beam intensities. The results of the calculation are compared with the experimental observations in photorefractive tin hypothiodiphosphate (Sn(2)P(2)S(6)). All experimental data are in reasonable quantitative agreement with the calculations. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USAF, Res Lab, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. RP Shumelyuk, A (reprint author), Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 15 IS 7 BP 2125 EP 2131 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.002125 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ034 UT WOS:000074688700041 ER PT J AU Ponnappan, R He, Q Leland, JE AF Ponnappan, R He, Q Leland, JE TI Test results of water and methanol high-speed rotating heat pipes SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB The existing rotating heat pipe (RHP) technology was examined and further developed for possible cooling applications in high-speed rotating electrical machines required for future designs of more-electric aircraft. Several technical papers covering the results of the design, fabrication, and testing of the RHP hardware in the low-to-intermediate rotational speeds from 500 to 7500 rpm have been published in recent years. In this investigation, performance results are presented for stainless steel 316-methanol and stainless-steel 316-water high-speed rotating heat pipes (HSRHPs) that were tested at speeds up to 30,000 rpm for the first time in the history of RHP research. The HSRHPs were cooled by air and oil jets in separate tests to compare their relative performances. Interesting temperature profiles and test results are presented for the HSRHPs that were heated by an induction heater and tested in the temperature range of 20-250 degrees C for power inputs from 250 to 1300 W. C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Power Div, PRPG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ponnappan, R (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 391 EP 397 DI 10.2514/2.6350 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 100HE UT WOS:000074810100014 ER PT J AU Leland, JE Chow, LC AF Leland, JE Chow, LC TI Immersion cooling of a simulated electronic chip protruding into a flow channel SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL HEAT-FLUX; LIQUID AB Nucleate boiling and critical heat flux from the top and side surfaces of a simulated electronic chip protruding into a rectangular channel has been studied. To ascertain the contributions of heat transfer from the sides and top of the simulated electronic chip, boiling from the sides was virtually eliminated by the use of a thin (0.025 mm) foil heater on top of a block of insulating material. It was found that single-phase heat transfer and critical heat flux are markedly greater for a surface protrusion height of 0.71 mm as compared to a hush surface. This increase was seen for flow velocities greater than 1 m/s and a subcooling of 20 degrees C. The results are compared to that for a copper block heated from below under similar fluid and geometry constraints. These comparisons show that the vapor emanating from the upstream side of the copper block plays an important role in either decreasing or increasing the critical heat flux. Additional results were obtained for the copper block where heal transfer from the upstream side was obstructed. These results indicate that under some conditions of subcooling and flow rate an optimal amount of upstream side vapor production exists. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Power Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Leland, JE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Power Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 398 EP 405 DI 10.2514/2.6351 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 100HE UT WOS:000074810100015 ER PT J AU Hale, A O'Brien, W AF Hale, A O'Brien, W TI A three-dimensional turbine engine analysis compressor code (TEACC) for steady-state inlet distortion SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 02-05, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Int Gas Turbine Inst AB The direct approach of modeling the flow between all Made passages Sat each blade row in the compressor is too computationally intensive Sol practical design and analysis investigations with inlet distortion. Therefore a new simulation tool called the Turbine Engine Analysis Compressor Code ( TEA CC) has been developed TEACC solves the compressible, time-dependent, three-dimensional Euler equations modified to include turbomachinery source terms, which represent the effects of the blades, The source terms are calculated for each blade row by the application of a streamline curvature code. TEACC was validated against experimental data from the transonic NASA rotor, Rotor 1B, for a clean inlet and for an inlet distortion produced by a 90-deg, one-per-revolution distortion screen. TEACC revealed that strong swirl produced by rite rotor caused the compressor to increase in loading in the direction of rotor rotation through the distorted region and decrease in loading circumferentially away from the distorted region. C1 Sverdrup Technol Inc, AEDC Grp, Arnold Engn Dev Ctr, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hale, A (reprint author), Sverdrup Technol Inc, AEDC Grp, Arnold Engn Dev Ctr, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 422 EP 430 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 110DL UT WOS:000075364800004 ER PT J AU Thompson, DW King, PI Rabe, DC AF Thompson, DW King, PI Rabe, DC TI Experimental investigation of stepped tip gap effects on the performance of a transonic axial-flow compressor rotor SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 02-05, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID SIMULATED ROTATION; CLEARANCE FLOW; PLANAR CASCADE; TURBINE-BLADES; ENDWALL; LEAKAGE AB The effects of stepped-tip gaps and clearance levels on the performance of a transonic axial-flow compressor rotor were experimentally determined. A two-stage compressor with no inlet guide vanes was tested in a modem transonic compressor research facility. The first-stage rotor was unswept and was tested for an optimum tip clearance with variations in stepped gaps machined into the casing near the aft tip region of the rotor. Nine casing geometries were investigated consisting of three step profiles at each of three clearance levels. For small and intermediate clearances, stepped tip gaps were Sound to improve pressure ratio, efficiency, and flow range for most operating conditions. At 100 percent design rotor speed, stepped tip gaps produced a doubling of mass flow range with as much as a 2.0 percent increase in mass flow and a 1.5 percent improvement in efficiency. This study provides guidelines for engineers to improve compressor performance for an existing design by applying an optimum casing profile. C1 USAF, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Compressor Res Facil, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Thompson, DW (reprint author), USAF, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 477 EP 486 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 110DL UT WOS:000075364800013 ER PT J AU Chen, MY Murray, PT AF Chen, MY Murray, PT TI Carbon nitride thin-film growth by pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID ION-BEAM; DIAMOND; SOLIDS AB Thin films of carbon nitride were deposited using pulsed laser deposition techniques both with and without an atomic nitrogen source. In situ characterization of chemical composition and atomic bending were studied using scanning Auger, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The influence of growth parameters including substrate temperature, substrate bias, nitrogen partial pressure, and atomic nitrogen on the film composition were studied. Nitrogen content x for CNx films ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 (25-40 at. % nitrogen). Time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the species ejecting from a nitrided carbon target was performed. Neutrals of CN4 and C3N4 clusters and positive ions of CxNy clusters were observed in addition to carbon neutral and positive ion clusters. (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-2101(98)07804-X]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, MLBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, MLBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM chenmyun@ml.wpafb.af.mil NR 16 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2093 EP 2098 DI 10.1116/1.581315 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101CU UT WOS:000074852700014 ER PT J AU Ketsdever, AD Muntz, EP AF Ketsdever, AD Muntz, EP TI Collision cell containment of dense gas targets for high vacuum applications SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article AB The efficient containment of molecular and atomic target gases within a geometrically augmented, inertially tethered collision cell was studied. The collision cell incorporates opposed containment jets whose gas flows act as collisional barriers to the escape of a relatively dense target gas in the central region of the cell. For molecular nitrogen and argon gas flows, gains of a factor of 10 have been observed in reducing target gas loss to the high vacuum system over conventional collision cells. Target gas pressures on the order of tens of mT have been contained within the collision cell with acceptable loss to the high vacuum system. Pressure probe measurements have been used to determine the most efficient placement of the containment jet sources with respect to the openings in the collision cell for molecular nitrogen and argon gas containment. (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-2101(98)00104-3]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Ketsdever, AD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2698 EP 2702 DI 10.1116/1.581403 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101CU UT WOS:000074852700107 ER PT J AU Leyendecker, JR Elsass, KD Johnson, SP Diffin, DC Cull, DL Light, JT Dawson, DL AF Leyendecker, JR Elsass, KD Johnson, SP Diffin, DC Cull, DL Light, JT Dawson, DL TI The role of infrapopliteal MR angiography in patients undergoing optimal contrast angiography for chronic limb-threatening ischemia SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE angiography, comparative studies; arteries, extremities; arteries, stenosis or obstruction; magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; LOWER-EXTREMITY ISCHEMIA; OCCULT RUNOFF VESSELS; CONVENTIONAL ARTERIOGRAPHY; ACCURACY AB PURPOSE: To determine the benefit of infrapopliteal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia who have undergone optimal contrast angiography (CA), PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients (37 limbs) with limb-threatening chronic lower extremity ischemia underwent MRA and CA of the symptomatic extremity. Selective, vasodilator-enhanced digital subtraction angiography of the infrapopliteal vessels was possible for 34 limbs. Two vascular surgeons retrospectively formulated treatment plans based on CA. They then formulated treatment plans based on CA and MRA together. RESULTS: CA clearly visualized 495 of 888 vascular segments as patent, while MRA clearly visualized 412 of 888 segments. Treatment plans differed for at least one of two surgeons in eight limbs, but MRA would possibly have improved clinical outcome in only one. The amount of inflow disease did not appear to influence segment visualization or treatment planning. In eight of 11 limbs that eventually required below- or above-knee amputation, CA clearly visualized more vascular segments than MRA, One patient developed renal insufficiency after CA. CONCLUSION: Most patients undergoing optimal CA for chronic limb-threatening ischemia will not benefit from the addition of MRA, However, MRA should be considered when CA is suboptimal and when it is necessary to conserve contrast material. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Leyendecker, JR (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 9 IS 4 BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(98)70319-7 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 100AF UT WOS:000074791200002 PM 9684821 ER PT J AU Viirre, E Draper, M Gailey, C Miller, D Furness, T AF Viirre, E Draper, M Gailey, C Miller, D Furness, T TI Adaptation of the VOR in patients with low VOR gains SO JOURNAL OF VESTIBULAR RESEARCH-EQUILIBRIUM & ORIENTATION LA English DT Article DE vestibulo-ocular reflex; adaptation; gain; increments ID EYE AB Six subjects with histories of vertigo and with vestibule-ocular reflex (VOR) gains less than 0.5 were tested in an adaptation protocol. After initial VOR testing in the dark, the subjects had a computer-driven visual display system placed on their heads. The system had the capability for variation of visual image magnification, The magnification was set to be 5% greater than the subject's average VOR gain. Subjects then performed active head movements as they carried out a visual searching task looking for objects in a panoramic scene. After 6 minutes with each image, the magnification was increased by 3 to 5%. The process was repeated for a total of 5 images, for a total increase in magnification of approximately 20% over 30 minutes, The VOR gain was measured again. In 17 of 18 conditions tested, the VOR gain increased. The average increase was 16%. Significant increases in VOR gain occurred at 0.32 and 0.64 Hz. The VOR gain increase in these patients occurred in a visual environment that lowered VOR gain in normal subjects. Thee results suggest that the VOR has an adaptation mechanism tuned to correct for small changes in required gain. Further research is necessary to determine if this method can result in persistent VOR gain improvements and reduction in symptoms and disability in patients with vestibular disorders. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Human Interface Technol Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Div Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Civilian Inst Program, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Audiol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Viirre, E (reprint author), Univ Washington, Human Interface Technol Lab, Box 352142, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0957-4271 J9 J VESTIBUL RES-EQUIL JI J. Vestib. Res.-Equilib. Orientat. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 331 EP 334 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA ZU630 UT WOS:000074217300005 PM 9652483 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Slater, JC AF Wang, Y Slater, JC TI A comparison of conventional and impedance methods for modeling piezoelectric materials actuation in smart structures SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB In this paper two distinct methods, an impedance method and a "conventional" method, for modeling the dynamic interaction between the piezoelectric actuators/sensors and the substructures are summarized It is demonstrated that both methods yield equivalent models for the beam with piezoceramic actuation. The pros and cons of each technique are discussed. C1 Armstrong Lab, Occupat & Environm Hlth Directorate, Math Prod Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, Occupat & Environm Hlth Directorate, Math Prod Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RI Slater, Joseph/E-1157-2011; OI Slater, Joseph/0000-0002-1923-9279 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 685 EP 688 DI 10.1115/1.2893884 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 103HY UT WOS:000075152800008 ER PT J AU Baeslack, WA Liu, PS Smith, PR Gould, J AF Baeslack, WA Liu, PS Smith, PR Gould, J TI Characterization of solid-state resistance welds in SiC-reinforced (orthorhombic-based Ti-22Al-23Nb (at.%) titanium aluminide SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Ind Welding & Syst Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Edison Welding Inst, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Baeslack, WA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 41 IS 1 BP 41 EP 51 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 120ZE UT WOS:000075987100005 ER PT J AU Seetharaman, V Semiatin, SL AF Seetharaman, V Semiatin, SL TI Intergranular fracture of gamma titanium aluminides under hot working conditions SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT; DEFORMATION; NUCLEATION; ALLOYS AB A comparative study of the hot workability of a near gamma titanium aluminide alloy Ti-49.5Al-2.5Nb-1.1Mn in the cast and wrought conditions was performed. Tension tests conducted on coarse grain, cast material, and fine grain wrought material revealed a pronounced variation in both fracture/peak stress and ductility with temperature and strain rate. Brittle, intergranular fracture occurring at high strain rates was found to be controlled by wedge crack nucleation, whereas the ductile fracture observed at low strain rates was controlled by the growth of wedge cracks and cavities. Dynamic recrystallization was shown to be the main restorative mechanism to accommodate grain boundary sliding and thereby control the crack growth rates. The ductile-to-brittle (DB) transition was found to be determined by the critical values of a grain size-based stress intensity factor given by the product of the peak/fracture stress and the square root of grain size. A processing map for the near gamma titanium aluminides was constructed based on the comparative analysis of the hot tension and compression test results. C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Mat & Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLLM, AFRL,Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Seetharaman, V (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Mat & Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1991 EP 1999 DI 10.1007/s11661-998-0025-1 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 104BJ UT WOS:000074992100027 ER PT J AU Ohmer, MC Pandey, R Bairamov, BH AF Ohmer, MC Pandey, R Bairamov, BH TI Emergence of chalcopyrites as nonlinear optical materials SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; ZNGEP2; SEMICONDUCTORS; CRYSTAL C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLPO, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Ohmer, MC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLPO, 3005 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Bairamov, Bakhysh/C-1009-2014 OI Bairamov, Bakhysh/0000-0002-9782-6399 NR 25 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 23 IS 7 BP 16 EP 20 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101DP UT WOS:000074854600018 ER PT J AU Schunemann, PG Schepler, KL Budni, PA AF Schunemann, PG Schepler, KL Budni, PA TI Nonlinear frequency conversion performance of AgGaSe2, ZnGeP2, and CdGeAs2 SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID GENERATION C1 Sanders Lockheed Martin Co, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. US Air Force, Res Lab, Electroopt Targeting Branch, Sensors Directorate, Washington, DC USA. RP Schunemann, PG (reprint author), Sanders Lockheed Martin Co, 130 DW Highway N,MER 15-1813, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. OI Schepler, Kenneth/0000-0001-9658-2305 NR 35 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 10 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 23 IS 7 BP 45 EP 49 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101DP UT WOS:000074854600023 ER PT J AU Mummidi, S Ahuja, SS Gonzalez, E Anderson, SA Santiago, EN Stephan, KT Craig, FE O'Connell, P Tryon, V Clark, RA Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK AF Mummidi, S Ahuja, SS Gonzalez, E Anderson, SA Santiago, EN Stephan, KT Craig, FE O'Connell, P Tryon, V Clark, RA Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK TI Genealogy of the CCR5 locus and chemokine system gene variants associated with altered rates of HIV-1 disease progression SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; RECEPTOR; ENTRY; LESTR/FUSIN; INDIVIDUALS; RESISTANCE; COFACTOR; LIGAND; ALLELE; SDF-1 AB Allelic variants for the HIV-1 co-receptors chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and CCR2, as well as the ligand for the co-receptor CXCR4 stromal-derived factor (SDF-1), have been associated with a delay in disease progression. We began this study to test whether polymorphisms in the CCR5 regulatory regions influence the course of HIV-1 disease, as well as to examine the role of the previously identified allelic variants in 1,090 HIV-1 infected individuals. Here we describe the evolutionary relationships between the phenotypically important CCR5 alleles, define precisely the CCR5 regulatory sequences that are linked to the CCR5-Delta 32 and CCR2-64i polymorphisms, and identify genotypes associated with altered rates of HIV-1 disease progression. The disease-retarding effects of the CCR2-641 allele were found in African Americans but not in Caucasians, and the SDF1-3'A/3'A genotype was associated with an accelerated progression to death. In contrast, the CCR5-Delta 32 allele and a CCR5 promoter mutation with which it is tightly linked were associated with limited disease-retarding effects. Collectively, these findings draw attention to a complex array of genetic determinants in the HIV-host interplay. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 NR 34 TC 264 Z9 276 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 7 BP 786 EP 793 DI 10.1038/nm0798-786 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZX687 UT WOS:000074543900032 PM 9662369 ER PT J AU Heidler, JT AF Heidler, JT TI A-Train: Memoirs of a Tuskegee Airman SO NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USAF Acad, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Heidler, JT (reprint author), USAF Acad, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW, 1013 MESA VISTA HALL, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131-1186 USA SN 0028-6206 J9 NEW MEX HIST REV JI N. M. Hist. Rev. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 73 IS 3 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC History SC History GA ZY483 UT WOS:000074626300024 ER PT J AU Shaffer, RA Charlton, DG Hermesch, CB AF Shaffer, RA Charlton, DG Hermesch, CB TI Repairability of three resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID CEMENTS AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repair shear bond strengths of three resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials repaired at two different times. Thirty specimens of Fuji II LC, Vitremer, and Photac-Fil were prepared in cavities (2 mm X 7 mm) cut into acrylic resin cylinders. After the initial fill, half of the specimens were repaired 5 minutes later and half 1 week later. The specimens were stored in 37 degrees C distilled water when not being repaired or tested. Repairs were made without any surface preparation of the initial fill. Each specimen was mixed according to the manufacturer's directions, placed in the preparation in 1-mm increments and photocured for 40 seconds. The last increment was covered with a plastic strip and a glass slide before curing to create a smooth surface. Repairs were accomplished by drying the specimen for 10 seconds, then adding the new material to the unprepared surface using a 3-mm-thick polytetrafluoroethylene mold. The specimens were thermocycled 500 times, stored in 37 degrees C distilled water for 1 week, then loaded to failure in shear at a rate of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Z-value multiple comparison test to determine significant differences at the 0.05 significance level. Vitremer showed no significant difference in shear bond strength for 5-minute and 1-week repair periods, while Fuji II LC and Photac-Fil did. Repair bond strength of Vitremer was significantly greater than Fuji II LC and Photac-Fil at both repair times. This study showed that time of repair significantly affected the bond strength of two of the materials tested. C1 Dunn Dent Clin, Dept Gen Dent, 59th Med Wing DSG, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Shaffer, RA (reprint author), Dunn Dent Clin, Dept Gen Dent, 59th Med Wing DSG, 1615 Truemper St, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV WASHINGTON PI SEATTLE PA SCHOOL DENTISTRY SM-57, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0361-7734 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 23 IS 4 BP 168 EP 172 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 101KX UT WOS:000074869100003 PM 9760918 ER PT J AU Paxton, AT Sun, YQ AF Paxton, AT Sun, YQ TI The role of planar fault energy in the yield anomaly in L1(2) intermetallics SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID LL2 ORDERED ALLOYS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; ANTIPHASE-BOUNDARY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CROSS-SLIP; STRESS; NI3AL; FLOW AB We have used ab initio quantum mechanics to calculate planar fault energies in a number of L1(2) intermetallic compounds. Used in conjunction with a diagram of Saada and Veyssiere showing elastic and antiphase-boundary anisotropies we show that such calculations may be used to predict the occurrence of the yield strength anomaly. The less common 'normal' yield behaviour of Pt-3 Al is shown to have a different origin from what was previously thought. We are able to make predicted estimates of the size of the dissociated core of screw superdislocations. The nature of the activated process is also discussed. Microscopic factors determining fault energy are described, and we separate faults into those whose energy is chemical and those whose energy is structural in origin. Use is made of the axial Ising model to analyse structural fault energies. We find a marked difference between the properties of Ni3Si and Ni3Ge and show that this arises because the bonding is more ionic in Ni3Si and more covalent in Ni3Ge. In spite of these wide differences, both show a strong yield anomaly. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. USAF, Wright Lab, WL MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Paxton, AT (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. OI Paxton, Anthony/0000-0003-4182-8210 NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 78 IS 1 BP 85 EP 103 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA ZU426 UT WOS:000074195900004 ER PT J AU Mather, PT Romo-Uribe, A AF Mather, PT Romo-Uribe, A TI Rheological and mechanical relaxation behavior of a thermally crosslinkable poly(ethylene terephthalate) SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE) AB A novel terephthalic acid derivative based on benzocyclobutene, XTA, has been used as a comonomer in the preparation of thermally crosslinkable poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers. We have examined the rheological properties of a series of such polymers containing varying monomer percentages of the XTA comonomer: 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20. Incorporation of XTA into PET is found to cause dramatic changes in the temperature and time dependence of the rheological material functions, all indicating that the rate of crosslinking between chains in the melt increases as the XTA percentage is increased. The impact of thermal crosslinking on mechanical properties is also examined using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) on samples molded at a selected crosslinking temperature for times yielding varying levels of crosslinking extent. DMA results show that the activation energy of the beta mechanical relaxation increases significantly, indicating the importance of torsional mobility of the aromatic ring of PET. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Systran Corp, USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Mather, PT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1174 EP 1184 DI 10.1002/pen.10285 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 109TB UT WOS:000075338300016 ER PT J AU Hartnett, MP Clancy, JT Denton, RJ AF Hartnett, MP Clancy, JT Denton, RJ TI Utilization of a nonrecurrent waveform to mitigate range-folded spread Doppler clutter: Application to over-the-horizon radar SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB This paper describes the application of a new nonrecurrent waveform (NRWF) to a relocatable over-the-horizon radar (ROTHR) located in southern Virginia. The waveform is designed to improve the detection of aircraft targets through the mitigation of long-range spread Doppler clutter (SDC) encountered during nighttime operations. A discussion of the NRWF and its principle of operation are included, along with a brief description of ROTHR modifications. The focus of the paper is the presentation of test results from engineering, clutter mitigation, and target detection tests conducted during January through April of 1997. C1 Decis Sci Applicat Inc, Rome, NY 13440 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Surveillance Radar Technol Directorate, SNRD, Rome, NY 13441 USA. RP Hartnett, MP (reprint author), Decis Sci Applicat Inc, 1300B Floyd Ave, Rome, NY 13440 USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1125 EP 1133 DI 10.1029/98RS01707 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 105RZ UT WOS:000075088500028 ER PT J AU Dandekar, BS Sales, GS Weijers, B Reynolds, D AF Dandekar, BS Sales, GS Weijers, B Reynolds, D TI Study of equatorial clutter using observed and simulated long-range backscatter ionograms SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB This synoptic study of equatorial clutter used over 6200 long-range (8000 nautical miles, or 14,816 km) backscatter ionograms from the east coast over-the-horizon backscatter (OTH-B) radar system at Banger, Maine, obtained from 1100 to 0500 LT during the 22-month period from October 1991 to July 1993. Data were collected in five 7.5 degrees-wide azimuthal sectors (radar beams 1-6, 1-8, 2-4, 2-8, and 3-5) from 58 degrees T to 170 degrees T. The backscatter clutter signatures can be identified with an equatorial clutter region covering a dip latitude range of +/-40 degrees. Equatorial clutter typically begins after sunset and continues through midnight, with a minimum of activity between 1700 and 2200 LT. The clutter range shows some dependence on solar activity, with a reduction in range from the radar from high to moderate solar activity periods. These data did not show any dependence of clutter on operating frequency or on magnetic activity. Synthetic backscatter ionograms were generated using the parameterized ionospheric model (PIM) for the ray trace technique. The analysis shows that the equatorial dome of the ionosphere favors the chordal mode of reflection from the south side (the farther side from the radar) of the dome, which produces horizontal traces as clutter signatures on the backscatter ionograms. The reduction in range at moderate solar activity is associated with the lowering of the mean height of the ionospheric dome. In beams 2-8 and 3-5 the ionospheric dome structure is associated with the equatorial (Appleton) anomaly. This dome structure geometry favors the chordal mode of reflection. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBI, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Atmospher Res, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, SNHA, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Radex Inc, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Dandekar, BS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBI, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM dandeka@plh.af.mil; gary_sales@uml.edu; bert@crimson.rl.plh.af.mil; dsreyn@ll.mit.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1135 EP 1157 DI 10.1029/98RS01001 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 105RZ UT WOS:000075088500029 ER PT J AU Bimberg, D Ledentsov, NN Grundmann, M Heinrichsdorff, F Ustinov, VM Kop'ev, PS Alferov, ZHI Lott, JA AF Bimberg, D Ledentsov, NN Grundmann, M Heinrichsdorff, F Ustinov, VM Kop'ev, PS Alferov, ZHI Lott, JA TI Edge and vertical cavity surface emitting InAs quantum dot lasers SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nano Physics and Electronics (NPE 97) CY SEP 18-20, 1997 CL UNIV TOKYO, ROPPONG CAMPUS, TOKYO, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Ind Sci, Min Educ Sci & Culture, Japan HO UNIV TOKYO, ROPPONG CAMPUS ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GAAS; GROWTH; ISLANDS; INGAAS; GAIN; HETEROSTRUCTURES; LUMINESCENCE; THRESHOLD; OPERATION AB Quantum dot (QD) edge emitting and vertical cavity lasers are realized using a self-organized growth approach. Threshold current densities at room temperature (RT) of about 60 A cm(-2) for edge emitting and 170 A cm(-2) for vertical cavity lasers are measured. High internal (>96%) and differential (70%) efficiencies are obtained for InGaAs-AlGaAs lasers based on vertically coupled QDs and RT 1 W continuous wave operation is demonstrated. QD lasers exhibit much larger gain, differential gain and smaller linewidth enhancement factor as compared to conventional quantum well devices. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. USAF, Inst Technol, DECE 2950, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bimberg, D (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. RI Ustinov, Viktor/J-3545-2013; Grundmann, Marius/D-4229-2012 OI Grundmann, Marius/0000-0001-7554-182X NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 42 IS 7-8 BP 1433 EP 1437 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(98)00044-6 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 101HR UT WOS:000074864000070 ER PT J AU Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF AF Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF TI Phase control of MoxN films via chemical vapor deposition SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE MoxN films; phase control; chemical vapor deposition ID NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; MOLYBDENUM NITRIDE; GAMMA-MO2N; COATINGS; NITROGEN AB Polycrystalline single phase (gamma-Mo2N and delta-MoN) and two phase (gamma-Mo2N + delta-MoN) films have been deposited via chemical vapor deposition on prepared 50 mu m thick polycrystalline Ti substrates using both molybdenum pentachloride (MoCl5) and molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)(6)), diluted in either N-2 or Ar, and anhydrous ammonia (NH3) in a cold-wall, vertical pancake-style reactor. X-ray diffraction data showed that polycrystalline, single phase gamma-Mo2N films were deposited between 400-450 degrees C with the MoCl5 precursor and between 350-500 degrees C with the Mo(CO)(6) precursor. Above these respective temperatures and up to 700 degrees C, a two-phase mixture of gamma-Mo2N and delta-MoN was observed. At 700 degrees C, single phase delta-MoN films were deposited by employing the Mo(CO)(6) precursor and 1.5 slm of NH3; however, a two phase mixture of approximate to 95 at.% delta-MoN and approximate to 5 at.% gamma-Mo2N was observed in films prepared using the MoCl5 precursor. Regardless of the precursor, decreases in the NH3 flow rate were matched by decreases in delta-MoN percentages at each temperature where delta-MoN was present. Increasing in the deposition rate also resulted in decreasing delta-MoN percentages at each deposition temperature. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) indicated that the porous microstructure of the films were dependent on both the deposition temperature and the precursor employed. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) data indicated that films deposited at and above 400 degrees C with the MoCl5 precursor did not contain detectable levels of chlorine. Higher carbon levels were detected in films deposited with the Mo(CO)(6) precursor than with the MoCl5 precursor. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Roberson, SL (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, Munit Directorate, Bldg 432 Fuzes Branch,306 W Eglin Blvd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 324 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(97)01202-9 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ598 UT WOS:000074746200005 ER PT J AU Nicholson, JW Rudolph, W Hager, G AF Nicholson, JW Rudolph, W Hager, G TI Generation of 14 GHz radiation using a two frequency iodine laser SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HETERODYNE AB A mode-locked and gain-switched photolytic iodine laser Zeeman tuned to operate simultaneously on the two strongest hyperfine transitions is shown to emit 1.315 mu m radiation modulated at 13.9 GHz. The interaction of this laser radiation with suitable targets leads to die generation of microwave pulses that consist of only a few cycles at 13.9GHz, making the system attractive for ultra-wide-band. short pulse radar applications. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Nicholson, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 29 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 26 BP 3402 EP 3404 DI 10.1063/1.121646 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PM UT WOS:000075274700002 ER PT J AU Pandey, R Ohmer, MC Gale, JD AF Pandey, R Ohmer, MC Gale, JD TI A theoretical study of native acceptors in CdGeAs2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID CHALCOPYRITE AB Native acceptor centres in CdGeAs2 are studied using atomistic simulation techniques for which a new set of interatomic potential parameters consisting of two- and three-body terms is developed. Crystal lattice constants, elastic and low- and high-frequency dielectric constants are well reproduced in this atomistic model. The calculated formation energies for vacancies, interstitials and antisites in this material suggest that the intrinsic disorder is dominated by antisites in the cation sublattice followed by the Schottky and Frenkel defects. The acceptor centre identified by Hall-effect measurements and EPR is found to be related to the delocalized hole shared by the four As neighbours bound to CdGe. For this centre, calculations yield a binding energy of 0.13 eV in an agreement with the experimental value of 0.15 eV obtained by the Hall-effect measurements. Furthermore calculations provide the magnitude of the lattice distortion introduced by this acceptor centre in CdGeAs2 which can be used for the analysis of ENDOR experiments. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AY, England. RP Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RI Gale, Julian/B-7987-2009 OI Gale, Julian/0000-0001-9587-9457 NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 29 PY 1998 VL 10 IS 25 BP 5525 EP 5533 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/25/005 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZY759 UT WOS:000074656500005 ER PT J AU MacGorman, DR Morgenstern, CD AF MacGorman, DR Morgenstern, CD TI Some characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning in mesoscale convective systems SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity (ICAE 10) CY JUN 10-13, 1996 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Int Commiss Atmospher Electr, Meterol Soc Japan, Int Union Radio Sci, Inst Electr Engn Japan, Japan Res Grp Electr Discharge, Sci Council Japan, Commemorat Assoc Japan World Expoosit ID FLASH CHARACTERISTICS; DIRECTION-FINDER; STROKES; NETWORK; STORM; THUNDERSTORMS; CALIBRATION; LOCATIONS AB Selected characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning were analyzed for twenty-five mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that occurred within the range of the National Severe Storm Laboratory direction-finder network during the warm season of 1986. Positive ground flashes comprised 6% of ground flashes in MCSs versus 4% in warm-season thunderstorms overall. For negative ground flashes the distribution of estimated peak currents from MCSs appeared almost identical to the distribution from all thunderstorms. The distribution of estimated peak currents varied more fi:om MCS to MCS for positive ground flashes than for negative ground flashes, and the distributions for positive ground flashes in MCSs usually appeared much different from those for storms overall. We divided the spectrum of peak current distributions for positive ground flashes of individual MCSs into three categories: (I.) the small-amplitude category (mode of 9-13 kA; few flashes with >40 kA), (2) the middle-amplitude category (mode of 13-17 kA; many flashes with >40 kA), and (3) the large-amplitude category (mode of 51-56 kA). MCSs in the large-amplitude category occurred throughout the warm season; those in the small-amplitude category, primarily during April, May, and September; and those in the middle-amplitude category, during June-August. The maximum total ground flash rate per 30-min period in each MCS tended to be smallest in the large-amplitude category. Median peak currents for all 30-min periods of MCSs in our analysis converged on a relatively narrow range of values when flash rates of a given ground flash polarity increased to large values. For negative ground flashes the median peak currents converged on 25-30 kA in all MCSs. For positive ground flashes the median peak currents converged on one of two narrow ranges: roughly 10 kA for the small-amplitude category and 60 kA for the large- and middle-amplitude categories. C1 NOAA, Environm Res Lab, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. USAF, Norman, OK USA. RP MacGorman, DR (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Res Lab, Natl Severe Storms Lab, 1313 Halley Cir, Norman, OK 73069 USA. EM don.macgorman@nssl.noaa.gov; MORGECD@alfa.com OI MacGorman, Donald/0000-0002-2395-8196 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 27 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D12 BP 14011 EP 14023 DI 10.1029/97JD03221 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZW708 UT WOS:000074439500029 ER PT J AU Walker, D Saxler, A Kung, P Zhang, X Hamilton, M Diaz, J Razeghi, M AF Walker, D Saxler, A Kung, P Zhang, X Hamilton, M Diaz, J Razeghi, M TI Visible blind GaN p-i-n photodiodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODETECTOR; JUNCTIONS; DETECTORS AB We present the growth and characterization of GaN p-i-n photodiodes with a very high degree of visible blindness. The thin films were grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The room-temperature spectral response shows a high responsivity of 0.15 A/W up until 365 nm, above which the response decreases by six orders of magnitude. Current/voltage measurements supply us with a zero bias resistance of 10(11) Ohm. Lastly, the temporal response shows a rise and fall time of 2.5 mu s measured at zero bias. This response time is limited by the measurement circuit. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)01425-9]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Quantum Devices, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Walker, D (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Quantum Devices, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009 NR 12 TC 113 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 22 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 25 BP 3303 EP 3305 DI 10.1063/1.121631 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PJ UT WOS:000075274400021 ER PT J AU Andersen, G Knize, RJ AF Andersen, G Knize, RJ TI A high resolution, holographically corrected microscope with a Fresnel lens objective at large working distances. SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We present details of a microscope which incorporates an inexpensive, high numerical aperture Fresnel lens objective. The system aberrations are corrected by the use of an image hologram of the lens recorded using a point source of coherent illumination. This device gives high resolution, real time imaging while maintaining a large working distance. The same microscope can be used for micromachining and photolithography in situations where close proximity to the sample is impossible or undesirable. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Andersen, G (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Suite 2A6,2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUN 22 PY 1998 VL 2 IS 13 BP 546 EP 551 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 122XF UT WOS:000076096200005 PM 19381227 ER PT J AU Essell, JH Schroeder, MT Harman, GS Halvorson, R Lew, V Callander, N Snyder, M Lewis, SK Allerton, JP Thompson, JM AF Essell, JH Schroeder, MT Harman, GS Halvorson, R Lew, V Callander, N Snyder, M Lewis, SK Allerton, JP Thompson, JM TI Ursodiol prophylaxis against hepatic complications of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ursodeoxycholic acid; bone marrow transplantation; transplantation, homologous; hepatic veno-occlusive disease ID PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS; VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE; URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; BUSULFAN; LIVER; PREVENTION; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AB Background: Hepatic complications are a major cause of illness and death after bone marrow transplantation. Objective: To confirm the results of a pilot study that indicated that ursodiol prophylaxis could reduce the incidence of veno-occlusive disease of the liver. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients: 67 consecutive patients undergoing transplantation with allogeneic bone marrow (donated by a relative) in whom busulfan plus cyclophosphamide was used as the preparative regimen and cyclosporine plus methotrexate was used to prevent graft-versus-host disease. Intervention: Before the preparative regimen was started, patients were randomly assigned to receive ursodiol, 300 mg twice daily (or 300 mg in the morning and 600 mg in the evening if body weight was > 90 kg), or placebo. Measurements: Patients were prospectively evaluated for the clinical diagnosis of veno-occlusive disease, the occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease, and survival. Results: The incidence of veno-occlusive disease was 40% (13 of 32 patients) in placebo recipients and 15% (5 of 34 patients) in ursodiol recipients (P = 0.03). Assignment to placebo was the only pretransplantation characteristic that predicted the development of veno-occlusive disease. The most significant predictor of 100-day mortality was the diagnosis of veno-occlusive disease. The difference in actuarial risk for hematologic relapse in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and nonhepatic toxicities between the two groups was not statistically significant (13% in the ursodiol group and 20% in the placebo group; P > 0.2). Conclusion: Ursodiol prophylaxis seemed to decrease the incidence of hepatic complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in patients who received a preparative regimen with busulfan plus cyclophosphamide. C1 Oncol Hematol Care Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Essell, JH (reprint author), Oncol Hematol Care Inc, 199 William H Taft Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. NR 37 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 128 IS 12 BP 975 EP + PN 1 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU474 UT WOS:000074201300002 PM 9625683 ER PT J AU Hutchins, SR Miller, DE Thomas, A AF Hutchins, SR Miller, DE Thomas, A TI Combined laboratory/field study on the use of nitrate for in situ bioremediation of a fuel-contaminated aquifer SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ANAEROBIC DEGRADATION; DENITRIFYING CONDITIONS; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; REDUCING CONDITIONS; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; TOLUENE; BIODEGRADATION; GROUNDWATER; BENZENE AB A pilot demonstration project was conducted at Eglin Air Force Base, FL, to compare the extent of bioremediation of a fuel-contaminated aquifer using sprinkler application with and without nitrate addition on two adjacent 30 m x 30 m cells. Target compound groups included both BTEXTMB (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and trimethylbenzenes) and the JP-4 jet fuel. Bioremediation performance was monitored through the use of groundwater quality measurements as well as periodic core analyses. Operation began April 1994, and an interim performance evaluation was conducted August 1994. The final performance evaluation was conducted May 1995. Minimal remediation occurred during the first four months. Water quality analyses showed that the nitrate cell subsurface was actively denitrifying, but lysimeter samples indicated that much of the nitrate was consumed within the rhizosphere above the fuel-contaminated interval. A 9 m x 9 m plot inside each cell was therefore stripped of vegetative cover and covered with a weed barrier to enhance nitrate transfer into the subsurface. After an additional 8 months operation, lysimeter samples showed increased nitrate transfer to the contaminated interval beneath the nitrate cell stripped plot, and there was higher fractional removal of contaminant groups beneath the stripped plots as well. On the basis of core data, BTEXTMB was reduced by 66 +/- 1% in both treatment cells, equivalent to a mass loss of 106 and 21 kg in the nitrate cell and control cell, respectively. Monitoring well data provided evidence of sulfate reduction in the control cell but not in the nitrate cell. In addition, post-test treatability studies using Gore material from both cells demonstrated removal of alkylbenzenes under denitrifying and iron-reducing conditions, with different profiles for each cell. One year after completion of the project, BTEXTMB reductions in downgradient monitoring wells remained consistent with the core data. Collective laboratory and field data indicated that contaminant reduction occurred as a result of anaerobic bioremediation as well as soil washing and that different anaerobic processes predominated in the control cell due to circulation of endogenous electron accepters. C1 US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. USAF, Armstrong Lab, Environn Directorate, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Hutchins, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM hutchins.steve@epamail.epa.gov NR 52 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 12 BP 1832 EP 1840 DI 10.1021/es971064l PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZV354 UT WOS:000074296200014 ER PT J AU Kessler, WJ Davis, SJ Miller, HC Hager, GD AF Kessler, WJ Davis, SJ Miller, HC Hager, GD TI Optically pumped hydrogen fluoride laser SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY-TRANSFER; DOUBLE-RESONANCE MEASUREMENTS; STIMULATED-EMISSION; COEFFICIENTS; RELAXATION; CO2; N2O; HF AB We present results from a study of an optically pumped hydrogen fluoride laser. Rotation-vibration transitions within the (2,0) band near 1.3 mu m ate pumped, and bath amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and laser oscillation are observed on (2,1) band transitions; near 2.7 mu m. Longitudinal and transverse pumping schemes are discussed. We also have pumped the (3,0) band and observed ASE on both the (3,2) and (2,1) bands. This system serves as a prototype for other mid-infrared diatomic and polyatomic lasers based upon overtone pumping. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Phys Sci Inc, Andover, MA 01810 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Lasers & Imaging Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Kessler, WJ (reprint author), Phys Sci Inc, 20 New England Business Ctr, Andover, MA 01810 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 12 BP 7448 EP 7452 DI 10.1063/1.367506 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GJ UT WOS:000075257500006 ER PT J AU Noack, J Hammer, DX Noojin, GD Rockwell, BA Vogel, A AF Noack, J Hammer, DX Noojin, GD Rockwell, BA Vogel, A TI Influence of pulse duration on mechanical effects after laser-induced breakdown in water SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIRST-ORDER MODEL; SHOCK-WAVE; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; CAVITATION BUBBLES; OPTICAL-BREAKDOWN; SPATIAL DYNAMICS; THRESHOLDS; PICOSECOND; TISSUE; PHOTODISRUPTION AB The influence of the pulse duration on the mechanical effects following laser-induced breakdown in water was studied at pulse durations between 100 fs and 100 ns. Breakdown was generated by focusing laser pulses into a cuvette containing distilled water. The pulse energy corresponded to 6-times breakdown threshold energy. Plasma formation and shock wave emission were studied photographically. The plasma photographs show a strong influence of self-focusing on the plasma geometry for femtosecond pulses. Streak photographic recording of the shock propagation in the immediate vicinity of the breakdown region allowed the measurement of the near-field shock pressure. At the plasma rim, shock pressures between 3 and 9 GPa were observed for most pulse durations. The shock pressure rapidly decays proportionally to r(-(2...3)) With increasing distance r from the optical axis. At a 6 mm distance of the shock pressure has dropped to (8.5+/-0.6) MPa for 76 ns and to <0.1 MPa for femtosecond pulses. The radius of the cavitation bubble is reduced from 2.5 mm (76 ns pulses) to less than 50 mu m for femtosecond pulses. Mechanical effects such as shock wave emission and cavitation bubble expansion are greatly reduced for shorter laser pulses, because the energy required to produce breakdown decreases with decreasing pulse duration, and because a larger fraction of energy is required to overcome the heat of vaporization with femtosecond pulses. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Med Laser Ctr Lubeck GmbH, D-23562 Lubeck, Germany. Univ Texas, Dept Biomed Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. Armstrong Lab, Opt Radiat Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Noack, J (reprint author), Med Laser Ctr Lubeck GmbH, Peter Monnik Weg 4, D-23562 Lubeck, Germany. EM noack@mll.mu_luebeck.de RI Vogel, Alfred/D-9852-2011 NR 39 TC 135 Z9 141 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 12 BP 7488 EP 7495 DI 10.1063/1.367512 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GJ UT WOS:000075257500012 ER PT J AU Varangis, PM Gavrielides, A Kovanis, V Erneux, T Lester, LF AF Varangis, PM Gavrielides, A Kovanis, V Erneux, T Lester, LF TI All-optical double-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation of semiconductor lasers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INJECTION; SUBJECT AB We demonstrate theoretically and verify experimentally that injection locking may be used to achieve double-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation of semiconductor lasers. Our theoretical investigation explains the suppression of the optical carrier and illustrates the dominant role of the phase in prescribing the response of the injected laser. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF, Res Lab, DELO, Nonlinear Opt Ctr, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Free Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Varangis, PM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DELO, Nonlinear Opt Ctr, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 12 BP 8071 EP 8073 DI 10.1063/1.367903 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GJ UT WOS:000075257500094 ER PT J AU Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF AF Roberson, SL Finello, D Davis, RF TI Synthesis of low oxygen concentration molybdenum nitride films SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE molybdenum nitride film; film-substrate interface; high surface area film; small grain size ID SURFACE-AREA; ASSISTED DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; MON FILMS; HYDRODENITROGENATION; COATINGS; MO2N; GAMMA-MO2N; CATALYSTS; QUINOLINE AB Polycrystalline, small grain size, 15 mu m thick MoxN (x = 1 and 2) films containing approximate to 60 at.% gamma-Mo2N and approximate to 40 at.% delta-MoN and void of Auger detectable concentrations of molybdenum oxides, have been prepared on 50-mu m thick nitrided Ti substrates via programmed reaction and subsequent anneal at 750 degrees C for 2 h of the precursor MoO3 films with NH3. The latter films were prepared via liquid spray pyrolysis of an MoCl3/methanol mixture in air at 500 degrees C. By contrast, residual MoO2 occurred near the film-substrate interface in MoxN films produced using the same programmed reaction but where MoO3 had been deposited on bale Ti substrates. The change in density of MoO3 (rho = 4.69 g cm(-3)) to gamma-Mo2N (rho = 9.50 g cm(-3)) and delta-MoN (rho = 9.05 g cm(-3)), as well as the nature of the topotactic conversion, produced grains which had a calculated average size of 10 nm and which exhibited good adhesion to the substrate. Variations in the conversion heating rates and the NH3 flow rates also affected both the phase composition and the average grain size of the intermediate and the final reaction products. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the MoxN films revealed a highly porous surface morphology. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Labs, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Roberson, SL (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, Munit Directorate, Bldg 432 Fuzes Branch,306 W Eglin Blvd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 248 IS 1-2 BP 198 EP 205 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00483-3 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZZ400 UT WOS:000074725600024 ER PT J AU Gurley, KS Andersen, GP Knize, RJ White, WR Johnson, MD AF Gurley, KS Andersen, GP Knize, RJ White, WR Johnson, MD TI Wavelength dependence of wavefront correction using holography in a saturable absorber SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE holography; four-wave mixing; wavefront correction ID PHASE-CONJUGATE MIRROR; BORIC-ACID GLASS; FLUORESCEIN AB We examine the use of holography to correct aberrated optical elements with different write and read beam wavelengths. The wavefront correction is obtained using nondegenerate four wave mixing in a thin saturable absorber. We show, for the first time, quantitative agreement between the corrected wavefront error and theory for a range of reading beam wavelengths that are up to a factor of two larger than the writing beam wavelength. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Knize, RJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, 2354 Fairchild Hall, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 152 IS 1-3 BP 16 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00137-0 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 101RB UT WOS:000074881000004 ER PT J AU Lu, YL Jin, GH Cronin-Golomb, M Liu, SW Jiang, H Wang, FL Zhao, J Wang, SQ Drehman, AJ AF Lu, YL Jin, GH Cronin-Golomb, M Liu, SW Jiang, H Wang, FL Zhao, J Wang, SQ Drehman, AJ TI Fabrication and optical characterization of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 planar thin film optical waveguides SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION; SYSTEM AB Highly (110)-oriented and (100) nearly epitaxial 0.7PMN-0.3PT thin films were deposited on (1012) sapphire and (100) LaAlO3 substrates, respectively, using a dip-coating method. Optical waveguide characterization and electro-optic effect measurements of the film on sapphire substrate were demonstrated. Low propagation loss of 4.1 dB/cm and high quadratic electro-optic coefficient of 0.75 x 10(-16) (m/V)(2) were obtained at wavelength of 632.8 nm. Epitaxial PMN-PT thin films will be suitable for integrated optic devices. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Tufts Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ctr Electroopt Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NZ Appl Technol Inc, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. USAF, AFRL, SNHX, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Lu, YL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ctr Electroopt Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RI Cronin-Golomb, Mark/A-5430-2012 OI Cronin-Golomb, Mark/0000-0002-8936-4358 NR 13 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 8 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 23 BP 2927 EP 2929 DI 10.1063/1.121496 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PD UT WOS:000075273900001 ER PT J AU Williams, S Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Dressler, RA AF Williams, S Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Dressler, RA TI Deuterium isotope effects in collision-induced dissociation and photodissociation of the (N2O,H2O)(+) cluster ion SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENTIAL BOND-ENERGIES AB We present low energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) and visible photodissociation (PD) data of jet-cooled (N2O,H2O/D2O)(+) cluster ions. The same three fragment ions are observed in both CID and PD, namely, H2O+/D2O+, N2O+, and N2OH+/N2OD+. The H2O+ and N2O+ product channels exhibit a small deuterium isotope effect in both CID (10%) and PD (15%). The N2OH+ product channel, on the other hand, exhibits a much larger deuterium isotope effect for CID (30%) and PD (230%). The large difference in deuterium isotope effects observed in the N2OH+ product channel for CID and PD suggests that this product is formed via collision-induced and photoinduced proton-transfer reactions. These results are consistent with the interpretation that a single isomeric form, namely a (N2O . H2O)(+) association complex, predominates. No evidence is found supporting the existence of a proton-transfer complex, i.e., N2OH+. OH. Evidence for the formation of minor amounts of a weakly bound isomeric form with the charge localized on the H2O moiety, i.e., N2O . H2O+, is found. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Williams, S (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBM, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 22 BP 9383 EP 9389 DI 10.1063/1.475339 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108FT UT WOS:000075256000023 ER PT J AU Laube, SJP Voevodin, AA AF Laube, SJP Voevodin, AA TI In situ time of flight laser induced florescence spectroscopy of carbon by pulsed laser deposition SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films (ICMCTF 97) CY APR 21-25, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE pulsed laser deposition; optical emission spectroscopy; diamond-like carbon; laser induced fluorescence; Raster effects ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; FILMS; GRAPHITE AB This research focuses on relating observed plume characteristics of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of diamond-like carbon (DLC) to the resulting material chemistry. Observed process parameters ultimately determine the deposited film mechanical properties. Preliminary studies on laser induced florescence of carbon by PLD showed unusual velocity profiles when observed with a time of flight laser induced florescence (LIF) optical emission spectrometer (OES), Further investigation of spectral emission temporal characteristics was performed to reveal interaction between the substrate and laser plume, with an increase in species energy at the substrate. Species velocities and other non-uniformities were also observed at the target and substrate with respect to the laser spot position on the target. Plume ion velocity and density distribution were found to be asymmetrical and non-uniform, creating stratified film structures. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, MLIM, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, MLBT, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Laube, SJP (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, MLIM, Mat Directorate, Bldg 653,2977 P St,Ste 13, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013 NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 5 PY 1998 VL 105 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00474-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ477 UT WOS:000074733300019 ER PT J AU Ward, KD Klesges, RC Zbikowski, SM Haddock, CK Talcott, GW Lando, HA AF Ward, KD Klesges, RC Zbikowski, SM Haddock, CK Talcott, GW Lando, HA TI Gender and ethnic differences in smoking and smoking cessation among young adult military recruits SO ADDICTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD JUN PY 1998 VL 93 IS 6 BP 923 EP 923 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA ZV421 UT WOS:000074302900062 ER PT J AU Guha, S AF Guha, S TI Focusing dependence of the efficiency of a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article AB Dependence of the conversion efficiency of a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator on the focusing parameters of Gaussian-shaped pump and signal beams is determined here by the Green's function method. The electric fields of the pump and the idler beams are expressed as even- and add-powered series, respectively, in the second-order nonlinear optical coefficient, d. It is shown that the gain in power of the signal beam can be expressed as a even-powered series in d. The lowest-order term in this series, quadratic in d, is proportional to a double integral, the next-higher-order term is a quadruple integral, and the third term is a six-dimensional integral. The integrals are expressed in a form such that reduction to the case of no diffraction (collimated beams) is straightforward. These results provide, for the first time to the author's knowledge, analytical expressions for the values of the (near-threshold) conversion efficiency in the presence of arbitrary focusing of the pump and the signal beams. C1 USAF, Res Labs, AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Guha, S (reprint author), Anteon Corp, 5100 Springfield Pike, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. NR 9 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 66 IS 6 BP 663 EP 675 DI 10.1007/s003400050453 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA ZT569 UT WOS:000074101000002 ER PT J AU Ramsey, CS Snyder, QC AF Ramsey, CS Snyder, QC TI Altitude-induced migraine headache secondary to pravastatin: Case report SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; SIMVASTATIN; LOVASTATIN; SLEEP; TOLERABILITY; EFFICACY AB A 46-yr-old airline captain with many exposures to altitude chamber, fighter, and airliner flight developed migraine-type headaches after exposure to cabin altitudes above 6,000 feet. He had no prior history of chronic headaches or migraine. Symptoms began within days of starting pravastatin for hypercholesterolemia, but had not occurred during 4 yr of treatment with lovastatin. Headache intensity related directly to increasing pressure altitudes above 6,000 ft for periods of time greater than 45 min. Descent below 5,000 ft cabin altitudes relieved headaches. Exposure to barometric pressure changes has been associated with migraine headache. Vascular headaches are also a prominent feature of acute mountain sickness. Although the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are reported to be associated with increased occurrence of headache, the mechanism is poorly understood. Migraine headaches may be triggered in previously asymptomatic individuals by unique combinations of trigger factors. However, there have been no prior reports of migraine headaches triggered by the combined exposure to pravastatin and reduced barometric pressure. C1 Air Line Pilots Assoc Int, Aeromed Off, Aurora, CO 80011 USA. USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Snyder, QC (reprint author), Air Line Pilots Assoc Int, Aeromed Off, 14707 E 2nd Ave,Suite 200, Aurora, CO 80011 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 69 IS 6 BP 603 EP 606 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZR660 UT WOS:000074001000011 PM 9641408 ER PT J AU Westerfield, R AF Westerfield, R TI Keep navaids active SO AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF, Bossier City, LA USA. RP Westerfield, R (reprint author), USAF, Bossier City, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 USA SN 0005-2175 J9 AVIAT WEEK SPACE TEC JI Aviat. Week Space Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 148 IS 22 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZQ971 UT WOS:000073921800004 ER PT J AU Irvine, SH AF Irvine, SH TI Innate talents: A psychological tautology? SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material AB The tautological implications of "innate talents" are outlined. Analogies are drawn between the present review and the nature-nurture controversies of 40 years ago. Ferguson's (1954; 1956) theoretical positions are proposed as a context in which to consider present and future attempts to resolve this long-standing issue. C1 USAF, Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Irvine, SH (reprint author), USAF, Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0140-525X J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI JI Behav. Brain Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 3 BP 419 EP + DI 10.1017/S0140525X98361233 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 115TE UT WOS:000075680800065 ER PT J AU Doughty, L Carcillo, JA Kaplan, S Janosky, J AF Doughty, L Carcillo, JA Kaplan, S Janosky, J TI The compensatory anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 response in pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ failure SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE children; compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome; interleukin 6; interleukin 10; multiple organ failure; nitric oxide; sepsis ID SEPTIC SHOCK; HUMAN MONOCYTES; DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME; OXIDE PRODUCTION; PROTECTS MICE; IL-10; EXPRESSION; ENDOTOXEMIA; PERITONITIS; CAPACITY AB Study objectives: To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Design: Prospective study. Setting: University pediatric ICU. Patients: Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis, Interventions: Plasma IL-10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite+nitrate (stable end products of nitric oxide) levels and an organ failure index (OFI indicating the number of failing organ systems) were determined in 53 children on days 1 to 3 of sepsis and in control children on day 1. The effect of exogenous human IL-10 or neutralizing IL-10 antibody on supernatant IL-6 levels in ex vivo whole blood culture from 17 children on day 1 of sepsis, Measurements ana results: Children with three or more organ failures had higher plasma IL-10 levels than children with less than 3 organ failures (days 1 and 3; p<0.05). Children who developed sequential pulmonary/hepatic/renal failure had higher IL-10 levels (days 1 to 3; p< 0.05), Nonsurvivors had higher IL-10 levels (day 3; p<0.05). IL-10 levels correlated with IL-6 levels (days 1 and 2) and nitrite+nitrate levels (days 1 and 3; p<0.05), Whole blood samples incubated ex vivo with exogenous recombinant human IL-10 had decreased supernatant IL-6 levels (p<0.05) and neutralizing IL-10 antibody showed no significant effect. Conclusion: A persistent compensatory anti-inflammatory cytokine response characterizes sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Administration of exogenous IL-10 may inhibit the early proinflammatory response; however, identification of individual immune responsiveness and possibility of persistent infection could be Important to rational use in the later stages of pediatric sepsis. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Ctr Clin Pharmacol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Carcillo, JA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Crit Care Med, 3705 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [3M01RR0056GCRC]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01GM41734-04A1] NR 31 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 1998 VL 113 IS 6 BP 1625 EP 1631 DI 10.1378/chest.113.6.1625 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA ZT762 UT WOS:000074123100037 PM 9631803 ER PT J AU Patterson, WR Leslie, MD McGlasson, DL AF Patterson, WR Leslie, MD McGlasson, DL TI A comparison of human and killer whale platelet fatty acid composition SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fatty acids; gas chromatography; killer whales; platelet biochemistry; platelets; platelet function; platelet fatty acids ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID; AGGREGATION; MEMBRANE; METABOLISM; LIPIDS; POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDES; MOBILIZATION; CHOLESTEROL; ACTIVATION; MEN AB Activation of blood platelets and their subsequent aggregation results from the interactions of several complex metabolic pathways. Considered to be of critical importance are the platelet lipids. Subsequent to platelet activation, several membrane lipids undergo hydrolysis and the free fatty acids are metabolized to prostanoids which mediate platelet function in response to vascular injury. It is conceivable then, that differences in platelet membrane fatty acid content could result in significant differences in platelet responses to aggregatory stimuli, especially between species. The objective of this study was to identify specific differences in fatty acid content between human and killer whale platelets. Blood was collected, washed platelets were prepared, and platelet fatty acids were extracted. Methyl esters of the extracted fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography and reported as relative concentrations. Analysis of the data revealed significant differences between the two species for several relevant fatty acids, i.e. 16:0 (P < 0.05), and 18:0, 18:1, 18.2, and 20:4 (P < 0.001). The differences in platelet fatty acid composition and concentration may explain at least some of the differences in platelet function which have previously been identified between these species. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Res Dev Serv, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Sea World Texas, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Invest Directorate, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Patterson, WR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Res Dev Serv, 3-114 Adm Bldg,301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 120 IS 2 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/S0305-0491(98)10014-7 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 116UE UT WOS:000075742600004 PM 9787794 ER PT J AU Walter, SM AF Walter, SM TI Evaluating natural language processing systems: An analysis and review SO COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS LA English DT Book Review C1 United States Air Force, Res Lab, IFEC, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. RP Walter, SM (reprint author), United States Air Force, Res Lab, IFEC, 32 Hangar Rd, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0891-2017 J9 COMPUT LINGUIST JI Comput. Linguist. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 336 EP 338 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Linguistics; Language & Linguistics SC Computer Science; Linguistics GA ZX569 UT WOS:000074531200014 ER PT J AU Laws, RA Finley, EM McCollough, ML Grabski, WJ AF Laws, RA Finley, EM McCollough, ML Grabski, WJ TI Alabaster skin after carbon dioxide laser resurfacing with histologic correlation SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; HIGH-ENERGY; COMPLICATIONS; PHENOL; DERMABRASION; PEELS AB BACKGROUND. Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing has gained popularity as a relatively safe and effective method of facial rejuvenation. Original reports describe mostly reversible side effects and a low incidence of scarring. Only very recently have reports of delayed hypopigmentetion surfaced. This effect is not visible until several months after resurfacing, and most likely represents a permanent change. OBJECTIVE. To provide an additional clinical description of the complication of delayed hypopigmentation along with the first published histologic correlation. METHODS. Clinical records along with it preprocedure and 7-month postprocedure full-thickness skin biopsy were used for this report. RESULTS. This patient experienced a striking leukoderma 6 months after a fall facial carbon dioxide laser resurfacing procedure done for widespread actinic keratoses. There was a zone of dermal fibrosis extending approximately 0.4 mm on the postprocedure biopsy. Comparison of the preprocedure and postprocedure biopsies revealed no difference in the number of melanocytes by MART-1 immunohistochemical staining, but there was a significant decrease in epidermal melanin as determined by Fontana-Mason staining. CONCLUSION. This patient experienced a profound expression of an increasingly recognized and reported complication of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. Histologic correlation is similar to the results previously reported after phenol chemical peels, demonstrating a normal number of melanocytes but a decrease in epidermal melanin. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Laws, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 24 IS 6 BP 633 EP 636 PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA ZV995 UT WOS:000074363100006 PM 9648570 ER PT J AU Wiley, VD Deckro, RF Jackson, JA AF Wiley, VD Deckro, RF Jackson, JA TI Optimization analysis for design and planning of multi-project programs SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Project Management and Scheduling CY APR 11-13, 1996 CL POZNAN, POLAND SP Poznan Univ Technol, Inst Computing Sci, EURO, KBN, City Poznan DE program/project management; scheduling; planning; decomposition; sensitivity analysis; parametric programming ID SCHEDULING PROBLEM; DECOMPOSITION APPROACH; RESOURCE AB Program management concerns the long term planning, coordination, and control of major technological, engineering, scientific, and/or developmental activities. In general, programs tend to be exceptionally large, consisting of several parallel or sequential projects or groups of projects. While a large number of modeling efforts have focused at the project level, this paper looks at the application of optimization techniques to the initial design and development of multi-project programs. The classic work breakdown structure (WBS) is used as a framework to provide an aggregate model to investigate the effects of funding levels, resource allocation, and program, project, and component durations. Decomposition, sensitivity analysis, and parametric programming are utilized to provide the decision maker detailed information for establishing program parameters, conditions, and bounds. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Directorate Requirements, Off Aerosp Studies, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Deckro, RF (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 107 IS 2 BP 492 EP 506 DI 10.1016/S0377-2217(97)00334-2 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZR743 UT WOS:000074009300019 ER PT J AU Schreiber, BT Wickens, CD Renner, GJ Alton, JD Hickox, JC AF Schreiber, BT Wickens, CD Renner, GJ Alton, JD Hickox, JC TI Navigational checking using 3D maps: The influence of elevation angle, azimuth, and foreshortening SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL ROTATION; 3-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS; STIMULUS COMPLEXITY; DISPLAYS; PERSPECTIVE; IMAGES AB Maps help navigators determine their position in the world. We define navigational checking as an aviator's task of continually comparing a map with the forward field of view (FFOV). We report two experiments using static three-dimensional (3D) images as the map and FFOV. Participants were asked to judge as quickly and accurately as possible whether the map and FFOV matched or mismatched. Elevation angle, azimuth angle, type of mismatch trial, and image complexity were manipulated; both response time and accuracy were recorded. Results were generally as predicted. Of greatest interest, we found a fairly linear performance decrement associated with the difference in foreshortening between the two views (a trigonometric conversion of elevation angle disparity), a somewhat nonlinear performance decrement associated with azimuth angle disparity, and no interaction between the two. Finally, we address how elevation and azimuth might influence 3D map display design. C1 Raytheon Training & Serv, Mesa, AZ USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Daimler Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany. Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS USA. USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, Raytheon Training & Serv, 6001 S Power Rd, Mesa, AZ 85206 USA. EM brian.schreiber@williams.af.mil NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD JUN PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1518/001872098779480497 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 110LQ UT WOS:000075383300004 ER PT J AU Shute, VJ Gawlick, LA Gluck, KA AF Shute, VJ Gawlick, LA Gluck, KA TI Effects of practice and learner control on short- and long-term gain and efficiency SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-BASED INSTRUCTION; CONTROL STRATEGIES; DESIGN VARIABLES; CONCEPT-ACQUISITION; INFORMATION; SEQUENCE; ADVISEMENT; PROGRAM; ISSUES; SEARCH AB This study investigated the effects of practice opportunities and learner control on short- and long-term learning from a computer-based introductory statistics curriculum. In all, 380 participants were assigned to one of five conditions. The first four conditions differed in terms of the number of problems to solve per problem set. The fifth condition allowed learners to choose the amount of practice. A subset (n = 120) of the original participants returned for testing following a six-month interval. Overall, the fixed-practice conditions showed learning gains that varied in relation to the amount of practice (i.e., more was better). The data from the learner-control condition was unexpected, showing learning gains comparable with the most extended practice condition yet the fastest tutor-completion times. We discuss implications of these findings in relation to the design of efficacious instruction. Actual or potential applications of this research include the modification of computer-based instruction that can enhance individuals' learning efficiency and outcome scores. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Galaxy Sci Corp, Lackland AFB, TX USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Shute, VJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, HET, 1880 Carswell Ave,Bldg 9020, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD JUN PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2 BP 296 EP 310 DI 10.1518/001872098779480424 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 110LQ UT WOS:000075383300009 PM 9720461 ER PT J AU Vaccaro, K Spaziani, SM Martin, EA Lorenzo, JP AF Vaccaro, K Spaziani, SM Martin, EA Lorenzo, JP TI Gigahertz InGaAs-based vertical Schottky diode optical detectors by substrate removal SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE optical communication; optical device fabrication; optoelectronic devices; photodetectors; photodiodes; Schottky diodes ID SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL PHOTODETECTORS; INDIUM TIN OXIDE; LOW DARK CURRENT; MSM PHOTODETECTOR; GAAS-METAL; PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT; CONTACTS; FREQUENCY AB In this paper, we present high-performance InGaAs vertical Schottky diode optical detectors and document design criteria and fabrication processes. The photodiodes are n-type and have an asymmetric contact structure with a rectifying anode and ohmic cathode. The vertical structure is achieved through InP substrate removal which exposes the back surface of the epitaxial layers, Ohmic contact is made to the exposed back surface. High-quality Schottky diodes with phi(B) approximate to 0.85 V are reproducibly achieved through an etching pretreatment, resulting in dark currents below 10 pA/mu m(2). Substrate removal and mesa definition result in low parasitic capacitance without the need of air bridges and allow accurate fiber-to-detector alignment. Responsivities greater than 0.7 A/W are obtained when a transparent conductor is used as the ohmic contact, RC-limited bandwidths as high as 19 GHz are measured for 20 x 20 mu m(2) devices. C1 USAF, Rome Lab, Electromagnet & Reliabil Directorate, Optoelect Components Branch, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Vaccaro, K (reprint author), USAF, Rome Lab, Electromagnet & Reliabil Directorate, Optoelect Components Branch, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 EI 1558-1713 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 34 IS 6 BP 991 EP 999 DI 10.1109/3.678595 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA ZP196 UT WOS:000073727300008 ER PT J AU Anwar, AFM Webster, RT AF Anwar, AFM Webster, RT TI On the possible effects of AlGaAsSb growth parameters on the 2-DEG concentration in AlGaAsSb/InGaAs/AlGaAsSb QW's SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE compound semiconductors; MODFET; quantum wells; semiconductor epitaxial layers; semiconductor heterojunctions ID HETEROSTRUCTURES AB The absence of pinchoff in the room temperature current-voltage characteristics of certain AlGaAsSb/InGaAs/AlGaAsSb-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMT's) is investigated by theoretical calculations. The room temperature pinchoff properties are strongly affected by the Al mole fraction in the buffer layer, the In mole fraction in the channel, the unintentional acceptor doping level of the lattice-matched quaternary buffer, and the quantum well width. The use of InAs as the channel material imposes strict conditions on the composition and the unintentional acceptor doping of the buffer layer. With decreasing In mole fraction, the restriction is relaxed. A higher Al mole fraction in the buffer, along with a lower In mole fraction in the channel, results in superior pinchoff characteristic and lower gate leakage. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Div Electromagnet Technol, Hanscom AFB, MA 01730 USA. RP Anwar, AFM (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUN PY 1998 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1170 EP 1175 DI 10.1109/16.678500 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ZN241 UT WOS:000073624000002 ER PT J AU Humbert, WR Scott, WR AF Humbert, WR Scott, WR TI Open-structure resonant technique for measuring the dielectric properties of materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE dielectric measurements; resonator; finite-element method; loss tangent; permittivity ID LOSS TANGENT; PERMITTIVITY AB A newly developed resonant measurement technique is extended to include rotationally symmetric materials in general. The technique involves a full wave analysis of the fixture containing the material under test. Therefore, the measurement technique is not restricted by the dimensions of the material or its electrical properties. This work describes the measurement technique and provides a characterization of the TE0.11 resonant mode. Also, a method to account for conduction loss due to the surface resistance of the metal walls of the fixture is presented. Experimental results are compared to previously reported values and are in excellent agreement. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Humbert, WR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 47 IS 3 BP 666 EP 673 DI 10.1109/19.744321 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 166CH UT WOS:000078558300010 ER PT J AU Evans, BL Martin, JB Burggraf, LW Roggemann, MC AF Evans, BL Martin, JB Burggraf, LW Roggemann, MC TI Nondestructive inspection using Compton scatter tomography SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Nuclear Science Symposium CY NOV 09-15, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO AB A method for non-invasively generating tomographic images of electron density in materials using Compton scattered gamma rays is investigated. Electron density is an indicator of density or composition changes in a material. In Compton scatter tomography, the energy distribution of monoenergetic gamma rays is measured after scattering from a material target, Measuring a scattered gamma ray's energy localizes the scattering position to a definable region of the sample. We develop an analytic computational model to study the image quality of a realistic system. In particular, the deleterious effects of finite source and detector size, Compton broadening, and Poisson noise are investigated. A backprojection algorithm is presented to demonstrate the impact of these effects on image reconstruction and contrast recovery. Detection of corrosion in low-Z materials is an application of interest, and is used to study the Compton scatter tomography technique. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Evans, BL (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 45 IS 3 BP 950 EP 956 DI 10.1109/23.682682 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZU096 UT WOS:000074161200138 ER PT J AU Taylor, EW Paxton, AH Schone, H Carson, RF Bristow, J Lehman, JA Hibbs-Brenner, MK Morgan, RA Marta, T AF Taylor, EW Paxton, AH Schone, H Carson, RF Bristow, J Lehman, JA Hibbs-Brenner, MK Morgan, RA Marta, T TI In vacuo responses of an AlGaAs vertical cavity surface emitting laser irradiated by 4.5 MeV protons SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS 97) CY SEP 15-19, 1997 CL CANNES, FRANCE SP Thomson CSF, Aerospatiale Espace & Def, TEMIC Semiconductors, CEA/DAM, Ministere Culture, Sandia Natl Labs AB Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have high potential for space applications, yet little is known of their sensitivity to radiation under vacuum conditions. The first observations of a commercially available proton implanted quantum well AlGaAs VCSEL operating at 850 nm in vacuo and irradiated by 4.5 MeV protons by a scanning ion microbeam is presented. Degradation of L-I-V responses at a proton dose of 1.19 MGy are discussed with particular attention drawn to heating arising from increased nonradiative carrier recombination and that resulting from the vacuum environment. C1 USAF, Phillips Lab, Photon Res Grp, VTMC, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1342, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Honeywell Technol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55418 USA. RP Taylor, EW (reprint author), USAF, Phillips Lab, Photon Res Grp, VTMC, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 45 IS 3 BP 1514 EP 1517 DI 10.1109/23.685232 PN 3 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZU365 UT WOS:000074189800028 ER PT J AU Agee, FJ AF Agee, FJ TI Evolution of pulse shortening research in narrow band, high power microwave sources SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND ID RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAMS; OSCILLATOR; KLYSTRON; PLASMA; GENERATOR; INJECTION; CATHODE; FIELD AB The achievements resulting from the application of advanced pulsed power to the generation of high power microwaves (HPM) have included the generation of multi-gigawatt pulses of RF energy. The power achievable is orders of magnitude greater than conventional microwave sources can generate. However, the introduction of the HPM technology into logical applications has been limited to date due to the phenomenon of pulse shortening in which the RF pulse terminates before the pulse power source used to produce it. Conventional microwave tubes can generate a few to 10 MW of power with pulsewidths of many microseconds when required. High power microwave sources can produce gigawatts of power, but only for relatively short pulsewidths, typically tens to hundreds of nanoseconds. An international effort during the past few Sears has generated important new discoveries toward the elimination of pulse shortening Some of the new techniques have the potential for helping the conventional tube industry as well as being practical for high power microwave sources. This paper reviews the pulse shortening problem, its causes, and the worldwide scope and direction of research conducted to date to resolve it, The paper also discusses the potential remedies for the problem and recommends a course of research to further progress on the issue. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Agee, FJ (reprint author), USAF, Off Sci Res, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC 20332 USA. NR 57 TC 76 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 235 EP 245 DI 10.1109/27.700749 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400002 ER PT J AU Gilgenbach, RM Hochman, JM Jaynes, RL Cohen, WE Rintamaki, JI Peters, CW Vollers, DE Lau, YY Spencer, TA AF Gilgenbach, RM Hochman, JM Jaynes, RL Cohen, WE Rintamaki, JI Peters, CW Vollers, DE Lau, YY Spencer, TA TI Optical spectroscopy of plasma in high power microwave pulse shortening experiments driven by a mu s e-beam SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND ID GYROTRON AB Microwave pulse shortening experiments have been performed on a rectangular-cross-section (RCS) gyrotron driven by the Michigan Electron Long Beam Accelerator (MELBA) at parameters V = -800 kV, I-tube = 0.3 kA, and pulselengths of 0.5-1 mu s. Pulse shortening typically limits the highest (10 MW level) microwave power pulselength to 100-200 ns, Potential explanations of pulse shortening are being investigated, particularly plasma production inside the cavity and at the e-beam-collector. We report the first optical spectroscopy diagnostic measurements inside an operating gyrotron as a means of exploring plasma effects on pulse shortening. Plasma hydrogen H-alpha line radiation has been characterized in both time-integrated and temporally-resolved measurements and correlated with microwave power/cutoff. Hydrogen is believed to originate from water absorbed on internal tube surfaces in the gyrotron. C1 Univ Michigan, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Intense Energy Beam Interact Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Gilgenbach, RM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Intense Energy Beam Interact Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.1109/27.700755 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400008 ER PT J AU Shiffler, D Baca, G Englert, T Haworth, MD Hendricks, KJ Henley, D Sena, M Spencer, TA AF Shiffler, D Baca, G Englert, T Haworth, MD Hendricks, KJ Henley, D Sena, M Spencer, TA TI Investigation of RF breakdowns on the MILO SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE crossed field devices; high power microwave sources; magnetically insulated transmission line; magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO); RF breakdown AB This paper describes a series of experiments performed to isolate the RF breakdown mechanisms in the hard tube magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) Experiment at the Air Force Phillips Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM. Specifically, several causes of RF breakdown in the region of the vacuum-air interface and the antenna region have been investigated. These causes are X-ray induced electron emission, VUV and visible photoemission of electrons, and breakdown due to large field stresses in the antenna. Each of these mechanisms has the effect of liberating electrons from a surface in a high field region which then are a seed for a breakdown. This paper discusses measurements in the X-ray, VUV, and visible regimes with support from computer simulation. Also, imagery results are shown, which in conjunction with the computer work, point to the presence of high electric field stresses in the antenna, which cause a subsequent breakdown. In particular, X-rays, VUV, visible light, and plasmas do not seem to be the major source of RF breakdown in this tube. C1 USAF, Phillips Lab, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Numerex, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Maxwell Labs Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87119 USA. RP Shiffler, D (reprint author), USAF, Phillips Lab, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 2 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 304 EP 311 DI 10.1109/27.700758 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400011 ER PT J AU Haworth, MD Baca, G Benford, JN Englert, T Hackett, K Hendricks, KJ Henley, D LaCour, M Lemke, RW Price, D Ralph, D Sena, M Shiffler, D Spencer, TA AF Haworth, MD Baca, G Benford, JN Englert, T Hackett, K Hendricks, KJ Henley, D LaCour, M Lemke, RW Price, D Ralph, D Sena, M Shiffler, D Spencer, TA TI Significant pulse-lengthening in a multigigawatt magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE crossed-field device; high-power microwave tube; magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator; MILO ID MILO AB The Air Force Research Laboratory/Phillips Laboratory magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) is a gigawatt-class, L-band, high-power microwave tube driven by a 500-kV, 60-kA electron beam. A previous version of this tube [1] generated 1.5 GW pulses, but with significant RF pulse shortening. This paper reports on improvements to the tube that have allowed us to increase the output power by 25% and to increase the RF pulse duration by a factor of two and a half. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Phillips Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Microwave Sci Inc, Lafayette, CA 94549 USA. Numerex, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Maxwell Labs Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87119 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Phys Int Co, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. RP Haworth, MD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Phillips Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 17 TC 41 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 312 EP 319 DI 10.1109/27.700759 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400012 ER PT J AU Hochman, JM Gilgenbach, RM Jaynes, RL Rintamaki, JI Lau, YY Cohen, WE Peters, CW Spencer, TA AF Hochman, JM Gilgenbach, RM Jaynes, RL Rintamaki, JI Lau, YY Cohen, WE Peters, CW Spencer, TA TI Polarization control of microwave emission from high power rectangular cross-section gyrotron devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND ID LARGE-ORBIT GYROTRON; FUNDAMENTAL MODE; AMPLIFIER AB Results are summarized of experiments on a gyrotron utilizing a rectangular-cross-section (RCS) cavity region. The major issue under investigation is polarization control of microwave emission as a function of magnetic field. The electron beam driver is the Michigan Electron Long Beam Accelerator (MELBA) at parameters: V = 0.8 MV, I-diode = 1-10 kA, I-tube = 0.1-0.5 kA, and t(e)-beam = 0.4-1.0 mu s. The annular e-beam is spun up into an axis-encircling beam by passing it through a magnetic cusp prior to entering the RCS interaction cavity, Experimental results show a high degree of polarization in either of two orthogonal modes as a function of cavity fields. The RCS gyrotron produced peak powers of 14 MW in one polarization (TE10) and 6 MW in the cross-polarized mode (TE01). Electronic efficiencies for this device reached as high as 8% with transverse efficiency of 16%. Experimental results on the beam alpha (alpha = V-perpendicular to/V-//) diagnostics, where alpha is the ratio of the e-beam's transverse velocity to its parallel velocity, agree well with the single electron trajectory code. MAGIC code results are in qualitative agreement with microwave measurements. Microwave emission shifts from the dominant fundamental mode polarization (TE(10)square), to the next higher order mode polarization (TE(01)square) as the solenoid magnetic field is raised from 1.4-1.9 kGauss. Frequency measurements using heterodyne mixers support mode identification as well as MAGIC code simulations. C1 Univ Michigan, Intense Energy Beam Interact Lab, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Hochman, JM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Intense Energy Beam Interact Lab, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rongilg@engin.umich.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.1109/27.700769 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400022 ER PT J AU Arman, MJ AF Arman, MJ TI Plasma-filled gyro-BWO SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE gyro-BWO; high-power microwave; plasma enhancement; plasma-filled ID WAVE-GUIDES AB Recent theoretical studies have shown that the presence of plasma in the high-power microwave (HPM) sources, when properly introduced, may enhance the efficiency of the source. These findings have been confirmed by numerical simulations for some HPM sources. The enhancement has been partly attributed to the neutralizing effect of the positively charged plasma on lowering the disruptive space charge effects of the electron beam used to generate the radio frequency (RF), and partly attributed to a modification of the dispersion relation leading to higher group velocities for the traveling RF waves. Mode selection may also be favorably affected by the presence of plasma in the source. Here we present the results of numerical simulations carried out to study the effect of plasma on a gyrotron device. Both neutral as well as positively charged plasmas have been explored. The gyrotron device is run in TE01 mode and generates a 12.75-GHz steady oscillation without any competing modes. The effect of the plasma at several different densities has been explored. The presence of plasma at the densities explored do not show any significant enhancement of the gyrotron operation. Other plasma densities are being studied. The particle-in-cell (PIC) code used in simulations was the Mission Research Corporation (MRC) 2.5-dimensional code MAGIC. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Arman, MJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 693 EP 697 DI 10.1109/27.700808 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400057 ER PT J AU Spencer, TA Hendricks, KJ Luginsland, JW Stump, MD AF Spencer, TA Hendricks, KJ Luginsland, JW Stump, MD TI Dynamics of the space-charge-limiting current in gyro-type devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE computer simulations; electron beam; gyro-BWO; gyro-devices; gyrotron; high-power microwaves; limiting current; numerical simulations; PIC codes; pulse shortening; space charge ID CYCLOTRON AB The Air Force Research Laboratory is investigating the dynamic interactions which occur between the growing electromagnetic waves generated in a gyro type device, and an electron beam (e-beam) with nonzero perpendicular velocity operating near the space-charge-limiting current. Particle-in-cell (PIC) codes are used to perform simulations of the transverse electric (TE)(01) mode, and results are presented, Initial results show that beams of this nature suffer from a time-dynamic onset of the space-charge-limiting current instability at values below those predicted from analytic theory, This produces a beam time-dynamic pulse shortening, thus placing an upper limit on the power and pulse length of gyro-type devices. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Narrowband Sources Grp, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Spencer, TA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Narrowband Sources Grp, Phillips Site, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM spencert@plk.af.mil NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 854 EP 859 DI 10.1109/27.700853 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400073 ER PT J AU Agee, FJ Baum, CE Prather, WD Lehr, JM O'Loughlin, JP Burger, JW Schoenberg, JSH Scholfield, DW Torres, RJ Hull, JP Gaudet, JA AF Agee, FJ Baum, CE Prather, WD Lehr, JM O'Loughlin, JP Burger, JW Schoenberg, JSH Scholfield, DW Torres, RJ Hull, JP Gaudet, JA TI Ultra-wideband transmitter research SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE Brewster angle window; gas switch; high power microwave; impulse radiating antenna; oil switch; photoconductive solid-state switch; radio frequency lens; silicon avalanche shaper; spark gap switch; transient antenna; ultra-wideband AB The generation of ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses is a challenging problem that involves generating pulses with fast rise times on the order of 100 ps and voltages of more than 500 kV, Pulsewidths from 130 ps to a few nanoseconds (ns) are possible. A critical step involves switching high voltages with precision. The use of both gas and oil for the switching medium has been accomplished with varying results. The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is pursuing both media in the gas-switched H-series of pulsers and in studies of oil switches that promise good performance in compact packages. We are also pursuing solid-state switched systems that have demonstrated the potential for use in compact systems and in transient antenna arrays with steerable beams. This paper reviews recent progress in fast, high voltage switching and UWB transmitter development. These UWB pulsers and antennas have the potential for use in transient radar, target identification, and communications. C1 USAF, Res Lab, High Power Microwave Div, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Agee, FJ (reprint author), USAF, Off Sci Res, Phys & Elect Directorate, Washington, DC 20322 USA. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 860 EP 873 DI 10.1109/27.700855 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400074 ER PT J AU Luginsland, JW McGee, S Lau, YY AF Luginsland, JW McGee, S Lau, YY TI Virtual cathode formation due to electromagnetic transients SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE inductive voltage; PIC; space-charge limiting current; virtual cathode ID CHILD-LANGMUIR LAW; AMPLIFIERS; ARRAYS AB The process of virtual cathode formation in a gap is critically examined via particle simulations. It is found that the limiting current obtained from the electrostatic approximation is valid only in the deeply nonrelativistic regime, For injection energy as low as 30 keV, the transients in the injected current may produce an inductive voltage that can significantly lower the limiting current from the classical, electrostatic value. Although the source of the virtual cathode is transient in nature, the virtual cathode formed due to this inductive voltage persists long after the injected current has reached a steady-state value. The self-magnetic field is unimportant, however, at this low energy. This result has implications for scaling devices with rapid current rise times to weakly nonrelativistic energies as well as for Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes which use field emission models with electric field thresholds. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Appl Phys Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Luginsland, JW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DEHE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 901 EP 904 DI 10.1109/27.700866 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400078 ER PT J AU Vidmar, RJ Barker, RJ AF Vidmar, RJ Barker, RJ TI Microchannel cooling for a high-energy particle transmission window, an RF transmission window, and VLSI heat dissipation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electron-beam transmission window; microchannel cooling; particle-beam transmission window; RF transmission window; VLSI cooling AB The transmission of energetic particles from vacuum to atmospheric pressure through a window results in some energy deposition within the window. This energy heats the window, increases its temperature, reduces its mechanical strength, and so limits the particle flux through the window. An analysis of heat transport indicates that a transmission window that incorporates microchannel cooling within the window can increase its heat dissipation, thereby increasing beam flux by several orders of magnitude. This increase occurs because the convective heat-transfer coefficient can increase to similar to 1 MW/m(2) x K for fully developed turbulence in 131 mu m diameter capillary tubing. Mechanical and thermal constraints are discussed, as well as the hydraulic system necessary to achieve appropriate fluid flow. Experimental heat dissipation using 131 mu m capillary tubes in a seven-tube manifold implies that a 5 cm diameter foil window could dissipate 2.7 kW/cm(2) continuously. Design examples include a 30 mA/cm(2) electron-beam window, a 722 W/cm(2) RF window, and 950 W/cm(2) very large scale integration (VLSI) cooling. C1 SRI Int, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Xebec Engn Serv Inc, Campbell, CA 95008 USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Washington, DC 20332 USA. RP Vidmar, RJ (reprint author), SRI Int, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1043 DI 10.1109/27.700885 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400092 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Holwitt, E Kiel, JL AF Bruno, JG Holwitt, E Kiel, JL TI Electrophoretic pattern changes in macrophage cell lines due to culture in protein-free medium SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Letter ID GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIUM; SERUM-FREE MEDIUM; MAILLARD REACTION; INDUCTION; GROWTH C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USAF, Res Labs, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Bruno, JG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI LARGO PA 9315 LARGO DR WEST, STE 25, LARGO, MD 20774 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 34 IS 6 BP 447 EP 449 PG 3 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA ZX103 UT WOS:000074479700006 ER PT J AU Sparks, AG Bernstein, DS AF Sparks, AG Bernstein, DS TI Reliable state-space upper bounds for the peak structured singular value SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL LA English DT Article DE robustness; structured singular value; Popov criterion ID SMALL GAIN AB A state-space method for computing upper bounds for the peak of the structured singular value over frequency for both real and complex uncertainties is presented. These bounds are based on the positivity and Popov criteria for one-sided, sector-bounded and for norm-bounded, block-structured linear uncertainty, These criteria are restated and used to derive upper bounds for the peak structured singular value by equating the feasibility of a linear matrix inequality which involves a plant state-space realization to the strict positive realness of a transfer function. Numerical examples are given to illustrate these upper bounds. (C) 1998 John & Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, FIGC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Sparks, AG (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, FIGC, 2210 8th St,Suite 21, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1049-8923 J9 INT J ROBUST NONLIN JI Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control PD JUN PY 1998 VL 8 IS 7 BP 611 EP 630 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1239(199806)8:7<611::AID-RNC333>3.0.CO;2-L PG 20 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics GA ZX065 UT WOS:000074467300005 ER PT J AU Duplantier, JE Freeman, TM Bahna, SL Good, RA Sher, MR AF Duplantier, JE Freeman, TM Bahna, SL Good, RA Sher, MR TI Successful rush immunotherapy for anaphylaxis to imported fire ants SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTRACTS; VENOM C1 Univ S Florida, All Childrens Hosp, Div Allergy & Immunol, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Duplantier, JE (reprint author), Univ S Florida, All Childrens Hosp, Div Allergy & Immunol, 801 6th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 101 IS 6 BP 855 EP 856 DI 10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70318-5 PN 1 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA ZW470 UT WOS:000074414200025 PM 9648718 ER PT J AU Muthuvenkatraman, S Gorantla, S Venkat, R Dorsey, DL AF Muthuvenkatraman, S Gorantla, S Venkat, R Dorsey, DL TI Theoretical study of antisite arsenic incorporation in the low temperature molecular beam epitaxy of gallium arsenide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 100 GAAS SURFACES; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; INTERACTION KINETICS; STOCHASTIC-MODEL; MBE GROWTH; DEFECTS AB A stochastic model for simulating the surface growth processes in the low temperature molecular beam epitaxy of gallium arsenide is developed, including the presence and dynamics of a weakly bound physisorbed state for arsenic. The physisorbed arsenic is allowed to incorporate into the arsenic site or gallium site (antisite) and evaporate. Additionally, the antisite As is allowed to evaporate from the surface of the crystal. The arsenic flux, temperature and growth rate dependences of antisite arsenic (As-Ga) concentration and the resultant % lattice mismatch obtained from our simulation are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The activation energy of 1.16 eV for the evaporation of antisite arsenic from the crystal obtained from our model is in good agreement with theoretical estimates. At a constant substrate temperature and growth rate (Ga flux rate), the antisite arsenic concentration and hence, the % lattice mismatch increase with arsenic flux in the low flux regime and saturate for high flux regime. The critical arsenic flux at which the AsGa concentration and the % lattice mismatch saturate, increases with temperature. The AsGa concentration and % lattice mismatch saturate at lower values for higher temperatures. As the arsenic flux increases, the coverage of the physisorbed layer increases and at a critical flux dictated by the fixed temperature and growth rate, the coverage saturates at its maximum value of unity (a complete monolayer) and hence, the concentration of Asc, and % lattice mismatch saturate. Lower Asc, concentration and % lattice mismatch result at higher temperature due to more evaporation of AsGa from the surface of the growing crystal. Additionally, an analytical model is developed to predict the AsGa concentration and % lattice mismatch for various growth conditions. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)00711-7]. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Muthuvenkatraman, S (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 11 BP 5845 EP 5851 DI 10.1063/1.367442 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GE UT WOS:000075257100034 ER PT J AU Chen, CH Walmer, MS Walmer, MH Liu, S Kuhl, E Simon, G AF Chen, CH Walmer, MS Walmer, MH Liu, S Kuhl, E Simon, G TI Sm-2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)(17) magnets for use at temperature >= 400 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials / International Magnetics Conference CY JAN 06-09, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet Soc, TMS, Off Naval Res, Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Amer Ceram Soc ID PERMANENT-MAGNETS AB Sintered Sm-2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)(17) magnets with improved high temperature performance have been obtained by reducing the iron content in the magnet alloys. A record intrinsic coercive force, H-l(c), of 8.3 kOe at 400 degrees C was obtained when the iron content was decreased to 7 wt%. At 400-600 degrees C, 2:17 magnets with low iron content have demonstrated lower irreversible loss of magnetic flux, higher maximum energy product, and lower temperature coefficient of H-l(c). A temperature coefficient of H-l(c)=-0.12%/degrees C (20-400 degrees C) was obtained for the low Fe magnets, compared to -0.23%/degrees C for commercial 2:17. Reducing iron content increases both Curie temperature and anisotropy field. Therefore, it is anticipated that new 2: 17 magnet materials capable of operating at 400 degrees C or higher temperatures can be developed by reducing or eliminating the iron content and making other adjustments in composition and heat treatment. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)19111-9]. C1 Elect Energy Corp, Landisville, PA 17538 USA. Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Elect Energy Corp, 924 Links Ave, Landisville, PA 17538 USA. NR 8 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 11 BP 6706 EP 6708 DI 10.1063/1.367937 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 152UQ UT WOS:000077795500161 ER PT J AU Bolen, S Bringi, VN Chandrasekar, V AF Bolen, S Bringi, VN Chandrasekar, V TI An optimal area approach to intercomparing polarimetric radar rain-rate algorithms with gauge data SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; REFLECTIVITY; PARAMETERS AB An optimal area method is described that is used as a basis for comparing K-DP-, (K-DP, Z(DR))-, and Z(h)-based estimates of rain rates with gauge-measured rain lates. The location and dimensions of an elliptically shaped optimal area within the radar scan area surrounding the gauge are determined objectively via an rms error minimization of the difference between the K-DP-based radar estimate and guage data and via use of the spatial structure of the rms difference field itself. Four convective events were analyzed with rain rates in the range of 20-120 mm h(-1), with two of the events containing marble-sized hail. The analysis shows that excellent results could be achieved using K-DP-based rain-rate estimators. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USAF, Rome Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Bringi, VN (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 15 IS 3 BP 605 EP 623 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015<0605:AOAATI>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZQ890 UT WOS:000073913300001 ER PT J AU Weber, ET Gannon, RL Rea, MA AF Weber, ET Gannon, RL Rea, MA TI Local administration of serotonin agonists blocks light-induced phase advances of the circadian activity rhythm in the hamster SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS LA English DT Article DE serotonin; circadian; suprachiasmatic; photic entrainment; biological rhythm ID RAT DORSAL RAPHE; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; INTERGENICULATE LEAFLET; SUPERIOR COLLICULUS; RETINOHYPOTHALAMIC PROJECTION; ASCENDING PROJECTIONS; PHOTIC RESPONSES; NEURONS; RECEPTOR AB Circadian rhythms in mammals are synchronized to environmental light-dark cycles through a direct retinal projection to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a circadian clock. This process is thought to be modulated by other afferents to the SCN, including a dense serotonergic projection from the midbrain raphe. Previous work from this laboratory demonstrated that a systemically administered 5-hydroxyhyptamine(1A/7) (5-HT1A/7) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) dose dependently attenuates Light-induced phase shifts of the circadian activity rhythm of the Syrian hamster. In this study, we demonstrate that local injections (1-100 mu M) of the 5-HT1A/7 agonists 8-OH-DPAT or 5-carboxamidotryptamine into the region of the SCN inhibit light-induced phase advances of the circadian wheel-running rhythm. In addition, the inhibitory effects of systemically administered 8-OH-DPAT were unaffected by either radiofrequency-induced lesions of the intergeniculate leaflet or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-induced lesions of serotonergic projections to the SCN. These findings support a modulatory role of serotonin in photic regulation of circadian phase through an action at the level of the SCN. C1 USAF, Res Lab, HEPM, Biol Rhythms & Integrat Neurosci Res Inst, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Rea, MA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, HEPM, Biol Rhythms & Integrat Neurosci Res Inst, 2504 Gillingham Dr,Ste 25, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 47 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0748-7304 J9 J BIOL RHYTHM JI J. Biol. Rhythms PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 209 EP 218 DI 10.1177/074873098129000057 PG 10 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA ZQ183 UT WOS:000073830600004 PM 9615285 ER PT J AU MacIntyre, WG Antworth, CP Stauffer, TB Young, RG AF MacIntyre, WG Antworth, CP Stauffer, TB Young, RG TI Heterogeneity of sorption and transport-related properties in a sand-gravel aquifer at Columbus, Mississippi SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE heterogeneity; sorption; organic carbon; aquifer material ID NATURAL GRADIENT EXPERIMENT; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; BORDEN AQUIFER; PARTICLE-SIZE; TRACER TEST; CAPE-COD; DISPERSION; MASSACHUSETTS AB Properties related to sorption and transport of organic compounds have been determined on 126 sections of 17 cores taken in an aquifer at Columbus Air Force Base in Columbus, MS. Each core section was homogenized prior to analysis. Organic carbon content (OC), specific surface area (SA), distribution coefficient (K-d) for naphthalene, and particle size distribution were measured on each section. Hydraulic conductivity (K-h) for each section was calculated from the particle size distributions. K-h values obtained were comparable with those from earlier borehole flowmeter and pulse bracer tests. Frequency distributions for all properties were lognormal. The arithmetic means and standard deviations for all samples are: OC = 0.028% (+0.031, -0.015), SA = 4.02 m(2)/g (+3.95, -1.99), K-d = 0.198 l/kg (+0.195, -0.098), K-h = 0.00033 m/s (+0.00051, -0.00020). These standard deviations are asymmetrical about the mean because statistics were calculated using log-transformed data, and antilogarithms then taken to obtain the results in the units of property measurement. Variabilities, expressed as coefficients of variation, were similar for all properties. Correlations between the properties were investigated. A good correlation between naphthalene K-d and OC (r = 0.78) was found, and other correlations were weak, thus indicating that organic carbon content may control sorption of nonpolar organic solutes in this low carbon aquifer. Autocorrelation (variogram) analysis indicated that, for all properties, correlation lengths were less than the distance between sample points, which were separated by about 20 m horizontally and 1 m vertically. Separate statistical analysis of two widely separated groups of wells showed the groups similar in all properties, except organic carbon. Large-scale inhomogeneity was not detected, although earlier tracer tests produced irregular plumes indicating inhomogeneity in observed solute transport. Implications of the results to site characterization, in situations where aquifers are heterogeneous on short length scales, are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EQL, AL, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP MacIntyre, WG (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 31 IS 3-4 BP 257 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(97)00065-X PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA ZW415 UT WOS:000074408700003 ER PT J AU Mack, MP Abare, AC Hansen, M Kozodoy, P Keller, S Mishra, U Coldren, LA DenBaars, SP AF Mack, MP Abare, AC Hansen, M Kozodoy, P Keller, S Mishra, U Coldren, LA DenBaars, SP TI Characteristics of indium-gallium-nitride multiple-quantum-well blue laser diodes grown by MOCVD SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS 97) CY OCT 27-31, 1997 CL TOKUSHIMA CITY, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Inst Electr Informat & Commun Engineers, IEEE, Electron Devices Soc DE InGaN; GaN; laser diode; MQW AB Room temperature (RT) pulsed operation of blue (420 nm) nitride-based multi-quantum well (MQW) laser diodes grown on c-plane sapphire substrates has been demonstrated. Atmospheric pressure MOCVD was used to grow the active region of the device which consisted of a 10 pair In0.21Ga0.79N (2.5 nm)/In0.07Ga0.93N (5 nm) InGaN MQW. Threshold current densities as low as 12.6 kA/cm(2) were observed for 10 x 1200 um lasers with uncoated reactive ion etched (RIE) facets. The emission is strongly TE polarized and has a sharp transition in the far-field pattern above threshold. Laser diodes were tested under pulsed conditions lasted up to 6h at room temperature. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Wright Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Mack, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM mack@engineering.ucsb.edu NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN PY 1998 VL 189 BP 837 EP 840 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00305-4 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ448 UT WOS:000074730400173 ER PT J AU Vydyanath, HR Aqariden, F Wijewarnasuriya, PS Sivananthan, S Nathan, V AF Vydyanath, HR Aqariden, F Wijewarnasuriya, PS Sivananthan, S Nathan, V TI Observation of prevalence of quasi-equilibrium in the MBE growth of Hg1-xCdxTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II - VI Materials CY OCT 21-23, 1997 CL SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA SP USA, CECOM, NVESD, USA, SSDC, USN, Off Naval Res, USAF, Air Force Wright Lab, Amer Phys Soc, Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc DE HgCdTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); native defects AB MBE growth of Hg1-xCdxTe has been carried out at 185 degrees C. Parameters of growth have systematically varied. The resulting compositional changes and the electrical characteristics have been explained on the basis of the prevalence of quasi-equilibrium at the growth. temperature. C1 Avyd Devices Inc, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Vydyanath, HR (reprint author), Avyd Devices Inc, 2925 Coll Ave,Unit A-1, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 507 EP 509 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0006-6 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA ZV637 UT WOS:000074325800006 ER PT J AU Tipton, TL Vogt, BS AF Tipton, TL Vogt, BS TI Self-referencing fiber-optic fluorescence sensor for turbid samples SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB A novel single-fiber optical sensor was developed to measure solute fluorescence and to estimate a correction factor to compensate for the signal attenuation caused by suspended particles. The latter was effected using a reference fluorescer mounted beyond the end of the fiber tip. This sensor is intended for monitoring of contaminants in model aquifers and is adaptable to held use. The suspensions tested were Ca-montmorillonite, polystyrene latex beads, and silica. A tracer dye was used as the test analyte so that sorption of the sample onto the suspended particles would be negligible. The relationship between the reference fluorescence attenuation and the analyte attenuation agreed approximately with geometric prediction and could be determined without knowledge of the particle size distribution or the type of particles used. The results indicated that corrected solute fluorescence intensities could be obtained by successively sending an analyte excitation wavelength and a reference excitation wavelength into the fiber-optic sensor. C1 EQL, AL, Environ Directorate, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Bob Jones Univ, Dept Chem, Greenville, SC 29614 USA. RP Tipton, TL (reprint author), EQL, AL, Environ Directorate, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 1998 VL 124 IS 6 BP 545 EP 548 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1998)124:6(545) PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZP958 UT WOS:000073805900012 ER PT J AU Zuclich, JA Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE Cheney, FE AF Zuclich, JA Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE Cheney, FE TI Ophthalmoscopic and pathologic description of ocular damage induced by infrared laser radiation SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Laser Safety Conference CY MAR 17-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE lasers; ocular damage; eye safety AB This study compares ocular damage effects induced by infrared (IR) lasers in the "eye-safe" wavelength range to those observed following visible wavlength laser exposures. In addition to routine fundus camera and slit-lamp observations, exposed subjects were examined via confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Histopathologic evaluation was conducted on eyes with both visible and IR laser induced focal lesions. IR laser exposure parameters which resulted in corneal, lenticular and/or retinal damage will be detailed. Unique aspects of the IR laser-tissue interaction will be discussed, including concurrent lesion formation in several tissues and secondary responses such as delayed inflammatory reactions. This latter effect may involve tissue not directly irradiated during the laser insult. Finally, implications for laser safety standards will be suggested. (C) 1998 Laser Institute of America. C1 TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF, Opt Radiat Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Zuclich, JA (reprint author), TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 114 EP 120 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA ZR816 UT WOS:000074017200006 ER PT J AU Savrun, E Del Aguila, H AF Savrun, E Del Aguila, H TI Electrically conductive tungsten silicide coatings for EMI/RFI shielding of optically transparent windows SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Conductive metal mesh coatings on external surfaces of infrared (IR) windows reduce the electromagnetic and radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) but are mechanically soft and easily damaged. Surface-doped semiconductors, such as gallium arsenide, have optical absorption and emission problems, while semiconducting carbide coatings, such as germanium carbide, suffer performance loss at the low end of the required temperature range. Electrically conductive tungsten silicide have been investigated for use in erosion-resistant EMI/RFI protective coatings for IR windows and radomes. Tungsten silicide films were sputtered on zinc sulphide substrates, electrical properties were evaluated, and shielding effectiveness was measured over 400 MHz to 18 GHz. The relevant results are presented and discussed. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Sienna Technol Inc, Woodinville, WA 98072 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Weap Syst Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Savrun, E (reprint author), Sienna Technol Inc, 19501 144th Ave NE,Suite F-500, Woodinville, WA 98072 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 11 BP 2893 EP 2897 DI 10.1023/A:1017554307521 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DU UT WOS:000077590500021 ER PT J AU Stevens, MR Heit, JM AF Stevens, MR Heit, JM TI Calvarial bone graft harvest using the Gigli saw SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Miami, Sch Med, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Stevens, MR (reprint author), Doctors Hosp, 5000 Univ Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 56 IS 6 BP 798 EP 799 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90824-2 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZT911 UT WOS:000074140400026 PM 9632345 ER PT J AU Moritz, AJ Cappelli, D Lantz, MS Holt, SC Ebersole, JL AF Moritz, AJ Cappelli, D Lantz, MS Holt, SC Ebersole, JL TI Immunization with Porphyromonas gingivalis cysteine protease: Effects on experimental gingivitis and ligature-induced periodontitis in Macaca fascicularis SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal studies; antibodies, bacterial; immunization; Porphyromonas gingivalis ID LIGHT MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; SYSTEMIC ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; PREVOTELLA-INTERMEDIA; ORAL MICROORGANISMS; DISEASE; PATHOGENESIS; PURIFICATION; PROGRESSION AB TARGETING BACTERIAL VIRULENCE FACTORS such as proteases for immunization may hold the key to limiting or preventing loss of attachment and alveolar bone in periodontal disease. This study examined the clinical, microbiological, and immunological responses following active immunization with a purified Porphyromonas gingivalis cysteine protease (porphypain-2) in the nonhuman primate (Nhp) Macaca fascicularis. One group of Nhp was immunized with porphypain-2 antigen while control Nhp received placebo injections. All Nhp were subjected to experimental gingivitis followed by ligature-induced periodontitis in a split-mouth design. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that immunization elicited a significantly elevated and specific IgG antibody response to both whole cell P, gingivalis (36-fold) and to porphypain-2 (194-fold). Checkerboard hybridization DNA analysis of subgingival plaque from Ligated sextants demonstrated that 25% more Gram-negative anaerobic species became significantly elevated from baseline and at earlier timepoints in the control group than in the immunized group. Immunization with this protease did not suppress the emergence of P, gingivalis. Clinical indices showed few changes related to immunization. Alveolar bone density changes demonstrated a highly significant loss in ligated sextants compared to non-ligated sextants within the control group (P < 0.001), and a smaller but significant difference within the immunized group (P = 0.043). Comparison of ligated sextants only demonstrated more bone loss in the control group versus the immunized group (-13.07 +/- 9.51 versus -9.41 +/- 6.18; computer-assisted densitometric image analysis units +/- SD); the difference approached, but did not reach, significance. The results suggest that porphypain-2 may contribute to the pathogenic potential of the subgingival plaque microbiota in the Nhp model of ligature-induced periodontitis, and that active immunization with porphypain-2 appeared capable of altering this pathogenic response. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Dent, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Ebersole, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Dent, Dept Periodont, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM ebersole@uthscsa.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-07256] NR 30 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 69 IS 6 BP 686 EP 697 PG 12 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZV956 UT WOS:000074359200010 PM 9660338 ER PT J AU Hendrix, WH Rueb, JD Steel, RP AF Hendrix, WH Rueb, JD Steel, RP TI Sexual harassment and gender differences SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTION; ATTRIBUTIONS; DIMENSIONS; WORKPLACE; BEHAVIOR; 1990S AB This research investigated perceptions of sexual harassment as a function of work status (undergraduate students or full-time employees), gender of the initiator, gender of the respondent, age, position power, success status, and attractiveness of the initiator. Participants were 568 individuals classified as full-time undergraduate university students (n = 216) or full-time employees (n = 352). Of these, approximately 60% were males and 40% females. For students, the average age was 21.5 years and for workers 37.7 years. Results indicated that behaviors were perceived as more sexually harassing if the individual was a male, older, had higher position power, was low In success status, and unattractive. Males perceived females as significantly less harassing than other males for the same behaviors. Females perceived both males and females as equally harassing for the same behaviors. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Management, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Hendrix, WH (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Management, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM hendrix@pcisys.net NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SELECT PRESS PI CORTE MADERA PA PO BOX 37, CORTE MADERA, CA 94976 USA SN 0886-1641 J9 J SOC BEHAV PERS JI J. Soc. Behav. Pers. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 235 EP 252 PG 18 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 106VU UT WOS:000075171800003 ER PT J AU Cvancara, JL Elston, DM AF Cvancara, JL Elston, DM TI Mite dermatitis caused by Cheyletiella blakei - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 PSMD, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Cvancara, JL (reprint author), PSMD, Dept Dermatol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1015 EP 1015 PN 1 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZT649 UT WOS:000074109000037 ER PT J AU Majumdar, BS Gundel, DB Dutton, RE Warrier, SG Pagano, NJ AF Majumdar, BS Gundel, DB Dutton, RE Warrier, SG Pagano, NJ TI Evaluation of the tensile interface strength in brittle-matrix composite systems SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE MECHANISMS; CRACK DEFLECTION; SIC FIBER; STRESSES AB Two test methods for determining the tensile (normal) interface bond strength in brittle-matrix composites have been described: one geometry is the cruciform bend specimen, and the other is the embedded fiber specimen. Both specimens have the characteristic that free edge debonding is avoided, so that valid interface strength data can be obtained from the knee in the stress-strain curve. The techniques are applied to a Sigma SiC/7040 glass composite, and a bond strength of similar to 5 MPa has been obtained. The method of analysis is described. Normal interface separation has been observed at or very close to the SiC/carbon (primarily graphite) interface of the Sigma fiber and is consistent with the weak orientation of the graphitic layers. Two examples of interface separation are cited in the as-fabricated composite, to show the application and validation of the test results. In one instance, tensile interface separation has been observed next to existing voids, and in the other instance, interface separation has occurred near radial matrix cracks. Analyses show that the debonds are consistent with the low normal strength of the interface. C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. Systran Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Mat Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Majumdar, BS (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1600 EP 1610 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ZV175 UT WOS:000074277600026 ER PT J AU Mann, RW AF Mann, RW TI Vietnamese military shoes then and now SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 US Army, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Mann, RW (reprint author), US Army, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSN PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 0003-0538 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 88 IS 6 BP 308 EP 308 PG 1 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA ZU957 UT WOS:000074253500009 PM 9642914 ER PT J AU Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL AF Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL TI The Knoop-hardness yield locus of an orthorhombic titanium aluminide alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; SHEET C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Mat Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, ML, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Nicolaou, PD (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Mat Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1763 EP 1765 DI 10.1007/s11661-998-0100-7 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZX470 UT WOS:000074519300026 ER PT J AU Puttaiah, R Karpay, RI Fabre, C Sherman, LR Nemeth, JF Mills, SE Plamondon, TJ AF Puttaiah, R Karpay, RI Fabre, C Sherman, LR Nemeth, JF Mills, SE Plamondon, TJ TI Dental unit water line treatment with sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acetic acid; dental unit water lines; disinfection; sodium hypochlorite; planktonic bacteria; transition metals; trihalomethanes AB A private clinic's dental unit water lines (DUWLs) were treated with a solution of 0.525% sodium hypochlorite (5000 ppm active chlorine) in 1% acetic acid or a 0.525% sodium hypochlorite solution in distilled water over 4 weeks to determine its effect on biofilms and planktonic bacteria. At the start of the project the previously untreated DUWL exhibited heterotropic bacterial counts in excess of 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter. The initial chlorine profile curves for the private clinic's DUWLs resulting from the plots of accumulative volume of solution versus chlorine concentration were in accordance with previous studies for contaminated units (>10(3) CFU). After the third hypochlorite:acetic acid treatment, distilled water replaced the acetic acid in the disinfecting solution. Four treatments over a 35-day period were ineffective in reducing biofilm contamination to an acceptable American Dental Association (ADA) level of 200 CFU, possibly because commercial distilled water was used in the separate water system rather than sterile deionized water. Use of acetic acid:chlorine to eliminate established biofilm produced unacceptable levels of trihalomethanes and metal corrosion in the system. Furthermore, the chlorine:acid combination did not enhance the removal of biofilm or reduce the planktonic bacteria to an acceptable ADA level when contrasted with use of hypochlorite alone. A further 25 weeks of cleaning the system according to the established protocol (using distilled water produced on the premises) produced units that were within acceptable ADA levels (<200 CFU/ml). (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Scranton, Dept Chem, Scranton, PA 18510 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. AOCD, AL, Armstrong Lab, Dent Invest Serv, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Sherman, LR (reprint author), Univ Scranton, Dept Chem, Scranton, PA 18510 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0026-265X J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 59 IS 2 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1006/mchj.1998.1589 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA ZX877 UT WOS:000074564400018 ER PT J AU Creel, GB Giuliani, MJ Lacomis, D Holbach, SM AF Creel, GB Giuliani, MJ Lacomis, D Holbach, SM TI Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: Non-French-Canadian pedigrees SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Electrodiagnostic-Medicine CY SEP 22-23, 1995 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Amer Assoc Electrodiag Med DE oculopharyngeal dystrophy; muscular dystrophy; myopathy ID CHROMOSOME 14Q11.2-Q13; INCLUSIONS AB Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a late adult onset, autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy characterized by ptosis and dysphagia. The OPMD gene has been localized to chromosome 14q11.2-q13 in French-Canadian pedigrees. We report 2 non-French-Canadian families with OPMD. Affected ancestors were immigrants to the United States from Italy and Normandy. The Norman pedigree does not share the French-Canadian haplotype, OPMD appears to be a heterogeneous disorder with similar phenotypes, but probably with different gene loci. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 SGOMU, Neurol Serv, Med Operat Squadron 74th, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Creel, GB (reprint author), SGOMU, Neurol Serv, Med Operat Squadron 74th, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 6 BP 816 EP 818 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199806)21:6<816::AID-MUS19>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZL163 UT WOS:000073405100019 PM 9585341 ER PT J AU Flint, DJ Paunovich, E Moore, WS Wofford, DT Hermesch, CB AF Flint, DJ Paunovich, E Moore, WS Wofford, DT Hermesch, CB TI A diagnostic comparison of panoramic and intraoral radiographs SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY; SELECTION CRITERIA; PATIENT SELECTION; EFFICACY AB Objective. This study compared panoramic and intraoral radiographic surveys in the evaluation of specific dental pathoses in Air Force personnel. Study design. The radiographs of 30 subjects were read singly and in various combinations: panoramic survey only; periapicals plus bitewings; panoramic survey plus bitewings; and panoramic survey plus periapicals plus bitewings. Three independent, blinded examiners using standardized viewing conditions assessed the radiographs in random order for the presence of caries, periapical pathoses, bone loss, furcation involvement, impacted/unerupted teeth, internal/external root resorption, and retained roots. The consensus radiographic standard of true pathosis was the simultaneous interpretation by the three examiners of all radiographs for each subject. Results and Conclusions. The panoramic survey by itself was shown to have the lowest correlation with the consensus radiographic standard when basic military trainees with generalized dental pathoses were evaluated. The combination of panoramic survey plus bitewing radiographs exhibited a diagnostic yield for specific pathoses that was comparable to that of panoramic survey plus bitewings plus periapicals. C1 USAF, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Hermesch, CB (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gen Dent, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 85 IS 6 BP 731 EP 735 DI 10.1016/S1079-2104(98)90043-9 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZU452 UT WOS:000074198400020 PM 9638709 ER PT J AU Berger, TM Frei, B Rifai, N Avery, ME Suh, J Yoder, BA Coalson, JJ AF Berger, TM Frei, B Rifai, N Avery, ME Suh, J Yoder, BA Coalson, JJ TI Early high dose antioxidant vitamins do not prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature baboons exposed to prolonged hyperoxia: A pilot study SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; HUMAN-BLOOD-PLASMA; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ASCORBIC-ACID; LUNG INJURY; SURFACTANT; TOXICITY; INFANTS; PATHOGENESIS; OXIDATION AB The antioxidant vitamins ascorbic acid (AA) and alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TP) effectively inhibit oxygen free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. Using a premature baboon model of hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), we measured concentrations of AA, alpha-TP, and conjugated dienes (CD, marker of lipid peroxidation) in four animals (hyperoxic antioxidant group) receiving high dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation (AA, 100 mg.kg.(-1).d(-1); alpha-TP; 20 mg.kg.(-1).d(-1)) and one animal receiving standard dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation (AA, 10 mg.kg.(-1).d(-1); alpha-TP, 1 mg.kg.(-1).d(-1)). Respiratory and histopathologic data were compared with data from 10 historical animals exposed to hyperoxia (hyperoxic control group) and 11 historical animals treated as required with oxygen (normoxic control group) who had received standard dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation. Compared with standard dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation, high dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation effectively raised AA concentrations in plasma (37 +/- 22 mu mol/L and 395 +/- 216 mu mol/L, respectively) and tracheal aspirates (62 +/- 35 mu mol/L and 286 +/- 205 mu mol/L, respectively), and alpha-TP concentrations in plasma (10.1 +/- 2.5 mu mol/L and 24.6 +/- 17.5 mu mol/L, respectively). However, there was no apparent effect on tracheal aspirate CD concentrations (482 +/- 333 mu mol/L and 1050 +/- 1111 mu mol/L, respectively), and respiratory parameters in the hyperoxic antioxidant group were comparable to those of the hyperoxic control group but significantly worse than in the normoxic control group. Finally, no protective effect of high dose antioxidant vitamin supplementation was noted at the histopathologic level. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joint Program Neonatol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Berger, TM (reprint author), Kinderspital Luzern, CH-6000 Luzern 16, Switzerland. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 56170, HL 49954, HL 52636] NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 43 IS 6 BP 719 EP 726 DI 10.1203/00006450-199806000-00002 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA ZP350 UT WOS:000073743500002 PM 9621979 ER PT J AU Simmons, JP Rao, SI Dimiduk, DM AF Simmons, JP Rao, SI Dimiduk, DM TI Simulation of dislocation single kinks in gamma-TiAl using embedded-atom method potentials SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; CRYSTALS; MECHANISMS; METALS; STRESS; ALLOYS AB Core structures and mobilities of kinks on 1/2 [110] screw dislocations in the L-10 structure have been simulated using embedded-atom method potentials fitted to the bulk properties of gamma-TiAl. Two kinks were simulated: a half-height kink, in which the kink height was 1/4 (1(1) over bar2$), and a full-height kink, in which the kink height was 1/2 [1(1) over bar2$]. Both kinks were diffuse, spreading out over a distance of 1.3 nm in the case of the half-height kink, and 2.8 nm in the case of the full-height kink. Both were found to move under a stress of less than 0.5 x 10(-3) mu, where mu is the shear modulus in the glide plane. This value is approximately an order of magnitude lower than the simulated friction stress of the unkinked screw dislocation. From consideration of the available experimental data on the low-temperature deformation behaviour of gamma-TiAl, it is suggested that kinks significantly modify the friction stress of dislocations in gamma-TiAl. C1 Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. USAF, Mat Directorate, Res Lab, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Simmons, JP (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 EI 1362-3036 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 77 IS 6 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1080/095008398178309 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA ZQ643 UT WOS:000073888600004 ER PT J AU Singh, SK McCombe, BD Wang, YJ Kono, J Lo, I Mitchel, WC Stutz, CE AF Singh, SK McCombe, BD Wang, YJ Kono, J Lo, I Mitchel, WC Stutz, CE TI High-field magneto-spectroscopy of quasi-2D electrons and holes in InAs/AlxGa1-xSb single quantum wells SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Electronic Properties of 2-Dimensional Systems CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL TOKYO, JAPAN DE InAs/AlGaSb quantum wells; semimetal-to-semiconductor transition; excitons; conduction-valence Landau-level mixing ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE OSCILLATIONS; SUPERLATTICES; TRANSITIONS AB Far-infrared magneto-transmission studies on two high mobility InAs/AlxGa1-xSb (x = 0.1 and 0.2) type-II single quantum wells in magnetic fields up to 30 T show that a magnetic-field-induced semimetal-semiconductor (SM-SC) transition occurs in the x = 0.2 sample between 8 and 12 T, and in the x = 0. 1 sample in the vicinity of 28 T. The so-called X-lines vanish at high magnetic fields and temperatures, consistent with their assignment to internal transitions of stable. spatially separated excitons. A large splitting (similar to 30 cm(-1)) between cyclotron-resonance-like transitions for 13 T less than or equal to B less than or equal to 23 T for the x = 0.1 sample is attributed to enhanced spin splitting due to conduction-valence-band Landau-level mixing across the interface. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Terahertz Sci & Technol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. USAF, Wright Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Singh, SK (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM sksingh@acsu.buffalo.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN PY 1998 VL 249 BP 927 EP 931 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00347-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 102HW UT WOS:000074919400201 ER PT J AU Woodward, C Kajihara, S Yang, LH AF Woodward, C Kajihara, S Yang, LH TI Site preferences and formation energies of substitutional Si, Nb, Mo, Ta,and W solid solutions in L1(0) Ti-Al SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; AB-INITIO; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; TRANSITION-METALS; POINT-DEFECTS; GROUND-STATE; STRESS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ALUMINUM; SYSTEMS AB Modifications to alloy chemistry are often used to tailor the intrinsic flow behavior of structural materials. Models of solution strengthening, high-temperature yield stress and creep must relate the effects of chemistry to the mechanisms which influence these material properties. In ordered alloys, additional information regarding the crystallographic site occupancy of substitutional solid solutions is required. The energy of intrinsic and substitutional point defects in L1(0) TiAl are calculated within a fil st principles, local density functional theory framework. We calculate the relaxed structures and energies of vacancies, antisites, and substitutional defects using a plane-wave pseudopotential method. The results of these total energy calculations are incorporated into a simple thermodynamic model in order to determine the density of point defects as a function of temperature and stoichiometry. Defect densities are presented as a function of alloy chemistry and temperature for binary TiAl and ternary additions (Si, Nb, Mo, Ta, and W). Defect formation energies are calculated using the derived chemical potentials of each atomic species for several alloy compositions. The predicted site selection of the solutes are in excellent agreement with recent x-ray emission experiments using a quantitative statistical method for atom location by channelling enhanced microanalysis. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Div H, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Universal Energy Syst Inc, Mat Res Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Woodward, C (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 45 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 21 BP 13459 EP 13470 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.13459 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZT216 UT WOS:000074061700028 ER PT J AU Habib, YM Lehner, CJ Oates, DE Vale, LR Ono, RH Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS AF Habib, YM Lehner, CJ Oates, DE Vale, LR Ono, RH Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS TI Measurements and modeling of the microwave impedance in high-T-c grain-boundary Josephson junctions: Fluxon generation and rf Josephson-vortex dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SURFACE-RESISTANCE; PENETRATION AB Measurements and modeling of the microwave-frequency (rf) power dependence of the impedance in Y-Ba-Cu-O thin-film grain-boundary Josephson junctions (JJ's) are presented. Microwave impedance measurements were performed using a stripline resonator with an engineered grain-boundary JJ as a function of rf current (10(-4)-1 A) and temperature (5-70 K). To understand the observed power dependence, we have developed a long-junction model which allows for Josephson-vortex creation, annihilation, and motion. The impedance calculated using the long-junction model fits the measured data qualitatively. We show that Josephson vortices generated by the rf fields cause nonlinearities in the impedance, resulting in increases in both resistance and reactance with steps in the resistance due to flux quantization. These observations and analysis of Josephson-vortex effects at microwave frequencies have important implications for understanding rf power handling in high-T-c films. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. USAF, Rome Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. MIT, Francis Bitter Natl Magnet Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Habib, YM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 26 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 21 BP 13833 EP 13844 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.13833 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZT216 UT WOS:000074061700069 ER PT J AU Shumlak, U Roderick, NF AF Shumlak, U Roderick, NF TI Mitigation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability by sheared axial flows SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID Z-PINCHES AB The stabilizing effect of sheared axial flows on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch implosions is investigated. Dispersion relations are derived that include the effects of a density discontinuity and a sheared how which produce the Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. The dispersion relations are examined in two limiting cases of practical interest, a uniform plasma implosion and an annular plasma implosion. The analytical results show a region of parameter space which provides complete stability. The analytical model is verified with nonlinear calculations using experimental implosion parameters and geometries. The results indicate that mitigation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is possible with a sufficient sheared axial flow. [S1070-664X(98)03406-5] C1 USAF, Phillips Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ Washington, Aerosp & Energet Res Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. RP Shumlak, U (reprint author), USAF, Phillips Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. OI Shumlak, Uri/0000-0002-2918-5446 NR 12 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 BP 2384 EP 2389 DI 10.1063/1.872913 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 110KQ UT WOS:000075380300025 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Wang, CS Caracci, S Husband, DM AF Lee, JW Wang, CS Caracci, S Husband, DM TI Optical loss in rod-like polymer thin films SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE waveguide; solid state coagulation; optical attenuation coefficient AB Optical thin films of three rod-like polymers, a rigid-rod polymer poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) (PBZT), a diadamantane-substituted PBZT (DMT-PBZT) and a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-substituted PBZT (BCO-PBZT), at different thicknesses were prepared with the solid-state coagulation process. In contrast to PBZT, DMT-PBZT and BCO-PBZT do not have a pi-conjugated backbone because of their aliphatic DMT and BCO moieties. The PBZT thin films showed an out-of-plane optical attenuation coefficient (alpha(0)) of 1300 dB cm(-1) at 600 nm wavelength while the alpha(0) value of the DMT-PBZT and the BCO-PBZT thin films at 600 nm wavelength could not be determined due to their weak absorption in the visible light region. However, the in-plane optical attenuation coefficient (alpha(1)) of the BCO-PBZT thin films was determined to be about 11.4 dB cm(-1) by waveguide measurement at 632 nm. By comparing the optical transmission of the PBZT thin films to that of the DMT-PBZT and the BCO-PBZT thin films, it is concluded that the optical loss in the PBZT thin films is mainly due to intrinsic absorption of the polymer. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Syscom Technol Inc, Hilliard, OH 43206 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lee, JW (reprint author), Syscom Technol Inc, Hilliard, OH 43206 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN PY 1998 VL 39 IS 13 BP 2765 EP 2768 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00532-6 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ZH159 UT WOS:000073078700009 ER PT J AU Morrison, WB Schweitzer, ME Batte, WG Radack, DP Russel, KM AF Morrison, WB Schweitzer, ME Batte, WG Radack, DP Russel, KM TI Osteomyelitis of the foot: Relative importance of primary and secondary MR imaging signs SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bones, infection; foot, infection; foot, MR ID GADOLINIUM-ENHANCED MR; DIABETIC FOOT; NEUROPATHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; INFECTIONS; DIAGNOSIS; DIFFERENTIATION; SCINTIGRAPHY; ABSCESSES; CHILDREN AB PURPOSE: To determine the usefulness of primary and secondary magnetic resonance (MR) imaging signs of osteomyelitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging at 1.5 T was performed in 73 feet (62 patients) with clinical concern for osteomyelitis. Images were reviewed retrospectively and separately by two reviewers in a blinded fashion for primary (abnormal marrow signal intensity) and secondary (ulcer, cellulitis, soft-tissue mass, abscess, sinus tract, cortical interruption) signs associated with osteomyelitis. RESULTS: Of the 73 feet, 43 had osteomyelitis. Discordant marrow signal intensity between individual MR sequences was observed by reader 1 in six (8%) feet and by reader 2 in 15 (21%) feet. For primary signs, fast spin-echo short inversion time inversion-recovery and gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images had the highest sensitivity, and T1-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced fat suppressed T1-weighted images had the highest specificity and least interobserver variability. Signs of cutaneous ulcer, sinus tract, and cortical interruption had the highest positive predictive value for osteomyelitis; signs of soft-tissue mass and cortical interruption had the highest negative predictive value. All had good interobserver agreement except cellulitis. CONCLUSION: When osteomyelitis of the foot is suspected, marrow signal intensity can differ on different types of MR images. Identification of secondary signs may augment diagnostic confidence when abnormal marrow signal intensity is seen. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. St Vincent Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, New York, NY USA. RP Morrison, WB (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 59th MDW-MTRD,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 31 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 3 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 207 IS 3 BP 625 EP 632 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZN534 UT WOS:000073655500012 PM 9609883 ER PT J AU Dubois, DF Prestidge, BR Hotchkiss, LA Prete, JJ Bice, WS AF Dubois, DF Prestidge, BR Hotchkiss, LA Prete, JJ Bice, WS TI Intraobserver and interobserver variability of MR imaging- and CT-derived prostate volumes after transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate, CT; prostate, MR; prostate, neoplasms; prostate, therapeutic radiology; therapeutic radiology, interstitial and intracavitary; treatment planning ID TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND; DOSIMETRY; ACCURACY AB PURPOSE: To evaluate the relative accuracy and precision of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of postimplantation prostate volume by determining intraobserver, interobserver, and intermodality variations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT and MR images of 41 consecutive patients, after transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy, were evaluated by two physicians to determine interobserver and intermodality variability in prostate volume measurements. Repeat evaluation in five randomly selected patients was used to determine intraobserver variability. RESULTS: Observer 1 versus 2 CT-determined mean prostate volume difference was statistically significant (-8.5 cm(3)+/-9.7[standard deviation],P <.001);observer 1 versus 2 MR-determined mean prostate volume difference was not significant (1.9cm(3)+/-11.7,P = .492). CT intraobserver range of dimensional errors was 3.5 and 11.4 times that of MR imaging. Observer 1 CT and MR volumes were significantly different (P = .001);observer 2 CT and MR volumes were not significantly different (P = .079). CONCLUSIONS: With both CT and MR imaging, variation is less when evaluations are conducted by one observer. Variation in one observer may be further reduced by using MR imaging in place of CT. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Dubois, DF (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol Serv, 59th Med Wing,MTRO,2200 Berquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 16 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 207 IS 3 BP 785 EP 789 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZN534 UT WOS:000073655500034 PM 9609905 ER PT J AU Dubinskii, MA Misra, P AF Dubinskii, MA Misra, P TI Rare-earth doped all-solid-state lasers for ultraviolet free radical spectroscopy SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; CRYSTALS C1 USAF, Res Lab, SNJT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Laser Spect Lab, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 6 BP 33 EP + PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA ZU537 UT WOS:000074208000005 ER PT J AU Purchase, IFH Botham, PA Bruner, LH Flint, OP Frazier, JM Stokes, WS AF Purchase, IFH Botham, PA Bruner, LH Flint, OP Frazier, JM Stokes, WS TI Workshop overview: Scientific and regulatory challenges for the reduction, refinement, and replacement of animals in toxicity testing SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LIVER SLICES; PRECISION-CUT LIVER; IN-VITRO; EYE IRRITATION; LUNG SLICES; RAT-LIVER; SKIN CORROSIVITY; TOXICOLOGY; VALIDATION; METABOLISM AB Public concern for animal welfare has been expressed through legislative control of animal use for experimental purposes since the first legislation was introduced in 1876 in the United Kingdom. Legislative control of animal use has been introduced in virtually every developed country, with major initiatives in Europe (1986) and the United States (1966 and 1985). Advances in scientific thinking resulted in the development of the concept of the three Rs-refinement, reduction, and replacement-by Russell and Burch in 1959, The field has expanded substantially since, with specialist scientific journals dedicated to alternatives, World Congresses organized to discuss the scientific and philosophical issues, and European and U.S. validation organizations being launched. Current scientific attention is focused on validation of alternative methods. The underlying scientific principles of chemical toxicity are complicated and insufficiently understood for alternative methods for all toxicity endpoints of importance in protecting human health to be available. Important lessons have been learned about how to validate methods, including the need to have prediction models available before the validation is undertaken, the need to understand the variability of the animal-based data which is to be used as the validation standard, and the need to have well-managed validation programs. Future progress will depend on the development of novel methods, which can now be validated through international collaborative efforts. (C) 1998 Society of Toxicology. C1 Zeneca Ltd, Cent Toxicol Lab, Macclesfield SK10 4TJ, Cheshire, England. Procter & Gamble Co, Hlth & Beauty Care Europe, Staines TW18 3AZ, Middx, England. Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Expt Pathol, E Syracuse, NY 13057 USA. USAF, Armstrong Lab, L AL HSC OET, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NIEHS, NTP Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Method, Environm Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Purchase, IFH (reprint author), Zeneca Ltd, Cent Toxicol Lab, Alderley Pk, Macclesfield SK10 4TJ, Cheshire, England. NR 57 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 43 IS 2 BP 86 EP 101 DI 10.1093/toxsci/43.2.86 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 108PR UT WOS:000075275100002 PM 9710950 ER PT J AU Whiton, RC Smith, PL Bigler, SG Wilk, KE Harbuck, AC AF Whiton, RC Smith, PL Bigler, SG Wilk, KE Harbuck, AC TI History of operational use of weather radar by US weather services. Part I: The pre-NEXRAD era SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article AB The first part of a history of the use of storm surveillance radars by operational military and civil weather services in the United States is presented. The history of radar meteorological research is long and distinguished but already well described. Hence, this paper and its companion focus on the history of operational radar meteorology from its birth in World War II through the introduction of the first two operational Doppler weather radars. This part deals with the pre-Next-Generation Weather Radar era. An appendix to this part contains what is known by the authors about the principal technical characteristics of most of the radars discussed in both parts. C1 Air Weather Serv, Scott AFB, IL USA. NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Washington, DC 20233 USA. Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. RP Whiton, RC (reprint author), SAIC, 619 W Hwy 50, Ofallon, IL 62269 USA. NR 84 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 219 EP 243 DI 10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0219:HOOUOW>2.0.CO;2 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 110VV UT WOS:000075402600002 ER PT J AU Whiton, RC Smith, PL Bigler, SG Wilk, KE Harbuck, AC AF Whiton, RC Smith, PL Bigler, SG Wilk, KE Harbuck, AC TI History of operational use of weather radar by US weather services. Part II: Development of operational Doppler weather radars SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID WSR-88D AB The second part of a history of the use of storm surveillance radars by operational military and civil weather services in the United States is presented. This part describes the genesis and evolution df two operational Doppler weather radars, the Next-Generation Weather Radar and Terminal Doppler Weather Radar. C1 Air Weather Serv, Scott AFB, IL USA. NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Washington, DC 20233 USA. Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. RP Whiton, RC (reprint author), SAIC, 619 W Hwy 50, Ofallon, IL 62269 USA. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 244 EP 252 DI 10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0244:HOOUOW>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 110VV UT WOS:000075402600003 ER PT J AU Hubbard, B AF Hubbard, B TI Reassessing Truman, the bomb, and revisionism: The burlesque frame and entelechy in the decision to use atomic weapons against Japan SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION LA English DT Review ID NUCLEAR-WEAPONS; COLD-WAR; HISTORY; MEMORY; REFLECTIONS; HIROSHIMA; POLITICS; SURRENDER; DISCOURSE; CULTURE AB This essay uses a Burkean perspective to explore the ongoing debate over Truman's decision to use atomic weapons against Japan. Specifically, this critical nuclear analysis argues that a burlesque frame and entelechial forces pushed decision-makers toward the tragedy of Hiroshima. This discussion takes issue with current revisionist discourse about the decision and shows hour a rhetorical perspective can provide additional insight into the current debate. C1 USAF, Off Publ Affairs, Off Secretary, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Hubbard, B (reprint author), USAF, Off Publ Affairs, Off Secretary, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 212 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU WESTERN STATES COMMUNICATION ASSOC PI SALT LAKE CITY PA UNIV UTAH, COMMUNICATION DEPT, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA SN 1057-0314 J9 WESTERN J COMM JI West. J. Commun. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 62 IS 3 BP 348 EP 385 PG 38 WC Communication SC Communication GA 133JH UT WOS:000076683100006 ER PT J AU Downs, JR Clearfield, M Weis, S Whitney, E Shapiro, DR Beere, PA Langendorfer, A Stein, EA Kruyer, W Gotto, AM AF Downs, JR Clearfield, M Weis, S Whitney, E Shapiro, DR Beere, PA Langendorfer, A Stein, EA Kruyer, W Gotto, AM CA AFCAPS TexCAPS Res Grp TI Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels - Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEART-DISEASE; SERUM-CHOLESTEROL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BLOOD-INSTITUTE; NATIONAL-HEART; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; PRAVASTATIN; POPULATION; PROGRAM; PLASMA AB Context.-Although cholesterol-reducing treatment has been shown to reduce fatal and nonfatal coronary disease in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), it is unknown whether benefit from the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients without CHD extends to individuals with average serum cholesterol levels, women, and older persons. Objective.-To compare lovastatin with placebo for prevention of the first acute major coronary event in men and women without clinically evident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with average total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C levels and below-average high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Design.-A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting.-Outpatient clinics in Texas. Participants.-A total of 5608 men and 997 women with average TC and LDL-C and below-average HDL-C las characterized by lipid percentiles for an age-and sex-matched cohort without cardiovascular disease from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES] III). Mean (SD) TC level was 5.71 (0.54) mmol/L (221 [21] mg/dL) (51st percentile), mean (SD) LDL-C level was 3.89 (0.43) mmol/L (150 [17] mg/dL) (60th percentile), mean (SD) HDL-C level was 0.94 (0.14) mmol/L (36 [5] mg/dL) for men and 1.03 (0.14) mmol/L (40 [5] mg/dL) for women (25th and 16th percentiles, respectively), and median (SD) triglyceride levels were 1.78 (0.86) mmol/L (158 [76] mg/dL) (63rd percentile). Intervention.-Lovastatin (20-40 mg daily) or placebo in addition to a low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet. Main Outcome Measures.-First acute major coronary event defined as fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or sudden cardiac death. Results.-After an average follow-up of 5.2 years, lovastatin reduced the incidence of first acute major coronary events (183 vs 116 first events; relative risk [RR], 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.79; P<.001), myocardial infarction (95 vs 57 myocardial infarctions; RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.83; P=.002), unstable angina (87 vs 60 first unstable angina events; RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.95; P=.02), coronary revascularization procedures (157 vs 106 procedures; RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52-0.85; P=.001), coronary events (215 vs 163 coronary events; RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61-0.92; P=.006), and cardiovascular events (255 vs 194 cardiovascular events; RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62-0.91; P=.003). Lovastatin (20-40 mg daily) reduced LDL-C by 25% to 2.96 mmol/L (115 mg/dL) and increased HDL-C by 6% to 1.02 mmol/L (39 mg/dL). There were no clinically relevant differences in safety parameters between treatment groups. Conclusions.-Lovastatin reduces the risk for the first acute major coronary event in men and women with average TC and LDL-C levels and below-average HDL-C levels. These findings support the inclusion of HDL-C in risk-factor assess ment, confirm the benefit of LDL-C reduction to a target goal, and suggest the need for reassessment of the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines regarding pharmacological intervention. C1 Cornell Univ Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ft Worth, TX USA. Heart & Vasc Inst Texas, San Antonio, TX USA. Merck & Co Inc, W Point, PA USA. Metab & Atherosclerosis Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Gotto, AM (reprint author), Cornell Univ Med Coll, 1300 York Ave,Room F105, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM dean@mail.med.cornell.edu NR 20 TC 3511 Z9 3647 U1 15 U2 176 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 27 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 20 BP 1615 EP 1622 DI 10.1001/jama.279.20.1615 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZP489 UT WOS:000073758600030 PM 9613910 ER PT J AU McNeil, WJ Lai, ST Murad, E AF McNeil, WJ Lai, ST Murad, E TI Differential ablation of cosmic dust and implications for the relative abundances of atmospheric metals SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID EARTHS UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; METEORIC METALS; ION COMPOSITION; SODIUM LAYER; IONOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; MODEL; PARTICLES; ILLINOIS; COMPLEX AB Although it is generally accepted that extraterrestrial material is the source of metals in the upper atmosphere, the relative abundances of mesospheric metal atoms and ions present us with a conundrum. Lidar observations have consistently shown that the abundances of neutral metals in the atmosphere and the abundances of these metals in the meteoric material that falls to Earth are significantly disproportionate. The column density of neutral sodium is perhaps 2 orders of magnitude larger than that of calcium, while the abundances in meteorites are approximately equal. By contrast, ion mass spectroscopy has shown that the abundances of the meteoric ions match reasonably well those in the meteorites. We present here a model that attempts to address these discrepancies. At the heart of the model is the concept of differential ablation, which suggests that more volatile metals sublimate earlier in the descent of a cosmic dust particle than do the less volatile components. We model three different meteoric metals: sodium, magnesium, and calcium. Results suggest that sodium ablates to a greater extent than does calcium and that it ablates at a substantially higher altitude. Deposition at lower altitudes leads to more rapid conversion of the atomic calcium into complexes through three-body reactions. Thus the depletion of calcium arises from both a decrease in deposition and an increase in the rate of removal of that which is deposited. We examine the behavior of the model in several respects, comparing predicted results with measurements and finding reasonable agreement. We argue that the success of this model indicates that differential ablation is a key factor in the determination of the relative abundances of meteoric metals in the mesosphere. C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Radex Inc, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP McNeil, WJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, VSBS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM mcneil@plh.af.mil; lai11@plh.af.mil; murad@plh.af.mil NR 52 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 20 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D9 BP 10899 EP 10911 DI 10.1029/98JD00282 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZN676 UT WOS:000073670500023 ER PT J AU Christe, KO Wilson, WW Drake, GW Dixon, DA Boatz, JA Gnann, RZ AF Christe, KO Wilson, WW Drake, GW Dixon, DA Boatz, JA Gnann, RZ TI Pentagonal planar AX(5) species: Synthesis and characterization of the iodine(III) pentafluoride dianion, IF52- SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ALKALI-METAL FLUORIDES; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; 1ST EXAMPLE; EFFICIENT; ANION; ATOMS AB The new IF52- dianion, which is only the second known example of a pentagonal planar AX(5) species, was prepared as its N(CH3)(4)(+) salt from N(CH3)(4)LF4 and N(CH3)(4)F in CH3CN solution. Its structure was established by infrared and Raman spectroscopy, ab initio calculations, and a comparison to isoelectronic XeF5-. Furthermore, vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction data show that the previously reported composition "Cs3IF6" is actually a mixture of Cs2IF5 and CsF. Ab inito calculations also show that the most probable geometries for the free LF63- ion are vibrationally unstable and undergo spontaneous F- ion loss with formation of either pentagonal planar IF52- or square planar IF4-. The synthesis and some properties of the new N(CH3)(4)IF4 salt and a revised normal coordinate analysis of XeF5- are also presented. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Hughes STX, Propuls DIrectorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Univ So Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, Hughes STX, Propuls DIrectorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 53 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 20 PY 1998 VL 120 IS 19 BP 4711 EP 4716 DI 10.1021/ja980057+ PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZP974 UT WOS:000073807700020 ER PT J AU Browne, D Baatz, LM Millard, F Ward, FT AF Browne, D Baatz, LM Millard, F Ward, FT TI Oncology services - The department of defense perspective SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Cancer-Society National Conference on Purchasing Oncology Services - Current Methods and Models in the Marketplace CY SEP 11-12, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Canc Soc AB The Department of Defense (DoD) military health system has responsibility for providing medical care for more than 8 million beneficiaries. This article discusses initiatives related to both the providing and purchasing of oncology services. A description of health care coverage under TRICARE, the Department's managed care program, which utilizes military treatment facilities and civilian health care providers, is provided. Participation in clinical trials by the DoD beneficiaries, oncology services in military treatment facilities, quality management programs, cancer research, and the development of new technologies to enhance early cancer detection are presented. Access to research trials and new technologies is necessary for a comprehensive approach to cancer care. Clinical trials have been the vehicle by which the oncology community developed most of its formal clinical evidence for the efficacy of various treatment approaches. The Department participates in clinical trials through cooperative group membership or affiliation. Through an interagency agreement with the National Cancer Institute, DoD beneficiaries have available the option of participating in NCI-sponsored clinical trials through the direct military care system or through civilian care with reimbursement for approved protocols nationwide. The DoD has been actively involved in breast cancer research since 1992 and prostate and ovarian cancer research since 1997. The goals of the cancer research programs are to expedite and facilitate breakthroughs in research, support innovative, and exploratory ideas with a vision to foster new directions, address neglected issues, and bring new investigators into the research arena. The program incorporates the consumer perspective by involving consumers in the decision-making process. The DoD health care system trains experts in the management of cancer patients and provides a multidisciplinary approach to care through the direct military health care system or through network providers as part of the TRICARE system. Although cost containment is key, the delivery of high quality health care that is easily accessible is a primary goal of the military health system. Provision of a comprehensive benefits package that includes a spectrum of care and employing outcomes measurements to evaluate care that is appropriate for the patient's disease is essential. (C) 1998 American Cancer Society. C1 USA, Off Assistant Secretary Def, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USAF, Wright Patterson Hosp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Browne, D (reprint author), MCMR ZC, HQ, USAMRMC, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 10 SU S BP 2010 EP 2015 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZL633 UT WOS:000073454700006 PM 9587099 ER PT J AU Miake-Lye, RC Anderson, BE Cofer, WR Wallio, HA Nowicki, GD Ballenthin, JO Hunton, DE Knighton, WB Miller, TM Seeley, JV Viggiano, AA AF Miake-Lye, RC Anderson, BE Cofer, WR Wallio, HA Nowicki, GD Ballenthin, JO Hunton, DE Knighton, WB Miller, TM Seeley, JV Viggiano, AA TI SOx oxidation and volatile aerosol in aircraft exhaust plumes depend on fuel sulfur content SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE; ION AB Volatile and nonvolatile aerosols were measured in the wake of a B757 airliner in flight, in concert with measurements of gaseous SOx and CO2 emissions, while the airplane was burning fuel with a sulfur content of either 72 parts per million by mass (ppmm) or 676 ppmm. The volatile aerosol number density exceeded that of the nonvolatile for both fuels and, while the nonvolatile (soot) component was largely insensitive to the fuel sulfur content, the volatile component depleted the gas-phase sulfur species with a condensed fraction that increased from 6% (low S) to 31% (high S). The large proportion of SOx in the aerosol phase and its nonlinear dependence on fuel sulfur content cannot be explained by known combustion mechanisms and has the potential for significant environmental effects. C1 Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Aerothermodynam, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Div Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBP, Hanscom Field, MA USA. RP Miake-Lye, RC (reprint author), Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Aerothermodynam, 45 Manning Rd, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM rick@aerodyne.com NR 21 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1677 EP 1680 DI 10.1029/98GL00064 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ZN248 UT WOS:000073626900035 ER PT J AU Chen, AJ Kallinderis, Y AF Chen, AJ Kallinderis, Y TI Adaptive hybrid (prismatic-tetrahedral) grids for incompressible flows SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE adaptive; hybrid grids; incompressible; Navier-Stokes; finite volume; pressure correction; 3-D ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; VISCOUS FLOWS; COMPLEX GEOMETRIES; GENERATION; REFINEMENT AB Hybrid grids consisting of prisms and tetrahedra are employed for the solution of the 3-D Navier-Stokes equations of incompressible flow. A pressure correction scheme is employed with a finite volume-finite element spatial discretization. The traditional staggered grid formulation has been substituted with a collocated mesh approach which uses fourth-order artificial dissipation. The hybrid grid is refined adaptively in local regions of appreciable flow variations. The scheme operations are performed on an edge-wise basis which unifies treatment of both types of grid elements. The adaptive method is employed for incompressible flows in both single and multiply-connected domains. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Kallinderis, Y (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1085 EP 1105 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(19980515)26:9<1085::AID-FLD683>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA ZM788 UT WOS:000073575900005 ER PT J AU Gardner, JA Edwards, A Rao, MV Papanicolaou, N Kelner, G Holland, OW Capano, MA Ghezzo, M Kretchmer, J AF Gardner, JA Edwards, A Rao, MV Papanicolaou, N Kelner, G Holland, OW Capano, MA Ghezzo, M Kretchmer, J TI Material and n-p junction properties of N-, P-, and N/P-implanted SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB Elevated temperature (ET) multiple energy N, P, and N/P implantations were performed into p-type 6H-SiC epitaxial layers. For comparison, room temperature (RT) N and P implantations were also performed. In the N/P coimplanted material a sheet resistance of 2.1X10(2) Ohm/square was measured, which is lower compared to the values measured in N or P implanted material of the same net donor dose. The RT P implantation resulted in heavy lattice damage and consequently low P electrical activation, even after 1600 degrees C annealing. After annealing the Rutherford backscattering yield either coincided or came close to the virgin level for ET implantations and RT N implantation, whereas for RT P implantation the yield was high, indicating the presence of high residual damage. Vertical n-p junction diodes were made by selective area ET N, P, and N/P implantations and RT N and P implantations using a 2.5 mu m thick SiO2 layer as an implant mask. The diodes were characterized by capacitance-voltage and variable temperature current-voltage measurements. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. AFRL, MLPO, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. GE, Corp Res & Dev, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA. RP Gardner, JA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 14 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 10 BP 5118 EP 5124 DI 10.1063/1.367329 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZP639 UT WOS:000073773600016 ER PT J AU Devine, RAB Warren, WL Karna, S AF Devine, RAB Warren, WL Karna, S TI Comment on "A model of hole trapping in SiO2 films on silicon" [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6822 (1997)] SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SI/SIO2/SI STRUCTURES; TEMPERATURE; OXYGEN AB Recent measurements of oxygen-vacancy creation in Si/SiO2/Si structures during high temperature annealing which suggest an activation energy of 1.5 eV for the process have been interpreted in terms of a simple thermodynamic model. We demonstrate that this model is inconsistent with thermochemical calculations which indicate that the energy for this process is 4.5 eV [K. P. Huber and G. Hertz, Molecular Structure and Molecular Structure IV, Constants of Diatomic Molecules (Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1979), p. 490]. Another process involving thermally induced oxygen out-diffusion at the SiO2/Si interface has an effective activation energy for oxygen-vacancy creation similar to 2.0 eV, this is more consistent with the experimental data. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etud Telecommun, F-38243 Meylan, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Devine, RAB (reprint author), France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etud Telecommun, BP 98, F-38243 Meylan, France. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 10 BP 5591 EP 5592 DI 10.1063/1.367498 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZP639 UT WOS:000073773600096 ER PT J AU Ford, SD Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC AF Ford, SD Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC TI Constrained least-squares estimation in deconvolution from wave-font sensing SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE atmospheric turbulence; constrained least-squares; deconvolution from wavefront sensing ID REFERENCED SPECKLE-HOLOGRAPHY; TO-NOISE-RATIO; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; TURBULENCE AB We address the optimal processing of astronomical images using the deconvolution from wave-front sensing technique (DWFS). A constrained least-squares (CLS) solution which incorporates ensemble average DWFS data is derived using Lagrange minimization, The new estimator requires DWFS data, noise statistics, OTF statistics, and a constraint. The constraint can be chosen such that the algorithm selects a conventional regularization constant automatically. No ad hoc parameter tuning is necessary. The algorithm uses an iterative Newton-Raphson minimization to determine the optimal Lagrange multiplier. Computer simulation of a 1 m telescope imaging through atmospheric turbulence is used to test the estimation scheme. CLS object estimates are compared with those processed via manual tuning of the regularization constant. The CLS algorithm provides images with comparable resolution and is computationally inexpensive, converging to a solution in less than 10 iterations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Ford, SD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, DEBS, Bldg 422,3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 151 IS 1-3 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00074-1 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZY489 UT WOS:000074626900019 ER PT J AU Dearborn, ME Koch, K Moore, GT Diels, JC AF Dearborn, ME Koch, K Moore, GT Diels, JC TI Greater than 100% photon-conversion efficiency from an optical parametric oscillator with intracavity difference-frequency mixing SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERIODICALLY POLED LINBO3; CONTINUOUS-WAVE; GENERATION AB Using 100-ps Nd:YAG pump pulses, we synchronously pump an optical parametric oscillator with intracavity difference-frequency mixing (DFM) between the signal and the idler. The cavity is singly resonant at the signal frequency. The signal, idler, and difference wavelengths are near 1.5, 3.5, and 2.8 mu m, respectively. Periodically poled lithium niobate is used for both interactions. Results show an 80% enhancement in the idler power-conversion efficiency and an idler photon-conversion efficiency of 110% when the DFM-interaction is phase matched. Back conversion of the pump is Suppressed when the DFM interaction is phase matched, and pump depletion increases from 65% to 79% at full pump power. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF, Res Lab, DELO, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Adv Studies, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Dearborn, ME (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, DELO, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 9 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 10 BP 759 EP 761 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000759 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZM913 UT WOS:000073588900008 PM 18087333 ER PT J AU Iaconis, C Walmsley, IA AF Iaconis, C Walmsley, IA TI Spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction of ultrashort optical pulses SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FEMTOSECOND PULSES; DOMAIN AB We present a novel, self referencing interferometric technique for measuring the amplitude and the phase of ultrashort optical pulses. The apparatus uses a collinear geometry that requires no moving components. The phase-retrieval procedure is noniterative and rapid and uses only two one-dimensional Fourier transforms. We apply the technique to characterize ultrashort pulses from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillator. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, LIDA, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Iaconis, C (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. NR 14 TC 721 Z9 733 U1 17 U2 99 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 10 BP 792 EP 794 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000792 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZM913 UT WOS:000073588900019 PM 18087344 ER PT J AU Lang, M Hartman, GA Larsen, JM AF Lang, M Hartman, GA Larsen, JM TI Investigation of an abnormality in fatigue crack growth curves - The Marci effect SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 MLLN, AFRL, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lang, M (reprint author), MLLN, AFRL, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY 12 PY 1998 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1803 EP 1810 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00120-1 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZT364 UT WOS:000074077700010 ER PT J AU Li, H Hohl, A Gavrielides, A Hou, H Choquette, KD AF Li, H Hohl, A Gavrielides, A Hou, H Choquette, KD TI Stable polarization self-modulation in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; DYNAMICS AB The characteristics of polarization self-modulation in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) were studied for frequencies up to approximate to 9 GHz both experimentally and theoretically. Polarization self-modulation was obtained by rotating the linearly polarized output of the VCSEL by 90 degrees and reinjecting it into the laser. Experimentally we simultaneously recorded time traces, optical and radio-frequency spectra. We found for increasing modulation frequencies that the output characteristics changed from square-wave to sinusoidal and the VCSEL system assumed new polarization eigenstates that are different from the free-running VCSEL eigenstates. We modeled polarization self-modulation as an interband process and found a good qualitative agreement between our experimental and numerical results. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)01019-5]. C1 USAF, Res Lab DELO, Nonlinear Opt Grp, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Compound Semicond Sci & Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab DELO, Nonlinear Opt Grp, Phillips Res Site,3550 Aberdeen Ave, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM huali@chtm.unm.edu NR 9 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 11 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 19 BP 2355 EP 2357 DI 10.1063/1.121398 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZM442 UT WOS:000073540600001 ER PT J AU DeLong, ML Duncan, BD Parker, JH AF DeLong, ML Duncan, BD Parker, JH TI Parametric extension of the classical exposure-schedule theory for angle-multiplexed photorefractive recording over wide angles SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID HOLOGRAPHIC MEMORY-SYSTEMS; DIFFRACTION EFFICIENCY; DATA-STORAGE; LINBO3; CRYSTALS; MEDIA; STATE; ERROR; NOISE AB The gradual reorientations in crystal geometry encountered during angle-multiplexed holographic recording with obliquely incident recording beams can create significant parametric exposure-time and recording-angle dependencies in both grating writing-and erasure-time constants. We present a parametric extension of the classically derived backward-recursion algorithm that compensates for the intermingling effects of recording geometry, writing-beam intensity variations, and unique crystal behavior. We present experimental data for a sequence of 301 holograms recorded with the goal of equal hologram strength and, separately, the same sequence recorded with the goal of equal hologram reconstruction intensity-which are different cases for a steeply incident readout beam. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Veridian, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. Univ Dayton, Ctr Electroopt, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Laser Sensor Technol Lab, Electroopt Warfare Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP DeLong, ML (reprint author), Veridian, 5200 Springfield Pike,Suite 200, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 14 BP 3015 EP 3030 DI 10.1364/AO.37.003015 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZL890 UT WOS:000073483800023 PM 18273248 ER PT J AU Lin, ZL Pachter, M Banda, S AF Lin, ZL Pachter, M Banda, S TI Toward improvement of tracking performance - nonlinear feedback for linear systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL LA English DT Article AB A composite nonlinear feedback tracking control law based on a nominal linear controller is proposed. The design yields nonlinear feedback laws that both increase the speed of the closed-loop system response to the command input and reduce the overshoot, while not imperilling the small signal performance achieved by the nominal linear feedback controller in the face of actuator amplitude saturation. A modern flight control application is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, Flight Dynam Dir WL FGIC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lin, ZL (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 6 TC 143 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0020-7179 J9 INT J CONTROL JI Int. J. Control PD MAY 10 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1080/002071798222433 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA ZM782 UT WOS:000073575300001 ER PT J AU Benek, JA Kraft, EM Lauer, RF AF Benek, JA Kraft, EM Lauer, RF TI Validation issues for engine-airframe integration SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 27th Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference CY JUN 17-20, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The engine-airframe integration methodology is reviewed and some process deficiencies are identified. The use of computational fluid dynamics as an alternative simulation source is discussed. An approach toward combining computations with the existing integration methodology is suggested. Validation issues associated with the computational procedures are examined. Computational fluid dynamics as a source of test facility corrections is found to be well developed, but validation efforts remain ad hoc. The use of computational fluid dynamics to evaluate inlet drag increments and to generate high-resolution total pressure maps is discussed. Related validation issues include the simulation of unsteady flow with steady-state approximations. C1 Micro Craft Inc, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. Sverdrup Technol Inc, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. RP Benek, JA (reprint author), Micro Craft Inc, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.2514/2.434 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZM078 UT WOS:000073502500012 ER PT J AU Orkwis, PD Sekar, B Chakravarthy, S Peroomian, O AF Orkwis, PD Sekar, B Chakravarthy, S Peroomian, O TI Comparison of three Navier-Stokes equation solvers for supersonic open cavity simulations SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference CY JUL 06-09, 1997 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID COMPUTATIONS C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Components Branch, Turbine Engn Div,Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Metacomp Technol Inc, Weslake Village, CA 91361 USA. RP Orkwis, PD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 865 EP 867 DI 10.2514/2.448 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZM078 UT WOS:000073502500025 ER PT J AU De Jong, MJ AF De Jong, MJ TI Infective endocarditis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Coronary Care Unit, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP De Jong, MJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Coronary Care Unit, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 98 IS 5 BP 34 EP 35 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA ZM898 UT WOS:000073587400020 ER PT J AU O'Connell, LP Fries, MH Zeringue, E Brehm, W AF O'Connell, LP Fries, MH Zeringue, E Brehm, W TI Triage of abnormal postmenopausal bleeding: A comparison of endometrial biopsy and transvaginal sonohysterography versus fractional curettage with hysteroscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE postmenopausal bleeding; endometrial biopsy; transvaginal sonohysterography; curettage; hysteroscopy ID PERIMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; WOMEN; TAMOXIFEN; CANCER AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the combined diagnostic reliability of sonohysterography and endometrial biopsy with fractional curettage with hysteroscopy in the initial evaluation of postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. STUDY DESIGN: This year-long, prospective, controlled, clinical investigation was initiated Sept. 1, 1995. All postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding were offered inclusion with 104 enrolled. An endometrial biopsy was performed at the time of initial evaluation. Routine transvaginal ultrasonography was then used to measure the uterus, ovaries. and endometrial stripe thickness, followed immediately by sonohysterography to evaluate the symmetry of endometrial wall thickness and delineate any intraluminal masses. Definitive histopathologic sampling was obtained by fractional curettage with hysteroscopy and statistically compared with the diagnoses arrived at by endometrial biopsy and sonohysterography. RESULTS: The combination of endometrial biopsy and transvaginal sonohysterography positively correlated with the surgical findings>95% of the time, with a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 96%, respectively (confidence interval 91% to 99%). No patients with endometrial hyperplasia or cancer were misdiagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: Sonohysterography combined with endometrial biopsy is a reliable office tool for evaluating postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Medical management of those patients identified as having no endometrial abnormalities can he considered with confidence, while saving the cost and surgical risk of fractional curettage. Patients with intraluminal masses should be referred for surgical management in a timely fashion. C1 Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Keesler AFB, MS USA. RP O'Connell, LP (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 10 MDG SGOBO,4102 Pin Dr,Suite 100, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 19 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 178 IS 5 BP 956 EP 961 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70530-7 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA ZP972 UT WOS:000073807400014 PM 9609566 ER PT J AU DiGeronimo, RJ Gegg, CA Zuckerman, SL AF DiGeronimo, RJ Gegg, CA Zuckerman, SL TI Adenosine depletion alters postictal hypoxic cerebral vasodilation in the newborn pig SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE seizures; hypoxia; hypercapnia ID BLOOD-FLOW VELOCITY; INTERSTITIAL FLUID ADENOSINE; BICUCULLINE-INDUCED SEIZURES; AUTO-REGULATION; PERINATAL ASPHYXIA; PRETERM INFANTS; BRAIN ADENOSINE; NITRIC-OXIDE; PIGLETS; AUTOREGULATION AB Altered postictal cerebral blood flow dilatory responses may contribute to brain injury following neonatal seizures. We developed an initial series of experiments to characterize the effects of seizure activity on cerebral vascular dilatory responses during the immediate postictal period. Significant attenuation of postictal hypoxic cerebral vasodilation was noted. We hypothesize that this diminished cerebral dilator response to hypoxia involves depletion of adenosine (Ado) activity resulting from seizure ictus. Additional experiments were designed to evaluate whether the altered postictal responses were related to a depletion of Ado stores or a decreased response to Ado in the postictal state. Farm-bred piglets were equipped with closed cranial windows. Responses to hypercapnia (10% CO2), hypoxia (fractional inspired O-2 = 0.10), and topical sodium nitroprusside (10(-6) M) were compared before and after bicuculline-induced seizures (1 mg/kg). Hypoxia-induced cerebral vasodilation was significantly attenuated in the first 90 mill postictal (control: 56.5 +/- 6%, 10 min postictal: 6.3 +/- 2%, 60 min postictal: 21.7 +/- 6%, and 90 min postictal: 21.6 +/- 5%; P < 0.01), whereas the dilator responses to hypercapnia and topical sodium nitroprusside remained intact. In a separate group of piglets, both a dilating (10(-5) M) and a nondilating concentration of Ado (10(-11) M) were topically administered postictally to measure their effects on pial vessel dilatory response to hypoxia. Dilation to topical Ado (10(-5) M) was not altered postictally compared with control. Ado (10(-11) M) restored hypoxia-induced vasodilation to preseizure control values in the immediate postictal period (control: 51.0 +/- 8%, postictal: 46.7 +/- 8%; P > 0.05). Postictal administration of Ado will restore hypoxia-induced cerebral vasodilation in piglets even when a nondilating concentration is employed. This suggests that depletion of Ado with seizure activity is a mechanism for the loss of postictal cerebral vasodilation to hypoxia, and the role of Ado in hypoxic cerebral vasodilation is permissive. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP DiGeronimo, RJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, 59th MDW MNP,2200 Berquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 274 IS 5 BP H1495 EP H1501 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA ZM195 UT WOS:000073514200011 PM 9612355 ER PT J AU Sheriff, DD Van Bibber, R AF Sheriff, DD Van Bibber, R TI Flow-generating capability of the isolated skeletal muscle pump SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE muscle blood flow; skeletal muscle veins; muscle vascular conductance; muscle vascular resistance; metabolic vasodilation; functional hyperemia; muscle venous pump; venous return; venous function; venous physiology; vascular capacitance; blood pressure; muscle contraction; exercise ID HEAVY RHYTHMIC EXERCISE; BLOOD-FLOW; DYNAMIC EXERCISE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; CALF MUSCLE; CAPACITY; PRESSURE; VOLUME; ONSET AB We sought to test directly whether the mechanical forces produced during rhythmic muscle contraction and relaxation act on the muscle vasculature in a manner sufficient to initiate and sustain blood flow To accomplish this goal, we evaluated the mechanical performance of the isolated skeletal muscle pump. The hindlimb skeletal muscle pump was isolated by reversibly connecting the inferior vena cava and terminal aorta with extracorporeal tubing in 15- to 20-kg anesthetized pigs (n = 5). During electrically evoked contractions (1/s), hindlimb muscles were made to perfuse themselves by diverting the venous blood propelled out of the muscles into the shunt tubing, which had been prefilled with fresh arterial blood. This caused arterial blood to be pushed into the distal aorta and then through the muscles (shunt open, proximal aorta and vena cava clamped). In essence, the muscles perfused themselves for brief periods by driving blood around a "short-circuit" that isolates muscle from the remainder of the circulation, analogous to isolated heart-lung preparations. Because the large, short shunt offers a negligible resistance to flow, the arterial-venous pressure difference across the limbs was continuously zero, and thus the energy to drive flow through muscle could come only from the muscle pump. The increase in blood flow during normal heart-perfused contractions (with only the shunt tubing clamped) was compared with shunt perfused contractions in which the large veins were preloaded with extra blood volume. Muscle blood flow increased by 87 +/- 11 and 110 +/- 21 (SE) ml/min in the first few seconds after the onset of shunt-perfused and heart-perfused contractions, respectively (P > 0.4). We conclude that the mechanical forces produced by muscle contraction and relaxation act on the muscle vasculature in a manner sufficient to generate a significant flow of blood. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USAF, Res Lab, HEPM, Flight Mot Effects Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Sheriff, DD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, HEPM, Flight Mot Effects Branch, 2504 Gillingham Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-46314] NR 21 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 274 IS 5 BP H1502 EP H1508 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA ZM195 UT WOS:000073514200012 PM 9612356 ER PT J AU Stapleton, TR Waldrop, JI Ruder, CR Parrish, TA Kuivila, TE AF Stapleton, TR Waldrop, JI Ruder, CR Parrish, TA Kuivila, TE TI Graft fixation strength with arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - Two-incision rear entry technique compared with one-incision technique SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACL RECONSTRUCTION AB To compare the fixation strengths of two arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques, we harvested 10-mm bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts with 25-mm bone plugs from 12 fresh-frozen cadaveric knees. One knee of each pair was fixed using Acufex instruments and the two-incision technique; one knee was fixed using Arthrotek instruments and the one-incision technique. We used cannulated 9 x 25 mm Kurosaka screws for femoral and tibial tunnel fixation. All knees were mounted on the Instron Test System and were stressed to failure by recreating a pivot shift maneuver. The one-incision technique graft fixation was significantly stronger (mean failure, 695 N) than that with the two-incision technique (mean failure, 593 N). in all one-incision technique knees, either the patellar tendon graft avulsed off a bone plug or the plug broke. in five of six two-incision technique knees, the tibial bone plug pulled out around the interference screw. Patellar tendon graft length ranges from 90 to 105 mm, and the average two-incision technique tunnel length is 120 mm. The interference screw compressed the femoral bone plug into cortical bone but compressed the tibial bone plug into cancellous bone in the two-incision technique, while in the one-incision technique the bone plug was compressed into cortical bone on both sides. C1 Hughston Clin, Columbus, GA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Waldrop, JI (reprint author), Hughston Clin, PC,6262 Vet Pkwy, Columbus, GA USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 442 EP 445 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA ZQ970 UT WOS:000073921700018 PM 9617411 ER PT J AU Pelton, JJ Hoffman, JP Eisenberg, BL AF Pelton, JJ Hoffman, JP Eisenberg, BL TI Comparison of liver function tests after hepatic lobectomy and hepatic wedge resection SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID REGENERATION AB Prior studies have suggested that changes in liver function tests may vary with the postoperative time interval and may be related to the extent of hepatic resection. This study describes characteristic profiles in parenchymal liver enzymes and other serum liver function tests over a 4-week course comparing anatomic to nonanatomic hepatic resections. The records of 48 patients undergoing successful major hepatic resection during a 3-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Of these 48 patients, 28 underwent formal anatomic resection (hepatic lobectomy), and 20 underwent nonanatomic resections (wedge resection). Routine postoperative management in lobectomy patients included drawing liver function tests and enzymes daily for the First week, then at approximately 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. These tests included: prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time, total serum bilirubin, total protein (TP), aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase, albumin (A), and glucose. Patients undergoing wedge resections had these values checked less frequently, approximately 3 to 5 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks postoperatively. Profiles of these values were plotted over the 4-week postoperative time course for each group of patients. Patients undergoing hepatic lobectomy showed a characteristic laboratory value profile. PT elevated within 48 hours to a mean high of 16.0 seconds, then returned to normal by postoperative day 4. Partial thromboplastin time levels remained normal throughout the entire perioperative course. Total bilirubin rose slightly, to a mean high of 2.6 mg/100 cc, then returned to normal by postoperative day (POD) 14. Parenchymal liver enzymes aspartate transaminase and LDH rose abruptly to very high levels, then returned abruptly to normal (by POD 5). TP and A both fell to approximately 50 per cent of normal, gradually rising to normal by POD 14. Glucose rose to a mean high of 199 mg/100 cc within the first 5 days, then returned to normal by POD 7. Alkaline phosphatase remained normal initially, then showed a progressive rise to a high of 288 mg/100 cc on POD 14. Patients undergoing wedge resections did not show the same changes in total serum bilirubin, but showed similar trends in all other tests, although the magnitude of these changes was smaller. TP and A levels fell acutely after resection, then began a slow rise toward normal by POD 21. TP and A profiles were similar for both lobectomy patients and those undergoing wedge resection. The only tests that may have altered clinical management were the PT and total bilirubin. Patients undergoing major hepatic resection have characteristic postoperative profiles of liver enzymes and liver function tests. These laboratory profiles differ with the extent of hepatic resection. The profiles reflect changes in volume status, parenchymal liver destruction, transient hepatic insufficiency, and postoperative hepatic regeneration. However, except possibly for PT and bilirubin, the routine use of these tests is not recommended, given that the results do not alter clinical management. C1 Temple Univ, Sch Med, Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Sect Surg Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Pelton, JJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Sect Surg Oncol, PSSG, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78250 USA. NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 64 IS 5 BP 408 EP 414 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZL310 UT WOS:000073419800008 PM 9585773 ER PT J AU Fulthorpe, RR Rhodes, AN Tiedje, JM AF Fulthorpe, RR Rhodes, AN Tiedje, JM TI High levels of endemicity of 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading soil bacteria SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HALOGENATED AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; DEGRADING BACTERIA; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; GENOMES; BIODEGRADABILITY; ORGANIZATION AB Soils samples were obtained from pristine ecosystems in six regions on five continents. Two of the regions were boreal forests, and the other four were Mediterranean ecosystems. Twenty-four soil samples from each of four or five sites in each of the regions were enriched by using 3-chlorobenzoate (3CBA), and 3CBA mineralizers were isolated from most samples. These isolates were analyzed for the ability to mineralize 3CBA, and genotypes were determined with repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR genomic fingerprints and restriction digests of the 168 rRNA genes (amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis [ARDRA]). We found that our collection of 150 stable 3CBA-mineralizing isolates included 48 genotypes and 44 ARDRA types, which formed seven distinct clusters. The majority (91%) of the genotypes were unique to the sites from which they were isolated, and each genotype was found only in the region from which it was isolated. A total of 43 of the 44 ARDRA. types were found in only one region. A few genotypes were repeatedly found in one region but not in any other continental region, suggesting that they are regionally endemic. A correlation between bacterial genotype and vegetative community was found for the South African samples. These results suggest that the ability to mineralize 3CBA is distributed among very diverse genotypes and that the genotypes are not globally dispersed. C1 Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Fulthorpe, RR (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Div Phys Sci, 1265 Mil Trail, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. NR 36 TC 77 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 64 IS 5 BP 1620 EP 1627 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ZL278 UT WOS:000073416600006 PM 9572926 ER PT J AU Burton, JE Michalek, JE Rahe, AJ AF Burton, JE Michalek, JE Rahe, AJ TI Serum dioxin, chloracne, and acne in veterans of operation ranch hand SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TOPICAL APPLICATION; CHEMICAL WORKERS; TCDD EXPOSURE; MURINE SKIN; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN; SEVESO; HEALTH; TOXICITY; INDEXES; VIETNAM AB The possible relationship between exposure to Agent Orange and its contaminant, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin), during the Vietnam War and chloracne was investigated. The index subjects were veterans of Operation Ranch Hand, the unit responsible for aerial herbicide spraying in Vietnam from 1962 to 1971. Other Air Force veterans who served in Southeast Asia during the same period, but who were not involved with spraying herbicides, served as comparisons. None of the Ranch Hand veterans were diagnosed with chloracne; therefore, we restricted our analyses to acne. We found no meaningful or consistent association between dioxin exposure and prevalence of acne without or with regard to anatomical location. These results suggested that exposure of Ranch Hand veterans to dioxin was insufficient for the production of chloracne or perhaps the exposure may have caused chloracne that resolved and was currently undetectable. C1 Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Vista Technol Inc, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Michalek, JE (reprint author), 2606 Doolittle Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 53 IS 3 BP 199 EP 204 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 109UR UT WOS:000075342700004 PM 9814716 ER PT J AU Albery, WB Chelette, TL AF Albery, WB Chelette, TL TI Effect of G suit type on cognitive performance SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Sustained acceleration protection ensembles are being developed to help pilots of high performance aircraft endure high G exposures for longer periods of time. It has been assumed that better G endurance confers better pilot task performance. This premise was studied on the Armstrong Laboratory Dynamic Environment Simulator centrifuge. Method: Human subjects repeatedly endured prolonged high-C simulated aerial combat on a centrifuge to the point of loss of vision or physical exhaustion. Some profiles included over 20 exposures to +9 Gz. While enduring the G exposures, subjects tracked a simulated "bogey" aircraft on a visual display and performed a secondary task. Measures of cognitive function and physiologic status were taken throughout the exposures. G protection ensembles included the standard CSU 13 B/P anti-G suit, the Advanced Technology Anti-G Suit (ATAGS), COMBAT EDGE positive pressure breathing system with the CSU 13 B/P, COMBAT EDGE with ATAGS, and the Northrop Advanced Protection System (APS). Results: More advanced protective systems not only allow longer G endurance, but provide adequate support for maintained cognitive performance throughout the extended exposure. Although measures were affected by the type of protective system the subject was wearing, as well as individual ability and coping strategies, consistent target tracking task performance, rapid choice reaction time, and sufficient arterial oxygen saturation were maintained throughout extended exposures to a point preceding termination by only a second or two. Conclusions: Those anti-G protection ensembles that cover and protect the body and which employ positive pressure breathing allow longer high G exposures which provide support for maintained cognitive performance. C1 Armstrong Lab, Combined Stress Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Albery, WB (reprint author), AFRL HESA, Bldg 441,2610 7th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 69 IS 5 BP 474 EP 479 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZK121 UT WOS:000073287400006 PM 9591617 ER PT J AU Fabian, BG AF Fabian, BG TI Case report: Inflight decompression sickness affecting the temporomandibular joint SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FEET AB A 26-yr-old AC-130 gunner developed unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMI) pain while flying a combat support mission. A diagnosis of decompression sickness (DCS) was made based on his symptoms and risk factors that included prolonged exposure to high altitude (60 to 90 min at 18,000 ft), cold temperature (-11 degrees C), and increased inflight activity. His symptoms resolved with 100% oxygen and he was returned to flying status after 72 h. Altitude related DCS is an unusual occurrence and this is the first reported case of inflight DCS affecting the temporomandibular joint. C1 USAF, MC, FS, Med Grp 81,SGPF, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. RP Fabian, BG (reprint author), USAF, MC, FS, Med Grp 81,SGPF, 301 Fisher St,Suite 107, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 69 IS 5 BP 517 EP 518 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZK121 UT WOS:000073287400014 PM 9591625 ER PT J AU Tong, A Balldin, UI Dooley, JW Hill, RC AF Tong, A Balldin, UI Dooley, JW Hill, RC TI Tactical vs. other simulated aerial combat maneuvers SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: There is a need for a more operationally relevant +Gz profile for centrifuge-based research and evaluation. This article describes a simulated aerial combat maneuver (SACM) named the Tactical Aerial Combat Maneuver (TACM). Hypothesis: A more representative centrifuge-based SACM can be devised for high-C acceleration research and evaluation. Methods: TACM consists of 9G x 5 s, 5G x 1 s, 8G x 5 s, and 4G x 2 s. TACM was compared against the widely accepted 4.5-7G and 5-9G SACMs. There were 15 centrifuge subjects used in this study. Results: TACM accounted for all four incidents of G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC); and most incidents of blackouts (5 of 8) observed. Conclusion: TACM simulates the seesaw pattern of +Gz forces of aerial combat and retains the reproducibility needed For acceleration research and evaluation. TACM captures the high onset, high amplitude +Gz changes of aerial combat when G-LOC and blackouts are more likely to occur. TACM should be particularly useful for evaluation of G-protective equipment and maneuvers, as well as fighter aircrew medical evaluations. C1 Armstrong Lab, Crew Technol Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Natl Def Res Estab, Linkoping, Sweden. RP Balldin, UI (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, HEPM, 2504 Gillingham Dr,Suite 25, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 69 IS 5 BP 525 EP 527 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZK121 UT WOS:000073287400016 PM 9591627 ER PT J AU Butler, L AF Butler, L TI A voice of REASON SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Joint Strateg Target Planning Staff, Washington, DC 20330 USA. USAF, Strateg Air Command, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDUC FOUNDATION NUCLEAR SCI PI CHICAGO PA 6042 SOUTH KIMBARK, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0096-3402 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 54 IS 3 BP 58 EP 61 PG 4 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA ZJ733 UT WOS:000073247500021 ER PT J AU Su, WJ Cooper, TM Brant, MC AF Su, WJ Cooper, TM Brant, MC TI Investigation of reverse-saturable absorption in brominated porphyrins SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BETA-PYRROLE POSITIONS; HALOGENATED PORPHYRINS C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLPJ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Cooper, TM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, MLPJ, Suite 1,3005 P St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 20 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1212 EP 1213 DI 10.1021/cm9800332 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA ZP381 UT WOS:000073746600004 ER PT J AU Baker, JT Dymale, R Carreras, RA Restaino, S AF Baker, JT Dymale, R Carreras, RA Restaino, S TI Design and implementation of a low-cost starlight optical tracker system with 500 Hz active tip/tilt control SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE tracker; sensor; controls; optical; stabilization AB A cost-effective optical tilt corrector system has been developed to meet an experimental requirement [1]. The entire system can be assembled from scratch in only 1-2 weeks and delivers the following performance specifications: 500 Hz useable closed-loop bandwidth; 1.7 mrad/V sensitivity; > +/- 10 mrad range; 25.4 mm dia. mirror with quarter-wave optical quality. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rockwell Power Syst Co, PL LIM Imaging Technol Branch, Kirtland, NM 87717 USA. USAF, Phillips Lab, PL LIM Imaging Technol Branch, Kirtland, NM 87717 USA. RP Baker, JT (reprint author), Rockwell Power Syst Co, PL LIM Imaging Technol Branch, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland, NM 87717 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7906 J9 COMPUT ELECTR ENG JI Comput. Electr. Eng. PD MAY-JUL PY 1998 VL 24 IS 3-4 BP 123 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0045-7906(97)00023-2 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA ZX581 UT WOS:000074532600001 ER PT J AU Storrow, AB Hoxie, N AF Storrow, AB Hoxie, N TI Modification of subdural catheters for long-term intracranial pressure monitoring of conscious rabbits SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEVICE; RATS AB Intracranial pressure monitoring of conscious rabbits poses major technical problems. Although surgical implantation of epidural, subdural, or parenchymal catheters is usually straightforward, the maintenance of such systems after surgery can be difficult. A simple and effective method of subdural intracranial pressure monitoring that used a modified catheter is described. This approach was used successfully in 12 conscious rabbits for which investigators required intermittent intracranial pressure monitoring during a 4 to 10-day period. An intracranial pressure transducer tvas modified by use of a protective sheath and fiberglass splinting material prior to implantation. After implantation, a modified jacket was used on rabbits to provide additional catheter protection. After surgery, rabbits remained conscious and were allowed to resume normal activity throughout the duration of the investigations, with the exception of infrequent need for light restraint. Our experience with the use of catheters before these modifications were introduced revealed an unacceptably high rate of fractured catheters, catheter migration, and problems associated with handling of rabbits by investigators. The modified system reduced these technical difficulties and allowed for successful completion of several investigations. Minor problems included increased tissue reactivity and slightly prolonged surgery time. Investigators interested in monitoring intracranial pressure of conscious rabbits for a period of several days may benefit from use of this technique. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Invest Directorate, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Storrow, AB (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 37 IS 3 BP 62 EP 65 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 109YX UT WOS:000075352900007 PM 12456164 ER PT J AU Baroth, E Wells, G Merrell, J AF Baroth, E Wells, G Merrell, J TI An evaluation of multiplexed analog digitizer boards - Part 2 SO EE-EVALUATION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Measurement Technol Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA USA. RP Baroth, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Measurement Technol Ctr, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NELSON PUBLISHING PI NOKOMIS PA 2504 NORTH TAMIAMI TRAIL, NOKOMIS, FL 34275-3482 USA SN 0149-0370 J9 EE-EVAL ENG JI EE-Eval. Eng. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 37 IS 5 BP 52 EP + PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ZL826 UT WOS:000073476000010 ER PT J AU John, R Rigling, B AF John, R Rigling, B TI Effect of height to width ratio on K and CMOD solutions for a single edge cracked geometry with clamped ends SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-INTENSITY FACTOR AB Series expressions for the stress intensity factor (K) and crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) were developed for a single edge cracked geometry with clamped ends using finite element analysis. The solutions are valid for crack length to width ratio (a/W) in the range 0 less than or equal to a/W less than or equal to 0.9 and height to width ratio (H/W) in the range 2 less than or equal to H/W less than or equal to 10. Experiments conducted using MSE(T) specimens with H/W = 3, 6 and 9 and compact tension specimens verified the applicability of the proposed solutions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Res Lab AFRL MLLN, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP John, R (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 60 IS 2 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00009-5 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA ZX572 UT WOS:000074531600002 ER PT J AU Lenets, YN Nicholas, T AF Lenets, YN Nicholas, T TI Load history dependence of fatigue crack growth thresholds for a Ti-alloy SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE fatigue crack growth threshold; test method; crack tip shielding; residual stress; IMI 834 Ti-alloy AB Fatigue crack growth thresholds for Ti-alloy IMI 834 were determined at K-max values equal to 6, 10 and 25 MPa root m, using two different load patterns, both including an abrupt change in Delta K. Increasing Delta K applied to the initially dormant crack resulted in higher fatigue crack growth thresholds as compared to the situation when an initially growing crack was arrested by decreasing Delta K values. The discrepancy can be attributed to the crack tip shielding associated with residual stresses in front of the crack rather than with fracture surface contact behind the crack tip. Practical merits of the two experimental techniques are discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USAF, Res Lab AFRL MLLN, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Systran Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Nicholas, T (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab AFRL MLLN, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 60 IS 2 BP 187 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00010-1 PG 17 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA ZX572 UT WOS:000074531600005 ER PT J AU Michalek, JE AF Michalek, JE TI Dioxin and diabetes mellitus - Reply SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Michalek, JE (reprint author), USAF, 2606 Doolittle Rd,Bldg 807, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAY PY 1998 VL 9 IS 3 BP 359 EP 360 DI 10.1097/00001648-199805000-00028 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZJ384 UT WOS:000073209400027 ER EF