FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU McDaniel, SA Berry, PA Cook, G Zelmon, D Meissner, S Meissner, H Mu, XD AF McDaniel, Sean A. Berry, Patrick A. Cook, Gary Zelmon, David Meissner, Stephanie Meissner, Helmuth Mu, Xaiodong TI CW and passively Q-Switched operation of a Ho:YAG waveguide laser SO OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solid-state lasers; Infrared lasers; Channeled waveguides; Ho:YAG ID SILICA-FIBER LASER; YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM-GARNET; EARTH-DOPED YAG; HIGH-POWER; HO-YAG; MU-M; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; BEAM QUALITY; ND-YAG; HOLMIUM AB We report the first demonstration of a Ho: YAG crystal fiber waveguide (CFW) laser operating at 2.09 mu m. The CFW structure was produced by adhesive free bonding of holmium doped yttrium aluminum garnet core to an undoped yttrium aluminum garnet cladding. The laser produced CW output powers greater than 500 mW with slope efficiency of 17%. The same crystal when passively Q-switched with Cr: ZnSe, produced pulsed output with energies of 1 mu J at a repetition frequency of 442 kHz. C1 [McDaniel, Sean A.; Berry, Patrick A.; Cook, Gary; Zelmon, David] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [McDaniel, Sean A.] Leidos Inc, 3745 Pentagon Blvd, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Meissner, Stephanie; Meissner, Helmuth; Mu, Xaiodong] Onyx Opt Inc, 6551 Sierra Lane, Dublin, CA 94568 USA. RP McDaniel, SA (reprint author), Leidos Inc, 3745 Pentagon Blvd, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. EM sean.a.mcdaniel@leidos.com NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0030-3992 EI 1879-2545 J9 OPT LASER TECHNOL JI Opt. Laser Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2017 VL 91 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.12.004 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA EJ5ID UT WOS:000393250100001 ER PT J AU Huang, JJ Li, LG Wang, XJ Qi, ZM Sebastian, MAP Haugan, TJ Wang, HY AF Huang, Jijie Li, Leigang Wang, Xuejing Qi, Zhimin Sebastian, Mary Ann P. Haugan, Timothy J. Wang, Haiyan TI Enhanced Flux Pinning Properties of YBCO Thin Films With Various Pinning Landscapes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Flux pinning; multilayer; vertically aligned nanocomposite; magnetic pinning ID CURRENT DENSITIES; NANOCOMPOSITES; MULTILAYERS AB Pinning enhancement for YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) thin films is critical for their future applications such as superconducting cables, generators, and motors. In this study, several pinning landscapes are introduced and compared for improving the superconducting properties of YBCO thin films. First, BaZrO3 (BZO) nanoparticles have been doped into YBCO matrix providing uniform defect pinning centers and resulting in the superconducting property enhancement. Second, a magnetic nanocomposite of (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO))(x)(CeO2)(1-x) (with compositions of LSMO and CeO2 varied from 50:50 to 70:30) has been incorporated into YBCO as either a cap layer or a buffer layer. Using this approach, both magnetic pinning and defects pinning are introduced in the systems. Third, multilayers of (LSMO)(0.5)(CeO2)(0.5)/YBCO have been deposited to achieve uniform defect and magnetic pinning effects through the film thickness. The superconducting properties (critical temperature T-c, and especially the critical current density J(c)) are compared for all the YBCO films with different pinning landscapes, and the corresponding pinning mechanisms are also discussed for each case. It is found that the pinning effect of YBCO film with magnetic nanocomposite layer is more significant under lower applied field, compared to the BZO-YBCO film. Through this comparison study, optimum pinning landscapes with combined defects and magnetic pinning approaches are proposed. C1 [Huang, Jijie; Li, Leigang; Wang, Haiyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, Xuejing; Qi, Zhimin; Wang, Haiyan] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sebastian, Mary Ann P.; Haugan, Timothy J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, RQQM, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Huang, JJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hjijie@neo.tamu.edu; lilg0624@tamu.edu; wang3168@purdue.edu; qi68@purdue.edu; mary_ann.sebastian@us.af.mil; Timothy.Haugan@us.af.mil; hwang00@purdue.edu FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-16-1-2465]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-1643911] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-16-1-2465 and the TEM work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under DMR-1643911. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 36 U2 36 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2017 VL 27 IS 4 AR 8000305 DI 10.1109/TASC.2016.2637315 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA EH4KC UT WOS:000391739100001 ER PT J AU Chen, SH Sebastian, MA Gautam, B Wilt, J Haugan, T Xing, ZW Wu, J AF Chen, Shihong Sebastian, Mary Ann Gautam, Bibek Wilt, Jamie Haugan, Timothy Xing, Zhongwen Wu, Judy TI Enhancement of Isotropic Pinning Force in YBCO Films With BaZrO3 Nanorods and Y2O3 Nanoparticles SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE APCs; flux pinning; microstructure; J(c); superconducting film ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; HIGH-T-C; EPITAXIAL YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE; TARGET; WIRE AB Self-assembled artificial pinning centers (APCs) with controlled morphology are key to optimal pinning in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) thin films and coated conductors. Here, we investigate the transport critical current density J(c) (H, T, theta) of YBCO films with BaZrO3 nanorods (BZO-NRs) and 3 vol.% Y2O3 nanoparticles (Y2O3 - NPs) as the BZO-NRs concentration is systematically varied in the range of 2-6 vol.%. We show that the growth kinetics of APCs in these BZO-Y2O3 double-doped YBCO films differs significantly from YBCO films doped with BZO only. In particular, the presence of Y2O3 - NPs reduced the formation of the aligned BZO-NRs in the c-axis or normal of the film, enabling a high-concentration isotropic BZO-based APCs to form at high BZO doping. This resulted in a significantly enhanced pinning force density Fp (H) as well as isotropic pinning landscape. By fitting the Dew-Hughes equation of the pinning force density F-p (H) at different temperatures T = 50-80K and angles of H at theta = 0 (H//c-axis), 45 degrees, and 90 degrees (H//ab), we extract the scaling behaviors of the Fp (H) associated with the BZO-NRs and isotropic BZO and Y2O3 NPs. This result sheds light on approaches towards interactive control of strong and isotropic APCs in YBCO films and coated conductors. C1 [Chen, Shihong; Gautam, Bibek; Wilt, Jamie; Wu, Judy] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Chen, Shihong; Xing, Zhongwen] Nanjing Univ, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Sebastian, Mary Ann; Haugan, Timothy] US Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Chen, SH (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; Chen, SH (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM chenshihong567@aliyun.com; mary_ann.sebastian@us.af.mil; gautbibe@ku.edu; JamieWilt@ku.edu; Timothy.Haugan@us.af.mil; zwxing@nju.edu.cn; jwu@ku.edu FU NSF [NSF-DMR-1105986, NSF-DMR-133773, NSF-DMR-1508494]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported in part by NSF contracts NSF-DMR-1105986, NSF-DMR-133773, and NSF-DMR-1508494, and in part by the China Scholarship Council. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 34 U2 34 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2017 VL 27 IS 4 AR 8000205 DI 10.1109/TASC.2016.2628699 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA EG8AA UT WOS:000391276600001 ER PT J AU Fatheddin, P Gustafsson, J AF Fatheddin, Parisa Gustafsson, Jonathan TI Generation of a sequence of correlated phase screens SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Laser propagation; Random media; Phase screens ID FRACTIONAL BROWNIAN-MOTION; OPTICAL-WAVE PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SIMULATION AB A novel technique is given and implemented to generate correlated phase screens that are used in the study of laser propagation through turbulent atmosphere. The method can generate random fields with nonzero expected values and is applied to simulate equally and arbitrary spaced phase screens. In both cases, it proves to be very computationally efficient. C1 [Fatheddin, Parisa] Ctr Directed Energy, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Fatheddin, Parisa] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37380 USA. [Gustafsson, Jonathan] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Gustafsson, Jonathan] CNR, 500 Fifth St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Fatheddin, P (reprint author), Ctr Directed Energy, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. FU Office of Naval Research's (ONR) Atmospheric Propagation Sciences for High Energy Lasers (APSHELS) FX Supported partially by Office of Naval Research's (ONR) Atmospheric Propagation Sciences for High Energy Lasers (APSHELS). NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 EI 1873-0310 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 15 PY 2017 VL 391 BP 100 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2017.01.015 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA EK6YW UT WOS:000394073200016 ER PT J AU Dennis, ST Jones, KW AF Dennis, Scott T. Jones, Keith W. TI Flexural-torsional vibration of a tapered C-section beam SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article DE Beam; Taper; Vlasov; Thin-wall; C-section; Vibration ID THIN-WALLED-BEAMS; UNIFORM BEAMS; COUPLED VIBRATIONS; CROSS-SECTION; EQUATIONS AB Previous studies have shown that numerical models of tapered thin-walled C-section beams based on a stepped or piecewise prismatic beam approximation are inaccurate regardless of the number of elements assumed in the discretization. Andrade recently addressed this problem by extending Vlasov beam theory to a tapered geometry resulting in new terms that vanish for the uniform beam. (See One-Dimensional Models for the Spatial Behaviour of Tapered Thin-Walled Bars with Open Cross-Sections: Static, Dynamic and Buckling Analyses, PhD Thesis, University of Coimbra, Portugal, 2012, https://estu dogeral.sib.uc.pt) In this paper, we model the coupled bending-twisting vibration of a cantilevered tapered thin-walled C-section using a Galerkin approximation of Andrade's beam equations resulting in an 8-degree-of-freedom beam element. Experimental natural frequencies and mode shapes for 3 prismatic and 2 tapered channel beams are compared to model predictions. In addition, comparisons are made to detailed shell finite element models and exact solutions for the uniform beams to confirm the validity of the approach. Comparisons to the incorrect stepped model are also presented. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dennis, Scott T.; Jones, Keith W.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Engn Mech, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Dennis, ST (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Engn Mech, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM std1979@gmail.com NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD APR 14 PY 2017 VL 393 BP 401 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2017.01.017 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA EL2TW UT WOS:000394474100025 ER PT J AU Nayak, M Hemingway, D Garrick-Bethell, I AF Nayak, Michael Hemingway, Doug Garrick-Bethell, Ian TI Magnetization in the South Pole-Aitken basin: Implications for the lunar dynamo and true polar wander SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Moon; Magnetic fields; Impact processes ID SOLAR-WIND; SEAMOUNT MAGNETISM; MOON; ANOMALIES; PROSPECTOR; SURFACE; FIELDS; CRATERS; DRIVEN; MODEL AB A number of magnetic anomalies are present along the northern edge of the lunar South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin. A variety of hypotheses for their formation have been proposed, but an in-depth study of their properties has not been performed. Here we use two different methods to invert for their source body characteristics: one that completely searches a small parameter space of less than ten uniform strength dipoles per anomaly, and another that uses grids of hundreds of dipoles with variable magnetization strengths. Both methods assume uniform magnetization directions at each anomaly and with one exception, produce nearly the same results. We introduce new Monte Carlo methods to quantify errors in our inversions arising from Gaussian time-dependent changes in the external field and the uncertain geometry of the source bodies. We find the errors from uncertainty in source body geometry are almost always higher. We also find a diverse set of magnetization directions around SPA, which we combine with other physical arguments to conclude that the source bodies were likely magnetized in a dynamo field. Igneous intrusions are a reasonable explanation (Purucker et al., 2012) for the directional variability, since they could be intruded over different magnetic epochs. However, the directional variability also implies either surprisingly large amounts of true polar wander or a dynamo not aligned with the lunar spin axis. We also explore the possibility that true polar wander caused by the SPA impact could allow iron-rich SPA ejecta to record a diverse set of magnetic field directions. Some of this material may have also become "sesquinary" ejecta and re-impacted across the Moon on 10(4)-10(6) year timescales to capture such changes. No completely satisfactory answer emerges, except that the dipole-axis of the lunar dynamo may have been variable in direction. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Nayak, Michael; Hemingway, Doug; Garrick-Bethell, Ian] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Nayak, Michael] Red Sky Res LLC, 67 Northland Meadows Dr, Edgewood, NM 87105 USA. [Garrick-Bethell, Ian] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Nayak, Michael] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Planetary Syst Branch SST, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Nayak, Michael] AFRL, Maui High Performance Comp Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Hemingway, Doug] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Miller Inst Basic Res Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nayak, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM mnayak@ucsc.edu FU NASA Discovery [NNX16AJO7G]; BK21 plus program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Education of Korea; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship - Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Department of Defense [32 CFR 168a]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; UC Santa Cruz / NASA Ames University Affiliated Research Center, Aligned Research Program; Red Sky Research, LLC FX This research was supported by the NASA Discovery Data Analysis Program (grant NNX16AJO7G), and the BK21 plus program through the National Research Foundation (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea. MN acknowledges support from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a, funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Department of Defense. Partial support was also provided by (1) The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, (2) The UC Santa Cruz / NASA Ames University Affiliated Research Center, Aligned Research Program and (3) Red Sky Research, LLC. Thanks to Rob Coe and Gary Glatzmaier for helpful comments. Opinions, interpretations and recommendations expressed are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Air Force or the Department of Defense. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2017 VL 286 BP 153 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.09.038 PG 40 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EL1VI UT WOS:000394409100011 ER PT J AU Gillen, CP Veremyev, A Prokopyev, OA Pasiliao, EL AF Gillen, Colin P. Veremyev, Alexander Prokopyev, Oleg A. Pasiliao, Eduardo L. TI Robustness of solutions to critical node detection problems with imperfect data: a computational study SO OPTIMIZATION METHODS & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Network Analysis (NET) CY MAY 18-20, 2015 CL Nizhny Novgorod, RUSSIA SP Higher Sch Econ, Lab Algorithms & Technologies Networks Anal DE critical node detection; distance-based metrics; graph efficiency; network interdiction; mixed integer programming; robustness; sensitivity ID BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; CENTRALITY MEASURES; GRAPHS; INTERDICTION; ALGORITHMS; ATTACK; ERROR AB A class of critical node detection problems based upon the metric of communication efficiency is considered. While both exact integer programming and heuristic centrality-based methods exist for the solution of these problems, previous work has been mostly focused on the case where perfect information about the network is available. In this paper we suppose that some level of misinformation about nodes or edges has been inflicted on the observer's perception of the network, that is, there are hidden elements or fake additional elements. An extensive computational study is conducted to ascertain whether the exact integer-programming-based solutions perform better under imperfect information than heuristic methods. For large networks, exact methods cannot produce a solution in a reasonable amount of time, hence an approximation of the exact method is also considered for such instances. The obtained approximate solutions are again compared to centrality-based heuristics under the presence of imperfect data. C1 [Gillen, Colin P.; Prokopyev, Oleg A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ind Engn, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Veremyev, Alexander] Univ Florida, Ind & Syst Engn, 303 Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pasiliao, Eduardo L.] US Air Force, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Bldg 13, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Prokopyev, OA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ind Engn, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM droleg@pitt.edu FU DTRA [HDTRA1-14-1-0065]; AFOSR [FA2386-12-1-3032]; US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute; AFRL/RW [FA8651-14-2-0002] FX The first and third authors were supported by the DTRA grant HDTRA1-14-1-0065 and AFOSR grant FA2386-12-1-3032. This research is also partially supported by the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute and sponsored by AFRL/RW under agreement number FA8651-14-2-0002. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1055-6788 EI 1029-4937 J9 OPTIM METHOD SOFTW JI Optim. Method Softw. PD APR PY 2017 VL 32 IS 2 BP 250 EP 273 DI 10.1080/10556788.2016.1214958 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA EK6QH UT WOS:000394048700004 ER PT J AU Stozhkov, V Pastukhov, G Boginski, V Pasiliao, EL AF Stozhkov, Vladimir Pastukhov, Grigory Boginski, Vladimir Pasiliao, Eduardo L. TI New analytical lower bounds on the clique number of a graph SO OPTIMIZATION METHODS & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Network Analysis (NET) CY MAY 18-20, 2015 CL Nizhny Novgorod, RUSSIA SP Higher Sch Econ, Lab Algorithms & Technologies Networks Anal DE clique number; Motzkin-Straus formulation; spectral graph theory; assortativity coefficient; Erdos-Renyi model; power-law graphs ID INDEPENDENCE NUMBER; NETWORKS; TERMS; ORDER AB This paper proposes three new analytical lower bounds on the clique number of a graph and compares these bounds with those previously established in the literature. Two proposed bounds are derived from the well-known Motzkin-Straus quadratic programming formulation for the maximum clique problem. Theoretical results on the comparison of various bounds are established. Computational experiments are performed on random graph models such as the Erdos-Renyi model for uniform graphs and the generalized random graph model for power-law graphs that simulate graphs with different densities and assortativity coefficients. Computational results suggest that the proposed new analytical bounds improve the existing ones on many graph instances. C1 [Stozhkov, Vladimir; Boginski, Vladimir] Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, 303 Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pastukhov, Grigory] CSX Transportat, 500 Water St, Jacksonville, FL 32202 USA. [Boginski, Vladimir] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, 12800 Pegasus Dr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Pasiliao, Eduardo L.] US Air Force, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Bldg 13, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Boginski, V (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, 303 Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Boginski, V (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, 12800 Pegasus Dr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM vladimir.boginski@ucf.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0103]; AFRL Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute FX V. Boginski's research was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant number FA9550-12-1-0103. This material is based upon work supported by AFRL Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1055-6788 EI 1029-4937 J9 OPTIM METHOD SOFTW JI Optim. Method Softw. PD APR PY 2017 VL 32 IS 2 BP 336 EP 368 DI 10.1080/10556788.2016.1172578 PG 33 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA EK6QH UT WOS:000394048700008 ER PT J AU Veremyev, A Prokopyev, OA Pasiliao, EL AF Veremyev, Alexander Prokopyev, Oleg A. Pasiliao, Eduardo L. TI Finding groups with maximum betweenness centrality SO OPTIMIZATION METHODS & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Network Analysis (NET) CY MAY 18-20, 2015 CL Nizhny Novgorod, RUSSIA SP Higher Sch Econ, Lab Algorithms & Technologies Networks Anal DE betweenness centrality; bounded-distance betweenness centrality; group betweenness centrality; most central groups; mixed integer programming ID COMPLEX NETWORKS; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; ALGORITHM; CONNECTIVITY; DISTANCE AB In this paper we consider the problem of identifying the most influential (or central)group of nodes (of some predefined size) in a network. Such a group has the largest value of betweenness centrality or one of its variants, for example, the length-scaled or the bounded-distance betweenness centralities. We demonstrate that this problem can be modelled as a mixed integer program (MIP) that can be solved for reasonably sized network instances using off-the-shelf MIP solvers. We also discuss interesting relations between the group betweenness and the bounded-distance betweenness centrality concepts. In particular, we exploit these relations in an algorithmic scheme to identify approximate solutions for the original problem of identifying the most central group of nodes. Furthermore, we generalize our approach for identification of not only the most central groups of nodes, but also central groups of graph elements that consists of either nodes or edges exclusively, or their combination according to some pre-specified criteria. If necessary, additional cohesiveness properties can also be enforced, for example, the targeted group should form a clique or a -club. Finally, we conduct extensive computational experiments with different types of real-life and synthetic network instances to show the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed framework. Even more importantly, our experiments reveal some interesting insights into the properties of influential groups of graph elements modelled using the maximum betweenness centrality concept or one of its variations. C1 [Veremyev, Alexander] Univ Florida, Ind & Syst Engn, 303 Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Prokopyev, Oleg A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ind Engn, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Pasiliao, Eduardo L.] US Air Force, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Bldg 13, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Prokopyev, OA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ind Engn, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM droleg@pitt.edu FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute; AFRL/RW [FA8651-14-2-0002]; U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship program; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA1-14-1-0065] FX This material is based upon research supported by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Mathematical Modeling and Optimization Institute and sponsored by AFRL/RW under agreement number FA8651-14-2-0002. The second author was also supported by the U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship program and the grant from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) HDTRA1-14-1-0065. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of AFRL/RW or the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1055-6788 EI 1029-4937 J9 OPTIM METHOD SOFTW JI Optim. Method Softw. PD APR PY 2017 VL 32 IS 2 BP 369 EP 399 DI 10.1080/10556788.2016.1167892 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA EK6QH UT WOS:000394048700009 ER PT J AU Dyakonov, GS Mironov, S Semenova, IP Vallev, RZ Semiatin, SL AF Dyakonov, G. S. Mironov, S. Semenova, I. P. Vallev, R. Z. Semiatin, S. L. TI The microstructure-strength relationship in severely-deformed commercial-purity titanium SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Metals and alloys; Nanocrystalline materials; Equal channel angular pressing; Electron back-scatter diffraction; Microstructure-strength relationship ID ECAP-CONFORM AB Electron backscatter diffraction was applied to examine the microstructure developed in commercial purity titanium subjected to equal channel angular pressing at 200 degrees C to a true strain of 8.4. The microstructure was characterized by a mean grain size of 0.4 mu m and fraction of high-angle boundaries of 55%. However, it also contained a significant fraction of relatively coarse (>1 mu m) remnants of original grains. A microstructure-properties analysis indicated that strengthening effect of ECAP was essentially contributed by substructure. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dyakonov, G. S.; Semenova, I. P.; Vallev, R. Z.] Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, 12 K Marx St, Ufa 450000, Russia. [Dyakonov, G. S.; Vallev, R. Z.] St Petersburg State Univ, Lab Mech Bulk Nanostruct Mat, 26 Univ Sky Prospect, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Mironov, S.] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Proc, 6-6-02 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. [Semiatin, S. L.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Mironov, S (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Proc, 6-6-02 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. EM smironov@material.tohoku.ac.jp RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 FU RFBR [16-02-00094, 6.37.204.2016]; Russian Federal Ministry for Education and Science [14.B25.31.0017]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the scope of the basic part of the State Assignment FX This work was funded by RFBR within the framework of Project No. 16-02-00094, as well as through Grant No. 6.37.204.2016 (to RZV) and in part through Grant No. 14.B25.31.0017 (for RZV) from the Russian Federal Ministry for Education and Science. I.P. Semenova acknowledges the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the scope of the basic part of the State Assignment. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X EI 1873-4979 J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2017 VL 192 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.12.032 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EK6VQ UT WOS:000394064500042 ER PT J AU Varshney, V Lee, J Li, DY Brown, JS Farmer, BL Voevodin, AA Roy, AK AF Varshney, Vikas Lee, Jonghoon Li, Deyu Brown, Joshua S. Farmer, Barry L. Voevodin, Andrey A. Roy, Ajit K. TI Understanding thermal conductance across multi-wall carbon nanotube contacts: Role of nanotube curvature SO CARBON LA English DT Article DE Molecular dynamics; MWCNTs; Thermal transport; Interface thermal conductance; Phonon focusing ID BOUNDARY RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HEAT-TRANSFER; NANOCOMPOSITES; CONDUCTIVITY; COMPOSITES; TRANSPORT; DEVICES; FILMS; FIELD AB Thermal energy transfer at the interconnects in carbon based nanoelectronic devices plays a crucial role towards their performance as well as their reliability. In this study, we investigate such thermal energy transfer across physically interacting multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a function of their diameter, length, number of walls, inter-layer chirality differences, and different angular orientation of the cross-contact. Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations for phonon energy transfer, we predict that MWCNTs' curvature and their number of walls emerge as two critical factors, with each of them determining the limiting value of the thermal conductance across MWCNT contacts in different diameter regimes. For thinner MWCNTs, the curvature determines the limiting value of the conductance and leads to an interesting non-monotonic character, while the number of walls dominates the contact conductance for large diameter MWCNTs. We discuss their respective origins and distinguish their governing regimes using several arguments focusing of phonons, and confinement of the phonon focusing cone, large mean free path of graphite and how they modulate radial thermal transport, leading to observed trends of thermal conductance across MWCNT contacts. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Varshney, Vikas; Lee, Jonghoon; Farmer, Barry L.; Voevodin, Andrey A.; Roy, Ajit K.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Varshney, Vikas; Lee, Jonghoon] Universal Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Li, Deyu] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Brown, Joshua S.] Louisiana Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Brown, Joshua S.] Univ Colorado, Elect Energy & Comp Engn Dept, 1111 Engn Dr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Voevodin, Andrey A.] Univ North Texas, Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Varshney, V; Roy, AK (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM vikas.varshney.1.ctr@us.af.mil; ajit.roy@us.af.mil RI Li, Deyu/D-2938-2012 OI Li, Deyu/0000-0001-8364-0924 FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [15RXCOR140, 14RW02COR] FX The authors acknowledge US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for the financial support (Lab Tasks 15RXCOR140 (PM: Dr. Joycelyn Harrison) and 14RW02COR (PM: Byung-Lip (Les) Lee)) and Department of Defense Supercomputing Research Center (DSRC) for computational resources to carry out the simulations. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2017 VL 114 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.056 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA EJ5HY UT WOS:000393249600003 ER PT J AU Idesman, A Bhuiyan, A Foley, JR AF Idesman, A. Bhuiyan, A. Foley, J. R. TI Accurate finite element simulation of stresses for stationary dynamic cracks under impact loading SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Cracks; Elastic waves; Finite elements; Numerical dispersion; Dynamic stress intensity factor ID LINEAR ELASTODYNAMICS PROBLEMS; FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS; TIME-INTEGRATION METHODS; ELASTIC-WAVE-EQUATIONS; ORDER MASS MATRICES; DISPERSION ANALYSIS; INTENSITY FACTORS; VIBRATION ANALYSIS; PROPAGATION; ERROR AB The numerical technique for wave propagation problems recently developed in our papers has been applied to the accurate modeling of stresses in the vicinity of crack tips and the dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) for stationary cracks. The numerical technique includes the linear finite elements with reduced dispersion as well as the two-stage time-integration approach that quantifies and filters spurious high-frequency oscillations. Several benchmark problems for stationary cracks at impact loadings have been solved. The accuracy of the stress calculation in the vicinity of the crack tips and the DSIF can be significantly increased by the application of the finite elements with reduced dispersion. Surprisingly, even without a special treatment of singularities at crack tips, the linear finite elements with reduced dispersion (with no crack tip enrichment functions) yield much more accurate results than the XFEM with the special crack tip enrichment functions on comparable meshes. It is also interesting to mention that for the calculation of the DSIF by the finite elements with reduced dispersion there is no necessity in the filtering stage at impact loading (the spurious oscillations in the DSIF are small and decrease with mesh refinement). C1 [Idesman, A.; Bhuiyan, A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Foley, J. R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Idesman, A (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM alexander.idesman@ttu.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-16-1-0177]; Texas Tech University FX The research has been supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (contract FA9550-16-1-0177) and by Texas Tech University. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X EI 1872-6925 J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD APR PY 2017 VL 126 BP 26 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.finel.2016.12.004 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA EJ1WL UT WOS:000393000900003 ER PT J AU Ehrhardt, DA Allen, MS Beberniss, TJ Neild, SA AF Ehrhardt, David A. Allen, Matthew S. Beberniss, Timothy J. Neild, Simon A. TI Finite element model calibration of a nonlinear perforated plate SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear normal modes; Model calibration; Geometric nonlinearity ID RESPONSE PREDICTION; PART I; SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a case study in which the finite element model for a curved circular plate -is calibrated to reproduce both the linear and nonlinear dynamic response measured from two nominally identical samples. The linear dynamic response is described with the linear natural frequencies and mode shapes identified with a roving hammer test. Due to the uncertainty in the stiffness characteristics from the manufactured perforations, the linear natural frequencies are used to update the effective modulus of elasticity of the full order finite element model (FEM). The nonlinear dynamic response is described with nonlinear normal modes (NNMs) measured using force appropriation and high speed 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC). The measured NNMs are used to update the boundary conditions of the full order FEM through comparison with NNMs calculated from a nonlinear reduced order model (NLROM). This comparison revealed that the nonlinear behavior could not be captured without accounting for the small curvature of the plate from manufacturing as confirmed in literature. So, 3D-DIC was also used to identify the initial static curvature of each plate and the resulting curvature was included in the full order FEM. The updated models are then used to understand how the stress distribution changes at large response amplitudes providing a possible explanation of failures observed during testing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ehrhardt, David A.; Neild, Simon A.] Univ Bristol, Mech Engn, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. [Allen, Matthew S.] Univ Wisconsin, Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Beberniss, Timothy J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Ehrhardt, DA (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Mech Engn, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. EM david.ehrhardt@bristol.ac.uk FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; University of Wisconsin - Madison Graduate School; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Structural Sciences Center in the Air Force Research Laboratory's summer internship program FX Support for this research was provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the University of Wisconsin - Madison Graduate School with funding from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation and through the Structural Sciences Center in the Air Force Research Laboratory's summer internship program. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD MAR 31 PY 2017 VL 392 BP 280 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2016.12.037 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA EJ5OF UT WOS:000393266900020 ER PT J AU Mazuchowski, EL Franco, DM Berran, PJ Harcke, HT AF Mazuchowski, Edward L. Franco, Dori M. Berran, Philip J. Harcke, H. Theodore TI The Virtual Hydrostatic Test SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE forensic pathology; forensic science; hydrostatic test; neonaticide; postmortem computed tomography; virtual autopsy ID LIVE BIRTH; AUTOPSY; INFANTS; LUNGS AB The hydrostatic test is used to help determine if there has been a live birth. Computed tomography (CT), with its ability to detect and localize air/gas in the body, offers a rapid, noninvasive tool for assessment. Four baby deaths (20 to 25 weeks' gestation) in which the hydrostatic test, radiographs, and CT were performed before autopsy are presented. In 2 cases, considered stillbirths, the lungs and liver sank, and there was no air seen in the lungs or gas in the liver on CT. Histology of the lungs showed collapsed alveoli. In 1 case, concluded to be a live birth, the lungs floated, the liver sank, and air was seen in the trachea, bronchi, and both lungs on CT. Histology of the lungs showed multiple areas of expanded alveoli. In 1 case, where both the lungs and liver floated, the CT showed gas widely distributed in the soft tissues. This reflected decomposition, and no conclusion could be made regarding birth status. Assessment of live birth is a critical and difficult decision. Postmortem CT offers another technique to consider in this determination, and it has significant advantages over radiography. Continued study and correlation with existing methods seem warranted. C1 [Mazuchowski, Edward L.; Franco, Dori M.; Berran, Philip J.; Harcke, H. Theodore] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. RP Harcke, HT (reprint author), Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. EM howard.harcke@gmail.com NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0195-7910 EI 1533-404X J9 AM J FOREN MED PATH JI Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 38 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 DI 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000287 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal; Pathology SC Legal Medicine; Pathology GA EL1WK UT WOS:000394411900008 PM 28005583 ER PT J AU Gortat, D Murray, PT Fairchild, SB Sparkes, M Back, TC Gruen, GJ Cahay, MM Lockwood, NP O'Neill, W AF Gortat, D. Murray, P. T. Fairchild, S. B. Sparkes, M. Back, T. C. Gruen, G. J. Cahay, M. M. Lockwood, N. P. O'Neill, W. TI Laser surface melting of stainless steel anodes for reduced hydrogen outgassing SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Grain boundaries; Laser processing; Metals and alloys; Vacuum electronics; Hydrogen; outgassing ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES AB Anodes of 304 stainless steel have been processed by a continuous wave Yb fiber laser with a wavelength of 1.064 mu m and subjected to 50 keV electron bombardment in order to determine the extent to which hydrogen outgassing is reduced by the laser surface melting treatment. The results show a reduction in outgassing, by approximately a factor of four compared to that from untreated stainless steel. This is attributed to a reduction in the number of grain boundaries which serve as trapping sites for hydrogen in stainless steel. Such laser treated anodes do not require post-processing to preserve the benefits of the treatment and are excellent candidates for use in high power source devices. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gortat, D.; Sparkes, M.; O'Neill, W.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Mfg, 17 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, England. [Murray, P. T.; Back, T. C.; Gruen, G. J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Fairchild, S. B.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Cahay, M. M.] Univ Cincinnati, Spintron & Vacuum Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lockwood, N. P.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Gortat, D (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Mfg, 17 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, England. EM dg458@cam.ac.uk FU US Air Force at the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RXAP) [FA8650-11-D-5401] FX Work supported by US Air Force contract FA8650-11-D-5401 at the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RXAP). The authors thank Lt Col Victor Putz of AFOSR/EOARD and Jason Marshall at AFOSR.D.G and M.S. wish to thank the EPSRC (EP/K503241/1). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X EI 1873-4979 J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2017 VL 190 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.12.101 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EL1RY UT WOS:000394399900002 ER PT J AU Zhang, P Valfells, A Ang, LK Luginsland, JW Lau, YY AF Zhang, Peng Valfells, Agust Ang, L. K. Luginsland, J. W. Lau, Y. Y. TI 100 years of the physics of diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID CHILD-LANGMUIR LAW; CHARGE-LIMITED CURRENT; TRANSITION VOLTAGE SPECTROSCOPY; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAMS; FIELD-EMISSION CATHODES; POWER MICROWAVE GENERATION; CARBON-FIBER CATHODES; THIN INSULATING FILM; SPACE-CHARGE; THERMIONIC EMISSION AB The Child-Langmuir Law (CL), discovered a century ago, gives the maximum current that can be transported across a planar diode in the steady state. As a quintessential example of the impact of space charge shielding near a charged surface, it is central to the studies of high current diodes, such as high power microwave sources, vacuum microelectronics, electron and ion sources, and high current drivers used in high energy density physics experiments. CL remains a touchstone of fundamental sheath physics, including contemporary studies of nanoscale quantum diodes and nano gap based plasmonic devices. Its solid state analog is the Mott-Gurney law, governing the maximum charge injection in solids, such as organic materials and other dielectrics, which is important to energy devices, such as solar cells and light emitting diodes. This paper reviews the important advances in the physics of diodes since the discovery of CL, including virtual cathode formation and extension of CL to multiple dimensions, to the quantum regime, and to ultrafast processes. We review the influence of magnetic fields, multiple species in bipolar flow, electromagnetic and time dependent effects in both short pulse and high frequency THz limits, and single electron regimes. Transitions from various emission mechanisms (thermionic-, field-, and photoemission) to the space charge limited state (CL) will be addressed, especially highlighting the important simulation and experimental developments in selected contemporary areas of study. We stress the fundamental physical links between the physics of beams to limiting currents in other areas, such as low temperature plasmas, laser plasmas, and space propulsion. C1 [Zhang, Peng; Lau, Y. Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Valfells, Agust] Reykjavik Univ, Sch Sci & Engn, Menntavegi 1, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Ang, L. K.] Singapore Univ Technol & Design, Engn Product Dev, Singapore 487372, Singapore. [Luginsland, J. W.] US Air Force, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. OI Valfells, Agust/0000-0002-6561-4957 FU AFOSR [FA9550-14-1-0309]; AFOSR through University of Michigan; AFOSR-AOARD [FA2386-14-1-4020] FX P. Zhang and Y. Y. Lau were supported by AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-14-1-0309. P. Zhang was also supported by AFOSR through a subcontract from the University of Michigan. L. K. Ang was supported by AFOSR-AOARD FA2386-14-1-4020, and J. W. Luginsland was supported by AFOSR. NR 326 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1931-9401 J9 APPL PHYS REV JI Appl. Phys. Rev. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 4 IS 1 AR 011304 DI 10.1063/1.4978231 PG 29 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EO7XM UT WOS:000396903400008 ER PT J AU Tolstykh, GP Tarango, M Roth, CC Ibey, BL AF Tolstykh, Gleb P. Tarango, Melissa Roth, Caleb C. Ibey, Bennett L. TI Nanosecond pulsed electric field induced dose dependent phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate signaling and intracellular electro-sensitization SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE Nanosecond electric pulses; PIP2 depletion; Diacylglycerol; lnositol-(1,4,5)-trisphosphate; Nanoporation; Membrane ID PLASMA-MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATION; ION-TRANSPORT PROTEINS; LIVING CELLS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; KINASE-C; CHANNELS; ACTIVATION; CALCIUM; MODULATION AB Previously, it was demonstrated that nanometer-sized pores (nanopores) are formed in outer cellular membranes after exposure to nanosecond electric pulses (nsEPs). We reported that plasma membrane nanoporation affects phospholipids of the cell membrane, culminating in cascading phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) intracellular signaling. In the current study, we show that nsEPs initiated electric field (EF) dose -dependent PIP2 hydrolysis and/or depletion from the plasma membrane. This process was confirmed using fluorescent optical probes of PIP2 hydrolysis: PLC delta-PH-EGFP and GFP-C1-PKC gamma-C-1a. The 50% maximum response occurs with a single 600 ns pulse achieving an effective dose (ED50) of EF similar to 8 kV/cm within our model cell system. At 16.2 kV/cm, the ED50 for the pulse width was 484 ns. Reduction of the pulse width or EF amplitude gradually reduced the observed effect, but twenty 60 ns 162 kV/cm pulses produced an effect similar to a single 600 ns pulse of the same amplitude. Propidium iodide (PI) uptake after the nsEP exposure confirmed a strong relationship between EF-induced plasma membrane impact and PIP2 depletion. These results have expanded our current knowledge of nsEPs dependent cell physiological effects, and serve as a basis for model development of new exposure standards, providing novel tools for drug independent stimulation and approaches to differential modulation of key cellular functions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tolstykh, Gleb P.; Tarango, Melissa] 4141 Petr Rd, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Roth, Caleb C.; Ibey, Bennett L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Airman Syst Directorate, Bioeffects Div,Radio Frequency Bioeffects Branch, 711th Human Performance Wing,4141 Petr Rd, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tolstykh, GP (reprint author), 4141 Petr Rd, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM gleb.tolstykh.ctr@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research LRIR [16RH08COR]; OSD-T&E (Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation); Defense-Wide National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1, Basic Research [PE0601120D8Z] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research LRIR - 16RH08COR Mr. Roth is a SMART Scholar and is supported by the OSD-T&E (Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation), Defense-Wide/PE0601120D8Z National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1, Basic Research. The ideas and opinions presented here are those of the authors and not those of the US Air Force or the Department of Defense. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 EI 0006-3002 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 1859 IS 3 BP 438 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.01.003 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA EK8TG UT WOS:000394196900015 PM 28064021 ER PT J AU Geller, DK Lovell, TA AF Geller, David K. Lovell, T. Alan TI Angles-Only Initial Relative Orbit Determination Performance Analysis using Cylindrical Coordinates SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Angle measurements; Relative navigation; Orbit determination ID OBSERVABILITY CRITERIA; NAVIGATION; MANEUVERS AB The solution of the initial relative orbit determination problem using angles-only measurements is important for orbital proximity operations, satellite inspection and servicing, and the identification of unknown space objects in similar orbits. In this paper, a preliminary relative orbit determination performance analysis is conducted utilizing the linearized relative orbital equations of motion in cylindrical coordinates. The relative orbital equations of motion in cylindrical coordinates are rigorously derived in several forms included the exact nonlinear two-body differential equations of motion, the linear-time-varying differential equations of motion for an elliptical orbit chief, and the linear-time-invariant differential equations of motion for a circular orbit chief. Using the nonlinear angles-only measurement equation in cylindrical coordinates, evidence of full-relative-state observability is found, contrary to the range observability problem exhibited in Cartesian coordinates. Based on these results, a geometric approach to assess initial relative orbit determination performance is formulated. To facilitate a better understanding of the problem, the focus is on the 2-dimensional initial orbit determination problem. The results clearly show the dependence of the relative orbit determination performance on the geometry of the relative motion and on the time-interval between observations. Analysis is conducted for leader-follower orbits and flyby orbits where the deputy passes directly above or below the chief. C1 [Geller, David K.] Utah State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, 4130 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Lovell, T. Alan] US Air Force, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Geller, DK (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, 4130 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM david.geller@usu.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0021-9142 EI 2195-0571 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 64 IS 1 BP 72 EP 96 DI 10.1007/s40295-016-0095-z PG 25 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EI6ZH UT WOS:000392645900004 ER PT J AU Banerjee, I Faris, T Stoeva, Z Harris, PG Chen, J Sharma, AK Ray, AK AF Banerjee, Indrani Faris, Tsegie Stoeva, Zlatka Harris, Paul G. Chen, J. Sharma, Ashwani K. Ray, Asim K. TI Graphene films printable on flexible substrates for sensor applications SO 2D MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE graphene ink; positive temperature coefficient of resistivity; photo-thermoelectric effect; Kohlrauch function ID DEPENDENT ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; TUNABLE BANDGAP; ELECTRONICS; NANOCOMPOSITES; ADSORPTION; GRAPHITE AB Fifteen-layered graphene films have been successfully deposited onto flexible substrates using a commercial ink consisting of graphene particles dispersed in an acrylic polymer binder. A value of 74.9 x 10(5) cm(-2) was obtained for the density of defects, primarily located at the flake edges, from the ratio of the D and G Raman peaks located at 1345 cm(-1) and 1575 cm(-1) respectively. 0.5 mu m thick drop-cast films on interdigitated silver electrodes exhibited Ohmic conduction with a small activation energy of 12 meV over the temperature range from 260 to 330 K. The photo-thermoelectric effect is believed to be responsible for photoconduction through graphene films under illumination intensity of 10 mW m(-2) at 270 nm, corresponding to the UV absorption peak. The photo-transient decay at the bias of 1 V involves two relaxation processes when the illumination is switched off and values of 8.9 x 10(3) and 4.3 x 10(4) s are found for the relaxation time constant using the Kohlrauch stretched exponential function analysis. C1 [Banerjee, Indrani] Birla Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Ranchi 835215, Bihar, India. [Banerjee, Indrani; Faris, Tsegie; Harris, Paul G.; Chen, J.; Ray, Asim K.] Brunel Univ London, Inst Mat & Mfg, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Faris, Tsegie; Stoeva, Zlatka] DZP Technol Ltd, Future Business Ctr, Kings Hedges Rd, Cambridge CB4 2HY, England. [Sharma, Ashwani K.] US Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Se Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Ray, AK (reprint author), Brunel Univ London, Inst Mat & Mfg, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. EM asim.ray@brunel.ac.uk FU Commonwealth Association, UK [INCF-2014-66]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF [FA9550-15-1-0123] FX Dr Indrani Banerjee is grateful to Commonwealth Association, UK for funding the present research work under the fellowship placement scheme (Grant reference INCF-2014-66). The studentship of Ms Faris is partially sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF, under Grant No. FA9550-15-1-0123. We are also thankful to Miss V M Torrejon of Brunel University for support in computer graphics. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 56 U2 56 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2053-1583 J9 2D MATER JI 2D Mater. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 4 IS 1 AR 015036 DI 10.1088/2053-1583/aa50f0 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EH2QW UT WOS:000391613700001 ER PT J AU Perez, R Bartram, G Beberniss, T Wiebe, R Spottswood, SM AF Perez, R. Bartram, G. Beberniss, T. Wiebe, R. Spottswood, S. M. TI Calibration of aero-structural reduced order models using full-field experimental measurements SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Full-field measurements; Digital image correlation; Forward looking infrared; Pressure sensitive paint; Pairwise Gaussian random field model; Reduced order model; Finite-element model ID INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY AB The structural response of hypersonic aircraft panels is a multi-disciplinary problem, where the nonlinear structural dynamics, aerodynamics, and heat transfer models are coupled. A clear understanding of the impact of high-speed flow effects on the structural response, and the potential influence of the structure on the local environment, is needed in order to prevent the design of overly-conservative structures, a common problem in past hypersonic programs. The current work investigates these challenges from a structures perspective. To this end, the first part of this investigation looks at the modeling of the response of a rectangular panel to an external heating source (thermo-structural coupling) where the temperature effect on the structure is obtained from forward looking infrared (FLIR) measurements and the displacement via 3D-digital image correlation (DIC). The second part of the study uses data from a previous series of wind-tunnel experiments, performed to investigate the response of a compliant panel to the effects of high-speed flow, to train a pressure surrogate model. In this case, the panel aero-loading is obtained from fast-response pressure sensitive paint (PSP) measurements, both directly and from the pressure surrogate model. The result of this investigation is the use of full field experimental measurements to update the structural model and train a computational efficient model of the loading environment. The use of reduced order models, informed by these full-field physical measurements, is a significant step toward the development of accurate simulation models of complex structures that are computationally tractable. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. C1 [Perez, R.; Bartram, G.] Universal Technol Corp, 1270 North Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Beberniss, T.; Spottswood, S. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Struct Sci Ctr, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Wiebe, R.] Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Perez, R (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, 1270 North Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. EM ricardo.perez.10.ctr.mx@us.af.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0888-3270 J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc. PD MAR 1 PY 2017 VL 86 SI SI BP 49 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.04.013 PN B PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EE2BZ UT WOS:000389390000006 ER PT J AU Ehrhardt, DA Allen, MS Yang, SF Beberniss, TJ AF Ehrhardt, David A. Allen, Matthew S. Yang, Shifei Beberniss, Timothy J. TI Full-field linear and nonlinear measurements using Continuous-Scan Laser Doppler Vibrometry and high speed Three-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Full-field measurement; Continuous-Scan Laser Doppler Vibrometry; High speed three dimensional digital image correlation; Linear mode; Nonlinear deformation ID VIBRATION; LDV AB Spatially detailed dynamic measurements of thin, lightweight structures can be difficult to obtain due to the structure's low mass and complicated deformations under certain loading conditions. If traditional contacting sensors, such as accelerometers, strain gauges, displacement transducers, etc., are used, the total number of measurement locations available is limited by the weight added and the effect each sensor has on the local stiffness of the contact area. Other non-contacting sensors, such as Laser Doppler Vibrometers (LDV), laser triangulation sensors, proximity sensors, etc., do not affect the dynamics of a structure, but are limited to single point measurements. In contrast, a few recently developed non-contacting measurement techniques have been shown to be capable of simultaneously measuring the response over a wide measurement field. Two techniques are considered here: Continuous-Scan Laser Doppler Vibrometry (CSLDV) and high speed Three-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D DIC). With the use of these techniques, unprecedented measurement resolution can be achieved. In this work, the linear and nonlinear deformations of a clamped, nominally flat beam and plate under steady state sinusoidal loading will be measured using both techniques. In order to assess their relative merits, the linear natural frequencies, mode shapes, and nonlinear deformation shapes measured with each method are compared. Both measurement systems give comparable results in many cases, although 3D DIC is more accurate for spatially complex deformations at large amplitudes and CSLDV is more accurate at low amplitudes and when the spatial deformation pattern is simpler. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ehrhardt, David A.; Allen, Matthew S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, 534 Engn Res Bldg,1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yang, Shifei] Praxair Inc, 175 East Pk Dr, Tonawanda, NY 14150 USA. [Beberniss, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Struct Engineer, Struct Sci Ctr, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ehrhardt, DA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, 534 Engn Res Bldg,1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dehrhardt@wisc.edu; msallen@engr.wisc.edu; shifeiy@gmail.com FU University of Wisconsin-Madison Graduate School; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Air Force Office of Science and Research under Dr. David Stargel's Multi-Scale Structural Mechanics Prognosis program [12RB04COR] FX Support for this research was provided by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Graduate School with funding from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation and through the Air Force Office of Science and Research grant# 12RB04COR under Dr. David Stargel's Multi-Scale Structural Mechanics Prognosis program. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0888-3270 J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc. PD MAR 1 PY 2017 VL 86 SI SI BP 82 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.12.003 PN B PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EE2BZ UT WOS:000389390000008 ER PT J AU Iurov, A Gumbs, G Huang, D Zhemchuzhna, L AF Iurov, Andrii Gumbs, Godfrey Huang, Danhong Zhemchuzhna, Liubov TI Controlling plasmon modes and damping in buckled two-dimensional material open systems SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; THIN-FILMS; GRAPHENE; FIELD; TRANSISTORS; ABSORPTION; RADIATION; SUBSTRATE; LOSSES; LAYER AB Full ranges of both hybrid plasmon-mode dispersions and their damping are studied systematically by our recently developed mean-field theory in open systems involving a conducting substrate and a two-dimensional (2D) material with a buckled honeycomb lattice, such as silicene, germanene, and a group IV dichalcogenide as well. In this hybrid system, the single plasmon mode for a freestanding 2D layer is split into one acoustic-like and one optical-like mode, leading to a dramatic change in the damping of plasmon modes. In comparison with gapped graphene, critical features associated with plasmon modes and damping in silicene and molybdenum disulfide are found with various spin-orbit and lattice asymmetry energy bandgaps, doping types and levels, and coupling strengths between 2D materials and the conducting substrate. The obtained damping dependence on both spin and valley degrees of freedom is expected to facilitate measuring the open-system dielectric property and the spin-orbit coupling strength of individual 2D materials. The unique linear dispersion of the acoustic-like plasmon mode introduces additional damping from the intraband particle-hole modes, which is absent for a free-standing 2D material layer, and the use of molybdenum disulfide with a large bandgap simultaneously suppresses the strong damping from the interband particle-hole modes. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Iurov, Andrii] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Gumbs, Godfrey] Donostia Int Phys Ctr DIPC, P Manuel Lardizabal, San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Gumbs, Godfrey; Zhemchuzhna, Liubov] New York Univ, Hunter Coll City, Dept Phys & Astron, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Huang, Danhong] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Huang, Danhong] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Iurov, A (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM aiurov@unm.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX D.H. would like to thank the support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). We would also like to mention a great help from Joseph Sadler and especially Patrick Helles, IT managers at the Center for High Technology Materials of the University of New Mexico, much beyond their official responsibilities. NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2017 VL 121 IS 8 AR 084306 DI 10.1063/1.4977202 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EM4NI UT WOS:000395289400018 ER PT J AU Visbal, MR AF Visbal, Miguel R. TI Unsteady flow structure and loading of a pitching low-aspect-ratio wing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; LOW REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; DYNAMIC STALL; VORTEX BREAKDOWN; PLUNGING AIRFOIL; CONSTANT-RATE; LEADING-EDGE; AERODYNAMICS; PREDICTION AB This study addresses the flow structure and unsteady loading arising over a pitching low-aspect-ratio rectangular wing under low-Reynolds-number conditions of interest in small unmanned aerial vehicle operation and gust interactions. Simulations are performed employing a high-fidelity computational approach capable of accurately capturing the complex unsteady transitional flows. The wing is pitched about its quarter-chord axis to a maximum incidence of 45 degrees over time intervals ranging from four to 16 convective time scales. The Reynolds number based on the wing chord varied from 10(3) to 4 x 10(4). For the highest pitch rate, good agreement between the computed three-dimensional (3D) flow structure and recent experimental measurements is demonstrated. The 3D dynamic stall process is characterized by the formation of an initially spanwise-oriented leading-edge vortex which evolves into an arch-type structure with legs anchored to the wing surface. The normal vorticity in the arch vortex legs establishes a low-pressure region and swirling pattern on the wing surface. A distinct characteristic of the arch vortex is its upstream propagation and persistence over the wing, postulated to be the result of the self-induced velocity of the vortex and its image underneath the plate. Increasing either pitch rate or Reynolds number promotes a more coherent arch vortex and circulation pattern, and delays the onset of stall to a higher angle of attack. Even for the lowest pitch rate considered, a significant increase in maximum lift is achieved relative to the static situation. C1 [Visbal, Miguel R.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Visbal, MR (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM miguel.visbal@us.af.mil FU AFOSR FX This work was supported in part by AFOSR under a task monitored by Dr. D. Smith, and by a grant of HPC time from the DoD HPC Shared Resource Center at AFRL. The author is grateful to Dr. T. Yilmaz and Prof. D. Rockwell for providing their experimental data, and to Dr. D. Garmann for his assistance with the data reduction technique used in the comparison of computation and experiment. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-990X J9 PHYS REV FLUIDS JI Phys. Rev. Fluids PD FEB 24 PY 2017 VL 2 IS 2 AR 024703 DI 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.024703 PG 28 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EL5PI UT WOS:000394672700003 ER PT J AU Altfeder, I Voevodin, AA Check, MH Eichfeld, SM Robinson, JA Balatsky, AV AF Altfeder, Igor Voevodin, Andrey A. Check, Michael H. Eichfeld, Sarah M. Robinson, Joshua A. Balatsky, Alexander V. TI Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Observation of Phonon Condensate SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; MONOLAYER MOS2; FEW-LAYER; WSE2; SCATTERING; DEFECTS; QUANTUM; TEMPERATURE AB Using quantum tunneling of electrons into vibrating surface atoms, phonon oscillations can be observed on the atomic scale. Phonon interference patterns with unusually large signal amplitudes have been revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy in intercalated van der Waals heterostructures. Our results show that the effective radius of these phonon quasi-bound states, the real-space distribution of phonon standing wave amplitudes, the scattering phase shifts, and the nonlinear intermode coupling strongly depend on the presence of defect-induced scattering resonance. The observed coherence of these quasi-bound states most likely arises from phase-and frequency-synchronized dynamics of all phonon modes, and indicates the formation of many-body condensate of optical phonons around resonant defects. We found that increasing the strength of the scattering resonance causes the increase of the condensate droplet radius without affecting the condensate fraction inside it. The condensate can be observed at room temperature. C1 [Altfeder, Igor; Voevodin, Andrey A.; Check, Michael H.] Air Force Res Lab, Nanoelect Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Voevodin, Andrey A.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Robinson, Joshua A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Robinson, Joshua A.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Dimens & Layered Mat 2, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Balatsky, Alexander V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Balatsky, Alexander V.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Quantum Mat, NORDITA, Roslagstullsbacken 23, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Balatsky, Alexander V.] Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Altfeder, I (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Nanoelect Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Igor.Altfeder.Ctr@us.af.mil FU AFOSR; Center for Low Energy Systems Technology; US DOE BES [E304]; VR; KAW FX We thank Y.C. Lin, A. J. Safriet, R.D. Naguy and M.E. McConney for help in preparing the experiment. We also acknowledge discussions with L. Levitov, I.A. Zaliznyak, D.L. Dorsey and A.M. Urbas. The AFRL team acknowledges the financial support from AFOSR. The work at PSU was funded by the Center for Low Energy Systems Technology. A.V.B. acknowledges the support from US DOE BES E304, VR and KAW. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 22 PY 2017 VL 7 AR 43214 DI 10.1038/srep43214 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EL6PT UT WOS:000394745200001 PM 28225066 ER PT J AU Rao, SI Varvenne, C Woodward, C Parthasarathy, TA Miracle, D Senkov, ON Curtin, WA AF Rao, S. I. Varvenne, C. Woodward, C. Parthasarathy, T. A. Miracle, D. Senkov, O. N. Curtin, W. A. TI Atomistic simulations of dislocations in a model BCC multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloy SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocations; Atomistic simulations; Concentrated multicomponent solid solution alloy; BCC crystal ID HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; IRON; CRYSTALLINE; ELEMENTS; DESIGN; CORES AB Molecular statics and molecular dynamics simulations are presented for the structure and glide motion of a/2(111) dislocations in a randomly-distributed model-BCC Co16.67Fe36.67Ni16.67Ti30 alloy. Core structure variations along an individual dislocation line are found for a/2(111) screw and edge dislocations. One reason for the core structure variations is the local variation in composition along the dislocation line. Calculated unstable stacking fault energies on the (110) plane as a function of composition vary significantly, consistent with this assessment. Molecular dynamics simulations of the critical glide stress as a function of temperature show significant strengthening, and much shallower temperature dependence of the strengthening, as compared to pure BCC Fe as well as a reference mean-field BCC alloy material of the same overall composition, lattice and elastic constants as the target alloy. Interpretation of the strength versus temperature in terms of an effective kink-pair activation model shows the random alloy to have a much larger activation energy than the mean-field alloy or BCC Fe. This is interpreted as due to the core structure variations along the dislocation line that are often unfavorable for glide in the direction of the load. The configuration of the gliding dislocation is wavy, and significant debris is left behind, demonstrating the role of local composition and core structure in creating kink pinning (super jogs) and/or deflection of the glide plane of the dislocation. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Woodward, C.; Miracle, D.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rao, S. I.; Parthasarathy, T. A.; Senkov, O. N.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH USA. [Rao, S. I.; Varvenne, C.; Curtin, W. A.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Engn Mech, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Varvenne, C.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, F-13288 Marseille, France. RP Rao, SI (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Engn Mech, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM satish.rao@epfl.ch FU Air Force Materials Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; European Research Council through the Advanced Grant "Predictive Computational Metallurgy", ERC [339081]; Air Force [FA8650-15-D-5230] FX The authors acknowledge use of the Molecular dynamics code LAMMPS, which was developed at Sandia National Laboratory by Dr. Steve Plimpton and co-workers. This work was supported by the Air Force Materials Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, and by a grant of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program, at the Aeronautical Systems Center/Major Shared Resource Center. SR, WAC, and CV acknowledge support for this work by the European Research Council through the Advanced Grant "Predictive Computational Metallurgy", ERC Grant agreement No.339081 PreCoMet. Work by ONS and TAP was supported through the Air Force onsite contract No. FA8650-15-D-5230 managed by UES, Inc. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2017 VL 125 BP 311 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.011 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EK8VA UT WOS:000394201500031 ER PT J AU Richardson, DR Roy, S Gord, JR AF Richardson, Daniel R. Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI Femtosecond, two-photon, planar laser-induced fluorescence of carbon monoxide in flames SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLYTIC-INTERFERENCE-FREE; PICOSECOND EXCITATION; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; CO; TEMPERATURE; VISUALIZATION; NANOSECOND; OXYGEN; FLOWS AB Two-photon, planar laser-induced fluorescence (TP-PLIF) of carbon monoxide was performed in steady and driven flames using femtosecond (fs) laser pulses at 1 kHz. Excitation radiation at 230.1 nm (full-width at half-maximum bandwidth of 270 cm(-1)) was used to pump many rovibrational two-photon transitions in the B-1 Sigma(+) <- X-1 Sigma(+) system. Visible fluorescence in the range 362-516 nm was captured using an image intensifier and high-speed camera. The signal dependence on excitation energy and wavelength is presented. Photolytic interferences from the ultraviolet laser were explored in a sooting diffusion flame. Using an excitation laser intensity of 1010 W/cm(2), negligible photolytic interferences were observed, and PLIF imaging of dynamic flame events was performed at 1 kHz. C1 [Richardson, Daniel R.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Gord, James R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Richardson, DR (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM daniel.richardson.ctr@gmail.com FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [14RQ06COR, 15RQCOR202]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-15-D-2518] FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (14RQ06COR, 15RQCOR202); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8650-15-D-2518). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2017 VL 42 IS 4 BP 875 EP 878 DI 10.1364/OL.42.000875 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EK6MU UT WOS:000394039500056 PM 28198887 ER PT J AU Moller, JC Kedziora, GS Barr, SA Breitzman, TD Berry, RJ AF Moller, James C. Kedziora, Gary S. Barr, Stephen A. Breitzman, Timothy D. Berry, Rajiv J. TI Atomistic prediction of plane stress behavior of glassy thermosets SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Atomistic simulation; Plane stress; Glassy thermosets ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; EPOXY-RESINS; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; YIELD BEHAVIOR; PLASTIC-FLOW; MECHANICAL FAILURE; POLYMER NETWORKS; CARBON-NANOTUBE; CHAIN SCISSION AB When any covalent bond energy reached a threshold indicative of incipient bond scission, the simulation was stopped. This method was used to examine the responses of three highly-crosslinked epoxy systems. Systems were large enough to include 110 to 480 crosslink sites. Both elastic and yield properties show good agreement with the experiments of others. Continuum yield theories commonly applied to polymers are compared with the data. A Drucker-Prager pressure-dependent yield function applied best in the second and third quadrants of the sigma(1) sigma(2) domain. In the first quadrant, however, data more closely match a normal-stress-yielding criterion. In biaxial tension and simple tension, plastic behavior and large growth in nano-porosity were observed. Ductility was lowest in simple tension and biaxial compression. In simple tension, the bonds at crosslink sites and in ether linkages were the most highly strained whereas carbon-carbon backbone bonds between phenyl groups were highly strained in other cases. When system energy at imminent bond rupture was divided on a per-atom basis, consistency with Peterlin's theory for molecular rupture was found. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moller, James C.] Miami Univ, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Kedziora, Gary S.] Air Force Res Lab, Engil Corp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Barr, Stephen A.; Breitzman, Timothy D.; Berry, Rajiv J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Moller, JC (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM mollerjc@miamioh.edu FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [14RX09COR]; User Productivity Enhancement Technology Transfer and Training program FX This work was supported by U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Project #: 14RX09COR. "Multiscale Mechanics of Bond Scission and Interfacial Properties of Polymer Composites". The authors would also like to thank the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program for computer time as well as the User Productivity Enhancement Technology Transfer and Training program for support. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2017 VL 128 BP 257 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.11.019 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EG4OC UT WOS:000391022600029 ER PT J AU Kumar, SK Benicewicz, BC Vaia, RA Winey, KI AF Kumar, Sanat K. Benicewicz, Brian C. Vaia, Richard A. Winey, Karen I. TI 50th Anniversary Perspective: Are Polymer Nanocomposites Practical for Applications? SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID LAYERED-SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; SURFACE-INITIATED POLYMERIZATION; TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; NITROXIDE-MEDIATED POLYMERIZATION; HAIRY NANOPARTICLE ASSEMBLIES; CHAIN TRANSFER POLYMERIZATION; REINFORCED NYLON-6 COMPOSITES; DIELECTRIC-BREAKDOWN STRENGTH; MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE AB The field of polymer nanocomposites has been at the forefront of research in the polymer community for the past few decades. Foundational work published in Macromolecules during this time has emphasized the physics and chemistry of the inclusion of nanofillers; remarkable early developments suggested that these materials would create a revolution in the plastics industry. After 25 years of innovative and groundbreaking research, PNCs have enabled many niche solutions. To complement the extensive literature currently available, we focus this Perspective on four case studies of PNCs applications: (i) filled rubbers, (ii) continuous fiber reinforced thermoset composites, (iii) membranes for gas separations, and (iv) dielectrics for capacitors and insulation. After presenting synthetic developments we discuss the application of polymer nanocomposites to each of these topic areas; successes will be noted, and we will finish each section by highlighting the various technological bottlenecks that need to be overcome to take these materials to full-scale practical application. By considering past successes and failures, we will emphasize the critical fundamental science needed to further expand the practical relevance of these materials. C1 [Kumar, Sanat K.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Benicewicz, Brian C.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Vaia, Richard A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Winey, Karen I.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kumar, SK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM sk2794@columbia.edu FU National Science Foundation; Division of Materials Research (Polymers); SC SmartState endowed chair program; Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Russ Composto (Penn); Nigel Clarke (Univ. of Sheffield); Jeff Meth (Dupont); Rob Riggleman (Penn) FX S.K. acknowledges continuing funding for his nanocomposite research over the past decade from the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research (Polymers). He also acknowledges ongoing collaborations with Linda Schadler (RPI), Ken Schweizer (UIUC), Jacques Jestin (CEA/CNRS, France), Ralph Colby (Penn State), Michael Rubinstein (UNC), Dimitris Vlassopoulos (FORTH/Univ. of Crete), and Gary Grest (Sandia) many of the insights presented here reflect the discussions that have taken place during these interactions. B.C.B. acknowledges support from the SC SmartState endowed chair program. RA.V. acknowledges funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. He also acknowledges the helpful discussions with Suraj Rawal, Nick Patz, and Chris Grabowski in developing this manuscript and innumerable colleagues whose insight and collaborations have informed our PNC research. K.I.W. acknowledges funding National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research (Polymers) and valuable collaborations with Russ Composto (Penn), Nigel Clarke (Univ. of Sheffield), Jeff Meth (Dupont), and Rob Riggleman (Penn). NR 241 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 14 PY 2017 VL 50 IS 3 BP 714 EP 731 DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02330 PG 18 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA EL1VT UT WOS:000394410200002 ER PT J AU Tiley, JS Kim, SL Parthasarathy, TA Loughnane, GT Kublik, R Salem, AA AF Tiley, J. S. Kim, S. L. Parthasarathy, T. A. Loughnane, G. T. Kublik, R. Salem, A. A. TI Quantifying the effect of microstructure variability on the yield strength predictions of Ni-base superalloys SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Ni-base superalloys; Yield strength predictions; Modified Bhattacharyya coefficient analysis ID MECHANISMS AB Physics-based models for predicting the mechanical behavior of Ni-based superalloys as a function of microstructure features require the use of microstructure data for calibration and verification. Accurate representation of the heterogeneity of microstructure features requires accurate selection of the representative microstructure data size (i.e. image size). Thus, this work is carried out to address the influence of microstructure data size on the accuracy of a discrete dislocation dynamic model in predicting the critical resolved share stress (CRSS) of IN100. Microstructure features from backscattered electron images were extracted using image processing techniques. Single point statistics (e.g. area fraction, precipitate size, and distance between gamma' particles) and higher order statistics using two-point correlations were calculated from segmented 2-D images. Modified Bhattacharyya Coefficient analysis techniques were employed to calculate three-dimensional particle size distributions. Results indicate a significant influence of the microstructure data size on the calculated CRSS. C1 [Tiley, J. S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kim, S. L.; Parthasarathy, T. A.] UES Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Loughnane, G. T.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Kublik, R.; Salem, A. A.] Mat Resources LLC, Dayton, OH 45402 USA. RP Tiley, JS (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU Metals Processing program at the Air Force Research Laboratory; AF on-site [FA8650-15-D-5230]; entire characterization team at Materials Resources, LLC., Dayton OH; Dr. M. Uchic at AFRL FX This project was supported by the Metals Processing program at the Air Force Research Laboratory. Work by SLK and TP was supported through the AF on-site contract number FA8650-15-D-5230 conducted by UES, Inc., Dayton, OH. Additional characterization support was provided by Dr. M. Uchic at AFRL, and the entire characterization team at Materials Resources, LLC., Dayton OH. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 8 PY 2017 VL 685 BP 178 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.068 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EK8RD UT WOS:000394190400022 ER PT J AU Vandana, S Kochat, V Lee, J Varshney, V Yazdi, S Shen, JF Kosolwattana, S Vinod, S Vajtai, R Roy, AK Tiwary, CS Ajayan, PM AF Vandana, Sajith Kochat, Vidya Lee, Jonghoon Varshney, Vikas Yazdi, Sadegh Shen, Jianfeng Kosolwattana, Suppanat Vinod, Soumya Vajtai, Robert Roy, Ajit K. Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar Ajayan, P. M. TI 2D Heterostructure coatings of hBN-MoS2 layers for corrosion resistance SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE molybdenum disulphide; hexagonal boron nitride; heterostructure; electrochemical; corrosion resistance ID HEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE; INPLANE HETEROSTRUCTURES; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; THERMAL TRANSPORT; THIN-FILMS; GRAPHENE; PROGRESS; LIGHT AB Heterostructures of atomically thin 2D materials could have improved physical, mechanical and chemical properties as compared to its individual components. Here we report, the effect of heterostructure coatings of hBN and MoS2 on the corrosion behavior as compared to coatings employing the individual 2D layer compositions. The poor corrosion resistance of MoS2 (widely used as wear resistant coating) can be improved by incorporating hBN sheets. Depending on the atomic stacking of the 2D sheets, we can further engineer the corrosion resistance properties of these coatings. A detailed spectroscopy and microscopy analysis has been used to characterize the different combinations of layered coatings. Detailed DFT based calculation reveals that the effect on the electrical properties due to atomic stacking is one of the major reasons for the improvement seen in corrosion resistance. C1 [Vandana, Sajith; Kochat, Vidya; Yazdi, Sadegh; Shen, Jianfeng; Kosolwattana, Suppanat; Vinod, Soumya; Vajtai, Robert; Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar; Ajayan, P. M.] Rice Univ, Mat Sci & Nanoengn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Vandana, Sajith] Natl Inst Technol, Sch Nano Sci & Technol, Calicut, Kerala, India. [Lee, Jonghoon; Varshney, Vikas; Roy, Ajit K.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Nanoelect Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Shen, Jianfeng] Fudan Univ, Inst Special Mat & Technol, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Roy, AK (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Nanoelect Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM ajit.roy@us.af.mil; cst.iisc@gmail.com; ajayan@rice.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD FEB 2 PY 2017 VL 50 IS 4 AR 045301 DI 10.1088/1361-6463/aa5001 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EK7EI UT WOS:000394088400001 ER PT J AU Lakebrink, MT Paredes, P Borg, MP AF Lakebrink, Matthew T. Paredes, Pedro Borg, Matthew P. TI Toward robust prediction of crossflow-wave instability in hypersonic boundary layers SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Stability analysis; Hypersonic; Aerodynamics; Boundary layer transition; Crossflow waves AB Traveling and stationary crossflow-wave instabilities in a laminar Mach 6 boundary layer are investigated on a 38.1% scale model of the Fifth Hypersonic International Flight Research Experiment (HIFiRE-5) elliptic cone at zero angle of attack and yaw. The Langley Stability and Transition Analysis Code (LASTRAC) was used to analyze the crossflow dominated boundary layer in the mid-span region near the downstream end of the model. Disturbance growth rates, wave angles, and phase speeds are computed with LASTRAC using quasi -parallel Linear Stability Theory (LST), Linear Parabolized StabilityEquations (LPSE), and two-plane or surface marching LPSE (2pLPSE). The predicted wave angles and phase speeds are validated using experimental data, and are found to be in better agreement than previous computations. Further numerical analysis is conducted using the Spatial BiGlobal technique (SBG), which simultaneously accounts for wall-normal and spanwise gradients in the mean boundary layer at a particular axial station. For the first time in the literature, a comparison is made between crossflow wave growth rates computed using LST, LPSE, and 2pLPSE and those computed using SBG, accounting for curvature and geometric divergence of the elliptic cone. The agreement between LST, LPSE, and SBG is fair at best, but excellent agreement is realized between 2pLPSE and SBG. This result constitutes a co-verification of the LASTRAC and SBG stability codes, and provides evidence that 2pLPSE accurately models the physics of the traveling-crossflow instability. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lakebrink, Matthew T.] Boeing Res & Technol, St Louis, MO 63042 USA. [Paredes, Pedro] Univ Politecn Madrid, Sch Aeronaut, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Borg, Matthew P.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lakebrink, MT (reprint author), Boeing Res & Technol, St Louis, MO 63042 USA. EM matthew.t.lakebrink@boeing.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7930 EI 1879-0747 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PD FEB 2 PY 2017 VL 144 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.compfluid.2016.11.016 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA EJ2AI UT WOS:000393011700001 ER PT J AU Hipp, KD Walker, MM Benton, SI Bons, JP AF Hipp, Kyle D. Walker, Michael M. Benton, Stuart I. Bons, Jeffrey P. TI Control of Poststall Airfoil Using Leading-Edge Pulsed Jets SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID VORTEX GENERATOR JETS; PERIODIC EXCITATION; FLOW SEPARATION; STALL; OSCILLATION AB The performance of active flow control on a NACA 643-618 laminar airfoil at a poststall angle of attack of 20deg is evaluated using discrete, wall-normal pulsed jets. The chord Reynolds number is 64,000, and actuation is implemented near the leading edge of the airfoil. For actuation periods equal to one convective period and two convective periods, the average lift coefficient increases monotonically as the actuation duty cycle is reduced, for a given blowing ratio. Flow reattachment is achieved following the termination of a short duration pulse, and the reattachment point propagates toward the trailing edge at a rate three times slower than the convective period of the flow. Extended jet off times can cause full separation to reoccur, should the reattachment point reach the trailing edge; however, optimal jet off times can cause suction pressure to extend over much of the airfoil chord. Higher duty cycle actuation results in a phase shift of the dynamics that appears to be commensurate with the duration of the jet. A disturbance initiated by the termination of the jet causes a delay in the redevelopment of the shear layer and the reattachment of the flow, prohibiting high lift values from being attained. C1 [Benton, Stuart I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. [Hipp, Kyle D.; Walker, Michael M.; Bons, Jeffrey P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 2300 West Case Road, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. [Benton, Stuart I.] US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hipp, KD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 2300 West Case Road, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-13-1-0164]; Defense University Research Instrumentation Program, U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-12-1-0348]; Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship program FX This work was carried out under grant number FA9550-13-1-0164 from the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, monitored by Douglas Smith. This support is gratefully acknowledged. This work has benefitted from equipment acquired under a grant from the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program, U.S. Army Research Office (W911NF-12-1-0348). S. Benton was supported by the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship program. The authors would like to acknowledge the preliminary data acquired by Chiara Bernardini that sparked the interest in this set of parameters. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 55 IS 2 BP 365 EP 376 DI 10.2514/1.J055223 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EM8IR UT WOS:000395555300003 ER PT J AU Bae, HR Daniel, CL Alyanak, E AF Bae, Ha-Rok Daniel, Clark L. Alyanak, Ed TI Sequential Subspace Robustness Assessment and Sensitivity Analysis SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference CY JAN 04-08, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP AIAA ID DIAGONAL QUADRATIC APPROXIMATION; DIMENSION-REDUCTION METHOD; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION; RELIABILITY-ANALYSIS; STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION; NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION; ENGINEERING DESIGN; 1ST-ORDER; MODELS; CHAOS AB To avoid an overconservative design and to ensure desired performance in an optimal way, the product quality and robustness are considered in terms of the product-performance mean and variance. In this paper, to facilitate robust design exploration under uncertainty, a new sequential-subspace-robustness-assessment method is presented to assess not only the mean and variance of performance, but also their sensitivities with respect to design parameters. The proposed method is based on the computational framework that integrates the univariate revolving integration and surrogate modeling of univariate integral functions. The proposed framework enables consideration of bivariate-interaction effects approximately by the aggregation of multiple revolving integration terms in a partial set of bivariate subspaces. It is found that the proposed method provides better accuracy with comparable computational cost in assessing the statistical moments and sensitivities of product performance than existing methods, such as dimension-reduction method. Several numerical examples, including mathematical and structural problems, are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method. C1 [Bae, Ha-Rok; Daniel, Clark L.] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Alyanak, Ed] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bae, HR (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 55 IS 2 BP 610 EP 623 DI 10.2514/1.J055030 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EM8IR UT WOS:000395555300022 ER PT J AU Burns, RA Danehy, PM Halls, BR Jiang, NB AF Burns, Ross A. Danehy, Paul M. Halls, Benjamin R. Jiang, Naibo TI Femtosecond Laser Electronic Excitation Tagging Velocimetry in a Transonic, Cryogenic Wind Tunnel SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Dallas, TX SP AIAA C1 [Burns, Ross A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, NIA, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Danehy, Paul M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Measurements & Data Syst Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Halls, Benjamin R.; Jiang, Naibo] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Halls, Benjamin R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Burns, RA (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, NIA, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. FU NASA Internal Research and Development Program; NASA Small Business Innovation Research Program [NNX14CL74P] FX This work was funded by the NASA Internal Research and Development Program, with Marty Waszak as Program Manager; and the NASA Small Business Innovation Research Program (contract number NNX14CL74P). The authors would like to thank the facility operations team at the 0.3 m transonic cryogenic tunnel facility, including Wes Goodman, Mike Chambers, Karl Maddox, and Cliff Obara, among others. Their contributions allowed these experiments to be conducted efficiently, and they were a pleasure to work alongside for the duration of these tests. Additionally, Stephen Jones was an invaluable part of the team in the construction and implementation of the testing apparatus. Finally, the contributions and moral support of Michael Button from the George Washington University, Brett Bathel and Jennifer Inman from NASA Langley Research Center, and Sukesh Roy from Spectral Energies, LLC were greatly appreciated. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 55 IS 2 BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.2514/1.J055325 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EM8IR UT WOS:000395555300029 ER PT J AU Kwak, J Fan, M Martin, JA Ott, DK Grigsby, CC AF Kwak, Jae Fan, Maomian Martin, Jennifer A. Ott, Darrin K. Grigsby, Claude C. TI Dimerization Products of Chloroprene are Background Contaminants Emitted from ALTEF (Polyvinylidene Difluoride) Gas Sampling Bags SO ANALYTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Chloroprene dimers; ALTEF (polyvinylidene difluoride) gas sampling bags; emission; diffusion ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; LUNG-CANCER; EXHALED BREATH; TEDLAR BAGS; BIOMARKERS; SUITABILITY; AIR; STORAGE AB Gas sampling bags have been used for collecting air samples. Tedlar bags are most commonly used, but bleed background chemicals such as N,N-dimethylacetamide and phenol. It is often necessary to remove the contaminant by flushing the bags with pure nitrogen or air. In this study, we identified four chloroprene dimerization products as background contaminants emitted from ALTEF bags that are made of a proprietary polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF). No monomer chloroprene was detected in the bags analyzed. All of the dimers gradually increased once bags were filled with nitrogen due to diffusion from the bag surface. Flushing the bags with nitrogen reduced their concentrations, but was not effective for removing the contaminants. When the bags that had been flushed with nitrogen 5 times were left for 24 h, they increased again, indicating that the dimers were constantly emitted from the ALTEF bag surface. To our knowledge, these compounds have never been demonstrated in ALTEF or other PVDF bags. Our finding indicates that ALTEF might be incorporated with Neoprene (chloroprene-based polymer) during its manufacturing process. C1 [Kwak, Jae] UES Inc, Air Force Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Kwak, Jae] Univ Vet Med Vienna, Res Inst Wildlife Ecol, Dept Integrat Biol & Evolut, Vienna, Austria. [Fan, Maomian; Martin, Jennifer A.; Ott, Darrin K.; Grigsby, Claude C.] Air Force Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Kwak, J (reprint author), UES Inc, Air Force Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.; Kwak, J (reprint author), Univ Vet Med Vienna, Res Inst Wildlife Ecol, Dept Integrat Biol & Evolut, Vienna, Austria. EM jaekwak@hotmail.com NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY PI TOKYO PA 26-2 NISHIGOTANDA 1 CHOME SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0910-6340 EI 1348-2246 J9 ANAL SCI JI Anal. Sci. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 33 IS 2 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EM3OS UT WOS:000395225100005 PM 28190832 ER PT J AU Acheson, A Wijtenburg, SA Rowland, LM Winkler, A Mathias, CW Hong, LE Jahanshad, N Patel, B Thompson, PM McGuire, SA Sherman, PM Kochunov, P Dougherty, DM AF Acheson, Ashley Wijtenburg, S. Andrea Rowland, Laura M. Winkler, Anderson Mathias, Charles W. Hong, L. Elliot Jahanshad, Neda Patel, Binish Thompson, Paul M. McGuire, Stephen A. Sherman, Paul M. Kochunov, Peter Dougherty, Donald M. TI Reproducibility of tract-based white matter microstructural measures using the ENIGMA-DTI protocol SO BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE diffusion tensor imaging; ENIGMA-DTI; fractional anisotropy; reproducibility; white matter microstructure ID SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY; SPATIAL STATISTICS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FAMILY-HISTORY; UNCINATE FASCICULUS; BIPOLAR DISORDER; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ANATOMICAL MRI AB Background: In preparation for longitudinal analyses of white matter development in youths with family histories of substance use disorders (FH+) or without such histories (FH-), we examined the reproducibility and reliability of global and regional measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) values, measured using the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA)-diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocol. Highly reliable measures are necessary to detect any subtle differences in brain development. Methods: First, we analyzed reproducibility data in a sample of 12 healthy young adults (ages 20-28) imaged three times within a week. Next, we calculated the same metrics in data collected 1-year apart in the sample of 68 FH+ and 21 FH- adolescents. This is a timeframe where within subject changes in white matter microstructure are small compared to between subject variance. Reproducibility was estimated by examining mean coefficients of variation (MCV), mean absolute differences (MAD), and intraclass correlations (ICC) for global and tract-specific FA values. Results: We found excellent reproducibility for whole-brain DTI-FA values and most of the white matter tracts, except for the corticospinal tract and the fornix in both adults and youths. There was no significant effect of FH-group on reproducibility (p = .4). Reproducibility metrics were not significantly different between adolescents and adults (all p > .2). In post hoc analyses, the reproducibility metrics for regional FA values showed a strong positive correlation (r = .6) with the regional FA heritability measures previously reported by ENIGMA-DTI. Conclusion: Overall, this study demonstrated an excellent reproducibility of ENIGMA-DTI FA, positing it as viable analysis tools for longitudinal studies and other protocols that repeatedly assess white matter microstructure. C1 [Acheson, Ashley; Mathias, Charles W.; Dougherty, Donald M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Acheson, Ashley] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Res Imaging Inst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Wijtenburg, S. Andrea; Rowland, Laura M.; Hong, L. Elliot; Patel, Binish; Kochunov, Peter] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Maryland Psychiat Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Rowland, Laura M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Russell H Morgan Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Winkler, Anderson] Univ Oxford, Oxford Ctr Funct MRI Brain, Oxford, England. [Winkler, Anderson] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA. [Jahanshad, Neda; Thompson, Paul M.] USC, Keck Sch Med, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Imaging Genet Ctr, Marina Del Rey, CA USA. [McGuire, Stephen A.] Dept Neurol, 59th Med Wing, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Sherman, Paul M.] Dept Neuroradiol, 59th Med Wing, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Acheson, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Psychiat & Behav Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM awacheson@uams.edu FU NIDA; NIBIB; NIMH of the National Institutes of Health [R01DA026868, R01DA027680, R01DA033997, U01MH108148, R01EB015611, R01MH085646, P50MH103222, T32MH067533]; NIH Institutes [U54EB020403] FX Funding information NIDA; NIBIB; NIMH of the National Institutes of Health, Grant/Award Number: R01DA026868, R01DA027680, R01DA033997, U01MH108148, R01EB015611, R01MH085646, P50MH103222 and T32MH067533; NIH Institutes, Grant/ Award Number: U54EB020403 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 2162-3279 J9 BRAIN BEHAV JI Brain Behav. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 7 IS 2 AR e00615 DI 10.1002/brb3.615 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA EM9KR UT WOS:000395630900011 ER PT J AU Rankin, BA Richardson, DR Caswell, AW Naples, AG Hoke, JL Schauer, FR AF Rankin, Brent A. Richardson, Daniel R. Caswell, Andrew W. Naples, Andrew G. Hoke, John L. Schauer, Frederick R. TI Chemiluminescence imaging of an optically accessible non-premixed rotating detonation engine SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Rotating detonation engine; Chemiluminescence imaging ID CONTINUOUS-SPIN DETONATION; HYDROGEN-OXYGEN MIXTURES; CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; BEHAVIOR; WAVES; PERFORMANCE; PROPULSION; COMBUSTOR AB The detonations propagating through the annular channel of an optically accessible rotating detonation engine (RDE) operating on hydrogen-air are visualized using OH* chemiluminescence imaging. The images are useful for observing the instantaneous size and shape of the detonation structure, oblique shock wave, and possible presence of deflagration between the fuel-fill zone and expansion region containing detonation products. The detonation increases in height as the air flow rate is increased for low flow rates, experiences subtle changes for intermediate flow rates, and transitions from one to two waves for higher flow rates. The two detonation waves typically propagate in the same azimuthal direction. Counter-rotating waves resulting in detonation-detonation interactions are observed for some configurations with a reduced number of fuel injection jets. Time-dependent static pressure measurements show that acoustic interactions between the detonation channel and air plenum are important for low air flow rates and large air injection areas. The OH* chemiluminescence images, pressure, and wave speed measurements provide benchmark data that are useful for evaluating RDE models and simulations, improving fundamental understanding of the detonation structure in RDEs, and identifying critical design parameters that influence RDE operation and performance. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 [Rankin, Brent A.; Caswell, Andrew W.; Schauer, Frederick R.] Air Force Res Lab, 1790 Loop Rd, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Richardson, Daniel R.] Spectral Energies, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Naples, Andrew G.; Hoke, John L.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45459 USA. RP Rankin, BA (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, 1790 Loop Rd, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM brent.rankin.1@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) FX This work was funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). This research was performed while Brent Rankin held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Justin Goeffena, Amy Lynch, Curtis Rice, and Paul West for their contributions to this work. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2017 VL 176 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.09.020 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EM7ND UT WOS:000395497700002 ER PT J AU Hajilou, M Ombrello, T Won, SH Belmont, E AF Hajilou, Mohammadhadi Ombrello, Timothy Won, Sang Hee Belmont, Erica TI Experimental and numerical characterization of freely propagating ozone-activated dimethyl ether cool flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Cool flame; Freely propagating; Laminar flame; Low temperature oxidation; Negative temperature coefficient; Dimethyl ether ID COUNTERFLOW DIFFUSION FLAME; N-HEPTANE; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL-KINETICS; FLOW REACTOR; SHOCK-TUBE; IGNITION; OXIDATION; AUTOIGNITION; MIXTURES AB Experimental flame characterization is necessary for the development and validation of chemical kinetics models. Low temperature oxidation produces a cool flame, which is a combustion phenomenon resulting from negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior. Kinematic stabilization of premixed, freely propagating, ozone-activated, cool flames of dimethyl ether (DME) has been investigated at sub-atmospheric pressure of 7.3 kPa using a laminar flat flame Hencken burner. This platform permits estimation of laminar propagation speed, as well as spatially-resolved temperature and species mole fractions along the burner axis. Stability mapping for a range of equivalence ratios (phi) was performed to determine the range of ozone concentrations for which a cool flame can be sustained. Based on the results of stability mapping, an ozone concentration of 6.1% in oxygen was chosen to investigate the characteristics of DME cool flames over a range of equivalence ratios from phi = 0.4 to 1.4. Two distinct cool flame stabilization modes were observed in experiments: a burner-stabilized mode at low reactant flow rates, and a freely propagating mode at higher flow rates. From the transition between the two modes, cool flame propagation speeds from phi = 0.4 to 1.4 were determined. Flame temperatures were measured at these equivalence ratios, with maximum temperatures decreasing from 885 K at phi = 0.4 to 779 K at phi = 1.4. A single equivalence ratio of phi = 0.6 was chosen for detailed investigation of the flame structure, including spatial measurements of temperature and species as a function of height above the burner. Experimental results were compared to numerical simulations of a phi = 0.6 cool flame. Experimental propagation speed was found to be within 25% of the numerical value, and significant agreement between experimental and numerical species profiles was observed. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hajilou, Mohammadhadi; Belmont, Erica] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mech Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Ombrello, Timothy] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Won, Sang Hee] Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC USA. RP Belmont, E (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Mech Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM ebelmont@uwyo.edu FU Wyoming NASA Space Grant Consortium, NASA Grant [NNX15AI08H]; Agency for Defense Development of Korea [UD150039GD] FX This work was funded by Wyoming NASA Space Grant Consortium, NASA Grant #NNX15AI08H. Sang Hee Won was supported by the Agency for Defense Development of Korea under the Contract UD150039GD. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2017 VL 176 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.11.005 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EM7ND UT WOS:000395497700030 ER PT J AU Matthews, G Warm, JS Smith, AP AF Matthews, Gerald Warm, Joel S. Smith, Andrew P. TI Task Engagement and Attentional Resources: Multivariate Models for Individual Differences and Stress Factors in Vigilance SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE vigilance; fatigue; task engagement; cold infection; diagnostic monitoring ID VISUAL SUSTAINED ATTENTION; WORKING-MEMORY LOAD; COMMON COLD; SENSITIVITY DECREMENT; MULTIPLE RESOURCES; MENTAL WORKLOAD; PERFORMANCE; STATE; AVAILABILITY; EXTROVERSION AB Objective: Two studies tested multivariate models of relationships between subjective task engagement and vigilance. The second study included a stress factor (cold infection). Modeling tested relationships between latent factors for task engagement and vigilance, and the role of engagement in mediating effects of cold infection. Background: Raja Parasuraman's research on vigilance identified several key issues, including the roles of task factors, arousal processes, and individual differences, within the framework of resource theory. Task engagement is positively correlated with performance on various attentional tasks and may serve as a marker for resource availability. Method: In the first study, 229 participants performed simultaneous and successive vigilance tasks. In the second study, 204 participants performed a vigilance task and a variable-foreperiod simple reaction-time task on two separate days. On the second day, 96 participants performed while infected with a naturally occurring common cold. Task engagement was assessed in both studies. Results: In both studies, vigilance decrement in hit rate was observed, and task performance led to loss of task engagement. Cold infection also depressed both vigilance and engagement. Fitting structural equation models indicated that simultaneous and successive tasks should be represented by separate latent factors (Study 1), and task engagement fully mediated the impact of cold infection on vigilance but not reaction time (Study 2). Conclusions: Modeling individual differences in task engagement elucidates the role of resources in vigilance and underscores the relevance of Parasuraman's vision of the field. Application: Assessment of task engagement may support diagnostic monitoring of operators performing tasks requiring vigilance. C1 [Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, 3100 Technol Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Warm, Joel S.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Smith, Andrew P.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Psychol, Psychol, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. RP Matthews, G (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, 3100 Technol Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM gmatthews@ist.ucf.edu NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2017 VL 59 IS 1 BP 44 EP 61 DI 10.1177/0018720816673782 PG 18 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA EL6WG UT WOS:000394762500004 PM 28146681 ER PT J AU Funke, ME Warm, JS Matthews, G Funke, GJ Chiu, PY Shaw, TH Greenlee, ET AF Funke, Matthew E. Warm, Joel S. Matthews, Gerald Funke, Gregory J. Chiu, Peter Y. Shaw, Tyler H. Greenlee, Eric T. TI The Neuroergonomics of Vigilance: Effects of Spatial Uncertainty on Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity and Oculomotor Fatigue SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE neuroergonomics; vigilance; spatial uncertainty; cerebral hemovelocity; transcranial Doppler sonography; oculomotor fatigue ID TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; PERFORMANCE; TASK; HEMODYNAMICS; BRAIN; DECREMENT; WORK; MIND AB Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of uncertainty about where in the field of view critical signals for detection appear during a vigilance task (spatial uncertainty) on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and oculomotor fatigue. Background: Neuroergonomics is a dimension of human factors founded by Raja Parasuraman that studies brain functions underlying performance at work. Neuroergonomic studies have shown that observers in vigilance tasks lose information-processing resources over time and experience oculomotor fatigue as indexed by a temporal decline in CBFV and elevation in eye closure as reflected in the PERCLOS metric. Because spatial uncertainty increases an observer's need for visual scanning relative to a spatial certainty condition, it was anticipated that spatial uncertainty would result in a greater temporal decline in CBFV and increased eye closure in a vigilance session. Method: Observers performed a simulated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control task wherein collision flight paths were the events to be detected. UAV images could appear at random in any one of five locations on the controller's display (spatial uncertainty) or only in a fixed location (spatial certainty). Results: Signal detection was poorer in the spatial-uncertain relative to the certain condition, and predictions regarding CBFV and eye closure were confirmed. Conclusion: Vigilance tasks involving spatial uncertainty are more neurophysiologically taxing than those in which spatial uncertainty is not a factor. Application: The neuroergonomic approach helps in understanding the effects of psychophysical factors in vigilance and to signify when performance aiding is needed. C1 [Funke, Matthew E.] Naval Med Res Unit Dayton, 2624 Q St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Warm, Joel S.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Funke, Gregory J.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Chiu, Peter Y.] Univ Cincinnati, Psychol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shaw, Tyler H.] George Mason Univ, Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Greenlee, Eric T.] Texas Tech Univ, Psychol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Funke, ME (reprint author), Naval Med Res Unit Dayton, 2624 Q St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM matthew.funke.1@us.af.mil NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2017 VL 59 IS 1 BP 62 EP 75 DI 10.1177/0018720816683121 PG 14 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA EL6WG UT WOS:000394762500005 PM 28146671 ER PT J AU Patterson, RE AF Patterson, Robert Earl TI Intuitive Cognition and Models of Human-Automation Interaction SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE human-computer interaction; human reasoning; decision making; intuitive cognition ID WORKING-MEMORY PROCESSES; FUZZY-TRACE THEORY; DECISION-MAKING; IMPERFECT AUTOMATION; SITUATION AWARENESS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; DYNAMIC-SYSTEMS; SELECTION TASK; VERBAL REPORTS; JUDGMENT AB Objective: The aim of this study was to provide an analysis of the implications of the dominance of intuitive cognition in human reasoning and decision making for conceptualizing models and taxonomies of human-automation interaction, focusing on the Parasuraman et al. model and taxonomy. Background: Knowledge about how humans reason and make decisions, which has been shown to be largely intuitive, has implications for the design of future human-machine systems. Method: One hundred twenty articles and books cited in other works as well as those obtained from an Internet search were reviewed. Works were deemed eligible if they were published within the past 50 years and common to a given literature. Results: Analysis shows that intuitive cognition dominates human reasoning and decision making in all situations examined. The implications of the dominance of intuitive cognition for the Parasuraman et al. model and taxonomy are discussed. A taxonomy of human-automation interaction that incorporates intuitive cognition is suggested. Application: Understanding the ways in which human reasoning and decision making is intuitive can provide insight for future models and taxonomies of human-automation interaction. C1 [Patterson, Robert Earl] Air Force Res Lab, Human Analyst Augmentat Branch, Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Patterson, RE (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Human Analyst Augmentat Branch, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Robert.Patterson.22@us.af.mil NR 119 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2017 VL 59 IS 1 BP 101 EP 115 DI 10.1177/0018720816659796 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA EL6WG UT WOS:000394762500008 PM 28146682 ER PT J AU Petersen, CD Leve, F Kolmanovsky, I AF Petersen, Christopher D. Leve, Frederick Kolmanovsky, Ilya TI Model Predictive Control of an Underactuated Spacecraft with Two Reaction Wheels SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID ATTITUDE-CONTROL; STABILIZATION; SYSTEMS; CONTROLLABILITY; CONSTRAINTS; SATELLITE; ALGORITHM; STATE AB This paper presents an application of model predictive control to the attitude dynamics of an underactuated spacecraft with two reaction wheels and zero angular momentum. Such a system cannot be stabilized by any smooth or continuous time-invariant feedback law. However, model predictive control has a remarkable ability to generate control laws that are discontinuous in the state and, as such, can be applied to this problem. The model predictive control formulation is analyzed in depth and shown to produce an asymptotically stabilizing controller, which is discontinuous and enforces constraints. Simulations on the full nonlinear model demonstrate that model predictive control can successfully control the attitude of an underactuated spacecraft when the attitude maneuvers are sufficiently small. C1 [Petersen, Christopher D.; Kolmanovsky, Ilya] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Leve, Frederick] US Air Force Res Lab, Guidance Nav & Control Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Petersen, CD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 40 IS 2 BP 320 EP 332 DI 10.2514/1.G000320 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EM7TG UT WOS:000395514600011 ER PT J AU Gerlach, AR Doman, DB AF Gerlach, Adam R. Doman, David B. TI Analytical Solution for Optimal Drogue-to-Main Parachute Transition Altitude for Precision Ballistic Airdrops SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID BASIS FUNCTION NETWORKS; DESCENT RATE CONTROL; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; CIRCULAR PARACHUTE; APPROXIMATION AB During ballistic airdrops, a single discrete control input can be made during the descent of a bundle to counter the effects of unmodeled physics and disturbances that occur before the control event. This control event is the altitude at which the drogue-to-main parachute transition occurs. The ability to vary the transition altitude of a bundle can significantly reduce the miss distance of a bundle to an intended target. The state-of-the-art method for optimizing the transition altitude is computationally burdensome and nondeterministic in time. In this exposition, an analytical solution for optimizing the transition altitude that minimizes the miss distance of an airdropped bundle from a specified ground target is developed. The solution time is deterministic and small enough that it can be implemented in real time on an embedded computer located on the bundle itself. By pairing this bundle-mounted embedded computer with a Global Positioning System sensor, the optimal transition altitude can be recomputed during the descent based on real-time bundle location measurements. Unlike the state-of-the-art method, the proposed method is guaranteed to find the global optimal solution in deterministic time. Additionally, this method demonstrates over a 5000-time improvement in speed relative to the state of the art for an example scenario. C1 [Gerlach, Adam R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Power & Control Div, 2210 Eighth St,Room 300, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Doman, David B.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Power & Control Div, 2210 Eighth St,Room 302, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gerlach, AR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Power & Control Div, 2210 Eighth St,Room 300, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM adam.gerlach.1@us.af.mil; david.doman@us.af.mil NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 40 IS 2 BP 439 EP 452 DI 10.2514/1.G001824 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EM7TG UT WOS:000395514600019 ER PT J AU Rutledge, JL Polanka, MD Greiner, NJ AF Rutledge, James L. Polanka, Marc D. Greiner, Nathan J. TI Computational Fluid Dynamics Evaluations of Film Cooling Flow Scaling Between Engine and Experimental Conditions SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID HEAT-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; DENSITY RATIO AB The hostile turbine environment requires testing film cooling designs in wind tunnels that allow for appropriate instrumentation and optical access, but at temperatures much lower than in the hot section of an engine. Low-temperature experimental techniques may involve methods to elevate the coolant to freestream density ratio to match or approximately match engine conditions. These methods include the use of CO2 or cold air for the coolant while room temperature air is used for the freestream. However, the density is not the only fluid property to differ between typical wind tunnel experiments so uncertainty remains regarding which of these methods best provide scaled film cooling performance. Furthermore, matching of both the freestream and coolant Reynolds numbers is generally impossible when either mass flux ratio or momentum flux ratio is matched. A computational simulation of a film cooled leading edge geometry at hightemperature engine conditions was conducted to establish a baseline condition to be matched at simulated low-temperature experimental conditions with a 10x scale model. Matching was performed with three common coolants used in low-temperature film cooling experiments-room temperature air, CO2, and cold air. Results indicate that matched momentum flux ratio is the most appropriate for approximating adiabatic effectiveness for the case of room temperature air coolant, but matching the density ratio through either CO2 or cold coolant also has utility. Cold air was particularly beneficial, surpassing the ability of CO2 to match adiabatic effectiveness at the engine condition, even when CO2 perfectly matches the density ratio. C1 [Rutledge, James L.; Polanka, Marc D.; Greiner, Nathan J.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Rutledge, JL (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM james.rutledge@us.af.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0889-504X EI 1528-8900 J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2017 VL 139 IS 2 AR 021004 DI 10.1115/1.4034557 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EM7UX UT WOS:000395518900004 ER PT J AU Sangston, K Little, J Lyall, ME Sondergaard, R AF Sangston, Keith Little, Jesse Lyall, M. Eric Sondergaard, Rolf TI Effect of Blade Profile Contouring on Endwall Flow Structure in a High-Lift Low-Pressure Turbine Cascade SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY FLOWS; PREDICTION METHOD; LOSSES; DESIGN AB Previous work has shown that low-stagger contouring near the endwall of a nominally high-lift and high-stagger angle front-loaded low-pressure turbine (LPT) airfoil is successful in reducing endwall loss by limiting the development and migration of low momentum fluid associated with secondary flow structures. The design modification that leads to loss reduction in that study was determined from an intuitive approach based on the premise that reducing flow separation near the endwall will lead to reduced loss production. Those authors also relied heavily upon Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) based computational tools. Due to uncertainties inherent in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions, there is little confidence that the authors actually achieved true minimum loss. Despite recent advances in computing capability, turbulence modeling remains a shortcoming of modern design tools. As a contribution to overcoming this problem, this paper offers a three-dimensional (3D) view of the developing mean flow, total pressure, and turbulence fields that gave rise to the loss reduction of the airfoil mentioned above. Experiments are conducted in a linear cascade with aspect ratio of 3.5 and Re = 100,000. The results are derived from stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV) and total pressure measurements inside the passage. Overall, the loss reduction correlates strongly with reduced turbulence production. The aim of this paper is to provide readers with a realistic view of mean flow and turbulence development that include all the components of the Reynolds stress tensor to assess, at least qualitatively, the validity of high fidelity computational tools used to calculate turbine flows. C1 [Sangston, Keith; Little, Jesse] Univ Arizona, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lyall, M. Eric; Sondergaard, Rolf] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Little, J (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sangston@email.arizona.edu; jesselittle@email.arizona.edu; michael.lyall.3@us.af.mil; rolf.sondergaard@us.af.mil FU Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program FX The support of Jesse Little and Keith Sangston by the Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program during the PIV and total pressure measurement campaign is greatly appreciated. The assistance of Chris Marks during the data-processing phase is greatly appreciated. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0889-504X EI 1528-8900 J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2017 VL 139 IS 2 AR 021006 DI 10.1115/1.4034480 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EM7UX UT WOS:000395518900006 ER PT J AU Reshetnyak, VY Pinkevych, IP Urbas, AM Evans, DR AF Reshetnyak, V. Yu. Pinkevych, I. P. Urbas, A. M. Evans, D. R. TI Controlling hyperbolic metamaterials with a core-shell nanowire array [Invited] SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL DROPLET SYSTEMS; LIQUID-CRYSTAL; PLASMON POLARITONS; REFRACTION; PERMITTIVITY; SCATTERING; PHYSICS; INDEX; ANGLE AB We studied a system of a core-shell nanowire array in the liquid crystal (LC) matrix 5CB supposing that the nanowire shell permittivity is anisotropic with radially power-law dependent components. The nanowire core material is either silver or gold. We calculated the effective permittivity tensor of the core-shell nanowire array in the LC matrix, and show that the system under consideration can possess two hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) areas: where the real part of the effective permittivity component parallel to the nanowire is negative, and the real part of the effective permittivity component perpendicular to the nanowire is negative. Dependence of the frequency position for these areas on the core-shell nanowire parameters and the LC matrix orientational state is studied. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America C1 [Reshetnyak, V. Yu.; Pinkevych, I. P.] Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kyiv, Fac Phys, 60 Volodymyrska St, UA-01033 Kiev, Ukraine. [Urbas, A. M.; Evans, D. R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pinkevych, IP (reprint author), Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kyiv, Fac Phys, 60 Volodymyrska St, UA-01033 Kiev, Ukraine. EM ipinkevych@gmail.com RI Reshetnyak, Victor/B-6722-2008 OI Reshetnyak, Victor/0000-0003-0515-9814 FU European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (EOARD) [118007] FX European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (EOARD) (118007). NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD FEB 1 PY 2017 VL 7 IS 2 BP 542 EP 554 DI 10.1364/OME.7.000542 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EK8KS UT WOS:000394173200027 ER PT J AU Mailloux, LO Grimaila, MR Hodson, DD Engle, R McLaughlin, C Baumgartner, G AF Mailloux, Logan O. Grimaila, Michael R. Hodson, Douglas D. Engle, Ryan McLaughlin, Colin Baumgartner, Gerald TI Modeling, Simulation, and Performance Analysis of Decoy State Enabled Quantum Key Distribution Systems SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE quantum key distribution; decoy state protocol; photon number splitting attack; implementation security ID COMMUNICATION-NETWORK; SINGLE-PHOTON; CRYPTOGRAPHY; SECURITY; FIELD AB Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems exploit the laws of quantum mechanics to generate secure keying material for cryptographic purposes. To date, several commercially viable decoy state enabled QKD systems have been successfully demonstrated and show promise for high-security applications such as banking, government, and military environments. In this work, a detailed performance analysis of decoy state enabled QKD systems is conducted through model and simulation of several common decoy state configurations. The results of this study uniquely demonstrate that the decoy state protocol can ensure Photon Number Splitting (PNS) attacks are detected with high confidence, while maximizing the system's quantum throughput at no additional cost. Additionally, implementation security guidance is provided for QKD system developers and users. C1 [Mailloux, Logan O.; Grimaila, Michael R.; Hodson, Douglas D.; Engle, Ryan] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [McLaughlin, Colin] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Baumgartner, Gerald] Lab Telecommun Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Mailloux, LO (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM logan.mailloux@afit.edu; michael.grimaila@afit.edu; douglas.hodson@afit.edu; ryan.engle@afit.edu; colin.mclaughlin@nrl.navy.mil; gbaumgartner@ltsnet.net OI Mailloux, Logan/0000-0002-7034-8083 NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-3417 J9 APPL SCI-BASEL JI Appl. Sci.-Basel PD FEB PY 2017 VL 7 IS 2 AR 212 DI 10.3390/app7020212 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA EM7KC UT WOS:000395488900101 ER PT J AU Walsh, MM Gunzelmann, G Anderson, JR AF Walsh, Matthew M. Gunzelmann, Glenn Anderson, John R. TI Relationship of P3b single-trial latencies and response times in one, two, and three-stimulus oddball tasks SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE P300; EEG; Hidden semi-Markov models; Multi-voxel pattern analysis; N1 ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; TO-TARGET INTERVAL; MENTAL CHRONOMETRY; STIMULUS PARADIGM; PROCESSING STAGES; VISUAL-STIMULI; P300 LATENCY; ERP; DISCRIMINATION; COMPONENT AB The P300 is one of the most widely studied components of the human event-related potential. According to a longstanding view, the P300, and particularly its posterior subcomponent (i.e., the P3b), is driven by stimulus categorization. Whether the P3b relates to tactical processes involved in immediate responding or strategic processes that affect future behavior remains controversial, however. It is difficult to determine whether variability in P3b latencies relates to variability in response times because of limitations in the methods currently available to quantify the latency of the P3b during single trials. In this paper, we report results from the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), the Hitchcock Radar Task, and a 3-Stimulus Oddball Task. These represent variants of the one-, two-, and three-stimulus oddball paradigms commonly used to study the P3b. The PVT requires simple detection, whereas the Hitchcock Radar Task and the 3-Stimulus Task require detection and categorization. We apply a novel technique that combines hidden semi-Markov models and multi-voxel pattern analysis (HSMM-MVPA) to data from the three experiments. HSMM-MVPA revealed a processing stage in each task corresponding to the P3b. Trial-by trial variability in the latency of the processing stage correlated with response times in the Hitchcock Radar Task and the 3-Stimulus Task, but not the PVT. These results indicate that the P3b reflects a stimulus categorization process, and that its latency is strongly associated with response times when the stimulus must be categorized before responding. In addition to those theoretical insights, the ability to detect the onset of the P3b and other components on a single-trial basis using HSMM-MVPA opens the door for new uses of mental chronometry in cognitive neuroscience. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Walsh, Matthew M.] TiER1 Performance Solut, Covington, KY 41011 USA. [Gunzelmann, Glenn] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Anderson, John R.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Psychol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Walsh, MM (reprint author), TiER1 Performance Solut, Covington, KY 41011 USA. EM mmw188@gmail.com FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award; ONR [N00014-15-1-2151]; AFRL FX This research was performed while MMW held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award with the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Cognitive Models and Agents Branch. MMW was also supported by ONR grant N00014-15-1-2151. The authors thank AFRL for supporting this research. Special thanks to Ashley Chaffin and Rachel Boyd for their technical support in conducting this research, and Qiong Zhang for her comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The views expressed in this paper do not represent the official opinion of the United States government or the Air Force. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0511 EI 1873-6246 J9 BIOL PSYCHOL JI Biol. Psychol. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 123 BP 47 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.11.011 PG 15 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA EK6XC UT WOS:000394068300006 PM 27894839 ER PT J AU O'Rourke, CT Baker, GE AF O'Rourke, Colin T. Baker, G. Eli TI A Spectrogram-Based Method of Rg Detection for Explosion Monitoring SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-WAVES; QUARRY BLASTS; EARTHQUAKES; DISCRIMINATION; EVENTS AB The detection of the high-frequency fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave Rg is important for explosion monitoring efforts because it indicates a shallow source, which is most often man-made. We developed an automated Rg detector that successfully identifies Rg using the spectrogram of the seismic signal to find peaks in the characteristic Rg frequency band. We tested the detector using a network of over 200 seismometers in Wyoming, which recorded dozens of nearby coal-mining blasts and active-source tamped borehole shots. The detector finds peaks in the summed spectrogram amplitudes from 0.4 to 0.8 Hz for mining blasts and from 0.8 to 1.5 Hz for borehole shots. We achieved successful Rg detection of mining blasts across the entire array for the largest blasts, though smaller blasts had less success at distant stations, due to low signal amplitude. Similarly, Rg detection from borehole shots was successful at distances <50 km but was not common at farther stations. We then developed a method to estimate the probability that a null detection was indicative of a deep source and not an explosion with low signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we compared our method with an existing Rg detection method based on finding retrograde particle motion, typical of Rg, in signal coming from the known source-receiver back azimuth. In our application, the detector worked well for more distant stations but failed at stations within the same basin as the source, where Rg has prograde particle motion. The two detectors are fundamentally different; the new detector is easier to automate but depends on Rg having larger amplitude than the pre-Rg time window, whereas the existing detector triggers based on the particle motion and the direction of arrival, independent of the amplitude. The new method, perhaps in conjunction with the existing method, can offer increased monitoring capability and higher confidence when detecting Rg. C1 [O'Rourke, Colin T.; Baker, G. Eli] US Air Force, Res Lab, Nucl Explos Monitoring, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP O'Rourke, CT (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Nucl Explos Monitoring, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM colin.orourke@colorado.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1261681]; NSF [EAR-0843657, EAR-1157150, EAR-0844202]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) FX We thank Anne Sheehan, Eric Erslev, Megan Anderson, Christine Sid-doway, and Kate Miller for organizing and coordinating the Bighorn Arch Seismic Experiment (BASE) project, and all the other members and volunteers of the BASE team. Data from the Transportable Array (TA) network were made freely available as part of the EarthScope USArray facility, operated by Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) and supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), under Cooperative Agreement EAR-1261681. The work was supported by the NSF under Grants EAR-0843657, EAR-1157150, and EAR-0844202. This research was performed while the first author held a U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Research Associateship Award at Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), and through participation in the AFRL Summer Scholars Program. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 107 IS 1 BP 34 EP 42 DI 10.1785/0120160184 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EK5ZO UT WOS:000394004900003 ER PT J AU Jeon, HM Brockdorf, K Howe, BM Myers, J Mou, S Zhuang, Y AF Jeon, H. M. Brockdorf, K. Howe, B. M. Myers, J. Mou, S. Zhuang, Y. TI Propagation of Non-Reciprocal Magnetostatic Surface Wave in a 20-nm-Thick Single Crystalline Yttrium Iron Garnet Film SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Ferrites; non-reciprocal; RF; MSSWs; thin film ID SPIN-WAVES; THIN-FILMS; CONFINEMENT; SLAB AB Excitation of non-reciprocal magnetostatic surface wave (MSSW) has been studied in an ultra-thin yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film. The YIG films were grown on a gadolinium gallium garnet (111) substrate using pulsed laser deposition. The films exhibit an exceptional crystalline quality and an extremely low magnetic damping at radio frequency andmicrowave. Non-reciprocal MSSWs in a 20-nm-thick YIG film has been observed using a coupled coplanar waveguide structure with a shared common ground. Increase of the YIG film thickness to 190 nm, the non-reciprocity has been significantly enhanced, resulting in a maximum 10-dB amplitude gain and 55.5 degrees phase shift in 30-mT magnetic field between the MSSWs traveling in opposite directions. In the absence of magnetic field, the device shows a reduced amplitude gain of 2 dB and a phase shift of 15.8 degrees. These results can find broad applications in building self-biased spin-wave-based components in integrated signal processing and communication system. C1 [Jeon, H. M.; Brockdorf, K.; Myers, J.; Zhuang, Y.] Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Jeon, H. M.; Howe, B. M.; Mou, S.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zhuang, Y (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. EM yan.zhuang@wright.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-D-16-5404]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the AFRL Laboratory [14RX12COR] FX The work of H. M. Jeon and B. M. Howe was supported by Kenneth Goretta at AFOSR. This work was supported in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under Grant FA8650-D-16-5404, and in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the AFRL Laboratory under Grant 14RX12COR. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 38 IS 2 BP 262 EP 265 DI 10.1109/LED.2016.2638202 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA EM7DC UT WOS:000395470700029 ER PT J AU Haibach, JP Haibach, MA Hall, KS Masheb, RM Little, MA Shepardson, RL Dobmeyer, AC Funderburk, JS Hunter, CL Dundon, M Hausmann, LRM Trynosky, SK Goodrich, DE Kilbourne, AM Knight, SJ Talcott, GW Goldstein, MG AF Haibach, Jeffrey P. Haibach, Michael Ann Hall, Katherine S. Masheb, Robin M. Little, Melissa A. Shepardson, Robyn L. Dobmeyer, Anne C. Funderburk, Jennifer S. Hunter, Christopher L. Dundon, Margaret Hausmann, Leslie R. M. Trynosky, Stephen K. Goodrich, David E. Kilbourne, Amy M. Knight, Sara J. Talcott, Gerald W. Goldstein, Michael G. TI Military and veteran health behavior research and practice: challenges and opportunities SO JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Military; Veteran; Servicemember; Health behavior; Health promotion; Healthcare; Behavioral health ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS; DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; ACTIVE-DUTY MILITARY; US AIR-FORCE; WEIGHT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; ALCOHOL-RELATED OUTCOMES; BODY-MASS INDEX; PRIMARY-CARE AB There are 2.1 million current military servicemembers and 21 million living veterans in the United States. Although they were healthier upon entering military service compared to the general U.S. population, in the longer term veterans tend to be of equivalent or worse health than civilians. One primary explanation for the veterans' health disparity is poorer health behaviors during or after military service, especially areas of physical activity, nutrition, tobacco, and alcohol. In response, the Department of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs continue to develop, evaluate, and improve health promotion programs and healthcare services for military and veteran health behavior in an integrated approach. Future research and practice is needed to better understand and promote positive health behavior during key transition periods in the military and veteran life course. Also paramount is implementation and evaluation of existing interventions, programs, and policies across the population using an integrated and person centered approach. C1 [Haibach, Jeffrey P.; Kilbourne, Amy M.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, 810 Vermont Ave NW 10P9H, Washington, DC 20420 USA. [Haibach, Michael Ann] US Air Force, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Hall, Katherine S.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Hall, Katherine S.] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. [Masheb, Robin M.] VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, West Haven, CT USA. [Masheb, Robin M.] Yale Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Little, Melissa A.; Talcott, Gerald W.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ctr Populat Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Shepardson, Robyn L.; Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Syracuse VA Med Ctr, VA Ctr Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse, NY USA. [Shepardson, Robyn L.; Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY USA. [Dobmeyer, Anne C.] Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Dobmeyer, Anne C.] Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Def Ctr Traumat Brain Injury, Bethesda, MD USA. [Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Univ Rochester, Dept Psychiat, Rochester, NY USA. [Hunter, Christopher L.] Def Hlth Agcy, Patient Ctr Med Home Branch, Clin Support Div, Washington, DC USA. [Dundon, Margaret; Goldstein, Michael G.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Durham, NC USA. [Hausmann, Leslie R. M.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equity Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Hausmann, Leslie R. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Trynosky, Stephen K.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Acad Affiliat, Washington, DC USA. [Trynosky, Stephen K.] US Army Reserve, Med Serv Corps, Washington, DC USA. [Goodrich, David E.] VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ctr Clin Management Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Kilbourne, Amy M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Knight, Sara J.] Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Knight, Sara J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Haibach, JP (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, 810 Vermont Ave NW 10P9H, Washington, DC 20420 USA. EM Jeffrey.Haibach@va.gov; Michael.Glotfelter.1@us.af.mil; Katherine.Hall@duke.edu; Robin.Masheb@yale.edu; Mlittl18@uthsc.edu; Robyn.Shepardson@va.gov; Anne.C.Dobmeyer.mil@mail.mil; Jennifer.Funderburk@va.gov; Christopher.L.Hunter16.mil@mail.mil; Margaret.Dundon@va.gov; Leslie.Hausmann@va.gov; Steve.Trynosky@va.gov; David.Goodrich2@va.gov; Amy.Kilbourne@va.gov; Sara.Knight@va.gov; Wtalcott@uthsc.edu; Michael.Goldstein2@va.gov NR 168 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0160-7715 EI 1573-3521 J9 J BEHAV MED JI J. Behav. Med. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 40 IS 1 BP 175 EP 193 DI 10.1007/s10865-016-9794-y PG 19 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA EL0WK UT WOS:000394342300013 PM 27678001 ER PT J AU Haibach, JP Haibach, MA Hall, KS Masheb, RM Little, MA Shepardson, RL Dobmeyer, AC Funderburk, JS Hunter, CL Dundon, M Hausmann, LRM Trynosky, SK Goodrich, DE Kilbourne, AM Knight, SJ Talcott, GW Goldstein, M AF Haibach, Jeffrey P. Haibach, Michael Ann Hall, Katherine S. Masheb, Robin M. Little, Melissa A. Shepardson, Robyn L. Dobmeyer, Anne C. Funderburk, Jennifer S. Hunter, Christopher L. Dundon, Margaret Hausmann, Leslie R. M. Trynosky, Stephen K. Goodrich, David E. Kilbourne, Amy M. Knight, Sara J. Talcott, Gerald W. Goldstein, Michael TI Military and veteran health behavior research and practice: challenges and opportunities (vol 40, pg 175, 2017) SO JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Haibach, Jeffrey P.; Kilbourne, Amy M.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, 810 Vermont Ave NW 10P9H, Washington, DC 20420 USA. [Haibach, Michael Ann] US Air Force, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Hall, Katherine S.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Hall, Katherine S.] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. [Masheb, Robin M.] VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, West Haven, CT USA. [Masheb, Robin M.] Yale Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Little, Melissa A.; Talcott, Gerald W.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ctr Populat Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Shepardson, Robyn L.; Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Syracuse VA Med Ctr, VA Ctr Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse, NY USA. [Shepardson, Robyn L.; Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY USA. [Dobmeyer, Anne C.] Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Dobmeyer, Anne C.] Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Def Ctr Traumat Brain Injury, Bethesda, MD USA. [Funderburk, Jennifer S.] Univ Rochester, Dept Psychiat, Rochester, NY USA. [Hunter, Christopher L.] Def Hlth Agcy, Patient Ctr Med Home Branch, Clin Support Div, Washington, DC USA. [Dundon, Margaret; Goldstein, Michael] US Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Durham, NC USA. [Hausmann, Leslie R. M.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equity Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Hausmann, Leslie R. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Trynosky, Stephen K.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Acad Affiliat, Washington, DC USA. [Trynosky, Stephen K.] US Army Reserve, Med Serv Corps, Washington, DC USA. [Goodrich, David E.] VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ctr Clin Management Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Kilbourne, Amy M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Knight, Sara J.] Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Knight, Sara J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Haibach, JP (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, 810 Vermont Ave NW 10P9H, Washington, DC 20420 USA. EM Jeffrey.Haibach@va.gov; Michael.Glotfelter.1@us.af.mil; Katherine.Hall@duke.edu; Robin.Masheb@yale.edu; Mlittl18@uthsc.edu; Robyn.Shepardson@va.gov; Anne.C.Dobmeyer.mil@mail.mil; Jennifer.Funderburk@va.gov; Christopher.L.Hunter16.mil@mail.mil; Margaret.Dundon@va.gov; Leslie.Hausmann@va.gov; Steve.Trynosky@va.gov; David.Goodrich2@va.gov; Amy.Kilbourne@va.gov; Sara.Knight@va.gov; Wtalcott@uthsc.edu; Michael.Goldstein2@va.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0160-7715 EI 1573-3521 J9 J BEHAV MED JI J. Behav. Med. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 40 IS 1 BP 227 EP 228 DI 10.1007/s10865-016-9801-3 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA EL0WK UT WOS:000394342300017 PM 27757768 ER PT J AU Chou, CC Martin-Martinez, FJ Qin, Z Dennis, PB Gupta, MK Naik, RR Buehler, MJ AF Chou, Chia-Ching Martin-Martinez, Francisco J. Qin, Zhao Dennis, Patrick B. Gupta, Maneesh K. Naik, Rajesh R. Buehler, Markus J. TI Ion Effect and Metal-Coordinated Cross Linking for Multiscale Design of Nereis Jaw Inspired Mechanomutable Materials SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE Nvjp-1 protein; metal coordination; Nereis jaw; molecular dynamics; network model ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BINDING; PROTEIN; DENSITY; ZINC; COPPER(II); PROGRAM; WORM AB The Nvjp-1 protein is a key component in the jaws of Nereis virens, a species of marine worm. It contains over 25 mol % of histidine, which is believed to play a key role in the metal-coordinated cross-linking responsible for the structural stability and exceptional mechanical performance of the worm jaw. Understanding the nanoscale mechanism behind this cross-linking and its pathway in affecting the macroscopic mechanical behavior of the material is crucial to develop bioinspired mechanomutable materials based on Nvjp-1. Here, we use a combination of multiscale modeling and experimental synthesis to understand the behavior of this heterologous-expressed protein from the nano- to the macroscale. We have built a bottom up molecular-based model, which includes electronic-based density functional theory calculations, atomistic simulation of the nanoscale properties with replica exchange molecular dynamics, and an elastic network model for describing the macroscale behavior at different pHs. This multiscale modeling supports the experimental synthesis of a photo-cross-linked Nvjp-1 hydrogel by proving both the nanoscale mechanisms and mechanical behavior predictions. Our theoretical results agree well with the experimental observations, showing that Nvjp-1 forms a more compact structure in the presence of Zn2+ ions with a suitable pH environment, leading to the formation of more stable intramolecular metal-coordinated cross-links. These metal-coordinated cross-links induce nanoscale aggregation of Nvjp-1, which is responsible for the hydrogel contraction observed in experiments and predicted by the model. C1 [Chou, Chia-Ching; Martin-Martinez, Francisco J.; Qin, Zhao; Buehler, Markus J.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lab Atomist & Mol Mech, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dennis, Patrick B.; Gupta, Maneesh K.; Naik, Rajesh R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Buehler, MJ (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lab Atomist & Mol Mech, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mbuehler@mit.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0199]; [ACI-1053575] FX We acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-11-1-0199). P.B.D. is adjunct faculty at Wright State University, Dayton, OH. This work used the NSF Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment 16 (3) (XSEDE), which is supported by grant number ACI-1053575. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD FEB PY 2017 VL 11 IS 2 BP 1858 EP 1868 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b07878 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EM5NC UT WOS:000395357300079 PM 28165707 ER PT J AU Wu, YQ Hu, F Kumar, S Matyjas, JD Sun, QQ Zhu, YY AF Wu, Yeqing Hu, Fei Kumar, Sunil Matyjas, John D. Sun, Qingquan Zhu, Yingying TI Apprenticeship Learning Based Spectrum Decision in Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks with Multi-Beam Antennas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Spectrum decision; channel selection; wireless mesh networks (wmn); directional antennas; multi-beam; apprenticeship learning; reinforcement learning; multimedia transmission ID COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS; AD-HOC NETWORKS; DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS; ACCESS-CONTROL; SCHEME; OPTIMIZATION; MAC AB We propose a novel spectrum decision scheme (i.e., channel selection and handoff) for wireless mesh networks (WMN) which use multiple channels and nodes equipped with multi-beam directional antennas. Our scheme has the following features: (i) It performs spectrum decision by considering various WMN parameters, including the channel quality, beam orientation, antenna-caused deafness and capture effects, and application priority level. (ii) It uses the reinforcement learning (RL)-based spectrum decision process to achieve the optimal quality of multimedia transmission in the long term. However, a newly-joined WMN node could take a long time to make a correct spectrum decision due to the difficult choice of initial RL parameters. Therefore, our scheme uses the apprenticeship learning in conjunction with the RL model, to speed up the spectrum decision process by choosing a suitable neighboring node (called "expert") to teach a newly-joined node (called "apprentice"). Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed spectrum decision scheme improves the network performance and multimedia transmission quality. C1 [Wu, Yeqing; Hu, Fei] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Kumar, Sunil] San Diego State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Matyjas, John D.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Rome, NY 13441 USA. [Sun, Qingquan] Calif State Univ San Bernardino, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA. [Zhu, Yingying] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Wu, YQ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM ywu40@ua.edu; fei@eng.ua.edu; skumar@mail.sdsu.edu; john.matyjas@us.af.mil; quanqian12345@gmail.com; yzhu010@ucr.edu FU AFRL [FA8750-14-1-0075]; US Government's FX The authors acknowledge the US Government's support in the publication of this paper. This material is based upon work funded by AFRL, under AFRL Grant No. FA8750-14-1-0075. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of AFRL. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1536-1233 EI 1558-0660 J9 IEEE T MOBILE COMPUT JI IEEE. Trans. Mob. Comput. PD FEB 1 PY 2017 VL 16 IS 2 BP 314 EP 325 DI 10.1109/TMC.2016.2548461 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA EK3EG UT WOS:000393808500002 ER PT J AU Cox, B Juditsky, A Nemirovski, A AF Cox, Bruce Juditsky, Anatoli Nemirovski, Arkadi TI Decomposition Techniques for Bilinear Saddle Point Problems and Variational Inequalities with Affine Monotone Operators SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Decomposition techniques; Conditional gradients; Variational problems with affine monotone operator; Proximal algorithms ID COLONEL-BLOTTO; ALGORITHMS; GAMES AB The majority of first-order methods for large-scale convex-concave saddle point problems and variational inequalities with monotone operators are proximal algorithms. To make such an algorithm practical, the problem's domain should be proximal-friendly-admit a strongly convex function with easy to minimize linear perturbations. As a by-product, this domain admits a computationally cheap linear minimization oracle (LMO) capable to minimize linear forms. There are, however, important situations where a cheap LMO indeed is available, but the problem domain is not proximal-friendly, which motivates search for algorithms based solely on LMO. For smooth convex minimization, there exists a classical algorithm using LMO-conditional gradient. In contrast, known to us similar techniques for other problems with convex structure (nonsmooth convex minimization, convex-concave saddle point problems, even as simple as bilinear ones, and variational inequalities with monotone operators, even as simple as affine) are quite recent and utilize common approach based on Fenchel-type representations of the associated objectives/vector fields. The goal of this paper was to develop alternative (and seemingly much simpler) decomposition techniques based on LMO for bilinear saddle point problems and for variational inequalities with affine monotone operators. C1 [Cox, Bruce] US Air Force, Arlington, VA USA. [Juditsky, Anatoli] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LJK, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Nemirovski, Arkadi] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Juditsky, A (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, LJK, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. EM bruce.cox@usafa.af.mil; juditsky@imag.fr; nemirovs@isye.gatech.edu FU CNRS-Mastodons project Titan; LabEx PERSYVAL-Lab [ANR-11-LABX-0025]; NSF [CMMI-1232623, CCF-1415498, CMMI-1262063] FX A. Juditsky was supported by the CNRS-Mastodons project Titan, and the LabEx PERSYVAL-Lab (ANR-11-LABX-0025). Research of A. Nemirovski was supported by the NSF Grants CMMI-1232623, CCF-1415498, CMMI-1262063. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 172 IS 2 BP 402 EP 435 DI 10.1007/s10957-016-0949-3 PG 34 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA EK9TK UT WOS:000394266600004 ER PT J AU Wier, GS Tree, R Nusr, R AF Wier, Grady S. Tree, Rebekah Nusr, Rasha TI Training Effectiveness of a Wide Area Virtual Environment in Medical Simulation SO SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE-JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE LA English DT Article DE Virtual environment; TeamSTEPPS; Air Force Medical Modeling and Simulation Training; DoD; Medical Readiness Training Center; expeditionary medical support; predeployment; training effectiveness; realism; immersive environment ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; PATIENT SIMULATORS; PSYCHOMOTOR-SKILLS; EDUCATION; PERFORMANCE; EMERGENCY; IMPROVE; METAANALYSIS; TECHNOLOGY; QUALITY AB Introduction: The success of war fighters and medical personnel handling traumatic injuries largely depends on the quality of training they receive before deployment. The purpose of this study was to gauge the utility of a Wide Area Virtual Environment (WAVE) as a training adjunct by comparing and evaluating student performance, measuring sense of realism, and assessing the impact on student satisfaction with their training exposure in an immersive versus a field environment. Methods: This comparative prospective cohort study examined the utility of a three-screen WAVE where subjects were immersed in the training environment with medical simulators. Standard field training commenced for the control group subjects. Medical skills, time to completion, and Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety objective metrics were assessed for each team (n = 94). In addition, self-efficacy questionnaires were collected for each subject (N = 470). Results: Medical teams received poorer overall teamscores (F-1,F-186 = 0.756, P = 0.001), took longer to complete the scenario (F-1,F-186 = 25.15, P = 0.001), and scored lower on The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians trauma assessment checklist (F-1,F-186 = 1.13, P = 0.000) in the WAVE versus the field environment. Critical thinking and realism factors within the self-efficacy questionnaires scored higher in the WAVE versus the field [(F-1,F-466 = 8.04, P = 0.005), (F-1,F-465 = 18.57, P = 0.000), and (F-1,F-466 = 53.24, P = 0.000), respectively]. Conclusions: Environmental and emotional stressors may negatively affect critical thinking and clinical skill performance of medical teams. However, by introducing more advanced simulation trainings with added stressors, students may be able to adapt and overcome barriers to performance found in high-stress environments. C1 [Wier, Grady S.] Axiom Resource Management Inc, Falls Church, VA USA. [Tree, Rebekah] Air Force Med Operat Agcy, Air Force Med Serv Analyt, San Antonio, TX USA. [Tree, Rebekah] TX DCS Corp, Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Tree, Rebekah] Minist Publ Hlth Doha, Doha, Qatar. RP Wier, GS (reprint author), US Air Force, Air Force Med Serv Analyt, 3515 S Gen McMullen Dr,Bldg 1, San Antonio, TX 78226 USA. EM grady.wier.ctr@us.af.mil FU Defense Health Program 6.7 FX Supported by the Defense Health Program 6.7 via a government grant directly to another government institution (Air Force Medical Modeling and Simulation Training). The approximate amount funded was US $610,000. The authors were employed as government contractors by either ICF International or Engineering and Computer Simulations during the duration of this study. No other relevant financial information to disclose. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1559-2332 EI 1559-713X J9 SIMUL HEALTHC JI Simul. Healthc. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 12 IS 1 BP 28 EP 40 DI 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000207 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA EK5DS UT WOS:000393947700005 PM 28146451 ER PT J AU Davis, BS Cretcher, MR Gover, DD Thoreson, AA AF Davis, Brady S. Cretcher, Max R. Gover, David D. Thoreson, Andrew A. TI Arch of the Azygos Vein Varix: A Source of Pulmonary Emboli Excluded with AMPLATZER Plug Occlusion SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Davis, Brady S.; Gover, David D.; Thoreson, Andrew A.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. [Cretcher, Max R.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Davis, BS (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM brady.davis@icloud.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1051-0443 EI 1535-7732 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 28 IS 2 BP 186 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.10.005 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EJ9JU UT WOS:000393543200004 PM 28110757 ER PT J AU Lyon, MRF AF Lyon, Maj Regan F. TI Take My Breath Away SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lyon, Maj Regan F.] United States Air Force, Emergency Dept, Osan Air Base, South Korea. RP Lyon, MRF (reprint author), United States Air Force, Emergency Dept, Osan Air Base, South Korea. EM regan.lyon@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 69 IS 2 BP 253 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.07.006 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA EJ9FV UT WOS:000393532900019 ER PT J AU Diebold, AV Watson, AM Holcomb, S Tabor, C Mast, D Dickey, MD Heikenfeld, J AF Diebold, A. V. Watson, A. M. Holcomb, S. Tabor, C. Mast, D. Dickey, M. D. Heikenfeld, J. TI Electrowetting-actuated liquid metal for RF applications SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE liquid metal; electrowetting; radio frequency; microfluidics; reconfigurable electronics ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SURFACE-TENSION; GALLIUM; OXIDE; ANTENNA; ALLOY; DROPLETS; INDIUM; VAPOR; FILMS AB Electrowetting is well-established as a fluid manipulation technique in such areas as lab-on-a-chip, visible light optics, and displays, yet has seen far less implementation in the field of radio-frequency (RF) electronics and electromagnetics. This is primarily due to a lack of appropriate materials selection and control in these devices. Low loss RF conductive fluids such as room temperature liquid metals (i.e. Hg, EGaIn, Galinstan) are by far the leading choice of active material due to their superior electrical properties but require high actuating voltages due to their inherently high surface tensions (> 400 mN m(-1)) which often lead to dielectric breakdown. While the toxicity of Hg encourages the pursuit of non-toxic alternatives such as gallium alloys, the native surface oxide formation often prohibits reliable device functionality. Additionally, traditional electrowetting architectures rely on lossy electrode materials which degrade RF transmission efficiencies and result in non-reversible material diffusion at the electrode/liquid metal contact. In this work, we report on approaches to utilize liquid metals in electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) devices that resolve all of these challenges by judicious choice of novel electrode materials, dielectric fluid, and device architecture. A functional RF device, namely an electromagnetic polarizer, is demonstrated that can be activated on demand through EWOD and provides an average signal attenuation of 12.91 dB in the on state and 1.46 dB in the off state over the range of 8-9.2 GHz, with a switching speed of about 12 ms. These results can be further extended to other RF applications such as tunable antennas, transmission lines, and switchable metasurfaces. C1 [Diebold, A. V.; Holcomb, S.; Mast, D.; Heikenfeld, J.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Elect & Comp Syst, Novel Devices Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Watson, A. M.; Tabor, C.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Dickey, M. D.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mast, D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Diebold, A. V.] Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pratt Sch Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Heikenfeld, J (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Elect & Comp Syst, Novel Devices Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM heikenjc@ucmail.uc.edu NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 EI 1361-6439 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 27 IS 2 AR 025010 DI 10.1088/1361-6439/aa556a PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA EK2VN UT WOS:000393784900001 ER PT J AU Hussein, AM Rao, SI Uchic, MD Parthasarathy, TA El-Awady, JA AF Hussein, Ahmed M. Rao, Satish I. Uchic, Michael D. Parthasarathy, Triplicane A. El-Awady, Jaafar A. TI The strength and dislocation microstructure evolution in superalloy microcrystals SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Superalloys; Dislocation microstructure evolution; Anti-phase boundary; Intrinsic size effects; Dislocation dynamics ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS; PRECIPITATION-HARDENED MATERIALS; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CROSS-SLIP; ALLOYS; GLIDE; MECHANISMS; DEPENDENCE; STRESS AB In this work, the evolution of the dislocations microstructure in single crystal two-phase superalloy microcrystals under monotonic loading has been studied using the three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) method. The DDD framework has been extended to properly handle the collective behavior of dislocations and their interactions with large collections of arbitrary shaped precipitates. Few constraints are imposed on the initial distribution of the dislocations or the precipitates, and the extended DDD framework can support experimentally-obtained precipitate geometries. Full tracking of the creation and destruction of anti-phase boundaries (APB) is accounted for. The effects of the precipitate volume fraction, APB energy, precipitate size, and crystal size on the deformation of superalloy microcrystals have been quantified. Correlations between the precipitate microstructure and the dominant deformation features, such as dislocation looping versus precipitate shearing, are also discussed. It is shown that the mechanical strength is independent of the crystal size, increases linearly with increasing the volume fraction, follows a near square-root relationship with the APB energy and an inverse square-root relationship with the precipitate size. Finally, the flow strength in simulations having initial dislocation pair sources show a flow strength that is about one half of that predicted from simulations starting with single dislocation sources. The method developed can be used, with minimal extensions, to simulate dislocation microstructure evolution in general multiphase materials. C1 [Hussein, Ahmed M.; El-Awady, Jaafar A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Whiting Sch Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hussein, Ahmed M.; Uchic, Michael D.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rao, Satish I.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Engn Mech, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.] UES Inc, Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Hussein, AM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Whiting Sch Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ahussei4@jhu.edu; jelawady@jhu.edu OI El-Awady, Jaafar/0000-0002-5715-2481 FU DARPA [N6600112-14229]; Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. FX This research was sponsored by DARPA contract number N6600112-14229. MDU acknowledges support from the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD FEB PY 2017 VL 99 BP 146 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2016.11.014 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA EJ5ET UT WOS:000393241100008 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Varshney, V Lee, J Pang, YS Roy, AK Luo, TF AF Wu, Xufei Varshney, Vikas Lee, Jonghoon Pang, Yunsong Roy, Ajit K. Luo, Tengfei TI How to characterize thermal transport capability of 2D materials fairly? - Sheet thermal conductance and the choice of thickness SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LAYER GRAPHENE; PENTA-GRAPHENE; PHONON TRANSPORT; HEAT-TRANSPORT; CONDUCTIVITY; ANISOTROPY; JUNCTIONS; LEADS; MOS2 AB Thermal transport capability of monolayer 2D materials has been under constant spotlight. However, different definitions of thickness in literature have led to ambiguity towards predicting thermal conductivity values and thus in understanding the heat transfer capability of different monolayer 2D materials. We argue that the same thickness should be used and a 'sheet thermal conductance' should be defined as an intensive 2D material property when characterizing the heat transfer capability of 2D materials. When converting literature thermal conductivity values of monolayer materials to this new property, some new features that were not displayed when using different thicknesses show up. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Xufei; Pang, Yunsong; Luo, Tengfei] Univ Notre Dame, Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Varshney, Vikas; Lee, Jonghoon; Roy, Ajit K.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Varshney, Vikas; Lee, Jonghoon] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45342 USA. [Luo, Tengfei] Ctr Sustainable Energy Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Luo, TF (reprint author), 371 Fitzpatrick Hall Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM tluo@nd.edu FU NSF [1433490]; Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship FX X.W. and T.L. thanks the support by NSF (1433490). T.L. thanks the support from the Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 669 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.054 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EI8RJ UT WOS:000392774900038 ER PT J AU Frieder, RE Basik, KJ AF Frieder, Rachel E. Basik, Kevin J. TI Political Skill, Behavioral Integrity, and Work Outcomes: Test of a Multistage Model SO JOURNAL OF LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATIONAL STUDIES LA English DT Article DE political skill; behavioral integrity; trust; effort; performance ID LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE; JOB-PERFORMANCE; UNCERTAINTY MANAGEMENT; SOCIOANALYTIC THEORY; EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES; CAREER SUCCESS; MEDIATING ROLE; TRUST; CONSEQUENCES; PERSPECTIVE AB This research examines the relationship of leader political skill to subordinate effectiveness through subordinates' perceptions of leaders' behavioral integrity, trust in leader, and subsequent work effort. Results among a sample of enlisted military cadets provided support for the majority of study hypotheses. Specifically, subordinates' perceptions of behavioral integrity mediated the relationship between leader political skill and trust; moreover, while subordinates' trust in their leader was not significantly related to their work effort, work effort was significantly related to objective performance. Our contributions to the political skill and behavioral integrity literatures are discussed in light of this study's noteworthy strengths and limitations. C1 [Frieder, Rachel E.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Basik, Kevin J.] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Frieder, RE (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Strome Coll Business, Dept Management, 2171 Constant Hall, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rfrieder@odu.edu NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1548-0518 EI 1939-7089 J9 J LEADERSH ORG STUD JI J. Leadersh. Organ. Stud. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 24 IS 1 SI SI BP 65 EP 82 DI 10.1177/1548051816658247 PG 18 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA EJ0FI UT WOS:000392883600005 ER PT J AU Wecker, MSA Beaton, SE Chado, RA Ghirardi, ML AF Wecker, Matt S. A. Beaton, Stephen E. Chado, Robert A. Ghirardi, Maria L. TI Development of a Rhodobacter capsulatus self-reporting model system for optimizing light-dependent, [FeFe]-hydrogenase-driven H-2 production SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE R; capsulatus H-2 sensor; high-throughput screening; photobiohydrogen; nitrogenase; H-2 production ID BACTERIUM RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-CAPSULATA; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; GENE-EXPRESSION; NITROGENASE; FERREDOXIN; MATURATION; EVOLUTION; CULTURES; PHOTOPRODUCTION AB The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus normally photoproduces H-2 as a by-product of its nitrogenase-catalyzed nitrogen-fixing activity. Such H-2 production, however, is expensive from a metabolic perspective, requiring nearly four times as many photons as the equivalent algal hydrogenase-based system (Ghirardi et al., 2009 Photobiological hydrogen-producing systems. Chem Soc Rev 38(1):52-61). Here, we report the insertion of a Clostridium acetobutylicum [FeFe]-hydrogenase and its three attendant hydrogenase assembly proteins into an R. capsulatus strain lacking its native uptake hydrogenase. Further, this strain is modified to fluoresce upon sensing H-2. The resulting strain photoproduces H-2 and self-reports its own H-2 production through fluorescence. This model system represents a unique method of developing hydrogenase-based H-2 production in R. capsulatus, may serve as a powerful system for in vivo directed evolution of hydrogenases and hydrogenase-associated genes, and provides a means of screening for increased metabolic production of H-2. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 291-297. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Wecker, Matt S. A.] GeneBiologics LLC, Boulder, CO USA. [Beaton, Stephen E.; Chado, Robert A.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Ghirardi, Maria L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, MS 3313,15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM maria.ghirardi@nrel.gov FU Department of Energy; Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC36-08GC28308z] FX Contract grant sponsor: Department of Energy; Contract grant sponsor: Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; Contract grant number: DE-AC36-08GC28308z NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 EI 1097-0290 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 114 IS 2 BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.1002/bit.26076 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EI5MU UT WOS:000392539800004 PM 27531314 ER PT J AU Turner, TJ Shade, PA Bernier, JV Li, SF Schuren, JC Kenesei, P Suter, RM Almer, J AF Turner, Todd J. Shade, Paul A. Bernier, Joel V. Li, Shiu Fai Schuren, Jay C. Kenesei, Peter Suter, Robert M. Almer, Jonathan TI Crystal Plasticity Model Validation Using Combined High-Energy Diffraction Microscopy Data for a Ti-7Al Specimen SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CHANNEL DIE COMPRESSION; POLYCRYSTAL PLASTICITY; MICROMECHANICAL FIELDS; LOCALIZED DEFORMATION; ALPHA-TITANIUM; SINGLE-GRAIN; ORIENTATION; TEXTURE; SIMULATIONS AB High-Energy Diffraction Microscopy (HEDM) is a 3-d X-ray characterization method that is uniquely suited to measuring the evolving micro-mechanical state and microstructure of polycrystalline materials during in situ processing. The near-field and far-field configurations provide complementary information; orientation maps computed from the near-field measurements provide grain morphologies, while the high angular resolution of the far-field measurements provides intergranular strain tensors. The ability to measure these data during deformation in situ makes HEDM an ideal tool for validating micro-mechanical deformation models that make their predictions at the scale of individual grains. Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Models (CPFEM) are one such class of micro-mechanical models. While there have been extensive studies validating homogenized CPFEM response at a macroscopic level, a lack of detailed data measured at the level of the microstructure has hindered more stringent model validation efforts. We utilize an HEDM dataset from an alpha-titanium alloy (Ti-7Al), collected at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, under in situ tensile deformation. The initial microstructure of the central slab of the gage section, measured via near-field HEDM, is used to inform a CPFEM model. The predicted intergranular stresses for 39 internal grains are then directly compared to data from 4 far-field measurements taken between similar to 4 and similar to 80 pct of the macroscopic yield strength. The evolution of the elastic strain state from the CPFEM model and far-field HEDM measurements up to incipient yield are shown to be in good agreement, while residual stress at the individual grain level is found to influence the intergranular stress state even upon loading. Implications for application of such an integrated computational/experimental approach to phenomena such as fatigue are discussed. C1 [Turner, Todd J.; Shade, Paul A.; Schuren, Jay C.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Bernier, Joel V.; Li, Shiu Fai] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Schuren, Jay C.] Nutonian Inc, Somerville, MA 02144 USA. [Kenesei, Peter; Almer, Jonathan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Suter, Robert M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Shade, PA (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Paul.Shade.1@us.af.mil RI Shade, Paul/H-6459-2011 FU Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory; U.S. DOE [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX The authors would like to thank the staff of the APS-1-ID-E beamline for the incredible experimental support. In addition, we would like to thank Dr. Nathan Barton (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory). Dr. Barton is the Leonardo DiCaprio of the Crystal Plasticity field-often turning in great performances yet seldom recognized. The authors also acknowledge support from the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 48A IS 2 BP 627 EP 647 DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3868-x PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EI2CL UT WOS:000392294000011 ER PT J AU Hartl, DJ Frank, GJ Huff, GH Baur, JW AF Hartl, D. J. Frank, G. J. Huff, G. H. Baur, J. W. TI A liquid metal-based structurally embedded vascular antenna: I. Concept and multiphysical modeling SO SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE liquid metal; multifunctional composite; antenna; microvascular; composites; aerospace ID REINFORCED COMPOSITES; POLYMERS; GALLIUM; DAMAGE; MICROCHANNELS; PERFORMANCE; ALLOY AB This work proposes a new concept for a reconfigurable structurally embedded vascular antenna (SEVA). The work builds on ongoing research of structurally embedded microvascular systems in laminated structures for thermal transport and self-healing and on studies of non-toxic liquid metals for reconfigurable electronics. In the example design, liquid metal-filled channels in a laminated composite act as radiating elements for a high-power planar zig-zag wire log periodic dipole antenna. Flow of liquid metal through the channels is used to limit the temperature of the composite in which the antenna is embedded. A multiphysics engineering model of the transmitting antenna is formulated that couples the electromagnetic, fluid, thermal, and mechanical responses. In part 1 of this two-part work, it is shown that the liquid metal antenna is highly reconfigurable in terms of its electromagnetic response and that dissipated thermal energy generated during high power operation can be offset by the action of circulating or cyclically replacing the liquid metal such that heat is continuously removed from the system. In fact, the SEVA can potentially outperform traditional copper-based antennas in high-power operational configurations. The coupled engineering model is implemented in an automated framework and a design of experiment study is performed to quantify first-order design trade-offs in this multifunctional structure. More rigorous design optimization is addressed in part 2. C1 [Hartl, D. J.; Frank, G. J.; Baur, J. W.] US Air Force, Res Lab, RXCC, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hartl, D. J.] Univ Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Frank, G. J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Huff, G. H.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Baur, JW (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, RXCC, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jeffery.baur@us.af.mil FU Commander Research and Development Fund of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Commander Research and Development Fund of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory. Special thanks to Dan McCray for providing Astroquartz material properties based on in-house mechanical testing data. The efforts of Robyn Bradford (University of Dayton Research Institute) and Hong Pan and Lisa Smith (Texas A&M University) in fabricating and testing the prototype of section 4.3 is appreciated. This document has been approved for public release by the United States Air Force (Case Number 88ABW-2016-3587). NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 EI 1361-665X J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 26 IS 2 AR 025001 DI 10.1088/1361-665X/aa5142 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA EH7QG UT WOS:000391967000001 ER PT J AU Hartl, DJ Frank, GJ Malak, RJ Baur, JW AF Hartl, D. J. Frank, G. J. Malak, R. J. Baur, J. W. TI A liquid metal-based structurally embedded vascular antenna: II. Multiobjective and parameterized design exploration SO SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE liquid metal; multifunctional composite; antenna; aerospace; composites; optimization ID RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; POLYMERS; SURFACES; ALLOY AB Research on the structurally embedded vascular antenna concept leverages past efforts on liquid metal (LM) reconfigurable electronics, microvascular composites, and structurally integrated and reconfigurable antennas. Such a concept has potential for reducing system weight or volume while simultaneously allowing in situ adjustment of resonant frequencies and/or changes in antenna directivity. This work considers a microvascular pattern embedded in a laminated composite and filled with LM. The conductive liquid provides radio frequency (RF) functionality while also allowing self-cooling. Models describing RF propagation and heat transfer, in addition to the structural effects of both the inclusion of channels and changes in temperature, were described in part. 1 of this two-part work. In this part. 2, the engineering models developed and demonstrated in part. 1 toward the initial exploration of design trends are implemented into multiple optimization frameworks for more detailed design studies, one of which being novel and particularly applicable to this class of problem. The computational expense associated with the coupled multiphysical analysis of the structurally embedded LM transmitting antenna motivates the consideration of surrogate-based optimization methods. Both static and adaptive approaches are explored; it is shown that iteratively correcting the surrogate leads to more accurate optimized design predictions. The expected strong dependence of antenna performance on thermal environment motivates the consideration of a novel 'parameterized' optimization approach that simultaneously calculates whole families of optimal designs based on changes in design or operational variables generally beyond the control of the designer. The change in Pareto-optimal response with evolution in operating conditions is clearly demonstrated. C1 [Hartl, D. J.; Frank, G. J.; Baur, J. W.] US Air Force, Res Lab, RXCC, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hartl, D. J.] Univ Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Frank, G. J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Malak, R. J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Baur, JW (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, RXCC, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jeffery.baur@us.af.mil FU Commander Research and Development Fund of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Commander Research and Development Fund of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory. The assistance of E Galvan in the implementation and utilization of the P3GA algorithm [36, 37] is greatly appreciated. This document has been approved for public release by the United States Air Force (Case Number 88ABW-2016-3586). NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 EI 1361-665X J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD FEB PY 2017 VL 26 IS 2 AR 025002 DI 10.1088/1361-665X/aa513d PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA EH7QG UT WOS:000391967000002 ER PT J AU Basun, SA Halliburton, LE Evans, DR AF Basun, S. A. Halliburton, L. E. Evans, D. R. TI Hyperbolic decay of photo-created Sb2+ ions in Sn2P2S6:Sb crystals detected with electron paramagnetic resonance SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB In this paper, we employed a method that overcomes the known limitations of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to monitor charge trap dynamics over a broad temperature range not normally accessible due to the lifetime broadening of the EPR lines at higher temperatures. This was achieved by measuring the decay of the EPR intensity after thermal annealing by rapid cycling back to low temperatures for the EPR measurement. This technique was used to experimentally demonstrate interesting physics in the form of a direct measurement of the hyperbolic decay 1/(1+t) of a charge trap population, which previously was only considered theoretically. The nontrivial effects of bimolecular recombination are demonstrated in the Sn2S2P6:Sb crystals, providing an explanation of the optical sensitization process observed in photorefractive Sn2P2S6:Sb used for dynamic holography. C1 [Basun, S. A.; Evans, D. R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Basun, S. A.; Halliburton, L. E.] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Halliburton, L. E.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Basun, SA (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Basun, SA (reprint author), Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 30 PY 2017 VL 110 IS 5 AR 052903 DI 10.1063/1.4975684 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EK6TS UT WOS:000394057600025 ER PT J AU Ferreiro, JOM Diaz-Droguett, DE Celentano, D Reparaz, JS Torres, CMS Ganguli, S Luo, T AF Morales Ferreiro, J. O. Diaz-Droguett, D. E. Celentano, D. Reparaz, J. S. Sotomayor Torres, C. M. Ganguli, S. Luo, T. TI Effect of the annealing on the power factor of un-doped cold-pressed SnSe SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Figure-of-merit ZT; Seebeck coefficient; Electrical conductivity; Thermal conductivity; XRD; SEM ID PERFORMANCE BULK THERMOELECTRICS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; POLYCRYSTALLINE SNSE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; EFFICIENCY; FIGURE; MERIT; PBTE; ENHANCEMENT; GENERATION AB Tin Selenide (SnSe), a thermoelectric material of the chalcogenide family, has attracted tremendous interest in the past few years due to its unprecedented thermoelectric figure-of-merit, ZT, of 2.6. In this work we have carried out an experimental study of the impact of annealing on the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline SnSe formed by cold-pressing un-doped SnSe powders with a Hall carrier concentration of 5.37 x 10(17) cm(-3). The crystalline structure and morphology of the samples are characterized and properties, including electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity, are measured. It is found that thermal annealing has a large impact on both the microstructure and the thermoelectric properties. Notably, annealing leads to re-alignment of crystalline domains, increase in Seebeck coefficient by a factor of as much as 3, and increase in the electrical conductivity. A peak ZT of 0.11 was achieved at 772 K which is smaller than un-doped polycrystalline SnSe. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morales Ferreiro, J. O.; Luo, T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Diaz-Droguett, D. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Morales Ferreiro, J. O.; Celentano, D.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Ingn Mecan, Santiago, Chile. [Morales Ferreiro, J. O.] Univ Diego Portales, Sch Ind Engn, Santiago, Chile. [Reparaz, J. S.; Sotomayor Torres, C. M.] CSIC, Catalan Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol ICN2, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Reparaz, J. S.; Sotomayor Torres, C. M.] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Sotomayor Torres, C. M.] ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain. [Diaz-Droguett, D. E.; Celentano, D.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Invest Nanotecnol & Mat Avanzados CIEN UC, Santiago, Chile. [Ganguli, S.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Luo, T.] Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Sustainable Energy Notre Dame cSEND, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Diaz-Droguett, DE (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Fis, Santiago, Chile. EM jferrei2@nd.edu; dodiaz@fis.puc.cl; dcelentano@ing.puc.cl; sebas.reparaz@icn.cat; clivia.sotomayor@icn2.cat; sabyasachi.ganguli.2@us.af.mil; tluo@nd.edu FU Semilla project; Spanish MINECO project nanoTHERM [CSD 2010-0044] FX We wish to thank: Universidad Diego Portales, through the support of the Semilla project, JSR and CMST through the support of the Spanish MINECO project nanoTHERM (Grant No. CSD 2010-0044), the ICN2 - Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia, the Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department at University of Notre Dame, the Physics Institute and Engineering School of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, and finally to the Research Center on Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, CIEN-UC. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD JAN 25 PY 2017 VL 111 BP 1426 EP 1432 DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.198 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA EH6PU UT WOS:000391897200138 ER PT J AU Halls, BR Radke, CD Reuter, BJ Kastengren, AL Gord, JR Meyer, TR AF Halls, Benjamin R. Radke, Christopher D. Reuter, Benjamin J. Kastengren, Alan L. Gord, James R. Meyer, Terrence R. TI High-speed, two-dimensional synchrotron white-beam x-ray radiography of spray breakup and atomization SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID DENSE SPRAYS; FUEL SPRAYS; STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION; ATOMIZING SPRAYS; FLUID-DYNAMICS; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLUORESCENCE; JET; LIGHT; SHADOWGRAPHY AB High-speed, two-dimensional synchrotron x-ray radiography and phase-contrast imaging are demonstrated in propulsion sprays. Measurements are performed at the 7-BM beamline at the Advanced Photon Source user facility at Argonne National Laboratory using a recently developed broadband x-ray white beam. This novel enhancement allows for high speed, high fidelity x-ray imaging for the community at large. Quantitative path-integrated liquid distributions and spatio-temporal dynamics of the sprays were imaged with a LuAG:Ce scintillator optically coupled to a high-speed CMOS camera. Images are collected with a microscope objective at frame rates of 20 kHz and with a macro lens at 120 kHz, achieving spatial resolutions of 12 mu m and 65 mu m, respectively. Imaging with and without potassium iodide (KI) as a contrast-enhancing agent is compared, and the effects of broadband attenuation and spatial beam characteristics are determined through modeling and experimental calibration. In addition, phase contrast is used to differentiate liquid streams with varying concentrations of KI. The experimental approach is applied to different spray conditions, including quantitative measurements of mass distribution during primary atomization and qualitative visualization of turbulent binary fluid mixing. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America C1 [Halls, Benjamin R.; Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Radke, Christopher D.] NASA, Prop & Power Div, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Radke, Christopher D.; Reuter, Benjamin J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Reuter, Benjamin J.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Kastengren, Alan L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Meyer, Terrence R.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Halls, BR (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM hallsbenjamin@gmail.com FU National Research Council Post-doctoral Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX National Research Council Post-doctoral Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB; U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 23 PY 2017 VL 25 IS 2 BP 1605 EP 1617 DI 10.1364/OE.25.001605 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA EO2HY UT WOS:000396518400100 PM 28158042 ER PT J AU Kuhar, M Krucker, S Hannah, IG Glesener, L Saint-Hilaire, P Grefenstette, BW Hudson, HS White, SM Smith, DM Marsh, AJ Wright, PJ Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Kuhar, Matej Krucker, Sam Hannah, Iain G. Glesener, Lindsay Saint-Hilaire, Pascal Grefenstette, Brian W. Hudson, Hugh S. White, Stephen M. Smith, David M. Marsh, Andrew J. Wright, Paul J. Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Hailey, Charles J. Harrison, Fiona A. Stern, Daniel Zhang, William W. TI EVIDENCE OF SIGNIFICANT ENERGY INPUT IN THE LATE PHASE OF A SOLAR FLARE FROM NuSTAR X-RAY OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: flares; Sun: particle emission; Sun: X-rays; gamma rays ID ACTIVE CORONAL PHENOMENA; ULTRAVIOLET LATE-PHASE; YOHKOH SXT IMAGES; GIANT ARCHES; ATOMIC DATABASE; MASS EJECTION; EMISSION; REGIONS; RHESSI; RECONNECTION AB We present observations of the occulted active region AR 12222 during the third Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) solar campaign on 2014 December 11, with concurrent Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/AIA and FOXSI-2 sounding rocket observations. The active region produced a medium-size solar flare 1 day before the observations, at similar to 18 UT on 2014 December 10, with the post-flare loops still visible at the time of NuSTAR observations. The time evolution of the source emission in the SDO/AIA 335 angstrom channel reveals the characteristics of an extreme-ultraviolet late-phase event, caused by the continuous formation of new post-flare loops that arch higher and higher in the solar corona. The spectral fitting of NuSTAR observations yields an isothermal source, with temperature 3.8-4.6 MK, emission measure (0.3-1.8)x 10(46) cm(-3), and density estimated at (2.5-6.0) x 10(8) cm(-3). The observed AIA fluxes are consistent with the derived NuSTAR temperature range, favoring temperature values in the range of 4.0-4.3 MK. By examining the post-flare loops' cooling times and energy content, we estimate that at least 12 sets of post-flare loops were formed and subsequently cooled between the onset of the flare and NuSTAR observations, with their total thermal energy content an order of magnitude larger than the energy content at flare peak time. This indicates that the standard approach of using only the flare peak time to derive the total thermal energy content of a flare can lead to a large underestimation of its value. C1 [Kuhar, Matej; Krucker, Sam] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Bahnhofstr 6, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Kuhar, Matej] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Krucker, Sam; Saint-Hilaire, Pascal; Hudson, Hugh S.; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hannah, Iain G.; Wright, Paul J.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Glesener, Lindsay] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Grefenstette, Brian W.; Harrison, Fiona A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hudson, Hugh S.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [White, Stephen M.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hailey, Charles J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kuhar, M (reprint author), Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Bahnhofstr 6, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland.; Kuhar, M (reprint author), ETH, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RI Hannah, Iain/F-1972-2011; OI Hannah, Iain/0000-0003-1193-8603; Hudson, Hugh/0000-0001-5685-1283; Glesener, Lindsay/0000-0001-7092-2703; Wright, Paul/0000-0001-9021-611X; White, Stephen/0000-0002-8574-8629; Kuhar, Matej/0000-0002-7210-180X FU NASA [NNX12AJ36G, NNX14AG07G]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200021-140308]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [NNX13AM41H]; Royal Society University Research Fellowship; EPSRC-Royal Society fellowship engagement grant; NASA LCAS grant [NNX11AB75G] FX This work made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS), jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). M.K. and S.K. acknowledge funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021-140308). Funding for this work was also provided under NASA grants NNX12AJ36G and NNX14AG07G. A.J.M.'s participation was supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship award NNX13AM41H. I.G.H. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. P.J.W. is supported by an EPSRC-Royal Society fellowship engagement grant. FOXSI was funded by NASA LCAS grant NNX11AB75G. We would also like to thank the anonymous referee for the helpful comments. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2017 VL 835 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/6 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ8DO UT WOS:000393455400006 ER PT J AU Mauger, L Herriman, JE Hellman, O Tracy, SJ Lucas, MS Munoz, JA Xiao, YM Li, J Fultz, B AF Mauger, L. Herriman, J. E. Hellman, O. Tracy, S. J. Lucas, M. S. Munoz, J. A. Xiao, Yuming Li, J. Fultz, B. TI Phonons and elasticity of cementite through the Curie temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; FE3C; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY; PARTICLES; CRYSTAL; METALS AB Phonon partial densities of states (pDOS) of Fe-57(3) C were measured from cryogenic temperatures through the Curie transition at 460 K using nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. The cementite pDOS reveal that low-energy acoustic phonons shift to higher energies (stiffen) with temperature before the magnetic transition. This unexpected stiffening suggests strongly nonharmonic vibrational behavior that impacts the thermodynamics and elastic properties of cementite. Density functional theory calculations reproduced the anomalous stiffening observed experimentally in cementite by accounting for phonon-phonon interactions at finite temperatures. The calculations show that the low-energy acoustic phonon branches with polarizations along the [010] direction are largely responsible for the anomalous thermal stiffening. The effect was further localized to the motions of the Fe-II site within the orthorhombic structure, which participates disproportionately in the anomalous phonon stiffening. C1 [Mauger, L.; Herriman, J. E.; Hellman, O.; Tracy, S. J.; Munoz, J. A.; Fultz, B.] CALTECH, WM Keck Lab 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lucas, M. S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Xiao, Yuming] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Li, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Mauger, L (reprint author), CALTECH, WM Keck Lab 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. OI Hellman, Olle/0000-0002-3453-2975 FU Department of Energy through the Carnegie-DOE Alliance Center; Department of Energy through the Stewardship Sciences Academic Alliance Program; Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF); Deep Carbon Observatory through the Sloan Foundation [AST1344133]; NSF [EAR1219891]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE-NNSA [DE-NA0001974]; DOE-BES [DE-FG02-99ER45775]; DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The experimental equipment used in this work benefited from design discussions with Curtis Kenney-Benson and Eric Rod. This work was supported by the Department of Energy through the Carnegie-DOE Alliance Center, funded by the Department of Energy through the Stewardship Sciences Academic Alliance Program. J.E.H. was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF), made possible in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, administered by ORISE-ORAU under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23100. J.L. thanks Dave Walker for assistance with synthesizing the Fe3C sample and acknowledges support from the Deep Carbon Observatory through the Sloan Foundation, NSF Grant No. AST1344133 and NSF Grant No. EAR1219891. The calculations performed herein were made possible by resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA under Grant No. DE-NA0001974 and DOE-BES under Grant No. DE-FG02-99ER45775, with partial instrumentation funding by NSF. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 20 PY 2017 VL 95 IS 2 AR 024308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.024308 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EI1XB UT WOS:000392278700001 ER PT J AU Tsegga, T Wright, T AF Tsegga, Tibebu Wright, Thomas TI Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal flap with simultaneous placement of dental implants: case report of a novel technique SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPLANT DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID BONE AUGMENTATION AB Dental restorative space from the opposing dentition requires adequate distance for restorative material for an acceptable restoration. Typically, long-standing edentulous alveolar ridges will have vertical and or horizontal defects that require alveolar ridge augmentation for ideal dental implant restorations. Along with these defects, one will see the opposing dentition supra erupt which can obliterate the restorative space. Multiple surgical techniques have been described to address these dilemmas. The use of osteoperiosteal flaps has been described to address vertical height deficiencies. The purpose of this paper is to document and introduce a maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal flap intrusion to increase the restorative space with simultaneous dental implant placement. As with most dilemmas in treatment planning dental implants, multiple acceptable treatment options are available to the practitioner. This technique is another of many that can be added to the available options. When appropriately planned in select cases, this technique will result with ideal dental implant restorations without compromising the esthetic and functional harmony of the native dentition. C1 [Tsegga, Tibebu; Wright, Thomas] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Tsegga, Tibebu; Wright, Thomas] Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surg Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Wright, T (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.; Wright, T (reprint author), Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surg Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM Thomas.L.Wright2.mil@mail.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 2198-4034 J9 INT J IMPLANT DENT JI INT. J. IMPLANT. DENT. PD JAN 19 PY 2017 VL 3 AR 2 DI 10.1186/s40729-017-0067-5 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA EI1PO UT WOS:000392250100001 PM 28105589 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Kutana, A Roy, A Yakobson, BI AF Zhang, Ziang Kutana, Alex Roy, Ajit Yakobson, Boris I. TI Nanochimneys: Topology and Thermal Conductance of 3D Nanotube-Graphene Cone Junctions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID PILLARED-GRAPHENE; CARBON NANOTUBES; HYDROGEN STORAGE; NANOSTRUCTURES; TRANSPORT; ARCHITECTURES; PREDICTION; FILMS; OXIDE AB Pillared 3D carbon architectures, with the graphene layers and carbon nanotubes connected by topological junctions, have been produced and observed, as reported recently. However, the atomistic details of such junctions are hard to discern in microscopy and remain presently unclear. The simplest junction contains six heptagons in the transition region between the nanotube and graphene. Although these junctions make the pillared architectures possible, they are susceptible to failure when the whole structure undergoes mechanical or thermal Stress. In this work we consider "nanochimneys", a variety of special junctions with cones in between the nanotube and graphene parts. We explore the structures of the nanochimneys (NCs) and determine their underlying topological requirements. We also study the thermal conductance of these pillared architectures and show that NCs conduct heat better than regular simple junctions. C1 [Zhang, Ziang; Kutana, Alex; Yakobson, Boris I.] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Nanoengn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Roy, Ajit] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Yakobson, BI (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Nanoengn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM biy@rice.edu FU AFOSR MURI [FA9550-12-1-0035]; NSF [OCI-0959097] FX Work at Rice University was supported by the AFOSR MURI grant FA9550-12-1-0035 (3D Carbon Networks). Computations were performed on the DAVinCI and Sugar clusters sponsored by funds from NSF grant OCI-0959097. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 19 PY 2017 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1257 EP 1262 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11350 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EI5SD UT WOS:000392554000031 ER PT J AU Zhong, Y Goldenfeld, Z Li, K Streyer, W Yu, L Nordin, L Murphy, N Wasserman, D AF Zhong, Y. Goldenfeld, Z. Li, K. Streyer, W. Yu, L. Nordin, L. Murphy, N. Wasserman, D. TI Mid-wave infrared narrow bandwidth guided mode resonance notch filter SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC CRYSTAL; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; TRANSMISSION; ARRAYS AB We have designed, fabricated, and characterized a guided mode resonance notch filter operating in the technologically vital mid-wave infrared (MWIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The filter provides a bandstop at lambda approximate to 4.1 mu m, with a 12 dB extinction on resonance. In addition, we demonstrate a high transmission background (>80%), less than 6% transmission on resonance, and an ultra-narrow bandwidth transmission notch (10 cm(-1)). Our filter is optically characterized using angle-and polarization-dependent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and simulated using rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) with excellent agreement between simulations and our experimental results. Using our RCWA simulations, we are able to identify the optical modes associated with the transmission dips of our filter. The presented structure offers a potential route toward narrow-band laser filters in the MWIR. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America C1 [Zhong, Y.; Goldenfeld, Z.; Streyer, W.; Yu, L.; Wasserman, D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Li, K.; Yu, L.; Wasserman, D.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Murphy, N.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Wasserman, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Wasserman, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM dw@utexas.edu FU Illinois DRIVE Postdoctoral Fellowship; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-11-D-5400]; NSF Directorate for Engineering (ENG) [1157933] FX Illinois DRIVE Postdoctoral Fellowship; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8650-11-D-5400); NSF Directorate for Engineering (ENG) (1157933). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2017 VL 42 IS 2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1364/OL.42.000223 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EI0VN UT WOS:000392193100013 PM 28081078 ER PT J AU Ma, L Lei, QC Capil, T Hammack, SD Carter, CD AF Ma, Lin Lei, Qingchun Capil, Tyler Hammack, Stephen D. Carter, Campbell D. TI Direct comparison of two-dimensional and three-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence measurements on highly turbulent flames SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PREMIXED FLAMES; SINGLE-SHOT; TOMOGRAPHY; FLOWS; JET AB This Letter reports the first direct comparison between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) applied to highly turbulent flames, with the goal of experimentally illustrating the capabilities and limitations of volumetric LIF (VLIF). To accomplish these goals, planar LIF (PLIF) and VLIF measurements were simultaneously performed on turbulent flames based on the CH radical. The PLIF measurements imaged a planar cross-section of the target flames across a 2D field-of-view (FOV) of 42 mm x 42 mm. The VLIF measurements imaged the same region in the target flame with a 3D FOV of 42 mm x 42 mm x 5 mm, with 5 mm being the thickness of the measurement volume. The VLIF signals generated in this volume were captured by five intensified cameras from different perspectives, based on which a 3D tomographic reconstruction was performed to obtain the 3D reconstruction of the CH radical (as a marker of the flame front). The PLIF measurements were then compared to a cross-section of the VLIF measurement to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of instantaneous 3D imaging of flame topography and flame surface area in highly turbulent flames. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America C1 [Ma, Lin] Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Ma, Lin; Lei, Qingchun; Capil, Tyler] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Hammack, Stephen D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Carter, Campbell D.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA.; Ma, L (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM linma@vt.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0386]; U.S. Air Force (USAF) Summer Faculty Fellowship FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-14-1-0386); U.S. Air Force (USAF) Summer Faculty Fellowship. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2017 VL 42 IS 2 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1364/OL.42.000267 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EI0VN UT WOS:000392193100024 PM 28081089 ER PT J AU Ozturk, D Pilchak, AL Ghosh, S AF Ozturk, D. Pilchak, A. L. Ghosh, S. TI Experimentally validated dwell and cyclic fatigue crack nucleation model for alpha-titanium alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Ti-7Al alloy; Probabiltiy-based crack nucleation model; Image-based crystal plasticity FEM; Experimental observations; Dwell and cyclic loading ID CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; SENSITIVE FATIGUE; TI-6242 ALLOY; TI-ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; CREEP; SIMULATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TRANSMISSION AB This paper develops an experimentally calibrated and validated crystal plasticity finite element model with a probabilistic crack nucleation model for predicting dwell and cyclic fatigue crack nucleation in polycrystalline microstructures of titanium or Ti alloys. The nucleation model accounts for load-shedding due to time-dependent plastic flow and variability in crystal strength. The predictions are corroborated with experimental observations of nucleation times for dwell and cyclic loading. Experimental characterization of failed samples reveal that crack initiation on (0001) planes are highly inclined away from the stress axis. The probability distribution of simulated facet orientations are in agreement with experimentally measured orientations. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ozturk, D.; Ghosh, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pilchak, A. L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ghosh, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM sghosh20@jhu.edu FU Ohio State University from an AFRL, AFRL Collaborative Center of Structural Sciences [60038238, FA8650-13-2-2347]; AFOSR [12RX01COR] FX This work is supported through a subcontract to JHU (sub-recipient) from the Ohio State University (main recipient) through a sub-award No. 60038238 from an AFRL grant No. FA8650-13-2-2347 as a part of the AFRL Collaborative Center of Structural Sciences. The program managers of this grant are Dr. B. Smarslok and Dr. R. Chona, and the PI is Prof J. McNamara. This support to JHU is gratefully acknowledged. Computer use of the Hopkins High Performance Computing facilities is gratefully acknowledged. Adam Pilchak gratefully acknowledges the support of AFOSR Task No. 12RX01COR, with program manager Dr. A. Sayir. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 2017 VL 127 BP 15 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.08.031 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EA2FB UT WOS:000386407100004 ER PT J AU Miracle, D Majumdar, B Wertz, K Gorsse, S AF Miracle, Daniel Majumdar, Bhaskar Wertz, Katelun Gorsse, Stephane TI New strategies and tests to accelerate discovery and development of multi-principal element structural alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Structural materials; High-thruput experiments; High entropy alloys (HEAs) ID HIGH ENTROPY ALLOYS; THIN-FILMS; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; COMBINATORIAL; EXPLORATION; PLASTICITY; LIBRARIES; ALUMINUM; TOOLS AB High throughput, combinatorial approaches dramatically accelerate the discovery and development of functional materials, where properties depend primarily on composition. In structural materials, many properties depend sensitively on sample dimensions and microstructural length scales, complicating sample miniaturization that is critical to high throughput techniques. As a result, high throughput tests to rapidly evaluate structural materials are not currently available to meet the challenges offered by the extreme numbers of alloy compositions and microstructures. Here we develop a strategy to accelerate the exploration of conventional and multi-principle element structural alloys, and describe new tests for the rapid evaluation of structural alloys. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Miracle, Daniel; Wertz, Katelun] AF Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Majumdar, Bhaskar] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Gorsse, Stephane] CNRS, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France. [Gorsse, Stephane] Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France. [Gorsse, Stephane] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Miracle, D (reprint author), AF Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM daniel.miracle@us.af.mil FU DGA through the ERE program [ERE 2015 60 0013] FX The authors are grateful to M. Cox for discussions on high throughput experimental strategies for structural materials, and to K. Rajan, M. Uchic and K. Hemker for discussions of miniaturized tests and high throughput, combinatorial methods. SG would like to acknowledge DGA for support through the ERE program (ERE 2015 60 0013). NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 48 U2 48 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JAN 15 PY 2017 VL 127 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.08.001 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EA2FB UT WOS:000386407100044 ER PT J AU Melko, JJ Ard, SG Le, T Miller, GS Martinez, O Shuman, NS Viggiano, AA AF Melko, Joshua J. Ard, Shaun G. Le, Tri Miller, Gregory S. Martinez, Oscar, Jr. Shuman, Nicholas S. Viggiano, Albert A. TI Determining Rate Constants and Mechanisms for Sequential Reactions of Fe+ with Ozone at 500 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT KINETICS; FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; STATE-SPECIFIC REACTIONS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ION CHEMISTRY; METAL-IONS; 2-STATE REACTIVITY; EARTHS ATMOSPHERE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; E LAYERS AB We present rate constants and product branching ratios for the reactions of FeOx+ (x = 0-4) with ozone at 500 K. Fe+ is observed to react with ozone at the collision rate to produce FeO+ + O-2. The FeO in turn reacts with ozone at the collision rate to yield both Fe+ and FeO2+ product channels. Ions up to FeO4+ display similar reactivity patterns. Three-body clustering reactions with O-2 prevent us from measuring accurate rate constants at 300 K although the data do suggest that the efficiency is also high. Therefore, it is probable that little to no temperature dependence exists over this range. Implications of our measurements to the regulation of atmospheric iron and ozone are discussed. Density functional calculations on the reaction of Fe+ with ozone show no substantial kinetic barriers to make the FeO+ + O-2 product channel, which is consistent with the reaction's efficiency. While a pathway to make FeO2+ + O is also found to be barrierless, our experiments indicate no primary FeO2+ formation for this reaction. C1 [Melko, Joshua J.; Le, Tri; Miller, Gregory S.] Univ North Florida, Dept Chem, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Ard, Shaun G.; Martinez, Oscar, Jr.; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Viggiano, Albert A.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Melko, JJ (reprint author), Univ North Florida, Dept Chem, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM josh.melko@unf.edu OI Melko, Joshua/0000-0002-4717-2198 FU American Chemical Society [55479-UNI6]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR-16RVCOR276]; National Research Council Research Associateship Program; Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College [FA9453-10-C-0206] FX We wish to thank John M. C. Plane for insightful discussions on the atmospheric implications of the results herein. J.J.M., T.L., and G.S.M. acknowledge the donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society, for support of this research (Grant No. 55479-UNI6). The work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (No. AFOSR-16RVCOR276). O.M. is supported by the National Research Council Research Associateship Program. S.G.A. acknowledges the support from the Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College under Contract No. FA9453-10-C-0206. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 12 PY 2017 VL 121 IS 1 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b08971 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EH8PW UT WOS:000392035800004 PM 27996263 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JB Roy, S Kulatilaka, WD Shkurenkov, I Adamovich, IV Lempert, WR Gord, JR AF Schmidt, Jacob B. Roy, Sukesh Kulatilaka, Waruna D. Shkurenkov, Ivan Adamovich, Igor V. Lempert, Walter R. Gord, James R. TI Femtosecond, two-photon-absorption, laser-induced-fluorescence (fs-TALIF) imaging of atomic hydrogen and oxygen in non-equilibrium plasmas SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE fs-TALIF; femtosecond; plasmas; hydrogen atom; oxygen atom ID 2-PHOTON EXCITATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; H-ATOM; POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; PICOSECOND EXCITATION; DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; NITROGEN-ATOMS; RATE CONSTANTS; ABSORPTION; DISCHARGES AB Femtosecond, two-photon-absorption laser-induced fluorescence (fs-TALIF) is employed to measure space-and time-resolved distributions of atomic hydrogen and oxygen in moderate-pressure, non-equilibrium, nanosecond-duration pulsed-discharge plasmas. Temporally and spatially resolved hydrogen and oxygen TALIF images are obtained over a range of low-temperature plasmas in mixtures of helium and argon at 100 Torr total pressure. The high-peak-intensity, low-average-energy fs pulses combined with the increased spectral bandwidth compared to traditional ns-duration laser pulses provide a large number of photon pairs that are responsible for the two-photon excitation, which results in an enhanced TALIF signal. Krypton and xenon TALIF are used for quantitative calibration of the hydrogen and oxygen concentrations, respectively, with similar excitation schemes being employed. This enables 2D collection of atomic-hydrogen and -oxygen TALIF signals with absolute number densities ranging from 2 x 10(12) cm(-3) to 6 x 10(15) cm(-3) and 1 x 10(13) cm(-3) to 3 x 10(16) cm(-3), respectively. These 2D images are the first application of TALIF imaging in moderatepressure plasma discharges. 1D self-consistent modeling predictions show agreement with experimental results within the estimated experimental error of 25%. The present results can be used to further the development of higher fidelity kinetic models while quantifying plasma-source characteristics. C1 [Schmidt, Jacob B.; Roy, Sukesh; Kulatilaka, Waruna D.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Shkurenkov, Ivan; Adamovich, Igor V.; Lempert, Walter R.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Roy, S (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM roy.sukesh@gmail.com RI Adamovich, Igor/E-6172-2014 OI Adamovich, Igor/0000-0001-6311-3940 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0009637]; Air Force Research laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [LRIR: 15RQCOR202] FX Funding for this research was provided by the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-SC0009637, by the Air Force Research laboratory under Contract No. FA8650-15-D-2518, and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (LRIR: 15RQCOR202). Approved for public release: distribution unlimited (#88ABW-2016-4437). NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JAN 11 PY 2017 VL 50 IS 1 AR 015204 DI 10.1088/1361-6463/50/1/015204 PG 17 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ED7MV UT WOS:000389051000003 ER PT J AU De Paolis, A Watanabe, H Nelson, JT Bikson, M Packer, M Cardoso, L AF De Paolis, Annalisa Watanabe, Hirobumi Nelson, Jeremy T. Bikson, Marom Packer, Mark Cardoso, Luis TI Human cochlear hydrodynamics: A high-resolution mu CT-based finite element study SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Biofluid Mechanics Symposium CY MAR, 2016 CL Calif Inst Technol, Pasadena, CA HO Calif Inst Technol DE Cochlea hydrodynamics; Perilymph flow velocity; Perilymph pressure; Computational fluid dynamics; High-resolution microCT imaging ID GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA; BASILAR-MEMBRANE; ROUND WINDOWS; INNER-EAR; FLOW-RATE; FLUID; MECHANICS; MODEL; OVAL AB Measurements of perilymph hydrodynamics in the human cochlea are scarce, being mostly limited to the fluid pressure at the basal or apical turn of the scalae vestibuli and tympani. Indeed, measurements of fluid pressure or volumetric flow rate have only been reported in animal models. In this study we imaged the human ear at 6.7 and 3-mu m resolution using mu CT scanning to produce highly accurate 3D models of the entire ear and particularly the cochlea scalae. We used a contrast agent to better distinguish soft from hard tissues, including the auditory canal, tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, ligaments, oval and round window, scalae vestibule and tympani. Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach and this anatomically correct 3D model of the human cochlea, we examined the pressure and perilymph flow velocity as a function of location, time and frequency within the auditory range. Perimeter, surface, hydraulic diameter, Womersley and Reynolds numbers were computed every 45 degrees of rotation around the central axis of the cochlear spiral. CFD results showed both spatial and temporal pressure gradients along the cochlea. Small Reynolds number and large Womersley values indicate that the perilymph fluid flow at auditory frequencies is laminar and its velocity profile is plug-like. The pressure was found 102-106 degrees out of phase with the fluid flow velocity at the scalae vestibule and tympani, respectively. The average flow velocity was found in the sub-mis to nm/s range at 20-100 Hz, and below the nm/s range at 1-20 kHz. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [De Paolis, Annalisa; Bikson, Marom; Cardoso, Luis] CUNY, City Coll, Grove Sch Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. [De Paolis, Annalisa; Bikson, Marom; Cardoso, Luis] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Watanabe, Hirobumi] Columbia Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 220 Mudd Bldg,500 West,120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Nelson, Jeremy T.; Cardoso, Luis] DOD Hearing Ctr Excellence, 59MDW SG020,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Cardoso, L (reprint author), CUNY, City Coll, Grove Sch Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.; Cardoso, L (reprint author), CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM cardoso@ccny.cuny.edu FU QUASAR [TO 0036]; NSF [CMMI-1333560, MRI-0723027, MRI-1229449]; NIH [DK103362] FX This work was supported by QUASAR (TO 0036), NSF (CMMI-1333560, MRI-0723027, and MRI-1229449), and NIH (DK103362). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 EI 1873-2380 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 4 PY 2017 VL 50 SI SI BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.020 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA EI8WQ UT WOS:000392789300030 PM 27855986 ER PT S AU Beran, P Stanford, B Schrock, C AF Beran, Philip Stanford, Bret Schrock, Christopher BE Davis, SH Moin, P TI Uncertainty Quantification in Aeroelasticity SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS, VOL 49 SE Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE uncertainty quantification; aeroelasticity; polynomial chaos; flutter; limit-cycle oscillation; reliability; design under uncertainty ID LIMIT-CYCLE OSCILLATIONS; RELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; NONLINEAR AEROELASTICITY; STOCHASTIC PROJECTION; BIFURCATION BEHAVIOR; FLUTTER; OPTIMIZATION; AIRFOIL AB Physical interactions between a fluid and structure, potentially manifested as self-sustained or divergent oscillations, can be sensitive to many parameters whose values are uncertain. Of interest here are aircraft aeroelastic interactions, which must be accounted for in aircraft certification and design. Deterministic prediction of these aeroelastic behaviors can be difficult owing to physical and computational complexity. New challenges are introduced when physical parameters and elements of the modeling process are uncertain. By viewing aeroelasticity through a nondeterministic prism, where key quantities are assumed stochastic, one may gain insights into how to reduce system uncertainty, increase system robustness, and maintain aeroelastic safety. This article reviews uncertainty quantification in aeroelasticity using traditional analytical techniques not reliant on computational fluid dynamics; compares and contrasts this work with emerging methods based on computational fluid dynamics, which target richer physics; and reviews the state of the art in aeroelastic optimization under uncertainty. Barriers to continued progress, for example, the so-called curse of dimensionality, are discussed. C1 [Beran, Philip] Air Force Res Lab, Multidisciplinary Sci & Technol Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Stanford, Bret] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Aeroelast Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Schrock, Christopher] Air Force Res Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Beran, P (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Multidisciplinary Sci & Technol Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM philip.beran@us.af.mil; bret.k.stanford@nasa.gov; christopher.schrock@us.af.mil NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4189 BN 978-0-8243-0749-3 J9 ANNU REV FLUID MECH JI Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. PY 2017 VL 49 BP 361 EP 386 DI 10.1146/annurev-fluid-122414-034441 PG 26 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA BH0QM UT WOS:000396042600015 ER PT J AU Berger, M Tagliasacchi, A Seversky, LM Alliez, P Guennebaud, G Levine, JA Sharf, A Silva, CT AF Berger, Matthew Tagliasacchi, Andrea Seversky, Lee M. Alliez, Pierre Guennebaud, Gael Levine, Joshua A. Sharf, Andrei Silva, Claudio T. TI A Survey of Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM LA English DT Article DE geometry processin; surface reconstruction; 3D acquisition; shape analysis ID SHAPE RECONSTRUCTION; 3D RECONSTRUCTION; IMPLICIT SURFACES; SET SURFACES; RANGE DATA; ROBUST; VISUALIZATION; PROVENANCE; DISTANCE AB The area of surface reconstruction has seen substantial progress in the past two decades. The traditional problem addressed by surface reconstruction is to recover the digital representation of a physical shape that has been scanned, where the scanned data contain a wide variety of defects. While much of the earlier work has been focused on reconstructing a piece-wise smooth representation of the original shape, recent work has taken on more specialized priors to address significantly challenging data imperfections, where the reconstruction can take on different representationsnot necessarily the explicit geometry. We survey the field of surface reconstruction, and provide a categorization with respect to priors, data imperfections and reconstruction output. By considering a holistic view of surface reconstruction, we show a detailed characterization of the field, highlight similarities between diverse reconstruction techniques and provide directions for future work in surface reconstruction. C1 [Berger, Matthew; Seversky, Lee M.] Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. [Tagliasacchi, Andrea] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausannne, Switzerland. [Tagliasacchi, Andrea] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Alliez, Pierre] Inria Sophia Antipolis Mediterranee, Valbonne, France. [Guennebaud, Gael] Inria Bordeaux Sud Ouest, Talence, France. [Levine, Joshua A.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Sharf, Andrei] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Silva, Claudio T.] NYU, New York, NY USA. RP Berger, M (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. EM matthew.sh.berger@gmail.com; andrea.tagliasacchi@gmail.com; lee@seversky.net; pierre.alliez@inria.fr; gael.guennebaud@inria.fr; levinej@clemson.edu; asharf@gmail.com; csilva@nyu.edu FU ERC Starting Grant 'Robust Geometry Processing' [257474]; National Science Foundation [MRI-1229185, IIS-1314757]; IBM Faculty Award; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation FX Pierre Alliez is supported by an ERC Starting Grant 'Robust Geometry Processing' (257474). Claudio Silva was partially supported by the National Science Foundation grant MRI-1229185, an IBM Faculty Award and a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore and Alfred P. Sloan Foundations. Joshua Levine is supported by the National Science Foundation award IIS-1314757. NR 137 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0167-7055 EI 1467-8659 J9 COMPUT GRAPH FORUM JI Comput. Graph. Forum PD JAN PY 2017 VL 36 IS 1 BP 301 EP 329 DI 10.1111/cgf.12802 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EM0KY UT WOS:000395008400021 ER PT J AU Kalyanam, K Casbeer, D Pachter, M AF Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy Casbeer, David Pachter, Meir TI Monotone Optimal Threshold Feedback Policy for Sequential Weapon Target Assignment SO JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID ALLOCATION PROBLEM; ATTACKING TARGETS; OPPORTUNITY AB THE operational scenario is the following. Abomber with identical weapons travels along a designated route/path and sequentially encounters enemy ( ground) targets. Should the bomber decide to engage a target, the target will be destroyed with a probability of p < 1. Upon successful elimination, the bomber receives a positive reward r drawn from a fixed known distribution. We stipulate that, before engagement, the bomber observes the target and is made aware of the reward r. Furthermore, upon releasing a weapon, the bomber is alerted as to whether or not the deployed weapon was successful. In other words, we employ a shoot-look-shoot policy. If the target is destroyed, the bomber moves on to the next target. On the other hand, if the target was not destroyed, the bomber can either reengage the current target or move on to the next target in the sequence. The optimal closed-loop control policy that results in the maximal expected cumulative reward is obtained via stochastic dynamic programming. Not surprisingly, a weapon is dropped on a target if, and only if, the observed reward is no less than a stage- and state-dependent threshold value. We show that the threshold value, as a function, is monotonic decreasing in the number of weapons and monotonic nondecreasing in the number of targets left to be engaged. C1 [Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy] Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Casbeer, David] US Air Force, Res Lab, Autonomous Control Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Pachter, Meir] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kalyanam, K (reprint author), Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM krishnak@ucla.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 1940-3151 EI 2327-3097 J9 J AEROSP INFORM SYST JI J. Aerosp. Inf. Syst. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 14 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.2514/1.I010501 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EP0SZ UT WOS:000397098300006 ER PT J AU Duran, JM Sarangan, A AF Duran, Joshua M. Sarangan, Andrew TI Fabrication of ultrahigh aspect ratio silicon nanostructures using self-assembled gold metal-assisted chemical etching SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS LA English DT Article DE MacEtch; MACE; metal assisted chemical etching; quantum walls; nanostructures; nanowires; nanowalls; nanosheets; high-aspect ratio etching ID POROUS SILICON; NANOWIRE ARRAYS; SI NANOWIRES; CATALYST; IMAGE AB We report the critical factors that control the geometry of silicon nanostructures produced by metalassisted chemical etching (MacEtch) using self-assembled islands from an ultrathin film of gold. We have conducted a systematic study of the process parameters that control the geometry of the metal structures and the resulting etched nanostructures. Compared to prior reports, which have focused on the crystal orientation and solution stoichiometry, our study finds that the anisotropy of the etched nanostructures is primarily controlled by the deposited metal geometry, while solution stoichiometry and crystal orientation play relatively minor roles. Using an optimized self-assembled geometry and etch process, we demonstrate what we believe is the highest aspect ratio to date (greater than 5000:1) for high density top-down etched silicon nanostructures. These structures, which we refer to as silicon nanowalls, are in the size regime where quantum confinement effects could potentially be exploited for next-generation optoelectronic components and devices. (C) The Authors. C1 [Duran, Joshua M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Duran, Joshua M.; Sarangan, Andrew] Univ Dayton, Dept Electroopt & Photon, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Duran, JM (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Duran, JM (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Electroopt & Photon, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM joshua.duran.2@us.af.mil FU Entrepreneurial Research Fund through the Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work was funded by the Entrepreneurial Research Fund through the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to the publishing of this content. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1932-5150 EI 1932-5134 J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS PD JAN PY 2017 VL 16 IS 1 AR 014502 DI 10.1117/1.JMM.16.1.014502 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA EP0IK UT WOS:000397070400008 ER PT J AU Jewell, JS Kimmel, RL AF Jewell, Joseph S. Kimmel, Roger L. TI Boundary-Layer Stability Analysis for Stetson's Mach 6 Blunt-Cone Experiments SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION AB The results of a seminal experimental study of the effects of bluntness and swallowing length on transition on an 8deg cone at zero angle of attack in Mach 6 high-Reynolds-number flow are analyzed with the STABL-2D computational fluid dynamics code package. Mean flow solutions and parabolized stability analyses for a total of 11 different nose-tip bluntnesses, ranging from sharp to a 15.24mm radius, are obtained. For the sharpest cases, the N factor at transition is approximately seven; but, as bluntness increases and the calculated swallowing distance lengthens, the computed N factor at the experimentally observed transition location drops below the level at which Mack's second mode would be expected to lead to transition. These results indicate that the dominant instability mechanism for the bluntest cases is not the second mode, and oblique mode analysis also excludes these modes as the dominant instability mechanism. C1 [Jewell, Joseph S.; Kimmel, Roger L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Jewell, JS (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jjewell@alumni.caltech.edu FU National Research Council FX This research was performed while J. S. Jewell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors thank Steve Schneider of Purdue University for sharing his private communication with Ken Stetson, which provided additional clarification and tabulated data for the results reported in K. F. Stetson's 1983 paper on Mach 6 blunt-cone experiments; Eric Marineau of the Arnold Engineering Development Center for helpful discussion; and Matthew Tufts for his comments. J. S. Jewell thanks Ross Wagnild of Sandia National Laboratories for his patient advice on the use of the STABL code. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 EI 1533-6794 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JAN PY 2017 VL 54 IS 1 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.2514/1.A33619 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EM7UF UT WOS:000395517100021 ER PT J AU Cox, CB Barron, LG Davis, W de la Garza, B AF Cox, Cody Brent Barron, Laura G. Davis, William de la Garza, Bernardo TI Using situational judgment tests (SJTs) in training Development and evaluation of a structured, low-fidelity scenario-based training method SO PERSONNEL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Training; Learning; Quantitative; Training and development ID FEEDBACK AB Purpose - Situational judgment tests (SJTs) are widely used in personnel selection but have not been empirically explored as methods of training design. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate SJT-based training as a workplace training design method which utilizes active learning and structured feedback to enhance learning of both procedural and declarative knowledge. Design/methodology/approach - Volunteers (n = 416) were randomly assigned to full-length lecture-based training or abbreviated lecture-based training followed by 15 minutes of SJT-based training. Knowledge of training content was assessed at pre-test and three weeks after training. Findings - SJT-based trainees showed greater improvement on declarative and procedural knowledge than those in traditional training. Research limitations/implications - The results indicate that integrating the SJT methodology into training delivery may lead to greater mastery of declarative and procedural knowledge relative to exclusive use of lecture-based training methods. Practical implications - Findings suggest that the relatively inexpensive, low-fidelity scenario-based training methodology the authors detail may increase retention of training material compared to more traditional training methods. Originality/value - This is the first study to incorporate SJT methodology into the design of training content and to demonstrate that such content can produce greater retention of both declarative and procedural content. C1 [Cox, Cody Brent] Texas A&M Univ San Antonio, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, San Antonio, TX 78224 USA. [Barron, Laura G.] US Air Force, Randolph AFB, TX USA. [Davis, William; de la Garza, Bernardo] Univ Texas Brownsville, Dept Behav Sci, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. RP Cox, CB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ San Antonio, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, San Antonio, TX 78224 USA. EM ccox9@stmarytx.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0048-3486 EI 1758-6933 J9 PERS REV JI Pers. Rev. PY 2017 VL 46 IS 1 BP 36 EP 45 DI 10.1108/PR-05-2015-0137 PG 10 WC Industrial Relations & Labor; Psychology, Applied; Management SC Business & Economics; Psychology GA EO1NM UT WOS:000396465200003 ER PT J AU Mitchell, JD Chesnut, TJ Eastham, DV Demandante, CN Hoopes, DJ AF Mitchell, James D. Chesnut, Thomas J. Eastham, David V. Demandante, Carlo N. Hoopes, David J. TI Detailed prospective peer review in a community radiation oncology clinic SO PRACTICAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUDIT AB Purpose: In 2012, we instituted detailed prospective peer review of new cases. We present the outcomes of peer review on patient management and time required for peer review. Methods and materials: Peer review rounds were held 3 to 4 days weekly and required 2 physicians to review pertinent information from the electronic medical record and treatment planning system. Eight aspects were reviewed for each case: 1) workup and staging; 2) treatment intent and prescription; 3) position, immobilization, and simulation; 4) motion assessment and management; 5) target contours; 6) normal tissue contours; 7) target dosimetry; and 8) normal tissue dosimetry. Cases were marked as, "Meets standard of care," "Variation," or "Major deviation." Changes in treatment plan were noted. As our process evolved, we recorded the time spent reviewing each case. Results: From 2012 to 2014, we collected peer reviewdata on 442 of 465 (95%) radiation therapy patients treated in our hospital-based clinic. Overall, 91 (20.6%) of the cases were marked as having a variation, and 3 (0.7%) as major deviation. Forty-two (9.5%) of the cases were altered after peer review. An overall peer review score of "Variation" or "Major deviation" was highly associated with a change in treatment plan (P b.01). Changes in target contours were recommended in 10% of cases. Gastrointestinal cases were significantly associated with a change in treatment plan after peer review. Indicators on position, immobilization, simulation, target contours, target dosimetry, motion management, normal tissue contours, and normal tissue dosimetry were significantly associated with a change in treatment plan. The mean time spent on each case was 7 minutes. Conclusions: Prospective peer review is feasible in a community radiation oncology practice. Our process led to changes in 9.5% of cases. Peer review should focus on technical factors such as target contours and dosimetry. Peer review required 7 minutes per case. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Radiation Oncology. C1 [Mitchell, James D.; Eastham, David V.; Demandante, Carlo N.] David Grant Med Ctr, Joint Ctr Radiat Oncol, Travis Afb, CA USA. [Chesnut, Thomas J.] US Bur Census, Washington, DC 20233 USA. [Hoopes, David J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Mitchell, JD (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Joint Ctr Radiat Oncol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis Afb, CA 94535 USA. EM james.mitchell.6@us.af.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1879-8500 J9 PRACT RADIAT ONCOL JI Pract. Radiat. Oncol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 7 IS 1 BP 50 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.prro.2016.08.011 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA EO0NY UT WOS:000396396100024 PM 27720701 ER PT J AU Katta, VR Roquemore, WM AF Katta, Viswanath R. Roquemore, William M. TI Formation of a cool diffusion flame and its characteristics SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Cool flames; Diffusion flames; NTC region; Ignition; Low-temperature chemistry ID N-HEPTANE; CHEMICAL-KINETICS; EXTINCTION; COMBUSTION; IGNITION AB Low-temperature (similar to 700 K) "cool" flames formed with n-heptane fuel were observed in the experiments conducted under microgravity. Recently, Won et al. demonstrated experimentally that such "cool" flames could be established under normal gravity. However, as ozone was added to air for supporting the flames in that experiment, the fundamental question on the formation of a self-supported n-heptane/air "cool" flame remained unanswered. A numerical investigation is conducted for (1) finding an answer to this question and (2) determining a procedure for establishing a "cool" flame. A standard opposing-jet burner is considered. Investigations are performed using a well-tested CFD code. A reduced mechanism that successfully captured the "cool" flames in microgravity is used. Calculations have demonstrated that a "cool" diffusion flame can be established with n-heptane under normal gravity without resorting to flame-speed promoters such as ozone, pressure or temperature. Using velocities of 4 and 7 cm/s and temperatures of 400 and 300 K for the fuel and air jets, respectively, a stable "cool" flame was obtained. Flame was ignited through increasing the temperature of the air jet to a value >724 K and then a self-sustained "cool" flame was obtained by decreasing the temperature back to 300 K. Parametric studies are performed on the applied gravitational force such that the heavy n-heptane flowed upward from the bottom nozzle or downward from the top nozzle. In general, flame remained flat with or without the gravity. However, when the fuel jet was at the bottom, it expanded faster and moved the flame closer to the fuel nozzle. "Cool" flame could not be stabilized for the same velocity and temperature conditions when fuel flowed from the top. "Cool" and normal diffusion flames obtained with identical flow conditions are compared. Limiting stretch rate for extinguishing the "cool" flame is determined. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Katta, Viswanath R.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 7610 McEwen Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. [Roquemore, William M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Katta, VR (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 7610 McEwen Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. EM vrkatta@gmail.com FU SERDP; AFRL FX Financial support for this work was provided by SERDP (Dr. Nissan Robin) and AFRL. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 1 BP 1369 EP 1376 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.06.101 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EP6BY UT WOS:000397464200139 ER PT J AU Osborne, JR Ramji, SA Carter, CD Steinberg, AM AF Osborne, Jeffrey R. Ramji, Sarah A. Carter, Campbell D. Steinberg, Adam M. TI Relationship between local reaction rate and flame structure in turbulent premixed flames from simultaneous 10 kHz TPIV, OH PLIF, and CH2O PLIF SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Tomographic PIV; OH PLIF; CH2O PLIF; Turbulent premixed combustion ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; LIFTED JET FLAME; STEREOSCOPIC PIV; TOMOGRAPHIC PIV AB This work experimentally quantifies the relationship between metrics of the local reaction rate and flame thickness for turbulent premixed flames in the corrugated flamelet and thickened preheat zone/thin reaction zones regime using data from simultaneous 10 kHz tomographic particle image velocimetry (TPIV), hydroxyl planar laser induced fluorescence (OH PLIF), and formaldehyde (CH2O) PLIF. Two reaction rate metrics are presented, which are based on tracking fluid elements in a Lagrangian manner as they traverse from the flame leading edge to the reaction zone. This yields both a fluid residence time in the flame (tau(c)) and a metric of the flame speed (S). tau(c) in the thickened preheat zone regime was reduced by nearly 40% compared with the corrugated flamelet despite the flame being broader, indicating a substantial increase in the local reaction rate. The joint PDFs of S and local flame thickness showed a positive linear correlation between these quantities, which can be explained by turbulent diffusivity arguments. These data provide guidelines for reaction rate models, as well as a quantitative means of comparing local behavior between experiments and simulations. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Osborne, Jeffrey R.; Ramji, Sarah A.; Steinberg, Adam M.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. [Carter, Campbell D.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Steinberg, AM (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. EM josborne@utias.utoronto.ca; adam.steinberg@utoronto.ca FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-13-1-0070]; NSERC [RGPIN 413232] FX This work was sponsored by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA9550-13-1-0070, Project Monitor Dr. Chiping Li, and NSERC under Grant No. RGPIN 413232. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 2 BP 1835 EP 1841 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.124 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EP5ZY UT WOS:000397458900024 ER PT J AU McGann, B Carter, CD Ombrello, TM Hammack, S Lee, T Do, H AF McGann, Brendan Carter, Campbell D. Ombrello, Timothy M. Hammack, Stephen Lee, Tonghun Do, Hyungrok TI Gas property measurements in a supersonic combustor using nanosecond gated laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with direct spectrum matching SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Laser-induced breakdown; Scramjet; Cavity flameholder; Gated LIBS ID REACTING FLOWS; INDUCED PLASMA; AIR; SPARK; CAVITY; MIXTURES; IGNITION; DENSITY; FLAMES; LIBS AB Gas density and fuel mole fraction in a cavity flameholder of a supersonic combustor with ethylene (C2H4) fueling are simultaneously measured using nanosecond gated (10 ns) laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (n-LIBS). Emission spectra from the laser-induced plasma over a range (550 nm-830 nm) containing multiple emission lines of O, H, N, and C are captured and used to quantify the gas conditions. A direct spectrum matching (DSM) process is employed for the gas property quantification in which an unknown spectrum is matched to a spectrum from a database, constructed through n-LIBS analysis of well-known gas conditions. A back-scattering collection method is implemented to allow for measurements using a single optical access point. Fuel mole fraction and gas density are mapped within a cavity flameholder on planes parallel to the Mach 2 freestream flow above the cavity. With C2H4 injection from the closeout ramp of the cavity toward the front step, a high fuel mole fraction region appears near the front step where density and flow velocity are low, and thus favorable for cavity flame ignition. The fuel mole fraction at a location in the cavity is found to be nearly proportional to fueling rate; the gas density, on the other hand, is not affected by the fueling rate, under the typical operating conditions. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [McGann, Brendan; Hammack, Stephen; Lee, Tonghun] Univ Illinois, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, 1206 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Carter, Campbell D.; Ombrello, Timothy M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 1950 Fifth St, Bldg 18A, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Do, Hyungrok] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Bldg 301-1518,1 Kwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea. RP Do, H (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Bldg 301-1518,1 Kwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea. EM hyungrok@snu.ac.kr FU American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), through the Summer Faculty Fellowship Program (SFFP); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0161] FX This work is supported by the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), through the Summer Faculty Fellowship Program (SFFP), the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR, FA9550-12-1-0161). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 2 BP 2857 EP 2864 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.06.089 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EP5ZY UT WOS:000397458900137 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Peltier, SJ Slipchenko, MN Mance, JG Ombrello, TM Gord, JR Carter, CD AF Miller, Joseph D. Peltier, Scott J. Slipchenko, Mikhail N. Mance, Jason G. Ombrello, Timothy M. Gord, James R. Carter, Campbell D. TI Investigation of transient ignition processes in a model scramjet pilot cavity using simultaneous 100 kHz formaldehyde planar laser-induced fluorescence and CH* chemiluminescence imaging SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Scramjet combustion; Pulse detonation; Ignition; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Burst-mode laser ID SUPERSONIC-FLOW; TURBULENT FLAMES; STABILIZATION; COMBUSTION; ENGINES; SYSTEM; PLIF AB Ignition processes in scramjet pilot cavities are highly transient events that are influenced by factors including freestream Mach number and inlet geometry, turbulence intensity, cavity geometry, ignition source, and fueling composition and flow rate. In particular, the location of the flame kernel and associated propagation rate of the flame front throughout the cavity can significantly influence the end state of the ignition process. In this work formaldehyde (CH2O) was used as a flame marker to track ignition progress in a plane throughout the span-wise width of the cavity, while chemiluminescence imaging provided path-integrated flame location along the span-wise and axial directions. Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) excitation utilized the 355 nm frequency-tripled output of an Nd:YAG burst-mode laser operating at 50-100 kHz over 10 ms with available pulse energy up to 80 mJ. Simultaneous CH* chemiluminescence imaging from the top of the cavity was obtained with a high-speed complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera. A freestream Mach number of 2 with ethylene fuel rates from 55-90 standard liters per minute were examined along with two different ignition sources: a spark discharge and pulse detonator. The resulting formaldehyde PLIF and chemiluminescence images indicate a strong correlation between fueling rate and the delay between the onset of ignition and stable combustion. More importantly, the span-wise propagation rate and structure of the flame front is highly dependent on the fueling rate, burning region, and ignition source. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Miller, Joseph D.; Ombrello, Timothy M.; Gord, James R.; Carter, Campbell D.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Miller, Joseph D.; Ombrello, Timothy M.; Gord, James R.; Carter, Campbell D.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Arbold AFB, TN 45433 USA. [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Mance, Jason G.] LLC, Spectral Energies, Dayton, OH USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Miller, JD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Arbold AFB, TN 45433 USA. EM joseph.miller.35@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX Research funding was provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory under contract number FA8650-15-D-2518 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Chiping Li, Program Manager). The authors also acknowledge technical discussions with Sukesh Roy (Spectral Energies, LLC) and facility operation support from William Terry and Paul Gross (Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc.). This manuscript has been approved for public release (88ABW-2015-5926). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 2 BP 2865 EP 2872 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.060 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EP5ZY UT WOS:000397458900138 ER PT J AU Gibson, GR Taylor, NL Lamo, NC Lackey, JK AF Gibson, Glen R. Taylor, Nicole L. Lamo, Nolan C. Lackey, Jason K. TI Effects of Recent Instability on Cultivated Area Along the Euphrates River in Iraq SO PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER LA English DT Article DE agriculture; conflict; Iraq; land cover change; NDVI ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; MODIS-NDVI DATA; AGRICULTURAL LAND; SATELLITE DATA; WAR; CROPLAND; IMAGERY AB We used MODIS NDVI data to determine whether there was a significant change in cultivated area along the Euphrates River in Iraq after the Iraq War compared to before and during the war. Results revealed that mean cultivated area was largest during the pre-Iraq War period (2000-2003) with 99,115 Mha, reduced some during the early Iraq War period (2003-2006) to 83,480 Mha, reduced even further during the late Iraq War period (2007-2011) to 53,813 Mha due to drought, and increased slightly during the post-Iraq War period (2012-2015) to 69,161 Mha, although not returning to previous highs of the pre-Iraq War or early Iraq War periods. Statistical analysis with the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the small cultivated area during the postIraq War period was more closely related to the late Iraq War and drought period than previous periods, indicating that recent instability, such as political turmoil following the departure of U. S. troops, violent militant extremism, lack of economic investment, and environmental degradation, has had a similar effect on cultivated area as a devastating drought. C1 [Gibson, Glen R.; Taylor, Nicole L.; Lamo, Nolan C.; Lackey, Jason K.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Gibson, GR (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0033-0124 EI 1467-9272 J9 PROF GEOGR JI Prof. Geogr. PY 2017 VL 69 IS 2 BP 163 EP 176 DI 10.1080/00330124.2016.1194216 PG 14 WC Geography SC Geography GA EO6RZ UT WOS:000396821500001 ER PT J AU Veksler, BZ Boyd, R Myers, CW Gunzelmann, G Neth, H Gray, WD AF Veksler, Bella Z. Boyd, Rachel Myers, Christopher W. Gunzelmann, Glenn Neth, Hansjoerg Gray, Wayne D. TI Visual Working Memory Resources Are Best Characterized as Dynamic, Quantifiable Mnemonic Traces SO TOPICS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Cognitive Modeling CY 2016 CL Univ Pk, Penn State, State College, PA HO Univ Pk, Penn State DE Visual working memory; Visual search; ACT-R; Eye tracking; Resource allocation ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; FLUID INTELLIGENCE; DISCRETE RESOURCE; CAPACITY; ALLOCATION; PRECISION; REPRESENTATIONS; CONJUNCTIONS; RESOLUTION; ATTENTION AB Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot-based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous-resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation. C1 [Veksler, Bella Z.; Boyd, Rachel] AFRL, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 711 Human Performance Wing,2620 Q St,Bldg 852, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA. [Myers, Christopher W.; Gunzelmann, Glenn] US Air Force, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Neth, Hansjoerg] Univ Konstanz, Dept Psychol, Constance, Germany. [Gray, Wayne D.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Cognit Sci, Troy, NY 12181 USA. RP Veksler, BZ (reprint author), AFRL, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 711 Human Performance Wing,2620 Q St,Bldg 852, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA. EM bellav717@gmail.com FU Air Force Research Laboratory's Warfighter Readiness Research Division; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [12RH05COR] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory's Warfighter Readiness Research Division and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant #12RH05COR). This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Warfighter Readiness Research Division, Cognitive Models and Agents Branch administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USAFRL. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1756-8757 EI 1756-8765 J9 TOP COGN SCI JI Top. Cogn. Sci. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 9 IS 1 SI SI BP 83 EP 101 DI 10.1111/tops.12248 PG 19 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA EO0QZ UT WOS:000396404300008 PM 28067469 ER PT J AU Zhang, SR Erickson, PJ Zhang, YL Wang, WB Huang, CS Coster, AJ Holt, JM Foster, JF Sulzer, M Kerr, R AF Zhang, Shun-Rong Erickson, Philip J. Zhang, Yongliang Wang, Wenbin Huang, Chaosong Coster, Anthea J. Holt, John M. Foster, John F. Sulzer, Michael Kerr, Robert TI Observations of ion-neutral coupling associated with strong electrodynamic disturbances during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCE; INCOHERENT-SCATTER RADAR; F-REGION; LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; ENHANCED DENSITY; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; GREAT STORM; O+-O; MIDLATITUDE; MIDDLE AB We use incoherent scatter radar observations at Millstone Hill (MHO) and Arecibo (AO) and topside ionosphere in situ Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) observations during the great geomagnetic storm on 17-18 March 2015 to conduct a focused study on ion-neutral coupling and storm time ionosphere and thermosphere dynamics. Some of these observations were made around the time of large ionospheric drifts within a subauroral polarization stream (SAPS). During the storm main phase, we identify multiple disturbance characteristics in the North American late afternoon and dusk sector. (1) Strong subauroral westward drifts occurred between 20 and 24UT near MHO, accompanied by a storm enhanced density plume passage over MHO in the afternoon with a poleward/upward ion drift. The strongly westward flow reached 2000m/s speed near the poleward plume edge. (2) Prompt penetration electric field signatures, appearing as poleward/upward ion drifts on the dayside over both MHO and AO, were consistent with DMSP vertical drift data and contributed to plume development. (3) Meridional wind equatorward surges occurred during daytime hours at MHO, followed by 2-3h period oscillations at both MHO and AO. The zonal electric field at AO was strongly correlated with the wind oscillation. (4) Large ion temperature enhancements as well as 50+m/s upward ion drifts throughout the E and F regions were observed during the SAPS period. These were presumably caused by strong frictional heating due to large plasma drifts. The heating effects appeared to drive significant atmospheric upwelling, and corresponding ion upflow was also observed briefly. This study highlights some of the important effects of fast plasma transport as well as other disturbance dynamics on ion-neutral coupling during a single intensification period within a great geomagnetic storm. C1 [Zhang, Shun-Rong; Erickson, Philip J.; Coster, Anthea J.; Holt, John M.; Foster, John F.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Zhang, Yongliang] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Wang, Wenbin] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Huang, Chaosong] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Sulzer, Michael] SRI Int, Arecibo Observ, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kerr, Robert] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Zhang, SR (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. EM shunrong@haystack.mit.edu FU NASA LWS [NNX15AB83G]; DoD Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University Research Initiative (MURI) project [ONR15-FOA-0011]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1242204, AST-1160876]; Massachusetts Institute of Technology [AGS-1242204]; SRI International [AST-1160876]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS-1242204] FX S.R.Z., P.J.E., Y.Z.,W.W., and C.H. acknowledge NASA LWS funding support (NNX15AB83G). S.R.Z.'s effort is also partially funded by the DoD Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University Research Initiative (MURI) project ONR15-FOA-0011. Ground-based observational data from the incoherent scatter radars and FPIs at both Millstone Hill and Arecibo are obtained through the Madrigal database system (www.openmadrigal.org) developed and maintained by MIT Haystack Observatory. Dst data are obtained from the World Data Center at Kyoto University (http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wdc/Sec3.html). The solar wind data are obtained from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite, and the real-time 1 h average IMF Bz data sets are obtained from the archive at the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/lists/ace2/). Other data used in this study were obtained from the Madrigal database system. ISR observations and analysis at MIT Haystack Observatory are supported by cooperative agreement AGS-1242204 between the National Science Foundation and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ISR observations at Arecibo Observatory are supported by cooperative agreement AST-1160876 between the National Science Foundation and SRI International. GPS TEC data products and access through the Madrigal distributed data system are provided to the community by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under support from U.S. National Science Foundation grant AGS-1242204. Data for the TEC processing are provided from the following organizations: UNAVCO, Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center, Institut Geographique National, France, International GNSS Service, The Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS), National Geodetic Survey, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica, RAMSAC CORS of Instituto Geogrfico Nacional del la Repblica Agentina, Arecibo Observatory, Low-Latitude Ionospheric Sensor Network (LISN), Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc., Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network, Institute of Geology and Geophysics (Chinese Academy of Sciences), China Meterorology Administration, Centro di Ricerche Sismogiche, Systme d'Observation du Niveau des Eaux Littorales (SONEL), RENAG : REseau NAtional GPS permanent, and GeoNet-the official source of geological hazard information for New Zealand. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PY 2017 VL 122 IS 1 BP 1314 EP 1337 DI 10.1002/2016JA023307 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EM9UE UT WOS:000395655800093 ER PT J AU Anderson, JE Neff, LP Choi, DX AF Anderson, Jamie E. Neff, Lucas P. Choi, Daniel X. TI Breast Disease Treatment in a US Military Hospital in Afghanistan SO BREAST JOURNAL LA English DT Letter RP Choi, DX (reprint author), United States Air Force, David Grant Med Ctr, 60 SGCS SGCQ, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis, CA 94535 USA. EM daniel.choi.3@US.AF.Mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1075-122X EI 1524-4741 J9 BREAST J JI Breast J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 23 IS 1 BP 116 EP 117 DI 10.1111/tbj.12698 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA EO1ML UT WOS:000396462500025 PM 27696612 ER PT J AU Steen, SM Mo, JK Kang, ZY Yang, GQ Zhang, FY AF Steen, Stuart M., III Mo, Jingke Kang, Zhenye Yang, Gaoqiang Zhang, Feng-Yuan TI Investigation of titanium liquid/gas diffusion layers in proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy; liquid; gas diffusion layer; proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell; porosity; thickness ID PEM FUEL-CELLS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; MICROPOROUS LAYER; BIPOLAR PLATES; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; WATER ELECTROLYSERS; 2-PHASE TRANSPORT; CATALYST LAYER; FLOW-FIELD; PERFORMANCE AB In a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell (PEMEC), liquid/gas diffusion layer (LGDL) is expected to transport electrons, heat, and reactants/products to and from the catalyst layer with minimum voltage, current, thermal, interfacial, and fluidic losses. In addition, carbon materials, which are typically used in PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), are unsuitable in PEMECs due to the high ohmic potential and highly oxidative environment of the oxygen electrode. In this study, a set of titanium gas diffusion layers with different thicknesses and porosities are designed and examined coupled with the development of a robust titanium bipolar plate. It has been found that the performance of electrolyzer improves along with a decrease in thickness or porosity of the anode LGDL of titanium woven meshes. The ohmic resistance of anode LGDL and contact resistance between anode LGDL and the anode catalyst play dominant roles in electrolyzer performance, and better performance can be obtained by reducing ohmic resistance. Thin titanium LGDLs with straight-through pores and optimal pore morphologies are recommended for the future developments of low-cost LGDLs with minimum ohmic/transport losses. C1 [Steen, Stuart M., III; Mo, Jingke; Kang, Zhenye; Yang, Gaoqiang; Zhang, Feng-Yuan] Univ Tennessee, UT Space Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Nanodynam & High Efficiency Lab Prop & Power, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. [Steen, Stuart M., III] Arnold Engn Dev Complex, Arnold AFB, TN USA. RP Zhang, FY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, UT Space Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Nanodynam & High Efficiency Lab Prop & Power, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. EM fzhang@utk.edu FU US Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0011585] FX The authors greatly appreciate the support from the US Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award DE-FE0011585. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1543-5075 EI 1543-5083 J9 INT J GREEN ENERGY JI Int. J. Green Energy PY 2017 VL 14 IS 2 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.1080/15435075.2016.1253582 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA EL2MA UT WOS:000394452600007 ER PT J AU Alyanak, EJ Pendleton, E AF Alyanak, Edward J. Pendleton, Ed TI Aeroelastic Tailoring and Active Aeroelastic Wing Impact on a Lambda Wing Configuration SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP AIAA, ISSMO ID COMPOSITE WINGS; TECHNOLOGY; PROGRAM; OPTIMIZATION AB Two aeroelastic design approaches are applied to a supersonic lambda wing configuration with the goal of improving the wing's aeroelastic performance. Aeroelastic tailoring and active aeroelastic wing technologies are investigated in a sequential manner to quantify their benefits. Industry-standard tools are used to perform these design studies. First, a finite element model of a lambda wing is developed. Second, eight structural variants of the finite element model are created to study variations in wing stiffness. Finally, two sizing optimization processes are applied. The first is an aeroelastic sizing approach standard to MSC NASTRAN, and the second is an active aeroelastic wing design process, which is presented in this paper. The latter process integrates control and structural sizing design variables together. Both of these processes are used to size all eight structural variants. The optimized variants are compared based on weight and control surface effectiveness. Additionally, the optimal variations in percent ply utilization over the wing for the lightest weight concept are explored. It is found that applying aeroelastic tailoring simultaneously with active aeroelastic wing has the potential to reduce the aircraft gross takeoff weight by 7% in lambda wing configurations. C1 [Alyanak, Edward J.; Pendleton, Ed] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Design & Anal Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Alyanak, EJ (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Design & Anal Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 54 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.2514/1.C033040 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EM8HY UT WOS:000395553300001 ER PT J AU Just, LW DeLuca, AM Palazotto, AN AF Just, Lucas W. DeLuca, Anthony M. Palazotto, Anthony N. TI Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of an Icosahedron Frame which Exhibits Chaotic Behavior SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND NONLINEAR DYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB The research question addressed is whether a lighter than air vehicle (LTAV), which uses an internal vacuum to become positively buoyant, can be designed to provide extended loiter for U.S. Air Force applications. To achieve a vacuum, internal gases are evacuated from the vessel, which creates a dynamic response in the supporting structural frame. This paper considers the frame of an icosahedron shaped LTAV subject to external atmospheric pressure evacuated at varying rates. A static finite element analysis documented in previous research revealed a snapback phenomenon in the frame members under certain loading conditions. A nonlinear chaotic response was observed when a dynamic analysis was conducted with the same boundary conditions used in the static analysis. The chaotic response for a variety of boundary conditions, generated by varying the rate of evacuation, similar to a ramp input, is determined. An analysis of the dynamic response is determined nonlinearly using a method that relies on a reference point distribution of external pressures to distribute the surface force across the frame. A novel method of combining the power spectral density with a Lyapunov exponent was used to determine the degree of nonlinearity and chaotic response for each boundary condition examined. C1 [Just, Lucas W.] US Air Force, Natl Air & Space Intelligence Ctr, Inst Technol, 4180 Watson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [DeLuca, Anthony M.; Palazotto, Anthony N.] US Air Force, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Just, LW (reprint author), US Air Force, Natl Air & Space Intelligence Ctr, Inst Technol, 4180 Watson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX The writers would like to thank Dr. Wolf, of Cooper Union in New York, for his time explaining the concept of information chaos theory, and providing insights into how it might be a useful tool in nonlinear system analysis. Also, thanks to Dr. David Stargel from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for giving an interest and the requisite intellectual and tactical motivation to purse the subject area, and for providing the funding necessary to complete the research. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1555-1423 EI 1555-1415 J9 J COMPUT NONLIN DYN JI J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 12 IS 1 AR 011006 DI 10.1115/1.4034265 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA EM2WY UT WOS:000395177700006 ER PT J AU Morgan, VA Jhant, J Ellison, J Varela, A Carpenter, W AF Morgan, Victoria A. Jhant, Joanna Ellison, Justin Varela, Armando Carpenter, Will TI PRACTICAL GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS BY ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Morgan, Victoria A.] US Air Force, Joint Base Langley Eustis, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. [Jhant, Joanna] Metroplex Hlth Syst, TeamHlth, Kileen, TX USA. [Varela, Armando] AirMethods, Prescott, AZ USA. [Carpenter, Will] Vet Affairs Hosp, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Morgan, VA (reprint author), US Air Force, Joint Base Langley Eustis, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. EM Vmorgan220@gmail.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-1767 EI 1527-2966 J9 J EMERG NURS JI J. Emerg. Nurs. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 43 IS 1 BP 72 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.jen.2016.08.014 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine; Nursing SC Emergency Medicine; Nursing GA EO1HA UT WOS:000396447900018 PM 27773334 ER PT J AU Doty, J Yerkes, K Byrd, L Murthy, J Alleyne, A Wolff, M Heister, S Fisher, TS AF Doty, J. Yerkes, K. Byrd, L. Murthy, J. Alleyne, A. Wolff, M. Heister, S. Fisher, T. S. TI Dynamic Thermal Management for Aerospace Technology: Review and Outlook SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID LOOP HEAT-PIPE; STOCHASTIC COLLOCATION APPROACH; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS; UNCERTAINTY; PERFORMANCE; STORAGE; ATOMIZATION; OPERATION; MODELS AB Thermal energy is composed, by definition, of randomized carriers and is often an unwanted byproduct of human-engineered functions such as propulsion, communications, and directed forms of other types of energy. This inherent randomness greatly impedes the "orderly" management and control of heat, particularly when compared to electrical energy (e.g., power distribution lines) and optical energy (e.g., fiber optics). The thermal conductivities of common solids, for example, span only a few orders of magnitude, whereas electrical conductivities vary by 10 or more orders. Further, chemical and electrical energy can be stored and released with relative ease, whereas thermal storage materials and systems are typically bulky and inefficient. Motivated by critical aerospace needs to develop transformative thermal management strategies, particularly for high-flux, episodic heat loads within the tightly weight- and volume-constrained environment of aerospace vehicles, this paper provides an overview of prospective strategies and technologies that can address these challenges by exploiting the transient nature of the required cooling while also providing insights into the commensurate uncertainty quantification and control methods that will be essential to their eventual transition to practical applications. C1 [Doty, J.] Univ Dayton, Dept Engn Management, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Yerkes, K.; Byrd, L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Power & Control Div, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Murthy, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Ernest Cockrell Jr Mem Chair Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Alleyne, A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wolff, M.] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Heister, S.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Fisher, T. S.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Fisher, T. S.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Fisher, TS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Fisher, TS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM tsfisher@purdue.edu FU Center for Integrated Thermal Management of Aerospace Vehicles - Aerospace Systems Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Center for Integrated Thermal Management of Aerospace Vehicles, funded by the Aerospace Systems Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0887-8722 EI 1533-6808 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 31 IS 1 BP 86 EP 98 DI 10.2514/1.T4701 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA EM1UK UT WOS:000395102400009 ER PT J AU Yang, YC Kim, ND Varshney, V Sihn, S Li, YL Roy, AK Tour, JM Lou, J AF Yang, Yingchao Kim, Nam Dong Varshney, Vikas Sihn, Sangwook Li, Yilun Roy, Ajit K. Tour, James M. Lou, Jun TI In situ mechanical investigation of carbon nanotube-graphene junction in three-dimensional carbon nanostructures SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID INTERFACIAL STRENGTH; PILLARED-GRAPHENE; SUPERCAPACITORS; TRANSPORT; NETWORK; ARRAYS; LAYERS; ROPES AB Hierarchically organized three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanotubes/graphene (CNTs/graphene) hybrid nanostructures hold great promises in composite and battery applications. Understanding the junction strength between CNTs and graphene is crucial for utilizing such special nanostructures. Here, in situ pulling an individual CNT bundle out of graphene is carried out for the first time using a nanomechanical tester developed in-house, and the measured junction strength of CNTs/graphene is 2.23 +/- 0.56 GPa. The post transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of remained graphene after peeling off CNT forest confirms that the failure during pull-out test occurs at the CNT-graphene junction. Such a carefully designed study makes it possible to better understand the interfacial interactions between CNTs and graphene in the 3D CNTs/graphene nanostructures. The coupled experimental and computational effort suggests that the junction between the CNTs and the graphene layer is likely to be chemically bonded, or at least consisting of a mixture of chemical bonding and van der Waals interactions. C1 [Yang, Yingchao; Tour, James M.; Lou, Jun] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kim, Nam Dong; Li, Yilun; Tour, James M.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Varshney, Vikas; Sihn, Sangwook; Roy, Ajit K.] AFRL RXAN, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Sihn, Sangwook] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Tour, James M.] Rice Univ, NanoCarbon Ctr, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Tour, JM; Lou, J (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Tour, JM (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Roy, AK (reprint author), AFRL RXAN, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Tour, JM (reprint author), Rice Univ, NanoCarbon Ctr, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM ajit.roy@us.af.mil; tour@rice.edu; jlou@rice.edu OI Tour, James/0000-0002-8479-9328 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI Grant [FA9550-12-1-0035] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this research by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI Grant FA9550-12-1-0035. Y. Y. would like to thank Benjamin Freeman, Qizhong Wang, and Tyler Houseweart for the contribution in building nanomechanical tester. Y. Y. and N. K. contributed equally to this work. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 EI 2040-3372 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PY 2017 VL 9 IS 8 BP 2916 EP 2924 DI 10.1039/c6nr09897e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EN2YM UT WOS:000395876200028 PM 28181613 ER PT J AU Gauger, EM Casnovsky, LL Gauger, EJ Bohn, DC Van Heest, AE AF Gauger, Erich M. Casnovsky, Lauren L. Gauger, Erica J. Bohn, Deborah C. Van Heest, Ann E. TI Acquired Upper Extremity Growth Arrest SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID CUBITUS VARUS; DEFORMITY CORRECTION; PHYSEAL ARREST; CHILDREN; OSTEOTOMY; MANAGEMENT; ADOLESCENTS; FRACTURES; PATTERNS; HUMERUS AB This study reviewed the clinical history and management of acquired growth arrest in the upper extremity in pediatric patients. The records of all patients presenting from 1996 to 2012 with radiographically proven acquired growth arrest were reviewed. Records were examined to determine the etiology and site of growth arrest, management, and complications. Patients with tumors or hereditary etiology were excluded. A total of 44 patients (24 boys and 20 girls) with 51 physeal arrests who presented at a mean age of 10.6 years (range, 0.8-18.2 years) were included in the study. The distal radius was the most common site (n=24), followed by the distal humerus (n=8), metacarpal (n=6), distal ulna (n=5), proximal humerus (n=4), radial head (n=3), and olecranon (n=1). Growth arrest was secondary to trauma (n=22), infection (n=11), idiopathy (n=6), inflammation (n=2), compartment syndrome (n=2), and avascular necrosis (n=1). Twenty-six patients (59%) underwent surgical intervention to address deformity caused by the physeal arrest. Operative procedures included ipsilateral unaffected bone epiphysiodesis (n=21), shortening osteotomy (n=10), lengthening osteotomy (n=8), excision of physeal bar or bone fragment (n=2), angular correction osteotomy (n=1), and creation of single bone forearm (n=1). Four complications occurred; 3 of these required additional procedures. Acquired upper extremity growth arrest usually is caused by trauma or infection, and the most frequent site is the distal radius. Growth disturbances due to premature arrest can be treated effectively with epiphysiodesis or osteotomy. In this series, the specific site of anatomic growth arrest was the primary factor in determining treatment. C1 [Gauger, Erich M.] US Air Force Acad, Med Grp 10, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Casnovsky, Lauren L.; Gauger, Erica J.; Bohn, Deborah C.; Van Heest, Ann E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Bohn, Deborah C.] TRIA Orthopaed Ctr, Bloomington, MN USA. RP Van Heest, AE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM vanhe003@umn.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 EI 1938-2367 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 40 IS 1 BP E95 EP E103 DI 10.3928/01477447-20160926-07 PG 9 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA EP0MW UT WOS:000397082400014 ER PT J AU Riggs, S Perry, T Dowben, J Burson, R AF Riggs, Shane Perry, Thomas Dowben, Jonathan Burson, Rebecca TI Vive La France: Three Delusional Disorders Originally Reported in the French Medical Literature SO PERSPECTIVES IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE LA English DT Article DE Capgras; Cotard; delusions; folie a deux ID FOLIE-A-DEUX AB Delusions as a feature of psychosis have long captured the fascination of both psychiatry and the public at large. The French first described three famous delusions: the Cotard delusion, folie a deux, and Capgras delusion. In this article, we examine a case illustrating each delusion and the hallmark features of each as well as a brief discussion about the current understanding of these disorders. C1 [Riggs, Shane; Perry, Thomas; Dowben, Jonathan; Burson, Rebecca] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Riggs, Shane; Burson, Rebecca] US Air Force, Dept Behav Med, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Joint Base San Antonio F, TX 78234 USA. [Dowben, Jonathan] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Joint Base San Antonio F, TX USA. RP Riggs, S (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.; Riggs, S (reprint author), US Air Force, Dept Behav Med, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Joint Base San Antonio F, TX 78234 USA. EM riggss@uthscsa.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-5990 EI 1744-6163 J9 PERSPECT PSYCHIATR C JI Perspect. Psychiatr. Care PD JAN PY 2017 VL 53 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.1111/ppc.12176 PG 5 WC Nursing; Psychiatry SC Nursing; Psychiatry GA EL1OA UT WOS:000394388500002 PM 27439544 ER PT J AU Liao, TH Ding, KH Tsang, L AF Liao, Tien-Hao Ding, Kung-Hau Tsang, Leung TI High Order Extractions of Broadband Green's Function with Low Wavenumber Extractions for Arbitrary Shaped Waveguide SO PROGRESS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH-PIER LA English DT Article ID FOLDY-LAX EQUATIONS; VIAS AB In this paper we develop a higher order extraction method to accelerate the convergence in the computation of broadband Green's function (BBGFL) for an arbitrary shaped homogeneous waveguide. The broadband Green's function is based on modal expansions in which the modal field solutions are frequency independent. The higher order extraction is obtained by using three low wavenumbers in extraction. It gives a modal expansion of Broadband Green's Function with 6th order convergence requiring fewer evanescent modes for convergence. Numerical results are illustrated for both lossless and lossy dielectric cases. The accuracy of results are verified with direct method of moment (MoM) and HFSS. The higher order BBGFL method is computationally efficient for broadband simulations. C1 [Liao, Tien-Hao; Tsang, Leung] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ding, Kung-Hau] US Air Force, Antenna & Electromagnet Technol Branch, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Liao, TH (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM tienliao@umich.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E M W PUBLISHING PI CAMBRIDGE PA PO BOX 425517, KENDALL SQUARE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1559-8985 J9 PROG ELECTROMAGN RES JI Prog. Electromagn. Res. PY 2017 VL 158 BP 7 EP 20 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA EO5QB UT WOS:000396746700002 ER PT J AU Thomas, BJ Harruff-Miller, BA Lewis, WK AF Thomas, Brandon J. Harruff-Miller, Barbara A. Lewis, William K. TI Note: A simple detection method for helium droplet spectroscopy experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID SUPERFLUID-HELIUM; MOLECULES; LIQUID AB Helium droplet methods are currently established as a premier experimental technique for the production and spectroscopic study of novel clusters and complexes. Unfortunately, some of the essential equipment required to perform the experiments, such as the detector used to monitor photon-induced depletion of the helium droplet beam, can be relatively large, complex, and expensive. Most often this detector is a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). In this report, we describe the development and evaluation of an extremely simple, straightforward, small, and inexpensive droplet beam detector for use in helium droplet spectroscopy experiments and compare its performance to that of a QMS by recording the infrared spectra of helium droplets doped with either (CO2)-C-13 or CD4. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Thomas, Brandon J.] US FDA, Div Pharmaceut Anal, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Harruff-Miller, Barbara A.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Energy Technol & Mat Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Lewis, William K.] US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Thomas, Brandon J.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Lewis, WK (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM William.Lewis.49@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR-15RQCOR105] FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), and Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) through the support of Dr. Michael Berman under AFOSR Award No. LRIR-15RQCOR105. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 88 IS 1 AR 016101 DI 10.1063/1.4973775 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA EM6BD UT WOS:000395396900066 PM 28147675 ER PT J AU Bauer, W Fox, C Gosse, R Perram, G AF Bauer, William Fox, Charlie Gosse, Ryan Perram, Glen TI Visible emission from C-2 and CN during cw laser-irradiated graphite SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE graphite; cw laser irradiation; optical emission spectroscopy; C-2; CN; surface temperatures ID OPTICAL-EMISSION; CARBON PLASMA; SWAN SYSTEM; SPECTROSCOPY; NITROGEN; ABLATION; SPECTRA; DENSITY; AMBIENT; BANDS AB Porous graphite samples were irradiated with up to 3.5 kW/cm(2) and 1 MJ deposited energy from a continuous wave ytterbium 1.07-mu m fiber laser. Visible emission spectroscopy reveals C-2 Swan (d(3)Pi(g)-a(3)Pi(u)) Delta v = +/- 2, +/- 1, and 0 sequences, CN red (A(2)Pi-X-2 Sigma(+)) Delta v = -4, -3 sequences, CN violet (B-2 Sigma(+)-X-2 Sigma(+)) Delta v = +1,0 sequences, and Li, Na, and (KP3/2,1/2)-P-2-S-2(1/2) doublets. Surface temperatures increased from similar to 2500 K at 0.7 kW/cm(2) to similar to 4000 K at 3.5 kW/cm(2). Spectral emissivity at 3.9 mu m ranging from 0.74 to 0.93 increases by similar to 8% after laser irradiation. Spectral simulations demonstrate that the ratio of C-2(d) and CN(A) column densities are independent of sample porosity. Column densities increase from 0.00093 to 1.6x10(12) molecules/cm(2) for CN(A) and 0.00014 to 1.4x10(9) molecules/cm(2) for C-2(d) as laser intensity increases from 1.4 to 3.5 kW/cm(2). Surface temperatures increase by 134 K and CN(A) and C-2(d) emissions increase by 100% and 4200%, respectively, in stagnation air flow of 5 m/s. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Bauer, William; Fox, Charlie; Perram, Glen] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Fox, Charlie] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gosse, Ryan] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 2210 8th St,B20146, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Perram, G (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM glen.perram@afit.edu FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Air Force Research Laboratory; Laser Hardened Material Evaluation Laboratory at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio FX This work was funded in part by a grant from the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office and by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors greatly appreciate the access to and support from the Laser Hardened Material Evaluation Laboratory at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 56 IS 1 AR 011017 DI 10.1117/1.OE.56.1.011017 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA EO0LN UT WOS:000396389400020 ER PT J AU Phillips, GT Bauer, WA Fox, CD Gonzales, AE Herr, NC Gosse, RC Perram, GP AF Phillips, Grady T. Bauer, William A. Fox, Charles D. Gonzales, Ashley E. Herr, Nicholas C. Gosse, Ryan C. Perram, Glen P. TI Mass removal by oxidation and sublimation of porous graphite during fiber laser irradiation SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE porous graphite; fiber laser damage; mass changes; oxidation; sublimation ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; ABLATION; EROSION; TEMPERATURES; RADIATION; PARTICLES; POLYMERS; KINETICS; BEAM; BED AB The various effects of laser heating of carbon materials are key to assessing laser weapon effectiveness. Porous graphite plates, cylinders, and cones with densities of 1.55 to 1.82 g/cm(3) were irradiated by a 10-kW fiber laser at 0.075 to 3.525 kW/cm(2) for 120 s to study mass removal and crater formation. Surface temperatures reached steady state values as high as 3767 K. The total decrease in sample mass ranged from 0.06 to 6.29 g, with crater volumes of 0.52 to 838 mm(3), and penetration times for 12.7-mm-thick plates as short as 38 s. Minor contaminants in the graphite samples produced calcium and iron oxide to be redeposited on the graphite surface. Dramatic graphite crystalline structures are also produced at higher laser irradiances. Significantly increased porosity of the sample is observed even outside the laser-irradiated region. Total mass removed increases with deposited laser energy at a rate of 4.83 g/MJ for medium extruded graphite with an apparent threshold of 0.15 MJ. At similar to 3.5 kW/cm(2), the fractions of the mass removed from the cylindrical samples in the crater, surrounding trench, and outer region of decreased porosity are 38%, 47%, and 15%, respectively. Graphite is particularly resistant to damage by high power lasers. The new understanding of graphite combustion and sublimation during laser irradiation is vital to the more complex behavior of carbon composites. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Phillips, Grady T.; Bauer, William A.; Fox, Charles D.; Gonzales, Ashley E.; Herr, Nicholas C.; Perram, Glen P.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Phillips, Grady T.; Fox, Charles D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gosse, Ryan C.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 2210 8th St,B20146, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Perram, GP (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM glen.perram@afit.edu FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Air Force Research Laboratory; Laser Hardened Material Evaluation Laboratory at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio FX This work was funded in part by a grant from the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office and by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors greatly appreciate the access to and support from the Laser Hardened Material Evaluation Laboratory at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 56 IS 1 AR 011013 DI 10.1117/1.OE.56.1.011013 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA EO0LN UT WOS:000396389400016 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Zhao, SS Zhang, LC Liu, Y Li, XY Lu, YL AF Zhao, Yuan Zhao, Shasha Zhang, Lichun Liu, Yu Li, Xiyu Lu, Yalin TI A three-dimensional Au nanoparticle-monolayer graphene-Ag hexagon nanoarray structure for high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS; CATALYTIC-REACTIONS; HYBRID FILMS; HOT-SPOTS; SERS; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURES; SUBSTRATE; MOLECULES AB Integration of graphene with plasmonic metal nanoparticles (NPs) holds great promise for constructing high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Here, we fabricate an artificial three-dimensional (3D) SERS substrate by assembling Au NPs on graphene supported with electron beam lithography-fabricated Ag hexagon nanoarrays (HNAs). Through modulation of the structures to sufficiently narrow interparticle spaces, we have created high-density sub-10 nm gaps between the horizontally patterned Ag hexagons with an excellent uniformity. Moreover, nanometer-scale gaps were formed with the successful embedding of monolayer graphene (1LG) between Au NPs and Ag HNAs. Finite element numerical simulations revealed the electric field enhancement effect for the 3D hybrid system with a maximum of 107 due to the multi-dimensional plasmonic couplings including Au NP-Au NP, Au NP-Ag hexagon and Ag hexagon-Ag hexagon couplings. By combining the SERS activity and high order of Ag HNAs, the chemical stability of Au, and the single-atomic thickness of graphene, the fabricated 3D Au NP-1LG-Ag HNA structure exhibits a 3107-fold enhancement of the Raman response of graphene and high SERS sensitivity with a detection limit down to 0.1 pM for Rhodamine 6G molecules, as well as good reliability and stability. In addition, the 3D SERS substrate facilitated the simultaneous detection of both Rhodamine 6G and crystal violet molecules. This work represents a step towards high-performance SERS substrate fabrication, and opens a new window to the rational design of graphene-plasmonic hybrids for SERS applications. C1 [Zhao, Yuan; Zhang, Lichun] Ludong Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn, Yantai 264025, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Yuan; Liu, Yu; Li, Xiyu; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Shasha] 1 Middle Sch Hekou, Dongying 257200, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), Ludong Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn, Yantai 264025, Peoples R China.; Zhao, Y; Li, XY; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM zhaoyuan@ldu.edu.cn; lixiyuzy@163.com; yalin.lu@usafa.edu FU Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2016EMP01]; Innovation Project of Ludong University [LA 2016003]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11504155]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922001] FX This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, and we thank Chenggang Zhou, Kun Zhang, Dianfa Zhou, Jinlan Peng, Xiuxia Wang, Linjun Wang and Haibin Zhang for their technical support. We appreciate the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016EMP01), Innovation Project of Ludong University (LA 2016003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11504155) and the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922001). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2017 VL 7 IS 20 BP 11904 EP 11912 DI 10.1039/c6ra27973b PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EN2XL UT WOS:000395873500012 ER PT J AU Garcia, E Cao, YC Casbeer, DW AF Garcia, Eloy Cao, Yongcan Casbeer, David W. TI Periodic Event-Triggered Synchronization of Linear Multi-Agent Systems With Communication Delays SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Consensus; event-triggered control; multi-agent system ID DOUBLE-INTEGRATOR DYNAMICS; SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS; CONSENSUS PROBLEMS; AVERAGE CONSENSUS; NETWORKS AB Multi-agent systems' cooperation to achieve global goals is usually limited by sensing, actuation, and communication issues. At the local level, continuous measurement and actuation is only approximated by the use of digital mechanisms that measure and process information in order to compute and update new control input values at discrete time instants. Interaction with other agents takes place, in general, through a digital communication channel with limited bandwidth where transmission of continuous-time signals is not possible. This technical note considers the problem of consensus (or synchronization of state trajectories) of multi-agent systems that are described by general linear dynamics and are connected using undirected graphs. The proposed event-triggered consensus protocol not only avoids the need for continuous communication between agents but also provides a decentralized method for transmission of information in the presence of time-varying communication delays, where each agent decides its own broadcasting time instants based only on local information. This method gives more flexibility for scheduling information broadcasting compared to periodic and sampled-data implementations. C1 [Garcia, Eloy] Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Garcia, Eloy; Casbeer, David W.] Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Cao, Yongcan] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Garcia, E (reprint author), Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.; Garcia, E (reprint author), Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM elgarcia@infoscitex.com FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Laboratory Research Initiation Request (LRIR) [12RB07COR] FX This work was supported in part by Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Laboratory Research Initiation Request (LRIR) 12RB07COR. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9286 EI 1558-2523 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD JAN PY 2017 VL 62 IS 1 BP 366 EP 371 DI 10.1109/TAC.2016.2555484 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA EM7LM UT WOS:000395492500026 ER PT J AU Morath, CP Garduno, EA Cowan, VM Jenkins, G AF Morath, Christian P. Garduno, Eli A. Cowan, Vincent M. Jenkins, Geoffrey TI More Accurate Quantum Efficiency Damage Factor for Proton-Irradiated, III-V-Based Unipolar Barrier Infrared Detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 11-15, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Radiat Effects Comm DE Damage factor; infrared detector; nBn; proton irradiation; quantum efficiency; unipolar barrier ID PHOTODIODES AB Ongoing studies to characterize and improve the radiation tolerance of the quantum efficiency (QE) in III-V-based, unipolar barrier infrared detectors, such as nBn's, require accurate knowledge of the detector QE damage factor. Here, results of such studies are described which demonstrated that a QE damage factor determined from the slope of the apparent linear relationship between inverse QE and proton fluence was more accurate than the previous method. Comparatively, the new approach did not require truncating the fitting range and it more clearly demonstrated the expected monotonically decreasing relationship between QE damage factor and relative amount of absorber layer grading in nBn detectors. Simulations were then done which supported this finding. Results from a similar study of HgCdTe photodiodes indicated an identical linear behavior which then abruptly saturated at higher proton fluence. Additional simulation suggested photo-collection here also relied on drift, which thereby limited the total effects of displacement damage on QE. C1 [Morath, Christian P.; Garduno, Eli A.; Cowan, Vincent M.; Jenkins, Geoffrey] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Morath, CP (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM christian.morath.2@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory FX The authors hereby acknowledge the Air Force Research Laboratory for its continued support, Raytheon Vision Systems, Sandia National Labs and others, for providing the samples used for this work and other members of the Infrared Radiation Effects Laboratory from Ball Aerospace, including Dr. John Hubbs and Dr. Paul Marshall, who assisted with the irradiation experiments. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 64 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2634500 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EO0RB UT WOS:000396404500012 ER PT J AU Chen, W Fang, R Barnaby, HJ Balaban, MB Gonzalez-Velo, Y Taggart, JL Mahmud, A Holbert, K Edwards, AH Kozicki, MN AF Chen, W. Fang, R. Barnaby, H. J. Balaban, M. B. Gonzalez-Velo, Y. Taggart, J. L. Mahmud, A. Holbert, K. Edwards, A. H. Kozicki, M. N. TI Total-Ionizing-Dose Effects on Resistance Stability of Programmable Metallization Cell Based Memory and Selectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 11-15, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Radiat Effects Comm DE Chalcogenide glasses; gamma-ray radiation; non-volatile switching; programmable metallization cell (PMC); selector device; SiO2; total ionizing dose (TID); volatile switching ID RESISTIVE-SWITCHING MEMORY; RADIATION; DIFFUSION; CRYSTALLIZATION; CHALCOGENIDES; SYNAPSE; METALS; DEVICE; AG AB In this paper, the operation and effects of radiation on Programmable Metallization Cells (PMC) memory and selector devices are analyzed and discussed. The Ag- or Cu-Ge30Se70 devices demonstrate non-volatile memory switching characteristics while the Ag- or Cu-SiO2 devices show a volatile threshold switching property. The impact of total ionizing dose from gamma-ray irradiation on both device types is investigated experimentally. It is found that the virgin and high-resistance state of Ge30Se70 memory devices degrade after gamma-ray exposure while they are well preserved in SiO2 selector devices. C1 [Chen, W.; Fang, R.; Barnaby, H. J.; Balaban, M. B.; Gonzalez-Velo, Y.; Taggart, J. L.; Mahmud, A.; Holbert, K.; Kozicki, M. N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Edwards, A. H.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM wchen113@asu.edu OI Chen, Wenhao/0000-0003-0781-0180 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-11-1-0055]; Air Force Research Laboratory Det 8/RVKVE [FA9452-13-1-0288] FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Grant HDTRA1-11-1-0055 and the Air Force Research Laboratory Det 8/RVKVE under Grant FA9452-13-1-0288. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 64 IS 1 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2618359 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EO0RB UT WOS:000396404500040 ER PT J AU Rankin, BA Fotia, ML Naples, AG Stevens, CA Hoke, JL Kaemming, TA Theuerkauf, SW Schauer, FR AF Rankin, Brent A. Fotia, Matthew L. Naples, Andrew G. Stevens, Christopher A. Hoke, John L. Kaemming, Thomas A. Theuerkauf, Scott W. Schauer, Frederick R. TI Overview of Performance, Application, and Analysis of Rotating Detonation Engine Technologies SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID CONTINUOUS-SPIN DETONATION; HYDROGEN-OXYGEN MIXTURES; CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; BEHAVIOR; WAVES; PROPULSION; COMBUSTOR; MODEL AB Recent accomplishments related to the performance, application, and analysis of rotating detonation engine technologies are discussed. The pioneering development of optically accessible rotating detonation engines coupled with the application of established diagnostic techniques is enabling a new research direction. In particular, OH* chemiluminescence images of detonations propagating through the annular channel of a rotating detonation engine are reported and appear remarkably similar to computational fluid dynamic results of rotating detonation engines published in the literature. Specific impulse measurements of rotating detonation engines and pulsed detonation engines are shown to be quantitatively similar for engines operating on hydrogen/air and ethylene/air mixtures. The encouraging results indicate that rotating detonation engines are capable of producing thrust with fuel efficiencies that are similar to those associated with pulsed detonation engines while operating on gaseous hydrocarbon fuels. A rotating detonation engine is coupled with a turboshaft engine for the first time. The performance of the rotating detonation engine gas turbine engine is similar to or better than that of the conventional gas turbine engine across a broad range of operating conditions. Realizing the advantages of pressure gain combustion in rotating detonation engines is enabling new combustion system design opportunities and supporting the development of efficient and sustainable power and propulsion technologies. C1 [Rankin, Brent A.; Theuerkauf, Scott W.; Schauer, Frederick R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 1790 Loop Road, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Fotia, Matthew L.; Naples, Andrew G.; Stevens, Christopher A.; Hoke, John L.; Kaemming, Thomas A.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 7610 McEwen Road, Dayton, OH 45459 USA. RP Rankin, BA (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, 1790 Loop Road, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX The research described in this paper has been conducted with support from many organizations including the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Research Laboratory, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Naval Research Laboratory, and Office of Naval Research. Portions of this research were performed while Brent Rankin and Matthew Fotia held National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors thank Joshua Codoni, Justin Goeffena, James Nees, Curtis Rice, Daniel Richardson, and Brian Sell for their contributions to this work. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 EI 1533-3876 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JAN PY 2017 VL 33 IS 1 BP 131 EP 143 DI 10.2514/1.B36303 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EK2SX UT WOS:000393778100013 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Yang, D Li, XY Liu, Y Hu, X Zhou, DF Lu, YL AF Zhao, Yuan Yang, Dong Li, Xiyu Liu, Yu Hu, Xiang Zhou, Dianfa Lu, Yalin TI Toward highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering: the design of a 3D hybrid system with monolayer graphene sandwiched between silver nanohole arrays and gold nanoparticles SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS; HOT-SPOTS; SERS DETECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURES; FILMS; SUBSTRATE; OXIDE; AG AB We report a novel graphene-metal hybrid system by introducing monolayer graphene between gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and silver nanohole (Ag NH) arrays. The design incorporates three key advantages to promote the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing capacity: (i) making full use of the single-atomic feature of graphene for generating uniform sub-nanometer spaces; (ii) maintaining the bottom layer of Ag nanoarrays with an ordered manner for facilitating the transfer of graphene films and assembly of the top layer of Au NPs; (iii) integrating the advantages of the strong plasmonic effect of Ag, the chemical stability of Au, as well as the mechanical flexibility and biological compatibility of graphene. In this configuration, the plasmonic properties can be fine-tuned by separately optimizing the horizontal or vertical gaps between the metal NPs. Exactly, sub-20 nm spaces between the horizontally patterned Ag tips constructed by adjacent Ag NHs, and sub-nanometer scale graphene gaps between the vertically distributed Au NP-Ag NH have been achieved. Finite element numerical simulations demonstrate that the multi-dimensional plasmonic couplings (including the Au NP-Au NP, Au NP-Ag NH and Ag NH-Ag NH couplings) promote for the hybrid platform an electric field enhancement up to 137 times. Impressively, the as-prepared 3D Au NP-graphene-Ag NH array hybrid structure manifests ultrahigh SERS sensitivity with a detection limit of 10(-13) M for R6G molecules, as well as good reproducibility and stability. This work represents a step towards high-performance SERS substrate fabrication, and opens up a new route for graphene-plasmonic hybrids in SERS applications. C1 [Zhao, Yuan] Ludong Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn, Yantai 264025, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Yuan; Yang, Dong; Li, Xiyu; Liu, Yu; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Hu, Xiang; Zhou, Dianfa; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), Ludong Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn, Yantai 264025, Peoples R China.; Zhao, Y; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM yzhaol@mail.ustc.edu.cn; yllu@ustc.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2016EMP01]; Innovation Project of Ludong University [LA 2016003]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922001] FX We thank the USTC micro-nano research and manufacturing center, Chenggang Zhou, Kun Zhang, Jinlan Peng, Xiuxia Wang, Linjun Wang and Haibin Zhang for the technical support. Yuan Zhao is grateful to Professor Yanwu Zhu for the helpful literature support. Yuan Zhao is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016EMP01), and the Innovation Project of Ludong University (LA 2016003). Yalin Lu appreciates the financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922001). NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 EI 2040-3372 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PY 2017 VL 9 IS 3 BP 1087 EP 1096 DI 10.1039/c6nr06834k PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EL7DK UT WOS:000394781100013 PM 27973628 ER PT J AU Iberri-Shea, G AF Iberri-Shea, Gina TI Adaptation and assessment of a public speaking rating scale SO COGENT EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE speech rating; spoken language assessment; classroom speaking ID AUDIENCE DESIGN; CREDIBILITY AB Prominent spoken language assessments such as the Oral Proficiency Interview and the Test of Spoken English have been primarily concerned with speaking ability as it relates to conversation. This paper looks at an additional aspect of spoken language ability, namely public speaking. This study used an adapted form of a public speaking rating scale originally designed for English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts. This paper seeks to evaluate the relationship between this EFL-based scale and assessment within a core US university public speaking course. The relevance of EFL assessments to those used in English medium courses provides insight as to whether language learners are being evaluated on similar public speaking constructs to their English speaking peers, and informs instruction aimed at preparing students for English medium courses. A sample of undergraduate students (N = 44), primarily native speakers of English, performed classroom speeches in an introductory public speaking course and were rated using the adapted public speaking rating scale. The rating scores, independent instructor evaluations, and written feedback from two raters were analyzed to determine reliability and validity, and to inform revisions of the scale. The rating scale was found to be reliable and valid for this population. Limitations of the scale and proposed expansions are discussed as the result of qualitative analysis of the data. C1 [Iberri-Shea, Gina] US Air Force Acad, Dept English & Fine Arts, 2354 Fairchild Dr Ste 6D-177, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Iberri-Shea, G (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept English & Fine Arts, 2354 Fairchild Dr Ste 6D-177, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM gina.iberri-shea@usafa.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 2331-186X J9 COGENT EDUC JI Cogent Educ. PY 2017 VL 4 AR 1287390 DI 10.1080/2331186X.2017.1287390 PG 16 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA EL0KB UT WOS:000394310200001 ER PT J AU Stavenga, DG Meglic, A Pirih, P Koshitaka, H Arikawa, K Wehling, MF Belusic, G AF Stavenga, D. G. Meglic, A. Pirih, P. Koshitaka, H. Arikawa, K. Wehling, M. F. Belusic, G. TI Photoreceptor spectral tuning by colorful, multilayered facet lenses in long-legged fly eyes (Dolichopodidae) SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Iridescence; Visual pigments; Spectral filters; Spectral sensitivity; Photoreceptors ID INTERFERENCE FILTERS; POLARIZATION VISION; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; VISUAL PIGMENTS; RETINULA CELLS; DROSOPHILA; LIGHT; DISCRIMINATION; CALLIPHORA AB The facet lenses of the compound eyes of long-legged flies (Dolichopodidae) feature a striking, interlaced coloration pattern, existing of alternating rows of green-yellow and orange-red reflecting facets, due to dielectric multilayers located distally in the facet lenses (Bernard and Miller. Invest Ophthalmol 7:416-434 (1968). We investigated this phenomenon in the dolichopodid Dolichopus nitidus by applying microspectrophotometry, electron microscopy and optical modeling. The measured narrow-band reflectance spectra, peaking at similar to 540 and similar to 590 nm with bandwidth similar to 105 nm, are well explained by a refractive index oscillating sinusoidally in six periods around a mean value of about 1.44 with amplitude 0.6. The facet lens reflectance spectra are associated with a spectrally restricted, reduced transmittance, which causes modified spectral sensitivities of the underlying photoreceptors. Based on the modeling and electroretinography of the dolichopodid Condylostylus japonicus we conjecture that the green and orange facets narrow the spectral bandwidths of blue and green central photoreceptors, respectively, thus possibly improving color and/or polarization vision. C1 [Stavenga, D. G.] Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, Computat Phys, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. [Meglic, A.; Belusic, G.] Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Vecna Pot 111, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Pirih, P.; Koshitaka, H.; Arikawa, K.] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Lab Neuroethol, Hayama 2400193, Japan. [Wehling, M. F.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Stavenga, DG (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, Computat Phys, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. EM D.G.Stavenga@rug.nl FU AFOSR/EOARD [FA9550-15-1-0068]; JSPS (Kaken-hi) [14F04764, 26251036]; NARO-SIP FX This research was partly supported by the AFOSR/EOARD (Grant FA9550-15-1-0068 to DGS and GB), JSPS (Kaken-hi 14F04764 to PP and KA, Kaken-hi 26251036 to KA), and NARO-SIP ("Technologies for creating next generation agriculture, forestry and fishers" to KA). We thank Dr Gary Bernard for reading the manuscript. Two anonymous referees suggested valuable improvements to the manuscript. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-7594 EI 1432-1351 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL A JI J. Comp. Physiol. A -Neuroethol. Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 203 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1007/s00359-016-1131-y PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Zoology GA EK1FC UT WOS:000393670200003 PM 27873005 ER PT J AU Bakhtiarinejad, M Lee, S Joo, J AF Bakhtiarinejad, Mahsan Lee, Soobum Joo, James TI Component allocation and supporting frame topology optimization using global search algorithm and morphing mesh SO STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE Topology optimization; SIMP; Component relocation; FE morphing; Aircraft wing ID GENERALIZED SHAPE OPTIMIZATION; LAYOUT DESIGN; MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEM; MEMBRANE STRUCTURES; HOMOGENIZATION AB This paper proposes a stepwise structural design methodology where the component layout and the supporting frame structure is sequentially found using global search algorithm and topology optimization. In the component layout design step, the genetic algorithm is used to handle system level multiobjective problem where the optimal locations of multiple components are searched. Based on the layout design searched, a new Topology Optimization method based on Morphing Mesh technique (TOMM) is applied to obtain the frame structure topology while adjusting the component locations simultaneously. TOMM is based on the SIMP method with morphable FE mesh, and component relocation and frame design is simultaneously done using two kinds of design variables: topology design variables and morphing design variables. Two examples are studied in this paper. First, TOMM method is applied to a simple cantilever beam problem to validate the proposed design methodology and justify inclusion of morphing design variables. Then the stepwise design methodology is applied to the commercial Boeing 757 aircraft wing design problem for the optimal placement of multiple components (subsystems) and the optimal supporting frame structure around them. Additional constraint on the weight balance is included and the corresponding design sensitivity is formulated. The benefit of using the global search algorithm (genetic algorithm) is discussed in terms of finding the global optimum and independency of initial design guess. It has been proved that the proposed stepwise method can provide innovative design insight for complex modern engineering systems with multi-component structures. C1 [Bakhtiarinejad, Mahsan] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Lee, Soobum] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle,ENG214, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Joo, James] Air Force Res Lab, Design Anal Branch, Aerosp Vehicles Div, 2130 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle,ENG214, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM sblee@umbc.edu FU American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program (WPAFB) FX This research was partially supported by American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program (2013-2014, WPAFB). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1615-147X EI 1615-1488 J9 STRUCT MULTIDISCIP O JI Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 55 IS 1 BP 297 EP 315 DI 10.1007/s00158-016-1468-4 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA EK0EL UT WOS:000393599400020 ER PT J AU Malak, ST Smith, MJ Yoon, YJ Lin, CH Jung, J Lin, ZQ Tsukruk, VV AF Malak, Sidney T. Smith, Marcus J. Yoon, Young Jun Lin, Chun Hao Jung, Jaehan Lin, Zhiqun Tsukruk, Vladimir V. TI Programmed Emission Transformations: Negative-to-Positive Patterning Using the Decay-to-Recovery Behavior of Quantum Dots SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED FLUORESCENCE ENHANCEMENT; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; LATTICE STRAIN; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; CDSE; NANOSTRUCTURES AB Positive and negative photoluminescent photopattern contrasts arising from intrinsic modification of quantum dot (QD) emission (decay or recovery) upon exposure to light are reported. The ability to fabricate a variety of photopattern types using a single type of quantum dot is due to a two-step decay-to-recovery evolution upon light exposure. It is shown that high-contrast photopatterns spanning mm(2) areas can be fabricated within seconds with a facile one-step process, representing a drastic reduction in the time required to develop an emissive pattern in a QD-polymer film (from hours to seconds). Furthermore, the controlled light exposure allows for a programmed transformation of the emissive pattern contrast, with a reversal of the bright/dark regions of the QD-polymer photopattern demonstrated. Finally, it is shown that the photopatterns can be stored over a period of time and then "recharged" using simple light exposure to partially recover the intensity and contrast of aged photopatterns. The outlined patterning strategies open up new pathways for facile, one-step parallel fabrication of anti-counterfeiting emitting labels and light sensors, as well as for gain-loss parity-time systems where an emission contrast is required but where physical patterning may not be appropriate. C1 [Malak, Sidney T.; Smith, Marcus J.; Yoon, Young Jun; Lin, Chun Hao; Jung, Jaehan; Lin, Zhiqun; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Smith, Marcus J.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM vladimir@mse.gatech.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0037]; Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation (OSD-TE); Defense-National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1 [Wide/PE0601120D8Z]; Basic Research, SMART Program office [N00244-09-1-0081] FX Financial support is acknowledged from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA9550-14-1-0037 (synthetic photonics multidisciplinary university research initiative, synthesis, fabrication, and development). M. J. Smith would like to acknowledge the Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship funded by Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation (OSD-T&E), Defense-Wide/PE0601120D8Z National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1, Basic Research, SMART Program office Grant No. N00244-09-1-0081. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2195-1071 J9 ADV OPT MATER JI Adv. Opt. Mater. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 5 IS 1 AR UNSP 1600509 DI 10.1002/adom.201600509 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EJ4RD UT WOS:000393203600014 ER PT J AU Che, AJJ Drummy, LF Bultman, J Waite, A Hsiao, MS Vaia, RA AF Che, Ali Jawaid Justin Drummy, Lawrence F. Bultman, John Waite, Adam Hsiao, Ming-Siao Vaia, Richard A. TI Redox Exfoliation of Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE transition metal dichalcogenides; MoS2; redox exfoliation; surface oxidation; surface reactivity; liquid-phase exfoliation ID LIQUID-PHASE EXFOLIATION; MOS2 NANOSHEETS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SHEAR EXFOLIATION; SIZE; NANOCOMPOSITES; MONOLAYER; CRYSTALS; INTERCALATION; DISPERSIONS AB Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted considerable attention in a diverse array of applications due to the breadth of possible property suites relative to other low-dimensional nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, aluminosilicates). Here, we demonstrate an alternative methodology for the exfoliation of bulk crystallites of group V-VII layered TMDs under quiescent, benchtop conditions using mild redox chemistry. Anionic polyoxometalate species generated from edge sites adsorb to the TMD surface and create Coulombic repulsion that drives layer separation without the use of shear forces. This method is generalizable (MS2, MSe2, and MTe2) and effective in preparing high-concentration (>1 mg/mL) dispersions with narrow layer thickness distributions more rapidly and with safer reagents than alternative solution-based approaches. Finally, exfoliation of these TMDs is demonstrated in a range of solvent systems that were previously inaccessible due to large surface energy differences. These characteristics could be beneficial in the preparation of high-quality films and monoliths. C1 [Che, Ali Jawaid Justin; Drummy, Lawrence F.; Bultman, John; Waite, Adam; Hsiao, Ming-Siao; Vaia, Richard A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM richard.vaia@us.af.mil OI Hsiao, Ming-siao/0000-0001-9319-653X FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate FX The authors extend their appreciation to Rahul Rao for Raman measurements (Figure S10), Anthony Qualley for mass spectrometry measurements (Figure S4), and Christopher Grabowski for high-resolution digital imaging. The authors also would like to thank Julia Hsu and Diego Barrera at University of Texas in Dallas for fruitful discussions and material evaluation. The research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD JAN PY 2017 VL 11 IS 1 BP 635 EP 646 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b06922 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EJ0GL UT WOS:000392886500065 ER PT J AU Valco, DJ Min, K Oldani, A Edwards, T Lee, T AF Valco, Daniel J. Min, Kyungwook Oldani, Anna Edwards, Tim Lee, Tonghun TI Low temperature autoignition of conventional jet fuels and surrogate jet fuels with targeted properties in a rapid compression machine SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Autoignition; Rapid compression machine; Category A fuel; Category C fuel; Low temperature combustion ID IGNITION DELAY TIMES; ALTERNATIVE FUELS; COMBUSTION; BEHAVIOR; CAMELINA; JP-8 AB The autoignition characteristics of conventional jet fuels (category A) and alternative fuels with targeted properties (category C) are investigated using a rapid compression machine and the direct test chamber charge preparation approach. The category C fuels were purposefully built to anticipate special property variations that generally occur in alternative fuels. Ignition delay measurements were made to examine the effects of these unique fuels at low compressed temperatures (625 K <= T-c <= 735 K), a compressed pressure of P-c = 20 bar and equivalence ratios of phi = 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 in synthetic dry air. Chemical makeup of the fuel shows insight into the effect of the amount of branching in isoalkanes and aromatic influences on autoignition. The results show noteworthy variability in the ignition properties at these low temperature and lean conditions. This variability may impact combustion performance when the engine is running outside the normal operational map or for new engine architectures in the future. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Valco, Daniel J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Min, Kyungwook; Oldani, Anna; Lee, Tonghun] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Edwards, Tim] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM tonghun@illinois.edu FU ONR program [N00014-14-1-0212] FX The authors express their gratitude to the ONR program (grant # N00014-14-1-0212) providing funding for this research study. We are also grateful for thoughtful discussions and fuel naming conventions provided by the Federal Aviation Administration Center of Excellence ASCENT. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 3 BP 3687 EP 3694 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.05.032 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EJ7OT UT WOS:000393412600040 ER PT J AU Lovascio, S Ombrello, T Hayashi, J Stepanyan, S Xu, D Stancu, GD Laux, CO AF Lovascio, Sara Ombrello, Timothy Hayashi, Jun Stepanyan, Sergey Xu, Da Stancu, Gabi Daniel Laux, Christophe O. TI Effects of pulsation frequency and energy deposition on ignition using nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Nanosecond repetitive pulsed discharge; High frequency energy deposition; Lean premixed mixture; Ignition delay; High-speed imaging ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SPARK-IGNITION; AIR MIXTURES; PLASMA; COMBUSTION; STABILIZATION; FLAMES AB The effects of pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and energy deposition was investigated using nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in a constant volume combustion chamber. Quiescent lean propane-air mixtures (equivalence ratio of 0.7) at 0.2 MPa were ignited using fixed total energy deposition and number of pulses across the range of PRF from 2 to 90 kHz. Individual pulse energies were measured by electrical probes, and the ignition time was quantified through the use of high-frame-rate intensified imaging of the chemiluminescence. For fixed inter-electrode gap and constant total energy, the ignition time was minimized at a certain pulsation frequency, with higher PRF being detrimental and resulting in longer ignition delay times. Decreasing the total energy deposited in the mixture shifted the minimum ignition time to higher PRF. On the contrary, increasing the gap distance at constant total energy allowed for the same minimum ignition time to be achieved at significantly lower PRF. The minimum ignition delay times for fixed inter-electrode gap distance were similar for a given amount of mean energy deposited per unit time. The effect of energy de-position, PRF, and inter-electrode gap was attributed to the competition between characteristic recirculation time from the discharge-induced flowfield and the inter-pulse time. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lovascio, Sara; Stepanyan, Sergey; Xu, Da; Stancu, Gabi Daniel; Laux, Christophe O.] Univ Paris Saclay, Cent Supelec, CNRS, Lab EM2C, F-92295 Chatenay Malabry, France. [Lovascio, Sara] Univ Bari, Dept Chem, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Ombrello, Timothy] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 1950 Fifth St,Bldg 18A, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hayashi, Jun] Osaka Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RP Ombrello, T (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 1950 Fifth St,Bldg 18A, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM timothy.ombrello.1@us.af.mil FU ANR program FAMAC [ANR-12-VPTT-0002]; ANR program PLASMAFLAME [ANR-11-BS09-0025]; PON Puglia program INNOVHEAD; AFOSR Windows on the World program FX This work was supported by the ANR programs FAMAC (ANR-12-VPTT-0002) and PLASMAFLAME (ANR-11-BS09-0025), the PON Puglia program INNOVHEAD, and the AFOSR Windows on the World program. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 3 BP 4079 EP 4086 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.065 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EJ7OT UT WOS:000393412600083 ER PT J AU Ma, L Lei, QC Ikeda, J Xu, WJ Wu, Y Carter, CD AF Ma, Lin Lei, Qingchun Ikeda, Jordan Xu, Wenjiang Wu, Yue Carter, Campbell D. TI Single-shot 3D flame diagnostic based on volumetric laser induced fluorescence (VLIF) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Volumetric laser induced fluorescence (VLIF); 3D diagnostics; Tomography ID TURBULENT PREMIXED FLAMES; 3-DIMENSIONAL CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; REACTIVE FLOWS; COMBUSTION; JET; CHEMILUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; MODEL AB We demonstrate single-shot three-dimensional (3D) flame measurements based on volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF). For this effort, the excitation laser beam was expanded into a "slab" with a height of 40 mm and thickness of 10 mm to excite the CH radicals in the target flames. The volumetric LIF signals were then simultaneously captured by five intensified cameras, and the images were fed into a tomographic algorithm as inputs to obtain the 3D distribution of CH. The results show that single-shot 3D measurements with sufficient accuracy can be obtained in a volume of 9.3 x 9.3 x 32.7 mm(3) with an excitation pulse energy of similar to 10 mJ. With a total of five intensified cameras, 3D measurements were obtained with a voxel size of 0.15 mm over a total of 64 x 64 x 224 approximate to 10(6) voxels, which can be further improved by the use of additional cameras or advanced tomographic inversion techniques. Comparison with PLIF measurements suggested that the spatial resolution of the CH-based VLIF technique to characterize the flame surface was about 0.4 mm. Measurements were first performed on stable laminar flames, for comparison and validation against PLIF, and then on turbulent jet flames, to illustrate the feasibility and accuracy of VLIF for instantaneous 3D flame measurements and motivate further investigation. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ma, Lin; Xu, Wenjiang; Wu, Yue] Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Ma, Lin; Lei, Qingchun; Ikeda, Jordan] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Carter, Campbell D.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA.; Ma, L (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM linma@vt.edu FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0386]; U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship FX This work is supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR, Grant FA9550-14-1-0386), and a 2015 U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship. We are also grateful to Dr. Tonghun Lee (University of Illinois) and Dr. James R. Gord (Air Force Research Laboratory) for the loan of equipment. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 3 BP 4575 EP 4583 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.050 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EJ7OT UT WOS:000393412600140 ER PT J AU Skiba, AW Wabel, TM Carter, CD Hammack, SD Temme, JE Lee, T Driscoll, JF AF Skiba, Aaron W. Wabel, Timothy M. Carter, Campbell D. Hammack, Stephen D. Temme, Jacob E. Lee, Tonghun Driscoll, James F. TI Reaction layer visualization: A comparison of two PLIF techniques and advantages of kHz-imaging SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE kHz-PLIF; CH-PLIF; Turbulent premixed combustion; Reaction layer imaging; Hi-pilot burner ID TURBULENT PREMIXED FLAMES; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; HEAT-RELEASE; METHANE/AIR FLAMES; STEREOSCOPIC PIV; LOCAL FLAME; AIR FLAMES; OH-PLIF; COMBUSTION; CH AB Visualizing the structural features of turbulent premixed flames is critical for the validation of fundamen-tal combustion theories. This work compares two methods for visualizing reaction layers of flames. The first is planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of CH radicals. The second involves the product of simultaneously acquired PLIF images of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and formaldehyde molecules (CH2O) to generate "overlaplayers." Based on comparisons to CH-PLIF, the present work establishes the overlap-method as a practical technique for visualizing structural features of extremely turbulent flames (u'/S-L> 25). Specifically, both thin and thickened CH-and overlap-layers are observed in four flames of varying turbulence intensities (8 < u'/S-L < 64). Average overlap-and CH-layer thicknesses are found to exhibit the same trend with increasing turbulence levels. Furthermore, flame surface density (FSD) profiles derived from both techniques agree well. Specifically, their values are of the same magnitude and they decay at similar rates with increasing distance from centerline. Moreover, a parameter defined as the integral of the radial FSD-profiles is compared for the overlap-and CH-based measurements: differences between the two varied from 0.1% to approximately 20%. Such variation is considered small, since it is not greater than the estimated error in computing this parameter from the CH-based measurement. Finally, this study demonstrates the ability to acquire CH-PLIF images at a rate of 10 kHz within extremely turbulent flames. Results from such "high-speed" images demonstrate the ability to quantify the rate of flamelet-merging, which is an important quantity in models of turbulent premixed combustion. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Skiba, Aaron W.; Wabel, Timothy M.; Driscoll, James F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, 1320 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Carter, Campbell D.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hammack, Stephen D.; Lee, Tonghun] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Temme, Jacob E.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Skiba, AW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, 1320 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM skiba@umich.edu FU AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0101] FX The authors thank AFOSR for including support through the project Grant FA9550-12-1-0101. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 3 BP 4593 EP 4601 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.033 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EJ7OT UT WOS:000393412600142 ER PT J AU Halls, BR Gord, JR Meyer, TR Thul, DJ Slipchenko, M Roy, S AF Halls, Benjamin R. Gord, James R. Meyer, Terrence R. Thul, Daniel J. Slipchenko, Mikhail Roy, Sukesh TI 20-kHz-rate three-dimensional tomographic imaging of the concentration field in a turbulent jet SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Optical diagnostics; Tomography; Laser-induced fluorescence; Pulse-burst laser; Concentration ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING; FLOWS; FLAMES; DIAGNOSTICS; NUMBER; ENGINE AB Three-dimensional imaging of the tracer concentration field is demonstrated at a rate of 20 kHz in a turbulent gaseous free jet. The acetone tracer species that is seeded into the jet is excited by the fourthharmonic output of a Nd: YAG burst-mode laser. The laser beam is expanded and re-collimated to a 35-mm-diameter beam and passed through a diffuser to reduce spatial variations within the beam profile. Seven high-speed cameras coupled to high-speed intensifiers with vertical stereoscopes collect fourteen simultaneous views of the fluorescence emission. The images are processed and a linear relationship between signal intensity and acetone concentration was verified. Eight of the fourteen processed views are then reconstructed into volumes using a simultaneous multiplicative algebraic-reconstruction technique, limited by the software. The mixing behavior is characterized and compared with turbulent-jet scaling laws and data from the literature at similar conditions. The accuracy, precision, and limitations of the technique are discussed, and potential strategies for implementation in reacting flows are considered. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Halls, Benjamin R.; Gord, James R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Meyer, Terrence R.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Thul, Daniel J.; Slipchenko, Mikhail; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Gord, JR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Roy, S (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM james.gord@us.af.mil; roy.sukesh@gmail.com FU National Research Council Post-Doctoral Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; National Science Foundation [CTS-1403969]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [15RQCOR202, 14RQ06COR] FX Benjamin Halls is funded under a National Research Council Post-Doctoral Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB. This work was funded, in part, by the Air Force Research Laboratory under Contract No. FA8650-15-D-2518, the National Science Foundation under Contract No. CTS-1403969 (Dr. Ruey-Hung Chen, Program Director), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (Dr. Enrique Parra, Program Officer, 15RQCOR202) and (Dr. Chiping Li, Program Officer, 14RQ06COR). This manuscript has been cleared for public release by the Air Force Research Laboratory. This manuscript has been cleared for public release by the Air Force Research Laboratory (No. 88ABW-2015-6074). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2017 VL 36 IS 3 BP 4611 EP 4618 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.007 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA EJ7OT UT WOS:000393412600144 ER PT J AU Wang, C Wang, JL Wu, N Xu, M Yang, XM Lu, YL Zang, L AF Wang, Chen Wang, Jianlin Wu, Na Xu, Miao Yang, Xiaomei Lu, Yalin Zang, Ling TI Donor-acceptor single cocrystal of coronene and perylene diimide: molecular self-assembly and charge-transfer photoluminescence SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS; HIGH PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; LUMINESCENT; DERIVATIVES; TRANSISTORS; EMISSION; CRYSTALS; DESIGN AB The research on donor-acceptor (D-A) cocrystalline structures based on organic semiconductive molecules has drawn great attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties. Among the building block molecules, derivatives of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-3,4,9,10-diimides (PTCDI) are of particular interest as these molecules form high performance n-type semiconductors with strong air stability. However, the cocrystal of PTCDIs remains challenging to fabricate, and only few D-A cocrystals of PTCDIs have been reported. Herein, we report a successful molecular self-assembly design for the PTCDI cocrystal with a donor molecule, coronene. Within the triclinic cell of the cocrystal, the PTCDI and coronene molecules achieved 1 : 1 alternated pi-pi stacking. The cocrystal showed clear red-shifted absorption and photoluminescence bands, implying the strong charge transfer interaction between coronene and PTCDI. Additionally, the cofacial pi-pi stacking between coronene and PTCDI planes favors strong one-dimensional self-assembly, leading to the formation of microsized fibril cocrystals and arrays. This presented cocrystal design strategy helps to explore new D-A cocrystalline structures, particularly with one-dimensional morphology control. C1 [Wang, Chen; Wu, Na; Xu, Miao; Yang, Xiaomei; Zang, Ling] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nano Inst Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Wang, Jianlin; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Zang, L (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nano Inst Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM lzang@eng.utah.edu FU NSF [CHE 0931466, CBET 1502433]; DHS Science and Technology Directorate [2009-ST-108-LR0005]; USTAR Program FX We thank the help on FTIR measurement from Dr Marc Porter, and the help on the structure solution and refinement of the D-A cocrystal from Dr Atta M Aarif. This work was supported by the funding from the NSF (CHE 0931466 and CBET 1502433), DHS Science and Technology Directorate (2009-ST-108-LR0005) and the USTAR Program. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2017 VL 7 IS 4 BP 2382 EP 2387 DI 10.1039/c6ra25447k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EK2HI UT WOS:000393748000075 ER PT J AU Pavlidis, G Pavlidis, S Heller, ER Moore, EA Vetury, R Graham, S AF Pavlidis, Georges Pavlidis, Spyridon Heller, Eric R. Moore, Elizabeth A. Vetury, Ramakrishna Graham, Samuel TI Characterization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs Using Gate Resistance Thermometry SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE GaN; gate resistance thermometry (GRT); high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT); Raman spectroscopy; surface temperature indicators; thermal characterization; transient analysis ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; IMPACT; BIAS AB In this paper, gate resistance thermometry (GRT) was used to determine the channel temperature of AlGaN/GaN high electron-mobility transistors. Raman thermometry has been used to verify GRT by comparing the channel temperatures measured by both techniques under various bias conditions. To further validate this technique, a thermal finite-element model has been developed to model the heat dissipation throughout the devices. Comparisons show that the GRT method averages the temperature over the gate width, yielding a slightly lower peak temperature than Raman thermography. Overall, this method provides a fast and simple technique to determine the average temperature under both steady-state and pulsed bias conditions. C1 [Pavlidis, Georges; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pavlidis, Spyridon] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Heller, Eric R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Moore, Elizabeth A.] KBRwyle, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Vetury, Ramakrishna] Akoustis Technol Inc, Huntsville, NC 28078 USA. EM sgraham@gatech.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory led High Reliability Electronics Virtual Center by the DARPA [W31P4Q12-C-0068]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory led High Reliability Electronics Virtual Center by the DARPA under Contract W31P4Q12-C-0068. The work of E. Moore was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Program Officer: Dr. M. Kendra). The review of this paper was arranged by Editor S. Rajan. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JAN PY 2017 VL 64 IS 1 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1109/TED.2016.2625264 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA EH9LJ UT WOS:000392092500012 ER PT J AU Poling, BS Via, GD Bole, KD Johnson, EE McDermott, JM AF Poling, B. S. Via, G. D. Bole, K. D. Johnson, E. E. McDermott, J. M. TI Commercial-off-the-shelf algan/gan hemt device reliability study after exposure to heavy ion radiation SO MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual JEDEC Workshop on Reliability of Compound Semiconductors (ROCS) CY MAY 16, 2016 CL Miami, FL SP JEDEC DE Gallium Nitride (GaN); High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs); Reliability; Heavy Ion AB The reliability of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) GaN HEMTs was studied after irradiation using heavy ions of Neon (Ne), Silicon (Si), and Argon (Ar). Devices were exposed to heavy ions at a flux of similar to 1.8e(4) ions/cm(2)-sec to a fluence of 1.5e(5) ions/cm(2) and DC characterization measurements taken immediately after exposure exhibited no change. Additionally, no change in device performance was observed in DC or RF characterization taken prior to RF stress testing. Infrared (IR) and electroluminescence (EL) characterization was conducted before irradiation, post irradiation, and following stress testing to assess changes in emissions. After heavy ion exposure, irradiated devices and non-irradiated devices were subjected to an RF stress test at an elevated baseplate temperature. Results imply the irradiated devices degraded at a different rate than the non-irradiated device which suggests potential for confounding effects on long term reliability from heavy ion exposure. Future studies should be conducted using larger sample sizes and different radiation sources to determine if additional stress testing is required for GaN HEMT space qualification. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Poling, B. S.; Via, G. D.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [McDermott, J. M.] Wyle, Dayton, OH USA. [Bole, K. D.; Johnson, E. E.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. EM brian.poling.2@us.af.mil FU AFRL/RYDD Devices for Sensing branch FX The authors wish to thank the AFRL/RYDD Devices for Sensing branch for funding and the Reliability of Electronics Devices Failure Analysis and Characterization Laboratory (RED-FALCon) for test support. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0026-2714 J9 MICROELECTRON RELIAB JI Microelectron. Reliab. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 68 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.microrel.2016.09.017 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA EI5XA UT WOS:000392568400004 ER PT S AU Hommer, GM Park, JS Collins, PC Pilchak, AL Stebner, AP AF Hommer, G. M. Park, J. S. Collins, P. C. Pilchak, A. L. Stebner, A. P. BE Yoshida, S Lamberti, L Sciammarella, C TI A New In Situ Planar Biaxial Far-Field High Energy Diffraction Microscopy Experiment SO ADVANCEMENT OF OPTICAL METHODS IN EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS, VOL 3 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM Annual Conference and Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 06-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Expt Mech DE Multiaxial; Experimental mechanics; Cruciform specimen design; Plane stress experiment; X-ray diffraction ID SUBSEQUENT YIELD SURFACE; CRUCIFORM SPECIMENS; SHAPED SPECIMENS; FAST METHODOLOGY; STRAIN ANALYSIS; DEFORMATION; DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; ORIENTATION; THOUSANDS AB A new experimental platform that combines far-field high-energy diffraction microscopy (HEDM) and in situ planar biaxial loading is presented. The HEDM X-ray diffraction technique, which allows for non-destructive 3D microstructure measurements via serial reconstructions of 2D diffraction patterns, is briefly reviewed. Design attributes of a custom planar biaxial load frame and a new cruciform sample geometry for in situ HEDM experimentation are presented in detail. During the HEDM measurements, this new planar biaxial platform is capable of arbitrary combinations of tension and compression loading for studying full plane stress yield loci while localized gage stresses up to 1.8 GPa are generated with minimal influence from the cruciform geometry stress concentrations. The combination of these experimental capabilities demonstrates an ability to solve a long-standing problem of planar biaxial experimentation on nonlinear materials with unknown constitutive relations: how to measure the gage stress. Finite element results for isotropic elasticity are compared with classical plane stress analysis and digital image correlation (DIC) measurements, and all were found to be in good agreement. C1 [Hommer, G. M.; Stebner, A. P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Brown Hall W350,1610 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Park, J. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Engn Xray Sci Div, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 431-A004, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Collins, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, 2240 Hoover Hall,528 Bissell Rd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pilchak, A. L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Stebner, AP (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Brown Hall W350,1610 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM astebner@mines.edu OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-41600-7; 978-3-319-41599-4 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2017 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41600-7_7 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Mechanics; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG8EO UT WOS:000392264400007 ER PT S AU Bennette, WD AF Bennette, Walter D. BE Angelov, P Gegov, A Jayne, C Shen, Q TI A Data Driven Stopping Criterion for Evolutionary Instance Selection SO ADVANCES IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) CY SEP 07-09, 2016 CL Lancaster Univ, Lancaster, ENGLAND SP Springer HO Lancaster Univ ID TRAINING SET SELECTION; ALGORITHMS; INTERPRETABILITY; CLASSIFIERS; REDUCTION; RULES AB Instance based classifiers, such as k-Nearest Neighbors, predict the class value of a new observation based on some distance or similarity measure between the new instance and the stored training data. However, due to the required distance calculations, classifying new instances becomes computationally expensive as the number of training observations increases. Therefore, instance selection techniques have been proposed to improve instance based classifiers by reducing the number of training instances that must be stored to achieve adequate classification rates. Although other methods exist, an evolutionary algorithm has been used for instance selection with some of the best results in regard to data reduction and preservation of classification accuracy. Unfortunately, the performance of the evolutionary algorithm for instance selection comes at the cost of longer computation times in comparison to classic instance selection techniques. In this work we introduce a new stopping criterion for the evolutionary algorithm which depends on the convergence of its fitness function. Experimentation shows that the new criterion results in less computation time while achieving comparable performance. C1 [Bennette, Walter D.] US Air Force, 525 Brooks Rd, Rome, NY 13441 USA. RP Bennette, WD (reprint author), US Air Force, 525 Brooks Rd, Rome, NY 13441 USA. EM walter.bennette.1@us.af.mi NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-46562-3; 978-3-319-46561-6 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 513 BP 407 EP 420 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-46562-3_26 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG8BU UT WOS:000392193600026 ER PT J AU Jewell, JS Parziale, NJ Leyva, IA Shepherd, JE AF Jewell, Joseph S. Parziale, Nicholaus J. Leyva, Ivett A. Shepherd, Joseph E. TI Effects of Shock-Tube Cleanliness on Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition at High Enthalpy SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting / AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference / 17th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference / AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (SciTech) / AIAA Infotech at Aerospace Conference CY JAN 05-09, 2015 CL Kissimmee, FL SP AIAA ID LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION; GROUND TEST; TUNNEL; INSTABILITY; SURFACE; CONES C1 [Jewell, Joseph S.] US Air Force Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, AFRL RQHF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Parziale, Nicholaus J.] Stevens Inst Technol, Mech Engn, Castle Point Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Leyva, Ivett A.] US Air Force Off Sci Res, AFOSR RTE, Arlington Air Force Base, VA 22203 USA. [Shepherd, Joseph E.] CALTECH, Grad Aeronaut Labs, 1200 E Calif Blvd,MC 105-50, Pasadena, CA USA. EM jjewell@alumni.caltech.edu OI Parziale, Nick/0000-0001-9880-1727 FU "Integrated Theoretical, Computational, and Experimental Studies for Transition Estimation and Control" project - U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; NASA [FA9552-09-1-0341]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-10-1-0491]; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship; Jack Kent Cooke Foundation; National Research Council Research Associateship FX This work was an activity that was part of the National Center for Hypersonic Laminar-Turbulent Research, sponsored by the "Integrated Theoretical, Computational, and Experimental Studies for Transition Estimation and Control" project, supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research and NASA (FA9552-09-1-0341). Additionally, this work was part of the "Transition Delay in Hypervelocity Boundary Layers by Means of CO2/Acoustic Interactions" project, sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-10-1-0491). J.S. Jewell received additional support from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship, the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation, and the National Research Council Research Associateship. The authors would like to thank Bahram Valiferdowsi (California Institute of Technology) for help running T5, Ross Wagnild (Sandia National Laboratories) for help with the program to compute the run conditions, and Elizabeth Jewell (University of Michigan) for statistical advice. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 55 IS 1 BP 332 EP 338 DI 10.2514/1.J054897 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EI5CI UT WOS:000392511000030 ER PT S AU Hall, RB AF Hall, R. B. BE Antoun, B Arzoumanidis, A Qi, HJ Silberstein, M Amirkhizi, A Furmanski, J Lu, H TI A Theory of Coupled Anisothermal Chemomechanical Degradation for Finitely-Deforming Composite Materials with Higher-Gradient Interactive Forces SO CHALLENGES IN MECHANICS OF TIME DEPENDENT MATERIALS, VOL 2 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM Annual Conference and Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 06-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Expt Mech DE Composite; Mixture; Anisothermal; Reaction; Growth; Recession ID DIFFUSION AB The two-constituent theory of Hall and Rajagopal (2011) is recast for N constituents based on the composite Helmholtz energy and elaborated to display the higher-gradient nature of the interactive forces between constituents. These body forces are essential in the descriptions of the intracell behaviors included in the force balances of each constituent. The model may be both applied to solid composites, e.g. for interrogating the damage and failure processes developed at the constituent level, as well as to diffusion-reaction processes involving e.g. fluids and solids. Applications of interest include the evolution of asymmetric material features potentially involving finite-dimensional growth and recession (oxidation of SiC results in a 2.2x local volume increase), leading to local rotations important to the description of failure, and the description of forces between constituents especially near free edges and cut-outs. C1 [Hall, R. B.] Air Force Res Lab, AFRL RXCC Bldg 654,2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hall, RB (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, AFRL RXCC Bldg 654,2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM richard.hall.16@us.af.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-41543-7; 978-3-319-41542-0 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2017 BP 103 EP 107 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41543-7_13 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BG8ES UT WOS:000392264800013 ER PT S AU Phillips, PL Brockman, RA Buchanan, DJ John, R AF Phillips, P. L. Brockman, R. A. Buchanan, D. J. John, R. BE Zhu, Y Zehnder, AT TI Constitutive Model Calibration via Autonomous Multiaxial Experimentation SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, VOL 4 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM Annual Conference and Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 06-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Expt Mech DE Axial/torsional experimentation; Plasticity; Constitutive model fitting; Autonomous testing; FEMU ID PLASTICITY; BEHAVIOR; STEEL AB Modern plasticity models contain numerous parameters that can be difficult and time consuming to fit using current methods. Additional experiments are seldom conducted to validate the model for experimental conditions outside those used in the fitting procedure. To increase the accuracy and validity of these advanced constitutive models, software and testing methodology have been developed to seamlessly integrate experimentation, parameter identification, and model validation in real-time over a range of multiaxial stress conditions, using an axial/torsional test machine. Experimental data is reduced and finite element simulations are conducted in parallel with the test based on experimental strain conditions. Optimization methods reconcile the experiment and simulation through changes to the plasticity model parameters. Excursions into less-traveled portions of the multiaxial stress space can be predicted, and then executed experimentally, to identify deficiencies in the model. Most notably, the software can autonomously redirect the experiment to increase the robustness of the plasticity model where further deficiencies are identified, thus providing closed loop control of the experiment. This novel process yields a calibrated plasticity model upon test completion that has been fit and more importantly validated, and can be used directly in finite element simulations of more complex geometries. C1 [Phillips, P. L.; Brockman, R. A.; Buchanan, D. J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45409 USA. [Phillips, P. L.; Brockman, R. A.; Buchanan, D. J.; John, R.] US Air Force, Res Lab AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Phillips, PL (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45409 USA.; Phillips, PL (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Peter.Phillips@udri.udayton.edu FU AFRL/DAGSI Ohio Student- Faculty Research Fellowship program [RX14- 12]; Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RXCM, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, under DoD [FA8650-14-D-5205] FX This work has been sponsored through the AFRL/DAGSI Ohio Student- Faculty Research Fellowship program, Topic RX14-12. Additional funding assistance was also provided through the Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RXCM, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, under DoD contract FA8650-14-D-5205. The authors would like to thank the Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RXCM for the use of their axial/torsional testing equipment and Mr. Philip E. Blosser for his assistance in operating the equipment. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-42028-8; 978-3-319-42027-1 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2017 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-42028-8_10 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BG8EN UT WOS:000392264300010 ER PT J AU Sutton, MA Matta, F Rizos, D Ghorbani, R Rajan, S Mollenhauer, DH Schreier, HW Lasprilla, AO AF Sutton, M. A. Matta, F. Rizos, D. Ghorbani, R. Rajan, S. Mollenhauer, D. H. Schreier, H. W. Lasprilla, A. O. TI Recent Progress in Digital Image Correlation: Background and Developments since the 2013 W M Murray Lecture SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE StereoDIC or 3D-DIC; Volumetric DIC or DVC; Fiber reinforced composites; Civil engineering structures including pre-stressed concrete beams and confined masonry walls; History of 2D-DIC and StereoDIC ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; VOLUME CORRELATION; DEFORMATION MEASUREMENTS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS; THIN PANELS; DISPLACEMENT; STRAIN; VISION; INTERPOLATION AB Since presentation of the 2013 Murray Lecture focusing on developments in digital image correlation (DIC), the methods have continued to expand internationally and their use has begun to grow in fields where there was less activity in the past. First, a brief history of digital image correlation methods is presented from the perspective of the first author, followed by a discussion of recent trends associated with the use of digital image correlation methods in academics, governmental laboratories and industrial settings. In the remainder of the article, new results are provided in three areas where DIC methods have seen rapid growth; application of StereoDIC or three-dimensional DIC (3D-DIC) to the study of wall structures in civil engineering; the use of Volumetric DIC or Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) to quantify the internal response of a specially-designed composite material and in the area of model validation for another application in civil engineering; transfer length measurements in pre-stressed concrete beams. C1 [Sutton, M. A.; Rajan, S.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Matta, F.; Rizos, D.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Ghorbani, R.] Chao & Associates, 7 Clusters Ct, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Mollenhauer, D. H.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Composites & Hybrids Branch,Nonmetall Mat Div, Dayton, OH USA. [Schreier, H. W.] Correlated Solut Inc, 121 Dutchman Blvd, Irmo, SC 29063 USA. [Lasprilla, A. O.] Univ Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. RP Sutton, MA (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM sutton@sc.edu FU University of South Carolina's Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of South Carolina's Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Air Force Research Laboratory in Dayton, Ohio; Federal Railway Administration [DTFR53-14-C-00023]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA NNX13AD43A]; Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of South Carolina through course load reduction FX The technical support of Profs. Juan Caicedo and Robert Mullen for the Civil Engineering studies, and also Profs. Jeffrey Helm (Lafayette College) and Stephen McNeill throughout our many years of image correlation research and development, are gratefully acknowledged. The efforts of civil engineering laboratory technical staff including Timothy Ross and Russell Inglett are also recognized and appreciated. The support of the University of South Carolina's Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Civil and Environmental Engineering, as well as the Air Force Research Laboratory in Dayton, Ohio, is deeply appreciated. In addition, the editorial effort of Prof. Ioannis Chasiotis along with his detailed comments that greatly improved the overall presentation are deeply appreciated. Finally, the financial support provided by the Federal Railway Administration through DTFR53-14-C-00023, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through NASA NNX13AD43A and the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of South Carolina through course load reduction is gratefully acknowledged. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1 EP 30 DI 10.1007/s11340-016-0233-3 PG 30 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA EI2BF UT WOS:000392290400001 ER PT S AU Scott-Emuakpor, O George, T Holycross, C Cross, C AF Scott-Emuakpor, Onome George, Tommy Holycross, Casey Cross, Charles BE Zehnder, AT Carroll, J Hazeli, K Berke, RB Pataky, G Cavalli, M Beese, AM Xia, S TI Improved Hybrid Specimen for Vibration Bending Fatigue SO FRACTURE, FATIGUE, FAILURE AND DAMAGE EVOLUTION, VOL 8 SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM Annual Conference and Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics CY JUN 06-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Expt Mech DE Fatigue; Vibration; Titanium; HCF; Turbine engine ID TITANIUM; STRESS AB A hybrid specimen was developed to minimize material used when assessing bending fatigue behavior with a vibration-based experimental procedure. Motivation for this work comes from the eagerness to quantify critical three-dimensionally printed gas turbine engine components at low cost under representative operating and stress conditions. The original vibration-based fatigue specimen (a whole, square plate) is capable of providing airfoil representative data at a lower cost than failing a fully manufactured airfoil. The reduced cost, though significant, was further reduced with the hybrid specimen. The most recently published iteration of the hybrid specimen produced an insert-plate system that required 95 % less material than the original specimen in order to gather fatigue data, and the hybrid specimen data compared favorably within a 95 % prediction interval of the original for Aluminum 6061-T6. Despite the successful comparison, improvements to the hybrid plate specimen were still necessary for accurately assessing fatigue behavior of more commonly used aerospace alloys. Specifically, improving repeatability in the experimental response, increasing the hybrid specimen excitability (i.e. reduce specimen system damping), and minimizing damage accumulation on the carrier plate of the hybrid specimen were critical to the efficiency of the characterized bending fatigue behavior. The proposed investigation addressed these issues for Titanium 6Al-4V, resulting in a more repeatable experimental procedure and results that agree with whole plate data. C1 [Scott-Emuakpor, Onome; George, Tommy; Holycross, Casey; Cross, Charles] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Bldg 18D, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Scott-Emuakpor, O (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Bldg 18D, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM onome.scott-emuakpor.1@us.af.mil FU Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility (TEFF) of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Universal Technology Corporation (UTC) FX The authors would like to thank the following organizations for funding and collaboration: the Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility (TEFF) of the United States Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and Universal Technology Corporation (UTC). Specifically, the authors would like to acknowledge UTC contractors Phil Johnson, Jeff Bruns, and Alyssa Zearley for their contribution to specimen and fixture design and analysis, as well as laboratory testing and experimentation setup. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5644 BN 978-3-319-42195-7; 978-3-319-42194-0 J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH PY 2017 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-42195-7_4 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BG8EM UT WOS:000392264200004 ER PT J AU Holster, JL Bryan, CJ Heron, EA Seegmiller, RA AF Holster, Jessica L. Bryan, Craig J. Heron, Elizabeth A. Seegmiller, Robert A. TI Traumatic Brain Injury, Sleep, and Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study of Air Force Personnel Pre- and Postdeployment to Iraq SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Air Force; concussion; depression; insomnia; Iraq; military; posttraumatic stress; traumatic brain injury ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS; RISK-FACTORS; MILITARY PERSONNEL; NCAA CONCUSSION; SYMPTOMS; AFGHANISTAN; INSOMNIA; SERVICE; DEPLOYMENT AB Objective: We investigated the complex relationships between traumatic brain injury (TBI), sleep, and mental health problems longitudinally among US service members (SMs) pre- and postdeployment to Iraq. Participants: One hundred sixty-eight SMs enrolled in a 4-week Air Force Basic Combat Convoy Course predeployment. Design: Self-report data were collected at the beginning and end of training and then at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postdeployment. Regression analyses were implemented, and participants were categorized into 4 groups based on TBI history for further statistical analysis. Results: Positive TBI history was associated with greater symptoms of insomnia and posttraumatic stress predeployment and persistence of insomnia symptoms, posttraumatic stress, and depression postdeployment. Positive TBI history and posttraumatic stress served as risk factors for head injury in Iraq, and SMs who reported a head injury during deployment also endorsed greater posttraumatic stress postdeployment than those without head injury. SMs with positive TBI history who also reported a new TBI in Iraq endorsed the greatest sleep and mental health problems across the study period. Conclusions: This study provides valuable information regarding temporal relationships between TBI, sleep, and mental health problems among a combat military population. Findings have important implications from both prevention and clinical perspectives. C1 [Holster, Jessica L.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 920 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. [Bryan, Craig J.] Natl Ctr Vet Studies, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Bryan, Craig J.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Heron, Elizabeth A.] US Air Force, Secur Forces Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Heron, Elizabeth A.] CNI Adv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Seegmiller, Robert A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Neuropsychol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holster, JL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 920 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM jessica-holster@ouhsc.edu OI Bryan, Craig/0000-0002-9714-0733 FU Department of the Air Force [09-198]; Department of Defense; Department of the Air Force FX This project was supported in part by an intramural grant from the Department of the Air Force awarded to Dr Heron (#09-198). Dr Bryan reports grant funding from the Department of Defense and the Department of the Air Force and contractual work with the Department of the Air Force. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0885-9701 EI 1550-509X J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 32 IS 1 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000237 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA EI2GH UT WOS:000392304400003 PM 27120293 ER PT J AU Johnson, S Clemenson, M Glumac, N AF Johnson, Stephanie Clemenson, Michael Glumac, Nick TI Simultaneous Imaging and Spectroscopy of Detonation Interaction in Reactive and Energetic Materials SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Detonation chemistry; energetic materials spectroscopy; optical and spectroscopic imaging array; reactive materials spectroscopy; simultaneous imaging and spectroscopy; spatially resolved spectroscopy; temporally resolved spectroscopy; ultrafast imaging spectrometer ID TIME AB A dual framing camera system was coupled with custom-designed ultrafast imaging spectrometer optics to yield simultaneous imaging and imaging spectroscopy of extremely short detonation interaction events in reactive materials. For short exposures of 100ns or less, spectral resolutions of 2.4 angstrom are achievable, allowing for time-resolved identification of key intermediate species evolving from prompt reaction. Under some circumstances, emission can be fit to a local emission temperature, assuming the optically thin limit. Applications to reactive metal systems involving aluminum, magnesium, titanium, boron, and silicon are demonstrated. C1 [Johnson, Stephanie] US Air Force, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL USA. [Clemenson, Michael; Glumac, Nick] Univ Illinois, Mech Sci & Engn Dept, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Johnson, S (reprint author), 101 W Eglin Blvd,Suite 135, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. EM stephanie.johnson.20@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Munitions Directorate, at Eglin Air Force Base. AFRL Grant [FA8651-12-C-0293] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory, Munitions Directorate, at Eglin Air Force Base. AFRL Grant number FA8651-12-C-0293. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 71 IS 1 BP 78 EP 86 DI 10.1177/0003702816661726 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA EH5EM UT WOS:000391795400003 PM 27864446 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, MG AF Wisniewski, Matthew G. TI Indices of Effortful Listening Can Be Mined from Existing Electroencephalographic Data SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article DE Attention; Auditory-evoked potential; Cognitive hearing; Data mining; Event-related spectral perturbation; Working memory ID ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; EEG DYNAMICS AB Objectives: Studies suggest that theta (similar to 4 to 7 Hz), alpha (similar to 8 to 12 Hz), and stimulus-evoked dynamics of the electroencephalogram index effortful listening. Numerous auditory event-related potential datasets exist, without thorough examination of these features. The feasibility of mining those datasets for such features is assessed here. Design: In a standard auditory-oddball paradigm, 12 listeners heard deviant high-frequency tones (10%) interspersed among low-frequency tones (90%) "near" or "far" separated in frequency. Results: During active listening (deviance detection; experiment 1), sustained frontal midline theta power, and gamma-band inter-trial phase coherence, were greater for the near condition. No significant "near"/"far" differences were observable during passive exposure to the same sounds (experiment 2). Conclusions: Increased theta power likely reflects increased utilization of cognitive-control processes (e.g., working memory) that rely on frontal cortical networks. Inter-trial phase coherence differences may reflect differences in attention-modulated stimulus encoding. Reanalysis of existing datasets can usefully inform future work on listening effort. C1 [Wisniewski, Matthew G.] US Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Wisniewski, MG (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM matt.g.wisniewski@gmail.com FU National Research Council Associateship Award; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Postdoctoral Fellowship at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory FX This research was performed while M.G.W. held a National Research Council Associateship Award and an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Postdoctoral Fellowship at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0196-0202 EI 1538-4667 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 38 IS 1 BP E69 EP E73 DI 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000354 PG 5 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA EH2WV UT WOS:000391630200007 PM 27556523 ER PT J AU Chen, H Kalyanam, K Zhang, W Casbeer, D AF Chen, Hua Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy Zhang, Wei Casbeer, David TI Intruder Isolation on a General Road Network Under Partial Information SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dynamic programming (DP); game theory; optimal control; pursuit evasion (PE); unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ID RANDOMIZED PURSUIT-EVASION; GRAPH; GAME AB The intruder isolation problem (IIP) involves using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to isolate an intruder traveling along a road network. The UAV has no visibility of the intruder and can obtain the information only about the intruder's location from unattended ground sensors (UGSs) preinstalled on the road network. An UGS detects a passing intruder and records the time of passage. It can also upload the time-stamped information to the UAV directly overhead. This paper focuses on finding the optimal sequence of UGSs for the UAV to visit and the corresponding waiting time around each UGS to achieve isolation for the two variants of the IIP. This task is challenging due to the continuous movement of the intruder along the road network and the partial information scenario. To address these challenges, we propose an unfolding strategy to transform the road network to a decision tree, which describes all possible routes that the intruder may select to follow. Based on the decision tree, the optimal solution to the isolation problem is computed via dynamic programming (DP). To alleviate the computational complexity of DP, an UGS ranking scheme is proposed. Numerical implementations based on a real road network are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach. C1 [Chen, Hua; Zhang, Wei] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy] InfoSciTex Corp, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Casbeer, David] US Air Force, Autonomous Control Branch, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM chen.3824@osu.edu; krishnak@ucla.edu; zhang.491@osu.edu; david.casbeer@us.af.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1063-6536 EI 1558-0865 J9 IEEE T CONTR SYST T JI IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 25 IS 1 BP 222 EP 234 DI 10.1109/TCST.2016.2550423 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA EH1BP UT WOS:000391498700018 ER PT J AU Parrish, JB Teske, JA AF Parrish, Jennifer B. Teske, Jennifer A. TI Acute Partial Sleep Deprivation Due to Environmental Noise Increases Weight Gain by Reducing Energy Expenditure in Rodents SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID OBESITY-RESISTANT RATS; BODY-WEIGHT; FOOD-INTAKE; INSUFFICIENT SLEEP; METABOLIC-RATE; DURATION; IMPACT; METAANALYSIS; RESTRICTION; BEHAVIOR AB Objective: Chronic partial sleep deprivation (SD) by environmental noise exposure increases weight gain and feeding in rodents, which contrasts weight loss after acute SD by physical methods. This study tested whether acute environmental noise exposure reduced sleep and its effect on weight gain, food intake, physical activity, and energy expenditure (EE). It was hypothesized that acute exposure would (1) increase weight gain and feeding and (2) reduce sleep, physical activity, and EE (total and individual components); and (3) behavioral changes would persist throughout recovery from SD. Methods: Three-month old male Sprague-Dawley rats slept ad libitum, were noise exposed (12-h light cycle), and allowed to recover (36 h). Weight gain, food intake, sleep/wake, physical activity, and EE were measured. Results: Acute environmental noise exposure had no effect on feeding, increased weight gain (P < 0.01), and reduced sleep (P < 0.02), physical activity (P < 0.03), total EE (P < 0.05), and several components (P < 0.05). Reductions in EE and physical activity persisted during recovery. Conclusions: Reductions in EE during sleep, rest, and physical activity reduce total EE and contribute to weight gain during acute SD and recovery from SD. These data emphasize the importance of increasing physical activity after SD to prevent obesity. C1 [Parrish, Jennifer B.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Parrish, Jennifer B.; Teske, Jennifer A.] Univ Arizona, Physiol Sci Grad Interdisciplinary Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Teske, Jennifer A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Teske, Jennifer A.] Univ Arizona, Neurosci Grad Interdisciplinary Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Teske, Jennifer A.] Minneapolis VA Hlth Care Syst, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. [Teske, Jennifer A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Teske, Jennifer A.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Obes Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Teske, JA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Physiol Sci Grad Interdisciplinary Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Teske, JA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Teske, JA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Neurosci Grad Interdisciplinary Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Teske, JA (reprint author), Minneapolis VA Hlth Care Syst, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA.; Teske, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Teske, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Obes Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM teskeja@email.arizona.edu FU Department of Veterans Affairs [F7212W]; United States Department of Agriculture [ARZT-1360220-H23-150, ARZT-1372540-R23-131]; United States Air Force Institute of Technology FX Funding for this research and publication was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs [Career Development Award-level 2 (F7212W) to JAT], United States Department of Agriculture (ARZT-1360220-H23-150 and ARZT-1372540-R23-131 to JAT), and a scholarship from the United States Air Force Institute of Technology (to JBP). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JAN PY 2017 VL 25 IS 1 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1002/oby.21703 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA EG7GU UT WOS:000391215200017 PM 27896948 ER PT J AU Wang, ZR Joshi, S Savel'ev, SE Jiang, H Midya, R Lin, P Hu, M Ge, N Strachan, JP Li, ZY Wu, Q Barne, M Li, GL Xin, HL Williams, RS Xia, QF Yang, JJ AF Wang, Zhongrui Joshi, Saumil Savel'ev, Sergey E. Jiang, Hao Midya, Rivu Lin, Peng Hu, Miao Ge, Ning Strachan, John Paul Li, Zhiyong Wu, Qing Barne, Mark Li, Geng-Lin Xin, Huolin L. Williams, R. Stanley Xia, Qiangfei Yang, J. Joshua TI Memristors with diffusive dynamics as synaptic emulators for neuromorphic computing SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TIMING-DEPENDENT PLASTICITY; RESISTIVE SWITCHING MEMORY; OXIDE MEMRISTORS; ATOMIC SWITCH; SYNAPSES; DEVICE; CIRCUITS; NEURONS; SYSTEMS; ARRAY AB The accumulation and extrusion of Ca2+ in the pre- and postsynaptic compartments play a critical role in initiating plastic changes in biological synapses. To emulate this fundamental process in electronic devices, we developed diffusive Ag-in-oxide memristors with a temporal response during and after stimulation similar to that of the synaptic Ca2+ dynamics. In situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle dynamics simulations both demonstrate that Ag atoms disperse under electrical bias and regroup spontaneously under zero bias because of interfacial energy minimization, closely resembling synaptic influx and extrusion of Ca2+, respectively. The diffusive memristor and its dynamics enable a direct emulation of both short- and long-term plasticity of biological synapses, representing an advance in hardware implementation of neuromorphic functionalities. C1 [Wang, Zhongrui; Joshi, Saumil; Jiang, Hao; Midya, Rivu; Lin, Peng; Xia, Qiangfei; Yang, J. Joshua] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Savel'ev, Sergey E.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Phys, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Hu, Miao; Ge, Ning; Strachan, John Paul; Li, Zhiyong; Williams, R. Stanley] Hewlett Packard Corp, 3500 Deer Creek Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Wu, Qing; Barne, Mark] Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, New York, NY 13441 USA. [Li, Geng-Lin] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Xin, Huolin L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yang, JJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jjyang@umass.edu RI Savel'ev, Sergey/A-5876-2011; OI Savel'ev, Sergey/0000-0003-2771-230X; Li, Geng-Lin/0000-0001-7053-4284 FU US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8750-15-2-0044]; Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) [2014-14080800008]; US Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0038]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [ECCS-1253073]; US DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704] FX This work was supported in part by the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (Grant No. FA8750-15-2-0044), the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) (contract 2014-14080800008), US Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR) (Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0038), and the National Science Foundation (NSF) (ECCS-1253073). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of AFRL. Part of the device fabrication was conducted in the clean room of the Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing (CHM), an NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC) located at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The TEM work used resources of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a US DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. The authors thank M. McLean for useful discussions on computing. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 40 U2 40 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 16 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1038/NMAT4756 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA EG8YL UT WOS:000391343300019 PM 27669052 ER PT J AU Wu, Y Gragston, M Zhang, ZL Miller, JD AF Wu, Yue Gragston, Mark Zhang, Zhili Miller, Joseph D. TI Spatially localized, see-through-wall temperature measurements in a flow reactor using radar REMPI SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN AB See-through-wall coherent microwave scattering from resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) for rotational temperature measurements of molecular oxygen has been developed and demonstrated in a flow reactor at atmospheric pressure. Through limited, single-ended optical access, a laser beam was focused to generate local ionization of molecular oxygen in a heated quartz flow reactor enclosed by ceramic heating elements. Coherent microwaves were transmitted, and the subsequent scattering off the laser-induced plasma was received, through the optically opaque ceramic heater walls and used to acquire rotational spectra of molecular oxygen and to determine temperature. Both axial and radial air-temperature profiles were obtained in the flow reactor with an accuracy of +/-20 K x (+/-5%). The experimental results show good agreement with a steady-state computational heat transfer model. This technique shows great potential for non-invasive, high-fidelity measurement of spatially localized temperature and radical species concentration in combustion kinetic experiments and confined combustors constructed of advanced ceramic materials in which limited or non-existing optical access hinders usage of conventional optical diagnostic techniques to quantify thermal non-uniformity. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America. C1 [Wu, Yue; Gragston, Mark; Zhang, Zhili] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Miller, Joseph D.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA. RP Zhang, ZL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM zzhang24@utk.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-15-D-2518] FX Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8650-15-D-2518). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 42 IS 1 BP 53 EP 56 DI 10.1364/OL.42.000053 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EG9RK UT WOS:000391396800015 PM 28059176 ER PT J AU Myers, J Kokoczka, C Cook, G Bedford, R AF Myers, Joshua Kokoczka, Chris Cook, Gary Bedford, Robert TI High peak power cavity dumping semiconductor lasers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASER; OUTPUT POWER; MU-M; VECSEL; PULSES; GENERATION; OPERATION; DESIGN AB We report on the development of a nanosecond pulsed kW-class optically pumped InGaAs semiconductor laser emitting around 1020 nm, which is suitable for applications such as incoherent laser radar, nonlinear optics, and materials processing. Using an intracavity Pockels cell to cavity-dump VECSELs, we are able to access large pulse energies by storing energy in the optical cavity rather than in the gain medium. We demonstrate peak powers >1 kW and 3 mu J pulses, show the pulse length is equivalent to the photon round-trip time, and show that the wavelength can be tuned within the gain bandwidth of the semiconductor gain. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Myers, Joshua; Kokoczka, Chris; Cook, Gary; Bedford, Robert] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Myers, J (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM joshua.myers.27.ctr@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR 08RY08COR]; Air Force Research Lab Sensors Directorate (RY) [RYD-2543] FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (LRIR 08RY08COR); Air Force Research Lab Sensors Directorate (RY) (RYD-2543). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 42 IS 1 BP 113 EP 116 DI 10.1364/OL.42.000113 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EG9RK UT WOS:000391396800030 PM 28059191 ER PT S AU Berlingo, MT Tripp, L Wilson, J AF Berlingo, Meghan T. Tripp, Lisa Wilson, Justin BE Kantola, JI Barath, T Nazir, S Andre, T TI Intelligence Training Research Exercise 15-1 SO ADVANCES IN HUMAN FACTORS, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, TRAINING AND EDUCATION SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Human Factors, Business Management and Society CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL FL DE Intelligence; Training; Fidelity; Usability AB The development of effective team training systems has a high degree of complexity. It is critical to balance fidelity for trainees and usability for trainers while optimizing training effectiveness. This paper focuses on the methodology leveraged to elicit the empirical data through a training specific study called a Training Research Exercise (T-REX). T-REX 15-1 kicked off the first combined user evaluation of the three primary components of the Distributed Common Ground System Weapon System Trainer (DWST). Thirteen individuals from the 480th ISR Wing, 27th Intelligence Squadron (IS), Distributed Ground Station-Indiana (DGS-IN), and the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC) participated in a 4 day training event to evaluate the usability and fidelity of the DWST. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed on the data for the three different measures across all participants; crew trainer fidelity (M = 3.71, SD = 0.30), crew trainer usability (M = 3.69, SD = 0.41), and overall training experience (M = 3.43, SD = 0.42). Results indicate that participants from all groups were satisfied with the fidelity and usability of the crew trainer as well as the training experience in general. C1 [Berlingo, Meghan T.; Tripp, Lisa; Wilson, Justin] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Berlingo, MT (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM meghan.berlingo.1@us.af.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-42070-7; 978-3-319-42069-1 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 498 BP 533 EP 540 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-42070-7_49 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Education & Educational Research; Management SC Computer Science; Education & Educational Research; Business & Economics GA BG6XE UT WOS:000390893100049 ER PT S AU Calhoun, GL Ruff, HA Behymer, KJ Mersch, EM AF Calhoun, Gloria L. Ruff, Heath A. Behymer, Kyle J. Mersch, Elizabeth M. BE SavageKnepshield, P Chen, J TI Operator-Autonomy Teaming Interfaces to Support Multi-Unmanned Vehicle Missions SO ADVANCES IN HUMAN FACTORS IN ROBOTS AND UNMANNED SYSTEMS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics / International Conference on Human Factors in Robots and Unmanned Systems CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL Bay Lake, FL DE Flexible automation; Adaptable automation; Unmanned systems; Autonomous vehicles; Operator-Autonomy; Interfaces; Multi-modal control; Display symbology; Human factors AB Advances in automation technology are leading to the development of operational concepts in which a single operator teams with multiple autonomous vehicles. This requires the design and evaluation of interfaces that support operator-autonomy collaborations. This paper describes interfaces designed to support a base defense mission performed by a human operator and heterogeneous unmanned vehicles. Flexible operator-autonomy teamwork is facilitated with interfaces that highlight the tradeoffs of autonomy-generated plans, support allocation of assets to tasks, and communicate mission progress. The interfaces include glyphs and video gaming type icons that present information in a concise, integrated manner and multi-modal controls that augment an adaptable architecture to enable seamless transition across control levels, from manual to fully autonomous. Examples of prototype displays and controls are provided, as well as usability data collected from multi-task simulation evaluations. C1 [Calhoun, Gloria L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, HPW RHCI 711, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Ruff, Heath A.; Behymer, Kyle J.] Infoscitex, Dayton, OH USA. [Mersch, Elizabeth M.] Wright State Res Inst, Dayton, OH USA. RP Calhoun, GL (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, HPW RHCI 711, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM gloria.calhoun@us.af.mil; heath.ruff.ctr@us.af.mil; kyle.behymer.1.ctr@us.af.mil; elizabeth.mersch.ctr@us.af.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-41959-6; 978-3-319-41958-9 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 499 BP 113 EP 126 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41959-6_10 PG 14 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BG6SB UT WOS:000390838400010 ER PT S AU Lyons, JB Sadler, GG Koltai, K Battiste, H Ho, NT Hoffmann, LC Smith, D Johnson, W Shively, R AF Lyons, Joseph B. Sadler, Garrett G. Koltai, Kolina Battiste, Henri Ho, Nhut T. Hoffmann, Lauren C. Smith, David Johnson, Walter Shively, Robert BE SavageKnepshield, P Chen, J TI Shaping Trust Through Transparent Design: Theoretical and Experimental Guidelines SO ADVANCES IN HUMAN FACTORS IN ROBOTS AND UNMANNED SYSTEMS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics / International Conference on Human Factors in Robots and Unmanned Systems CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL Bay Lake, FL DE Trust; Transparency; Automation ID AUTOMATION; RELIANCE AB The current research discusses transparency as a means to enable trust of automated systems. Commercial pilots (N = 13) interacted with an automated aid for emergency landings. The automated aid provided decision support during a complex task where pilots were instructed to land several aircraft simultaneously. Three transparency conditions were used to examine the impact of transparency on pilot's trust of the tool. The conditions were: baseline (i.e., the existing tool interface), value (where the tool provided a numeric value for the likely success of a particular airport for that aircraft), and logic (where the tool provided the rationale for the recommendation). Trust was highest in the logic condition, which is consistent with prior studies in this area. Implications for design are discussed in terms of promoting understanding of the rationale for automated recommendations. C1 [Lyons, Joseph B.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Sadler, Garrett G.; Koltai, Kolina; Battiste, Henri; Ho, Nhut T.; Hoffmann, Lauren C.] NVH Human Syst Integrat, Canoga Pk, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Smith, David; Johnson, Walter; Shively, Robert] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lyons, JB (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM joseph.lyons.6@us.af.mi; garrett.g.sadler@gmail.com; kolina.koltai@gmail.com; hbattiste@gmail.com; nhut.ho.51@gmail.com; lauren.c.hoffmann@gmail.com; david.smith@nasa.gov; walter.johnson@nasa.gov; robert.shively@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-41959-6; 978-3-319-41958-9 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 499 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41959-6_11 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BG6SB UT WOS:000390838400011 ER PT S AU Lohani, M Stokes, C Dashan, N McCoy, M Bailey, CA Rivers, SE AF Lohani, Monika Stokes, Charlene Dashan, Natalia McCoy, Marissa Bailey, Christopher A. Rivers, Susan E. BE SavageKnepshield, P Chen, J TI A Framework for Human-Agent Social Systems: The Role of Non-technical Factors in Operation Success SO ADVANCES IN HUMAN FACTORS IN ROBOTS AND UNMANNED SYSTEMS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics / International Conference on Human Factors in Robots and Unmanned Systems CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL Bay Lake, FL DE Social and emotional interaction; Human factors; Non-technical skills; Operation success; Human-Agent teams ID HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION; VIRTUAL AGENTS; RAPPORT; HRI AB We present a comprehensive framework that identifies a number of factors that impact human-agent team building, including human, agent, and environmental factors. This framework integrates existing empirical work in organization behavior, non-technical training, and human-agent interaction to support successful human-agent operations. We conclude by discussing implications and next steps to evaluate and expand our framework with the aim of guiding future attempts to create efficient human-agent teams and improve mission outcomes. C1 [Lohani, Monika; Stokes, Charlene; Dashan, Natalia; McCoy, Marissa; Bailey, Christopher A.; Rivers, Susan E.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, 340 Edwards St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lohani, M (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, 340 Edwards St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM monika.lohani@yale.edu; charlene.stokes@yale.edu; natalia.dashan@yale.edu; marissa.mccoy@yale.edu; christopher.a.bailey@yale.edu; susan.rivers@yale.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-41959-6; 978-3-319-41958-9 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 499 BP 137 EP 148 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41959-6_12 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BG6SB UT WOS:000390838400012 ER PT S AU Tolston, MT Finomore, V Funke, GJ Mancuso, V Brown, R Menke, L Riley, MA AF Tolston, Michael T. Finomore, Victor Funke, Gregory J. Mancuso, Vincent Brown, Rebecca Menke, Lauren Riley, Michael A. BE Hale, KS Stanney, KM TI Effects of Biasing Information on the Conceptual Structure of Team Communications SO ADVANCES IN NEUROERGONOMICS AND COGNITIVE ENGINEERING SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE) / International Conference on Neuroergonomics and Cognitive Engineering CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL Bay Lake, FL DE Teams; Team cognition; Team performance; Conceptual recurrence analysis ID INTUITION; COGNITION; JUDGMENT; SYSTEMS; BIASES AB This study evaluated the effect of biasing information on team communication and cognition in a distributed team decision-making task. Teams received misleading or irrelevant information (control) either early or late in their information queue, and Conceptual Recurrence Analysis (CRA) was used to quantify conceptual structure in team communications. Teams in the Late condition produced a significantly greater proportion of conceptually similar utterances than teams in the Early or Control conditions. There was also a trend in the Early condition for utterances to be more conceptually similar than those in the Late condition. Additionally, the persistence of misleading information was affected by condition: teams in the Late condition were still discussing misleading information in the second half of the experiment, but teams in the Early condition were not. We take this as evidence that receiving misleading information later in the queue decreased the focus of team conversation. C1 [Tolston, Michael T.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Finomore, Victor; Funke, Gregory J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mancuso, Vincent] MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. [Brown, Rebecca; Menke, Lauren] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Fairborn, OH USA. [Riley, Michael A.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Tolston, MT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM michale.tolston.ctr@us.af.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-41691-5; 978-3-319-41690-8 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 488 BP 433 EP 445 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41691-5_37 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BG6SA UT WOS:000390838300037 ER PT S AU Fallon, CK Panganiban, AR Chiu, P Matthews, G AF Fallon, Corey K. Panganiban, April Rose Chiu, Peter Matthews, Gerald BE Goossens, RHM TI The Effects of a Trust Violation and Trust Repair in a Distributed Team Decision-Making Task: Exploring the Affective Component of Trust SO ADVANCES IN SOCIAL & OCCUPATIONAL ERGONOMICS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE) / International Conference on Social and Occupational Ergonomics CY JUL 27-31, 2016 CL Walt Disney World, Bay Lake, FL HO Walt Disney World DE Trust; Affect; Trust repair; Exploitation ID IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST; ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST; INTEGRATIVE MODEL; PERFORMANCE; AUTOMATION; ATTITUDES; SYSTEM AB The researchers investigated trust in a distributed work team. We explored the extent to which increased negative affective implicit and explicit attitudes are associated with loss of trust after a trust violation. We also investigated the effects of an attempt at trust repair after this violation. Participants performed a remote team task with two teammates. One of the teammates exploited the participant and then attempted to repair trust. Implicit and explicit affective attitudes and trust were measured. Increased negative explicit attitude toward the violator was associated with loss of trust in this teammate. Also, the attempt to repair trust significantly increased trust, but was still significantly lower than baseline. Results highlight the importance of explicit affective attitude as a trust predictor. Also, loss of trust resulting from exploitation may be increased by attempts at trust repair, but complete restoration of trust may be challenging after exploitation has occurred. C1 [Fallon, Corey K.; Chiu, Peter] Univ Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Panganiban, April Rose] US Air Force Res Lab, Fairborn, OH USA. [Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, 3100 Technol Pkwy, Orlando, FL USA. RP Fallon, CK (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM fallonck@mail.uc.edu; April_rose.fallon@us.af.mil; chiucy@ucmail.uc.edu; Gmatthew@ist.ucf.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2194-5357 BN 978-3-319-41688-5; 978-3-319-41687-8 J9 ADV INTELL SYST PY 2017 VL 487 BP 447 EP 459 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41688-5_41 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA BG6RZ UT WOS:000390838200041 ER PT J AU De Jong, MJ Dukes, SF Dufour, KM Mortimer, DL AF De Jong, Marla J. Dukes, Susan F. Dufour, Karey M. Mortimer, Darcy L. TI Clinical Experience and Learning Style of Flight Nurse and Aeromedical Evacuation Technician Students SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE Clinical skills; training; patient transport ID SIMULATION; EDUCATION; CARE AB BACKGROUND: The clinical experience and preferred learning style of U.S. Air Force flight nurses and aeromedical evacuation technicians are unknown. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional survey design, we gathered data regarding the clinical experience, level of comfort providing clinical care, and preferred learning style of 77 active duty (AD), Air Force Reserve (AFR), and Air National Guard (ANG) nurses enrolled in the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine Flight Nurse course, and 121 AD, AFR, and ANG medical technicians enrolled in the Aeromedical Evacuation Technician course. RESULTS: Nurses and medical technicians reported 7.6 +/- 5.5 and 3.9 +/- 4.5 yr of experience, respectively. AD, AFR, and ANG nurses had comparable years of experience: 5.8 +/- 3.2, 8.3 +/- 6.6, and 7.9 +/- 4.2 yr, respectively; however, AD medical technicians had more years of experience (5.6 +/- 4.4 yr) than AFR (3.1 +/- 4.8 yr) and ANG (1.9 +/- 2.8 yr) medical technicians. Both nurses and medical technicians reported infrequently caring for patients with various disease processes and managing equipment or devices that they will routinely encounter when transporting patients as an aeromedical evacuation clinician. Nurses and medical technicians preferred a kinesthetic learning style or a multimodal learning style that included kinesthetic learning. Nearly all (99%) nurses and 97% of medical technicians identified simulation as their preferred teaching method. DISCUSSION: These findings confirm faculty concerns regarding the clinical experience of flight nurse and aerospace evacuation technician students. C1 [De Jong, Marla J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Daniel K Inouye Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USAF Sch Aerosp Med, Aeromed Res Dept, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Dukes, Susan F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [De Jong, Marla J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Faye Glenn Abdellah Ctr Mil & Fed Hlth Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dufour, Karey M.] 43rd Aeromed Evacuat Squadron, Pope Army Airfield, NC USA. [Mortimer, Darcy L.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP De Jong, MJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM marla.dejong@usuhs.edu FU 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio FX This research was supported by a grant from the 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. We thank Susan Connor, Ph.D., R.N., for helping administer the surveys, and Dennis Hanseman, Ph.D., from the Department of Surgery at the University of Cincinnati for statistics support. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 88 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4697.2017 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA EF8YT UT WOS:000390618600006 PM 28061918 ER PT J AU Davenport, ED Rupp, KAN Palileo, E Haynes, J AF Davenport, Eddie D. Rupp, Karen A. N. Palileo, Edwin Haynes, Jared TI Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern ECG in USAF Aviators SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE pre-excitation; WPW syndrome; aviation; catheter ablation ID CATHETER ABLATION; FOLLOW-UP; PREEXCITATION; MANAGEMENT AB INTRODUCTION: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) pattern is occasionally found in asymptomatic aviators during routine ECGs. Aeromedical concerns regarding WPW pattern include risk of dysrhythmia or sudden cardiac death (SCD), thus affecting the safety of flight. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and outcomes of aviators with asymptomatic WPW pattern and assess for risk factors that contribute to progression to dysrhythmia or symptoms. METHODS: The U.S. Air Force (USAF) ECG library database containing over 1.2 million ECGs collected over the past 68 yr was used to identify 638 individual aviators with WPW pattern. Demographic, medical history, and outcome data were obtained by medical record review. Aviators who developed high risk features defined as symptoms, arrhythmia, or ablation of a high risk pathway, were compared to those who remained asymptomatic. RESULTS: Prevalence of WPW pattern was 0.30% among all USAF aviators. Of the 638 individuals, 64 (10%) progressed to the combined endpoint of SCD, arrhythmia, and/or ablation of a high risk pathway over 6868 patient years, with average follow-up of 10.5 yr. There were two sudden cardiac deaths (0.3%). Annual risk of possible sudden incapacitation was 0.95% and of SCD 0.03%. Those that progressed to high risk were significantly younger, had lower diastolic blood pressure, lower total cholesterol, and better physical fitness testing scores. DISCUSSION: WPW pattern on ECG found in asymptomatic aviators confers < 1% annual risk of arrhythmia or incapacitating events with the highest risk in the younger, healthier, and most fit populations. C1 [Davenport, Eddie D.; Palileo, Edwin; Haynes, Jared] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Aerosp Med Consultat ACS Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rupp, Karen A. N.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Davenport, ED (reprint author), US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Cardiol, Aeromed Consultat Serv,Internal Med Branch, 2510 Fifth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM edavenport72@gmail.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 88 IS 1 BP 56 EP 60 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4569.2017 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA EF8YT UT WOS:000390618600012 PM 28061924 ER PT J AU Tristan, LR AF Tristan, Lesli R. TI Hypoxia Occurrence in a Military Aviator Below 3048 m SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE altitude; aviation; decompression; depressurization ID SYMPTOMS; ALTITUDES; AIRCREW AB INTRODUCTION: Despite technological advances, hypoxia remains a concern in aviation. Hypoxia can present with a vast array of symptoms that are unique to each aviator. Military aviators undergo hypoxia awareness trainings to learn their unique constellation of hypoxia symptoms. CASE REPORT: This case report describes a military aviator who was flying in a B1 when the cabin depressurized. While performing the emergency checklist, the aviator was moving about the cabin and began to experience hypoxia symptoms. His symptoms occurred at an altitude below 3048 m (10,000 ft), and his fellow crewmembers remained asymptomatic. Previous hypoxia awareness trainings enabled the aviator to recognize his symptoms as hypoxic. His symptoms resolved within seconds of applying supplemental oxygen via his facemask, and he did not have any recurrence of his symptoms. DISCUSSION: Aviators reliably remember their hypoxic symptoms from previous hypoxia awareness trainings up to 4.5 yr later. This enables the aviator to quickly take action to correct his or her symptoms. While hypoxia is commonly thought to only occur at altitudes greater than 4267 m (14,000 ft), it can occur at lower altitudes, especially if it is compounded with the physiological changes from exercise. C1 [Tristan, Lesli R.] US Air Force, Flight Med, Abilene, TX USA. RP Tristan, LR (reprint author), US Air Force, 3217 Woodlake Dr, Abilene, TX 79606 USA. EM lesli.tristan.1@us.af.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD JAN PY 2017 VL 88 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4722.2017 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA EF8YT UT WOS:000390618600013 PM 28061925 ER PT J AU Miracle, DB Senkov, ON AF Miracle, D. B. Senkov, O. N. TI A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Review DE High-entropy alloys; Microstructure; Mechanical properties; Thermodynamics; Multicomponent ID PRINCIPAL-ELEMENT ALLOYS; HYDROGEN STORAGE PROPERTIES; REFRACTORY NBCRMO0.5TA0.5TIZR ALLOY; SOLID-SOLUTION PHASE; HIGH-PURITY WATER; NET SHAPING LENS; V-ZR SYSTEM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; MULTICOMPONENT ALLOYS AB High entropy alloys (HEAs) are barely 12 years old. The field has stimulated new ideas and has inspired the exploration of the vast composition space offered by multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs). Here we present a critical review of this field, with the intent of summarizing key findings, uncovering major trends and providing guidance for future efforts. Major themes in this assessment include definition of terms; thermodynamic analysis of complex, concentrated alloys (CCAs); taxonomy of current alloy families; microstructures; mechanical properties; potential applications; and future efforts. Based on detailed analyses, the following major results emerge. Although classical thermodynamic concepts are unchanged, trends in MPEAs can be different than in simpler alloys. Common thermodynamic perceptions can be misleading and new trends are described. From a strong focus on 3d transition metal alloys, there are now seven distinct CCA families. A new theme of designing alloy families by selecting elements to achieve a specific, intended purpose is starting to emerge. A comprehensive microstructural assessment is performed using three datasets: experimental data drawn from 408 different alloys and two computational datasets generated using the CALculated PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD) method. Each dataset emphasizes different elements and shows different microstructural trends. Trends in these three datasets are all predicted by a 'structure in - structure out' (SISO) analysis developed here that uses the weighted fractions of the constituent element crystal structures in each dataset. A total of 13 distinct multi-principal element single-phase fields are found in this microstructural assessment. Relationships between composition, microstructure and properties are established for 3d transition metal MPEAs, including the roles of Al, Cr and Cu. Critical evaluation shows that commercial austenitic stainless steels and nickel alloys with 3 or more principal elements are MPEAs, as well as some established functional materials. Mechanical properties of 3d transition metal CCAs are equivalent to commercial austenitic stainless steels and nickel alloys, while some refractory metal CCAs show potential to extend the service strength and/or temperature of nickel superalloys. Detailed analyses of microstructures and properties allow two major HEA hypotheses to be resolved. Although the 'entropy effect' is not supported by the present data, it has nevertheless made an enduring contribution by inspiring a clearer understanding of the importance of configurational entropy on phase stability. The 'sluggish diffusion' hypothesis is also not supported by available data, but it motivates re-evaluation of a classical concept of metallic diffusion. Building on recent published work, the CCA field has expanded to include materials with metallic, ionic or covalent bonding. It also includes microstructures with any number of phases and any type of phases. Finally, the MPEA field is shown to include both structural and functional materials applications. A significant number of future efforts are recommended, with an emphasis on developing high throughput experiments and computations for structural materials. The review concludes with a brief description of major accomplishments of the field and insights gained from the first 12 years of research. The field has lost none of its potency and continues to pose new questions and offer new possibilities. The vast range of complex compositions and microstructures remains the most compelling motivation for future studies. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Miracle, D. B.; Senkov, O. N.] AF Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Senkov, O. N.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Beavercreek, OH USA. RP Miracle, DB (reprint author), AF Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM daniel.miracle@us.af.mil FU Air Force [FA8650-10-D-5226] FX First and foremost, we acknowledge the leadership of the pioneers in this field. They showed unusual vision, courage and belief in these ideas long before they became accepted. They nurtured these ideas for as long as 25 years before the first publication! They resisted the urge to publish quickly and instead worked to build a strong and more complete dataset before release. These are all admirable traits. We also acknowledge the compelling and provocative title that helped propel the field for the first 12 years. Like it or hate it, it has had the power to motivate and inspire the scientific community in a way that happens only rarely. The debates that it provoked and the scientific results that followed have ultimately increased our understanding in a positive way. A work of this magnitude benefits from the help of many colleagues. We thank U. Kattner, E. Lass, J.-C. Zhao, M. Widom and M. Gao for discussions and insights regarding classical thermodynamics of materials, and B. Fultz to clarify issues of vibrational entropy. We especially appreciate discussions with S. Gorsse regarding approaches to estimate the magnitude of vibrational entropies that are found in Fig. 6a. J. Spowart, G. Wilks and A. Pilchak are acknowledged for discussions of hyper-dimensional geometry. We sincerely thank the many friends and colleagues who contribute to the field and have shared their insights, ideas and results freely, especially J.-W. Yeh, P. Liaw, E. George and U. Glatzel. O.N.S. acknowledges financial support through the Air Force on-site contract FA8650-10-D-5226, managed by UES, Inc., Dayton, OH. Finally, we acknowledge the confidence and patience shown by C. Schuh in commissioning this work. We are grateful for the opportunity it has provided us to better learn this important field. NR 349 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 129 U2 129 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN 1 PY 2017 VL 122 BP 448 EP 511 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.081 PG 64 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EE4EY UT WOS:000389556300043 ER PT J AU Toet, A Hogervorst, MA Pinkus, AR AF Toet, Alexander Hogervorst, Maarten A. Pinkus, Alan R. TI The TRICLOBS Dynamic Multi-Band Image Data Set for the Development and Evaluation of Image Fusion Methods SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CONTEXT ENHANCEMENT; VISIBLE IMAGES; DECOMPOSITION; TRANSFORM; DISPLAY; ARRAY AB The fusion and enhancement of multiband nighttime imagery for surveillance and navigation has been the subject of extensive research for over two decades. Despite the ongoing efforts in this area there is still only a small number of static multiband test images available for the development and evaluation of new image fusion and enhancement methods. Moreover, dynamic multiband imagery is also currently lacking. To fill this gap we present the TRICLOBS dynamic multi-band image data set containing sixteen registered visual (0.4-0.7 mu m), near-infrared (NIR, 0.7-1.0 mu m) and long-wave infrared (LWIR, 8-14 mu m) motion sequences. They represent different military and civilian surveillance scenarios registered in three different scenes. Scenes include (military and civilian) people that are stationary, walking or running, or carrying various objects. Vehicles, foliage, and buildings or other manmade structures are also included in the scenes. This data set is primarily intended for the development and evaluation of image fusion, enhancement and color mapping algorithms for short-range surveillance applications. The imagery was collected during several field trials with our newly developed TRICLOBS (TRI-band Color Low-light OBServation) all-day all-weather surveillance system. This system registers a scene in the Visual, NIR and LWIR part of the electromagnetic spectrum using three optically aligned sensors (two digital image intensifiers and an uncooled long-wave infrared microbolometer). The three sensor signals are mapped to three individual RGB color channels, digitized, and stored as uncompressed RGB (false) color frames. The TRICLOBS data set enables the development and evaluation of (both static and dynamic) image fusion, enhancement and color mapping algorithms. To allow the development of realistic color remapping procedures, the data set also contains color photographs of each of the three scenes. The color statistics derived from these photographs can be used to define color mappings that give the multi-band imagery a realistic color appearance. C1 [Toet, Alexander; Hogervorst, Maarten A.] TNO, Soesterberg, Netherlands. [Pinkus, Alan R.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Toet, A (reprint author), TNO, Soesterberg, Netherlands. EM lextoet@gmail.com OI Toet, Alexander/0000-0003-1051-5422 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF [FA8655-06-1-3017, FA8655-09-1-3095, FA8655-11-1-3015, FA9550-14-1-0069, FA9550-15-1-0433]; TNO FX This effort was sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF, under grant numbers FA8655-06-1-3017, FA8655-09-1-3095, FA8655-11-1-3015, FA9550-14-1-0069, and FA9550-15-1-0433. TNO provided support in the form of salaries for authors AT and MAH. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 30 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 12 AR e0165016 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0165016 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EG7LN UT WOS:000391229300003 PM 28036328 ER PT J AU Sutton, EK AF Sutton, Eric K. TI Interhemispheric transport of light neutral species in the thermosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; HELIUM; MODEL; DYNAMICS AB A mechanistic description of neutral species transport is presented, reconciling two long-standing yet ostensibly incompatible interpretations of the "wind-induced diffusion" of thermospheric constituents. Regarding the creation and sustainment of anomalous winter distributions of light species (e.g., atomic oxygen or helium), the theory of Reber and Hays (1973) cites vertical advection as the main cause while Mayr et al. (1978) cite horizontal transport-both in the presence of a diffusively separated atmosphere. We demonstrate that these theories are not at odds with each other. Instead, they describe two coherent aspects of a single process: convergent (divergent) horizontal motion increases downwelling (upwelling), thereby transporting light constituents both horizontally and vertically simultaneously. Such a connection between horizontal and vertical transport is straightforward and well established for the mass-averaged circulation. Yet this connection has remained obscure for a single minor species entrained within the flow, in part due to the appearance of the composition equation when expressed in a Eulerian frame of reference. Concrete evidence is presented in terms of model equations and diagnostics, establishing a direct link between the horizontal and vertical transport of an atmospheric constituent. Consequently, we are able to show that winter accumulations of light species arise from an interhemispheric migration operating on seasonal timescales, rather than from their redistribution within the vertical column. This new understanding has implications for the timescales at play in both the F region ionosphere and lower exosphere, two regions profoundly impacted by light neutral species. C1 [Sutton, Eric K.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Environm Branch, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Sutton, EK (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Environm Branch, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. EM eric.k.sutton@gmail.com OI Sutton, Eric/0000-0003-1424-7189 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Space Sciences Program [LRIR 13RV09COR, 16RVCOR278] FX The author would like to thank J. P. Thayer, J. P. McCollough, A. G. Burns, S. C. Solomon, and W. Wang for discussions that aided in clarifying the ideas presented here. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Space Sciences Program under tasks LRIR 13RV09COR and 16RVCOR278. The TIE-GCM was provided by NCAR/HAO and is freely available at their website www.hao.ucar.edu/modeling/tgcm/tie.php; data used to generate figures can be obtained from the author. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 28 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 24 BP 12325 EP 12332 DI 10.1002/2016GL071679 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EI8FT UT WOS:000392741900003 ER PT J AU Wiens, JP Miller, TM Shuman, NS Viggiano, AA AF Wiens, Justin P. Miller, Thomas M. Shuman, Nicholas S. Viggiano, Albert A. TI Dissociative recombination of HCl+, H2Cl+, DCl+, and D2Cl+ in a flowing afterglow SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HERSCHEL/HIFI DISCOVERY; INTERSTELLAR CHLORONIUM; POSITIVE-IONS; STORAGE-RING; TEMPERATURE; COEFFICIENTS; ENERGY; KINETICS; CLOUDS; ARH+ AB Dissociative recombination of electrons with HCl+, H2Cl+, DCl+, and D2Cl+ has been measured under thermal conditions at 300, 400, and 500 K using a flowing afterglow-Langmuir probe apparatus. Measurements for HCl+ and DCl+ employed the variable electron and neutral density attachment mass spectrometry (VENDAMS) method, while those for H2Cl+ and D2Cl+ employed both VENDAMS and the more traditional technique of monitoring electron density as a function of reaction time. At 300 K, HCl+ and H2Cl+ recombine with k(DR) = 7.7 +/-(4.5)(2.1) x 10(-8) cm(3) s(-1) and 2.6 +/- 0.8 x 10(-7) cm(3) s(-1), respectively, whereas D2Cl+ is roughly half as fast as H2Cl+ with k(DR) = 1.1 +/- 0.3 x 10(-7) cm(3) s(-1) (2 sigma confidence intervals). DCl+ recombines with a rate coefficient below the approximate detection limit of the method (<5 x 10(-8) cm(3) s(-1)) at all temperatures. Relatively slow dissociative recombination rates have been speculated to be responsible for the large HCl+ and H2Cl+ abundances in interstellar clouds compared to current astrochemical models, but our results imply that the discrepancy must originate elsewhere. C1 [Wiens, Justin P.; Miller, Thomas M.; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Viggiano, Albert A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM rvborgmailbox@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR-2303EP]; Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College [FA94-5310-C-0206] FX We thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for generous support under No. AFOSR-2303EP. J.P.W. and T.M.M. acknowledge the support from the Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College under Contract No. FA94-5310-C-0206. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 28 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 24 AR 244312 DI 10.1063/1.4972063 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EI0OW UT WOS:000392174800029 PM 28049331 ER PT J AU Pustovit, VN Urbas, AM Zelmon, DE AF Pustovit, Vitaliy N. Urbas, Augustine M. Zelmon, David E. TI Surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation in hyperbolic metamaterials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-DIELECTRIC METAMATERIALS; FLUORESCENCE; NANOPARTICLE; ABSORPTION; SCATTERING; MODES AB We study theoretically and numerically spasing conditions and optical dynamics of a composite hyperbolic metamaterial interacting with gain molecules. By combining Maxwell-Bloch equations with Green's function approach, we calculate lasing frequency and threshold population inversion for various gain density in the gain layer. We demonstrate a high level of enhancement for photonic density of states in a spacious spectral range provided by hyperbolic metastructures. We find that direct dipole-dipole interactions between molecules in the gain layer has a negligible effect on spasing conditions. We identify a region of parameters in which spasing can occur considering these effects. C1 [Pustovit, Vitaliy N.; Urbas, Augustine M.; Zelmon, David E.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pustovit, VN (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU Air Force Research Laboratory; AFRL Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Applied Metamaterials Program FX This research was performed while the first author held a NRC Research Associateship Programs (USA) Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory. This work was also supported by AFRL Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Applied Metamaterials Program. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 28 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 23 AR 235445 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.235445 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EG4JX UT WOS:000391011000006 ER PT J AU Meyer, TR Halls, BR Jiang, NB Slipchenko, MN Roy, S Gord, JR AF Meyer, Terrence R. Halls, Benjamin R. Jiang, Naibo Slipchenko, Mikhail N. Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI High-speed, three-dimensional tomographic laser-induced incandescence imaging of soot volume fraction in turbulent flames SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED-FLUORESCENCE; DIFFUSION FLAME; PREMIXED FLAMES; DIESEL-ENGINES; SINGLE-SHOT; LAMINAR; JET; KHZ AB High-speed, laser-based tomographic imaging of the three-dimensional time evolution of soot volume fraction in turbulent jet diffusion flames is demonstrated to be feasible at rates of 10 kHz or higher. The fundamental output of a burst-mode Nd: YAG laser with 1 J/pulse is utilized for volumetric impulsive heating of soot particles with a laser fluence of 0.1 J/cm(2), enabling signal-to-noise ratios of similar to 100: 1 in images of the resulting incandescence. The three-dimensional morphology of the soot distribution is captured with a spatial resolution of <1.5 mm using as few as four viewing angles, with convergence of the soot volume fraction to within similar to 95% occurring with seven or more viewing angles. Uniqueness of the solution is demonstrated using two sets of eight images captured at the same time instant, with agreement to >90% in peak values between the two sets. These data establish parameters for successful high-speed, three-dimensional imaging of the soot volume fraction within highly transient combustion environments. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Meyer, Terrence R.; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Halls, Benjamin R.; Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jiang, Naibo; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Meyer, TR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM trmeyer@purdue.edu FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8605-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR 14RQ06COR, LRIR 15RQCOR202]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [CTS-1403969] FX National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Aerospace Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8605-15-D-2518); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (LRIR 14RQ06COR, Dr. Chiping Li, Program Officer and LRIR 15RQCOR202, Dr. Enrique Parra, Program Officer); National Science Foundation (NSF) (CTS-1403969). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 26 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 26 BP 29547 EP 29555 DI 10.1364/OE.24.029547 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA EG1RE UT WOS:000390809100031 PM 28059341 ER PT J AU Squires, MB Olson, SE Kasch, B Stickney, JA Erickson, CJ Crow, JAR Carlson, EJ Burke, JH AF Squires, Matthew B. Olson, Spencer E. Kasch, Brian Stickney, James A. Erickson, Christopher J. Crow, Jonathan A. R. Carlson, Evan J. Burke, John H. TI Ex vacuo atom chip Bose-Einstein condensate SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Ex vacuo atom chips, used in conjunction with a custom thin walled vacuum chamber, have enabled the rapid replacement of atom chips for magnetically trapped cold atom experiments. Atoms were trapped in >2 kHz magnetic traps created using high power atom chips. A thin walled vacuum chamber allowed the atoms to be trapped less than or similar to 1 mm from the atom chip conductors which were located outside of the vacuum system. Placing the atom chip outside of the vacuum simplified the electrical connections and improved the thermal management. Using a multi-lead Z-wire chip design, a Bose-Einstein condensate was produced with an external atom chip. Vacuum and optical conditions were maintained while replacing the Z-wire chip with an atom chip with a cross-wire design. The atom chips were exchanged and an initial magnetic trap was achieved in less than 3 h. C1 [Squires, Matthew B.; Olson, Spencer E.; Kasch, Brian; Erickson, Christopher J.; Crow, Jonathan A. R.; Carlson, Evan J.; Burke, John H.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Kasch, Brian] Space Dynam Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Stickney, James A.] Space Dynam Lab, North Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Squires, MB (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 26 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 26 AR 264101 DI 10.1063/1.4971838 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EI9ND UT WOS:000392834000039 ER PT J AU Mehmood, F Pachter, R Murphy, NR Johnson, WE Ramana, CV AF Mehmood, Faisal Pachter, Ruth Murphy, Neil R. Johnson, Walter E. Ramana, Chintalapalle V. TI Effect of oxygen vacancies on the electronic and optical properties of tungsten oxide from first principles calculations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WO3 THIN-FILMS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; BAND-GAP; TRIOXIDE; BEHAVIOR; SURFACE; SEMICONDUCTORS; APPROXIMATION; TEMPERATURE; FABRICATION AB In this work, we investigated theoretically the role of oxygen vacancies on the electronic and optical properties of cubic, gamma-monoclinic, and tetragonal phases of tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films. Following the examination of structural properties and stability of the bulk tungsten oxide polymorphs, we analyzed band structures and optical properties, applying density functional theory (DFT) and GW (Green's (G) function approximation with screened Coulomb interaction (W)) methods. Careful benchmarking of calculated band gaps demonstrated the importance of using a range-separated functional, where results for the pristine room temperature gamma-monoclinic structure indicated agreement with experiment. Further, modulation of the band gap for WO3 structures with oxygen vacancies was quantified. Dielectric functions for cubic WO3, calculated at both the single-particle, essentially time-dependent DFT, as well as many-body GW-Bethe-Salpeter equation levels, indicated agreement with experimental data for pristine WO3. Interestingly, we found that introducing oxygen vacancies caused appearance of lower energy absorptions. A smaller refractive index was indicated in the defective WO3 structures. These predictions could lead to further experiments aimed at tuning the optical properties of WO3 by introducing oxygen vacancies, particularly for the lower energy spectral region. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Mehmood, Faisal; Pachter, Ruth; Murphy, Neil R.; Johnson, Walter E.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mehmood, Faisal] Gen Dynam Informat Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Ramana, Chintalapalle V.] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Pachter, R (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM ruth.pachter@us.af.mil NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 21 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 23 AR 233105 DI 10.1063/1.4972038 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EH3PZ UT WOS:000391685500005 ER PT J AU Chang, C Li, H Ku, CT Yang, SG Cheng, HH Hendrickson, J Soref, RA Sun, G AF Chang, Chiao Li, Hui Ku, Chien-Te Yang, Shih-Guo Cheng, Hung Hsiang Hendrickson, Joshua Soref, Richard A. Sun, Greg TI Ge0.975Sn0.025 320 x 256 imager chip for 1.6-1.9 mu m infrared vision SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON AB We report the experimental fabrication and testing of a GeSn-based 320 x 256 image sensor focal plane array operating at -15 degrees C in the 1.6-1.9 mu m spectral range. For image readout, the 2D pixel array of Ge/GeSn/Ge p-i-n heterophotodiodes was flip-chip bonded to a customized silicon CMOS readout integrated circuit. The resulting camera chip was operated using back-side illumination. Successful imaging of a tungsten-filament light bulb was attained with observation of gray-scale "hot spot" infrared features not seen using a visible-light camera. The Ge wafer used in the present imaging array will be replaced in future tests by a germanium-on-silicon wafer offering thin-film Ge upon Si or on SiO2/Si. This is expected to increase the infrared responsivity obtained in back-side illumination, and it will allow an imager in a Si-based foundry to be manufactured. Our experiments are a significant step toward the realization of group IV near-mid-infrared imaging systems, such as those for night vision. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Chang, Chiao; Li, Hui; Cheng, Hung Hsiang] Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Chang, Chiao; Li, Hui; Cheng, Hung Hsiang] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Elect Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Ku, Chien-Te; Yang, Shih-Guo] Chung Shan Inst Sci & Technol, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan. [Hendrickson, Joshua] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Soref, Richard A.; Sun, Greg] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Engn, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan.; Cheng, HH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Elect Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM hhcheng@ntu.edu.tw RI 李, 輝/B-1694-2016 FU Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST) [104-2112-M-002-010-MY3]; U.S. Army [FA5209-14-P-0104]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR 15RYCOR159] FX Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST) (104-2112-M-002-010-MY3); U.S. Army (FA5209-14-P-0104); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (LRIR 15RYCOR159). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD DEC 20 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 36 BP 10170 EP 10173 DI 10.1364/AO.55.010170 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EG7JR UT WOS:000391223900004 PM 28059259 ER PT J AU Ding, HJ Yan, JJ Wang, ZY Xie, GJ Mahoney, C Ferebee, R Zhong, MJ Daniel, WFM Pietrasik, J Sheiko, SS Bettinger, CJ Bockstaller, MR Matyjaszewski, K AF Ding, Hangjun Yan, Jiajun Wang, Zongyu Xie, Guojun Mahoney, Clare Ferebee, Rachel Zhong, Mingjiang Daniel, William F. M. Pietrasik, Joanna Sheiko, Sergei S. Bettinger, Christopher J. Bockstaller, Michael R. Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof TI Preparation of ZnO hybrid nanoparticles by ATRP SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE ZnO nanoparticle; SI-ATRP; Polymer templates; Star templates ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; MIKTOARM STAR COPOLYMERS; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; SOLAR-CELLS; BRUSHES; NANOTUBES; NANOWIRES AB Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material that has attracted widespread interest as particle filler in polymer nanocomposite materials. However, its applications have been hindered by the limited dispersibility and surface-modification techniques. Herein, three distinct approaches for the synthesis of polymer-tethered ZnO hybrid materials are compared in terms of uniformity and yield of the particle-brush product: "grafting-from", "grafting-onto", and "grafted-copolymer template" methods. In the "grafting-from" method, pristine ZnO nanoparticles (NP) were first functionalized with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiators followed by grafting-from process to form poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN) tethered polymer chains. In the "grafting-on-to" method, PMMA-b-PAA (polyacrylic acid I) and PSAN-b-PAA diblock copolymers were prepared and attached onto the surface of ZnO NPs using sonication bath. For the "grafted-copolymer template" method, PSAN-b-PtBA-Br (poly[tert-butyl acrylate]-Br) macroinitiators were crosslinked with divinylbenzene (DVB) to form PSAN-b-PtBA-PDVB core-shell star polymers. After hydrolysis to form PSAN-b-PAA-PDVB star polymers, the functional stars were used as polymer templates for the synthesis of ZnO NPs within the PAA-core of the stars. Core-shell molecular bottlebrushes with PAA-b-PS block-copolymer side chains were also used as anisotropic analogues of star template to prepared worm-like ZnO particles. Several ZnO precursors, zinc nitrite, zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, and zinc acetate were evaluated as precursors of ZnO. Conditions were identified that enable the synthesis of polymer-tethered ZnO with excellent size uniformity and dispersion characteristics using the star-template method. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Hangjun; Yan, Jiajun; Wang, Zongyu; Xie, Guojun; Zhong, Mingjiang; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Mahoney, Clare; Ferebee, Rachel; Bettinger, Christopher J.; Bockstaller, Michael R.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Daniel, William F. M.; Sheiko, Sergei S.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Pietrasik, Joanna] Lodz Univ Technol, Inst Polymer & Dye Technol, Stefanowskiego 12-16, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. [Mahoney, Clare] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2941 Hobson Way,B654-R331, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ferebee, Rachel] LOreal, 159 Terminal Ave, Clark, NJ 07066 USA. [Zhong, Mingjiang] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, 17 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Matyjaszewski, K (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.; Bettinger, CJ; Bockstaller, MR (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM cbetting@andrew.cmu.edu; bockstaller@cmu.edu; km3b@andrew.cmu.edu RI Bockstaller, Michael/A-9124-2011; OI Bockstaller, Michael/0000-0001-9046-9539; Yan, Jiajun/0000-0003-3286-3268; Xie, Guojun/0000-0001-7020-1076 FU National Science Foundation [DMR 1501324, DMR 1436219]; DOE [EE 0006702]; National Science Center, Poland [2014/14/A/ST5/0020]; Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC51273022] FX Funding provided by the following organizations: the National Science Foundation (DMR 1501324, DMR 1436219); DOE (EE 0006702); the National Science Center, Poland (2014/14/A/ST5/0020); the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC51273022). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD DEC 19 PY 2016 VL 107 BP 492 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.022 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA EE7AF UT WOS:000389765500054 ER PT J AU Rumi, M White, TJ Bunning, TJ AF Rumi, Mariacristina White, Timothy J. Bunning, Timothy J. TI Phototropic Guest-Host Liquid Crystal Systems: Environmental Effects on Naphthopyran Kinetics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ISOTHERMAL PHASE-TRANSITION; MECHANISTIC PROBES; THERMAL-ISOMERIZATION; PHOTOCHROMIC REACTION; SOLVENTS; AZOBENZENES; BEHAVIOR; 2,2-DIPHENYL-5,6-BENZO(2H)CHROMENE; PHOTOISOMERIZATION; PHOTOPHYSICS AB Photoinduced isothermal and order-increasing phase transitions can be observed in guest-host liquid crystal mixtures containing naphthopyran derivatives. The changes are attributed to the different geometry and a less energetically favorable interaction with the liquid crystal molecules for the ground state naphthopyran species with respect to the photoproduct. In this study, we have investigated the thermal relaxation of the naphthopyran photoproduct back to the initial species as a function of temperature and excitation conditions. It was found that the thermal relaxation is typically first-order and its characteristic rate has a temperature dependence that is different in the anisotropic and isotropic states of the mesogenic solvents. In particular, the activation energy for thermal relaxation is larger in the ordered phases of mesogenic solvents relative to their isotropic phase. The findings suggests that the naphthopyran relaxation is hindered by the organization of the host environment. These results will be useful to build a more complete understanding of the mutual guest host interactions in naphthopyran-containing guest-host LC systems. C1 [Rumi, Mariacristina; White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rumi, Mariacristina] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. RP White, TJ; Bunning, TJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM timothy.white.24@us.af.mil; timothy.bunning@us.af.mil RI Rumi, Mariacristina/C-9474-2009 OI Rumi, Mariacristina/0000-0002-4597-9617 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. We gratefully acknowledge Tamas Kosa, Ludmila Sukhomlinova, and Bahman Taheri of Alpha Micron Inc. (1950 State Rt. 59, Kent, OH 44240) for providing compound G1 and for useful discussions. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 49 BP 12755 EP 12767 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10053 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EF1GB UT WOS:000390072200033 PM 27973842 ER PT J AU Park, K Hsiao, MS Koerner, H Jawaid, A Che, J Vaia, RA AF Park, Kyoungweon Hsiao, Ming-Siao Koerner, Hilmar Jawaid, Ali Che, Justin Vaia, Richard A. TI Optimizing Seed Aging for Single Crystal Gold Nanorod Growth: The Critical Role of Gold Nanocluster Crystal Structure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HIGH-YIELD; SCALE SYNTHESIS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; MECHANISM; CLUSTERS; SILVER; TETRAHEDRA; NUCLEATION AB Controlled synthesis of single crystal gold nanorods (Au NRs) with desired dimensions, narrow polydispersity, and minimal byproducts depends critically on the state of the seed solution. Herein, we clarify the growth of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide stabilized Au seeds and their impact on conventional seed-mediated growth of Au NRs. UV vis spectroscopy, TEM microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering reveal that during aging of the seed solution, constituents evolve from solubilized Au-salt precursors (Au[III]) to Au nanoclusters (Au-n) to multitwinned Au nanocrystals. The most consistent single crystal Au NR growth, with minimal byproducts, occurs when the seed solution contains the maximum concentration of small (<1 nm) nanoclusters (n < 55, 1 min < t(age) < 10 min at T = 25 degrees C). This point can be identified spectroscopically between 300 and 480 nm. Additionally, the optimal clusters coincide approximately with a relative shift in structural equilibrium of closed-shell Au nanoclusters from predominately cuboctahedral to icosahedral. Geometrically, a cuboctahedral cluster can evolve into a single crystal fcc lattice, whereas an icosahedral cluster must adopt a twinned structure upon growth. This shift is consistent with the increased number fraction of polycrystalline byproducts (e.g., twinned spherical particles and rods) if the seeds are aged beyond this point. Therefore, these observations suggest that the unique structural properties of Au-n nanoclusters are paramount to the initial formation of single crystal seeds and their subsequent anisotropic growth. C1 [Park, Kyoungweon; Hsiao, Ming-Siao; Koerner, Hilmar; Jawaid, Ali; Che, Justin; Vaia, Richard A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Park, Kyoungweon; Hsiao, Ming-Siao; Jawaid, Ali] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Richard.vaia@us.af.mil OI Hsiao, Ming-siao/0000-0001-9319-653X FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate FX The authors extend their appreciation to Dr. Alexander Hexemer and Dr. Eric Schaible for guidance, setup, and data collection at beamline 7.3.3 at Advanced Light Source/Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory. The authors are also grateful to Professor Emilie Ringe at Rice University for fruitful discussions about the crystal structure of nanoclusters and to Michael Kuhn for the help in schematic illustration. The research was graciously supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 31 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 49 BP 28235 EP 28245 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08509 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EF1GA UT WOS:000390072100055 ER PT J AU Whitlow, T Jones, E Przybyla, C AF Whitlow, Travis Jones, Eric Przybyla, Craig TI In-situ damage monitoring of a SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite using acoustic emission and digital image correlation SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR; FAILURE MECHANISMS; CRACKING; ACCUMULATION; ENERGY AB Continuous ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) offer an innovative damage tolerant structural material for temperature regimes inaccessible to high temperature metals. However, when subjected to application environments, these materials exhibit damage and degrade over time depending on the severity of those conditions. The ultimate strength of CMCs is dictated by the properties of the load bearing fibers, but matrix cracking weakens the composite and can expose the load bearing fibers to harsh environments. The objective of the work performed was to develop a methodology for linking in situ detection of localized damage to final failure in continuous fiber reinforced CMCs. Initiation and growth of matrix cracking are measured and located linearly along the gage length via acoustic emission (AE) detection. High amplitude events at relatively low static loads can be associated with initiation of large matrix cracks. When there is a localization of high amplitude events in a given area, a measurable effect on the strain field can be observed. Full field surface strain measurements were obtained using digital image correlation (DIC). An estimation of the matrix cracking stress as well as localized areas of initiation were measured in real time. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Whitlow, Travis] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Jones, Eric; Przybyla, Craig] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Whitlow, T (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM travis.whitlow@udri.udayton.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [14RX06COR] FX This work was funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, task # 14RX06COR with Dr. David Stargel as the program manager. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 27 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 EI 1879-1085 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD DEC 15 PY 2016 VL 158 BP 245 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.09.040 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA EA6SC UT WOS:000386758200024 ER PT J AU Wang, ZY Mahoney, C Yan, JJ Lu, Z Ferebee, R Luo, DL Bockstaller, MR Matyjaszewski, K AF Wang, Zongyu Mahoney, Clare Yan, Jiajun Lu, Zhao Ferebee, Rachel Luo, Danli Bockstaller, Michael R. Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof TI Preparation of Well-Defined Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/ZnO Hybrid Nanoparticles by an Efficient Ligand Exchange Strategy SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; ZNO NANOPARTICLES; NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; GRAFT MODIFICATION; BRUSHES; WATER; ATRP; TRANSPARENT AB Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN)-capped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a "ligand exchange" method. First, octylamine (OA)-capped ZnO NPs were prepared by reaction of OA and zinc 2-ethylhexanoate (Zn(EH)(2)). Then PSAN polymer ligands were synthesized by activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and were efficiently exchanged with OA ligands on the ZnO particle surface benefiting from the relatively low boiling point of OA (175 degrees C). The morphology, content of ZnO, and grafting density of the nanocomposite were well controlled by altering the ratio between OA and polymer ligands as well as the molecular weight of PSAN-NH2 used in the exchange reaction. The resulting ZnO/polymer nanocomposites were stable in THE with narrow size distributions and varying grafting densities from 0.9 to 2.5 nm(-2). With excess amount of polymer ligands, individual dispersed ZnO NPs were observed. However, with a limited amount of ligands, NPs clusters were formed, as confirmed by TEM and DLS. C1 [Wang, Zongyu; Yan, Jiajun; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Mahoney, Clare; Lu, Zhao; Ferebee, Rachel; Luo, Danli; Bockstaller, Michael R.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Mahoney, Clare] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2941 Hobson Way,B654-R331, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ferebee, Rachel] LOreal, 159 Terminal Ave, Clark, NJ 07066 USA. RP Matyjaszewski, K (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.; Bockstaller, MR (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM bockstaller@cmu.edu; km3b@andrew.cmu.edu RI Bockstaller, Michael/A-9124-2011; OI Bockstaller, Michael/0000-0001-9046-9539; Yan, Jiajun/0000-0003-3286-3268 FU NSF [DMR 1501324]; Department of Energy [DE-EE0006702]; National Science Center [UMO-2014/14/A/ST5/00204] FX This work was supported by NSF (DMR 1501324), the Department of Energy (DE-EE0006702), and National Science Center (grant UMO-2014/14/A/ST5/00204). NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD DEC 13 PY 2016 VL 32 IS 49 BP 13207 EP 13213 DI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03827 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA EE8HM UT WOS:000389866300028 PM 27951696 ER PT J AU Pax, PH Khitrov, VV Drachenberg, DR Allen, GS Ward, B Dubinskii, M Messerly, MJ Dawson, JW AF Pax, Paul H. Khitrov, Victor V. Drachenberg, Derrek R. Allen, Graham S. Ward, Benjamin Dubinskii, Mark Messerly, Michael J. Dawson, Jay W. TI Scalable waveguide design for three-level operation in Neodymium doped fiber laser SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC BANDGAP FIBERS; LARGE-MODE-AREA; HYBRID MICROSTRUCTURED FIBER; HOLLOW-CORE FIBERS; SINGLE-MODE; CRYSTAL FIBERS; ND; NM; AMPLIFICATION; POWER AB We have constructed a double clad neodymium doped fiber laser operating on the three-level F-4(3/2)-> I-4(9/2) transition. The laser has produced 11.5 W at 925 nm with 55% slope efficiency when pumped at 808 nm, comparable to the best previous results for a double-clad fiber configuration on this transition. Higher power pumping with both 808 nm and 880 nm sources resulted in an output of 27 W, albeit at lower slope efficiency. In both cases, output power was limited by available pump, indicating the potential for further power scaling. To suppress the stronger four-level 4F(3/2)-> I-4(11/2) transition we developed a waveguide that provides spectral filtering distributed along the length of the fiber, based on an all-solid micro-structured optical fiber design, with resonant inclusions creating a leakage path to the cladding. The waveguide supports large mode areas and provides strong suppression at selectable wavelength bands, thus easing the restrictions on core and cladding sizes that limited power scaling of previous approaches. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Pax, Paul H.; Khitrov, Victor V.; Drachenberg, Derrek R.; Allen, Graham S.; Messerly, Michael J.; Dawson, Jay W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ward, Benjamin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, 2354 Fairchild Dr Ste 2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Dubinskii, Mark] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pax, PH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM pax2@llnl.gov FU Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant [14-ERD-078] FX This work was funded by Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant (14-ERD-078). NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 12 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 25 BP 28633 EP 28647 DI 10.1364/OE.24.028633 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA EE6ZJ UT WOS:000389763000044 PM 27958507 ER PT J AU Paxman, RG Rogne, TJ Sickmiller, BA LeMaster, DA Miller, JJ Vollweiler, CG AF Paxman, Richard G. Rogne, Timothy J. Sickmiller, Brett A. LeMaster, Daniel A. Miller, Jason J. Vollweiler, Candice G. TI Spatial stabilization of deep-turbulence-induced anisoplanatic blur SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID MULTIFRAME BLIND DECONVOLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; IMAGE-RESTORATION; PHASE-DIVERSITY; SPECKLE; SUPERRESOLUTION; PERFORMANCE; ABERRATIONS AB We explore the feasibility of post-detection restoration when imaging through deep turbulence characterized by extreme anisoplanatism. A wave-optics code was used to simulate relevant short-exposure point spread functions (PSFs) and their decorrelation as a function of point-source separation was computed. In addition, short-exposure images of minimally extended objects were simulated and shown to retain a central lobe that is clearly narrower than the long-exposure counterpart. This suggests that short-exposure image data are more informative than long-exposure data, even in the presence of extreme anisoplanatism. The implications of these findings for image restoration from a sequence of short-exposure images are discussed. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Paxman, Richard G.; Miller, Jason J.] MDA Informat Syst, POB 990, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. [Rogne, Timothy J.; Vollweiler, Candice G.] SRI Int, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Sickmiller, Brett A.] Leidos, 2109 Air Pk Rd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [LeMaster, Daniel A.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Paxman, RG (reprint author), MDA Informat Syst, POB 990, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. EM rick.paxman@mdaus.com FU Air Force Research Laboratory/Sensors Directorate (AFRL/RY) [FA8650-12-D-1344] FX Air Force Research Laboratory/Sensors Directorate (AFRL/RY) (FA8650-12-D-1344). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 12 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 25 BP 29110 EP 29126 DI 10.1364/OE.24.029109 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA EE6ZJ UT WOS:000389763000088 PM 27958574 ER PT J AU Skandani, AA Chatterjee, S Smith, ML Baranski, J Wang, DH Tan, LS White, TJ Shankar, MR AF Skandani, Amir Alipour Chatterjee, Sourav Smith, Matthew L. Baranski, John Wang, David H. Tan, Loon-Seng White, Timothy J. Shankar, M. Ravi TI Discrete-state photomechanical actuators SO EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AZOBENZENE; LIGHT; NETWORKS; POLYMERS; FILMS AB Directly transducing light into work is attractive for remotely powering soft mechanisms designed from photoresponsive polymers, but presents challenges for achieving reliable actuation within a control framework. Here, we utilize azobenzene-functionalized polyimides to fabricate actuators characterized by mechanically discrete states. Irradiation initiates the photochemically induced, quasistatic deformation to advance the actuator to the edge of instability. Following this latency, ultrafast snap through actuation (similar to 10 ms-scale) ensues. Restricting the role of control to the attainment of the edge of instability, strategies for achieving repetitive actuation via multiplexed irradiation are demonstrated. Approaches are examined for modulating the latency of the actuator using an all-optical strategy as well as mechanical design of the actuator. Prototypical assemblies of these actuators in arrays are used to fabricate morphable surfaces and structures, which is aided by the realization that the ultrafast actuation is characterized by a high power-density on the order of similar to kW/m(3). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Skandani, Amir Alipour; Chatterjee, Sourav; Shankar, M. Ravi] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Ind Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Smith, Matthew L.; Baranski, John] Hope Coll, Dept Engn, Holland, MI 49423 USA. [Wang, David H.] UES Inc, Biol & Nanoscale Technol Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Tan, Loon-Seng; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Shankar, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Ind Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM timothy.white.24@us.af.mil; ravishm@pitt.edu FU Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Office of Scientific Research of the Air Force Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [1435489] FX D.H.W., L.-S.T., A.A.S, S.C. M.L.S., J.B., M.R.S. and T.J.W. acknowledge the support of the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate and Office of Scientific Research of the Air Force Research Laboratory. M.R.S. also acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (grant #1435489). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-4316 J9 EXTREME MECH LETT JI EXTREME MECH. LETT. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 9 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.eml.2016.05.002 PN 1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EM4BW UT WOS:000395259300006 ER PT J AU Greenewald, K Zelnio, E Hero, A AF Greenewald, Kristjan Zelnio, Edmund Hero, Alfred, III TI Robust SAR STAP via Kronecker Decomposition SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; REDUCED-RANK; EXPLOITING PERSYMMETRY; MOVING TARGETS; WIENER FILTER; MATRIX; APPROXIMATION; CLUTTER; REPRESENTATION; CONVERGENCE AB This paper proposes a spatiotemporal decomposition for the detection of moving targets in multi-antenna synthetic aperture radar (SAR). As a high-resolution radar imaging modality, SAR detects and localizes nonmoving targets accurately, giving it an advantage over lower-resolution ground-moving target indication (GMTI) radars. Moving target detection is more challenging due to target smearing and masking by clutter. Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) is often used to remove the stationary clutter and enhance the moving targets. In this work, it is shown that the performance of STAP can be improved by modeling the clutter covariance as a space versus time Kronecker product with low-rank factors. Based on this model, a low-rank Kronecker product covariance estimation algorithm is proposed, and a novel separable clutter cancelation filter based on the Kronecker covariance estimate is introduced. The proposed method provides orders of magnitude reduction in the required number of training samples as well as improved robustness to corruption of the training data. Simulation results and experiments using the Gotcha SAR GMTI challenge dataset are presented that confirm the advantages of our approach relative to existing techniques. C1 [Greenewald, Kristjan; Zelnio, Edmund; Hero, Alfred, III] Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 1301 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zelnio, Edmund] Air Force Res Lab, Automat Target Recognit Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Hero, Alfred, III] Univ Michigan, Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hero, Alfred, III] Univ Michigan, Michigan Inst Data Sci MIDAS, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Greenewald, K (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 1301 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM greenewk@umich.edu FU Dept. of Air Force [FA8650-15-D-1845]; AFOSR [FA8650-07-D-1220-0006]; ARO MURI grant [W911NF-11-1-0391] FX This research was partially supported by the Dept. of Air Force grant FA8650-15-D-1845, AFOSR grant FA8650-07-D-1220-0006, and ARO MURI grant W911NF-11-1-0391. Approved for public release, PA Approval # 88ABW-2014-6099. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 BP 2612 EP 2625 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.150712 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EN1XV UT WOS:000395804700001 ER PT J AU Venable, DT Raquet, JF AF Venable, Donald T. Raquet, John F. TI Large Scale Image Aided Navigation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Currently, most airborne platforms use an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to provide estimates of aircraft position, velocity, and attitude. Errors in the IMU result in a position solution that drifts over time. In order to counteract IMU drift, platforms typically integrate measurements from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). However, many military and civilian scenarios encounter situations where GNSS may be unavailable due to intentional jamming, or when operating in challenging environments. Many solutions have been proposed that use images from an airborne camera to match features against a reference image to compute global position. These techniques require a relatively accurate prior estimate of position to converge. This leads to a situation where platforms being denied GNSS pass a threshold of position error due to IMU drift, from which current image-aided navigation system cannot recover. This paper presents a novel localization algorithm inspired by fusing state of the art Content Based Image Retrieval techniques with nonparametric Bayesian estimation strategies. We outline the framework for performing a search of a large-scale image database in order to provide a rough position estimate to an airborne platform. These techniques are analogous to solving the "kidnapped-robot" problem, applied to airborne platforms. This framework is evaluated using actual data collected from an airborne camera and navigation system. C1 [Venable, Donald T.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Cir, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Raquet, John F.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, AFIT ENG, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Venable, DT (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Cir, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM donald.venable@us.af.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 BP 2849 EP 2860 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.150603 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EN1XV UT WOS:000395804700018 ER PT J AU Harshman, SW Mani, N Geier, BA Kwak, J Shepard, P Fan, M Sudberry, GL Mayes, RS Ott, DK Martin, JA Grigsby, CC AF Harshman, Sean W. Mani, Nilan Geier, Brian A. Kwak, Jae Shepard, Phillip Fan, Maomian Sudberry, Gregory L. Mayes, Ryan S. Ott, Darrin K. Martin, Jennifer A. Grigsby, Claude C. TI Storage stability of exhaled breath on Tenax TA SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tenax TA; thermal desorption; exhaled breath; GC-MS; stability ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HUMAN METABOLOME DATABASE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; BREAKTHROUGH MEASUREMENTS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; SAMPLING BAGS; AIR AB Exhaled breath is coming to the forefront of non-invasive biomarker discovery efforts. Concentration of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on thermal desorption (TD) tubes with subsequent analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has dominated this field. As discovery experimentation increases in frequency, the need to evaluate the long-term storage stability of exhaled breath VOCs on thermal desorption adsorbent material is critical. To address this gap, exhaled breath was loaded on Tenax TA thermal desorption tubes and stored at various temperature conditions. 74 VOCs, 56 of which have been previously uncharacterized, were monitored using GC-MS over a period of 31 d. The results suggest that storage of exhaled breath at cold temperatures (4 degrees C) provides the most consistent retention of exhaled breath VOCs temporally. Samples were determined to be stable up to 14 d across storage conditions prior to gaining or losing 1-2 standard deviations in abundance. Through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), certain chemical classes were found to be positively (acids) or negatively (sulfur-containing) enriched temporally. By means of field sample collections, the effect of storage and shipping was found to be similar to those studies preformed in the laboratory at 4 degrees C. Collectively this study not only provides recommendations for proper storage conditions and storage length, but also illustrates the use of GSEA to exhaled breath based GC-MS data. C1 [Harshman, Sean W.; Geier, Brian A.; Kwak, Jae; Shepard, Phillip] US Air Force, UES Inc, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing RHXB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mani, Nilan; Fan, Maomian; Martin, Jennifer A.; Grigsby, Claude C.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Sudberry, Gregory L.] US Air Force, Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing RHXBC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mayes, Ryan S.; Ott, Darrin K.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Harshman, SW (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Human Biosignatures Branch, 711th Human Performance Wing,2510 Fifth St,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM sean.harshman.ctr@us.af.mil FU UES Inc. under United States Air Force [FA8650-14-D-6516] FX Support for this work was provided by a subcontract from UES Inc. (FA8650-14-D-6516) under United States Air Force. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 EI 1752-7163 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 AR 046008 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/046008 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA EK1EO UT WOS:000393668800002 PM 27732570 ER PT J AU Carrese, PO AF Carrese, Paul O. TI Family and the Politics of Moderation: Private Life, Public Goods, and the Rebirth of Social Individualism SO PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Carrese, Paul O.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Carrese, PO (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1537-5927 EI 1541-0986 J9 PERSPECT POLIT JI Perspect. Polit. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1195 EP 1197 DI 10.1017/S1537592716003492 PG 4 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA EJ4EA UT WOS:000393168000064 ER PT J AU Noble, CW Bono, JM Pigage, HK Hale, DW Pigage, JC AF Noble, Cortney W. Bono, Jeremy M. Pigage, Helen K. Hale, David W. Pigage, Jon C. TI FINE-SCALE GENETIC STRUCTURE IN FEMALE MULE DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS) SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; POPULATION-GENETICS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; GENOTYPING ERRORS; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; SOCIAL-STRUCTURE; HOME-RANGE; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS AB Fine-scale genetic structure in animal populations can have important consequences for evolutionary processes and can influence conservation and management decisions. Cervids often live in matrilineal social groups, and this spatial grouping can create fine-scale genetic structure among females. We used DNA and radio-location data at Fort Carson Military Reservation in south central Colorado, USA, to determine whether female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) living in close proximity were more likely to be related. Spatial data were obtained over an 18-month period using data transmitted from GPS collars. Average positions for each animal were correlated with relatedness estimates calculated using 7 microsatellite loci. We found significant spatial autocorrelation for females at distances <= 1000 m, which suggests that females were frequently philopatric. In addition, females appeared to occasionally disperse over relatively longer distances, as we found evidence of related females separated by distances up to 28,000 m. Fine-scale genetic structure may have important implications for managing chronic wasting disease, which is relatively common at this site. C1 [Noble, Cortney W.; Bono, Jeremy M.; Pigage, Helen K.; Pigage, Jon C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA. [Noble, Cortney W.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 4255 Sinton Rd, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. [Hale, David W.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Biol, HQ USAFA DFB, 2355 Fac Dr,Suite 2P389, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Pigage, JC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA. EM jpigage@uccs.edu FU U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity [W81XWH-09-2-0111] FX This research was supported by a grant (W81XWH-09-2-0111) from the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity. The views presented in this work are those of the authors and do not represent the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or any of its subsidiaries. No mention of commercial products or services should be interpreted as an endorsement by the Department of Defense or any of its subsidiaries. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2016 VL 76 IS 4 BP 417 EP 426 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EL0KX UT WOS:000394312400003 ER PT J AU Van Arnem, KA Supinski, DP Tucker, JE Varney, S AF Van Arnem, Kerri A. Supinski, David P., Jr. Tucker, Jonathan E. Varney, Shawn TI Cumulative effective radiation dose received by blunt trauma patients arriving to a military level I trauma center from point of injury and interhospital transfers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; EXPOSURE; REPEAT; TRENDS AB Background: Trauma patients sustaining blunt injuries are exposed to multiple radiologic studies. Evidence indicates that the risk of cancer from exposure to ionizing radiation rises in direct proportion to the cumulative effective dose (CED) received. The purpose of this study is to quantify the amount of ionizing radiation accumulated when arriving directly from point of injury to San Antonio Military Medical Center (SAMMC), a level I trauma center, compared with those transferred from other facilities. Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted from 1st January 2010 through 31st December 2012. The SAMMC trauma registry, electronic medical records, and the digital radiology imaging system were searched for possible candidates. The medical records were then analyzed for sex, age, mechanism of injury, received directly from point of injury (direct group), transfer from another medical facility (transfer group), computed tomographic scans received, dose-length product, CED of radiation, and injury severity score. A diagnostic imaging physicist then calculated the estimated CED each subject received based on the dose-length product of each computed tomographic scan. Results: A total of 300 patients were analyzed, with 150 patients in the direct group and 150 patients in the transfer group. Both groups were similar in age and sex. Patients in the transfer group received a significantly greater CED of radiation compared with the direct group (mean, 37.6 mSv vs 28 mSv; P=.001). The radiation received in the direct group correlates with a lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of 1 in 357 compared with the transfer group with an increase in LAR to 1 in 266. Conclusion: Patients transferred to our facility received a 34% increase in ionizing radiation compared with patients brought directly from the injury scene. This increased dose of ionizing radiation contributes to the LAR of cancer and needs to be considered before repeating imaging studies. Level of Evidence: III. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Van Arnem, Kerri A.] US Army, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Supinski, David P., Jr.] US Air Force, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Tucker, Jonathan E.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Varney, Shawn] USUHS, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Van Arnem, KA (reprint author), 10925 Bradbury Way, Peyton, CO 80831 USA. EM kerri.a.vanarnem.mil@mail.mil; david.supinski@us.af.mil; jonathan.e.tucker.civ@mail.mil; smvarney@gmail.com NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 EI 1532-8171 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2397 EP 2401 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.09.018 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA EJ2OO UT WOS:000393050100025 PM 27727069 ER PT J AU Zheng, LH Chan, AA O'Brien, TP Tu, W Cunningham, GS Albert, JM Elkington, SR AF Zheng, Liheng Chan, A. A. O'Brien, T. P. Tu, W. Cunningham, G. S. Albert, J. M. Elkington, S. R. TI Effects of magnetic drift shell splitting on electron diffusion in the radiation belts SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PITCH-ANGLE SCATTERING; VAN ALLEN PROBES; VANALLEN RADIATION; SEED POPULATION; CHORUS WAVES; MAGNETOSPHERE; FIELD; PRECIPITATION; MOTION; EVENT AB Drift shell splitting in the presence of pitch angle scattering breaks all three adiabatic invariants of radiation belt electron motion and produces new diffusion terms that fully populate the diffusion tensor in the Fokker-Planck equation. The Radbelt Electron Model (REM) solves such a Fokker-Planck equation and is used to investigate the phase space density sources. Our simulation results and theoretical arguments suggest that drift shell splitting changes the phase space location of the source to smaller L shells, which typically reduces outer zone phase space density enhancements, and this reduction has a limit corresponding to two-dimensional local diffusion on a curved surface in the phase space. C1 [Zheng, Liheng; Chan, A. A.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX USA. [Zheng, Liheng] Univ Texas Dallas, William B Hanson Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [O'Brien, T. P.] Aerosp Corp, Dept Space Sci, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Tu, W.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV USA. [Cunningham, G. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Albert, J. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Elkington, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Zheng, LH (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX USA.; Zheng, LH (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, William B Hanson Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. EM zhengliheng@gmail.com FU NASA Heliophysics Supporting Research (H-SR) Program [NNX15AI93G]; NASA Geospace Science Program [NNX10AL02G]; NASA Heliophysics Theory Program [NNX11AJ38G]; NASA's Living With a Star Program through a Heliophysics Guest Investigator [NNX10AQ51G]; NASA's Living With a Star Program through theory and modeling - Van Allen Probes Mission's Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (ECT) investigation; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; NSF [AGS-1613081]; NASA [NNX15AW06G] FX This material is based upon work supported by the NASA Heliophysics Supporting Research (H-SR) Program under grant NNX15AI93G, the NASA Geospace Science Program under grant NNX10AL02G, the NASA Heliophysics Theory Program under grant NNX11AJ38G, NASA's Living With a Star Program through a Heliophysics Guest Investigator under grant NNX10AQ51G and through theory and modeling funding from the Van Allen Probes Mission's Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (ECT) investigation, and by the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program. Van Allen Probes electron flux data used in this paper are taken from Tu et al. [2014]. The work by W. Tu was supported by NSF grant AGS-1613081 and NASA grant NNX15AW06G. We also acknowledge the PI and instrument team of the NOAA/POES SEM-2 instrument for providing data to the LANL coauthors. The drift shell splitting chorus wave diffusion coefficients can be obtained by contacting T.P. O'Brien at paul.obrien@aero.org. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 11985 EP 12000 DI 10.1002/2016JA023438 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ4JQ UT WOS:000393183300026 ER PT J AU Koda, EK Niemtzow, RC AF Koda, Erik K. Niemtzow, Richard C. TI Refractory Hypertension Controlled with the Niemtzow Dry Mouth Acupuncture Protocol SO MEDICAL ACUPUNCTURE LA English DT Article DE Hypertension; Dry Mouth Acupuncture Protocol; Traditional Chinese Medicine AB Background: Acupuncture for treating hypertension is clearly not in the mainstream of allopathic medicine. Even literature about acupuncture energetics, neuroanatomical acupuncture, and western medical acupuncture do not mention treatment of hypertension. The aim of this article is to describe a potentially new treatment for refractory hypertension. Case: A 48-year-old woman with severe hypertension refractory to 6 allopathic medications. She also had dry mouth, for which she had sought treatment. The Niemtzow acupuncture protocol for dry mouth was applied to treat that condition. Results: The patient had repeated normal blood pressure readings after using the Niemtzow dry mouth acupuncture protocol to treat her dry mouth. Conclusions: The Niemtzow dry mouth acupuncture protocol needs further research to determine its value as a hypertension treatment modality. C1 [Koda, Erik K.] Neighborhood Healthcare, Dept Family Med, Temecula, CA 92590 USA. [Niemtzow, Richard C.] US Air Force, Acupuncture & Integrat Med Ctr, Med Grp 89, Joint Base Andrews, MD USA. RP Koda, EK (reprint author), Neighborhood Healthcare, Dept Family Med, Temecula, CA 92590 USA. EM k10ace1@yahoo.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1933-6586 EI 1933-6594 J9 MED ACUPUNCT JI Med. Acupunct. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 28 IS 6 SI SI BP 359 EP 362 DI 10.1089/acu.2016.1208 PG 4 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA EJ4BI UT WOS:000393160500011 ER PT J AU Kuang, ZF Kim, SS Ngo, YH McAlpine, MC Farmer, BL Naik, RR AF Kuang, Zhifeng Kim, Steve S. Ngo, Yen H. McAlpine, Michael C. Farmer, Barry L. Naik, Rajesh R. TI Peptide interactions with zigzag edges in graphene SO Biointerphases LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FREE-ENERGY; ADSORPTION; PROTEIN; FORCE; GRAPHITE; SURFACE; FUNCTIONALIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; INTERFACE AB Recognition and manipulation of graphene edges enable the control of physical properties of graphene-based devices. Recently, the authors have identified a peptide that preferentially binds to graphene edges from a combinatorial peptide library. In this study, the authors examine the functional basis for the edge binding peptide using experimental and computational methods. The effect of amino acid substitution, sequence context, and solution pH value on the binding of the peptide to graphene has been investigated. The N-terminus glutamic acid residue plays a key role in recognizing and binding to graphene edges. The protonation, substitution, and positional context of the glutamic acid residue impact graphene edge-binding. Our findings provide insights into the binding mechanisms and the design of peptides for recognizing and functionalizing graphene edges. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Kuang, Zhifeng; Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kim, Steve S.; Ngo, Yen H.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Human Performance Wing 711, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [McAlpine, Michael C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Human Performance Wing 711, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Rajesh.Naik@us.af.mil FU AFOSR; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0367] FX The authors thank J. C. Gumbart and T. R. Walsh for providing valuable technical comments. The authors are also thankful to Rajiv Berry and Frank Duan for the DoD supercomputer support. This work was funded by AFOSR (R.R.N.). M.C.M. also acknowledges the support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (No. FA9550-12-1-0367). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1934-8630 EI 1559-4106 J9 BIOINTERPHASES JI Biointerphases PD DEC PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 AR 041003 DI 10.1116/1.4966266 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biophysics; Materials Science GA EI8JL UT WOS:000392752400021 ER PT J AU Wan, H Patnaik, SS AF Wan, Hui Patnaik, Soumya S. TI Suppression of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder using thermal effects SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; REYNOLDS-NUMBER; ACTIVE CONTROL; HEAT-TRANSFER; LOW-MASS; WAKE; INTERFERENCE; BUOYANCY; TANDEM AB Transverse vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a cylinder with various body-to-fluid density ratio and stiffness is studied. The cylinder is elastically mounted and heated, and the flow direction is aligned with the direction of the thermal induced buoyancy force. Amplitude of VIV can be reduced as the thermal control parameter Richardson number (Ri) increases, or even be fully suppressed when Ri is above a critical value. This critical Richardson number depends on both body-to-fluid density and structural stiffness. A higher critical Richardson is required to fully suppress the VIV of a structure with smaller density ratio. With the same density or mass, a structure with intermediate stiffness vibrating in lock-in regime needs higher critical Ri to suppress VIV than either rigid or flexible structures. Drag experienced by the body is also studied. It is found that for a flexible body, drag gradually increases with the Richardson number. For a body with intermediate stiffness, both drag and amplitude of VIV can be reduced until the Richardson number reaches the critical value, after which drag builds up if the Richardson number is further increased. A drag reduction of 30%-40% can be obtained at the critical Richardson number. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Wan, Hui; Patnaik, Soumya S.] Air Force Res Lab, Power & Control Div, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Wan, Hui] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Wan, H (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Power & Control Div, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Wan, H (reprint author), UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. EM hwan@ues.com; soumya.patnaik.1@us.af.mil FU AFRL/RQQI [FA8650-04-D-2404]; Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Center FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from AFRL/RQQI under Contract No. FA8650-04-D-2404, and the Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Center for computing time and resources. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD DEC PY 2016 VL 28 IS 12 AR 123603 DI 10.1063/1.4972178 PG 22 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA EH9LH UT WOS:000392092300014 ER PT J AU Mosleh, S Ashdown, JD Matyjas, JD Medley, MJ Zhang, JZ Liu, LJ AF Mosleh, Somayeh Ashdown, Jonathan D. Matyjas, John D. Medley, Michael J. Zhang, Jianzhong Liu, Lingjia TI Interference Alignment for Downlink Multi-Cell LTE-Advanced Systems With Limited Feedback SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Multi-cell multi-user MIMO communications; limited feedback interference alignment; modified leakage-based coordinated beamforming; codebook-based feedback; quantization error; LTE-advanced ID MULTIUSER MIMO; CHANNELS; NETWORKS AB To suppress the co-channel interference in a multi-cell multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output downlink cellular network, a novel interference alignment transceiver beam-forming design along with a low complexity iterative coordinated beam-forming scheme is introduced. While the latter combats the intra-cell interference, the former is utilized to mitigate the inter-cell interference. The proposed schemes consider the codebook-based feedback, which is adopted in the LTE/LTE-advanced systems. Optimal downlink user-specific and cell-specific beam-forming matrices are characterized to maximize the lower bound of expected signal-to-leakage-plusnoise ratio and to minimize the residual inter-cell interference, respectively. Moreover, closed-form expressions for these beam-forming matrices under limited channel state information feedback and in the presence of the quantization error are identified. Simulations are conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed strategy. The results indicate that our scheme can significantly improve the average spectral-efficiency of the underlying network when compared with existing ones where the quantization error is neglected. Furthermore, for a fixed payload size of the codebook, unlike zero-forcing beam-forming in which the sum throughput is bounded as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases, in our scheme, the performance gap between rank 2 feedback and perfect feedback remains approximately constant as SNR increases. C1 [Mosleh, Somayeh; Liu, Lingjia] Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Ashdown, Jonathan D.; Matyjas, John D.; Medley, Michael J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. [Zhang, Jianzhong] Samsung Res Amer, Stand & Mobil Innovat Lab, Richardson, TX 75082 USA. RP Liu, LJ (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 EI 1558-2248 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 15 IS 12 BP 8107 EP 8121 DI 10.1109/TWC.2016.2612628 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EG8FX UT WOS:000391292500015 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, MG Romigh, GD Kenzig, SM Iyer, N Simpson, BD Thompson, ER Rothwell, CD AF Wisniewski, Matthew G. Romigh, Griffin D. Kenzig, Stephanie M. Iyer, Nandini Simpson, Brian D. Thompson, Eric R. Rothwell, Clayton D. TI Enhanced auditory spatial performance using individualized head-related transfer functions: An event-related potential study SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUND AB This study examined event-related potential (ERP) correlates of auditory spatial benefits gained from rendering sounds with individualized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). Noise bursts with identical virtual elevations (0 degrees-90 degrees) were presented back-to-back in 5-10 burst "runs" in a roving oddball paradigm. Detection of a run's start (i.e., elevation change detection) was enhanced when bursts were rendered with an individualized compared to a non-individualized HRTF. ERPs showed increased P3 amplitudes to first bursts of a run in the individualized HRTF condition. Condition differences in P3 amplitudes and behavior were positively correlated. Data suggests that part of the individualization benefit reflects post-sensory processes. C1 [Wisniewski, Matthew G.; Romigh, Griffin D.; Kenzig, Stephanie M.; Iyer, Nandini; Simpson, Brian D.; Thompson, Eric R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rothwell, Clayton D.] Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Wisniewski, MG (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM matt.g.wisniewski@gmail.com; griffin.romigh@us.af.mil; stephanie.kenzig.ctr@us.af.mil; nandini.iyer.2@us.af.mil; brian.simpson.4@us.af.mil; eric.thompson.28@us.af.mil; clayton.rothwell.ctr@us.af.mil FU National Research Council; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX M.G.W. was supported by a National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship and an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. S.M.K was supported by an internship provided by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 140 IS 6 BP EL539 EP EL544 DI 10.1121/1.4972301 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA EF5CI UT WOS:000390347900013 PM 28040012 ER PT J AU Matveev, I Ombrello, T AF Matveev, Igor Ombrello, Timothy TI Introduction to the Special Issue on Plasma-Assisted Technologies December 2016 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Matveev, Igor] Appl Plasma Technol LLC, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. [Ombrello, Timothy] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Matveev, I (reprint author), Appl Plasma Technol LLC, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 44 IS 12 SI SI BP 2938 EP 2939 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2631758 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EF9SR UT WOS:000390671100001 ER PT J AU Lutz, JJ Hutson, JM AF Lutz, Jesse J. Hutson, Jeremy M. TI Deviations from Born-Oppenheimer mass scaling in spectroscopy and ultracold molecular physics SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Born-Oppenheimer approximation; Adiabatic correction; Ultracold molecules; Contact density; Isotopic field shift; Born-Oppenheimer breakdown function; Fifth force ID POTENTIAL-FIT ANALYSIS; COMBINED-ISOTOPOMER ANALYSIS; X-1-SIGMA(+) GROUND-STATE; LINE-POSITION DATA; ADIABATIC CORRECTION; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; DISSOCIATION-ENERGY; ELECTRONIC STATES; HYDROGEN MOLECULE; BAND SYSTEM AB We investigate Born-Oppenheimer breakdown (BOB) effects (beyond the usual mass scaling) for the electronic ground states of a series of homonuclear and heteronuclear alkali-metal diatoms, together with the Sr-2 and Yb-2 diatomics. Several widely available electronic structure software packages are used to calculate the leading contributions to the total isotope shift for commonly occurring isotopologs of each species. Computed quantities include diagonal Born-Oppenheimer corrections (mass shifts) and isotopic field shifts. Mass shifts dominate for light nuclei up to and including K, but field shifts contribute significantly for Rb and Sr and are dominant for Yb. We compare the ab initio mass-shift functions for Li-2, LiK and LiRb with spectroscopically derived ground-state BOB functions from the literature. We find good agreement in the values of the functions for LiK and LiRb at their equilibrium geometries, but significant disagreement with the shapes of the functions for all 3 systems. The differences may be due to contributions of nonadiabatic terms to the empirical BOB functions. We present a semiclassical model for the effect of BOB corrections on the binding energies of near-threshold states and the positions of zero-energy Feshbach resonances. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. C1 [Lutz, Jesse J.; Hutson, Jeremy M.] Univ Durham, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Dept Chem, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Lutz, Jesse J.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hutson, JM (reprint author), Univ Durham, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Dept Chem, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM j.m.hutson@durham.ac.uk FU EPSRC UK National Service for Computational Chemistry Software (NSCCS) at Imperial College London, NSCCS Project [CHEM700]; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I012044/1] FX The authors are grateful for the use of the EPSRC UK National Service for Computational Chemistry Software (NSCCS) at Imperial College London, awarded as NSCCS Project CHEM700. We thank Paul Julienne for initiating this work and John Coxon for bringing the importance of nonadiabatic effects to our attention. We are also grateful to John Stanton, Peter Szalay, and Markus Reiher for helpful discussions regarding specific functionalities, keywords, and limitations associated with their software. This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [Grant No. EP/I012044/1]. NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 330 SI SI BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2016.08.007 PG 14 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA EF9EX UT WOS:000390634600007 ER PT J AU Bag, S Durstock, MF AF Bag, Santanu Durstock, Michael F. TI Efficient semi-transparent planar perovskite solar cells using a 'molecular glue' SO NANO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Semitransparent solar cell; Perovskite; Thin-film; Solution processing; Surface passivation ID GRAPHENE ELECTRODES; GROWTH AB Semitransparent perovskite solar cells are promising for their use in building integrated photovoltaic applications. One critical requirement for this application is the ability to thin down the perovsldte absorber layer without sacrificing much of its optimum device efficiency. However, the production of high quality and defect-free very thin films of perovskites in an all low temperature solution processed p-i-n type device structure has been elusive due to the sensitivity of the materials crystallization dynamics and the variability of surface specific interactions. Here, we show that a unique surface passivation method based on thiourea vapor treatment can effectively produce high quality CH3NH3PbI3 thin-films up to 110 nm of thickness on top of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) surface. The thiourea vapor is believed to act as a 'molecular glue' by introducing favorable surface interactions in the PEDOT: PSS film with the soft, polarizable inorganic species (i.e. Pb and I) present in the thin-film precursors, and helps to achieve continuous, pinhole-free perovskite films. Using these solution-processed thin and high quality CH3NH3PbI3 films, semitransparent p-i-n planar perovskite-PCBM solar cells are fabricated with an evaporated transparent Ag top electrode, and the solar cells show a high average visible transparency of 34% at a power conversion efficiency level of 8.2%, which are among the highest reported performance values for semitransparent perovskite solar cells. This demonstration provides an excellent example of how surface passivation can be an effective approach to grow high quality all solution-processed semitransparent perovskite films, and will lead to more efficient thin-film optoelectronic devices in the future. C1 [Bag, Santanu; Durstock, Michael F.] US Air Force, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Bag, Santanu] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Bag, S; Durstock, MF (reprint author), US Air Force, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Bag, S (reprint author), CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM santanu.bag.ctr.in@us.af.mil; michael.durstock@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-2855 EI 2211-3282 J9 NANO ENERGY JI Nano Energy PD DEC PY 2016 VL 30 BP 542 EP 548 DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.044 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EF9FM UT WOS:000390636100065 ER PT J AU Kananen, BE Golden, EM Basun, SA Evans, DR Grabar, AA Stoika, IM Mcclory, JW Giles, NC Halliburton, LE AF Kananen, B. E. Golden, E. M. Basun, S. A. Evans, D. R. Grabar, A. A. Stoika, I. M. Mcclory, J. W. Giles, N. C. Halliburton, L. E. TI Dual role of Sb ions as electron traps and hole traps in photorefractive Sn2P2S6 crystals SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TIN HYPOTHIODIPHOSPHATE AB Doping photorefractive single crystals of Sn2P2S6 with antimony introduces both electron and hole traps. In as-grown crystals, Sb3+ (5s(2)) ions replace Sn2+ ions. These Sb3+ ions are either isolated (with no nearby perturbing defects) or they have a chargecompensating Sn2+ vacancy at a nearest-neighbor Sn site. When illuminated with 633 nm laser light, isolated Sb3+ ions trap electrons and become Sb2+ (5s(2)5p(1)) ions. In contrast, Sb3+ ions with an adjacent Sn vacancy trap holes during illumination. The hole is primarily localized on the (P2S6)(4-) anionic unit next to the Sb3+ ion and Sn2+ vacancy. These trapped electrons and holes are thermally stable below similar to 200 K, and they are observed with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at temperatures below 150 K. Resolved hyperfine interactions with P-31, Sb-121, and Sb-123 nuclei are used to establish the defect models. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Kananen, B. E.; Golden, E. M.; Mcclory, J. W.; Giles, N. C.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Basun, S. A.; Evans, D. R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Basun, S. A.; Halliburton, L. E.] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Grabar, A. A.; Stoika, I. M.] Uzhgorod Natl Univ, Inst Solid State Phys & Chem, UA-88000 Uzhgorod, Ukraine. [Halliburton, L. E.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Halliburton, LE (reprint author), Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA.; Halliburton, LE (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM Larry.Halliburton@mail.wvu.edu FU AFOSR Project [16RT0053]; Science and Technology Center in Ukraine; European Office of Aerospace Research and Development [P438a] FX Dr. John Luginsland at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR Project 16RT0053) supported the work at the Air Force Institute of Technology, and the Science and Technology Center in Ukraine and the European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (STCU/EOARD Project P438a) supported the work at Uzhgorod National University. Views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 12 BP 3992 EP 3999 DI 10.1364/OME.6.003992 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EF5ZL UT WOS:000390408500030 ER PT J AU Islam, AE AF Islam, Ahmad Ehteshamul TI Current Status of Reliability in Extended and Beyond CMOS Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEVICE AND MATERIALS RELIABILITY LA English DT Review DE Field-effect transistor; reliability; extended CMOS; beyond CMOS; nanowire; carbon nanotube; graphene; negative capacitance; electron spin; band-to-band tunneling; microelectromechanical switch; impact ionization; defect ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; BIAS TEMPERATURE INSTABILITY; DEPENDENT DIELECTRIC-BREAKDOWN; SILICON NANOWIRE TRANSISTORS; CARBON-NANOTUBE TRANSISTORS; LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; HOT-CARRIER DEGRADATION; RANDOM TELEGRAPH SIGNAL; LAYER MOS2 TRANSISTORS; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS AB In the history of electronics, solid-state materials replaced the vacuum parts to reduce power consumption and to obtain better reliability at a reduced cost. The size of solid-state transistors continued to reduce since its introduction, and currently, we have transistors with dimensions on the order of similar to 10 nm. This downscaling of transistor dimension accompanied with proportionate changes in supply voltage so that the overall power consumption stays below a tolerable limit. The situation dramatically changed when requirements of proper electrostatic control over the entire length of the transistor and its reliable operation stopped supply voltage scaling, increased OFF-state leakage, and hence caused exponential increase in power consumption. The introduction of a high-. gate dielectric and then a multiple/surround gate within the CMOS architecture have improved the situation, but still have not provided the complete solution for the future. For future electronic devices, we need switches with extremely low OFF-state leakage, small supply voltage, and high-drive current without compromising the yield and reliability currently available in modern-day nanoscale transistors. The available options are based on extensions of current CMOS transistors by using nanowires, III-V compounds, carbon nanomaterials, transition metal dichalcogenides as channel, ferroelectrics as dielectric, and ferromagnets as source/drain. On the other hand, device architectures that are completely different from conventional CMOS (so-called beyond CMOS devices) such as tunnel transistors, nanoelectromechanical devices, and impact ionization transistors are also under consideration for future electronics. The performance of many of these beyond CMOS devices is yet to be comparable to that obtained in the current-day CMOS transistors. In addition, many of these proposed devices have a number of classical and some novel reliability concerns. This review article presents reliability concerns for a set of extended and beyond CMOS devices and shows that defects in different parts of these devices require detailed study to ensure their usability in electronics industry. Therefore, in addition to the current ongoing research to obtain better performance using the proposed devices, a parallel reliability analysis is also needed. This kind of early-stage reliability analysis may reveal whether any reliability concern is intrinsically related to the device design-hence suggests us to look for alternative device concepts for future CMOS. C1 [Islam, Ahmad Ehteshamul] UES Inc, Biol & Nanoscale Technol Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Islam, Ahmad Ehteshamul] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Islam, Ahmad Ehteshamul] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Islam, AE (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Islam, AE (reprint author), CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM aeislam@ieee.org OI Islam, Ahmad/0000-0002-4233-1233 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA 8650-09-D-5037] FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract FA 8650-09-D-5037. This paper was presented in part at the 2013 International Reliability Physics Symposium. NR 162 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-4388 EI 1558-2574 J9 IEEE T DEVICE MAT RE JI IEEE Trans. Device Mater. Reliab. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 647 EP 666 DI 10.1109/TDMR.2014.2348940 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA EE8CN UT WOS:000389852400034 ER PT J AU Shakir, SA Dolash, TM Spencer, M Berdine, R Cargill, DS Carreras, R AF Shakir, Sami A. Dolash, Thomas M. Spencer, Mark Berdine, Richard Cargill, Daniel S. Carreras, Richard TI General wave optics propagation scaling law SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID TURBULENCE; APPROXIMATION; MODEL AB A general far-field wave propagation scaling law is developed. The formulation is simple but predicts diffraction peak irradiance accurately in the far field, regardless of the near-field beam type or geometry, including laser arrays. We also introduce the concept of the equivalent uniform circular beam that generates a far-field peak irradiance and power-in-the-bucket that are the same as an arbitrary laser source. Applications to clipped Gaussian beams with an obscuration, both as a single beam and as an array of beams, are shown. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Shakir, Sami A.; Dolash, Thomas M.] Tau Technol, 1602 Randolph Rd SE Suite 100N, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Spencer, Mark; Berdine, Richard; Cargill, Daniel S.; Carreras, Richard] Air Force Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Shakir, SA (reprint author), Tau Technol, 1602 Randolph Rd SE Suite 100N, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM sami.shakir@tautechnologies.com FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)/RVKDL [FA9451-15-C-0052] FX Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)/RVKDL (FA9451-15-C-0052). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD DEC 1 PY 2016 VL 33 IS 12 BP 2477 EP 2484 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.33.002477 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA EE6YF UT WOS:000389759600021 PM 27906274 ER PT J AU Bell, C McDonough, J Houston, KS Gerber, K AF Bell, Caitlin McDonough, Jeff Houston, Kelly S. Gerber, Kathleen TI Stable Isotope Probing to Confirm Field-Scale Co-Metabolic Biodegradation of 1,4-Dioxane SO REMEDIATION-THE JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP COSTS TECHNOLOGIES & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID ACTINOMYCETE; ASSIMILATION; BACTERIA AB 1,4-Dioxane, a common co-contaminant with chlorinated solvents, is present in groundwater at Site 24 at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. Historical use of chlorinated solvents resulted in concentrations of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater up to approximately 2,000 mu g/L. Starting in 2013, an in situ propane biosparge system operation demonstrated reductions in 1,4-dioxane concentrations in groundwater. The work detailed herein extends the efforts of the first field demonstration to a second phase and confirms the biodegradation mechanism via use of stable isotope probing (SIP). After two months of operation, 1,4-dioxane concentrations decreased approximately 45 to 83 percent at monitoring locations in the test area. The results of the SIP confirmed C-13-enriched 1,4-dioxane was transformed into dissolved inorganic carbon (suggesting mineralization to carbon dioxide) and incorporated into microbial biomass (likely attributed to metabolic uptake of biotransformation intermediates or of carbon dioxide). (C)2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bell, Caitlin] Arcadis US Inc Arcadis, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [McDonough, Jeff] Arcadis, Newtown, PA USA. [Houston, Kelly S.] Arcadis, San Francisco, CA USA. [Gerber, Kathleen] VAFB, Vandenberg AFB, CA USA. [Gerber, Kathleen] VAFB, Restorat Program, Vandenberg AFB, CA USA. [Gerber, Kathleen] VAFB, Site 24, Vandenberg AFB, CA USA. [Gerber, Kathleen] VAFB, Environm Cleanup Program, Vandenberg AFB, CA USA. RP Bell, C (reprint author), Arcadis US Inc Arcadis, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-5658 EI 1520-6831 J9 REMEDIATION JI Remediation PD WIN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 47 EP 59 DI 10.1002/rem.21496 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA EE3JI UT WOS:000389483500004 ER PT J AU Burgi, K Ullom, J Marciniak, M Oxley, M AF Burgi, Kenneth Ullom, Jessica Marciniak, Michael Oxley, Mark TI Reflective Inverse Diffusion SO Applied Sciences-Basel LA English DT Article DE phase modulation; indirect photography; inverse diffusion; scattering; liquid crystal spatial light modulator; beam steering; enhancement ID SCATTERING MEDIA; FOCUSING LIGHT; TURBID MEDIA; LOOKING; CORNERS AB Phase front modulation was previously used to refocus light after transmission through scattering media. This process has been adapted here to work in reflection. A liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used to conjugate the phase scattering properties of diffuse reflectors to produce a converging phase front just after reflection. The resultant focused spot had intensity enhancement values between 13 and 122 depending on the type of reflector. The intensity enhancement of more specular materials was greater in the specular region, while diffuse reflector materials achieved a greater enhancement in non-specular regions, facilitating non-mechanical steering of the focused spot. Scalar wave optics modeling corroborates the experimental results. C1 [Burgi, Kenneth; Marciniak, Michael] US Air Force, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ullom, Jessica] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Oxley, Mark] US Air Force, Dept Math & Stat, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Burgi, K (reprint author), US Air Force, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM kenneth.burgi@afit.edu; jessica.ullom@usafa.edu; michael.marciniak@afit.edu; mark.oxley@afit.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. This material is declared a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-3417 J9 APPL SCI-BASEL JI Appl. Sci.-Basel PD DEC PY 2016 VL 6 IS 12 AR 370 DI 10.3390/app6120370 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA EE3XC UT WOS:000389533400003 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Jiang, NB Slipchenko, MN Mance, JG Meyer, TR Roy, S Gord, JR AF Miller, Joseph D. Jiang, Naibo Slipchenko, Mikhail N. Mance, Jason G. Meyer, Terrence R. Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI Spatiotemporal analysis of turbulent jets enabled by 100-kHz, 100-ms burst-mode particle image velocimetry SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED PIV; SHEAR FLOWS; LASER; FLAMES; KHZ; RESOLUTION; SPECTRA AB 100-kHz particle image velocimetry (PIV) is demonstrated using a double-pulsed, burst-mode laser with a burst duration up to 100 ms. This enables up to 10,000 time-sequential vector fields for capturing a temporal dynamic range spanning over three orders of magnitude in high-speed turbulent flows. Pulse doublets with inter-pulse spacing of 2 mu s and repetition rate of 100 kHz are generated using a fiber-based oscillator and amplified through an all-diode-pumped, burst-mode amplifier. A physics-based model of pulse doublet amplification in the burst-mode amplifier is developed and used to accurately predict oscillator pulse width and pulse intensity inputs required to generate equal-energy pulse doublets at 532 nm for velocity measurements. The effect of PIV particle response and high-speed-detector limitations on the spatial and temporal resolution are estimated in subsonic turbulent jets. An effective spatial resolution of 266-275 mu m and temporal resolution of 10 mu s are estimated from the 8 x 8 pixel correlation window and inter-doublet time spacing, respectively. This spatiotemporal resolution is sufficient for quantitative assessment of integral time and length scales in highly turbulent jets with Reynolds numbers in the range 15,000-50,000. The temporal dynamic range of the burst-mode PIV measurement is 1200, limited by the 85-ms high-energy portion of the burst and 30-kHz high-frequency noise limit. C1 [Miller, Joseph D.; Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jiang, Naibo; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Mance, Jason G.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH USA. [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Meyer, Terrence R.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM joseph.miller.35@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [14RQ06COR]; National Science Foundation [CTS-1403969] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory under Contract Number FA8650-15-D-2518, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award Number 14RQ06COR (Dr. Chiping Li, Program Manager), and the National Science Foundation under Contract No. CTS-1403969. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD DEC PY 2016 VL 57 IS 12 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA ED3GW UT WOS:000388738600017 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Jiang, NB Slipchenko, MN Mance, JG Meyer, TR Roy, S Gord, JR AF Miller, Joseph D. Jiang, Naibo Slipchenko, Mikhail N. Mance, Jason G. Meyer, Terrence R. Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI Spatiotemporal analysis of turbulent jets enabled by 100-kHz, 100-ms burst-mode particle image velocimetry SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED PIV; SHEAR FLOWS; LASER; FLAMES; KHZ; RESOLUTION; SPECTRA AB 100-kHz particle image velocimetry (PIV) is demonstrated using a double-pulsed, burst-mode laser with a burst duration up to 100 ms. This enables up to 10,000 time-sequential vector fields for capturing a temporal dynamic range spanning over three orders of magnitude in high-speed turbulent flows. Pulse doublets with inter-pulse spacing of 2 mu s and repetition rate of 100 kHz are generated using a fiber-based oscillator and amplified through an all-diode-pumped, burst-mode amplifier. A physics-based model of pulse doublet amplification in the burst-mode amplifier is developed and used to accurately predict oscillator pulse width and pulse intensity inputs required to generate equal-energy pulse doublets at 532 nm for velocity measurements. The effect of PIV particle response and high-speed-detector limitations on the spatial and temporal resolution are estimated in subsonic turbulent jets. An effective spatial resolution of 266-275 mu m and temporal resolution of 10 mu s are estimated from the 8 x 8 pixel correlation window and inter-doublet time spacing, respectively. This spatiotemporal resolution is sufficient for quantitative assessment of integral time and length scales in highly turbulent jets with Reynolds numbers in the range 15,000-50,000. The temporal dynamic range of the burst-mode PIV measurement is 1200, limited by the 85-ms high-energy portion of the burst and 30-kHz high-frequency noise limit. C1 [Miller, Joseph D.; Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jiang, Naibo; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Mance, Jason G.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH USA. [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Meyer, Terrence R.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM joseph.miller.35@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [14RQ06COR]; National Science Foundation [CTS-1403969] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory under Contract Number FA8650-15-D-2518, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award Number 14RQ06COR (Dr. Chiping Li, Program Manager), and the National Science Foundation under Contract No. CTS-1403969. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD DEC PY 2016 VL 57 IS 12 AR 192 DI 10.1007/s00348-016-2279-5 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA ED3GW UT WOS:000388738600016 ER PT J AU Bush, R Gill, J Teakell, J AF Bush, Ralph Gill, Jacob Teakell, Jarred TI Heat Treatment Optimization and Fabrication of a 440C Stainless Steel Knife SO JOM LA English DT Article ID CORROSION-RESISTANCE; MICROSTRUCTURE; HARDNESS AB There is ample evidence in the literature that the austenitization temperature and a post-quench liquid nitrogen soak play a significant role in the hardness/strength of martensitic stainless steels typically used in the fabrication of knives. However, there is a lack of quantitative data documenting the role these parameters have on the microstructure of these steels. A systematic study quantifies the volume fraction and composition of the microstructural constituents and hardness of 440C as a function of austenitization temperature and liquid nitrogen soak. Chromium carbide composition is independent of austenitization temperature. However, composition of the martensite matrix, and volume fractions of tempered martensite and carbides change with austenitization temperature. The liquid nitrogen soak is effective only at high temperatures that result in retained austenite. The results are used to rationalize and select an optimum heat-treat process for a knife fabricated in anticipation of the 2017 TMS Bladesmithing competition. C1 [Bush, Ralph; Gill, Jacob] USAF Acad, Dept Engn Mech, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Teakell, Jarred] USAF Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Bush, R (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Engn Mech, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM ralph.bush@usafa.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD DEC PY 2016 VL 68 IS 12 BP 3167 EP 3173 DI 10.1007/s11837-016-2117-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA ED4KX UT WOS:000388818100024 ER PT J AU Gresham, KC Palma, C Polsgrove, DE Chun, FK Della-Rose, DJ Tippets, RD AF Gresham, Kimberlee C. Palma, Christopher Polsgrove, Daniel E. Chun, Francis K. Della-Rose, Devin J. Tippets, Roger D. TI Education and outreach Using the falcon telescope network SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article AB The Falcon Telescope Network (FTN) is a global network of small aperture telescopes developed by the Center for Space Situational Awareness Research in the Department of Physics at the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA). Consisting of commercially available equipment, the FTN is a collaborative effort between USAFA and other educational institutions ranging from two- and four-year colleges to major research universities. USAFA provides the equipment (e.g. telescope, mount, camera, filter wheel, dome, weather station, computers and storage devices) while the educational partners provide the building and infrastructure to support an observatory. The user base includes USAFA along with K-12 and higher education faculty and students. The diversity of the users implies a wide variety of observing interests, and thus the FTN collects images on diverse objects, including satellites, galactic and extragalactic objects, and objects popular for education and public outreach. The raw imagery, all in the public domain, will be accessible to FTN partners and will be archived at USAFA. Currently, there are five Falcon telescopes installed, two in Colorado and one each in Pennsylvania, Chile, and Australia. These five telescopes are in various stages of operational capability but all are remotely operable via a remote desktop application. The FTN team has conducted STEM First Light Projects for three of the U.S. observatories, soliciting proposals from middle and high school students and teachers that suggest and then become what is observed as official STEM first-light objects. Students and teachers learn how to write and submit a proposal as well as how telescopes operate and take data, while university-level students at the U.S. Air Force Academy and The Pennsylvania State University learn how to evaluate proposals and provide feedback to the middle and high school students and teachers. In this paper, we present the current status of the FTN, details of and lessons learned from the STEM First Light Project, and feedback from middle and high school students and teachers. (C) 2016 IAA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gresham, Kimberlee C.] US Air Force Acad, Univ Space Res Assoc, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Palma, Christopher] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Polsgrove, Daniel E.; Chun, Francis K.; Della-Rose, Devin J.; Tippets, Roger D.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Gresham, KC (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Univ Space Res Assoc, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM kgresham@usra.edu; cxp137@psu.edu; Daniel.Polsgrove@usafa.edu; Francis.Chun@usafa.edu; Devin.Della-Rose@usafa.edu; roger.tippets.ctr@usafa.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 129 BP 130 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.09.006 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ED7YF UT WOS:000389087900014 ER PT J AU DeCarlo, EC Smarslok, BP Mahadevan, S AF DeCarlo, Erin C. Smarslok, Benjamin P. Mahadevan, Sankaran TI Segmented Bayesian Calibration of Multidisciplinary Models SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION; VALIDATION; PANELS; APPROXIMATION; VERIFICATION; INTEGRATION; SYSTEMS; FLOW AB This paper investigates Bayesian model calibration for multidisciplinary problems that involve several disciplinary models and multiple sources of data regarding individual and combined physics. Asegmented approach is explored as an alternative to simultaneous calibration of the parameters and discrepancy terms of all the component models. Simultaneous Bayesian calibration requires conducting inference on all uncertain parameters using all models and data concurrently. This can lead to significant computational burden and ambiguity regarding each individual model's contribution to the overall prediction uncertainty. Segmented Bayesian model calibration is first investigated with two illustrative mathematical examples and the performance of this strategy is examined for different characteristics of the problem (i.e., model dependence and data availability). The Kullback-Leibler divergence and the Bayes factor metric are used to compare the computational effort and accuracy of the segmented and simultaneous calibration strategies. The segmented approach is observed to yield comparable prediction uncertainty with fewer samples than simultaneous calibration for the multidisciplinary scenarios considered. The strategies are then applied to the estimation of model discrepancy in aerodynamic pressure and heat flux models using high-speed wind-tunnel data. C1 [DeCarlo, Erin C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Smarslok, Benjamin P.] US Air Force Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Struct Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mahadevan, Sankaran] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP DeCarlo, EC (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. FU National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This research was partly funded by the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of AFOSR program managers Fariba Fahroo and David Stargel. The authors also acknowledge valuable technical discussions with You Ling and Joshua Mullins during their time as Vanderbilt graduate students. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 54 IS 12 BP 3727 EP 3741 DI 10.2514/1.J054960 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ED6FD UT WOS:000388950600005 ER PT J AU Hoisington, A Maestre, JP Kinney, KA Siegel, JA AF Hoisington, A. Maestre, J. P. Kinney, K. A. Siegel, J. A. TI Characterizing the bacterial communities in retail stores in the United States SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; 16S; Pyrosequencing; Retail stores; HVAC filter dust; Human microbiome ID INDOOR AIR; AIRBORNE BACTERIA; OFFICE BUILDINGS; HVAC FILTERS; HOUSE-DUST; DIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; VENTILATION; EFFICIENCY; TAXONOMY AB The microorganisms present in retail environments have not been studied in detail despite the fact that these environments represent a potentially important location for exposure. In this study, HVAC filter dust samples in 13 US retail stores were collected and analyzed via pyrosequencing to characterize the indoor bacterial communities and to explore potential relationships between these communities and building and environmental parameters. Although retail stores contained a diverse bacterial community of 788 unique genera, over half of the nearly 118K sequences were attributed to the Proteobacteria phylum. Streptophyta, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter were the most prevalent genera detected. The recovered indoor airborne microbial community was statistically associated with both human oral and skin microbiota, indicating occupants are important contributors, despite a relatively low occupant density per unit volume in retail stores. Bacteria generally associated with outdoor environments were present in the indoor communities with no obvious association with air exchange rate, even when considering relative abundance. No significant association was observed between the indoor bacterial community recovered and store location, store type, or season. However, predictive functional gene profiling showed significant associations between the indoor community and season. The microbiome recovered from multiple samples collected months apart from the same building varied significantly indicating that caution is warranted when trying to characterize the bacterial community with a single sampling event. C1 [Hoisington, A.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Maestre, J. P.; Kinney, K. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Siegel, J. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada. [Siegel, J. A.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Siegel, JA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada. EM Jeffrey.siegel@utoronto.ca OI MAESTRE, JUAN P./0000-0001-6766-6462 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Indoor Microbiome of the Retail Environment); American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) [RP-1596] FX This study was supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Indoor Microbiome of the Retail Environment) and the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE, RP-1596, Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality in Retail Stores). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6947 EI 1600-0668 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 6 BP 857 EP 868 DI 10.1111/ina.12273 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EC0RK UT WOS:000387808200003 PM 26610179 ER PT J AU Copeland, J AF Copeland, Jeffrey TI Stay for a Dollar a Day SO CALIFORNIA HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Japanese internment; California church hostels; Los Angeles history AB This article examines the support that California's church groups offered to Japanese Americans during their resettlement after internment from 1945 to 1947, focusing on the hostels these groups opened to house, feed, provide storage, and assist with employment and long-term housing for their Japanese residents. It offers a narrative of California's church hostels, which have been overshadowed in the scholarship by those in the Midwest and East, which operated for nearly two years before the West Coast was reopened to internees. These select church groups were among the lone supporters of Japanese Americans in California and elsewhere in the country, and demonstrated Christian charity by lending a measure of humanity to an otherwise inhumane situation. At the same time, they voiced strong support for the government that was prosecuting the internment of the very people they claimed to support. Conflating Christian and democratic language, church leaders voiced support simultaneously for a popular war and for the most unpopular ethnic group in the country. During resettlement they adopted the War Relocation Authority's program of assimilation to insulate themselves from criticism as they provided aid to "the enemy." This paradox of church support is the central focus of this article. C1 [Copeland, Jeffrey] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Copeland, J (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 678 MISSION ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105-4014 USA SN 0162-2897 J9 CALIF HIST JI Calif. Hist. PD WIN PY 2016 VL 93 IS 4 BP 42 EP 66 DI 10.1525/CH201693442 PG 25 WC History SC History GA EC3ZY UT WOS:000388066800005 ER PT J AU De Sio, L Placido, T Comparelli, R Curri, ML Tabiryan, N Bunning, TJ AF De Sio, Luciano Placido, Tiziana Comparelli, Roberto Curri, Maria Lucia Tabiryan, Nelson Bunning, Timothy J. TI Plasmonic photoheating of gold nanorods in thermo-responsive chiral liquid crystals SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS LA English DT Article DE liquid crystals; nanomaterials; plasmonics; optics ID NANOPARTICLES; THERAPY; GAIN AB We report on the thermo-optical properties of gold nanorods (GNRs) dispersed in a thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC). We have characterized the CLC reflection band behavior for two different cell thicknesses under the influence of a suitable (resonant) pump beam. It turns out that for the 1.6 mu m thick cell there is a suppression of the CLC reflection band for both pure CLC and CLC/GNRs. For the 10 mu m thick cell, the presence of GNRs desensitizes the shift of the CLC reflection band to temperature. Suitable cell design enables one to 'turn off' the wavelength shift of the peak reflection, thereby turning the system into a pure amplitude measurement tool. This has implications where the probe wavelength is fixed at a common, single wavelength. C1 [De Sio, Luciano; Tabiryan, Nelson] Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, 1300 Lee Rd, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. [Placido, Tiziana] Univ Bari, Dept Chem, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Placido, Tiziana; Comparelli, Roberto; Curri, Maria Lucia] CNR IPCF, Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Phys & Chem Proc, Bari Div, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bunning, Timothy J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP De Sio, L (reprint author), Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, 1300 Lee Rd, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. EM luciano@beamco.com RI Curri, Maria Lucia/C-5360-2009; Comparelli, Roberto/C-5449-2009 OI Curri, Maria Lucia/0000-0002-0261-8379; Comparelli, Roberto/0000-0003-4640-7204 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); US Air Force [FA9550-14-1-0050, EOARD 2014/2015]; Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL; PRIN Project [PON MAIND-PON03PE_00004_1, 2012, 2012T9XHH7]; Nanomax-N-CHEM Project FX The research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), US Air Force, under grant FA9550-14-1-0050 (P I L De Sio, EOARD 2014/2015) and the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL, and by PON MAIND-PON03PE_00004_1, 2012 prot. 2012T9XHH7 PRIN Project and by Nanomax-N-CHEM Project. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2040-8978 EI 2040-8986 J9 J OPTICS-UK JI J. Opt. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 18 IS 12 AR 125005 DI 10.1088/2040-8978/18/12/125005 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC0UQ UT WOS:000387816800002 ER PT J AU Zherebtsov, SV Kudryavtsev, EA Salishchev, GA Straumal, BB Semiatin, SL AF Zherebtsov, S. V. Kudryavtsev, E. A. Salishchev, G. A. Straumal, B. B. Semiatin, S. L. TI Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of ultrafine Ti-6Al-4V during low-temperature superplastic deformation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Titanium alloy; Low-temperature superplasticity; Ultrafine structure; Microstructure coarsening ID DIFFUSIONAL PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; INTERFACE ENERGY ANISOTROPY; TITANIUM-ALLOY; LAMELLAR STRUCTURES; THERMAL-STABILITY; CAVITY NUCLEATION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; HEAT-TREATMENT; SOLID-PHASE; CREEP AB The influence of microstructure evolution on the low-temperature superplasticity of ultrafine Ti-6Al-4V was established. For this purpose, the static and dynamic coarsening response and plastic-flow behavior of the alloy with a mean size of alpha (sub)grains and beta particles of 0.1-0.4 mu m were determined via a series of tension tests at temperatures between 450 and 700 degrees C. Both static and dynamic coarsening exhibited diffusion-controlled (r(3)-vs-time) kinetics. However, dynamic coarsening was approximately two orders of magnitude faster than the corresponding static behaviors due to enhanced diffusion through the deformed beta matrix. A total elongation of 1000% and strain-rate-sensitivity exponent m = 0.48 were obtained at 550 degrees C and 2 x 10(-4) s(-1). Very limited cavitation was observed in the specimens after superplastic deformation under optimal conditions. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zherebtsov, S. V.; Kudryavtsev, E. A.; Salishchev, G. A.] Belgorod State Univ, Lab Bulk Nanostruct Mat, 85 Pobeda Str, Belgorod 308015, Russia. [Straumal, B. B.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Ac Ossipyan Str 2, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. [Straumal, B. B.] Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS, Leninskii Prosp 4, Moscow 119049, Russia. [Semiatin, S. L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zherebtsov, SV (reprint author), Belgorod State Univ, Lab Bulk Nanostruct Mat, 85 Pobeda Str, Belgorod 308015, Russia. EM ser_z@mail.ru RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017; OI Zherebtsov, Sergey/0000-0002-1663-429X FU Russian Ministry of Education and Science at Belgorod State University [11.1816.2014/K]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [16-53-12007, 15-53-06008]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Russian Federal Ministry for Education and Science [K1-2015-026] FX The main part of this work was supported by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science via Project No. 11.1816.2014/K at Belgorod State University. The results on wetting of alpha/alpha boundaries (B.B. Straumal) was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 16-53-12007 and 15-53-06008), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Russian Federal Ministry for Education and Science (Increase Competitiveness Program of NUST "MISiS"K1-2015-026). The authors are also grateful to the personnel of the Joint Research Centre, Belgorod State University, for their assistance with the experimental analysis. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 121 BP 152 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.09.003 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EA9SH UT WOS:000386984500015 ER PT J AU Halls, BR Roy, S Gord, JR Kastengren, AL Meyer, TR AF Halls, B. R. Roy, S. Gord, J. R. Kastengren, A. L. Meyer, T. R. TI Quantitative imaging of single-shot liquid distributions in sprays using broadband flash x-ray radiography SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE Flash x-ray; Synchrotron radiation; X-ray radiography; Impinging jet; Spray imaging; Liquid distribution ID FUEL SPRAYS; STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION; JETS; FLOW; TOMOGRAPHY; BREAKUP; LIGHT; CORE AB Flash x-ray radiography is used to capture quantitative, two-dimensional line-of-sight averaged, single shot liquid distribution measurements in impinging jet sprays. The accuracy of utilizing broadband x-ray radiation from compact flash tube sources is investigated for a range of conditions by comparing the data with radiographic high-speed measurements from a narrowband, high-intensity synchrotron x-ray facility at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Argonne National Laboratory. The path length of the liquid jets is varied to evaluate the effects of energy dependent x-ray attenuation, also known as spectral beam hardening. The spatial liquid distributions from flash x-ray and synchrotron-based radiography are compared, along with spectral characteristics using Taylor's hypothesis. The results indicate that quantitative, single-shot imaging of liquid distributions can be achieved using broadband x-ray sources with nanosecond temporal resolution. Practical considerations for optimizing the imaging system performance are discussed, including the coupled effects of x-ray bandwidth, contrast, sensitivity, spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and spectral beam hardening. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Halls, B. R.; Meyer, T. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Halls, B. R.; Gord, J. R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Roy, S.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Kastengren, A. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Meyer, T. R.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Meyer, TR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Meyer, TR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM trmeyer@purdue.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9300-14-C-2003]; Army Research Office; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was funded, in part, by the Air Force Research Laboratory under Contract No. FA9300-14-C-2003 and the Army Research Office (Dr. Ralph Anthenien, Program Manager). A portion of this research was performed at the 7-BM beamline of the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors express their gratitude to C. D. Radke and K. Weiser of Iowa State University for their technical assistance. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0301-9322 EI 1879-3533 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD DEC PY 2016 VL 87 BP 241 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2016.09.007 PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA EA5FR UT WOS:000386645300021 ER PT J AU Castelluccio, GM Musinski, WD McDowell, DL AF Castelluccio, Gustavo M. Musinski, William D. McDowell, David L. TI Computational micromechanics of fatigue of microstructures in the HCF-VHCF regimes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Very high cycle fatigue; Failure mechanisms; Microstructure effects; Mesoscale modeling ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; MINIMUM ENERGY FORMALISM; SHORT CRACK-PROPAGATION; SLIP BAND MODEL; N-GREATER-THAN-10(7) CYCLES; POLYCRYSTALLINE COPPER; PRIMARY INCLUSIONS; BASE SUPERALLOYS; GROWTH; NUCLEATION AB Advances in higher resolution experimental techniques have shown that metallic materials can develop fatigue cracks under cyclic loading levels significantly below the yield stress. Indeed, the traditional notion of a fatigue limit can be recast in terms of limits associated with nucleation and arrest of fatigue cracks at the microstructural scale. Although fatigue damage characteristically emerges from irreversible dislocation processes at sub-grain scales, the specific microstructure attributes, environment, and loading conditions can strongly affect the apparent failure mode and surface to subsurface transitions. In this paper we discuss multiple mechanisms that occur during fatigue loading in the high cycle fatigue (HCF) to very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regimes. We compare these regimes, focusing on strategies to bridge experimental and modeling approaches exercised at multiple length scales and discussing particular challenges to modeling and simulation regarding microstructure-sensitive fatigue driving forces and thresholds. We conclude by discussing some of the challenges in predicting the transition of failure mechanisms at different stress and strain amplitudes. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Castelluccio, Gustavo M.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Musinski, William D.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP McDowell, DL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM david.mcdowell@me.gatech.edu FU NSF [CMMI-1333083]; Carter N. Paden, Jr. Distinguished Chair in Metals Processing at Georgia Tech. FX DLM is grateful for the support of NSF CMMI-1333083 on Microstructure-Sensitive Design of Multiphase Structural Alloys, as well as the Carter N. Paden, Jr. Distinguished Chair in Metals Processing at Georgia Tech. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 EI 1879-3452 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD DEC PY 2016 VL 93 SI SI BP 387 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.019 PN 2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DZ1NK UT WOS:000385604900020 ER PT J AU Kaufman, E Lovell, TA Lee, T AF Kaufman, Evan Lovell, T. Alan Lee, Taeyoung TI Minimum Uncertainty JPDA Filters and Coalescence Avoidance for Multiple Object Tracking SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Data association; JPDAF; Minimum uncertainty; Coalescence ID ASSOCIATION; PERFORMANCE AB Two variations of the joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF) are derived and simulated in various cases in this paper. First, an analytic solution for an optimal gain that minimizes posterior estimate uncertainty is derived, referred to as the minimum uncertainty JPDAF (M-JPDAF). Second, the coalescence-avoiding JPDAF (C-JPDAF) is derived, which removes coalescence by minimizing a weighted sum of the posterior uncertainty and a measure of similarity between estimated probability densities. Both novel algorithms are tested in much further depth than any prior work to show how the algorithms perform in various scenarios. In particular, the M-JPDAF more accurately tracks objects than the conventional JPDAF in all simulated cases. When coalescence degrades the estimates at too great of a level, and the C-JPDAF is often superior at removing coalescence when its parameters are properly tuned. C1 [Kaufman, Evan; Lee, Taeyoung] George Washington Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Lovell, T. Alan] Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Kaufman, E (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM evankaufman@gwu.edu FU NSF [CMMI-1243000, 1029551, CMMI-1335008, CNS-1337722] FX This research has been supported in part by NSF under the grants CMMI-1243000 (transferred from 1029551), CMMI-1335008, and CNS-1337722. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0021-9142 EI 2195-0571 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 63 IS 4 BP 308 EP 334 DI 10.1007/s40295-016-0092-2 PG 27 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DY4JX UT WOS:000385065900003 ER PT J AU Hill, TY Reitz, TL Huang, H AF Hill, Theresa. Y. Reitz, Thomas L. Huang, Hong TI Controlling micro ceramic patterns via multiple/sequential drop-on-demand inkjet printing of dilute colloidal suspensions SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Microstructure; Ceramics; Deposition; Electrochemical properties; Thin films; Electron microscopy ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROLYTE; FABRICATION; STABILITY; LAYER AB Drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet printing has great potential for fabricating miniature ceramic devices that are currently constructed by more complicated, time consuming, and costly procedures. In this study, micro La(0.6)Sr(0.4)Feo(0.8)CO(0.2)O(3) (LSFC) patterns are crafted via DOD inkjet printing. A dilute solid-solvent colloidal ink suspension composed of LSFC, a common solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode material, suspended in a-terpineol solvent, was printed with multiple, sequential inkjet passes. Critical process parameters were identified and tuned to achieve acceptable layer to layer deposition accuracy. Micro 0-D dots and micro 1-D lines with x/y dimensions <100 mu m and z-axis dimensions <1 mu m were demonstrated. Addition of ethyl cellulose to the ink resulted in unique 'volcano' features which may benefit miniature SOFCs with a density shift between the feature's center and ridge. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hill, Theresa. Y.; Reitz, Thomas L.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hill, Theresa. Y.; Huang, Hong] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Hill, TY (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM theresa.hill.2@us.af.mil; thomas.reitz@us.af.mil; Hong.huang@wright.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 EI 1873-4227 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD DEC PY 2016 VL 84 BP 437 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.08.035 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DY0GZ UT WOS:000384776600057 ER PT J AU Nelson, J McKinley, RA Phillips, C McIntire, L Goodyear, C Kreiner, A Monforton, L AF Nelson, Justin McKinley, Richard A. Phillips, Chandler McIntire, Lindsey Goodyear, Chuck Kreiner, Aerial Monforton, Lanie TI The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Multitasking Throughput Capacity SO FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); multi-attribute task battery (MATB); transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS); information throughput capacity; multitasking ID DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NONINVASIVE BRAIN-STIMULATION; VISUAL-SEARCH PERFORMANCE; WORKING-MEMORY; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; ENHANCEMENT; ATTENTION; CAFFEINE; HEALTHY; IMPROVEMENT AB Background: Multitasking has become an integral attribute associated with military operations within the past several decades. As the amount of information that needs to be processed during these high level multitasking environments exceeds the human operators' capabilities, the information throughput capacity reaches an asymptotic limit. At this point, the human operator can no longer effectively process and respond to the incoming information resulting in a plateau or decline in performance. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a non-invasive brain stimulation technique known as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to a scalp location over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (IDLPFC) to improve information processing capabilities during a multitasking environment. Methods: The study consisted of 20 participants from Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (16 male and 4 female) with an average age of 31.1 (SD = 4.5). Participants were randomly assigned into two groups, each consisting of eight males and two females. Group one received 2 mA of anodal tDCS and group two received sham tDCS over the IDLPFC on their testing day. Results: The findings indicate that anodal tDCS significantly improves the participants' information processing capability resulting in improved performance compared to sham tDCS. For example, the multitasking throughput capacity for the sham tDCS group plateaued near 1.0 bits/s at the higher baud input (2.0 bits/s) whereas the anodal tDCS group plateaued near 1.3 bits/s. Conclusion: The findings provided new evidence that tDCS has the ability to augment and enhance multitasking capability in a human operator. Future research should be conducted to determine the longevity of the enhancement of transcranial direct current stimulation on multitasking performance, which has yet to be accomplished. C1 [Nelson, Justin; McKinley, Richard A.; McIntire, Lindsey; Goodyear, Chuck; Kreiner, Aerial] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Phillips, Chandler; Monforton, Lanie] Wright State Univ, Dept Biomed Ind & Human Factors Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Nelson, J (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM justin.nelson.15.ctr@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (APOSR) [17RHCOR485_v1] FX Funding for the research study was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (APOSR) grant number 17RHCOR485_v1. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-5161 J9 FRONT HUM NEUROSCI JI Front. Hum. Neurosci. PD NOV 29 PY 2016 VL 10 AR 589 DI 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00589 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA ED3PH UT WOS:000388760500001 PM 27965553 ER PT J AU Hu, Y Al Awak, MM Yang, F Yan, SJ Xiong, QW Wang, P Tang, YG Yang, LJ LeCroy, GE Hou, XF Bunker, CE Xu, LX Tomlinson, N Sun, YP AF Hu, Yin Al Awak, Mohamad M. Yang, Fan Yan, Sijia Xiong, Qingwu Wang, Ping Tang, Yongan Yang, Liju LeCroy, Gregory E. Hou, Xiaofang Bunker, Christopher E. Xu, Linxi Tomlinson, Nicholas Sun, Ya-Ping TI Photoexcited state properties of carbon dots from thermally induced functionalization of carbon nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; FLUORESCENT CARBON; IN-VIVO; NANODOTS; CONVERSION; THERAPY; CELLS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOCRYSTALS; GRAPHENE AB Carbon dots are small carbon nanoparticles with various surface passivation schemes, in which more effective has been the deliberate chemical functionalization of the nanoparticles for brighter fluorescence emissions, even though the synthesis method is more tedious and subject to some limitations in the selection of functionalization molecules. Another more popular synthesis method has been the carbonization of organic species, with the method being more efficient and versatile, but less controllable regarding synthesis and achieving the desired dot structure and performance. In this work, a hybrid approach combining the advantageous characteristics of the two synthesis methods was applied to the preparation of carbon dots using polyethyleneimine (PEI) for surface passivation, where pre-processed and selected small carbon nanoparticles were functionalized with PEI by microwave-induced thermal reactions. Their optical absorption and fluorescence emission properties were evaluated, and the results suggested that the carbon dots thus prepared shared the same photoexcited state characteristics with those from the deliberate chemical functionalization, including comparable fluorescence colors and other properties. A further demonstration of the similarity in photoexcited state properties was based on the same visible light-activated bactericidal functions of the PEI-carbon dots as those found in carbon dots from the deliberate chemical functionalization method. The advantages and potential limitations of the hybrid approach for more controllable yet versatile and efficient syntheses of carbon dots are highlighted and discussed. C1 [Hu, Yin; Yang, Fan; Yan, Sijia; Xiong, Qingwu; Wang, Ping; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Hou, Xiaofang; Xu, Linxi; Tomlinson, Nicholas; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Hu, Yin; Yang, Fan; Yan, Sijia; Xiong, Qingwu; Wang, Ping; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Hou, Xiaofang; Xu, Linxi; Tomlinson, Nicholas; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Al Awak, Mohamad M.; Yang, Liju] North Carolina Cent Univ, Biomfg Res Inst & Technol Enterprise, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Durham, NC 27707 USA. [Tang, Yongan] North Carolina Cent Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Durham, NC 27707 USA. [Bunker, Christopher E.] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Yang, LJ (reprint author), North Carolina Cent Univ, Biomfg Res Inst & Technol Enterprise, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Durham, NC 27707 USA. EM lyang@nccu.edu; syaping@clemson.edu RI Hu, Yin/A-2557-2017 OI Hu, Yin/0000-0003-2090-1845 FU NIH [R15GM114752]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; China Scholarship Council; NSFC [51272152, 21671127]; Palmetto Academy FX Financial support from NIH (R15GM114752) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the program of Dr Charles Lee (Y.-P. S.) is gratefully acknowledged. Y. H. was a visiting student from Beijing Jiaotong University (China) and S. Y. and Q. X. were visiting students from Shantou University (China), with the visits sponsored by the China Scholarship Council and NSFC (51272152 and 21671127), respectively, and L. X. and N. T. were participants of the Palmetto Academy funded and managed by the South Carolina Space Grant Consortium. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7526 EI 2050-7534 J9 J MATER CHEM C JI J. Mater. Chem. C PD NOV 28 PY 2016 VL 4 IS 44 BP 10554 EP 10561 DI 10.1039/c6tc03666j PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EC9NF UT WOS:000388470600017 PM 27933162 ER PT J AU Zhu, Z Li, XN Gu, W Wang, JL Huang, HL Peng, RR Zhai, XF Fu, ZP Lu, YL AF Zhu, Zhu Li, Xiaoning Gu, Wen Wang, Jianlin Huang, Haoliang Peng, Ranran Zhai, XiaoFang Fu, Zhengping Lu, Yalin TI Improving photocatalysis and magnetic recyclability in Bi5Fe0.95Co0.05Ti3O15 via europium doping SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Photocatalyst; Visible-light; Ferromagnetism; Recyclability ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; BIFEO3 NANOPARTICLES; TITANIA AB Nanomaterials with improved photocatalysis and magnetism may enrich their field implementation in actual situations where both high light activity and good room-temperature (RT) magnetic recyclability are required. Previously, composite structures formed by at least one magnetic component with a photocatalysis part are mainly used to realize magnetically retrievable photocatalysts. In this work, europium doped Bi5Fe0.95Co0.05Ti3O15, in the format of nanoflowers, exhibiting a significant ferromagnetism at the room temperature and the notable UV- and visible-light-driven degradation capability, were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Both ferromagnetism and photocatalysis properties of the resulting Bi5-xEuxFe0.95Co0.05Ti3O15 were greatly improved by optimizing the doped europium content. Recyclability of such nanoflower photocatalysts in water solutions was demonstrated by simply applying a magnetic field at the RT environment, while a complete photocatalytic decompose of RhB dye was verified by the Fourier transform infrared spectra. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhu, Zhu; Li, Xiaoning; Gu, Wen; Huang, Haoliang; Peng, Ranran; Fu, Zhengping; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Zhai, XiaoFang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianlin; Huang, Haoliang; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, XiaoFang; Fu, Zhengping; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianlin; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] CAS Hefei Inst Phys Sci, Hefei Phys Sci & Technol Ctr, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Fu, ZP; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. EM zhuzhu99@mail.ustc.edu.cn; lixn@mail.ustc.edu.cn; guwen@mail.ustc.edu.cn; wangjl@ustc.edu.cn; hhliang@ustc.edu.cn; pengrr@ustc.edu.cn; xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn; fuzp@ustc.edu.cn; yllu@ustc.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922000]; Provincial Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Colleges [KJ2014ZD40]; Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KGZD-EW-T06]; External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences [211134KYSB20130017] FX This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922000), the Provincial Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Colleges (KJ2014ZD40), Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KGZD-EW-T06) and External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences (211134KYSB20130017). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 49 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD NOV 25 PY 2016 VL 686 BP 306 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.06.012 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DU5BZ UT WOS:000382228300040 ER PT J AU Chabak, KD Moser, N Green, AJ Walker, DE Tetlak, SE Heller, E Crespo, A Fitch, R McCandless, JP Leedy, K Baldini, M Wagner, G Galazka, Z Li, XL Jessen, G AF Chabak, Kelson D. Moser, Neil Green, Andrew J. Walker, Dennis E. Tetlak, Stephen E. Heller, Eric Crespo, Antonio Fitch, Robert McCandless, Jonathan P. Leedy, Kevin Baldini, Michele Wagner, Gunter Galazka, Zbigniew Li, Xiuling Jessen, Gregg TI Enhancement-mode Ga2O3 wrap-gate fin field-effect transistors on native (100) beta-Ga2O3 substrate with high breakdown voltage SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; DENSITY; GROWTH; LAYERS; POWER AB Sn-doped gallium oxide (Ga2O3) wrap-gate fin-array field-effect transistors (finFETs) were formed by top-down BCl3 plasma etching on a native semi-insulating Mg-doped (100) beta-Ga2O3 substrate. The fin channels have a triangular cross-section and are approximately 300 nm wide and 200 nm tall. FinFETs, with 20 nm Al2O3 gate dielectric and similar to 2 mu m wrap-gate, demonstrate normally-off operation with a threshold voltage between 0 and +1V during high-voltage operation. The I-ON/I-OFF ratio is greater than 10(5) and is mainly limited by high on-resistance that can be significantly improved. At V-G = 0, a finFET with 21 mu m gate-drain spacing achieved a three-terminal breakdown voltage exceeding 600V without a field-plate. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Chabak, Kelson D.; Walker, Dennis E.; Tetlak, Stephen E.; Crespo, Antonio; Fitch, Robert; Leedy, Kevin; Jessen, Gregg] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Chabak, Kelson D.; Li, Xiuling] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Moser, Neil] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Green, Andrew J.; McCandless, Jonathan P.] Wyle Labs Inc, 4200 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Heller, Eric] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Baldini, Michele; Wagner, Gunter; Galazka, Zbigniew] Leibniz Inst Kristallzuchtung, Max Born Str 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Chabak, KD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 21 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 21 AR 213501 DI 10.1063/1.4967931 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ED4QD UT WOS:000388834200026 ER PT J AU Kaspi, R Luong, S Yang, C Lu, C Newell, TC Bate, T AF Kaspi, R. Luong, S. Yang, C. Lu, C. Newell, T. C. Bate, T. TI Extracting fundamental transverse mode operation in broad area quantum cascade lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POWER AB Power scaling in broad area quantum cascade lasers results in the operation of high order transverse modes with a far-field profile consisting of two lobes propagating at large angles relative to the optical axis. We report a method of suppressing the high order transverse modes that can extract the fundamental mode and provide emission along the optical axis. By generating a lateral constriction in the waveguide in the form of short trenches defined by the focused ion beam milling technique, we report broad area devices in which most of the power is contained in a near diffraction-limited beam that provides high brightness. C1 [Kaspi, R.; Luong, S.; Yang, C.; Lu, C.; Newell, T. C.; Bate, T.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Laser Div AFRL RDLTD, 3550 Aberdeen Ave, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. RP Kaspi, R (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Laser Div AFRL RDLTD, 3550 Aberdeen Ave, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. EM ron.kaspi@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This work was partially funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 21 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 21 AR 211102 DI 10.1063/1.4968800 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ED4QD UT WOS:000388834200002 ER PT J AU Ruggles-Wrenn, MB Lee, MD AF Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B. Lee, M. D. TI Fatigue behavior of an advanced SiC/SiC ceramic composite with a self-healing matrix at 1300 degrees C in air and in steam SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs); Fatigue; High-temperature properties; Mechanical properties; Fractography ID CREEP-BEHAVIOR; HI-NICALON(TM)/SIC-B4C COMPOSITE; NOTCH SENSITIVITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; SIC FIBERS; DEGREES-C; OXIDATION; MECHANISMS; STABILITY; TENSION AB The fatigue behavior of a non-oxide ceramic composite with a multilayered matrix was investigated at 1300 degrees C in laboratory air and in steam environment. The composite was produced via chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). The composite had an oxidation inhibited matrix, which consisted of alternating layers of silicon carbide and boron carbide and was reinforced with laminated woven Hi-NicalonTM fibers. Fiber preforms had pyrolytic carbon fiber coating with boron carbon overlay applied. Tensile stress-strain behavior and tensile properties were evaluated at 1300 degrees C. Tension-tension fatigue behavior was studied for fatigue stresses ranging from 70 to 160 MPa in air and in steam. The fatigue limit (based on a run-out condition of 2 x 10(5) cycles) was between 80 and 100 MPa. Presence of steam had little influence on fatigue performance. The retained properties of all specimens that achieved fatigue run-out were characterized. Composite microstructure, as well as damage and failure mechanisms were investigated. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.; Lee, M. D.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV 20 PY 2016 VL 677 BP 438 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.09.076 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EA9SX UT WOS:000386986100048 ER PT J AU Kontur, FJ de la Harpe, K Terry, NB AF Kontur, F. J. de la Harpe, K. Terry, N. B. TI Reply to "Comment on "Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course"" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kontur, F. J.] Amer Inst Phys Publishing, Melville, NY 11747 USA. [de la Harpe, K.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Terry, N. B.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kontur, FJ (reprint author), Amer Inst Phys Publishing, Melville, NY 11747 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9896 J9 PHYS REV PHYS EDUC R JI Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. PD NOV 16 PY 2016 VL 12 IS 2 AR UNSP 028002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.12.028002 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Education & Educational Research GA EJ7LB UT WOS:000393402100003 ER PT J AU Yun, Y Huang, HL Meng, DH Cui, ZZ Wang, JL Fu, ZP Peng, RR Zhai, XF Lu, YL AF Yun, Yu Huang, Haoliang Meng, Dechao Cui, Zhangzhang Wang, Jianlin Fu, Zhengping Peng, Ranran Zhai, Xiaofang Lu, Yalin TI Reduced growth temperature of Bi6FeCoTi3O18 thin films by conductive bottom layers SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Substrates; High resolution x-ray diffraction; Laser epitaxy; Oxide ID NANOSTRUCTURES; OXIDES AB The Aurivillius layered oxide homologous series attract wide interests due to their room temperature multiferroic properties. Unfortunately, the synthesis of such layered oxide epitaxial thin films has been a major challenge owing to the occurrence of growth defects and narrow growth temperature window. To obtain high quality epitaxial Bi6FeCoTi3O18 (BFCTO) thin films, the effects of insulating and conductive bottom layers were studied by laser molecular beam epitaxy. We found that the optimal deposition temperature for growth on conductive bottom layers is more than 90 degrees C lower than that on insulating bottom layers, which indicates the interface between BFCTO and conductive bottom layers has smaller interfacial energy than the interface between BFCTO and insulating bottom layers. The magnetic and ferroelectric properties of the optimized BFCTO thin films on insulating substrate and conductive bottom layers were studied. This study is important to control the growth of complex layered oxide thin films and exploit the applications for future room temperature multiferroic devices. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yun, Yu; Huang, Haoliang; Meng, Dechao; Cui, Zhangzhang; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Yun, Yu; Huang, Haoliang; Meng, Dechao; Cui, Zhangzhang; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Huang, Haoliang; Wang, Jianlin; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Wang, Jianlin; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Huang, HL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Huang, HL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM hhliang@ustc.edu.cn; yllu@ustc.edu.cn FU External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences [211134KYSB20130017]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11504358]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2060140019]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific of Research (AFOSR) FX This work was supported by the External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences (211134KYSB20130017), the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11504358) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2060140019). Y. Lu thanks the support from the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific of Research (AFOSR). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD NOV 15 PY 2016 VL 454 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.08.053 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA EB6VZ UT WOS:000387525000005 ER PT J AU Rottmayer, M Singh, R Huang, H AF Rottmayer, Michael Singh, Raj Huang, Hong TI The influence of microstructure and functional-grading on the electrochemical response of Pt/Yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposite thin films in micro-solid oxide fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Pt/YSZ; Micro fuel cell; SOFC; Functional grading; Microstructure; Thin film ID ELECTRODE MICROSTRUCTURE; AU FILMS; DEPOSITION; STRESS; GROWTH; CATHODES AB The use of microfabricated solid oxide fuel cells (mSOFCs) is a promising technology for a low temperature operation (as low as 300 degrees C) with reduced start-up time and improved energy density. However, one of the limitations to widespread adoption of this technology has been due to the use of Pt electrodes, which exhibit poor bulk ionic conductivity and suffers from Ostwald ripening. Pt/YSZ is a promising alternative for providing both microstructural and electrochemical stability to the electrode layer. The objective of this research is to investigate the electrochemical performance and long term morphological stability of Pt/YSZ, by tailoring the composition, porosity, thickness, and functional-graded distribution, for use as a high performance mSOFC cathode. The Pt/YSZ cathodes were deposited through a co-sputtering process. An increase in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) charge transfer kinetics are observed with the Pt/YSZ cathode versus pure Pt, along with a significantly more stable morphology over a 24hr period. Although the mSOFC performance is found to be sensitive to Pt/YSZ composition at the TPB interface, the mass diffusion of oxygen through the cathode is determined to be the rate limiting step. The increased porosity in the Pt/YSZ led to more efficient oxygen diffusion and higher mSOFC performance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rottmayer, Michael] US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Power & Control Div, Elect Syst Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Singh, Raj] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Tulsa, OK 74137 USA. [Huang, Hong] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Rottmayer, M (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Power & Control Div, Elect Syst Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Michael.rottmayer@us.af.mil; rajns@okstate.edu; hong.huang@wright.edu FU US Air Force Research Laboratory FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful and insightful conversations with Dr. Joseph Merrett on thin film patterning and mSOFC cell construction. This research was supported by the US Air Force Research Laboratory through internal funding. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV 15 PY 2016 VL 332 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.052 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA EA5EU UT WOS:000386643000018 ER PT J AU Kim, S Miller, C Horie, Y Molek, C Welle, E Zhou, M AF Kim, Seokpum Miller, Christopher Horie, Yasuyuki Molek, Christopher Welle, Eric Zhou, Min TI Computational prediction of probabilistic ignition threshold of pressed granular Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) under shock loading (vol 120, 115902, 2016) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Kim, Seokpum; Miller, Christopher; Zhou, Min] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Horie, Yasuyuki; Molek, Christopher; Welle, Eric] US Air Force, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, 2306 Perimeter Rd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Zhou, M (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM min.zhou@gatech.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 14 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 18 AR 189901 DI 10.1063/1.4968197 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ED3FK UT WOS:000388734700037 ER PT J AU Liu, R Dev, S Zhong, Y Lu, R Streyer, W Allen, JW Allen, MS Wenner, BR Gong, S Wasserman, D AF Liu, R. Dev, S. Zhong, Y. Lu, R. Streyer, W. Allen, J. W. Allen, M. S. Wenner, B. R. Gong, S. Wasserman, D. TI Enhanced responsivity resonant RF photodetectors SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID KINETIC INDUCTANCE DETECTORS; SILICON; PHOTONICS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ASTROPHYSICS; MILLIMETER AB The responsivity of room-temperature, semiconductor-based photodetectors consisting of resonant RF circuits coupled to microstrip buslines is investigated. The dependence of the photodetector response on the semiconductor material and RF circuit geometry is presented, as is the detector response as a function of the spatial position of the incident light. We demonstrate significant improvement in detector response by choice of photoconductive material, and for a given material, by positioning our optical signal to overlap with positions of RF field enhancement. Design of RF circuits with strong field enhancement are demonstrated to further improve detector response. The improved detector response demonstrated offers opportunities for applications in RF photonics, materials metrology, or single read-out multiplexed detector arrays. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America. C1 [Liu, R.; Dev, S.; Zhong, Y.; Lu, R.; Streyer, W.; Gong, S.; Wasserman, D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Allen, J. W.; Allen, M. S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. [Wenner, B. R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Dev, S.; Wasserman, D.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. RP Wasserman, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Wasserman, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM dw@utexas.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1210398]; Illinois Drive Postdoctoral Fellowship; Air Force Research Lab, through Wyle Contract [WSCS00042]; AFRL/RW Corporate Venture Fund FX National Science Foundation (RY, DW, Award #DMR-1210398); the Illinois Drive Postdoctoral Fellowship (YZ), and the Air Force Research Lab, through Wyle Contract WSCS00042 (SD). Authors (JWA, MSA and BRW) would like to thank the 2015 AFRL/RW Corporate Venture Fund award (Dr. D. Lambert) and AFOSR Lab Task 14RY07COR (Dr. G. Pomrenke). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 14 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 23 BP 26044 EP 26054 DI 10.1364/OE.24.026044 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC8TC UT WOS:000388414600015 PM 27857343 ER PT J AU Malak, ST Lafalce, E Jung, J Lin, CH Smith, MJ Yoon, YJ Lin, ZQ Vardeny, ZV Tsukruk, VV AF Malak, Sidney T. Lafalce, Evan Jung, Jaehan Lin, Chun Hao Smith, Marcus J. Yoon, Young Jun Lin, Zhiqun Vardeny, Z. Valy Tsukruk, Vladimir V. TI Enhancement of optical gain characteristics of quantum dot films by optimization of organic ligands SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; AUGER RECOMBINATION; STIMULATED-EMISSION; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; CDSE; SOLIDS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB This work examines how the optimization of molecular dimensions and chemical functionality of the organic ligands of quantum dots (QDs) can be explored for dramatic enhancement of the optical properties of QD films, particularly, optical gain. We show that the replacement of traditional QD organic ligands with a much shorter ligand, butylamine, yields a dense QD-packing that results in a two-fold increase in optical gain. Overall, the highly packed QD films exhibit very large net gain values (similar to 500 cm(-1)) which greatly exceed typical Cd-based QD films with traditional ligands. In addition, thresholds for amplified-spontaneous emission (ASE) down to 50 mu J cm(-2) were observed, which is exceptionally low for ns-pulse pumped QD systems. Our results confirm an additional route for obtaining high optical gain using QDs, and outline a strategy for modifying the optical gain characteristics by ligand exchange without needing to modify the QD selection. Consideration of the ligands along with QD compositional design could make it possible to fabricate photonic systems with exceptionally low lasing thresholds, and offers a route toward achieving high gain using steady state pumping, an extremely difficult feat to achieve in traditional QD systems. C1 [Malak, Sidney T.; Jung, Jaehan; Lin, Chun Hao; Smith, Marcus J.; Yoon, Young Jun; Lin, Zhiqun; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lafalce, Evan; Vardeny, Z. Valy] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Smith, Marcus J.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM Vladimir@mse.gatech.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0037]; OSD-T&E (Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation) [Wide/PE0601120D8Z, N00244-09-1-0081] FX Financial support is acknowledged from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA9550-14-1-0037 (Synthetic photonics multidisciplinary university research initiative, synthesis, fabrication and development). M. J. Smith would like to acknowledge the Science, Mathematics and Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship funded by OSD-T&E (Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation), Defense-Wide/PE0601120D8Z National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1, Basic Research, SMART Program office Grant Number N00244-09-1-0081. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7526 EI 2050-7534 J9 J MATER CHEM C JI J. Mater. Chem. C PD NOV 14 PY 2016 VL 4 IS 42 BP 10069 EP 10081 DI 10.1039/c6tc03148j PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA EB2YR UT WOS:000387229000021 ER PT J AU Yang, F LeCroy, GE Wang, P Liang, WX Chen, JJ Fernando, KAS Bunker, CE Qian, HJ Sun, YP AF Yang, Fan LeCroy, Gregory E. Wang, Ping Liang, Weixiong Chen, Jijie Fernando, K. A. Shiral Bunker, Christopher E. Qian, Haijun Sun, Ya-Ping TI Functionalization of Carbon Nanoparticles and Defunctionalization-Toward Structural and Mechanistic Elucidation of Carbon "Quantum" Dots SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; SURFACE-FUNCTIONALIZATION; FLUORESCENT CARBON; IN-VIVO; GRAPHENE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOTUBES; ENERGY; NMR; PERSPECTIVES AB Small carbon nanoparticles were functionalized by low-molecular weight amino compound 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA) for ultracompact carbon dots of bright fluorescence emissions. The results from solution-phase NMR characterization support the expected dot structure of carbon nanoparticles surface-attached with EPA species. The optical properties of the EPA-carbon dots share many features with those found in carbon dots of other surface functionalities, but there is an extra absorption shoulder in the blue spectral region, into which the excitation results in much enhanced green fluorescence emissions. The EPA-carbon dots were defunctionalized by gradually removing the EPA species from the carbon nanoparticles, along with spectroscopic characterizations on the samples of different degrees of defunctionalization. The outcomes further confirm the critical role of surface functionalization in the superior optical properties of carbon dots. Results from systematic measurements of fluorescence quantum yields and decays at different excitation wavelengths for the EPA-carbon dots and their gradually defunctionalized samples are presented, and their mechanistic implications are discussed. C1 [Yang, Fan; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Wang, Ping; Liang, Weixiong; Chen, Jijie; Qian, Haijun; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yang, Fan; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Wang, Ping; Liang, Weixiong; Chen, Jijie; Qian, Haijun; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Fernando, K. A. Shiral] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Sensors Technol Off, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Bunker, Christopher E.] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Bunker, CE (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM christopher.bunker@us.af.mil; syaping@clemson.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory; NSFC [51272152]; NIH FX Financial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through Dr. Charles Lee (Y.-P.S.) and Dr. Michael Berman (C.E.B.), NIH (Y.-P.S.), and the Air Force Research Laboratory (C.E.B.) is gratefully acknowledged. W.L. and J.C. were visiting students from Prof. Fushen Lu's program at Shantou University in China, supported by NSFC (51272152). NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD NOV 10 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 44 BP 25604 EP 25611 DI 10.1021/acs.ipcc.6b08171 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EB9SR UT WOS:000387737900049 ER PT J AU Wie, JJ Shankar, MR White, TJ AF Wie, Jeong Jae Shankar, M. Ravi White, Timothy J. TI Photomotility of polymers SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; SOFT ROBOT; NETWORKS; MOTION; GLASSY; LIGHT; ACTUATORS; SURFACE; MECHANICS AB Light is distinguished as a contactless energy source for microscale devices as it can be directed from remote distances, rapidly turned on or off, spatially modulated across length scales, polarized, or varied in intensity. Motivated in part by these nascent properties of light, transducing photonic stimuli into macroscopic deformation of materials systems has been examined in the last half-century. Here we report photoinduced motion (photomotility) in monolithic polymer films prepared from azobenzene-functionalized liquid crystalline polymer networks (azo-LCNs). Leveraging the twisted-nematic orientation, irradiation with broad spectrum ultraviolet-visible light (320-500 nm) transforms the films from flat sheets to spiral ribbons, which subsequently translate large distances with continuous irradiation on an arbitrary surface. The motion results from a complex interplay of photochemistry and mechanics. We demonstrate directional control, as well as climbing. C1 [Wie, Jeong Jae; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Wie, Jeong Jae] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Wie, Jeong Jae] Inha Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Inchon 22212, South Korea. [Shankar, M. Ravi] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Ind Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP White, TJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM timothy.white.24@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was undertaken at the Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. We acknowledge financial support of this research from the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 34 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD NOV 10 PY 2016 VL 7 AR 13260 DI 10.1038/ncomms13260 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC1PO UT WOS:000387879000001 PM 27830707 ER PT J AU Jiang, QS Tian, LM Liu, KK Tadepalli, S Raliya, R Biswas, P Naik, RR Singamaneni, S AF Jiang, Qisheng Tian, Limei Liu, Keng-Ku Tadepalli, Sirimuvva Raliya, Ramesh Biswas, Pratim Naik, Rajesh R. Singamaneni, Srikanth TI Bilayered Biofoam for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; BACTERIAL CELLULOSE; PHOTOTHERMAL THERAPY; HEAT LOCALIZATION; CANCER-THERAPY; EVAPORATION; WATER; SUPERCAPACITORS; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES AB A novel bilayered hybrid biofoam composed of a bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) layer and a reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-filled BNC layer is introduced for highly efficient solar steam generation. The biofoam exhibits a solar thermal efficiency of approximate to 83% under simulated solar illumination (10 kW m(-2)). The fabrication method introduced here is highly scalable and cost-efficient. C1 [Jiang, Qisheng; Tian, Limei; Liu, Keng-Ku; Tadepalli, Sirimuvva; Singamaneni, Srikanth] Washington Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Raliya, Ramesh; Biswas, Pratim] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Naik, Rajesh R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 Human Performance Wing, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Singamaneni, S (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.; Naik, RR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 Human Performance Wing, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM rajesh.naik@us.af.mil; singamaneni@wustl.edu OI Tadepalli, Sirimuvva/0000-0001-9658-9988 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-15-1-0228, 12RX11COR]; AFRL/RX; Washington University's International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy & Sustainability (I-CARES) FX The authors acknowledge support from Air Force Office of Scientific Research (S.S- Award # FA9550-15-1-0228) and (R.R.N - 12RX11COR) and AFRL/RX. This work was also partially supported by Washington University's International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy & Sustainability (I-CARES). The authors thank Prof. Lihong Wang from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Washington University for providing access to IR camera and Nano Research Facility (NRF) at Washington University for providing access to electron microscopy facilities. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD NOV 9 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 42 BP 9400 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.201601819 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EG6RV UT WOS:000391174600018 PM 27432591 ER PT J AU Fentanes, E Wessman, D Villines, TC Steel, KE AF Fentanes, Emilio Wessman, Dylan Villines, Todd C. Steel, Kevin E. TI Serving to Heal and Honored to Serve An Insight Into Military Cardiovascular Fellowship SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARDIOLOGY C1 [Fentanes, Emilio; Steel, Kevin E.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Wessman, Dylan] Naval Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA USA. [Villines, Todd C.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Steel, KE (reprint author), US Air Force, MC, Sci & Technol Off, 59th Med Wing,2200 Bergquist Dr, Joint Base San Antonio L, TX 78236 USA. EM Kevin.steel@us.af.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD NOV 8 PY 2016 VL 68 IS 19 BP 2118 EP 2120 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.09.917 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EA7RK UT WOS:000386829300013 PM 27810052 ER PT J AU Mitchel, WC Elhamri, S Haugan, HJ Brown, GJ Mou, S Szmulowicz, F AF Mitchel, W. C. Elhamri, Said Haugan, H. J. Brown, Gail J. Mou, Shin Szmulowicz, Frank TI Multicarrier transport in InGaSb/InAs superlattice structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS AB The electrical properties of In0.25Ga0.75Sb/InAs superlattices designed for use as very long wavelength infrared detectors were studied with magnetic field dependent transport measurements and multicarrier analysis. Two electron channels and one hole channel were identified. The low concentration, high mobility electron channel was identified with conduction within the superlattice. Residual electron concentrations in the superlattice are found to be in the high 10(10) cm(-2) range with mobilities on the order of 40 000 cm(2)/V s. The other electron and hole channels have significantly lower mobilities with concentrations in the 10(11) cm(-2) range and can have a significant impact on the resistivity, carrier concentration, and mobility as measured at a single magnetic field value in conventional transport measurements. C1 [Mitchel, W. C.; Haugan, H. J.; Brown, Gail J.; Mou, Shin; Szmulowicz, Frank] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Elhamri, Said] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Mitchel, WC (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU The Air Force [FA8650-07-D-5800] FX We would like to thank S. Bowers and G. Landis for providing technical assistance with the MBE system and sample fabrication. The Air Force supported this work through Contract No. FA8650-07-D-5800 for H. H. and S. E. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 17 AR 175701 DI 10.1063/1.4966136 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EC4JV UT WOS:000388095800032 ER PT J AU Jeon, J Bhattarai, K Kim, DK Kim, JO Urbas, A Lee, SJ Ku, ZY Zhou, JF AF Jeon, Jiyeon Bhattarai, Khagendra Kim, Deok-Kee Kim, Jun Oh Urbas, Augustine Lee, Sang Jun Ku, Zahyun Zhou, Jiangfeng TI A Low-loss Metasurface Antireflection Coating on Dispersive Surface Plasmon Structure SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED PHOTODETECTION; OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION; ARRAYS; AU AB Over the years, there has been increasing interest in the integration of metal hole array (MHA) with optoelectronic devices, as a result of enhanced coupling of incident light into the active layer of devices via surface plasmon polariton (SPP) resonances. However, not all incident light contributes to the SPP resonances due to significant reflection loss at the interface between incident medium and MHA. Conventional thin-film antireflection (AR) coating typically does not work well due to non-existing material satisfying the AR condition with strong dispersion of MHA's effective impedances. We demonstrate a single-layer metasurface AR coating that completely eliminates the refection and significantly increases the transmission at the SPP resonances. Operating at off-resonance wavelengths, the metasurface exhibits extremely low loss and does not show resonant coupling with the MHA layer. The SPP resonance wavelengths of MHA layer are unaffected whereas the surface wave is significantly increased, thereby paving the way for improved performance of optoelectronic devices. With an improved retrieval method, the metasurface is proved to exhibit a high effective permittivity (epsilon(eff) similar to 30) and extremely low loss (tan delta similar to 0.005). A classical thin-film AR coating mechanism is identified through analytical derivations and numerical simulations. C1 [Jeon, Jiyeon; Kim, Jun Oh; Lee, Sang Jun] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Div Convergence Technol, Daejeon 305340, South Korea. [Jeon, Jiyeon; Kim, Deok-Kee] Sejong Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Bhattarai, Khagendra; Zhou, Jiangfeng] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Urbas, Augustine; Ku, Zahyun] Air Force Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Div Convergence Technol, Daejeon 305340, South Korea.; Zhou, JF (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.; Ku, ZY (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM sjlee@kriss.re.kr; zahyun.ku.1.ctr@us.af.mil; jiangfengz@usf.edu RI Zhou, Jiangfeng/D-4292-2009 OI Zhou, Jiangfeng/0000-0002-6958-3342 FU KRISS grant [GP2016-034]; AOARD grant - U.S. government (AFOSR/AOARD) [FA2386-14-1-4094]; [BR2013-123] FX The USF portion of this work was supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow grant BR2013-123 and by KRISS grant GP2016-034. The KRISS portion of this work was supported by the KRISS grant GP2016-034 and the AOARD grant FA2386-14-1-4094 funded by the U.S. government (AFOSR/AOARD). NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 36 U2 36 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD NOV 2 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 36190 DI 10.1038/srep36190 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EA6HX UT WOS:000386728600001 PM 27805052 ER PT J AU Clemens, MS Heafner, TA Watson, JDB Aden, JK Rasmussen, TE Glasgow, SC AF Clemens, Michael S. Heafner, Thomas A. Watson, J. Devin B. Aden, James K., III Rasmussen, Todd E. Glasgow, Sean C. TI Quality of Life in United States Veterans With Combat-Related Ostomies From Iraq and Afghanistan SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STOMA COMPLICATIONS; COLORECTAL TRAUMA AB Objective: Assess the impact of ostomy formation on quality of life for U. S. Service Members. Methods: U. S. personnel sustaining colorectal trauma from 2003 to 2011 were identified using the Department of Defense Trauma Registry. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted utilizing prospective interviews with standard survey instruments. Primary outcome measures were the Stoma Quality of Life Scale and Veterans RAND 36 scores and subjective responses. Patients with colorectal trauma not requiring ostomy served as controls. Results: Of 177 available patients, 90 (50.8%) male veterans consented to participate (55 ostomy, 35 control). No significant differences were observed between ostomy and control groups for Injury Severity Score (25.6 +/- 9.9 vs. 22.9 +/- 11.8, p = 0.26) or mechanism of injury (blast: 55 vs. 52%, p = 0.75); nonostomates had fewer anorectal injuries (3.2 vs. 47.9%, p < 0.01). Median follow-up was 6.7 years. Veterans RAND-36 Physical and Mental Component Scores were similar between groups. About 45.8% of ostomates were willing-to-trade a median of 10 years (interquartile range = 5-15) of their remaining life for gastrointestinal continuity. At last follow-up, 95.9% of respondents' combat-related ostomies were reversed with a median duration of 6 (range = 3-19) months diverted. Conclusions: Ostomy creation in a combat environment remains safe and does not have a quantifiable impact on long-term quality of life. C1 [Clemens, Michael S.; Heafner, Thomas A.; Watson, J. Devin B.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78219 USA. [Aden, James K., III] US Army, Inst Surg Res, Dept Epidemiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Rasmussen, Todd E.] US Combat Casualty Care Res Program, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Glasgow, Sean C.] US Air Force, Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Resuscitat Skills C STAR, 3635 Vista Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Glasgow, Sean C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, 660 South Euclid Ave,Campus Box 8109, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Clemens, MS (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78219 USA. FU Defense Health Program FX The authors thank Julie E. Engel, RN, lead clinical research nurse on the USAISR J-STOMA project, for her assistance with this study. Research was funded by Defense Health Program FY2012 program 6.7 grant (Principal Investigator: Lt Col Sean C. Glasgow). The Veterans RAND 36 Item Health Survey (VR-36) was used with written permission. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 181 IS 11 BP E1569 EP E1574 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00147 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL3DS UT WOS:000394500400017 PM 27849491 ER PT J AU Wilson, CB Harre, J Shaak, T Francis, J McLaughlin, LD AF Wilson, C. Brad Harre, Joseph Shaak, Thomas Francis, Joseph McLaughlin, Leslie D. TI The Psychological Effects of Rapid Aeromedical Evacuation in a Predator Exposure Animal Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED PLUS-MAZE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; ANXIETY; DEPLOYMENT; MEMORY; RAT; WAR AB Recent conflicts have contributed to an escalation in combat-related psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although technological advances have increased the speed from which battlefield injuries reach definitive care, mental health conditions have continued to rise. This study sought to analyze the effects of flight stressors and the lack of a postcombat decompression period on stress-related behavior. We hypothesized that a 1-week decompression period before flight would attenuate stress-related behavior compared to no decompression. PTSD-like effects were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were placed in cages with a cat on two occasions during the 31-day stress regimen. PTSD rats were also subjected to daily cage cohort changes. At the conclusion of the stress regimen, the animals were flown on a military aircraft (WC-130J) for 4 hours. They were subsequently tested via elevated plus-maze and fear conditioning system. The PTSD animals that experienced a decompression period demonstrated decreased anxiety as compared to the no decompression group. In contrast, no difference was noted between the non-PTSD decompression and no decompression flight and no flight groups. The decrease in anxiety between the PTSD flight groups suggests that a decompression period before evacuation may minimize the potential for PTSD development. C1 [Wilson, C. Brad] US Air Force Acad, Fairchild Hall Consolidated Educ Training Facil, Dept Biol, Usafa, CO 80840 USA. [Harre, Joseph; Shaak, Thomas] 81st Med Grp Clin Res Lab, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. [Francis, Joseph] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Comparat Biomed Sci, Skip Bertman Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [McLaughlin, Leslie D.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Pathobiol Sci, Skip Bertman Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Wilson, CB (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Fairchild Hall Consolidated Educ Training Facil, Dept Biol, Usafa, CO 80840 USA. FU 81st Medical Group Clinical Research Laboratory, Keesler AFB, Mississippi FX All funding for this project was contributed by the 81st Medical Group Clinical Research Laboratory, Keesler AFB, Mississippi. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 181 IS 11 BP E1561 EP E1568 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00018 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL3DS UT WOS:000394500400016 PM 27849490 ER PT J AU Nye, NS Pawlak, MT Webber, BJ Tchandja, JN Milner, MR AF Nye, Nathaniel S. Pawlak, Mary T. Webber, Bryant J. Tchandja, Juste N. Milner, Michelle R. TI Description and Rate of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Air Force Basic Military Trainees, 2012-2014 SO JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING LA English DT Article DE warrior athletes; physical fitness; injury epidemiology ID TRAINING-RELATED INJURIES; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; ARMY; SURVEILLANCE; RECRUITS; FRACTURES; BEHAVIOR; WOMEN; YOUTH AB Context: Musculoskeletal injuries are common in military trainees and have significant medical and operational effects. Objective: To provide current musculoskeletal injury epidemiology data for US Air Force basic military trainees. Design: Descriptive epidemiologic study with cross-sectional features. Setting: US Air Force Basic Military Training, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, Texas. Patients or Other Participants: All recruits who entered training between July 1, 2012, and June 30, 2014. Main Outcome Measure(s): Incidence density rate of all musculoskeletal injuries (stratified by body region and type) and factors and costs associated with injuries. Results: Of the 67 525 trainees, 12.5% sustained 1 or more musculoskeletal injuries. The overall incidence density rate was 18.3 injuries per 1000 person-weeks (15.1 for men and 29.4 for women). The most common diagnosis (n = 2984) was Pain in joint, lower leg, as described in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, code 719.46. Injuries were more common among those with lower levels of baseline aerobic and muscular fitness. Injured trainees were 3.01 times (95% confidence interval = 2.85, 3.18) as likely to be discharged, and injured trainees who did graduate were 2.88 times (95% confidence interval = 2.72, 3.04) as likely to graduate late. During the surveillance period, injuries resulted in more than $ 43.7 million in medical ($ 8.7 million) and nonmedical ($ 35 million) costs. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal injuries, predominantly of the lower extremities, have significant fiscal and operational effects on Air Force Basic Military Training. Further research into prevention and early rehabilitation of these injuries in military trainees is warranted. C1 [Nye, Nathaniel S.; Pawlak, Mary T.; Webber, Bryant J.; Tchandja, Juste N.] Joint Base San Antonio, 559th Trainee Hlth Squadron, 1515 Truemper St,Bldg 6612, Lackland AFB, TX 78235 USA. [Milner, Michelle R.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Dayton, OH USA. RP Nye, NS (reprint author), Joint Base San Antonio, 559th Trainee Hlth Squadron, 1515 Truemper St,Bldg 6612, Lackland AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM nathaniel.nye@gmail.com NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC PI DALLAS PA 2952 STEMMONS FREEWAY, DALLAS, TX 75247 USA SN 1062-6050 EI 1938-162X J9 J ATHL TRAINING JI J. Athl. Train. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 51 IS 11 BP 858 EP 865 DI 10.4085/1062-6050-51.10.10 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA EI9WZ UT WOS:000392861400004 PM 28068163 ER PT J AU Hazen, BT Skipper, JB Ezell, JD Boone, CA AF Hazen, Benjamin T. Skipper, Joseph B. Ezell, Jeremy D. Boone, Christopher A. TI Big data and predictive analytics for supply chain sustainability: A theory-driven research agenda SO COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Big data; Predictive analytics; Supply chain management ID RESOURCE-BASED-VIEW; TRANSACTION COST ECONOMICS; ECOLOGICAL MODERNIZATION; COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE; INSTITUTIONAL THEORY; ACTOR-NETWORK; DATA SCIENCE; MANAGEMENT; PERSPECTIVE; PERFORMANCE AB Big data and predictive analytics (BDPA) tools and methodologies are leveraged by businesses in many ways to improve operational and strategic capabilities, and ultimately, to positively impact corporate financial performance. BDPA has become crucial for managing supply chain functions, where data intensive processes can be vastly improved through its effective use. BDPA has also become a competitive necessity for the management of supply chains, with practitioners and scholars focused almost entirely on how BDPA is used to increase economic measures of performance. There is limited understanding, however, as to how BDPA can impact other aspects of the triple bottom-line, namely environmental and social sustainability outcomes. Indeed, this area is in immediate need of attention from scholars in many fields including industrial engineering, supply chain management, information systems, business analytics, as well as other business and engineering disciplines. The purpose of this article is to motivate such research by proposing an agenda based in well-established theory. This article reviews eight theories that can be used by researchers to examine and clarify the nature of BDPA's impact on supply chain sustainability, and presents research questions based upon this review. Scholars can leverage this article as the basis for future research activity, and practitioners can use this article as a means to understand how company-wide BDPA initiatives might impact measures of supply chain sustainability. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hazen, Benjamin T.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Skipper, Joseph B.] Stafford Sch Business, Abraham Baldwin Agr Coll, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Boone, Christopher A.] Georgia Southern Univ, Dept Logist & Supply Chain Management, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Ezell, Jeremy D.] James Madison Univ, Dept Comp Informat Syst & Business Analyt, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. RP Hazen, BT (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Benjamin.hazen@live.com OI Hazen, Benjamin/0000-0003-4891-3071 NR 117 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 21 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-8352 EI 1879-0550 J9 COMPUT IND ENG JI Comput. Ind. Eng. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 101 BP 592 EP 598 DI 10.1016/j.cie.2016.06.030 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial SC Computer Science; Engineering GA EF7GK UT WOS:000390497900048 ER PT J AU Blakeman, T Rodriquez, D Woods, J Cox, D Elterman, J Branson, R AF Blakeman, Thomas Rodriquez, Dario, Jr. Woods, James Cox, Daniel Elterman, Joel Branson, Richard TI Automated control of endotracheal tube cuff pressure during simulated flight SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Military Health System Research Symposium CY AUG, 2015 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL DE Endotracheal tube; cuff pressure; altitude ID FILLED TRACHEAL CUFFS; ALTITUDE; AIR; CARE AB BACKGROUND: Successful mechanical ventilation requires that the airway be controlled by an endotracheal tube (ETT) with an inflatable cuff to seal the airway. Aeromedical evacuation represents a unique challenge in which to manage ETT cuffs. We evaluated three methods of automatic ETT cuff pressure adjustment during changes in altitude in an altitude chamber. METHODS: Size 7.5 and 8.0 mm ETTs that are currently included in the Critical Care Air Transport Team allowance standard were used for the evaluation. Three automatic cuff pressure controllers-Intellicuff, Hamilton Medical; Pyton, ARM Medical; and Cuff Sentry, Outcome Solutions-were used to manage cuff pressures. The fourth group had cuff pressure set at sea level without further adjustment. Each ETT was inserted into a tracheal model and taken to 8,000 feet and then to 16,000 feet at 2,500 ft/min. Baseline cuff pressure at sea level was approximately 25 cm H2O. RESULTS: Mean cuff pressure at both altitudes with both size ETTs was as follows: Control arm, 141 +/- 64 cm H2O; Pyton, 25 +/- 0.8 cm H2O; Cuff Sentry, 22 +/- 0.3 cm H2O; and Intellicuff, 29 +/- 6.6 cm H2O. The mean time that cuff pressure was >30 cm H2O using Intellicuff at both altitudes was 2.8 +/- 0.8 minutes. Pressure differences from baseline in the control arm and with Intellicuff were statistically significant. Cuff pressure with the Cuff Sentry tended to be lower than indicated on the device. CONCLUSIONS: Mean cuff pressures were within the recommended range with all three devices. Intellicuff had difficulty regulating the cuff pressure initially with increases in altitude but was able to reduce the pressure to a safe level during the stabilization period at each altitude. The Pyton and Cuff Sentry allowed the least variation in pressure throughout the evaluation, although the Cuff Sentry set pressure was less than the actual pressure. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.) C1 [Blakeman, Thomas; Branson, Richard] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rodriquez, Dario, Jr.; Woods, James; Cox, Daniel; Elterman, Joel] US Air Force, Def Hlth Headquarters, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Blakeman, T (reprint author), 231 Albert Sabin Way,ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM thomas.blakeman@uc.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 81 IS 5 SU 2 BP S116 EP S120 DI 10.1097/TA.0000000000001234 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA EF3XH UT WOS:000390257800011 PM 27602899 ER PT J AU Davidson, AJ Neff, LP DuBose, JJ Sampson, JB Abbot, CM Williams, TK AF Davidson, Anders J. Neff, Lucas P. DuBose, Joseph J. Sampson, James B. Abbot, Christopher M. Williams, Timothy K. TI Direct-site endovascular repair (DSER): A novel approach to vascular trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Military Health System Research Symposium CY AUG, 2015 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL DE Vascular trauma; shunt; endovascular; open arterial repair ID DATA-BANK; THERAPY; INJURY; REVASCULARIZATION AB Peripheral vascular injuries carry significant risk for permanent functional impairment, limb loss, and death. Definitive correction of these injuries requires significant operative time and has traditionally been resource and skill set intensive. In the initial surgical treatment of the physiologically depleted trauma patient, faster techniques may prove more appropriate. Damage control techniques, including vascular shunting, rapidly restore distal flow but require additional vascular intervention and risk shunt thrombosis with prolonged use. To address these challenges, we present a technique, using an off-the-shelf endovascular device, for treatment of peripheral arterial injuries. Direct-site endovascular repair (DSER) is an open vascular surgical reconstruction technique using conventional endovascular stent grafts to create a "sutureless" anastomosis. We believe this technique to be a valuable adjunct to current repair options. The values of this technique are that it is (1) rapid, (2) of low technical complexity, (3) requires very little equipment, and (4) may offer extended durability in damage control scenarios. We describe three patients where this technique was used. In the first case, the technique was used to provide a temporary arterial shunt in a patient with a local infection and arterial disruption. In the second case, DSER was used for definitive repair of an injured artery after penetrating trauma. The third case involves DSER for definitive of both an artery and vein after penetrating trauma. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Davidson, Anders J.; Neff, Lucas P.; DuBose, Joseph J.; Sampson, James B.] UC Davis Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sacramento, CA USA. [Davidson, Anders J.; Neff, Lucas P.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Travis AFB, CA USA. [DuBose, Joseph J.; Sampson, James B.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Neff, Lucas P.; DuBose, Joseph J.; Sampson, James B.; Williams, Timothy K.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. [Abbot, Christopher M.] Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Williams, TK (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM timothykeithwilliams@yahoo.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 81 IS 5 SU 2 BP S138 EP S143 DI 10.1097/TA.0000000000001241 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA EF3XH UT WOS:000390257800015 PM 27768661 ER PT J AU Park, PK Cannon, JW Ye, W Blackbourne, LH Holcomb, JB Beninati, W Napolitano, LM AF Park, Pauline K. Cannon, Jeremy W. Ye, Wen Blackbourne, Lorne H. Holcomb, John B. Beninati, William Napolitano, Lena M. TI Incidence, risk factors, and mortality associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in combat casualty care SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Military Health System Research Symposium CY AUG, 2015 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL DE Acute respiratory distress syndrome; combat casualty; critical care resource utilization; mortality; respiratory failure ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM; ILL TRAUMA PATIENTS; DECREASING INCIDENCE; AIR TRANSPORT; UNITED-STATES; BLUNT TRAUMA; RESCUE TEAM; ARDS; SUPPORT AB BACKGROUND: The overall incidence and mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in civilian trauma settings have decreased over the past four decades; however, the epidemiology and impact of ARDS on modern combat casualty care are unknown. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors, resource utilization, and mortality associated with ARDS in current combat casualty care. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of mechanically ventilated US combat casualties within the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (formerly the Joint Theater Trauma Registry) during Operation Iraqi Freedom/Enduring Freedom (October 2001 to August 2008) for ARDS development, resource utilization, and mortality. RESULTS: Of 18,329 US Department of Defense Trauma Registry encounters, 4,679 (25.5%) required mechanical ventilation; ARDS was identified in 156 encounters (3.3%). On multivariate logistic regression, ARDS was independently associated with female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-5.71; p = 0.02), higher military-specific Injury Severity Score (Mil ISS) (OR, 4.18; 95% CI, 2.61-6.71; p < 0.001 for Mil ISS >= 25 vs. < 15), hypotension (admission systolic blood pressure < 90 vs. >= 90 mm Hg; OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.07-2.88; p = 0.03), and tachycardia (admission heart rate >= 90 vs. < 90 beats per minute; OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.22; p = 0.02). Explosion injury was not associated with increased risk of ARDS. Critical care resource utilization was significantly higher in ARDS patients as was all-cause hospital mortality (ARDS vs. no ARDS, 12.8% vs. 5.9%; p = 0.002). After adjustment for age, sex, injury severity, injury mechanism, Mil ISS, hypotension, tachycardia, and admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, ARDS remained an independent risk factor for death (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.12-3.52; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of modern combat casualties, ARDS risk factors included female sex, higher injury severity, hypotension, and tachycardia, but not explosion injury. Patients with ARDS also required more medical resources and were at greater risk of death compared with patients without ARDS. Thus, ARDS remains a significant complication in current combat casualty care. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Pauline K.; Napolitano, Lena M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Surg, Div Acute Care Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ye, Wen] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Holcomb, John B.] US Army Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Beninati, William] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Cannon, Jeremy W.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Cannon, Jeremy W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cannon, Jeremy W.] Univ Penn, Div Traumatol Surg Crit Care & Emergency Surg, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Houston, Div Trauma & Acute Care Surg, Houston, TX USA. [Beninati, William] Intermt Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Cannon, JW (reprint author), Penn Presbyterian Med Ctr, Div Traumatol Surg Crit Care & Emergency Surg, 51 N 39th St,MOB Suite 120, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM jeremy.cannon@uphs.upenn.edu NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 81 IS 5 SU 2 BP S150 EP S156 DI 10.1097/TA.0000000000001183 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA EF3XH UT WOS:000390257800017 PM 27768663 ER PT J AU Reyner, CJ Kiefer, AM Ariyawansa, G Duran, JM Scheihing, JE AF Reyner, Charles J. Kiefer, Arnold M. Ariyawansa, Gamini Duran, Joshua M. Scheihing, John E. TI Temperature-Dependent X-ray Diffraction Measurements of Infrared Superlattices Grown by MBE SO CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE Type-II superlattice; MWIR; infrared detectors; InAs/InAsSb; InGaAs/InAsSb; XRD; temperature dependence ID PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE; HGCDTE AB Strained-layer superlattices (SLSs) are an active research topic in the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and infrared focal plane array communities. These structures undergo a >500 K temperature change between deposition and operation. As a result, the lattice constants of the substrate and superlattice are expected to change by approximately 0.3%, and at approximately the same rate. However, we present the first temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of SLS material on GaSb and show that the superlattice does not contract in the same manner as the substrate. In both InAs/InAs0.65Sb0.35 and In0.8Ga0.2As/InAs0.65Sb0.35 SLS structures, the apparent out-of-plane strain states of the superlattices switch from tensile at deposition to compressive at operation. These changes have ramifications for material characterization, defect generation, carrier lifetime, and overall device performance of superlattices grown by MBE. C1 [Reyner, Charles J.; Kiefer, Arnold M.; Ariyawansa, Gamini; Duran, Joshua M.; Scheihing, John E.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Reyner, CJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM charles.reyner.1@us.af.mil; arnold.kiefer@us.af.mil; gamini.ariyawansa.2@us.af.mil; joshua.duran.2@us.af.mil; john.scheihing@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate under project "III-V Focal Plane Array Development Using Novel Superlattices" FX This work was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate under project "III-V Focal Plane Array Development Using Novel Superlattices", as well as recapitalization funds for the temperature dependent stage. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions from the scientists/engineers at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) by providing us with the NRL MULTIBANDS (TM) software which was critical for the design/modeling of the superlattice structures. The authors would also like to acknowledge Baolai Liang and Diana L. Huffaker for support at UCLA/CNSI MBE facility. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4352 J9 CRYSTALS JI Crystals PD NOV PY 2016 VL 6 IS 11 AR 150 DI 10.3390/cryst6110150 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Crystallography; Materials Science GA EF1SP UT WOS:000390105400014 ER PT J AU Vejar, ND Sacre, J Collao, B Perez-Donoso, J Paez, MA Pineda, F Worker, B Sancy, M AF Vejar, Nelson D. Sacre, Juan Collao, Bernardo Perez-Donoso, Jose Paez, Maritza A. Pineda, Fabiola Worker, Benjamin Sancy, Mamie TI Enhanced Corrosion of 7075 Alloy by the Presence of Bacillus megaterium SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microbiologically influenced corrosion; biocorrosion; aluminum alloy; 7075; Bacillus megaterium ID MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION; PHASE-ELEMENT PARAMETERS; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; ANTICORROSION COATINGS; BACTERIA; BEHAVIOR; SEQUENCES; MAGNESIUM; AIRCRAFT AB A Bacillus megaterium strain with corrosive properties was isolated from a bacterial community collected from the drain valve of a C130 aircraft principal fuel tank. This strain and the consortium present in the valve were studied microbiologically and electrochemically to evaluate the risk of corrosion. Aluminum alloy 7075 was used as a substrate and the corrosion behavior was studied in sterile minimal salt medium (MSM) as a function of immersion time. The isolation and characterization of the consortium by DNA sequencing showed that the bacterium with corrosive properties is closely related to B. megaterium. Electrochemical results revealed that the corrosion rate was not influenced in sterile and inoculated media with the consortium. However, a corrosive behavior was determined in presence of the isolated B. megaterium strain after 14 days immersion time. The effect might be related to interfacial local pH changes by oxygen reduction to OFF ions. Further, SEM examinations and EDX analysis of metallic samples exposure in inoculated media showed localized attacks. C1 [Vejar, Nelson D.; Worker, Benjamin] Acad Politecn Aeronaut, Fuerza Aerea Chile, Ave Jose Miguel Carrera 11087, Santiago, Chile. [Vejar, Nelson D.; Pineda, Fabiola; Sancy, Mamie] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ingn, Escuela Construcc Civil, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Sacre, Juan; Collao, Bernardo; Perez-Donoso, Jose] Univ Andres Bello, CBIB, Republ 239, Santiago, Chile. [Worker, Benjamin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, 2355 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2N225, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Paez, Maritza A.] Univ Santiago Chile, Fac Quim & Biol, Dept Quim Mat, Ave Libertador Bernardo OHiggins 3363, Santiago, Chile. RP Vejar, ND (reprint author), Acad Politecn Aeronaut, Fuerza Aerea Chile, Ave Jose Miguel Carrera 11087, Santiago, Chile.; Vejar, ND (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ingn, Escuela Construcc Civil, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. EM nevejar@uc.cl; mamiesancy@uc.cl FU Fondecyt [3140252, 1160604]; PIA-CONICYT [ACT-1412]; AFOSR [FA9550-16-1-0063] FX Nelson Vejar and Mamie Sancy thank to Fondecyt (Grants 3140252 and 1160604), PIA-CONICYT (Grant ACT-1412) and AFOSR (Grant FA9550-16-1-0063) for financial support. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ESG PI BELGRADE PA BORIVOJA STEVANOVICA 25-7, BELGRADE, 11000, SERBIA SN 1452-3981 J9 INT J ELECTROCHEM SC JI Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 11 IS 11 BP 9723 EP 9733 DI 10.20964/2016.11.33 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EE7RE UT WOS:000389819900071 ER PT J AU Ghoreyshi, M Bergeron, K Seidel, J Jirasek, A Lofthouse, AJ Cummings, RM AF Ghoreyshi, Mehdi Bergeron, Keith Seidel, Jurgen Jirasek, Adam Lofthouse, Andrew J. Cummings, Russell M. TI Prediction of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Ram-Air Parachutes SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP AIAA ID TURBULENCE MODELS; CANOPY; FLOWS AB The focus of this work is on the computational methodology for aerodynamic modeling of ram-air parachutes and increasing confidence and understanding in their concept designs including new parachute control methods. The complex geometries of ram-air parachutes are modeled by two-dimensional rigid airfoil geometries with or without trailing-edge deflections and bleed air spoilers. The aerodynamic forces are then calculated from steady or unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations using Cobalt and Kestrel flow solvers. The effects of the grid size and type, the time step, and the choice of solver parameters are investigated. The flow solvers are then used to study the flow around three-dimensional wings with open/closed ram-air inlets by comparing lift and drag coefficients with available experimental data. The results show that computational fluid dynamics simulations are a valuable aid in understanding the flow structure of ram-air parachutes, which resemble a rectangular wing with open inlets. However, the computational solutions of these geometries have initial oscillations of large amplitude and converge slowly compared to closed wings/airfoils. The simulation of open geometry should run unsteady and for a large number of time steps. It is also shown that an open-inlet geometry has smaller lift and larger drag, and it stalls earlier than a closed-inlet geometry. Although the air reaches stagnation conditions inside the cavity present in an open airfoil, the air pressure inside the wing cells is less than the stagnation pressure. The flow investigations show that eddies are formed on the lower surface of the open airfoil and wings; however, the wing eddy size varies in the spanwise direction. Finally, the grid sensitivity results show that the solutions of open geometries are very sensitive to the grid quality. C1 [Ghoreyshi, Mehdi; Jirasek, Adam; Lofthouse, Andrew J.; Cummings, Russell M.] US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Seidel, Jurgen] US Air Force Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Bergeron, Keith] US Army, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Ghoreyshi, Mehdi; Bergeron, Keith; Seidel, Jurgen; Jirasek, Adam; Lofthouse, Andrew J.; Cummings, Russell M.] AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Ghoreyshi, M (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.; Ghoreyshi, M (reprint author), AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1802 EP 1820 DI 10.2514/1.C033763 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EF1PP UT WOS:000390097300020 ER PT J AU Bryson, DE Marks, CR Miller, RM Rumpfkeil, MP AF Bryson, Dean E. Marks, Christopher R. Miller, Ryanm M. Rumpfkeil, Markus P. TI Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Quiet, Hybrid-Electric Small Unmanned Aerial Systems SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference / AIAA Aviation and Aeronautics Forum and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP AIAA C1 [Bryson, Dean E.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, AFRL RQVC, 2130 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Marks, Christopher R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, AFRL RQTT, 2130 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Miller, Ryanm M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, AFRL RQQE, 2130 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rumpfkeil, Markus P.] Univ Dayton, 300 Coll Park, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Bryson, DE (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, AFRL RQVC, 2130 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1959 EP 1963 DI 10.2514/1.C033455 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EF1PP UT WOS:000390097300033 ER PT J AU Reichman, BO Downing, JM Aubert, A Gee, KL Neilsen, TB McKinley, RL Wall, AT James, MM AF Reichman, Brent O. Downing, J. Micah Aubert, Allan Gee, Kent L. Neilsen, Tracianne B. McKinley, Richard L. Wall, Alan T. James, Michael M. TI Acoustical Environment During F-35B Vertical Landing Operations SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Dallas, TX SP AIAA, CEAS C1 [Reichman, Brent O.; Gee, Kent L.; Neilsen, Tracianne B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N283 ESC, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Downing, J. Micah; James, Michael M.] Blue Ridge Res & Consulting LLC, 29 North Market St,Suite 700, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Aubert, Allan] US Navy, Naval Air Syst Command, NAVAIR Prop & Power, Bldg 106,Room 229c,22195 Elmer Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [McKinley, Richard L.; Wall, Alan T.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Battlespace Acoust Branch, 2610 Seventh St,Bldg 441, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Reichman, BO (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N283 ESC, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1975 EP 1977 DI 10.2514/1.C033533 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EF1PP UT WOS:000390097300036 ER PT J AU Engel, MA Kress, BT Hudson, MK Selesnick, RS AF Engel, M. A. Kress, B. T. Hudson, M. K. Selesnick, R. S. TI Comparison of Van Allen Probes radiation belt proton data with test particle simulation for the 17 March 2015 storm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD LINE CURVATURE; MULTISATELLITE OBSERVATIONS; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; MAGNETOSPHERE; SCATTERING; MOTION AB The loss of protons in the outer part of the inner radiation belt (L= 2 to 3) during the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm was investigated using test particle simulations that follow full Lorentz trajectories with both magnetic and electric fields calculated from an empirical model. The simulation results presented here are compared with proton pitch angle measurements from the Van Allen Probe satellites Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) instrument before and after the coronal mass ejection-shock-driven storm of 17-18 March 2015, with minimum Dst=-223 nT, the strongest storm of Solar Cycle 24, for four different energy ranges with 30, 38, 50, and 66 MeV mean energies. Two simulations have been run, one with an inductive electric field and one without. All four energy channels show good agreement with the Van Allen Probes REPT measurements for low L (L<2.4) in both simulations but diverge for higher L values. The inclusion of the inductive electric field, calculated from the time-changing magnetic field, significantly improves the agreement between simulation and REPT measurements at L>2.4. A previous study using the Highly Elliptical Orbiter 3 spacecraft also showed improved agreement when including the inductive electric field but was unable to compare effects on the pitch angle distributions. C1 [Engel, M. A.; Hudson, M. K.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Kress, B. T.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Selesnick, R. S.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Engel, MA (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM milesengel@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [AGS-102333, ATM-0921979]; JHU/APL under NASA [NAS5-01072]; ECT from UNH [967399] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant AGS-102333 and JHU/APL under NASA prime contract NAS5-01072, with work at Dartmouth supported under ECT (967399) subcontract from UNH. Solar wind parameters are obtained from CDAWeb http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov. Dst data are provided by J.H. King, N. Papatashvilli at ADNET, NASA GSFC, and CDAWeb http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov. Van Allen Probes REPT level 1 data were obtained from REPT team lead Daniel Baker; to access these data, please contact the REPT lead daniel.baker@lasp.colorado.edu. Computations were performed on the Dartmouth Discovery Cluster. Support for this work was also provided by National Science Foundation award ATM-0921979. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 121 IS 11 BP 11035 EP 11041 DI 10.1002/2016JA023333 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF5XO UT WOS:000390403400027 ER PT J AU Shedlock, K Susi, A Gorman, GH Hisle-Gorman, E Erdie-Lalena, CR Nylund, CM AF Shedlock, Katherine Susi, Apryl Gorman, Gregory H. Hisle-Gorman, Elizabeth Erdie-Lalena, Christine R. Nylund, Cade M. TI Autism Spectrum Disorders and Metabolic Complications of Obesity SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; ANTIPSYCHOTICS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; HEALTH AB Objectives To assess for an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Additionally, to determine the rates of prescribed treatment for obesity-related metabolic disorders and to determine whether treatment with psychotropic medications is associated with the development of obesity for children with ASD. Study design A retrospective 1:5 case-control study was performed by use of the Military Health System database from October 2000 to September 2013. For children with ASD and matched controls, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes for obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and prescriptions were obtained. Conditional logistic regression determined ORs and 95% CIs. Results A total of 48 762 individuals with ASD and 243 810 matched controls were identified. Children with ASD had significantly greater odds of having obesity (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.78-1.92), having obesity-related disorders, and being prescribed a medication when they had these diseases. In children with ASD, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, antiepileptic drugs, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were associated with obesity. Conclusions Children with ASD have an increased risk of obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. They are more likely to be prescribed medications to treat these complications, suggesting they may have more severe disease. There is a significant association between the use of some psychotropic categories and a diagnosis of obesity, suggesting that obesity in children with ASD may be partially iatrogenic. C1 [Shedlock, Katherine; Erdie-Lalena, Christine R.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. [Susi, Apryl; Gorman, Gregory H.; Hisle-Gorman, Elizabeth; Nylund, Cade M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shedlock, K (reprint author), Mike OCallaghan Fed Med Ctr Nellis AFB, Dept Pediat, 4700 N Las Vegas Blvd, Nellis AFB, NV 89191 USA. EM katherine.shedlock.1@us.af.mil OI Nylund, Cade/0000-0003-4543-6804 FU Congressional Directed Medical Research Programs (Autism Research Award) [AR110173] FX Supported by the Congressional Directed Medical Research Programs (Autism Research Award AR110173). This work was prepared as part of our official US government duties. The views expressed in this article, however, are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US Air Force, the US Navy, the Department of Defense, or the US Government. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 178 BP 183 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.07.055 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA EF0ON UT WOS:000390025400034 PM 27592097 ER PT J AU Simmons, JO Meyers, EJ Lien, W Banfield, RL Roberts, HW Vandewalle, KS AF Simmons, Jennifer O. Meyers, Erik J. Lien, Wen Banfield, Rosalia L. Roberts, Howard W. Vandewalle, Kraig S. TI Effect of surface treatments on the mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity of desiccated glass ionomers SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Glass ionomers; Surface treatment; Desiccation; Mechanical properties; Antimicrobial activity ID AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS; FLUORIDE RELEASE; COMPOSITE RESIN; IN-VITRO; CEMENT; CHLORHEXIDINE; CARIES; RESTORATIONS AB Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various surface treatments on the mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of desiccated glass-ionomer (GI) and resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) materials. Methods. One hundred GI and RMGI specimens were fabricated in a mold, stored in 100% humidity for 24h, placed in air to desiccate for 24h, and then stored for one week in one of the five media [casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), chlorhexidine (CHX), sodium fluoride (NaF), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), or 100% humidity (control)]. Fifty GI and RMGI specimens were tested in flexure to determine flexural strength and modulus, with the fragments used for Knoop hardness testing. The remaining 50 GI and RMGI specimens were covered with a suspension of Streptococcus mutans and incubated for 24 h. The bacterial suspension was removed and the specimens were washed. Sterile saline was added, vortex mixed, serially diluted, and plated. CFU/mLs were calculated after 3 days of incubation. Results. Compared to the 100% humidity control group, surface treatment of the desiccated GI and RMGI materials had a variable effect on the mechanical properties. In general, NaF provided the greatest improvement in flexural strength and modulus. Surface treatment of the desiccated GI or RMGI specimens with CHX or CPC resulted in no growth of the S. mutans. NaF resulted in significantly lower CFU/mL than CPP-ACP, which was significantly lower than the control group. Significance. Surface treatment with 5% NaF provides improved antimicrobial and strength properties of desiccated GI or RMGI materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Academy of Dental Materials. C1 [Simmons, Jennifer O.; Meyers, Erik J.; Vandewalle, Kraig S.] US Air Force, 1615 Truemper St, Joint Base San Antonio L, TX 78236 USA. [Lien, Wen] US Air Force, 3650 Chambers Pass, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78023 USA. [Banfield, Rosalia L.] US Air Force, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Joint Base San Antonio, TX 78233 USA. [Roberts, Howard W.] US Air Force, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. [Simmons, Jennifer O.] US Air Force, 340 Magnolia Cir, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. [Meyers, Erik J.] US Air Force, 307 Boatner Rd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Vandewalle, KS (reprint author), US Air Force, 1615 Truemper St, Joint Base San Antonio L, TX 78236 USA. EM jennifer.simmons.12@us.af.mil; erik.meyers.1.ctr@us.af.mil; wen.lien.mil@mail.mil; rosalia.banfield@us.af.mil; howard.roberts@us.af.mil; kraig.vandewalle.3@us.af.mil FU Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, Joint-Base Lackland, TX FX This protocol was approved and funded by Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, Joint-Base Lackland, TX. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0109-5641 EI 1879-0097 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1343 EP 1351 DI 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.214 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA EE3RX UT WOS:000389516300009 PM 27613394 ER PT J AU Axelsen, VR Owais, AI Qian, F Perigo, CL Weber-Gasparoni, K AF Axelsen, Vanessa R. Owais, Arwa I. Qian, Fang Perigo, Cameron L. Weber-Gasparoni, Karin TI Bedsharing and Oral Health-related Feeding Behaviors Among Zero- to Three-year-old Children SO PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE BEDSHARING; NIGHTTIME FEEDING; CARIES RISK ID POSITION; MOTHERS; RISK AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between bedsharing and oral health-related feeding behaviors among zero- to three-year-old children. Methods: Data were collected from records of children attending the :University of Iowa's Infant Oral Health Program (1998 to 2009), including maternal demographics, children's nighttime dietary practices, bedsharing habits, methods to help children sleep, and clinical evidence of plaque and caries. Statistical analyses utilized bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Results: Mother-child dyads (N equals 629) who either bedshared every night (N equals 273) or did not bedshare (N equals 356) were included. Of the 629 children (mean +/- standard deviation [SD] age equals 21.6 +/- 12.1 months), 51 percent were male, 50 percent were nonwhite, and 72 percent lived with both parents. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children who bedshared were more likely to be healthy (OR equals 6.78; P=.008), older (OR equals 1.56; P=.007), nonwhite (OR equals 2.96; P<.001), live with a single mother (OR equals 3.41; P<.001), breastfed throughout the night (OR equals 433; P<.001), and bottle-fed and breastfed to help them sleep (OR equals 234; P=.03; OR equals 3.27; P=.03, respectively). Moreover, these children were more likely to be in the high caries-risk category (OR equals 2.19; P=.01). Conclusions: Bedsharing was significantly associated with the child's health status, age, race, nighttime feeding habits, and high caries-risk and with whom the child lived. Caries preventive measures should be targeted to mother-child dyads who bedshare. C1 [Owais, Arwa I.; Weber-Gasparoni, Karin] Univ Iowa, Coll Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Qian, Fang] Univ Iowa, Div Biostat & Res, Iowa City, IA USA. [Perigo, Cameron L.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Owais, AI (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM arwa-owais@uiowa.edu FU Delta Dental of Iowa Foundation, Johnston, Iowa, USA; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa FX The authors wish to thank the Delta Dental of Iowa Foundation, Johnston, Iowa, USA, and the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, for their support, as well as Mike Axelsen and Philip Riley, students at the University of Iowa, for time spent on data entry. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVENUE SUITE 1036, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2616 USA SN 0164-1263 EI 1942-5473 J9 PEDIATR DENT JI Pediatr. Dent. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 38 IS 7 BP 477 EP 483 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Pediatrics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Pediatrics GA EE8IQ UT WOS:000389869300005 PM 28281951 ER PT J AU Kandel, SR Chiluwal, S Jiang, ZF Tang, YT Roland, PJ Subedi, K Dimick, DM Moroz, P Zamkov, M Ellingson, R Hu, JJ Voevodin, AA Sun, LF AF Kandel, Shreedhar R. Chiluwal, Shailendra Jiang, Zhoufeng Tang, Yiteng Roland, Paul J. Subedi, Kamal Dimick, Douglas M. Moroz, Pavel Zamkov, Mikhail Ellingson, Randy Hu, Jianjun Voevodin, Andrey A. Sun, Liangfeng TI One-dimensional growth of colloidal PbSe nanorods in chloroalkanes SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE lead selenide; nanorods; chloroalkanes; growth; photoluminescence ID HIGH THERMOELECTRIC PERFORMANCE; MULTIPLE-EXCITON GENERATION; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ORIENTED ATTACHMENT; LEAD SELENIDE; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CARRIER MULTIPLICATION; AUGER RECOMBINATION; SHAPE-EVOLUTION; ASPECT RATIO AB Catalyst-free, one-pot synthesis of colloidal PbSe nanorods is demonstrated. The co-solvent chloroalkanes play a critical role in driving a one-dimensional growth of PbSe nanorods. The formation of the nanorod is likely governed by the anisotropic growth of the crystal due to the different reactivity of the facets. The photoluminescence quantum yield of the nanorods is above 25%, indicating well-passivated surfaces. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Kandel, Shreedhar R.; Chiluwal, Shailendra; Jiang, Zhoufeng; Tang, Yiteng; Subedi, Kamal; Dimick, Douglas M.; Moroz, Pavel; Zamkov, Mikhail; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Jiang, Zhoufeng; Tang, Yiteng; Moroz, Pavel; Zamkov, Mikhail; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Roland, Paul J.; Ellingson, Randy] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Sch Solar & Adv Renewable Energy, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Hu, Jianjun; Voevodin, Andrey A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Voevodin, Andrey A.] Univ North Texas, Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.; Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM sun@bgsu.edu FU Office of the Vice President for Research & Economic Development, Bowling Green State University; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; U.S. Air Force Research Lab Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9453-08-C-0172, FA9453-11-C0253]; Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization; NSF [CBET-1510503] FX The work is partially supported with funding provided by the Office of the Vice President for Research & Economic Development, Bowling Green State University. Acknowledgement is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research. L. Sun thanks the funding provided by the U.S. Air Force Research Lab Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. We thank Dr. Wenqi Zhao for her help on the manuscript preparation. We thank Charles Codding (machine shop) and Doug Martin (electronic shop) for their technical assistance at BGSU. The authors thank Joseph G. Lawrence for his help on the TEM measurements at the University of Toledo. P. Roland and R. Ellingson gratefully acknowledge support of the Air Force Research Laboratory under contracts FA9453-08-C-0172 and FA9453-11-C0253. R. Ellingson acknowledges additional support from startup funds provided by the Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization. MZ gratefully acknowledges NSF Award CBET-1510503 for financial support. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6254 EI 1862-6270 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 10 IS 11 BP 833 EP 837 DI 10.1002/pssr.201600278 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ED9OM UT WOS:000389201700010 ER PT J AU Premathilaka, SM Jiang, ZF Antu, A Leffler, J Hu, JJ Roy, A Sun, LF AF Premathilaka, Shashini M. Jiang, Zhoufeng Antu, Antara Leffler, Joey Hu, Jianjun Roy, Ajit Sun, Liangfeng TI A robust method for the synthesis of colloidal PbS nanosheets SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE lead sulphide; nanosheets; acetic acid; robust synthesis ID ORIENTED ATTACHMENT; QUANTUM-WELLS; NANOPLATELETS; NANOCRYSTALS; LIGAND; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; NANORIBBONS; FABRICATION; THICKNESS AB In the synthesis of colloidal PbS nanosheets, acetic acid either injected externally or produced during the reaction has a significant effect on the growth of the nanosheets. When the acetic acid to lead molar ratio is above 1 : 8, no nanosheets are observed in the product. By replacing lead acetate with lead oxide to prepare the lead precursor for the reaction, the effect of acetic acid is avoided, resulting in a robust synthesis with nearly 100% success rate. In the new synthesis, the purity of trioctylphosphine (the co-solvent for sulfur precursor) has no significant effect on the formation of nanosheets. Thickness tunability is achieved in the acetate-free synthesis by tuning the reaction temperature.(C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Premathilaka, Shashini M.; Jiang, Zhoufeng; Antu, Antara; Leffler, Joey; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Premathilaka, Shashini M.; Jiang, Zhoufeng; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Hu, Jianjun; Roy, Ajit] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.; Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM sun@bgsu.edu FU Office of the Vice President for Research & Economic Development, Bowling Green State University; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program FX The work is partially supported with funding provided by the Office of the Vice President for Research & Economic Development, Bowling Green State University. Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research. L. Sun thanks the funding provided by the U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. We thank Charles Codding (machine shop) and Doug Martin (electronic shop) for their technical assistance at BGSU. The authors thank Joseph G. Lawrence for his help on the TEM measurements at the University of Toledo. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6254 EI 1862-6270 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 10 IS 11 BP 838 EP 842 DI 10.1002/pssr.201600294 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ED9OM UT WOS:000389201700011 ER PT J AU Hassan, E Peterson, DM Walters, K Luke, EA AF Hassan, Ez Peterson, David. M. Walters, Keith Luke, Edward A. TI Dynamic Hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes/Large-Eddy Simulation of a Supersonic Cavity SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting / AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition CY JAN 04-08, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP AIAA ID CROSS-FLOW; INJECTION; COMBUSTION; MODELS AB A Mach 2 experimental supersonic cavity is simulated using a novel dynamic hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large-eddy simulation modeling framework. The model is extended to include multispecies transport and diffusion and is coupled to an advanced low-dissipation numerical scheme. The simulations correspond to a series of experiments for which particle image velocimetry measurements of two velocity components were made within the cavity, as well as fuel concentration measurements. Results are presented and compared with experimental measurements and to simulations made using the improved delayed detached eddy simulation model. The current model is able to predict mean and fluctuating quantities in a manner more consistent with the experiment, suggesting potential improvement over more traditional hybrid models. C1 [Hassan, Ez] Air Force Res Lab, RQHP, 2130 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Peterson, David. M.] Innovative Sci Solutions Inc, RQHF, 2130 8th St, Dayton, OH 45459 USA. [Walters, Keith] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Luke, Edward A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Hassan, E (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, RQHP, 2130 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 EI 1533-3876 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV PY 2016 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1352 DI 10.2514/1.B36132 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EC0QS UT WOS:000387806300005 ER PT J AU Cliver, EW Ling, AG AF Cliver, E. W. Ling, A. G. TI The Discontinuity Circa 1885 in the Group Sunspot Number SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun; Sunspots; Sunspot number ID SOLAR-ACTIVITY RECONSTRUCTION; RECORD; CYCLE AB On average, the international sunspot number (R-I) is 44 % higher than the group sunspot number (R-G) from 1885 to the beginning of the R-I series in 1700. This is the principal difference between R-I and R-G. Here we show that this difference is primarily due to an inhomogeneity in the Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO) record of sunspot groups (1874 - 1976) used to derive observer normalization factors (called k-factors) for R-G. Specifically, annual RGO group counts increase relative to those of Wolfer and other long-term observers from 1876 - 1915. A secondary contributing cause is that the k-factors for observers who began observing before 1884 and overlapped with RGO for any years during 1874 - 1883 were not based on direct comparison with RGO but were calculated using one or more intermediary or additional observers. We introduce R-GC by rectifying the RGO group counts from 1874 - 1915 and basing k-factors on direct comparison with RGO across the 1885 discontinuity, which brings the R-G and R-I series into reasonable agreement for the 1841 - 1885 interval (after correcting R-I for an inhomogeneity from 1849 - 1867 (to give R-IC)). Comparison with an independently derived backbone-based reconstruction of R-G (R-BB) indicates that R-GC overcorrects R-BB by 4 % on average from 1841 - 1925. Our analysis suggests that the maxima of Cycles 10 (in 1860), 12 (1883/1884), and 13 (1893) in the R-IC series are too low by approximate to 10 %. C1 [Cliver, E. W.] Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Cliver, E. W.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Ling, A. G.] Atmospher Environm Res, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Cliver, EW (reprint author), Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.; Cliver, EW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM ecliver@nso.edu FU AFRL [FA9453-12-C-0231] FX Ed Cliver acknowledges helpful discussions with Leif Svalgaard, Frederic Clette, and Laure Lefevre. We thank David Willis and Matthew Wild and an unidentified referee for helpful comments. Alan Ling acknowledges support from AFRL contract FA9453-12-C-0231. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 291 IS 9-10 BP 2763 EP 2784 DI 10.1007/s11207-015-0841-6 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED4SV UT WOS:000388842600014 ER PT J AU Balasubramaniam, KS Henry, TW AF Balasubramaniam, K. S. Henry, T. W. TI Sunspot Numbers from ISOON: A Ten-Year Data Analysis SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sunspots; Solar cycle; Sunspot numbers AB Sunspot numbers are important tracers of historical solar activity. They are important in predicting the oncoming solar maximum, in the design of lifetimes of space assets, and in assessing the extent of solar-radiation impact on the space environment. Historically, sunspot numbers have been obtained visually from sunspot drawings. The availability of digital images from the US Air Force Improved Solar Optical Observing Network (ISOON) prototype telescope concurrent to observer-dependent sunspot numbers recorded at the National Solar Observatory (NSO) has provided a basis for comparing sunspot numbers determined from the two methods. We compare sunspot numbers from visual and digital methods observed nearly simultaneously. The advantages of digital imagery are illustrated. C1 [Balasubramaniam, K. S.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Henry, T. W.] Air Force Res Lab, Boston Coll, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Balasubramaniam, KS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM ks.bala@yahoo.com FU Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research; AFRL FX This work was supported by the Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL) and The Air Force Office of Scientific Research; AFRL. We are grateful to Donald Neidig and numerous members of joint AFRL-NSO ISOON Team, the AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate, and the NSO for developing and operating the ISOON prototype telescope for a decade and preserving its data. Particularly, Neidig's insights into calibration of the data and into sunspot-counting techniques have inspired this article. We thank Ed Cliver, Frederic Clette, Leif Svalgaard, and numerous colleagues for sustaining the important sunspot-number research through these workshops. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 291 IS 9-10 BP 3123 EP 3138 DI 10.1007/s11207-016-0874-5 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED4SV UT WOS:000388842600034 ER PT J AU Chen, H Liu, L Novlan, T Matyjas, JD Ng, BL Zhang, J AF Chen, Hao Liu, Lingjia Novlan, Thomas Matyjas, John D. Ng, Boon Loong Zhang, Jianzhong TI Spatial Spectrum Sensing-Based Device-to-Device Cellular Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Spatial spectrum sensing; device-to-device cellular networks; 5G; stochastic geometry ID COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; AGGREGATE INTERFERENCE; D2D COMMUNICATION; POWER-CONTROL; EFFICIENCY; SCHEME; USERS AB Ultra-densification is one of the main features of 5G networks. In an ultra-dense network, how to conduct interference management and spectrum allocation is a challenging issue. Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks is a distributed and efficient way to resolve this issue in ultra-dense networks. However, most of the studies on spectrum sensing only focus on sensing temporal spectrum opportunities where one or multiple primary users are active, which does not make full use of spectrum opportunities in the spatial location domain. To overcome the shortcomings of conventional temporal spectrum sensing, we study the problem of spatial spectrum sensing, which senses spatial spectrum opportunities in wireless networks. In this paper, the performance of spatial spectrum sensing and its application in sensing-based device-to-device (D2D) cellular networks are analyzed using stochastic geometry. Specifically, by modeling the locations of active transmitters as a Poisson point process, the spatial spectrum sensing problem is formulated using the framework of a detection theory. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the sensing threshold, probabilities of spatial detection, and false alarm. Furthermore, analytical throughput for D2D users and cellular users under both channel inversion and constant power allocation cases are derived. The optimal sensing radius that maximizes the defined network metric is obtained numerically. Finally, the simulation and numerical results are presented to verify our theoretical analysis. C1 [Chen, Hao; Liu, Lingjia] Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Novlan, Thomas; Ng, Boon Loong] Samsung Res Amer, Stand & Mobil Innovat Lab, Richardson, TX 75082 USA. [Matyjas, John D.] US Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. RP Liu, L (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM lingjialiu@ittc.ku.edu FU NSF [ECCS-1509514] FX The work of H. Chen and L. Liu was supported by NSF under Grant ECCS-1509514. Approved for Public Release. Case 88ABW-2015-3346. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was T. M. Lok. (Corresponding author: Lingjia Liu.) NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 EI 1558-2248 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 15 IS 11 BP 7299 EP 7313 DI 10.1109/TWC.2016.2600561 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA ED2LA UT WOS:000388674700007 ER PT J AU Fagley, C Seidel, J McLaughlin, T AF Fagley, Casey Seidel, Jurgen McLaughlin, Thomas TI Cyber-physical flexible wing for aeroelastic investigations of stall and classical flutter SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Dynamic aeroelasticity; Stall flutter; Classical flutter; Cyber-physical system ID ASPECT-RATIO WINGS; FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; LIMIT-CYCLE OSCILLATIONS; PITCHING PLATE; AIRFOIL; BEHAVIOR; TUNNEL AB The fluid-structure interactions of a finite aspect ratio, cantilevered, flexible wing were investigated using a cyber-physical system to virtually augment the torsional dynamics of the wing. Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which have recently been pursued by a small number of research groups, have proven to be a very useful mechanism to interrogate the fluid-structure interaction parameter space. The premise of a CPS is to use dynamic feedback control to make a system behave according to desired equations of motion. Systems are composed of embedded hardware and software coupled with real-time computing to give the user the flexibility to quickly explore a range of structural parameters. With the advancement of modern control theory, robotics and embedded systems, CPSs integrate both simulation and physical properties into a smart structure which can be used to push the boundaries of research investigations. The CPS in this work allows for the investigation of dynamic aeroelastic instabilities of a three-dimensional, flexible, rectangular planform wing. Two dynamic instability regimes are observed: first, stall flutter, in which the torsional or pitch mode is excited through the dynamic stall process, and second, coupled (or classical) flutter, in which the pitch mode couples with the bending mode. By varying the torsional stiffness and therefore the frequency of torsional versus bending oscillations of the wing, both of these regimes can be attained at the same aerodynamic conditions using the CPS. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fagley, Casey; Seidel, Jurgen; McLaughlin, Thomas] US Air Force Acad, Dept Aeronaut, 2410 Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Fagley, C (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Aeronaut, 2410 Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM casey.fagley@usafa.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research Flow Control and Interaction portfolio; US Air Force Academy [FA7000-13-2-0002, FA7000-13-2-0009] FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from Dr. Douglas Smith through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Flow Control and Interaction portfolio. The authors also acknowledge Dr. John Farnsworth and Dr. James Buccholtz for fruitful discussions and collaborations in the area of flow control of dynamic aeroelasticity.; This material is based on research sponsored by the US Air Force Academy under agreement numbers FA7000-13-2-0002 and FA7000-13-2-0009. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0889-9746 J9 J FLUID STRUCT JI J. Fluids Struct. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 67 BP 34 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2016.07.021 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA ED3WI UT WOS:000388778800003 ER PT J AU Peana, M Medici, S Pangburn, HA Lamkin, TJ Ostrowska, M Gumienna-Kontecka, E Zoroddu, MA AF Peana, Massimiliano Medici, Serenella Pangburn, Heather A. Lamkin, Thomas J. Ostrowska, Malgorzata Gumienna-Kontecka, Elzbieta Zoroddu, Maria Antonietta TI Manganese binding to antioxidant peptides involved in extreme radiation resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Peptides; Radiation resistance; Deinococcus radiodurans ID OXIDATIVE STRESS RESISTANCE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE GENES; D-AMINO-ACID; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MN2+ SPECIATION; GAMMA-RADIATION; ZINC-BINDING; FRAGMENT; MN(II); PROTEINS AB A decapeptide, DEHGTAVMLK (DP1), and its random scrambled version, THMVLAKGED (DP2), have been studied for their interactions with manganese. The amino acid composition of the peptides was selected to include the majority of the most prevalent amino acids present in a Deinococcus radiodurans bacterium cell-free extract that contains components capable of conferring extreme resistance to ionizing radiation. The extract appears to be rich in Mn(II) complexes which seem to be responsible for protecting proteins from Reactive Oxygen Species damage. We focused our attention on the interaction of the decapeptides with Mn(II) ion with the aim of obtaining information on the possible complexes formed, by using NMR, EPR, and ESI-MS techniques. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Peana, Massimiliano; Medici, Serenella; Zoroddu, Maria Antonietta] Univ Sassari, Dept Chem & Pharm, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Pangburn, Heather A.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Dept Aeromed Res, STS, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Lamkin, Thomas J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711th HPW RHXBC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ostrowska, Malgorzata; Gumienna-Kontecka, Elzbieta] Univ Wroclaw, Fac Chem, PL-50138 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Peana, M; Zoroddu, MA (reprint author), Univ Sassari, Dept Chem & Pharm, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. EM peana@uniss.it; zoroddu@uniss.it OI Zoroddu, Maria Antonietta/0000-0001-9583-4750; Peana, Massimiliano Francesco/0000-0002-3306-0419 FU Regione Autonoma Sardegna, "Promozione della ricerca scientifica e dell'innovazione tecnologica in Sardegna" program [L.R.7/2007, CRP 26712]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Natural Materials, Systems and Extremophiles Program [RH02COR] FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from Regione Autonoma Sardegna L.R.7/2007, "Promozione della ricerca scientifica e dell'innovazione tecnologica in Sardegna" program, project CRP 26712.; We also gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Natural Materials, Systems and Extremophiles Program and Program Director Dr. Hugh DeLong; contract # RH02COR (to T.J.L.). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0162-0134 EI 1873-3344 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 164 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.08.012 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ED5SD UT WOS:000388911700007 PM 27637368 ER PT J AU Ashokkumar, CR York, GWP Gruber, SF AF Ashokkumar, Chimpalthradi R. York, George W. P. Gruber, Scott F. TI Nonlinear trajectory transcriptions for aircraft loss of control recovery SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART I-JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND CONTROL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Linear controllers; switching; nonlinear trajectories; transcriptions; regenerative aircraft; loss of control corrections ID GAIN-SCHEDULED CONTROL; ASSIGNMENT AB Aircraft loss of control may occur when the interpolated gain set is such that it destabilizes the linear aircraft. That is, when linear aircraft is not asymptotically stable, the nonlinear aircraft loss of control occurs. Even in cases where interpolation stabilizes the linear aircraft, loss of control may also occur when the gains are not reconfigured within the stability region associated with the controller. Hence, understanding nonlinear aircraft navigation and control algorithms using such controllers that originate from various linear design methods becomes a challenging problem. It prompts to simulate the nonlinear aircraft trajectories within the distorted stability regions of the linear controllers interpolated when each one of them is designed to regulate an equilibrium (or trim) point. In this article, the gain interpolation parameter that would lead to loss of control is presented. Then, techniques to avert the loss of control using nonlinear trajectory transcriptions are presented. A 3-degree-of-freedom aircraft model of Langelaan is considered for illustrations. C1 [Ashokkumar, Chimpalthradi R.; York, George W. P.; Gruber, Scott F.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Unmanned Aircraft Syst Res, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Ashokkumar, CR (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Unmanned Aircraft Syst Res, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM chimpalthradi@gmail.com NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0959-6518 EI 2041-3041 J9 P I MECH ENG I-J SYS JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part I-J Syst Control Eng. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 230 IS 10 BP 1145 EP 1153 DI 10.1177/0959651816675520 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA ED7OF UT WOS:000389055200006 ER PT J AU Guina, J AF Guina, Jeffrey TI Changes to the Definition of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the DSM-5 SO JAMA PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES; CRITERIA; PTSD C1 [Guina, Jeffrey] Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Guina, Jeffrey] Wright State Univ, Dept Psychiat, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Guina, J (reprint author), Wright Patterson Med Ctr Mental Hlth, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jeffrey.guina@wright.edu OI Guina, Jeffrey/0000-0002-8829-1951 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-622X EI 2168-6238 J9 JAMA PSYCHIAT JI JAMA Psychiatry PD NOV PY 2016 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1201 EP 1202 DI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.1671 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA EC2GJ UT WOS:000387927400019 PM 27732716 ER PT J AU Shcherbin, K Gvozdovskyy, I Evans, DR AF Shcherbin, Konstantin Gvozdovskyy, Igor Evans, Dean R. TI Optimization of the liquid crystal light valve for signal beam amplification SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB A liquid crystal light valve is an optically controlled spatial light modulator made as a cell with liquid crystal on a photoconductive substrate. Dynamic holograms recorded in such a hybrid device may give rise to the amplification of one of the recording beams at the expense of the other. In the present work, liquid crystal light valves with different thicknesses of the liquid crystal layer are studied at various conditions of the dynamic grating recording aiming to maximize the signal beam amplification in the infrared. A seventeen-fold gain is achieved in the improved cell for optimal recording conditions. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Shcherbin, Konstantin; Gvozdovskyy, Igor] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Prospekt Nauki 46, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Evans, Dean R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Shcherbin, K (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Prospekt Nauki 46, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. EM kshcherb@iop.kiev.ua FU European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (EOARD) [11-8006]; Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU) [P585] FX European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (EOARD) (11-8006); Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU) (P585). NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD NOV 1 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 11 BP 3670 EP 3675 DI 10.1364/OME.6.003670 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EB7JI UT WOS:000387562700030 ER PT J AU Miller, WS Rice, CA Hager, GD Rotondaro, MD Berriche, H Perram, GP AF Miller, Wooddy S. Rice, Christopher A. Hager, Gordon D. Rotondaro, Mathew D. Berriche, Hamid Perram, Glen P. TI High pressure line shapes of the Rb D-1 and D-2 lines for He-4 and He-3 collisions SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Line shape; Rubidium; Asymmetric broadening; Potentials ID SPIN-ORBIT INTERACTION; ATOMIC SPECTRAL-LINES; DER-WAALS SYSTEM; RUBIDIUM LASER; NOBLE-GASES; RARE-GASES; BUFFER GAS; ALKALI; POTENTIALS; SHIFT AB Line shapes for the Rb D-1 (5(2)S(1/2) <-> 5(2)P(1/2)) and D2 (5(2)S(1/2) <-> 5(2)P(3/2)) transitions with He-4 and He-3 collisions at pressures of 500-15,000 Torr and temperatures of 333-533 K have been experimentally observed and compared to predictions from the Anderson-Talman theory. The ground X-2 Sigma(+)(1/2) and excited A(2)Pi(1/2), A(2)Pi(3/2), and B-2 Sigma(+)(1/2) potential energy surfaces required for the line shape predictions have been calculated using a one-electron pseudo-potential technique. The observed collision induced shift rates for He-4 are dramatically higher for the D-1 line, 4.60 +/- 0.12 MHz/Torr, than the D-2 line, 0.20 +/- 0.14 MHz/Torr. The asymmetry is somewhat larger for the D-1 line and has the same sign as the shifting rate. The He-3 broadening rate for the D-2 line is 4% larger than the He-4 rate, and 14% higher for the D-1 line, reflecting the higher relative speed. The calculated broadening rates are systematically larger than the observed rates by 1.1-3.2 MHz/Torr and agree within 14%. The primary focus of the current work is to characterize the high pressure line shapes, focusing on the non-Lorentzian features far from line center. In the far wing, the cross-section decreases by more than 4 orders of magnitude, with a broad, secondary maximum in the D-2 line near 735 nm. The potentials do not require empirical modification to provide excellent quantitative agreement with the observations. The dipole moment variation and absorption Boltzmann factor is critical to obtaining strong agreement in the wings. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Miller, Wooddy S.; Rice, Christopher A.; Hager, Gordon D.; Rotondaro, Mathew D.; Perram, Glen P.] US Air Force, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Berriche, Hamid] Univ Monastir, Fac Sci, Lab Interfaces & Adv Mat, Ave Environm, Monastir 5019, Tunisia. [Berriche, Hamid] Amer Univ Ras Al Khaimah, Sch Arts & Sci, Math & Nat Sci Dept, POB, Ras Al Khaymah 10021, U Arab Emirates. [Rice, Christopher A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Perram, GP (reprint author), US Air Force, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Wooddy.S.Miller.mil@mail.mil; Christopher.Rice@afit.edu; drydoc12@comcast.net; rotondam@gmail.com; hamidberriche@yahoo.fr; glen.perram@afit.edu FU Window on Science grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported in part by a Window on Science grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 184 BP 118 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.06.027 PG 17 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA EA9RL UT WOS:000386982300013 ER PT J AU Gillette, C Buck, R DuVall, N Cushen, S Wajdowicz, M Roberts, H AF Gillette, C. Buck, R. DuVall, N. Cushen, S. Wajdowicz, M. Roberts, H. TI Premolar Axial Wall Height Effect on CAD/CAM Crown Retention SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID REPORTING NUMERIC VALUES; LUTING AGENTS; BITE FORCES; RESISTANCE; STRENGTH; FATIGUE; TAPER; LOAD; FORM AB Objective: To evaluate the significance of reduced axial wall height on retention of adhesively luted, all-ceramic, lithium disilicate premolar computer-aided design/computeraided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns based on preparations with a near ideal total occlusal convergence of 10 degrees. Methods: Forty-eight recently extracted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n= 12). Each group received all-ceramic CAD/CAM crown preparations featuring axial wall heights of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mm, respectively, all with a 10 degrees total occlusal convergence. Scanned preparations were fitted with lithium disilicate allceramic crowns that were luted with a selfetching resin cement. Specimens were tested to failure at a 45 degrees angle to the tooth long axis with failure load converted to megapascals (MPa) based on the measured bonding surface area. Mean data were analyzed using analysis of variance/Tukey's post hoc test (alpha= 0.05). Results: Lithium disilicate crowns adhesively luted on preparations with 0 axial wall height demonstrated significantly less failure resistance compared with the crowns luted on preparations with axial wall heights of 1 to 3 mm. There was no failure stress difference between preparations with 1 to 3 mm axial wall height. Conclusions: Under conditions of this study, adhesively luted lithium disilicate bicuspid crowns with a total occlusal convergence of 10 degrees demonstrated similar failure resistance independent of axial wall height of 1 to 3 mm. This study provides some evidence that adhesion combined with an ideal total occlusal convergence may compensate for reduced axial wall height. C1 [Gillette, C.] AEGD 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Buck, R.] 48 Dent Squadron, Prosthodont, RAF Lakenheath, England. [DuVall, N.] US Air Force, Sch Postgrad Dent, AEGD 2, Biloxi, MS USA. [Cushen, S.] US Air Force, Postgrad Dent Sch, AEGD 2, Keesler AFB, MS USA. [Wajdowicz, M.] US Air Force, Sch Postgrad Dent, AEGD 2, Keesler AFB, MS USA. [Roberts, H.] US Air Force, Sch Postgrad Dent, AGED 2, Grad Dent Res, Biloxi, MS USA. RP Roberts, H (reprint author), 606 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. EM howard.roberts@us.af.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPERATIVE DENTISTRY INC PI INDIANAPOLIS PA INDIANA UNIV SCHOOL DENTISTRY, ROOM S411, 1121 WEST MICHIGAN ST, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202-5186 USA SN 0361-7734 EI 1559-2863 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 41 IS 6 BP 666 EP 671 DI 10.2341/16-086-L PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA EB4KL UT WOS:000387340400011 PM 27820688 ER PT J AU LaKind, JS Overpeck, J Breysse, PN Backer, L Richardson, SD Sobus, J Sapkota, A Upperman, CR Jiang, CS Ben Beard, C Brunkard, JM Bell, JE Harris, R Chretien, JP Peltier, RE Chew, GL Blount, BC AF LaKind, Judy S. Overpeck, Jonathan Breysse, Patrick N. Backer, Lorrie Richardson, Susan D. Sobus, Jon Sapkota, Amir Upperman, Crystal R. Jiang, Chengsheng Ben Beard, C. Brunkard, J. M. Bell, Jesse E. Harris, Ryan Chretien, Jean-Paul Peltier, Richard E. Chew, Ginger L. Blount, Benjamin C. TI Exposure science in an age of rapidly changing climate: challenges and opportunities SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE climate change; exposure science; extreme events; indoor environments; non-targeted analysis; sensors ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; SALINE WASTE-WATER; CANADIAN FOREST-FIRES; WEST NILE VIRUS; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AIR-POLLUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; EMERGING CONTAMINANTS AB Climate change is anticipated to alter the production, use, release, and fate of environmental chemicals, likely leading to increased uncertainty in exposure and human health risk predictions. Exposure science provides a key connection between changes in climate and associated health outcomes. The theme of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science Exposures in an Evolving Environment-brought this issue to the fore. By directing attention to questions that may affect society in profound ways, exposure scientists have an opportunity to conduct "consequential science"-doing science that matters, using our tools for the greater good and to answer key policy questions, and identifying causes leading to implementation of solutions. Understanding the implications of changing exposures on public health may be one of the most consequential areas of study in which exposure scientists could currently be engaged. In this paper, we use a series of case studies to identify exposure data gaps and research paths that will enable us to capture the information necessary for understanding climate change-related human exposures and consequent health impacts. We hope that paper will focus attention on under-developed areas of exposure science that will likely have broad implications for public health. C1 [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Penn State U Coll Med, Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Overpeck, Jonathan] Univ Arizona, Inst Environm, ENR2 Bldg,Room N523,1064 East Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Breysse, Patrick N.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Backer, Lorrie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Richardson, Susan D.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, JM Palms Ctr GSR, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Sobus, Jon] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mail Code E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sapkota, Amir; Upperman, Crystal R.; Jiang, Chengsheng] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Maryland Inst Appl Environm Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ben Beard, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Mail Stop P-02,3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Brunkard, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Mail Stop C-09,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Bell, Jesse E.] North Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites NC, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Harris, Ryan] USAF, Weather Squadron DOD Appl Climate Serv 14, Asheville, NC USA. [Chretien, Jean-Paul] Def Hlth Agcy, Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Peltier, Richard E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 149 Goessmann Lab,686 North Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP LaKind, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, LaKind Associates LLC, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. EM lakindassoc@gmail.com RI Sapkota, Amir/A-5968-2011 FU CDC Foundation FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the US Air Force or Navy, or the US Environmental Protection Agency. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. Dr. LaKind received support from the CDC Foundation and Dr. LaKind consults to both governmental agencies and private clients. NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 26 IS 6 BP 529 EP 538 DI 10.1038/jes.2016.35 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA EA3WH UT WOS:000386539500001 PM 27485992 ER PT J AU Wainscott, H AF Wainscott, Heidi TI Multiple-Choice Answers: To Change or Not to Change? Perhaps Not Such a Simple Question SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Article ID OBJECTIVE TESTS C1 [Wainscott, Heidi] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Wainscott, H (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM Heidi.Wainscott@usafa.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 469 EP 471 DI 10.1119/1.4965266 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EA5OV UT WOS:000386671300011 ER PT J AU Kendall, RP Votta, LG Post, DE Atwood, CA Hariharan, N Morton, SA Gilbert, M Moyer, ET McNally, RP Wilson, AJ AF Kendall, Richard P. Votta, Lawrence G. Post, Douglass E. Atwood, Chris A. Hariharan, Nathan Morton, Scott A. Gilbert, Michael Moyer, E. Thomas McNally, Robert P. Wilson, Anthony J. TI Risk-Based Software Development Practices for CREATE Multiphysics HPC Software Applications SO COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERING SOFTWARE; PROJECT-MANAGEMENT AB The CREATE experience provides a concrete example of the successful implementation of best software engineering practices in a computational science and engineering milieu that has historically questioned the value of traditional software engineering wisdom and has resisted the adoption of plan-centered software engineering processes. C1 [Kendall, Richard P.; Votta, Lawrence G.; Post, Douglass E.; Atwood, Chris A.; Hariharan, Nathan; Morton, Scott A.; Gilbert, Michael; Moyer, E. Thomas] US Dept Def, HPCMP, Washington, DC 20301 USA. [McNally, Robert P.] US Air Force, Washington, DC USA. [Wilson, Anthony J.] Stellar Sci, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Kendall, RP (reprint author), US Dept Def, HPCMP, Washington, DC 20301 USA. EM richard.kendall.ctr@hpc.mil; Lawrence.votta.ctr@hpc.mil; post@hpc.mil; atwood@scalednumericalphysics.com; Nathan.hariharan@hpc.mil; scott.morton@hpc.mil; michael.gilbert.18@us.af.mil; Erwin.moyer@navy.mil; robert.mcnally.1@us.af.mil; tony@stellarscience.com FU Sandia National Laboratories; Software Engineering Institute; Stellar Science; Software Carpentry Institute FX We're grateful for the contributions and support from Sandia National Laboratories (Tim Trucano), Ted Blacker (who brought Scrum into CREATE), the Software Engineering Institute (David Fisher, Paul Nielsen, John Bramer), Stellar Science (Conrad Poelman), and the Software Carpentry Institute (Greg Wilson). The CREATE program is part of the US Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center Information Technology Laboratory's High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1521-9615 EI 1558-366X J9 COMPUT SCI ENG JI Comput. Sci. Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 18 IS 6 BP 35 EP 46 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA EA2GY UT WOS:000386412000006 ER PT J AU Holzinger, MJ Luu, KK Sabol, C Hill, K AF Holzinger, Marcus J. Luu, K. Kim Sabol, Chris Hill, Keric TI Uncorrelated-Track Classification, Characterization, and Prioritization Using Admissible Regions and Bayesian Inference SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID INITIAL ORBIT DETERMINATION; UNCERTAINTY; OBJECTS AB This paper introduces and discusses a method to rigorously classify and prioritize uncorrelated tracks using Bayesian inference and admissible regions. A detailed derivation and discussion of the methodology are given, followed by a generalized definition of prioritization parameters. Several example prioritization parameters, including time left to detect, zero-effort miss, and effective albedo-area, are motivated and given. A number of illustrative applications with optical uncorrelated tracks are examined to demonstrate information that can be extracted from each observation. Finally, the information extracted from each uncorrelated track is then compared and prioritization of subsequent sensor-asset measurements discussed. C1 [Holzinger, Marcus J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, 270 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Luu, K. Kim; Sabol, Chris] US Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, 535 Lipoa Pkwy,Suite 200, Kihei, HI 96753 USA. [Hill, Keric] Integr Applicat Inc, 1300 N Holopono St,Suite 116, Kihei, HI 96753 USA. RP Holzinger, MJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, 270 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. FU American Society for Engineering Education Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kihei, HI FX This effort was partially funded by the American Society for Engineering Education Summer Faculty Fellowship Program and the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kihei, HI. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 39 IS 11 BP 2469 EP 2484 DI 10.2514/1.G001014 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA EA1DH UT WOS:000386332200001 ER PT J AU Zhang, JX Berry, JR Beckstrand, DP AF Zhang, Joe X. Berry, Jacob R. Beckstrand, Devin P. TI Explosive Decompression with Resultant Air Gas Embolism in a Fourth Generation Fighter at Ground Level SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE overpressurization; decompression illness; environmental control system; arterial gas embolism AB BACKGROUND: Arterial gas embolism (AGE) is a rare condition in the flying community most often only ever seen in flight while operating at high altitude or incidents involving hypobaric chambers.This article describes a severe case of AGE that occurred in a pilot of a fourth generation fighter aircraft at ground level.The environmental control system (ECS) malfunctioned, causing an overpressurized cockpit and a subsequent explosive decompression when the pilot opened the canopy to egress. CASE REPORT: The ECS onboard fourth generation fighter aircraft is composed of many computer-controlled subsystems. When these components fail, the system can potentially overpressurize the cockpit. Combined with opening the canopy without prior venting, this overpressurization can lead to a situation akin to a diver surfacing too quickly. A pilot experienced this scenario and subsequently developed symptoms of arterial gas embolization-one form of decompression illness (DCI). We reviewed the design of the environmental control system and recommend that the cockpit must be slowly depressurized to decrease risk of injury from rapid decompression. DISCUSSION: Literature review showed three similar cases of ground-based overpressurization causing AGE symptoms, although these cases were maintenance personnel intentionally testing aircraft cabin integrity and not associated with aircraft intending flight.(7) The lessons learned from this case can be used to identify and hopefully prevent severe DCI from ground level cockpit overpressurization and to further general understanding of aircraft ECS. C1 [Zhang, Joe X.] US Air Force, Med Grp 51, Oan Air Base, South Korea. [Berry, Jacob R.] US Air Force, Med Grp 51, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Beckstrand, Devin P.] 97th Med Grp, Altus, OK USA. RP Zhang, JX (reprint author), US Air Force, Flight Med Clin, Aerosp Med Squadron 51, Med Grp 51,Osan Air Base, PSC 3,Box 3118, APO, AP 96266 USA. EM joezhangmd@gmail.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 87 IS 11 BP 963 EP 967 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4632.2016 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DZ5NK UT WOS:000385908600010 PM 27779957 ER PT J AU Baseley, D Wunderlich, L Phillips, G Gross, K Perram, G Willison, S Phillips, R Magnuson, M Lee, SD Harper, WF AF Baseley, Daniel Wunderlich, Luke Phillips, Grady Gross, Kevin Perram, Glen Willison, Stuart Phillips, Rebecca Magnuson, Matthew Lee, Sang Don Harper, Willie F., Jr. TI Hyperspectral analysis for standoff detection of dimethyl methylphosphonate on building materials SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hyperspectral imaging; Organophosphate; Contrast angle; Surface analysis; Decontamination ID PESTICIDES; SPECTRA; CONTAMINATION; EXPOSURES; HEALTH; CANCER; RISK; AIR AB Detecting organophosphates in indoor settings can greatly benefit from more efficient and faster methods of surveying large surface areas than conventional approaches, which sample small surface areas followed by extraction and analysis. This study examined a standoff detection technique utilizing hyperspectral imaging for analysis of building materials in near-real time. In this proof-of-concept study, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) was applied to stainless steel and laminate coupons and spectra were collected during active illumination. Absorbance bands at approximately 1275 cm(-1) and 1050 cm(-1) were associated with phosphorus-oxygen double bond (P=O) and phosphorus-oxygen-carbon (P-O-C) bond stretches of DMMP, respectively. The magnitude of these bands increased linearly (r(2) = 0.93) with DMMP across the full absorbance spectrum, between v(1) = 877 cm(-1) to v(2) = 1262 cm(-1). Comparisons between bare and contaminated surfaces on stainless steel using the spectral contrast angle technique indicated that the bare samples showed no sign of contamination, with large uniformly distributed contrast angles of 45 degrees-55 degrees, while the contaminated samples had smaller spectral contact angles of <20 degrees in the contaminated region and >40 degrees in the uncontaminated region. The laminate contaminated region exhibited contact angles of <25 degrees. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that hyperspectral imaging can be used to detect DMMP on building materials, with detection levels similar to concentrations expected for some organophosphate deposition scenarios. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Baseley, Daniel; Harper, Willie F., Jr.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Wunderlich, Luke] Wright State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Phillips, Grady; Gross, Kevin; Perram, Glen] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Willison, Stuart; Phillips, Rebecca; Magnuson, Matthew; Lee, Sang Don] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mailstop NG-16, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Harper, WF (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM willie.harper@afit.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [DW-57-92390501] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under Interagency Agreement DW-57-92390501. It has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication. The authors thank Kelley Robinson (AFIT) and John Hixenbaugh (AFIT) for logistical assistance. We thank Dr. Daniel Felker (Analytical Chemist, AFIT) for experimental assistance. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 EI 1873-684X J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2016 VL 108 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.08.028 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA DY7QL UT WOS:000385324300012 ER PT J AU Heidel, ND Usechak, NG Dohrman, CL Conway, JA AF Heidel, Nicole DiLello Usechak, Nicholas G. Dohrman, Carl L. Conway, Josh A. TI A Review of Electronic-Photonic Heterogeneous Integration at DARPA SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Review DE Integrated photonics; heterogeneous integration ID SILICON-ON-INSULATOR; WAVE-GUIDES; CHIP; RESONATORS; INTERCONNECTS; ARRAY; POWER AB The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has developed programs in integrated photonics for over a decade. From the Electronic-photonic Integrated Circuits (EPIC) program to the more recent Electronic-photonic Heterogeneous Integration (E-PHI) program, DARPA programs have established a library of high-performance silicon photonic devices and have demonstrated heterogeneous integration processes. These components and integration techniques, combined with automated design software tools, form the basis of the new American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics which will establish a photonics manufacturing ecosystem in the United States through a combination of public and private funds. C1 [Heidel, Nicole DiLello; Dohrman, Carl L.] Booz Allen Hamilton, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Usechak, Nicholas G.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Conway, Josh A.] Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Heidel, ND (reprint author), Booz Allen Hamilton, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM ndilello@alum.mit.edu; nicholas.usechak@us.af.mil; Carl.Dohrman.ctr@darpa.mil; Joshua.conway@darpa.mil NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X EI 1558-4542 J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 AR 8300209 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2016.2577541 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DZ0ZW UT WOS:000385569200001 ER PT J AU Hasser, PJ Malik, AS Langer, K Spradlin, TJ Hatamleh, MI AF Hasser, Peter J. Malik, Arif S. Langer, Kristina Spradlin, Thomas J. Hatamleh, Mohammad I. TI An Efficient Reliability-Based Simulation Method for Optimum Laser Peening Treatment SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE laser peening; finite element modeling; residual stress; fatigue life; damping; reliability-based optimization ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; UNCERTAINTY; MODEL; CODE AB A method is introduced for efficient reliability-based design of laser peening (LP) surface treatment to extend fatigue life of metal components. The method includes nonparametric probability density estimation, surrogate modeling using a new finite element (FE or FEA) approach, and reliability analysis with correlated random variables (RVs). Efficient LP simulation is achieved via a new technique termed single explicit analysis using time-dependent damping (SEATD), which reduces simulation times by a factor of 6. The example study of a three-point bend coupon reveals that fatigue life reliability significantly affects optimal LP design, as 52 laser spots are needed for 99% reliability versus 44 spots for 95%. C1 [Hasser, Peter J.] St Louis Univ, Pk Coll Engn Aviat & Technol, 3450 Lindell Blvd, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Malik, Arif S.; Hatamleh, Mohammad I.] Univ Texas Dallas, Erik Jonsson Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Dept Mech Engn, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Langer, Kristina; Spradlin, Thomas J.] AFRL RQVS, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Malik, AS (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Erik Jonsson Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Dept Mech Engn, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM hasser.peter@gmail.com; arif.malik@utdallas.edu; kristina.langer@us.af.mil; thomas.spradlin@us.af.mil; mih150230@utdallas.edu FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Chief Scientist Innovation Research Fund (AFRL CSIRF) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support for this research from the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Chief Scientist Innovation Research Fund (AFRL CSIRF 2012). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1087-1357 EI 1528-8935 J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD NOV PY 2016 VL 138 IS 11 AR 111001 DI 10.1115/1.4033604 PG 14 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DY9LO UT WOS:000385455400001 ER PT J AU Cigrang, JA Cordova, JV Gray, TD Najera, E Hawrilenko, M Pinkley, C Nielsen, M Tatum, J Redd, K AF Cigrang, Jeffrey A. Cordova, James V. Gray, Tatiana D. Najera, Elizabeth Hawrilenko, Matt Pinkley, Crystal Nielsen, Matthew Tatum, JoLyn Redd, Kristen TI The Marriage Checkup: Adapting and Implementing a Brief Relationship Intervention for Military Couples SO COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Marriage Checkup; military personnel; marital relations; couples therapy ID PRIMARY-CARE; AFGHANISTAN VETERANS; MENTAL-HEALTH; DISTRESS; IRAQ AB Given the significant negative impact of relationship distress on the health and well being of members of the military, preventative and accessible care is needed in order to provide crucial relationship support to service members and their families. This paper presents the rationale, key considerations, and feasibility for adapting the Marriage Checkup (MC), a brief intervention for enhancing marital resiliency, for use by internal behavioral health consultants (IBHCs) working in an integrated primary care clinic serving an active duty military population. We detail the adapted MC protocol, which was revised to contain military-centric content and fit into the fast-paced environment of primary care (e.g., streamlined to fit within three 30-minute appointments). IBHCs working in primary care were trained to offer the intervention at two air force bases. Twenty couples and 1 individual have completed the MC and a 1-month follow-up assessment. The MC intervention appeared to be well-received by both couples and IBHCs. In this paper, we provide specific guidance for clinicians and providers who are interested in integrating the Marriage Checkup into their practice. C1 [Cigrang, Jeffrey A.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Cordova, James V.; Gray, Tatiana D.; Hawrilenko, Matt] Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Najera, Elizabeth] Wilford Hall Ambulatory Serv Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Pinkley, Crystal] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Nielsen, Matthew] Air Force Med Operat Agcy, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Tatum, JoLyn; Redd, Kristen] Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. RP Cigrang, JA (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Sch Profess Psychol, 9 N Edwin C Moses Blvd, Dayton, OH 45402 USA. EM jeffrey.cigrang@wright.edu FU Department of Defense [FA8650-12-D-6280] FX Support for this project was provided by a grant (FA8650-12-D-6280) from the Department of Defense to the first author and second author. This is the first publication of the study data. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1077-7229 EI 1878-187X J9 COGN BEHAV PRACT JI Cogn. Behav. Pract. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 BP 561 EP 570 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA DY1RT UT WOS:000384872800019 ER PT J AU Cheng, MD Corporan, E AF Cheng, Meng-Dawn Corporan, Edwin TI Volatile particles measured by vapor-particle separator SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Volatile particles; Engine emissions; Vapor-rarticle separator; F117 engine; T63 engine ID DUTY DIESEL EXHAUST; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; THERMODENUDER; EMISSIONS; FRACTIONS; AIRCRAFT; ENGINES; PROGRAM; DENUDER; DESIGN AB Vapor-Particle Separator (VPS) is a new technology developed for characterization of the volatile fraction of particulate matter in a combustion aerosol population. VPS incorporates a novel metallic membrane and operates in a cross-flow filtration mode for separation of vapor and solid (i.e. non-volatile) particles. Demonstration of the VPS technology on aircraft engine-emitted particles has led to the improvement of the technology and increased confidence on the robustness of its field performance. In this study, the performance of the VPS was evaluated against the Particle Measurement Programme (PMP) volatile particle remover (VPR), a standardized device used in heavy duty diesel engines for separation and characterization of non-volatile particulate matter. Using tetracontane particles in the laboratory reveals that the VPS performed reasonably well in removing the volatile species. In the field conditions, a single-mode particle size distribution was found for emitted particles from a T63 turboshaft engine at both idle and cruise engine power conditions. Removal of the volatile T63 engine particles by the VPS was consistent with that of PMP VPR. In tests on an F117 turbofan engine, the size distribution at the idle (4% rated) engine power condition was found to be bimodal, with the first mode consisting of particles smaller than 10 nm, which are believed to be mostly semi-volatile particles, while the second mode of larger size was a mixture of semi-volatile and non-volatile particles. The distribution was single modal at the 33% rated engine power with no secondary mode observed. Overall, for particles emitted by both engines, the removal efficiency of the VPS appears to surpass that of the PMP VPR by 8-10%. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cheng, Meng-Dawn] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1505 MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Corporan, Edwin] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1505 MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU SERDP in the Weapons Systems and Platforms Thrust Area [WP-1627]; ESTCP [WP-201317]; DOE [2340-V672-13]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The design and development of VPS was originally supported by SERDP under Project #WP-1627 in the Weapons Systems and Platforms Thrust Area. This demonstration research was financially supported by the ESTCP administered by the AFRL under ESTCP Project # WP-201317 and DOE Contract number 2340-V672-13. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725. Dr. John M. E. Storey (ORNL) was instrumental in the assembly and operation of the PMP VPR device used in both T63 and C-17 (F117) campaigns. Dr. Teresa Barone, Mr. Steve Allman, Dr. Brian Bischoff, Dr. Shannon Mahurin, and Dr. Erik Kabela (all ORNL from several research divisions) provided unparalleled technical laboratory and field supports during the research and development throughout this research. The authors sincerely appreciate Dr. Matthew DeWitt, Mr. Christopher Klingshirn, and Mr. Joe Mantz (all UDRI), and the personnel at WPAFB who operated the engines used during the demonstration. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 EI 1879-1964 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 101 BP 207 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2016.08.009 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY2XJ UT WOS:000384955100017 ER PT J AU Menasche, DB Shade, PA Lind, J Li, SF Bernier, JV Kenesei, P Schuren, JC Suter, RM AF Menasche, David B. Shade, Paul A. Lind, Jonathan Li, Shiu Fai Bernier, Joel V. Kenesei, Peter Schuren, Jay C. Suter, Robert M. TI Correlation of Thermally Induced Pores with Microstructural Features Using High Energy X-rays SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION MICROSCOPY; NICKEL; SUPERALLOYS; POLYCRYSTALS; ORIENTATION; STATISTICS AB Combined application of a near-field High Energy Diffraction Microscopy measurement of crystal lattice orientation fields and a tomographic measurement of pore distributions in a sintered nickel-based superalloy sample allows pore locations to be correlated with microstructural features. Measurements were carried out at the Advanced Photon Source beamline 1-ID using an X-ray energy of 65 keV for each of the measurement modes. The nickel superalloy sample was prepared in such a way as to generate significant thermally induced porosity. A three-dimensionally resolved orientation map is directly overlaid with the tomographically determined pore map through a careful registration procedure. The data are shown to reliably reproduce the expected correlations between specific microstructural features (triple lines and quadruple nodes) and pore positions. With the statistics afforded by the 3D data set, we conclude that within statistical limits, pore formation does not depend on the relative orientations of the grains. The experimental procedures and analysis tools illustrated are being applied to a variety of materials problems in which local heterogeneities can affect materials properties. C1 [Menasche, David B.; Suter, Robert M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Shade, Paul A.] US Air Force, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Lind, Jonathan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Engn Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Li, Shiu Fai; Bernier, Joel V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Engn Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Li, Shiu Fai] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Kenesei, Peter] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Schuren, Jay C.] US Air Force, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Schuren, Jay C.] Data Sci Nutonian Inc, Somerville, MA 02144 USA. RP Suter, RM (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM suter@andrew.cmu.edu RI Shade, Paul/H-6459-2011; Suter, Robert/P-2541-2014 OI Suter, Robert/0000-0002-0651-0437 FU Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory; U.S. DOE [DEAC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Government [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; [DE-AC02-06CHJ1357] FX The authors acknowledge support from the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. The authors would also like to extend special thanks to the beamline staff at APS Sector 1-ID for their support of this experiment. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CHJ1357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 47A IS 11 BP 5580 EP 5588 DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3712-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DY3VH UT WOS:000385022900032 ER PT J AU Yang, JS Downes, R Schrand, A Park, JG Liang, R Xu, CY AF Yang, Jinshan Downes, Rebekah Schrand, Amanda Park, Jin Gyu Liang, Richard Xu, Chengying TI High electrical conductivity and anisotropy of aligned carbon nanotube nanocomposites reinforced by silicon carbonitride SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotubes; Ceramic matrix composites; Electrical properties; Scanning electron microscopy; Alignment ID CERAMIC NANOCOMPOSITES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; EPOXY COMPOSITES; PERCOLATION; CHEMISTRY; NETWORKS; GRAPHENE; FIELD AB Aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets reinforced with silicon carbonitride were prepared by the infiltration and pyrolysis of liquid polysilazane into mechanically stretched CNTs. The resultant nanocomposites contained a high volume fraction of CNTs (60 vol%), and due to alignment, reached an electrical conductivity of up to 22 x 10(5) S m(-1). The electrical conductivity was anisotropic based upon the CNT alignment and changed from 3.3 to 9.2 after the pyrolysis process. The high electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites contributes to their potential application in electromagnetic interference shielding. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Jinshan; Xu, Chengying] Florida State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Downes, Rebekah; Park, Jin Gyu; Liang, Richard] Florida State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Schrand, Amanda] US Air Force, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Fuzes Branch, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Xu, CY (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM cxu@fsu.edu RI Park, Jin Gyu/A-5823-2008 FU Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program [N00014-11-1-0706] FX We acknowledge the financial support of the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program (Award No. N00014-11-1-0706). We appreciate High Performance Materials Institute (HPMI) on-campus for permission of using SEM, AFM, and four-probe electrical conductivity test facilities. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 40 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 124 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.06.023 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DV9WZ UT WOS:000383294200005 ER PT J AU Sihn, S Childers, LB Walters, CT Forte, MS Roy, AK Vernon, JP AF Sihn, Sangwook Childers, Lawrence B. Walters, Craig T. Forte, Mark S. Roy, Ajit K. Vernon, Jonathan P. TI Computational and experimental study on laser heating metal alloy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID ABLATION; VAPORIZATION; ULTRAFAST; MODEL; RESOLIDIFICATION; SIMULATION AB Both computational and experimental studies were conducted to characterize complex heat transport and damage evolution phenomena in a metal alloy material subjected to laser irradiation. A Ni-based alloy, Inconel 718, was subjected to various irradiances of a flat-top, 4 cm diameter beam of continuous wave, 1.07 mu m wavelength light. In this numerical study, a nonlinear transient finite element (FE) analysis, based on conductive, convective and radiative heat transfer, was conducted to predict temperature evolution (i.e., during heating, melting, and cooling conditions), damage initiation, and damage progression. A two-dimensional axisymmetric model was built with experimentally relevant plate geometry. ANSYS, a commercial FE software package, was used to conduct the nonlinear transient analyses. Such analyses employ an element removal feature to predict realistic evolution of the melt front within the laser heated Inconel 718 plates. The element removal scheme ensured that the laser energy supplied to removed elements no longer contributed to heating the rest of the intact material portion, and that the melt elements would not reappear (e.g., during cooling stage). Spanning a wide range of laser irradiance levels (i.e., from 11 W/cm(2) to 828 W/cm(2)), the numerical model demonstrated good agreement with the experimentally measured temperatures during heating and cooling. After confirming the validity of measured temperature progression, the numerical model provided predictions in good agreement with experimentally measured penetration times and final damage (hole) sizes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sihn, Sangwook; Childers, Lawrence B.; Walters, Craig T.; Forte, Mark S.; Roy, Ajit K.; Vernon, Jonathan P.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Sihn, Sangwook] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Nonstruct Mat Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Childers, Lawrence B.] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH USA. [Walters, Craig T.] Craig Walters Associates, Powell, OH USA. RP Sihn, S (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Nonstruct Mat Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-10-D-5011] FX This work was financially supported by U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory with a contract number FA8650-10-D-5011. All tests were conducted at the LHMEL facility within the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors also acknowledge Dan Seibert and Dr. Shekhar Guha for their technical consultation. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 EI 1879-2189 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD NOV PY 2016 VL 102 BP 1034 EP 1043 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.06.061 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA DU7QS UT WOS:000382410300097 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Slipchenko, MN Mance, JG Roy, S Gord, JR AF Miller, Joseph D. Slipchenko, Mikhail N. Mance, Jason G. Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI 1-kHz two-dimensional coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (2D-CARS) for gas-phase thermometry SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID BURST-MODE LASER; KHZ AB Two-dimensional gas-phase coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (2D-CARS) thermometry is demonstrated at 1 kHz in a heated jet. A hybrid femtosecond/picosecond CARS configuration is used in a two-beam phase-matching arrangement with a 100-femtosecond pump/Stokes pulse and a 107-picosecond probe pulse. The femtosecond pulse is generated using a mode-locked oscillator and regenerative amplifier that is synchronized to a separate picosecond oscillator and burst-mode amplifier. The CARS signal is spectrally dispersed in a custom imaging spectrometer and detected using a high-speed camera with image intensifier. 1-kHz, single-shot planar measurements at room temperature exhibit error of 2.6% and shot-to-shot variations of 2.6%. The spatial variation in measured temperature is 9.4%. 2D-CARS temperature measurements are demonstrated in a heated O-2 jet to capture the spatiotemporal evolution of the temperature field. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Miller, Joseph D.; Gord, James R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Mance, Jason G.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.] Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. EM joseph.miller.35@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [LRIR: 15RQCOR202, LRIR: 14RQ06COR] FX Air Force Research Laboratory (Contract No. FA8650-15-D-2518); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (LRIR: 15RQCOR202, Dr. Enrique Parra, Program Manager; LRIR: 14RQ06COR, Dr. Chiping Li, Program Manager). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD OCT 31 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 22 BP 24971 EP 24979 DI 10.1364/OE.24.024971 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC8SQ UT WOS:000388413400029 PM 27828437 ER PT J AU Sarkisov, GS Caplinger, J Parada, F Sotnikov, VI AF Sarkisov, G. S. Caplinger, J. Parada, F. Sotnikov, V. I. TI Breakdown dynamics of electrically exploding thin metal wires in vacuum SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DEPOSITION; EXPLOSION AB Using a two-frame intensified charge coupled device (iCCD) imaging system with a 2 ns exposure time, we observed the dynamics of voltage breakdown and corona generation in experiments of fast ns-time exploding fine Ni and stainless-steel (SS) wires in a vacuum. These experiments show that corona generation along the wire surface is subjected to temporal-spatial inhomogeneity. For both metal wires, we observed an initial generation of a bright cathode spot before the ionization of the entire wire length. This cathode spot does not expand with time. For 25.4 mu m diameter Ni and SS wire explosions with positive polarity, breakdown starts from the ground anode and propagates to the high voltage cathode with speeds approaching 3500 km/s or approximately one percent of light speed. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Sarkisov, G. S.] Raytheon Ktech, Directed Energy Dept, 1300 Eubank, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Caplinger, J.; Parada, F.; Sotnikov, V. I.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sarkisov, GS (reprint author), Raytheon Ktech, Directed Energy Dept, 1300 Eubank, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 21 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 15 AR 153301 DI 10.1063/1.4965700 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EA9BA UT WOS:000386934000004 ER PT J AU Godman, NP Adas, SK Hellwig, KM Ball, DW Balaich, GJ Iacono, ST AF Godman, Nicholas P. Adas, Sonya K. Hellwig, Karl M. Ball, David W. Balaich, Gary J. Iacono, Scott T. TI Synthesis, Electrochemical Characterization, and Linear Free Energy Relationship of 1,3-Dipheny1-6-alkyl/arylfulvenes SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SOLAR-CELLS; FULVENE; POLYMERS; REDUCTION; CHEMISTRY; POLYTHIOPHENE; DEVICES; DENSITY AB A series of 1,3-diphenyl-6-alkyl/arylfulvenes was prepared, and the electrochemical properties were investigated. The addition of phenyl groups about the fulvene raised the reduction potential and helped to stabilize the electrochemically generated radical anion. The addition of various functional groups onto the phenyl ring at the 6-position of 1,3,6-triphenylfulvene results in a linear free energy relationship between reduction potential and the Hammett substituent constant, sigma. Further extending the conjugation at the 6-position of 1,3-diphenyl-6-arylfulvenes increases the reversibility of the redox reactions, but does not appear to further stabilize the generated radical anion. This in-depth investigation provides evidence that the compounds studied may have utility in light harvesting applications. C1 [Godman, Nicholas P.; Adas, Sonya K.; Hellwig, Karl M.; Balaich, Gary J.; Iacono, Scott T.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Godman, Nicholas P.; Adas, Sonya K.; Hellwig, Karl M.; Balaich, Gary J.; Iacono, Scott T.] US Air Force Acad, Chem Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Ball, David W.] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Chem, Cleveland, OH 44415 USA. RP Balaich, GJ; Iacono, ST (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.; Balaich, GJ; Iacono, ST (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Chem Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM gary.balaich@usafa.edu; scott.iacono@usafa.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (MIPR) [HDTRA13964]; National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (MIPR no. HDTRA13964). N.P.G. and S.K.A. were supported through the National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD OCT 21 PY 2016 VL 81 IS 20 BP 9630 EP 9638 DI 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01698 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA DZ9IC UT WOS:000386187500013 PM 27689910 ER PT J AU Clarke, H Brown, T Hu, JJ Ganguli, R Reed, A Voevodin, A Shamberger, PJ AF Clarke, Heidi Brown, Timothy Hu, Jianjun Ganguli, Raj Reed, Amber Voevodin, Andrey Shamberger, Patrick J. TI Microstructure dependent filament forming kinetics in HfO2 programmable metallization cells SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hafnium dioxide; atomic layer deposition; microstructure; resistance switching; CBRAM; PMC ID ATOMIC-LAYER DEPOSITION; ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS; ELECTRODE MATERIAL; THERMAL-STABILITY; FILMS; DIELECTRICS; BREAKDOWN; STACKS; IMPACT; RELIABILITY AB Variability remains the principal concern for commercialization of HfO2 based resistance switching devices. Here, we investigate the role of thermal processing conditions on internal structure of atomic layer deposited HfO2 thin films, and the impact of that structure on filament forming kinetics of p+ Si/HfO2/Cu and TiN/HfO2/Cu devices. Regardless of bias polarity or electrode metal, filament formation times are at least one order of magnitude shorter in polycrystalline than in amorphous films, which we attribute to the presence of fast ion migration along grain boundaries. Within polycrystalline films, filament formation times are correlated with degree of crystalline orientation. Inter-device variability in forming time is roughly equivalent across HfO2 film processing conditions. The kinetics of filament forming are shown to be highly dependent on HfO2 microstructure, with possible implications for the inter-device variability of subsequent switching cycles. C1 [Clarke, Heidi; Brown, Timothy; Shamberger, Patrick J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dwight Look Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hu, Jianjun; Ganguli, Raj; Reed, Amber] Air Force Res Lab, Nanoelect Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45459 USA. [Hu, Jianjun] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45459 USA. [Voevodin, Andrey] Univ North Texas, Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Shamberger, PJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dwight Look Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM patrick.shamberger@tamu.edu RI Shamberger, Patrick/C-4795-2014 OI Shamberger, Patrick/0000-0002-8737-6064 FU AFOSR LRIR [14RX13COR] FX The authors thank Sarah Hammock for aid in electrical testing of devices. This work has been supported by AFOSR LRIR 14RX13COR. We also thank AFRL and Kevin Leedy for the use of clean room facilities in growth of HfO2 films. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD OCT 21 PY 2016 VL 27 IS 42 AR 425709 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/27/42/425709 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9VT UT WOS:000385483900008 PM 27632249 ER PT J AU Lee, KM Ware, TH Tondiglia, VP McBride, MK Zhang, XP Bowman, CN White, TJ AF Lee, Kyung Min Ware, Taylor H. Tondiglia, Vincent P. McBride, Matthew K. Zhang, Xinpeng Bowman, Christopher N. White, Timothy J. TI Initiatorless Photopolymerization of Liquid Crystal Monomers SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE liquid crystal polymers; liquid crystals; photopolymerization; photoinitiator; displays ID ORIENTED POLYMER NETWORKS; ANISOTROPIC NETWORKS; DEVICE PERFORMANCE; SELF-INITIATION; ACRYLATES; PHOTOINITIATORS; BEHAVIOR; ABSORPTION; MALEIMIDES; ELASTOMERS AB Liquid crystal monomers-are widely employed in industry to prepare optical compensating films as well as extend or enhance the properties of certain display modes. Because of the thennotropic nature of liquid crystalline materials, polymerization of liquid crystalline monomers (sometimes referred to as reactive mesogens) is often initiated by radical photoinitiation (photopolymerization) of (meth)acrylate functional groups. Here, we report on the initiatorless photopolymerization of commercially available liquid crystalline monomers upon exposure to 365 nm UV light. Initiatorless polymerization is employed to prepare thin films as well as polymer stabilizing networks in mixtures with low-molar-mass liquid crystals. EPR and FTIR confirm radical generation upon exposure to 365 nm light and- conversion of the acrylate functional groups. A potential mechanism is proposed, informed by control experiments that indicate that the monomers undergo,a type II Norrish mechanism. The initiatorless polymerization of the liquid crystalline monomers yield liquid crystalline polymer networks with mechanical properties that can be equal to those prepared with conventional radical photoinitiators. We demonstrate that initiatorless polymerization of display modes significantly increases the voltage holding ratio, which could result in a reduction in drive voltages in flat-panel televisions and hand-held devices, extending battery life and reducing power consumption. C1 [Lee, Kyung Min; Ware, Taylor H.; Tondiglia, Vincent P.; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Lee, Kyung Min; Ware, Taylor H.; Tondiglia, Vincent P.] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Ware, Taylor H.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Bioengn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [McBride, Matthew K.; Zhang, Xinpeng; Bowman, Christopher N.] Univ Colorado, Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP White, TJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Timothy.White.24@us.af.mil RI Ware, Taylor/A-7130-2017 OI Ware, Taylor/0000-0001-7996-7393 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory; NIH [1S10RR024539-01] FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. The authors also thank Professor L.-C. Chien and Ms. K-H. Chang at Kent State University for their help with VHR measurements and to Mr. Douglas Krein of General Dynamics IT for assistance with NMR and elemental analysis. The EPR work was performed at a Bruker Elexsys 500 EPR in the Shared Instruments Pool of the Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry at the University of Colorado Boulder. The EPR was acquired through the support of NIH 1S10RR024539-01. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD OCT 19 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 41 BP 28040 EP 28046 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b09144 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DZ6SO UT WOS:000385992400070 ER PT J AU Jiang, J Pachter, R Islam, AE Maruyama, B Boeckl, JJ AF Jiang, Jie Pachter, Ruth Islam, Ahmad E. Maruyama, Benji Boeckl, John J. TI Defect-induced Raman spectroscopy in single-layer graphene with boron and nitrogen substitutional defects by theoretical investigation SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOPED GRAPHENE; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; DOPANTS AB Although advances in heteroatom incorporation into the single-layer graphene lattice resulted in films with large carrier densities, careful characterization by Raman spectroscopy is important for assessment of the material's quality. We investigated theoretically I(D)/I(D') Raman intensity ratios induced by B- and N- substitutional doping, demonstrated to be consistent with measurements. Calculated Fermi level shifts showed that for a moderate doping density results are comparable to electrolyte gating, while analytical analysis of the electron-defect scattering provided insight into changes of cross-sections. Effects of doping density on the D band intensity and broadening were quantified, and will assist in graphene characterization. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jiang, Jie; Pachter, Ruth; Islam, Ahmad E.; Maruyama, Benji; Boeckl, John J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pachter, R (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM ruth.pachter@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and computational resources and helpful assistance provided by the AFRL DSRC. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 16 PY 2016 VL 663 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.09.067 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EB2LG UT WOS:000387193100014 ER PT J AU Mannucci, AJ Hagan, ME Vourlidas, A Huang, CY Verkhoglyadova, OP Deng, Y AF Mannucci, Anthony J. Hagan, Maura E. Vourlidas, Angelos Huang, Cheryl Y. Verkhoglyadova, Olga P. Deng, Yue TI Scientific challenges in thermosphere-ionosphere forecasting - conclusions from the October 2014 NASA JPL community workshop SO JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Ionosphere (general); Thermosphere; Storm; Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (CME); Heliosphere ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; TOTAL ELECTRON-CONTENT; HEIGHT-INTEGRATED PEDERSEN; SOLAR-WIND STREAMS; MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPE; INTERPLANETARY ORIGIN; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; TIME-GCM; SPACE; STORMS AB Interest in forecasting space weather in the thermosphere and ionosphere (T-I) led to a community workshop held at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in October, 2014. The workshop focus was "Scientific Challenges in Thermosphere-Ionosphere Forecasting'' to emphasize that forecasting presumes a sufficiently advanced state of scientific knowledge, yet one that is still evolving. The purpose of the workshop, and this topical issue that arose from the workshop, was to discuss research frontiers that will lead to improved space weather forecasts. Three areas are discussed in some detail in this paper: (1) the role of lower atmosphere forcing in the response of the T-I to geomagnetic disturbances; (2) the significant deposition of energy at polar latitudes during geomagnetic disturbances; and (3) recent developments in understanding the propagation of coronal mass ejections through the heliosphere and prospects for forecasting the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) using observations at the Lagrangian L-5 point. We describe other research presented at the workshop that appears in the topical issue. The possibility of establishing a "positive feedback loop'' where improved scientific knowledge leads to improved forecasts is described C1 [Mannucci, Anthony J.; Verkhoglyadova, Olga P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hagan, Maura E.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Huang, Cheryl Y.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Deng, Yue] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76029 USA. RP Mannucci, AJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM anthony.j.mannucci@jpl.nasa.gov RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA/NSF; National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) under National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Participating Investigator (USPI) Program under NASA [NNX12AD26G]; internal APL funds; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [LRIR 14 RV11COR] FX Portions of this research were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Sponsorship of the NASA/NSF Partnership for Collaborative Space Weather Modeling is gratefully acknowledged. MH thanks K. Hausler for the TIME-GCM figures. MH was supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and by the U.S. Participating Investigator (USPI) Program under NASA Grant NNX12AD26G. AV was supported by internal APL funds. CH acknowledges the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant LRIR 14 RV11COR. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2115-7251 J9 J SPACE WEATHER SPAC JI J. Space Weather Space Clim. PD OCT 14 PY 2016 VL 6 AR E01 DI 10.1051/swsc/2016030 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EI9BS UT WOS:000392802900001 ER PT J AU Szmulowicz, F Elhamri, S Haugan, HJ Mitchel, WC AF Szmulowicz, F. Elhamri, S. Haugan, H. J. Mitchel, W. C. TI Hierarchically constrained carrier dynamics in red-LED illuminated type-II InAs/GaSb superlattices SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; QUANTUM-WELLS; PHOTODIODES; WAVELENGTH; RELAXATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; PASSIVATION; DETECTORS; KINETICS; GAAS AB We report on positive and negative persistent photo-effects observed in some red light emitting diode (LED)-illuminated type-II InAs/GaSb superlattices (SLs) grown on a p-type GaSb. By analyzing the time dependence of the transverse resistance during and after the illumination, we show that the rise and decay curves are logarithmic, a behavior which points to hierarchically constrained carrier dynamics. Accordingly, negative persistent effects are explained by diffusion and trapping of photo-excited carriers in the p-type buffer layer and their subsequent tunneling back to the SL. On the other hand, positive persistent effects are explained by a low density of majority-carrier trapping centers in the buffer layer. Hence, persistent photo-effects upon red-LED irradiation provide a diagnostic of the quality of the superlattice-buffer interface. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Szmulowicz, F.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Elhamri, S.] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Haugan, H. J.] Univ Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Mitchel, W. C.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Szmulowicz, F (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM FrankSzmulowicz@gmail.com FU Air Force [FA8650-06-D-5401, F33615-03-D-5801] FX We would like to thank Mr. S. Fenstermaker for providing technical assistance with the MBE system and Professor R. Berney from University of Dayton for technical assistance with Hall measurements. The Air Force supported this work through contract FA8650-06-D-5401 (F. S.) and F33615-03-D-5801 (H. H and S. E). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 14 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 14 AR 144506 DI 10.1063/1.4964412 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EA3VK UT WOS:000386535400052 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Cuevas, KG Wang, L Zheng, ZG Bisoyi, HK Li, GQ Tan, LS Vaia, RA Li, Q AF Gutierrez-Cuevas, Karla G. Wang, Ling Zheng, Zhi-gang Bisoyi, Hari K. Li, Guoqiang Tan, Loon-Seng Vaia, Richard A. Li, Quan TI Frequency-Driven Self-Organized Helical Superstructures Loaded with Mesogen-Grafted Silica Nanoparticles SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE helical superstructures; liquid crystals; silica nanoparticles; self-organization; frequency dependence; tunable transparency ID NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL; ELECTROOPTICAL PROPERTIES; FILLED NEMATICS; LIGHT; SCATTERING; INVERSION; NANORODS; MEMORY AB Adding colloidal nanoparticles into liquid-crystal media has become a promising pathway either to enhance or to introduce novel properties for improved device performance. Here we designed and synthesized new colloidal hybrid silica nanoparticles passivated with a mesogenic monolayer on the surface to facilitate their organo-solubility and compatibility in a liquid-crystal host. The resulting nanoparticles were identified by H-1 NMR spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, and UV/Vis techniques, and the hybrid nanoparticles were doped into a dual-frequency cholesteric liquid-crystal host to appraise both their compatibility with the host and the effect of the doping concentration on their electro-optical properties. Interestingly, the silica-nanoparticle-doped liquid-crystalline nano-composites were found to be able to dynamically self-organize into a helical configuration and exhibit multi-stability, that is, homeotropic (transparent), focal conic (opaque), and planar states (partially transparent), depending on the frequency applied at sustained low voltage. Significantly, a higher contrast ratio between the transparent state and scattering state was accomplished in the nanoparticle-embedded liquid-crystal systems. C1 [Gutierrez-Cuevas, Karla G.; Wang, Ling; Zheng, Zhi-gang; Bisoyi, Hari K.; Li, Quan] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Gutierrez-Cuevas, Karla G.; Wang, Ling; Zheng, Zhi-gang; Bisoyi, Hari K.; Li, Quan] Kent State Univ, Chem Phys Interdisciplinary Program, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Li, Guoqiang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Li, Guoqiang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Tan, Loon-Seng; Vaia, Richard A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Li, Q (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.; Li, Q (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Chem Phys Interdisciplinary Program, Kent, OH 44242 USA. EM qli1@kent.edu FU AFOSR; AFRL; NIH [R01EY020641]; State of Ohio TVSF fund [TECG201604]; CONACYT (Mexico) [211982]; China Scholarship Council; Ohio Research Scholars Program Research Cluster on Surfaces in Advanced Materials FX We thank the support from the AFOSR, AFRL, NIH (through grant number R01EY020641) and the State of Ohio TVSF fund (through grant number TECG201604); the CONACYT Scholarship 211982 (Mexico) to K.G. and China Scholarship Council to Z.Z. are gratefully acknowledged. The TEM data were obtained at the (cryo) TEM facility at the LCI supported by the Ohio Research Scholars Program Research Cluster on Surfaces in Advanced Materials. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 EI 1521-3773 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 42 BP 13090 EP 13094 DI 10.1002/anie.201606895 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DZ4AN UT WOS:000385799200025 PM 27633941 ER PT J AU Garcia, E Cao, YC Casbeer, DW AF Garcia, Eloy Cao, Yongcan Casbeer, David W. TI Decentralised event-triggered consensus of double integrator multi-agent systems with packet losses and communication delays SO IET CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE directed graphs; multi-agent systems; protocols; decentralised event triggered consensus; double integrator multiagent system; communication delays; double integrator dynamics; nonconsistent packet loss; broadcast channel; event triggered information packet; directed graphs; packet dropouts; packet broadcast; event triggered consensus protocol; positive interevent time; Zeno behaviour ID NETWORKED CONTROL-SYSTEMS; AVERAGE CONSENSUS; DYNAMICS AB The event-triggered consensus problem with agents described by double integrator dynamics is addressed in this study. The authors consider the problem of non-consistent packet losses where the broadcast channel from one agent to its neighbours can drop the event-triggered packets of information, where the transmitting agent is unaware that the packet was not received and the receiving agents have no knowledge of the transmitted packet. They also consider the constraints associated with communication delays. In this study, they consider directed graphs, and they also relax the consistency on the packet dropouts and the delays. By relaxing the consistency they allow the dropouts and delays for a packet broadcast by one agent to be different for each receiving node. Under these constraints, an event-triggered consensus protocol is designed for the agents to achieve consensus asymptotically while reducing transmissions of measurements. In addition, positive inter-event times are obtained which guarantee that Zeno behaviour does not occur. C1 [Garcia, Eloy] Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Garcia, Eloy; Casbeer, David W.] Air Force Res Lab, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Cao, Yongcan] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Garcia, E (reprint author), Infoscitex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.; Garcia, E (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM elgarcia@infoscitex.com FU AFOSR [LRIR: 15RQCOR213] FX This work was supported in part by AFOSR LRIR: 15RQCOR213. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8644 EI 1751-8652 J9 IET CONTROL THEORY A JI IET Contr. Theory Appl. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 10 IS 15 BP 1835 EP 1843 DI 10.1049/iet-cta.2016.0107 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DY8ZY UT WOS:000385422800010 ER PT J AU Jang, WY Ku, Z Jeon, J Kim, JO Lee, SJ Park, J Noyola, MJ Urbas, A AF Jang, Woo-Yong Ku, Zahyun Jeon, Jiyeon Kim, Jun Oh Lee, Sang Jun Park, James Noyola, Michael J. Urbas, Augustine TI Experimental Demonstration of Adaptive Infrared Multispectral Imaging using Plasmonic Filter Array SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID OVERLAPPING BANDS; MAMMALIAN RETINA; QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTODETECTORS; DETECTORS; AIRBORNE; PARALLEL; SENSOR AB In our previous theoretical study, we performed target detection using a plasmonic sensor array incorporating the data-processing technique termed "algorithmic spectrometry". We achieved the reconstruction of a target spectrum by extracting intensity at multiple wavelengths with high resolution from the image data obtained from the plasmonic array. The ultimate goal is to develop a full-scale focal plane array with a plasmonic opto-coupler in order to move towards the next generation of versatile infrared cameras. To this end, and as an intermediate step, this paper reports the experimental demonstration of adaptive multispectral imagery using fabricated plasmonic spectral filter arrays and proposed target detection scenarios. Each plasmonic filter was designed using periodic circular holes perforated through a gold layer, and an enhanced target detection strategy was proposed to refine the original spectrometry concept for spatial and spectral computation of the data measured from the plasmonic array. Both the spectrum of blackbody radiation and a metal ring object at multiple wavelengths were successfully reconstructed using the weighted superposition of plasmonic output images as specified in the proposed detection strategy. In addition, plasmonic filter arrays were theoretically tested on a target at extremely high temperature as a challenging scenario for the detection scheme. C1 [Jang, Woo-Yong; Park, James; Noyola, Michael J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jang, Woo-Yong] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Sensor APEX, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Ku, Zahyun; Urbas, Augustine] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jeon, Jiyeon; Kim, Jun Oh; Lee, Sang Jun] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Div Convergence Technol, Daejeon 305340, South Korea. RP Jang, WY (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Jang, WY (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Sensor APEX, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.; Ku, Z (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM woo-yong.jang.ctr.nz@us.af.mil; zahyun.ku.1.ctr@us.af.mil FU KRISS grant - U.S. government (AFOSR/AOARD) [GP2016-034]; AOARD grant - U.S. government (AFOSR/AOARD) [FA2386-14-1-4094] FX The KRISS portion of this work was supported by the KRISS grant GP2016-034 and the AOARD grant FA2386-14-1-4094 funded by the U.S. government (AFOSR/AOARD). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 34876 DI 10.1038/srep34876 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DY5MZ UT WOS:000385145200001 PM 27721506 ER PT J AU Paredes, P Gosse, R Theofilis, V Kimmel, R AF Paredes, Pedro Gosse, Ryan Theofilis, Vassilis Kimmel, Roger TI Linear modal instabilities of hypersonic flow over an elliptic cone SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE boundary layer stability; compressible boundary layers; transition to turbulence ID 3-DIMENSIONAL BOUNDARY-LAYERS; LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION; ATTACHMENT-LINE; QUIET TUNNELS; STABILITY; FLIGHT AB Steady laminar flow over a rounded-tip 2 : 1 elliptic cone of 0.86 m length at zero angle of attack and yaw has been computed at Mach number 7 : 45 and unit Reynolds number Re' = 1.015 x 10(7) m(-1). The flow conditions are selected to match the planned flight of the Hypersonic Flight Research Experimentation HIFiRE-5 test geometry at an altitude of 21.8 km. Spatial linear BiGlobal modal instability analysis of this flow has been performed at selected streamwise locations on planes normal to the cone symmetry axis, resolving the entire flow domain in a coupled manner while exploiting flow symmetries. Four amplified classes of linear eigenmodes have been unravelled. The shear layer formed near the cone minor-axis centreline gives rise to amplified symmetric and antisymmetric centreline instability modes, classified as shear-layer instabilities. At the attachment line formed along the major axis of the cone, both symmetric and antisymmetric instabilities are also discovered and identified as boundary-layer second Mack modes. In both cases of centreline and attachment-line modes, symmetric instabilities are found to be more unstable than their antisymmetric counterparts. Furthermore, spatial BiGlobal analysis is used for the first time to resolve oblique second modes and cross-flow instabilities in the boundary layer between the major-and minor-axis meridians. Contrary to predictions for the incompressible regime for swept infinite wing flow, the cross-flow instabilities are not found to be linked to the attachment-line instabilities. In fact, cross-flow modes peak along most of the surface of the cone, but vanish towards the attachment line. On the other hand, the leading oblique second modes peak near the leading edge and their associated frequencies are in the range of the attachment-line instability frequencies. Consequently, the attachment-line instabilities are observed to be related to oblique second modes at the major-axis meridian. The linear amplification of centreline and attachment-line instability modes is found to be strong enough to lead to laminar-turbulent flow transition within the length of the test object. The predictions of global linear theory are compared with those of local instability analysis, also performed here under the assumption of locally parallel flow, where use of this assumption is permissible. Fair agreement is obtained for symmetric centreline and symmetric attachment-line modes, while for all other classes of linear disturbances use of the proposed global analysis methodology is warranted for accurate linear instability predictions. C1 [Paredes, Pedro; Theofilis, Vassilis] Univ Politecn Madrid, Sch Aeronaut, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Gosse, Ryan; Kimmel, Roger] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Theofilis, Vassilis] Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Browlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. RP Paredes, P (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, Sch Aeronaut, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM pedro.paredes@upm.es OI Theofilis, Vassilis/0000-0002-7720-3434 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF [FA8655-12-1-2004] FX Fruitful discussions with Dr H. L. Reed are gratefully acknowledged. This effort is sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF, under grant no. FA8655-12-1-2004. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purpose notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. DISTRIBUTION A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 88ABW-2015-5929, 09 Dec 2015. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 804 BP 442 EP 466 DI 10.1017/jfm.2016.536 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DX0WU UT WOS:000384087900025 ER PT J AU Golden, EM Basun, SA Evans, DR Grabar, AA Stoika, IM Giles, NC Halliburton, LE AF Golden, E. M. Basun, S. A. Evans, D. R. Grabar, A. A. Stoika, I. M. Giles, N. C. Halliburton, L. E. TI Sn vacancies in photorefractive Sn2P2S6 crystals: An electron paramagnetic resonance study of an optically active hole trap SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-SYMMETRY CRYSTALS; TIN HYPOTHIODIPHOSPHATE; NONLINEAR RESPONSE; PHASE-TRANSITION; FERROELECTRICS; ABSORPTION; POLARONS AB Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is used to identify the singly ionized charge state of the Sn vacancy (V-Sn(-)) in single crystals of Sn2P2S6 (often referred to as SPS). These vacancies, acting as a hole trap, are expected to be important participants in the photorefractive effect observed in undoped SPS crystals. In as-grown crystals, the Sn vacancies are doubly ionized (V-Sn(-)) with no unpaired spins. They are then converted to a stable EPR-active state when an electron is removed (i.e., a hole is trapped) during an illumination below 100K with 633 nm laser light. The resulting EPR spectrum has g-matrix principal values of 2.0079, 2.0231, and 1.9717. There are resolved hyperfine interactions with two P neighbors and one Sn neighbor. The isotropic portions of these hyperfine matrices are 167 and 79 MHz for the two P-31 neighbors and 8504 MHz for the one Sn neighbor (this latter value is the average for Sn-117 and Sn-119). These V-Sn(-) vacancies are shallow acceptors with the hole occupying a diffuse wave function that overlaps the neighboring Sn2+ ion and (P2S6)(4-) anionic unit. Using a general-order kinetics approach, an analysis of isothermal decay curves of the V-Sn(-) EPR spectrum in the 107-115 K region gives an activation energy of 283 meV. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Golden, E. M.; Giles, N. C.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Basun, S. A.; Halliburton, L. E.] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Basun, S. A.; Evans, D. R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Grabar, A. A.; Stoika, I. M.] Uzhgorod Natl Univ, Inst Solid State Phys & Chem, UA-88000 Uzhgorod, Ukraine. [Halliburton, L. E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Halliburton, LE (reprint author), Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA.; Halliburton, LE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM Larry.Halliburton@mail.wvu.edu OI Grabar, Alexander/0000-0002-2551-7036 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [16RT0053]; Science and Technology Center in Ukraine; European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (STCU/EOARD Project) [P438a] FX The work at the Air Force Institute of Technology was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR Project 16RT0053) and the work at the Uzhgorod National University was supported by the Science and Technology Center in Ukraine and the European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (STCU/EOARD Project P438a). The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 13 AR 133101 DI 10.1063/1.4963825 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DZ8XE UT WOS:000386155100001 ER PT J AU Kitjaruwankul, S Khrutto, C Sompornpisut, P Farmer, BL Pandey, RB AF Kitjaruwankul, Sunan Khrutto, Channarong Sompornpisut, Pornthep Farmer, B. L. Pandey, R. B. TI Asymmetry in structural response of inner and outer transmembrane segments of CorA protein by a coarse-grain model SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; INTERACTION POTENTIALS; MAGNESIUM TRANSPORT; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MG2+; MECHANISM; SELECTIVITY; PARAMETERS; SYSTEM AB Structure of CorA protein and its inner (i.corA) and outer (o.corA) transmembrane (TM) components are investigated as a function of temperature by a coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulation. Thermal response of i.corA is found to differ considerably from that of the outer component, o.corA. Analysis of the radius of gyration reveals that the inner TM component undergoes a continuous transition from a globular conformation to a random coil structure on raising the temperature. In contrast, the outer transmembrane component exhibits an abrupt (nearly discontinuous) thermal response in a narrow range of temperature. Scaling of the structure factor shows a globular structure of i.corA at a low temperature with an effective dimension D similar to 3 and a random coil at a high temperature with D similar to 2. The residue distribution in o. corA is slightly sparser than that of i.corA in a narrow thermos-responsive regime. The difference in thermos-response characteristics of these components (i.corA and o.corA) may reflect their unique transmembrane functions. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Kitjaruwankul, Sunan] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Sci Sriracha, Sriracha Campus, Chon Buri 20230, Thailand. [Khrutto, Channarong; Sompornpisut, Pornthep] Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Chem, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Farmer, B. L.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Pandey, R. B.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Sompornpisut, P (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Chem, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM pornthep.s@chula.ac.th FU Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, Chulalongkorn University FX R.B.P. would like to thank Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University for warm hospitality and stimulating interactions with the group of Computational Chemistry Unit Cell during his visit. Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, Chulalongkorn University is gratefully acknowledged for the support to P.S. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 7 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 13 DI 10.1063/1.4963807 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DZ8XP UT WOS:000386156200043 PM 27782431 ER PT J AU Murphy, NR Moreno-Tarango, AJ Ramana, CV Sun, LR Jones, JG Grant, JT AF Murphy, Neil R. Moreno-Tarango, Adbeel J. Ramana, C. V. Sun, Lirong Jones, John G. Grant, John T. TI Hybrid co-deposition of molybdenum doped niobium pentoxide (NbxMoyOz) thin films SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Optical materials; Thin films; Oxide materials; Vapor deposition; Electronic band structure; Optical properties ID REACTIVE SPUTTERING PROCESSES; ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTIES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NB2O5 FILMS; OXIDE-FILMS; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; GROWTH; GERMANIUM AB Mixed valent thin films, consisting of optically absorbing metallic cations within a dielectric matrix, possess a variety of optical and electronic properties that can be tailored through variation of dopant concentration and chemistry. This work details the reactive magnetron co-deposition of mixed valent NbxMoyOz thin films, systematically doped with optically absorbing Mo5+ cations, through adjustment of the molybdenum source power. Control over the concentration the Mo5+ valence state was achieved through decreases in the oxygen partial pressure facilitated via oxygen chemisorption by the molybdenum sputter flux at power levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 W, while the Nb source was operated concurrently at a constant sputter power of 200 W. The resulting films, roughly 100 nm in thickness, were characterized using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry as well as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in order to derive a process-property relationship among molybdenum source power and its effects on the refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical band gap, as influenced by the relative concentrations of Mo5+, Mo6+, and Nb5+ cations. Increases in the molybdenum source power from 0 to 100 W allow for tailorability of the refractive index, 2.29 <= n(550) <= 2.34, extinction coefficient, 0.00 <= k(550) <= 0.02, and optical band gap, 3.05 <= E-g <= 3.48 eV. The co-deposition procedure used within this work affords the ability to systematically adjust the content of the absorbing Mo5+ cations, from 0 to 3 at. %, within a dielectric matrix comprised of MoO3 and Nb2O5, presenting several opportunities in increasing the design-space for both optical coatings and electrochromic devices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Murphy, Neil R.; Jones, John G.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Moreno-Tarango, Adbeel J.; Ramana, C. V.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Mech Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Sun, Lirong] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, 5100 Springfield St, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Grant, John T.] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. RP Murphy, NR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM neil.murphy.1@us.af.mil FU National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF-PREM grant [DMR-1205302] FX The authors of this work would like to thank Dr. Kurt Eyink for several meaningful discussions on ellipsometry data collection and fitting procedures, Mr. Matthew Zielewski for assistance with surface characterization, and Ms. Asheley Blackford for her role in facilitating collaboration between the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) and the Air Force Research Laboratory. Authors at UTEP acknowledge, with pleasure, support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) with NSF-PREM grant # DMR-1205302. One of the authors, Adbeel Moreno-Tarango, is thankful for the internship opportunity by the US Air Force through the Collaborative Research Program to perform research work at the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD OCT 5 PY 2016 VL 681 BP 350 EP 358 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.04.233 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DM6EL UT WOS:000376443300043 ER PT J AU Foster, GM Faber, G Yao, YF Yang, CC Heller, ER Look, DC Brillson, LJ AF Foster, G. M. Faber, G. Yao, Y. -F. Yang, C. C. Heller, E. R. Look, D. C. Brillson, L. J. TI Direct measurement of defect and dopant abruptness at high electron mobility ZnO homojunctions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Due to a strong Fermi-level mismatch, about 10% of the electrons in a 5-nm-thick highly Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) layer grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 250 degrees C on an undoped ZnO buffer layer transfer to the ZnO (Debye leakage), causing the measured Hall-effect mobility (mu(H)) of the GZO/ZnO combination to remarkably increase from 34 cm(2)/Vs, in thick GZO, to 64 cm(2)/Vs. From previous characterization of the GZO, it is known that N-D = [Ga] = 1.04 x 10(21) and N-A = [V-Zn] = 1.03 x 10(20) cm(-3), where N-D, N-A, and [V-Zn] are the donor, acceptor, and Zn-vacancy concentrations, respectively. In the ZnO, N-D = 3.04 x 10(19) and N-A = 8.10 x 10(18) cm(-3). Assuming the interface is abrupt, theory predicts mu(H) = 61 cm(2)/Vs, with no adjustable parameters. The assumption of abruptness in [Ga] and [V-Zn] profiles is confirmed directly with a differential form of depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An anneal in Ar at 500 degrees C for 10min somewhat broadens the profiles but causes no appreciable degradation in mu(H) and other electrical properties. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Foster, G. M.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Faber, G.] Columbus Sch Girls, 56 S Columbia Ave, Columbus, OH 43209 USA. [Yao, Y. -F.; Yang, C. C.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Photon & Optoelect, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Heller, E. R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 3005 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Look, D. C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Look, D. C.] Wyle Labs Inc, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Look, D. C.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dreese Lab 205, 2015 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Foster, GM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM foster.887@buckeyemail.osu.edu OI Brillson, Leonard/0000-0003-3527-9761 FU NSF [1305193]; AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0079]; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, The Republic of China [MOST 103-2120 -M-002-002, NSC 102-2221-E-002-204-MY3]; U.S. Air Force Scientific Research Office [AOARD-14-4105] FX L.J.B., G.M.F., and D.C.L. gratefully acknowledge support from NSF Grant No. 1305193 (Charles Ying and Haiyan Wang). Additional DCL support was from AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-10-1-0079. Support for Y.-F.Y. and C.C.Y. was obtained from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, The Republic of China, under the Grant Nos. MOST 103-2120 -M-002-002 and NSC 102-2221-E-002-204-MY3 and from U.S. Air Force Scientific Research Office under the Contract No. AOARD-14-4105. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 3 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 14 AR 143506 DI 10.1063/1.4963888 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DZ8WJ UT WOS:000386152800064 ER PT J AU Magulick, J Womeldorph, C Mays, B Gancayco, J Nelson, A Storms, P Lewis, A Plott, E Krier, M Crouch, H Lewis, L de Harrington, IO AF Magulick, John Womeldorph, Craig Mays, Bryce Gancayco, John Nelson, Austin Storms, Patrick Lewis, Aaron Plott, Eric Krier, Michael Crouch, Helen Lewis, Lisa de Harrington, Ivette Ortiz TI Impact of Elevator Mechanism Endoscope Culture and Quarantine on Availability and Patient Safety: A Multi-center Evaluation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 81st Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 21-26, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [Magulick, John; Womeldorph, Craig; Mays, Bryce; Gancayco, John; Crouch, Helen; Lewis, Lisa; de Harrington, Ivette Ortiz] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Nelson, Austin] Joint Base Elmendorf Richardson Hosp, Joint Base Elmendorf Ric, AK USA. [Storms, Patrick] Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Lewis, Aaron] Mike OCallaghan Fed Hosp, Nellis Afb, NV USA. [Plott, Eric] Keesler Med Ctr, Keesler AFB, MS USA. [Krier, Michael] David Grant Med Ctr, Travis Afb, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 111 SU 1 MA 19 BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EN1IV UT WOS:000395764600019 ER PT J AU Miller, CB Barron, AR AF Miller, C. Brock Barron, Adrian R. TI Doxycycline-Induced Esophageal Ulcers among Deployed US Service Members: A Case Series SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 81st Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 21-26, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [Miller, C. Brock; Barron, Adrian R.] US Air Force, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 111 SU 1 MA 1657 BP S784 EP S785 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EN1IV UT WOS:000395764602501 ER PT J AU Kang, BS Monga, V Rangaswamy, M Abramovich, Y AF Kang, Bosung Monga, Vishal Rangaswamy, Muralidhar Abramovich, Yuri TI Expected Likelihood Approach for Determining Constraints in Covariance Estimation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND-GAUSSIAN CLUTTER; RADAR DETECTION; AIRBORNE RADAR; SIGNALS; MATRIX; PERFORMANCE; NUMBER AB Recent covariance estimation methods for radar space-time adaptive processing exploit practical constraints such as the rank of clutter subspace and the condition number of disturbance covariance to estimate accurate covariance even when training is not generous. While rank and condition number are very effective constraints, often practical nonidealities make it difficult to know them precisely using physical models. Therefore, we propose a method to determine constraints in covariance estimation for radar space-time adaptive processing via an expected likelihood approach. We analyze three cases of constraints: 1) a rank constraint, 2) both rank and noise power constraints, and 3) a condition number constraint. In each case, we formulate precise constraint determination as an optimization problem. For each of the three cases, we derive new analytical results which allow for computationally efficient, practical ways of determining these constraints with formal proofs. Through experimental results from a simulation model and the KASSPER data set, we show that the estimator with optimal constraints obtained by the expected likelihood approach outperforms state-of-the-art alternatives. C1 [Kang, Bosung; Monga, Vishal] Penn State Univ, Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rangaswamy, Muralidhar] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Radar Signal Proc, AFRL RYRT, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Abramovich, Yuri] WR Syst, HF Radar Support, 11351 Random Hills Rd,Suite 400, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Kang, BS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM bkang@psu.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0333, 2311IN] FX Research was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant FA9550-12-1-0333. Dr. Rangaswamy was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Project 2311IN. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 IS 5 BP 2139 EP 2156 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.150819 PG 18 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EK5TM UT WOS:000393988800006 ER PT J AU Jones, AM Rigling, B Rangaswamy, M AF Jones, Aaron M. Rigling, Brian Rangaswamy, Muralidhar TI Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise-Ratio Analysis for Constrained Radar Waveforms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID COLORED NOISE; DESIGN; SUBJECT; CLUTTER; PEAK AB To fully appreciate the benefits of arbitrary waveform design capability for transmit adaptive systems, the trade space between constraints (employed to increase the measure of practicality for radar) and the usual performance driver (signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) needs to be better defined and understood. We address this issue by developing performance models for radar waveforms with cumulative-modulus and energy constraints. Radar waveforms typically require a constant-modulus (constant-amplitude) transmit signal to efficiently exploit the available transmit power. However, recent hardware advances and the capability for arbitrary (phase and amplitude) designed waveforms have forced a reexamination of this assumption in order to quantify the impact of the nonconstant modulus property. We develop performance models for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio as a function of the cumulative modulus for a random colored interference environment and validate the models against measured data. C1 [Jones, Aaron M.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensor Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rigling, Brian] Wright State Univ, Elect Engn, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Jones, Aaron M.] Air Force Res Lab, RYAP, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rangaswamy, Muralidhar] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Radio Frequency Exploitat Branch, RYAP, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Jones, AM (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensor Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Jones, AM (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, RYAP, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM aaron.jones.41@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [14RY10COR] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Project 14RY10COR. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 IS 5 BP 2230 EP 2241 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.150511 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EK5TM UT WOS:000393988800013 ER PT J AU Droz, NC Mathew, SD AF Droz, Nicole C. Mathew, Stephanie D. TI A Case of Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Associated With Sjogren's Syndrome SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB After presenting with nonspecific symptoms, a 52-year-old female was found to have a 3.4 x 2.6 cm retroperitoneal mass resulting in hydronephrosis on abdominal computed tomography scan. After extensive workup including surgical debulking, excisional biopsy, and autoimmune panel, she was found to have idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) with negative staining for immunoglogulin G4 (IgG4). Two years after presentation, the patient developed dyspnea, cough, and xerostomia. Repeat anti-Sjogren Syndrome A and anti-Sjogren Syndrome B titers and labial gland biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of concomitant Sjogren's syndrome (SS). The patient was treated with mycophenolate mofetil with improvement in her symptoms. Most cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis are associated with IgG4-related disease or other autoimmune disease. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported case of SS associated with IRF. Because symptoms of IRF are nonspecific, there is often a delay in diagnosis resulting in end-organ disease such as ureteral obstruction or hydronephrosis. Although IRF is uncommon, it should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal or flank pain, especially in patients with concomitant autoimmune disorders. Early recognition of disease can prevent end-organ damage and, as more cases are diagnosed, its relationship to SS may be elucidated leading to further advances in treatment and surveillance. C1 [Droz, Nicole C.] Wright State Univ, Dept Internal Med, 128 East Apple St,2nd Floor, Dayton, OH 45409 USA. [Mathew, Stephanie D.] US Air Force, Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Droz, NC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Internal Med, 128 East Apple St,2nd Floor, Dayton, OH 45409 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 181 IS 10 BP E1407 EP E1409 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00567 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL3DB UT WOS:000394498700005 PM 27753592 ER PT J AU Lo Monte, L Corigliano, TA Himed, B Baker, CJ AF Lo Monte, Lorenzo Corigliano, Thomas A. Himed, Braham Baker, Christopher J. TI Dynamic range considerations in code division multiple input multiple output radar SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article ID MIMO RADAR; CROSS-CORRELATION; BINARY SEQUENCES; BOUNDS; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) beamforming is examined both theoretically and experimentally to highlight practical performance aspects that require a careful understanding when deciding if the MIMO concept is appropriate for a given application. Specifically, the time division multiplexing (TDM) and code division multiplexing (CDM) cases are compared. While both TDM and CDM form beams that agree closely with predictions, there are significant differences in system performance due to limits on the orthogonality of waveforms that occur when using CDM. These limits are manifested in the peak-to-mean sidelobe ratios, resulting in significant and extended range sidelobes consistent with a value approximately equal to the timebandwidth product, and fairly independent from the number of transmitters or receivers used. In many cases, these sidelobes fundamentally limit the dynamic range of the radar. Simulations and experiments using a TDM/CDM MIMO radar validated these observations. C1 [Lo Monte, Lorenzo] Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 300 Coll Pk Dr, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Corigliano, Thomas A.; Himed, Braham] Air Force Res Lab, RYMD, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Baker, Christopher J.] Aveillant Ltd, 300 Sci Pk, Cambridge, England. RP Lo Monte, L (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 300 Coll Pk Dr, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM lorenzo.lomonte@gmail.com NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8784 EI 1751-8792 J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV JI IET Radar Sonar Navig. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1375 EP 1383 DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0435 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA EJ3GY UT WOS:000393101800006 ER PT J AU Fuchi, K Buskohl, PR Bazzan, G Durstock, MF Reich, GW Vaia, RA Joo, JJ AF Fuchi, Kazuko Buskohl, Philip R. Bazzan, Giorgio Durstock, Michael F. Reich, Gregory W. Vaia, Richard A. Joo, James J. TI Design Optimization Challenges of Origami-Based Mechanisms With Sequenced Folding SO Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics-Transactions of the ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th ASME Mechanisms and Robotics Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB Reconfigurable structures based on origami design are useful for multifunctional applications, such as deployable shelters, solar array packaging, and tunable antennas. Origami provides a framework to decompose a complex 2D to 3D transformation into a series of folding operations about predetermined foldlines. Recent optimization toolsets have begun to enable a systematic search of the design space to optimize not only geometry but also mechanical performance criteria as well. However, selecting optimal fold patterns for large folding operations is challenging as geometric nonlinearity influences fold choice throughout the evolution. The present work investigates strategies for design optimization to incorporate the current and future configurations of the structure in the performance evaluation. An optimization method, combined with finite-element analysis, is used to distribute mechanical properties within an initially flat structure to determine optimal crease patterns to achieve desired motions. Out-of-plane and twist displacement objectives are used in three examples. The influence of load increment and geometric nonlinearity on the choice of crease patterns is studied, and appropriate optimization strategies are discussed. C1 [Fuchi, Kazuko] Wright State Res Inst, 4035 Colonel Glenn Highway,Suite 200, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Buskohl, Philip R.; Durstock, Michael F.; Vaia, Richard A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Bazzan, Giorgio] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Beavercreek, OH 45432 USA. [Reich, Gregory W.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 2210 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Joo, James J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 2210 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Joo, JJ (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, 2210 Eighth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM kazuko.fuchi@wright.edu; philip.buskohl.1@us.af.mil; giorgio.bazzan.1.ctr@us.af.mil; michael.durstock@us.af.mil; gregory.reich.1@us.af.mil; richard.vaia@us.af.mil; james.joo.1@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Ohio Supercomputer Center FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) funding, LRIR 13RQ02COR. This work was supported in part by an allocation of computing time from the Ohio Supercomputer Center. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1942-4302 EI 1942-4310 J9 J MECH ROBOT JI J. Mech. Robot. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 8 IS 5 SI SI AR 051011 DI 10.1115/1.4032442 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA EI9ZZ UT WOS:000392869400013 ER PT J AU Goddard, CR Nistico, G Nakariakov, VM Zimovets, IV White, SM AF Goddard, C. R. Nistico, G. Nakariakov, V. M. Zimovets, I. V. White, S. M. TI Observation of quasi-periodic solar radio bursts associated with propagating fast-mode waves SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: oscillations; Sun: radio radiation; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); methods: observational ID SPATIALLY-RESOLVED OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETOSONIC WAVES; MAGNETOACOUSTIC WAVES; KINK OSCILLATIONS; CURRENT-SHEET; FLARE; CORONA; PULSATIONS; MICROWAVE; EMISSION AB Aims. Radio emission observations from the Learmonth and Bruny Island radio spectrographs are analysed to determine the nature of a train of discrete, periodic radio "sparks" (finite-bandwidth, short-duration isolated radio features) which precede a type II burst. We analyse extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging from SDO/AIA at multiple wavelengths and identify a series of quasi-periodic rapidly propagating enhancements, which we interpret as a fast wave train, and link these to the detected radio features. Methods. The speeds and positions of the periodic rapidly propagating fast waves and the coronal mass ejection (CME) were recorded using running-difference images and time-distance analysis. From the frequency of the radio sparks the local electron density at the emission location was estimated for each. Using an empirical model for the scaling of density in the corona, the calculated electron density was used to obtain the height above the surface at which the emission occurs, and the propagation velocity of the emission location. Results. The period of the radio sparks, delta t(r) = 1.78 +/- 0.04 min, matches the period of the fast wave train observed at 171 A, delta t(EUV) = 1.7 +/- 0.2 min. The inferred speed of the emission location of the radio sparks, 630 km s(-1), is comparable to the measured speed of the CME leading edge, 500 km s(-1), and the speeds derived from the drifting of the type II lanes. The calculated height of the radio emission (obtained from the density) matches the observed location of the CME leading edge. From the above evidence we propose that the radio sparks are caused by the quasi-periodic fast waves, and the emission is generated as they catch up and interact with the leading edge of the CME. C1 [Goddard, C. R.; Nistico, G.; Nakariakov, V. M.] Univ Warwick, Ctr Fus Space & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Nakariakov, V. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Astron Observ Pulkovo, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Nakariakov, V. M.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Zimovets, I. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst IKI, Profsoyuznaya St 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Zimovets, I. V.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, State Key Lab Space Weather, Zhongguancun Nanertiao 1, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Zimovets, I. V.] Int Space Sci Inst, Zhongguancun Nanertiao 1, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [White, S. M.] US Air Force, Res Labs, Space Vehicles Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Goddard, CR (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Ctr Fus Space & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. EM c.r.goddard@warwick.ac.uk RI Zimovets, Ivan/E-4431-2017 OI Zimovets, Ivan/0000-0001-6995-3684 FU European Research Council under SeismoSun Research Project [321141]; STFC [ST/L000733/1]; RFBR [15-32-21078] FX The work was supported by the European Research Council under the SeismoSun Research Project No. 321141 (C.R.G., V.M.N.), and the STFC consolidated grant ST/L000733/1 (G.N., V.M.N.). I.V.Z. is supported by the RFBR grant No. 15-32-21078. The data is used courtesy of the SDO/AIA team. We thank the referee for their helpful and constructive comments. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 594 AR A96 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628478 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4MG UT WOS:000385832200069 ER PT J AU Reeger, JA Fornberg, B Watts, ML AF Reeger, J. A. Fornberg, B. Watts, M. L. TI Numerical quadrature over smooth, closed surfaces SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE quadrature; surface integral; radial basis functions; radial basis function-finite differences ID RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS; SPHERE; INTEGRATION; DIMENSIONS AB The numerical approximation of definite integrals, or quadrature, often involves the construction of an interpolant of the integrand and its subsequent integration. In the case of one dimension it is natural to rely on polynomial interpolants. However, their extension to two or more dimensions can be costly and unstable. An efficient method for computing surface integrals on the sphere is detailed in the literature (Reeger & Fornberg 2016 Stud. Appl. Math. 137, 174-188. (doi: 10.1111/sapm.12106)). The method uses local radial basis function interpolation to reduce computational complexity when generating quadrature weights for any given node set. This article generalizes this method to arbitrary smooth closed surfaces. C1 [Reeger, J. A.; Watts, M. L.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, 2950 HobsonWay, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Fornberg, B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, 526 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Reeger, JA (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, 2950 HobsonWay, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jonah.reeger@afit.edu FU Department of Defense FX J.A.R. and M.L.W. were supported by the Department of Defense. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 472 IS 2194 AR 20160401 DI 10.1098/rspa.2016.0401 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EG5RA UT WOS:000391100700012 PM 27843402 ER PT J AU O'Brien, WT Hamelin, S Weitzel, EK AF O'Brien, William T. Hamelin, Stefan Weitzel, Erik K. TI The Preoperative Sinus CT: Avoiding a "CLOSE" Call with Surgical Complications SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ARTERY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS; MAJOR COMPLICATIONS; PARANASAL SINUSES; ANATOMIC VARIATIONS; ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY; SINONASAL ANATOMY; FRONTAL RECESS; FOLLOW-UP AB Although functional endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective means of treating patients with recurrent and refractory sinusitis, the procedure is not without risk of serious surgical complications. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) affords radiologists the opportunity to prospectively identify anatomic variants that predispose patients to major surgical complications; however, these critical variants are not consistently evaluated or documented on preoperative imaging reports. The purpose of this review is to illustrate important anatomic variants and landmarks on the preoperative sinus CT with a focus on those that predispose patients to surgical complications. These critical variants and landmarks can be quickly recalled and incorporated into the preoperative imaging report through the use of the mnemonic "CLOSE": Cribriform plate, Lamina papyracea, Onodi cell, Sphenoid sinus pneumatization, and (anterior) Ethmoidal artery. This approach will greatly enhance the value of the preoperative imaging report for referring otolaryngologists and help reduce the risk of surgical complications. (C) RSNA, 2016 C1 [O'Brien, William T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA USA. [O'Brien, William T.; Weitzel, Erik K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hamelin, Stefan] 375th Med Grp, Dept Radiol, Scott AFB, IL USA. [Weitzel, Erik K.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Joint Base San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. RP O'Brien, WT (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, SGQX, 101 Bodin Cir, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM william.obrien.3@us.af.mil NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 2016 VL 281 IS 1 BP 10 EP 21 DI 10.1148/radiol.2016152230 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EG8NJ UT WOS:000391313600004 PM 27643765 ER PT J AU Mhlaba, JM Christianson, LW Davidson, SJ Graves, SN Still, BR Silas, MR Fong, AJ Nassiri, AM Pariser, JJ Langerman, AJ AF Mhlaba, Julie M. Christianson, Laura W. Davidson, Stuart J. Graves, S. Nicholas Still, Brady R. Silas, Megan R. Fong, Abigail J. Nassiri, Ashley M. Pariser, Joseph J. Langerman, Alexander J. TI Field Research in the Operating Room SO ERGONOMICS IN DESIGN LA English DT Article DE teams; health systems; medical products; health products; patient handling; organizational behavior; field methods ID COMMUNICATION; SURGERY; TEAMWORK; POWER; CARE AB Feature at a Glance: The study of the operating room (OR) began over a century ago and has continued to advance. However, for nonmedical researchers, unique challenges present themselves that must be carefully addressed. We present an overview of the OR aimed at nonmedical researchers interested in studying the OR environment. Based on our extensive experience, we identify several key challenges and describe ways to circumvent them. With a respectable understanding of the OR environment, we can prepare a researcher to gather useful data. Such investigations have the potential to yield great insights about cost savings, efficiency, methods, processes, and general human interaction, among others. C1 [Mhlaba, Julie M.] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Mhlaba, Julie M.] Northwestern Univ, Dermatol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Christianson, Laura W.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Christianson, Laura W.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Davidson, Stuart J.; Graves, S. Nicholas; Still, Brady R.] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Davidson, Stuart J.] US Air Force, Washington, DC USA. [Silas, Megan R.] Macneal Mem Hosp, Berwyn, IL USA. [Silas, Megan R.] Univ Chicago, Ophthalmol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Fong, Abigail J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nassiri, Ashley M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Pariser, Joseph J.] Univ Chicago Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Langerman, Alexander J.] Univ Chicago, Operat Performance Res Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Langerman, Alexander J.] Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Langerman, Alexander J.] ExplORer Surg, Chicago, IL USA. RP Mhlaba, JM (reprint author), NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.; Mhlaba, JM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dermatol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1064-8046 EI 2169-5083 J9 ERGON DES JI Ergon. Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 24 IS 4 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1177/1064804616642916 PG 10 WC Ergonomics SC Engineering GA EG3MT UT WOS:000390949800003 ER PT J AU Meilinger, PS AF Meilinger, Phillip S. TI Sound and War SO RUSI JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Sound has always been a factor in war; sometimes used as a weapon, signalling device, motivator or to distract or dismay the enemy. Phillip S Meilinger explores how this use of sound in battle began millennia ago as shouts, war cries and drum rolls, and continues today with the use of rock music and sonic devices to shape the battlefield. C1 [Meilinger, Phillip S.] US Air Force, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Meilinger, PS (reprint author), US Air Force, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-1847 EI 1744-0378 J9 RUSI J JI RUSI J. PD OCT-NOV PY 2016 VL 161 IS 5 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1080/03071847.2016.1253383 PG 6 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA EF6EV UT WOS:000390424800010 ER PT J AU Stinco, P Greco, M Gini, F Himed, B AF Stinco, Pietro Greco, Maria Gini, Fulvio Himed, Braham TI Cognitive Radars in Spectrally Dense Environments SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 [Stinco, Pietro; Greco, Maria; Gini, Fulvio] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, Via G Caruso 16, I-56121 Pisa, Italy. [Himed, Braham] AFRL, RYMD, 2241 Avionics Circle,Bldg 620, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Stinco, P (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, Via G Caruso 16, I-56121 Pisa, Italy. EM pietro.stinco@iet.unipi.it OI Greco, Maria/0000-0002-3804-2949 FU EOARD Grant [FA8655-13-1-3011] FX This work is partially funded by EOARD Grant FA8655-13-1-3011. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8985 EI 1557-959X J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 31 IS 10 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1109/MAES.2016.150193 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ED5VS UT WOS:000388921100004 ER PT J AU Schwertner, HA Stankus, JJ AF Schwertner, Harvey A. Stankus, John J. TI Characterization of the Fluorescent Spectra and Intensity of Dabigatran and Dabigatran Etexilate: Application to HPLC Analysis with Fluorescent Detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIRECT THROMBIN INHIBITOR; HUMAN PLASMA; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VALIDATION; ASSAY; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PHARMACOKINETICS; MS/MS AB There is considerable interest in dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa) and its major metabolite, dabigatran, which has been shown to be an important inhibitor of thrombin and clotting. In this study, the fluorescent excitation and emission spectra of dabigatran and dabigatran etexilate were characterized. In addition, a ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using fluorescent detection was developed for the analysis of dabigatran. Dabigatran and dabigatran etexilate were found to have excitation and emission maxima of 310 and 375 nm and 335 and 400 nm, respectively. UPLC analysis of dabigatran standards and plasma dabigatran samples were analyzed on a reversed phase C-18 column with methanol-water (70: 30, v/v) as the mobile phase. The lower limit of quantitation for dabigatran was 10.0 ng/mL for both the standards and plasma samples. Standard curves were linear from 10.0 to 1000.0 ng/mL (R-2 = 0.995). Within-day coefficient of variations of the fluorometric method at 50.0, 100.0 and 500.0 ng/mL were 1.38%, 4.83% and 2.31%, respectively. The intense fluorescent properties of dabigatran permit the sensitive and specific UPLC or HPLC fluorescent analysis of dabigatran. C1 [Schwertner, Harvey A.] Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surg Ctr, Clin Res, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Stankus, John J.] Univ Incarnate Word, Dept Chem & Biochem, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA. RP Schwertner, HA (reprint author), Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surg Ctr, Clin Res, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM hschwertner@earthlink.net NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0021-9665 EI 1945-239X J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1648 EP 1651 DI 10.1093/chromsci/bmw122 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ED8RT UT WOS:000389139300025 ER PT J AU Lei, JH Zhong, JH Mao, T Hu, LH Yu, T Luan, XL Dou, XK Sutton, E Yue, XA Lin, J Batista, IS AF Lei, Jiuhou Zhong, Jiahao Mao, Tian Hu, Lianhuan Yu, Tao Luan, Xiaoli Dou, Xiankang Sutton, Eric Yue, Xinan Lin, Jian Batista, Inez S. TI Contrasting behavior of the F-2 peak and the topside ionosphere in response to the 2 October 2013 geomagnetic storm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL ELECTRON-CONTENT; MAGNETIC STORMS; BOTTOMSIDE IONOSPHERE; 2003 SUPERSTORMS; THERMOSPHERE; RECOVERY; MODELS AB In this study, the ionospheric observations from ionosondes, ground-based GPS receivers, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and MetOp-A satellites, and Fabry-Perot interferometer over the Asian-Australian sector have been used to investigate the responses of the F-2 peak and the topside ionosphere to the 2 October 2013 geomagnetic storm, particularly during the recovery phase. The comparison between the multiple simultaneous observations revealed a contrasting behavior of the topside ionosphere and the F-2 peak in East Asia during the recovery phase. The upward looking total electron content from low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites did not undergo such depletions as seen in the region near the F-2 peak, and they even showed increases. Furthermore, the simulation results of the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model are used to explore the possible mechanisms responsible for the observed features. The model results and observations suggested that the contrasting behavior of the F-2 peak and the topside ionosphere is mainly associated with the enhancement of the equatorward winds, albeit the disturbed electric fields could play an important role in producing it. C1 [Lei, Jiuhou; Zhong, Jiahao; Luan, Xiaoli; Dou, Xiankang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Lei, Jiuhou] Univ Sci & Technol China, Mengcheng Natl Geophys Observ, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Lei, Jiuhou] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Astronaut Sci & Technol, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Mao, Tian] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Hu, Lianhuan; Yue, Xinan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yu, Tao] China Univ Geosci, Inst Geophys & Geomat, Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Imaging Key Lab, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Sutton, Eric] US Air Force, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Lin, Jian] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Seismol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Batista, Inez S.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. RP Lei, JH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei, Peoples R China.; Lei, JH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Mengcheng Natl Geophys Observ, Hefei, Peoples R China.; Lei, JH (reprint author), Collaborat Innovat Ctr Astronaut Sci & Technol, Harbin, Peoples R China. EM leijh@ustc.edu.cn RI Sutton, Eric/A-1574-2016; Batista, Inez/F-2899-2012; Lei, Jiuhou/A-3015-2012; OI Sutton, Eric/0000-0003-1424-7189; Lei, Jiuhou/0000-0002-4374-5083; Zhong, Jiahao/0000-0001-5130-8185 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41325017, 41274157, 41274158, 41421063]; Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-01]; National Key Basic Research Program of China [2012CB825605]; Thousand Young Talents Program of China FX We acknowledge the Chinese Meridian project for providing ionosonde data over China and FPI data at Kelan, Global Ionospheric Radio Observatory (GIRO) and GIRO Principal Investigator B.W. Reinisch of the University of Massachusetts Lowell (http://ulcar.uml.edu/DIDBase/, http://spase.info/VWO/NumericalData/GIRO/CHARS.PT15M) for making ionosonde data of Guam and Sao Luis available, the World Data Centre of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Space Weather Services (http://www.sws.bom.gov.au/World_Data_Centre) for ionosonde F2 peak data of Darwin and Perth, NASA CDDIS (ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/) for providing the ground-based GPS data at Guam and Darwin, Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) for providing GPS data at Sanya, NASA PO. DAAC (ftp://podaac-ftp.jpl.nasa.gov/) for providing GRACE data, and UCAR CDAAC (http://cdaac-www.cosmic.ucar.edu/) for providing MetOp-A data. This paper uses ionospheric data at Guam from the USAF NEXION Digisonde network, and the NEXION Program Manager is Mark Leahy. The ACE solar wind and IMF data are obtained from CDAWeb (http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/), and AE and SYM-H from World Data Center (http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/). The community model TIEGCM was provided by NCAR HAO (http://www.hao.ucar.edu/modeling/tgcm/), and it was developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research by Raymond G. Roble and collaborators. The model data are available upon request. Thanks to Kazuo Shiokawa and Tulasi Ram Sudarsanam for checking Darwin FPI data. We also appreciate the referees' suggestion, which improved this paper greatly. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41325017, 41274157, 41274158, and 41421063), the Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZZD-EW-01), National Key Basic Research Program of China (2012CB825605), and Thousand Young Talents Program of China. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 10 BP 10549 EP 10563 DI 10.1002/2016JA022959 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED6LA UT WOS:000388965900081 ER PT J AU Ferris, LM Engelke, C AF Ferris, Lyndsey M. Engelke, Carla TI Anoxic Brain Injury Secondary to Metabolic Encephalopathy SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anoxic brain injury; syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone; visual field defect; oculomotor dysfunction; visual information processing deficit; vision therapy; neuroplasticity ID PERSISTENT SYMPTOMS; REHABILITATION; NEUROREHABILITATION; DAMAGE AB Purpose To discuss the clinical case of a patient suffering visual dysfunction secondary to a metabolic brain injury, the patient's visual rehabilitative treatment, and outcomes. Case Report A 24-year-old Caucasian male presented to the Southern Arizona Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System's Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) eye clinic for evaluation and treatment of visual dysfunction secondary to an anoxic brain injury suffered 4 months before. Symptoms included persistent right homonymous hemianopia, oculomotor dysfunction, and a visual information processing deficit. After 5 weeks of vision rehabilitation, the patient was reassessed and displayed significant improvement in both signs and symptoms. Conclusions The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a metabolic syndrome that causes hyponatremia and, in severe cases, encephalopathy and anoxic brain injury. Damage to the visual pathways can produce visual field, ocular motility, and binocular vision deficits. Comprehensive treatment including rehabilitative vision therapy bolstering the natural neuroplasticity process can provide improvements in patients' quality of life. C1 [Ferris, Lyndsey M.] US Air Force, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surg Ctr, Joint Base San Antonio L, TX USA. [Engelke, Carla] Southern Arizona Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Engelke, Carla] Marshal B Ketchum Univ, Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USA. RP Ferris, LM (reprint author), Joint Force Optometry Clin, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Jbsa Lackland, TX 78236 USA. EM Lyndsey.M.Ferris@gmail.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1040-5488 EI 1538-9235 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1319 EP 1327 DI 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000925 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA DZ2JJ UT WOS:000385667800018 PM 27429357 ER PT J AU Hodgson, JYS Barber, KO Hustead, CJ AF Hodgson, Jay Y. S. Barber, Kirk O. Hustead, Christopher J. TI An Inquiry-Based Investigation of Freshwater Diatom Ecology SO AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER LA English DT Article DE Diatoms; habitat heterogeneity; habitat preference; analogous habitat; urban ecology; scientific method AB Understanding habitat heterogeneity and habitat preference are central tenets of undergraduate ecology courses, but many urban campuses, particularly community colleges and others with large student enrollments, may lack the means for extensive field sampling and monitoring. We outline the use of diatoms living in decorative water fountains as a proxy for field sample collection, data analysis, and ecological interpretation. These methods are amenable to undergraduate laboratory courses and independent student research projects. C1 [Hodgson, Jay Y. S.] Armstrong State Univ, Biol, Savannah, GA 31419 USA. [Hustead, Christopher J.] US Air Force, Training Sch, Savannah, GA USA. RP Hodgson, JYS (reprint author), Armstrong State Univ, Biol, Savannah, GA 31419 USA. EM jay.hodgson@armstrong.edu; kb9285@students.armstrong.edu; ch3361@students.armstrong.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU NATL ASSOC BIOLOGY TEACHERS INC PI RESTON PA 12030 SUNRISE VALLEY DR, #110, RESTON, VA 20191 USA SN 0002-7685 EI 1938-4211 J9 AM BIOL TEACH JI Am. Biol. Teach. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 78 IS 8 BP 664 EP 668 DI 10.1525/abt.2016.78.8.664 PG 5 WC Biology; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Education & Educational Research GA ED3DX UT WOS:000388730700007 ER PT J AU O'Rourke, CT Baker, GE Sheehan, AF AF O'Rourke, Colin T. Baker, G. Eli Sheehan, Anne F. TI Using P/S Amplitude Ratios for Seismic Discrimination at Local Distances SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NTS EXPLOSIONS; CENTRAL-ASIA; EARTHQUAKES; MAGNITUDE; PROPAGATION; PHASE; WAVE AB We used a dense seismic network to test the P/S amplitude ratio discriminant for earthquakes and explosions at distances from 20 to 200 km in a complex tectonic setting. We used data from several hundred seismic stations in northern Wyoming to observe 22 earthquakes, 37 mining blasts, and 24 borehole shots and compared their P/S amplitude ratios. Frequencies of 6-8 Hz and above achieved the best discrimination results for single-shot borehole explosions, whereas 6-8 and 8-10 Hz passbands were best for mining blasts. The P/S method appears valid for 50-200 km but fails at distances <50 km. Geologic heterogeneities and path effects have a large effect on amplitude measurements, even after magnitude and distance amplitude corrections are applied. Geologic boundaries between source and receiver that cause sharp lateral discontinuities in seismic velocity can alter the measured P/S ratio, to the point that an event could be misidentified. The source geology is a factor as well, with noticeable amplitude differences between shots in bedrock and shots in sediment. We tested the discrimination performance of the average log (P/S) values of a network of seismometers, which should reduce the discrimination errors caused by these heterogeneities relative to a single station, by bootstrapping the single-station measurements over varying sample sizes. We found that averaging three or four stations achieved significantly better discrimination than just one or two stations. Finally, we corrected the signal amplitude to remove prephase noise to improve P/S discrimination results. This shows promise for improving event discrimination with only simple corrections. C1 [O'Rourke, Colin T.; Baker, G. Eli] US Air Force, Res Lab, Nucl Explos Monitoring, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117 USA. [Sheehan, Anne F.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Geol Sci, 399 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Sheehan, Anne F.] Univ Colorado Boulder, CIRES, 399 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP O'Rourke, CT (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Nucl Explos Monitoring, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117 USA. EM colin.orourke@colorado.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1261681]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-0843657, EAR-1157150, EAR-0844202]; National Research Council (NRC) FX We thank Steve Harder for the Bighorn Arch Seismic Experiment (BASE) borehole shot data and Melissa Dozier for compiling mining blast data when available. Thanks to Eric Erslev, Kate Miller, Megan Anderson, and Christine Siddoway for organizing and coordinating the BASE project, and to William Yeck, Lindsay Worthington, and Zhaohui Yang for major contributions to the BASE data acquisition and data management. We also thank the reviewers whose suggestions and comments made significant improvements to the article. Data from the Transportable Array (TA) network were made freely available as part of the EarthScope USArray facility, operated by Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) and supported by the National Science Foundation, under Cooperative Agreement EAR-1261681. We thank IRIS Program for Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL) for field assistance, and for managing the large amount of instruments used in the BASE project. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant Numbers EAR-0843657, EAR-1157150, and EAR-0844202. This research was performed while the first author held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and through participation in the AFRL Summer Scholars Program. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2320 EP 2331 DI 10.1785/0120160035 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EC8BN UT WOS:000388365100033 ER PT J AU Emo, AK Matthews, G Funke, GJ AF Emo, Amanda K. Matthews, Gerald Funke, Gregory J. TI The slow and the furious: Anger, stress and risky passing in simulated traffic congestion SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE State anger; Trait anger; Driver behavior; Stress; Coping; Risk taking ID DRIVER STRESS; DRIVING BEHAVIOR; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; OCCUPATIONAL STRESS; EMOTION REGULATION; COPING BEHAVIORS; YOUNG DRIVERS; AGGRESSION; STATE; PREDICTION AB 112 college students participated in a study of simulated driving to investigate how trait driver aggression, state anger and coping predict risk-taking behaviors such as tailgating and frequency of passing. The simulation scenario, driving in slow traffic, elicited both anger and stress. However, consistent with the transactional model of driver stress, anger and distress were associated with different patterns of coping. Both anger and aggression were associated with dispositional confrontive coping. Drivers were afforded opportunities to pass other traffic, in risky circumstances. Dispositional coping factors, especially confrontive coping, predicted risk-taking behaviors, such as frequent passing and tailgating prior to the pass. However, trait aggression and anger did not predict risky behaviors. Confrontive drivers may have developed habitual behavioral styles that are expressed irrespective of current mood and coping strategy. The findings suggest that stress or anger management may be only a partial solution to dangerous driving in congested conditions. Further investigation of how drivers acquire confrontive behavioral styles is needed. The data also support multivariate approaches to selecting safe drivers in commercial and industrial contexts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Emo, Amanda K.] Fed Railrd Adm, MS-25,1200 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC 20590 USA. [Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, 3100 Technol Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Funke, Gregory J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 HPW RHCPT,Bldg 33,2255 H St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Emo, AK (reprint author), 734 Potomac View Pkwy, Brunswick, MD 21716 USA. EM amanda.emo@dot.gov NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-8478 EI 1873-5517 J9 TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF JI Transp. Res. Pt. F-Traffic Psychol. Behav. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 42 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.trf.2016.05.002 PN 1 PG 14 WC Psychology, Applied; Transportation SC Psychology; Transportation GA ED3YN UT WOS:000388784500001 ER PT J AU Luckring, JM Boelens, OJ Breitsamter, C Hovelmann, A Knoth, F Malloy, DJ Deck, S AF Luckring, James M. Boelens, Okko J. Breitsamter, Christian Hoevelmann, Andreas Knoth, Florian Malloy, Donald J. Deck, Sebastien TI Objectives, approach, and scope for the AVT-183 diamond-wing investigations SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vortex flow; Diamond wing; Blunt leading edge; UCAV; Wind tunnel experiment; CFD AB A roughly six-year investigation of blunt-leading-edge vortical separation has recently been completed. Principles from a hierarchical complexity approach were used to develop a simple, diamond wing configuration with vortex flow properties that were relevant to those of a complex Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle concept, known as SACCON. The focus of this paper is to present an overview of the project including the basic flow of interest, the approach used to develop,the specific research investigation, and the scope of the results. Subsequent papers address specific experimental and numerical findings. This work was conducted under the NATO Science and Technology Organization, Applied Vehicle Technology panel. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Luckring, James M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Configurat Aerodynam Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Boelens, Okko J.] Natl Aerosp Lab NLR, Appl Computat Fluid Dynam, Dept Flight Phys & Loads, Aerosp Div, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Breitsamter, Christian; Hoevelmann, Andreas; Knoth, Florian] Tech Univ Munch, Inst Aerodynam & Fluid Mech, Munich, Germany. [Malloy, Donald J.] Arnold Engn Dev Complex, US Air Force Anal & Evaluat Branch, TSTA, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. [Deck, Sebastien] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Appl Aerodynam Dept, F-92190 Meudon, France. RP Luckring, JM (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Configurat Aerodynam Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM james.m.luckring@nasa.gov; okko.boelens@nlr.nl; christian.breitsamter@aer.mw.tum.de; andreas.hoevelmann@tum.de; florian.knoth@aer.mw.tum.de; donald.malloy.1@us.af.mil; sebastien.deck@onera.fr OI Deck, Sebastien/0000-0003-1020-0965 FU NASA; NLR programmatic research funding "Kennis voor Vermogen"; Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universitat Munchen; French Aerospace Laboratory ONERA FX The work has been supported by a number of program and project offices. These include the NASA Transformational Tools and Technologies (TTT) and the Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) projects, the NLR programmatic research funding "Kennis voor Vermogen", the Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universitat Munchen, and the French Aerospace Laboratory ONERA. All of this support is appreciated. In addition to the authors, the AEDC CFD analysis was performed by William Sickles and Derick Daniel, and the authors appreciate their contributions. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1270-9638 EI 1626-3219 J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 SI SI BP 2 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.ast.2016.05.025 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EA6LB UT WOS:000386739600002 ER PT J AU Ghoreyshi, M Ryszka, K Cummings, RM Lofthouse, AJ AF Ghoreyshi, Mehdi Ryszka, Krzysztof Cummings, Russell M. Lofthouse, Andrew J. TI Vortical flow prediction of a diamond wing with rounded leading edges SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diamond wing; Vortical flow; Validation; Swept wings with rounded leading edges ID VORTEX FLAPS; DELTA-WINGS; STABILITY; BREAKDOWN AB The objective of this work is to assess the potential and limitations of current practice in computational fluid dynamic modeling in predicting vortical flowfields over a generic 53-degree swept diamond wing with rounded leading edges. This wing was designed under STO AVT Task Group 183 and has a constant NACA 64A-006 airfoil section with a leading edge radius of 0.264 percent chord. CFD simulations were run for different angles of attack at a Mach number of 0.15 and a Reynolds number of 2.7 x 10(6) based on the mean aerodynamic chord to match experiments. The wind tunnel experiments of the diamond wing were carried out in the Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics of the Technische Universitat Munchen, Germany and include aerodynamic lift, drag, and pitch moment measurements as well as span-wise pressure distributions at different chord-wise locations. This data set is used to validate the CFD results. The results presented demonstrate that the CFD compare well with the experiments at small angles of attack; the pitch moments predicted by the SARC turbulence model provide a better match to experimental results than the SA model at moderate angles of attack; and at high angles of attack, CFD predictions are not as good. The flow visualization results show that a leading-edge vortex is formed above the upper surface of the wing at an angle of attack of about eight degrees. This vortex becomes larger and stronger when the angle of attack is increased. With increasing angle of attack, the vortex formation point moves upstream and the vortex core moves inboard towards the wing center. Finally, the computational results show that the flow over the diamond wing is relatively steady throughout the range of angles of attack. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Ghoreyshi, Mehdi; Ryszka, Krzysztof; Cummings, Russell M.; Lofthouse, Andrew J.] US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Ghoreyshi, M (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM Mehdi.Ghoreyshi@usafa.edu FU USAFA [FA70001320018]; High Performance Computing Research Center at USAFA FX Mehdi Ghoreyshi was supported by USAFA under contract FA70001320018; their financial support is gratefully acknowledged. Computer time was provided by the Department of Defense Engineering Research Development Center (ERDC). The experimental data were provided in the framework of STO AVT Task Group 183 by the Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics of the Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany. The authors appreciate the support provided by the High Performance Computing Research Center at USAFA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1270-9638 EI 1626-3219 J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 SI SI BP 103 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ast.2016.02.011 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA EA6LB UT WOS:000386739600009 ER PT J AU Grabowski, C Degnan, JH Parker, JV Camacho, JF Coffey, SK Delaney, RK Domonkos, MT Intrator, TP Lynn, AG McCullough, J Ruden, EL Sommars, W Weber, TE Wurden, GA AF Grabowski, Chris Degnan, James H. Parker, Jerald V. Camacho, J. Frank Coffey, Sean K. Delaney, Rachel K. Domonkos, Matthew T. Intrator, Thomas P. Lynn, Alan G. McCullough, John Ruden, Edward L. Sommars, Wayne Weber, Thomas E. Wurden, Glen A. TI Parallel Triggering and Conduction of Rail-Gap Switches in a High-Current Low-Inductance Crowbar Switch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) colocated with the 20th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC) CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2015 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE DE Plasma devices; pulse power system switches; spark gaps; trigger circuits; triggering ID VACUUM SPARK GAP; FRX-L; PLASMA AB The field-reversed configuration heating experiment ( FRCHX) was designed to form closed-field-line magnetized target plasmas for magnetoinertial fusion and other high energy density plasma research. These plasmas are in a field-reversed configuration and are formed via a reversed-field theta pinch on an already magnetized background plasma. To extend the duration and temporal uniformity of the pinch, the capacitor bank driving the reversed-field discharge is crowbarred near the current peak. Four parallel rail-gap switches are used on the FRCHX for this application to ensure a low-inductance crowbar discharge path and to accommodate the large magnitude of the discharge current ( often greater than 1 MA). Historically, parallel operation of spark gap switches in a crowbarring arrangement has often proved to be difficult due to the very low voltage present on the bank and across the switches at the time of peak current. In a low-inductance design, triggering can be further complicated by the rapid collapse of what little voltage there is across the switches as soon as the first spark gap begins conduction. This paper reports on the efforts that were made to develop a low-inductance crowbar switch for the FRCHX and to ultimately enable successful triggering and operation of the four parallel rail-gap switches used in the crowbar. The design of the low-inductance parallel switch assembly is presented first, followed by a description of the triggering scheme employed to ensure conduction of all four switches. C1 [Grabowski, Chris; Coffey, Sean K.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Degnan, James H.; Domonkos, Matthew T.; McCullough, John; Ruden, Edward L.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Parker, Jerald V.; Camacho, J. Frank; Sommars, Wayne] Leidos Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Delaney, Rachel K.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Intrator, Thomas P.; Weber, Thomas E.; Wurden, Glen A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Magnetized Plasma Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lynn, Alan G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grabowski, C (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM t.c.grabowski@ieee.org; james.degnan.2@us.af.mil; jerald.parker.ctr@us.af.mil; j.camacho.ctr@us.af.mil; skcoffe@sandia.gov; rachel.delaney.1@us.af.mil; matthew.domonkos@us.af.mil; alan.lynn@nrl.navy.mil; john.mccullough.9@us.af.mil; edward.ruden@us.af.mil; wayne.sommars.ctr@us.af.mil; tweber@lanl.gov; wurden@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1997 EP 2012 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2572062 PN 1 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB3CP UT WOS:000387239900021 ER PT J AU Ewald, TJ Walker, JA Lewallen, EA Trousdale, WH Yaszemski, MJ Hanssen, AD Morrey, BF van Wijnen, AJ Sanchez-Sotelo, J Morrey, ME Abdel, MP AF Ewald, Timothy J. Walker, Justin A. Lewallen, Eric A. Trousdale, William H. Yaszemski, Michael J. Hanssen, Arlen D. Morrey, Bernard F. van Wijnen, Andre J. Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin Morrey, Mark E. Abdel, Matthew P. TI Safety of Intra-Articular Implantation of Oligo[Poly(ethylene glycol) Fumarate] Scaffolds into the Rabbit Knee SO TISSUE ENGINEERING PART C-METHODS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC ELBOW STIFFNESS; JOINT CONTRACTURE; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; TISSUE RESPONSE; DRUG-DELIVERY; MODEL; RELEASE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; FUMARATE); EXPRESSION AB Implantable biomaterials supporting extended release of pharmacologic agents may permit localized intra-articular delivery of drugs that modulate the fibrotic response to injuries and surgery. Oligo[poly (ethylene glycol)] fumarate (OPF) is an attractive organic carrier, but its safety profile within synovial joints remains unclear. Here, we assessed the safety of OPF sponges using a validated in vivo model of knee arthrofibrosis. A cohort of 102 rabbits was divided into five groups: arthrotomy only (24), arthrotomy with OPF scaffold placement (24), surgically induced contracture (24), surgically induced contracture with OPF scaffold placement (24), and control without any surgical intervention (6). Six rabbits per surgical group were sacrificed at 72h, 2, 8, and 24 weeks. Outcomes included biomechanical testing of range of motion, histologic analysis of synovial and cartilage tissues, and scaffold degradation. Cartilage histology and biomechanical measurements were comparable between groups with and without OPF. Synovial inflammation scores were similar among most groups with a minimally elevated score in the rabbits with arthrotomy and OPF versus those with arthrotomy alone. Scores for synovial tissues in rabbits with contracture and OPF were clinically equivalent to those with contractures alone. Most animals (92%) retained scaffold fragments at 24 weeks. Thus, OPF scaffolds implanted into native or arthrofibrotic rabbit knees neither induce nor aggravate cartilage damage, synovial inflammation, or contractures. The apparent safety of OPF scaffolds suggests that they are suitable carriers for the controlled delivery of reagents into the intra-articular joint space to treat arthrofibrosis. C1 [Ewald, Timothy J.] US Air Force, Luke AFB, AZ USA. [Walker, Justin A.] Reno Orthopaed Clin, Reno, NV USA. [Lewallen, Eric A.; Trousdale, William H.; Yaszemski, Michael J.; Hanssen, Arlen D.; Morrey, Bernard F.; van Wijnen, Andre J.; Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin; Morrey, Mark E.; Abdel, Matthew P.] Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped Surg, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Abdel, MP (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped Surg, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM abdel.matthew@mayo.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1937-3384 EI 1937-3392 J9 TISSUE ENG PART C-ME JI Tissue Eng. Part C-Methods PD OCT PY 2016 VL 22 IS 10 BP 991 EP 998 DI 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0209 PG 8 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EA8AT UT WOS:000386857000008 PM 27673559 ER PT J AU Adams, SF Demidov, VI Bogdanov, EA Koepke, ME Kudryavtsev, AA Kurlyandskaya, IP AF Adams, S. F. Demidov, V. I. Bogdanov, E. A. Koepke, M. E. Kudryavtsev, A. A. Kurlyandskaya, I. P. TI Control of plasma properties in a short direct-current glow discharge with active boundaries (vol 23, 024501, 2016) SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Correction C1 [Adams, S. F.; Demidov, V. I.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Demidov, V. I.; Koepke, M. E.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Bogdanov, E. A.; Kudryavtsev, A. A.; Kurlyandskaya, I. P.] ITMO Univ, Kronverkskiy Pr 49, St Petersburg 197101, Russia. [Bogdanov, E. A.; Kudryavtsev, A. A.] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Kurlyandskaya, I. P.] St Petersburg Univ, State Fire Serv, EMERCOM RF, Murmansk Branch, Murmansk 183040, Russia. RP Adams, SF (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Demidov, Vladimir/A-4247-2013; Kurlyandskaya, Iya/S-3911-2016 OI Demidov, Vladimir/0000-0002-2672-7684; Kurlyandskaya, Iya/0000-0002-4592-1730 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 109901 DI 10.1063/1.4964670 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500126 ER PT J AU Cai, CP Cooke, DL AF Cai, Chunpei Cooke, David L. TI A simple model for electron temperature in dilute plasma flows SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLUME AB In this short note, we present some work on investigating electron temperatures and potentials in steady dilute plasma flows. The analysis is based on the detailed fluid model for electrons. Ionizations, normalized electron number density gradients, and magnetic fields are neglected. The transport properties are assumed as local constants. With these treatments, the partial differential equation for electron temperature degenerates as an ordinary differential equation. Along an electron streamline, two simple formulas for electron temperature and plasma potential are obtained. These formulas offer some insights, e.g., the electron temperature and plasma potential distributions along an electron streamline include two exponential functions, and the one for plasma potential includes an extra linear distribution function. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Cai, Chunpei] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Cooke, David L.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Cai, CP (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM ccai@mtu.edu FU AFRL [FA9550-15-F-0001] FX This work was supported by AFRL with Contract No. FA9550-15-F-0001. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 103513 DI 10.1063/1.4965229 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500106 ER PT J AU Demidov, VI Adams, SF Miles, JA Koepke, ME Kurlyandskaya, IP AF Demidov, V. I. Adams, S. F. Miles, J. A. Koepke, M. E. Kurlyandskaya, I. P. TI Suprathermal electron energy spectrum and nonlocally affected plasma-wall interaction in helium/air micro-plasma at atmospheric pressure SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DISCHARGE; KINETICS; MICROPLASMA; SPECTROSCOPY AB Details of ground-state and excited-state neutral atoms and molecules in an atmospheric-pressure micro-discharge plasma may be obtained by plasma electron spectroscopy (PLES), based on a wall probe. The presence and transport of energetic (suprathermal) electrons, having a nonlocal origin, are responsible for electrostatic charging of the plasma boundary surfaces to potentials many times that associated with the ambient electron kinetic energy. The energy-flux distribution function is shown to be controllable for applications involving analysis of composition and processes taking place in a multiphase (plasma-gas-solid), chemically reactive, interaction region. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Demidov, V. I.; Adams, S. F.; Miles, J. A.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Demidov, V. I.; Koepke, M. E.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Kurlyandskaya, I. P.] ITMO Univ, Kronverkskiy Pr 49, St Petersburg 197101, Russia. [Kurlyandskaya, I. P.] SPbU SFS EMERCOM RF, Murmansk Branch, Murmansk 183040, Russia. RP Demidov, VI (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Demidov, VI (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM vladimir.demidov@mail.wvu.edu RI Demidov, Vladimir/A-4247-2013; Kurlyandskaya, Iya/S-3911-2016 OI Demidov, Vladimir/0000-0002-2672-7684; Kurlyandskaya, Iya/0000-0002-4592-1730 FU National Research Council; NSF [PHY-1301896]; ITMO University FX The authors are grateful to B. A. Tolson for skillful technical assistance. This research was performed, while one of the authors (V.I.D.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at AFRL. M.K. was supported by NSF Grant No. PHY-1301896. The work of I.P.K. has been supported by ITMO University. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 103508 DI 10.1063/1.4964721 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500101 ER PT J AU Hoff, BW Simon, DS French, DM Lau, YY Wong, P AF Hoff, Brad W. Simon, David S. French, David M. Lau, Y. Y. Wong, Patrick TI Study of a high power sine waveguide traveling wave tube amplifier centered at 8 GHz SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM TRANSPORT; UNIFORM MAGNETIC-FIELD; DIOCOTRON INSTABILITY AB Performance of a 20-stage X-band sine waveguide amplifier, driven by a 40 A, 100 kV, cylindrical electron beam, is studied using numerical simulation and interpreted using Pierce's classical traveling wave tube theory. For an input signal power level of 1.8 kW, particle-in-cell simulations predict gain and bandwidth values exceeding 14 dB and 13%, respectively. For an input signal power level of 7.2 kW, particle-in-cell simulations predict gain and bandwidth values exceeding 12 dB and 15%, respectively, with output power levels exceeding 110kW at peak gain. Also given are: an assessment of the space charge factor (Pierce's QC parameter) for the complex circuit using simulation data, and an evaluation of the harmonic contents in the beam current. C1 [Hoff, Brad W.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Simon, David S.; French, David M.] Leidos, 2109 Airpark Rd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Lau, Y. Y.; Wong, Patrick] Univ Michigan, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hoff, BW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR LRIR 16RDCOR310, FA9550-15-1-0097]; Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program [AFDEK01314625] FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant Nos. AFOSR LRIR 16RDCOR310 and FA9550-15-1-0097, in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory, and in part by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program under Grant No. AFDEK01314625. The authors wish to acknowledge D. P. Chernin of Leidos for his helpful discussions. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 103102 DI 10.1063/1.4964141 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500079 ER PT J AU Kim, DY Nah, C Kang, SW Lee, SH Lee, KM White, TJ Jeong, KU AF Kim, Dae-Yoon Nah, Changwoon Kang, Shin-Woong Lee, Seung Hee Lee, Kyung Min White, Timothy J. Jeong, Kwang-Un TI Free-Standing and Circular-Polarizing Chirophotonic Crystal Reflectors: Photopolymerization of Helical Nanostructures SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE photonic crystal; helical nanostructure; free-standing; circular-polarizing; photopolymerization ID CHOLESTERIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; MESOPOROUS ORGANOSILICA FILMS; POLYMER NETWORKS; COLOR; IRIDESCENT; COMPONENTS; CHAMELEON; MESOGENS; COATINGS; MIRRORS AB The preparation of materials exhibiting structural colors has been intensively studied in biomimetic science and technology. Utilizing a newly synthesized cholesteric liquid-crystal (CLC) monomer (abbreviated as BP1CRM), we have prepared CLC films. Photoinitiated copolymerization of this monomer with a common achiral liquid-crystalline monomer produced free-standing films with homogeneous and nanoscale pitch distributions. Employing the thermal sensitivity of the CLC monomer, chirophotonic crystal reflectors were prepared exhibiting a range of colors. The free-standing and circular-polarizing chirophotonic crystal films maintain excellent thermal, mechanical, and chemical stabilities, and the composition can readily be applied as polarized optical films and smart paints. C1 [Kim, Dae-Yoon; Nah, Changwoon; Jeong, Kwang-Un] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Plus Hapt Polymer Composite Res Team BK21, Jeonju 54896, South Korea. [Kim, Dae-Yoon; Nah, Changwoon; Jeong, Kwang-Un] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Polymer Nano Sci & Technol, Jeonju 54896, South Korea. [Kang, Shin-Woong; Lee, Seung Hee] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept BIN Convergence Technol, Jeonju 54896, South Korea. [Lee, Kyung Min; White, Timothy J.] US Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Jeong, KU (reprint author), Chonbuk Natl Univ, Plus Hapt Polymer Composite Res Team BK21, Jeonju 54896, South Korea.; Jeong, KU (reprint author), Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Polymer Nano Sci & Technol, Jeonju 54896, South Korea. EM kujeong@jbnu.ac.kr FU BRL [2015042417]; MOTIE [10047806]; MOTIE-KDRC [10051334]; Mid-Career Researcher Program of Korea [2016R1A2B2011041] FX This work was mainly supported by BRL (2015042417), MOTIE (10047806), MOTIE-KDRC (10051334), and Mid-Career Researcher Program (2016R1A2B2011041) of Korea. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9570 EP 9576 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b04949 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600058 ER PT J AU Vangala, S Kimani, M Peterson, R Stites, R Snure, M Tassev, V AF Vangala, Shivashankar Kimani, Martin Peterson, Rita Stites, Ron Snure, Michael Tassev, Vladimir TI Thick orientation-patterned growth of GaP on wafer-fused GaAs templates by hydride vapor phase epitaxy for frequency conversion SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE GaP; GaAs; Wafer fusion; Hydride vapor phase epitaxy; Nonlinear optical materials ID HVPE; TEMPERATURE; GENERATION; FILMS AB Quasi-phase-matched (QPM) GaP layers up to 300 mu m thick have been produced by low-pressure hydride vapor phase epitaxy (LP-HVPE) overgrowth on orientation-patterned GaAs (OPGaAs) templates fabricated using a wafer-fusion bonding technique. The growth on the OPGaAs templates resulted in up to 200 mu m thick vertically propagating domains, with a total GaP thickness of 300 mu m. The successful thick growth on OPGaAs templates is the first step towards solving the material problems associated with unreliable material quality of commercially available GaP wafers and making the whole process of designing QPM frequency conversion devices molecular beam epitaxy free and more cost-effective. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vangala, Shivashankar; Kimani, Martin; Peterson, Rita; Stites, Ron; Snure, Michael; Tassev, Vladimir] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Vangala, Shivashankar] SURVICE Engn, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Vangala, S (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM shivashankar.vangala.ctr@wpafb.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [13RY09COR] FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract No 13RY09COR. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 EI 1873-1252 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 60 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.07.003 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EA5FJ UT WOS:000386644500011 ER PT J AU Merkel, C Hasan, R Soures, N Kudithipudi, D Taha, T Agarwal, S Marinella, M AF Merkel, Cory Hasan, Raqibul Soures, Nicholas Kudithipudi, Dhireesha Taha, Tarek Agarwal, Sapan Marinella, Matthew TI Neuromemristive Systems: Boosting Efficiency through Brain-Inspired Computing SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Neuromemristive systems (NMSs) are gaining traction as an alternative to conventional CMOS-based von Neumann systems because of their greater energy and area efficiency. A proposed NMS accelerator for machine-learning tasks reduced power dissipation by five orders of magnitude, relative to a multicore reduced-instruction set computing processor. C1 [Merkel, Cory] US Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Washington, DC USA. [Soures, Nicholas] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kudithipudi, Dhireesha] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Taha, Tarek] Univ Dayton, Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Agarwal, Sapan; Marinella, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Merkel, C (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Washington, DC USA. EM cory.merkel.1@us.af.mil; hasanm1@udayton.edu; nms9121@g.rit.edu; dxkeec@rit.edu; ttaha@ieee.org; sagarwa@sandia.gov; mmarine@sandia.gov OI Agarwal, Sapan/0000-0002-3676-6986 FU Hardware Acceleration of Adaptive Neural Algorithms Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Grand Challenge; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Work at Sandia National Laboratories was funded by the Hardware Acceleration of Adaptive Neural Algorithms Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Grand Challenge. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 56 EP 64 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500007 ER PT J AU Lee, R AF Lee, Ryan TI Threatcasting SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material AB Threatcasting and science fiction intersect when people begin to consider the future and hold conversations about the threats we might encounter. C1 [Lee, Ryan] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Lee, R (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM c18ryan.lee@usafa.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500014 ER PT J AU Turner, DB Kelly, TD Peterson, GR Reding, JD Hengehold, RL Mann, JM Kolis, JW Zhang, X Dowben, PA Petrosky, JC AF Turner, D. B. Kelly, T. D. Peterson, G. R. Reding, J. D. Hengehold, R. L. Mann, J. M. Kolis, J. W. Zhang, X. Dowben, P. A. Petrosky, J. C. TI Electronic structure of hydrothermally synthesized single crystal U0.22Th0.78O2 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; electronic properties; inverse photoemission; ThO2; ultraviolet photoemission; UO2 ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT REACTIONS; VALENCE-BAND PHOTOEMISSION; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; THORIUM CARBIDE; 1ST PRINCIPLES; UO2; THO2; GROWTH AB Single crystals of ThO2, UO2, and their solid solutions, UxTh1-xO2, have been obtained through various hydrothermal growth conditions. This technique offers the better of two other growth processes: (i) single crystal purity as by photochemical growth of nanocrystals; and (ii) large/bulk sizes as obtained by the arc melt method. The band gap of the UxTh1-xO2 single crystal solid solution, along with the luminescence transition, have been characterized. The occupied and unoccupied structures are determined using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopy and the electronic band gap was measured to be 3-4eV. The strain of incorporating U into the ThO2 is analyzed through Vegard's law. In this crystal there are defect and impurity sites, likely arising from the kinetic growth process, giving rise to a similar yet slightly different optical gap evident with cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. There is a major luminescence feature spanning the range from 3.18 to 4.96eV (250-390nm) with a maximum at 4.09eV (303nm), corresponding with the measured electronic band gap. In this paper, the electronic properties of a solid solution U0.22Th0.78O2 are measured and interpreted compared to the pure actinide oxides, ThO2 and UO2. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Turner, D. B.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Kelly, T. D.; Peterson, G. R.; Reding, J. D.; Hengehold, R. L.; Petrosky, J. C.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mann, J. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhang, X.; Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Theodore Jorgensen Hall,855 North 16th St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Turner, DB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM david.turner@afit.edu; james.petrosky@afit.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-14-1-0041]; Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [NSF-DMR-1420645] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (grant no. HDTRA1-14-1-0041) and the Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF-DMR-1420645). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 253 IS 10 BP 1970 EP 1976 DI 10.1002/pssb.201600277 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DZ8DQ UT WOS:000386099500015 ER PT J AU Okusaga, O Fuchs, D Reeves, G Giegling, I Hartmann, AM Konte, B Friedl, M Groer, M Cook, TB Stearns-Yoder, KA Pandey, JP Kelly, DL Hoisington, AJ Lowry, CA Eaton, WW Brenner, LA Rujescu, D Postolache, TT AF Okusaga, Olaoluwa Fuchs, Dietmar Reeves, Gloria Giegling, Ina Hartmann, Annette M. Konte, Bettina Friedl, Marion Groer, Maureen Cook, Thomas B. Stearns-Yoder, Kelly A. Pandey, Janardan P. Kelly, Deanna L. Hoisington, Andrew J. Lowry, Christopher A. Eaton, William W. Brenner, Lisa A. Rujescu, Dan Postolache, Teodor T. TI Kynurenine and Tryptophan Levels in Patients With Schizophrenia and Elevated Antigliadin Immunoglobulin G Antibodies SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE kynurenine; tryptophan; schizophrenia; antigliadine immunoglobulin antibodies; nonceliac gluten sensitivity ID CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY; T-CELL RESPONSES; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DISEASE; INDIVIDUALS; BRAIN; ACID; NEUROINFLAMMATION AB Objective Several studies have reported an association between nonceliac gluten sensitivity and schizophrenia. Immune and kynurenine (KYN) pathways have also been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and certain proinflammatory immune mediators may increase KYN and reduce tryptophan (TRP) levels. Methods We measured serum antigliadin immunoglobulin G (IgG), KYN, and TRP in 950 patients with schizophrenia. Patients with antibody level at the 90th percentile or higher of control participants (21.9% of all patients) were classified as having elevated antigliadin IgG. Independent t tests and linear regression models were used to compare TRP, KYN, and KYN-TRP ratio (indicator of TRP metabolism) between patients with and those without elevated antigliadin IgG. The correlation between antigliadin IgG and TRP, KYN, and the ratio was also evaluated in the patients. Results KYN and KYN-TRP ratio were higher in patients with elevated antigliadin IgG (geometric mean [standard deviation {SD}] = 2.65 [0.25] mu mol/L versus 2.25 [0.23] mu mol/L [p < .001] and 0.05 [0.26] versus 0.04 [0.25; p = .001] respectively), findings robust to adjustment for potential demographic and clinical confounders. Antigliadin IgG positively correlated with KYN and KYN-TRP ratio (r = 0.12, p < .001; r = 0.11, p = .002). TRP did not differ between the two groups and did not correlate with antigliadin IgG. Conclusions Our results connect nonceliac gluten sensitivity with the KYN pathway of TRP metabolism in psychotic illness and hint toward potential individualized treatment targets. C1 [Okusaga, Olaoluwa; Postolache, Teodor T.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Mood & Anxiety Program, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Reeves, Gloria] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Div, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Okusaga, Olaoluwa] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fuchs, Dietmar] Med Univ Innsbruck, Div Biol Chem, Innsbruck, Austria. [Hartmann, Annette M.; Rujescu, Dan] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Dept Psychiat, Halle, Germany. [Groer, Maureen] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Cook, Thomas B.] Mercyhurst Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Erie, PA USA. [Stearns-Yoder, Kelly A.; Hoisington, Andrew J.; Brenner, Lisa A.; Postolache, Teodor T.] Rocky Mt Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr MIREC, Denver, CO USA. [Stearns-Yoder, Kelly A.; Hoisington, Andrew J.; Lowry, Christopher A.; Brenner, Lisa A.; Postolache, Teodor T.] Mil & Vet Microbiome Consortium Res & Educ, Denver, CO USA. [Pandey, Janardan P.] Med Univ South Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC USA. [Kelly, Deanna L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Maryland Psychiat Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Eaton, William W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hoisington, Andrew J.] US Air Force Acad, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Lowry, Christopher A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lowry, Christopher A.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Neurosci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Psychiat, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Neurol, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Postolache, Teodor T.] MIRECC, Vet Integrated Serv Network VISN 5, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Postolache, TT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med Baltimore, Mood & Anxiety Program, 685 W Baltimore St,MSTF Bldg Room 930, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM tpostolache@psych.umaryland.edu FU American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP); AFSP [YIG-0-117-12]; Stanley Laboratory of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Rocky Mountain MIRECC located at the Denver VA Medical Center; VA Capitol Health Care Network (VISN 5) MIRECC, Baltimore, MD FX This study was supported by a Distinguished Investigator Award (PI Postolache, Co-I Rujescu) from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP) and a Young Investigator Award YIG-0-117-12 from AFSP (PI Cook, Mentor Postolache). AFSP played no role in the design and conduct of the study; in data collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and in the preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript. The antibody measurements were supported by the Stanley Laboratory of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. Results interpretation and integration, as well as writing of this report were supported by the Rocky Mountain MIRECC located at the Denver VA Medical Center. Additional support was provided by the VA Capitol Health Care Network (VISN 5) MIRECC, Baltimore, MD. There are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication, and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0033-3174 EI 1534-7796 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 78 IS 8 BP 931 EP 939 DI 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000352 PG 9 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA EA1FW UT WOS:000386338900006 PM 27359171 ER PT J AU Hsu, PS Gragston, M Wu, Y Zhang, ZL Patnaik, AK Kiefer, J Roy, S Gord, JR AF Hsu, Paul S. Gragston, Mark Wu, Yue Zhang, Zhili Patnaik, Anil K. Kiefer, Johannes Roy, Sukesh Gord, James R. TI Sensitivity, stability, and precision of quantitative Ns-LIBS-based fuel-air-ratio measurements for methane-air flames at 1-11 bar SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; LASER-INDUCED PLASMA; INDUCED SPARK; GAS; EMISSION; IGNITION; MIXTURE; ENGINE AB Nanosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (ns-LIBS) is employed for quantitative local fuel-air (F/A) ratio (i.e., ratio of actual fuel-to-oxidizer mass over ratio of fuel-to-oxidizer mass at stoichiometry, measurements in well-characterized methane-air flames at pressures of 1-11 bar). We selected nitrogen and hydrogen atomic-emission lines at 568 nm and 656 nm, respectively, to establish a correlation between the line intensities and the F/A ratio. We have investigated the effects of laser-pulse energy, camera gate delay, and pressure on the sensitivity, stability, and precision of the quantitative ns-LIBS F/A ratio measurements. We determined the optimal laser energy and camera gate delay for each pressure condition and found that measurement stability and precision are degraded with an increase in pressure. We have identified primary limitations of the F/A ratio measurement employing ns-LIBS at elevated pressures as instabilities caused by the higher density laser-induced plasma and the presence of the higher level of soot. Potential improvements are suggested. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Hsu, Paul S.; Patnaik, Anil K.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Gragston, Mark; Wu, Yue; Zhang, Zhili] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Patnaik, Anil K.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Kiefer, Johannes] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Engn, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland. [Kiefer, Johannes] Univ Bremen, Tech Thermodynam, Bremen, Germany. [Gord, James R.] Aerosp Syst Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hsu, PS (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM phsu4031@yahoo.com RI Kiefer, Johannes/C-6522-2008 OI Kiefer, Johannes/0000-0002-0837-3456 FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-15-M-2593, FA8650-16-C-2725, FA8650-15-D-2518, 88ABW-2016-2708]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR: 14RQ06COR]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [KI1396/3-1] FX U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8650-15-M-2593, FA8650-16-C-2725, FA8650-15-D-2518, 88ABW-2016-2708); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (LRIR: 14RQ06COR); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (KI1396/3-1). NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 28 BP 8042 EP 8048 DI 10.1364/AO.55.008042 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DZ3AJ UT WOS:000385715100041 PM 27828047 ER PT J AU Heyler, SG Armenakis, AA Walker, AG Collier, DY AF Heyler, Scott G. Armenakis, Achilles A. Walker, Alan G. Collier, Donovan Y. TI A qualitative study investigating the ethical decision making process: A proposed model SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE Ethical decision making model; Leader decision making; Qualitative research; Inductive model; Grounded theory ID UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR; MORAL AWARENESS; LEADERSHIP; ORGANIZATIONS; PSYCHOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; ISSUES; WORK AB We describe the results of a qualitative research study involving senior military and civilian leaders of the Department of Defense. We followed a grounded theory approach in proposing an inductive model which integrates the theories of ethics, decision making, and leadership with the experiences and formal training of our respondents. Our model accomplishes two purposes. First, it illustrates the complex nature of the intervening steps between moral awareness and ethical/unethical decision outcomes. Second, it depicts a process for developing ethical decision making expertise. The proposed model is intended to stimulate educators, training and development professionals, and practicing leaders to design and implement programs to develop ethical leader decision making. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Heyler, Scott G.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Armenakis, Achilles A.; Walker, Alan G.; Collier, Donovan Y.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Heyler, SG (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM Scott.heyler@usafa.edu; armenac@auburn.edu; Agw0006@auburn.edu; Dyc0001@auburn.edu NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1048-9843 EI 1873-3409 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 27 IS 5 BP 788 EP 801 DI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.05.003 PG 14 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA DY9TE UT WOS:000385477200005 ER PT J AU North, JM Hong, KSJ Cho, PY AF North, James M. Hong, Kyung-Soo Jason Cho, Philip Young TI Clinical Outcomes of 1 kHz Subperception Spinal Cord Stimulation in Implanted Patients With Failed Paresthesia-Based Stimulation: Results of a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial SO NEUROMODULATION LA English DT Article DE Axial pain; chronic pain; high frequency spinal cord stimulation; numeric pain rating scale; Oswestry disability index; paresthesia; patient global impression of change; spinal cord stimulation; subperception stimulation ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTION BLOCK; HIGH-FREQUENCY; BACK-PAIN; PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER; PARAMETERS; NERVE; LIMB AB Background: Pain relief via spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has historically revolved around producing paresthesia to replace pain, with success measured by the extent of paresthesia-pain overlap. In a recent murine study, by Shechter et al., showed the superior efficacy of high frequency SCS (1 kHz and 10 kHz) at inhibiting the effects of mechanical hypersensitivity compared to sham or 50 Hz stimulation. In the same study, authors report there were no differences in efficacy between 1 kHz and 10 kHz delivered at subperception stimulation strength (80% of motor threshold). Therefore, we designed a randomized, 2 x 2 crossover study of low frequency supra-perception SCS vs. subperception SCS at 1 kHz frequency in order to test whether subperception stimulation at 1 kHz was sufficient to provide effective pain relief in human subjects. Methods: Twenty-two subjects with SCS, and inadequate pain relief based on numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) scores (> 5) were enrolled, and observed for total of seven weeks (three weeks of treatment, one week wash off, and another three weeks of treatment). Subjects were asked to rate their pain on NPRS as a primary efficacy variable, and complete the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Patient's Global Impression of Change (PGIC) as secondary outcome measures. Results: Out of 22 subjects that completed the study, 21 subjects (95%) reported improvements in average, best, and worst pain NPRS scores. All NPRS scores were significantly lower with subperception stimulation compared to paresthesia-based stimulation (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). As with NPRS scores, the treatment effect of subperception stimulation was significantly greater than that of paresthesia based stimulation on ODI scores (p = 3.9737 x 10(-5)) and PGIC scores (p = 3.0396 x 10(-5)). C1 [North, James M.; Hong, Kyung-Soo Jason] Carolinas Pain Inst, Clin Res Ctr, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Cho, Philip Young] US Air Force Acad, Math Sci, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. Clin Res Ctr, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Hong, KSJ (reprint author), 145 Kimel Pk Dr Suite 330, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. EM jhong@ccrpain.com FU Boston Scientific FX The research was funded in part by a research grant from Boston Scientific. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1094-7159 EI 1525-1403 J9 NEUROMODULATION JI Neuromodulation PD OCT PY 2016 VL 19 IS 7 BP 731 EP 736 DI 10.1111/ner.12441 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Clinical Neurology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DZ3DB UT WOS:000385723600014 PM 27186822 ER PT J AU Stites, RW McDaniel, SA Barnes, JO Krein, DM Goldsmith, JH Guha, S Cook, G AF Stites, Ronald W. McDaniel, Sean A. Barnes, Jacob O. Krein, Douglas M. Goldsmith, John H. Guha, Shekhar Cook, Gary TI Hot isostatic pressing of transition metal ions into chalcogenide laser host crystals SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID II-VI MATERIALS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DOPED ZNSE; CR-ZNSE; DIFFUSION; CR2+-ZNSE; GROWTH AB This paper describes a technique using a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) for the diffusion of transition metal ions into chalcogenide laser host crystals. Thin layers of chromium metal are sputtered onto the surface of zinc selenide and zinc sulfide crystals before treatment in a HIP chamber. The transmissivities, excited state lifetimes, and diffusion rates are measured for various dopant concentrations. Efficiency, spectral output, and tuning data are also measured for a Cr:ZnSe laser. The diffusion rate of 5.48 x 10(-8) cm(2)/s is two orders of magnitude faster than other techniques reported in the literature, and the sub 140 pm measured linewidth is more than 350 times smaller than what is typical of commercially available crystals. Preliminary results for Fe:ZnSe, Co:ZnSe, and Ni:ZnSe are presented as well. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Stites, Ronald W.; Guha, Shekhar; Cook, Gary] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [McDaniel, Sean A.] Leidos Inc, 3745 Pentagon Blvd, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Barnes, Jacob O.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Krein, Douglas M.] GDIT, 5100 Springfield St, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Goldsmith, John H.] Wyle, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. RP Stites, RW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM ronald.stites.3@us.af.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 3339 EP 3353 DI 10.1364/OME.6.003339 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA DY8WD UT WOS:000385411600030 ER PT J AU Henderson, CJ Kobayashi, KM AF Henderson, Chance J. Kobayashi, Ky M. TI Ulnar-Sided Wrist Pain in the Athlete SO ORTHOPEDIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Ulnar-sided wrist pain; Triangular fibrocartilage complex; Hamate fracture; Pisiform; Hypothenar hammer; Ulnocarpal impaction syndrome; Lunotriquetral ligament tear; Extensor carpi ulnaris tendinitis ID TRIANGULAR FIBROCARTILAGE COMPLEX; IMPACTION SYNDROME; SHORTENING OSTEOTOMY; ARTHROSCOPIC DEBRIDEMENT; LUNOTRIQUETRAL LIGAMENT; INJURIES; HAMATE; TEARS; FRACTURE; HOOK AB Ulnar-sided wrist pain can be a challenging entity for the hand surgeon and even more so in the athletic population. The authors present 8 causes of ulnar-sided wrist pain in an athlete (hook of hamate fracture, pisiform fracture, hypothenar hammer syndrome, triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries, ulnocarpal impaction syndrome, lunotriquetral ligament tears, extensor carpi ulnaris tendinitis, subluxation of extensor carpi ulnaris) and their associated imaging and treatment options. C1 [Henderson, Chance J.] USAF Acad, Hand Surg, 4102 Pinion Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Kobayashi, Ky M.] Colorado Ctr Orthopaed Excellence, 2446 Res Pkwy,Suite 200, Colorado Springs, CO 80920 USA. RP Henderson, CJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Hand Surg, 4102 Pinion Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM chance.henderson@us.af.mil NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0030-5898 EI 1558-1373 J9 ORTHOP CLIN N AM JI Orthop. Clin. North Am. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 47 IS 4 BP 789 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ocl.2016.05.017 PG 11 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA DZ5JT UT WOS:000385899100017 PM 27637665 ER PT J AU Stith, SM Milner, JS Fleming, M Robichaux, RJ Travis, WJ AF Stith, Sandra M. Milner, Joel S. Fleming, Matthew Robichaux, Rene J. Travis, Wendy J. TI Intimate Partner Physical Injury Risk Assessment in a Military Sample SO PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; intimate partner violence; physical injury; domestic violence; military ID PREDICTIVE-VALIDITY; VIOLENCE; RECIDIVISM; INFERENCE; ABUSE AB Objectives: This paper describes the development of an actuarial risk assessment instrument (the Intimate Partner Physical Injury-Risk Assessment Tool; IPPI-RAT) designed to be used by military providers to assess the likelihood that an individual who has had an alleged incident of intimate partner violence (IPV) will have a subsequent incident resulting in a physical injury to the victim. Method: Providers used a 58-item structured risk assessment tool to assess individuals with alleged IPV incidents (N = 199). Across a 6-month period, alleged victims were asked to call an automated telephone system to report subsequent incidents of IPV and physical injury (N = 1,082 calls). An item analysis was used to select the items that significantly differentiated the "physical injury" group from the "other" group (i.e., comparison group). Results: Fifteen items from the 58-item tool significantly predicted future physical injury and were used to create a 15-item IPPI-RAT scale. The area under the curve (Area Under the Receiver Operator Curve, AUC) value for the tool was .78, 95% CI [.71, .86]. This AUC value indicates there is a 78% chance that a randomly selected member of the physical injury group would have a higher risk score than a randomly selected member of the "other" (i.e., comparison) group. Conclusions: Findings support the tool's utility for assessing risk for future physical injury as part of a comprehensive IPV risk assessment in reported IPV incidents in the military. C1 [Stith, Sandra M.] Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, 101 Campus Creek Complex, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Milner, Joel S.; Fleming, Matthew] Northern Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, Dept Psychol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Robichaux, Rene J.] US Army Med Command, Behav Hlth Div, San Antonio, TX USA. [Travis, Wendy J.] US Air Force, Div Mental Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Travis, Wendy J.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA. RP Stith, SM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, 101 Campus Creek Complex, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM sstith@ksu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture: National Institute of Food and Agriculture; United States Army; United States Air Force; Department of Defense FX The first two authors of this paper acknowledge funding from the United States Department of Agriculture: National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Army, United States Air Force, and the Department of Defense in support of this project, and the guidance of many military colleagues who have provided leadership support for this project including: David Lloyd, JD, and Katherine Robertson, MSW, Office of Secretary of Defense, Family Advocacy Program, Carla Monroe-Posey, PhD, Pamela S. Collins, MSW, and Maureen Simmons, MSW, United States Air Force Family Advocacy Program. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of Brooke Army Medical Center, the U.S. Army Medical Department, the U.S. Army Office of the Surgeon General, the U.S. Air Force Academy, the U.S. Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 2152-0828 EI 2152-081X J9 PSYCHOL VIOLENCE JI Psychol. Violence PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 529 EP 541 DI 10.1037/a0039969 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies GA DZ5PV UT WOS:000385914900005 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Bae, HR Gobal, K Penmetsa, R AF Clark, Daniel L., Jr. Bae, Ha-Rok Gobal, Koorosh Penmetsa, Ravi TI Engineering Design Exploration Using Locally Optimized Covariance Kriging SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference CY JAN 04-08, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP AIAA ID EFFICIENT GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; METAMODELING TECHNIQUES; NONSTATIONARY; MODELS AB Surrogate models are used in many engineering applications where actual function evaluations are computationally expensive. Kriging is a flexible surrogate model best suited for interpolating nonlinear system responses with a limited number of training points. It is commonly used to alleviate the high computational cost associated with design exploration techniques: for example, uncertainty quantification and multidisciplinary design optimization. However, when the underlying function shows varying degrees of nonlinear behavior within a design domain of interest, kriging, with a stationary covariance structure, can result in low-quality predictions and an overly conservative expected mean squared error. This effect is often amplified by data collected adaptively and unevenly during iterative design explorations. In this paper, the locally optimized covariance kriging method is proposed to capture the nonstationarity of the underlying function behavior. In locally optimized covariance kriging, the nonstationary behavior of an underlying function is identified with a statistical test process and approximated by aggregating a finite number of locally optimized stationary covariance structures. Compared to traditional stationary kriging, the proposed method provides an efficient and flexible computational framework capable of capturing transitional system behaviors and imposing physical understanding in building a surrogate model. Practical significance of the proposed method is discussed along with numerical examples. C1 [Clark, Daniel L., Jr.; Bae, Ha-Rok; Gobal, Koorosh] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Penmetsa, Ravi] US Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Clark, DL (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 54 IS 10 BP 3160 EP 3175 DI 10.2514/1.J054860 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX5TH UT WOS:000384444400019 ER PT J AU Cullis, BJ LaBranche, DF AF Cullis, Brian J. LaBranche, David F. TI Applying Geospatial Information and Services Capabilities Beyond the Battlespace SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOSPATIAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Basing; Common Operational Picture; Geospatial Information and Services; GIS Adoption; GIS Diffusion; Installation; Shared Situational Awareness; Situational Awareness AB While geospatial information resources have traditionally imparted situational awareness in the battlespace, the past twenty years has witnessed broad adoption in other defense environments as well. This paper describes the major catalysts spurring broader investment and use of geospatial information and services (GI&S) beyond the battlespace and into a parallel defense installation mission area known as basingspace. Furthermore, the paper details how the benefits of GI&S for delivering shared situational awareness in both battlespace and basingspace has the National Guard poised to exploit geospatial technologies in a more strategic manner. This paper presents a concise history of how social and technical factors influenced the diffusion of applied geospatial technologies within the defense sector and the potential for greater unity of geospatial efforts for the Department of Defense and the nation. C1 [Cullis, Brian J.] United States Air Force, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [LaBranche, David F.] Def Installat Spatial Data Infrastruct Program, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Cullis, BJ (reprint author), United States Air Force, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IGI PUBL PI HERSHEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1240 USA SN 1947-9654 EI 1947-9662 J9 INT J APPL GEOSPAT R JI Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2016 VL 7 IS 4 BP 64 EP 76 DI 10.4018/IJAGR.2016100106 PG 13 WC Geography SC Geography GA DX6WB UT WOS:000384524700007 ER PT J AU Cochran, DS Hendricks, S Barnes, J Bi, ZM AF Cochran, David S. Hendricks, Steve Barnes, Jason Bi, Zhuming TI Extension of Manufacturing System Design Decomposition to Implement Manufacturing Systems That are Sustainable SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE axiomatic design theory; systems engineering; continuous improvement; return on investment; sustainable manufacturing systems; manufacturing system design AB This paper offers an extension of axiomatic design theory to ensure that leaders, managers, and engineers can sustain manufacturing systems throughout the product lifecycle. The paper has three objectives: to provide a methodology for designing and implementing manufacturing systems to be sustainable in the context of the enterprise, to define the use of performance metrics and investment criteria that sustain manufacturing, and to provide a systems engineering approach that enables continuous improvement (CI) and adaptability to change. The systems engineering methodology developed in this paper seeks to replace the use of the word "lean" to describe the result of manufacturing system design. Current research indicates that within three years of launch, ninety percent of "lean implementations" fail. This paper provides a methodology that leaders, managers, and engineers may use to sustain their manufacturing system design and implementation. C1 [Cochran, David S.; Barnes, Jason] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Syst Engn, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. [Hendricks, Steve] US Air Force, Engn Mech, Tulsa, OK 74119 USA. [Bi, Zhuming] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Mech Engn, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. RP Cochran, DS (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Syst Engn, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. EM cochrand@ipfw.edu; hendrickssd@gmail.com; barnesj@ipfw.edu; bi@ipfw.edu FU Program of Foshan Innovation Team of Science and Technology [2015IT100072]; Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company FX The co-authorship by Zhuming Bi was partially supported by the Program of Foshan Innovation Team of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2015IT100072). Special thanks go to Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, Dr. Don Kinard, LM Senior Fellow, and Mr. Frank Dougherty, LM VP for Aeronautics Manufacturing (Retired), for funding this analysis and research. The authors are pleased that the use of the Product Delivery System Map continues to be used by various LM projects to this day. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1087-1357 EI 1528-8935 J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 SI SI AR 101006 DI 10.1115/1.4034303 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DX7OD UT WOS:000384576700008 ER PT J AU Brown, DK Iacono, ST Cracowski, JM Christensen, K Smith, DW AF Brown, Dakarai K. Iacono, Scott T. Cracowski, Jean-Marc Christensen, Kenneth Smith, Dennis W., Jr. TI Synthesis and characterization of a biphenyl perfluorocyclobutyl (BP-PFCB) polyethylene glycol (PEG) blend compatibilizer SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE semifluorinated polyaryl ethers; PFCB aryl ethers; PFCB aryl ethers blends; PEG ID ARYL ETHER POLYMERS AB Polyethylene glycol (PEG) end-capped trifluorovinyl ether (TFVE) telechelomer was synthesized in one step via esterification of 4-(trifluorovinyloxy) benzoic acid. The new telechelomer was characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), elemental analysis, and by F-19 and H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The telechelomer and 4,4-bis(4-trifluorovinyloxy)biphenyl (BPVE) were thermally copolymerized via step-growth [2+2] cycloaddition at 160 degrees C. The polymerization afforded PEG enchained biphenyl perfluorocyclobutyl (BP-PFCB) copolymers that are solution processable and film forming. These copolymers were characterized by ATR-FTIR, F-19 NMR, and H-1 NMR. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) gave number-average molecular weight (M-n) ranging 11,000 to 12,000. Compatibilization of PEG and a commercial polymer BP-PFCB was achieved utilizing the new PEG BP-PFCB copolymer, 3-co2-4. It was found that 5wt% of 3-co2-4 was ideal to reduce interfacial tension by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, phase homogeneity was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Brown, Dakarai K.; Iacono, Scott T.; Cracowski, Jean-Marc; Christensen, Kenneth; Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Brown, Dakarai K.; Iacono, Scott T.; Cracowski, Jean-Marc; Christensen, Kenneth; Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Ctr Opt Mat Sci & Engn Technol COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Iacono, Scott T.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, 2355 Fairchild Dr,2N225, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Iacono, Scott T.] US Air Force Acad, Chem Res Ctr, 2355 Fairchild Dr,2N225, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Chem, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Univ Texas Dallas, Alan G MacDiramid NanoTech Inst, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. RP Brown, DK; Iacono, ST (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Brown, DK; Iacono, ST (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Ctr Opt Mat Sci & Engn Technol COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM dakaraikbrown@yahoo.com; scott.iacono@usafa.edu RI Christensen, Kenneth/D-3460-2017 FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); NSF EFRI [0937985]; Robert A. Welch Foundation; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (MIPR) [HDTRA13964]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX The authors acknowledge Tetramer Technologies, LLC for donating monomers. This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Partial support is also acknowledged from the NSF EFRI (Grant 0937985) and The Robert A. Welch Foundation. STI acknowledges primary funding support from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (MIPR No. HDTRA13964) and also the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for partial financial support. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-7147 EI 1099-1581 J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL JI Polym. Adv. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1389 EP 1396 DI 10.1002/pat.3808 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DX8NM UT WOS:000384645800016 ER PT J AU Hung, CS Zingarelli, S Nadeau, LJ Biffinger, JC Drake, CA Crouch, AL Barlow, DE Russell, JN Crookes-Goodson, WJ AF Hung, Chia-Suei Zingarelli, Sandra Nadeau, Lloyd J. Biffinger, Justin C. Drake, Carrie A. Crouch, Audra L. Barlow, Daniel E. Russell, John N., Jr. Crookes-Goodson, Wendy J. TI Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; POLYESTER-POLYURETHANE; LIPASE PRODUCTION; FLUORESCENS; BIODEGRADATION; CHLORORAPHIS; AERUGINOSA; SOIL; RNA; PURIFICATION AB Polyester polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used to help protect underlying structural surfaces but are susceptible to biological degradation. PUs are susceptible to degradation by Pseudomonas species, due in part to the degradative activity of secreted hydrolytic enzymes. Microorganisms often respond to environmental cues by secreting enzymes or secondary metabolites to benefit their survival. This study investigated the impact of exposing several Pseudomonas strains to select carbon sources on the degradation of the colloidal polyester polyurethane Impranil DLN (Impranil). The prototypic Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 exhibited Impranil-degrading activities when grown in sodium citrate but not in glucose-containing medium. Glucose also inhibited the induction of Impranil-degrading activity by citrate-fed Pf-5 in a dose-dependent manner. Biochemical and mutational analyses identified two extracellular lipases present in the Pf-5 culture supernatant (PueA and PueB) that were involved in degradation of Impranil. Deletion of the pueA gene reduced Impranil-clearing activities, while pueB deletion exhibited little effect. Removal of both genes was necessary to stop degradation of the polyurethane. Bioinformatic analysis showed that putative Cbr/Hfq/Crc-mediated regulatory elements were present in the intergenic sequences upstream of both pueA and pueB genes. Our results confirmed that both PueA and PueB extracellular enzymes act in concert to degrade Impranil. Furthermore, our data showed that carbon sources in the growth medium directly affected the levels of Impranil-degrading activity but that carbon source effects varied among Pseudomonas strains. This study uncovered an intricate and complicated regulation of P. protegens PU degradation activity controlled by carbon catabolite repression. IMPORTANCE Polyurethane (PU) coatings are commonly used to protect metals from corrosion. Microbiologically induced PU degradation might pose a substantial problem for the integrity of these coatings. Microorganisms from diverse genera, including pseudomonads, possess the ability to degrade PUs via various means. This work identified two extracellular lipases, PueA and PueB, secreted by P. protegens strain Pf-5, to be responsible for the degradation of a colloidal polyester PU, Impranil. This study also revealed that the expression of the degradative activity by strain Pf-5 is controlled by glucose carbon catabolite repression. Furthermore, this study showed that the Impranil-degrading activity of many other Pseudomonas strains could be influenced by different carbon sources. This work shed light on the carbon source regulation of PU degradation activity among pseudomonads and identified the polyurethane lipases in P. protegens. C1 [Hung, Chia-Suei; Zingarelli, Sandra; Nadeau, Lloyd J.; Drake, Carrie A.; Crouch, Audra L.; Crookes-Goodson, Wendy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hung, Chia-Suei; Zingarelli, Sandra; Drake, Carrie A.; Crouch, Audra L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH USA. [Biffinger, Justin C.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Russell, John N., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Crookes-Goodson, WJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM wendy.goodson.1@us.af.mil FU DOD \ AF \ Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [12RX14COR] FX This work, including the efforts of Justin C. Biffinger, Carrie A. Drake, Audra L. Crouch, Daniel E. Barlow, John N. Russell, Wendy J. Crookes-Goodson, Chia Hung, Sandra Zingarelli, and Lloyd J. Nadeau, was funded by DOD vertical bar AF vertical bar Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (12RX14COR). NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 20 BP 6080 EP 6090 DI 10.1128/AEM.01448-16 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX5RP UT WOS:000384439700001 PM 27496773 ER PT J AU He, X Benoit, S Kaspi, R Brueck, SRJ AF He, Xiang Benoit, Steve Kaspi, Ron Brueck, Steven R. J. TI Optically Pumped Continuously Tunable Mid-IR Distributed-Feedback Semiconductor Laser SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Chirped grating; distributed feedback laser; infrared tunable semiconductor laser; molecular spectroscopy; remote sensing ID SUPERSTRUCTURE GRATING SSG; TRANSFER-MATRIX ANALYSIS; EFFECTIVE-INDEX METHOD; DFB LASERS; CASCADE LASERS; WAVE-GUIDES; DBR LASERS; HIGH-POWER; MU-M; RANGE AB An 80-nm continuous, mode-hop-free, wavelength tuning range centered at 3.1 mu m has been demonstrated for a large area, optically pumped mid-infrared type-II semiconductor distributed feedback (DFB) laser with a spectral linewidth of 1.2 nm at 2.5xthreshold and 820 mW single-facet output power operated CW at 80 K, suitable for atmospheric pressure molecular spectroscopy and remote sensing. Wavelength tuning of this DFB laser is achieved by translating the optical pump stripe across the device patterned with a hyperbolically chirped, location-dependent-period grating. The impact of chirp along the gain stripe is clarified and optimized to allow continuous tuning. C1 [He, Xiang] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [He, Xiang] Global Commun Semiconduct LLC, Torrance, CA 90505 USA. [Benoit, Steve] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Benoit, Steve] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kaspi, Ron] US Air Force, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Brueck, Steven R. J.] Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Brueck, Steven R. J.] Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Brueck, SRJ (reprint author), Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.; Brueck, SRJ (reprint author), Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM xhe@gcsincorp.com; steve.benoit@colostate.edu; ron.kaspi@kirtland.af.mil; sbrueck@chtm.unm.edu OI Brueck, Steven/0000-0001-8754-5633 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Army Research Office under SBIR Grant FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and in part by the Army Research Office, under an SBIR Grant to Southwest Sciences, Inc. (Corresponding author: S. R. J. Brueck.) NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 EI 1558-1713 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 IS 10 AR 2200210 DI 10.1109/JQE.2016.2602564 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DX2VC UT WOS:000384229200001 ER PT J AU Anne, S Trosman, S Haffey, T Sindwani, R Geelan-Hansen, K AF Anne, Samantha Trosman, Samuel Haffey, Timothy Sindwani, Raj Geelan-Hansen, Katie TI Charges associated with imaging techniques in evaluation of pediatric hearing loss SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Charges; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Hearing loss ID SEDATION; CHILDREN AB Objective: The best imaging study for evaluation of pediatric hearing loss is debated and it is well known magnetic resonance imaging is more costly than computed tomography. The objective of this study is to evaluate charges of computed tomography temporal bone (CTTB) versus magnetic resonance imaging brain, internal auditory canal/cerebellopontine angle (MRI IAC/CPA), with and without sedation in the pediatric population in order to assess to what extent the charges for the procedure are increased. In addition, differences in need for sedation and duration of sedation will be evaluated. Methods: All patients, 0-18 years that underwent CTTB or MRI IAC/CPA, between January 2013 through December 2014 within department of otolaryngology. Results: 120 CITBs (118 non-sedated and 2 sedated) and 51 MRI IAC/CPAs (32 non-sedated and 19 sedated) were performed. Average charge for non-sedated CTTB was $1856. CTTB scan under sedation incurred total additional charges of $2385. Average charges for non-sedated MRI IAC/CPA was $3770. Technical charges for sedated MRI IAC/CPA was $151 lower ($2858) but had additional sedation charges of $2256, a recovery room charge of $250, and additional professional fees of $1496 for total charges of $7621. 37% of MRI IAC/CPAs needed sedation to be completed in comparison to 1.6% of CTTB. Conclusion: MRI IAC/CPAs are, on average, twice as costly as CTTBs. Almost 40% of patients need sedation to complete MRI IAC/CPA. These considerations may factor into decision making when choosing imaging modality in evaluation of pediatric hearing loss. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Anne, Samantha; Trosman, Samuel; Sindwani, Raj; Geelan-Hansen, Katie] Cleveland Clin, Head & Neck Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Haffey, Timothy] US Air Force, Biloxi, MS 39530 USA. RP Anne, S (reprint author), Cleveland Clin, Head & Neck Inst, Pediat Otolaryngol, 9500 Euclid Ave A71, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM annes@ccf.org NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 EI 1872-8464 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 89 BP 25 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.07.023 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA DW8VL UT WOS:000383933500005 PM 27619023 ER PT J AU Dietrich, KC AF Dietrich, Kevin C. TI Fighter Pilot with Recurrent Central Serous Chorioretinopathy SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE central serous chorioretinopathy; central serous retinopathy; fighter pilot; pilot; G force; aviation medical standards ID MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR AB BACKGROUND: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is usually a self-limiting condition; however, there is potential for recurrence and permanent visual defects. Aviation demands perfect vision to minimize risk to pilots and aircraft. Consequently, this ailment disqualifies pilots and pilots to be. CASE REPORT: A fully trained fighter pilot with 1260 h in fighter airframes has been contending with central serous chorioretinopathy in the right eye over the course of 3 yr. The condition was diagnosed after the member presented with visual disturbances. His course was followed with multiple treatment modalities: watchful waiting, micropulse laser, and rifampin. His disease responded well with rifampin, but was ultimately stopped secondary to elevated liver enzymes. Micropulse laser failed to resolve subretinal fluid. Ultimately the pilot is left with a chronic area of CSC without visual defects and faces career termination. DISCUSSION: Uncompromised vision is inherently crucial in aerospace careers, especially that of a fighter pilot. With persistent CSC resistant to treatment, there is a risk for progression to permanent visual disturbances and/or defects. Safety concerns of authority figures overseeing pilots and aircraft are warranted. However, the concern could be mitigated in air frames that require two pilots. Another factor partially responsible for ending his career is the fear of G force affecting his prognosis. The author is not aware of any other studies illuminating the effects or consideration of excess G force on subretinal fluid in CSC. This is an area that requires further study. C1 [Dietrich, Kevin C.] US Air Force, 307 Boatner Rd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Dietrich, KC (reprint author), US Air Force, 307 Boatner Rd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. EM kevin.dietrich.1@us.af.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 87 IS 10 BP 901 EP 905 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4597.2016 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DX0EL UT WOS:000384034500011 PM 27662355 ER PT J AU Hallenbeck, PC Grogger, M Mraz, M Veverka, D AF Hallenbeck, P. C. Grogger, M. Mraz, M. Veverka, D. TI Solar biofuels production with microalgae SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; Microalgae; Pyrolysis; Biodiesel; Hydrogen; Methane digestion ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; LIPID EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; ALGAL BIOFUELS; HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION; THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION; SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; METHANE PRODUCTION; MARINE MICROALGAE AB With impending climate change and ever decreasing supplies of easily extractable fossil fuel, means to produce renewable and sustainable replacement fuels are being sought. Plants or algae appear ideal since they can use sunlight to fix CO2 into usable fuel or fuel feedstocks. However, as the world population approaches the 1010 (10 billion) mark, the use of agricultural land to produce fuel instead of food cannot be justified. Microalgal biofuel production is under intense investigation due to its promise as a sustainable, renewable biofuel that can be produced using non-arable land and brackish or non-potable water. Some species accumulate high levels of TAGs (triacylglycerols) that can be converted to fatty acid esters suitable as replacement diesel fuels. However, there are many technical barriers to the practical application of microalgae for biofuel production and thus a number of significant challenges need to be met before microalgal biodiesel production becomes a practical reality. These include developing cost-effective cultivation strategies, low energy requiring harvesting technologies, and energy efficient and sustainable lipid conversion technologies. The large culture volumes that will be necessary dictate that the necessary nutrients come from wastewaters, such as the effluents from secondary treatment of sewage. Economical and energy sparing harvesting will require the development of novel flocculation or floatation strategies and new methods of oil extraction/catalysis that avoid the extensive use of solvents. Recent advances in these critical areas are reviewed and some of the possible strategies for moving forward are outlined. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hallenbeck, P. C.; Grogger, M.; Mraz, M.; Veverka, D.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Biol, Life Sci Res Ctr, 2355 Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Hallenbeck, PC (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Biol, Life Sci Res Ctr, 2355 Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM patrick.hallenbeck.ctr@usafa.edu NR 106 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 66 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.024 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800012 ER PT J AU Hanchak, MS Vangsness, MD Ervin, JS Byrd, LW AF Hanchak, M. S. Vangsness, M. D. Ervin, J. S. Byrd, L. W. TI Transient measurement of thin liquid films using a Shack-Hartmann sensor SO INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Thin film; Film thickness; Shack-Hartmann; Meniscus AB A Shack-Hartmann (SH) wavefront sensor was used to measure the thickness of thin liquid films of n-octane on silicon substrates. ASH device consists of an array of microlenses spaced from an image sensor by their effective focal length. A planar wavefront imposed on a SH device would produce uniformly spaced foci on the sensor for each lenslet A distorted wavefront would then shift the foci by a calculable amount. Typically used for optical system alignment and calibration, the SH device was coupled with magnifying optics to determine the distortion of a planar wavefront source upon refraction through a film and reflection by a polished substrate. Geometrical optics, in the form of ray transfer matrices, were used to determine the location and orientation of rays emanating from the film surface given their positions and angles recorded by the SH device. The SH foci movements were translated into sample coordinates and film slopes, which were subsequently integrated to produce the film profile. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hanchak, M. S.; Vangsness, M. D.; Ervin, J. S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Byrd, L. W.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hanchak, MS (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM michael.hanchak@udri.udayton.edu FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [12RX04COR] FX This material is based on research sponsored by U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. 12RX04COR. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research or the U.S. Government. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0735-1933 EI 1879-0178 J9 INT COMMUN HEAT MASS JI Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 77 BP 100 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.07.011 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA DW7IN UT WOS:000383824500013 ER PT J AU Kaszynski, AA Beck, JA Brown, JM AF Kaszynski, Alexander A. Beck, Joseph A. Brown, Jeffrey M. TI Harmonic Convergence Estimation Through Strain Energy Superconvergence SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; PATCH RECOVERY; ERROR ESTIMATION; MODELS AB Grid convergence in finite element analysis (FEA), despite a wide variety of tools available to date, remains an elusive and challenging task. Due to the complex and time-consuming process of remeshing and solving the finite element model (FEM), convergence studies can be a part of the most arduous portion of the modeling process and can even be impossible with FEMs unassociated with CAD. Existing a posteriori methods, such as relative error in the energy norm, provide a near arbitrary indication of the model convergence for eigenfrequencies. This paper proposes a new approach to evaluate the harmonic convergence of an existing model without conducting a convergence study. Strain energy superconvergence (SES) takes advantage of superconvergence points within a FEM and accurately recovers the strain energy within the model using polyharmonic splines, thus providing a more accurate estimate of the system's eigenfrequencies without modification of the FEM. Accurate eigenfrequencies are critical for designing for airfoil resonance avoidance and mistuned rotor response prediction. Traditional error estimation strategies fail to capture harmonic convergence as effectively as SES, potentially leading to a less accurate airfoil resonance and rotor mistuning prediction. C1 [Kaszynski, Alexander A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45434 USA. [Beck, Joseph A.; Brown, Jeffrey M.] US Air Force Res Lab, Turbine Engine Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA. RP Kaszynski, AA (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45434 USA. EM akascap@gmail.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 102501 DI 10.1115/1.4033059 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EX UT WOS:000383888100006 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Torres, D Ebel, JL Sepulveda, N Tan, XB AF Zhang, Jun Torres, David Ebel, John L. Sepulveda, Nelson Tan, Xiaobo TI A Composite Hysteresis Model in Self-Sensing Feedback Control of Fully Integrated VO2 Microactuators SO IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS LA English DT Article DE Hysteresis; microactuators; Prandtl-Ishlinskii model; self-sensing; vanadium dioxide (VO2) ID INVERSE COMPENSATION; PHASE-TRANSITION; IDENTIFICATION; SYSTEMS AB In this paper, a composite hysteresis model is proposed for self-sensing feedback control of vanadium dioxide (VO2)-integrated microactuators. The deflection of the microactuator is estimated with the resistance measurement through the proposed model. To capture the complicated hysteresis between the resistance and the deflection, we exploit the physical understanding that both the resistance and the deflection are determined by hysteretic relationships with the temperature. Since direct temperature measurement is not available, the concept of temperature surrogate, representing the constant current value in Joule heating that would result in a given temperature at the steady state, is explored in the modeling. In particular, the hysteresis between the deflection and the temperature surrogate and the hysteresis between the resistance and the temperature surrogate are captured with a generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii (GPI) model and an extended GPI (EGPI) model, respectively. The composite self-sensing model is obtained by cascading the EGPI model with the inverse GPI model. For comparison purposes, two algorithms, based on a Preisach model and an EGPI model, respectively, are also used to estimate the deflection based on the resistance measurement directly. The proposed self-sensing scheme is evaluated with proportional-integral control of the microactuator under step and sinusoidal references, and its superiority over the other schemes is demonstrated by experimental results. C1 [Zhang, Jun; Torres, David; Sepulveda, Nelson; Tan, Xiaobo] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhang, Jun] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ebel, John L.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Zhang, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM j5zhang@eng.ucsd.edu; torresd5@egr.msu.edu; John.Ebel@us.af.mil; nelsons@egr.msu.edu; xbtan@egr.msu.edu RI Sepulveda, Nelson/E-6536-2011 OI Sepulveda, Nelson/0000-0002-9676-8529 FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 1301243] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CMMI 1301243. Part of the fabrication of the VO2 microactuator used in this work was conducted at the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, which is supported in part by the National Science Foundation. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4435 EI 1941-014X J9 IEEE-ASME T MECH JI IEEE-ASME Trans. Mechatron. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 21 IS 5 BP 2405 EP 2417 DI 10.1109/TMECH.2016.2569499 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA DU8OH UT WOS:000382472600018 ER PT J AU Arunachalam, S Fawaz, S AF Arunachalam, Saravanan Fawaz, Scott TI Test method for corrosion pit-to-fatigue crack transition from a corner of hole in 7075-T651 aluminum alloy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Corrosion pit; Fatigue; dcPD method; AFGROW; Crack growth rate; Marker band; Fractography ID LIFE PREDICTION AB The paper presents a protocol to develop a corrosion pit of the order 120-180 gm and characterize the pit to fatigue transition at three stress levels 70, 120 and 180 MPa. The study was carried out using 7075-T651 aluminum alloy and the pit location was at the corner of the hole, simulating damage at the corner of a fastener hole. The study includes effort undertaken to develop micro pits of various size and consistency in obtaining a narrow size range. In addition, the paper presents analysis of the direct current potential drop (dcPD) data from a propagating fatigue crack to assess the crack nucleation and growth phenomenon from these corrosion micro pits. A stress ratio (R) of 0.65 was used for the above mentioned stress levels. Marker bands were used to determine the crack front as a function of cycles and to study the crack shape evolution from the post-test fracture surface analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The crack growth data from experimental crack dimensions "a" and "c" (where "a" is the dimension through the thickness and "c" the dimension along the specimen width) are in agreement with predictions using (AFGROW, 2014) [1]. Crack growth rates were also compared with that obtained from the Structural Integrity Prognosis System (SIPS) program (Papazian and Anagnostou, 2009) for similar test conditions, and the results are in good agreement. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arunachalam, Saravanan; Fawaz, Scott] US Air Force Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2J2A, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Fawaz, Scott] 3290 Hamal Circle, Monument, CO 80132 USA. RP Arunachalam, S (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2J2A, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM sa@saf-engineering.com; saf@saf-engineering.com FU US Air Force Academy [FA7000-11-2-0011] FX This material is based on research sponsored by the US Air Force Academy under agreement number FA7000-11-2-0011. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies and endorsements, either expressed or implied of the US Air Force Academy or the US Government. Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 EI 1879-3452 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD OCT PY 2016 VL 91 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.021 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DT2PB UT WOS:000381321800006 ER PT J AU Steenbergen, EH Massengale, JA Ariyawansa, G Zhang, YH AF Steenbergen, E. H. Massengale, J. A. Ariyawansa, G. Zhang, Y. -H. TI Evidence of carrier localization in photoluminescence spectroscopy studies of mid-wavelength infrared InAs/InAs1-xSbx type-II superlattices SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Localization; Photoluminescence; Infrared; Superlattice; InAs/InAsSb ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; QUANTUM-WELLS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; RECOMBINATION; EMISSION; INASSB AB The temperature-dependent and excitation-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy characterization of mid-wavelength infrared InAs/InAs1-xSbx type-II superlattices reveals evidence of carrier localization. Carrier localization is apparent in the 8 meV PL peak position blue shift from 4 K to 60 K while the peak full-width-at-half-maximum is non-monotonic, peaking at 25 K before increasing above 60 K. In addition, competition between two recombination processes is evident in the temperature dependent behavior of the PL peak integrated intensity under low excitation conditions: the intensity decreases from 4 K to 80 K, increases from 80 K to 160 K, and decreases above 160 K. Excitation dependent PL studies reveal the dominant recombination mechanism changes from free-to-bound or donor-acceptor-like recombination to excitonic or band-to-band recombination at similar to 60 K. These findings suggest that carrier localization is occurring below 60 K, and the confined carriers are holes as these are unintentionally doped n-type superlattices. The localization potentials are due to variations in the InAs1-xSbx, composition, the interfaces, and the InAs and InAs1-xSbx, layer widths. The width of a Gaussian distribution used to describe the density of states of the band tails due to carrier localization potentials ranges from 2 meV-4 meV. The larger energy corresponds to the smaller period superlattices, indicating the interface compositional variation is more prominent and creates larger localization potentials than in the longer period superlattices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Steenbergen, E. H.; Massengale, J. A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ariyawansa, G.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Zhang, Y. -H.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Photon Innovat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Zhang, Y. -H.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Steenbergen, E. H.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87113 USA. [Massengale, J. A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Steenbergen, EH (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Steenbergen, EH (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87113 USA. EM Elizabeth.Steebergen.1@us.af.mil FU DOD SMART scholarship; DOD ARCS scholarship FX We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Christoph Grein at University of Illinois at Chicago and Dr. Frank Szmulowicz at the University of Dayton Research Institute for insightful theoretical discussions and IQE, Inc. for sample growth. E.H.S. acknowledges funding from the DOD SMART and ARCS scholarships that contributed to the obtaining the samples studied. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 EI 1872-7883 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 178 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.06.020 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DT7CD UT WOS:000381643300062 ER PT J AU Sarkisov, GS Caplinger, J Parada, F Sotnikov, VI AF Sarkisov, G. S. Caplinger, J. Parada, F. Sotnikov, V. I. TI Electrical explosion of Al and Ag wires in air at different pressures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DEPOSITION; TUNGSTEN WIRE; VACUUM AB Experiments with electrically exploding fine Al and Ag wires in air demonstrate a strong dependence of the expanding metal core condition and velocity on ambient pressure. Expansion velocity of the wire core varies by 23 times between similar to 0.2 km/s and similar to 4.6 km/s. The shock-wave velocity at atmospheric pressure is similar to 5km/s and increases to similar to 6 km/s when the pressure is decreased to 50 Torr. The condition of the metal core is strongly dependent on material and whether it is expanding into vacuum or against ambient air pressure. Expansion velocity of the fine Al and Ag wires for different surrounding pressures in general agree with Paschen's Law for air gap. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Sarkisov, G. S.] Raytheon Ktech, Directed Energy Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Caplinger, J.; Parada, F.; Sotnikov, V. I.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sarkisov, GS (reprint author), Raytheon Ktech, Directed Energy Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 12 AR 123303 DI 10.1063/1.4963117 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DZ0WP UT WOS:000385560700014 ER PT J AU Staufferl, HU Roy, S Schmidt, JB Wrzesinski, PJ Gord, JR AF Staufferl, Hans U. Roy, Sukesh Schmidt, Jacob B. Wrzesinski, Paul J. Gord, James R. TI Two-color vibrational, femtosecond, fully resonant electronically enhanced CARS (FREE-CARS) of gas-phase nitric oxide SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STOKES-RAMAN-SCATTERING; DEGENERATE 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-PRESSURE FLAMES; POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; ROTATIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; OH DETECTION; BAND; THERMOMETRY; PROBE AB A resonantly enhanced, two-color, femtosecond time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) approach is demonstrated and used to explore the nature of the frequency-and time-dependent signals produced by gas-phase nitric oxide (NO). Through careful selection of the input pulse wavelengths, this fully resonant electronically enhanced CARS (FREE-CARS) scheme allows rovibronic-state-resolved observation of time-dependent rovibrational wavepackets propagating on the vibrationally excited ground-state potential energy surface of this diatomic species. Despite the use of broadband, ultrafast time-resolved input pulses, high spectral resolution of gas-phase rovibronic transitions is observed in the FREE-CARS signal, dictated by the electronic dephasing timescales of these states. Analysis and computational simulation of the time-dependent spectra observed as a function of pump-Stokes and Stokes-probe delays provide insight into the rotationally resolved wavepacket motion observed on the excited-state and vibrationally excited ground-state potential energy surfaces of NO, respectively. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Staufferl, Hans U.; Roy, Sukesh; Schmidt, Jacob B.] Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Wrzesinski, Paul J.; Gord, James R.] US Air Force, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Staufferl, HU (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM hans.stauffer@gmail.com FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [LRIR: 14RQ06COR, LRIR: 15RQCOR202]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-15-D-2518] FX We are grateful for fruitful discussions with Dr. Anil Patnaik and Dr. Joe Miller. This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Award Nos. LRIR: 14RQ06COR (Dr. Chiping Li, Program Officer) and LRIR: 15RQCOR202 (Dr. Enrique Parra, Program Officer) and by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under Award No. FA8650-15-D-2518. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited (No. 88ABW-2016-2960). NR 88 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 12 AR 124308 DI 10.1063/1.4962834 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DZ0XI UT WOS:000385562600030 PM 27782654 ER PT J AU Jennings, AR Budy, SM Thrasher, CJ Iacono, ST AF Jennings, Abby R. Budy, Stephen M. Thrasher, Carl J. Iacono, Scott T. TI Synthesis of fluorinated silica nanoparticles containing latent reactive groups for post-synthetic modification and for tunable surface energy SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANES; PARTICLES; POLYMER; DESIGN; RESINS AB A new PFCP-based chlorosilane monomer containing a latent reactive fluorine atom was synthesized utilizing a hydrosilylation reaction. This monomer was used to functionalize Stober silica nanoparticles, or network silicas, and the ability to tailor the properties of the functionalized nanoparticles was investigated by reacting the latent reactive fluorinated alkene with various nucleophiles. In order to model the chemical transformations occuring with the PFCP-functionalized particles, a new PFCP-containing molecular silica was prepared using a hydrosilylation reaction. The molecular silica was designed such that it contained a latent reactive fluorine atom and could also undergo post-synthetic modifications with various nucleophiles. The ability to modify the latent reactive group and tune the properties of the molecular and network silicas was verified by multi-nuclear NMR (H-1, C-13, F-19, and Si-29), thermal characterizations, and by investigating the hydrophobicity and surface morphology of spin-cast films prepared from the molecular and network silicas. C1 [Iacono, Scott T.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. US Air Force Acad, Chem Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. RP Iacono, ST (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. EM scott.iacono@usafa.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Edwards Air Force Base, CA; National Research Council (NRC) Post-Doctoral Research Associate Program FX This paper was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Additional support was provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Edwards Air Force Base, CA. ARJ was supported through the National Research Council (NRC) Post-Doctoral Research Associate Program. The DLS was generously provided by Prof. Scott Reed at the University of Colorado at Denver and the 29Si NMR was kindly provided by Prof. David Y. Son at Southern Methodist University. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 EI 2040-3372 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PD SEP 28 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 36 BP 16212 EP 16220 DI 10.1039/c6nr04829c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DX6YI UT WOS:000384531600012 PM 27430324 ER PT J AU Rafique, S Han, L Neal, AT Mou, S Tadjer, MJ French, RH Zhao, HP AF Rafique, Subrina Han, Lu Neal, Adam T. Mou, Shin Tadjer, Marko J. French, Roger H. Zhao, Hongping TI Heteroepitaxy of N-type beta-Ga2O3 thin films on sapphire substrate by low pressure chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE EPITAXY; GROWTH TEMPERATURE; C-PLANE; PHOTODETECTORS; LUMINESCENCE; LAYERS; MOVPE; EDGE AB This paper presents the heteroepitaxial growth of ultrawide bandgap beta-Ga2O3 thin films on c-plane sapphire substrates by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. N-type conductivity in silicon (Si)doped beta-Ga2O3 films grown on sapphire substrate is demonstrated. The thin films were synthesized using high purity metallic gallium (Ga) and oxygen (O-2) as precursors. The morphology, crystal quality, and properties of the as-grown thin films were characterized and analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, photoluminescence and optical, photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, and temperature dependent van der Pauw/Hall measurement. The optical bandgap is similar to 4.76 eV, and room temperature electron mobility of 42.35 cm(2)/V s was measured for a Si-doped heteroepitaxial beta-Ga2O3 film with a doping concentration of 1.32 x 10(18) cm(-3). Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Rafique, Subrina; Han, Lu; Zhao, Hongping] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Neal, Adam T.; Mou, Shin] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Neal, Adam T.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Tadjer, Marko J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [French, Roger H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Zhao, HP (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM hongping.zhao@case.edu RI Zhao, Hongping/H-4724-2011; French, Roger/E-1986-2011 OI French, Roger/0000-0002-6162-0532 FU GHz-THz Electronics portfolio of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX We thank Dr. Nadeem Mahadik from the Naval Research Lab for his inputs on beta-Ga2O3 XRD measurement. Part of the material characterization was performed at the Swagelok Center for Surface Analysis of Materials (SCSAM) at CWRU. S.M. and A.N. thank the funding support from the GHz-THz Electronics portfolio of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 32 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 13 AR 132103 DI 10.1063/1.4963820 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX9WO UT WOS:000384747900022 ER PT J AU Ross, MB Ashley, MJ Schmucker, AL Singamaneni, S Naik, RR Schatz, GC Mirkin, CA AF Ross, Michael B. Ashley, Michael J. Schmucker, Abrin L. Singamaneni, Srikanth Naik, Rajesh R. Schatz, George C. Mirkin, Chad A. TI Structure-Function Relationships for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Active Plasmonic Paper SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLE DIMERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER ELECTRODE; PEN LITHOGRAPHY; SINGLE-MOLECULE; SCATTERING SERS; HOT-SPOTS; NANOSTRUCTURES; RESONANCE; CLUSTERS AB Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful tool for, the specific, rapid, and nondestructive detection of small molecules. For detection applications, it is desirable to develop means for synthesizing SERS substrates that provide large and consistent Raman enhancement, are inexpensive and simple to synthesize, and are active for a wide variety of molecules. Here we demonstrate that nanoparticle colloids (ranging in size from 5 to 100 nm) that are purposely aggregated using electrolytes can be stabilized in the solid state using common filter paper. The SERS substrate enhancement factor (EF) is characterized using trans-1,2-bis(4-pyriclyl)ethylene, and it is observed that an intermediate aggregation state provides the largest substrate EF of similar to 3 x 10(4). Generalized Mie theory is used to investigate the relationship between nanoparticle aggregation extent, cluster geometry, and plasmonic enhancement. Overall; the electrodynamics simulations ate in good agreement with experimental EF Values and provide a framework for understanding which: aggregate structures provide the best enhancement (linear aggregates). The approach outlined here for stabilizing and characterizing deliberately aggregated plasmonic nanoparticles is general and provides a consistent means for testing the SERS substrate properties of nanoparticle colloids that are stabilized in the solid state. C1 [Ross, Michael B.; Schatz, George C.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ashley, Michael J.; Schatz, George C.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ross, Michael B.; Ashley, Michael J.; Schatz, George C.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Schmucker, Abrin L.; Naik, Rajesh R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Schmucker, Abrin L.; Naik, Rajesh R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 Human Performance Wing, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Singamaneni, Srikanth] Washington Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Schatz, GC; Mirkin, CA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Schatz, GC; Mirkin, CA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Schatz, GC; Mirkin, CA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Naik, RR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.; Naik, RR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 Human Performance Wing, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM rajesh.naik@us.af.mil; g-schatz@northwestern.edu; chadnano@northwestern.edu RI Schmucker, Abrin/A-7426-2010; OI Ross, Michael/0000-0002-2511-0594 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0275, FA9550-09-1-0294]; Air Force Research laboratory [FA8650-15-2-5518]; Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0729]; National Science Foundation's MRSEC program [DMR-1121262]; NDSEG graduate fellowship; NSF graduate research fellowship; National Research Council's Research Associateship Award; Office of the Provost; Office for Research; Northwestern University Information Technology; MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center [NSF DMR-1121262]; International Institute for Nanotechnology; State of Illinois, through the IIN FX This research was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA9550-11-1-0275 and FA9550-09-1-0294; Air Force Research laboratory FA8650-15-2-5518; Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research N00014-11-1-0729; and National Science Foundation's MRSEC program (DMR-1121262) and made use of its Shared Facilities at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. M.B.R gratefully acknowledges support through the NDSEG graduate fellowship program, and M.J.A. gratefully acknowledges support through the NSF graduate research fellowship program. A.L.S. gratefully acknowledges support through the National Research Council's Research Associateship Award. This research was supported in part through the computational resources and staff contributions provided for the Quest high performance computing facility at Northwestern University, which is jointly supported by the Office of the Provost, the Office for Research, and Northwestern University Information Technology. This work made use of the EPIC facility (NUANCE Center-Northwestern University), which has received support from the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1121262) at the Materials Research Center, the International Institute for Nanotechnology and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD SEP 22 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 37 SI SI BP 20789 EP 20797 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02019 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DX0EM UT WOS:000384034600036 ER PT J AU Pilchak, AL Shank, J Tucker, JC Srivatsa, S Fagin, PN Semiatin, SL AF Pilchak, Adam L. Shank, Jared Tucker, Joseph C. Srivatsa, Shesh Fagin, Patrick N. Semiatin, S. Lee TI A dataset for the development, verification, and validation of microstructure-sensitive process models for near-alpha titanium alloys SO INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION LA English DT Article DE Titanium; Microstructure; EBSD; Texture; Microtexture; Process simulation; Characterization ID BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION DATA; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; CRACK-GROWTH; TENSION; FATIGUE AB Near-alpha titanium alloys are used for moderate-temperature applications in the early stages of the compressor in gas turbine engines. The quasi-static and fatigue properties of these alloys depend heavily on microstructure due to the absence of hard second phases and inclusions which can nucleate voids or cracks. Moreover, these alloys are known to exhibit a significant reduction in fatigue life when subjected to high mean stress or upon the application of dwell-fatigue cycles. Previous analysis has elucidated the microstructural features that drive these properties; the most important features are the volume fraction, size, and shape of clusters of similarly oriented alpha particles or microtextured regions (MTRs). To date, there have been few efforts to elucidate in a quantitative fashion the evolution of MTRs during thermomechanical processing (TMP). To meet this need, we have performed hot-compression tests on Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si billet material with high-aspect-ratio MTRs at 0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees to the direction of primary metal flow during manufacture (i.e., the billet axis), thoroughly characterized the initial and final microstructures, and quantified field variables via finite-element method (FEM) process simulations for each experiment. These data can be used for a variety of purposes including the development, verification, and validation of models for microstructure/ texture/ microtexture evolution and defect formation. C1 [Pilchak, Adam L.; Semiatin, S. Lee] Air Force Res Lab, AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Shank, Jared; Tucker, Joseph C.; Fagin, Patrick N.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Beavercreek, OH 45432 USA. [Tucker, Joseph C.] Exponent Inc, 3350 Peachtree Rd NE 1125, Atlanta, GA 30326 USA. [Srivatsa, Shesh] Srivatsa Consulting LLC, Cincinnati, OH 45249 USA. RP Pilchak, AL (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM adam.pilchak.1@us.af.mil FU Air Force contract [FA8650-10-D-5226] FX This work was performed as part of the in-house research activities of the Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. The support of laboratory management is greatly appreciated. Several of the authors (JS, JT, SS, PF) were supported through Air Force contract FA8650-10-D-5226 during the time this work was completed. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2193-9764 EI 2193-9772 J9 INTEGR MATER MANUF I JI Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov. PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 5 DI 10.1186/s40192-016-0056-1 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EC3LS UT WOS:000388028200001 ER PT J AU Drummond, JD Reynolds, OR Buckman, MD AF Drummond, Jack D. Reynolds, Odell R. Buckman, Miles D. TI The orbit and size of (87) Sylvia's Romulus from the 2015 apparition SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Satellites of asteroids; Adaptive optics; Image processing ID TRIAXIAL ELLIPSOID DIMENSIONS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS IMAGES; MAIN-BELT ASTEROIDS; ROTATIONAL POLES; SHAPE; LIGHTCURVES; MODELS; CERES AB Using the US Air Force's Starfire Optical Range 3.5 meter telescope with adaptive optics and a laser guidestar, we obtained 68 images of asteroid (87) Sylvia and its satellite Romulus over 6 nights in March and May of 2015. Adding an additional 3 images from earlier observations on one night in November 2012, we are able to derive a circular (but not an eccentric) orbit for Romulus, leading to a density for Sylvia of 1.37 +/- 0.04 gm/cm(3). Extending the time base to 14 years by combining our data with previous observations from Keck, HST, and the VLT reported in the literature, we can fit for a new circular orbit and change the density estimate slightly to 1.35 +/- 0.04 gm/cm(3). By fitting a ratio of two Fourier series to the measured magnitude difference between Sylvia (V=12.5) and Romulus, which ranged from 4.1 to 5.0 in the J-band (lambda = 1.2 mu m), and modeling both as triaxial ellipsoids, we are able to derive prolate spheroid equatorial diameters for Romulus of 41(+/- 27) x 30(+/- 16) km. This assumes that Romulus is rotating synchronously with its 3.64 d orbital period. However, decomposing the differential lightcurve between Sylvia and Romulus reveals a much shorter 7.96 hr rotational period, leading to more elongated prolate spheroid diameters of 82(+/- 7) x 21(+/- 2) km. As far as we know, our 3.5 m telescope is the smallest ground-based telescope to ever image any asteroid's moon. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Drummond, Jack D.; Reynolds, Odell R.; Buckman, Miles D.] US Air Force, Starfire Opt Range, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Drummond, JD (reprint author), US Air Force, Starfire Opt Range, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM jack.drummond.1.ctr@us.af.mil NR 24 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 276 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.04.033 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO8GJ UT WOS:000378020900008 ER PT J AU Aramoon, A Breitzman, TD Woodward, C El-Awady, JA AF Aramoon, Amin Breitzman, Timothy D. Woodward, Christopher El-Awady, Jaafar A. TI Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study of the Curing and Properties of Highly Cross-Linked Epoxy Polymers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE UNIAXIAL DEFORMATION; FORCE-FIELD; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; DEPENDENCE; NETWORKS; NYLON-6; CHAINS; RESINS; MELTS AB In this work, a coarse-grained model is developed for highly cross-linked bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin with diaminobutane hardener. In this model, all conformationally relevant coarse-grained degrees of freedom are accounted for by sampling over the free-energy surfaces of the atomic structures using quantum mechanical simulations. The interaction potentials between nonbonded coarse-grained particles are optimized to accurately predict the experimentally measured density and glass-transition temperature of the system. In addition, a new curing algorithm is also developed to model the creation of highly cross-linked epoxy networks. In this algorithm, to create a highly cross-linked network, the reactants are redistributed from regions with an excessive number of reactive molecules to regions with a lower number of reactants to increase the chances of cross-linking. This new algorithm also dynamically controls the rate of cross-linking at each local region to ensure uniformity of the resulting network. The curing simulation conducted using this algorithm is able to develop polymeric networks having a higher average degree of cross-linking, which is more uniform throughout the simulation cell as compared to that in the networks cured using other curing algorithms. The predicted gel point from the current curing algorithm is in the acceptable theoretical and experimental range of measured values. Also, the resulting cross-linked microstructure shows a volume shrinkage of 5%, which is close to the experimentally measured volume shrinkage of the cured epoxy. Finally, the thermal expansion coefficients of materials in the glassy and rubbery states show good agreement with the experimental values. C1 [Aramoon, Amin; El-Awady, Jaafar A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Breitzman, Timothy D.; Woodward, Christopher] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Aramoon, A; El-Awady, JA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM aaramoo1@jhu.edu; jelawady@jhu.edu OI El-Awady, Jaafar/0000-0002-5715-2481 FU AFOSR/RSL Computational Mathematics Program [FA9550-12-1-0445]; AFRL/RX FX This work has been supported through Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0445 to the Center of Excellence on Integrated Materials Modeling (CEIMM) at Johns Hopkins University, awarded by the AFOSR/RSL Computational Mathematics Program (Manager Dr. A. Sayir) and AFRL/RX (Monitors Dr. C. Woodward and C. Przybyla). This sponsorship is gratefully acknowledged. A.A. would also like to acknowledge the fruitful discussions with Dr. Stephen A. Barr from AFRL. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 8 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 35 BP 9495 EP 9505 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03809 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DV5XY UT WOS:000383005200023 PM 27504803 ER PT J AU Huang, HX Chen, L Varshney, V Roy, AK Kumar, S AF Huang, Haoxiang Chen, Liang Varshney, Vikas Roy, Ajit K. Kumar, Satish TI Investigation of phonon transport and thermal boundary conductance at the interface of functionalized SWCNT and poly (ether-ketone) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-NANOTUBE COMPOSITES; COVALENT FUNCTIONALIZATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HEAT-FLOW; CONDUCTIVITY; GRAPHENE; RESISTANCE; RECTIFICATION; SURFACE AB Carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, and carbon fibers can be used as fillers in amorphous polymers to improve their thermal properties. In this study, the effect of covalent bonding of CNT with poly(ether ketone) (PEK) on interfacial thermal interactions is investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The number of covalent bonds between (20, 20) CNT and PEK is varied in the range of 0-80 (0%-6.25%), and the thermal boundary conductance is computed. The analysis reveals that covalent functionalization of CNT atoms can enhance the thermal boundary conductance by an order of magnitude compared to the non-functionalized CNT-PEK interface at a high degree of CNT functionalization. Besides strengthening the thermal coupling, covalent functionalization is also shown to modify the phonon spectra of CNT. The transient spectral energy analysis shows that the crosslinks cause faster energy exchange from CNT to PEK in different frequency bands. The oxygen atom of hydroxyl group of PEK contributes energy transfer in the low frequency band, while aromatic and carbonyl carbon atoms play a more significant role in high frequency bands. In addition, by analyzing the relaxation time of the spectral temperature of different frequency bands of CNT, it is revealed that with increasing number of bonds, both lower frequency vibrational modes and higher frequency modes efficiently couple across the CNT-PEK interface and contribute in thermal energy transfer from CNT to the matrix. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Huang, Haoxiang; Kumar, Satish] Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chen, Liang] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Varshney, Vikas; Roy, Ajit K.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM satish.kumar@me.gatech.edu RI Chen, Liang/G-1587-2015 OI Chen, Liang/0000-0001-7642-1168 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 9 AR 095102 DI 10.1063/1.4961604 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DW9KN UT WOS:000383978100023 ER PT J AU Gockel, BT Kolesar, RS Rollett, AD AF Gockel, Brian T. Kolesar, Ryan S. Rollett, Anthony D. TI Experimental study of an aerospace titanium alloy under various thermal and tensile loading rate conditions SO INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION LA English DT Article DE Ti-6242S; Constitutive data; Stress-strain curve; Tensile dataset ID MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION AB Microstructure characterization and tensile testing was performed on flat samples machined from a 4.77-mm-thick sheet of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si at a range of temperatures (23 degrees C up to 650 degrees C) and two strain rates (8.33 x 10(-5)/s and 10(-2)/s). A minimum of three repeats were conducted at each test condition. Each test recorded load, displacement, strain, time, and temperature for the duration of the test, and the complete raw data files are provided along with area measurements. The dataset demonstrates the changing strain rate and temperature sensitivity to the yield stress, work-hardening slope, and the ultimate stress. The completeness of this dataset and its possible applications are discussed. The complete data files that were collected along with specimen measurements and microstructural texture files are available at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) repository [1]. C1 [Gockel, Brian T.; Kolesar, Ryan S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Gockel, Brian T.; Rollett, Anthony D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Gockel, BT (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Gockel, BT (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM brian.gockel.1@us.af.mil RI Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012 OI Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2193-9764 EI 2193-9772 J9 INTEGR MATER MANUF I JI Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov. PD SEP 5 PY 2016 VL 5 AR 13 DI 10.1186/s40192-016-0057-0 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EC3LR UT WOS:000388028100001 ER PT J AU Urbas, AM Jacob, Z Dal Negro, L Engheta, N Boardman, AD Egan, P Khanikaev, AB Menon, V Ferrera, M Kinsey, N DeVault, C Kim, J Shalaev, V Boltasseva, A Valentine, J Pfeiffer, C Grbic, A Narimanov, E Zhu, LX Fan, SH Alu, A Poutrina, E Litchinitser, NM Noginov, MA MacDonald, KF Plum, E Liu, XY Nealey, PF Kagan, CR Murray, CB Pawlak, DA Smolyaninov, II Smolyaninova, VN Chanda, D AF Urbas, Augustine M. Jacob, Zubin Dal Negro, Luca Engheta, Nader Boardman, A. D. Egan, P. Khanikaev, Alexander B. Menon, Vinod Ferrera, Marcello Kinsey, Nathaniel DeVault, Clayton Kim, Jongbum Shalaev, Vladimir Boltasseva, Alexandra Valentine, Jason Pfeiffer, Carl Grbic, Anthony Narimanov, Evgenii Zhu, Linxiao Fan, Shanhui Alu, Andrea Poutrina, Ekaterina Litchinitser, Natalia M. Noginov, Mikhail A. MacDonald, Kevin F. Plum, Eric Liu, Xiaoying Nealey, Paul F. Kagan, Cherie R. Murray, Christopher B. Pawlak, Dorota A. Smolyaninov, Igor I. Smolyaninova, Vera N. Chanda, Debashis TI Roadmap on optical metamaterials SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS LA English DT Article DE metamaterials; metasurfaces; nanophotonics; structured materials ID NEGATIVE-INDEX METAMATERIALS; EPSILON-NEAR-ZERO; RECONFIGURABLE PLASMONIC METAMATERIAL; ENHANCED 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; PHOTONIC METAMATERIALS; CONTROLLING LIGHT; THERMAL EMISSION; WAVE-GUIDES; LARGE-AREA AB Optical metamaterials have redefined how we understand light in notable ways: from strong response to optical magnetic fields, negative refraction, fast and slow light propagation in zero index and trapping structures, to flat, thin and perfect lenses. Many rules of thumb regarding optics, such as mu = 1, now have an exception, and basic formulas, such as the Fresnel equations, have been expanded. The field of metamaterials has developed strongly over the past two decades. Leveraging structured materials systems to generate tailored response to a stimulus, it has grown to encompass research in optics, electromagnetics, acoustics and, increasingly, novel hybrid material responses. This roadmap is an effort to present emerging fronts in areas of optical metamaterials that could contribute and apply to other research communities. By anchoring each contribution in current work and prospectively discussing future potential and directions, the authors are translating the work of the field in selected areas to a wider community and offering an incentive for outside researchers to engage our community where solid links do not already exist. C1 [Urbas, Augustine M.; Poutrina, Ekaterina] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jacob, Zubin] Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada. [Jacob, Zubin; Ferrera, Marcello; Kinsey, Nathaniel; DeVault, Clayton; Kim, Jongbum; Shalaev, Vladimir; Boltasseva, Alexandra; Narimanov, Evgenii] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 8 St Mary St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Photon Ctr, 8 St Mary St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, 8 St Mary St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Engheta, Nader] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Boardman, A. D.; Egan, P.] Univ Salford, Inst Mat Res, Joule Phys Lab, Salford M5 4WT, Lancs, England. [Khanikaev, Alexander B.] CUNY Queens Coll, Queens, NY 11367 USA. [Khanikaev, Alexander B.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Queens, NY 11367 USA. [Menon, Vinod] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Menon, Vinod] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Ferrera, Marcello] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, David Brewster Bldg, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. [Valentine, Jason] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Pfeiffer, Carl; Grbic, Anthony] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zhu, Linxiao; Fan, Shanhui] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Zhu, Linxiao; Fan, Shanhui] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Alu, Andrea] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Litchinitser, Natalia M.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Noginov, Mikhail A.] Norfolk State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [MacDonald, Kevin F.; Plum, Eric] Univ Southampton, Optoelect Res Ctr, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [MacDonald, Kevin F.; Plum, Eric] Univ Southampton, Ctr Photon Metamat, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Liu, Xiaoying; Nealey, Paul F.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, 5747 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kagan, Cherie R.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Murray, Christopher B.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Pawlak, Dorota A.] Inst Elect Mat Technol, Ul Wolczynska 133, PL-01919 Warsaw, Poland. [Pawlak, Dorota A.] Univ Warsaw, Ctr New Technol, Ul Banacha 2C, PL-02097 Warsaw, Poland. [Smolyaninov, Igor I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Smolyaninova, Vera N.] Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, NanoSci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon CREOL, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Urbas, AM (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM augustine.urbas@us.af.mil RI Metamaterials, Southampton/E-1171-2014; Alu, Andrea/A-1328-2007; OI Alu, Andrea/0000-0002-4297-5274; MacDonald, Kevin/0000-0002-3877-2976 NR 266 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 32 U2 33 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2040-8978 EI 2040-8986 J9 J OPTICS-UK JI J. Opt. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 AR 093005 DI 10.1088/2040-8978/18/9/093005 PG 53 WC Optics SC Optics GA EF3JR UT WOS:000390221200005 ER PT J AU Jensen, MN AF Jensen, Mark N. TI Gender Integration in the Military: A Rawlsian Approach SO HYPATIA-A JOURNAL OF FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article AB Following the recent decisions by Western militaries to pursue greater integration of women into combat roles, this paper examines the principles that motivate integration and organizes them into a theoretically coherent scheme that could serve as a roadmap for policymakers as they rebuild military institutions and their combat units in an integrated fashion. The strategy of the paper is Rawlsian: the right relationship between the principles that motivate integration can be derived through an application of Rawls's methodology as described in A Theory of Justice. The result is a lexically ordered set of principles that begin with gender-blind equal opportunity but permit adjustments that take gender into account when these adjustments serve the interests of military institutions. The paper concludes with a discussion of two concerns, one practical and one theoretical, that one might have about the account. C1 [Jensen, Mark N.] US Air Force Acad, Philosophy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Jensen, MN (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Philosophy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM mark.jensen@usafa.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-5367 EI 1527-2001 J9 HYPATIA JI Hypatia PD FAL PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 844 EP 857 DI 10.1111/hypa.12264 PG 14 WC Philosophy; Women's Studies SC Philosophy; Women's Studies GA ED3HN UT WOS:000388740300009 ER PT J AU Pilinski, MD McNally, RL Bowman, BA Palo, SE Forbes, JM Davis, BL Moore, RG Kemble, K Koehler, C Sanders, B AF Pilinski, Marcin D. McNally, Rees L. Bowman, Bruce A. Palo, Scott E. Forbes, Jeffrey M. Davis, Bruce L. Moore, R. Gilbert Kemble, Kyle Koehler, Chris Sanders, Brian TI Comparative Analysis of Satellite Aerodynamics and Its Application to Space-Object Identification SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY; MODEL; COEFFICIENTS; VARIABILITY AB The accuracy of atmospheric density measurements inferred from satellite drag is limited by errors in drag coefficient estimates. In this work, we use a unique opportunity in which the Drag and Atmospheric Neutral Density Explorer satellite and three Polar Orbiting Passive Atmospheric Calibration Spheres are deployed from a common launch vehicle. Each object flies through similar atmospheric conditions but has a different area-to-mass ratio. This allows aerodynamic analysis that is independent of atmospheric density via comparisons of measured and modeled ballistic coefficient ratios. A test particle method combined with a satellite energy accommodation model is used to model the aerodynamics of these objects. Fitted ballistic coefficients computed as a result of special-perturbations orbit analysis are then compared to the model results. The drag coefficient model and observations agree at the 1-2% level when coefficient ratios are compared. Comparisons of an additional shape with model predictions are made possible when one of the satellites shed its launch adapter. This work validates the aerodynamic model used here and can be applied in future research to improve models of atmospheric density and predictions of satellite drag. Beyond potential improvements to atmospheric models, the technique presented here is shown to identify objects based on their aerodynamic signature. C1 [Pilinski, Marcin D.] Atmospher & Space Technol Res Associates, Div Space Syst, 5777 Cent Ave, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [McNally, Rees L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 440 Univ Ave, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Bowman, Bruce A.] Space Environm Technol, Space Weather Div, 1676 Palisades Dr, Palisades, CA 90272 USA. [Palo, Scott E.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Res & Engn Ctr Unmanned Vehicles, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, 429 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Palo, Scott E.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Res & Engn Ctr Unmanned Vehicles, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci,Res, 429 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Forbes, Jeffrey M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, 429 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Davis, Bruce L.] ROCCOR, 500 South Arthur Ave, Louisville, CO 80027 USA. [Moore, R. Gilbert] Project POPACS, 3855 Sierra Vista Rd, Monument, CO 80132 USA. [Kemble, Kyle] Air Force Res Lab, Space Expt & Programs Branch, 3550 Aberdeen Ave, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Koehler, Chris; Sanders, Brian] Colorado Space Grant Consortium, 520 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Pilinski, MD (reprint author), Atmospher & Space Technol Res Associates, Div Space Syst, 5777 Cent Ave, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. FU University Nanosat Program FX The authors would like to thank the Drag and Atmospheric Neutral Density Explorer student team and staff at the Colorado Space Grant Consortium for their hard work on making the program a reality. We also acknowledge the University Nanosat Program, which provided funding, much needed guidance, and the flight opportunity for the Drag and Atmospheric Neutral Density Explorer satellite. We thank the Polar Orbiting Passive Atmospheric Spheres team for allowing us to use their satellites in this work. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 EI 1533-6794 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 876 EP 886 DI 10.2514/1.A33482 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ED1FY UT WOS:000388591400009 ER PT J AU Lewis, SW Morgan, RG McIntyre, TJ Alba, CR Greendyke, RB AF Lewis, Steven W. Morgan, Richard G. McIntyre, Timothy J. Alba, Christopher R. Greendyke, Robert B. TI Expansion Tunnel Experiments of Earth Reentry Flow with Surface Ablation SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID SPALLED PARTICLES; GRAPHITE ABLATION; SUBLIMATION; NITRIDATION; CARBON; ENVIRONMENTS; OXIDATION; NITROGEN; REGIME; OXYGEN AB The thermal protection system of a reentry vehicle must endure extreme heating loads, leading to high surface temperatures and associated phenomena such as thermochemical ablation. Accurate modeling and prediction of these processes are critical for determining heat-shield sizing requirements; however, large uncertainties still remain. Due to the high costs associated with flight tests, ground testing remains an economical option for addressing these uncertainties. In this study, experiments with electrically preheated graphite samples are conducted in the University of Queensland's X-2 expansion tunnel. Calibrated spectral measurements of the shock-layer emissions are taken in the wavelength region of 353 to 391 nm, targeting the carbon-nitrogen violet band for surface temperatures from 1770 to 2410 K. It is observed that carbon-nitrogen concentrations clearly increased within the boundary layer at higher surface temperatures. Numerical simulations fail to reproduce this behavior and instead indicate that production should be relatively constant. Increased levels of carbon-nitrogen radiation with surface temperature are also found throughout the entire shock layer and even the freestream, another observation that is not predicted by the simulations. It is proposed that this effect is due to spallation; however, further experiments are required to verify this. C1 [Lewis, Steven W.; Morgan, Richard G.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Hyperson, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [McIntyre, Timothy J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Alba, Christopher R.; Greendyke, Robert B.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Alba, Christopher R.] US Air Force, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Lewis, SW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Hyperson, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. FU Australian Research Council; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council and John Schmisseur, who sponsored this work under a grant from the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The authors would like to thank Fabian Zander for his work in developing the electrical preheating method and for providing the code necessary to postprocess the digital single-lens reflex images, Troy Eichmann for providing code that was adapted to calibrate the spectral data, and David Buttsworth for providing the integrating sphere used as a calibration source. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research or the U.S. Government. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 EI 1533-6794 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 887 EP 899 DI 10.2514/1.A33267 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ED1FY UT WOS:000388591400010 ER PT J AU Banik, JA Maji, AK AF Banik, Jeremy A. Maji, Arup K. TI Structural Scaling Parameters for Rectangular Flexible Blanket Solar Arrays SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB Performance parameters have been used for nearly a century to provide structural designers with simple, rational tools to evaluate competing architectures. Flexible blanket photovoltaic solar arrays of rectangular form are the focus here. Two parameters are created to relate mass of the compression column, photovoltaic blanket, and spreader bar to the loading and geometric quantities. The scaling parameter and scaling index are developed by minimizing array mass and cost through a constraint function and numerical analysis. The scaling parameter provides perspective into the effect of column architecture selection on array performance. The scaling index serves a slightly different purpose because it informs mission planners how the array requirements (acceleration loading, fundamental frequency, and array power) affect the array mass. The greatest opportunity for mass savings comes from reducing length, growing width, and reducing the quantity of beam-column supports. Reducing beam packaged volume has greater payoff than increasing beam mass efficiency. Use of the scaling parameter and index is demonstrated on heritage tensioned blanket systems: Terra, the Milstar constellation, and the International Space Station. C1 [Banik, Jeremy A.] US Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Maji, Arup K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, 210 Univ Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Banik, JA (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 EI 1533-6794 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 936 EP 951 DI 10.2514/1.A32895 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ED1FY UT WOS:000388591400014 ER PT J AU Basu, S McCrae, JE Fiorino, S Przelomski, J AF Basu, Santasri McCrae, Jack E. Fiorino, Steven Przelomski, Jared TI Estimation of temporal variations in path-averaged atmospheric refractive index gradient from time-lapse imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE refractive index; correlation; imaging; meteorology AB The sea level vertical refractive index gradient in the U.S. Standard Atmosphere model is -2.7 x 10(-8) m(-1) at 500 nm. At any particular location, the actual refractive index gradient varies due to turbulence and local weather conditions. An imaging experiment was conducted to measure the temporal variability of this gradient. A tripod mounted digital camera captured images of a distant building every minute. Atmospheric turbulence caused the images to wander quickly, randomly, and statistically isotropically and changes in the average refractive index gradient along the path caused the images to move vertically and more slowly. The temporal variations of the refractive index gradient were estimated from the slow, vertical motion of the building over a period of several days. Comparisons with observational data showed the gradient variations derived from the time-lapse imagery correlated well with solar heating and other weather conditions. The time-lapse imaging approach has the potential to be used as a validation tool for numerical weather models. These validations will benefit directed energy simulation tools and applications. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Basu, Santasri; McCrae, Jack E.; Fiorino, Steven; Przelomski, Jared] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Basu, Santasri] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Przelomski, Jared] Southwestern Ohio Council Higher Educ, 3155 Res Blvd,Suite 204, Dayton, OH 45420 USA. [Przelomski, Jared] West Chester Univ, Dept Phys, 127 Merion Sci Ctr, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. RP Basu, S (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Basu, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM santasri.basu.ctr.in@afit.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University Research Initiative (MURI) Grant FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University Research Initiative (MURI) Grant. This research was also supported in part by an appointment at the Air Force Institute of Technology administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and AFIT. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 AR 090503 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.9.090503 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC6FV UT WOS:000388232800003 ER PT J AU Flores, A Dajani, I Holten, R Ehrenreich, T Andersona, B AF Flores, Angel Dajani, Iyad Holten, Roger Ehrenreich, Thomas Andersona, Brian TI Multi-kilowatt diffractive coherent combining of pseudorandom-modulated fiber amplifiers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE fiber amplifiers; laser beam combining; stimulated Brillouin scattering; phase modulation ID OUTPUT POWER; EFFICIENCY AB We report efficient coherent beam combining of five kW-class fiber amplifiers seeded with pseudorandom phase-modulated light, using a 1 x 5 diffractive optical element (DOE). Each fiber amplifier channel was path length matched, actively polarized, and provided approximately 1.2 kW of near diffraction-limited output power (M-2 < 1.1). A low-power sample of the combined beam after the DOE provided an error signal for active phase stabilization. After phase stabilization, the beams were coherently combined via the DOE. Notably, a total output power of similar to 5 kW was achieved with 82% combining efficiency and excellent beam quality (M-2 < 1.1). The intrinsic DOE splitter loss was 5%. Additional losses due in part to nonideal polarization, amplified spontaneous emission content, uncorrelated wavefront errors, and fractional beam misalignments contributed to the efficiency reduction. Overall, multi-kW beam combining of pseudorandom-modulated fiber amplifiers was demonstrated for the first time. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Flores, Angel; Dajani, Iyad; Andersona, Brian] Kirtland Air Force Base, Directed Energy Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Holten, Roger; Ehrenreich, Thomas] Leidos Holdings Inc, 2109 Air Pk Rd Southeast, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Flores, A (reprint author), Kirtland Air Force Base, Directed Energy Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM afrl.rdlc.sci.org@kirtland.af.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 AR 096101 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.9.096101 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC6FV UT WOS:000388232800048 ER PT J AU Gowring, LE Johnson, R Hivnor, CM Henning, JS AF Gowring, Lena Elizabeth Johnson, Ryan Hivnor, Chad Mitchell Henning, Jeffrey Scott TI Cutaneous Artifactual Disease Represented as Recurrent Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis SO CUTIS LA English DT Letter C1 [Gowring, Lena Elizabeth; Hivnor, Chad Mitchell; Henning, Jeffrey Scott] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Johnson, Ryan] Kellar Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA. RP Gowring, LE (reprint author), Dept Dermatol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM Lena.gowring@us.af.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 EI 2326-6929 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD SEP PY 2016 VL 98 IS 3 BP E6 EP E7 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA EC3IV UT WOS:000388020700003 PM 27814420 ER PT J AU Knipp, DJ Ramsay, AC Beard, ED Boright, AL Cade, WB Hewins, IM McFadden, RH Denig, WF Kilcommons, LM Shea, MA Smart, DF AF Knipp, D. J. Ramsay, A. C. Beard, E. D. Boright, A. L. Cade, W. B. Hewins, I. M. McFadden, R. H. Denig, W. F. Kilcommons, L. M. Shea, M. A. Smart, D. F. TI The May 1967 great storm and radio disruption event: Extreme space weather and extraordinary responses SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIC STORM; SOLAR-FLARES; GEOMAGNETIC STORM; ELECTRON-CONTENT; COSMIC-RAYS; ENHANCEMENTS; DISTURBANCE; IONOSPHERE; RADIATION; PROTONS AB Although listed as one of the most significant events of the last 80 years, the space weather storm of late May 1967 has been of mostly fading academic interest. The storm made its initial mark with a colossal solar radio burst causing radio interference at frequencies between 0.01 and 9.0 GHz and near-simultaneous disruptions of dayside radio communication by intense fluxes of ionizing solar X-rays. Aspects of military control and communication were immediately challenged. Within hours a solar energetic particle event disrupted high-frequency communication in the polar cap. Subsequently, record-setting geomagnetic and ionospheric storms compounded the disruptions. We explain how the May 1967 storm was nearly one with ultimate societal impact, were it not for the nascent efforts of the United States Air Force in expanding its terrestrial weather monitoring-analysis-warning-prediction efforts into the realm of space weather forecasting. An important and long-lasting outcome of this storm was more formal Department of Defense-support for current-day space weather forecasting. This story develops during the rapid rise of solar cycle 20 and the intense Cold War in the latter half of the twentieth century. We detail the events of late May 1967 in the intersecting categories of solar-terrestrial interactions and the political-military backdrop of the Cold War. This was one of the "Great Storms" of the twentieth century, despite the apparent lack of large geomagnetically induced currents. Radio disruptions like those discussed here warrant the attention of today's radio-reliant, cellular-phone and satellite-navigation enabled world. C1 [Knipp, D. J.; Kilcommons, L. M.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Knipp, D. J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Ramsay, A. C.; Beard, E. D.; Boright, A. L.] US Air Force, Air Weather Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Cade, W. B.] Baylor Univ, Baylor Inst Air Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Hewins, I. M.; McFadden, R. H.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Boston, MA USA. [Denig, W. F.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Boulder, CO USA. [Shea, M. A.; Smart, D. F.] US Air Force, Air Force Res Lab, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Knipp, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Knipp, DJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM delores.knipp@colorado.edu FU NSF [DES-1446704, AGS 1144154]; Queensborough Community College of New York; NSF RAPID grant [1540544]; National Science Foundation [PLR-1341562] FX This paper was motivated by the lead author's discussions and interactions at the October 2015 Space Weather Enterprise Forum in Washington, D. C., which revealed a need to capture some of the space weather history of the Air Weather Service Space Environment Support System (SESS). D.J.K. is grateful to Lee Snyder, who was the NORAD Solar Forecasting Unit Duty Forecaster on 23 May 1967, for assistance with this manuscript. Several authors have been associated with DOD space environment support efforts: D.J.K., A.C.R., E.D.B., A.L.B., and W.T.C. are all retired members of USAF AWS and most served at NCMC. W.F.D., D.F.S., and M.A.S. supported space environment efforts at AFRL. L.M.K., I.M.H., and R.M. supported this effort with illustrations and calculations. D.J.K. thanks many contributors for their thoughtful inputs and assistance including Arthur Richmond, Kenneth Moe, and Dieter Bilitza. D.J.K. was partially supported by NSF grant DES-1446704 via a contract with Queensborough Community College of New York. L.M.K. was partially supported by NSF grant AGS 1144154. The images in Figure 1 are from the historical collections of the National Solar Observatory. Data were acquired by the Flare Patrol H alpha instrument operated by NSO/AURA/NSF (and previously by USAF). The redrawings of Carrington Rotations 1520 and 1521 and McMath Plage region 8818 are from I.M.H. and R.M. who are partially supported by NSF RAPID grant 1540544. Figure 4 is from data on Solar Event of 23 May 1967 and its Geophysical Effects, WDC-A Report UAG-5, ESSA, Boulder, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/space-weather/onlinepublications/stp_uag/ (accessed 08 May 2016). Solar wind and indices data in Figure 5 are from NASA OmniWeb: http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow.html. The South Pole Neutron Monitor data in Figure 5h are from http://neutronm.bartol.udel.edu/similar to pyle/bri_table.html. The South Pole neutron monitor is supported by National Science Foundation award PLR-1341562. D.J.K. benefited from library access at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) High Altitude Observatory (HAO). NCAR is supported by the National Science Foundation. NR 110 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1542-7390 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD SEP PY 2016 VL 14 IS 9 BP 614 EP 633 DI 10.1002/2016SW001423 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC0PE UT WOS:000387802300001 ER PT J AU Spencer, NJ Hawley, ML Colburn, HS AF Spencer, Nathaniel J. Hawley, Monica L. Colburn, H. Steven TI Relating interaural difference sensitivities for several parameters measured in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CORRELATION DISCRIMINATION; BINAURAL PERFORMANCE; NARROW-BAND; FREQUENCY; TIME; NOISE; PATTERNS; LEVEL; DEPENDENCE; BANDWIDTH AB Just-noticeable differences (JNDs) in interaural time delay (ITD), interaural level difference (ILD), and interaural cross-correlation (ICC) were measured with low-and high-frequency noise bands over multiple sessions for 10 normal-hearing (NH) and 11 hearing-impaired (HI) listeners. Individual subject thresholds tended to improve with training then stabilize. Measured JNDs varied over these experienced listeners, for both subject groups and all tasks. Group JNDs were seldom predictable from hearing level. Individual listeners' JNDs were highly correlated across frequency for each task and group, except for ICC in the HI listeners. Further, ITD JNDs almost always significantly correlated with ILD JNDs within a group. Finally, although the ICC JNDs always significantly correlated with the ITD or ILD JNDs for the NH listeners, they often did not for the HI listeners. These findings suggest that little information about binaural sensitivity is added for NH listeners with multiple ITD, ILD, and ICC measures. For HI listeners, however, while ITD and ILD measures are well correlated, information is added with ICC measures. In general, the results suggest that less information is added with JND measures for NH listeners (15 significant correlations) than for HI listeners (six significant correlations). (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Spencer, Nathaniel J.; Hawley, Monica L.; Colburn, H. Steven] Boston Univ, Hearing Res Ctr, Dept Biomed Engn, 44 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Spencer, Nathaniel J.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Colburn, HS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Hearing Res Ctr, Dept Biomed Engn, 44 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM colburn@bu.edu FU National Institutes of Health, NIDCD [DC000100] FX The authors thank Virginia Best and Gerald Kidd for their input in the analysis of the data and for their suggestions for the reporting of the data. The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health, NIDCD, specifically R01 Grant No. DC000100. We also thank the reviewers for many constructive and useful suggestions. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 140 IS 3 BP 1783 EP 1799 DI 10.1121/1.4962444 PG 17 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA EA9AO UT WOS:000386932500039 PM 27914394 ER PT J AU Cione, JJ Kalina, EA Uhlhorn, EW Farber, AM Damiano, B AF Cione, J. J. Kalina, E. A. Uhlhorn, E. W. Farber, A. M. Damiano, B. TI Coyote unmanned aircraft system observations in Hurricane Edouard (2014) SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hurricane; boundary layer; unmanned aircraft; eyewall; air-sea interaction ID GPS DROPWINDSONDE AB Horizontal wind, temperature, and moisture observations are presented from two Coyote unmanned aircraft system (UAS) flights in the boundary layer of Hurricane Edouard (2014). The first flight sampled the meteorological conditions in the eye and eyewall at altitudes from 900 to 1500m while Edouard was a major hurricane (105 kt) on 16 September 2014. The following day, a second Coyote sampled the inflow layer outside of the storm core at similar to 760m altitude, when Edouard had weakened to an 80-kt hurricane. These flights represent the first deployments of a UAS from an airborne manned aircraft into a tropical cyclone. Comparisons between the Coyote data and the Lockheed WP-3D Orion (WP-3D) flight-level measurements and analyses constructed from dropsonde data are also provided. On 16 September 2014, the Coyote-measured horizontal wind speeds agree, on average, to within similar to 1ms(-1) of the wind speeds observed by the WP-3D and reproduce the shape of the radial wind profile from the WP-3D measurements. For the inflow layer experiment on 17 September, the mean wind speeds from the Coyote and the dropsonde analysis differ by only 0.5ms(-1), while the Coyote captured increased variability (sigma=3.4ms(-1)) in the horizontal wind field compared to the dropsonde analysis (sigma=2.2ms(-1)). Thermodynamic data from the Coyote and dropsondes agree well for both flights, with average discrepancies of 0.4 degrees C and 0.0 degrees C for temperature and 0.7 degrees C and 1.3 degrees C for dew point temperature on 16 and 17 September, respectively C1 [Cione, J. J.; Kalina, E. A.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Cione, J. J.; Kalina, E. A.] NOAA, Phys Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Uhlhorn, E. W.] Phys Sci AIR Worldwide, Boston, MA USA. [Farber, A. M.] Raytheon Missile Syst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Damiano, B.] NOAA, Data & Dev Sect, Aircraft Operat Ctr, MacDill AFB, Tampa, FL USA. RP Cione, JJ (reprint author), NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Cione, JJ (reprint author), NOAA, Phys Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM joe.cione@noaa.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2333-5084 J9 EARTH SPACE SCI JI Earth Space Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 3 IS 9 BP 370 EP 380 DI 10.1002/2016EA000187 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DZ3GN UT WOS:000385733300003 ER PT J AU Young, C Petrosky, J Mann, JM Hunt, EM Turner, D Kelly, T AF Young, Christopher Petrosky, James Mann, J. Matthew Hunt, Eric M. Turner, David Kelly, Tony TI The work function of hydrothermally synthesized UO2 and the implications for semiconductor device fabrication SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE work function; single crystals; UO2; X-ray photoemission; electrical contacts ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; URANIUM-DIOXIDE AB The photoelectric work function of nearly stoichiometric (111) and (100) hydrothermally grown UO2 was measured to be 6.28 +/- 0.36 eV and 5.80 +/- 0.36 eV, respectively. Candidate metals for electrical contacts are identified for both rectifying and non-rectifying contacts based on work function, lattice compatibility, and electrical conductivity. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Young, Christopher; Kelly, Tony] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Petrosky, James; Turner, David] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mann, J. Matthew; Hunt, Eric M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Young, C (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM cyoung@afit.edu; james.petrosky@afit.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6254 EI 1862-6270 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 10 IS 9 BP 687 EP 690 DI 10.1002/pssr.201600203 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA EA4QQ UT WOS:000386599100007 ER PT J AU Mann, RW Tuamsuk, P AF Mann, R. W. Tuamsuk, P. TI Stafne's Defects in a Sample of Adult Thai Mandibles in the Khon Kaen University Osteology Collection, Thailand SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE idiopathic bone cavity; Khon Kaen University; osteology collection; Stafne's defect; Thailand ID CORTICAL MANDIBULAR DEFECTS; SALIVARY-GLAND DEFECT; BONE CAVITY; RESIDUAL CYST; RAMUS; EXPRESSION AB Examination of 311 adult dry-bone mandibles from Thailand revealed 8 examples of Stafne's defects in the region of the submandibular salivary gland. This study revealed that some radiographic studies may under report the actual frequency of shallow or early-stage Stafne's defects that lack sclerotic rims. C1 [Mann, R. W.] Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI USA. [Tuamsuk, P.] Khon Kaen Univ, Dept Anat, Sch Med, Khon Kaen, Thailand. RP Mann, RW (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Anat, 651 Illalo St, Honolulu, HI USA. EM mannr@hawaii.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1047-482X EI 1099-1212 J9 INT J OSTEOARCHAEOL JI Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 26 IS 5 BP 906 EP 911 DI 10.1002/oa.2508 PG 6 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA DZ7DL UT WOS:000386024500016 ER PT J AU Buskohl, PR Vaia, RA AF Buskohl, Philip R. Vaia, Richard A. TI Belousov-Zhabotinsky autonomic hydrogel composites: Regulating waves via asymmetry SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SELF-OSCILLATING GELS; CHEMICAL-SYSTEMS; PROPAGATION; MOTION AB Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) autonomic hydrogel composites contain active nodes of immobilized catalyst (Ru) encased within a nonactive matrix. Designing functional hierarchies of chemical and mechanical communication between these nodes enables applications ranging from encryption, sensors, and mechanochemical actuators to artificial skin. However, robust design rules and verification of computational models are challenged by insufficient understanding of the relative importance of local (molecular) heterogeneities, active node shape, and embedment geometry on transient and steady-state behavior. We demonstrate the predominance of asymmetric embedment and node shape in low-strain, BZ-gelatin composites and correlate behavior with gradients in BZ reactants. Asymmetric embedment of square and rectangular nodes results in directional steady-state waves that initiate at the embedded edge and propagate toward the free edge. In contrast, symmetric embedment does not produce preferential wave propagation because of a lack of diffusion gradient across the catalyzed region. The initiation at the embedded edge is correlated with bromide absorption by the inactive matrix, which locally elevates the bromate concentration required for catalyst oxidation. The competition between embedment asymmetry and node geometry was used to demonstrate a repeatable switch in wave direction that functions as a signal delay. Furthermore, signal propagation in or out of the composite was demonstrated via embedment asymmetry and relative dimensions of a T-shaped active network node. Overall, structural asymmetry provides a robust approach to controlling initiation and orientation of chemical-mechanical communication within composite BZ gels. C1 [Buskohl, Philip R.; Vaia, Richard A.] Air Force Res Lab, Funct Mat Div, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2179 12th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Funct Mat Div, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2179 12th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM richard.vaia@us.af.mil NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 2 IS 9 AR e1600813 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600813 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DW6CQ UT WOS:000383734400016 PM 27679818 ER PT J AU Reshetnyak, VY Pinkevych, IP Subota, SI Evans, DR AF Reshetnyak, V. Yu. Pinkevych, I. P. Subota, S. I. Evans, D. R. TI Two beam energy exchange in hybrid liquid crystal cells with photorefractive field controlled boundary conditions SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-GAIN; PRE-TILT; AMPLIFICATION; LIGHT; TRANSITION; SUBSTRATE; GRATINGS AB We develop a theory describing energy gain when two light beams intersect in a hybrid nematic liquid crystal (LC) cell with photorefractive crystalline substrates. A periodic space-charge field induced by interfering light beams in the photorefractive substrates penetrates into the LC layer and reorients the director. We account for two main mechanisms of the LC director reorientation: the interaction of the photorefractive field with the LC flexopolarization and the director easy axis at the cell boundaries. It is shown that the resulting director grating is a sum of two in-phase gratings: the flexoelectric effect driven grating and the boundary-driven grating. Each light beam diffracts from the induced gratings leading to an energy exchange between beams. We evaluate the signal beam gain coefficient and analyze its dependence on the director anchoring energy and the magnitude of the director easy axis modulation. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Reshetnyak, V. Yu.; Pinkevych, I. P.; Subota, S. I.] Natl Taras Shevchenko Univ Kyiv, Phys Fac, Volodymyrska St 64, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Evans, D. R.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pinkevych, IP (reprint author), Natl Taras Shevchenko Univ Kyiv, Phys Fac, Volodymyrska St 64, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. EM ipinkevych@gmail.com RI Reshetnyak, Victor/B-6722-2008 OI Reshetnyak, Victor/0000-0003-0515-9814 FU STCU/EOARD Grant [P649]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was partially supported by STCU/EOARD Grant P649 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 9 AR 095207 DI 10.1063/1.4962936 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DZ2LW UT WOS:000385674300060 ER PT J AU Tang, WW Shiffler, DA Harris, JR Jensen, KL Golby, K LaCour, M Knowles, T AF Tang, Wilkin W. Shiffler, Donald A. Harris, John R. Jensen, Kevin L. Golby, Ken LaCour, Matthew Knowles, Tim TI Field emission characteristics of a small number of carbon fiber emitters SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS; DISPLAY AB This paper reports an experiment that studies the emission characteristics of small number of field emitters. The experiment consists of nine carbon fibers in a square configuration. Experimental results show that the emission characteristics depend strongly on the separation between each emitter, providing evidence of the electric field screening effects. Our results indicate that as the separation between the emitters decreases, the emission current for a given voltage also decreases. The authors compare the experimental results to four carbon fiber emitters in a linear and square configurations as well as to two carbon fiber emitters in a paired array. Voltage-current traces show that the turn-on voltage is always larger for the nine carbon fiber emitters as compared to the two and four emitters in linear configurations, and approximately identical to the four emitters in a square configuration. The observations and analysis reported here, based on Fowler-Nordheim field emission theory, suggest the electric field screening effect depends critically on the number of emitters, the separation between them, and their overall geometric configuration. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Tang, Wilkin W.; Shiffler, Donald A.; Harris, John R.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Golby, Ken; LaCour, Matthew] Leidos Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Knowles, Tim] Energy Sci Labs Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Tang, WW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU LRIR from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported by an LRIR from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 9 AR 095007 DI 10.1063/1.4962921 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DZ2LW UT WOS:000385674300007 ER PT J AU Peale, RE Smith, E Smith, CW Khalilzadeh-Rezaie, F Ishigami, M Nader, N Vangala, S Cleary, JW AF Peale, Robert E. Smith, Evan Smith, Christian W. Khalilzadeh-Rezaie, Farnood Ishigami, Masa Nader, Nima Vangala, Shiva Cleary, Justin W. TI Electronic detection of surface plasmon polaritons by metal-oxide-silicon capacitor SO APL PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION; COUPLER AB An electronic detector of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is reported. SPPs optically excited on a metal surface using a prism coupler are detected by using a close-coupled metal-oxide-silicon (MOS) capacitor. Incidence-angle dependence is explained by Fresnel transmittance calculations, which also are used to investigate the dependence of photo-response on structure dimensions. Electrodynamic simulations agree with theory and experiment and additionally provide spatial intensity distributions on and off the SPP excitation resonance. Experimental dependence of the photoresponse on substrate carrier type, carrier concentration, and back-contact biasing is qualitatively explained by simple theory of MOS capacitors. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Peale, Robert E.; Smith, Christian W.; Khalilzadeh-Rezaie, Farnood; Ishigami, Masa] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Smith, Evan; Nader, Nima; Vangala, Shiva; Cleary, Justin W.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Smith, Evan; Nader, Nima] Wyle Labs, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Vangala, Shiva] SURVICE Engn, 4141 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Peale, RE (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2378-0967 J9 APL PHOTONICS JI APL Phontonics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 1 IS 6 AR 066103 DI 10.1063/1.4962428 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA DZ1HN UT WOS:000385589600006 ER PT J AU Obenberger, KS Holmes, JM Dowell, JD Schinzel, FK Stovall, K Sutton, EK Taylor, GB AF Obenberger, K. S. Holmes, J. M. Dowell, J. D. Schinzel, F. K. Stovall, K. Sutton, E. K. Taylor, G. B. TI Altitudinal dependence of meteor radio afterglows measured via optical counterparts SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE meteors ID FIREBALLS; PLASMA AB Utilizing the all-sky imaging capabilities of the first station of the Long Wavelength Array along with a host of all-sky optical cameras, we have now observed 44 optical meteor counterparts to radio afterglows. Combining these observations, we have determined the geographic positions of all 44 afterglows. Comparing the number of radio detections as a function of altitude above sea level to the number of expected bright meteors, we find a strong altitudinal dependence characterized by a cutoff below approximate to 90km, below which no radio emission occurs, despite the fact that many of the observed optical meteors penetrated well below this altitude. This cutoff suggests that wave damping from electron collisions is an important factor for the evolution of radio afterglows. This finding agrees with the hypothesis that the emission is the result of electron plasma wave emission. C1 [Obenberger, K. S.; Holmes, J. M.; Sutton, E. K.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Dowell, J. D.; Schinzel, F. K.; Stovall, K.; Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Obenberger, KS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM obenken@icloud.com RI Sutton, Eric/A-1574-2016; OI Sutton, Eric/0000-0003-1424-7189; Holmes, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1025-6694 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-C-0147]; National Science Foundation of the University Radio Observatory program [AST-1139963, AST-1139974] FX We thank the anonymous referees for thoughtful comments. We thank Bjorn Gustavsson for helpful discussions and the use of the open source AIDA_tools MATLAB package for camera geometric calibrations (http://www.alis.irf.se/similar to bjorn/AIDA_tools). We thank Dwayne Free, Andy Howell, and Richard Spalding for providing and calibrating the Sky Sentinel data. We thank Danielle Moser for useful discussions, and we thank both D. Moser and Bill Cooke for providing the NASA/MEO data. This research was performed while the primary author, Kenneth Obenberger, held an NRC Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM. Construction of the LWA1 has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-07-C-0147. Support for operations and continuing development of the LWA1 is provided by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1139963 and AST-1139974 of the University Radio Observatory program. All of the LWA1 data used in this article are publicly available at the LWA1 Data Archive (http://lda10g.alliance.unm.edu); optical data can be provided upon request. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 43 IS 17 BP 8885 EP 8892 DI 10.1002/2016GL070059 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DY8CX UT WOS:000385357200008 ER PT J AU Selesnick, RS Su, YJ Blake, JB AF Selesnick, R. S. Su, Y-J. Blake, J. B. TI Control of the innermost electron radiation belt by large-scale electric fields SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE inner radiation belt; electrons; electric field ID ZEBRA STRIPES; ENERGY; PARTICLES; MAGNETOSPHERE; ACCELERATION; SCATTERING; SIMULATION; SPECTRUM; PEAKS AB Electron measurements from the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer instruments on Van Allen Probes, for kinetic energies approximate to 100 to 400keV, show characteristic dynamical features of the innermost ( L less than or similar to 1.3) radiation belt: rapid injections, slow decay, and structured energy spectra. There are also periods of steady or slowly increasing intensity and of fast decay following injections. Local time asymmetry, with higher intensity near dawn, is interpreted as evidence for drift shell distortion by a convection electric field of magnitude approximate to 0.4mV/m during geomagnetically quiet times. Fast fluctuations in the electric field, on the drift time scale, cause inward diffusion. Assuming that they are proportional to changes in Kp, the resulting diffusion coefficient is sufficient to replenish trapped electrons lost by atmospheric scattering. Major electric field increases cause injections by inward electron transport. An injection associated with the June 2015 magnetic storm is consistent with an enhanced field magnitude approximate to 5mV/m. Subsequent drift echoes cause spectral structure. C1 [Selesnick, R. S.; Su, Y-J.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Blake, J. B.] Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Applicat Lab, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. RP Selesnick, RS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM richard.selesnick@us.af.mil FU NASA [NNH14AX18I]; Air Force Research Laboratory under the Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program FX The MagEIS and magnetic ephemeris data are available from the ECT Science Operations and Data Center, https://www.rbsp-ect.lanl.gov/science/-DataDirectories.php. The authors thank J. Albert for helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by NASA agreement NNH14AX18I with the Air Force Research Laboratory under the Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 8417 EP 8427 DI 10.1002/2016JA022973 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000018 ER PT J AU Su, YJ Selesnick, RS Blake, JB AF Su, Yi-Jiun Selesnick, Richard S. Blake, J. B. TI Formation of the inner electron radiation belt by enhanced large-scale electric fields SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE electron injections; test particle simulation; DC electric fields; inner radiation belt; Van Allen Probes electron measurements ID GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; ZEBRA STRIPES; CLUSTER DATA; PARTICLES; MAGNETOSPHERE; ACCELERATION; BOUNDARY; MODELS; REGION AB A two-dimensional bounce-averaged test particle code was developed to examine trapped electron trajectories during geomagnetic storms with the assumption of conservation of the first and second adiabatic invariants. The March 2013 storm was selected as an example because the geomagnetic activity Kp index sharply increased from 2+to 7- at 6:00UT on 17 March. Electron measurements with energies between 37 and 460keV from the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) instrument onboard Van Allen Probes (VAP) are used as initial conditions prior to the storm onset and served to validate test particle simulations during the storm. Simulation results help to interpret the observed electron injection as nondiffusive radial transport over a short distance in the inner belt and slot region based on various electric field models, although the quantitative comparisons are not precise. We show that electron drift trajectories are sensitive to the selection of electric field models. Moreover, our simulation results suggest that the actual field strength of penetration electric fields during this storm is stronger than any existing electric field model, particularly for L <= 2. C1 [Su, Yi-Jiun; Selesnick, Richard S.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Blake, J. B.] Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Applicat Lab, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. RP Su, YJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM yijiunsu@gmail.com FU NASA [NNH14AX18I]; AFRL under the Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program FX The magnetic ephemeris data of VAP were obtained through the public website http://www.rbsp-ect.lanl.gov/data_pub hosted by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The latest version of spin-averaged level-2 MagEIS data were downloaded from CDAWeb http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public. FORTRAN-based codes and tables of potential values of UNH-IMEF were obtained from http://edi.sr.unh.edu/unh-imef. The authors would like to thank Seth Claudepierre at the Aerospace Corporation for providing MagEIS level-3 data with high pitch angle resolution for the March 2013 storm event, Sam Califf at the University of Colorado for discussing electric field measurements in the inner radiation belt, Evgeny Mishin at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) for discussions on SAID and SAPS, and Jay Albert at AFRL and Xinlin Li at CU for giving constructive feedback on the draft manuscript. This work was supported in part by NASA agreement NNH14AX18I with AFRL under the Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 8508 EP 8522 DI 10.1002/2016JA022881 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000023 ER PT J AU Yu, YQ Jordanova, VK Ridley, AJ Albert, JM Horne, RB Jeffery, CA AF Yu, Yiqun Jordanova, Vania K. Ridley, Aaron J. Albert, Jay M. Horne, Richard B. Jeffery, Christopher A. TI A new ionospheric electron precipitation module coupled with RAM-SCB within the geospace general circulation model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE electron precipitation; wave-particle interactions; ionospheric conductivity; MI coupling; diffusion coefficient; electron lifetime ID LINEAR DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; RADIATION BELT ELECTRONS; RING CURRENT; CHORUS WAVES; ENERGETIC ELECTRONS; PLASMASPHERIC HISS; KINETIC-MODEL; PITCH-ANGLE; STORM; SIMULATIONS AB Electron precipitation down to the atmosphere due to wave-particle scattering in the magnetosphere contributes significantly to the auroral ionospheric conductivity. In order to obtain the auroral conductivity in global MHD models that are incapable of capturing kinetic physics in the magnetosphere, MHD parameters are often used to estimate electron precipitation flux for the conductivity calculation. Such an MHD approach, however, lacks self-consistency in representing the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes. In this study we improve the coupling processes in global models with a more physical method. We calculate the physics-based electron precipitation from the ring current and map it to the ionospheric altitude for solving the ionospheric electrodynamics. In particular, we use the BATS-R-US (Block Adaptive Tree Scheme-Roe type-Upstream) MHD model coupled with the kinetic ring current model RAM-SCB (Ring current-Atmosphere interaction Model with Self-Consistent Magnetic field (B)) that solves pitch angle-dependent electron distribution functions, to study the global circulation dynamics during the 25-26 January 2013 storm event. Since the electron precipitation loss is mostly governed by wave-particle resonant scattering in the magnetosphere, we further investigate two loss methods of specifying electron precipitation loss associated with wave-particle interactions: (1) using pitch angle diffusion coefficients D(E,) determined from the quasi-linear theory, with wave spectral and plasma density obtained from statistical observations (named as diffusion coefficient method) and (2) using electron lifetimes (E) independent on pitch angles inferred from the above diffusion coefficients (named as lifetime method). We found that both loss methods demonstrate similar temporal evolution of the trapped ring current electrons, indicating that the impact of using different kinds of loss rates is small on the trapped electron population. However, for the precipitated electrons, the lifetime method hardly captures any precipitation in the large Lshell (i.e., 4 < L < 6.5) region, while the diffusion coefficient method produces much better agreement with NOAA/POES measurements, including the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of electron precipitation in the region from the premidnight through the dawn to the dayside. Further comparisons of the precipitation energy flux to DMSP observations indicates that the new physics-based precipitation approach using diffusion coefficients for the ring current electron loss can explain the diffuse electron precipitation in the dawn sector, such as the enhanced precipitation flux at auroral latitudes and flux drop near the subauroral latitudes, but the traditional MHD approach largely overestimates the precipitation flux at lower latitudes. C1 [Yu, Yiqun] Beihang Univ, Space Sci Inst, Sch Space & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Jordanova, Vania K.; Jeffery, Christopher A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Ridley, Aaron J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Albert, Jay M.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Horne, Richard B.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, England. RP Yu, YQ (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Space Sci Inst, Sch Space & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM yiqunyu17@gmail.com RI Yu, Yiqun/E-2710-2012; OI Yu, Yiqun/0000-0002-1013-6505; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743 FU NSFC [73011501, 41431071]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Special Program for Applied Research on Super Computation of the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund; U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) SHIELDS project; NASA [NNH13AW83I, NNH14AX90I, NAS5-01072]; NSF [ATM-1242787]; European Union [606716 SPACESTORM] FX The authors thank the OMNIweb from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for providing the solar wind/interplanetary data and the Kyoto, Japan World Data Center System for providing the SYM-H index and AE index. The DMSP particle detectors were designed by Dave Hardy of AFRL, and the data are obtained from JHU/APL. The authors are also grateful to NOAA website for providing POES data (http://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/poes/). The Van Allen Probes data are obtained from ECT website (http://rbsp-ect.lanl.gov). We also thank Yue Chen for useful discussion on POES observations. This work was supported by the NSFC grants 73011501 and 41431071, by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and by the Special Program for Applied Research on Super Computation of the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund (the second phase). The work at LANL was conducted under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, with partial support from the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) SHIELDS project, and NASA grants NNH13AW83I, NNH14AX90I, and NAS5-01072. The work at the University of Michigan was supported through NSF grant ATM-1242787. The research leading to these results has received funding in part from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 606716 SPACESTORM. Part of these simulations were performed on TianHe-2 at National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou, China. Data used in the study will be made available upon request by contacting the corresponding author. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 8554 EP 8575 DI 10.1002/2016JA022585 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000026 ER PT J AU Smith, DM Casavant, EP Comess, MD Liang, XQ Bowers, GS Selesnick, RS Clausen, LBN Millan, RM Sample, JG AF Smith, David M. Casavant, Eric P. Comess, Max D. Liang, Xinqing Bowers, Gregory S. Selesnick, Richard S. Clausen, Lasse B. N. Millan, Robyn M. Sample, John G. TI The causes of the hardest electron precipitation events seen with SAMPEX SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation belts; particle precipitation; wave-particle interactions; relativistic electrons ID PITCH-ANGLE SCATTERING; MIDNIGHT TRAPPING BOUNDARY; DEPENDENT ENERGY THRESHOLD; RADIATION BELT ELECTRONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD MODEL; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON; EMIC WAVES; CURRENT SHEET; JANUARY 2013 AB We studied the geomagnetic, plasmaspheric, and solar wind context of relativistic electron precipitation (REP) events seen with the Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX), Proton Electron Telescope (PET) to derive an exponential folding energy E-0 for each event. Events with E-0< 400keV peak near midnight, and with increasing E-0, the peak magnetic local time (MLT) moves earlier but never peaks as early as the MLT distribution of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the outer belt, and a distinct component near midnight remains. Events with E-0>750keV near dusk (1400500keV (hard REP), we estimate that roughly 45% of the whole population has the distributions of geomagnetic and solar wind parameters associated with EMIC waves, while 55% does not. We hypothesize that the latter events may be caused by current sheet scattering (CSS), which can be mistaken for EMIC wave scattering in that both simultaneously precipitate MeV electrons and keV protons. Since a large number of MeV electrons are lost in the near-midnight hard REP events, and in the large number of E-0< 400keV events that show no dusk-like peak at all, we conclude that CSS should be studied further as a possibly important loss channel for MeV electrons. C1 [Smith, David M.; Casavant, Eric P.; Comess, Max D.; Liang, Xinqing; Bowers, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept 1Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Smith, David M.; Casavant, Eric P.; Comess, Max D.; Liang, Xinqing; Bowers, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Casavant, Eric P.] FlexStr8 Corp, El Segundo, CA USA. [Comess, Max D.] SpaceX Corp, Hawthorne, CA USA. [Selesnick, Richard S.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Clausen, Lasse B. N.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Millan, Robyn M.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Sample, John G.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Smith, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept 1Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Smith, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM dsmith8@ucsc.edu NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 8600 EP 8613 DI 10.1002/2016JA022346 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000029 ER PT J AU Johnson, JF Connelly, S AF Johnson, James F. Connelly, Shane TI Moral Disengagement and Ethical Decision-Making The Moderating Role of Trait Guilt and Shame SO JOURNAL OF PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE moral disengagement; ethical decision-making; moral emotions; guilt; shame ID EMOTIONS; SENSEMAKING; ORGANIZATIONS; BEHAVIOR; EMBARRASSMENT; OUTCOMES; BAD AB Process-focused models of ethical decision-making (EDM) have focused on individual and situational constraints influencing EDM processes and outcomes. Trait affect and propensity to morally disengage are two individual factors that influence EDM. The current study examines the moderating role of dispositional guilt and shame on the relationship between moral disengagement and EDM. Results indicate that moderate and high levels of dispositional guilt attenuate the negative relationship between moral disengagement and EDM, while low guilt does not. Dispositional shame does not moderate the relationship between moral disengagement and EDM. Implications for personnel selection are discussed. C1 [Johnson, James F.] Air Force Personnel Ctr, Strateg Res & Assessment Branch, Jbsa Randolph Afb, TX USA. [Connelly, Shane] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Psychol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Johnson, JF (reprint author), US Air Force, Air Force Personnel Ctr DSYX, 550 C St West, Jbsa Randolph Afb, TX 78150 USA. EM james.johnson.271@us.af.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU HOGREFE & HUBER PUBLISHERS PI GOTTINGEN PA MERKELSTR 3, D-37085 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY SN 1866-5888 EI 2190-5150 J9 J PERS PSYCHOL JI J. Pers. Psychol PD SEP PY 2016 VL 15 IS 4 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.1027/1866-5888/a000166 PG 6 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA DY8OP UT WOS:000385390000005 ER PT J AU Ganguly, BN Scofield, JD AF Ganguly, Biswa N. Scofield, James D. TI Relative electron density distribution in a low nd helium dc discharge SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE METHOD; GLOW-DISCHARGE; LOW-PRESSURE; PLASMA AB The axial and radial variations of the relative electron density distributions have been measured in an obstructed helium dc discharge by a laser collision induced fluorescence (LCIF) from 4 D-3 to 2 P-3 state at 447 nm. For this 1.75 Torr, 6.5mm gap, 1.6mA helium obstructed gas discharge, the on-axis LCIF intensity is mostly determined by the neutral atom collision. On the basis of this information, we have plotted the LCIF data to obtain a normalized electron density variation in the inter-electrode volume by plotting the ratio, I - I-on=axis/Ion-axis, where I is the radial variation of the LCIF intensity and Ion-axis is the on-axis LCIF intensity. The normalized LCIF data show an annular current density distribution in this obstructed discharge with the current peaking near the radial boundary of the electrodes. C1 [Ganguly, Biswa N.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Scofield, James D.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ganguly, BN (reprint author), UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX We wish to thank Dr. Peter Fendel for his assistance with the experimental set up. Funding for this research was provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 2016 VL 23 IS 9 AR 093506 DI 10.1063/1.4962672 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DZ1WU UT WOS:000385633200094 ER PT J AU Simon, DH Lau, YY Greening, G Wong, P Hoff, B Gilgenbach, RM AF Simon, D. H. Lau, Y. Y. Greening, G. Wong, P. Hoff, B. Gilgenbach, R. M. TI Stability of Brillouin flow in the presence of slow-wave structure SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NONNEUTRAL ELECTRON FLOW; CROSSED-FIELD GAP; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EQUILIBRIUM; INSTABILITY; DIODE AB Including a slow-wave structure (SWS) on the anode in the conventional, planar, and inverted magnetron, we systematically study the linear stability of Brillouin flow, which is the prevalent flow in crossed-field devices. The analytic treatment is fully relativistic and fully electromagnetic, and it incorporates the equilibrium density profile, flow profile, and electric field and magnetic field profiles in the linear stability analysis. Using parameters similar to the University of Michigan's recirculating planar magnetron, the numerical data show that the resonant interaction of the vacuum circuit mode and the corresponding smooth-bore diocotron-like mode is the dominant cause for instability. This resonant interaction is far more important than the intrinsic negative (positive) mass property of electrons in the inverted (conventional) magnetron geometry. It is absent in either the smooth-bore magnetron or under the electrostatic assumption, one or both of which was almost always adopted in prior analytical formulation. This resonant interaction severely restricts the wavenumber for instability to the narrow range in which the cold tube frequency of the SWS is within a few percent of the corresponding smooth bore diocotron-like mode in the Brillouin flow. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Simon, D. H.; Lau, Y. Y.; Greening, G.; Wong, P.; Gilgenbach, R. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hoff, B.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Simon, DH (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Simon, David/0000-0001-8666-995X FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0566, N00014-16-1-2353]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-15-1-0097]; L-3 Communications Electron Device Division FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Ronald C. Davidson. This work was supported by Office of Naval Research Award Nos. N00014-13-1-0566 and N00014-16-1-2353, Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award No. FA9550-15-1-0097, and L-3 Communications Electron Device Division. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 2016 VL 23 IS 9 AR 092101 DI 10.1063/1.4961917 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DZ1WU UT WOS:000385633200006 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK Beck, J Orlova, MV Daly, JL Pippin, K Revan, F Loftis, AD AF Reeves, Will K. Beck, Jason Orlova, Maria V. Daly, Jennifer L. Pippin, Kristi Revan, Floyd Loftis, Amanda D. TI Ecology of Bats, Their Ectoparasites, and Associated Pathogens on Saint Kitts Island SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spinturnicidae; Streblidae; Litomosoides; Bartonella; Chiroptera ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FLIES DIPTERA; ST-KITTS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; LESSER ANTILLES; BARTONELLA SPP.; SYNTHASE GENE; MITES ACARI; RICKETTSIA; STREBLIDAE AB Ectoparasites of bats and bat-associated pathogens are poorly studied in the Lesser Antilles Islands. We report on an 11-mo field study on Saint Kitts Island of bat populations, their associated ectoparasites, and pathogens. We report on five ectoparasite species, including four Streblidae (Diptera) and a Spinturnicidae (Acari). Several genotypes of unnamed Bartonella were isolated from bats and ectoparasites. Microfilaria of an undetermined Litomosoides spp. were detected in blood from Artibeus jamaicensis Leach (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) (and associated ectoparasites: Trichobius intermedius Peterson and Hurka (Diptera: Streblidae) and Periglischrus iheringi Oudemans (Acari: Spinturnicidae)). In addition, an Ehrlichia sp. and Rickettsia africae were detected in the blood of several bat species. Our study is one of the first surveys of ectoparasite-borne pathogens in wild mammals from St. Kitts. C1 [Reeves, Will K.] US Air Force, USASAM PHR, 2510 5th St, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Beck, Jason] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 1345 Barton Rd, Pocatello, ID 83204 USA. [Orlova, Maria V.] Natl Res Tomsk State Univ, 36 Lenina Str, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Daly, Jennifer L.; Pippin, Kristi; Revan, Floyd; Loftis, Amanda D.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, POB 334, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), US Air Force, USASAM PHR, 2510 5th St, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM will.reeves@us.af.mil; jason.beck@idfg.idaho.gov; masha_orlova@mail.ru; jobrosky20@gmail.com; kpippin@spcaflorida.org; floydrevan@gmail.com; adloftis@gmail.com RI Orlova, Maria/E-9927-2014 FU Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Operations Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center FX Funding was provided by the Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine and the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Operations Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. We would like to thank Robert Williams and Helene Lucas-Williams for allowing us to catch bats on their property. We thank Curtis Utter and Jill Spencer for assistance with laboratory work. We would also like to recognize the future veterinarians who helped with the project: Casey Budgeon, Chelsea Faircloth, Thomas Hester, Haeyon Anna Lee, Alexandra Limmer, Kevin Moon, and Elizabeth Topliff. The use of trade names in this document does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial hardware or software. Do not cite this document for advertisement. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Air Force, the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1218 EP 1225 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw078 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DW5SV UT WOS:000383708100026 ER PT J AU Knauf, J AF Knauf, James TI Freedom from Russian rocket engines SO AEROSPACE AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Knauf, James] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Knauf, James] AIAA, Space Transportat Tech Comm, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Knauf, J (reprint author), AIAA, Space Transportat Tech Comm, Reston, VA 20191 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0740-722X J9 AEROSPACE AM JI Aerosp. Am. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 38 EP 43 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX9TN UT WOS:000384738200013 ER PT J AU Kehler, CR AF Kehler, C. Robert TI Nuclear Weapons & Nuclear Use SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Article AB While nuclear weapons were conceived to end a war, in the aftermath of their operational use at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, they became the central (and controversial) means to prevent a war. Nuclear deterrence formed the foundation of U.S. Cold War doctrine and the basis of an extended security guarantee to our allies. But the Cold War ended one-quarter century ago, and questions about the efficacy of deterrence, the need for nuclear weapons, and the ethics surrounding them have resurfaced as some call for further major reductions in inventory or the complete elimination of the U.S. nuclear arsenal. Discussed from the perspective of a military practitioner, this essay highlights the continuing need for U.S. nuclear weapons in a global security environment that is highly complex and uncertain, and describes the means by which the credibility of the nuclear portion of the strategic deterrent is being preserved even as the role and prominence of these weapons have been reduced. C1 [Kehler, C. Robert] US Air Force, Washington, DC USA. [Kehler, C. Robert] US Strateg Command, Offutt AFB, Omaha, NE 68113 USA. [Kehler, C. Robert] Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA. RP Kehler, CR (reprint author), US Strateg Command, Offutt AFB, Omaha, NE 68113 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA ONE ROGERS ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1209 USA SN 0011-5266 EI 1548-6192 J9 DAEDALUS-US JI Daedalus PD FAL PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 50 EP 61 DI 10.1162/DAED_a_00411 PG 12 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DX6WN UT WOS:000384526300005 ER PT J AU Sereda, V Ralbovsky, NM Vasudev, MC Naik, RR Lednev, IK AF Sereda, Valentin Ralbovsky, Nicole M. Vasudev, Milana C. Naik, Rajesh R. Lednev, Igor K. TI Polarized raman spectroscopy for determining the orientation of di-d-phenylalanine molecules in a nanotube SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE peptide nanotube; polarized Raman spectroscopy; nanotube structure; orientation distribution function; diphenylalanine ID TRANS-N-METHYLACETAMIDE; PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; AROMATIC-AMINO-ACIDS; PEPTIDE NANOTUBES; LASER RAMAN; HYDROPHOBIC DIPEPTIDES; ND(III) COMPLEXES; AMYLOID FIBRILS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL AB Self-assembly of short peptides into nanostructures has become an important strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of nanomaterials. Significant interest to such peptide-based building blocks is due to the opportunity to control the structure and properties of well-structured nanotubes, nanofibrils, and hydrogels. X-ray crystallography and solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), two major tools of structural biology, have significant limitations when applied to peptide nanotubes because of their non-crystalline structure and large weight. Polarized Raman spectroscopy was utilized for structural characterization of well-aligned di-d-diphenylalanine nanotubes. The orientation of selected chemical groups relative to the main axis of the nanotube was determined. Specifically, the C-N bond of CNH3+ groups is oriented parallel to the nanotube axis, the peptides' carbonyl groups are tilted at approximately 54 degrees from the axis, and the COO- groups run perpendicular to the axis. The determined orientation of chemical groups allowed the understanding of the orientation of di-d-diphenylalanine molecule that is consistent with its equilibrium conformation. The obtained data indicate that there is only one orientation of di-d-diphenylalanine molecules with respect to the nanotube main axis. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sereda, Valentin; Ralbovsky, Nicole M.; Lednev, Igor K.] SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Vasudev, Milana C.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dept Bioengn, 285 Old Westport Rd, Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Naik, Rajesh R.] Air Force Res Lab, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lednev, IK (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM ilednev@albany.edu OI Ralbovsky, Nicole/0000-0002-4498-6567 FU National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health [R01AG033719]; AFOSR FX We are grateful to Prof. Laurence Nafie for stimulating discussions and valuable advice. This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Grant R01AG033719 (I.K.L.). R.R.N. acknowledges support from AFOSR. NR 86 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 47 IS 9 SI SI BP 1056 EP 1062 DI 10.1002/jrs.4884 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA DX0TY UT WOS:000384079400010 PM 27795612 ER PT J AU Stauffer, HU Wrzesinski, PJ Roy, S Kulatilaka, WD Gord, JR AF Stauffer, Hans U. Wrzesinski, Paul J. Roy, Sukesh Kulatilaka, Waruna D. Gord, James R. TI Collision-independent detection of molecular two-photon excitation by time-resolved parametric four-wave mixing SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ultrafast spectroscopy; combustion diagnostics; four-wave mixing; hybrid fs; ps four-wave mixing ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; GAS-PHASE THERMOMETRY; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; NITRIC-OXIDE; INTERFERENCE-FREE; TUBULAR FLAMES; TEMPERATURE; SPECTROSCOPY; OH AB We report collision-independent detection of gas-phase nitric oxide (NO) via a two-pulse, femtosecond (fs) time-resolved parametric four-wave-mixing (PFWM) optical-probe scheme. This approach exploits the broadband two-photon excitation of rovibrational manifolds associated with resonant electronic molecular transitions, allowing species-specific detection. The observed time-domain fs-PFWM spectral signature associated with this broadband electronic two-photon excitation process is shown to exhibit negligible dependence on colliding-partner concentrations at short (<10ps) time delays, even in the presence of species that strongly quench excited-state fluorescence. Furthermore, by employing a hybrid fs/ps PFWM scheme, the broadband two-photon absorption spectrum of the molecular species of interest is demonstrated to be resolved in the wavenumber domain without need to scan the probe-pulse delay. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Stauffer, Hans U.; Wrzesinski, Paul J.; Roy, Sukesh; Kulatilaka, Waruna D.] Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Ste 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Roy, S (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Ste 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.; Gord, JR (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM roy.sukesh@gmail.com; james.gord@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-15-D-2518] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory (Contract #FA8650-15-D-2518). The authors thank Dr. Joseph D. Miller for technical assistance. This work has been approved for public release (No. 88ABW-2015-5352). NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 47 IS 9 SI SI BP 1124 EP 1129 DI 10.1002/jrs.4872 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA DX0TY UT WOS:000384079400018 ER PT J AU Russo, RM Neff, LP Johnson, MA Williams, TK AF Russo, Rachel M. Neff, Lucas P. Johnson, Michael Austin Williams, Timothy K. TI EMERGING ENDOVASCULAR THERAPIES FOR NON-COMPRESSIBLE TORSO HEMORRHAGE SO SHOCK LA English DT Review DE Critical care; prehospital; REBOA; shock; trauma ID AORTIC BALLOON OCCLUSION; RESPONSE SYNDROME SCORE; BLUNT TRAUMA PATIENTS; ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; ARCH PERFUSION; THORACIC AORTA; CARDIAC-ARREST; SWINE MODEL; RESUSCITATION; SHOCK AB Management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) remains a challenge despite continued advancements in trauma resuscitation. Resuscitative thoracotomy with aortic cross-clamping and recent advances in endovascular aortic occlusion, including resuscitative endovascular occlusion of the aorta, have finite durations of therapy due to the inherent physiologic stressors that accompany complete occlusion. Here, we attempt to illuminate the current state of aortic occlusion for trauma resuscitation including explanation of the deleterious consequences of complete occlusion, potential methods and limitations of existing technology to overcome these consequences, and a description of innovative methods to improve the resuscitation of NCTH. By explaining the complexity and potential deleterious effects of resuscitation augmented with aortic occlusion, our goal is to provide practitioners with a real-world perspective on current endovascular technology and to encourage the continued innovation required to overcome existing obstacles. C1 [Russo, Rachel M.; Neff, Lucas P.] UC Davis Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sacramento, CA USA. [Neff, Lucas P.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Travis AFB, CA USA. [Neff, Lucas P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Johnson, Michael Austin] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Williams, Timothy K.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Travis AFB, CA USA. RP Williams, TK (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM timothy.williams.72@us.af.mil NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1073-2322 EI 1540-0514 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD SEP PY 2016 VL 46 IS 3 SU 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000641 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DX3HG UT WOS:000384263600003 ER PT J AU Corley, JB Messenger, JM Cheser, JL Griffin, EP Taylor, AL Shackelford, SA Cap, AP AF Corley, J. B. Messenger, J. M. Cheser, J. L. Griffin, E. P. Taylor, A. L. Shackelford, S. A. Cap, A. P. TI Implementation of Cold Stored Platelets for Combat Trauma Resuscitation SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AABB Annual Meeting CY OCT 22-25, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP AABB C1 [Cap, A. P.] US Army Inst Surg Res, Coagulat & Blood Res, Jbsa Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Cap, A. P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Corley, J. B.; Taylor, A. L.] US Army Blood Program, Jbsa Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Messenger, J. M.] Armed Serv Blood Bank Ctr Pacific Northwest, Tacoma, WA USA. [Cheser, J. L.; Griffin, E. P.] Cent Command, Joint Theater Blood Program, MacDill Afb, FL USA. [Shackelford, S. A.] Joint Trauma Syst, Jbsa Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Cheser, J. L.] 932nd Med Detachment Blood Support, Bagram Ab, Afghanistan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2016 VL 56 SU 4 SI SI MA S30-020B BP 16A EP 17A PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DX8NS UT WOS:000384646400037 ER PT J AU Ding, SH Cao, SY Zheng, YF Ewing, RL AF Ding, Sihao Cao, Siyang Zheng, Yuan F. Ewing, Robert L. TI From image pair to a computer generated hologram for a real-world scene SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LOOK-UP TABLE; FRONT RECORDING PLANE; COMPUTATION; DISPLAY; GPU AB We propose an approach to produce computer generated holograms (CGHs) from image pairs of a real-world scene. The ratio of the three-dimensional (3D) physical size of the object is computed from the image pair to provide the correct depth cue. A multilayer wavefront recording plane method completed with a two-stage occlusion culling process is carried out for wave propagation. Multiple holograms can be generated by propagating the wave toward the desired angles, to cover the circular views that are wider than the viewing angle restricted by the wavelength and pitch size of a single hologram. The impact of the imperfect depth information extracted from the image pair on CGH is examined. The approach is evaluated extensively on image pairs of real-world 3D scenes, and the results demonstrate that the circular-view CGH can be produced from a pair of stereo images using the proposed approach. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Ding, Sihao; Zheng, Yuan F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cao, Siyang] Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ewing, Robert L.] US Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zheng, YF (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM zheng.5@osu.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 27 BP 7583 EP 7592 DI 10.1364/AO.55.007583 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA DW9QO UT WOS:000383996900019 PM 27661586 ER PT J AU Ombrello, T Blunck, DL Resor, M AF Ombrello, Timothy Blunck, David L. Resor, Michael TI Quantified infrared imaging of ignition and combustion in a supersonic flow SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID EXHAUST PLUMES; CAVITY; FLAMES; OH; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; METHANE AB The utility of quantified infrared radiation imaging was evaluated through interrogating ignition and burning processes within a cavity-based flameholder in supersonic flows. Two ignition techniques, spark discharge and pulse detonation, along with quasi-steady cavity burning were used to assess the sensitivities of measurements of radiation intensities in the infrared. The shedding of ignition kernels from the spark discharge was imaged, showing that sufficient signal-to-noise ratios can be achieved even with weak radiation emission levels. The ignition events using a pulse detonator were captured with time-resolved measurements of the plume evolution, including the barrel shock, Mach disk, and shock diamonds. Radiation emissions from subsequent firings of the pulse detonator increased, indicating that heat loss to the tube walls occurred in the early pulses. Imaging of the quasi-steady burning within the cavity demonstrated that the highest burning flux (visible broadband chemiluminescence) and radiation from hydrocarbons (3.4 mu m) do not coincide with each other for the fueling strategy used. Numerical simulations provided insight into the species distributions that caused the infrared emissions. Overall, infrared radiation measurements have been shown to be feasible through combustor windows in the harsh combustion environments that were interrogated, and offer a new avenue for rapid and quantitative measurements of reactive flow. C1 [Ombrello, Timothy] Air Force Res Lab, High Speed Syst Div, 1950 Fifth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Blunck, David L.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, 314 Rogers Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Resor, Michael] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 7610 McEwen Rd, Dayton, OH 45459 USA. RP Blunck, DL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, 314 Rogers Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM David.Blunck@oregonstate.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory FX Funding and support from the Air Force Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish to thank Dr. Andrew Lethander for the use of the FLIR SC6800HD infrared camera, as well as Mr. Paul Gross and Lt. David McLellan for running the facilities during the experiments. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD SEP PY 2016 VL 57 IS 9 AR 140 DI 10.1007/s00348-016-2210-0 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA DX2QM UT WOS:000384215700003 ER PT J AU Yao, G Pellizzoni, R Bak, S Yun, H Caccamo, M AF Yao, Gang Pellizzoni, Rodolfo Bak, Stanley Yun, Heechul Caccamo, Marco TI Global Real-Time Memory-Centric Scheduling for Multicore Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Real-time system; memory centric scheduling; global multicore schedulability analysis ID SCHEDULABILITY ANALYSIS; EMBEDDED SYSTEMS; PLATFORMS AB As the number of cores increases, more master components can simultaneously access main memory. In real-time systems, this ongoing trend is leading to crippling pessimism when computing the worst-case cache miss time, since a memory request could potentially contend with other requests coming from every other core in the system. CPU-centric scheduling policies, therefore, are no longer sufficient to guarantee schedulability without introducing unacceptable pessimism for memory-intensive task sets. For this reason, we believe a shift is needed towards real-time scheduling approaches that can prevent timing interference from memory contention, while still making efficient use of the multicore platform. Previously, we have demonstrated the practicality of the PREM task model, where each job consists of a sequence of phases, some of which access memory and some of which perform only computation on cached data. In this work, we present the first global memory-centric scheduling policy for memory-intensive task sets whose jobs can be modeled as a sequence of memory-intensive (memory phase) and execution-intensive (execution phase) phases. The proposed policy is parameterizable based on the number of cores which are allowed to concurrently access main memory without saturating it. Building upon results from multicore response-time analysis, we introduce the notion of virtual memory cores as a fundamental technique for performing phase-based response time analysis for memory-intensive task sets. Finally, we use synthetic task set generation to demonstrate that proposed scheduling policy and related schedulability bound do indeed better schedule memory-intensive task sets when compared to state-of-art multicore scheduling. C1 [Yao, Gang; Caccamo, Marco] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Pellizzoni, Rodolfo] Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON, Canada. [Bak, Stanley] US Air Force, Res Lab, Rome, NY USA. [Yun, Heechul] Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Yao, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL USA. EM gangyao@illinois.edu; rpellizz@uwaterloo.ca; stanley.bak.1@us.af.mil; heechul.yun@ku.edu; mcaccamo@illinois.edu FU ONR [N00014-12-1-0046]; Lockheed Martin [2009-00524]; Rockwell Collins RPS [645038]; NSERC [DG 402369-2011]; AFOSR; NSF [CNS-1302563]; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-1219064] FX This research is supported in part by ONR N00014-12-1-0046, Lockheed Martin 2009-00524, Rockwell Collins RPS#645038, NSERC DG 402369-2011, AFOSR, NSF CNS-1302563, and the US National Science Foundation (NSF) CNS-1219064. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the ONR, NSERC, NSF or the supporting companies. The majority of the work was performed while the author Stanley Bak was at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. DISTRIBUTION A. Approved for public release; Distribution unlimited. (Approval AFRL PA case number 88ABW-2015-4173, 02 SEP 2015). NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9340 EI 1557-9956 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 9 BP 2739 EP 2751 DI 10.1109/TC.2015.2500572 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DX1MC UT WOS:000384130500005 ER PT J AU Rizzetta, DP Visbal, MR AF Rizzetta, Donald P. Visbal, Miguel R. TI Simulation of Laminar-Flow Compatible High-Lift Wing Configuration with Flow Control SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference / 45th AIAA Thermophysics Conference CY JUN 22-26, 2015-2016 CL Dallas, TX SP AIAA ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; SCHEMES; GRIDS AB Large-eddy simulations were carried out to describe the flow past a high-lift wing section. The configuration consists of a baseline laminar flow geometry, with smoothly deflected leading- and trailing-edge flaps, corresponding to a wind-tunnel model. Both flaps are deployed at a 45deg angle with respect to the undeflected state, and blowing from internal plenums is employed to mitigate transition, increase attached flow, and enhance lift. Solutions were obtained to the Navier-Stokes equations, at the experimental chord-based Reynolds number of 1x10(6) and Mach number of 0.14. The numerical method is based upon a high-fidelity scheme and an implicit time-marching approach. Results were generated for two different angles of attack, in freestream conditions and within the confines of wind-tunnel walls. Comparisons are made with available experimental data in terms of surface pressure distributions, and the effect of blowing is quantified by comparison to baseline cases without control. Details of the computations are described, and physical features of the computed flowfields are characterized. Disparities between measurements and computations were attributable to many details of the experimental arrangement that were unknown or that could not be duplicated in the numerical calculations. The large-scale simulations provided much information of a complex flow situation, by capturing detailed physics of the configuration, that could not be obtained through alternative methods. C1 [Rizzetta, Donald P.; Visbal, Miguel R.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerodynam Technol Branch, RQVA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rizzetta, Donald P.; Visbal, Miguel R.] AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Rizzetta, DP (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerodynam Technol Branch, RQVA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Rizzetta, DP (reprint author), AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1419 EP 1430 DI 10.2514/1.C033596 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX3TS UT WOS:000384297800018 ER PT J AU Shimomura, ET Briones, AJ Warren, WS Addison, JW Knittel, JL Shoemaker, SA King, TD Bosy, TZ AF Shimomura, Eric T. Briones, Alice J. Warren, Wendy S. Addison, Joseph W. Knittel, Jessica L. Shoemaker, Sarah A. King, Taj D. Bosy, Thomas Z. TI Case Report of Methylone, Oxymorphone and Ethanol in a Fatality Case with Tissue Distribution SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTOXICATION AB It is reasonable to expect the presence of multiple drugs to present a complicated picture of toxicity. We report a fatal case involving a young man who purchased illicit drugs and knowingly consumed them. After consuming these drugs and going to sleep in his friend's car, he was found unresponsive the next morning with no signs of physical violence. Drugs found in the peripheral blood at autopsy were oxymorphone, methylone and ethanol at concentrations of 0.106, 0.50 and 130 mg/dL, respectively. The levels of oxymorphone and methylone in peripheral blood were comparable to those observed in other reported fatalities. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine were detected in the urine but not in the blood. Measureable concentrations were also observed for oxymorphone and methylone in urine, liver, kidney and bile. The physical findings at autopsy included pulmonary edema. This is the only reported fatal case involving this combination of drugs encountered in our laboratory. C1 [Shimomura, Eric T.; Addison, Joseph W.; Knittel, Jessica L.; Shoemaker, Sarah A.; Bosy, Thomas Z.] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. [Briones, Alice J.; Warren, Wendy S.] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Off Armed Forces Med Examiner, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. [King, Taj D.] Navy Drug Screening Lab, POB 113,Bldg H-2033 Adams Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Shimomura, ET (reprint author), Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA. EM eric.t.shimomura.civ@mail.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 40 IS 7 BP 543 EP 545 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw045 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DW8OJ UT WOS:000383915100010 PM 27405363 ER PT J AU Craciun, V Cristea, D Socol, G Lambers, E Trusca, R Fairchild, S Back, T Gruen, G Craciun, D AF Craciun, Valentin Cristea, Daniel Socol, Gabriel Lambers, Eric Trusca, Roxana Fairchild, Steven Back, Tyson Gruen, Greggory Craciun, Doina TI Characteristics of LaB6 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID LANTHANUM HEXABORIDE; THERMIONIC EMISSION; HARDNESS; COPPER AB LaB6 thin films were deposited at a temperature of 500 degrees C under vacuum or Ar atmosphere by the pulsed laser deposition technique on (100) Si substrates using a KrF laser. Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction investigations found that films were nanocrystalline, with grain size dimensions from 86 to 102 nm and exhibited microstrain values around 1.1%. Simulations of the x-ray reflectivity curves acquired from the deposited films showed that films had a density around 4.55 g/cm(3), and were very smooth, with a surface roughness root-mean-square of 1.5 nm, which was also confirmed by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy measurements. All films were covered by a similar to 2 nm thick contamination layer that formed when samples were exposed to the ambient. Auger electron spectroscopy investigations found very low oxygen impurity levels below 1.5 at.% once the contamination surface layer was removed by Ar ion sputtering. Four point probe measurements showed that films were conductive, with a resistivity value around 200 mu Omega cm for those deposited under Ar atmosphere and slightly higher for those deposited under vacuum. Nanoindentation and scratch investigations showed that films were rather hard, H similar to 16 GPa, E similar to 165 GPa, and adherent to the substrate. Thermionic emission measurements indicated a work function value of 2.66 eV, very similar to other reported values for LaB6. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Craciun, Valentin; Socol, Gabriel; Craciun, Doina] Natl Inst Lasers Plasma & Radiat Phys, Magurele 077125, Romania. [Cristea, Daniel] Transilvania Univ Brasov, Dept Mat Sci, Brasov 500036, Romania. [Lambers, Eric] Univ Florida, MAIC, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Trusca, Roxana] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci, Dept Sci & Engn Oxide Mat & Nanomat, Bucharest 011061, Romania. [Fairchild, Steven; Back, Tyson; Gruen, Greggory] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Back, Tyson; Gruen, Greggory] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Energy & Environm Engn Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Craciun, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Lasers Plasma & Radiat Phys, Magurele 077125, Romania. EM doina.craciun@inflpr.ro FU Project Nucleu; EU [POSCCE-A2-O2.2.1-2013-1/Prioritary Axe 2, 638/12.03.2014, ID 1970, SMIS-CSNR Code 48652]; [STAR-ROSA 60/2013]; [PN-II-ID-PCE-2012-4-0467]; [O.2.2.1.]; [ID 123]; [SMIS 2637]; [11/2009] FX This work was supported by the Grant No. STAR-ROSA 60/2013, Project No. PN-II-ID-PCE-2012-4-0467, Project Nucleu and EU-funding Project Nos. POSCCE-A2-O2.2.1-2013-1/Prioritary Axe 2, 638/12.03.2014, ID 1970, SMIS-CSNR Code 48652. The authors hereby acknowledge the structural funds Project No. PRO-DD (POS-CCE, O.2.2.1., ID 123, SMIS 2637, Ctr. No 11/2009) for providing some of the infrastructure used in this work. The authors want to thank M. Socol for help with the AFM investigations. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD SEP PY 2016 VL 34 IS 5 AR 051509 DI 10.1116/1.4960647 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DX3HH UT WOS:000384263700025 ER PT J AU Naderi, NA Flores, A Anderson, BM Dajani, I AF Naderi, Nader A. Flores, Angel Anderson, Brian M. Dajani, Iyad TI Beam combinable, kilowatt, all-fiber amplifier based on phase-modulated laser gain competition SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report power scaling results of a highly efficient narrow-linewidth monolithic Yb-doped fiber amplifier seeded with two signals, operating at 1038 and 1064 nm. With the appropriate seed power ratio applied, this technique was shown to suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering in conjunction with phase modulation, while generating the output power in predominantly the longer wavelength signal. Notably, the integration of laser gain competition with pseudo-random bit sequence phase modulation, set at a clock rate of 2.5 GHz and utilizing an optimized pattern to match the shortened effective nonlinear length, yielded 1 kW of output power. The beam quality was measured to be near the diffraction limit with no sign of transverse mode instability. Furthermore, the coherent beam combination performance of the amplifier provided a 90% combining efficiency with no indication of spectral broadening when compared to the single-tone case. Overall, the power scaling results represent a significant reduction in spectral linewidth compared to that of commercially available narrow-linewidth Yb-doped fiber amplifiers. C1 [Naderi, Nader A.; Flores, Angel; Anderson, Brian M.; Dajani, Iyad] US Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Naderi, NA (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM afrl.rdlc.sci.org@kirtland.af.mil NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 17 BP 3964 EP 3967 DI 10.1364/OL.41.003964 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DX1IL UT WOS:000384120100014 PM 27607948 ER PT J AU Demasi, L Santarpia, E Dipace, A Cavallaro, R Gordnier, RE AF Demasi, Luciano Santarpia, Enrico Dipace, Antonio Cavallaro, Rauno Gordnier, Raymond E. TI Aerodynamic and Structural Studies of a Flapping Wing in Forward Flight SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference CY APR 08-11, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP AIAA, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC ID ENERGY-MOMENTUM METHOD; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; INSECT FLIGHT; FLEXIBILITY; INTEGRATION; ALGORITHMS; STABILITY; EQUATIONS; VORTEX; LIFT AB Flapping flight is commonly seen in nature at low Reynolds numbers. This work investigates the physical aspects of forward flight for flapping unmanned aerial systems. The kinematics discussed in this paper is based on an anticlockwise figure-8-shaped flapping cycle. The evolution of the complex, unsteady vortical flow system that develops during the flapping motion is presented. Mechanisms for generating the lift and thrust are discussed, with emphasis on the unsteadiness of the flow features during both the downstroke and upstroke phases. A one-way fluid-structure interaction has been investigated, and the relative importance of aerodynamic forces is compared with respect to the inertial forces. The inhomogeneity of the wing in terms of mass distribution is studied, and it is shown that a higher density at the wing root is beneficial in respect to the mechanical power required to achieve the forward flight. Limited benefit is observed when higher material density at the leading edge is adopted. C1 [Demasi, Luciano; Santarpia, Enrico; Dipace, Antonio; Cavallaro, Rauno] San Diego State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Gordnier, Raymond E.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Aerodynam Technol Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Santarpia, Enrico; Cavallaro, Rauno] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Dipace, Antonio] San Diego State Univ, Computat Sci Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Dipace, Antonio] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Ingn Aerosp, Pisa, Italy. RP Demasi, L (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM ldemasi@mail.sdsu.edu OI Cavallaro, Rauno/0000-0001-8380-1388 NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 2768 EP 2781 DI 10.2514/1.J054496 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DV8GN UT WOS:000383175600015 ER PT J AU Huang, C Anderson, WE Harvazinski, ME Sankaran, V AF Huang, Cheng Anderson, William E. Harvazinski, Matthew E. Sankaran, Venkateswaran TI Analysis of Self-Excited Combustion Instabilities Using Decomposition Techniques SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; DYNAMIC-MODE DECOMPOSITION; FLOWS AB Proper orthogonal decomposition and dynamic mode decomposition are evaluated for the study of self-excited longitudinal combustion instabilities in laboratory-scaled single-element gas turbine and rocket combustors. Since each proper orthogonal decomposition mode comprises multiple frequencies, specific modes of the pressure and heat release are not related, which makes the analysis more qualitative and less efficient for identifying physical mechanisms. On the other hand, dynamic mode decomposition analysis generates a global frequency spectrum in which each mode corresponds to a specific discrete frequency so that different dynamics can be correlated. In addition, proper orthogonal decomposition results are found to be inaccurate when only a limited amount of spatial information is provided in contrast with dynamic mode decomposition results, which provide more reliable results. Overall, dynamic mode decomposition analysis proves to be a robust and systematic method that can give consistent interpretations of the periodic physics underlying combustion instabilities. C1 [Huang, Cheng; Anderson, William E.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Harvazinski, Matthew E.; Sankaran, Venkateswaran] US Air Force, Res Lab, Rocket Prop Div, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA. RP Huang, C (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. FU NASA [NNX11AI62A, NCC3-989]; John Zink Company FX The authors acknowledge the support of NASA under grant number NNX11AI62A, with Program Manager Julie Fowler and Technical Monitor Kevin Breisacher, and NCC3-989, with Program Manager Claudia Meyer. The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from John Zink Company. Also, the authors wish to acknowledge the technical advice of Charles Merkle and the recommendations regarding dynamic mode decomposition from Sebastien Ducruix of Laboratoire EM2C at Ecole Centrale, Paris. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 2791 EP 2807 DI 10.2514/1.J054557 PG 17 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DV8GN UT WOS:000383175600017 ER PT J AU Svoboda, SJ Owens, BD Harvey, TM Tarwater, PM Brechue, WF Cameron, KL AF Svoboda, S. J. Owens, B. D. Harvey, T. M. Tarwater, P. M. Brechue, W. F. Cameron, K. L. TI The association between serum biomarkers of collagen turnover and subsequent anterior cruciate ligament rupture (vol 44, pg 1687, 2016) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Correction AB Svoboda SJ, Owens BD, Harvey TM, Tarwater PM, Brechue WF, Cameron KL. The association between serum biomarkers of collagen turnover and subsequent anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44(7):1687-1693. (Original DOI: 10.1177/0363546516640515) In the above article, the affiliation for Travis M. Harvey was incorrectly listed. The correct affiliation is United States Special Operations Command, MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, USA. C1 [Harvey, T. M.] US Special Operat Command, Macdill AFB, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 EI 1552-3365 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 44 IS 9 BP NP47 EP NP47 DI 10.1177/0363546516663908 PG 1 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DV6CU UT WOS:000383019300003 ER PT J AU Worth, B Lee, KM Tondiglia, VP Myers, J Mou, S White, TJ AF Worth, Bradley, II Lee, Kyung Min Tondiglia, Vincent P. Myers, Joshua Mou, Shin White, Timothy J. TI Dynamic, infrared bandpass filters prepared from polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-REFLECTION; TRANSPARENT; BUILDINGS; DISPLAYS; WINDOWS; FILM AB We report on the formulation and electrical control of the position and bandwidth of reflective bandpass filters prepared from cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) in the infrared (3-5 mu m). These filters are prepared from alignment cells employing infrared transparent electrodes and substrates. The optical nature of the electrodes is shown to strongly influence the resulting transmission of the bandpass filters outside of the spectral reflection. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Worth, Bradley, II; Lee, Kyung Min; Tondiglia, Vincent P.; Myers, Joshua; Mou, Shin; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Worth, Bradley, II; Tondiglia, Vincent P.] Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Corp, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway 230, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Myers, Joshua] Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. RP White, TJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Timothy.White.24@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 25 BP 7134 EP 7137 DI 10.1364/AO.55.007134 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DW9PS UT WOS:000383994600045 PM 27607292 ER PT J AU O'Hara, P Duarte, CA Eason, T AF O'Hara, P. Duarte, C. A. Eason, T. TI A two-scale generalized finite element method for interaction and coalescence of multiple crack surfaces SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE G/XFEM; Multi-scale methods; Enriched finite element methods; Crack interaction; Crack coalescence ID LOCAL ENRICHMENT FUNCTIONS; ENERGY-BASED FORMULATION; DAMAGE ANALYSIS; MECHANICS PROBLEMS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; 3-D SIMULATION; PART I; GROWTH; PROPAGATION; FATIGUE AB This paper presents the application of a two-scale generalized finite element method (GFEM) which allows for static fracture analyses as well as fatigue crack propagation simulations involving the interaction of multiple crack surfaces on fixed, coarse finite element (FE) meshes. The approach is based on the use of numerically-generated enrichment functions computed on-the-fly through the use of locally-defined boundary value problems (BVPs) in the regions of existing mechanically-short cracks. The two-scale GFEM approach is verified against analytical reference solutions as well as alternative numerical approaches for crack interaction problems, including the coalescence of multiple crack surfaces. The numerical examples demonstrate the ability of the proposed approach to deliver accurate results even in scenarios involving multiple, interacting discontinuities contained within a single computational element. The proposed approach is also applied to a crack shielding/crack arrest problem involving two propagating crack surfaces in a representative panel model similar in complexity to that which may be of interest to the aerospace community. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Hara, P.] Universal Technol Corp, 1270 North Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Duarte, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Newmark Lab, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Eason, T.] Air Force Res Lab, Struct Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP O'Hara, P (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, 1270 North Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. EM patrick.ohara.3.ctr@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [09RB07COR] FX The financial support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through Task No. 09RB07COR (Dr. David Stargel, Program Officer), is gratefully acknowledged. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 EI 1873-7315 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 163 BP 274 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.06.009 PG 29 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DW0CW UT WOS:000383309500018 ER PT J AU Bagdasarov, Z Johnson, JF MacDougall, AE Steele, LM Connelly, S Mumford, MD AF Bagdasarov, Zhanna Johnson, James F. MacDougall, Alexandra E. Steele, Logan M. Connelly, Shane Mumford, Michael D. TI Mental Models and Ethical Decision Making: The Mediating Role of Sensemaking SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS LA English DT Article DE Ethics; Knowledge; Mental models; Sensemaking; Ethical decision making ID TRAINING EFFECTIVENESS; STRATEGIES; CREATIVITY; ORGANIZATIONS; PERFORMANCE; INSTRUCTION; THINKING; LIMITS AB The relationship between mental models and ethical decision making (EDM), along with the mechanisms through which mental models affect EDM, are not well understood. Using the sensemaking approach to EDM, we empirically tested the relationship of mental models (or knowledge representations about an ethical situation) to EDM. Participants were asked to depict their mental models in response to an ethics case to reveal their understanding of the ethical dilemma, and then provide a response, along with a rationale, to a different ethical problem. Findings indicated that complexity of respondents' mental models was related to EDM, and that this relationship was mediated by sensemaking processes (i.e., cause and constraint criticality, and forecast quality). The implications of these findings for improving integrity training in organizations, as well as ultimately understanding the role of mental models in EDM, are discussed. C1 [Bagdasarov, Zhanna] Calif State Univ Fresno, Craig Sch Business, Dept Management, 5245 N Backer Ave,M-S PB7, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Johnson, James F.] Air Force Personnel Ctr, Strateg Res & Assessment Branch, Randolph AFB, TX USA. [MacDougall, Alexandra E.; Steele, Logan M.; Connelly, Shane; Mumford, Michael D.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Bagdasarov, Z (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Craig Sch Business, Dept Management, 5245 N Backer Ave,M-S PB7, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM zhannab@csufresno.edu NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4544 EI 1573-0697 J9 J BUS ETHICS JI J. Bus. Ethics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 138 IS 1 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.1007/s10551-015-2620-6 PG 12 WC Business; Ethics SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DV7BB UT WOS:000383089700010 ER PT J AU Hatzfeld, JJ Nelson, MS Waters, CM Jennings, BM AF Hatzfeld, Jennifer J. Nelson, Mary S. Waters, Catherine M. Jennings, Bonnie Mowinski TI Factors influencing health behaviors among active duty Air Force personnel SO NURSING OUTLOOK LA English DT Article DE Military personnel; Health promotion; Nursing; Qualitative research ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTION; METAANALYSIS; PROMOTION; WOMEN AB Background: Individual health behaviors affect whether U.S. Air Force (USAF) service members are fit and ready to deploy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand health behaviors of USAF members to guide future interventions to reduce cardiovascular risks. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with a purposive sample of 24 active duty USAF participants. Conventional content analysis was used to derive data-driven themes that were compared with the Health Promotion Model (HPM). Discussion: Participants defined health in a multifactorial way that covered physical, emotional, and spiritual dimensions. The three themes that contributed to participants' health behaviors addressed: "who I am," "what works for me," and the USAF culture. There was a poor fit between findings as expressed by these participants and the HPM. Conclusion: Although these findings were derived from a sample of USAF participants, the findings have implications for members of other military services. The findings also have relevance for nurses and other providers within the civilian work environments who can promote health and wellness by integrating a client's personal history into a plan for developing and sustaining a healthy lifestyle. C1 [Hatzfeld, Jennifer J.; Nelson, Mary S.] David Grand USAF Med Ctr, Med Grp 60, Travis AFB, CA USA. [Waters, Catherine M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Dept Community Hlth Syst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Jennings, Bonnie Mowinski] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hatzfeld, Jennifer J.] Def Hlth Res & Dev Program, 504 Scott St MCMR RTC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hatzfeld, JJ (reprint author), US Air Force, Def Hlth Res & Dev Program, 504 Scott St MCMR RTC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.; Hatzfeld, JJ (reprint author), Def Hlth Res & Dev Program, 504 Scott St MCMR RTC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jennifer.j.hatzfeld.mil@mail.mil FU TriService Nursing Research Program [N10-P14] FX Special thanks to the participants in this study for sharing their time and personal journey with health behaviors. The authors also wish to acknowledge Mr. Art Stout for his tireless work as a research assistant and the staff at the Health and Wellness Center at Travis AFB for their support of this project. This study was funded by the TriService Nursing Research Program (N10-P14). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0029-6554 EI 1528-3968 J9 NURS OUTLOOK JI Nurs. Outlook PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 64 IS 5 SI SI BP 440 EP 449 DI 10.1016/j.outlook.2016.05.004 PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DW6CE UT WOS:000383733200008 PM 27390082 ER PT J AU Junek, WN Houchin, CA Wehlen, JA Poffenberger, A Henson, AS AF Junek, William N. Houchin, Charles A. Wehlen, Joseph A., III Poffenberger, Alan Henson, Anne S. TI Monitoring the Performance of a Geophysical Data Processing Pipeline Using Financial Analysis Inspired Tools SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material AB Routine monitoring of the United States National Data Center (US NDC) geophysical data processing system's performance is critical for identifying potential or ongoing problems that may otherwise go unnoticed. Daily reviews of the US NDC system's automated network and station processing results are conducted by a human analyst using an interactive web application constructed from a collection of open-source software. A key feature of this tool is its use of time-series visualization techniques typically employed by the financial industry to analyze stock market trends. These techniques allow the user to quickly visualize the relationship between multiple time-series datasets (e.g., automatic detections, background noise, and analyst-reviewed detections). This enables the identification of a variety of problems such as the influence of seasonal noise variations on automatic signal detectors or the effect software changes have on system performance over time. The tool empowers the user to make data-driven decisions when selecting the appropriate corrective action for solving a particular problem. C1 [Junek, William N.; Houchin, Charles A.; Wehlen, Joseph A., III; Poffenberger, Alan] Air Force Tech Applicat Ctr, 10989 South Patrick Dr, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. [Henson, Anne S.] Leidos Corp, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. RP Junek, WN (reprint author), Air Force Tech Applicat Ctr, 10989 South Patrick Dr, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. EM william.junek@us.af.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0895-0695 EI 1938-2057 J9 SEISMOL RES LETT JI Seismol. Res. Lett. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1138 EP 1142 DI 10.1785/0220150273 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DW7KY UT WOS:000383830800013 ER PT J AU Cleveland, JL Gray, SK Harte, JA Robison, VA Moorman, AC Gooch, BF AF Cleveland, Jennifer L. Gray, Shellie Kolavic Harte, Jennifer A. Robison, Valerie A. Moorman, Anne C. Gooch, Barbara F. TI Transmission of blood-borne pathogens in US dental health care settings 2016 update SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Infection control; infection prevention; dentistry; blood-borne pathogens; hepatitis B virus; hepatitis C virus; human immunodeficiency virus; health care-associated infection; standard precautions ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; B-VIRUS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GUIDELINES; INFECTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; MANAGEMENT; PERSONNEL AB Background. During the past decade, investigators have reported transmissions of blood-borne pathogens (BBPs) in dental settings. In this article, the authors describe these transmissions and examine the lapses in infection prevention on the basis of available information. Methods. The authors reviewed the literature from 2003 through 2015 to identify reports of the transmission of BBPs in dental settings and related lapses in infection prevention efforts, as well as to identify reports of known or suspected health care-associated BBP infections submitted by state health departments to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results. The authors identified 3 published reports whose investigators described the transmission of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In 2 of these reports, the investigators described single-transmission events (from 1 patient to another) in outpatient oral surgery practices. The authors of the third report described the possible transmission of hepatitis B virus to 3 patients and 2 dental health care personnel in a large temporary dental clinic. The authors identified lapses in infection prevention practices that occurred during 2 of the investigations; however, the investigators were not always able to link a specific lapse to a transmission event. Examples of lapses included the failure to heat-sterilize handpieces between patients, a lack of training for volunteers on BBPs, and the use of a combination of unsafe injection practices. Conclusions. The authors found that reports describing the transmission of BBPs in dental settings since 2003 were rare. Failure to adhere to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for infection control in dental settings likely led to disease transmission in these cases. Practical Implications. The existence of these reports emphasizes the need to improve dental health care personnel's understanding of the basic principles and implementation of standard precautions through the use of checklists, policies, and practices. C1 [Cleveland, Jennifer L.; Robison, Valerie A.; Gooch, Barbara F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS F-80,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gray, Shellie Kolavic; Harte, Jennifer A.] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harte, Jennifer A.] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Moorman, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Robison, VA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS F-80,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM VRobison@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1064-7481 EI 1545-7214 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 24 IS 9 BP 729 EP 738 DI 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.03.020 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA DV2OE UT WOS:000382759200013 ER PT J AU Brissett, W AF Brissett, Wilson TI JONATHAN EDWARDS'S WHITE THEOLOGY SO ELH LA English DT Article C1 [Brissett, Wilson] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Brissett, W (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0013-8304 EI 1080-6547 J9 ELH JI ELH PD FAL PY 2016 VL 83 IS 3 BP 711 EP 740 PG 30 WC Literature SC Literature GA DV7KZ UT WOS:000383116100003 ER PT J AU Volle, K Rogers, J Brink, K AF Volle, Kyle Rogers, Jonathan Brink, Kevin TI Decentralized Cooperative Control Methods for the Modified Weapon-Target Assignment Problem SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHMS AB Weapon-target assignment is a combinatorial optimization problem in which a set of weapons must selectively engage a set of targets. In its decentralized form, it is also an important problem in autonomous multi-agent robotics. In this work, decentralized methods are explored for a modified weapon-target assignment problem in which weapons seek to achieve a prespecified probability of kill on each target. Three novel cost functions are proposed that, in cases with low agent-to-target ratios, induce behaviors that may be preferable to the behaviors induced by classical cost functions. The performance of these proposed cost functions is explored in simulation of both homogeneous and heterogeneous engagement scenarios using airborne autonomous weapons. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed cost functions achieve desired behaviors in cases with low agent-to-target ratios where efficient use of weapons is particularly important. C1 [Volle, Kyle; Rogers, Jonathan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Brink, Kevin] US Air Force, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Volle, K (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1934 EP 1948 DI 10.2514/1.G001752 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DV9LH UT WOS:000383261500002 ER PT J AU Petersen, CD Leve, F Kolmanovsky, I AF Petersen, Christopher D. Leve, Frederick Kolmanovsky, Ilya TI Underactuated Spacecraft Switching Law for Two Reaction Wheels and Constant Angular Momentum SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID ATTITUDE-CONTROL; RIGID SPACECRAFT; CONTROL-SYSTEMS; CONTROLLABILITY; STABILIZATION; SATELLITE AB This paper develops a switching feedback controller for the attitude of an underactuated spacecraft that exploits two internal control torques provided by reaction wheels. The problem is challenging; for example, even in the zero total angular momentum case, no smooth or even continuous time-invariant feedback law for stabilizing a desired orientation exists. The method introduced here exploits the separation of the system states into inner-loop base variables and outer-loop fiber variables. The base variables track periodic reference trajectories, the amplitude of which is governed by parameters that are adjusted to induce an appropriate change in the fiber variables. Under suitable assumptions on the total angular momentum, this controller stabilizes an equilibrium that corresponds to a desired inertially fixed orientation. If the desired attitude violates the assumption on angular momentum, then controlled oscillations in a neighborhood around the target orientation are induced by the switching controller. The control scheme is based on several approximations and is designed for relatively small maneuvers close to the desired attitude in a vicinity which may be achieved by thruster-based control schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that the switching feedback law provides good performance in controlling the attitude of an underactuated spacecraft. C1 [Petersen, Christopher D.; Kolmanovsky, Ilya] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Leve, Frederick] US Air Force, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Petersen, CD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 9 BP 2086 EP 2099 DI 10.2514/1.G001680 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DV9LH UT WOS:000383261500013 ER PT J AU Cleveland, JL Gray, SK Harte, JA Robison, VA Moorman, AC Gooch, BF AF Cleveland, Jennifer L. Gray, Shellie Kolavic Harte, Jennifer A. Robison, Valerie A. Moorman, Anne C. Gooch, Barbara F. TI Transmission of blood-borne pathogens in US dental health care settings 2016 update SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Infection control; infection prevention; dentistry; blood-borne pathogens; hepatitis B virus; hepatitis C virus; human immunodeficiency virus; health care-associated infection; standard precautions ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; B-VIRUS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GUIDELINES; INFECTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; MANAGEMENT; PERSONNEL AB Background. During the past decade, investigators have reported transmissions of blood-borne pathogens (BBPs) in dental settings. In this article, the authors describe these transmissions and examine the lapses in infection prevention on the basis of available information. Methods. The authors reviewed the literature from 2003 through 2015 to identify reports of the transmission of BBPs in dental settings and related lapses in infection prevention efforts, as well as to identify reports of known or suspected health care-associated BBP infections submitted by state health departments to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results. The authors identified 3 published reports whose investigators described the transmission of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In 2 of these reports, the investigators described single-transmission events (from 1 patient to another) in outpatient oral surgery practices. The authors of the third report described the possible transmission of hepatitis B virus to 3 patients and 2 dental health care personnel in a large temporary dental clinic. The authors identified lapses in infection prevention practices that occurred during 2 of the investigations; however, the investigators were not always able to link a specific lapse to a transmission event. Examples of lapses included the failure to heat-sterilize handpieces between patients, a lack of training for volunteers on BBPs, and the use of a combination of unsafe injection practices. Conclusions. The authors found that reports describing the transmission of BBPs in dental settings since 2003 were rare. Failure to adhere to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for infection control in dental settings likely led to disease transmission in these cases. C1 [Cleveland, Jennifer L.; Robison, Valerie A.; Gooch, Barbara F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS F-80,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gray, Shellie Kolavic; Harte, Jennifer A.] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harte, Jennifer A.] US Air Force, Randolph Air Force Base, TX USA. [Moorman, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Robison, VA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS F-80,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM VRobison@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 EI 1943-4723 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 147 IS 9 BP 729 EP 738 DI 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.03.020 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DV2NH UT WOS:000382756800013 PM 27233680 ER PT J AU Perry, LAD AF Perry, Lori A. Davis TI Missing Lines of Poetry in The Miscellaneous Works of Elizabeth Singer Rowe (1674-1737) SO PAPERS OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article C1 [Perry, Lori A. Davis] US Air Force Acad, Dept English & Fine Arts, Suite 6D169,Fairchild Hall, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Perry, Lori A. Davis] US Air Force Acad, Seventeenth & Eighteenth Century British Literatu, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Perry, LAD (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept English & Fine Arts, Suite 6D169,Fairchild Hall, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.; Perry, LAD (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Seventeenth & Eighteenth Century British Literatu, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0006-128X J9 PAP BIBLIOGR SOC AM JI Pap. Bibliogra. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 110 IS 3 BP 361 EP 364 DI 10.1086/688444 PG 4 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA DV6AH UT WOS:000383012100006 ER PT J AU Bikson, M Grossman, P Thomas, C Zannou, AL Jiang, J Adnan, T Mourdoukoutas, AP Kronberg, G Truong, D Boggio, P Brunoni, AR Charvet, L Fregni, F Fritsch, B Gillick, B Hamilton, RH Hampstead, BM Jankord, R Kirton, A Knotkova, H Liebetanz, D Liu, AL Loo, C Nitsche, MA Reis, J Richardson, JD Rotenberg, A Turkeltaub, PE Woods, AJ AF Bikson, Marom Grossman, Pnina Thomas, Chris Zannou, Adantchede Louis Jiang, Jimmy Adnan, Tatheer Mourdoukoutas, Antonios P. Kronberg, Greg Truong, Dennis Boggio, Paulo Brunoni, Andre R. Charvet, Leigh Fregni, Felipe Fritsch, Brita Gillick, Bernadette Hamilton, Roy H. Hampstead, Benjamin M. Jankord, Ryan Kirton, Adam Knotkova, Helena Liebetanz, David Liu, Anli Loo, Colleen Nitsche, Michael A. Reis, Janine Richardson, Jessica D. Rotenberg, Alexander Turkeltaub, Peter E. Woods, Adam J. TI Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Evidence Based Update 2016 SO BRAIN STIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Safety; tDCS; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation; Electrical stimulation; tDCS safety; Mood disorders ID NONINVASIVE BRAIN-STIMULATION; HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; SHAM-CONTROLLED TRIAL; OLDER-ADULTS; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SUBACUTE STROKE; MAGNETIC STIMULATION; PREFRONTAL CORTEX AB This review updates and consolidates evidence on the safety of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Safety is here operationally defined by, and limited to, the absence of evidence for a Serious Adverse Effect, the criteria for which are rigorously defined. This review adopts an evidence-based approach, based on an aggregation of experience from human trials, taking care not to confuse speculation on potential hazards or lack of data to refute such speculation with evidence for risk. Safety data from animal tests for tissue damage are reviewed with systematic consideration of translation to humans. Arbitrary safety considerations are avoided. Computational models are used to relate dose to brain exposure in humans and animals. We review relevant dose-response curves and dose metrics (e.g. current, duration, current density, charge, charge density) for meaningful safety standards. Special consideration is given to theoretically vulnerable populations including children and the elderly, subjects with mood disorders, epilepsy, stroke, implants, and home users. Evidence from relevant animal models indicates that brain injury by Direct Current Stimulation (DCS) occurs at predicted brain current densities (6.3-13 A/m(2)) that are over an order of magnitude above those produced by conventional tDCS. To date, the use of conventional tDCS protocols in human trials (<= 40 min, <= 4 milliamperes, <= 7.2 Coulombs) has not produced any reports of a Serious Adverse Effect or irreversible injury across over 33,200 sessions and 1000 subjects with repeated sessions. This includes a wide variety of subjects, including persons from potentially vulnerable populations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bikson, Marom; Grossman, Pnina; Thomas, Chris; Zannou, Adantchede Louis; Jiang, Jimmy; Adnan, Tatheer; Mourdoukoutas, Antonios P.; Kronberg, Greg; Truong, Dennis] CUNY City Coll, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Boggio, Paulo] Univ Prebiteriana Mackenzie, Ctr Hlth & Biol Sci, Cognit Neurosci Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Boggio, Paulo] Univ Prebiteriana Mackenzie, Ctr Hlth & Biol Sci, Dev Disorders Program, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brunoni, Andre R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Neurosci LIM 27, Dept & Inst Psychiat, Serv Interdisciplinary Neuromodulat, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Charvet, Leigh] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, NYU MS Comprehens Care Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Fregni, Felipe; Richardson, Jessica D.] Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Berenson Allen Ctr Noninvas Brain Stimulat, Boston, MA USA. [Fritsch, Brita; Reis, Janine] Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Freiburg, Germany. [Fritsch, Brita; Reis, Janine] Univ Freiburg, BrainLinks BrainTools Cluster Excellence, Freiburg, Germany. [Gillick, Bernadette] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hamilton, Roy H.] Univ Penn, Lab Cognit & Neural Stimulat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hamilton, Roy H.] Univ Penn, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hamilton, Roy H.] Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hampstead, Benjamin M.] VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Hampstead, Benjamin M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Jankord, Ryan] US Air Force Res Lab, Appl Neurosci, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Kirton, Adam] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Dept Pediat & Clin Neurosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Knotkova, Helena] MJHS Inst Innovat Palliat Care, New York, NY USA. [Knotkova, Helena] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Social & Family Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Liebetanz, David; Nitsche, Michael A.] Univ Gottingen, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Clin Neurophysiol, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany. [Liu, Anli] NYU, Sch Med, NYU Comprehens Epilepsy Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Loo, Colleen] Univ New S Wales, St George Hosp, Clin Acad, Psychiat,Black Dog Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Nitsche, Michael A.] TU Dortmund, Leibniz Res Ctr Working Environm & Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany. [Nitsche, Michael A.] Univ Med Hosp Bergmannsheil, Dept Neurol, Bochum, Germany. [Richardson, Jessica D.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Richardson, Jessica D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Rotenberg, Alexander] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Div Cognit Neurol, Berenson Allen Ctr Noninvas Brain Stimulat, Boston, MA USA. [Rotenberg, Alexander] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rotenberg, Alexander] Harvard Med Sch, Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Epilepsy & Neurophysiol, Pediat Neuromodulat Program,Dept Neurol, Boston, MA USA. [Turkeltaub, Peter E.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC USA. [Turkeltaub, Peter E.] MedStar Natl Rehabil Hosp, Div Res, Washington, DC USA. [Woods, Adam J.] Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Ctr Cognit Aging & Memory,Inst Aging, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Bikson, M (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM bikson@ccny.cuny.edu OI Liu, Anli/0000-0002-1118-981X; Charvet, Leigh/0000-0003-4429-9713; Russowsky Brunoni, Andre/0000-0002-6310-3571 FU NIH [5R03EB017410-02, 5R21EB017510-02, 5R01MH092926-05]; DoD [FA9550-13-1-0073]; McKnight Brain Research Foundation; Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory at the University of Florida; NIH/NCATS CTSA grant [UL1 TR000064, KL2 TR000065] FX MB is supported by the NIH (Award# 5R03EB017410-02, 5R21EB017510-02, 5R01MH092926-05) and DoD (Award# FA9550-13-1-0073). AJW is supported by the McKnight Brain Research Foundation, the Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory at the University of Florida, and by the NIH/NCATS CTSA grant UL1 TR000064 and KL2 TR000065. NR 188 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 21 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1935-861X EI 1876-4754 J9 BRAIN STIMUL JI Brain Stimul. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 9 IS 5 BP 641 EP 661 DI 10.1016/j.brs.2016.06.004 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DU8XJ UT WOS:000382499100002 PM 27372845 ER PT J AU Funke, GJ Warm, JS Baldwin, CL Garcia, A Funke, ME Dillard, MB Finomore, VS Matthews, G Greenlee, ET AF Funke, Gregory J. Warm, Joel S. Baldwin, Carryl L. Garcia, Andre Funke, Matthew E. Dillard, Michael B. Finomore, Victor S., Jr. Matthews, Gerald Greenlee, Eric T. TI The Independence and Interdependence of Coacting Observers in Regard to Performance Efficiency, Workload, and Stress in a Vigilance Task SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE vigilance; coacting groups; multiobserver independence; dependence; evaluation apprehension; workload; stress ID SOCIAL FACILITATION; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; MONITORING TEAMS; ENGAGEMENT AB Objective We investigated performance, workload, and stress in groups of paired observers who performed a vigilance task in a coactive (independent) manner. Background Previous studies have demonstrated that groups of coactive observers detect more signals in a vigilance task than observers working alone. Therefore, the use of such groups might be effective in enhancing signal detection in operational situations. However, concern over appearing less competent than one's cohort might induce elevated levels of workload and stress in coactive group members and thereby undermine group performance benefits. Accordingly, we performed the initial experiment comparing workload and stress in observers who performed a vigilance task coactively with those of observers who performed the vigilance task alone. Method Observers monitored a video display for collision flight paths in a simulated unmanned aerial vehicle control task. Self-reports of workload and stress were secured via the NASA-Task Load Index and the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire, respectively. Results Groups of coactive observers detected significantly more signals than did single observers. Coacting observers did not differ significantly from those operating by themselves in terms of workload but did in regard to stress; posttask distress was significantly lower for coacting than for single observers. Conclusion Performing a visual vigilance task in a coactive manner with another observer does not elevate workload above that of observers working alone and serves to attenuate the stress associated with vigilance task performance. Application The use of coacting observers could be an effective vehicle for enhancing performance efficiency in operational vigilance. C1 [Funke, Gregory J.; Warm, Joel S.] Air Force Res Lab, 2510 Fifth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Baldwin, Carryl L.] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Human Factors & Appl Cognit Program, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Garcia, Andre] Northrop Grumman Corp, Aerosp Syst Sect, Melbourne, FL USA. [Funke, Matthew E.] Naval Med Res Unit Dayton, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Dillard, Michael B.] Honeywell Int Inc, Golden Valley, MN USA. [Finomore, Victor S., Jr.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Greenlee, Eric T.] CNR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Funke, GJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, 2510 Fifth St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Gregory.Funke.1@us.af.mil NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 2016 VL 58 IS 6 BP 915 EP 926 DI 10.1177/0018720816646657 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA DU5AJ UT WOS:000382223900008 PM 27150529 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, MP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB AF Wilkinson, M. P. Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B. TI Fatigue of a 2D unitized polymer/ceramic matrix composite at elevated temperature SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE Unitized composite structures; Multiple-matrix composites; Fatigue; High-temperature properties; Mechanical properties AB Tension-tension fatigue behavior of a 2D unitized polymer/ceramic matrix composite and of a 2D polymer matrix composite (PMC) was studied at elevated temperature. The 2D PMC consisted of polyimide matrix reinforced with 15 plies of carbon fibers woven in an eight harness satin weave (8HSW). The unitized composite consists of a PMC co-cured with a ceramic matrix composite (CMC). The PMC part consisted of the polyimide matrix reinforced with 12 plies of an 8HSW carbon fiber fabric. The CMC part consisted of a zirconia-based ceramic matrix reinforced with 3 plies of an 8HSW quartz fiber fabric. In order to assess the performance and suitability of the two composites for use in aerospace components designed to contain high-temperature environments, mechanical tests were performed under temperature conditions simulating the actual operating conditions. In all elevated temperature tests performed in this work, one side of the test specimen was at 329 degrees C while the other side was open to ambient laboratory air. The tensile stress-strain behavior of the two composites was investigated and the tensile properties measured for both on-axis (0/90) and off-axis (+/- 45) fiber orientations. Elevated temperature had little effect on the on-axis tensile properties of the two composites. The off-axis tensile strength of the PMC decreased slightly at elevated temperature, while the off-axis strength of the unitized PMC/CMC remained unchanged. Tension-tension fatigue tests were conducted at elevated temperature at a frequency of 1.0 Hz with a ratio of minimum stress to maximum stress of R = 0.05. Fatigue run-out was defined as 2 x 10(5) cycles. Both strain accumulation and modulus evolution during cycling were analyzed for each fatigue test. The PMC exhibited better fatigue resistance than the unitized composite. Specimens that achieved fatigue run-out were subjected to tensile tests to failure to characterize the retained tensile properties. Post-test examination under an optical microscope revealed severe delamination in both the PMC and the unitized PMC/CMC. (C) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wilkinson, M. P.; Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 EI 1873-2348 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.07.010 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA DV3CJ UT WOS:000382798300027 ER PT J AU Hu, ZQ Wang, XJ Nan, TX Zhou, ZY Ma, BH Chen, XQ Jones, JG Howe, BM Brown, GJ Gao, Y Lin, H Wang, ZG Guo, RD Chen, SY Shi, XL Shi, W Sun, HZ Budil, D Liu, M Sun, NX AF Hu, Zhongqiang Wang, Xinjun Nan, Tianxiang Zhou, Ziyao Ma, Beihai Chen, Xiaoqin Jones, John G. Howe, Brandon M. Brown, Gail J. Gao, Yuan Lin, Hwaider Wang, Zhiguang Guo, Rongdi Chen, Shuiyuan Shi, Xiaoling Shi, Wei Sun, Hongzhi Budil, David Liu, Ming Sun, Nian X. TI Non-Volatile Ferroelectric Switching of Ferromagnetic Resonance in NiFe/PLZT Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD CONTROL; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; OXIDE HETEROSTRUCTURES; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; SPIN POLARIZATION; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; ATOMIC LAYERS; VOLTAGE; MEMORY; CHARGE AB Magnetoelectric effect, arising from the interfacial coupling between magnetic and electrical order parameters, has recently emerged as a robust means to electrically manipulate the magnetic properties in multiferroic heterostructures. Challenge remains as finding an energy efficient way to modify the distinct magnetic states in a reliable, reversible, and non-volatile manner. Here we report ferroelectric switching of ferromagnetic resonance in multiferroic bilayers consisting of ultrathin ferromagnetic NiFe and ferroelectric Pb0.92La0.08Zr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PLZT) films, where the magnetic anisotropy of NiFe can be electrically modified by low voltages. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements confirm that the interfacial charge-mediated magnetoelectric effect is dominant in NiFe/PLZT heterostructures. Nonvolatile modification of ferromagnetic resonance field is demonstrated by applying voltage pulses. The ferroelectric switching of magnetic anisotropy exhibits extensive applications in energy-efficient electronic devices such as magnetoelectric random access memories, magnetic field sensors, and tunable radio frequency (RF)/microwave devices. C1 [Hu, Zhongqiang; Wang, Xinjun; Nan, Tianxiang; Chen, Xiaoqin; Gao, Yuan; Lin, Hwaider; Wang, Zhiguang; Guo, Rongdi; Chen, Shuiyuan; Shi, Xiaoling; Shi, Wei; Sun, Hongzhi; Sun, Nian X.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hu, Zhongqiang; Jones, John G.; Howe, Brandon M.; Brown, Gail J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Zhou, Ziyao; Liu, Ming] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Elect Mat Res Lab, Key Lab, Minist Educ, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Ziyao; Liu, Ming] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Int Ctr Dielect Res, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Ma, Beihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Budil, David] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Sun, NX (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; Liu, M (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Elect Mat Res Lab, Key Lab, Minist Educ, Xian 710049, Peoples R China.; Liu, M (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Int Ctr Dielect Res, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. EM mingliu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; n.sun@neu.edu RI Gao, Yuan/E-4277-2016; Liu, Ming/B-4143-2009 OI Gao, Yuan/0000-0002-2444-1180; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-6310-948X FU National Science Foundation [1160504]; NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Translational Applications of Nanoscale Multiferroic Systems TANMS; W.M. Keck Foundation; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-14-C-5706]; U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Award 1160504, NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Translational Applications of Nanoscale Multiferroic Systems TANMS, the W.M. Keck Foundation, and the Air Force Research Laboratory through Contract No. FA8650-14-C-5706. Work at Argonne was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. B.H. and G.B. gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 39 U2 39 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 32408 DI 10.1038/srep32408 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DU6MS UT WOS:000382329800001 PM 27581071 ER PT J AU Peck, MA Brandhagen, MD Marshall, C Diegoli, TM Irwin, JA Sturk-Andreaggi, K AF Peck, Michelle A. Brandhagen, Michael D. Marshall, Charla Diegoli, Toni M. Irwin, Jodi A. Sturk-Andreaggi, Kimberly TI Concordance and reproducibility of a next generation mtGenome sequencing method for high-quality samples using the Illumina MiSeq SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Mitochondrial genome (mtGenome); Next generation sequencing (NGS); Illumina MiSeq; Concordance; Forensics ID HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; FORENSIC GENETICS; INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY; DNA COMMISSION; CODING REGION; MTDNA GENOME; IDENTIFICATION; GUIDELINES; HETEROPLASMY; SCIENCE AB Sanger-type sequencing (STS) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), specifically the control region (CR), is routinely employed in forensics in human identification and missing persons scenarios. Yet next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to overcome some of the major limitations of STS processing, permitting reasonable paths forward for full mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) sequencing, while also offering higher-throughput and higher sensitivity capabilities. To establish the accuracy and reproducibility of NGS for the development of mtDNA data, 90 DNA extracts that were previously used to generate forensic quality full mtGenomes using STS were sequenced using Nextera XT library preparation and the Illumina MiSeq. Using the same amplicon product, replicate library sets were generated and sequenced at different laboratories, and analysis was performed in replicate using the CLC Genomics Workbench. Both sequencing sets resulted in 99.998% of positions with greater than 10X coverage when 96 samples (including controls) were multiplexed. Overall, 99.9996% concordance was observed between the NGS data and the STS data for the full mtGenome. The only "discordant" calls involved low level point heteroplasmies, with the differences resulting from stochastic variation and/or the increased sensitivity of NGS. Higher sensitivity also allowed for the detection of a mixed sample previously not detected with STS. Additionally, variant calls were reproducible between sequencing sets and between software analysis versions with the variant frequency only differing by 0.23% and 0.01%, respectively. Further validation studies and specialized software functionality tailored to forensic practice should facilitate the incorporation of NGS processing into standard casework applications. The data herein comprise the largest, and likely most thoroughly examined, complete mtGenome STS-NGS concordance dataset available. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peck, Michelle A.; Marshall, Charla; Diegoli, Toni M.; Sturk-Andreaggi, Kimberly] Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover Afb, DE 19902 USA. [Peck, Michelle A.; Marshall, Charla; Diegoli, Toni M.; Sturk-Andreaggi, Kimberly] Amer Registry Pathol Sci, 9210 Corp Blvd,Suite 120, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Brandhagen, Michael D.; Irwin, Jodi A.] Fed Bur Invest Lab, 2501 Invest Pkwy, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. [Diegoli, Toni M.] Def Forens Sci Ctr, 4930 N 31st St, Forest Pk, GA 30297 USA. [Diegoli, Toni M.] ANSER, 5275 Leesburg Pike,Suite N-5000, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Peck, MA (reprint author), Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover Afb, DE 19902 USA. EM michelle.a.peck3.ctr@mail.mil FU Rapid Reaction Technology Office, ASD (RE); Ken Kroupa FX The authors would like to thank Erin Gorden, Jennifer Higginbotham, Joseph Ring, Jocelyn Bush, Spence Fast, and Quentin Gauthier (American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory) for laboratory and analysis assistance; James Ross (American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory), Jon Norris (Future Technologies, Inc.), Richard Coughlin and Timmathy Cambridge (Armed Forces Medical Examiner System) for technical assistance; Rebecca Just (American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory) for manuscript review; Timothy McMahon, James Canik, and Cynthia Thomas (American Registry of Pathology), Shairose Lalani, Lanelle Chisholm, Lt Col Garner, Lt Col Briones, and COL Ladd Tremaine (Armed Forces Medical Examiner System) for administrative and logistical support, and Ken Kroupa and the Rapid Reaction Technology Office, ASD (R&E) for funding. The opinions or assertions presented hereafter are the private views of the authors and should not be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of Defense, its branches, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Justice, or the U.S. Government. This is FBI Laboratory publication number 16-10. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1872-4973 EI 1878-0326 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 24 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.06.003 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine GA DT8HI UT WOS:000381730400021 PM 27368088 ER PT J AU Semiatin, SL Sun, F Crist, EM Yu, KO Sargent, GA Sanders, DG AF Semiatin, S. L. Sun, F. Crist, E. M. Yu, K. O. Sargent, G. A. Sanders, D. G. TI Coarsening Behavior and Plastic Flow of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si with an Ultrafine Microstructure SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; TI-6AL-4V; SUPERPLASTICITY AB Coarsening behavior and superplastic-flow response of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si with an ultrafine, equiaxed-alpha microstructure were interpreted in the context of classical models. Static coarsening was shown to follow modified Lifshitz-Slyosov-Wagner (LSW) kinetics. The rate of dynamic coarsening was six times more rapid than the corresponding static rate due to enhanced diffusion of solutes in the beta matrix. Last, a generalized constitutive equation was used to interpret the dependence of flow stress on strain/dynamic coarsening, strain rate, and temperature. C1 [Semiatin, S. L.] AFRL RXCM, Mat Processing Proc Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Semiatin, S. L.] AFRL RXCM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Sun, F.] Alcoa Titanium & Engn Prod, 1000 Warren Ave, Niles, OH 44446 USA. [Crist, E. M.] Alcoa Titanium & Engn Prod, Proc & Prod Dev, 1000 Warren Ave, Niles, OH 44446 USA. [Yu, K. O.] Alcoa Titanium & Engn Prod, Adv Innovat & Technol, 1000 Warren Ave, Niles, OH 44446 USA. [Sargent, G. A.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Sanders, D. G.] Boeing Res & Technol, POB 3707, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. RP Semiatin, SL (reprint author), AFRL RXCM, Mat Processing Proc Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Semiatin, SL (reprint author), AFRL RXCM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM sheldon.semiatin@us.af.mil RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 47A IS 9 BP 4374 EP 4377 DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3625-1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DS3ZQ UT WOS:000380721600005 ER PT J AU Carretta, TR King, RE Ree, MJ Teachout, MS Barto, E AF Carretta, Thomas R. King, Raymond E. Ree, Malcolm James Teachout, Mark S. Barto, Erica TI Compilation of Cognitive and Personality Norms for Military Aviators SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE occupational norms; pilot aptitude; psychological assessment; specialized norms ID MULTIDIMENSIONAL APTITUDE BATTERY; RANGE-RESTRICTION CORRECTIONS; CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; TRAINING PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION RESEARCH; APPLICANT POOLS; NATIONAL NORMS; ABILITY AB INTRODUCTION: The assessment of individuals on abilities or other characteristics is based on comparison to a representative sample. General population norms provide an appropriate reference group when the distribution of scores in the sample can be expected to be similar to those for the general population (e.g., comparing high school students at a particular school to national high school norms on a college entrance test). Specialized norms are needed, however, when subsets of the population differ from the population at large. Military pilot trainees represent a special population; they are highly screened on cognitive ability and other characteristics thought to be related to job performance. Other characteristics (e.g., personality) are thought to be "self-selected," resulting in distinctive profiles. Normative tables were developed for U.S. Air Force pilot trainees for two widely used tests, the Multidimensional Aptitude Battery-II (MAB-II) and NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R). METHODS: The MAB-II and NEO PI-R were administered to large samples of USAF cadets, ROTC students, and officers selected for pilot training. RESULTS: The mean MAB-II full-scale IQ was about 1.5 SD above the adult population norm and was much less variable, supporting the need for specialized norms. Tables showing the percentile equivalents are provided for use by clinicians. DISCUSSION: Use of these tables, in addition to, or in lieu of, commercially published norms, will prove helpful when clinical psychologists perform assessments on pilots; in particular when evaluating them for return-to-duty status following a disqualifying condition that may have affected cognitive functioning or emotional stability. C1 [Carretta, Thomas R.; King, Raymond E.; Ree, Malcolm James; Teachout, Mark S.; Barto, Erica] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Carretta, TR (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, 711 HPW RHCI, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM thomas.carretta@us.af.mil NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 87 IS 9 BP 764 EP 771 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4545.2016 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DT8XA UT WOS:000381777800001 PM 27634695 ER PT J AU Miller, NC Albrecht, JD Grupen, M AF Miller, N. C. Albrecht, J. D. Grupen, M. TI Delaunay-Voronoi surface integration: a full-wave electromagnetics discretization for electronic device simulation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS LA English DT Article DE Delaunay-Voronoi surface integration; full-wave electromagnetics; unstructured mesh; time-domain; numerical simulation; electronic device simulation ID MAXWELLS EQUATIONS AB A promising time domain electromagnetics numerical method for treating the highly nonlinear problem of charge transport in electronic devices called Delaunay-Voronoi surface integration is presented. This method couples the rotational electric and magnetic fields governed by Ampere's and Faraday's laws with the electrostatic potential dictated by Poisson's equation in a simultaneous solution. Discretization of the governing equations using dual meshes and the relevant boundary conditions are presented. The engineering application details specific to electronic device simulation are treated, and an example calculation is shown to compare with an analytical solution for propagation in a waveguide. Benchmark results are presented for the rotational equations, Poisson's equation, and the complete set of electromagnetic equations. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Miller, N. C.; Albrecht, J. D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 428 S Shaw Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Grupen, M.] Air Force Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Miller, NC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 428 S Shaw Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM mill1825@egr.msu.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-3370 EI 1099-1204 J9 INT J NUMER MODEL EL JI Int. J. Numer. Model.-Electron. Netw. Device Fields PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 29 IS 5 BP 817 EP 830 DI 10.1002/jnm.2146 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA DS6SO UT WOS:000380913000003 ER PT J AU Paduano, Q Snure, M Weyburne, D Kiefer, A Siegel, G Hu, JJ AF Paduano, Qing Snure, Michael Weyburne, David Kiefer, Arnold Siegel, Gene Hu, Jianjun TI Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of few-layer sp(2) bonded boron nitride films SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Low dimensional structures; Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Nitrides; Semiconducting III-V materials ID SAPPHIRE SUBSTRATE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SURFACE; BN; NI(111); SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYER AB A systematic study of the growth of atomically smooth few-layer sp(2) bonded BN on 50 mm sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using Triethylboron (TEB) and NH3 as precursors is described. Based on the experimental results obtained using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray reflectance measurements and transmission electron microscopy, we explored the growth parameter space and identified three different growth modes: random three-dimensional (3D) growth, a self-terminating few-layer growth mode, and a very slow layer-by-layer mode. The growth mode depends on the temperature, pressure, V/III ratio, and surface nitridation conditions, as follows: 3D island growth is dominant in the low VIII range and is characterized by a decreasing growth rate with increasing deposition temperature. When the VIII ratio is increased this 3D island growth mode transitions to a self-terminating few-layer growth mode. An additional transition from self-terminating growth to 3D growth occurs when the growth pressure is increased. Very slow layer by layer growth is found at high temperature and low pressure. Finally, substrate surface nitridation promotes self-terminating growth that results in atomically smooth films. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Paduano, Qing; Snure, Michael; Weyburne, David; Kiefer, Arnold; Siegel, Gene; Hu, Jianjun] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Siegel, Gene] Wyle Labs Inc, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Hu, Jianjun] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Paduano, Q (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM cpaduano@gmail.com FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [16RY-COR331] FX The authors would like to thank Timothy Prusnick for his help with Raman measurements. Part of the HR-TEM work was performed by Evans Analytical Group. This work is funded by Air Force Office of Scientific Research under task number 16RY-COR331. This support is gratefully acknowledged. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 449 BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.06.012 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA DS5RT UT WOS:000380840700023 ER PT J AU Kharod, C Bolleter, S Manifold, C Wampler, D AF Kharod, Chetan Bolleter, Scotty Manifold, Craig Wampler, David TI Reply to letter: Re: "A randomized control hands-on defibrillation study-Barrier use evaluation" by Wampler D, Kharod C, Bolleter S, Burkett A, Gabehart C, Manifold C [Resuscitation 2016;105:e13] SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Kharod, Chetan] US Air Force, EMS & Disaster Med Fellowship, Joint Base San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. [Bolleter, Scotty] Ctr Emergency Hlth Sci, Bulverde Spring Branch Emergency Serv, Spring Branch, TX USA. [Manifold, Craig; Wampler, David] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Emergency Hlth Sci, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Wampler, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Emergency Hlth Sci, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM wamplerd@uthscsa.edu OI Kharod, Chetan/0000-0003-4352-8887 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD SEP PY 2016 VL 106 BP E9 EP E9 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.06.002 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA DT7DT UT WOS:000381648000006 PM 27343813 ER PT J AU Chatterjee, K Venkataraman, A Garbaciak, T Rotella, J Sangid, MD Beaudoin, AJ Kenesei, P Park, JS Pilchak, AL AF Chatterjee, K. Venkataraman, A. Garbaciak, T. Rotella, J. Sangid, M. D. Beaudoin, A. J. Kenesei, P. Park, J-S. Pilchak, A. L. TI Study of grain-level deformation and residual stresses in Ti-7Al under combined bending and tension using high energy diffraction microscopy (HEDM) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE High energy diffraction microscopy; Ti-7Al alloy; Stress gradient; Stress triaxiality; Slip tendency ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TI-6AL-4V TITANIUM-ALLOY; TI-AL ALLOYS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; INDIVIDUAL GRAINS; FRACTURE LOCUS; STRAIN TENSOR; SINGLE-GRAIN; CREEP AB In-situ high energy diffraction microscopy (HEDM) experiments are carried out to analyze the state of combined bending and tension in a Ti-7Al alloy under room temperature creep. Grain-level elastic strain tensors are evaluated from HEDM data. Atomistic calculations are used to predict elastic constants of Ti-7Al, to be used in determination of stress from strain. The stress gradient and residual stresses are successfully determined, which allows the demarcation between macroqmicro-level residual stresses. A cluster of three neighboring grains are identified that highlight the variation of mean and effective stress between grains. Crystallographic orientations and slip characteristics are analyzed for the selected grains. It is inferred that the interfaces between loaded grains with markedly different stress triaxiality and slip tendency are potential spots for material damage. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chatterjee, K.; Garbaciak, T.; Beaudoin, A. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Venkataraman, A.; Rotella, J.; Sangid, M. D.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, 701 W Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kenesei, P.; Park, J-S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Pilchak, A. L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Beaudoin, AJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM abeaudoi@illinois.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0369, FA9550-14-1-0284]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX A. Beaudoin and K. Chatterjee are supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract No. FA9550-14-1-0369. M. D. Sangid, A. Venkataraman, and J. Rotella acknowledge support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract No. FA9550-14-1-0284. The use of Advance Photon Source is granted by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Drs. Paul A. Shade, Todd J. Turner, Michael Mills, and David Rugg for interesting conversations. NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 EI 1879-2146 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 94-95 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2016.05.010 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DQ5VE UT WOS:000379272500003 ER PT J AU Iskrenova, EK Patnaik, SS AF Iskrenova, E. K. Patnaik, S. S. TI Solvent effects in the thermal decomposition reaction of ammonium carbamate: A computational molecular dynamics study of the relative solubilities of CO2 and NH3 in water, ethylene glycol, and their mixtures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Molecular dynamics simulations; Carbon dioxide; Ammonia; Ammonium carbamate; Ethylene glycol; Solvent effects; Heat exchanger; Solubility; Volume expansion ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; AQUEOUS AMMONIA; GREENHOUSE-GAS; IONIC LIQUIDS; FORCE-FIELD; KINETICS; ABSORPTION; SIMULATIONS; SEQUESTRATION; MODEL AB The endothermic decomposition of ammonium carbamate has been proposed as a novel heat sink mechanism for aircraft thermal management (Johnson et al., 2012). The products of the reversible decomposition are carbon dioxide and ammonia which need to be efficiently removed from the carrier fluid in order to better control the reaction and thus the heat transfer. Molecular dynamics simulations can provide insight into the transport properties of carbon dioxide and ammonia in the carrier fluid. In this work, extensive classical non-reactive molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to explore the solvent effects in the thermal decomposition reaction of ammonium carbamate by studying the temperature and concentration dependence of relative solubility and diffusivity of carbon dioxide and ammonia in water, ethylene glycol, and their mixtures at standard temperature and pressure and at the elevated temperature of the thermal decomposition reaction of ammonium carbamate. This comparative study shows that ammonia is more soluble than carbon dioxide in either water or ethylene glycol and that both carbon dioxide and ammonia are more soluble in ethylene glycol than in water. Our simulations of water ethylene glycol mixtures show that increasing the molar fraction of ethylene glycol leads to increased solubility of carbon dioxide and ammonia in the mixture. Even though this is a non-reactive study, it is able to capture the general solubility trends. Accounting for the reactions of carbon dioxide and ammonia in the solution would further amplify the observed trends by amplifying the retaining of CO2 and NH3 in the solution. We present a low-cost computational procedure for relative solubility evaluation that can be used in a broader engineering design context. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Iskrenova, E. K.; Patnaik, S. S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Iskrenova, EK (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Eugeniya.Iskrenova-Ekiert.1.ctr@us.af.mil; Soumya.Patnaik.1@us.af.mil NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 EI 1879-2189 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 100 BP 224 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.04.050 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA DP2ZI UT WOS:000378361700023 ER PT J AU Moran, PJ Richards, RM Rice, CA Perram, GP AF Moran, Paul J. Richards, Ryan M. Rice, Christopher A. Perram, Glen P. TI Near infrared rubidium 6(2)P(3/2,1/2) -> 6(2)S(1/2) laser SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Alkali laser; Infrared counter-measures; Rubidium; Amplified spontaneous emission ID CESIUM VAPOR LASER; ALKALI-METAL; ABSORPTION; ELEMENTS; CS AB An optically pumped near infrared rubidium (Rb) pulsed, mirrorless laser has been demonstrated in a heat pipe along both the 6(2)P(3/2)-6(2)S(1/2) transition at 2.73 mu m and the 6(2)P(1/2)-6(2)S(1/2) transition at 2.79 mu m. The bleached limit, slope efficiency, and maximum laser output energy of the near infrared Rb laser scale linearly with increasing Rb density, contrary to prior results. Previously, a maximum output energy of similar to 5 nJ had been observed before a rollover occurred in the scaling of output energy with rubidium concentration. In this experiment, the maximum laser output energy observed was 100 nJ, with no indication of any scaling limitation. A maximum slope efficiency of 1.7 x 10(-4) was observed. A small percentage of the pump photons were absorbed even at the maximum Rb density attainable in the heat pipe, indicating that laser efficiency could be scaled to near the quantum efficiency. Additionally, the hyperfine structure and absorption spectral profile of the 5(2)S(1/2)-6(2)P(1/2) and 5(2)S(1/2)-6(2)P(3/2) (blue) pump transitions were studied using a cw pump source. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Moran, Paul J.; Richards, Ryan M.; Rice, Christopher A.; Perram, Glen P.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Rice, CA (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM paul.moran.1@us.af.mil; ryanr086@gmail.com; christopher.rice@afit.edu; geln.parram@afit.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 EI 1873-0310 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 374 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2016.04.090 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DN9JC UT WOS:000377394700010 ER PT J AU Niple, ER Scott, HE Conant, JA Jones, SH Iannarilli, FJ Pereira, WE AF Niple, Edward R. Scott, Herman E. Conant, John A. Jones, Stephen H. Iannarilli, Frank J. Pereira, Wellesley E. TI Application of oxygen A-band equivalent width to disambiguate downwelling radiances for cloud optical depth measurement SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-RADIATION MEASUREMENTS; EFFECTIVE PARTICLE RADIUS; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; LIQUID WATER PATH; ZENITH RADIANCE; THICKNESS AB This paper presents the three-waveband spectrally agile technique (TWST) for measuring cloud optical depth (COD). TWST is a portable field-proven sensor and retrieval method offering a unique combination of fast (1 Hz) cloud-resolving (0.5 degrees field of view) real-time-reported COD measurements. It entails ground-based measurement of visible and near-infrared (VNIR) zenith spectral radiances much like the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) cloud-mode sensors. What is novel in our approach is that we employ absorption in the oxygen A-band as a means of resolving the COD ambiguity inherent in using up-looking spectral radiances. We describe the TWST sensor and algorithm, and assess their merits by comparison to AERONET cloud-mode measurements collected during the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP). Spectral radiance agreement was better than 1 %, while a linear fit of COD yielded a slope of 0.905 (TWST reporting higher COD) and offset of -2.1. C1 [Niple, Edward R.; Scott, Herman E.; Conant, John A.; Jones, Stephen H.; Iannarilli, Frank J.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Pereira, Wellesley E.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Iannarilli, FJ (reprint author), Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM franki@aerodyne.com NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PD AUG 31 PY 2016 VL 9 IS 9 BP 4167 EP 4179 DI 10.5194/amt-9-4167-2016 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW8FX UT WOS:000383891300001 ER PT J AU Martinez-Fernandez, L Zhang, YY de la Harpe, K Beckstead, AA Kohler, B Improta, R AF Martinez-Fernandez, Lara Zhang, Yuyuan de la Harpe, Kimberly Beckstead, Ashley A. Kohler, Bern Improta, Roberto TI Photoinduced long-lived charge transfer excited states in AT-DNA strands SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFAST DEACTIVATION; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DYNAMICS; BASES; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; SEPARATION; TRANSPORT AB The IR spectrum of a charge transfer (CT) excited electronic state in DNA has been computed for the first time, enabling assignment of the long-lived component of the transient IR spectrum of a d(AT)(9) single strand to an A -> T CT state. Experimentally, the CT state lifetime is much shorter than in the double strand, and our calculations explain this result using Marcus Theory. C1 [Martinez-Fernandez, Lara; Improta, Roberto] CNR, Ist Biostrutture & Bioimmagini, Via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Naples, Italy. [Zhang, Yuyuan; Beckstead, Ashley A.; Kohler, Bern] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [de la Harpe, Kimberly] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Improta, R (reprint author), CNR, Ist Biostrutture & Bioimmagini, Via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Naples, Italy.; Kohler, B (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bkohler@montana.edu; robimp@unina.it RI Zhang, Yuyuan/D-6376-2013; Kohler, Bern/A-1728-2011; Martinez-Fernandez, Lara/B-2119-2012 OI Kohler, Bern/0000-0001-5353-1655; Martinez-Fernandez, Lara/0000-0001-5361-9390 FU French Agency for Research [ANR-12-BS08-0001-01]; NSF [CHE-1465277]; M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust; Regione Campana-Legge regionale FX R. I. and L. M. F. thank Regione Campana-Legge regionale 5 2007 for financial support and the French Agency for Research Grant ANR-12-BS08-0001-01. Work at MSU was supported by NSF (CHE-1465277). The TRIR spectrometer was constructed with funding from the M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 31 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 31 BP 21241 EP 21245 DI 10.1039/c6cp04550b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT3YV UT WOS:000381418000032 PM 27440489 ER PT J AU Cui, ZZ Xu, H Yun, Y Guo, JH Chuang, YD Huang, HL Meng, DC Wang, JL Fu, ZP Peng, RR Knize, RJ Brown, GJ Zhai, XF Lu, YL AF Cui, Zhangzhang Xu, Hui Yun, Yu Guo, Jinghua Chuang, Yi-De Huang, Haoliang Meng, Dechao Wang, Jianlin Fu, Zhengping Peng, Ranran Knize, Randy J. Brown, Gail J. Zhai, Xiaofang Lu, Yalin TI Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigations of Bi6FeCoTi3O18 and LaBi5FeCoTi3O18 epitaxial thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE MULTIFERROIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; CERAMICS; CO AB High-quality single-crystalline Bi6FeCoTi3O18 and LaBi5FeCoTi3O18 thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction characterizations indicate a more disordered lattice structure of the LaBi5FeCoTi3O18 film. The magnetic measurement results demonstrated significantly enhanced ferromagnetism in the LaBi5FeCoTi3O18 film. The modulation of oxidation and hybridization states caused by substituting Bi with La was studied using the soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The spectroscopic results revealed the reduced concentration of oxygen vacancies and the more distorted lattice structure in the LaBi5FeCoTi3O18 film, which explained the enhanced ferromagnetism. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Cui, Zhangzhang; Xu, Hui; Yun, Yu; Huang, Haoliang; Meng, Dechao; Wang, Jianlin; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Cui, Zhangzhang; Xu, Hui; Yun, Yu; Huang, Haoliang; Meng, Dechao; Wang, Jianlin; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Cui, Zhangzhang; Huang, Haoliang; Fu, Zhengping; Peng, Ranran; Zhai, Xiaofang; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Guo, Jinghua; Chuang, Yi-De] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Jianlin; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Knize, Randy J.; Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Brown, Gail J.] US Air Force, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zhai, XF; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Zhai, XF; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Zhai, XF; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Dept Phys, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn; yllu@ustc.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922000]; Natural Science Foundation of China [11574287]; External Cooperation Program of BIC [211134KYSB20130017]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922000), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11574287), the External Cooperation Program of BIC (Grant No. 211134KYSB20130017), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 28 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 8 AR 084101 DI 10.1063/1.4961392 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DW8NS UT WOS:000383913400018 ER PT J AU Ard, SG Shuman, NS Martinez, O Armentrout, PB Viggiano, AA AF Ard, Shaun G. Shuman, Nicholas S. Martinez, Oscar, Jr. Armentrout, P. B. Viggiano, Albert A. TI Chemi-ionization reactions of La, Pr, Tb, and Ho with atomic O and La with N2O from 200 to 450 K SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-ATOMS; LANTHANIDE; TEMPERATURE; ENERGIES AB The chemi-ionization rate coefficients of La, Pr, Tb, and Ho with O have been measured from 200 to 450 K using a thermalized flow tube apparatus. Both La and Tb were found to react near the calculated hard sphere collision limit, while the Pr and Ho reactions proceeded at roughly 40% of that limit at all temperatures. The efficiencies of these reactions are considered and the near thermoneutral character of the reaction with Ho can explain this case, whereas an explanation for the inefficiency of the Pr reaction remains elusive. The chemi-ionization reaction of La with N2O was also studied and found to proceed roughly 2 orders of magnitude slower than the competing neutral oxidation pathway. The latter result disagrees with previous literature reports. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Ard, Shaun G.; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Martinez, Oscar, Jr.; Viggiano, Albert A.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Armentrout, P. B.] Univ Utah, Dept Chem, 315 South 1400 East Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM afrl.rvborgmailbox@kirtland.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award [AFOSR-2303EP, FA9550-14-1-0357]; Boston College Institute of Scientific Research; National Research Council Research Associateship Program FX This work is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award Nos. AFOSR-2303EP and FA9550-14-1-0357 (P.B.A.). S.G.A. acknowledges the support of Boston College Institute of Scientific Research. O.M. acknowledges support from the National Research Council Research Associateship Program. Helpful discussions with Todd Pederson about the Sm releases are gratefully acknowledged. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 28 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 8 AR 084302 DI 10.1063/1.4961263 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DW8AL UT WOS:000383875500023 PM 27586917 ER PT J AU Mills, JD Ben-Nun, M Rollin, K Bromley, MWJ Li, JB Hinde, RJ Winstead, CL Sheehy, JA Boatz, JA Langhoff, PW AF Mills, Jeffrey D. Ben-Nun, Michal Rollin, Kyle Bromley, Michael W. J. Li, Jiabo Hinde, Robert J. Winstead, Carl L. Sheehy, Jeffrey A. Boatz, Jerry A. Langhoff, Peter W. TI Atomic Spectral Methods for Ab Initio Molecular Electronic Energy Surfaces: Transitioning From Small-Molecule to Biomolecular-Suitable Approaches SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID DIATOMICS-IN-MOLECULES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; NON-HERMITIAN FORMULATION; SLATER-TYPE ORBITALS; VALENCE-BOND; GENERAL-THEORY; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; HYDROGEN MOLECULE; EXCITED-STATES AB Continuing attention has addressed incorportation of the electronically dynamical attributes of biomolecules in the largely static first-generation molecular-mechanical force fields commonly employed in molecular-dynamics simulations. We describe here a universal quantum mechanical approach to calculations of the electronic energy surfaces of both small molecules and large aggregates on a common basis which can include such electronic attributes, and which also seems well-suited to adaptation in ab initio molecular-dynamics applications. In contrast to the more familiar orbital-product-based methodologies employed in traditional small-molecule computational quantum chemistry, the present approach is based on an "ex-post-facto" method in which Hamiltonian matrices are evaluated prior to wave function antisymmetrization, implemented here in the support of a Hilbert space of orthonormal products of many-electron atomic spectral eigenstates familiar from the van der Waals theory of long-range interactions. The general theory in its various forms incorporates the early semiempirical atoms- and diatomics-in-molecules approaches of Moffitt, Ellison, Tully, Kuntz, and others in a comprehensive mathematical setting, and generalizes the developments of Eisenschitz, London, Claverie, and others addressing electron permutation symmetry adaptation issues, completing these early attempts to treat van der Waals and chemical forces on a common basis. Exact expressions are obtained for molecular Hamiltonian matrices and for associated energy eigenvalues as sums of separate atomic and interaction-energy terms, similar in this respect to the forms of classical force fields. The latter representation is seen to also provide a long-missing general definition of the energies of individual atoms and of their interactions within molecules and matter free from subjective additional constraints. A computer code suite is described for calculations of the many-electron atomic eigenspectra and the pairwise-atomic Hamiltonian matrices required for practical applications. These matrices can be retained as functions of scalar atomic-pair separations and employed in assembling aggregate Hamiltonian matrices, with Wigner rotation matrices providing analytical representations of their angular degrees of freedom. In this way, ab initio potential energy surfaces are obtained in the complete absence of repeated evaluations and transformations of the one- and two-electron integrals at different molecular geometries required in most ab inito molecular calculations, with large Hamiltonian matrix assembly simplified and explicit diagonalizations avoided employing partitioning and Brillouin-Wigner or Rayleigh-Schrodinger perturbation theory. Illustrative applications of the important components of the formalism, selected aspects of the scaling of the approach, and aspects of "on-the-fly" interfaces with Monte Carlo and molecular-dynamics methods are described in anticipation of subsequent applications to biomolecules and other large aggregates. C1 [Mills, Jeffrey D.; Boatz, Jerry A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, 10 East Saturn Blvd, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA. [Ben-Nun, Michal] Predict Sci Inc, 9990 Mesa Rim Rd 170, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Rollin, Kyle] Northrup Grumman Corp, 1 Rancho Carmel Dr, San Diego, CA 92128 USA. [Bromley, Michael W. J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Li, Jiabo] Accelrys Inc, 10188 Telesis Court 100, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Hinde, Robert J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Winstead, Carl L.] CALTECH, AA Noyes Lab Chem Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sheehy, Jeffrey A.] NASA Headquarters, 300 E St SW,Suite 5R30, Washington, DC USA. [Langhoff, Peter W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, 9500 Gilman Dr,MS 0365, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Langhoff, PW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, 9500 Gilman Dr,MS 0365, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM planghoff@mail.ucsd.edu RI Bromley, Michael/A-9453-2010 OI Bromley, Michael/0000-0002-3817-7296 FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9300-09-C-2001, FA9300-07-M-301]; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F07-206-0375]; European Office of Aerospace Research and Development [FA8655-09-1-3069]; American Society of Engineering Education; National Research Council of the National Academy of Science; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry FX The financial support of the Air Force Research Laboratory (FA9300-09-C-2001, FA9300-07-M-301), the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (F07-206-0375), the European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (FA8655-09-1-3069), the American Society of Engineering Education, and the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science is gratefully acknowledged. Access to computational facilities was provided by the National Science Foundation under the auspices of TeraGrid and XSEDE allocations. We acknowledge the valuable assistance and advice provided by Professors R. Lopez and J. F. Rico and their co-workers at various stages of the investigation, and thank Mr. W. Kalliomaa and Dr. Steve Rodgers of AFRL for continuing encouragement and support. It is a pleasure to thank Professor J. A. McCammon and other colleagues at the University of California San Diego for their hospitality and support in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. NR 164 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 25 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 33 BP 8321 EP 8337 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02021 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DU4JZ UT WOS:000382180200026 PM 27232159 ER PT J AU Tian, X Tian, Z Blasch, E Pham, K Shen, D Chen, GS AF Tian, Xin Tian, Zhi Blasch, Erik Pham, Khanh Shen, Dan Chen, Genshe TI Sliding window energy detection for spectrum sensing under low SNR conditions SO WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE spectrum sensing; signal transmission detection; sliding window energy detection; correlated detection tests ID SIGNALS AB For spectrum sensing, energy detection has the advantages of low complexity, rapid analysis, and requires no knowledge of the transmission signal, which makes it suitable for a wide range of applications. However, under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, the required window length (or the time-bandwidth product) for energy detection to achieve a desired detection performance is large. In addition, conventional energy detection assumes that the detection tests are independent, that is, there is no overlap between individual detection tests. These properties significantly reduce the detection speed when energy detection is used for the continuous monitoring over a communication channel for the detection of signal transmission activities. In this paper, we propose a sliding window detection analysis with overlap among multiple tests. Algorithms for effective performance analysis of the proposed sliding window energy detection are proposed. The impact of window length on distribution of detection time is investigated. Simulation results on the proposed sliding window energy detection are also compared with the theoretically predicted and conventional energy detection performance estimates. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Tian, Xin; Shen, Dan; Chen, Genshe] Intelligent Fus Technol Inc, 20271 Goldenrod Lane,Suite 2066, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. [Tian, Zhi] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Blasch, Erik] Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. [Pham, Khanh] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Chen, GS (reprint author), Intelligent Fus Technol Inc, 20271 Goldenrod Lane,Suite 2066, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. EM gchen@intfusiontech.com FU United States Air Force [FA9453-11-1-0290, FA9453-12-M-0022] FX This work was supported in part by the United States Air Force under contracts FA9453-11-1-0290 and FA9453-12-M-0022. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-8669 EI 1530-8677 J9 WIREL COMMUN MOB COM JI Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. PD AUG 25 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1654 EP 1663 DI 10.1002/wcm.2639 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA DS9ME UT WOS:000381106400015 ER PT J AU West, AL Schaeublin, NM Griep, MH Maurer-Gardner, EI Cole, DP Fakner, AM Hussain, SM Karna, SP AF West, Abby L. Schaeublin, Nicole M. Griep, Mark H. Maurer-Gardner, Elizabeth I. Cole, Daniel P. Fakner, Alexis M. Hussain, Saber M. Karna, Shashi P. TI In situ Synthesis of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters by Nontumorigenic Microglial Cells SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE in situ; gold nanocluster; neuronal-microglial; cell culture bioimaging ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; METAL NANOCLUSTERS; TUMOR-CELLS; REDUCTION; CANCER; NANOPARTICLES; GLUTAMATE; BRAIN; NANOCRYSTALS; MONODISPERSE AB To date, the directed in situ synthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has only been demonstrated in cancerous cells, with the theorized synthesis mechanism prohibiting AuNC formation in nontumorigenic cell lines. This limitation hinders potential biostabilized AuNC-based technology in healthy cells involving both chemical and mechanical analysis, such as the direct sensing of protein function and the elucidation of local mechanical environments. Thus, new synthesis strategies are required to expand the application space of AuNCs beyond cancer-focused cellular studies. In this contribution, we have developed the methodology and demonstrated the direct in situ synthesis of AuNCs in the nontumorigenic neuronal microglial line, C8B4. The as-synthesized AuNCs form in situ and are stabilized by cellular proteins. The clusters exhibit bright green fluorescence and demonstrate low (<10%) toxicity. Interestingly, elevated ROS levels were not required for the in situ formation of AuNCs, although intracellular reductants such as glutamate were required for the synthesis of AuNCs in C8B4 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever demonstration of AuNC synthesis in nontumorigenic cells and, as such, it considerably expands the application space of biostabilized fluorescent AuNCs. C1 [West, Abby L.; Griep, Mark H.; Fakner, Alexis M.; Karna, Shashi P.] US Army Res Lab, Composite & Hybrid Mat Branch, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Cole, Daniel P.] US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Schaeublin, Nicole M.; Maurer-Gardner, Elizabeth I.; Hussain, Saber M.] Air Force Res Lab, Mol Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate,Human Performance, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP West, AL; Karna, SP (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Composite & Hybrid Mat Branch, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM abby.l.west.civ@mail.mil; shashi.p.karna.civ@mail.mil FU DoD Blast Injury Research Program Coordinating Office of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX Part of the research performed at the Army Research Laboratory was supported by the DoD Blast Injury Research Program Coordinating Office of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD AUG 24 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 33 BP 21221 EP 21227 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b06624 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DU4JR UT WOS:000382179400012 PM 27328035 ER PT J AU Ahn, SK Ware, TH Lee, KM Tondiglia, VP White, TJ AF Ahn, Suk-kyun Ware, Taylor H. Lee, Kyung Min Tondiglia, Vincent P. White, Timothy J. TI Photoinduced Topographical Feature Development in Blueprinted Azobenzene-Functionalized Liquid Crystalline Elastomers SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POLYMER NETWORKS; PHOTOMECHANICAL RESPONSE; LIGHT; ACTUATORS; DEFORMATION; PHOTODRIVEN; GLASSY; MOTION; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; POLYIMIDES AB All-optical deformation and recovery of complex topographical features is demonstrated within elastic sheets composed of main-chain type azobenzene-functionalized liquid crystalline elastomers (azo-LCEs). The azo-LCEs are synthesized via an orthogonal, two-step reaction between commercially available LC monomers and n-butylamine. By employing surface alignment, the local orientation of the nematic director is spatially complex ("blueprinted"). Exposing the blueprinted LCE films to light as an actinic stimulus generates a photomechanical response which yields reversible shape changes between 2D and 3D shapes. The deformation of azo-LCEs strongly depends on the azobenzene concentration as well as the network structure (i.e., crosslink density). Blueprinting complex director profiles within azo-LCEs yield reconfigurable elastic sheets that can be addressed both remotely and selectively which may have benefit in a variety of applications in aerospace, medicine, and optics. C1 [Ahn, Suk-kyun; Ware, Taylor H.; Lee, Kyung Min; Tondiglia, Vincent P.; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ahn, Suk-kyun; Ware, Taylor H.; Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Corp, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Ahn, Suk-kyun] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Busan 46241, South Korea. [Ware, Taylor H.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Bioengn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. RP White, TJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM timothy.white.24@us.af.mil RI Ware, Taylor/A-7130-2017 OI Ware, Taylor/0000-0001-7996-7393 FU Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X EI 1616-3028 J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD AUG 23 PY 2016 VL 26 IS 32 BP 5819 EP 5826 DI 10.1002/adfm.201601090 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DW4JG UT WOS:000383608400005 ER PT J AU Reichert, M Zhao, P Reed, JM Ensley, TR Hagan, DJ Van Stryland, EW AF Reichert, Matthew Zhao, Peng Reed, Jennifer M. Ensley, Trenton R. Hagan, David J. Van Stryland, Eric W. TI Beam deflection measurement of bound-electronic and rotational nonlinear refraction in molecular gases (vol 23, pg 22224, 2015) SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Correction AB We provide an updated comparison of second hyperpolazability of carbon disulfide reported in [Opt. Express, 23(17), 22224 (2015)] to local field corrected liquid phase measurements based on the recent erratum [Optica 3(6), 657 (2016)]. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Reichert, Matthew; Zhao, Peng; Reed, Jennifer M.; Ensley, Trenton R.; Hagan, David J.; Van Stryland, Eric W.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Hagan, David J.; Van Stryland, Eric W.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Reichert, Matthew] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08455 USA. [Reed, Jennifer M.] Air Force Res Lab, RXAP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Van Stryland, EW (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.; Van Stryland, EW (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ewvs@creol.ucf.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 17 BP 19122 EP 19122 AR 273003 DI 10.1364/OE.24.019122 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA DY6KV UT WOS:000385227100026 PM 27557191 ER PT J AU Zhdanov, BV Rotondaro, MD Shaffer, MK Knize, RJ AF Zhdanov, B. V. Rotondaro, M. D. Shaffer, M. K. Knize, R. J. TI Measurements of the gain medium temperature in an operating Cs DPAL SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ALKALI LASER; VAPOR AB A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used for contactless measurement of the temperature of the gain medium within a static cell of Cs DPAL. The maximum temperature recorded approached 700 degrees C leading to a significant degradation of laser performance. This work also examined lasing and non-lasing heat deposition and has shown that as much as 85% of the heating in a DPAL gain medium can be attributed to quenching. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Zhdanov, B. V.; Rotondaro, M. D.; Shaffer, M. K.; Knize, R. J.] US Air Force Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Zhdanov, BV (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM Boris.zhdanov.ctr@usafa.edu FU High Energy Lasers Joint Technology Office [JTO-14-UPR-0525] FX High Energy Lasers Joint Technology Office, Control Number: JTO-14-UPR-0525. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 17 BP 19286 EP 19292 DI 10.1364/OE.24.019286 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DY6KV UT WOS:000385227100043 PM 27557208 ER PT J AU Hoover, BG Rugely, DA Francis, CM Zeira, G Gamiz, VL AF Hoover, Brian G. Rugely, David A. Francis, Christopher M. Zeira, Gal Gamiz, Victor L. TI Bistatic laser polarimeter calibrated to 1% at visible-SWIR wavelengths SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID MUELLER MATRIX POLARIMETER; NOISE; ELLIPSOMETRY; OPTIMIZATION; MODULATORS; SYSTEMS; IMAGE; ERROR AB This paper documents the accuracy and precision of the U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory APCL laser polarimeter in arbitrary bistatic geometries at the three laser wavelengths 633nm, 1064nm, and 1550nm. The difference between measured and theoretical-truth Mueller matrices of calibration components is used as the calibration metric and justified relative to block ellipsometer calibration methods. Calibration of the polarimeter ellipsometry mode is demonstrated first, at quasi-monostatic and large bistatic angles, employing a metallic mirror and a dielectric window as the calibration component, respectively, the latter in order to avoid uncertainty in the retardance of typical metallic mirrors at large incident angles. This uncertainty is demonstrated in measurements of COTS protected-silver mirrors from two vendors, revealing an approximately lambda/8 retardance difference, for reflection through 90 degrees, between nominally-identical mirrors from the two vendors. Polarimeter calibration is finally extended beyond ellipsometry by calibrating depolarization measurements using a new technique employing ensembles of polarized states as calibration components. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Hoover, Brian G.; Rugely, David A.] Adv Opt Technol Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Francis, Christopher M.; Zeira, Gal; Gamiz, Victor L.] US Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Hoover, BG (reprint author), Adv Opt Technol Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM hoover@advanced-optical.com FU Army SBIR [W909MY-12-C-0023] FX The procedures and data reported in this paper were created and obtained for multiple contracts and orders, and the paper was completed as internal R&D. The plurality of funding was provided by Army SBIR contract W909MY-12-C-0023. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 17 BP 19881 EP 19894 AR 265067 DI 10.1364/OE.24.019881 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA DY6KV UT WOS:000385227100099 PM 27557264 ER PT J AU Paduano, Q Snure, M Siegel, G Thomson, D Look, D AF Paduano, Qing Snure, Michael Siegel, Gene Thomson, Darren Look, David TI Growth and characteristics of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures on sp(2)-bonded BN by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nitride; electrical properties; crystal growth ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; FE-DOPED GAN; LAYERS; HEMTS; ALN; TRANSISTORS; SCATTERING; SAPPHIRE; NITRIDE AB AlGaN/GaN heterostructures were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on sp(2)-bonded BN using AlN as a nucleation layer. The best x-ray diffraction rocking curve full-width-at-half-maximums (FWHMs) are 0.13 degrees and 0.17 degrees for the GaN (0002) and (10 (1) over bar2) diffraction peaks. Hall-effect measurements show room temperature mobility near 2000 cm/Vs with sheet carrier density of approximate to 1 x 10(13) cm(-2), comparable to the best values obtained on sapphire using Fe-doped GaN buffers. The best low temperature mobility of the 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is approximate to 33,000 cm(2)/Vs; indicating that the dominant scattering mechanism limiting the transport of 2DEG is interface roughness. Good quality BN grown directly onto sapphire is shown to be effective for reducing parallel conduction that exists due to residual donor impurities in the buffer. Luminescence measurements indicate good optical quality of the GaN/BN/sapphire. The residual strain in the GaN layer is found to be almost completely eliminated when it is released from the substrate. C1 [Paduano, Qing; Snure, Michael; Siegel, Gene; Thomson, Darren; Look, David] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Siegel, Gene; Look, David] Wyle Labs Inc, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Look, David] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Paduano, Q (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM qing.paduano@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [16RYCOR331] FX Authors would like to thank B. Moore and T. Prusnick for providing assistance in Raman measurements and strain analysis. Authors would also like to thank W. Rice and T. Cooper for the assistance in PL and transport measurements. This work is funded by Air Force Office of Scientific Research under task number 16RYCOR331. This support is gratefully acknowledged. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 15 BP 2204 EP 2213 DI 10.1557/jmr.2016.260 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DV4HR UT WOS:000382887000002 ER PT J AU Hart, M Jefferies, SM Hope, DA AF Hart, Michael Jefferies, Stuart M. Hope, Douglas A. TI Atmospheric tomography for artificial satellite observations with a single guide star SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FROZEN FLOW HYPOTHESIS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; LAYER; TELESCOPE AB Estimation of wavefront errors in three dimensions is required to mitigate isoplanatic errors when using adaptive optics or numerical restoration algorithms to recover high-resolution images from blurred data taken through atmospheric turbulence. Present techniques rely on multiple beacons, either natural stars or laser guide stars, to probe the atmospheric aberration along different lines of sight, followed by tomographic projection of the measurements. In this Letter, we show that a three-dimensional estimate of the wavefront aberration can be recovered from measurements by a single guide star in the case where the aberration is stratified, provided that the telescope tracks across the sky with nonuniform angular velocity. This is generally the case for observations of artificial Earth-orbiting satellites, and the new method is likely to find application in ground-based telescopes used for space situational awareness. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Hart, Michael] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hart, Michael; Jefferies, Stuart M.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 34 Ohia Ku St, Pukalani, HI 96768 USA. [Jefferies, Stuart M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Hope, Douglas A.] US Air Force Acad, Ctr Space Situat Awareness Res, Colorado Springs, CO 80848 USA. RP Hart, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Hart, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 34 Ohia Ku St, Pukalani, HI 96768 USA. EM mhart@optics.arizona.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0178] FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-14-1-0178). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 16 BP 3723 EP 3726 DI 10.1364/OL.41.003723 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DU1NZ UT WOS:000381975900014 PM 27519073 ER PT J AU Turgut, Z Lucas, MS Leontsev, S Semiatin, SL Horwath, J AF Turgut, Z. Lucas, M. S. Leontsev, S. Semiatin, S. L. Horwath, J. TI Metastable Co3C nanocrystalline powder produced via reactive ball milling: Synthesis and magnetic properties SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Hard magnets; Mechanical alloying; Coercivity; Nanocrystalline alloys; Metastable phases ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; PERMANENT-MAGNETS; COBALT; NANOPARTICLES; ENHANCEMENT; COERCIVITY; ANISOTROPY; PARTICLES; IRON AB This study investigates reactive ball milling synthesis of a single phase metastable Co3C compound from starting mixtures of cobalt and graphite powders under argon and nitrogen environments. It reports their phase formations, magnetic, and structural properties. Regardless of the starting powder composition (25.0 or 33.3 at.% C) and milling atmosphere, reactive ball milling leads to the formation of the Co3C compound with an orthorhombic structure. Coercivities of the starting mixtures first increases with milling time as the Co3C compound starts to form and subsequently decreases due to structural defects induced by further milling. Higher graphite containing starting powder mixtures yield higher peak coercivity values and higher transformation rates. The formed Co3C compound exhibits a Curie temperature of 563 K and a decomposition temperature around 710 K. Compared to argon milled powders, reactive milling under a nitrogen atmosphere increases the coercivity and decomposition temperature of the Co3C compound. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Turgut, Z.; Lucas, M. S.; Leontsev, S.; Semiatin, S. L.; Horwath, J.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Leontsev, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Lucas, MS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM matthew.steven.lucas@gmail.com RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This work is partially supported by a grant from the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 676 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.095 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DJ6MR UT WOS:000374328100026 ER PT J AU Wang, M Yu, TY Tan, LS Urbas, A Chiang, LY AF Wang, Min Yu, Tzuyang Tan, Loon-Seng Urbas, Augustine Chiang, Long Y. TI Tunability of RF-Responses by Plasmonic Dielectric Amplification Using Branched e(-)-Polarizable C-60-Adducts on Magnetic Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACES; METAL; C-60; STARBURST; DIPHENYLAMINOFLUORENE; SEMICONDUCTOR; NANOMATERIALS; ENHANCEMENT AB Three C-60-DPAF conjugates were synthesized with one as a linear monoadduct and two as branched or starburst multiadducts in structure for the investigation of chromophore antenna number-dependent tunability of RF-responses GHz. The effect was photoinduced by the generation of surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) at the surface of trilayered nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of a highly magnetic gamma-FeO-(x)@AuNP core and an e(-)-polarizable C-60-DPAF adduct-derived partially bilayered fullerosome outer shell. Observed large dielectric (permittivity) amplification phenomena, with the maximization on the starburst multiadduct-derived nanoparticles, were correlated to the photoactivation efficiency at the gold nanolayer. We hypothesized that the prolong accumulation (or trapping) of photogenerated SPR energy in the intermediate gold layer, sandwiched between the C-60(>DPAF-C-9)(x)-derived fullerosome membrane and the highly magnetic gamma-FeOx NP core, was effectively released at the light-off stage to induce the intramolecular polarization of C-60-DPAF adducts. Resulting charged transient states were regarded as the origin of observed high permittivity-photoswitching effect. Similar tunability capabilities in subsequent measurements of distant monostatic and angle-dependent bistatic reflective SAR images might provide insights to RF-signal modulation in coating applications and the potential use of these nanomaterials as permittivity-photoswitching agents in RF-frequency devices. C1 [Wang, Min; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Yu, Tzuyang] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Tan, Loon-Seng; Urbas, Augustine] US Air Force, Res Lab, AFRL RXA, Funct Mat Div, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Chiang, LY (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Long_Chiang@uml.edu OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0138, FA9550-14-1-0153] FX The authors at UML thank the financial support of Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under the Grant Nos. FA9550-09-1-0138 and FA9550-14-1-0153. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 31 BP 17711 EP 17721 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05279 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DT4LG UT WOS:000381452000061 ER PT J AU Rein, KD Roy, S Sanders, ST Caswell, AW Schauer, FR Gord, JR AF Rein, Keith D. Roy, Sukesh Sanders, Scott T. Caswell, Andrew W. Schauer, Frederick R. Gord, James R. TI Multispecies absorption spectroscopy of detonation events at 100 kHz using a fiber-coupled, time-division-multiplexed quantum-cascade-laser system SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MU-M; FREQUENCY-COMB; TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTOR; PRESSURE; SENSOR; H2O; CO2 AB A mid-infrared fiber-coupled laser system constructed around three time-division-multiplexed quantum-cascade lasers capable of measuring the absorption spectra of CO, CO2, and N2O at 100 kHz over a wide range of operating pressures and temperatures is demonstrated. This system is first demonstrated in a laboratory burner and then used to measure temperature, pressure, and concentrations of CO, CO2, and N2O as a function of time in a detonated mixture of N2O and C3H8. Both fuel-rich and fuel-lean detonation cases are outlined. High-temperature fluctuations during the blowdown are observed. Concentrations of CO are shown to decrease with time for fuel-lean conditions and increase for fuel-rich conditions. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Rein, Keith D.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Sanders, Scott T.] Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Caswell, Andrew W.; Schauer, Frederick R.; Gord, James R.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Rein, KD (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM kdrein@gmail.com FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-10-C-2112, FA8650-15-D-2518] FX Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) (FA8650-10-C-2112, FA8650-15-D-2518). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 23 BP 6256 EP 6262 DI 10.1364/AO.55.006256 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DT3IT UT WOS:000381375100015 PM 27534467 ER PT J AU Joyce, DM Ouchen, F Grote, JG AF Joyce, Donna M. Ouchen, Fahima Grote, James G. TI Re-engineering the Polymer Capacitor, Layer by Layer SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INDIUM TIN OXIDE; WORK FUNCTION; MATRIX; FILMS C1 [Joyce, Donna M.; Ouchen, Fahima; Grote, James G.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ouchen, Fahima] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Joyce, DM; Grote, JG (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM donna.joyce@us.af.mil; james.grote.1@us.af.mil NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 15 AR 1600676 DI 10.1002/aenm.201600676 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA DT7VI UT WOS:000381695700012 ER PT J AU Khan, S Jiang, ZF Premathilka, SM Antu, A Hu, JJ Voevodin, AA Roland, PJ Ellingson, RJ Sun, LF AF Khan, Simeen Jiang, Zhoufeng Premathilka, Shashini M. Antu, Antara Hu, Jianjun Voevodin, Andrey A. Roland, Paul J. Ellingson, Randy J. Sun, Liangfeng TI Few-Atom-Thick Colloidal PbS/CdS Core/Shell Nanosheets SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TOPOLOGICAL CRYSTALLINE INSULATORS; IV-VI SEMICONDUCTORS; ULTRATHIN PBS SHEETS; CATION-EXCHANGE; NANORIBBONS; NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOPLATELETS; STATES AB Emissive PbS/CdS core/shell nanosheets are synthesized using a cation-exchange method. A significant blue-shift of the photoluminescence is observed, indicating a stronger quantum confinement in the PbS core as its thickness is reduced. High resolution transmission-electron-microscopy images of the cross sections of the core/shell nanosheets show atomically sharp interfaces between PbS and CdS. Accurate analysis of the thickness of each layer reveals the relationship between the energy gap and the thickness in the extremely one-dimensionally confined nanostructure. Photoluminescence lifetime of the core/shell nanosheets is significantly longer than the core-only nanosheets, indicating better surface passivation. C1 [Khan, Simeen; Jiang, Zhoufeng; Premathilka, Shashini M.; Antu, Antara; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Jiang, Zhoufeng; Premathilka, Shashini M.; Sun, Liangfeng] Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Hu, Jianjun; Voevodin, Andrey A.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Roland, Paul J.; Ellingson, Randy J.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Sch Solar & Adv Renewable Energy, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Voevodin, Andrey A.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Coll Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.; Sun, LF (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM lsun@bgsu.edu FU Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development, Bowling Green State University; U.S. Air Force Research Lab Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9453-08-C-0172, FA9453-11-C-0253]; Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization FX The work is partially supported with funding provided by the Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development, Bowling Green State University. L.S. is thankful for the funding provided by the U.S. Air Force Research Lab Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. We thank Charles Codding (machine shop) and Doug Martin (electronic shop) for their technical assistance at BGSU. The authors thank Joseph G. Lawrence for his help with the TEM measurements at the University of Toledo. P.J.R. and RJ.E. gratefully acknowledge support of the Air Force Research Laboratory under contracts FA9453-08-C-0172 and FA9453-11-C-0253. RJ.E. acknowledges additional support from startup funds provided by the Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 9 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 15 BP 5342 EP 5346 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01232 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DT2OQ UT WOS:000381320700018 ER PT J AU Jacobsen, MD Fourman, JR Porter, KM Wirrig, EA Benedict, MD Foster, BJ Ward, CH AF Jacobsen, Matthew D. Fourman, James R. Porter, Kevin M. Wirrig, Elizabeth A. Benedict, Mark D. Foster, Bryon J. Ward, Charles H. TI Creating an integrated collaborative environment for materials research SO INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION LA English DT Article DE Data management; Workflow; Collaboration; Materials Genome Initiative; Integrated Computational Materials Engineering ID PLATFORM AB This paper describes the creation of a cyberinfrastructure to facilitate collaborative materials research in a laboratory environment that supports the discovery, development, and sustainment of materials and processing solutions. The infrastructure provides a web-based interface supporting group and project spaces within which researchers can easily organize, share, and collaborate on the results of their experimental and computational efforts. It seamlessly connects researchers with experimental and computational resources for easy generation, collection, and storage of digital data to provide instant access to results with no intermediate transfers. Persistent identifiers and metadata tagging are used to ensure historical research data are discoverable, interpretable, and reusable. The architecture is designed to be modular and agile and is based on federation of both applications and data through a central service bus that brokers all transactions. It is comprised of a number of open-source, commercial, and non-commercial software packages that provide the specific functionality needed to meet the large number of system requirements. This collaborative environment is essential to enabling a large research organization to conduct a research program consistent with the discipline of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering by allowing the seamless connection of experiment to model through pedigreed digital data with complete provenance. C1 [Jacobsen, Matthew D.; Benedict, Mark D.; Foster, Bryon J.; Ward, Charles H.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Fourman, James R.; Wirrig, Elizabeth A.] RCF Informat Syst Inc, 4200 Colonel Glenn Hwy,Suite 100, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA. [Porter, Kevin M.] Southwestern Ohio Council Higher Educ, 3155 Res Blvd,Suite 204, Dayton, OH 45420 USA. RP Ward, CH (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM charles.ward.4@us.af.mil OI Ward, Charles/0000-0002-5813-439X NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2193-9764 EI 2193-9772 J9 INTEGR MATER MANUF I JI Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 5 AR 12 DI 10.1186/s40192-016-0055-2 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EC3LM UT WOS:000388027600001 ER PT J AU Martin, JA Gross, KC AF Martin, Jacob A. Gross, Kevin C. TI Estimating index of refraction from polarimetric hyperspectral imaging measurements SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID EMISSIVITY SEPARATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; ANGULAR VARIATION; SCANNER DATA; BARE SOILS; ALGORITHM; ANGLE; REFLECTION; ROUGHNESS AB Current material identification techniques rely on estimating reflectivity or emissivity which vary with viewing angle. As off-nadir remote sensing platforms become increasingly prevalent, techniques robust to changing viewing geometries are desired. A technique leveraging polarimetric hyperspectral imaging (P-HSI), to estimate complex index of refraction, (N) over cap ((nu) over tilde), an inherent material property, is presented. The imaginary component of (N) over cap ((nu) over tilde) is modeled using a small number of "knot" points and interpolation at in-between frequencies (nu) over tilde. The real component is derived via the Kramers-Kronig relationship. P-HSI measurements of blackbody radiation scattered off of a smooth quartz window show that (N) over cap ((nu) over tilde) can be retrieved to within 0.08 RMS error between 875 cm(-1) <= (nu) over tilde <= 1250 cm(-1). P-HSI emission measurements of a heated smooth Pyrex beaker also enable successful (N) over cap ((nu) over tilde) estimates, which are also invariant to object temperature. C1 [Martin, Jacob A.] US Air Force, Res Labs, RYMT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Martin, Jacob A.; Gross, Kevin C.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gross, KC (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM kevin.gross@afit.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [2437-M] FX Thanks to the Defense Threat Reduction Agency for sponsoring this effort via grant # 2437-M. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 16 BP 17928 EP 17940 DI 10.1364/OE.24.017928 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA DX9LD UT WOS:000384716000036 PM 27505760 ER PT J AU Yang, FC Munoz, JA Hellman, O Mauger, L Lucas, MS Tracy, SJ Stone, MB Abernathy, DL Xiao, YM Fultz, B AF Yang, F. C. Munoz, J. A. Hellman, O. Mauger, L. Lucas, M. S. Tracy, S. J. Stone, M. B. Abernathy, D. L. Xiao, Yuming Fultz, B. TI Thermally Driven Electronic Topological Transition in FeTi SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; FERMI-LEVEL; ALLOYS; METAL; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; TEMPERATURE; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SCATTERING AB Ab initio molecular dynamics, supported by inelastic neutron scattering and nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, showed an anomalous thermal softening of the M-5(-) phonon mode in B2-ordered FeTi that could not be explained by phonon-phonon interactions or electron-phonon interactions calculated at low temperatures. A computational investigation showed that the Fermi surface undergoes a novel thermally driven electronic topological transition, in which new features of the Fermi surface arise at elevated temperatures. The thermally induced electronic topological transition causes an increased electronic screening for the atom displacements in the M-5(-) phonon mode and an adiabatic electron-phonon interaction with an unusual temperature dependence. C1 [Yang, F. C.; Munoz, J. A.; Hellman, O.; Mauger, L.; Lucas, M. S.; Tracy, S. J.; Fultz, B.] CALTECH, Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Munoz, J. A.] Datum Inst, Beaverton, OR 97005 USA. [Lucas, M. S.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Stone, M. B.; Abernathy, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Xiao, Yuming] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yang, FC (reprint author), CALTECH, Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; OI Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Hellman, Olle/0000-0002-3453-2975 FU Department of Energy through the Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-03ER46055]; Scientific User Facilities Division; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE; CIW; CDAC; UNLV; LLNL from DOE-NNSA; DOE-BES; NSF; DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [DMR-0520547] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy through the Basic Energy Sciences Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46055. The portions of this work conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory were supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division and by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV, and LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOE-BES, and NSF. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work benefited from DANSE software developed under NSF Grant No. DMR-0520547. Supercomputer resources were provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC). NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 7 AR 076402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.076402 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DT4US UT WOS:000381477200010 PM 27563978 ER PT J AU Liu, YM Wang, P Fernando, KAS LeCroy, GE Maimaiti, H Harruff-Miller, BA Lewis, WK Bunker, CE Hou, ZL Sun, YP AF Liu, Yamin Wang, Ping Fernando, K. A. Shiral LeCroy, Gregory E. Maimaiti, Halidan Harruff-Miller, Barbara A. Lewis, William K. Bunker, Christopher E. Hou, Zhi-Ling Sun, Ya-Ping TI Enhanced fluorescence properties of carbon dots in polymer films SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; NANOPARTICLES; LUMINESCENCE; GRAPHENE; SURFACE; NANOCOMPOSITES; CONVERSION; NANOTUBES; GRAPHITE AB Carbon dots of small carbon nanoparticles surface-functionalized with 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) (EDA) were synthesized, and the as-synthesized sample was separated on an aqueous gel column to obtain fractions of the EDA carbon dots with different fluorescence quantum yields. As already discussed in the literature, the variations in fluorescence performance among the fractions were attributed to the different levels and/or effectiveness of the surface functionalization passivation in the carbon dots. These fractions, as well as carbon nanoparticles without any deliberate surface functionalization, were dispersed into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for composite films. In the PVA film matrix, the carbon dots and nanoparticles exhibited much enhanced fluorescence emissions in comparison with their corresponding aqueous solutions. The increased fluorescence quantum yields in the films were determined quantitatively by using a specifically designed and constructed film sample holder in the emission spectrometer. The observed fluorescence decays of the EDA carbon dots in the films and in the solution were essentially the same, suggesting that the significant enhancement in fluorescence quantum yields from the solution to films is static in nature. Mechanistic implications of the results, including a rationalization in terms of the compression effect on the surface passivation layer (similar to a soft corona) in carbon dots when embedded in the more restrictive film environment resulting in more favorable radiative recombinations of the carbon particle surface-trapped electrons and holes, and also potential technological applications of the brightly fluorescent composite films are highlighted and discussed. C1 [Liu, Yamin; Wang, Ping; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Maimaiti, Halidan; Hou, Zhi-Ling; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Liu, Yamin; Wang, Ping; LeCroy, Gregory E.; Maimaiti, Halidan; Hou, Zhi-Ling; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Fernando, K. A. Shiral; Harruff-Miller, Barbara A.] Univ Dayton, Sensors Technol Off, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Lewis, William K.; Bunker, Christopher E.] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Fernando, KAS (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Sensors Technol Off, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.; Bunker, CE (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM KAShiral.Fernando@udri.udayton.edu; christopher.bunker@wpafb.af.mil; yaping@clemson.edu FU NSF; NIH; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory; China Scholarship Council FX Financial support from NSF and NIH (Y.-P. S.), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through Dr Michael Berman (C. E. B.), and the Air Force Research Laboratory (C. E. B.) is gratefully acknowledged. H. M. was on leave from Xinjiang University in Urumqi, China and Z.-L. H. on leave from Beijing University of Chemical Technology in Beijing, China, both with visiting scholarships provided by the China Scholarship Council. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 48 U2 48 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7526 EI 2050-7534 J9 J MATER CHEM C JI J. Mater. Chem. C PD AUG 7 PY 2016 VL 4 IS 29 BP 6967 EP 6974 DI 10.1039/c6tc01932c PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DT2SC UT WOS:000381329700004 PM 28133537 ER PT J AU Wu, QY Ridge, CJ Zhao, S Zakharov, D Cen, JJ Tong, X Connors, E Su, D Stach, EA Lindsay, CM Orlov, A AF Wu, Qiyuan Ridge, Claron J. Zhao, Shen Zakharov, Dmitri Cen, Jiajie Tong, Xiao Connors, Eoghan Su, Dong Stach, Eric A. Lindsay, C. Michael Orlov, Alexander TI Development of a New Generation of Stable, Tunable, and Catalytically Active Nanoparticles Produced by the Helium Nanodroplet Deposition Method SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUEL-CELL CATALYSTS; CO OXIDATION; AU-N/TIO2 CATALYSTS; CLUSTER DEPOSITION; AU; TEMPERATURE; DROPLETS; PLATINUM; TITANIA; SURFACE AB Nanoparticles (NPs) are revolutionizing many areas of science and technology, often delivering unprecedented improvements to properties of the conventional materials. However, despite important advances in NPs synthesis and applications, numerous challenges still remain. Development of alternative synthetic method capable of producing very uniform, extremely clean and very stable NPs is urgently needed. If successful, such method can potentially transform several areas of nanoscience, including environmental and energy related catalysis. Here we present the first experimental demonstration of catalytically active NPs synthesis achieved by the helium nanodroplet isolation method. This alternative method of NPs fabrication and deposition produces narrowly distributed, clean, and remarkably stable NPs. The fabrication is achieved inside ultralow temperature, superfluid helium nanodroplets, which can be subsequently deposited onto any substrate. This technique is universal enough to be applied to nearly any element, while achieving high deposition rates for single element as well as composite core-shell NPs. C1 [Wu, Qiyuan; Cen, Jiajie; Orlov, Alexander] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ridge, Claron J.; Lindsay, C. Michael] US Air Force, Res Lab, Energet Mat Branch, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. [Zhao, Shen; Zakharov, Dmitri; Tong, Xiao; Su, Dong; Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11793 USA. [Zhao, Shen] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Connors, Eoghan; Orlov, Alexander] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Orlov, A (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; Lindsay, CM (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Energet Mat Branch, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.; Orlov, A (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM c.lindsay@us.af.mil; alexander.orlov@stonybrook.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683 FU NSF DMR Award [1254600]; U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-03ER15476]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Program Officer Michael Berman [3002NW] FX This research project has been supported by the NSF DMR Award 1254600. This research project used resources of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. Support for Dr. Shen Zhao was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER15476. This work was also supported by research grant 3002NW from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Program Officer Michael Berman. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD AUG 4 PY 2016 VL 7 IS 15 BP 2910 EP 2914 DI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01305 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DT1JB UT WOS:000381236400006 PM 27409518 ER PT J AU Harris, J Berri, DJ AF Harris, Jill Berri, David J. TI If You Can't Pay Them, Play Them: Fan Preferences and Own-Race Bias in the WNBA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT FINANCE LA English DT Article DE WNBA; racial bias; employer discrimination ID NATIONAL BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION; PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL; NBA; DISCRIMINATION; COLLEGE; EMPLOYER; DRAFT; TIME; WAGE AB During the 2010-2014 seasons, non-white players with non-white coaches played 4.81 fewer minutes per game on average than white players in the WNBA. This difference in playing time is not due to player endowments. A control for the percentage of the white population suggests fan preferences could contribute to coaching decisions about playing time allocation. No evidence of own-race bias is found. As the first investigation into bias in the WNBA, this paper contributes to the growing literature on discrimination in professional sports. C1 [Harris, Jill] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Berri, David J.] Southern Utah Univ, Cedar City, UT USA. RP Harris, J (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FITNESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PI MORGANTOWN PA WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, 262 COLISEUM, WVU-PE, PO BOX 6116, MORGANTOWN, WV 26506-6116 USA SN 1558-6235 EI 1930-076X J9 INT J SPORT FINANC JI Int. J. Sport Financ. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 11 IS 3 BP 247 EP 261 PG 15 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA EI4KY UT WOS:000392463700005 ER PT J AU Medina, A Jones, AR AF Medina, Albert Jones, Anya R. TI Leading-edge vortex burst on a low-aspect-ratio rotating flat plate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; INSECT WING PLANFORMS; LOW REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; FLAPPING FLIGHT; FORCE PRODUCTION; REVOLVING WINGS; FLOW STRUCTURE; SPANWISE FLOW; BREAKDOWN; VORTICES AB This study experimentally investigates the phenomenon of leading-edge-vortex burst on rotating flat plate wings. An aspect-ratio-2 wing was driven in pure rotation at a Reynolds number of Re = 2500. Of primary interest is the evolution of the leading-edge vortex along the wing span over a single-revolution wing stroke. Direct force measurements of the lift produced by the wing revealed a single global lift maximum relatively early in the wing stroke. Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry was applied to several chordwise planes to quantify the structure and strength of the leading-edge vortex and its effect on lift production. This analysis revealed opposite-sign vorticity entrainment into the core of the leading-edge vortex, originating from a layer of secondary vorticity along the wing surface. Coincident with the lift peak, there emerged both a concentration of opposite vorticity in the leading-edge-vortex core, as well as axial flow stagnation within the leading-edgevortex core. Planar control volume analysis was performed at the midspan to quantify the contributions of vorticity transport mechanisms to the leading-edge-vortex circulation. The rate of circulation annihilation by opposite-signed vorticity entrainment was found to be minimal during peak lift production, where convection balanced the flux of vorticity resulting in stagnation and eventually reversal of axial flow. Finally, vortex burst was found to be correlated with swirl number, where bursting occurs at a swirl threshold of S-w < 0.6. C1 [Medina, Albert] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jones, Anya R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Medina, A (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM alberto.medina.1.ctr@us.af.mil; arjones@umd.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0251]; Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base FX The authors thank Mateusz Gabryszuk and Hannah Spooner of the University of Maryland, College Park for their assistance in the flow visualization and force measurements. This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award No. FA9550-12-1-0251. This research was performed while the author held an NRC Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-990X J9 PHYS REV FLUIDS JI Phys. Rev. Fluids PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 1 IS 4 AR 044501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.044501 PG 25 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EF3FB UT WOS:000390209000010 ER PT J AU Jia, B Pham, KD Blasch, E Shen, D Wang, ZH Chen, GS AF Jia, Bin Pham, Khanh D. Blasch, Erik Shen, Dan Wang, Zhonghai Chen, Genshe TI Cooperative Space Object Tracking Using Space-Based Optical Sensors via Consensus-Based Filters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID FUSION; TARGET AB Cooperative tracking plays a key role in space situation awareness for scenarios with a limited number of observations or poor performance of a single sensor or both. To use the information from multiple networked sensors, both centralized and decentralized fusion algorithms can be used. Compared with centralized fusion algorithms, decentralized fusion algorithms are more robust in terms of communication failure and computational burden. One popular distributed estimation approach is based on the average consensus that asymptotically converges to the estimate by multiple exchanges of neighborhood information. Consensus-based algorithms havebecome popular in recent years due to the fact that they do not require global knowledge of the network or routing protocols. The main contributions of this paper are 1) an effective space-based object (SBO) measurement model that considers the geometric relation of the Sun, the space object, the SBO sensor, and the Earth; 2) two consensus-based filters, the information-weighted consensus filter (ICF) and the Kalman consensus filter (KCF), are used to track space objects by using multiple SBO sensors; and 3) the cubature rule-embedded ICF (Cub-ICF) and KCF (Cub-KCF) are proposed to improve the accuracy of the ICF and KCF. Three scenarios that contain one or two space objects and four SBOs are used to test proposed algorithms. We also compare the consensus-based space object tracking algorithms with the centralized extended information filter (centralized EIF) and the centralized cubature information filter (centralized Cub-IF). The simulation results indicate that 1) cooperative space object tracking algorithms provide better results than algorithms using a single sensor, 2) the consensus-based tracking algorithms can achieve performance close to that of the centralized algorithms, and 3) the Cub-ICF and Cub-KCF outperform the conventional ICF and KCF for a challenging space object tracking case shown in the paper. The proposed Cub-ICF and Cub-KCF algorithms should facilitate the application of using consensus-based filters for cooperative space object tracking. C1 [Jia, Bin; Shen, Dan; Wang, Zhonghai; Chen, Genshe] Intelligent Fus Technol Inc, 20271 Goldenrod Lane,Suite 2066, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. [Pham, Khanh D.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Blasch, Erik] Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. RP Blasch, E (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Griffiss AFB, NY 13441 USA. EM erik.blasch.1@us.af.mil FU United States Air Force [FA9453-13-M-0059] FX This research was partly supported by the United States Air Force under contract FA9453-13-M-0059. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Air Force. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1908 EP 1936 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.140506 PG 29 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA ED2BL UT WOS:000388648500002 ER PT J AU Erich, R Eaton, M Mayes, R Pierce, L Knight, A Genovesi, P Escobar, J Mychalczuk, G Selent, M AF Erich, Roger Eaton, Melinda Mayes, Ryan Pierce, Lamar Knight, Andrew Genovesi, Paul Escobar, James Mychalczuk, George Selent, Monica TI The Impact of Environment and Occupation on the Health and Safety of Active Duty Air Force Members: Database Development and De-Identification SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WORK-ENVIRONMENT; JOB STRAIN; STRESS AB Preparing data for medical research can be challenging, detail oriented, and time consuming. Transcription errors, missing or nonsensical data, and records not applicable to the study population may hamper progress and, if unaddressed, can lead to erroneous conclusions. In addition, study data may be housed in multiple disparate databases and complex formats. Merging methods may be incomplete to obtain temporally synchronized data elements. We created a comprehensive database to explore the general hypothesis that environmental and occupational factors influence health outcomes and risk-taking behavior among active duty Air Force personnel. Several databases containing demographics, medical records, health survey responses, and safety incident reports were cleaned, validated, and linked to form a comprehensive, relational database. The final step involved removing and transforming personally identifiable information to form a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant limited database. Initial data consisted of over 62.8 million records containing 221 variables. When completed, approximately 23.9 million clean and valid records with 214 variables remained. With a clean, robust database, future analysis aims to identify high-risk career fields for targeted interventions or uncover potential protective factors in low-risk career fields. C1 [Erich, Roger; Eaton, Melinda; Genovesi, Paul; Escobar, James; Mychalczuk, George; Selent, Monica] US Air Force, Epidemiol Consult Serv, Publ Hlth & Prevent Med Dept, Sch Aerosp Med, 2510 5th St,Bldg 840, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. [Mayes, Ryan] US Air Force, Aeromed Res Dept, Sch Aerosp Med, 2510 5th St,Bldg 840, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. [Pierce, Lamar; Knight, Andrew] Washington Univ St Louis, Olin Business Sch, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Erich, R (reprint author), US Air Force, Epidemiol Consult Serv, Publ Hlth & Prevent Med Dept, Sch Aerosp Med, 2510 5th St,Bldg 840, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 181 IS 8 BP 821 EP 826 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00310 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5MI UT WOS:000383688900026 PM 27483519 ER PT J AU Coley, SL McCarthy, RJ Milner, JS Ormsby, L Travis, WJ AF Coley, Sarah L. McCarthy, Randy J. Milner, Joel S. Ormsby, LaJuana Travis, Wendy J. TI Intimate Partner Maltreatment Recidivism in US Air Force Families SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SPOUSE ABUSE; RISK-FACTORS; VIOLENCE; MARKER; ARMY AB Research has demonstrated that perpetrator characteristics (gender, age, and military status) and incident characteristics (perpetrator substance use and initial incident severity) are associated with intimate partner maltreatment recidivism. This study assessed whether these variables were associated with intimate partner maltreatment recidivism in U.S. Air Force families during a 16-yr period (1997-2013). During the study period, 21% of the intimate partner maltreatment perpetrators in the U.S. Air Force committed more than one incident of maltreatment. In terms of perpetrator characteristics, male perpetrators reoffended more than female perpetrators, younger perpetrators reoffended more than older perpetrators, and active duty perpetrators reoffended more than civilians. Whether a perpetrator was enlisted or an officer was not associated with the likelihood of recidivism. In terms of incident characteristics, substance use (which was mainly alcohol use) during an initial maltreatment incident was associated with recidivism, but the severity of perpetrators' initial maltreatment incident was not. However, for perpetrators who reoffended, the severity of their initial incident was associated with the severity of subsequent incidents. On the basis of these findings, the need for targeted interventions to reduce intimate partner maltreatment recidivism is discussed. C1 [Coley, Sarah L.; McCarthy, Randy J.; Milner, Joel S.] Northern Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, 125 Presidents Blvd, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Ormsby, LaJuana; Travis, Wendy J.] Div Mental Hlth, Family Advocacy Policy & Res, 485 Quentin Roosevelt Rd,Bldg 171, San Antonio, TX 78226 USA. [Travis, Wendy J.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Coley, SL (reprint author), Northern Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, 125 Presidents Blvd, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. FU USAF Family Advocacy Program through a subcontract awarded by Kansas State University; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This study was funded by the USAF Family Advocacy Program through a subcontract awarded by Kansas State University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 181 IS 8 BP 926 EP 930 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00333 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5MI UT WOS:000383688900042 PM 27483535 ER PT J AU Yu, ZF Pirnstill, CW Cote, GL AF Yu, Zhen Fang Pirnstill, Casey W. Cote, Gerard L. TI Dual-modulation, dual-wavelength, optical polarimetry system for glucose monitoring SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE optical activity; polarimetry; glucose monitoring; noninvasive; motion artifact ID CORNEAL BIREFRINGENCE; COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; AQUEOUS-HUMOR; SENSORS; EYE AB A dual modulation optical polarimetry system utilizing both laser intensity and polarization modulation was designed, built, and tested. The system was designed to reduce complexity and enhance the speed in order to facilitate the reduction of motion-induced time-varying birefringence, which is one of the major limitations to the realization of polarimetry for glucose monitoring in the eye. The high-speed less complex technique was tested using in vitro phantom studies with and without motion artifact introduced. The glucose concentration ranged from 0 to 600 mg/dl and the glucose measurements demonstrated a standard error of prediction to within 8.1 mg/dl without motion and to within 13.9 mg/dl with motion. Our feedback control systems took less than 10 ms to reach stabilization, which is adequately fast to eliminate the effect of time-varying birefringence. The results indicate that this new optical polarimetric approach has improved the speed and reduced the complexity, showing the potential for it to be used for noninvasive glucose measurements. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Yu, Zhen Fang] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Optoelect Informat, 4,Sect 2,North Jianshe Rd, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Yu, Zhen Fang; Pirnstill, Casey W.; Cote, Gerard L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 5045 Emerging Technol,Bldg 3120 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Pirnstill, Casey W.] Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Human Performance Wing 711, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Warfighter Interface Div,Appl Neurosci Branch, 2610 Seventh St,Bldg 441, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Cote, Gerard L.] Texas A&M Univ, Expt Stn, Ctr Remote Hlth Technol & Syst, MS3120,Emerging Technol Bldg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 5045 Emerging Technol,Bldg 3120 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.; Cote, GL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Expt Stn, Ctr Remote Hlth Technol & Syst, MS3120,Emerging Technol Bldg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM gcote@tamu.edu FU China Scholarships Council (CSC) FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the program of China Scholarships Council (CSC). The authors would like to thank Danial Grundan, former MS student in the Optical Biosensing Laboratory at Texas A&M, and Qiu Qi, professor of School of Photoelectronic Information at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, for their assistance and helpful technical discussions. As per SPIE guidelines, the authors acknowledge the SPIE Photonics West proceedings number 9715-29, in which part of this work was presented in San Francisco, California, on February 16, 2016. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 EI 1560-2281 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 21 IS 8 AR 087001 DI 10.1117/1.JBO.21.8.087001 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EC5YD UT WOS:000388212300043 PM 27477078 ER PT J AU Yang, H Fortier, A Horne, K Brostow, W Lobland, HEH AF Yang, Hua Fortier, Aleksandra Horne, Kyle Brostow, Witold Lobland, Haley E. Hagg TI SHAPE MEMORY METAL ALLOYS IN THE CONTEXT OF TEACHING SMART MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Nitinol (NiTi); shape memory alloys; defects; nickel (Ni); titanium (Ti); interstitial interaction ID NI; TRANSFORMATION; FATIGUE; NI4TI3 AB Compared to other equally consequential material types, smart materials are fairly glossed over in general Materials Science and Engineering instruction. Shape memory metal alloys (SMAs), a subset of smart materials, are therefore among the subjects deserving more attention. Pragmatically, they ought also to have more emphasis as they are a topic likely to intrigue and hold the interest of students owing to their somewhat amazing behavior. Such alloys exhibit two closely related but distinct phenomena: shape memory and superelasticity (also called pseudoelasticity). Shape memory is the capability to undergo deformation at one temperature followed by recovery of the original undeformed shape upon heating above the characteristic transformation temperature. The phenomenon of superelasticity, in which a material sustains much higher than typical strain with a fully elastic recovery, occurs within a narrow temperature range just above the transformation temperature. Because SMAs are widely used in applications ranging from dental wires and arterial stents to fire security systems and helicopter blades, there have been many experimental and theoretical studies performed to explore their strength and fatigue behavior, especially of nickel titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys, which are common among SMAs. A familiar example is the NiTi alloy known as nitinol. This and other such alloys, having now an established presence among engineering materials, merit corresponding attention in education, particularly on aspects of fatigue, mechanical performance, and biomedical application. Over time, a variety of defects can form in SMAs, and accumulation of those defects ultimately causes internal crack formation and propagation. In this article we present a review and summary of the mechanisms of behavior of shape memory alloys, limitations and underlying reasons for them of SMAs, applications potential and realized of SMAs, and we draw connections among these features in order provide a more encompassing description of such alloys for better educational instruction. C1 [Yang, Hua; Fortier, Aleksandra; Horne, Kyle] Univ North Texas, Coll Engn, Mech & Energy Engn Dept, Denton, TX 76207 USA. [Yang, Hua; Fortier, Aleksandra; Horne, Kyle] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Brostow, Witold; Lobland, Haley E. Hagg] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76207 USA. RP Fortier, A (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Coll Engn, Mech & Energy Engn Dept, Denton, TX 76207 USA.; Fortier, A (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM drafortier@gmail.com; brostow@unt.edu; haleylobland@gmail.com NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU INT COUNCIL MATERIALS EDUCATION PI DENTON PA UNIV N TEXAS, 1155 UNION CIRCLE #30510, DENTON, TX 76203-5017 USA SN 0738-7989 J9 J MATER EDUC JI J. Mat. Educ. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 38 IS 3-4 BP 149 EP 156 PG 8 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Materials Science GA DZ9KQ UT WOS:000386194400007 ER PT J AU Mallon, TM Rohrbeck, P Haines, KM Jones, DP Utell, M Hopke, PK Phipps, RP Walker, DI Thatcher, T Woeller, CF Baird, CP Pollard, HB Dalgard, CL Gaydos, JC AF Mallon, Timothy M. Rohrbeck, Patricia Haines, Kevin M. Jones, Dean P. Utell, Mark Hopke, Philip K. Phipps, Richard P. Walker, Douglas I. Thatcher, Thomas Woeller, Collynn F. Baird, Coleen P. Pollard, Harvey B. Dalgard, Clifton L. Gaydos, Joel C. TI Introduction to Department of Defense Research on Burn Pits, Biomarkers, and Health Outcomes Related to Deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DOD SERUM REPOSITORY; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; EXPOSURE; SURVEILLANCE; ENCOUNTERS; FUTURE AB Objective: This paper provides an overview of our study that was designed to assess the health impact of environmental exposures to open pit burning in deployed troops. Methods: The rationale for the study and the structure of the research plan was laid out. An overview of each article in the supplement was provided. The cohort of deployed Service members was assessed for airborne exposure, relevant biomarkers, and health outcomes following deployment to Balad, Iraq, and/or Bagram, Afghanistan. Results: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposures were elevated, and serum biomarkers were statistically different postdeployment. Associations were noted between PAHs and dioxins and microRNAs. Some health outcomes were evident in deployers compared with nondeployers. Conclusions: Future research will examine the associations between demographic variables, smoking status, biomarker levels, and related health outcomes. C1 [Mallon, Timothy M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Rohrbeck, Patricia] 779th Aerosp Med Squadron, 79th Med Wing, Joint Base Andrews, MD USA. [Haines, Kevin M.] 30th Med Grp, 338 South Dakota Ave, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 USA. [Jones, Dean P.; Walker, Douglas I.] Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Clin Biomarkers Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Utell, Mark; Phipps, Richard P.; Thatcher, Thomas; Woeller, Collynn F.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Utell, Mark; Phipps, Richard P.; Thatcher, Thomas; Woeller, Collynn F.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, Inst Sustainable Environm, Ctr Air Resources Engn & Sci, Potsdam, NY USA. [Baird, Coleen P.; Gaydos, Joel C.] US Army, Ctr Publ Hlth Provis, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Pollard, Harvey B.; Dalgard, Clifton L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Anat & Cell Biol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Mallon, TM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Occupat & Environm Med Residency Program, Natl Capital Consortium,Sch Med, Bldg A Room A1040A,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mallon@usuhs.edu NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 8 SU S BP S3 EP S11 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000775 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA1IG UT WOS:000386345100002 ER PT J AU Masiol, M Mallon, TM Haines, KM Utell, MJ Hopke, PK AF Masiol, Mauro Mallon, Timothy M. Haines, Kevin M., Jr. Utell, Mark J. Hopke, Philip K. TI Airborne Dioxins, Furans, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure to Military Personnel in Iraq SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; DIAGNOSTIC RATIOS; LUNG-FUNCTION; BURN PITS; EMISSIONS; ENGINE; COHORT; PAHS AB Objectives: The objective of this study was to use ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) concentrations measured at Joint Base Balad in Iraq in 2007 to identify the sources of these species and their spatial patterns. Methods: The ratios of the measured species were compared with literature data for likely emission sources. Using the multiple site measurements on specific days, contour maps have been drawn using inverse distance weighting (IDW). Results: These analyses suggest multiple sources, including the burn pit (primarily a source of PCDD/PCDFs), the transportation field (primarily as source of PAHs), and other sources of PAHs that include aircraft, space heating, and diesel power generation. Conclusions: The nature and locations of the sources were identified. PCDD/PCDFs were emitted by the burn pit. Multiple PAH sources exist across the base. C1 [Masiol, Mauro; Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, Ctr Air Resources Engn & Sci, Potsdam, NY USA. [Mallon, Timothy M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Haines, Kevin M., Jr.] 30th Med Grp, 338 South Dakota Ave, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA. RP Hopke, PK (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM phopke@clarkson.edu RI Masiol, Mauro/D-4819-2014 OI Masiol, Mauro/0000-0003-0809-9212 FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [HT9404-13-1-0030]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30-ES01247] FX This work was supported by The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. grant number HT9404-13-1-0030 and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grant # P30-ES01247. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 8 SU S BP S22 EP S30 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000771 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA1IG UT WOS:000386345100004 PM 27501100 ER PT J AU Masiol, M Mallon, TM Haines, KM Utell, MJ Hopke, PK AF Masiol, Mauro Mallon, Timothy M. Haines, Kevin M., Jr. Utell, Mark J. Hopke, Philip K. TI Source Apportionment of Airborne Dioxins, Furans, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at a United States Forward Operating Air Base During the Iraq War SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; FACTOR-ANALYTIC MODELS; EMISSIONS; QUALITY; AEROSOL; IMPACTS; AIRPORT AB Objectives: The objective was to apportion the sources of the ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran concentrations measured at Joint Base Balad in Iraq. Methods: Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the data to obtain the chemical profiles and contribution time series of the PAHs, PCDDs, and PCDFs. Conditional probability function (CPF) analyses were performed to assess the source directionality relative to the monitoring sites. Results: Three source types were identified and apportioned. The sources were: the burn pit, diesel vehicles and generators, and aircraft emissions. The CPF plots were consistent with the assigned source types. Conclusions: The PCDDs and PCDFs originated primarily from the burn pit. Higher molecular weight PAHs were associated with vehicle emissions while the aircraft emissions were enriched in low molecular weight PAHs. C1 [Masiol, Mauro; Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, Ctr Air Resources Engn & Sci, Potsdam, NY USA. [Mallon, Timothy M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Haines, Kevin M., Jr.] 30th Med Grp, 338 South Dakota Ave, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA. RP Hopke, PK (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM phopke@clarkson.edu RI Masiol, Mauro/D-4819-2014 OI Masiol, Mauro/0000-0003-0809-9212 FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [HT9404-13-1-0030]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30-ES01247] FX This work was supported by The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. grant number HT9404-13-1-0030, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grant # P30-ES01247. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 8 SU S BP S31 EP S37 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000759 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA1IG UT WOS:000386345100005 PM 27501102 ER PT J AU Huang, CS Wilson, GR Hairston, MR Zhang, YL Wang, WB Liu, J AF Huang, Chao-Song Wilson, Gordon R. Hairston, Marc R. Zhang, Yongliang Wang, Wenbin Liu, Jing TI Equatorial ionospheric plasma drifts and O+ concentration enhancements associated with disturbance dynamo during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day magnetic storm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; MAIN PHASE; PENETRATION; TIME; THERMOSPHERE; SOLAR; CONVECTION; FLYWHEEL AB Disturbance dynamo is an important dynamic process during magnetic storms. However, very few direct observations of dynamo-induced plasma drifts and ion composition changes in the equatorial ionosphere are available. In this study, we use measurements of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites to identify the characteristics of the disturbance dynamo process in the topside equatorial ionosphere near dawn during the magnetic storm with a minimum Dst of -223 nT on 17 March 2015. Data from four DMSP satellites with equatorial crossings at 0245, 0430, 0630, and 0730 LT are available for this case. The dynamo process was first observed in the postmidnight sector 3-4.7 h after the beginning of the storm main phase and lasted for 31 h, covering the second storm intensification and the initial 20 h of the recovery phase. The dynamo vertical ion drift was upward (up to 150-200 m s(-1)) in the postmidnight sector and downward (up to similar to 80 m s(-1)) in the early morning sector. The dynamo zonal ion drift was westward at these locations and reached similar to 100 m s(-1). The dynamo process caused large enhancements of the O+ concentration (the ratio of the oxygen ion density to the total ion density) at the altitude of 840 km near dawn. The O+ concentration increased from below 60% during the prestorm period to 80-90% during the storm time. More specifically, the O+ density was increased, and the H+ density was decreased. The variations of the O+ concentration were well correlated with the vertical ion drift. C1 [Huang, Chao-Song; Wilson, Gordon R.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Hairston, Marc R.] Univ Texas Dallas, Hanson Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Zhang, Yongliang] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Wang, Wenbin; Liu, Jing] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Huang, CS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. EM chaosong.huang.1@us.af.mil RI Wang, Wenbin/G-2596-2013; Zhang, Yongliang/C-2180-2016; Liu, Jing/E-6146-2012 OI Wang, Wenbin/0000-0002-6287-4542; Zhang, Yongliang/0000-0003-4851-1662; FU NASA [NNH15AZ81I, NNX12AJ54G, NNX14AE06G]; National Science Foundation FX C.S.H. at the Air Force Research Laboratory was supported in part by NASA grant NNH15AZ81I. The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and W.W. acknowledges support of NASA grants NNX12AJ54G and NNX14AE06G. We thank the NASA/GSFC's Space Physics Data Facility for providing the interplanetary and SYM-H data. DMSP thermal plasma particle data are managed by the Air Force Research Laboratory, and the data used for this study are available upon request. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 7961 EP 7973 DI 10.1002/2016JA023072 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4EQ UT WOS:000385811500048 ER PT J AU Liu, J Wang, WB Burns, A Solomon, SC Zhang, SR Zhang, YL Huang, CS AF Liu, Jing Wang, Wenbin Burns, Alan Solomon, Stanley C. Zhang, Shunrong Zhang, Yongliang Huang, Chaosong TI Relative importance of horizontal and vertical transports to the formation of ionospheric storm-enhanced density and polar tongue of ionization SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; TOTAL ELECTRON-CONTENT; LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; TIME INCREASES; F-LAYER; FIELD; PLASMA; MIDDLE; LATITUDES; PATCHES AB There are still uncertainties regarding the formation mechanisms for storm-enhanced density (SED) in the high and subauroral latitude ionosphere. In this work, we deploy the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) and GPS total electron content (TEC) observations to identify the principle mechanisms for SED and the tongue of ionization (TOI) through term-by-term analysis of the ion continuity equation and also identify the advantages and deficiencies of the TIEGCM in capturing high-latitude and subauroral latitude ionospheric fine structures for the two geomagnetic storm events occurring on 17 March 2013 and 2015. Our results show that in the topside ionosphere, upward E x B ion drifts are most important in SED formation and are offset by antisunward neutral winds and downward ambipolar diffusion effects. In the bottomside F region ionosphere, neutral winds play a major role in generating SEDs. SED signature in TEC is mainly caused by upward E x B ion drifts that lift the ionosphere to higher altitudes where chemical recombination is slower. Horizontal E x B ion drifts play an essential role in transporting plasma from the dayside convection throat region to the polar cap to form TOIs. Inconsistencies between model results and GPS TEC data were found: (1) GPS relative TEC difference between storm time and quiet time has "holes" in the dayside ion convection entrance region, which do not appear in the model results. (2) The model tends to overestimate electron density enhancements in the polar region. Possible causes for these inconsistencies are discussed in this article. C1 [Liu, Jing; Wang, Wenbin; Burns, Alan; Solomon, Stanley C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Zhang, Shunrong] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Zhang, Yongliang] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Dept Space, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Huang, Chaosong] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM jingliu@ucar.edu RI Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012; Wang, Wenbin/G-2596-2013; Zhang, Yongliang/C-2180-2016; Liu, Jing/E-6146-2012; OI Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034; Wang, Wenbin/0000-0002-6287-4542; Zhang, Yongliang/0000-0003-4851-1662; Zhang, Shun-Rong/0000-0002-1946-3166 FU NASA LWS [NNX14AE06G, NNX15AB83G]; NASA HGI [NNX12AJ54G]; National Science Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS-1242204] FX This work is supported by NASA LWS grants NNX14AE06G and NNX15AB83G and NASA HGI grant NNX12AJ54G. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The TIEGCM output data used in this paper are accessible upon request (jingliu@ucar.edu). Observations and analysis at MIT Haystack Observatory are supported by cooperative agreement AGS-1242204 between the National Science Foundation and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. GPS TEC data products and access through the Madrigal distributed data system (http://madrigal.haystack.mit.edu/madrigal/) are provided to the community by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under support from U.S. National Science Foundation grant AGS-1242204. The solar wind parameters are obtained from the OMNI 2 database (ftp://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/omni/high_res_omni/). NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 8121 EP 8133 DI 10.1002/2016JA022882 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4EQ UT WOS:000385811500059 ER PT J AU Hardos, JE Whitehead, LW Han, I Ott, DK Waller, DK AF Hardos, Jennifer E. Whitehead, Lawrence W. Han, Inkyu Ott, Darrin K. Waller, D. Kim TI Y Depression Prevalence and Exposure to Organophosphate Esters in Aircraft Maintenance Workers SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE engine oil; hydraulic fluid; aircraft maintenance; major depressive disorder ID DIAGNOSTIC METAANALYSIS; CRESYL PHOSPHATE; PHQ-9 AB INTRODUCTION: Previous studies found that aircraft maintenance workers may be exposed to organophosphates in hydraulic fluid and engine oil. Studies have also illustrated a link between long-term low-level organophosphate pesticide exposure and depression. METHODS: A questionnaire containing the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 depression screener was e-mailed to 52,080 aircraft maintenance workers (with N = 4801 complete responses) in a cross-sectional study to determine prevalence and severity of depression and descriptions of their occupational exposures. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between reported depression prevalence and severity in similar exposure groups in which aircraft maintenance workers were exposed or may have been exposed to organophosphate esters compared to similar exposure groups in which they were not exposed. However, a dichotomous measure of the prevalence of depression was significantly associated with self-reported exposure levels from low (OR: 1.21) to moderate (OR: 1.68) to high exposure (OR: 2.70) and with each exposure route including contact (OR: 1.68), inhalation (OR: 2.52), and ingestion (OR: 2.55). A self-reported four-level measure of depression severity was also associated with a self-reported four-level measure of exposure. DISCUSSION: Based on self-reported exposures and outcomes, an association is observed between organophosphate exposure and depression; however, we cannot assume that the associations we observed are causal because some workers may have been more likely to report exposure to organophosphate esters and also more likely to report depression. Future studies should consider using a larger sample size, better methods for characterizing crew chief exposures, and bioassays to measure dose rather than exposure. C1 [Hardos, Jennifer E.; Ott, Darrin K.] US Air Force, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Whitehead, Lawrence W.; Han, Inkyu; Waller, D. Kim] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX USA. RP Hardos, JE (reprint author), 2510 Fifth St,Bldg 840, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM jennifer.hardos@us.af.mil FU 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Financial support from this study came from the 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH. Technical assistance was received from the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 87 IS 8 BP 712 EP 717 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4561.2016 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DY2KD UT WOS:000384920600005 PM 27634606 ER PT J AU Kalyanam, K Pachter, M Patzek, M Rothwell, C Darbha, S AF Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy Pachter, Meir Patzek, Michael Rothwell, Clayton Darbha, Swaroop TI Optimal Human-Machine Teaming for a Sequential Inspection Operation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Confusion matrix; human-machine teaming; sequential inspection; stochastic optimal control ID CLASSIFICATION; RECOGNITION; ENVIRONMENT; PERCEPTION; MODEL AB Anovelmixed initiative optimal control system for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) operations which entails human-machine teaming has been developed. The scenario entails a camera-equipped unmanned air vehicle sequentially over-flying geolocated objects of interest, which need to be classified as either a true or false target by a human operator. The vehicle is allowed a prespecified number of revisits, such that an object can be looked at, a second time, under better viewing conditions. The overarching goal is to correctly classify the objects and minimize the false alarm (FA) and missed detection (MD) rates. We design a stochastic controller that computes if and when a revisit is necessary and also the optimal revisit state, i.e., viewing altitude and aspect angle. The concept of operation is such that the critical task of detection/pattern recognition is relegated to the human operator, whereas optimal decision making is entrusted to the machine. The stochastic dynamic programming-based decision algorithm is, however, informed about the performance of the human operator via an empirical human perception model. The model is experimentally obtained in the form of state-dependent confusion matrices. The optimal closed-loop ISR system is shown to experimentally achieve a FA rate of 5% and MD rate of 12%, which are significantly lower than the open-loop operator-only performance metrics. The performance improvements that were observed are relevant to a particular operator, and thus, the study suggests that the same improvements could conceivably be achieved with other test subjects. C1 [Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy; Rothwell, Clayton] InfoSciTex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Kalyanam, Krishnamoorthy; Rothwell, Clayton] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Pachter, Meir] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Patzek, Michael] Air Force Res Lab, Supervisory Control & Cognit Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Darbha, Swaroop] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. RP Kalyanam, K; Rothwell, C (reprint author), InfoSciTex Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.; Kalyanam, K; Rothwell, C (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Pachter, M (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Patzek, M (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Supervisory Control & Cognit Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Darbha, S (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. EM krishnak@ucla.edu; meir.pachter@afit.edu; michael.patzek@us.af.mil; Clayton.Rothwell@WPAFB.AF.MIL; dswaroop@tamu.edu NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2168-2291 EI 2168-2305 J9 IEEE T HUM-MACH SYST JI IEEE T. Hum.-Mach. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 46 IS 4 BP 557 EP 568 DI 10.1109/THMS.2016.2519603 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Computer Science GA DX3NL UT WOS:000384279700007 ER PT J AU Wenndt, SJ AF Wenndt, Stanley J. TI Human recognition of familiar voices SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HUMAN AUDITORY-CORTEX; SPEAKER RECOGNITION; HEARING-LOSS; SPEECH; IDENTIFICATION; PARAMETERS; PATTERNS; VOWEL; DISCRIMINATION; PRESBYCUSIS AB Recognizing familiar voices is something we do every day. In quiet environments, it is usually easy to recognize a familiar voice. In noisier environments, this can become a difficult task. This paper examines how robust listeners are at identifying familiar voices in noisy, changing environments and what factors may affect their recognition rates. While there is previous research addressing familiar speaker recognition, the research is limited due to the difficulty in obtaining appropriate data that eliminates speaker dependent traits, such as word choice, along with having corresponding listeners who are familiar with the speakers. The data used in this study were collected in such a fashion to mimic conversational, free-flow dialogue, but in a way to eliminate many variables such as word choice, intonation, or non-verbal cues. These data provide some of the most realistic test scenarios to-date for familiar speaker identification. A pure-tone hearing test was used to separate listeners into normal hearing and hearing impaired groups. It is hypothesized that the results of the Normal Hearing Group will be statistically better. Additionally, the aspect of familiar speaker recognition is addressed by having each listener rate his or her familiarity with each speaker. Two statistical approaches showed that the more familiar a listener is with a speaker, the more likely the listener will recognize the speaker. C1 [Wenndt, Stanley J.] Air Force Res Lab, 525 Brooks Rd, Rome, NY 13441 USA. RP Wenndt, SJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, 525 Brooks Rd, Rome, NY 13441 USA. EM wenndts@gmail.com NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 140 IS 2 BP 1172 EP 1183 DI 10.1121/1.4958682 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DW8OT UT WOS:000383916100050 PM 27586746 ER PT J AU Steele, LM Johnson, JF Watts, LL MacDougall, AE Mumford, MD Connelly, S Williams, THL AF Steele, Logan M. Johnson, James F. Watts, Logan L. MacDougall, Alexandra E. Mumford, Michael D. Connelly, Shane Williams, T. H. Lee TI A Comparison of the Effects of Ethics Training on International and US Students SO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS LA English DT Article DE Ethical decision-making; Nationality; Moral judgment; RCR; Ethics training ID DECISION-MAKING DIFFERENCES; SENSEMAKING APPROACH; RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT; BUSINESS STUDENTS; MORAL JUDGMENT; UNITED-STATES; INSTRUCTION; PERCEPTION; SCIENCES; CULTURE AB As scientific and engineering efforts become increasingly global in nature, the need to understand differences in perceptions of research ethics issues across countries and cultures is imperative. However, investigations into the connection between nationality and ethical decision-making in the sciences have largely generated mixed results. In Study 1 of this paper, a measure of biases and compensatory strategies that could influence ethical decisions was administered. Results from this study indicated that graduate students from the United States and international graduate students studying in the US are prone to different biases. Based on these findings, recommendations are made for developing ethics education interventions to target these decision-making biases. In Study 2, we employed an ethics training intervention based on ethical sensemaking and used a well-established measure of ethical decision-making that more fully captures the content of ethical judgment. Similar to Study 1, the results obtained in this study suggest differences do exist between graduate students from the US and international graduate students in ethical decision-making prior to taking the research ethics training. However, similar effects were observed for both groups following the completion of the ethics training intervention. C1 [Steele, Logan M.; Watts, Logan L.; Mumford, Michael D.; Connelly, Shane] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Psychol, Ctr Appl Social Res, 5 Partners Pl,201 Stephenson Pkwy,Suite 4100, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Johnson, James F.] US Air Force, Strateg Res & Assessment Branch, Norman, OK USA. [MacDougall, Alexandra E.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Management, Coll Business Adm, 200 Smith Hall, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Williams, T. H. Lee] Univ Oklahoma, Grad Coll, Robertson Hall,731 Elm Ave, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Steele, LM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Psychol, Ctr Appl Social Res, 5 Partners Pl,201 Stephenson Pkwy,Suite 4100, Norman, OK 73072 USA. EM lmsteele@ou.edu; jamesfjohn@gmail.com; logan.l.watts@ou.edu; macdo3ae@cmich.edu; mmumford@ou.edu; sconnelly@ou.edu; lwilliams@ou.edu OI Steele, Logan/0000-0002-1377-3147 FU National Science Foundation [1135345] FX This research is the result of a partnership with Council of Graduate Schools and their initiative "Modeling effective research ethics education in graduate international collaborations.'' The award is made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation (#1135345). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1353-3452 EI 1471-5546 J9 SCI ENG ETHICS JI Sci. Eng. Ethics PD AUG PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1217 EP 1244 DI 10.1007/s11948-015-9678-5 PG 28 WC Ethics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; History & Philosophy Of Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Philosophy GA DU3TE UT WOS:000382134300015 PM 26156891 ER PT J AU Torres, D Wang, TY Zhang, J Zhang, XY Dooley, S Tan, XB Xie, HK Sepulveda, N AF Torres, David Wang, Tongyu Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xiaoyang Dooley, Sarah Tan, Xiaobo Xie, Huikai Sepulveda, Nelson TI VO2-Based MEMS Mirrors SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-mirrors; vanadium dioxide; phase-change materials ID OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; PHASED-ARRAY APPLICATIONS; HIGH-FILL-FACTOR; VANADIUM DIOXIDE; PROJECTION DISPLAY; THIN-FILM; TRANSITION; DRIVEN; MICROACTUATORS; MICROSCANNER AB This paper reports the integration of vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films in a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror device, where the actuation is mainly due to the solid-solid phase transition of VO2. The fabrication process described in this paper provides the details that will enable the integration of VO2 thin films at any step during the fabrication of rather complex MEMS devices. The present VO2-based MEMS mirror device is operated electro-thermally through integrated resistive heaters, and its behavior is characterized across the phase transition of VO2, which occurs at a temperature of similar to 68 degrees C and spans about 10 degrees C. The maximum vertical displacement of the mirror platform is 75 mu m and it occurs for an input voltage of 1.1 V. This translates to an average power consumption of 6.5 mW per mirror actuator and a total power consumption of 26.1 mW for the entire device. The studies included in this paper are key for future device improvements and further development of MEMS mirror actuation technology, which could include the use of the hysteresis of VO2 for programming tilting angles in MEMS mirrors. [2016-0016] C1 [Torres, David; Wang, Tongyu; Tan, Xiaobo; Sepulveda, Nelson] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48840 USA. [Zhang, Jun] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Zhang, Xiaoyang; Xie, Huikai] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Dooley, Sarah] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Torres, D (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48840 USA. EM torresd5@egr.msu.edu; wangton3@msu.edu; j5zhang@ucsd.edu; xzhang292@ufl.edu; sarah.dooley@us.af.mil; xbtan@egr.msu.edu; hkxie@ece.ufl.edu; nelsons@egr.msu.edu RI Sepulveda, Nelson/E-6536-2011 OI Sepulveda, Nelson/0000-0002-9676-8529 FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 1301243, ECCS 1306311]; Device Development Cooperative Research and Development Agreement within the Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate; Michigan State University [15-075-RY-01] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CMMI 1301243 and Grant ECCS 1306311, and in part by the Device Development Cooperative Research and Development Agreement within the Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate and Michigan State University under Grant 15-075-RY-01. Subject Editor C. Hierold. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 EI 1941-0158 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 IS 4 BP 780 EP 787 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2016.2562609 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DT4FZ UT WOS:000381436900023 ER PT J AU Cao, W Zhang, F Chen, SL Zhang, C Zhu, J Semiatin, SL Tiley, JS AF Cao, W. Zhang, F. Chen, S. -L. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. Semiatin, S. L. Tiley, J. S. TI Precipitation Modeling of Multi-Component Nickel-Based Alloys SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION LA English DT Article DE alloy design; integrated computational materials engineering; materials informatics; nickel-based alloys; precipitation modeling ID CLUSTER-SITE APPROXIMATION; PHASE-DIAGRAM CALCULATION; NI-AL SYSTEM; PANDAT SOFTWARE; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; KINETICS; NUCLEATION; GROWTH; SUPERALLOYS AB Computer aided materials design is of increasingly importance and interest because the conventional approach solely relying on experimentation is no longer viable within the constraint of available resources. The CALPHAD approach, which emerged first as an approach for the calculation of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of complex multi-component, multi-phase systems, has in recent years been applied to a broader field of materials science and engineering beyond phase diagrams, such as solidification, coating, joining, and phase transformation. This approach, therefore, plays an important role in modern materials design in the framework of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering. In this study, we present a modeling approach that integrates thermodynamic calculation and kinetic simulation to simulate the precipitation kinetics of multi-component alloys. Its applications will be demonstrated by the studies of a number of nickel-based alloys. C1 [Cao, W.; Zhang, F.; Chen, S. -L.; Zhang, C.; Zhu, J.] 8401 Greenway Blvd,Suite 248, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Semiatin, S. L.; Tiley, J. S.] AFRL RXCM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directory, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Zhang, F (reprint author), 8401 Greenway Blvd,Suite 248, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM Fan.Zhang@computherm.com RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 FU US Air Force through the SBIR [FA8650-04-M-5208, FA8650-05-C-5202] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of US Air Force through the SBIR Phase I and Phase II contracts: FA8650-04-M-5208 and FA8650-05-C-5202. We would especially like to thank Dr. Jeff Simmons and his colleagues of the AFRL at Wright-Patterson for their continuing interest in this work. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1547-7037 EI 1863-7345 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 37 IS 4 SI SI BP 491 EP 502 DI 10.1007/s11669-016-0481-z PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DT4LS UT WOS:000381453200011 ER PT J AU Kanel, SR Misak, H Nepal, D Mall, S Brittle, SW Sizemore, I Kempisty, DM Goltz, MN AF Kanel, Sushil R. Misak, Heath Nepal, Dhriti Mall, Shankar Brittle, Seth W. Sizemore, Ioana Kempisty, David M. Goltz, Mark N. TI The use of carbon nanotube yarn as a filter medium to treat nitroaromatic-contaminated water SO NEW CARBON MATERIALS LA Chinese DT Article DE Carbon nanotube yarn; 2,4-dinitrotoluene; Adsorption; Freundlich isotherm; Emerging technology ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVATED CARBON; REMOVAL; IRON; THERMODYNAMICS; ARSENIC(III); GROUNDWATER; PERFORMANCE; ADSORPTION; KINETICS AB Carbon nanotube yarn (CNTY) is a promising material for the removal of organic contaminants from aqueous waste streams owing to its extraordinary mechanical strength, chemical stability, thermal stability and high surface area. CNTY was used to treat water contaminated with a model nitroaromatic compound, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). The isotherms and kinetics of DNT adsorption onto CNTY were investigated. The adsorption capacities of DNT were compared with the literature valueS of alternative sorbents. SEM-EDX, HR-TEM, Raman spectroscopy and XPS were used to characterize the size, surface morphology and surface chemistry of the CNTY before and after DNT adsorption. Results indicate that adsorption isotherm of DNT onto CNTY could be fitted by the Freundlich isotherm with a Freundlich constant, K-F, of 55.0 mg/g (L/mg)(1/n) and a Freundlich exponent, 1/n, of 0.737. Adsorption kinetics can be formulated by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. This study demonstrates the ability of CNTY to remove organic contaminants from water. C1 [Kanel, Sushil R.; Kempisty, David M.; Goltz, Mark N.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Misak, Heath; Mall, Shankar] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Nepal, Dhriti] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Brittle, Seth W.; Sizemore, Ioana] Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, 3640 Colonel Glen Highway, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Kempisty, DM (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM david.kempisty@afit.edu FU Department of Defense ' s Environmental Restoration Account FX This research was supported by the Department of Defense ' s Environmental Restoration Account. The authors acknowledge Dr. Daniel Felker for his help in GC/MS analysis and gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance efforts of research assistant Tala Ebrahimian. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-8827 J9 NEW CARBON MATER JI New Carbon Mater. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 415 EP 423 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DU9BX UT WOS:000382512300007 ER PT J AU Kahler, SW Arge, CN Smith, DA AF Kahler, S. W. Arge, C. N. Smith, D. A. TI Using the WSA Model to Test the Parker Spiral Approximation for SEP Event Magnetic Connections SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Energetic particles; Acceleration, magnetic fields; Models, coronal mass ejections; Low coronal signatures ID SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLES; 2013 APRIL 11; CORONAL HOLES; LONGITUDINAL DEPENDENCE; PEAK INTENSITIES; SOURCE REGIONS; FLUX TUBES; FIELD; WIND; PROPAGATION AB In studies of solar energetic (E > 10 MeV) particle (SEP) events the Parker spiral (PS) field approximation, based only on the measured 1 AU solar wind (SW) speed V sw, is nearly always used to determine the coronal or photospheric source locations of the 1 AU magnetic fields. There is no objective way to validate that approximation, but here we seek guidelines for optimizing its application. We first review recent SEP studies showing the extensive use of the PS approximation with various assumptions about coronal and photospheric source fields. We then run the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) model over selected Carrington rotations (CRs) to track both the photospheric and 5 R-circle dot source locations of the forecasted 1 AU SW, allowing us to compare those WSA sources with the PS sources inferred from the WSA V sw forecast. We compile statistics of the longitude differences (WSA-PS) for all the CRs and discuss the limitations of using the WSA model to validate the PS approximation. Over nearly all of each CR the PS and WSA source longitudes agree to within several degrees. The agreement is poor only in the slow-fast SW interaction regions characterized by high-speed events (HSEs), where the longitude differences can reach several tens of degrees. This result implies that SEP studies should limit use of the PS approximation around HSEs and use magnetic field polarities as an additional check of solar source connections. C1 [Kahler, S. W.; Arge, C. N.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Smith, D. A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM stephen.kahler@kirtland.af.mil; nick.arge@kirtland.af.mil FU AFOSR Task [2301RDZ4] FX SWK was funded by AFOSR Task 2301RDZ4. DAS was an AFRL Summer Space Scholar. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 291 IS 6 BP 1829 EP 1852 DI 10.1007/s11207-016-0934-x PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU3EP UT WOS:000382093900014 ER PT J AU Busa, KM Rice, BE McDaniel, JC Goyne, CP Rockwell, RD Fulton, JA Edwards, JR Diskin, GS AF Busa, Kristin M. Rice, Brian E. McDaniel, James C. Goyne, Christopher P. Rockwell, Robert D. Fulton, Jesse A. Edwards, Jack R. Diskin, Glenn S. TI Scramjet Combustion Efficiency Measurement via Tomographic Absorption Spectroscopy and Particle Image Velocimetry SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DUAL-MODE SCRAMJET; DIODE-LASER ABSORPTION; PERFORMANCE AB The combustion efficiency of a scramjet is a metric that evaluates the overall performance of the engine. Until recently, combustion efficiency was measured using indirect approaches such as a one-dimensional control volume calculation or a calorimeter and wall pressure tap measurements. A novel nonintrusive direct approach for the measurement of combustion efficiency is presented that combines the optical diagnostic techniques tunable diode laser absorption tomography and stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. Experimental results are presented for measurements of the University of Virginia's Supersonic Combustion Facility in both the scram and ram-modes of operation. The tunablediode-laser-absorption-tomography/stereoscopic-particle-image-velocimetry method directly measures the converted hydrogen (via water vapor) mass flow rate exiting the dual-mode scramjet and compares this to the facility-measured injected hydrogen fuel mass flow rate. A complementary computational fluid dynamics study was performed and results are available for the scram-mode operating condition. The results reported show excellent agreement between the tunable-diode-laser-absorption-tomography/stereoscopic-particle-image-velocimetry-measured combustion efficiency and the computational-fluid-dynamics-predicted combustion efficiency for the scram-mode of operation, which are both near 99%. The tunable-diode-laser-absorption-tomography/stereoscopic-particle-image-velocimetry-measured combustion efficiency for the ram-mode of operation is shown to be lower than that of the scram-mode operation: at 79%. C1 [Busa, Kristin M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, High Speed Syst Div, AFRL RQHF, 2130 Eighth Street, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rice, Brian E.] US Air Force, Res Lab, AFRL RQHX, High Speed Syst Div, 676 Second Street, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. [McDaniel, James C.; Goyne, Christopher P.; Rockwell, Robert D.] Univ Virginia, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Fulton, Jesse A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Aerosp Syst Anal, Mail Stop 1162,1515 Eubank, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Edwards, Jack R.] North Carolina State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Diskin, Glenn S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Chem & Dynam Branch, Mail Stop 483, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Busa, KM (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, High Speed Syst Div, AFRL RQHF, 2130 Eighth Street, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. FU National Center for Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion grant [FA9550-09-1-0611]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; NASA [NNL11AB32P]; National Science Foundation FX This research was supported by the National Center for Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion grant FA9550-09-1-0611, which was supported by NASA and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Richard Gaffney, Aaron Auslender, and Chiping Li as Technical Monitors); and by NASA contract NNL11AB32P (Richard Gaffney as Technical Monitor). K.M. Busa would like to acknowledge fellowship support from the National Science Foundation. The authors also thank Roger Reynolds for operation of the University of Virginia's Supersonic Combustion Facility and fabrication of the tunable diode laser absorption tomography hardware. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 2463 EP 2471 DI 10.2514/1.J054662 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DT2EI UT WOS:000381293200021 ER PT J AU Seviour, R Shiffler, D Jelonnek, J Grabowski, C Hemmady, S Ang, RLK AF Seviour, Rebecca Shiffler, Don Jelonnek, John Grabowski, Chris Hemmady, Sameer Ang, Ricky L. K. TI The Sixteenth Special Issue on High-Power Microwave Generation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Seviour, Rebecca] Univ Huddersfield, Sch Engn, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, W Yorkshire, England. [Shiffler, Don] Air Force Res Lab, High Power Microwave Div, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Jelonnek, John] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Pulsed Power & Microwave Technol IHM, D-76344 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Grabowski, Chris] Sandia Natl Labs, AGT Accelerator Operat, Albuquerque, NM 87190 USA. [Hemmady, Sameer] XL Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. [Ang, Ricky L. K.] Singapore Univ Technol & Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore. RP Seviour, R (reprint author), Univ Huddersfield, Sch Engn, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, W Yorkshire, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1257 EP 1257 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2593158 PN 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DU0KW UT WOS:000381893900001 ER PT J AU Jordan, NM Greening, GB Hoff, BW Maestas, SS Exelby, SC Gilgenbach, RM AF Jordan, Nicholas M. Greening, Geoffrey B. Hoff, Brad W. Maestas, Sabrina S. Exelby, Steven C. Gilgenbach, Ronald M. TI Additively Manufactured High Power Microwave Anodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 3-D printing; additive manufacturing; anodes; metallization; microwave devices; plastics ID RECIRCULATING-PLANAR-MAGNETRON; E-BEAM; DRIVEN AB Additively manufactured components were successfully fielded for the first time in a relativistic crossed-field device. Anode structures for a relativistic planar magnetron were 3-D printed from a photopolymer using a stereolithography printing process. One anode was electroplated with copper (RPM-12b), whereas the other was thermal sprayed with copper (RPM-12c). The coating thicknesses at the vane tips were approximately 0.18 and 0.23 mm, respectively. The performance and durability of these structures were evaluated in comparison with a solid aluminum anode (RPM-12a) fabricated via conventional machining. The experimental parameters were cathode voltages between -150 and -300 kV, voltage pulse lengths of 200 to 600 ns, axial magnetic fields of 0.13 to 0.31 T, peak anode currents from 1 to 7 kA, and a base operating pressure of 9 x 10(-6) torr. The 3-D printed anodes demonstrated microwave performance comparable to the aluminum anode, generating microwave powers in excess of 150 MW, with an average instantaneous peak total efficiency of 27% +/- 10%. After 100 shots on each structure, neither anode showed any signs of operationally induced damage. The anodes did, however, have a higher rate of postshot outgassing, emitting 32% and 23% more CO2 per shot, respectively. C1 [Jordan, Nicholas M.; Greening, Geoffrey B.; Exelby, Steven C.; Gilgenbach, Ronald M.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. [Hoff, Brad W.; Maestas, Sabrina S.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Jordan, NM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. EM jordann@umich.edu; geofgree@umich.edu; brad.hoff@us.af.mil; sabrina.maestas@us.af.mil; scexlb@umich.edu; rongilg@umich.edu OI Jordan, Nicholas/0000-0001-9518-4284 FU Directed Energy Professional Society; L-3 Communications Electron Devices; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-15-1-0097] FX This work was supported in part by the Directed Energy Professional Society, in part by L-3 Communications Electron Devices, and in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant FA9550-15-1-0097. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1258 EP 1264 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2565261 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DU0KW UT WOS:000381893900002 ER PT J AU Hoff, BW French, DM AF Hoff, Brad W. French, David M. TI Simulations of a Disk-on-Rod TWT Driven by an NLTL-Modulated Electron Beam SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electron beams; high power amplifiers; high power microwave generation ID TRANSMISSION-LINES; SHOCK-WAVES; AXIAL BIAS; GENERATION AB Using measured waveforms from a synchronous-wave ferrite nonlinear transmission line (NLTL), particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate the potential to emit GW-class electron beams (hundreds of kilovolts, multiple kiloamperes) with current modulations as great as 30% of the average beam current, with modulations occurring at a peak frequency equal to that of the peak NLTL output frequency. The NLTL-modulated beam is then coupled to disk-on-rod slow wave structure (SWS) simulations in which it is shown that the extractable RF generated through interaction of the modulated beam with the SWS is up to ten times greater than that directly extractable from the NLTL itself. C1 [Hoff, Brad W.; French, David M.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Hoff, BW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. EM brad.hoff@us.af.mil; dmfrenchjr@gmail.com FU High Performance Computing Modernization Program through the Department of Defense [AFDEK01314625]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant AFOSR LRIR [13RD04COR]; Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work was supported in part by the High Performance Computing Modernization Program through the Department of Defense under Grant AFDEK01314625, in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant AFOSR LRIR 13RD04COR, and in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1265 EP 1269 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2519407 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DU0KW UT WOS:000381893900003 ER PT J AU Hoff, BW French, DM AF Hoff, Brad W. French, David M. TI Particle-in-Cell Simulations of a Multiple Beam S-Band Disk-on-Rod TWT Amplifier SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electron beams; high power amplifiers; radiofrequency amplifiers; virtual prototyping AB A high-power, pulsed operation, multibeam, S-band, coaxial disk-on-rod traveling-wave-tube amplifier has been simulated. In this paper, the amplifier, having an 81-period slow wave structure, utilized six 20-A beams. For 800 W input signals at frequencies between 2 to 4 GHz, gain and bandwidth values of 21.6 dB at 8% bandwidth and 15 dB at 15% bandwidth were observed for the beam voltages of 100 and 120 kV, respectively. C1 [Hoff, Brad W.; French, David M.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Hoff, BW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. EM brad.hoff@us.af.mil; dmfrenchjr@gmail.com FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR LRIR 13RD04COR, AFOSR LRIR 16RDCOR310]; Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program [AFDEK01314625] FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant AFOSR LRIR 13RD04COR and Grant AFOSR LRIR 16RDCOR310, in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory, and in part by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program under Grant AFDEK01314625. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1287 EP 1290 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2547344 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DU0KW UT WOS:000381893900007 ER PT J AU Ashtiani, RS Pullen, AB Hammons, MI AF Ashtiani, Reza S. Pullen, Aaron B. Hammons, Michael I. TI Comparative Study of Water-Blasting Equipment for Airfield Surface Decontamination SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Runway friction; Runway rubber removal; Runway maintenance; Runway skid resistance; Airfield surface decontamination AB Runway rubber removal is a maintenance function employed to ensure safe landing areas for aviation operations. Rubber deposits accumulate on runway areas where aircraft tires touchdown and braking occurs. This tire-rubber build-up occludes pavement microtexture and macrotexture, causing a significant loss in available skid resistance during wet conditions. Reduction of available pavement microtexture in a wet environment prevents the development of adhesional friction, which can result in viscous hydroplaning. Reduction of pavement macrotexture prevents the removal of bulk water from the tire-pavement contact area and also prevents the development of the hysteresis frictional component. To restore friction to safe levels for aircraft operations, rubber must be periodically removed. Several techniques for rubber removal are available. Water-blasting is a proven surface decontamination technique which employs the use of high-pressure or ultra-high-pressure water (UHPW) to blast rubber deposits from the runway surface. This effort provides a performance-based comparison between three commercially available UHPW water-blasting systems. The evaluation was conducted on an ungrooved portland cement concrete (PCC) runway with heavy rubber contamination along the touchdown and breaking zones. Several types of testing equipment such as a circular track meter (CTM) and dynamic friction tester (DFT) were used to characterize the surface properties of the runway before and after rubber removal. The measurements were used for statistical pairwise comparative analysis of International Friction Index (IFI), speed constant and mean profile depth (MPD). Treatment effect analysis of premeasured and postmeasured data revealed that UHPW systems improved the surface texture properties by at least 40% regardless of the decontamination equipment. C1 [Ashtiani, Reza S.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Civil Engn, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79902 USA. [Pullen, Aaron B.] Appl Res Associates Inc, 104 Res Rd,Bldg 9742, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. [Hammons, Michael I.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ashtiani, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Civil Engn, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79902 USA. EM reza@utep.edu; apullen@ara.com; michael.i.hammons@usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 EI 1943-5533 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 AR 04016053 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001530 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA DS8SB UT WOS:000381052200003 ER PT J AU Grupen, M AF Grupen, Matt TI GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Simulations With Full Wave and Hot Electron Effects SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE Boltzmann equation; Delaunay; energy transport; Fermi kinetics; full wave electromagnetics (EM); GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) simulation; hot electrons; thermal physics; Voronoi ID FREQUENCY ACTIVE DEVICES; ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; OPTIMIZATION; SCATTERING; TRAPS; DC AB The Fermi kinetics transport model is combined with Maxwell's full wave vector field equations to accurately simulate a GaN high electron mobility transistor's measured behavior from dc up into the millimeter-wave frequency range. Explicitly including the GaN wurtzite crystal's electronic band structure and phonon scattering processes as well as electromagnetic wave effects, the simulator can capture the essential physics of this hot electron device and compare favorably with experiment without using adjustable fitting parameters. The simulator is further used to demonstrate how propagating waves and hot electrons are manifest in the measured data. C1 [Grupen, Matt] Air Force Res Lab, Senors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Grupen, M (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Senors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM matthew.grupen@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [LRIR 14RY10COR] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant LRIR 14RY10COR. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor A. Schenk. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD AUG PY 2016 VL 63 IS 8 BP 3096 EP 3102 DI 10.1109/TED.2016.2581591 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DS0ZE UT WOS:000380324600017 ER PT J AU Huang, YS Wu, Q Huang, CY Su, YJ AF Huang, Yanshi Wu, Qian Huang, Cheryl Y. Su, Yi-Jiun TI Thermosphere variation at different altitudes over the northern polar cap during magnetic storms SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Neutral heating; Polar cap; FPI at Resolute Bay; DMSP ID NEUTRAL DENSITY; CHAMP; TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERE; WIND AB In this study, we report observations and simulation results of heated neutrals at various altitudes inside the polar cap during two magnetic storms in January 2005. The Poynting flux measurements from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites show enhanced energy input in the polar cap during the storm main phase, which is underestimated in the TIE-GCM simulation. Neutral temperature measurements at 250 km from the ground-based Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) at Resolute Bay are presented, along with the neutral density observations at 360 km and 470 km from Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, respectively. These data have been analyzed to demonstrate the altitudinal dependence of neutral response to the storm energy input. By comparing the TIE-GCM simulation results and the observations, we demonstrate that Poynting fluxes as well as the thermosphere response were underestimated in the model. The simulated neutral temperature at Resolute Bay increases by approximately 260 degrees and 280 degrees K for the two events, respectively, much lower than the observed temperature enhancements of 750 degrees and 900 degrees K. Neutral density enhancements with more than 30% increase over the background density were also observed at polar latitudes, with no clear distinction between the auroral zone and polar cap. All measurements indicate enhancements at high latitudes poleward of 80 degrees magnetic latitude (MLAT) implying that substantial heating can occur within the polar cap during storms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Yanshi] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Huang, Yanshi] Configurable Space Microsyst Innovat & Applicat C, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Wu, Qian] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Huang, Cheryl Y.; Su, Yi-Jiun] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. RP Huang, YS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM huangys@unm.edu OI Wu, Qian/0000-0002-7508-3803 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0280, LRIR 14RV11COR]; National Science Foundation; NSF [AGS1339918]; NASA [NNX14AF93G] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Marc Hairston for providing the SSIES data of DMSP satellite, and Dr. Eric Sutton for providing the neutral density data from CHAMP and GRACE satellites. The OMNI data used in this study are available at the OMNIWeb interface (http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov). This research was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research through award FA9550-14-1-0280 and LRIR 14RV11COR. NCAR is supported by the National Science Foundation. The Resolute FPI observation and research effort are supported by NSF grant AGS1339918 and NASA grant NNX14AF93G. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 EI 1879-1824 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 146 BP 140 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2016.06.003 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DS2IN UT WOS:000380593300014 ER PT J AU Mahaffey, DW Senkov, ON Shivpuri, R Semiatin, SL AF Mahaffey, D. W. Senkov, O. N. Shivpuri, R. Semiatin, S. L. TI Effect of Process Variables on the Inertia Friction Welding of Superalloys LSHR and Mar-M247 SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NI-BASED SUPERALLOYS; IN718 AB The effect of inertia friction welding process parameters on microstructure evolution, weld plane quality, and the tensile behavior of welds between dissimilar nickel-base superalloys was established. For this purpose, the fine-grain, powder metallurgy alloy LSHR was joined to coarse-grain cast Mar-M247 using a fixed level of initial kinetic energy, but different combinations of the flywheel moment of inertia and initial rotation speed. It was found that welds made with the largest moment of inertia resulted in a sound bond with the best microstructure and room-temperature tensile strength equal to or greater than that of the parent materials. A relationship between the moment of inertia and weld process efficiency was established. The post-weld tensile behavior was interpreted in the context of observed microstructure gradients and weld-line defects. C1 [Mahaffey, D. W.] AFRL RXCM, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Semiatin, S. L.] AFRL RXCM, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Mat Proc Proc Sci, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Senkov, O. N.] AFRL RXCM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Senkov, O. N.] UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH USA. [Shivpuri, R.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Engn, Integrated Syst Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Mahaffey, DW (reprint author), AFRL RXCM, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM David.Mahaffey.2@us.af.mil RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 FU Air Force on-site contract [FA8650- 10-D-5226] FX Inertia friction welding was conducted at the Edison Welding Institute, Columbus, Ohio. The authors thank Mr. D. Workman (EWI) for welding assistance. The authors also thank Scientific Forming Technologies Corporation for providing the DEFORM finite element software used in this effort. ONS acknowledges the financial support through the Air Force on-site contract FA8650- 10-D-5226 conducted by UES, Inc., Dayton, OH. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 47A IS 8 BP 3981 EP 4000 DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3600-x PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DQ8XJ UT WOS:000379494700021 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Wen, LH Naboulsi, S Eason, T Vasudevan, VK Qian, D AF Zhang, Rui Wen, Lihua Naboulsi, Sam Eason, Thomas Vasudevan, Vijay K. Qian, Dong TI Accelerated multiscale space-time finite element simulation and application to high cycle fatigue life prediction SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Space-time finite element method; Enrichment; High cycle fatigue; Two-scale damage model; GPU computing ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS; ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS; ELASTODYNAMICS; FORMULATION AB A multiscale space-time finite element method based on time-discontinuous Galerkin and enrichment approach is presented in this work with a focus on improving the computational efficiencies for high cycle fatigue simulations. While the robustness of the TDG-based space-time method has been extensively demonstrated, a critical barrier for the extensive application is the large computational cost due to the additional temporal dimension and enrichment that are introduced. The present implementation focuses on two aspects: firstly, a preconditioned iterative solver is developed along with techniques for optimizing the matrix storage and operations. Secondly, parallel algorithms based on multi-core graphics processing unit are established to accelerate the progressive damage model implementation. It is shown that the computing time and memory from the accelerated space-time implementation scale with the number of degree of freedom N through similar to O(N-1.6) and similar to O(N), respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the accelerated space-time FEM simulation through benchmark problems. C1 [Zhang, Rui; Wen, Lihua] Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Astronaut, Xian 710072, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Rui; Qian, Dong] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mech Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Naboulsi, Sam] Engility Corp, Reston, VA 20191 USA. [Naboulsi, Sam] AFRL DSRC, DoD HPCMPO PETTT Program, Fairborn, OH 45433 USA. [Eason, Thomas] AFRL, Air Vehicles Directorate, Fairborn, OH 45433 USA. [Vasudevan, Vijay K.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Qian, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mech Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM dong.qian@utdallas.edu RI Qian, Dong/B-2326-2008 OI Qian, Dong/0000-0001-9367-0924 FU State Scholarship Fund (China) [201406290125]; University of Texas at Dallas; National Science Foundation [DMR-0706161, CMMI-1335204, 1334538] FX The work of R. Zhang is supported by the State Scholarship Fund (China) under grant No. 201406290125 and the University of Texas at Dallas, which are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also would like to thank the National Science Foundation (grant # DMR-0706161, CMMI-1335204, 1334538) for financial support of this research. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-7675 EI 1432-0924 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 329 EP 349 DI 10.1007/s00466-016-1296-9 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA DQ6NR UT WOS:000379322400008 ER PT J AU LeCroy, GE Yang, ST Yang, F Liu, YM Fernando, KAS Bunker, CE Hu, Y Luo, PG Sun, YP AF LeCroy, Gregory E. Yang, Sheng-Tao Yang, Fan Liu, Yamin Fernando, K. A. Shirai Bunker, Christopher E. Hu, Yin Luo, Pengju G. Sun, Ya-Ping TI Functionalized carbon nanoparticles: Syntheses and applications in optical bioimaging and energy conversion SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Functionalized nanoparticles; Carbon dots; Fluorescence; Optical imaging; Charge transfer; Energy conversion ID GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS; PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; FEATURING EFFICIENT FRET; ECO-FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; VISIBLE-LIGHT; IN-VIVO; CANCER-CELLS; SENSITIVE DETECTION AB Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are known for their unique optical properties. In recent years, carbon nanomaterials of surface and/or structural defects have been found to exhibit similar properties after functionalization in various schemes. Among these carbon-based QDs are carbon dots, which are generally defined as small carbon nanoparticles with surface passivation. In fact, carbon dots now represent a rapidly advancing and expanding research field. As measured by the optical properties of carbon dots, the most effective passivation has been the surface functionalization of carbon nanoparticles with organic or polymeric molecules, corresponding to much brighter fluorescence emissions across the visible spectrum and extending into the near-IR. Therefore, carbon dots have been pursued extensively for potential bioimaging and other biomedical applications. The mechanistic framework for carbon dots includes photoinduced redox processes, similar to those found in conventional semiconductor QDs. As a result, carbon dots have also been pursued for their photocatalytic functions. In this article on surface-functionalized carbon nanoparticles or carbon dots, their representative syntheses and demonstrated properties and their potential uses as high-performance yet nontoxic fluorescence probes for bioimaging in vitro and in vivo are highlighted, so is their serving as potent photocatalysts in energy conversion applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [LeCroy, Gregory E.; Yang, Fan; Liu, Yamin; Hu, Yin; Luo, Pengju G.; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [LeCroy, Gregory E.; Yang, Fan; Liu, Yamin; Hu, Yin; Luo, Pengju G.; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yang, Sheng-Tao] Southwest Univ Nationalities, Coll Chem & Environm Protect Engn, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Fernando, K. A. Shirai] Univ Dayton Res Inst, Sensors Technol Off, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Bunker, Christopher E.] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Yang, ST (reprint author), Southwest Univ Nationalities, Coll Chem & Environm Protect Engn, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.; Bunker, CE (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM yangst@pku.edu.cn; christopher.bunker@wpafb.af.mil; syaping@clemson.edu RI Hu, Yin/A-2557-2017; OI Hu, Yin/0000-0003-2090-1845; Yang, Sheng-Tao/0000-0001-6795-8879 FU NIH [R15GM114752]; Topnotch Young Talents Program of China; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory FX Financial supports from NIH (R15GM114752, Y.-P.S.), the Topnotch Young Talents Program of China (S.-T.Y.), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through Dr. Michael Berman (C.E.B.) and Dr. Charles Lee (Y.-P.S.), and the Air Force Research Laboratory (C.E.B.) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 162 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 84 U2 161 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 EI 1873-3840 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 320 SI SI BP 66 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.02.017 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA DQ3IT UT WOS:000379096700006 ER PT J AU Jensen, JK Welk, BA Williams, REA Sosa, JM Huber, DE Senkov, ON Viswanathan, GB Fraser, HL AF Jensen, J. K. Welk, B. A. Williams, R. E. A. Sosa, J. M. Huber, D. E. Senkov, O. N. Viswanathan, G. B. Fraser, H. L. TI Characterization of the microstructure of the compositionally complex alloy Al1Mo0.5Nb1Ta0.5Ti1Zr1 SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE High entropy alloys; High resolution electron microscopy; Electron tomography; Phase transformations; Ordered compounds ID HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOY; ALUMINUM; ELEMENTS; SYSTEM AB Electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, and tomographic reconstructions were used to characterize a high entropy alloy predominantly composed of refractory elements. The intragranular microstructure was found to consist of a periodic two phase mixture, where a disordered bcc phase is aligned orthogonally in an ordered B2 phase. The phases were found to exhibit continuous lattice registry and an orientation relationship given by < 100 >(bcc)//< 100 >(B2), {001}(bcc)//{001}(B2). X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to determine the compositions of the phases, and spectral images were used in the tomographic reconstruction of the alloy to reveal the morphology and the elemental partitioning between phases. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jensen, J. K.; Welk, B. A.; Sosa, J. M.; Huber, D. E.; Viswanathan, G. B.; Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Accelerated Maturat Mat, 1305 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Williams, R. E. A.; Huber, D. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Electron Microscopy & Anal, 1305 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Senkov, O. N.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson Afb, OH 45433 USA. RP Fraser, HL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, CAMM, 1305 Kinnear Rd,Suite 100, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. EM fraser.3@osu.edu FU Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute (DAGSI) program of the State of Ohio; Air Force Research Laboratory [RX0(1)-OSU-13-4]; Air Force on-site [FA8650-15-D-5230] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute (DAGSI) program of the State of Ohio and the Air Force Research Laboratory, under program number RX0(1)-OSU-13-4. Work by ONS was supported through the Air Force on-site contract No. FA8650-15-D-5230 conducted by UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.04.017 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DP7EB UT WOS:000378660900001 ER PT J AU Paranjape, K Leite, GB Hallenbeck, PC AF Paranjape, Kiran Leite, Gustavo B. Hallenbeck, Patrick C. TI Effect of nitrogen regime on microalgal lipid production during mixotrophic growth with glycerol SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microalgae; Mixotrophic growth; Lipid production; Biofuels; Nitrogen limitation ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; CHLORELLA-VULGARIS; ALGAL BIOFUELS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL ACCUMULATION; SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; CARBON-SOURCES; CULTIVATION; STARVATION; CHALLENGES AB Mixotrophic growth of microalgae to boost lipid production is currently under active investigation. Such a process could be of practical importance if a cheap source of organic carbon, such as waste glycerol from biodiesel production, could be used. Several previous studies have already demonstrated that this carbon source can be used by different indigenous strains of microalgae. In this study it is shown that different nitrogen limitation strategies can be applied to further increase lipid production during growth with glycerol. In one strategy, cultures were grown in nitrogen replete medium and then resuspended in nitrogen free medium. In a second strategy, cultures were grown with different initial concentrations of nitrate. Lipid production by the two microalgal strains used, Chlorella sorokiniana (PCH02) and Chlorella vulgaris (PCH05), was shown to be boosted by strategies of nitrogen limitation, but they responded differently to how nitrogen limitation was imposed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paranjape, Kiran; Leite, Gustavo B.; Hallenbeck, Patrick C.] Univ Montreal, Dept Microbiol Infectiol & Immunol, CP6128 Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Hallenbeck, Patrick C.] US Air Force Acad, Dept Biol, Life Sci Res Ctr, 2355 Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Hallenbeck, PC (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Dept Microbiol Infectiol & Immunol, CP6128 Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM patrick.hallenbeck@umontreal.ca RI Leite, Gustavo/B-7382-2014 OI Leite, Gustavo/0000-0002-7181-1236 FU FQRNT (Le Fonds Quebecois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies); Programme de recherche en partenariat contribuant a la sequestration des gaz a effet de serre [2011-GZ-141307]; Bioremediation d'effluents industriel provenant de l'industrie des biocarburants via la culture de biomasse algae mixotrophe [24198]; Bio-oil Recovery & CO2 Recycling by Waste Stream Enhanced Microalgal Growth & Low Energy CO2-Related Extraction [CRSNG-STPGP 447266-13] FX This research was supported by a grant from FQRNT (Le Fonds Quebecois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies), Programme de recherche en partenariat contribuant a la sequestration des gaz a effet de serre (2011-GZ-141307) to P.C.H. and by Bioremediation d'effluents industriel provenant de l'industrie des biocarburants via la culture de biomasse algae mixotrophe (Numero de reference: 24198) and CRSNG-STPGP 447266-13 Bio-oil Recovery & CO2 Recycling by Waste Stream Enhanced Microalgal Growth & Low Energy CO2-Related Extraction. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 214 BP 778 EP 786 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.020 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA DN8YW UT WOS:000377366900098 PM 27220067 ER PT J AU Mani, V Gunasekaran, A Papadopoulos, T Hazen, B Dubey, R AF Mani, Venkatesh Gunasekaran, Angappa Papadopoulos, Thanos Hazen, Benjamin Dubey, Rameshwar TI Supply chain social sustainability for developing nations: Evidence from India SO RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING LA English DT Article DE Social sustainability; Supply chain sustainability; Developing nations; Qualitative research ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; FOOD-INDUSTRY; RESPONSIBILITY; MANAGEMENT; PERFORMANCE; FRAMEWORK; STRATEGIES; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; ISSUES AB Economic, environmental and social aspects of sustainability have been shown to span beyond organizational boundaries, indicating the importance of managing sustainability initiatives across the supply chain. Although scholars and practitioners focus a great deal of attention toward economic and environmental sustainability in supply chains, less attention is paid to social aspects. This is unfortunate, because social sustainability not only plays an important role in enabling other sustainability initiatives, but social injustices in one echelon of a supply chain can lead to significant losses for firms across the chain. Social issues have been especially problematic in developing nations, where abusive labor practices continue to negatively affect trading partners. This research seeks to disambiguate supply chain social sustainability in developing nations by uncovering relevant dimensions of social sustainability and resultant outcomes. Using semi-structured interview data collected from supply chain executives in Indian manufacturing companies, this research uncovers dimensions of social sustainability in terms of not only the focal firm, but also first-tier suppliers and customers. Each of these dimensions is then associated to potential performance outcomes. The findings not only provide a baseline for future research, but help practitioners understand where to focus their attention to enhance social sustainability in their supply chains. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mani, Venkatesh] SIT, Post Grad Dept Management Studies PGDMS & RC, Bangalore 572103, Karnataka, India. [Gunasekaran, Angappa] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Charlton Coll Business, Dept Decis & Informat Sci, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Papadopoulos, Thanos] Univ Kent, Kent Business Sch, Canterbury ME4 4TE, Kent, England. [Hazen, Benjamin] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, 2950Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Dubey, Rameshwar] Constituent Symbiosis Int Univ, Symbiosis Inst Operat Management, Shravan Sect, CIDCO, Plot A-23, New Nashik 422008, India. RP Gunasekaran, A (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Charlton Coll Business, Dept Decis & Informat Sci, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM maniv.iitr@gmail.com; agunasekaran@umassd.edu; A.Papadopoulos@kent.ac.uk; benjamin.hazen@live.com; rameshwardubey@gmail.com RI Venkatesh, Mani/Q-1842-2016; Dubey, Rameshwar/M-2648-2016 OI Venkatesh, Mani/0000-0001-5291-6115; Dubey, Rameshwar/0000-0002-3913-030X NR 81 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-3449 EI 1879-0658 J9 RESOUR CONSERV RECY JI Resour. Conserv. Recycl. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 111 BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.04.003 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DN8DY UT WOS:000377310600004 ER PT J AU Bihl, TJ Bauer, KW Temple, MA AF Bihl, Trevor J. Bauer, Kenneth W., Jr. Temple, Michael A. TI Feature Selection for RF Fingerprinting With Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Using ZigBee Device Emissions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Classification; dimensional reduction; discriminant analysis; feature selection; F-statistic; Kolmogorov-Smirnov; loadings; multiple discriminant analysis; network security; physical layer; RF-DNA; verification; Wilk's Lambda; ZigBee ID DETECTION ALGORITHM; PHASE; NOISE; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLITUDE; SECURITY; LAYER AB The proliferation of low-cost IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee wireless devices in critical infrastructure applications presents security challenges. Network security commonly relies on bit-level credentials that are easily replicated and exploited by hackers. Unauthorized access can be mitigated by physical layer (PHY) security measures that exploit device-dependent emission characteristics that are sufficiently unique to discriminate devices. RF distinct native attribute (RF-DNA) fingerprinting is a PHY-based security measure, which computes statistical features extracted from such device emissions. However, the RF-DNA fingerprints can be numerous, correlated, and noisy, therefore, a dimensional reduction analysis (DRA) via feature selection is, therefore, of interest. Device classification with DRA feature subsets is evaluated using a multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) classifier. Determining feature relevance from MDA was generally dismissed in prior RF fingerprinting work and is seldom considered in other applications. Here, the MDA feature relevance is revisited using a proposed eigen-based MDA loadings fusion (MLF) methodology. The MDA classification models are adopted and used to assess device identification (ID) classification and verification performance for both the authorized and unauthorized (rogue) devices using a claimed versus actual biometric methodology. Performance is compared for six DRA methods using: 1) a two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; 2) one-way analysis of variance F-test statistics; 3) a Wilk's lambda ratio; 4) generalized relevance learning vector quantized-improved relevance; 5) randomly selected; and 6) the proposed MLF method. Quantitative and qualitative dimensionality assessment methods are compared and contrasted to establish upper bounds on the number of retained features. Experimentally collected ZigBee emissions are considered and ZigBee device classification and ID verification performance using DRA subsets are compared with a full-dimensional feature set. Results show that DRA via the proposed MLF method is superior and more robust than competing methods. C1 [Bihl, Trevor J.; Bauer, Kenneth W., Jr.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Temple, Michael A.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bihl, TJ; Bauer, KW (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Temple, MA (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM trevor.bihl@afit.edu; kenneth.bauer@afit.edu; michael.temple@afit.edu OI Bihl, Trevor/0000-0003-2431-2749 FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate FX This work was supported by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Walid Saad. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1556-6013 EI 1556-6021 J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1862 EP 1874 DI 10.1109/TIFS.2016.2561902 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DN5NA UT WOS:000377114600018 ER PT J AU Hause, ML Prince, BD Bemish, RJ AF Hause, Michael L. Prince, Benjamin D. Bemish, Raymond J. TI Integral cross section measurements and product recoil velocity distributions of Xe2+ + N-2 hyperthermal charge-transfer collisions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER-REACTIONS; ION-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; STATE-TO-STATE; ENERGIES; EXCITATION; RESONANCE; EXCHANGE; N-2; HE+; N2 AB Charge exchange from doubly charged rare gas cations to simple diatomics proceeds with a large cross section and results in populations of many vibrational and electronic product states. The charge exchange between Xe2+ and N-2, in particular, is known to create N-2(+) in both the A and B electronic states. In this work, we present integral charge exchange cross section measurements of the Xe2+ + N-2 reaction as well as axial recoil velocity distributions of the Xe+ and N-2(+) product ions for collision energies between 0.3 and 100 eV in the center-of-mass (COM) frame. Total charge-exchange cross sections decrease from 70 angstrom(2) to about 40 angstrom(2) with increasing collision energy through this range. Analysis of the axial velocity distributions indicates that a Xe2+ - N-2 complex exists at low collision energies but is absent by 17.6 eV COM. Analysis of the axial velocity distributions reveals evidence for complexes with lifetimes comparable to the rotational period at low collision energies. The velocity distributions are consistent with quasi-resonant single charge transfer at high collision energies. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Hause, Michael L.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02159 USA. [Prince, Benjamin D.; Bemish, Raymond J.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Hause, ML (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02159 USA. OI Bemish, Raymond/0000-0003-2974-1534 FU AFOSR [16RVCOR275] FX This work is supported by AFOSR under task No. 16RVCOR275 (Program Manager: M. Berman). We thank the reviewers for many insightful comments that greatly improved this paper. We also thank Dale J. Levandier for helpful discussions that improved this paper. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 AR 044309 DI 10.1063/1.4959135 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT7PX UT WOS:000381679800024 PM 27475363 ER PT J AU Anderson, BD Wu, WC Tracy, JB AF Anderson, Bryan D. Wu, Wei-Chen Tracy, Joseph B. TI Silica Overcoating of CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Quantum Dot Nanorods with Controlled Morphologies SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CORE-SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANORODS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; HIGHLY LUMINESCENT; POLARIZED EMISSION; GROWTH; STABILITY; PARTICLES AB CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dot nanorods (QDNRs) exhibit anisotropic optical properties. Overcoating QDNRs with silica (SiO2) shells is desirable for protecting the surface of the inorganic core, imparting dispersibility in water, and allowing functionalization with silanes. While several methods have been developed for encapsulating spherical CdSe-based quantum dots in SiO2, extension of these approaches to QDNRs has been limited. Here, we report a reverse microemulsion approach for controlled deposition of SiO2 overcoatings with thicknesses of 2-12 nm onto CdSe/CdS QDNRs with aspect ratios of up to 19. Addition of poly(ethylene glycol) silane during SiO2 deposition terminates the reaction and allows facile control over the shell thickness, especially for thinner shells. By independently controlling the amounts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), and water, morphological control is achieved, giving uniform SiO2 shells or heterogenenous deposition onto the ends of QDNRs as lobed structures, nanolollipops (single lobe) or nanodumbbells (double lobes). Especially for high-aspect ratio QDNRs, we report breakage of the double-lobed structures. The SiO2 overcoating process causes a reduction in the fluorescence quantum yield of approximately 20%, which we attribute to use of NH4OH as a catalyst in this reaction. C1 [Anderson, Bryan D.; Wu, Wei-Chen; Tracy, Joseph B.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Anderson, Bryan D.] Universal Technol Corp, Mat & Mfg, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Anderson, Bryan D.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXCC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45429 USA. RP Tracy, JB (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jbtracy@ncsu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1056653, ECCS-1542015] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant DMR-1056653. The authors acknowledge G. Kalyuzhny (San Diego State University, San Diego, CA) and J. Bartelmess (North Carolina State University) for advice on QDNR synthesis and QY measurements and the use of the Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation Grant ECCS-1542015. The AIF is a member of the North Carolina Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network (RTNN), a site in the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI). NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 40 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL 26 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 14 BP 4945 EP 4952 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01225 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DS2FE UT WOS:000380576700010 ER PT J AU Naderi, S Dajani, I Grosek, J Madden, T AF Naderi, Shadi Dajani, Iyad Grosek, Jacob Madden, Timothy TI Theoretical and numerical treatment of modal instability in high-power core and cladding-pumped Raman fiber amplifiers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LASER GUIDE STAR; EFFICIENCY; CONVERSION; THRESHOLD AB Raman fiber lasers have been proposed as potential candidates for scaling beyond the power limitations imposed on near diffraction-limited rare-earth doped fiber lasers. One limitation is the modal instability (MI) and we explore the physics of this phenomenon in Raman fiber amplifiers (RFAs). By utilizing the conservation of number of photons and conservation of energy in the absence of loss, the 3 x 3 governing system of nonlinear equations describing the pump and the signal modal content are decoupled and solved analytically for cladding-pumped RFAs. By comparing the extracted signal at MI threshold for the same step index-fiber, it is found that the MI threshold is independent of the length of the amplifier or whether the amplifier is co-pumped or counter-pumped; dictated by the integrated heat load along the length of fiber. We extend our treatment to gain-tailored RFAs and show that this approach is of limited utility in suppressing MI. Finally, we formulate the physics of MI in core-pumped RFAs where both pump and signal interferences participate in writing the time-dependent index of refraction grating. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Naderi, Shadi; Dajani, Iyad; Grosek, Jacob; Madden, Timothy] US Air Force, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Naderi, S (reprint author), US Air Force, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM shadi.naderi@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO) FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO) for partial funding of this work. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUL 25 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 15 BP 16550 EP 16565 DI 10.1364/OE.24.016550 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA DX9LB UT WOS:000384715800036 PM 27464110 ER PT J AU Wang, FF Li, XN Yin, XF Fu, ZP Lu, YL AF Wang, Fangfang Li, Xiaoning Yin, Xiaofeng Fu, Zhengping Lu, Yalin TI Thermal Behaviors of Methylammonium Lead Trihalide Perovskites with or without Chlorine Doping SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ORGANOMETAL HALIDE PEROVSKITES; HYBRID SOLAR-CELLS; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; IODIDE PEROVSKITES; NONISOTHERMAL MELT; KINETICS; MOBILITIES AB Methylammonium lead trihalide perovskites have become the harbinger in solar cells lately. However, many fundamental mechanisms, especially those related to the used materials, still need a deeper understanding, in order to further improve the cells' stability and efficiency. This work discussed the influence of chlorine doping on the materials' thermal stability and the energy loss by either releasing heat or emitting light in CH3NH3PbI3. The results indicated that CH3NH3PbI3-x,Cl-x had no phase transition in the range 25-100 degrees C, in contrast to CH3NH3PbI3 with a phase transition at similar to 50 degrees C. It was discovered that the heat generated in absorbing photon processes in CH3NH3PbI3-x,Cl-x could be reduced, about 20% lower than that in CH3NH3PbI3. More heat released in CH3NH3PbI3 may cause the occurrence of the phase transition and then further decline the cell stability. Photoluminescence results also indicated that adding chlorine into CH3NH3PbI3 could further suppress the energy loss in the means emitting light. C1 [Wang, Fangfang; Li, Xiaoning; Yin, Xiaofeng; Fu, Zhengping; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Fu, Zhengping; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Fu, Zhengping; Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] CAS Hefei Inst Phys Sci, Hefei Phys Sci & Technol Ctr, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yalin] US Air Force Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Fu, ZP; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CAS Key Lab Mat Energy Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Fu, ZP; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Fu, ZP; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), CAS Hefei Inst Phys Sci, Hefei Phys Sci & Technol Ctr, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Lu, YL (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM fuzp@ustc.edu.cn; yllu@ustc.edu.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [211134KYSB20130017]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB922000]; External Cooperation Program of BIC; Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KGZD-EW-T06]; Provincial Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Colleges [KJ2014ZD40] FX This work was financially supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (211134KYSB20130017), National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB922000), External Cooperation Program of BIC, Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KGZD-EW-T06), and the Provincial Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Colleges (KJ2014ZD40). Y. L. Lu is grateful to the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (OSR) and DTRA (HDTRA12221) and thanks Professor Qing Yang for his help. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 28 BP 15009 EP 15016 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03147 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DS2HV UT WOS:000380590600001 ER PT J AU Grefenstette, BW Glesener, L Krucker, S Hudson, H Hannah, IG Smith, DM Vogel, JK White, SM Madsen, KK Marsh, AJ Caspi, A Chen, B Shih, A Kuhar, M Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Forster, K Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Miyasaka, H Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Grefenstette, Brian W. Glesener, Lindsay Krucker, Sam Hudson, Hugh Hannah, Iain G. Smith, David M. Vogel, Julia K. White, Stephen M. Madsen, Kristin K. Marsh, Andrew J. Caspi, Amir Chen, Bin Shih, Albert Kuhar, Matej Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Forster, Karl Hailey, Charles J. Harrison, Fiona A. Miyasaka, Hiromasa Stern, Daniel Zhang, William W. TI THE FIRST FOCUSED HARD X-RAY IMAGES OF THE SUN WITH NuSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; methods: data analysis; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID SOLAR-FLARES; ACCELERATION REGION; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; QUIET SUN; MICROFLARES; NANOFLARES; TELESCOPE; MISSION; RHESSI; EMISSION AB We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun. C1 [Grefenstette, Brian W.; Madsen, Kristin K.; Forster, Karl; Harrison, Fiona A.; Miyasaka, Hiromasa] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Glesener, Lindsay] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Glesener, Lindsay; Krucker, Sam; Hudson, Hugh; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krucker, Sam; Kuhar, Matej] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Hudson, Hugh; Hannah, Iain G.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Vogel, Julia K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [White, Stephen M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Caspi, Amir] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Chen, Bin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shih, Albert] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hailey, Charles J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Grefenstette, BW (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM bwgref@srl.caltech.edu RI Hannah, Iain/F-1972-2011; OI Hannah, Iain/0000-0003-1193-8603; Hudson, Hugh/0000-0001-5685-1283; Glesener, Lindsay/0000-0001-7092-2703; Madsen, Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891; Caspi, Amir/0000-0001-8702-8273 FU NASA [NNX12AJ36G, NNX14AG07G, NNX15AK26G, NNX14AN84G]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200021-140308]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [NNX13AM41H]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Royal Society University Research Fellowship FX This work was supported under NASA contract NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. Additional funding for this work was also provided under NASA grants NNX12AJ36G and NNX14AG07G. S.K. acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021-140308). A.J.M.'s participation was supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship award NNX13AM41H. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. A.C. was supported by NASA grants NNX15AK26G and NNX14AN84G. I.G.H. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200020 ER PT J AU Anglin, BS Gockel, BT Rollett, AD AF Anglin, B. S. Gockel, B. T. Rollett, A. D. TI Developing constitutive model parameters via a multi-scale approach SO INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION LA English DT Article DE Optimization; Constitutive law; Pearlite; Viscoplastic; Multi-scale ID MAGNESIUM ALLOY AZ31B; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ELLIPSOIDAL INCLUSION; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; ELASTIC FIELD; PEARLITE; BEHAVIOR; POLYCRYSTALS; FRACTURE AB Computing the mechanical response of materials requires accurate constitutive descriptions, especially their plastic behavior. Furthermore, the ability of a model to be used as a predictive, rather than a descriptive, tool motivates the development of physically based constitutive models. This work investigates combining a homogenized viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) approach to reduce the development time for a high-resolution viscoplastic model based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT). An optimization scheme based on a least-squares algorithm is presented. The constitutive responses of copper, interstitial-free steel, and pearlite are investigated, and the model parameters are presented. Optimized parameters from the low-fidelity model provide close agreement (<2 MPa, similar to 1 % error) with stress-strain data at low strains (<10 %) in the high-fidelity FFT model. Simple adjustments to constitutive law parameters bring the FFT stress-strain curve in alignment with experimental data at strains greater than 10 %. A two-phase constitutive law is developed for a pearlitic steel using a single stress-strain curve, supplemented by data for the constituent phases. Sources of error and methods of using material information are discussed that lead to optimal estimates of initial parameter values. C1 [Anglin, B. S.] US Army Res Lab, Mat Response & Design Branch, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Gockel, B. T.] US Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Gockel, B. T.; Rollett, A. D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Anglin, BS (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Mat Response & Design Branch, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM banglin@alumni.cmu.edu RI Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012 OI Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191 NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2193-9764 EI 2193-9772 J9 INTEGR MATER MANUF I JI Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov. PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 5 AR UNSP 11 DI 10.1186/s40192-016-0053-4 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EC3LK UT WOS:000388027400001 ER PT J AU Mishin, EV AF Mishin, Evgeny V. TI SAPS onset timing during substorms and the westward traveling surge SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE SAPS onset timing; westward traveling surge ID SUBAURORAL ION DRIFTS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; RING CURRENT; INJECTIONS; MODEL; DISTURBANCES; IONOSPHERE; CONVECTION; FIELDS; SAID AB We present multispacecraft observations in the magnetosphere and conjugate ionosphere of the onset time of subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) and tens ofkeV ring current injections on the duskside in three individual substorms. This is probably the first unequivocal determination of the substorm SAPS onset timing. The time lag between the SAPS and substorm onsets is much shorter than the gradient-curvature drift time of approximate to 10keV ions in the plasmasphere. It seemingly depends on the propagation time of substorm-injected plasma from the dipolarization onset region to the plasmasphere, as well as on the SAPS position. These observations suggest that fast onset SAPS and ring current injections are causally related to the two-loop system of the westward traveling surge. C1 [Mishin, Evgeny V.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Mishin, EV (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM Evgeny.Mishin@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. I thank Reiner Friedel for providing the LANL data used in this study and Gordon Wilson for discussions. The Cluster FGM Prime Parameter, EFW, EDI, CIS-CODIF, WBD, and STAFF data sets were obtained through the Cluster Science Data System and the ESA Cluster Active Archive. AU/AL indices and ACE data were obtained through the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto and NASA CDAWeb sites, respectively. Figure 1d was obtained using Orbit Visualization Tool (http://ovt.irfu.se). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 13 BP 6687 EP 6693 DI 10.1002/2016GL069693 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DS6ON UT WOS:000380901600002 ER PT J AU Aldayel, O Monga, V Rangaswamy, M AF Aldayel, Omar Monga, Vishal Rangaswamy, Muralidhar TI Successive QCQP Refinement for MIMO Radar Waveform Design Under Practical Constraints SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE MIMO radar; waveform design; constant modulus; similarity constraint; successive algorithm; phase coding; SQR; interference constraint; cognitive radar ID QUADRATIC OPTIMIZATION; CONSTANT MODULUS; SIMILARITY CONSTRAINTS; INFORMATION-THEORY; RECEIVE FILTER; COLORED NOISE; ENVIRONMENT; CLUTTER; SIGNAL; TARGET AB The authors address the problem of designing a waveform for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar under the important practical constraints of constant modulus and waveform similarity. Incorporating these constraints in an analytically tractable manner is a longstanding open challenge. This is due to the fact that the optimization problem that results from signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) maximization subject to these constraints is a hard non-convex problem. The authors develop a new analytical approach that involves solving a sequence of convex quadratically constrained quadratic programing (QCQP) problems, which they prove converges to a sub-optimal solution. Because an improvement in SINR results via solving each problem in the sequence, they call the method Successive QCQP Refinement (SQR). Furthermore, the proposed SQR method can be easily extended to incorporate emerging requirements of spectral coexistence, as shown briefly in this paper. The authors evaluate SQR against other candidate techniques with respect to SINR performance, beam pattern, and pulse compression properties in a variety of scenarios. Results show that SQR outperforms state-of-the-art methods that also employ constant modulus and/or similarity constraints while being computationally less burdensome. C1 [Aldayel, Omar; Monga, Vishal] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rangaswamy, Muralidhar] US Air Force Res Lab, RF Exploitat Branch, Dayton, OH USA. RP Aldayel, O (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM osa105@psu.edu; vmonga@engr.psu.edu; muralidhar.rangaswamy@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [2311IN]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-15-1-0438] FX The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Ana Perez-Neira. Dr. Rangaswamy was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under project 2311IN. Research was supported by a grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Award No. FA9550-15-1-0438. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X EI 1941-0476 J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 14 BP 3760 EP 3774 DI 10.1109/TSP.2016.2552501 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DN9AD UT WOS:000377370500016 ER PT J AU Juul, NY Winther, G Dale, D Koker, MKA Shade, P Oddershede, J AF Juul, Nicolai Ytterdal Winther, Grethe Dale, Darren Koker, Margaret K. A. Shade, Paul Oddershede, Jette TI Elastic interaction between twins during tensile deformation of austenitic stainless steel SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Tension test; Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD); Austenitic steels; Elastic behaviour; Twinning ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; 3-D STRESS DEVELOPMENT; POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; PURE TI; GRAIN; NUCLEATION; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTAL; FIELDS; PARENT AB In austenite, the twin boundary normal is a common elastically stiff direction shared by the two twins, which may induce special interactions. By means of three-dimensional X-ray diffraction this elastic interaction has been analysed and compared to grains separated by conventional grain boundaries. However, the components of the Type II stress normal to the twin boundary plane exhibit the same large variations as for the grain boundaries. Elastic grain interactions are therefore complex and must involve the entire set of neighbouring grains. The elastic-regime stress along the tensile direction qualitatively depends on the grain orientation, but grain-to grain variations are large. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Juul, Nicolai Ytterdal; Winther, Grethe] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Mech Engn, Prod Torvet, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Dale, Darren; Koker, Margaret K. A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Shade, Paul] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Oddershede, Jette] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Oddershede, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM jeto@fysik.dtu.dk RI Shade, Paul/H-6459-2011; Winther, Grethe/D-5146-2014; Oddershede, Jette/A-3816-2013 OI Winther, Grethe/0000-0002-4178-3449; Oddershede, Jette/0000-0003-2319-7419 FU Danish Independent Research Council - Technology and Productions Sciences grant [DFF-1335-00220]; Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory; NSF & NIH/NIGMS via NSF award [DMR-1332208] FX NYJ, GW and JO acknowledge support from the Danish Independent Research Council - Technology and Productions Sciences grant n. DFF-1335-00220. The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation is acknowledged for covering the expenses in relation to the synchrotron experiment (through Danscatt). PS acknowledges support from the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. This work is based upon research conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the NSF & NIH/NIGMS via NSF award DMR-1332208. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 120 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.03.022 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DN1DT UT WOS:000376807200001 ER PT J AU Byrd, JN Lutz, JJ Jin, YF Ranasinghe, DS Montgomery, JA Perera, A Duan, XFF Burggraf, LW Sanders, BA Bartlett, RJ AF Byrd, Jason N. Lutz, Jesse J. Jin, Yifan Ranasinghe, Duminda S. Montgomery, John A., Jr. Perera, Ajith Duan, Xiaofeng F. Burggraf, Larry W. Sanders, Beverly A. Bartlett, Rodney J. TI Predictive coupled-cluster isomer orderings for some SinCm (m, n <= 12) clusters: A pragmatic comparison between DFT and complete basis limit coupled-cluster benchmarks SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBON CLUSTERS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; CORE-SHELL NANOWIRES; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; ELECTRON CORRELATION; DENSITY FUNCTIONALS; AB-INITIO; THERMOCHEMICAL KINETICS; DISPERSION CORRECTIONS AB The accurate determination of the preferred Si12C12 isomer is important to guide experimental efforts directed towards synthesizing SiC nano-wires and related polymer structures which are anticipated to be highly efficient exciton materials for the opto-electronic devices. In order to definitively identify preferred isomeric structures for silicon carbon nano-clusters, highly accurate geometries, energies, and harmonic zero point energies have been computed using coupled-cluster theory with systematic extrapolation to the complete basis limit for set of silicon carbon clusters ranging in size from SiC3 to Si12C12. It is found that post-MBPT( 2) correlation energy plays a significant role in obtaining converged relative isomer energies, suggesting that predictions using low rung density functional methods will not have adequate accuracy. Utilizing the best composite coupled-cluster energy that is still computationally feasible, entailing a 3-4 SCF and coupled-cluster theory with singles and doubles extrapolation with triple-zeta ( T) correlation, the closo Si12C12 isomer is identified to be the preferred isomer in the support of previous calculations [ X. F. Duan and L. W. Burggraf, J. Chem. Phys. 142, 034303 ( 2015)]. Additionally we have investigated more pragmatic approaches to obtaining accurate silicon carbide isomer energies, including the use of frozen natural orbital coupled-cluster theory and several rungs of standard and double-hybrid density functional theory. Frozen natural orbitals as a way to compute post-MBPT( 2) correlation energy are found to be an excellent balance between efficiency and accuracy. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Byrd, Jason N.; Lutz, Jesse J.; Jin, Yifan; Ranasinghe, Duminda S.; Perera, Ajith; Sanders, Beverly A.; Bartlett, Rodney J.] Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Byrd, Jason N.] ENSCO Inc, 4849 North Wickham Rd, Melbourne, FL 32940 USA. [Montgomery, John A., Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Duan, Xiaofeng F.; Burggraf, Larry W.] Air Force Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Duan, Xiaofeng F.] Air Force Res Lab, DoD Supercomp Resource Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Sanders, Beverly A.] Univ Florida, Dept Comp & Informat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Byrd, JN (reprint author), Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Byrd, JN (reprint author), ENSCO Inc, 4849 North Wickham Rd, Melbourne, FL 32940 USA. EM byrd.jason@ensco.com; jesse.lutz.ctr@afit.edu; rodbartl@ufl.edu OI Montgomery, John/0000-0002-2627-2317; Jin, Yifan/0000-0001-8894-7693 FU U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program; U.S. Navy; U.S. Army Research Lab DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers; Faculty Research Participation Program at U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) FX This work was supported by funding from the U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program and a grant of computer time at the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army Research Lab DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers. Additionally, J.J.L. was supported in part by an appointment to the Faculty Research Participation Program at U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and AFIT. The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. NR 125 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 2 AR 024312 DI 10.1063/1.4955196 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT0DS UT WOS:000381153600023 PM 27421410 ER PT J AU Ard, SG Johnson, RS Martinez, O Shuman, NS Guo, H Troe, J Viggiano, A AF Ard, Shaun G. Johnson, Ryan S. Martinez, Oscar, Jr. Shuman, Nicholas S. Guo, Hua Troe, Juergen Viggiano, Albert TI Analysis of the Pressure and Temperature Dependence of the Complex-Forming Bimolecular Reaction CH3OCH3 + Fe+ SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID C-O BOND; GAS-PHASE; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; REACTION PATHWAYS; DIMETHYL ETHER; BOUND COMPLEX; HARTREE-FOCK; ACTIVATION; FE+; APPROXIMATE AB The kinetics of the reaction CH3OCH3 + Fe+ has been studied between 250 and 600 K in the buffer gas He at pressures between 0.4 and 1.6 Torr. Total rate constants and branching ratios for the formation of Fe+O(CH3)(2) adducts and of Fe+OCH2 + CH4 products were determined. Quantum-chemical calculations provided the parameters required for an analysis in terms of statistical unimolecular rate theory. The analysis employed a recently developed simplified representation of the rates of complex-forming bimolecular reactions, separating association and chemical activation contributions. Satisfactory agreement between experimental results and kinetic modeling was obtained that allows for an extrapolation of the data over wide ranges of conditions. Possible reaction pathways with or without spin-inversion are discussed in relation to the kinetic modeling results. C1 [Ard, Shaun G.; Martinez, Oscar, Jr.; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Viggiano, Albert] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Johnson, Ryan S.; Guo, Hua] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Troe, Juergen] Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, Fassberg 11, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, Tammannstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Troe, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, Fassberg 11, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.; Troe, J (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, Tammannstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM shoff@gwdg.de RI Guo, Hua/J-2685-2014 OI Guo, Hua/0000-0001-9901-053X FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award [AFOSR-2303EP]; Boston College Institute of Scientific Research; National Research Council Research Associateship Program; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR-FA9550-15-1-0305]; EOARD Grant [FA8655-11-1-3077] FX Numerous suggestions on this article by Peter Armentrout were most helpful. The AFRL authors are supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award AFOSR-2303EP. S.G.A. acknowledges the support of Boston College Institute of Scientific Research. O.M. acknowledges support from the National Research Council Research Associateship Program. The UNM team acknowledges the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for funding (Grant AFOSR-FA9550-15-1-0305) and the UNM Center for Advanced Research Computing for computational resources used in this work. J.T. acknowledges support by the EOARD Grant Award No. FA8655-11-1-3077. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 27 BP 5264 EP 5273 DI 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01125 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DR6CE UT WOS:000379988900075 PM 27228310 ER PT J AU Ariyawansa, G Reyner, CJ Duran, JM Reding, JD Scheihing, JE Steenbergen, EH AF Ariyawansa, Gamini Reyner, Charles J. Duran, Joshua M. Reding, Joshua D. Scheihing, John E. Steenbergen, Elizabeth H. TI Unipolar infrared detectors based on InGaAs/InAsSb ternary superlattices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE AB Growth and characteristics of mid-wave infrared (MWIR) InGaAs/InAsSb strained layer superlattice (SLS) detectors are reported. InGaAs/InAsSb SLSs, identified as ternary SLSs, not only provide an extra degree of freedom for superlattice strain compensation but also show enhanced absorption properties compared to InAs/InAsSb SLSs. Utilizing In1-yGayAs/InAs0.65Sb0.35 ternary SLSs (y = 0, 5, 10, and 20%) designed to have the same bandgap, a set of four unipolar detectors are investigated. These demonstrate an enhancement in the detector quantum efficiency due to the increased absorption coefficient. The detectors exhibit dark current performance within a factor of 10 of Rule 07 at temperatures above 120 K, and external quantum efficiencies in the 15%-25% range. This work demonstrates ternary SLSs are a potential absorber material for future high performance MWIR detectors. C1 [Ariyawansa, Gamini; Reyner, Charles J.; Duran, Joshua M.; Reding, Joshua D.; Scheihing, John E.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Steenbergen, Elizabeth H.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Ariyawansa, G (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM gamini.ariyawansa.2@us.af.mil FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate FX This work was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate under project "III-V Focal Plane Array Development Using Novel Superlattices." The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions from the scientists/engineers at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) by providing us with the NRL MULTIBANDS software which was critical for the design/modeling portion of this paper. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Baolai Liang and Professor Diana Huffaker for support at UCLA/CNSI MBE facility. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 2 AR 021112 DI 10.1063/1.4958854 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DT0EH UT WOS:000381155200012 ER PT J AU Share, K Carter, RE Nikolaev, P Hooper, D Oakes, L Cohn, AP Rao, R Puretzky, AA Geohegan, DB Maruyama, B Pint, CL AF Share, Keith Carter, Rachel E. Nikolaev, Pavel Hooper, Daylond Oakes, Landon Cohn, Adam P. Rao, Rahul Puretzky, Alexander A. Geohegan, David B. Maruyama, Benji Pint, Cary L. TI Nanoscale Silicon as a Catalyst for Graphene Growth: Mechanistic Insight from in Situ Raman Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; EMITTING POROUS SILICON; CARBON NANOTUBE GROWTH; HIGH-QUALITY; SURFACE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PYROLYSIS; ACETYLENE; OXIDATION; FILMS AB Nanoscale carbons are typically synthesized by thermal decomposition of a hydrocarbon at the surface of a metal catalyst. Whereas the use of silicon as an alternative to metal catalysts could unlock new techniques to seamlessly couple carbon nanostructures and semiconductor materials, stable carbide formation renders bulk silicon incapable of the precipitation and growth of graphitic structures. Here, we provide evidence supported by comprehensive in situ Raman experiments that indicates nanoscale grains of silicon in porous silicon (PSi) scaffolds act as catalysts for hydrocarbon decomposition and growth of few layered graphene at temperatures as low as 700 K. Self-limiting growth kinetics of graphene with activation energies measured between 0.32-0.37 eV elucidates the formation of highly reactive surface-bound Si radicals that aid in the decomposition of hydrocarbons. Nucleation and growth of graphitic layers on PSi exhibits striking similarity to catalytic growth on nickel surfaces, involving temperature dependent surface and subsurface diffusion of carbon. This work elucidates how the nanoscale properties of silicon can be exploited to yield catalytic properties distinguished from bulk silicon, opening an important avenue to engineer catalytic interfaces combining the two most technologically important materials for modern applications-silicon and nanoscale carbons. C1 [Share, Keith; Oakes, Landon; Pint, Cary L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Interdisciplinary Mat Sci Program, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Share, Keith; Carter, Rachel E.; Oakes, Landon; Cohn, Adam P.; Pint, Cary L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Nikolaev, Pavel; Hooper, Daylond; Rao, Rahul; Maruyama, Benji] US Air Force, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Puretzky, Alexander A.; Geohegan, David B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hooper, Daylond] US Air Force, Res Lab, Airman Syst Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Pint, CL (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Interdisciplinary Mat Sci Program, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; Pint, CL (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM Cary.L.Pint@vanderbilt.edu RI Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 FU NSF [CMMI 1334269]; ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship; NSF GFRP fellowships grant [1445197]; Materials Sciences and Engineering (MSE) Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by NSF award CMMI 1334269 and an ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship carried out at AFRL/RXBN. K.S. and A.P.C. are supported by NSF GFRP fellowships grant # 1445197. Characterization science for this work was in part sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering (MSE) Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 26 BP 14180 EP 14186 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03880 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DQ8JL UT WOS:000379457000035 ER PT J AU Booth, RS Annesley, CJ Young, JW Vogelhuber, KM Boatz, JA Stearns, JA AF Booth, Ryan S. Annesley, Christopher J. Young, Justin W. Vogelhuber, Kristen M. Boatz, Jerry A. Stearns, Jaime A. TI Identification of multiple conformers of the ionic liquid [emim][tf2n] in the gas phase using IR/UV action spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; DYNAMICS; HYDROGEN; BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYLSULFONYL)IMIDE; VISCOSITY; SOLVENTS AB In this study we investigate the effect of deuteration and molecular beam temperature on the hydrogen bond in the ionic liquid [emim][tf2n]. Using IR/UV double resonance spectroscopy, we probe the microscopic structure of the [emim][tf2n] ion pair and its mono-deuterated, [emim-d(1)][tf2n], analog. Comparisons of the infrared absorption frequencies between these two species show that there are multiple conformers of the ion pair present in the gas phase and trapped through the molecular beam cooling process. Furthermore, each conformer has a characteristic red shift in the frequency of its C2-H group that reveals the variation in strength of a hydrogen bond between the cation and anion. C1 [Booth, Ryan S.; Annesley, Christopher J.; Young, Justin W.; Vogelhuber, Kristen M.; Stearns, Jaime A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Booth, Ryan S.; Young, Justin W.; Vogelhuber, Kristen M.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Boatz, Jerry A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA. RP Stearns, JA (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM afrl.rvborgmailbox@kirtland.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [15RV171COR]; National Research Council FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under task 15RV171COR (Program Officer M. Berman). R. B. also acknowledges support from a National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship. This work was supported in part by a grant of computer time from the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 15 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 25 BP 17037 EP 17043 DI 10.1039/c6cp02657e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DP7WY UT WOS:000378711100048 PM 27298098 ER PT J AU Wiebe, R Spottswood, SM AF Wiebe, R. Spottswood, S. M. TI On the dimension of complex responses in nonlinear structural vibrations SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article DE Response dimension; Nonlinear dynamics; Structural dynamics; Reduced order modeling; Experimental Dynamics ID TIME-SERIES; SPACE RECONSTRUCTION; EMBEDDING DIMENSION; LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; PRACTICAL METHOD; NORMAL-MODES; DYNAMICS AB The ability to accurately model engineering systems under extreme dynamic loads would prove a major breakthrough in many aspects of aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering. Extreme loads frequently induce both nonlinearities and coupling which increase the complexity of the response and the computational cost of finite element models. Dimension reduction has recently gained traction and promises the ability to distill dynamic responses down to a minimal dimension without sacrificing accuracy. In this context, the dimensionality of a response is related to the number of modes needed in a reduced order model to accurately simulate the response. Thus, an important step is characterizing the dimensionality of complex nonlinear responses of structures. In this work, the dimensionality of the nonlinear response of a post-buckled beam is investigated. Significant detail is dedicated to carefully introducing the experiment, the verification of a finite element model, and the dimensionality estimation algorithm as it is hoped that this system may help serve as a benchmark test case. It is shown that with minor modifications, the method of false nearest neighbors can quantitatively distinguish between the response dimension of various snap-through, non-snap-through, random, and deterministic loads. The state-space dimension of the nonlinear system in question increased from 2-to-10 as the system response moved from simple, low-level harmonic to chaotic snap-through. Beyond the problem studied herein, the techniques developed will serve as a prescriptive guide in developing fast and accurate dimensionally reduced models of nonlinear systems, and eventually as a tool for adaptive dimension-reduction in numerical modeling. The results are especially relevant in the aerospace industry for the design of thin structures such as beams, panels, and shells, which are all capable of spatio-temporally complex dynamic responses that are difficult and computationally expensive to model. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wiebe, R.] Univ Washington, Coll Engn, 201 More Hall,Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Spottswood, S. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Struct Sci Ctr, 2790 D St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45432 USA. RP Wiebe, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Engn, 201 More Hall,Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM rwiebe@uw.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 373 BP 192 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2016.03.009 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA DJ5SJ UT WOS:000374270100012 ER PT J AU Laurvick, TV Coutu, RA Sattler, JM Lake, RA AF Laurvick, Tod V. Coutu, Ronald A., Jr. Sattler, James M. Lake, Robert A. TI Surface feature engineering through nanosphere lithography SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS LA English DT Article DE nanosphere lithography; microelectromechanical systems; self-assembly; fabrication; dip-coating; drain-coating; three-dimensional printing; laser lithography ID COLLOIDAL CRYSTALS; NANOPARTICLE ARRAY; FABRICATION; PARTICLES; CONTACTS; SIZE AB How surface geometries can be selectively manipulated through nanosphere lithography (NSL) is discussed. Self-assembled monolayers and multilayers of nanospheres have been studied for decades and have been applied to lithography for almost as long. When compared to the most modern, state-of-the-art techniques, NSL offers comparable feature resolution with many advantages over competing technologies. Several high-resolution alternatives require scan-based implementation (i.e., focused ion beams and e-beam lithography) while NSL is much more of a batch operation, allowing for full wafer or possibly even multiple wafer processing, potentially saving time and increasing throughput in a manufacturing environment. Additionally, NSL has continued to be of interest because it does not require expensive, complex equipment to be researched and realized, which continues to fuel interest in this approach. In spite of these advantages, applying NSL to specific, realizable devices is limited in the literature. The reason for this lack of application is not only unreliability in the self-assembly process, but also control of these patterned nanospheres within larger, multistep processes often required to fabricate most devices. Both of these items are addressed in this paper. The first issue was addressed through the development of a series of custom-designed nanosphere application vessels. These were designed based on the best published results from the literature, utilizing an alternate method of dip-coating but performed through draining the carrier fluid over the substrate rather than moving the substrate across the liquid-air boundary layer. This method is in the easier to perform, but arguably less-reliable spin-coating method also commonly employed. The key enabler in this effort lies in commercially available three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology, and how it was applied to rapidly prototype-improved deposition vessels. This was accomplished primarily with a single day turn-around between each 3-D printed design iteration. Each vessel design was incrementally improved, built, and tested to optimize the best performance in achieving the most reliable, repeatable self-aligned nanosphere layer formation. With an optimized design of this vessel in hand, the second challenge was addressed by using this vessel and the patterned nanosphere layers it produced with a patterned photoresist design to capture single layers of nanospheres in specifically designed locations and orientations. The hybrid mask produced from this approach can be integrated within virtually any multistep fabrication process. Additionally, other processing steps will be discussed, such as reactive ion etching (RIE), plasma ashing, and photoresist reflowing, and how they might be combined with these hybrid masks. Various results from combinations of these steps are presented. Finally, two potential applications which could benefit greatly from the resulting, engineered surface structures are discussed. These include a small-scale device application (engineering the contacting surfaces in a microswitch), as well as a much larger scale surface study application (surface engineering for controlling secondary electron emissions). The final results from this method allow for patterning groups of 500-nm polystyrene nanospheres formed in four to eight distinct rows each. These are positioned within patterned wells created in a 650-nm thick photoresist. The size and location of these wells are as precise as the photolithography process used to form them, in this case, similar to 40-nm position error in the location of the edge of the laser using a Heidelberg laser lithography system. By combining multiple wells in close proximity, virtually any combination of nanosphere clusters become possible. Once patterned, postprocessing though RIE and deposition method selection together determine the final shape of the nanoscale features which result. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Laurvick, Tod V.; Coutu, Ronald A., Jr.; Sattler, James M.; Lake, Robert A.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn AFIR ENG, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Coutu, RA (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn AFIR ENG, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM ronald.coutu@afit.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F4FGA06110J002] FX The authors thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for supporting this effort (F4FGA06110J002). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1932-5150 EI 1932-5134 J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS PD JUL PY 2016 VL 15 IS 3 AR 031602 DI 10.1117/1.JMM.15.3.031602 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA EC6AX UT WOS:000388219500002 ER PT J AU Pelser, A AF Pelser, Adam TI Virtues and Their Vices SO FAITH AND PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Pelser, Adam] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Pelser, A (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHILOSOPHY DOCUMENTATION CENTER PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 7147, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22906-7147 USA SN 0739-7046 EI 2153-3393 J9 FAITH PHILOS JI Faith Philos. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 33 IS 3 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.5840/faithphil201633369 PG 5 WC Religion SC Religion GA DW3PT UT WOS:000383555200009 ER PT J AU Karschner, EL Swortwood, MJ Hirvonen, J Goodwin, RS Bosker, WM Ramaekers, JG Huestis, MA AF Karschner, Erin L. Swortwood, Madeleine J. Hirvonen, Jussi Goodwin, Robert S. Bosker, Wendy M. Ramaekers, Johannes G. Huestis, Marilyn A. TI Extended plasma cannabinoid excretion in chronic frequent cannabis smokers during sustained abstinence and correlation with psychomotor performance SO DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cannabinoid; Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol; cannabis; chronic; abstinence ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GLUCURONIDATED CANNABINOIDS; SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MARIJUANA USERS; HUMAN-URINE; ORAL FLUID; BLOOD; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; THC AB Cannabis smoking increases motor vehicle accident risk. Empirically defined cannabinoid detection windows are important to drugged driving legislation. Our aims were to establish plasma cannabinoid detection windows in frequent cannabis smokers and to determine if residual cannabinoid concentrations were correlated with psychomotor performance. Twenty-eight male chronic frequent cannabis smokers resided on a secure research unit for up to 33 days with daily blood collection. Plasma specimens were analyzed for Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Critical tracking and divided attention tasks were administered at baseline (after overnight stay to ensure lack of acute intoxication) and after 1, 2, and 3 weeks of cannabis abstinence. Twenty-seven of the twenty-eight participants were THC-positive at admission (median 4.2 mu g/L). THC concentrations significantly decreased 24 h after admission, but were still >= 2 mu g/L in 16 of the 28 participants 48 h after admission. THC was detected in 3 of 5 specimens on day 30. The last positive 11-OH-THC specimen was 15 days after admission. THCCOOH was measureable in 4 of 5 participants after 30 days of abstinence. Years of prior cannabis use significantly correlated with THC concentrations on admission, and days 7 and 14. Tracking error, evaluated by the Divided Attention Task, was the only evaluated psychomotor assessment significantly correlated with cannabinoid concentrations at baseline and day 8 (11-OH-THC only). Median THC was 0.3 mu g/L in 5 chronic frequent cannabis smokers' plasma samples after 30 days of sustained abstinence. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Karschner, Erin L.; Swortwood, Madeleine J.; Goodwin, Robert S.; Bosker, Wendy M.; Huestis, Marilyn A.] NIDA, Chem & Drug Metab, Intramural Res Program, NIH, 251 Bayview Blvd,Suite 05A721, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Karschner, Erin L.] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover Afb, DE 19902 USA. [Hirvonen, Jussi] NIMH, Mol Imaging Branch, IRP, NIH, 6001 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hirvonen, Jussi] Univ Turku, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Turun 20014, Finland. [Goodwin, Robert S.] 7 Church Lane,Suite 15A, Pikesville, MD 21208 USA. [Bosker, Wendy M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Neurosci & Med 4, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Bosker, Wendy M.; Ramaekers, Johannes G.] Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol & Neurosci, Dept Neuropsychol & Psychopharmacol, NL-6211 LK Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Huestis, MA (reprint author), NIDA, Chem & Drug Metab, Intramural Res Program, NIH,Biomed Res Ctr, 251 Bayview Blvd,Room 05A721, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. EM mhuestis@intra.nida.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health FX This research was funded by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1942-7603 EI 1942-7611 J9 DRUG TEST ANAL JI Drug Test. Anal. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 8 IS 7 BP 682 EP 689 DI 10.1002/dta.1825 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DY0RI UT WOS:000384803500009 PM 26097154 ER PT J AU Ghoreyshi, M Bergeron, K Seidel, J Lofthouse, AJ Cummings, RM AF Ghoreyshi, Mehdi Bergeron, Keith Seidel, Juergen Lofthouse, Andrew J. Cummings, Russell M. TI Grid Quality and Resolution Effects for Aerodynamic Modeling of Ram-Air Parachutes SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting / AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference / 17th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference / AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (SciTech) / AIAA Infotech at Aerospace Conference CY JAN 05-09, 2015 CL Kissimmee, FL SP AIAA AB This work provides an overview of the grid quality and resolution effects on the aerodynamic modeling of ram-air parachute canopies. The computational-fluid-dynamics simulations of this work were performed using the Cobalt flow solver, which is a three-dimensional code, but it was run in a two-dimensional mode for canopy sections with open and closed inlets. Previous simulation results of these geometries showed that grid independence is achieved for the closed and open airfoils with grids containing around half a million and 2 million cells, respectively. Previous grids were either hybrid with prismatic layers near the walls or multiblock structured using algebraic grid generators. The results presented in this work show that grid independence of both geometries can be achieved with much coarser grids. These grids, however, were generated with good smoothness, wall orthogonality, and skewness qualities. The results show that the grid quality value is mainly related to the grid smoothness and does not depend on the grid skewness or the wall orthogonality. Although a smooth grid improves the quality value, and therefore the solution convergence, it does not always lead to an accurate solution. For example, the unstructured grids with anisotropic cells near the wall have very good grid quality; however, they have the worst accuracy among all grids considered because of the poor skewness at the walls. The results also showed that, in comparison to the closed inlets, the open geometry solutions are less sensitive to the initial grid spacing and number of constant spacing layers at the outside airfoil walls. Finally, the open inlet solutions do not change with the inside airfoil grid resolution and type. C1 [Ghoreyshi, Mehdi; Seidel, Juergen; Lofthouse, Andrew J.; Cummings, Russell M.] US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Bergeron, Keith] US Army, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ghoreyshi, M (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1087 EP 1105 DI 10.2514/1.C033391 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX3TN UT WOS:000384297100020 ER PT J AU Owens, MJ Cliver, E McCracken, KG Beer, J Barnard, L Lockwood, M Rouillard, A Passos, D Riley, P Usoskin, I Wang, YM AF Owens, M. J. Cliver, E. McCracken, K. G. Beer, J. Barnard, L. Lockwood, M. Rouillard, A. Passos, D. Riley, P. Usoskin, I. Wang, Y. -M. TI Near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field intensity since 1750: 2. Cosmogenic radionuclide reconstructions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galactic cosmic rays; long-term solar variability; heliospheric magnetic field; cosmogenic radionuclides ID COSMIC-RAY MODULATION; OPEN SOLAR FLUX; TREE-RINGS; ATMOSPHERE; C-14; EVENTS; MODEL; AD; IRRADIANCE; RADIATION AB This is Part 2 of a study of the near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field strength, B, since 1750. Part 1 produced composite estimates of B from geomagnetic and sunspot data over the period 1750-2013. Sunspot-based reconstructions can be extended back to 1610, but the paleocosmic ray (PCR) record is the only data set capable of providing a record of solar activity on millennial timescales. The process for converting Be-10 concentrations measured in ice cores to B is more complex than with geomagnetic and sunspot data, and the uncertainties in B derived from cosmogenic nuclides (similar to 20% for any individual year) are much larger. Within this level of uncertainty, we find reasonable overall agreement between PCR-based B and the geomagnetic- and sunspot number-based series. This agreement was enhanced by excising low values in PCR-based B attributed to high-energy solar proton events. Other discordant intervals, with as yet unspecified causes remain included in our analysis. Comparison of 3year averages centered on sunspot minimum yields reasonable agreement between the three estimates, providing a means to investigate the long-term changes in the heliospheric magnetic field into the past even without a means to remove solar proton events from the records. C1 [Owens, M. J.; Barnard, L.; Lockwood, M.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. [Cliver, E.] Natl Solar Observ, Boulder, CO USA. [Cliver, E.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Beer, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Rouillard, A.] PEPS, IRAP CNRS UPS, Toulouse, France. [Passos, D.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA, Lisbon, Portugal. [Passos, D.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, GRPS, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Passos, D.] Univ Algarve, Dept Fis, Faro, Portugal. [Riley, P.] Predict Sci, San Diego, CA USA. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, ReSoLVE Ctr Excellence, Oulu, Finland. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Oulu, Finland. [Wang, Y. -M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Owens, MJ (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. EM m.j.owens@reading.ac.uk RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/M000885/1]; Leverhulme Trust; International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss National Science Foundation [CRSI122-130642]; Academy of Finland [272157] FX Data are available as supporting information to Part 1 of this study [Owens et al., 2016] and previously published articles cited in the manuscript. This work was partly facilitated by an International Space Science Institute (ISSI) international team selected in 2011 as number 233, "Long-term reconstructions of solar and solar wind parameters" organized by L. Svalgaard, M. Lockwood, and J. Beer. We are grateful to the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) for the OMNI data. We thank ISSI for supporting the team. M. O., M.L., and L.B. are part funded by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/M000885/1. M. O. acknowledges support from the Leverhulme Trust through a Philip Leverhulme Prize. K.G.McC. acknowledges the consistent support he has received since 2005 from the International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland. J.B. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under the grant CRSI122-130642 (FUPSOL) and profited from the PAGES workshops in Davos (2012 and 2014). I.U.'s contribution was made within the framework of the ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence (Academy of Finland, Project 272157). Y.M.W. acknowledges support from the Chief of Naval Research. We thank both referees for useful comments. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 6064 EP 6074 DI 10.1002/2016JA022550 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100005 ER PT J AU Obenberger, KS Dowell, JD Hancock, PJ Holmes, JM Pedersen, TR Schinzel, FK Taylor, GB AF Obenberger, K. S. Dowell, J. D. Hancock, P. J. Holmes, J. M. Pedersen, T. R. Schinzel, F. K. Taylor, G. B. TI Rates, flux densities, and spectral indices of meteor radio afterglows SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE meteors ID FIREBALLS; ARRAY AB Using the narrowband all-sky imager mode of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA1), we have now detected 30 transients at 25.6MHz, 1 at 34MHz, and 93 at 38.0MHz. While we have only optically confirmed that 37 of these events are radio afterglows from meteors, evidence suggests that most, if not all, are. Using the beam-forming mode of the LWA1, we have also captured the broadband spectra between 22.0 and 55.0MHz of four events. We compare the smooth, spectral components of these four events and fit the frequency-dependent flux density to a power law, and find that the spectral index is time variable, with the spectrum steepening over time for each meteor afterglow. Using these spectral indices along with the narrowband flux density measurements of the 123 events at 25.6 and 38MHz, we predict the expected flux densities and rates for meteor afterglows potentially observable by other low-frequency radio telescopes. C1 [Obenberger, K. S.; Holmes, J. M.; Pedersen, T. R.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Dowell, J. D.; Schinzel, F. K.; Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hancock, P. J.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA, Australia. RP Obenberger, KS (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM obenken@icloud.com OI Holmes, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1025-6694 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-C-0147]; National Science Foundation [AST-1139963, AST-1139974]; Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AM, NM FX This research was performed while the author, Kenneth Obenberger, held an NRC Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AM, NM. Construction of the LWA1 has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-07-C-0147. Support for operations and continuing development of the LWA1 is provided by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1139963 and AST-1139974 of the University Radio Observatory program. All of the LWA1 data used in this article are publicly available at the LWA1 Data Archive (lda10g.alliance.unm.edu). NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 6808 EP 6817 DI 10.1002/2016JA022606 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100056 ER PT J AU Sekerak, MJ Gallimore, AD Brown, DL Hofer, RR Polk, JE AF Sekerak, Michael J. Gallimore, Alec D. Brown, Daniel L. Hofer, Richard R. Polk, James E. TI Mode Transitions in Hall-Effect Thrusters Induced by Variable Magnetic Field Strength SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference (JPC) and Exhibit CY JUL 14-19, 2013 CL San Jose, CA SP AIAA, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID STATIONARY PLASMA THRUSTERS; WALL AB Mode transitions in a 6 kW laboratory Hall-effect thruster were induced by varying the magnetic field intensity while holding all other operating parameters constant. Ultrafast imaging, discharge current, and thrust measurements were used to characterize the change in discharge channel current density and thruster performance through mode transitions. The modes are described here as global oscillation mode and local oscillation mode. In global mode, the entire discharge channel is oscillating in unison and spokes are either absent or negligible with discharge current oscillation amplitude (root mean square) greater than 10% of the mean value and can even be as high as 100%. In local oscillation mode, perturbations in the discharge current density are seen to propagate in the E x B direction. Spokes are localized oscillations that are typically 10-20% of the mean discharge current density value. The discharge current oscillation amplitude and mean values are significantly lower than global mode. The mode transitions changed with operating conditions, where the transition between global mode and local mode occurred at higher relative magnetic field strengths for higher mass flow rate or higher discharge voltage. The thrust was approximately constant through the mode transition, but the thrust-to-power ratio and anode efficiency decreased significantly in global mode. The peaks in thrust to power and anode efficiency typically occur near the transition point. Thruster performance maps should include variation in discharge current, discharge voltage, and magnetic field, known as I-D - V-D - B maps, at different flow rates to identify transition regions throughout the life of a thruster. These results are used to calculate a transition surface for use by operators to keep the thruster operating in an optimal mode. C1 [Sekerak, Michael J.; Gallimore, Alec D.] Univ Michigan, Plasmadynam & Elect Prop Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Brown, Daniel L.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, In Space Prop Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Hofer, Richard R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Elect Prop Grp, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Polk, James E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Prop & Mat Engn Sect, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Sekerak, MJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Plasmadynam & Elect Prop Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM msekerak@umich.edu; alec.gallimore@umich.edu; daniel.brown.50@us.af.mil; richard.r.hofer@jpl.nasa.gov; james.e.polk@jpl.nasa.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 EI 1533-3876 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL PY 2016 VL 32 IS 4 BP 903 EP 917 DI 10.2514/1.B35709 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DW2LW UT WOS:000383474900010 ER PT J AU Vaughan, SL Mills, RF Peterson, GL Grimaila, MR Rogers, SK Oxley, ME Patterson, RE AF Vaughan, Sandra L. Mills, Robert F. Peterson, Gilbert L. Grimaila, Michael R. Rogers, Steven K. Oxley, Mark E. Patterson, Robert E. TI A dual-process Qualia Modeling Framework (QMF) SO BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURES LA English DT Article DE Dual-process theory; Qualia; Hypernetworks; Integrated Information Theory (IIT); Consciousness; Stanovich's tripartite framework ID MACHINE CONSCIOUSNESS AB We present the software implementation of our Qualia Modeling Framework (QMF), a computational cognitive model based on the dual-process theory, which theorizes that reasoning and decision making rely on integrated experiences from two interactive minds: the autonomous mind, without the agent's conscious awareness, and the reflective mind, of which the agent is consciously aware. In the QMF, artificial qualia are the vocabulary of the conscious mind, required to reason over conceptual memory, and generate cognitive inferences. The autonomous mind employs pattern-matching, for fast reasoning over episodic memories. An ACT-R model with conventional declarative memory represents the autonomous mind. A second ACT-R model, with an unconventional implementation of declarative memory utilizing a hyper-network theory based model of qualia space, represents the reflective mind. Using real-world, non-trivial, data sets, our cognitive model achieved classification accuracy comparable to, or greater than, analogous machine learning classifiers kNN and DT, while providing improvements in flexibility by allowing the Target Attribute to be identified or changed any time during training and testing. We advance the BICA challenge by providing a generalizable, efficient, algorithm which models the phenomenal structure of consciousness as proposed by a contemporary theory, and provides an effective decision aid in complex environments where data are too broad or diverse for a human to evaluate without computational assistance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vaughan, Sandra L.; Mills, Robert F.; Peterson, Gilbert L.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Grimaila, Michael R.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Rogers, Steven K.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Informat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Oxley, Mark E.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Patterson, Robert E.] Air Force Res Lab, HPW Human Effectiveness Directorate 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Vaughan, SL (reprint author), US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Sandra.Vaughan@afit.edu; Robert.Mills@afit.edu; Gilbert.Peterson@afit.edu; Michael.Grimaila@afit.edu; Steven.Rogers@us.af.mil; Mark.Oxley@afit.edu; Robert.Patterson.22@us.af.mil NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-683X EI 2212-6848 J9 BIOL INSPIR COGN ARC JI Biol. Inspired Cogn. Archit. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 17 BP 71 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.bica.2016.07.001 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DV5YJ UT WOS:000383006300007 ER PT J AU Kristofic, JJ Chmiel, JD Jackson, GF Vorce, SP Holler, JM Robinson, SL Bosy, TZ AF Kristofic, John J. Chmiel, Jeffrey D. Jackson, George F. Vorce, Shawn P. Holler, Justin M. Robinson, Stephen L. Bosy, Thomas Z. TI Detection of 25C-NBOMe in Three Related Cases SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DESIGNER DRUGS; 25I-NBOME; DEATH; INTOXICATION; DERIVATIVES AB An accidental death associated with the use of the designer drug, 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25C-NBOMe), is reported. A 23-year-old Caucasian male experienced severe respiratory distress and died after being subdued by military law enforcement. At autopsy, remarkable findings upon internal examination included mild to moderate coronary atherosclerosis, biventricular dilation, mild right ventricular hypertrophy and bilateral pulmonary edema and congestion. The decedent's blood contained no drugs, ethanol or other volatile compounds. Pseudoephedrine, nicotine and cotinine were detected in his urine. A LC-QTOF designer drug screen, employing a basic solid-phase extraction, was used to isolate 25C-NBOMe, 25C-NBOH and 2C-C from both blood and urine specimens. Quantitative analysis was performed by LC-MS-MS operating in multiple reaction monitoring mode. 25C-NBOMe and 2C-C were present in the blood (2.07 and 0.12 ng/mL) and in the urine (27.43 ng/mL and 0.38 ng/mL), respectively. 25C-NBOMe concentrations were determined by standard addition in the brain (19.10 ng/g), spleen (27.13 ng/g), lung (25.21 ng/g), liver (15.20 ng/g), kidney (25.06 ng/g) and gastric contents (30.24 A mu g total in 100 mL submitted). On the basis of decedent case history, autopsy and toxicological findings, the medical examiner ruled the cause of death as 25C-NBOMe toxicity temporally associated with excited delirium and forcible restraint. The manner of death was ruled accidental. C1 [Kristofic, John J.; Chmiel, Jeffrey D.; Jackson, George F.; Vorce, Shawn P.; Holler, Justin M.; Bosy, Thomas Z.] Dover AFB, Div Forens Toxicol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Dover, DE 19902 USA. [Robinson, Stephen L.] Broward Cty Med Examiner & Trauma Serv, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. RP Kristofic, JJ (reprint author), Dover AFB, Div Forens Toxicol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Dover, DE 19902 USA. EM john.j.kristofic.civ@mail.mil FU ARP Sciences, LLC. FX This work was funded in part by the ARP Sciences, LLC. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 40 IS 6 BP 466 EP 472 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw035 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DV8GD UT WOS:000383174600010 PM 27206645 ER PT J AU Sergeev, EN Shindin, AV Grach, SM Milikh, GM Mishin, EV Bernhardt, PA Siefring, CL Briczinski, SJ McCarrick, MJ AF Sergeev, Evgeny N. Shindin, Alexey V. Grach, Savely M. Milikh, Gennady M. Mishin, Evgeny V. Bernhardt, Paul A. Siefring, Carl L. Briczinski, Stanley J. McCarrick, Michael J. TI Exploring HF-induced ionospheric turbulence by Doppler sounding and stimulated electromagnetic emissions at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program heating facility SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; active experiments; artificial irregularities; Doppler sounding; stimulated electromagnetic emission ID PUMP WAVE FREQUENCY; DOWNSHIFTED MAXIMUM; SPECTRA; PLASMA; RADIOWAVE; RADIATION; FEATURES AB We report on the features of the F region plasma perturbations during HF heating experiments at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program facility in March-April 2011 and May-June 2014. The diagnostics included multifrequency Doppler (phase) sounding (MDS) and stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE). The results concern modification of the electron density profile near the reflection and upper hybrid heights, as well as correlation of the density modification with temporal behavior of narrow continuum, downshifted maximum, and broad continuum SEE spectral features. We reveal also a new SEE spectral feature which appears in the SEE spectra for the pump frequency f(0) near the third and fourth electron gyroharmonics. It is located in the SEE spectrum well below the pump wave frequency, f-f(0)similar to-(40-220)kHz, occupies a wide frequency range till 100-150kHz, and is termed the broad downshifted emission. C1 [Sergeev, Evgeny N.; Shindin, Alexey V.; Grach, Savely M.] Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Fac Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Sergeev, Evgeny N.] Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Radiophys Res Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Milikh, Gennady M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mishin, Evgeny V.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grach, SM (reprint author), Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Fac Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. EM sgrach@rf.unn.ru RI Shindin, Alexey/R-8728-2016 OI Shindin, Alexey/0000-0003-1242-5666 FU Education and Science Ministry [3.1252.2014/k]; RSF [14-12-00706]; RFBR [16-02-00798, 16-32-60176]; MURI [FA95501410019]; NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program FX E.S., A.S., and S.G. were supported by Education and Science Ministry Project 3.1252.2014/k (section 1, experimental work), RSF grant 14-12-00706 (sections 2-4), and RFBR grants 16-02-00798 and 16-32-60176 (section 9). G.M. was supported by the MURI grant FA95501410019 (experimental work). E.M. was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (experimental work). P.B., C.S., S.B., and M.M. were supported by the NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program (experimental work). The data of the experiments are available from the authors upon request (sgrach@rf.unn.ru). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1118 EP 1130 DI 10.1002/2015RS005936 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200021 ER PT J AU De Sio, L Cataldi, U Burgi, T Tabiryan, N Bunning, TJ AF De Sio, Luciano Cataldi, Ugo Burgi, Thomas Tabiryan, Nelson Bunning, Timothy J. TI Control of the plasmonic resonance of a graphene coated plasmonic nanoparticle array combined with a nematic liquid crystal SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SUBSTRATE; COLOR AB We report on the fabrication and characterization of a switchable plasmonic device based on a conductive graphene oxide (cGO) coated plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) array, layered with nematic liquid crystal (NLC) as an active medium. A monolayer of NPs has been immobilized on a glass substrate through electrostatic interaction, and then grown in place using nanochemistry. This monolayer is then coated with a thin (less then 100nm) cGO film which acts simultaneously as both an electro-conductive and active medium. The combination of the conductive NP array with a separate top cover substrate having both cGO and a standard LC alignment layer is used for aligning a NLC film in a hybrid configuration. The system is analysed in terms of morphological and electro-optical properties. The spectral response of the sample characterized after each element is added (air, cGO, NLC) reveals a red-shift of the localized plasmonic resonance (LPR) frequency of approximately 62nm with respect to the NP array surrounded by air. The application of an external voltage (8Vpp) is suitable to modulate (blue shift) the LPR frequency by approximately 22nm. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [De Sio, Luciano; Tabiryan, Nelson] Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, 1300 Lee Rd, Orlando, FL 32789 USA. [Cataldi, Ugo; Burgi, Thomas] Univ Geneva, Dept Chim Phys, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bunning, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP De Sio, L (reprint author), Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, 1300 Lee Rd, Orlando, FL 32789 USA. EM luciano@beamco.com OI CATALDI, UGO/0000-0001-6123-0940; Burgi, Thomas/0000-0003-0906-082X NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 7 AR 075114 DI 10.1063/1.4959869 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DU7OF UT WOS:000382403600039 ER PT J AU Yeo, CD Palazotto, A Song, JG Buentello, R AF Yeo, Chang-Dong Palazotto, Anthony Song, Jingan Buentello, Rodolfo TI Evaluation of Thermomechanical Damage of a Slipper and Rail in a Rocket Sled System SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE sliding contact; frictional heat; adiabatic heat; gouging; plowing; thermal softening; hyper-speed ID HYPERVELOCITY GOUGING IMPACTS; TEMPERATURE RISE DISTRIBUTION; METAL-CUTTING PROCESS; HIGH SLIDING SPEEDS; HEAT-SOURCE; INTERFACE; VELOCITY AB During the rocket sled test, slippers and rail experience high-speed sliding contact causing critical damage on the surfaces. Because of the significant temperature rise on the contacting surfaces, its fracture mechanism relies on the temperature-dependent material properties. In this study, the thermomechanical damage of the slipper and the rail is systematically investigated through 3D finite-element analysis (FEA) model and simulations. The sliding velocity consisted of 20 m/s, 200 m/s, and 1500 m/s, whereas the vertical velocity (bouncing speed of the slippers) was assumed to be 1.1 m/s. The unique method of including the aerodynamic bounce by allowing the rail to move vertically is quite different from other models explored by collaborating authors. The process of material thermal softening by adiabatic and frictional heat generation is applied to the modeling. From the simulation results, it is found that the damage process and pattern of the slipper and the rail asperity is very dependent upon the sliding velocity and the slipper temperature. For the sliding velocity of 20 m/s, the damage rate of the slipper gradually increases with the elapsed contact time, where the slipper surface produces a plowing type of damage pattern (continuous scratch). However, when the sliding velocity increases beyond 200 m/s, the slipper surface starts showing a gouging type of damage pattern along with a chopping material removal in the rail asperity. C1 [Yeo, Chang-Dong; Song, Jingan] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Palazotto, Anthony; Buentello, Rodolfo] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Yeo, CD (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM changdong.yeo@ttu.edu OI Yeo, Chang-Dong/0000-0001-6489-2173 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The writers acknowledge the support of Dr. Michael Kendra and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 EI 1945-7553 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 4 DI 10.1520/JTE20140367 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA DU5CK UT WOS:000382229500027 ER PT J AU Greenwood, AD Hammond, JF Zhang, P Lau, YY AF Greenwood, A. D. Hammond, J. F. Zhang, P. Lau, Y. Y. TI On relativistic space charge limited current in planar, cylindrical, and spherical diodes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB This paper revisits the relativistic limiting current in planar, cylindrical, and spherical diodes, with alternative analytic and numerical treatments which are easy to implement. Convenient, approximate expressions for the limited current are presented for gap voltages up to 10 MV. They are accurate to within 1% for planar diode, and to within 4% for both cylindrical and spherical diode in the range 10(-5) < r(c)/r(a) < 500, where r(a) and r(c) are, respectively, the anode and cathode radius. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Greenwood, A. D.; Hammond, J. F.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Zhang, P.; Lau, Y. Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Greenwood, AD (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. FU AFOSR [14RD02COR, FA9550-14-1-0309] FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with Don Shiffler and Wilkin Tang. A. D. Greenwood and J. F. Hammond were supported by AFOSR Grant No. 14RD02COR. P. Zhang and Y. Y. Lau were supported by AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-14-1-0309. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2016 VL 23 IS 7 AR 072101 DI 10.1063/1.4954827 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DU8FD UT WOS:000382447800006 ER PT J AU Glocer, A Rastatter, L Kuznetsova, M Pulkkinen, A Singer, HJ Balch, C Weimer, D Welling, D Wiltberger, M Raeder, J Weigel, RS McCollough, J Wing, S AF Glocer, A. Rastatter, L. Kuznetsova, M. Pulkkinen, A. Singer, H. J. Balch, C. Weimer, D. Welling, D. Wiltberger, M. Raeder, J. Weigel, R. S. McCollough, J. Wing, S. TI Community-wide validation of geospace model local K-index predictions to support model transition to operations SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND; SYSTEMS AB We present the latest result of a community-wide space weather model validation effort coordinated among the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC), model developers, and the broader science community. Validation of geospace models is a critical activity for both building confidence in the science results produced by the models and in assessing the suitability of the models for transition to operations. Indeed, a primary motivation of this work is supporting NOAA/SWPC's effort to select a model or models to be transitioned into operations. Our validation efforts focus on the ability of the models to reproduce a regional index of geomagnetic disturbance, the local K-index. Our analysis includes six events representing a range of geomagnetic activity conditions and six geomagnetic observatories representing midlatitude and high-latitude locations. Contingency tables, skill scores, and distribution metrics are used for the quantitative analysis of model performance. We consider model performance on an event-by-event basis, aggregated over events, at specific station locations, and separated into high-latitude and midlatitude domains. A summary of results is presented in this report, and an online tool for detailed analysis is available at the CCMC. C1 [Glocer, A.; Rastatter, L.; Kuznetsova, M.; Pulkkinen, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Singer, H. J.; Balch, C.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Weimer, D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Space Sci & Engn Res, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Welling, D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wiltberger, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Raeder, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Space Sci Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Raeder, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Weigel, R. S.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [McCollough, J.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Wing, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. RP Glocer, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM alex.glocer-1@nasa.gov RI Wiltberger, Michael/B-8781-2008; McCollough, James/A-2489-2016 OI Wiltberger, Michael/0000-0002-4844-3148; McCollough, James/0000-0003-3615-8857 FU National Science Foundation FX The data from the ground-based magnetic observatories was critical to this study. As such, we thank the institutions that support those observatories as well as INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of practice (www.intermagnet.org). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation. All model output used in the analysis is available through the CCMC as described in the manuscript. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1542-7390 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD JUL PY 2016 VL 14 IS 7 BP 469 EP 480 DI 10.1002/2016SW001387 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DV5SS UT WOS:000382990100002 ER PT J AU Fortuna, G DuBose, JJ Mendelsberg, R Inaba, K Haider, A Joseph, B Skarupa, D Selleck, MJ O'Callaghan, TA Charlton-Ouw, K AF Fortuna, Gerald DuBose, Joseph J. Mendelsberg, Ranan Inaba, Kenji Haider, Ansab Joseph, Bellal Skarupa, David Selleck, Matthew J. O'Callaghan, Thomas A. Charlton-Ouw, Kristofer CA Lower Extremity Vasc Repairs TI Contemporary outcomes of lower extremity vascular repairs extending below the knee: A multicenter retrospective study SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 09-16, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma DE Lower extremity vascular repairs; below the knee; amputation; limb salvage ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY; CT ANGIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE; PROSPECTIVE VALIDATION; MANGLED EXTREMITY; ARTERIAL INJURIES; POPLITEAL ARTERY; TRAUMA; PREDICT; TOURNIQUETS AB OBJECTIVES: To determine the outcomes of vascular injury interventions extending below the knee. METHODS: Vascular injury repairs extending below the knee from January 2008 to December 2014 were collected from six American College of Surgeons Level I trauma centers. Demographics, management, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 194 vascular injuries were identified. The mean age was 33.7 years, with 88.1% male, and 71.1% had blunt injury. Admission systolic blood pressure was less than 90 mm Hg in 10.8%; prehospital tourniquets were used in 5.6%. Median mangled extremity severity score (MESS) was 6.0 [interquartile range, 6]. Imaging used included computed tomography angiography (58.2%) and angiography (7.2%); with 66 (34.0%) proceeding directly to OR based on examination alone. Vascular interventions were conducted primarily by vascular (66.0%) and trauma (25.3%) surgeons at a median time from injury of 8 hours (interquartile range, 7 hours). Initial interventions included graft interposition (57.7%) with saphenous vein (111) or synthetic graft (1), primary repair (14.9%), endovascular stent-graft (1.5%), and patch angioplasty (2.1%). Fasciotomy was performed at initial operation in 41.8%, and for delayed compartment syndrome in 2.1%. Vascular reintervention was required in 20 patients (6.7%) for bleeding (seven patients) or thrombosis (13 patients). There was a higher reintervention rates for thrombosis among interposition grafts with distal anastomotic sites at the below-knee popliteal compared to those extending to the tibioperoneal trunk or distal trifurcation vessels, but this was not significant. (4/60, 6.7% vs. 6/49, 12.2%; p = 0.34). Postintervention amputation rates were significantly higher among interposition grafts extending distal to the popliteal (4/60 [6.7%] vs. 15/49 [30.6%]; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The management of vascular injuries extending below the knee remains a complex issue of extremity trauma care. The need for delayed amputation is significantly more common when revascularization below the distal popliteal artery is required. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2016; 81: 63-70. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.) C1 [Fortuna, Gerald; Charlton-Ouw, Kristofer] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [DuBose, Joseph J.] Univ Calif Davis, David Grant Med Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Mendelsberg, Ranan; Inaba, Kenji] Los Angeles Cty & Univ Southern Calif Hosp, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Haider, Ansab; Joseph, Bellal] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Skarupa, David] Univ Florida, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Selleck, Matthew J.; O'Callaghan, Thomas A.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. RP DuBose, JJ (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM jjd3c@yahoo.com NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 81 IS 1 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1097/TA.0000000000000996 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA DS5BV UT WOS:000380796400011 PM 26885995 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Jensen, KL Tang, W Shiffler, DA AF Harris, John R. Jensen, Kevin L. Tang, Wilkin Shiffler, Donald A. TI Control of bulk and edge screening effects in two-dimensional arrays of ungated field emitters SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EMISSION PROPERTIES; SURFACE FLASHOVER; CATHODE; ELECTRONS; PLASMA; FILMS; COLD AB In arrays of ungated field emitters, nearby emitters introduce a screening effect, reducing each emitter's field enhancement factor below its value in isolation. At the edge of the array, however, the strength of this screening effect is reduced because the number of nearby emitters is reduced, leading to a variation in the emitted current with position in the array. This may have detrimental effects on the emitted beam properties and lead to increased damage to the emitters near the edge due to increased current, heating, and ion bombardment. In this work, the authors apply line and point charge models to study the impact of screening on the performance of two-dimensional field emitter arrays, with an emphasis on quantifying the extent of the edge enhancement effect, and on assessing potential means to control it. C1 [Harris, John R.] US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tang, Wilkin; Shiffler, Donald A.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. EM john.r.harris3@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Reserve Component Joint ST Focus Area; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support they have received from the Office of Naval Research Reserve Component Joint S&T Focus Area (JRH) and from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (KLJ), without which this work would not have been possible. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 041215 DI 10.1116/1.4953076 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700026 ER PT J AU Look, DC Leach, JH AF Look, David C. Leach, Jacob H. TI On the accurate determination of absorption coefficient from reflectance and transmittance measurements: Application to Fe-doped GaN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ZNO FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES AB For light impinging normally on the surface of a double-side-polished sample of thickness d, the sample's absorption coefficient alpha can be determined from the well-known formula for fractional transmittance: T-meas = (1 - R)(2)exp(-ad)/[1-R(2)exp(-2 alpha d)]. Here, R is a fundamental property of the air/sample interface and is known as the "reflectance coefficient." Often R in this equation is equated to the measured top-surface reflectance R-meas, but such an approximation can lead to serious error. In fact, the authors explicitly show that R-meas = R + R(1 - R)(2)exp(-2 alpha d)/[1 - R(2)exp(-2 alpha d)] and then further develop an easily solvable transcendental equation that determines both R and alpha from T-meas and R-meas. In strongly absorptive regions (alpha d >> 1), it turns out that R approximate to R-meas, but in the opposite limit (alpha d << 1), R approximate to R-meas/(2 - R-meas). Formulation by the authors enables accurate determinations of: (1) epsilon(infinity), the high-frequency dielectric constant; and (2) relatively weak absorbances, such as those related to defects or impurities with energy levels in the bandgap. The authors also compare the exact calculations of alpha in semi-insulating GaN: Fe with those obtained from commonly used approximations. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Look, David C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Look, David C.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Look, David C.] Wyle Labs Inc, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Leach, Jacob H.] Kyma Technol Inc, 8829 Midway West Rd, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. RP Look, DC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.; Look, DC (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Look, DC (reprint author), Wyle Labs Inc, 2601 Mission Point Blvd, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. EM david.look@wright.edu FU AFOSR Lab [14RY07COR]; NSF [DMR-1305193]; AFRL [HC1047-05-D-4005] FX The authors wish to thank W. Rice, T. A. Cooper, and D. K. McFarland for technical assistance. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from AFOSR Lab Task No. 14RY07COR (G. Pomrenke), NSF Grant No. DMR-1305193 (C. Ying), and AFRL Contract No. HC1047-05-D-4005 (D. Tomich). NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 9 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 04J105 DI 10.1116/1.4954211 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700069 ER PT J AU Lyons, JB Ho, NT Fergueson, WE Sadler, GG Cals, SD Richardson, CE Wilkins, MA AF Lyons, Joseph B. Ho, Nhut T. Fergueson, William E. Sadler, Garrett G. Cals, Samantha D. Richardson, Casey E. Wilkins, Mark A. TI Trust of an Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance Technology: A Fighter Pilot Perspective SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trust in automation; automatic ground collision avoidance system; trust; aviation psychology ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; RELIANCE; HUMANS AB The present study examined the antecedents of trust among operational Air Force fighter pilots for an automatic ground collision avoidance technology. This technology offered a platform with high face validity for studying trust in automation because it is an automatic system currently being used in operations by the Air Force. Pilots (N = 142) responded to an online survey which asked about their attitudes toward the technology and assessed a number of psychological factors. Consistent with prior research on trust in automation, a number of trust antecedents were identified which corresponded to human factors, learned trust factors, and situational factors. Implications for the introduction of novel automatic systems into the military are discussed. C1 [Lyons, Joseph B.; Fergueson, William E.] Air Force Res Lab, Human Trust & Interact Branch, 2215 1st St,Bldg 33, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ho, Nhut T.] Calif State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Long Beach, CA USA. [Sadler, Garrett G.] NASA, Flight Deck Display Res Lab, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Cals, Samantha D.; Richardson, Casey E.] 416th Flight Test Squadron, Edwards AFB, CA USA. [Wilkins, Mark A.] Off Secretary Def, Washington, DC USA. RP Lyons, JB (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Human Performance Wing 711, Human Ctr ISR Div, Human Trust & Interact Branch, 2215 1st St,Bldg 33, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM joseph.lyons.6@us.af.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0899-5605 EI 1532-7876 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1037/mil0000124 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA DR7HG UT WOS:000380070000006 ER PT J AU Kosai, H Turgut, Z Bixel, T Scofield, J AF Kosai, Hiroyuki Turgut, Zafer Bixel, Tyler Scofield, James TI Performance Comparison of Finemet and Metglas Tape Cores Under Non-Sinusoidal Waveforms With DC Bias SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc DE Core loss; DC-DC converter; inductor; soft magnetic materials ID LOSSES AB In a previous paper, we introduced a modified Steinmetz equation to account for dc-bias field effects, which requires only a simple dc permeability measurement to predict total power loss. In this paper, we expanded our investigation to include Finemet nanocrystalline material and found that our modified Steinmetz formalism was effective in predicting dc-bias-related losses for this system as well. In this paper, it was observed that Finemet cores exhibit lower losses than Metglas cores under identical test frequencies and bias fields. In addition, we show that a full characterization of the dc loss component necessitates the consideration of higher order (n > 1) harmonic components. In order to quantify these higher frequency loss components, a dc-dc converter-based test system was built to intentionally introduce inductor current harmonics by varying the filter capacitance and parasitic inductance of the test system. Both core types were evaluated under fundamental frequencies of 20 to 150 kHz and dc-bias fields of up to 1.3 kA/m, with the inclusion of distorted waveforms obtained by varying filter capacitance. At higher frequencies, the Metglas cores were found to exhibit greater loss fractions associated with the higher order harmonic components. A detailed summary of the measured core loss characteristics for both core types is included and discussed. This paper includes the details of the measurements, the modified Steinmetz relation, and the loss extraction algorithm used for analysis. C1 [Kosai, Hiroyuki; Turgut, Zafer; Bixel, Tyler; Scofield, James] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kosai, Hiroyuki; Bixel, Tyler] UES Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45432 USA. RP Kosai, H (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.; Kosai, H (reprint author), UES Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45432 USA. EM hiroyuki.kosai@wpafb.af.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 7 AR 8400704 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2512438 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DR5EC UT WOS:000379924800210 ER PT J AU Lin, H Gao, Y Wang, XJ Nan, TX Liu, M Lou, J Yang, GM Zhou, ZY Yang, X Wu, J Li, M Hu, ZQ Sun, NX AF Lin, Hwaider Gao, Yuan Wang, Xinjun Nan, Tianxiang Liu, Ming Lou, Jing Yang, Guomin Zhou, Ziyao Yang, Xi Wu, Jing Li, Ming Hu, Zhongqiang Sun, Nian Xiang TI Integrated Magnetics and Multiferroics for Compact and Power-Efficient Sensing, Memory, Power, RF, and Microwave Electronics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc DE Magnetoelectric (ME); magnetometer; multiferroic; tunable RF ID ELECTRIC-FIELD CONTROL; MAGNETOELECTRIC COMPOSITES; FERROMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PT HETEROSTRUCTURES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; BANDPASS FILTER; PATCH ANTENNAS; FERRITE FILMS; PHASE-SHIFTER; VOLTAGE AB The coexistence of electric polarization and magnetization in multiferroic materials provides great opportunities for realizing magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, including electric field control of magnetism, or vice versa, through a strain-mediated ME coupling in layered magnetic/ferroelectric multiferroic heterostructures. Strong ME coupling has been the enabling factor for different multiferroic devices, which, however, has been elusive, particularly at RF/microwave frequencies. In this paper, most recent progress on new integrated multiferroic devices for sensing RF and microwave electronics will be presented, including novel RF Nano-electromechanical systems ME resonators with picotesla sensitivity for dc magnetic fields and novel gigahertz magnetic and multiferroic integrated inductors with a wide operation frequency range of 0.3 similar to 3 GHz, a high quality factor close to 20, and a voltage tunable inductance of 50%similar to 150%. At the same time, we will also demonstrate other tunable RF devices, including integrated non-reciprocal tunable bandpass filter with ultrawideband isolation more than 13 dB. These novel magnetics and multiferroic devices show great promise for applications, such as compact, lightweight, and power-efficient sensing, memory, RF, and microwave integrated electronics. C1 [Lin, Hwaider; Gao, Yuan; Wang, Xinjun; Lou, Jing; Wu, Jing; Li, Ming; Sun, Nian Xiang] Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, WM Keck Lab Integrated Ferro, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nan, Tianxiang] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Liu, Ming] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Yang, Guomin] Fudan Univ, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Ziyao] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Yang, Xi] Beijing Inst Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Hu, Zhongqiang] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Sun, NX (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, WM Keck Lab Integrated Ferro, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM nian@ece.neu.edu RI Gao, Yuan/E-4277-2016; Liu, Ming/B-4143-2009; OI Gao, Yuan/0000-0002-2444-1180; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-6310-948X; Hu, Zhongqiang/0000-0002-7534-0427 NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 25 U2 34 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 7 AR 4002208 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2016.2514982 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DR5EC UT WOS:000379924800100 ER PT J AU Turgut, Z Shen, Y Leontsev, S Horwath, JC Semiatin, SL AF Turgut, Z. Shen, Y. Leontsev, S. Horwath, J. C. Semiatin, S. L. TI Anisotropic alpha-Fe/Nd-Fe-B Exchange-Spring Magnets Produced by High-Pressure Crystallization SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc DE Exchange spring; magnetic anisotropy; Nd-Fe-B magnets; pressure crystallization ID PERMANENT-MAGNETS; AMORPHOUS PHASE; ALLOYS AB A series of Nd-Fe-B + alpha-Fe nanocomposites was prepared by pressure crystallization of quasi-amorphous rare-earth lean precursors. The crystallization temperature of Nd2Fe14B was determined to be 560 degrees C. Fully dense compacts crystallized under the pressures of up to 1 GPa exhibited a fully exchange coupled behavior with coercivities ranging from 1.98 to 2.5 kOe, depending on the Nd content. The evolution of coercivity as a function of pressure crystallization time indicated slower crystallization/growth kinetics compared with the ribbons crystallized under atmospheric pressure. All crystallization took place within 5 min and optimum coercivities were obtained after 20 min of holding time. Both the X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurement M(H) results indicated the presence of a crystalline texture. Microstructural characterizations by a transmission electron microscope revealed a layered structure composed of alternating layers of Nd2Fe14B and alpha-Fe. C1 [Turgut, Z.; Shen, Y.; Leontsev, S.; Horwath, J. C.; Semiatin, S. L.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Shen, Y.; Leontsev, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Turgut, Z (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM zafer.turgut.2@us.af.mil RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 7 AR 2101304 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2016.2524547 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DR5EC UT WOS:000379924800024 ER PT J AU DiComo, G Helle, M Penano, J Ting, A Schmitt-Sody, A Elle, J AF DiComo, Gregory Helle, Michael Penano, Joe Ting, Antonio Schmitt-Sody, Andreas Elle, Jennifer TI Implementation of a long range, distributed-volume, continuously variable turbulence generator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; AIR; PROPAGATION; GUIDE AB We have constructed a 180-m-long distributed, continuously variable atmospheric turbulence generator to study high-power laser beam propagation. This turbulence generator operates on the principle of free convection from a heated surface placed below the entire propagation path of the beam, similar to the situation in long-distance horizontal propagation for laser communications, power beaming, or directed energy applications. The turbulence produced by this generator has been characterized through constant-temperature anemometry, as well as by the scintillation of a low-power laser beam. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [DiComo, Gregory; Ting, Antonio] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [DiComo, Gregory] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Helle, Michael; Penano, Joe; Ting, Antonio] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt-Sody, Andreas; Elle, Jennifer] US Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87101 USA. RP DiComo, G (reprint author), Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.; DiComo, G (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM gregory.dicomo.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO); U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX Office of Naval Research (ONR); High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO); U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 19 BP 5192 EP 5197 DI 10.1364/AO.55.005192 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DR1TH UT WOS:000379687300032 PM 27409209 ER EF