FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Fleming, SD Rehrig, ST Guthridge, J Holers, VM Shea-Donohue, T Tsokos, G AF Fleming, SD Rehrig, ST Guthridge, J Holers, VM Shea-Donohue, T Tsokos, G TI Crry-Ig, a complement activation inhibitor, protects mice from ischemia/reperfusion (IR) induced intestinal injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1201 EP A1201 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643101699 ER PT J AU Hale, ML Fong, SE Stiles, BG AF Hale, ML Fong, SE Stiles, BG TI Development of a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay for quantitation of mucosal and systemic antibody responses SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1236 EP A1236 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643101906 ER PT J AU Herndon, TM Shan, X Tsokos, GC Wange, RL AF Herndon, TM Shan, X Tsokos, GC Wange, RL TI Expression of ZAP-70 and SLP-76 is required for NF-kappa B activation in Jurkat T cells following engagement of CD3 and CD28 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1177 EP A1177 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643101564 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Warke, VG Wong, H Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC Farber, DL AF Krishnan, S Warke, VG Wong, H Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC Farber, DL TI Human effector CD4 T cell differentiation from naive and memory precursors is characterized by loss of CD3 zeta and TCR surface expression SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A988 EP A988 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100453 ER PT J AU Matyas, GR Alving, CR AF Matyas, GR Alving, CR TI Protective prophylactic immunity against intranasal ricin challenge induced by immunization with Ricinus communus agglutinin (RCA) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A974 EP A974 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100369 ER PT J AU McIntyre, TM Strober, W AF McIntyre, TM Strober, W TI Ig-receptor crosslinking confers a survival advantage to B cells in the presence of high concentrations of TGF-beta needed for high-rate IgA switching. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1201 EP A1201 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643101702 ER PT J AU Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Lenz, DE AF Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Lenz, DE TI Characterization of antibodies toward a biologically active hapten. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UMB, Dept OCBS, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, MRICD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A956 EP A956 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100261 ER PT J AU Palmer, DR Sun, P Leitner, WW Krzych, U AF Palmer, DR Sun, P Leitner, WW Krzych, U TI Sensitivity of dendritic cells to increasing doses of Plasmodium falciparum parasites influences activation of T cells subsets SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Forest Glen, MD USA. RI Leitner, Wolfgang/F-5741-2011 OI Leitner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3125-5922 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A951 EP A951 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100231 ER PT J AU Rao, M Matyas, TC VanCott, TC Birx, DL Alving, CR AF Rao, M Matyas, TC VanCott, TC Birx, DL Alving, CR TI Immunostimulatory CpG motifs induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 oligomeric gp140 envelope protein. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A943 EP A943 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100181 ER PT J AU Sehgal, D Schiaffella, E Anderson, AO Mage, RG AF Sehgal, D Schiaffella, E Anderson, AO Mage, RG TI Different B-CELL clonal lineages in rabbit splenic germinal centers utilize a diverse set of kappa light chain genes, gene conversion, receptor revision and hypermutation to generate heterogeneous high affinity anti-DNP antibodies SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1043 EP A1043 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100775 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Savay, S Priev, A Barenholz, Y Danino, D Talmon, Y Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Savay, S Priev, A Barenholz, Y Danino, D Talmon, Y Alving, CR TI Complement-mediated pseudoallergic reactions to drug-carrier liposomes and emulsifiers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Lab Membrane & Liposome Res, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1127 EP A1127 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643101268 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (hnRNP D) has distinct transactivator and DNA-binding domains. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A1036 EP A1036 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100734 ER PT J AU Ulrich, RG Khan, AS Saikh, KU AF Ulrich, RG Khan, AS Saikh, KU TI Initiation and control of adaptive T-cell responses by NK T cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 SU S BP A992 EP A992 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 307FQ UT WOS:000086643100474 ER PT J AU Schatzkin, A Lanza, E Corle, D Lance, P Iber, F Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Burt, R Cooper, MR Kikendall, JW Cahill, J Freedman, L Marshall, J Schoen, RE Slattery, M AF Schatzkin, A Lanza, E Corle, D Lance, P Iber, F Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Burt, R Cooper, MR Kikendall, JW Cahill, J Freedman, L Marshall, J Schoen, RE Slattery, M CA Polyp Prevention Trial Study Grp TI Lack of effect of a low-fat, high-fiber diet on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; COLON-CANCER; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; NURSES HEALTH; LARGE-BOWEL; PREVENTION; RISK; WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: We tested the hypothesis that dietary intervention can inhibit the development of recurrent colorectal adenomas, which are precursors of most large-bowel cancers. Methods: We randomly assigned 2079 men and women who were 35 years of age or older and who had had one or more histologically confirmed colorectal adenomas removed within six months before randomization to one of two groups: an intervention group given intensive counseling and assigned to follow a diet that was low in fat (20 percent of total calories) and high in fiber (18 g of dietary fiber per 1000 kcal) and fruits and vegetables (3.5 servings per 1000 kcal), and a control group given a standard brochure on healthy eating and assigned to follow their usual diet. Subjects entered the study after undergoing complete colonoscopy and removal of adenomatous polyps; they remained in the study for approximately four years, undergoing colonoscopy one and four years after randomization. Results: A total of 1905 of the randomized subjects (91.6 percent) completed the study. Of the 958 subjects in the intervention group and the 947 in the control group who completed the study, 39.7 percent and 39.5 percent, respectively, had at least one recurrent adenoma; the unadjusted risk ratio was 1.00 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.12). Among subjects with recurrent adenomas, the mean (+/-SE) number of such lesions was 1.85+/-0.08 in the intervention group and 1.84+/-0.07 in the control group. The rate of recurrence of large adenomas (with a maximal diameter of at least 1 cm) and advanced adenomas (defined as lesions that had a maximal diameter of at least 1 cm or at least 25 percent villous elements or evidence of high-grade dysplasia, including carcinoma) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions: Adopting a diet that is low in fat and high in fiber, fruits, and vegetables does not influence the risk of recurrence of colorectal adenomas. (N Engl J Med 2000;342:1149-55.) (C) 2000, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Schatzkin, A (reprint author), NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 37 TC 604 Z9 625 U1 4 U2 28 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 20 PY 2000 VL 342 IS 16 BP 1149 EP 1155 DI 10.1056/NEJM200004203421601 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 305DG UT WOS:000086523700001 PM 10770979 ER PT J AU Li, Y Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC AF Li, Y Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC TI Viscoplastic deformations and compressive damage in an A359/SiCp metal-matrix composite SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE mechanical properties; plastic; composites; aluminium alloys; functionally graded materials (FGM) ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED METALS; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; MICROSTRUCTURAL DAMAGE; PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION; REINFORCED ALUMINUM; MECHANICAL RESPONSE; HIGH-RATES; FRACTURE; PARTICULATE; DUCTILITY AB Recent work by the authors has examined the high-strain-rate compression of a metal-matrix composite consisting of an A359 Al alloy matrix reinforced by 20 vol.% of silicon carbide particulates (SiCp). The work-hardening that is observed in the experiments is much lower than that predicted by analytical and computational models which assume perfect particle-matrix interfaces and undamaged particles. In this work, we show that the discrepancy is a result of particle damage that develops within the A359/SiCp composite under compression. The evolution of particle damage has been characterized using quantitative microscopy, and is shown to be a function of the applied strain. A simple analytical model that incorporates evolving damage within the composite is proposed, and it is shown that the analytical predictions are consistent with the experimental observations over a wide range of strain rates. (C) 2000 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Impact Dynam & Rheol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramesh, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Impact Dynam & Rheol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 35 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR 19 PY 2000 VL 48 IS 7 BP 1563 EP 1573 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00430-9 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 311EW UT WOS:000086872600013 ER PT J AU Gaffin, SL Gardner, JW Flinn, SD AF Gaffin, SL Gardner, JW Flinn, SD TI Cooling methods for heatstroke victims SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Branch Med Clin, Parris Isl, SC 29905 USA. RP Gaffin, SL (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD APR 18 PY 2000 VL 132 IS 8 BP 678 EP 678 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 304RG UT WOS:000086497500021 PM 10766695 ER PT J AU Stankus, SJ Dlugopolski, M Packer, D AF Stankus, SJ Dlugopolski, M Packer, D TI Management of herpes zoster (shingles) and postherpetic neuralgia SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; ACYCLOVIR; THERAPY; VIRUS; DRUGS; PAIN AB Herpes tester (commonly referred to as "shingles") and postherpetic neuralgia result from reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus acquired during the primary varicella infection, or chickenpox. Whereas varicella is generally a disease of childhood, herpes tester and postherpetic neuralgia become more common with increasing age. Factors that decrease immune function, such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, chemotherapy, malignancies and chronic corticosteroid use, may also increase the risk of developing herpes tester. Reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus from dorsal root ganglia is responsible for the classic dermatomal rash and pain that occur with herpes tester. Burning pain typically precedes the rash by several days and can persist for several months after the rash resolves. With postherpetic neuralgia, a complication of herpes tester, pain may persist well after resolution of the rash and can be highly debilitating. Herpes tester is usually treated with orally administered acyclovir. Other antiviral medications include famciclovir and valacyclovir. The antiviral medications are most effective when started within 72 hours after the onset of the rash. The addition of an orally administered corticesteroid can provide modest benefits in reducing the pain of herpes tester and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia. Ocular involvement in herpes tester can lead to rare but serious complications and generally merits referral to an ophthalmologist. Patients with postherpetic neuralgia may require narcotics for adequate pain control. Tricyclic antidepressants or anticonvulsants, often given in low dosages, may help to control neuropathic pain. Capsaicin, lidocaine patches and nerve blocks can also be used in selected patients. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Stankus, SJ (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 23 TC 55 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD APR 15 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 8 BP 2437 EP 2444 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 307UW UT WOS:000086673400017 PM 10794584 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Jackson, JL Doherty, TM Detrano, RC AF O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Jackson, JL Doherty, TM Detrano, RC TI Prognostic value of coronary electron-beam computed tomography for coronary heart disease events in asymptomatic populations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREDICTIVE VALUE; CALCIFICATION; CALCIUM AB The predictive ability of electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) for coronary heart disease outcomes, particularly hard coronary outcomes (myocardial infarction or death), has been questioned in asymptomatic populations. Our objective was to synthesize data on the use of EBCT for determining cardiovascular prognosis in asymptomatic populations. Studies were identified using standard systematic review methods. The outcome of interest was relative risk for myocardial infarction or sudden death, and combined events including revascularization, Nine articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 5 were of independent studies. Using meta-analytic techniques to synthesize prognostic data, there was an increased risk (summary risk ratio 8.7, 95% confidence interval 2.7 to 28.1) of a combined outcome of nonfatal myocardial infarction or death or revascularization if the calcium score was above a median score. Similarly, there was an increased risk for hard events: myocardial infarction or death (summary risk ratio 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.6 to 11.3). However, there was significant heterogeneity in the studies' quality and patient populations. Although EBCT appears to predict combined and hard coronary outcomes similarly in high risk, asymptomatic populations, these results should be interpreted with caution. Further study is needed on the incremental value of EBCT over conventional risk prediction before this test is used in screening asymptomatic populations, (C) 2000 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 18 TC 214 Z9 220 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD APR 15 PY 2000 VL 85 IS 8 BP 945 EP 948 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00906-6 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 306AZ UT WOS:000086575100005 PM 10760331 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Coric, V Zimolo, Z Hoyt, G Wang, S Hazlett, G Charney, DS AF Morgan, CA Coric, V Zimolo, Z Hoyt, G Wang, S Hazlett, G Charney, DS TI Neuroendocrine and psychobiological responses to uncontrollable stress SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr PTSD, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USN, Air Stn N Isl, FASOTRAGRUPAC N2, Coronado, CA USA. JFK Special Warfare Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2000 VL 47 IS 8 SU S MA 231 BP 70S EP 70S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00495-9 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 304ZW UT WOS:000086515200229 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL Trevino, G AF Andreas, EL Trevino, G TI Comments on "A physical interpretation of von Karman's constant based on asymptotic considerations - A new value" SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID BOUNDARY-LAYER FLOW; VONKARMAN CONSTANT; SURFACE-LAYER C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. CHIRES Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD APR 15 PY 2000 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1189 EP 1192 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<1189:COAPIO>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 306HU UT WOS:000086591900014 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Jumping fire: A smokejumper's memoir of fighting wildfire. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 2000 VL 125 IS 7 BP 120 EP 120 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 302QR UT WOS:000086377200192 ER PT J AU Bergman, L Dutta, M Stroscio, MA Komirenko, SM Nemanich, RJ Eiting, CJ Lambert, DJH Kwon, HK Dupuis, RD AF Bergman, L Dutta, M Stroscio, MA Komirenko, SM Nemanich, RJ Eiting, CJ Lambert, DJH Kwon, HK Dupuis, RD TI Photoluminescence and recombination mechanisms in GaN/Al0.2Ga0.8N superlattice SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; GAN AB A detailed study of photoluminescence (PL) of GaN(1 nm)/Al0.2Ga0.8N(3.3 nm) twenty periods superlattice grown via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition is presented. The dependence of the PL emission energy, linewidth, and intensity on temperature, in the low temperature regime, is consistent with recombination mechanisms involving bandtail states attributed to a small degree of interfacial disorder. The activation energy of the nonradiative centers in our superlattice agrees well with the value we derive for the width of the tail-state distribution. Moreover, we find that the average phonon energy of the phonons that control the interband PL energy at high temperatures is larger for the superlattice than for a high-quality GaN film. This observation is consistent with model calculations predicting the phonon mode properties of GaN-AlN-based wurtzite heterostructures. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)00915-3]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Microelect Res, Austin, TX 78721 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Dutta, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 15 BP 1969 EP 1971 DI 10.1063/1.126225 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 301ER UT WOS:000086296200001 ER PT J AU Akkara, JA Wang, JZ Yang, DP Gonsalves, KE AF Akkara, JA Wang, JZ Yang, DP Gonsalves, KE TI Hematin-catalyzed polymerization of phenol compounds SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE AB The oxidative dehydrogenation of phenol compounds, as well as polymer formation from these monomers, was studied by UV-vis and Mossbauer spectroscopy using a novel biological catalyst hematin. The mechanism of the polymerization reaction was also followed in various pH environments. Phenol radicals were formed by a two-step electron transfer reaction catalyzed by hematin in the presence of peroxide, and polymer was formed from phenol radicals by a noncatalytic reaction. This mechanism partially explains the analogous catalytic polymerization activity of horseradish peroxidase. C1 Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Polymer Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gonsalves, KE (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 19 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD APR 4 PY 2000 VL 33 IS 7 BP 2377 EP 2382 DI 10.1021/ma9906534 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 302AV UT WOS:000086343500017 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Demidenko, AA Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Demidenko, AA Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA TI Cerenkov generation of high-frequency confined acoustic phonons in quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT AB We analyze the Cerenkov emission of high-frequency confined acoustic phonons by drifting electrons in a quantum well. We find that the electron drift can cause strong phonon amplification (generation). A general formula for the gain coefficient alpha is obtained as a function of the phonon frequency and the structure parameters. The gain coefficient increases sharply in the short-wave region. For the example of a Si/SiGe/Si device, it is shown that the amplification coefficients of the order of hundreds of cm(-1) can be achieved in the subterahertz frequency range. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)00514-3]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-252650 Kiev 28, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Komirenko, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 3 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 14 BP 1869 EP 1871 DI 10.1063/1.126195 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 298JC UT WOS:000086134700026 ER PT J AU Gunnison, D Zappi, ME Teeter, C Pennington, JC Bajpai, R AF Gunnison, D Zappi, ME Teeter, C Pennington, JC Bajpai, R TI Attenuation mechanisms of N-nitrosodimethylamine at an operating intercept and treat groundwater remediation system SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE N-nitrosodimethylamine; natural attenuation; biodegradation; sorption; adsorption AB The North Boundary Containment System (NBCS), an intercept-and-treat system, was established at Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA), Commerce City, CO, to remove low-level organic contaminants from a groundwater plume exiting RMA to the north and northwest. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected in groundwater collected from the dewatering and recharge zones of the NBCS system. Concern over the fate of NDMA, in terms of potentially exiting the boundaries of the arsenal, prompted an investigation to evaluate potential attenuation mechanisms for NDMA within the alluvial aquifer system and within the NBCS itself. Groundwater, soil, and granular activated carbon (GAC) samples were taken from key locations in the NBCS system. Soil and GAC samples were assayed for sorption kinetics and for adsorption and desorption properties using C-14-labeled NDMA. NDMA biodegradation experiments were conducted by following (CO2)-C-14 evolution from C-14-labeled NDMA in soils and GAC samples under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The sorptive capacity of the site soils for NDMA was insignificant. Furthermore, the adsorption of the NDMA by the soil was almost completely reversible. Evaluation of the degradation potential of the native microbial consortia indicated a high level of NDMA mineralization when measured using bench-scale microcosms. The native consortia had capability to mineralize the NDMA under both aerobic and anaerobic incubations, indicating facultative characteristics. Testing of the local groundwater chemistry revealed that the area of the aquifer of interest was microaerobic and neutral in pH. These conditions were optimal for NDMA removal. While sorption was insignificant. degradation was a significant attenuation mechanism, which may be the reason that no NDMA has migrated off-site. This gives rise to the potential or a long-term sink for attenuating NDMA within the recharge zone of the treatment system. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Environm Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Zappi, ME (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 9595, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. NR 30 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 5 U2 22 PU ASPEN LAW & BUSINESS DIV ASPEN PUBLISHERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 1185 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD APR 3 PY 2000 VL 73 IS 2 BP 179 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00175-2 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 294KY UT WOS:000085911500006 PM 10708892 ER PT J AU Doebler, JA AF Doebler, JA TI Effects of neutral ionophores on membrane electrical characteristics of NG108-15 cells SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE action potential; CCCP; enniatin; in vitro model; membrane potential; membrane resistance; NG108-15 (neuroblastoma X glioma) hybrid cells; nonactin; valinomycin ID MITOCHONDRIAL-MEMBRANE; VALINOMYCIN; SYNAPTOSOMES; CALCIUM AB The effects of several K+-selective neutral ionophores on membrane electrical characteristics of differentiated NG108-15 (neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid) cells were examined. Specifically, alterations in membrane resting potential (V-m), input resistance (R-in) and electrically-induced action potential generation were determined upon bath application of enniatin (0.1-10 mu g/ml), nonactin (0.1-10 mu M) and valinomycin (0.1-10 mu M). Although some cells exhibited a slight hyperpolarization and/or reduced R-in, i.e. membrane electrical correlates of enhanced K+ loss, neither V-m nor R-in were significantly altered by any of the ionophores. However, valinomycin and especially nonactin affected action potentials induced by electrical stimulation. This was apparent in the ablation of action potentials in some cells and in the occurrence of degenerative changes in action potential shape in others. The simultaneous administration of the neutral ionophores and the protonophore CCCP or the superfusion of enniatin, nonactin or valinomycin in high (50 mM) glucose-containing physiological solution did not yield more extensive alterations in V-m or R-in. These data suggest that the neutral ionophores are unable to materially enhance K+ flux above the relatively high resting level in NG108-15 cells. Thus, alterations in action potentials appear to be unrelated to K+ transport activity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Doebler, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD APR 3 PY 2000 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 27 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00193-9 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 300AT UT WOS:000086231200004 PM 10713466 ER PT J AU Hogan, DW AF Hogan, DW TI Untitled SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hogan, DW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 USA SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD APR PY 2000 VL 105 IS 2 BP 680 EP 680 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 306LE UT WOS:000086597500184 ER PT J AU Meira, LB Graham, JM Greenberg, CR Busch, DB Doughty, ATB Ziffer, DW Coleman, DM Savre-Train, I Friedberg, EC AF Meira, LB Graham, JM Greenberg, CR Busch, DB Doughty, ATB Ziffer, DW Coleman, DM Savre-Train, I Friedberg, EC TI Manitoba aboriginal kindred with original cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome has a mutation in the Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) gene SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; COFS SYNDROME; MARTSOLFS SYNDROME; ACTIVE GENES; CATARACTS; REPAIR; INHERITANCE; SIBLINGS; CELLS; ERCC6 AB Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is a rapidly progressive neurological disorder leading to brain atrophy with calcification, cataracts, microcornea, optic atrophy, progressive joint contractures, and growth failure. Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by low-to-normal birth weight; growth failure; brain dysmyelination with calcium deposits; cutaneous photosensitivity; pigmentary retinopathy, cataracts, or both; and sensorineural hearing loss. CS cells are hypersensitive to UV radiation because of impaired nucleotide excision repair of UV radiation-induced damage in actively transcribed DNA. The abnormalities in CS are associated with mutations in the CSA or CSB genes. In this report, we present evidence that two probands related to the Manitoba Aboriginal population group within which COFS syndrome was originally reported have cellular phenotypes indistinguishable from those in CS cells. The identical mutation was detected in the CSB gene from both children with COFS syndrome and in both parents of one of the patients. This mutation was also detected in three other patients with COFS syndrome from the Manitoba Aboriginal population group. These results suggest that CS and COFS syndrome share a common pathogenesis. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lab Mol Pathol, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Calif Las Vegas, Sch Med,SHAREs Child Disabil Ctr, Steven Spielberg Pediat Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Div Clin Genet & Dysmorphol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Manitoba, Sect Genet & Metab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Environm & Toxicol Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Friedberg, EC (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lab Mol Pathol, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD22657-06, P01 HD022657]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08243, T32 GM008243]; PHS HHS [VS55357] NR 34 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD APR PY 2000 VL 66 IS 4 BP 1221 EP 1228 DI 10.1086/302867 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 337QP UT WOS:000088373400006 PM 10739753 ER PT J AU Burton, BS Syms, MJ Petermann, GW Burgess, LPA AF Burton, BS Syms, MJ Petermann, GW Burgess, LPA TI MR imaging of patients with carotidynia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Neuroradiology CY MAY, 1997 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Soc Neuroradiol AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotidynia is an idiopathic neck pain syndrome associated with tenderness to palpation over the carotid bifurcation, Although well known in the otolaryngology and neurology literature, the validity of the entity has recently been questioned, in part because of the almost uniform absence of radiologic or pathologic findings. We report the MR findings in five patients with carotidynia, METHODS: During a period of 44 months, five patients with clinical signs and symptoms consistent with carotidynia were referred for imaging from the otolaryngology service. Each patient underwent MR imaging of the neck on a 1.5-T system. The studies included, as a minimum, pre- and postcontrast axial and postcontrast coronal T1-weighted images. Two patients also had axial T2-weighted imaging and another two patients underwent duplex sonography of the carotids, RESULTS: All five patients had abnormal enhancing tissue surrounding the symptomatic carotid artery centered at the level of the distal common carotid and carotid bifurcation, This tissue had intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and showed marked enhancement, In all patients, the remaining visualized portions of the carotid artery were normal. Normal flow voids were present throughout the vessel, and the caliber of the vessels was always within normal limits. There was no evidence of intramural hematoma, cervical lymphadenopathy, or atherosclerotic disease of the vessel, In one patient, repeat imaging after resolution of symptoms showed an absence of the previous abnormality. CONCLUSION: The MR findings in these patients, along with the lack of any findings to suggest alternative diagnoses, support the existence of carotidynia as a distinct clinical entity. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Burton, BS (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 21 IS 4 BP 766 EP 769 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 305EP UT WOS:000086526700028 PM 10782793 ER PT J AU Schach, RT AF Schach, RT TI Treatment of a Class II, Division 1, malocclusion with the extraction of maxillary canines and mandibular first premolars SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB This is the case report of a patient whose healthy but malformed maxillary canines and normal mandibular first premolars were extracted in order to correct a Class II, Division I, malocclusion. Maxillary premolars were substituted for the extracted canines. C1 USA, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schach, RT (reprint author), 29 Inwood Manor, San Antonio, TX 78248 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0889-5406 J9 AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC JI Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. PD APR PY 2000 VL 117 IS 4 BP 459 EP 464 DI 10.1016/S0889-5406(00)70166-1 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 304EV UT WOS:000086470800018 PM 10756272 ER PT J AU Sleet, DA Jones, BH Amoroso, PJ AF Sleet, DA Jones, BH Amoroso, PJ TI Military injuries and public health - An introduction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford High NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00105-7 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200001 PM 10736533 ER PT J AU Peake, JB AF Peake, JB TI Reflections on injuries in the military - The hidden epidemic SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Sch Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Peake, JB (reprint author), USA, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 4 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00104-5 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200002 PM 10736534 ER PT J AU Jones, BH Hansen, BC AF Jones, BH Hansen, BC TI An armed forces epidemiological board evaluation of injuries in the military SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SURVEILLANCE C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Jones, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-K63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RI Hansen, Barbara/J-8723-2012 OI Hansen, Barbara/0000-0001-9646-3525 NR 22 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 14 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00170-1 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200005 PM 10736537 ER PT J AU Smith, GS Dannenberg, AL Amoroso, PJ AF Smith, GS Dannenberg, AL Amoroso, PJ TI Hospitalization due to injuries in the military - Evaluation of current data and recommendations on their use for injury prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE wounds and injuries; hospitalization; military personnel; patient discharge; population surveillance; military medicine ID EXERCISE-RELATED INJURIES; RISK-FACTORS; PERSONNEL; ACCURACY; WOMEN AB Introduction: Injuries inflict the largest health impact on military populations in terms of hospitalization. Hospitalized injuries result in the largest direct costs of medical care and the most lost workdays, include the largest proportion of disabling injuries, and have the largest impact on troop readiness. Efforts are now beginning to focus on how injury surveillance data can be used to reduce the burden of injuries, This article examines the value of administrative hospital discharge databases in the military for routine injury surveillance, as well as investigation of specific injury problems, including musculoskeletal conditions that are frequently sequelae of old injuries. Methods: Data on hospitalizations for injuries and musculoskeletal conditions were obtained from separate administrative agencies for the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Since 1989, a Standard Inpatient Data Record (SIDR) has been used to ensure uniformity in data collection across the services utilizing standard ICD-9 codes. Cause of injury was coded using special military cause codes (STANAG codes) developed by NATO. Data were analyzed on both nature and cause of injury. Denominator data on troop strength were obtained from the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC). Results: Hospital records data indicate that injuries and musculoskeletal conditions have a bigger impact on the health of service members and military/combat readiness than any other ICD-9 Principal Diagnostic Group (higher incidence and higher noneffective rate or days not available for duty). Hospitalization rates for injury appeared to decline for all services from 1980 to 1992. In 1992, service-specific injury hospitalization rates per 1000 person-years were 15.6 for the Army, 8.3 for the Navy (enlisted only), and 7.7 for the Air Force, while die corresponding hospitalization rate for musculoskeletal conditions was higher in all three services: 28.1, 9.7, and 12.0, respectively. Conclusions: Military hospital discharge databases are an important source of information on severe injuries and are more comprehensive than civilian databases. They include detailed injury information that can be useful for injury prevention acid surveillance purposes. Specifically, it can be used to identify high-risk groups or hazards for targeting prevention resources. These may vary widely by service, rank, and job tasks. Hospital discharge data can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for reducing injury rates. Recommendations were submitted to further improve data collection and the use of hospital data for research and injury prevention. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. USA, Res Inst Epidemiol Med, Natick, MA USA. RP Smith, GS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R29AA07700] NR 39 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 41 EP 53 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00171-3 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200008 PM 10736540 ER PT J AU Writer, JV DeFraites, RF Keep, LW AF Writer, JV DeFraites, RF Keep, LW TI Non-battle injury casualties during the Persian Gulf War and other deployments SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE military medicine; military personnel; war; wounds and injuries ID OPERATIONS; DISEASE AB Objective: To review injury occurrence and to evaluate various injury surveillance systems used on recent deployments of U.S. military personnel. Background: Injuries that occur in a deployed military force are more likely to have an immediate and detrimental effect on the military mission than those in garrison or training. These injuries have a direct impact on deployed personnel and unit readiness and consume limited field medical resources. Methods: Data collected during four recent deployments were evaluated. Administrative databases established for the routine collection of death and hospital admissions were used to characterize mortality and morbidity ill the Persian Gulf War. Surveillance teams deployed to Haiti, Somalia, and Egypt provided inpatient and outpatient data for those missions. Results: Data collected by these surveillance systems are presented, Unintentional trauma accounted for 81% of deaths during the Persian Gulf War and 25% of hospital admissions. During operations in Somalia and Haiti, 2.5% to 3.5% of about 20,000 troops in each deployment sought medical treatment for an injury or orthopedic problem each week. In Egypt, injuries accounted for about 25% of all outpatient visits to medical treatment facilities. Conclusions: Injuries were the leading cause of death and a leading cause of morbidity during recent deployments of U.S. troops. Comprehensive injury surveillance systems are needed during deployments to provide complete and accurate information to commanders responsible for the safety of the force. Recommendations fur establishing such systems are made in this article. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Writer, JV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 64 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00115-X PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200010 PM 10736542 ER PT J AU Jones, BH Perrotta, DM Canham-Chervak, ML Nee, MA Brundage, JF AF Jones, BH Perrotta, DM Canham-Chervak, ML Nee, MA Brundage, JF TI Injuries in the military - A review and commentary focused on prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE military personnel; wounds and injuries; accident prevention; population surveillance; military medicine; injury prevention ID UNITED-STATES; INFANTRY SOLDIERS; ATHLETIC INJURIES; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE; ARMY; FLEXIBILITY; EXERCISE; STRENGTH AB Background: In November 1996, the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board (AFEB) Injury Prevention and Control Work Group issued a report that cited injuries as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among military service members. This article reviews the types and categories of military morbidity and mortality data examined by the AFEB work group and the companion Department of Defense (DoD) Injury Surveillance and Prevention Work Group. This article further uses the injury data reviewed to illustrate the role of surveillance and research in injury prevention. The review provides the context for discussion of the implications of the AFEB work group's findings for the prevention of injuries in the military. Methods: The AFEB work group consisted of 11 civilian injury epidemiologists, health professionals and scientists from academia, and other non-DoD government agencies, plus six military liaison officers. Injury data from medical databases were provided to the civilian experts on the AFEB work group by the all-military DoD Injury Surveillance and Prevention Work Group. The AFEB work group assessed the value of each database to the process of prevention and made recommendations for improvement and use of each data source. Results: Both work groups found that injuries were the single leading cause of deaths, disabilities, hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and manpower losses among military service members. They also identified numerous data sources useful for determining the causes and risk factors for injuries. Those data sources indicate that training injuries, sports, falls, and motor vehicle crashes are among the most important causes of morbidity for military personnel. Conclusions: While the work group recommends ways to prevent injuries, they felt the top priority for injury prevention must be the formation of a comprehensive medical surveillance system. Data front this surveillance system must be used routinely to prioritize and monitor injury and disease prevention and research programs. The success of injury prevention will depend not just on use of surveillance but also partner ships among the medical, surveillance, and safety agencies of the military services as well as the military commanders, other decision makers, and service members whose direct actions can prevent injuries and disease. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Texas Dept Hlth, Austin, TX 78756 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Military Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP Jones, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 50 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 71 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00169-5 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200011 PM 10736543 ER PT J AU Bell, NS Amoroso, PJ Yore, MM Smith, GS Jones, BH AF Bell, NS Amoroso, PJ Yore, MM Smith, GS Jones, BH TI Self-reported risk-taking behaviors and hospitalization for motor vehicle injury among active duty army personnel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE military personnel; wounds and injuries; hospitalization; alcohol drinking; drinking behavior; automobile driving; risk-taking behavior; military medicine ID UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; MILITARY PERSONNEL; DRIVER AGE; DRINKING; HEALTH; EMERGENCY; COSTS; MORTALITY; PATTERNS AB Background: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury in the Army. Behaviors increasing risk for motor vehicle crashes are also prevalent, but research has not linked these behaviors directly to injury outcomes (e.g., hospitalizations). Methods: To evaluate the relationship between behavior and motor vehicle crash injuries, 99,981 Army personnel who completed Health Risk Appraisal surveys in 1992 were followed for up to 6 years. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to evaluate speeding, seat belt use, drinking patterns, and demographics. Results: A total of 429 soldiers were hospitalized for motor vehicle injury. Unadjusted analyses revealed that heavy drinking, drinking and driving, speeding, low seat belt use, younger age, minority race/ethnicity, and enlisted rank were significantly associated with motor vehicle injury, but neither smoking nor gender was. Multivariate models showed a significant trend of increasing injury risk with younger ages. Soldiers under age 21 were injured almost five times more often than those over age 40 (HR 4.89, 2.56-9.33). Also associated with risk for hospitalizations were minority race (HR 1.78, 1.46-2.18), heaviest drinkers versus abstainers (HR 1.81, 1.11-2.94), and seat belt use of 50% or less versus 100% (HR 1.40, 1.07-1.85). Although nonsignificant, there was evidence of an age-drinking interaction where the difference in injury risk between those older and those younger than 21 was greatest ai low alcohol consumption levels. Conclusions: Modifiable risk factors associated with motor vehicle injuries include heavy drinking and low seat belt use. Programs targeting these behaviors that meet the needs of young and minority soldiers are needed. The high density of young, at-risk soldiers residing in base housing may provide a unique opportunity for a residential intervention program. C1 Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Bell, NS (reprint author), Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, 8 Nonesuch Dr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R29AA07700, R29 AA11407-01A1] NR 62 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00168-3 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200012 PM 10736544 ER PT J AU Altarac, M Gardner, JW Popovich, RM Potter, R Knapik, JJ Jones, BH AF Altarac, M Gardner, JW Popovich, RM Potter, R Knapik, JJ Jones, BH TI Cigarette smoking and exercise-related injuries among young men and women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE athletic injuries; cumulative trauma disorders; stress fractures; military medicine; physical fitness; smoking; soft tissue injuries ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; RISK-FACTORS; STRESS-FRACTURES; TRAINING-PROGRAM; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; OVERUSE INJURIES; HIP FRACTURE; TOBACCO USE; MILITARY; ARMY AB Background: We evaluate whether a recent history of cigarette smoking is a risk factor for exercise-related injuries sustained during Army basic training, controlling for meters such as demographic, physical fitness, and health variables. Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study in 1087 male and 915 female Army recruits undergoing 8-week basic military training, Data were collected from questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, physical fitness tests, company training logs, and medical records of all clinic visits. Results: During the 8-week training period, 33% of men and 50% of women had at least one clinic visit for injury, including 14% of men and 25% of women who lost more than 5 days of training due to injury. Recruits who reported smoking at least one cigarette in the month prior to beginning basic training (which was conducted in a smoke-free environment) had significantly higher injury rates during training than those who did not report smoking (40% versus 29% for men, and 56% versus 46% for women). The relationship with smoking history was present most strongly for overuse injuries (32% versus 24% in men and 51% versus 40% in women). Multiple logistic regression analyses controlling for all other factors consistently showed adjusted odds ratios of about 1.5 for injury rate in those with a history of smoking compared to those without. Conclusions: The association of history of cigarette smoking with injury occurrence was consistent throughout the analyses, with very little confounding by other factors. The detrimental effects of smoking on injuries appears to persist at least several weeks after cessation of smoking. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gardner, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 47 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00166-X PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200013 PM 10736545 ER PT J AU Sulsky, SI Mundt, KA Bigelow, C Amoroso, PJ AF Sulsky, SI Mundt, KA Bigelow, C Amoroso, PJ TI Case-control study of discharge from the U.S, army for disabling occupational knee injury - The role of gender, race/ethnicity, and age SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE occupational accident; knee injuries; persons with disability; military medicine; demography; case-control studies; military personnel ID INFANTRY SOLDIERS; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; JOINT; RISK; HIP AB Background: Occupational injuries are responsible for more lost time from work, productivity, and working years of life than any other health condition in either civilian or noncombat military sectors. Injuries, not illnesses, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among U.S. A-my personnel. We examined the separate and joint roles of gender, race/ethnicity, and age in the odds of discharge from the Army for disabling knee injury. Methods: A total of 860 women and 7868 men were discharged from the Army between 1980 and 1995 for knee-related disability and met all inclusion criteria for this study. All women and a subsample of 1005 men were included in these analyses, along with a simple random sample of three controls per case, stratified by gender, drawn from the population of all active-duty enlisted soldiers in each year from 1980 to 1995. Mie identified predictors of the occurrence or nonoccurrence of discharge from the Army for disabling knee injury using unconditional multiple logistic regression analyses, Results: We found relations between the risk of knee-related disability and age and race, with marked effect modification by gender. Non-Caucasian men and women were at lower risk than Caucasians at all ages. At most ages, Caucasian women were at higher risk than Caucasian men, and non-Caucasian women were at lower risk than non-Caucasian men. Within race/ethnicity and gender, the risks for men showed an inverted "U" shape with increasing age, and the risks for women showed a "J" shape with increasing age. Conclusions: Age, race/ethnicity, and gender interactions are important in occupational injury. Differences in risk may be related to differences in work assignments, leisure activities, physical or physiological differences, or the ways in which disability compensation is granted. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Appl Epidemiol Inc, Amherst, MA USA. RP Sulsky, SI (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. RI Agaliotis, Maria/G-5334-2012 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00175-0 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200014 PM 10736546 ER PT J AU Cox, KA Clark, KL Li, YZ Powers, TE Krauss, MR AF Cox, KA Clark, KL Li, YZ Powers, TE Krauss, MR TI Prior knee injury and risk of future hospitalization and discharge from military service SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE military medicine; military hospital; knee injuries; knee; patient discharge AB Background: Athletic capability is paramount for survival in military basic training and successful service. Orthopedic conditions are common reasons for hospitalization and premature discharge of military recruits. Medical fitness for military service is determined through a medical examination. Individuals medically disqualified may receive a waiver to enter the service on a case-by-case basis. This study was carried out to determine how individuals with a medical waiver for knee problems compared to recruits without a history of knee injury regarding hospitalization and military discharge. Methods: Two hundred eighty-one enlisted recruits with a history of a waiver for a knee condition were considered high risk. The comparison group was 843 recruits without prior knee pathology. Comparisons were made using frequency and chi-square analyses, relative risk estimates, and survival analyses. Individuals in the high-risk group were 1.4 (CI 1.0, 2.1) times more likely to be hospitalized for any diagnoses and 8.0 (CI 2.1, 29.9) times more likely to be hospitalized for a knee condition than those in the comparison group. Results: Individuals with a knee waiver were 2.1 (CI 1.3, 3.5) times more likely to be prematurely discharged, and 14.0 (CI 4.6, 39.6) times more likely to be discharged for a knee-related condition than those in the comparison group. Conclusions: Unfavorable outcomes were more likely in recruits disqualified initially and granted a waiver than in recruits without a history of knee injury. Military service requires intense physical activity; therefore, further research should be conducted to limit knee-related morbidity, especially in those with a prior history of knee injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Occupat Hlth Clin, Occupat Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cox, KA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Occupat Hlth Clin, Occupat Hlth Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Li, Yuanzhang/0000-0001-8872-4430 NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00108-2 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200015 PM 10736547 ER PT J AU Bell, NS Mangione, TW Hemenway, D Amoroso, PJ Jones, BH AF Bell, NS Mangione, TW Hemenway, D Amoroso, PJ Jones, BH TI High injury rates among female army trainees - A function of gender? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE women; exercise; wounds and injuries; military personnel; physical fitness; military medicine ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EXERCISE; FITNESS; SPORTS; HEALTH AB Background: Studies suggest that women are at greater risk than men for sports and training injuries. This study investigated the association between gender and risk of exercise-related injuries among Army basic trainees while controlling for physical fitness and demographics. Methods: Eight hundred and sixty-one trainees were followed during their 8-week basic training course. Demographic characteristics, body composition, and physical fitness were measured at the beginning of training. Physical fitness measures were taken again at the end of training. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between gender and risk of injury while controlling for potential confounders. Results: Women experienced twice as man) injuries as men (relative risk [RR] = 2.1, 1.78-2.5) and experienced serious time-loss injuries almost 2.5 times more often than men (RR = 2.4, 1.92-3.05. Women entered training at significantly lower levels of physical fitness than men, but made much greater improvements in fitness over the training period. In multivariate analyses, where demographics, body composition, and initial physical fitness were controlled, female gender was no longer a significant predictor of injuries (RR = 1.14, 0.-28-2.72). Physical fitness, particularly aerobic fitness, remained significant. Conclusions: The key risk factor for training injuries appears to be physical fitness, particularly cardiovascular fitness. The significant improvement in endurance attained by women suggests that women enter training less physically fit relative to their own fitness potential, as well as to men. Remedial training for less fit soldiers is likely to reduce injuries and decrease the gender differential in risk of injuries. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 SSDS Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. JSI Res & Training Inst, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Bell, NS (reprint author), SSDS Inc, 8 Nonesuch Dr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 29 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00173-7 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200018 PM 10736550 ER PT J AU Popovich, RM Gardner, JW Potter, R Knapik, JJ Jones, BH AF Popovich, RM Gardner, JW Potter, R Knapik, JJ Jones, BH TI Effect of rest from running on overuse injuries in army basic training SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE athletic injuries; bone remodeling; cumulative trauma disorders; stress fractures; military medicine; physical fitness; soft tissue injuries ID STRESS-FRACTURES; MILITARY RECRUITS; MUSCULOSKELETAL; PATHOGENESIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; EXERCISE; HISTORY; BONE AB Background: It has been hypothesized that a period of rest from running in the early weeks of basic military training will prevent stress fractures among recruits. Design: Modification of running schedules in companies of Army recruits undergoing basic military training was assigned. Setting/Participants: Six male training companies were enrolled and followed during their 8 weeks of basic military training at Fort Bliss, Texas, in summer/fall 1989. Intervention: Intervention companies were asked to rest from running during the second, third, or fourth week of basic military training. Main outcome measures: Data were collected from questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, Army physical fitness tests, company training logs, and medical record abstraction of all clinic visits. Conclusions: The study provided no evidence for a protective effect on overuse injuries of resting from running for 1 week early in basic military training. There was varied physical training among the companies, however, with variation of injury rates that likely related to factors other than the intervention. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gardner, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 147 EP 155 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00167-1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200019 PM 10736551 ER PT J AU Schneider, GA Bigelow, C Amoroso, PJ AF Schneider, GA Bigelow, C Amoroso, PJ TI Evaluating risk of re-injury among 1214 army airborne soldiers using a stratified survival model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE risk; wounds and injuries; military personnel; military medicine; proportional hazards models ID FAILURE TIME DATA; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS AB Background: Many factors interact to influence an injured individual's risk of sustaining a second injury. However, the quantitative assessment of subsequent injury risk has been limited, primarily due to methodologic constraints. The purpose of this study is to present analytical methodology not previously employed in injury epidemiology to identify risk factors for subsequent injury. Methods: Data were collected from a retrospective cohort of 1214 U.S. Army Airborne soldiers. Lower extremity and low-back musculoskeletal injuries were identified from outpatient medical records. The Prentice, Williams, and Peterson (PWP) model, stratified by injury event, was used to identify risk factors for initial and subsequent injuries, A Cox proportional hazards model to the time of last injury was used to determine the magnitude of the increased risk associated with having a previous injury history. Results: Risk factors for initial injuries were similar to those seen in other epidemiologic studies of military populations. However, this study found that race/ethnicity, physical fitness, medical provider training, and initial injury types (traumatic versus other) were associated with subsequent injury risk. Additionally, the observed risk of injury was seven times greater among previously injured individuals. Conclusions: In this population, the risk factors for injury differed by el ent (initial or subsequent injury), and prior injury history was a risk factor for subsequent injury. The associations between demographic characteristics, the nature of the initial injury, and risk of subsequent injury suggest that changes in the evaluation and medical management of injured individuals may decrease the risk of subsequent injury. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA USA. RP Schneider, GA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 156 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00177-4 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200020 PM 10736552 ER PT J AU Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS Smith, GS Senier, L Pickett, D AF Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS Smith, GS Senier, L Pickett, D TI Viewpoint: A comparison of cause-of-injury coding US military and civilian hospitals SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hospital records; military personnel; military medicine; emergency service; medical records; population surveillance; epidemiology; wounds and injuries AB Introduction: Complete and accurate coding of injury causes is essential to the understanding of injury etiology and to the development and evaluation of injury-prevention strategies. While civilian hospitals use ICD-9-CM external cause-of-injury codes, military hospitals use codes derived from the NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2050. Discussion: The STANAG uses two separate variables to code injury cause. The Trauma code uses a single digit with 10 possible values to identify the general class of injury as battle injury, intentionally inflicted nonbattle injury, or unintentional injury. The Injury code is used to identify cause or activity at the time of the injury. For a subset of the Injury codes, the last digit is modified to indicate place of occurrence. This simple system contains fewer than 300 basic codes, including many that are specific to battle- and sports-related injuries not coded well by either the ICD-9-CM or the draft ICD-10-CM. However, while falls, poisonings, and injuries due to machinery and tools are common causes of injury hospitalizations in the military, few STANAG codes correspond to these events. Intentional injuries in general and sexual assaults in particular are also not well represented in the STANAG. Because the STANAG does not map directly to the ICD-9-CM system, quantitative comparisons between military and civilian data are difficult. Conclusions: The ICD-10-CM, which will be implemented in the United States sometime after 2001, expands considerably on its predecessor, ICD-9-CM, and provides more specificity and detail than the STANAG. With slight modification, it might become a suitable replacement for the STANAG. (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. SSDS Inc, Natick, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Amoroso, PJ (reprint author), 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 164 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00176-2 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200021 PM 10736553 ER PT J AU Amoroso, PJ Smith, GS Bell, NS AF Amoroso, PJ Smith, GS Bell, NS TI Qualitative assessment of cause-of-injury coding in US military hospitals: NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2050 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE military medicine; military hospital; wounds and injuries; forms and records control ID ACCURACY AB Background: Accurate injury cause data are essential for injury prevention research. U.S. military hospitals, unlike civilian hospitals, use the NATO STANAG system for cause-of-injury coding. Reported deficiencies in civilian injury cause data suggested a need to specifically evaluate the STANAG. Methods: The Total Army Injury and Health Outcomes Database (TAIHOD) was used to evaluate worldwide Army injury hospitalizations, especially STANAG Trauma, Injury, and Place of Occurrence coding. We conducted a review of hospital procedures at Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMG) including injury cause and intent coding, potential crossover between acute injuries and musculoskeletal conditions, and data for certain hospital patients who are not true admissions, We also evaluated the use of free-text injury comment fields in three hospitals. Results: Army-wide review of injury records coding revealed full compliance with cause coding, although nonspecific codes appeared to be overused, A small but intensive single hospital records review revealed relatively poor intent coding but good activity and cause coding, Data on specific injury history were present on most acute injury records and 75% of musculoskeletal conditions. Place of Occurrence coding, although inherently nonspecific, was over 80% accurate. Review of text fields produced additional details of the injuries in over 80% of cases. Conclusions: STANAG intent coding specificity was poor, while coding of cause of injury was at least comparable to civilian systems. The strengths of military hospital data systems are an exceptionally high compliance with injury cause coding, the availability of fi ee text, and capture of all population hospital records without regard to work-relatedness, Simple changes in procedures could greatly improve data quality, (C) 2000 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Natick, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA USA. RP Amoroso, PJ (reprint author), 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP 174 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00110-0 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 298HL UT WOS:000086133200022 PM 10736554 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS Myers, CP AF Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS Myers, CP TI Radiologic-pathologic conferences of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center - Angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia (Castleman disease) of the axilla SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chew, FS (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 174 IS 4 BP 1060 EP 1060 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 296HN UT WOS:000086019100032 PM 10749250 ER PT J AU Jerome, LW DeLeon, PH James, LC Folen, R Earles, J Gedney, JJ AF Jerome, LW DeLeon, PH James, LC Folen, R Earles, J Gedney, JJ TI The coming of age of telecommunications in psychological research and practice SO AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; TELEMEDICINE; TELEHEALTH; INTERNET; TELEPSYCHIATRY; SYSTEM AB Rapid and far-reaching technological advances are revolutionizing the ways in which people relate, communicate, and live their daily lives. Technologies that were hardly used a few years ago, such as the Internet, e-mail, and video teleconferencing, are becoming familiar methods for modern communication. Telecommunications will continue to evolve quickly, spawning telehealth applications for research and the provision of clinical care in communities, university settings, clinics, and medical facilities. The impact on psychology will be significant. This article examines the application of developing technologies as they relate to psychology and discusses implications for professional research and practice. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Pacific E Hlth Innovat Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Amer Psychol Assoc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Jerome, LW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Pacific E Hlth Innovat Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 79 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0003-066X J9 AM PSYCHOL JI Am. Psychol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 55 IS 4 BP 407 EP 421 DI 10.1037//0003-066X.55.4.407 PG 15 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 333HG UT WOS:000088124400003 PM 10812693 ER PT J AU Hammer, CL Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT AF Hammer, CL Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT TI Artificial neural networks for the automated detection of trichloroethylene by passive Fourier transform infrared spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Central Regional Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY JUN, 1996 CL DAYTON, OH SP Amer Chem Soc ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION ANALYSIS; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; INTERFEROGRAMS; DESIGN; VAPOR AB Artificial neural networks are applied to the automated classification of trichloroethylene (TCE) signatures from passive Fourier transform infrared remote sensing interferogram data. Through the use of three data collection methods, a combination of laboratory and field data is acquired that allows the methodology to be evaluated under a variety of infrared background conditions and in the presence of potentially interfering compounds such as sulfur hexafluoride, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, and ammonia. To maximize the computational efficiency of the network optimization, experimental design techniques are employed to develop a training protocol for the network that takes into account the relationships among five variables that are related either to the network architecture or to the training process. This protocol is implemented for the case of a back-propagation neural network (BNN) and is used to develop an optimized network for the detection of TCE. The classification performance of the network is assessed by comparing both TCE detection capabilities and false detection rates to similar classification results obtained with the technique of piecewise linear discriminant analysis (PLDA). When applied to prediction data withheld from the optimization of both the BNN and PLDA algorithms, the BNN method is observed to outperform PLDA overall, with TCE detection rates in excess of 99% and false detection rates less than 0.5%. C1 Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Small, GW (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2000 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1680 EP 1689 DI 10.1021/ac991075s PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 299YF UT WOS:000086225500051 ER PT J AU Koehler, FW Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT AF Koehler, FW Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT TI Calibration transfer algorithm for automated qualitative analysis by passive Fourier transform infrared spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PIECEWISE-LINEAR DISCRIMINANTS; PATTERN-RECOGNITION ANALYSIS; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; MODEL TRANSFERABILITY; INTERFEROGRAMS; STANDARDIZATION; OPTIMIZATION; INSTRUMENTS; SELECTION; DESIGN AB The automated qualitative analysis of passive Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) remote sensing data is made difficult by the presence in the data of background and instrument-specific variation. For data collected with a single instrument, variation in the data arises from changes in the infrared background radiance, changes in the atmospheric composition within the field-of-view of the spectrometer, and changes in the instrument response function arising from temperature variation in the spectrometer. When more than one spectrometer is used, the variation in detector responses and phase signatures between instruments serves to complicate further the task of implementing an automated processing algorithm for detecting the signature of a target compound. In this work, a combination of signal processing and pattern recognition methodology is applied directly to the interferogram data collected by the FT-IR spectrometer to implement an automated compound detection procedure that is independent of background and instrument-specific variation. The key to this algorithm is the use of highly attenuating digital filters to isolate in the interferogram the frequencies associated with an analyte absorption or emission band while suppressing information at other frequencies. For the test compounds, acetone and sulfur hexafluoride, it is demonstrated that when this digital filtering procedure is coupled dth either piecewise linear discriminant analysis or a back-propagation neural network, an automated detection algorithm can be developed with data from a primary instrument and then subsequently used to predict the presence of analyte signatures in data collected with a secondary spectrometer. Correct classification rates in excess of 92% are obtained for both compounds when the algorithm is applied to data collected with the secondary instrument. C1 Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Small, GW (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2000 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1690 EP 1698 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 299YF UT WOS:000086225500052 ER PT J AU Fenton, CL Patel, A Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Fenton, CL Patel, A Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Autoantibodies to p53 in sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease SO ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE p53; thyroid; autoimmunity; tumor suppressor gene ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTIBODIES; ASSOCIATION; MUTATIONS; PROTEIN; CANCER AB Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene, p53, lead ro intracellular accumulation of abnormal p53 protein and are associated with p53 autoantibodies. p53 also accumulates in autoimmune diseases and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but it is unknown if p53 autoantibodies occur in the latter. We measured p53 autoantibodies in the sera of 93 patients with thyroid disease and 19 patients without thyroid disease. Anti-p53 antibodies were detected in the sera from 4.2% (2/48) of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, including one patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (3.7%, 1/27) and one with Graves' disease (4.8%, 1/21). A third patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism, but without thyroid disease, was also positive (1/19; 5.2%). None of 19 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer had anti-p53 antibodies. We conclude that anti-p53 antibodies can be detected in the sera from approximately 4% of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. This finding suggests that increased DNA damage and apoptosis may be associated with autoimmune thyroid disease. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST CLINICAL SCIENCE INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1833 DELANCEY PLACE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0091-7370 J9 ANN CLIN LAB SCI JI Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 2 BP 179 EP 183 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 307VH UT WOS:000086674500008 PM 10807162 ER PT J AU Kunin, CM Ellis, WY AF Kunin, CM Ellis, WY TI Antimicrobial activities of mefloquine and a series of related compounds SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB Mefloquine was found to have bactericidal activity against methicillin- and fluoroquinolone-susceptible and -resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and gentamicin- and vancomycin-resistant strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The MICs were 16 mu g/ml, and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 16 to 32 mu g/ml. These concentrations cannot be achieved in serum. Mefloquine was active at a more achievable concentration against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, with MICs of 0.2 to 1.5 mu g/ml, Mefloquine was not active against gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. In an attempt to find more active derivatives, 400 mefloquine-related compounds were selected from the chemical inventory of The Waiter Reed Army Institute of Research, We identified a series of compounds containing a piperidine methanol group attached to pyridine, quinoline, and benzylquinoline ring systems, These had activities similar to that of mefloquine against S, pneumoniae but were far more active against other gram-positive bacteria (MICs for staphylococci, 0.8 to 6.3 mu g/ml). They had activities similar to that of amphotericin B against Candida spp, and Cryptococcus neoformans, Combinations of the compounds with gentamicin and vancomycin were additive against staphylococci and pneumococci, The MIC and MBC of gentamicin were decreased by four- to eightfold when this drug was combined with limiting dilutions of the compounds. There was no antagonism with other antimicrobial drugs. The compounds were rapidly bactericidal. They appear to act by disrupting cell membranes. Combinations of the compounds with aminoglycoside antibiotics may have potential for therapeutic use. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kunin, CM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Room M110 Starling Loving Hall,320 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 15 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2000 VL 44 IS 4 BP 848 EP 852 DI 10.1128/AAC.44.4.848-852.2000 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 295YX UT WOS:000085997200007 PM 10722480 ER PT J AU Newton, P Suputtamongkol, Y Teja-Isavadharm, P Pukrittayakamee, S Navaratnam, V Bates, I White, N AF Newton, P Suputtamongkol, Y Teja-Isavadharm, P Pukrittayakamee, S Navaratnam, V Bates, I White, N TI Antimalarial bioavailability and disposition of artesunate in acute falciparum malaria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORAL ARTESUNATE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ; PHARMACOKINETICS; ARTEMISININ; CLEARANCE; QUININE; PLASMA AB The pharmacokinetic properties of oral and intravenous artesunate (2 mg/kg of body weight) were studied in 19 adult patients with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria by using a randomized crossover design. A sensitive bioassay was used to measure the antimalarial activity in plasma which results from artesunate and its principal metabolite, dihydroartemisinin. The oral study was repeated with 15 patients during convalescence. The mean absolute oral bioavailability of the antimalarial agent in patients with acute malaria was 61% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52 to 70%). The absorption and elimination of oral artesunate were rapid, with a mean elimination half-life of antimalarial activity of 43 min (95% CI, 33 to 53 min). Following oral administration to patients with acute falciparum malaria, peak antimalarial activity in plasma and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve were approximately double those during convalescence and the apparent volume of distribution and clearance were approximately half those during convalescence (P less than or equal to 0.005). Acute malaria is associated with a significant reduction in the clearance of artesunate-associated antimalarial activity. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. Univ Sains Malaysia, Natl Ctr Drug Res, Penang, Malaysia. RP White, N (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 NR 27 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2000 VL 44 IS 4 BP 972 EP 977 DI 10.1128/AAC.44.4.972-977.2000 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 295YX UT WOS:000085997200026 PM 10722499 ER PT J AU Brophy, VH Vasquez, J Nelson, RG Forney, JR Rosowsky, A Sibley, CH AF Brophy, VH Vasquez, J Nelson, RG Forney, JR Rosowsky, A Sibley, CH TI Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors by complementation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE GENE; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ANTIFOLATE ACTIVITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YEAST; EXPRESSION; DNA; TRANSMISSION AB There is a pressing need for drugs effective against the opportunistic protozoan pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum. Folate metabolic enzymes and enzymes of the thymidylate cycle, particularly dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), have been widely exploited as chemotherapeutic targets. Although many DHFR inhibitors have been synthesized, only a few have been tested against C. parvum. To expedite and facilitate the discovery of effective anti-Cryptosporidium antifolates, we have developed a rapid and facile method to screen potential inhibitors of C. parvum DHFR using the model eukaryote, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We expressed the DHFR genes of C. parvum, Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii, Pneumocystis carinii, and humans in the same DHFR-deficient yeast strain and observed that each heterologous enzyme complemented the yeast DHFR deficiency. In this work we describe our use of the complementation system to screen known DHFR inhibitors and our discovery of several compounds that inhibited the growth of yeast reliant on the C. parvum enzyme. These same compounds were also potent or selective inhibitors of the purified recombinant C. parvum DHFR enzyme. Six novel lipophilic DHFR inhibitors potently inhibited the growth of yeast expressing C. parvum DHFR However, the inhibition was nonselective, as these compounds also strongly inhibited the growth of yeast dependent on the human enzyme. Conversely, the antibacterial DHFR inhibitor trimethoprim and two close structural analogs were highly selective, but weak, inhibitors of yeast complemented by the C. parvum enzyme. Future chemical refinement of the potent and selective lead compounds identified in this study may allow the design of an efficacious antifolate drug for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Sibley, CH (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Genet, Box 357360, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI029904, AI42321, U01 AI40319, AI29904] NR 65 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2000 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1019 EP 1028 DI 10.1128/AAC.44.4.1019-1028.2000 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 295YX UT WOS:000085997200033 PM 10722506 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Coordinate suppression of superantigen-induced cytokine production and T-cell proliferation by a small nonpeptidic inhibitor of class II major histocompatibility complex and CD4 interaction SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-DISEASE; MOLECULES AB Proinflammatory cytokines mediate the toxic effect of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). TJU103, a small nonpeptidic molecule that blocks the interaction between major histocompatibility complex class II and CD4 molecules inhibited SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation (by 92%) and production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and gamma interferon (by 66, 56, 76, and 72%, respectively) by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These data suggest that TJU103 may be useful for mitigating the pathogenic effects of SE. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Bldg 1425, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2000 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1067 EP 1069 DI 10.1128/AAC.44.4.1067-1069.2000 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 295YX UT WOS:000085997200041 PM 10722514 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ Battafarano, DF David-Bajar, K AF Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ Battafarano, DF David-Bajar, K TI Etanercept-associated injection-site reactions SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murphy, FT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 136 IS 4 BP 556 EP 557 DI 10.1001/archderm.136.4.556 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 303GF UT WOS:000086413600024 PM 10768663 ER PT J AU Lauder, TD Dillingham, TR Andary, M Kumar, S Pezzin, LE Stephens, RT Shannon, S AF Lauder, TD Dillingham, TR Andary, M Kumar, S Pezzin, LE Stephens, RT Shannon, S TI Predicting electrodiagnostic outcome in patients with upper limb symptoms: Are the history and physical examination helpful? SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE electrodiagnosis; radiculopathy; physical examination; cervical spine; electromyography AB Objective: To determine the effectiveness of medical history and physical examination in predicting electrodiagnostic out-come in patients with suspected cervical radiculopathy. Methods: Data on 183 subjects prospectively collected at five different electrodiagnostic laboratories were analyzed (96 cervical radiculopathies, 45 normal studies, and 42 abnormal electrodiagnostic findings other than radiculopathy). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and odds ratios were determined for symptoms and neurologic signs. Results: Symptoms of numbness, weakness, and tingling were associated with twice the probability of having abnormal electrodiagnostic study results in general, yet were not helpful in identifying a cervical radiculopathy. All single and combined physical examination components had poor sensitivities, with the exception of weakness, but much higher specificities. Patients with either weakness or reduced reflexes on physical examination were up to five times more likely to have abnormal electrodiagnostic findings. In subjects with any abnormal neurologic sign, the sensitivity improved to 84%, the positive predictive value was 79%, but the specificity was low (44%). Of those subjects with normal physical examination results, almost one half had an abnormal electrodiagnostic study result (negative predictive value 52%). Conclusions: In a population of patients with suspected cervical radiculopathy, medical history and physical examination are helpful yet not sufficient to predict the electrodiagnostic outcome, C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lauder, TD (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD APR PY 2000 VL 81 IS 4 BP 436 EP 441 DI 10.1053/mr.2000.4426 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 300WW UT WOS:000086277600009 PM 10768532 ER PT J AU Moore, CB Rutledge, RE Fox, DW Guerriero, RA Lewin, WHG Fender, R van Paradijs, J AF Moore, CB Rutledge, RE Fox, DW Guerriero, RA Lewin, WHG Fender, R van Paradijs, J TI Identification of a likely radio counterpart to the rapid burster SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; radio continuum : stars; stars : individual (MXB 1730-335); X-rays : stars ID RAY TIMING EXPLORER; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; GRO J1744-28; GRS-1915+105; ARRAY; PERFORMANCE; DISCOVERY; BEHAVIOR; MASS; GHZ AB We have identified a likely radio counterpart to the low-mass X-ray binary MXB 1730-335 (the Rapid Burster). The counterpart has shown 8.4 GHz radio on/off behavior correlated with the X-ray on/off behavior as observed by the RXTE/ASM during six VLA observations. The probability of an unrelated, randomly varying background source duplicating this behavior is 1%-3% depending on the correlation timescale. The location of the radio source is R.A. 17(h)33(m)24.(s)61, decl. -33 degrees 23'19." 8 (J2000), +/-0." 1. We do not detect 8.4 GHz radio emission coincident with type II (accretion-driven) X-ray bursts. The ratio of radio to X-ray emission during such bursts is constrained to be below the ratio observed during X-ray-persistent emission at the 2.9 sigma level. Synchrotron bubble models of the radio emission can provide a reasonable fit to the full data set, collected over several outbursts, assuming that the radio evolution is the same from outburst to outburst but given the physical constraints the emission is more likely to be due to similar to 1 hr radio flares such as have been observed from the X-ray binary GRS 1915+105. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Ctr High Energy Astrophys, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cmoore@cfa.harvard.edu; rutledge@srl.caltech.edu; derekfox@space.mit.edu; hr6958@exmail.usma.army.mil; lewin@space.mit.edu; rpf@astro.uva.nl; jvp@astro.uva.nl NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2000 VL 532 IS 2 BP 1181 EP 1191 DI 10.1086/308589 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 304DX UT WOS:000086468500034 ER PT J AU Graham, MJ Zhang, Q AF Graham, MJ Zhang, Q TI Numerical simulations of deep nonlinear Richtymer-Meshkov instability SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Laboratory Astrophysics with Intense Lasers CY MAR 19-21, 1998 CL TUCSON, ARIZONA DE hydrodynamics; instabilities; method : laboratory; shock waves ID DRIVEN; SHOCKS AB The Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability is an interfacial instability between two fluids of different densities driven by shock waves and plays an important role in the studies of inertial confinement fusion and supernova. So far, most of the studies are for RM unstable interfaces driven by weak or intermediate shocks in planar geometry. Some results are given for the weak shock case in cylindrical geometry. For experiments conducted at Nova laser, the unstable material interface is accelerated by very strong shocks. We also present scaling laws for the RM unstable interface driven by strong imploding and exploding shocks. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Math, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Graham, MJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI ZHANG, Qiang /0000-0002-8659-5396 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD APR PY 2000 VL 127 IS 2 BP 339 EP 346 DI 10.1086/313346 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 337FN UT WOS:000088346900022 ER PT J AU Endrizzi, J Seay, T AF Endrizzi, J Seay, T TI The relationship between early biochemical failure and perineural invasion in pathological T2 prostate cancer SO BJU INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; perineural invasion; prognosis; PSA; recurrence; management ID NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ADENOCARCINOMA; CARCINOMA; TUMOR AB Objectives To evaluate, in patients with pathologically localized prostate cancer, the relationship between early biochemical failure, i.e. an increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and perineural invasion (PNI) on final pathology. Patients and methods The records were reviewed of 171 patients with prostate cancer who underwent prostatectomy atone institution between January 1992 and December 1995. Data on the histology, therapy and PSA level were collected and evaluated. Results Of the 171 patients with pathologically localized (pT2) prostate cancer, 131 were evaluable; 17 (13%) had a detectable PSA level in the first 5 years after surgery and 63 had PNI in the pathological specimen. Of those with PSA recurrence, 24 had PNI, one had no PNI and in two there was no comment on PNI. In comparison, only 10 of the 17 patients with recurrence had a Gleason sum of greater than or equal to 7. Conclusion Perineural invasion seems to be an important predictor of early outcome in patients with organ-confined prostate cancer treated by prostatectomy. In this series it was the most sensitive predictor of biochemical failure. A more detailed pathological evaluation of prostate cancer may allow the clinician to provide closer surveillance and better informed clinical decision-making. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Endrizzi, J (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1464-4096 J9 BJU INT JI BJU Int. PD APR PY 2000 VL 85 IS 6 BP 696 EP 698 DI 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00518.x PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 303VU UT WOS:000086446100021 PM 10759668 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Hnatiuk, OW AF Shorr, AF Hnatiuk, OW TI Circulating D dimer in patients with sarcoidosis SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE coagulation; D dimer; fibrinolysis; sarcoidosis ID INTERSTITIAL LUNG-DISEASE; PROCOAGULANT AB Study objectives: To determine the relationship between D dimer (DD) status and markers of disease activity ill patients with sarcoidosis, Design: Prospective, observational analysis. Setting: Pulmonary clinic of a tertiary care, university-affiliated hospital. Patients: Consecutive individuals with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis. Intervention: Determination of serum DD, Measurements and results: The study cohort included 28 subjects, and DD was present in 39.3%. DD status correlated with the radiographic stage of disease (p = 0.035), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (p = 0.026), serum angiotensin-converting enzyme le, cl (p = 0.006), and the presence of dyspnea (p = 0.034). Patients with circulating DD were 3.8 times more likely to have radiographic evidence of interstitial involvement. DD was not associated with either PVC or the FEV1. Conclusions: DD is frequently positive in patients with sarcoidosis, DD is associated with disease activity as measured by radiograph, pulmonary function tests, and serum markers of inflammation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 2000 VL 117 IS 4 BP 1012 EP 1016 DI 10.1378/chest.117.4.1012 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 307AK UT WOS:000086631100017 PM 10767232 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC AF Gaydos, CA Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC TI The challenge of sexually transmitted diseases for the military: What has changed? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; FAMILY-PLANNING CLINICS; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; URINE; DIAGNOSIS C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Washington, DC USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), 1159 Ross Res Bldg,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 32 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 719 EP 722 DI 10.1086/313758 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 313PX UT WOS:000087009000017 PM 10770734 ER PT J AU Jenkins, RA Jenkins, PR Nannis, ED McKee, KT Temoshok, LR AF Jenkins, RA Jenkins, PR Nannis, ED McKee, KT Temoshok, LR TI Correlates of human immunodeficiency virus infection risk behavior in male attendees of a clinic for sexually transmitted disease SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 National STD Prevention Conference CY DEC, 1996 CL TAMPA, FLORIDA ID SUBSTANCE USE; CONDOM USE; ADULTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PERSONNEL; TRIAL; AIDS; STD AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection risk behavior was evaluated in a cross-sectional survey of 400 male active-duty US Army personnel who presented at a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic with symptoms of acute urethritis, High-risk partners were common, and nearly one-quarter of the sample had previously had STDs, Logistic regression models examined correlates of HIV exposure risk, of inconsistent condom use, and of having partners with increased risk of HIV infection, Frequent partner turnover, sex "bingeing," negative attitudes toward condom use, and engaging in sex during military leaves were important correlates of risk. Individuals with HIV infection risk behavior generally were cognizant of their risk for HIV infection, Implications for intervention are discussed. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA Med Corps, Ft Bragg, NC USA. WHO, Programme Mental Hlth, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Jenkins, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 723 EP 729 DI 10.1086/313744 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 313PX UT WOS:000087009000018 PM 10770735 ER PT J AU Jenkins, PR Jenkins, RA Nannis, ED McKee, KT Temoshok, LR AF Jenkins, PR Jenkins, RA Nannis, ED McKee, KT Temoshok, LR TI Reducing risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus infection in a military STD clinic: Evaluation of a randomized preventive intervention trial SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention Conference CY DEC 09-12, 1996 CL TAMPA, FLORIDA ID HIV-INFECTION; AIDS; BEHAVIOR AB Three single-session preventive interventions for reducing sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus infection risk behaviors were evaluated with a sample of 400 men who attended a large military STD clinic. A quasi-experimental, preevaluation/postevaluation design was used, comparing standard clinic care alone versus standard care combined with 1 of 3 experimental interventions: health-risk appraisal, Interactive video, and targeted situational behaviors. Questionnaire data were collected at baseline and during follow-up visits at 2 weeks and 2 months. Findings indicated that the health-risk appraisal and interactive video increased adherence with clinic recommendations to abstain from sex (chi(2)[3199]=19.67; P<.001) and increased readiness to change "risky" partner-selection behavior (chi(2)[2194]=6.42; P<.04). Follow-up data suggested that STD-related risk behavior was particularly resistant to change hut that the single-session intervention had some impact, which could be viewed as a "priming" effect that enhances multisession interventions. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok, Thailand. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. WHO, Programme Mental Hlth, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Jenkins, PR (reprint author), Care Clin, POB 53438, Fayetteville, NC 28305 USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 730 EP 735 DI 10.1086/313743 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 313PX UT WOS:000087009000019 PM 10770736 ER PT J AU McKee, KT Jenkins, PR Garner, R Jenkins, RA Nannis, ED Hoffman, IF Schmitz, JL Cohen, MS AF McKee, KT Jenkins, PR Garner, R Jenkins, RA Nannis, ED Hoffman, IF Schmitz, JL Cohen, MS TI Features of urethritis in a cohort of male soldiers SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 National STD Prevention Conference CY DEC, 1996 CL TAMPA, FLORIDA ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; REPEATED GONORRHEA; INFECTION; CORE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; TRANSMISSION; MANITOBA; RISK AB Of 400 cases of urethritis in male soldiers enrolled in a behavioral intervention project, the etiology of 69% was defined at study enrollment, as well as the etiology of 72% of 25 repeated episodes involving 21 men during the first 78 days of active follow-up (5% of the cohort). Chlamydia trachomatis (36%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (34%), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (19%) were the most common causes of infection identified at enrollment and during subsequent visits (44%, 28%, and 12%, respectively). By univariate analysis, patients with repeated infection ("repeaters") were significantly more likely to report a history of sexually transmitted disease (STD; relative risk [RR], 3) and sex with sex workers (RR, 4) than were nonrepeaters, By multivariate analysis, only STD history was significant (RR, 2.8). Characteristics of repeaters in this cohort suggest that specific patterns may be used to establish screening "profiles" of potential repeaters, by which such individuals might be targeted for aggressive intervention at the time of the initial diagnosis. C1 Woman Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP McKee, KT (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Med Operat Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 736 EP 741 DI 10.1086/313745 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 313PX UT WOS:000087009000020 PM 10770737 ER PT J AU Sena, AC Miller, WC Hoffman, IF Chakraborty, H Cohen, MS Jenkins, P McKee, KT AF Sena, AC Miller, WC Hoffman, IF Chakraborty, H Cohen, MS Jenkins, P McKee, KT TI Trends of gonorrhea and chlamydial infection during 1985-1996 among active-duty soldiers at a United States Army installation SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; MARINE-CORPS PERSONNEL; MILITARY POPULATION; TRACHOMATIS; PREVALENCE; SYPHILIS; HIV; TRANSMISSION; FEMALES AB High rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have been reported in military populations. However, it remains uncertain whether the incidence of STDs is higher among military personnel than in the civilian population. The annual incidence of gonorrhea and chlamydia from 1985 through 1996 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, was determined by use of a clinic database and demographic information for the entire installation. A direct standardization for age, sex, and race/ethnicity was performed, and the adjusted annual rates among active duty soldiers were compared with rates among men and women in North Carolina and the United States. Results showed that the adjusted incidence of gonorrhea and chlamydia among Fort Bragg soldiers remained higher overall than comparable state and national rates during the period of analyses. The 1996 adjusted chlamydia rates for male and female active duty soldiers were 3-fold to 6-fold higher than rates for males and females in North Carolina and in the United States as a whole. STDs continue to lead to significant morbidity in this representative military population. C1 Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Sena, AC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, CB 7030,547 Burnett-Womack Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RI Miller, William/H-4800-2014 OI Miller, William/0000-0002-1934-7827 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00046]; PHS HHS [UO131496] NR 29 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 742 EP 748 DI 10.1086/313742 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 313PX UT WOS:000087009000021 PM 10770738 ER PT J AU Zucker, RJ Bradley, YC Toney, MO Bridwell, RS AF Zucker, RJ Bradley, YC Toney, MO Bridwell, RS TI Gastric volvulus detected with iodine-131 whole body imaging SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE gastric volvulus; iodine-131; scintigraphy; thyroid cancer C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bradley, YC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 4 BP 303 EP 305 DI 10.1097/00003072-200004000-00020 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 297HB UT WOS:000086075800020 PM 10750979 ER PT J AU Jimenez, CE Hwang, I AF Jimenez, CE Hwang, I TI The Colyte renal scan SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE fecal impaction; Hinman syndrome; renal scintigraphy; urinary tract obstruction C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jimenez, CE (reprint author), Rodriguez Army Hlth Clin, POB 34000,Bldg 21, Ft Buchanan 00934, Puerto Rico, Spain. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 4 BP 306 EP 307 DI 10.1097/00003072-200004000-00022 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 297HB UT WOS:000086075800022 PM 10750981 ER PT J AU Williams, GN Taylor, DC Gangel, TJ Uhorchak, JM Arciero, RA AF Williams, GN Taylor, DC Gangel, TJ Uhorchak, JM Arciero, RA TI Comparison of the single assessment numeric evaluation method and the Lysholm score SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LIGAMENT INJURIES AB The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the Lysholm knee score and the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation method. Between March 1995 and December 1996, 201 followup examinations were performed on 130 college age patients who had undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. These 201 examinations were divided into five routine follow-up categories: 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and greater than 2 years, The Lysholm score from each patient's followup questionnaire was correlated with his or her Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation rating, as determined by his or her written response to the following question: On a scale from zero to 100, how would you rate your knee today (100 being normal)? All data mere gathered prospectively, The mean Lysholm scores and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation ratings ranged from 83.0 to 93.4 points and 80.0 to 93.3 points, respectively, The correlation coefficients between the Lysholm scores and the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation ratings ranged from 0.58 to 0.87 points. The results of this study indicate that Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation ratings correlate well with measured Lysholm scores in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, The Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation provides clinicians with an alternative mechanism to gather outcomes data with little demand on time and resources. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 25 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD APR PY 2000 IS 373 BP 184 EP 192 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 303RJ UT WOS:000086437400023 ER PT J AU Rubin, DL Hafer, T Arata, K AF Rubin, DL Hafer, T Arata, K TI Reading and listening to oral-based versus literate-based discourse SO COMMUNICATION EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE orality; listening; reading; listenability; comprehension ID COMPREHENSION; COMMUNICATION; MEMORY AB Previous research has rarely examined listening/reading differences in conjunction with conceptually relevant discourse variation. In the present study, college students either listened to or read ghostwritten speeches or magazine articles. Participants also completed tests of listening ability, reading ability, prior knowledge, and amount of invested mental effort. Consistent with listenability theory, results indicated that listeners and readers alike best comprehended oral-based discourse. Reading was superior for acquiring information, though it required greater investment of mental effort. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Speech Commun & Language Educ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Program Linguist, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rubin, DL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Speech Commun & Language Educ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. OI Rubin, Donald/0000-0003-1639-6989 NR 62 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSN PI ANNANDALE PA 5105 BACKLICK RD, ANNANDALE, VA 22003 USA SN 0363-4523 J9 COMMUN EDUC JI Commun. Educ. PD APR PY 2000 VL 49 IS 2 BP 121 EP 133 PG 13 WC Communication; Education & Educational Research SC Communication; Education & Educational Research GA 299KC UT WOS:000086196900001 ER PT J AU Britt, JO Martin, JL Okerberg, CV Dick, EJ AF Britt, JO Martin, JL Okerberg, CV Dick, EJ TI Histopathologic changes in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle of rhesus macaques, ten days after exposure to soman tan organophosphorus nerve agent) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SEIZURES; RAT; NEUROPATHOLOGY; HIPPOCAMPUS; MECHANISMS; MEMANTINE; PRIMATES; DAMAGE AB Background and Purpose: Soman, an organophosphorus, anticholinergic, chemical warfare nerve agent, is studied at few research facilities, and there have been few pathologic studies of soman-exposed primates. Pie describe the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle lesions, review lesions described in literature, and discuss possible pharmacologic mechanisms for soman-induced neuron necrosis. Methods: In this retrospective, histopathologic study, records were obtained for 36 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that were euthanized 10 days after soman exposure, from a larger group of 103 monkeys that were exposed to soman and used for pharmacologic and lethality studies. Results: Brain lesions were seen in 9 of 15 animals that convulsed and in only 1 of 21 that did not convulse. The brain lesions in our primates were limited to the hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus (of one animal), and consisted of neuron necrosis and dropout, spongiosis, gliosis, astrocytosis, and vascularization, Heart lesions consisted of myocardial degeneration and necrosis. Three animals had brain and heart lesions, 7 had brain lesions only, and 3 had heart Lesions only. Skeletal muscle lesions, although minimal to mild, were in most of the animals, whether they had convulsed, but most had muscular tremors. These lesions were in the biceps brachii (11 of 22 monkeys), anterior tibialis (8/22), biceps femoris (7/22), flexor carpi radialis (5/22), gastrocnemius (3/22), and diaphragm (1/22). The limited literature on soman lesions in primate brain and heart, and the limited information on skeletal muscle lesions, is reviewed. Conclusions: Brain lesions were not as wide-spread as reported in other studies of primates and rodents, and were significantly associated with convulsions. Unlike other studies using rodents, we observed poor correlation between heart and brain lesions; thus, a single hypothesis to explain the pathogenesis for the brain and heart lesions may be difficult to establish. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Britt, JO (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1058-2401 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 50 IS 2 BP 133 EP 139 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 317CA UT WOS:000087206900006 PM 10857003 ER PT J AU Vlach, KD Boles, JW Stiles, BG AF Vlach, KD Boles, JW Stiles, BG TI Telemetric evaluation of body temperature and physical activity as predictors of mortality in a murine model of staphylococcal enterotoxic shock SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-VIRUS INFECTION; TOXIC-SHOCK; CYTOKINE RELEASE; T-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HUMAN-DISEASE; B SEB; MICE; SUPERANTIGEN; HYPOTHERMIA AB Background and Purpose: Hypothermia and death are used as experimental markers in murine models of staphylococcal enterotoxic shock. This study determined whether body temperature and physical activity, monitored telemetrically, could predict impending death and provide an earlier, more humane experimental endpoint. Methods: The study consisted of two iterations (experiments 1 and 2) to determine reproducibility of the model. Each experiment consisted of 24 BALB/c mice surgically implanted with intra-abdominal telemetry transmitters and then injected intraperitoneally with sublethal or lethal doses of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Core body temperature and physical activity were continuously monitored in all mice for 10 days before, and 5 days after, injections. Additionally, in experiment 2, subcutaneous temperatures were compared with core body temperatures obtained by telemetry. Results: Body temperature and physical activity were reduced in mice after administration of SEE and LPS, or LPS alone, but not SEB only. There was a significant (P < 0.05) correlation between mortality and body temperature (P = 0.0077), but not physical activity (P = 0.97). Conclusion: Body temperature proved to be an early indicator of mortality in this murine model of staphylococcal enterotoxic shock. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Vlach, KD (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 53 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1058-2401 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 50 IS 2 BP 160 EP 166 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 317CA UT WOS:000087206900010 PM 10857007 ER PT J AU Macedonia, M AF Macedonia, M TI Using technology and innovation to simulate daily life SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Stricom, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Macedonia, M (reprint author), USA, Stricom, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, 12350 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD APR PY 2000 VL 33 IS 4 BP 110 EP 112 DI 10.1109/2.839327 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 301VE UT WOS:000086330300027 ER PT J AU Lavery, JE AF Lavery, JE TI Univariate cubic L-p splines and shape-preserving, multiscale interpolation by univariate cubic L-1 splines SO COMPUTER AIDED GEOMETRIC DESIGN LA English DT Article DE arbitrary data; cubic spline; interpolation; multiscale; shape preservation ID GIBBS PHENOMENON AB Univariate cubic L-p interpolating splines, 1 less than or equal to p less than or equal to infinity, defined by minimizing the L-p norm of the second derivative over a finite-dimensional spline space, are introduced. Cubic L-2 splines, which coincide with conventional cubic splines, and cubic L-infinity splines do not preserve shape well. In contrast, cubic L-1 splines provide C-1-smooth, shape-preserving, multiscale interpolation of arbitrary data, including data with abrupt changes in spacing and magnitude, with no need for monotonicity or convexity constraints, node adjustment or other user input. Extensions to higher-degree and higher-dimensional L-1 splines are outlined. Cubic L-1 splines are particularly useful in modeling terrain, geophysical features, biological objects and financial processes. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Army Res Off, Div Math & Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lavery, JE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Army Res Off, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8396 J9 COMPUT AIDED GEOM D JI Comput. Aided Geom. Des. PD APR PY 2000 VL 17 IS 4 BP 319 EP 336 DI 10.1016/S0167-8396(00)00003-0 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 297HG UT WOS:000086076400003 ER PT J AU Young, RJ Gilson, RT Elston, DM AF Young, RJ Gilson, RT Elston, DM TI Generalized annular borderline tuberculoid leprosy and update in management of Hansen's disease SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB We describe a patient with widespread borderline tuberculoid leprosy and significant peripheral nerve involvement. Despite the presence of widespread lesions, Fite stains and polymerase chain reaction studies were initially negative. We discuss the diagnosis and treatment of leprosy including recent changes in treatment regimens and duration. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHED, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD APR PY 2000 VL 65 IS 4 BP 203 EP 206 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 307YH UT WOS:000086681400007 PM 10795079 ER PT J AU Bundy, ML AF Bundy, ML TI Aerodynamic jump for long rod penetrators SO DEFENCE SCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Review AB Aerodynamic jump for a non-spinning kinetic energy penetrator is neither a discontinuous change in the direction of motion at the origin of free flight, nor is it the converse, i.e. a cumulative redirection over a domain of infinite extent. Rather aerodynamic jump, for such a projectile, is a localised redirection of the centre of gravity motion, caused by the force of lift due to yaw over the relatively short region from entry into free flight until the yaw reaches its first maximum. The primary objective of this paper is to provide answers to the questions like what is aerodynamic jump, what causes it, and what aspects of the flight trajectory does it refer to, or account for. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bundy, ML (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU DEFENCE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DOCUMENTATION CENTRE PI DELHI PA METCALFE HOUSE, DELHI 110054, INDIA SN 0011-748X J9 DEFENCE SCI J JI Def. Sci. J. PD APR PY 2000 VL 50 IS 2 BP 109 EP 118 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 321MD UT WOS:000087458500001 ER PT J AU Frizzi, JD Rivera, DE Harris, JA Hamill, RL AF Frizzi, JD Rivera, DE Harris, JA Hamill, RL TI Lymphoma arising in an S-pouch after total proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis - Report of a case SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article DE lymphoma; cancer; ulcerative colitis; ileal pouch; proctocolectomy; chemotherapy; radiation therapy ID MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; ANAL ANASTOMOSIS AB The gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We present a case of a 50-year-old male with primary B cell lymphoma arising in an S-pouch eight Fears after a total proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis. After chemoradiotherapy the patient remained asymptomatic, with an intact S-pouch. Pouch conservation is feasible in patients with primary lymphoma of the pouch, using chemoradiotherapy and close follow-up examinations. C1 USA, Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Rivera, DE (reprint author), USA, Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD APR PY 2000 VL 43 IS 4 BP 540 EP 543 DI 10.1007/BF02237202 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 306QV UT WOS:000086608300018 PM 10789754 ER PT J AU Petrikovics, I McGuinn, WD Sylvester, D Yuzapavik, P Jiang, J Way, JL Papahadjopoulos, D Hong, K Yin, R Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ AF Petrikovics, I McGuinn, WD Sylvester, D Yuzapavik, P Jiang, J Way, JL Papahadjopoulos, D Hong, K Yin, R Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ TI In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism SO DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE DFP antagonism; long circulating liposomes; OPA anhydrolase (OPAA); OP hydrolase (OPH); organophosphorous (OP) antagonism; phosphotriesterase; stealth liposomes; sterically stabilized liposomes ID PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; ERYTHROCYTES; ENCAPSULATION; PURIFICATION; QUANTITIES; PARAOXON AB This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized Liposomes, The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Al-teromonas strain JD6, It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin, Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP, The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate, This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OF-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Coll Med, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Pacific Med Ctr, Inst Res, San Francisco, CA USA. USA, Chem & Biol Def Agcy, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Petrikovics, I (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Coll Med, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1071-7544 J9 DRUG DELIV JI Drug Deliv. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 2 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 325MP UT WOS:000087679800003 PM 10892408 ER PT J AU Etnier, EL King, JF Watson, AP AF Etnier, EL King, JF Watson, AP TI Chemical warfare materiel: Unique regulatory issues SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE chemical warfare materiel; environmental media; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act; health-based cleanup; restoration AB The US Army manages an extensive program of environmental restoration that is carried out primarily under authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), which establishes response authority for cleanup of inactive waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulates the management and cleanup of hazardous materials at active hazardous waste facilities. Based on the definitions found in these acts, and corresponding promulgated regulations, environmental media contaminated with chemical warfare materiel (CWM) can be regulated as CERCLA "pollutants or contaminants" but do not appear to be regulated either as CERCLA hazardous substances or RCRA hazardous wastes. In those states that have not included CWM as hazardous materials in their RCRA programs, the RCRA requirements for management of hazardous waste would not strictly apply to any of the CWM. The Army has historically implemented procedures requiring that chemical warfare agents be managed as RCRA hazardous waste regardless of the concentration, physical form, or configuration of the agent. Such application of strict hazardous waste requirements to management of potentially nonhazardous CWM can result in remedial costs well out of proportion to potential human health and environmental benefits. Recent development of chronic toxicity values for the CWM has opened the door for development of cleanup and waste management standards for waste streams or media containing small residual amounts of CWM. Implementation of this health-based approach to management of CWM remediation wastes may, in part, help to reduce potentially unnecessary hazardous waste management costs for the nonhazardous CWM. C1 USA, Ctr Environm, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Etnier, EL (reprint author), 1405 Whitower Dr, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD APR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 4 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s002679910027 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 284DF UT WOS:000085314900001 ER PT J AU Hwang, P Chow, T Adrian, NR AF Hwang, P Chow, T Adrian, NR TI Transformation of trinitrotoluene to triaminotoluene by mixed cultures incubated under methanogenic conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE trinitrotoluene; triaminotoluene; pink water; methanogenic; wastewater ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT TRANSFORMATION; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; CONTAMINATED SOILS; OPTIMIZATION; METABOLITES; GROUNDWATER; REDUCTION; BACTERIA; PRODUCTS AB 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an explosive widely used by the military. Although it is no longer manufactured in the United States, large amounts of wastewater are generated annually from load, assembly, packing, and demilitarization operations Granular-activated carbon adsorption is the standard technology for treating wastewater containing TNT and maintaining discharges within the limits established under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Studies evaluating biological treatment of pink water with an anaerobic fluidized-bed, granular-activated carbon bioreactor have been promising, but the fate of TNT is unknown. We investigated the anaerobic transformation of TNT by biofilm microorganisms obtained from a wastewater treatment plant receiving explosive manufacturing wastewater. The TNT was transformed to a mixture of 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotolune; 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene; 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene; and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene before culminating in the formation of triaminotoluene (TAT). Triaminotoluene was susceptible to further degradation under anaerobic conditions, but its fate was not determined. Methane formation was inhibited but resumed after the depletion of the diaminonitrotoluene isomers. These studies demonstrate near stoichiometric formation of TAT from TNT and the transformation of 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene to 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene by a mixed culture incubated under methanogenic conditions. This evidence indicates TAT is also a likely end-product of TNT biodegradation in the anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Greeley & Hansen Engineers, Upper Marlboro, MD 20772 USA. Illinois Waste Management & Res Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Adrian, NR (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005,2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. EM n-adrian@cecer.army.mil NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2000 VL 19 IS 4 BP 836 EP 841 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<0836:TOTTTB>2.3.CO;2 PN 1 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 300BF UT WOS:000086232400008 ER PT J AU Falk, RH Green, D Rammer, D Lantz, SF AF Falk, RH Green, D Rammer, D Lantz, SF TI Engineering evaluation of 55-year-old timber columns recycled from an industrial military building SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB A large sample of timber was collected from a 548,000-ft.(2) (50,900-m(2)) World War II era industrial military building containing approximately 1,875,000 board feet (4,400 m(3)) of lumber and timber. Sixty 12-foot- (3.6-m-) long, nominal 8- by 8-inches (190- by 190-mm) Douglas-fir columns were tested at the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, and the results were compared with the National Design Specification allowable design capacity. The effects of seasoning checks and splits on residual column strength are presented. Results indicate that about one-third of the columns were downgraded due to in-service defects, such as checks, splits, and mechanical damage. Both the modulus of elasticity and compressive strength were found to be greater than today's design values. C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Dept Agr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. USA, Twin Cities Army Ammunit Plant, Roseville, MN 55113 USA. RP Falk, RH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Dept Agr, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD APR PY 2000 VL 50 IS 4 BP 71 EP 76 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 309HR UT WOS:000086762900014 ER PT J AU Butani, RC Shaffer, RT Szyjkowski, RD Weeks, BE Speights, LG Kadakia, SC AF Butani, RC Shaffer, RT Szyjkowski, RD Weeks, BE Speights, LG Kadakia, SC TI Use of Multistix (R) leukocyte esterase dipstick testing for ascitic fluid infection. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SAUSHEC, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 1089 BP A979 EP A979 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783703986 ER PT J AU Cash, BD Schoenfeld, PS Butler, JA Kikendall, JW Shad, JA Schindler, W Lieberman, DA AF Cash, BD Schoenfeld, PS Butler, JA Kikendall, JW Shad, JA Schindler, W Lieberman, DA TI Preliminary results of the colorectal neoplasia screening in asymptomatic women at regional navy/army medical centres trial: The concern trial. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 2427 BP A442 EP A442 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783701805 ER PT J AU de Lorimier, AJ Byrd, W Hall, ER Roberts, ZJ McQueen, CE Tang, D Vaughan, W Cassels, FJ AF de Lorimier, AJ Byrd, W Hall, ER Roberts, ZJ McQueen, CE Tang, D Vaughan, W Cassels, FJ TI Murine antibody response to a vaccine for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 1763 BP A323 EP A323 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783701311 ER PT J AU Fleming, SD Starnes, BW Wheeler, G Mulloy, D Kiang, J Tsokos, G Rehrig, ST Shea-Donohue, T AF Fleming, SD Starnes, BW Wheeler, G Mulloy, D Kiang, J Tsokos, G Rehrig, ST Shea-Donohue, T TI Role of HSP70i in heat stress and glutamine protection against mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced injury in vivo. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Usuhs, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 5178 BP A1123 EP A1123 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784100252 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Cruser, D Maydonovitch, C Gaertner, E Ramos, F Shriver, C Wong, RK AF Horwhat, JD Cruser, D Maydonovitch, C Gaertner, E Ramos, F Shriver, C Wong, RK TI Changes in cytokeratin 7/20 staining as dysplasia progresses in Barrett's esophagus. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 5709 BP A1247 EP A1247 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784100783 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Baroni, D Maydonovitch, C Osgard, EM Ormseth, EJ Rueda-pedraza, E Yang, H Hirota, W Wong, RK AF Horwhat, JD Baroni, D Maydonovitch, C Osgard, EM Ormseth, EJ Rueda-pedraza, E Yang, H Hirota, W Wong, RK TI The incidence of regression and normalization of intestinal metaplasia in a cohort of patients with EGJSIM, SSBE and LSBE followed over 3 years. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 1350 BP A224 EP A224 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783700898 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Jeffries, MA Schutz, SM Matossian, H Jolley, JJ Sheinbaum, AJ Meadows, JG AF Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Jeffries, MA Schutz, SM Matossian, H Jolley, JJ Sheinbaum, AJ Meadows, JG TI Comparison of daily induction dose interferon alpha 2b plus ribavirin followed by daily combination therapy versus standard combination therapy in treatment naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 6624 BP A1461 EP A1461 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784101697 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Nader, P Cox, J Ganeshappa, KP Reddy, G Nguyen, TT Diamond, K Lindner, M Ostower, V Vemura, R AF Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Nader, P Cox, J Ganeshappa, KP Reddy, G Nguyen, TT Diamond, K Lindner, M Ostower, V Vemura, R TI Treatment of hepatitis C with daily induction dose interferon alpha 2b plus ribavirin followed by daily combination therapy in patients who are treatment naive or have previously failed an interferon based therapy. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 6625 BP A1462 EP A1462 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784101698 ER PT J AU Osgard, EM Kushner, JP Wigginton, T Maydonovitch, CK Dubois, A AF Osgard, EM Kushner, JP Wigginton, T Maydonovitch, CK Dubois, A TI Garlic in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Usuhs, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 5889 BP A1289 EP A1289 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784100963 ER PT J AU Picton, R Eggo, MC Merrill, GA Langman, MJ Singh, S AF Picton, R Eggo, MC Merrill, GA Langman, MJ Singh, S TI Mucosal protection against sulfide insult: Importance of the enzyme rhodanese. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Birmingham, Good Hope Hosp, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 4292 BP A809 EP A809 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783703305 ER PT J AU Rehrig, ST Fleming, SD Guthridge, J Mulloy, D Ward, D Lawson, S Holers, M Shea-Donohue, T Tsokos, G AF Rehrig, ST Fleming, SD Guthridge, J Mulloy, D Ward, D Lawson, S Holers, M Shea-Donohue, T Tsokos, G TI Inhibition of ischemia reperfusion-induced intestinal injury and systemic inflammation by a novel complement regulatory protein. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. UCHSC, Denver, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 4370 BP A829 EP A829 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783703383 ER PT J AU Shad, J Ormseth, EJ Schoenfeld, PS Coyle, WJ Schindler, W Butler, JA Kikendall, JW Cruess, D AF Shad, J Ormseth, EJ Schoenfeld, PS Coyle, WJ Schindler, W Butler, JA Kikendall, JW Cruess, D TI Diagnostic value of diminutive colonic adenomas found on flexible sigmoidoscopy. Interim results of the predict trial. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 1531 BP A268 EP A268 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783701079 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, RW Kadakia, SC Lawitz, EJ Deguide, J AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, RW Kadakia, SC Lawitz, EJ Deguide, J TI Failure of interferon induction dosing to alter sustained response rates in patients with chronic hepatitis C. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Falls Church, VA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 6739 BP A1489 EP A1489 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784101812 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Wu, G Herrine, S Raufman, JP Bacon, B Epstein, M Medoff, J Chen, S Waters, B Krawitt, E Herrera, J AF Sjogren, MH Wu, G Herrine, S Raufman, JP Bacon, B Epstein, M Medoff, J Chen, S Waters, B Krawitt, E Herrera, J TI Efficacy of interferon alfacon-1 in nonresponders and relapsers to interferon and ribavirin. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Connecticut, Farmington, CT USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Medatlantic Invest Network, Annapolis, MD USA. Medoff Med, Greensboro, NC USA. Lancaster Gastroenterol Assoc, Lancaster, PA USA. Univ Tennessee, Memphis, TN USA. Fletcher Allen Hlth Care, Burlington, VT USA. Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, Mobile, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 6738 BP A1489 EP + PN 2 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784101811 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, RW Kadakia, S Lawitz, EJ Loughney, T Deguide, J AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, RW Kadakia, S Lawitz, EJ Loughney, T Deguide, J TI Management of chronic hepatitis C: Effect of duration of retreatment after monotherapy failure. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Falls Church, VA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 232 BP A949 EP A949 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783703864 ER PT J AU Winters, GR Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, MH Reed, W AF Winters, GR Holtzmuller, KC Sjogren, MH Reed, W TI The use of tacrolimus (FK506) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) who are unresponsive to prednisone and human. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 14 BP A897 EP A897 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783703646 ER PT J AU Wong, PW Lawitz, EJ Cantu, N Kadakia, SC Maydonovitch, C AF Wong, PW Lawitz, EJ Cantu, N Kadakia, SC Maydonovitch, C TI Screening and treatment of depression in chronic hepatitis C patients receiving interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin therapy. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 6781 BP A1499 EP A1499 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RY UT WOS:000086784101854 ER PT J AU Wong, PW Shaffer, R Kadakia, SC AF Wong, PW Shaffer, R Kadakia, SC TI Esophageal manometry, 24-hours pH monitoring, and clinical characteristics in 12 adults with multiple esophageal rings. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2000 VL 118 IS 4 SU 2 MA 2642 BP A491 EP A491 PN 1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 309RU UT WOS:000086783702009 ER PT J AU Bowser, LK Kadakia, SC Lamiell, JM AF Bowser, LK Kadakia, SC Lamiell, JM TI Antibiotic prophylaxis prior to gastrointestinal endoscopy: A survey of ASGE members. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 51 IS 4 MA 3330 BP AB63 EP AB63 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 313PD UT WOS:000087007300024 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Meier, N AF Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Cantu, N Meier, N TI Outcome of rescreening patients referred for open access flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 51 IS 4 MA 6969 BP AB233 EP AB233 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 313PD UT WOS:000087007300634 ER PT J AU Lindor, KD Barkin, JS Amaro, R Botomon, VA Wong, RK Horwhat, JD Zuccaro, G Rothstein, RI AF Lindor, KD Barkin, JS Amaro, R Botomon, VA Wong, RK Horwhat, JD Zuccaro, G Rothstein, RI TI Comparison of controlled radial balloon dilators to conventional balloon dilators in patients with benign esophageal strictures. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 51 IS 4 MA 3506 BP AB111 EP AB111 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 313PD UT WOS:000087007300200 ER PT J AU Moses, FM Lee, J AF Moses, FM Lee, J TI Are current endoscope reprocessing procedures effective in clinical practice? SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wramc, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 51 IS 4 MA 3311 BP AB60 EP AB60 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 313PD UT WOS:000087007300013 ER PT J AU Ormseth, EJ Shad, J Schoenfeid, PS Furlong, C Coyle, WJ Schindler, R Cruess, D Butler, JA Kikendall, WJ AF Ormseth, EJ Shad, J Schoenfeid, PS Furlong, C Coyle, WJ Schindler, R Cruess, D Butler, JA Kikendall, WJ TI The predict trial: Predictive value of diminutive colonic adenoma trial - Interim results. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 51 IS 4 MA 3641 BP AB132 EP AB132 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 313PD UT WOS:000087007300275 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Hymer, WC AF Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Hymer, WC TI Immunofunctional vs immunoreactive growth hormone responses after resistance exercise in men and women SO GROWTH HORMONE & IGF RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 03-04, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Amer Coll Sports Med DE somatotropin; hormone responses; immunoassays; gender differences ID IMMUNOASSAYS; ANTIBODIES; PROTOCOLS; RELEASE; SERUM AB Immunoassays for growth hormone (GH) may yield variable concentrations for the same sample due to the molecular heterogeneity of growth hormone and epitope specificity of their antibodies. Strasburger et al. developed an "immunofunctional" assay that only detects those GH molecules possessing intact sites 1 and 2, which are necessary for inducing receptor dimerization and subsequent signal transduction. This study compared the immunoreactive (IR) vs immunofunctional (IF) GH concentrations before and after acute resistance exercise (i.e. six sets of 10 repetition maximum squats separated by 2 min rest periods) in 8 men and 6 women. IF concentrations were determined by an ELISA(DSL) and IR GH by a monoclonal IRMA(Nichols). Both men (M) and women (W) demonstrated similar increases for IR (M: 1.47 vs 25.0 ng/ml; W: 4.0 vs 25.4 ng/ml) and IF (M: 0.55 vs 11.66 ng/ml; W: 1.94 vs 10.41 ng/ml) GH following exercise. Post-exercise IF GH was significantly less than IR GH for both M and W. The ratio of IR/IF after exercise was similar to 2 and similar for both M and W. In summary, dynamic exercise elicited a similar rise in M and W for immunofunctionally active GH molecules, but the magnitude is lower than when detected with another conventional assay. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Ball State Univ, Human Performance Lab, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Program Physiol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Lab Sports Med, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1096-6374 J9 GROWTH HORM IGF RES JI Growth Horm. IGF Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 10 IS 2 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1054/ghir.2000.0146 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 345UE UT WOS:000088832900006 PM 10931748 ER PT J AU Picton, R Eggo, MC Merrill, GA Langman, MJS Singh, S AF Picton, R Eggo, MC Merrill, GA Langman, MJS Singh, S TI Mucosal protection against sulphide insul1: Importance of the enzyme rhodanese SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Dept Med, Birmingham B15 2TH, W Midlands, England. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Good Hope Hosp, Birmingham B75 7RR, W Midlands, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD APR PY 2000 VL 46 SU 2 MA T2 BP A1 EP A1 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 298YZ UT WOS:000086170200003 ER PT J AU Markman, M Blessing, JA Alvarez, RD Hanjani, P Waggoner, S Hall, K AF Markman, M Blessing, JA Alvarez, RD Hanjani, P Waggoner, S Hall, K TI Phase II evaluation of 24-h continuous infusion topotecan in recurrent, potentially platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED SOLID TUMORS; LEUKEMIA GROUP-B; PACLITAXEL; INHIBITOR AB Objectives. The aim of this study was to develop an alternative effective and more convenient administration schedule for intravenous topotecan when used as palliative treatment in ovarian cancer. Methods. The Gynecologic Oncology Group conducted a Phase II trial of 24-h infusional topotecan (8.5 mg/m(2)) with treatment repeated every 3 weeks in 29 patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (prior response to platinum-based chemotherapy with a minimum treatment-free interval greater than or equal to 6 months). Results. The major toxicities of therapy were grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia which developed in 86 and 14%; of patients, respectively. Other severe side effects were uncommon. Only 2 partial responses (7%) were observed in the 28 patients evaluable for response. Conclusions. Despite the relatively favorable ovarian cancer patient population treated in this trial (platinum-sensitive recurrent disease), the response rate was disappointingly low. Considering the three- to fivefold higher objective response rates observed in other trials employing topotecan in individuals with platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer utilizing a 5-day treatment program (delivered every 3 weeks), the results of the current study provide strong support for the conclusion that clinically relevant antineoplastic activity of this agent is highly schedule dependent. (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland Clin Canc Ctr, Dept Med Hematol Oncol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Gynecol Oncol Grp, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Abington Mem Hosp, Gynecol Oncol Sect, Abington, PA 19001 USA. Temple Univ, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19001 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Markman, M (reprint author), Gynecol Oncol Grp, Adm Off, Suite 1945,1234 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 37517, CA 27469] NR 14 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 77 IS 1 BP 112 EP 115 DI 10.1006/gyno.2000.5755 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 304NW UT WOS:000086491200017 PM 10739699 ER PT J AU Long, MC Nagata, LP Ludwig, GV Alvi, AZ Conley, JD Bhatti, AR Suresh, MR Fulton, RE AF Long, MC Nagata, LP Ludwig, GV Alvi, AZ Conley, JD Bhatti, AR Suresh, MR Fulton, RE TI Construction and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against western equine encephalitis virus SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article ID GLYCOPROTEINS; ALPHAVIRUSES; REPLICATION; EXPRESSION; EPITOPES AB A repertoire of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against western equine encephalitis virus (WEE) was constructed and characterized. Anti-WEE antibodies were expressed from hybridomas and purified by protein G chromatography, Each of the antibodies was functionally assessed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), Western blotting, and immunoprecipitations. All antibodies bound to WEE antigen in ELISAs, whereas only a subgroup of antibodies was found to be active in Western blotting and immunoprecipitations, A subset of antibodies was found to cross-react with other alphaviruses, such as Sindbis virus (SIN), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Because many of the antibodies were highly reactive to WEE antigen in one or more of the assays, these antibodies are excellent candidates for immunodetection and immunotherapy studies. C1 Def Res Estab Suffield, Med Countermeasures Sect, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Alberta, Fac Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada. RP Nagata, LP (reprint author), Def Res Estab Suffield, Med Countermeasures Sect, Box 4000,Stn Main, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0272-457X J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD APR PY 2000 VL 19 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1089/02724570050031158 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 320HX UT WOS:000087396700001 PM 10868791 ER PT J AU Krzych, U Schwenk, R Guebre-Xabier, M Sun, PF Palmer, D White, K Chalom, I AF Krzych, U Schwenk, R Guebre-Xabier, M Sun, PF Palmer, D White, K Chalom, I TI The role of intrahepatic lymphocytes in mediating protective immunity induced by attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites SO IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID BETA T-CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; SURFACE PROTEIN-2; MALARIA SPOROZOITES; FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; YOELII SPOROZOITES; HEPATIC SCHIZONTS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; LIVER STAGES AB Exposure to irradiated Plarmodium sporozoites (y-spz) results in protection against malaria. Like infectious spz, y-spz colonize hepatocytes to undergo maturation. Disruption of liver stage development prevents the generation of protection, which appears, therefore, to depend on liver stage antigens. Although some mechanisms of protection have been identified, they do not include a role for intrahepatic mononuclear cells (MMC). We demonstrated that P. berghei y-spz-immune murine IHMC adoptively transfer protection to naive recipients. Characterization of intrahepatic CD4(+) T cells revealed an immediate, albeit transient, response to spz, while the response of CD8(+) T cells is delayed until acquisition of protection. It is presumed that activated CD8(+) T cells home to the Liver to die; y-spz-induced CD8(+)CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells, however, persist in the liver, but not the spleen, during protracted protection. The association between CD8(+)CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells and protection has been verified using MHC class I and CD1 knockout mice and mice with disrupted liver stage parasites. Based on kinetic studies, we propose that interferon-gamma, presumably released by intrahepatic effector CD8(+) Tcells, mediates protection; the persistence of CD8(+) T cells is, in turn, linked to Plasmodium antigen depots and cytokines released by CD4(+) T cells and/or NK T cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Krzych, U (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol CD&I, Bldg 503 Forest Glen Annex, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 68 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0105-2896 J9 IMMUNOL REV JI Immunol. Rev. PD APR PY 2000 VL 174 BP 123 EP 134 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0528.2002.00013h.x PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 305HK UT WOS:000086533200010 PM 10807512 ER PT J AU Narum, DL Haynes, JD Fuhrmann, S Moch, K Liang, H Hoffman, SL Sim, BKL AF Narum, DL Haynes, JD Fuhrmann, S Moch, K Liang, H Hoffman, SL Sim, BKL TI Antibodies against the Plasmodium falciparum receptor binding domain of EBA-175 block invasion pathways that do not involve sialic acids SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA PARASITES; MEROZOITE INVASION; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; GLYCOPHORIN-B; ANTIGEN; HETEROGENEITY; FAMILY AB The 175-kDa Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding protein (EBA-175) binds to its receptor, sialic acids on glycophorin A. The binding region within EBA-175 is a cysteine-rich region identified as region II. Antibodies against region II block the binding of native EBA-175 to erythrocytes. We identified a P. falciparum strain, FVO, that could not invade erythrocytes devoid of sialic acids due to prior neuraminidase treatment, and in addition, se used a strain, 3D7, that could invade such sialic acid-depleted erythrocytes. We used these two strains to study the capacity of anti-region II antibodies to inhibit FVO and 3D7 parasite development in vitro. Analysis of growth-inhibitory effects of purified FVO anti-region II immunoglobulin G (IgG) with the FVO and 3D7 strains resulted in similar levels of growth inhibition. FVO and 3D7 strains were inhibited between 28 and 56% compared to control IgG. There appeared to be no intracellular grow,th retardation or killing of either isolate, suggesting that invasion was indeed inhibited. Incubation of recombinant region II with anti-region II Ige reversed the growth inhibition. These results suggest that antibodies against region II can also Interfere with merozoite invasion pathways that do not involve sialic acids. The fact that EBA-175 has such a universal and yet susceptible role in erythrocyte invasion clearly supports its inclusion in a multivalent malaria vaccine. C1 Entremed Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Sim, BKL (reprint author), Entremed Inc, 9640 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36758] NR 16 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2000 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1964 EP 1966 DI 10.1128/IAI.68.4.1964-1966.2000 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 296EP UT WOS:000086010300030 PM 10722589 ER PT J AU Bergmann, JD Metker, LW McCain, WC Beall, PA Michie, MW Lee, RB AF Bergmann, JD Metker, LW McCain, WC Beall, PA Michie, MW Lee, RB TI Intratracheal instillation of zinc-cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) in Fischer 344 rats SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; LUNG AB The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability and pulmonary toxicity of ZnCdS in rats. Groups of 30 male Fischer 344 rats each were anesthetized and dosed via intratracheal instillation with 5 mg of either ZnCdS, quartz (positive control), or titanium dioxide (TiO2, negative control) suspended in 0.5 mi saline. A vehicle control group received 0.5 mi saline. Ten animals from each test group were sacrificed at 1 day, 1 wk, and 14 wk after dosing for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis and histopathology. The BALF was analyzed for alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta-glucuronidase (beta-glu), total protein, and cell counts. Two separate groups of 24 rats each were dosed as already described with either ZnCdS or saline. Eight rats from each group were sacrificed at 1 day, 1 wk, and 14 wk after dosing for determination of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in the lung, liver, kidney, and blood. Results indicate that at 1 day after dosing, all enzyme activities (except acid phosphatase) and cell counts in BALE from the quartz and ZnCdS groups were significantly higher than in the TiO2 and saline groups. At 7 days after dosing, high enzyme activity persisted in the quartz group, while the ZnCdS group showed only LDH and total protein levels significantly higher than the saline group. At 14 wk after dosing, LDH, total protein, beta-glu, and cell counts in the quartz group were significantly higher than all other groups. Histologic examination revealed interstitial inflammation and accumulation of foreign material in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes of quartz-, TiO2-, and ZnCdS-treated rats. Metal analyses in tissues showed profuse Cd and Zn concentrations in the lung 1 day after dosing, followed by a successive decline at 7 days and 14 wk after dosing. A very small, but statistically significant, amount of Cd and Zn was found in the kidneys at 14 wk after dosing. In conclusion, ZnCdS appears to cause temporary lung inflammation, is cleared slowly, and is poorly bioavailable. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Robyn B Lee & Associates LLC, Fawn Grove, PA USA. RP Bergmann, JD (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, 5158 Blackhawk Rd,Attn MCHB-TS-TTE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 4 BP 331 EP 346 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 309FW UT WOS:000086758500005 PM 10715632 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM AF Sciuto, AM TI Posttreatment with ETYA protects against phosgene-induced lung injury by amplifying the glutathione to lipid peroxidation ratio SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTEXPOSURE TREATMENT; HUMAN PLATELETS; ACID; MEDIATORS; MECHANISM; EXPOSURE; RABBITS; EDEMA AB Exposure to phosgene has been shown to cause revere and life-threatening pulmonary edema. There is evidence that successful treatment of phosgene-induced acute lung injury may be related to increased antioxidant activity. Acetylenic acids such as 5,8, 11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) have been shown to be effective in preventing pulmonary edema formation (PEF). in phosgene-exposed guinea pigs, we examined the effects of ETYA on PEF. Lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, TBARS) and total glutathione (GSH) were measured in lung tissue from isolated, buffer-perfused guinea pig lungs at 180 min after start of exposure. Guinea pigs were challenged with 175 mg/m(3) (44 ppm) phosgene for 70 min (1750 mg . min/m(3)). Five minutes after removal from the exposure chamber, guinea pigs were treated, ip, with 200 mu l of 100 mu M ETYA in ethanol (ETOH). Two hundred microliters of 50 mu M ETYA in ETOH was added to the 200 mi per fusate every 40 min beginning at 60 min after start of exposure (t = 0). There were four groups in this study: air-exposed, phosgene-exposed, phosgene + ETYA-posttreated, and air + ETYA-posttreated. Posttreatment with ETYA prevented GSH depletion, 2.7 +/- 0.5 mu mol/mg protein versus 1 +/- 0.2 mu mol/mg protein, for the untreated phosgene-exposed lungs (p less than or equal to .05). ETYA posttreatment also significantly decreased PEF (p less than or equal to.025), as measured by lung wet weight/dry weight ratio, 16.1 +/- 2.5 versus 8.5 +/- 1 for phosgene-exposed + ETYA-posttreated guinea pigs. Postexposure treatment with ETYA significantly increased the GSH to TBARS protection ratio, 12 +/- 2, compared with the phosgene-exposed group, 3.7 +/- 0.5 (p less than or equal to.05). in conclusion, ETYA posttreatment decreased PEF by increasing the GSH/TBARS protection ratio by functioning in an antioxidant-like capacity. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 4 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1080/089583700196194 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 309FW UT WOS:000086758500006 PM 10715633 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, JMC Rowton, ED Charlab, R AF Ribeiro, JMC Rowton, ED Charlab, R TI Salivary amylase activity of the phlebotomine sand fly, Lutzomyia longipalpis SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saliva; amylase; salivary glands; glucosidase; hematophagy; sugar feeding; starch; sandfly ID YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; AEDES-AEGYPTI; ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; PAPATASI DIPTERA; PSYCHODIDAE; GLANDS; DIGESTION; MIDGUT AB Both male and female adult stages of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis have detectable amylase activity in their salivary glands, as indicated by formation of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoside from p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-octoside and by hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside-4, 6,-O-ethylidene. No salivary alpha-glucosidase was detected. Amylase activity was also found in the crop and midgut of female flies, although in a smaller amount. Salivary amylase is significantly reduced from the salivary glands immediately after a blood meal, as is the case with salivary alpha-glucosidases in mosquitoes. Presence of salivary gland amylase in these sand flies, and absence of salivary alpha-glucosidase, indicates that in nature these insects may have a significant intake of carbohydrates in the form of starch, as suggested by their plant-feeding behavior, previously demonstrated by Schlein and Warburg (Schlein, Y., Warburg, A., 1986. Phytophagy and the feeding cycle of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) under experimental conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology 23, 11-15), and Alexander and Usma (Alexander, B., Usma, M.C., 1994. Potential sources of sugar for the phlebotomine sandfly Lutzomyia youngi (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Columbia coffee plantation. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 88, 543-549). Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NIAID, Sect Med Entomol, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ribeiro, JMC (reprint author), NIAID, Sect Med Entomol, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bldg 4,Room 126,4 Ctr Dr,MSC-0425, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011; OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818 NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00119-8 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 302HA UT WOS:000086358600001 PM 10727893 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, JMC Rowton, ED Charlab, R AF Ribeiro, JMC Rowton, ED Charlab, R TI The salivary 5 '-nucleotidase/phosphodiesterase of the hematophagus sand lutzomyia fly, Lutzomyia longipalpis SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saliva; sand fly; nucleotidase; apyrase; hematophagy; purinergic; platelet; adenosine; UDPG; bis-p-nitrophenylphosphate; ADP ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; 5'-NUCLEOTIDASE; ARTHROPODS; ADENOSINE; APYRASE AB Salivary gland homogenates from adult female Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies contain large amounts of 5'-nucleotidase and phosphodiesterase activities. Phosphodiesterase activity was found to be associated with 5'-nucleotidase in several independent experiments: (i) it coelutes with 5'-nucleotidase on a molecular sieving column, (ii) it coelutes with 5'-nucleotidase on a chromatofocusing column, and (iii) it has the same thermal inactivation kinetics as the 5'-nucleotidase activity. Additionally, both activities are independent of divalent cations, and both are decreased following a blood meal, suggesting that they reside in the same molecule. The role of salivary nucleotidases and purine nucleotides in blood-feeding by sand flies is discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NIAID, Sect Med Entomol, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ribeiro, JMC (reprint author), NIAID, Sect Med Entomol, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bldg 4,Room 126,4 Ctr Dr,MSC-0425, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011; OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 4 BP 279 EP 285 DI 10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00123-X PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 302HA UT WOS:000086358600002 PM 10727894 ER PT J AU Cui, L Luckhart, S Rosenberg, R AF Cui, L Luckhart, S Rosenberg, R TI Molecular characterization of a prophenoloxidase cDNA from the malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prophenoloxidase; melanotic encapsulation; insect immunity; malaria infection; gene expression ID PRO-PHENOL-OXIDASE; DIROFILARIA-IMMITIS MICROFILARIAE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ARMIGERES-SUBALBATUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; PLASMODIUM-CYNOMOLGI; REFRACTORY STRAIN; SERINE-PROTEASE; BRUGIA-MALAYI AB Some refractory anopheline mosquitoes are capable of killing Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, by melanotic encapsulation of invading ookinetes. Phenoloxidase (PO) appears to be involved in the formation of melanin and toxic metabolites in the surrounding capsule. A cDNA encoding Anopheles stephensi prophenoloxidase (Ans-proPO) was isolated from a cDNA library screened with an amplimer produced by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with degenerate primers designed against conserved proPO sequences. The 2.4-kb-long cDNA has a 2058 bp open reading frame encoding Ans-proPO of 686 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence shows significant homology to other insect proPO sequences especially at the two putative copper-binding domains. In A. stephensi, Ans-proPO expression was detected in larval, pupal and adult stages. The Ans-proPO mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization in haemocytes, fat body and epidermis of adult female mosquitoes. A low level of expression was detected in the ovaries, whereas no expression was detected in the midguts. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Ans-proPO mRNA showed that its expression was similar in adult female heads, thoraxes and abdomens. No change in the level of Ans-proPO expression was found in adult females after blood feeding, bacterial challenge or Plasmodium berghei infection. However, elevated PO activity was detected in P. berghei-infected mosquitoes, suggesting that in non-selected permissive mosquitoes PO may be involved in limiting parasite infection. Genomic Southern blot and immunoblots suggest the presence of more than one proPO gene in the A. stephensi genome, which is consistent with the findings in other Diptera and Lepidoptera species. The greatest similarity in sequence and expression profile between Ans-proPO and A. gambiae proPO6 suggests that they might be homologues. Our results demonstrate that Ans-proPO is constitutively expressed through different developmental stages and under different physiological conditions, implying that other factors in the proPO activation cascade regulate melanotic encapsulation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Cui, L (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 48 TC 42 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 9 IS 2 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2583.2000.00169.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 308FQ UT WOS:000086700200002 PM 10762420 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Leondires, MP Miller, BT Segars, JH AF Frattarelli, JL Leondires, MP Miller, BT Segars, JH TI Intracytoplasmic sperm injection increases embryo fragmentation without affecting clinical outcome SO JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE embryo fragmentation; in vitro fertilization; intracytoplasmic sperm injection; pregnancy rate; sperm parameters ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; MICROSURGICAL FERTILIZATION; MALE-INFERTILITY; MORPHOLOGY; PREGNANCY; QUALITY; TERATOZOOSPERMIA; PARAMETERS; CYCLES; OOCYTE AB Purpose: To examine the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on embryo fragmentation and implantation rates in those embryos chosen for transfer compared to conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: We compared 253 infertility patients (71 ICSI and 182 IVF) with respect to age, semen analysis, number of embryos transferred embryo fragmentation, implantation rate, and pregnancy rate. Embryo fragmentation was determined by one observer at the same laboratory over the entire study period. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in mean embryo grade between IVF (2.2 +/- 0.84) and ICSI (2.5 +/- 0.77), P = 0.01. Additionally, the IVF patients had significantly more nonfragmented (grade I) embryos compared to the ICSI group, P < 0.01. Conclusions: These data suggest that ICSI, irrespective of semen parameters, may increase embryo fragmentation and produce fewer nonfragmented grade I embryos while maintaining implantation and pregnancy rates similar to conventional IVF. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1058-0468 J9 J ASSIST REPROD GEN JI J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. PD APR PY 2000 VL 17 IS 4 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1023/A:1009439800398 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 338XJ UT WOS:000088448300004 PM 10955244 ER PT J AU Combs, JA AF Combs, JA TI It's not "just a finger" SO JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING LA English DT Review DE injury; hand; athletic ID PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT; CLOSED TENDON INJURIES; WRIST INJURIES; PHALANGEAL FRACTURES; HAND INJURIES; MALLET FINGER; MANAGEMENT; DISLOCATIONS; PITFALLS; ATHLETE AB Objective: To provide a source of information to the athletic trainer on injuries to the fingers; to detail the pertinent anatomy of the finger and explain the techniques of a proper examination; and to discuss treatment and possible outcomes. Background: Injuries to the fingers are often dismissed as inconsequential and are usually only touched upon briefly in articles on hand injuries. Description: The article is divided into detailed sections pertaining to anatomy, examination, and specific injuries and their treatment. Clinical Advantage: This article provides a concise source of information to athletic trainers on finger injuries. They need not refer to multiple volumes of journals and texts to find the specific information they seek. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Union Mem Hosp, Curtis Natl Hand Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Combs, JA (reprint author), 4057 Tierra Santa Pl, El Paso, TX 79922 USA. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC PI DALLAS PA 2952 STEMMONS FREEWAY, DALLAS, TX 75247 USA SN 1062-6050 J9 J ATHL TRAINING JI J. Athl. Train. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 35 IS 2 BP 168 EP 178 PG 11 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 316DY UT WOS:000087153400010 PM 16558627 ER PT J AU Casa, DJ Armstrong, LE Hillman, SK Montain, SJ Reiff, RV Rich, BSE Roberts, WO Stone, JA AF Casa, DJ Armstrong, LE Hillman, SK Montain, SJ Reiff, RV Rich, BSE Roberts, WO Stone, JA TI National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement: Fluid replacement for athletes SO JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING LA English DT Review DE athletic performance; dehydration; heat illness; hydration protocol; hydration status; oral rehydration solution; rehydration ID EXERCISE-HEAT-STRESS; CARBOHYDRATE-ELECTROLYTE BEVERAGES; PROLONGED STRENUOUS EXERCISE; DIURETIC-INDUCED DEHYDRATION; TEMPERATURE REGULATION; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; CYCLING PERFORMANCE; BODY-FLUID; VOLUNTARY DEHYDRATION; INTERMITTENT EXERCISE AB Objective: To present recommendations to optimize the fluid-replacement practices of athletes. Background: Dehydration can compromise athletic performance and increase the risk of exertional heat injury. Athletes do not voluntarily drink sufficient water to prevent dehydration during physical activity. Drinking behavior can be modified by education, increasing accessibility, and optimizing palatability. However, excessive overdrinking should be avoided because it can also compromise physical performance and health. We provide practical recommendations regarding fluid replacement for athletes. Recommendations: Educate athletes regarding the risks of dehydration and overhydration on health and physical performance. Work with individual athletes to develop fluid-replacement practices that optimize hydration status before, during, and after competition. C1 Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. Arizona Sch Hlth Sci, Phoenix, AZ USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. St Vincent Hosp, Indianapolis, IN USA. Arizona State Univ, Phoenix, AZ USA. MinnHealth Family Phys, White Bear Lake, MN USA. US Olympic Training Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO USA. RP Casa, DJ (reprint author), Natl Athlet Trainers Assoc, Dept Commun, 2952 Stemmons Freeway, Dallas, TX 75247 USA. NR 217 TC 333 Z9 357 U1 11 U2 75 PU NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC PI DALLAS PA 2952 STEMMONS FREEWAY, DALLAS, TX 75247 USA SN 1062-6050 J9 J ATHL TRAINING JI J. Athl. Train. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 35 IS 2 BP 212 EP 224 PG 13 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 316DY UT WOS:000087153400016 PM 16558633 ER PT J AU Adair, DM Worsham, PL Hill, KK Klevytska, AM Jackson, PJ Friedlander, AM Keim, P AF Adair, DM Worsham, PL Hill, KK Klevytska, AM Jackson, PJ Friedlander, AM Keim, P TI Diversity in a variable-number tandem repeat from Yersinia pestis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRAINS; PLAGUE AB We have identified a tetranucleotide repeat sequence, (CAAA)(N), in the genome of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. This variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) region has nine alleles and great diversity (calculated as 1 minus the sum of the squared allele frequencies) (diversity value, 0.82) within a set of 35 diverse Y. pestis strains. In contrast, the nucleotide sequence of the lcrV (low-calcium-response) gene differed only slightly among these strains, having a haplotype diversity value of 0.17. Replicated cultures, phenotypic variants of particular strains, and extensively cultured replicates within strains did not differ in VNTR allele type, Thus, while a high mutation rate must contribute to the great diversity of this locus, alleles appear stable under routine laboratory culture conditions. The classic three plague biovars did not have single identifying alleles, although there were allelic biases within biovar categories. The antiqua biovar was the most diverse, with four alleles observed in 5 strains, while the orientalis and mediaevalis biovars exhibited five alleles in 21 strains and three alleles in 8 strains, respectively. The CAAA VNTR is located immediately adjacent to the transcriptional promoters for flanking open reading frames and may affect their activity. This VNTR marker may provide a high-resolution tool for epidemiological analyses of plague. C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Mol Biol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keim, P (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010 NR 15 TC 91 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1516 EP 1519 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 301GN UT WOS:000086302500037 PM 10747136 ER PT J AU Peters, WA Liu, PY Barrett, RJ Stock, RJ Monk, BJ Berek, JS Souhami, L Grigsby, P Gordon, W Alberts, DS AF Peters, WA Liu, PY Barrett, RJ Stock, RJ Monk, BJ Berek, JS Souhami, L Grigsby, P Gordon, W Alberts, DS TI Concurrent chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage cancer of the cervix SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; NODAL METASTASIS; UTERINE CERVIX; HYSTERECTOMY; IB; IIA; LYMPHADENECTOMY; IRRADIATION; 5-FLUOROURACIL AB Purpose: To determine whether the addition of cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CT) to pelvic radiation therapy (RT) will improve the survival of early-stage, high-risk patients with cervical carcinoma. Patients and Methods: Patients with clinical stage IA,IB, and IIA carcinoma of the cervix, initially treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy, and who had positive pelvic lymph nodes and/or positive margins and/or microscopic involvement of the parametrium were eligible for this study, patients were randomized to receive PT or RT + CT. Patients in each group received 49.3 GY RT in 29 fractions to a standard pelvic field. Chemotherapy consisted of bolus cisplatin 70 mg/m(2) and a 96-hour infusion of fluorouracil 1,000 mg/m(2)/d every 3 weeks for four cycles, with the first and second cycles given concurrent to RT. Results: Between 1991 and 1996, 268 patients were entered onto the study. Two hundred forty-three patients were assessable (127 RT + CT patients and 116 RT patients), Progression-free and overall survival are significantly improved in the patients receiving CT. The hazard ratios for progression-free survival and overall survival in the RT only arm versus the RT + CT arm are 2.01 (P =.003) and 1.96 (P =.007), respectively. The projected progression-free survivals at 4 years is 63% with RT and 80% with RT + CT. The projected overall survival rate at 4 years is 71% with RT and 81% with RT + CT. Grades 3 and 4 hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity were more frequent in the PT + CT group. Conclusion: The addition of concurrent cisplatin-based CT to RT significantly improves progression-free and overall survival for high-risk, early-stage patients who undergo radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 18:1606-1613. (C) 2000 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 SW Oncol Grp, Ctr Stat, Operat Off, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Puget Sound Oncol Consortium, Seattle, WA USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. Clear Lake Reg Med Ctr, Webster, TX USA. Univ Arizona, Ctr Canc, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Peters, WA (reprint author), SW Oncol Grp, Ctr Stat, Operat Off, SWOG 8797,14980 Omicron Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA32102, CA35090, CA38926] NR 39 TC 997 Z9 1050 U1 0 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1606 EP 1613 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 307LV UT WOS:000086655500002 PM 10764420 ER PT J AU Cuzzubbo, AJ Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Solomon, T Kalayanarooj, S Aaskov, J Dung, NM Devine, PL AF Cuzzubbo, AJ Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Solomon, T Kalayanarooj, S Aaskov, J Dung, NM Devine, PL TI Comparison of PanBio Dengue Duo Igm and IgG Capture ELISA and Venture Technologies Dengue IgM and IgG Dot Blot SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE ELISA; dot blot; dengue infection ID RAPID IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; VIRUS-INFECTION; ROC ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: A number of commercial ELISA for dengue diagnosis have recently become available, though direct comparison between these assays have not been published. Objectives: The Venture Technologies Dengue IgM and IgG Dot Blot assays and the PanBio Dengue Duo IgM and IgG Capture ELISA were compared. Study! Design: Paired sera from patients with dengue (n = 20) and Japanese encephalitis (JE, n = 10), and single sera from patients with typhoid (n = 10), leptospirosis (n = 10) and scrub typhus (n = 10) were assayed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results: The Dot Blot IgM ELISA showed higher sensitivity than the PanBio IgM ELISA (100 vs. 95%), while the PanBio IgM ELISA showed higher specificity in JE (100 vs. 20%) and non-flavivirus infections (100 vs. 97%). Defining elevation of either IgM or IgG as a positive result, the Dot Blot and ELISA tests both showed 100% sensitivity in dengue infection, while the PanBio test showed superior specificity in JE (70 vs. 0%) and non-flavivirus infections (100 vs. 67%). Conclusions: Both assays are useful aids to the serological diagnosis of dengue infection. The clinical setting, user preference and local conditions will be important in determining which test is more appropriate. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 PanBio Pty Ltd, Windsor, Qld 4030, Australia. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Cho Minh, Vietnam. Bangkok Childrens Hosp, Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Life Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. RP Devine, PL (reprint author), PanBio Pty Ltd, 116 Lutwyche Rd, Windsor, Qld 4030, Australia. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 16 IS 2 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1016/S1386-6532(99)00076-1 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 299MT UT WOS:000086202900006 PM 10720818 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Jones, DL AF O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Jones, DL TI Psychosocial variables and subclinical coronary artery disease in a screening population. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 15 SU 1 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 308CE UT WOS:000086690400283 ER PT J AU Ekstrand, J O'Malley, P Labutta, R Jackson, J AF Ekstrand, J O'Malley, P Labutta, R Jackson, J TI Mental disorders in a neurology clinic setting. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, EDP, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 15 SU 1 BP 112 EP 112 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 308CE UT WOS:000086690400378 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Landry, FJ Kaboli, PJ AF Salerno, SM Landry, FJ Kaboli, PJ TI Patient perceptions on the capability of internists: A multi-center survey. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Vermont, Sch Med, Dept Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Iowa, Sch Med, Dept Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa City VA Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 15 SU 1 BP 143 EP 144 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 308CE UT WOS:000086690400510 ER PT J AU Buisson, Y Grandadam, M Nicand, E Cheval, P van Cuyck-Gandre, H Innis, B Rehel, P Coursaget, P Teyssou, R Tsarev, S AF Buisson, Y Grandadam, M Nicand, E Cheval, P van Cuyck-Gandre, H Innis, B Rehel, P Coursaget, P Teyssou, R Tsarev, S TI Identification of a novel hepatitis E virus in Nigeria SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; SEQUENCE; CHINA; HEV; INFECTION; GENOME AB Sporadic cases of acute hepatitis E among ten native Nigerian adults were reported in Port-Harcourt (Nigeria). Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was detected in serum and/or faecal samples of seven patients by RT-PCR of the open reading frame (ORF)-1 polymerase region and the 3'-end of ORF2. Restriction analysis widely used to distinguish genotypes I and III showed that all Nigerian strains have a pattern similar to the Mexican strain (Notl, nt 286; Smal, nt 397; no Kpnl restriction site) but displayed a Bsml restriction site at nt 213 as do most African HEV strains sequenced so far. Sequence analysis performed from internal ORF1 and ORF2 PCR products displayed strong homogeneity between the HEV isolates, determining a regional cluster. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences revealed that these strains were more related to the Mexican prototype genotype III (87% homology in ORF1, 80% homology in QRF2) than to either the African strain genotype I (74% homology in ORF1, 77% homology in ORF2) or the USA strain genotype II (75% homology in ORF1, 77% homology in ORF2), Genetic divergence up to 15% in ORF2 with the Mexican genotype clearly defined a new subgenotype within genotype III. At the amino acid level, Nigerian strains showed more homology with genotype III (96%) than with genotype I (92%). This study clearly determined the co-existence of genotypes I and III in Africa, These Nigerian HEV strains belonging to genotype III, but sharing some properties with genotype I, could be one of the missing links between African and Latin American HEV and could help us to determine the phylogenetic evolution of HEV from the ancestral virus. C1 Hop Instruct Armees St Anne, Lab Biol Clin, F-75230 Paris 05, France. Elf Petr Nigeria, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Ctr Rech, Serv Sante Armees, La Tronche, France. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Fac Pharm Ph Maupas, Tours, France. RP Buisson, Y (reprint author), Hop Instruct Armees St Anne, Lab Biol Clin, 74 Blvd Port Royal, F-75230 Paris 05, France. EM rt@filnet.fr NR 23 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 81 BP 903 EP 909 PN 4 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 301ZX UT WOS:000086341400005 PM 10725415 ER PT J AU Anderson, GL Wang, KW Wereley, NM AF Anderson, GL Wang, KW Wereley, NM TI The Fourth US Army Research Office Workshop on smart structures SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Off, Struct Mech Branch, Engn Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Anderson, GL (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Struct Mech Branch, Engn Sci Div, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD APR PY 2000 VL 11 IS 4 BP 245 EP 245 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 413QN UT WOS:000167623400001 ER PT J AU Zuclich, JA Edsall, PR Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Hollins, RC Till, S Smith, PA Mclin, LN Kennedy, PK AF Zuclich, JA Edsall, PR Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Hollins, RC Till, S Smith, PA Mclin, LN Kennedy, PK TI Variation of laser induced retinal-damage threshold with retinal image size SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser; eye protection; retina; image size; spot size; lesion; damage threshold; thermal model ID MELANIN GRANULE MODEL AB The dependence of retinal damage threshold on laser spot size was examined for two pulse width regimes; nanosecond-duration Q-switched pulses from a doubled Nd:Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and microsecond-duration pulses from a flashlamp-pumped dye laser. Threshold determinations were conducted for nominal retinal image sizes ranging from 1.5 to 100 mrad of visual field, corresponding to image diameters of similar to 22 mu m to 1.4 mm on the primate retina. In addition, base line collimated-beam damage thresholds were determined for comparison to the extended source data. Together, this set of retinal damage thresholds reveals the functional dependence of threshold on spot size. The threshold dose was found to vary with the area of the image for larger image sizes. This experimentally determined trend was shown to agree with the predictions of thermal model calculations of laser-induced retinal damage for spot sizes greater than or similar to 50 mu m. The results are compared to previously published extended source damage thresholds and to the ANSI Z136.1 laser safety standard maximum permissible exposure levels for diffuse reflections. (C) 2000 Laser Instifute of America. [S1034-346X(00)00202-3]. C1 TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. UK Def Evaluat Res Agcy, Malvern WR14 3PS, Worcs, England. UK Def Evaluat Res Agcy, Farnborough GU14 6TD, Hants, England. USAF, HEDO, Opt Radiat Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Zuclich, JA (reprint author), TASC, 4241 Woodcock Dr,Suite B-100, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD APR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 2 BP 74 EP 80 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 303HK UT WOS:000086416300007 ER PT J AU Solomon, T Dung, NM Kneen, R Gainsborough, M Vaughn, DW Khanh, VT AF Solomon, T Dung, NM Kneen, R Gainsborough, M Vaughn, DW Khanh, VT TI Japanese encephalitis SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MOUSE-BRAIN; WEST NILE; VACCINE SA14-14-2; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS; INFECTION C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Neurol Sci, Walton Ctr Neurol & Neurosurg, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Royal Liverpool Childrens NHS Trust, Liverpool L12 2AP, Merseyside, England. John Radcliffe Hosp, Ctr Trop Med & Infect Dis, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Solomon, T (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Neurol Sci, Walton Ctr Neurol & Neurosurg, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, England. NR 115 TC 217 Z9 234 U1 0 U2 10 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-3050 J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry PD APR PY 2000 VL 68 IS 4 BP 405 EP 415 DI 10.1136/jnnp.68.4.405 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery GA 299AQ UT WOS:000086174000004 PM 10727474 ER PT J AU Engel, CC Liu, X Clymer, R Miller, RF Sjoberg, T Shapiro, JR AF Engel, CC Liu, X Clymer, R Miller, RF Sjoberg, T Shapiro, JR TI Rehabilitative care of war-related health concerns SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; US VETERANS; SERVICE AB The objective of this study was to Pilot the effectiveness of a 3-week rehabilitative intervention that used medical review, graded exercise, education on Gulf War exposures, active coping, and nutrition to improve disability and related distress for Gulf War veterans with persistent symptoms. One hundred and nine veterans were assessed at program entry and exit and at I and 3 months after program completion. Outcomes were physical symptoms, quality of life, physical health concern, and psychosocial distress-contrasted across time and demographic groups. After treatment, veterans showed modest and global improvements; women were more likely than men to show improvement, The finding that Gulf War veterans who completed specialized rehabilitative management experienced modest, short-term improvements is encouraging, given that veterans of the conflict remain concerned about their future health. Controlled studies are needed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Engel, CC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Ward 64,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 42 IS 4 BP 385 EP 390 DI 10.1097/00043764-200004000-00011 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 306EM UT WOS:000086584400007 PM 10774507 ER PT J AU Warden, PJ Scuba, JR AF Warden, PJ Scuba, JR TI Surgical repositioning of a malposed, unserviceable implant: Case report SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Warden, PJ (reprint author), USA, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD APR PY 2000 VL 58 IS 4 BP 433 EP 435 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 299RX UT WOS:000086212600021 PM 10759126 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J Foster, D Read, J Behl, WK Luecke, W AF Wolfenstine, J Foster, D Read, J Behl, WK Luecke, W TI Experimental confirmation of the model for microcracking during lithium charging in single-phase alloys SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE microcracking; fracture toughness; Li-alloys; anodes; indentation; brittle ID MEASURING FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; INDENTATION TECHNIQUES AB Indentation fracture toughness measurements yielded a K-IC for Li4.4Sn equal to 0.8 +/- 0.2 MPa m(1/2). From K-IC, a critical crack length of 0.005 nm was determined for the stress generated due to the volume expansion as a result of Li charging into the Li4.4Sn alloy. The critical crack length was in excellent agreement with the predicted critical grain size for microcracking. This suggests that the model for predicting the critical grain size for microcracking during Li charging into brittle single-phase alloys is correct. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Army Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), Army Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Shady Grove,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR PY 2000 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00359-6 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 304DY UT WOS:000086468600001 ER PT J AU Shiao, HC Chua, D Lin, HP Slane, S Salomon, M AF Shiao, HC Chua, D Lin, HP Slane, S Salomon, M TI Low temperature electrolytes for Li-ion PVDF cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE low temperature electrolytes; methyl acetate; ethylene carbonate; ethylmethyl carbonate; toluene; dimethyl carbonate; diethyl carbonate; propylene carbonate; PVDF; Li-ion cells; LiAsF6; LiPF6 ID PROPYLENE CARBONATE; TOLUENE; ETHER AB New electrolyte solutions based on ternary and quaternary solvent mixtures containing significant amounts of toluene (tol) have been evaluated. Liquid electrolytes containing LiAsF6 and LiPF6 exhibit electrolytic conductivities >1 S cm(-1) down to -50 degrees C. When incorporated into PVDF host matrixes, these multicomponent solutions exhibit reduced conductivities but still remain sufficiently high, yielding useful conductivities down to at least -40 degrees C. LiC6/PVDF-electrolyte/LiCoO2 cells containing these multicomponent electrolyte solutions are stable and highly reproducible. Ambient temperature performance is essentially equal to comparative LiC6/PVDF/LiCoO2 cells containing ternary mixtures such as ethylene carbonate (EC):dimethyl carbonate (DMC):diethyl carbonate (DEC) and EC:ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC):DMC; but at -20 degrees C, -30 degrees C and -40 degrees C, cells containing the quaternary mixed solvent EC:EMC:methyl acetate (MA):tol are clearly superior. Capacity retention of cells utilizing this quaternary solvent in PVDF at -40 degrees C is 50% of nominal capacity at ambient temperatures. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 MaxPower, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. USA, CECOM RDEC, AMSEL RD C2 AP BA, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Salomon, M (reprint author), MaxPower, 220 Stahl Rd, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. NR 15 TC 71 Z9 81 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR PY 2000 VL 87 IS 1-2 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00470-X PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 304DY UT WOS:000086468600022 ER PT J AU Crosier, RB AF Crosier, RB TI Some new two-level saturated designs SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclic design; D-optimality; incomplete block design; Plackett-Burman design AB First-order saturated designs can be orthogonal and have two levels only if the number of design points is a multiple of 4. For other cases, saturated two-level designs have been obtained from balanced incomplete blocks and by computer searches for design matrices of maximal determinant (D-optimal designs). Recently, two-level saturated designs that are efficient for submodels containing only a few of the factors have been developed. Some of these designs do not estimate the effects of all factors with equal precision. In this article, alternative designs that estimate the effects of all factors with equal precision are obtained from partially balanced incomplete block designs, The new designs are compared to all previously known designs by A-, D-, E, and G-efficiency, and by the average and maximum variance inflation factor. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Crosier, RB (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 USA SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 32 IS 2 BP 103 EP 110 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 300CC UT WOS:000086234400002 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Silliman, B Bell, DB AF Schumm, WR Silliman, B Bell, DB TI Perceived premarital counseling outcomes among recently married army personnel SO JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID US ARMY; RELATIONSHIP ENHANCEMENT; PREPARATION PROGRAMS; MARITAL DISTRESS; YOUNG-ADULTS; COUPLES; TRENDS; PREVENTION; COMMUNICATION; PERCEPTIONS AB Data from 1,285 recently married soldiers who participated in the 1989 Army Family Research Program survey indicated that premarital counseling by itself had little effect on subsequent marital satisfaction. However, those who had premarital counseling were more likely to use marital and family therapy services, at both subclinical and clinical levels of distress, than others who had not had such counseling before marriage. C1 Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Family & Consumer Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. RP Bell, DB (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, Justin Hall,1700 Anderson Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU BRUNNER/MAZEL INC PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST RD, STE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 USA SN 0092-623X J9 J SEX MARITAL THER JI J. Sex Marital Ther. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 26 IS 2 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1080/009262300278579 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Family Studies SC Psychology; Family Studies GA 302BC UT WOS:000086344200006 PM 10782449 ER PT J AU Mason, GL Green, JG Hall, KG Durst, BP AF Mason, GL Green, JG Hall, KG Durst, BP TI Rigid polyurethane foam testing for mine neutralization and vehicle traction performance SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article AB A rigid polyurethane foam (RPF) was dispensed on a test lane to determine if (1) a trafficability lane could be created that would neutralize vehicle and personnel mines and (2) the foam would increase vehicle traction in slippery soils. The RPF consisted of two liquids, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (known as urethane resin) and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (known as polymeric MDI). These two liquids were mixed in a commercial foam dispensing machine and dispensed at the test site. Two test areas were built to examine minefield neutralization and traction improvements separately. The minefield rest lane consisted of a 7 x 17 m area, instrumented with pressure cells, M15 training mines, M1 tripwire devices and string tension sensors covered with approximately 0.6 m of 64.1 kg/m(3) dendty RPF. Fifty passes each of an M88A2 and a HMMWV were made while engineers monitored changes in ground contact pressure. Trip wires were placed 5 cm above the ground in the lane and instrumented to measure tension placed on the devices by the expanding foam. Application of the RPF, at a depth of 0.6 m, appeared to neutralize most antitank mines examined in this program but triggered all the trip win devices during the application. The foam also appeared to stand up well under vehicle traffic. The traction test lane consisted of two 5x35 m lanes. The lanes were created to test changes in traction in dry, wet, and foam-augmented wet soil. For these tests, 0.08 to 0.1 m of foam was dispensed into M88A2 and HMMWV ruts created during dry and wet drawbar-pull tests. Trafficability performance of the M88A2 decreased slightly with the application of the Foam from an optimum drawbar pull coefficient of 0.21 after the simulated rainfall to 0.14 after application of the foam. Trafficability of the HMMWV showed moderate improvement from an optimum drawbar pull coefficient of 0.3 after the simulated rainfall to 0.5 after the application of the foam. (C) 2000 ISTVS. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Mason, GL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR PY 2000 VL 37 IS 2 BP 87 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0022-4898(99)00015-4 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 317BD UT WOS:000087203100003 ER PT J AU Khan, A Chan, HM Harmer, MP Cook, RF AF Khan, A Chan, HM Harmer, MP Cook, RF TI Toughening of an alumina-mullite composite by unbroken bridging elements SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID R-CURVE BEHAVIOR; CRACK-RESISTANCE; TOUGHNESS CURVES; STRENGTH VARIABILITY; BRITTLE MATERIALS; 2-PHASE CERAMICS; FLAW-TOLERANCE; FRACTURE; STABILITY; MODEL AB The toughness-curve (T-curve) behavior of a composite that is composed of 30 vol% spherical, polycrystalline, fine-grained alumina agglomerates dispersed throughout a constant-toughness 50-vol%-alumina-50-vol%-mullite matrix was compared to that for a coarse-grained agglomerate version of the composite, with the intent of identifying the operative toughening mechanisms in the latter. The T-curve behavior was evaluated using the indentation-strength method, and the underlying T-curves were deconvoluted from experimental data using an indentation-fracture-mechanics model. Compared to the T-curve of the coarse-grained composite, the toughness of the "fine-grained" composite increased from a similar initial toughness and over a similar crack-length range but to a lower saturation value. The T-curve of the fine-grained composite can be explained as being derived predominantly from unbroken bridging elements in the crack wake, set up by agglomerate-induced crack-path deflections in the matrix. This mechanism is proposed to function to the same degree and account for the majority of the observed toughening in the coarse-grained composite, with the remaining toughening increment being derived from intra-agglomerate grain bridging. Calculations suggest that unbroken bridging elements do not behave as simple elastic cantilevered beams that bend uniaxially with increasing crack-opening displacement. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Khan, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 83 IS 4 BP 833 EP 840 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 304WJ UT WOS:000086506800024 ER PT J AU Hokett, SD Honey, JR Ruiz, F Baisden, MK Hoen, MM AF Hokett, SD Honey, JR Ruiz, F Baisden, MK Hoen, MM TI Assessing the effectiveness of direct digital radiography barrier sheaths and finger cots SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY; GLOVES AB Background. Effective cross-contamination prevention is critical for direct digital radiography, or DDR, sensors, which are not sterilizeable; however, current manufacturers' recommendations for standard precautions are limited to the use of plastic barrier sheaths, which are commonly known to tear or leak. The authors sought to determine the incidence of digital radiography barrier-sheath leakage, with and without additional latex finger cot protection, as measured by a water pressure test. Methods. Four hundred plastic barrier sheaths were randomly assigned to four groups based on intraoral radiograph positioning device use and supplemental barrier protection with a latex finger cot. Sheaths were carefully placed to cover DDR sensors for a single intraoral use, gently removed from the sensors and tested for leakage through a water pressure technique. Results. Perforations occurred in 44 to 51 percent of plastic sheaths after a single radiographic exposure. However, only up to 6 percent of the plastic sheaths that were covered by a latex finger cot leaked during the water pressure test. Conclusions. At least 44 percent of the plastic barrier sheaths leaked after a single intraoral radiographic exposure. Use of a latex finger cot over the plastic sheath significantly reduced leakage to no more than 6 percent. Clinical Implications. Latex finger cots used in conjunction with the standard plastic sheaths that cover DDR sensors may more effectively prevent cross-contamination than do plastic sheaths alone. Dentists who use DDR sensors during highly invasive dental procedures such as dental implant surgery are encouraged to consider supplemental barrier protection for these delicate, expensive and nonsterilizeable sensors to prevent patient cross-contamination. C1 USA, Periodont Residency Program, Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Adv Educ Gen Dent, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Univ Detroit Mercy, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Detroit, MI 48221 USA. RP Hokett, SD (reprint author), USA, Periodont Residency Program, Tingay Dent Clin, Bldg 320,E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 131 IS 4 BP 463 EP 467 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 302LN UT WOS:000086366700013 PM 10770008 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S Ma, G Gaonkar, GH Maier, TH AF Subramanian, S Ma, G Gaonkar, GH Maier, TH TI Correlation of several aerodynamic models and measurements of hingeless-rotor trim and stability SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd European Rotorcraft Forum CY SEP 16-18, 1997 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY AB Predictions and measurements of stability, control angles and loads for an isolated hingeless rotor are presented to illustrate the effects of aerodynamic modeling. The test model has four soft-inplane, soft-torsion blades and was tested at a realistic tip speed in the range of existing flight vehicles. Keg measurements in the database include the cyclic pitch controls, steady root-flap moment and regressive lag-mode damping for two coning angles with advance ratio, shaft angle and collective pitch variations. ri. modal approach with both nonrotating and rotating modes, the ONERA dynamic stall models of lift, drag and pitching moment, and a three-dimensional finite-state wake model are used. The cyclic pitch controls and the corresponding periodic responses are predicted by the periodic shooting method with damped Newton iteration; this method is based on the fast-Floquet theory and generates the equivalent Floquet transition matrix (EFTM) as a byproduct. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the EFTM provide the frequencies and damping levels, The steady root-flap moment is calculated by both the force-integration and mode-deflection methods. A major finding is that including a finite-state wake model dramatically improves the prediction of the lateral cyclic pitch control. C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Army NASA Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Subramanian, S (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 106 EP 117 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 311LD UT WOS:000086885000005 ER PT J AU Lewicki, DG Handschuh, RF Heath, GF Sheth, V AF Lewicki, DG Handschuh, RF Heath, GF Sheth, V TI Evaluation of carburized and ground face gears SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY MAY 25-27, 1999 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Amer Helicopter Soc ID HELICOPTER TRANSMISSIONS; DRIVES; GEOMETRY AB Experimental durability tests were performed on carburized and ground AISI 9310 steel face gears. The tests were in support of a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Technology Reinvestment Program (TRP) to enhance face-gear technology. The tests were conducted in the NASA Glenn spiral-bevel-gear/face-gear test facility, Tests were run at 2300 rpm face gear speed and at loads of 64, 76, 88, 100, and 112-percent of the design torque of 377 N-m (3340 in.-lb.). The carburized and ground face gears demonstrated the required durability when run for ten-million cycles at each of the applied loads. proper installation was critical for the successful operation of the spur pinions and face gears. A large amount of backlash produced tooth contact patterns that approached the inner-diameter edge of the fate-gear tooth. Low backlash produced tooth contact patterns that approached the outer-diameter edge of the face-gear tooth. Measured backlashes in the range of 0.178 to 0.254 mm (0.007 to 0.010 in.) produced acceptable tooth contact patterns. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. Boeing Co, Mesa, AZ USA. RP Lewicki, DG (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 118 EP 124 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 311LD UT WOS:000086885000006 ER PT J AU Samuel, PD Pines, DJ Lewicki, DG AF Samuel, PD Pines, DJ Lewicki, DG TI A comparison of stationary and non-stationary metrics for detecting faults in helicopter gearboxes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WAVELET ANALYSIS; VIBRATION; GEARS AB A comparison between stationary statistical fault indicators and the discrete harmonic wavelet packet transform (DHWPT) is investigated for accelerometer vibration data obtained from the OH-58A main rotor transmission. This transmission is comprised of two stages, a spiral bevel input stage and a planetary stage, resulting in an overall reduction of 17.44:1. Vibration data from a load-to-failure transmission test is used to evaluate the sensitivity of previously developed stationary fault metrics and a new non-stationary fault metric for early fault detection. The non-stationary fault indicator consists of a normalized energy metric which was developed to quantify the redistribution of sideband energy about the dominant mesh frequency and its harmonics in the presence of actual gearbox faults. This metric is used to qualitatively assess the presence, type and location of gearbox faults. Gearbox faults considered in this study include sun gear spalling and spiral bevel gear scoring. Results from the comparison suggest that the non-stationary normalized energy metric is capable of detecting damage at a rate that is comparable to the stationary statistical fault indicators. In addition, the normalized energy metric provides more information about the nature of a fault. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Samuel, PD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 125 EP 136 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 311LD UT WOS:000086885000007 ER PT J AU Lyle, KH Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL AF Lyle, KH Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL TI Development of an ACAP helicopter finite element impact model SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Helicopter-Society National Technical Specialists Meeting on Rotorcraft Crashworthiness CY SEP, 1998 CL PHOENIX, ARIZONA SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB A modeling approach is presented for simulating a full-scale crash test of the Sikorsky Advanced Composite Airframe Program (ACAP) helicopter using MSC/DYTRAN, an explicit nonlinear dynamic code. This research is performed under the US Army's Science and Technology Objective (STO) on Crash Modeling and Simulation with the goal of establishing a methodology for predicting the impact response of composite rotorcraft, The modeling approach involved conversion of an existing NASTRAN modal vibration model of the helicopter to a MSC/DYTRAN model. The strengths and weaknesses associated with this approach are discussed. The focus of the simulation effort has been on developing a detailed finite element model of the subfloor region of the ACAP helicopter using MSC/DYTRAN. The model is used to predict the crushing response of the subfloor when subjected to a vertical impact with 10 degrees pitch and 10 degrees roll onto a rigid surface. The subfloor simulation results are compared with experimental data acquired during the 1987 full-scale drop test of the Sikorsky ACAP helicopter at NASA Langley Research Center and with semi-empirical predictions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. RP Lyle, KH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 311LD UT WOS:000086885000008 ER PT J AU Levin, DA Candler, GV Limbaugh, CC AF Levin, DA Candler, GV Limbaugh, CC TI Multispectral shock-layer radiance from a hypersonic slender body SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; FLIGHT; FLOWS AB A methodology is presented for the calculation of the infrared (IR) shock-layer radiance from a slender hypersonic vehicle. An overlay technique that has been successfully employed for chemically reacting hypersonic compressed and expanding hows has been extended to model accurately the vibrational state distributions of NO, CO, water, and CO2, which are potential shock-layer radiators in the midwave IR. The spectral predictions show that radiation from shock heated ambient CO2 will be an important contribution at most altitudes and speeds slower than 3.5 km/s. A detailed vibrational state-specific model of CO2 excitation has been incorporated with the dow modeling using an overlay technique. Comparisons of the spatial distributions of CO2 vibrational states with a corresponding Boltzmann distribution at the translational temperature show that there are substantial differences in the populations. These predictions are important for the design of an upcoming sounding racket experiment. C1 George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Sverdrup Technol Inc, Arnold Engn Dev Ctr Div, Arnold AFB, TN 37388 USA. RP Levin, DA (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 237 EP 243 DI 10.2514/2.6514 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 306AN UT WOS:000086574100015 ER PT J AU Kassim, OO Ako-Anai, KA Torimiro, SE Hollowell, GP Okoye, VC Martin, SK AF Kassim, OO Ako-Anai, KA Torimiro, SE Hollowell, GP Okoye, VC Martin, SK TI Inhibitory factors in breastmilk, maternal and infant sera against in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID EFFICACY TRIAL; CHILDREN; IMMUNOGENICITY; LACTOFERRIN; ANTIBODIES; MORBIDITY; RESPONSES; SAFETY AB Complications from falciparum malaria are responsible for over one million infant deaths annually. There is as yet no clinically protective vaccine that has been developed against human malaria parasites. While several studies have demonstrated the inhibitory properties of human sera against Plasmodium falciparum, there is no reported investigation that has examined the protective effects of human breastmilk against the malaria parasite. This study demonstrates the presence of significant antibody titers to ring, trophozoite, schizont and gametocyte stages of P, falciparum in 144 Nigerian maternal milli samples and also in paired maternal and infant sera. The study also demonstrates significant in vitro growth inhibition of P, falciparum by maternal and infant sera, but most notably by breastmilk samples and breastmilk constituents, such as lactoferrin and sIgA. The results therefore suggest a protective in vivo role for breastmilk in the possible modulation of malaria frequency, severity and complications. C1 Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ile Ife, Nigeria. Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Paediat, Ile Ife, Nigeria. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC USA. RP Kassim, OO (reprint author), Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-6338 J9 J TROP PEDIATRICS JI J. Trop. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2000 VL 46 IS 2 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1093/tropej/46.2.92 PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 316TA UT WOS:000087183100006 PM 10822935 ER PT J AU Morey, AF McAninch, JW AF Morey, AF McAninch, JW TI Sonographic staging of anterior urethral strictures SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Review DE urethral stricture; diagnostic imaging; ultrasonography ID COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; INTERNAL URETHROTOMY; SONOURETHROGRAPHY; RECONSTRUCTION; DISEASE; URETHROPLASTY; URETHROGRAPHY; PENILE AB Purpose: Although radiographic retrograde urethrography has traditionally been the gold standard for imaging the anterior urethra, sonourethrography has proved to be precise and effective for evaluating urethral strictures. We review the evolution of sonourethrography and demonstrate its practical contemporary applications. Materials and Methods: We performed literature reviews on MEDLINE and chart reviews of our patient records from 1988 to 1998. Results: Sonourethrography measures stricture length in the bulbar urethra more accurately than conventional retrograde urethrography. Spongiofibrosis is manifested sonographically by a lack of urethral distensibility during retrograde instillation of saline solution. Posterior shadowing is noted in severe posttraumatic cases. Sonographic staging before treatment of complex or reoperative anterior strictures elucidates complicating features, such as calculi, urethral hair, false passage and stent encrustation. Conclusions: Sonographic staging of anterior urethral strictures offers clinically important information that may be useful in guiding reconstructive therapy. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp, Serv Urol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 28 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 4 BP 1070 EP 1075 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67696-3 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 295NE UT WOS:000085974000002 PM 10737469 ER PT J AU Hsu, THS Gill, IS Grune, MT Andersen, R Eckhoff, D Goldfarb, DA Gruessner, R Hodge, EE Munch, LC Nghiem, DD Nye, A Reckard, CR Shaver, T Stratta, RJ Taylor, RJ AF Hsu, THS Gill, IS Grune, MT Andersen, R Eckhoff, D Goldfarb, DA Gruessner, R Hodge, EE Munch, LC Nghiem, DD Nye, A Reckard, CR Shaver, T Stratta, RJ Taylor, RJ TI Laparoscopic lymphocelectomy: A multi-institutional analysis SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE laparoscopy; lymphocele; kidney transplantation; lymph nodes ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOCELES; MANAGEMENT; DRAINAGE; MARSUPIALIZATION AB Purpose: Because symptomatic lymphoceles are infrequent, single center studies generally report small numbers of patients. We report a multi-institutional experience with and long-term outcome following laparoscopic lymphocelectomy in 81 patients. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 9 institutions at which at least 5 cases of laparoscopic lymphocelectomy had been performed. Baseline patient demographics, operative time and blood loss, special operative adjunct techniques, postoperative course, convalescence, complications and lymphocele recurrence data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 56 men and 25 women with a mean age of 41 years were included in the study. Lymphocele formed after renal transplantation in 78 patients (96%) and after pelvic lymph node dissection in 3 (4%). Average operating time was 123 minutes with a mean blood loss of 43 ml. Omentopexy was performed in 11 cases (13.6%). No intraoperative stenting of the transplant ureter was performed. Intraoperative complications consisted of laryngospasm, bladder injury, inferior epigastric artery injury and mild renal capsule hematoma in 1 patient each. Conversion to open surgery was required for repair of bladder injury in 1, repair of preexisting hernia in 1, unusually thickened lymphocele wall in 1 and inaccessible lymphocele location in 4 cases. Mean time to ambulation and resumption of regular diet was 1 day, and mean hospital stay was 1.5 days. Postoperative complications included trocar site hernia in 1 and urinary retention in 2. Convalescence averaged 2.5 weeks. During a mean followup of 27 months 5 patients (6%) had lymphocele recurrence. Conclusions: Laparoscopic lymphocelectomy is safe, minimally invasive and effective. It is an excellent alternative to the conventional open surgical approach. C1 Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Urol, Sect Laparoscop & Minimally Invas Surg, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Div Urol, Omaha, NE USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Lehigh Valley Hosp, Allentown, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gill, IS (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Urol, Sect Laparoscop & Minimally Invas Surg, A-100,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. NR 22 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 4 BP 1096 EP 1098 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67700-2 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 295NE UT WOS:000085974000006 PM 10737473 ER PT J AU Hsu, THS Gill, IS Grune, MT Andersen, R Eckhoff, D Goldfarb, DA Gruessner, R Hodge, EE Munch, LC Nghiem, DD Nye, A Reckard, CR Shaver, T Stratta, RJ Taylor, RJ AF Hsu, THS Gill, IS Grune, MT Andersen, R Eckhoff, D Goldfarb, DA Gruessner, R Hodge, EE Munch, LC Nghiem, DD Nye, A Reckard, CR Shaver, T Stratta, RJ Taylor, RJ TI Laparoscopic lymphocelectomy: A multi-institutional analysis - Reply SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Urol, Sect Laparoscop & Minimally Invas Surg, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Div Urol, Omaha, NE USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Lehigh Valley Hosp, Allentown, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gill, IS (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Urol, Sect Laparoscop & Minimally Invas Surg, A-100,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 4 BP 1099 EP 1099 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 295NE UT WOS:000085974000008 ER PT J AU Selby, DM Simon, C Foley, JP Thompson, IM Baddour, RT AF Selby, DM Simon, C Foley, JP Thompson, IM Baddour, RT TI Renal medullary carcinoma: Can early diagnosis lead to long-term survival? SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE carcinoma, medullary; kidney; sickle cell trait C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Selby, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 4 BP 1238 EP 1238 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67733-6 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 295NE UT WOS:000085974000046 PM 10737506 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Hritz, D Kanesa-thasan, N AF Houng, HSH Hritz, D Kanesa-thasan, N TI Quantitative detection of dengue 2 virus using fluorogenic RT-PCR based on 3 '-noncoding sequence SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE dengue; disease diagnosis; fluorogenic reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; 3 '-noncoding region ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; UNIVERSAL PRIMERS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; FLAVIVIRUSES AB A fluorescent DNA probe (DV2.P1) specific to the conserved distal 3'-noncoding region (nucleotides 10 653-10 678) of dengue 2 virus and a pair of flanking primers (DV2.L1 and DV2.U2) were designed to formulate a dengue 2-specific fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, DV2.L1 was also used as a reverse transcription (RT) primer to generate superior cDNA from dengue viral RNA. Optimal assay conditions with zero background were established to detect low levels of dengue 2 virus from clinical specimens. The range of dengue virus detection in spiked human sera was determined to be from 10 to 10(6) infectious virions per milliliter (plaque forming units determined using Vero cell line). Dengue 2 virus isolates from different geographic regions can be detected universally and identified by the fluorogenic RT-PCR assay. Moreover, the assay is specific for dengue 2 virus and does not recognize other related flaviviruses, including dengue serotypes 1, 3 and 4, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, yellow fever, and Kunjin viruses. The assay also detected efficiently immunocomplexed dengue viruses. In practice, the fluorogenic RT-PCR assay detected readily viremia in sera collected from individuals ill with dengue fever. The rise and fall of dengue 2 virus concentrations in rhesus monkeys, reflecting viral proliferation and clearance, was also clearly illustrated by the assay. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect & Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kanesa-thasan, N (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect & Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD APR PY 2000 VL 86 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00166-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 296ZP UT WOS:000086056900001 PM 10713370 ER PT J AU Elliott, JJ AF Elliott, JJ TI IACUC - Responsibilities for training SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Vet Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78239 USA. RP Elliott, JJ (reprint author), USA, Vet Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD APR PY 2000 VL 29 IS 4 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 302VU UT WOS:000086387800004 ER PT J AU Babiker, A Darby, S De Angelis, D Kwart, D Porter, K Beral, V Darbyshire, J Day, N Gill, N Coutinho, R Prins, M van Benthem, B Coutinho, R Dabis, F Marimoutou, C Ruiz, I Tusell, J Altisent, C Evatt, B Jaffe, H Kirk, O Pedersen, C Rosenberg, P Goedert, J Biggar, R Melbye, M Brettie, R Downs, A Hamouda, O Touloumi, G Karafoulidou, A Katsarou, O Donfield, S Gomperts, E Hilgartner, M Hoots, K Schoenbaum, E Beral, V Zangerle, R Del Amo, J Pezzotti, P Rezza, G Hutchinson, S Day, N De Angelis, D Gore, S Kingsley, L Schrager, L Rosenberg, P Goedert, J Melnick, S Koblin, B Eskild, A Bruun, J Sannes, M Evans, B Lepri, AC Sabin, C Buchbinder, S Vittinghoff, E Moss, A Osmond, D Winkelstein, W Goldberg, D Boufassa, F Meyer, L Egger, M Francioli, P Rickenbach, M Cooper, D Tindall, B Sharkey, T Vizzard, J Kaldor, J Cunningham, P Vanhems, P Vizzard, J Kaldor, J Learmont, J Farewell, V Berglund, O Mosley, J Operskalski, E van den Berg, M Metzger, D Tobin, D Woody, G Rusnak, J Hendrix, C Garner, R Hawkes, C Renzullo, P Garland, F Darby, S Ewart, D Giangrande, P Lee, C Phillips, A Spooner, R Wilde, J Winter, M Babiker, A Darbyshire, J Evans, B Gill, N Johnson, A Phillips, A Porter, K Lorenzo, JI Schechter, M AF Babiker, A Darby, S De Angelis, D Kwart, D Porter, K Beral, V Darbyshire, J Day, N Gill, N Coutinho, R Prins, M van Benthem, B Coutinho, R Dabis, F Marimoutou, C Ruiz, I Tusell, J Altisent, C Evatt, B Jaffe, H Kirk, O Pedersen, C Rosenberg, P Goedert, J Biggar, R Melbye, M Brettie, R Downs, A Hamouda, O Touloumi, G Karafoulidou, A Katsarou, O Donfield, S Gomperts, E Hilgartner, M Hoots, K Schoenbaum, E Beral, V Zangerle, R Del Amo, J Pezzotti, P Rezza, G Hutchinson, S Day, N De Angelis, D Gore, S Kingsley, L Schrager, L Rosenberg, P Goedert, J Melnick, S Koblin, B Eskild, A Bruun, J Sannes, M Evans, B Lepri, AC Sabin, C Buchbinder, S Vittinghoff, E Moss, A Osmond, D Winkelstein, W Goldberg, D Boufassa, F Meyer, L Egger, M Francioli, P Rickenbach, M Cooper, D Tindall, B Sharkey, T Vizzard, J Kaldor, J Cunningham, P Vanhems, P Vizzard, J Kaldor, J Learmont, J Farewell, V Berglund, O Mosley, J Operskalski, E van den Berg, M Metzger, D Tobin, D Woody, G Rusnak, J Hendrix, C Garner, R Hawkes, C Renzullo, P Garland, F Darby, S Ewart, D Giangrande, P Lee, C Phillips, A Spooner, R Wilde, J Winter, M Babiker, A Darbyshire, J Evans, B Gill, N Johnson, A Phillips, A Porter, K Lorenzo, JI Schechter, M CA Collaborative Grp AIDS Incubation TI Time from HIV-1 seroconversion to AIDS and death before widespread use of highly-active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative re-analysis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; HEPATITIS-C; DISEASE PROGRESSION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; AGE; HEMOPHILIA; SURVIVAL AB Background We used data from Europe, North America, and Australia to assess the effect of exposure category on the AIDS incubation period and HIV-1 survival and whether the effect of age at seroconversion varies with exposure category and with time since seroconversion. Methods 38 studies of HIV-1-infected individuals whose dates of seroconversion could be reliably estimated were included in the analysis. Individual data on 13 030 HIV-1-infected individuals from 15 countries were collated, checked, and analysed centrally. We calculated estimates of mortality and AIDS incidence rates and estimated the proportions of individuals surviving and developing AIDS at each year after seroconversion from the numbers of observed deaths or cases of AIDS and the corresponding person-years at risk. Analyses were adjusted for age at seroconversion, time since seroconversion, and other factors as appropriate. Findings Mortality and AIDS incidence increased strongly with time since seroconversion and age at seroconversion. Median survival varied from 12.5 years (95% CI 12.1-12.9) for those aged 15-24 years at seroconversion to 7.9 years (7.4-8.5) for those aged 45-54 years at seroconversion, whereas for development of AIDS the corresponding values were 11.0 years (10.7-11.7) and 7.7 years (7.1-8.6). There was no appreciable effect of exposure category on survival. For AIDS incidence, the exposure category effect that we noted was explained by the high incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in those infected through sex between men. We estimated that among people aged 25-29 years at seroconversion 90% (89-91) and 60% (57-62) survived to 5 years and 10 years, respectively, after seroconversion, whereas 13% (12-15) and 46% (44-49), respectively, developed AIDS (excluding Kaposi's sarcoma). Interpretation Before widespread use of highly-active antiretroviral therapy (before 1996), time since seroconversion and age at seroconversion were the major determinants of survival and development of AIDS in Europe, North America, and Australia. C1 Radcliffe Infirm, Imperial Canc Res Fund, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford OX2 6HE, England. Amsterdam Cohort Study Drug Users, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Amsterdam Cohort Study Homosexual Men, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Barcelona Haemophillia Cohort, Barcelona, Spain. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Copenhagen Cohort, Copenhagen, Denmark. Aquitaine Cohort, Aquitaine, France. Edinburgh City Hosp Cohort, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. European Ctr Epidemiol Monitoring AIDS, St Maurice, France. HERO Study, Birmingham, AL USA. Imperial Canc Res Fund, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. Innsbruck AIDS Study, Innsbruck, Austria. Inst Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. MRC BIAS, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York Prospect AIDS Study, New York, NY 10021 USA. Publ Hlth Lab Serv, Ctr Communicable Dis Surveillance, London NW9 5EQ, England. Royal Free Hosp, Sch Med, London, England. San Francisco City Clin Cohort, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp Cohort, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Mens Hlth Study, San Francisco, CA USA. Scottish Ctr Infect & Environm Hlth, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Lausanne, Switzerland. Sydney AIDS Prospect Study, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Sydney Primary HIV Infect Cohort, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Sydney Primary HIV Infect Working Party, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Sydney Red Cross Cohort, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Toronto Sexual Hlth Study, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Utrecht Hosp, Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Penn, Risk Assessment Project, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USAF, HIV Nat Hist Study, Washington, DC 20330 USA. USA, Data Syst Cohort, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USN, HIV Cohort, Washington, DC 20350 USA. Valencia Haemophilia Cohort, Valencia, Spain. Vancouver Lymphadenopathy AIDS Study, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Beral, V (reprint author), Radcliffe Infirm, Imperial Canc Res Fund, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Gibson Bldg, Oxford OX2 6HE, England. RI Sabin, Caroline/C-2464-2008; Phillips, Andrew/B-4427-2008; Beral, Valerie/B-2979-2013; Kaldor, John /D-4545-2011; SHCS, int. coll. B/G-4090-2011; SHCS, all/G-4072-2011; Metzger, David/D-9499-2012; Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014; REZZA, GIOVANNI/D-4393-2016; DEL AMO VALERO, JULIA/M-7020-2015 OI Phillips, Andrew/0000-0003-2384-4807; Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665; REZZA, GIOVANNI/0000-0003-0268-6790; DEL AMO VALERO, JULIA/0000-0002-3104-540X NR 26 TC 260 Z9 265 U1 2 U2 16 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 1 PY 2000 VL 355 IS 9210 BP 1131 EP 1137 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 302TC UT WOS:000086380900010 ER PT J AU Leso, JF AF Leso, JF TI Confidentiality and the psychological treatment of US Army aircrew members SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The present article addresses the issue of confidentiality in U.S. Army psychological services and the special considerations affecting the confidentiality afforded to Army aviation personnel receiving such services. The author reviews Army regulations and American Psychological Association ethical standards relevant to the issue of confidentiality for aircrew members. Recommendations are offered for mental health professionals who provide services to Army aviation personnel, and a hypothetical clinical case is presented to illustrate the concepts discussed. C1 USA, Sch Aviat Med, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Leso, JF (reprint author), USA, Sch Aviat Med, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 4 BP 261 EP 262 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 306BG UT WOS:000086575800006 PM 10802995 ER PT J AU Craig, SC Lee, T AF Craig, SC Lee, T TI Attention to detail: Injuries at altitude among US Army military static line parachutists SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Altitude injuries, defined as injuries sustained by military static line parachutists before ground impact, have not been reviewed for 50 years. There are indications that these injuries are increasing at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Between May 1, 1994, and April 30, 1996, surveillance was conducted for parachute-related injuries and altitude injuries at Fort Bragg. The incidence of all jump-related injuries was 8.1/1,000 aircraft exits. Significant risk factors for injury included being 30 years of age or older (p < 0.001) and being female (p = 0.003). The overall incidence of altitude injuries was noted to be 0.46/1,000 aircraft exits. Risk factors for altitude injury included being 40 years of age or older (p = 0.005) and in the rank of E-1 to E-3 (p = 0.0001). Fifty-four percent of injuries occurred during exiting before complete parachute deployment, and 46% occurred during the opening shock of the parachute. Mechanisms of injury included static line entanglement (33%), riser/suspension-line entanglement (46%), aircraft strikes (21%), unsecured equipment strikes (1%), and opening shock deceleration (1%). The majority of severe altitude injuries are caused by riser/suspension-line entanglement (63%) and involve the knee joint (37%). Although the incidence of altitude injury is quite small, the potential risk for career-threatening and/or life-threatening injury is great. This risk can be reduced by appropriate training and attention to detail. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Craig, SC (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 12 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 4 BP 268 EP 271 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 306BG UT WOS:000086575800008 PM 10802997 ER PT J AU DuBois, DJ Reichl, RB Hondrum, SO AF DuBois, DJ Reichl, RB Hondrum, SO TI The comparative radiopacity of Fuji IX-CP, an intermediate restorative material SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LUTING CEMENTS; RESIN AB The radiopacity of intermediate restorative materials should be sufficient to enable the clinician to distinguish the material from normal and decalcified tooth structure. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative radiopacities of intermediate restorative materials, including a newly introduced high-viscosity, self-cured, condensable glass ionomer material. Radiographs were made of six intermediate restorative materials: two reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol materials (IRM and Zinroc), a conventional glass ionomer material (Ketac-fil), a synthetic resin material (Cavit), a eugenol-free zinc oxide material (Tempit), and a new, general-purpose, condensable glass ionomer material (Fuji IX-GP), Optical density was measured using a densitometer. The optical density of dentin and enamel were used for radiographic comparison. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among materials: Cavit = IRM = Tempit > Zinroc = Fuji IX-GP > Ketac-fil = enamel > dentin (where > indicates a statistical difference at p less than or equal to 0.05). Although not as radiopaque as some other intermediate materials tested, the radiopacity of Fuji IX-GP appears Sufficient to aid diagnosis. C1 2 Year Residency Program, Adv Educ Gen Dent, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP DuBois, DJ (reprint author), USA Dent Act, Dent Clin 5, Residency Clin, Attn LTC David J DuBois, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 4 BP 278 EP 282 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 306BG UT WOS:000086575800011 PM 10803000 ER PT J AU Dilly, GA Shanklin, CW AF Dilly, GA Shanklin, CW TI Solid waste management practices in US Army medical treatment facilities SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB U.S. Army medical treatment facilities (MTFs) will be challenged to reduce waste as the Army internalizes an environmental ethic and privatizes solid waste management. A questionnaire was modified to survey solid waste management practices, participation in waste reduction and recycling programs, and solid waste management problems in 25 MTFs. Questionnaires were returned by 19 (76%) of the sites. Eighteen sites participated in waste reduction and recycling programs. Twelve sites used contractors to disinfect potentially infectious solid waste off site. Mean importance ratings of waste reduction and recycling were 2.00 and 1.83 (1 = very important; 5 = very unimportant), respectively. Limited staffing was ranked as the most significant waste management problem, followed by cost and regulatory compliance. More information on waste generation in MTFs is needed, The Army Medical Department should be presented as a model of environmental and natural resource stewardship for the health care industry. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Nutr Care Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dilly, GA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Nutr Care Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 4 BP 302 EP 304 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 306BG UT WOS:000086575800017 PM 10803006 ER PT J AU Gilligan, K Shipley, M Stiles, B Hadfield, TL Ibrahim, MS AF Gilligan, K Shipley, M Stiles, B Hadfield, TL Ibrahim, MS TI Identification of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A and B genes by PCR-ELISA SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus; PCR-ELISA; enterotoxins ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CROSS-REACTIVITY; TOXIN AB We developed PCR-enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays to detect Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A and B genes. The assays use internal biotin-labelled oligonucleotides as capture probes for immobilizing and subsequently detecting target sequences on microtiter plates. The detection limits of the PCR-ELISAs were approximately 250 gene copies, versus 2500 gene copies by agarose gel analysis. The sensitivity of the assays, as determined from a reference panel of 46 coded samples that included DNA purified from 31 different bacterial species and strains, SEA and SEB plasmid controls, and no-template controls was 100%. No cross-reactivity was observed with DNA from non-staphylococcal species, Using 27 clinical isolates of S. aureus, the SEA PCR-ELISA identified the enterotoxin A (sea) gene in 26 samples, and the SEB PCR-ELISA identified the enterotoxin B (seb) gene in all 27 samples. Compared with conventional antigen capture ELISAs for SEA and SEB toxins, the PCR-ELISAs showed overall superior detection limits. The sensitivity and specificity levels of the SEA PCR-ELISA and the SEA toxin ELISA were comparable within their respective detection thresholds, but the sensitivity and specificity of the SEB PCR-ELISA was much greater than that of SEB toxin ELISA. (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Ibrahim, MS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1006/mcpr.2000.0286 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 319GK UT WOS:000087333000003 PM 10799267 ER PT J AU Judd, DB Liem, LK Petermann, G AF Judd, DB Liem, LK Petermann, G TI Pediatric atlas fracture: A case of fracture through a synchondrosis and review of the literature SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE atlas fractures; cervical; diastasis; pediatric; synchondrosis ID JEFFERSON FRACTURE; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Although uncommon, atlas fractures occur in the pediatric population. We present an illustrative case of a patient with a fracture through a synchondrosis of the atlas, and we review previous reports of pediatric first cervical vertebral fractures. The clinical and radiographic findings ave described. In addition, we describe the use of magnetic resonance imaging in characterizing a pediatric atlas fracture. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old boy who fell from a tree onto his vertex presented with neck pain, cervical muscle spasm, and head tilt Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrated a fractuue through a left anterior synchondrosis with surrounding edema. In the literature, 10 cases of pediatric atlas fracture have been reported. INTERVENTION: Treatment of pediatric atlas fractures consists of rigid bracing such as a Minerva jacket All of the cases of isolated C1 fracture in children, except the patient originally described by Sir Geoffrey Jefferson, survived and recovered with full function. Surgery is rarely indicated for isolated atlas fractures. CONCLUSION: The classic clinical presentation, combined with an appropriate injury scenario, should alert the clinician to the possibility of a pediatric atlas fracture and should prompt rapid evaluation with imaging studies to establish a diagnosis. When the injury is appropriately diagnosed and treated, an excellent outcome can be expected. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Serv Neuroradiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Liem, LK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Dept Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD APR PY 2000 VL 46 IS 4 BP 991 EP 994 DI 10.1097/00006123-200004000-00043 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 302HR UT WOS:000086360100130 PM 10764277 ER PT J AU Cahill, M Fleharty, M Cahill, K AF Cahill, M Fleharty, M Cahill, K TI Simulations of protein folding SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 99) CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 1999 CL PISA, ITALY SP Univ Pisa, Dept Fisica, INFN, Scuola Normale Superiore, CNR, Regione Toscana, Comune Pisa, Soc Italiana Fisica ID PRINCIPLES AB We have developed a simple, phenomenological, Monte-Carlo code that predicts the three-dimensional structure of globular proteins from the DNA sequences that define them. We have applied this code to two small proteins, the villin headpiece (1VII) and cole1 rop (1ROP). Our code folds both proteins to within 5 Angstrom rms of their native structures. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Cahill, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2000 VL 83-4 BP 929 EP 931 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)00384-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 308TV UT WOS:000086729700260 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, DI Gobern, J Krivak, T Gordon, M AF Gonzalez, DI Gobern, J Krivak, T Gordon, M TI Guest editorial: Stump the professor SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Gonzalez, DI (reprint author), Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2200 Beraquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD APR PY 2000 VL 55 IS 4 BP 193 EP 194 DI 10.1097/00006254-200004000-00001 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 390LF UT WOS:000166295900001 PM 10758618 ER PT J AU Mair, EA Day, RH AF Mair, EA Day, RH TI Cautery-assisted palatal stiffening operation SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; UVULOPALATOPLASTY; LASER; COMPLICATIONS; ELECTROCAUTERY; RELIEF AB Outpatient surgical therapy of habitual snoring and mild obstructive sleep apnea has evolved significantly in recent years. We introduce the cautery-assisted palatal stiffening operation (CAPSO) and detail its important advantages over uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, and palatal radiofrequency ablation, CAPSO is critically analyzed with regard to extent of surgery, need for repetition of procedure, results, complications, predictors of success, and cost analysis. CAPSO is a mucosal surgery that induces a midline palatal scar that stiffens the floppy palate. Two hundred six consecutive patients underwent CAPSO over an 18-month period, followed by office examination and telephone evaluation. The success rate was initially 92% and dipped to 77% after 1 year. CAPSO eliminates excessive snoring caused by palatal flutter and has success rates that were comparable with those of traditional palatal surgery. CAPSO is a simple and safe office procedure that avoids the need for multiple-stage operations and does not rely on expensive laser systems or radiofrequency generators and hand pieces. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. USAF, David Grant Med Ctr, Fairfield, CA USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Otorhinolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 29 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2000 VL 122 IS 4 BP 547 EP 555 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(00)70099-4 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 303KG UT WOS:000086420600014 PM 10740176 ER PT J AU Fenton, CL Patel, A Terrell, R Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Fenton, CL Patel, A Terrell, R Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Nitrotyrosine (N-TYR) is increased in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) of children and young adults SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 750 BP 127A EP 127A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155300751 ER PT J AU Folstad, A Patel, A Fenton, C Dinauer, C Tuttle, RM Francis, G AF Folstad, A Patel, A Fenton, C Dinauer, C Tuttle, RM Francis, G TI Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67) is increased in malignant thyroid tumors of children and young adults SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 754 BP 128A EP 128A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155300755 ER PT J AU Nunez, SB Yao, LP Huff, W Alam, R Berkenbaugh, JT Levin, SW AF Nunez, SB Yao, LP Huff, W Alam, R Berkenbaugh, JT Levin, SW TI WTI mutation in Denys-Drash syndrome with inheritance from a mosaic-carrier parent SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Genet Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 802 BP 136A EP 136A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155300803 ER PT J AU Leopold, EL Bornstein, JA Pineiro-Carrero, V Rogers, PA Winesett, D Sullivan, CA AF Leopold, EL Bornstein, JA Pineiro-Carrero, V Rogers, PA Winesett, D Sullivan, CA TI Utility of routine duodenal biopsies during esophagogastroduodenoscopy SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 975 BP 166A EP 166A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155300976 ER PT J AU Braun, L Thompson, MW Greenwald, JR Ko, CW Flynn, D Williams, R AF Braun, L Thompson, MW Greenwald, JR Ko, CW Flynn, D Williams, R TI Intrauterine growth parameters for infants born at military hospitals SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Clin Informat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 1793 BP 304A EP 304A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155301791 ER PT J AU Schiemel, AW Burklow, TR Gurevich-Uyena, J Kim, C Mair, EM Patterson, HS AF Schiemel, AW Burklow, TR Gurevich-Uyena, J Kim, C Mair, EM Patterson, HS TI Clinical profile of adolescents with vocal cord dysfunction SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 4 SU S MA 2843 BP 481A EP 481A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 298TM UT WOS:000086155302842 ER PT J AU Yang, RQ Bruno, JD Bradshaw, JL Pham, JT Wortman, DE AF Yang, RQ Bruno, JD Bradshaw, JL Pham, JT Wortman, DE TI Interband cascade lasers: progress and challenges SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article DE antimonides; diode lasers; type-II quantum wells; interband cascade lasers ID II QUANTUM-WELLS; EFFICIENCY AB Interband cascade (IC) lasers take advantage of the broken-gap alignment in type-II InAs/Ga(In)Sb heterostructures to reuse electrons for sequential photon emissions from successively connected active regions; thus, they represent a new class of mid-IR light sources. In this work, we describe recent progress in IC lasers at emission wavelengths of 3.8-3.9 mu m; these lasers have exhibited significantly higher differential quantum efficiencies and peak powers than previously reported. These InAs/GaInSb type-II IC lasers were able to operate at temperatures up to 217 K, which is higher than the previous record (182 K) for an IC laser at this wavelength. We observed from several devices at temperatures above 80 K a slope greater than 750 mW/A per facet, corresponding to a differential external quantum efficiency exceeding 460%. A peak optical output power exceeding 4 W/facet and peak power efficiency of similar to 7% were observed from a device at 80 K. Also discussed are challenging issues related to the reduction of threshold currents and power dissipation to further advance this new class of lasers. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, RQ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Bradshaw, John/E-8330-2011 NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD APR PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(99)00280-5 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 297HL UT WOS:000086076800016 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Chen, CJ Bacher, KL Tsui, DC AF Choi, KK Chen, CJ Bacher, KL Tsui, DC TI New designs and applications of corrugated QWIPs SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article DE infrared detector; light coupling; polarization-sensitive detection AB Corrugated QWIPs are sensitive to only one polarization of light. We used two C-QWIPs with their corrugations oriented in orthogonal directions for polarization-sensitive detection. By measuring the photocurrent ratio from these two detectors, the polarization-state of the radiation rather than its intensity can be sensed; the detection is useful in scenes with extremely small or large intensity contrast. Using C-QWIPs for detector characterization, we obtained the intensity decay function of light propagating nearly parallel to the layers, with which the absorption coefficient can be measured. New C-QWIPs have been designed to improve the detector performance. In one approach, additional vertical trenches are etched into C-QWIP structures. In another approach, the entire corrugated area is covered with a conformal dielectric and a metal. Both approaches prove effective. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Quantum Epitaxial Designs Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD APR PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1-2 BP 112 EP 114 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(99)00294-5 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 297HL UT WOS:000086076800025 ER PT J AU Hwang, EH Das Sarma, S Stroscio, MA AF Hwang, EH Das Sarma, S Stroscio, MA TI Role of confined phonons in thin-film superconductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We calculate the critical temperature T-c and the superconducting energy gaps Delta(n) of a thin-film superconductor system, where a,, is the superconducting energy gap of the nth subband. Since the quantization of both the electron energy and phonon spectrum arises due to dimensional confinement in one direction, the effective electron-electron interaction mediated by the quantized confined phonons is different from that mediated by the bulk phonon, leading to the modification of T-c in the thin-him system. We investigate the dependence of T-c and Delta(n) on the film thickness d with this modified interaction. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hwang, EH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Hwang, Euyheon/A-6239-2013; Das Sarma, Sankar/B-2400-2009 OI Das Sarma, Sankar/0000-0002-0439-986X NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 13 BP 8659 EP 8662 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8659 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 306LD UT WOS:000086597400019 ER PT J AU Akozbek, N Bowden, CM Talebpour, A Chin, SL AF Akozbek, N Bowden, CM Talebpour, A Chin, SL TI Femtosecond pulse propagation in air: Variational analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LASER-PULSES; MOVING FOCUS AB We use a variational method to study the phenomenon of intense femtosecond pulse propagation in air. This method allows us to obtain a semianalytical solution to the problem in which a wide range of initial conditions can be studied. In addition, it provides a simple physical interpertation, where the problem is reduced to an analogous problem of a particle moving in a potential well. Different types of possible solutions are considered, with focus upon the main physical interpretations. The results recapture at least qualitatively some of the major experimental observations, and previous numerical simulations. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Univ Laval, Dept Phys, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. RP Akozbek, N (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 32 TC 107 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2000 VL 61 IS 4 BP 4540 EP 4549 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.4540 PN B PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 306LC UT WOS:000086597300066 ER PT J AU Mulkern, TJ Tan, NCB AF Mulkern, TJ Tan, NCB TI Processing and characterization of reactive polystyrene/hyperbranched polyester blends SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE reactive blends; hyperbranched polymer; dendrimer ID STYRENE-MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE; POLYMER BLENDS; COALESCENCE; MORPHOLOGY; COPOLYMERS; ADHESION; PHASE AB Newly developed hyperbranched polyols (HBPs) possess a compact, highly branched, three-dimensional (3D) structure, which has a high density of functional end groups and inherently low viscosity. The combination of these two properties, low viscosity and high reactivity, makes HBP polymers attractive candidates for reactive polymer blending. The HBP additives are able to behave as lubricants during processing and as self-compatibilizing toughening agents in the final blend formulation. In this work, we have studied a series of blends of hyperbranched polyester with high molecular weight polystyrenes. The processability and compatibility in the blends were investigated as a function of volume fraction of the HBP added and reactivity of the matrix phase. We find, through processing and rheological studies, that HBPs are extremely effective processing aids. A significant drop in the blend viscosity occurs immediately on addition of HBP, even at levels as low as 2 vol.%. Characterization including microscopy, thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicates that the HBP forms immiscible blends with polystyrene and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymers. A significant degree of compatibilization occurs in the reactive systems, as evidenced by shifts in the thermal transitions of the HBP phase, and by morphology refinement observed by electron microscopy. The degree of compatibilization in the blends was found to increase with SMA reactivity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Weap Mat Res Div,Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mulkern, TJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Weap Mat Res Div,Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 69 TC 54 Z9 66 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD APR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 9 BP 3193 EP 3203 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00543-1 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 276LL UT WOS:000084879200010 ER PT J AU Byrne, MP Titball, RW Holley, J Smith, LA AF Byrne, MP Titball, RW Holley, J Smith, LA TI Fermentation, purification, and efficacy of a recombinant vaccine candidate against botulinum neurotoxin type F from Pichia pastoris SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article ID TOXIN FRAGMENT-C; FOREIGN GENE-EXPRESSION; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; TETANUS TOXIN; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEAVY SUBUNIT; B NEUROTOXIN; A NEUROTOXIN AB A recombinant vaccine candidate was developed that protected mice against botulinum neurotoxin serotype F (BoNTF) intoxication. A synthetic gene encoding BoNTF fragment C (rBoNTF(H-c)) was designed, constructed, and inserted into a plasmid for expression in the yeast Pichia pastoris. A total cell protein content of 2.9 g was obtained per liter of fermentation broth. Recombinant rBoNTF(H-c) was purified from the soluble yeast extract in two chromatographic steps. The process employed Mono S cation exchange chemistry followed by Alkyl-Superose hydrophobic interaction chromatography, producing material judged to be greater than 98% pure by SDS-PAGE. The recovery of purified product from cell extract was estimated to be greater than 42%, with a yield of 140 mg/kg of cell paste. rBoNTF(H-c) was also purified from the insoluble fraction of the yeast cell lysate, Because the fragment C in the pellet was 35% of the total insoluble protein, only a Mono S cation exchange chromatography step was necessary to achieve a purity greater than 98%. Mice that received three injections of 0.2 mu g of purified soluble rBoNTF(H-c) were completely protected when challenged with 1000 mouse ip LD50 of BoNTF toxin, Similarly, three doses of 1 mu g of purified resolubilized rBoNTF(H-c) completely protected mice from a challenge of 5000 mouse ip LD50 of BoNTF toxin, Individual serum antibody ELISA titers of mice injected with soluble rBoNTF(H-c) correlated with survival as all 34 mice with ELISA titers of 100 or greater survived toxin challenge. The work presented here demonstrates that purified rBoNTF(H-c) is able to protect against a high challenge dose of neurotoxin, (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Def Evaluat & Res Agcy, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 43 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD APR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 3 BP 327 EP 337 DI 10.1006/prep.2000.1200 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 302NA UT WOS:000086370400012 PM 10733887 ER PT J AU Blank, S AF Blank, S TI Grand delusion: Stalin and the German invasion of Russia SO RUSSIAN REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Blank, S (reprint author), US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0036-0341 J9 RUSS REV JI Russ. Rev. PD APR PY 2000 VL 59 IS 2 BP 310 EP 311 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 299ZJ UT WOS:000086228100033 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Grever, MR Waselenko, JK Willis, CR Park, K Goodrich, A Lucas, MA Shinn, C Flinn, IW AF Byrd, JC Grever, MR Waselenko, JK Willis, CR Park, K Goodrich, A Lucas, MA Shinn, C Flinn, IW TI Theophylline, pentostatin (Nipent), and chlorambucil: A dose-escalation study targeting intrinsic biologic resistance mechanisms in patients with relapsed lymphoproliferative disorders SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Future Development of Pentostatin (Nipent) - Opportunities for Using a Highly Effective, Safe Agent for Hematologic and Autoimmune Diseases CY FEB 12-13, 1999 CL ISLA VERDE, PUERTO RICO SP Johns Hopkins Univ Oncol Ctr ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; P53 GENE; CHEMOTHERAPY; MUTATIONS; APOPTOSIS; SURVIVAL; LYMPHOMA; THERAPY; CELLS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Dept Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 27 IS 2 SU 5 BP 37 EP 40 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 325PX UT WOS:000087685800008 PM 10877050 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Beer, M Lucas, MA Byrd, JC AF Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Beer, M Lucas, MA Byrd, JC TI Pentostatin (Nipent) and chlorambucil with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor support for patients with previously untreated, treated, and fludarabine-refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Future Development of Pentostatin (Nipent) - Opportunities for Using a Highly Effective, Safe Agent for Hematologic and Autoimmune Diseases CY FEB 12-13, 1999 CL ISLA VERDE, PUERTO RICO SP Johns Hopkins Univ Oncol Ctr ID PHASE-II TRIAL; T-CELL; 2'-DEOXYCOFORMYCIN; INFECTIONS; CANCER; MALIGNANCIES; INTERFERON; THERAPY; DEOXYCOFORMYCIN; LYMPHOMAS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD USA. SuperGen Inc, San Ramon, CA USA. RP Waselenko, JK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 27 IS 2 SU 5 BP 44 EP 51 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 325PX UT WOS:000087685800010 PM 10877052 ER PT J AU Routbort, JL Goretta, KC Cook, RE Wolfenstine, J AF Routbort, JL Goretta, KC Cook, RE Wolfenstine, J TI Deformation of perovskite electronic ceramics - a review SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE electronic ceramics; perovskite structure; deformation ID OXIDATION-REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION; OXIDE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SR-DOPED LAMNO3; DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; DEFECT STRUCTURE; POINT-DEFECTS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB Steady-state deformation of several important electronic ceramics, all having a perovskite structure, is reviewed and discussed in terms of their common prominent features. Of particular importance are the ferroelectric BaTiO3, a leading candidate for electrodes in solid-oxide fuel cells, (La1-xSry)(1-x)MnO3-delta, and the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3Ox. In all cases, deformation occurs by grain-boundary sliding accommodated by diffusion. Cations are the rate-controlling species and their diffusivities can be calculated and compared to existing tracer diffusion data. In some cases, the tracer diffusion coefficients have not been measured, but measurements of steady-state creep can provide these values. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Routbort, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD APR PY 2000 VL 129 IS 1-4 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(99)00317-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 302DG UT WOS:000086349700007 ER PT J AU Naff, NJ Carhuapoma, JR Williams, MA Bhardwaj, A Ulatowski, JA Bederson, J Bullock, R Schmutzhard, E Pfausler, B Keyl, PM Tuhrim, S Hanley, DF AF Naff, NJ Carhuapoma, JR Williams, MA Bhardwaj, A Ulatowski, JA Bederson, J Bullock, R Schmutzhard, E Pfausler, B Keyl, PM Tuhrim, S Hanley, DF TI Treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage with urokinase - Effects on 30-day survival SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE intraventricular hemorrhage; outcome; urokinase ID TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; SPONTANEOUS INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN-BARRIER PERMEABILITY; NERVOUS-SYSTEM INJURY; CANINE MODEL; BLOOD-CLOT; VENTRICULAR DILATATION; EDEMA FORMATION; LYSIS; THROMBIN AB Background and Purpose-Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapy with external ventricular drainage alone has not modified outcome in these patients. Methods-Twelve pilot IVH patients who required external ventricular drainage were prospectively treated with intraventricular urokinase followed by the randomized, double-blinded allocation of 8 patients to either treatment or placebo. Observed 30-day mortality was compared with predicted 30-day mortality obtained by use of a previously validated method. Results-Twenty patients were enrolled; admission Glasgow Coma Scale score in 11 patients was less than or equal to 8; 10 patients had pulse pressure <85 mm Hg. Mean+/-SD ICH volume in 16 patients was 6.21+/-7.53 cm(3) (range 0 to 23.88 cm(3)), and mean+/-SD intraventricular hematoma volume was 44.26+/-31.65 cm(3) (range 1.31 to 100.36 cm(3)). Four patients (20%) died within 30 days. Predicted mortality for these 20 patients was 68.42% (range 3% to 100%). Probability of observing less than or equal to 4 deaths among 20 patients under a 68.42% expected mortality is 0.000012. Conclusions-Intraventricular urokinase may significantly improve 30-day survival in IVH patients. On the basis of current evidence, a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter study that uses thrombolysis to treat IVH has received funding and began January 1, 2000. C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Neurosci Crit Care, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Emergency Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Neurol Surg, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Univ Innsbruck Hosp, Dept Neurol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Hanley, DF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Neurosci Crit Care, Meyer 8-140,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. NR 42 TC 127 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD APR PY 2000 VL 31 IS 4 BP 841 EP 847 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 300WR UT WOS:000086277200006 PM 10753985 ER PT J AU Bernard, AC Fitzpatrick, EA Maley, ME Gellin, GL Tsuei, J Arden, WA Boulanger, BR Kearney, PA Ochoa, JB AF Bernard, AC Fitzpatrick, EA Maley, ME Gellin, GL Tsuei, J Arden, WA Boulanger, BR Kearney, PA Ochoa, JB TI Beta adrenoceptor regulation of macrophage arginase activity SO SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; ARGININE METABOLISM; MURINE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SEPSIS AB Background. Arginase, which metabolizes L-arginine within the urea cycle, is essential for production of polyamines and affects production of nitric oxide by depletion of L-arginine, the common substrate for both arginase and nitric oxide synthase. Having shown that trauma increases splenic macrophage arginase activity, we seek to define the mechanisms for this. RAW macrophage arginase activity and expression are increased by 8-bromo-cAMP in vitro. We hypothesize that since catecholamines increase cAMP, trauma-induced splenic arginase activity may be mediated by post-injury catecholamine release. Methods. RAW 264.7 macrophage arginase activity runs measured in vitro in response to 4 catecholamines with or without propranolol or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6 mice underwent laparotomy as a model of moderate trauma after propranolol treatment, with and without intraperitoneal Escherichia coli LPS administration as a simulated pro-inflammatory stimulus. Results. Macrophage arginase activity increased in vitro in response to catecholamines or LPS (P < .05). Propranolol pretreat ment blocked macrophage arginase activity induced by epinephrine (10 mu mol/L) in vitro (P < .05). Trauma or LPS alone increased splenic arginase activity in vivo (P < .05). Propranolol did not alter LPS-induced splenic arginase activity but did significantly reduce trauma-induced splenic arginase activity (P < .05). Conclusions. Catecholamines alone increase macrophage arginase activity through beta-adrenoceptor activation. Increased splenic arginase activity induced by moderate trauma is decreased by beta-adrenoceptor blockade, suggesting that trauma-induced arginase activity is partly mediated by endogenous catecholamines. C1 Univ Kentucky, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Vasc & Trauma Crit Care Res Program, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bernard, AC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Vasc & Trauma Crit Care Res Program, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. NR 26 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD APR PY 2000 VL 127 IS 4 BP 412 EP 418 DI 10.1067/msy.2000.104115 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 303YF UT WOS:000086454900010 PM 10776432 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, MG TI Where's the learning in service learning? SO TEACHING SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1307 NEW YORK AVE NW #700, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4712 USA SN 0092-055X J9 TEACH SOCIOL JI Teach. Sociol. PD APR PY 2000 VL 28 IS 2 BP 169 EP 170 DI 10.2307/1319267 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Sociology SC Education & Educational Research; Sociology GA 302GF UT WOS:000086356800012 ER PT J AU Lonnquest, J AF Lonnquest, J TI Under ice: Waldo Lyon and the development of the Arctic submarine. SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Lonnquest, J (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 2 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 309MF UT WOS:000086771000024 ER PT J AU Kocisko, DA Walsh, DS Eamsila, C Edstein, MD AF Kocisko, DA Walsh, DS Eamsila, C Edstein, MD TI Measurement of tafenoquine (WR 238605) in human plasma and venous and capillary blood by high-pressure liquid chromatography SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING LA English DT Article DE tafenoquine; WR 238605; malaria; high-pressure liquid chromatography ID ANTIMALARIAL; PERFORMANCE; WR-238605 AB A simple, rapid, and accurate high-pressure liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection is described for the measurement of tafenoquine (TQ) (also known as WR 238605) from human plasma and venous and capillary blood. Tafenoquine was measured in plasma and venous blood following protein precipitation. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Waters S5P Spherisorb phenyl analytical cartridge (150 mm x 4.6 mm ID., 5 mu m particle size) (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) and a mobile phase of 22 mM ammonium acetate, pH 4:acetonitrile (45:55, vol/vol). The flow rate was 1.5 mL/min and the retention times were similar to 3.5 min far WR VIIIAc (internal standard) and similar to 7.8 min for TQ. The interday and intraday coefficients of variation of TQ over a concentration range of 20-1000 ng/mL in plasma were less than or equal to 8.4% and in venous blood were less than or equal to 9.6%. The mean percent difference between added concentration and obtained concentration was 7.3% in plasma and 8.5% in venous blood over the corresponding concentration range. The limit of quantitation for both fluids was 10 ng/mL, Tafenoquine concentrations were comparable between capillary and venous blood with no significant difference between measurement in both biological fluids. The clinical application of the method was demonstrated by measuring plasma and whole blood concentrations of TQ from participants in a chemosuppression trial of the drug against malaria infections in Thailand. C1 Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Enoggera, Qld 4052, Australia. USA Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Royal Thai Army Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Malaria Res Div, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kocisko, DA (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Dunlop Dr,Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Qld 4052, Australia. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0163-4356 J9 THER DRUG MONIT JI Ther. Drug Monit. PD APR PY 2000 VL 22 IS 2 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.1097/00007691-200004000-00008 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 300QZ UT WOS:000086264800008 PM 10774631 ER PT J AU Fenton, C Patel, A Dinauer, C Robie, DK Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Fenton, C Patel, A Dinauer, C Robie, DK Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and the type 1 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor correlate with the size of papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and young adults SO THYROID LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 81st Annual Meeting of the Endocrine-Society CY JUN 12-16, 1999 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Endocrine Soc ID FACTOR VEGF; CANCER; ANGIOGENESIS; TUMORS; PROTEIN AB Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for the growth of many solid tumors, but there are Little data regarding VEGH in childhood thyroid cancers. We examined the relationships between VEGF, the type 1 VEGF receptor (FLT-1) and clinical outcome for a group of thyroid cancers in children and young adults. The expression of VEGF and FLT-1 were determined by immunohistochemistry using archival, paraffin-embedded thyroid tissue blocks and compared with the retrospective clinical outcome for each patient. The study included 67 children and young adults with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC, n = 42), follicular thyroid carcinoma (ETC, n = 8), benign lesions (n = 15), or controls (n = 2). VEGF expression was greater in PTC (mean intensity 2.23 +/-: 0.25, p = 0.002) and FTC (2.8 +/- 0.73, p = 0.01) than benign lesions (1.0 +/- 0.27), and correlated with PTC size (r = 0.42, p = 0.008). FLT-1 expression was greater in PTC (mean intensity 2.8 +/- 0.17) than FTC (1.9 +/- 0.25, p = 0.015) and benign lesions (1.7 +/- 0.32, p 0.002); and correlated with PTC size (r = 0.41, p = 0.01) as well as VEGF expression (r = 0.52, p = 0.002). Recurrent disease developed exclusively in patients with PTC which expressed VEGF (7/28, 95% CI 10.6%-44.2%). PTC that did not express VEGF (0/8, 95% CI = 0%-31.2%) did not recur; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.15). We conclude that the expression of VEGF and FLT-1 are directly correlated with the size of PTC in children and young adults. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gfrancis@usuhs.mil NR 24 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD APR PY 2000 VL 10 IS 4 BP 349 EP 357 DI 10.1089/thy.2000.10.349 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 310FZ UT WOS:000086817000010 PM 10807064 ER PT J AU Jakubowski, EM Sidell, FR Evans, RA Carter, MA Keeler, JR McMonagle, JD Swift, A Smith, JR Dolzine, TW AF Jakubowski, EM Sidell, FR Evans, RA Carter, MA Keeler, JR McMonagle, JD Swift, A Smith, JR Dolzine, TW TI Quantification of thiodiglycol in human urine after an accidental sulfur mustard exposure SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE analysis; chemical warfare agent; chemical warfare agent exposure verification; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; human exposure; sulfur mustard; thiodiglycol ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS AB A case of accidental human exposure to sulfur mustard, the chemical warfare agent, was documented The exposure produced shin damage in, the form of erythema and blisters comprising less than 5% of the body surface area. Analytical methods verified and quantitatively analyzed the exposure by observing urinary thiodiglycol levels using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A maximum thiodiglycol urinary excretion rate of 20 mu g/day was reached at day 3. Concentrations over 10 ng/mL were seen for as long as a week postexposure using the standard assay. First-order analysis of the elimination data yielded a thiodiglycol half-life of 1.2 d. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Edgewood, MD USA. RP Jakubowski, EM (reprint author), EAI Corp, 1308 Continental Dr,Suite J, Abingdon, MD 21009 USA. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 10 IS 2 BP 143 EP 150 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 318EV UT WOS:000087271700005 ER PT J AU Platteborze, PL AF Platteborze, PL TI The effects of sulfur mustard on transcription in human epidermal keratinocytes: Analysis at early time points through DNA arrays SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE differential gene expression; DNA microarray; sulfur mustard ID HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SERINE-PROTEASE; HEPSIN; RECEPTOR; CLONING; CD44; GENE AB A common experimental approach designed to elucidate biochemical mechanisms of action of disease states and toxicological insults is to systematically identify the differentially expressed genes between a particular cell state and control. Currently, there are a range of commonly used molecular toxicology methods that permit global differential gene expression studies (e.g., messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) differential display; subtractive hybridization; suppression polymerase chain reaction; serial analysis of gene expression). However these studies usually are expensive and labor-intensive, and they often are difficult. The recent innovation and commercial availability of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) arrays can allow researchers to gather similar fundamental information by the methods mentioned above, but with considerably less cost, time, and difficulty. This study describes how DNA arrays were screened to generate an overview of the differential gene expression changes that occur within human epidermal keratinocytes after exposure to sulfur mustard (SM). Specifically, the gene expression pattern of healthy cells was compared directly to those exposed to vesicating concentrations of SM for 10 or 30 milt. These time courses were examined since the SM-mediated injury process is attributed to irreversible events that occur within minutes of exposure. Several genes were identified that exhibited significant transcriptional upregulation and could have key roles in the early SM injury. These include the serine protease hepsin, the transcription factor STAT6, and the integral membrane protein heparin, sulfate proteoglycan 2. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Platteborze, PL (reprint author), USAMRICD, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD APR-JUN PY 2000 VL 10 IS 2 BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1080/10517230050083384 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 318EV UT WOS:000087271700006 ER PT J AU Xiao, HY Matsubayashi, H Bonderman, DP Bonderman, PW Reid, T Miraglia, CC Gao, DY AF Xiao, HY Matsubayashi, H Bonderman, DP Bonderman, PW Reid, T Miraglia, CC Gao, DY TI Generation of annexinV-positive platelets and shedding of microparticles with stimulus-dependent procoagulant activity during storage of platelets at 4 degrees C SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; WHOLE-BLOOD; ACTIVATION; VESICULATION; THROMBIN; ANTIOXIDANTS; MECHANISMS; ASYMMETRY; GALLATE AB BACKGROUND: The ability of propyl gallate to activate platelet factor 3 has been determined through the activated partial thromboplastin time, but its effect on phosphatidylserine has not been established. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A novel platelet activator, propyl gallate, was introduced to a study of platelets stored at 4 degrees C. The effects of storage on platelet coagulation activity, on phosphatidylserine, and on the shedding of activated and activable membrane particles (microparticles) were examined by activated plasma clotting time, and the effect on annexin V binding was examined by gated flow cytometry. The ratios of annexin V binding and microparticle shedding in stored platelet samples were compared with those in fresh platelets stimulated with propyl gallate. RESULTS: Microparticle shedding by stored platelets compensated for the diminished procoagulant potential of intact platelets (shown as the total propyl gallate-dependent platelet factor 3 activity), which did not change during prolonged (20-day) storage, but levels of phosphatidylserine confined to microparticles increased dramatically as platelet counts fell. Both annexin V binding and microparticle shedding increased spontaneously with storage and artificially with propyl gallate stimulation. However, at the same level of annexin V binding, stored platelets shed more microparticles than did fresh platelets stimulated with propyl gallate. CONCLUSION: Propyl gallate induces platelet procoagulant activity and annexin V binding. Stored platelets differ from fresh platelets ina lower reactivity to propyl gallate activation and a higher rate of microparticle shedding. C1 Methodist Res Inst, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Methodist Hosp Indiana, Blood Bank, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Analyt Control Syst Inc, Fishers, IN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Ctr Biomed Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Methodist Res Inst, 1812 N Capitol Ave, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD APR PY 2000 VL 40 IS 4 BP 420 EP 427 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40040420.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 307FP UT WOS:000086643000007 PM 10773053 ER PT J AU Griffiss, JM Brandt, BL Saunders, NB Zollinger, W AF Griffiss, JM Brandt, BL Saunders, NB Zollinger, W TI Structural relationships and sialylation among meningococcal L1, L8, and L3,7 lipooligosaccharide serotypes SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDES; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE CORE OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CELL-SURFACE LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDES; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GROUP-B; GONOCOCCAL LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; EPITOPE EXPRESSION AB Eighteen of 34 endemic meningococcal case strains were of the L8 lipooligosaccharide (LOS) type; four of these were both L3 and L7 (L3,7), and seven were L1, L1 structures arose by alternative terminal Gal substitutions of lactosyl diheptoside L8 structures, as determined by electrospray ionization and other mass spectrometric techniques, and enzymatic and chemical degradations (Structures L1 and L1 alpha). [GRAPHICS] The more abundant molecule, designated L1, had a tri-hexose globosyl alpha chain; the less abundant one, designated L1a, had a beta-lactosyl alpha chain and a parallel alpha-lactosaminyl gamma chain. A p(k) globoside (Gal alpha 1-->4Gal beta 1--> 4 Glc-R) monoclonal antibody bound 9/10 L1 strains, but a P-1 globoside (Gal alpha 1-->4Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc-R) mAb bound none of them. alpha-Galactosidase caused loss of both L1 structures and creation of L8 structures; P-galactosidase caused loss of the L8 determinant. The L1/P-k glycose was partially sialylated. Some LOS also had unsubstituted basal beta-GlcNAc additions. These structural relationships explain co-expression of L8, L1, and L3,7 serotypes. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Immunochem, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Griffiss, JM (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 111W1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Zollinger, Wendell/B-2887-2011 NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 31 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 13 BP 9716 EP 9724 DI 10.1074/jbc.275.13.9716 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 299PF UT WOS:000086206500088 ER PT J AU Rao, M Alving, CR AF Rao, M Alving, CR TI Delivery of lipids and liposomal proteins to the cytoplasm and Golgi of antigen-presenting cells SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE liposomal lipids; liposomal proteins; liposomal antigens; vaccines ID PH-SENSITIVE LIPOSOMES; CLASS-I MOLECULES; SYNTHETIC LIPOPEPTIDE VACCINE; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; MHC CLASS-II; ENCAPSULATED ANTIGENS; EXOGENOUS ANTIGENS; SOLUBLE-PROTEINS; IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS; RESTRICTED PRESENTATION AB Liposomes have the well-known ability to channel protein and peptide antigens into the MHC class II pathway of phagocytic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and thereby enhance the induction of antibodies and antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses. Liposomes also serve as an efficient delivery system for entry of exogenous protein and peptide antigens into the MHC class I pathway and thus are very efficient inducers of cytotoxic T cell responses. Soluble antigens that are rendered particulate by encapsulation in liposomes are localized both in vacuoles and in the cytoplasm of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Utilizing fluorophore-labeled proteins encapsulated in liposomes we have addressed the question of how liposomal antigens enter the MHC class I pathway. After phagocytosis of the liposomes, the fluorescent liposomal protein and liposomal lipids enter the cytoplasm where they are processed by the proteasome complex. The processed Liposomal protein is then transported via the TAP complex into the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. Both the liposomal lipids and the liposomal proteins appear to follow the same intracellular route and they are processed as a protein-lipid unit. In the absence of a protein antigen (empty liposomes), there is no organelle-specific localization of the liposomal lipids. In contrast, when a protein is encapsulated in these liposomes, the distribution of the liposomal lipids is dramatically affected and the liposomal lipids localize to the trans-Golgi area. Localization of the protein in the trans-Golgi area requires liposomal lipids. Similarly, for the localization of liposomal lipids in the trans-Golgi area, there is an obligatory requirement for protein. Therefore, the intracellular trafficking patterns of Liposomal lipids and liposomal protein are reciprocally regulated. Presence of both liposomal lipids and liposomal protein in the trans-Golgi therefore facilitates the entry of Liposomal antigens into the MHC class I pathway. It is also possible that liposomal lipids are presented to T cells via the recently described CD1 pathway for lipid antigens. Because liposome-formulated vaccines have the potential to stimulate antibody as well as cellular immune responses to protein and lipid components, this approach could prove to be extremely useful in designing vaccine strategies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rao, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 87 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD MAR 30 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 2 BP 171 EP 188 DI 10.1016/S0169-409X(99)00064-2 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 294WJ UT WOS:000085933200005 PM 10699313 ER PT J AU Shah, PB AF Shah, PB TI 4H-silicon carbide modified-anode gate turnoff thyristor SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GTOS AB 4H-silicon carbide modified-anode gate turn-off thyristor Drift-diffusion model simulations of a pn-pn-pn type silicon carbide modified-anode gate turn-off (MA-GTO) thyristor structure indicate that the addition of thin n-p layers below the p-type anode region assists hole injection into the drift region of the thyristor. This allows current crowding to be avoided by increasing the dopant concentration of the n-type gated base layer without the consequence of a drastic increase in on-state voltage drop and holding current. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shah, PB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 30 PY 2000 VL 36 IS 7 BP 671 EP 672 DI 10.1049/el:20000525 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 305BR UT WOS:000086519400053 ER PT J AU Angelpoulos, AP Kim, YH Oblas, D Fossey, SA Matienzo, LJ AF Angelpoulos, AP Kim, YH Oblas, D Fossey, SA Matienzo, LJ TI Adsorption of a cationic polyacrylamide onto the surface of a Nafion iomomer membrane. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Mat Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. IBM Corp, Endicott, NY 13760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 173-COLL BP U528 EP U528 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246102867 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, S Giannelis, EP Hsieh, AJ AF Bandyopadhyay, S Giannelis, EP Hsieh, AJ TI Thermal and thermo-mechanical properties of PMMA nanocomposites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 75-PMSE BP U476 EP U476 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246202655 ER PT J AU Chae, HJ DeLisa, MP Cha, HJ Li, JC Weigand, WA Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE AF Chae, HJ DeLisa, MP Cha, HJ Li, JC Weigand, WA Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE TI On-line optimization and control of recombinant protein expression in high cell density Escherichia coli cultures using GFP-fusion monitoring. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 271-BIOT BP U213 EP U213 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100996 ER PT J AU Cholli, AL Liu, W Kumar, J Tripathy, S Samuelson, L AF Cholli, AL Liu, W Kumar, J Tripathy, S Samuelson, L TI NMR studies on the role of template in the enzymatic synthesis of conducting polyaniline. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Mat Sci Team, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 120-PMSE BP U483 EP U484 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246202700 ER PT J AU Clark, RE Famini, GR AF Clark, RE Famini, GR TI Computational parameters in correlation analysis: Normal boiling points. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Adventist Univ Philippines, Dept Chem, Manila, Philippines. USA, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Int Liason Off, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20100 USA. La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 40-COMP BP U594 EP U594 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246103206 ER PT J AU Davis, WM Costanza, J AF Davis, WM Costanza, J TI Rapid on-site determination of volatile organic compounds in groundwater and soil using direct push sampling/direct sampling ton-trap mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, CEWWS ES P, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USN, Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93044 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 237-ANYL BP U120 EP U120 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100550 ER PT J AU DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE AF DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE TI Escherichia coli bioreactors as multicellular organisms via quorum sensing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 36-BTEC BP U522 EP U522 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246202926 ER PT J AU Dugan, CL Labare, MP AF Dugan, CL Labare, MP TI Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed extract. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. EM x01306@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 559-CHED BP U379 EP U379 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246101950 ER PT J AU Gill, RT Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE Bentley, WE AF Gill, RT Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE Bentley, WE TI Analysis of differential stress gene transcription in response to recombinant protein over-expression and high cell density fermentation in Escherichia coli. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Edgewater, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 159-BIOT BP U185 EP U185 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100887 ER PT J AU Harden, CS McHugh, VM Shoff, DB Davis, DM Taylor, SJ Brittain, AM AF Harden, CS McHugh, VM Shoff, DB Davis, DM Taylor, SJ Brittain, AM TI Detection of highly toxic chemical vapors and the case for small, fast analytical instruments. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Graseby Dynam Ltd, Watford, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 224-ANYL BP U118 EP U118 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100539 ER PT J AU He, JA Bian, S Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Samuelson, LA AF He, JA Bian, S Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Samuelson, LA TI Electrostatically self-assembled polyelectrolyte/azo dye film and its photochemical behavior. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Mat Sci Team, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 178-COLL BP U529 EP U529 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246102872 ER PT J AU Hsu, FL Berg, FJ McMahon, LR Rossman, DI AF Hsu, FL Berg, FJ McMahon, LR Rossman, DI TI Synthesis of 5-substituted-amino-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dithiarsenanes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,TC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 575-ORGN BP U194 EP U194 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246201055 ER PT J AU Kilbourne, MJ AF Kilbourne, MJ TI Chemical detection: Field Ion Spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 765-CHED BP U408 EP U408 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246102156 ER PT J AU Kiserow, DJ AF Kiserow, DJ TI Vision and role of the army in polymer science and technology for the 21st century. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 11-MACR BP U543 EP U543 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246203032 ER PT J AU Konopelski, JP Hopkins, SA Banks, HD AF Konopelski, JP Hopkins, SA Banks, HD TI Conformational analysis of peptides containing enantiomerically pure alpha-methylasparagine: Correspondence between computed and solid-state structures. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 798-ORGN BP U230 EP U230 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246201277 ER PT J AU Mountz, D Tan, NB Storey, RF Mauritz, KA AF Mountz, D Tan, NB Storey, RF Mauritz, KA TI Physical properties and morphology of directly cast block copolymer ionomer composites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 170-POLY BP U380 EP U380 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246202121 ER PT J AU Ongl, KK Jenkins, AL Cheng, R Tomalia, DA Durst, HD Jensen, JL Swim, CR Yin, R AF Ongl, KK Jenkins, AL Cheng, R Tomalia, DA Durst, HD Jensen, JL Swim, CR Yin, R TI Dendrimer enhanced immunosensors for biological detection. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, SBCCOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, Mat Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 111-AGRO BP U80 EP U80 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100312 ER PT J AU Schommer, NJ Labare, M Riegner, D AF Schommer, NJ Labare, M Riegner, D TI Lead contamination of soil, sediment, water, and biota on a firing range. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 162-ENVR BP U643 EP U643 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246103496 ER PT J AU Schrank, AE Labare, MP AF Schrank, AE Labare, MP TI Sulfate release from 2-diisopropylaminoethylsulfonic acid, a derivative of the nerve agent VX, by taurine-utilizing bacteria. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 137-BIOL BP U147 EP U147 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246100691 ER PT J AU Stone, PR Clemmens, D Petrasek, J Hoke, BL LeClair, PT Prosser, JF Holley, JK AF Stone, PR Clemmens, D Petrasek, J Hoke, BL LeClair, PT Prosser, JF Holley, JK TI Enhanced bioremediation pilot study for chlorinated solvents in karst bedrock. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Baltimore, MD 21203 USA. USA, Environm Management Div, Baltimore, MD 21203 USA. Geophex Ltd, Environm Serv Div, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 219-IEC BP U756 EP U756 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246104063 ER PT J AU Tripathy, SK He, JA Yang, K Li, L Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Tripathy, SK He, JA Yang, K Li, L Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly toward photoactive materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 343-COLL BP U564 EP U565 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246103036 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Koper, OB Lucas, E Decker, S Klabunde, KJ AF Wagner, GW Koper, OB Lucas, E Decker, S Klabunde, KJ TI VX, GD, and HD reactions with nanosize CaO. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Nantek Inc, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 246-COLL BP U549 EP U549 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246102939 ER PT J AU Walsh, ME Collins, CM Bailey, RN AF Walsh, ME Collins, CM Bailey, RN TI Monitoring of remediation of a salt marsh contaminated with white phosphorus. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 63-IEC BP U732 EP U732 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246103912 ER PT J AU Walsh, MR Walsh, ME Collins, CM AF Walsh, MR Walsh, ME Collins, CM TI Remediation method for white phosphorus-contaminated wetlands. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Fairbanks, AK 99703 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 62-IEC BP U732 EP U732 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UV UT WOS:000087246103911 ER PT J AU Ziffer, H Ma, JY Mekonnena, B Weiss, E Katz, E Kyle, DF AF Ziffer, H Ma, JY Mekonnena, B Weiss, E Katz, E Kyle, DF TI Synthesis and antimalarial activities of base-catalyzed adducts of 11-azaartemisinin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Lab Neurotoxicol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Colgate Univ, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Parasitol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2000 VL 219 MA 143-MEDI BP U29 EP U29 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 317UW UT WOS:000087246200143 ER PT J AU Solomon, T Dung, NM Vaughn, DW Kneen, R Thao, LTT Raengsakulrach, B Loan, HT Day, NPJ Farrar, J Myint, KSA Warrell, MJ James, WS Nisalak, A White, NJ AF Solomon, T Dung, NM Vaughn, DW Kneen, R Thao, LTT Raengsakulrach, B Loan, HT Day, NPJ Farrar, J Myint, KSA Warrell, MJ James, WS Nisalak, A White, NJ TI Neurological manifestations of dengue infection SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; VIRUSES; FEVER; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN; TYPE-2; LIVER; PCR AB Background Severe forms of dengue, the most important arboviral infection of man, are associated with haemorrhagic disease and a generalised Vascular leak syndrome. The importance of dengue as a cause of neurological disease is uncertain. Methods During 1995, all patients with suspected CNS infections admitted to a referral hospital in southern Vietnam were investigated by culture, PCR, and antibody measurement in serum and CSF for dengue and other viruses. Findings Of 378 patients, 16 (4.2%) were infected with dengue viruses, compared with four (1.4%) of 286 hospital controls (odds ratio [95% CI] 3.1[1.7-5.8]). Five additional dengue positive patients with CNS abnormalities were studied subsequently. No other cause of CNS infection was identified. Seven infections were primary dengue, 13 secondary, and one was not classified. Ten patients had dengue viruses isolated or detected by PCR, and three had dengue antibody in the CSF. 12 of the 21 had no characteristic features of dengue on admission. The most frequent neurological manifestations were reduced consciousness and convulsions. Nine patients had encephalitis. No patient died, but six had neurological sequelae at discharge. Phylogenetic analysis of the four DEN-2 strains isolated mapped them with a DEN-2 strain isolated from a patient with dengue haemorhagic fever, and with other strains previously isolated in southern Vietnam. Interpretation In dengue endemic areas patients with encephalitis and encephalopathy should be investigated for this infection, whether or not they have other features of the disease. C1 Cho Quan Hosp, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Oxford, Sir William Dunn Sch Pathol, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med & Infect Dis, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. RP Solomon, T (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Walton Ctr Neurol & Neurosurg, Dept Neurol Sci, Lower Lane, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, England. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012; OI james, william/0000-0002-2506-1198 NR 39 TC 241 Z9 256 U1 1 U2 9 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 25 PY 2000 VL 355 IS 9209 BP 1053 EP 1059 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02036-5 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 302TB UT WOS:000086380800012 PM 10744091 ER PT J AU Le Roch, K Sestier, C Dorin, D Waters, N Kappes, B Chakrabarti, D Meijer, L Doerig, C AF Le Roch, K Sestier, C Dorin, D Waters, N Kappes, B Chakrabarti, D Meijer, L Doerig, C TI Activation of a Plasmodium falciparum cdc2-related kinase by heterologous p25 and cyclin H - Functional characterization of a P. falciparum cyclin homologue SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE; DEPENDENT KINASE-5; CELL-CYCLE; MECHANISMS; INHIBITORS; EXPRESSION; PHOSPHORYLATION; CLONING; CDK5; CAK AB Several Plasmodium falciparum genes encoding cdc2-related protein kinases have been identified, but the modalities of their regulation remains largely unexplored. Zn the present study, we investigated the regulation in vitro of PfPK5, a putative homologue of Cdk1 (cdc2) in P. falciparum. We show that (i) PfPK5 is efficiently activated by heterologous (human) cyclin H and p25, a cyclin-like molecule that specifically activates human Cdk5; (ii) the activated enzyme can be inhibited by chemical Cdk inhibitors; (iii) Pfmrk, a putative P. falciparum homologue of the Cdk-activating kinase, does neither activate nor phosphorylate PfPK5; and (iv) PfPK5 is able to autophosphorylate in the presence of a cyclin, Taken together, these results suggest that the regulation of Plasmodium Cdks may differ in important aspects from that of their human counterparts. Furthermore, we cloned an open reading frame encoding a novel P. falciparum protein possessing maximal homology to cyclin H from various organisms, and we show that this protein, called Pfcyc-1, is able to activate recombinant PfPK5 in vitro with an efficiency similar to that of human cyclin H and p25, This work opens the way to the development of screening procedures aimed at identifying compounds that specifically target the parasite Cdks. C1 INSERM, U511, F-75013 Paris, France. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Ctr Biochem, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Orlando, FL 32016 USA. CNRS, Stn Biol Roscoff, F-29682 Roscoff, France. RP Doerig, C (reprint author), INSERM, U511, 91 Bd Hop, F-75013 Paris, France. OI Doerig, Christian/0000-0002-3188-094X NR 34 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 24 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 12 BP 8952 EP 8958 DI 10.1074/jbc.275.12.8952 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 304WU UT WOS:000086507700093 PM 10722743 ER PT J AU McCullough, KJ Wood, JK Bhattacharjee, AK Dong, YX Kyle, DE Milhous, WK Vennerstrom, JL AF McCullough, KJ Wood, JK Bhattacharjee, AK Dong, YX Kyle, DE Milhous, WK Vennerstrom, JL TI Methyl-substituted dispiro-1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes: Correlations of structural studies with antimalarial activity SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ARTEMISININ QINGHAOSU; INVITRO; DECOMPOSITION; ARTEMETHER; PEROXIDES AB Two tetramethyl-substituted dispiro-1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes (7,8,15,16-tetraoxadispiro[5.2.5.2]hexadecanes) 3 and 4 were designed as metabolically stable analogues of the dimethyl-substituted dispiro-1,2,4,5-tetraoxane prototype WR 148999 (2), For a positive control we selected the sterically unhindered tetraoxane 5 (7,8,15,16-tetraoxadispiro[5.2.5.2]hexadecane) devoid of any substituents. Tetraoxanes 3 and 4 were completely inactive in contrast to tetraoxanes 2 and 5. We hypothesize that the two inactive tetraoxanes possess sufficient steric hindrance about the tetraoxane ring due to the two additional axial methyl groups to prevent their activation to presumed parasiticidal carbon radicals by inhibiting electron transfer from heme or other iron(II) species. For each of the tetraoxanes 2-4, the tetraoxane and both spirocyclohexyl rings are in a chair conformation and the bond lengths and angles are all quite normal except for the C1-C2 bond which is slightly lengthened. Comparison of the modeled and X-ray structures for tetraoxanes 2-5 reveals that molecular mechanics (MMX and MM3) and 3-21G* calculations each gave accurate structural parameters such as bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles. In contrast, semiempirical methods such as AM1 gave poor results. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Omaha, NE 68192 USA. Heriot Watt Univ, Dept Chem, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, 60th & Dodge St, Omaha, NE 68192 USA. NR 34 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD MAR 23 PY 2000 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1246 EP 1249 DI 10.1021/jm990530+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 296ZD UT WOS:000086055900023 PM 10737758 ER PT J AU Bunte, SW Sun, H AF Bunte, SW Sun, H TI Molecular modeling of energetic materials: The parameterization and validation of nitrate esters in the COMPASS force field SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MECHANICS MM3 CALCULATIONS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; DER-WAALS PARAMETERS; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; ETHYL NITRATE; SIMULATION; DERIVATION; DYNAMICS; POLYCARBONATES AB To investigate the mechanical and other condensed phase properties of energetic materials using atomistic simulation techniques, the COMPASS force field has been expanded to include high-energy nitro functional groups. In this paper, the parameterization and validation of COMPASS for nitrate esters (-ONO2) is presented. The functional forms of this force field are of the consistent force field type. The parameters were derived with an emphasis on the nonbonded parameters, which include a Lennard-Jones 9-6 function for the van der Waals (vdW) term and a Coulombic term for an electrostatic interaction. To validate the force field, molecular mechanics calculations and molecular dynamics simulations have been made on a variety of molecules containing the nitrate ester functionality. Excellent agreement has been obtained between the calculated and experimental values for molecular structures, vibrational frequencies, liquid densities, heats of vaporization, crystal structure, mechanical properties, and lattice energy using this force field. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bunte, SW (reprint author), Agouron Pharmaceut Inc, 3550 Gen Atom Court, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. NR 36 TC 188 Z9 206 U1 5 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 23 PY 2000 VL 104 IS 11 BP 2477 EP 2489 DI 10.1021/jp991786u PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 296KT UT WOS:000086024100007 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Burke, AP O'Malley, PG Farb, A Malcom, GT Smialek, J Virmani, R AF Taylor, AJ Burke, AP O'Malley, PG Farb, A Malcom, GT Smialek, J Virmani, R TI A comparison of the Framingham risk index, coronary artery calcification, and culprit plaque morphology in sudden cardiac death SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE death, sudden; risk factors; atherosclerosis; prognosis; calcification ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PREDICTIVE VALUE; UNSTABLE ANGINA; TASK-FORCE; MEN; CALCIUM AB Background-Neither clinical prediction models nor noninvasive imaging tests that detect coronary artery calcification identify all patients who experience acute coronary events. Variations in culprit plaque morphology may account for these inaccuracies. Methods and Results-We compared the 10-year Framingham risk index, histologic coronary calcification, and culprit plaque morphology in 79 consecutive adults with sudden cardiac death. There was a modest relationship between the Framingham risk index and the extent of histologic coronary calcification (r=0.35, P=0.002). Agreement in risk classification between the histologic calcification score and the Framingham risk index occurred in 50 of 79 cases (63.3%, P=0.039). Either a focus of coronary artery calcification greater than or equal to 40 mu mol/L (62% of cases) or a Framingham risk index score greater than or equal to average risk for age (62% of cases) were present in 66 of 79 (83.5%) cases. Cases with plaque erosion (n=22) had significantly less coronary calcification (P=0.003) and lower Framingham risk index (P=0.001) scores than stable (n=27) or ruptured (n=30) plaques. Fourteen of 22 (63.6%) cases of plaque erosion were classified as low risk by both the Framingham risk index and the histologic calcification score. Conclusions-The prediction of sudden cardiac death using the Framingham risk index and the measurement of coronary calcification are distinct methods of assessing risk for sudden cardiac death. Excessive reliance on either method alone will produce errors in risk classification, particularly for patients at risk of plaque erosion,but their combination may be complementary. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Virmani, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, 14th St & Alasaka Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL61799-01] NR 32 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 21 PY 2000 VL 101 IS 11 BP 1243 EP 1248 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 295HR UT WOS:000085961100008 PM 10725282 ER PT J AU Beyer, FL Gido, SP Buschl, C Iatrou, H Uhrig, D Mays, JW Chang, MY Garetz, BA Balsara, NP Tan, NB Hadjichristidis, N AF Beyer, FL Gido, SP Buschl, C Iatrou, H Uhrig, D Mays, JW Chang, MY Garetz, BA Balsara, NP Tan, NB Hadjichristidis, N TI Graft copolymers with regularly spaced, tetrafunctional branch points: Morphology and grain structure SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; ASYMMETRY AB An investigation of the morphological behavior of a series of graft copolymers having multiple regularly spaced, tetrafunctional branch points has been carried out. The behavior of these materials, comprised of polyisoprene backbones with two polystyrene arms grafted to the backbone at each branch point, is shown to be effectively modeled by considering the behavior of smaller, architectural subunits based on the local environment of each junction point (constituting block copolymer). Morphological behavior was characterized using TEM and SAXS. Well-ordered cylindrical and lamellar morphologies were observed. Several samples appear to form cylindrical domains in disordered arrangements. Samples predicted to form spheres form instead a microphase-separated "mesh" morphology. Lamellar grain size and shape were also investigated, and lamellar grain orientation correlation lengths were determined. These measurements show a decrease in grain size with increasing number of branch points per molecule. They also indicate that the grains formed are anisotropic in shape. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Chem, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Athens, Dept Chem, Athens 15771, Greece. RP Gido, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Uhrig, David/A-7458-2016 OI Uhrig, David/0000-0001-8447-6708 NR 24 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAR 21 PY 2000 VL 33 IS 6 BP 2039 EP 2048 DI 10.1021/ma991141s PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 297GF UT WOS:000086073300022 ER PT J AU Le, TP Coonan, KM Hedstrom, RC Charoenvit, Y Sedegah, M Epstein, JE Kumar, S Wang, RB Doolan, DL Maguire, JD Parker, SE Hobart, P Norman, J Hoffman, SL AF Le, TP Coonan, KM Hedstrom, RC Charoenvit, Y Sedegah, M Epstein, JE Kumar, S Wang, RB Doolan, DL Maguire, JD Parker, SE Hobart, P Norman, J Hoffman, SL TI Safety, tolerability and humoral immune responses after intramuscular administration of a malaria DNA vaccine to healthy adult volunteers SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; malaria; clinical trial ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; CELL-WALL SKELETON; PLASMID DNA; ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; CLINICAL-TRIALS; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION AB DNA-based vaccines are considered to be potentially revolutionary due to their ease of production, low cost, long shelf life, lack of requirement for a cold chain and ability to induce good T-cell responses. Twenty healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in a Phase I safety and tolerability clinical study of a DNA vaccine encoding a malaria antigen. Volunteers received 3 intramuscular injections of one of four different dosages (20, 100, 500 and 2500 mu g) of the Plasmoditum falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) plasmid DNA at monthly intervals and were followed for up to twelve months. Local reactogenicity and systemic symptoms were few and mild. There were no severe or serious adverse events, clinically significant biochemical or hematologic changes, or detectable anti-dsDNA antibodies. Despite induction of excellent CTL responses, intramuscular DNA vaccination via needle injection failed to induce detectable antigen-specific antibodies in any of the volunteers. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Vical Inc, San Diego, CA USA. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 36 TC 167 Z9 174 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 17 PY 2000 VL 18 IS 18 BP 1893 EP 1901 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00407-7 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 294EQ UT WOS:000085898700003 PM 10699338 ER PT J AU Bowles, SV James, LC Solursh, DS Yancey, MK Epperly, TD Folen, RA Masone, M AF Bowles, SV James, LC Solursh, DS Yancey, MK Epperly, TD Folen, RA Masone, M TI Acute and post-traumatic stress disorder after spontaneous abortion SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOLOGICAL SEQUELAE; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; BREAST-CANCER; MISCARRIAGE; WOMEN; TERMINATION; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; FOLLOW AB When a spontaneous abortion is followed by complicated bereavement, the primary care physician may not consider the diagnosis of acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. The major difference between these two conditions is that, in acute stress disorder, symptoms such as dissociation, reliving the trauma, avoiding stimuli associated with the trauma and increased arousal are present for at least two days but not longer than four weeks. When the symptoms persist beyond four weeks, the patient may have post-traumatic stress disorder. The symptoms of distress response after spontaneous abortion include psychologic, physical, cognitive and behavioral effects; however, patients with distress response after spontaneous abortion often do not meet the criteria for acute or post-traumatic: stress disorder. After spontaneous abortion, as many as 10 percent of women may have acute stress disorder and up to 1 percent may have post-traumatic stress disorder. Critical incident stress debriefing, which may be administered by trained family physicians or mental health practitioners, may help patients who are having a stress disorder after a spontaneous abortion. C1 USA, Soldier Support Inst, RRS, Ft Jackson, SC 29205 USA. RP Bowles, SV (reprint author), USA, Soldier Support Inst, RRS, 10000 Hampton Pkwy, Ft Jackson, SC 29205 USA. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 10 U2 16 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1689 EP 1696 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 299JY UT WOS:000086196400010 PM 10750876 ER PT J AU Anderson, D Benjamin, H Brobst, D Schlager, J AF Anderson, D Benjamin, H Brobst, D Schlager, J TI Rat lung gene transcript induction following sulfur mustard inhalation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A172 EP A172 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100993 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Nelson, LD Pearce, FJ AF Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Nelson, LD Pearce, FJ TI Evaluation of expired nitric oxide (eNO) as a measure of hemorrhagic status in rat SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A691 EP A691 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103999 ER PT J AU Baker-Fulco, CJ Tharion, WJ Champagne, CM Allen, HR AF Baker-Fulco, CJ Tharion, WJ Champagne, CM Allen, HR TI Dietary adequacy of two remote-site feeding systems. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A758 EP A758 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918104386 ER PT J AU Blaha, MD Kohl, JC DuBose, DA Walker, JE AF Blaha, MD Kohl, JC DuBose, DA Walker, JE TI Effects of CEES on cytostructure and epidermal release of interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 beta SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A174 EP A174 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101006 ER PT J AU Bowden, RA Entman, ML Smith, CW Burns, AR AF Bowden, RA Entman, ML Smith, CW Burns, AR TI Neutrophil transendothelial migration on cultured mouse endothelial cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A704 EP A704 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918104076 ER PT J AU Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Zhao, B Pabalan, J Dinh, NB Ray, J Dubick, MA Goodwin, CW AF Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Zhao, B Pabalan, J Dinh, NB Ray, J Dubick, MA Goodwin, CW TI Gene expression profiling of the acute response of the rat to hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A691 EP A691 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103996 ER PT J AU Buxton, TB Travis, MT O'Shea, KJ McPherson, JC Brewer, PD Harvey, SB Plowman, KM AF Buxton, TB Travis, MT O'Shea, KJ McPherson, JC Brewer, PD Harvey, SB Plowman, KM TI Bone trauma and S-aureus contamination: Lavage and osteomyelitis. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A715 EP A715 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918104138 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA Beck, D Goodwin, CW AF Cassidy, RA Beck, D Goodwin, CW TI Concentration-dependent effects of estrogenic compounds' on nitrite/nitrate levels and cell membrane damage in isolated rat hepatocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A192 EP A192 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101114 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT AF Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin clearance in 10 and 20 week-old SHR and WKY male rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A56 EP A56 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100325 ER PT J AU Condlin, M Jenner, J Marchitelli, L Karge, W AF Condlin, M Jenner, J Marchitelli, L Karge, W TI Quantification of IL-6 mRNA isolated from whole blood SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A358 EP A358 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918102072 ER PT J AU DeBus, S Hoffman, B Chang, FCT AF DeBus, S Hoffman, B Chang, FCT TI Scopolamine antagonizes the lethal effects of O-isobutyl S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A548 EP A548 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103174 ER PT J AU Dinh, HB Schuschereba, ST Stavchansky, S Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Dinh, HB Schuschereba, ST Stavchansky, S Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Pretreatment of retinal pigment epithelial cells with prostaglandin A(1) ameliorates thermal injury. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A174 EP A174 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101010 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Pabalan, JG Biswal, S Jordan, BS Kehrer, JP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Dubick, MA Pabalan, JG Biswal, S Jordan, BS Kehrer, JP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Gene expression profiling of the response of human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) to Douglas fir smoke SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A172 EP A172 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100996 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Matthew, CB Morehouse, DH Sils, IV AF DuBose, DA Matthew, CB Morehouse, DH Sils, IV TI Hyperthermic effects on reticuloendothelial system (RES) particulate uptake (PU). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A320 EP A320 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101850 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ Matthew, CB AF Durkot, MJ Matthew, CB TI Simultaneous determination of fluid compartment shifts following volume replacement with 7.5% sodium chloride in 6% dextran 70 (HSD) in hypohydrated swine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A87 EP A87 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100497 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Matthews, A Kambis, KW Braun, B Butterfield, G Lewis, SF Moore, LG Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Matthews, A Kambis, KW Braun, B Butterfield, G Lewis, SF Moore, LG Cymerman, A TI Orthostatic tolerance during alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor blockade at high altitude. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. VA Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A80 EP A80 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100461 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, RR Blanchard, LA AF Gonzalez, RR Blanchard, LA TI Cardiovascular and respiratory changes during cold transients and exercise: Effect of the menstrual cycle SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A611 EP A611 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103536 ER PT J AU Hoyt, RW Buller, MJ Hamlet, MP Matthew, WT Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP AF Hoyt, RW Buller, MJ Hamlet, MP Matthew, WT Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP TI Thermal stress indices in US marine corp infantrymen during a cold weather field exercise (FEX). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Stable Isotope Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A612 EP A612 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103539 ER PT J AU Kanjilal, PP Gonzalez, RR Shroff, SG AF Kanjilal, PP Gonzalez, RR Shroff, SG TI Analysis of the pattern attribute for characterizing blood pressure variability. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A442 EP A442 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918102561 ER PT J AU Kolka, MA Mair, BS Boulant, CG Staab, J Kesick, C Robinson, SB Stephenson, LA AF Kolka, MA Mair, BS Boulant, CG Staab, J Kesick, C Robinson, SB Stephenson, LA TI Effect of smoking on peripheral vessels in healthy, exercise-trained, heat-acclimated humans. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A669 EP A669 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103873 ER PT J AU Lewis, SF Almazeedi, S Bonato, P Soares, R Lammi, E Roy, SH Fulco, CS AF Lewis, SF Almazeedi, S Bonato, P Soares, R Lammi, E Roy, SH Fulco, CS TI Slower recovery of myoelectric activity and force after lower intensity exhaustive dynamic exercise SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Neuromuscular Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A282 EP A282 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101628 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Sils, IV AF Matthew, CB Sils, IV TI Simultaneous induction of finely-controlled hypothermia in multiple rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A611 EP A611 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103534 ER PT J AU McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR AF McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR TI Use of nutritional supplements by US Army Rangers. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A742 EP A742 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918104294 ER PT J AU Pabalan, JG Kehrer, JP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Pabalan, JG Kehrer, JP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Gene expression profiling of the response of human keratinocytes to all trans retinoic acid (ATRA). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Div Pharmacol & Toxicol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A329 EP A329 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101903 ER PT J AU Rhind, SG Shek, PN Brenner, IK Castellani, JW Montain, SJ Young, AJ Shephard, RJ AF Rhind, SG Shek, PN Brenner, IK Castellani, JW Montain, SJ Young, AJ Shephard, RJ TI Intracellular and serum cytokine profiles after 8 days of exhaustive exercise and cold exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Def & Civil Inst Environm Med, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A618 EP A618 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103576 ER PT J AU Schlager, JJ Ali, K Benjamin, HR Levine, CF Avery, DP Clark, JH AF Schlager, JJ Ali, K Benjamin, HR Levine, CF Avery, DP Clark, JH TI Human keratinocyte inflammatory transcriptional gene activity following sulfur mustard. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Br, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A174 EP A174 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101009 ER PT J AU Sils, IV Matthew, CB Bastille, AM AF Sils, IV Matthew, CB Bastille, AM TI Hormonally controlled responses to a hot environment in unacclimated female rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A319 EP A319 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101842 ER PT J AU Skvorak, JP Czerwinski, SE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE AF Skvorak, JP Czerwinski, SE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE TI Relationship between octanol : water partition coefficients and biodistribution and percutaneous absorption of organophosphorus (OP) compounds SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A167 EP A167 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100965 ER PT J AU Smith, SA Montain, SJ Mattot, R Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Fielding, RA AF Smith, SA Montain, SJ Mattot, R Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Fielding, RA TI Creatine supplementation influences muscle PCr resynthesis rate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A325 EP A325 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918101879 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LA Robinson, SB Kolka, MA AF Stephenson, LA Robinson, SB Kolka, MA TI Topical nitroglycerin ointment (2%) applied to forearmskin increases forearm skin blood flow. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A670 EP A670 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103877 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP Baker-Fulco, CJ Hoyt, RW AF Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP Baker-Fulco, CJ Hoyt, RW TI Effectiveness of two field feeding systems in meeting energy needs of military construction workers. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A758 EP A758 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918104385 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM AF Uyehara, CFT Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM TI Altered renal vasopressin (VP) V2 action precedes hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A55 EP A55 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100318 ER PT J AU Ward, JA Dubick, MA Lisagor, P Lawlor, DF Cancelada, D Obney, J Alexander, SL Ham, CY Goodwin, CW Cohen, D AF Ward, JA Dubick, MA Lisagor, P Lawlor, DF Cancelada, D Obney, J Alexander, SL Ham, CY Goodwin, CW Cohen, D TI Blood gas meaurements in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A690 EP A690 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918103995 ER PT J AU Ye, D Uyehara, CFT AF Ye, D Uyehara, CFT TI Gender difference in vasopressin (VP) renal V2 action in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A55 EP A55 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918100315 ER PT J AU Zhao, B Bowden, RA Merrill, G Stavchansky, SA Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Zhao, B Bowden, RA Merrill, G Stavchansky, SA Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Gene expression profiling of the response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP A413 EP A413 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 294NV UT WOS:000085918102391 ER PT J AU Alabata, PC Holck, DE Knowles, JR Scribbick, FW AF Alabata, PC Holck, DE Knowles, JR Scribbick, FW TI Comparison analysis of skin incisions produced by four different surgical instruments. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 628B3 BP S123 EP S123 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246700627 ER PT J AU Brown, BA Parker, CT Bower, KS AF Brown, BA Parker, CT Bower, KS TI Effective steroid sparing treatment for peripheral ulcerative keratitis and pyoderma gangrenosum. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 756B131 BP S147 EP S147 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246700755 ER PT J AU Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE AF Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE TI Laser induced macluar holes: structural insights through optical coherence tomography (OCT) and histopathologic evaluation. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 905B280 BP S174 EP S174 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246700904 ER PT J AU Chacko, B Croley, J Taboada, J AF Chacko, B Croley, J Taboada, J TI Quantitative measurement of the forces necessary to fold alcon Acrysof (R) intraocular lenses (IOL). SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 3132B230 BP S589 EP S589 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246703202 ER PT J AU Croley, J Dirks, M Doyle, D Campagna, J AF Croley, J Dirks, M Doyle, D Campagna, J TI The cost to medically manage glaucoma patients in a military medical center. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 2541B787 BP S478 EP S478 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246702538 ER PT J AU Dillon, HD Holck, DEE Ng, JD Scribbick, FW Gayre, GS Dutton, JJ Foster, JA Johnson, DC DeBacker, CM Lane, RG AF Dillon, HD Holck, DEE Ng, JD Scribbick, FW Gayre, GS Dutton, JJ Foster, JA Johnson, DC DeBacker, CM Lane, RG TI Histopathological correlation between fibro-fatty infiltrate and levator fuction in fair-function ptosis. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. Duke Univ, Hosp Eye, Durham, NC USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Ophthalmol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 632B7 BP S124 EP S124 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246700631 ER PT J AU Dinh, HB Stavchansky, S Schuschereba, ST Stuck, B Bowman, PD AF Dinh, HB Stavchansky, S Schuschereba, ST Stuck, B Bowman, PD TI Gene expression profiling of the cytoprotective effects of Prostaglandin A(1) on human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Med res Detachment, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 3253B351 BP S613 EP S613 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246703323 ER PT J AU Dirks, M DuBiner, H Cooke, D Stewart, W Drain, C Felix, C VanDenburgh, A AF Dirks, M DuBiner, H Cooke, D Stewart, W Drain, C Felix, C VanDenburgh, A TI Efficacy and safety of the ocular hypotensive lipid (TM) AGN 192024 in patients with elevated IOP: A 30-day comparison with latanoprost SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Clayton Eye Ctr, Morrow, GA USA. Great Lakes Eye Care, St Joseph, MI USA. Pharmaceut Res Corp, Charleston, SC USA. Allergan, Irvine, CA USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 2737B983 BP S514 EP S514 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246702734 ER PT J AU Elliott, WR Zwick, H Lund, DJ Ness, J Biggerstaff, S Stuck, BE AF Elliott, WR Zwick, H Lund, DJ Ness, J Biggerstaff, S Stuck, BE TI A behavior technique tor simultaneous visual function testing and SLO retinal imaging in alert, task oriented rhesus monkeys: The effects of foveal laser exposure on visual function and oculomotor behavior. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Hlth Res Command Det, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 4994B941 BP S939 EP S939 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246705061 ER PT J AU Knowles, JR Scribbick, FW Lloyd, WC AF Knowles, JR Scribbick, FW Lloyd, WC TI Pathogenesis of Bowman's layer disruptions in keratoconus. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 672B47 BP S131 EP S131 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246700671 ER PT J AU Nagineni, CN Pardhasaradhi, K Detrick, D Hook, JJ AF Nagineni, CN Pardhasaradhi, K Detrick, D Hook, JJ TI Expression of angiogenic regulators, angiogenin, VEGF and PEDF by human retinal pigment epithelial cells. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NEI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 4454B401 BP S838 EP S838 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246704523 ER PT J AU Ness, JW Zwick, H Lund, BJ Brown, J Stuck, BE AF Ness, JW Zwick, H Lund, BJ Brown, J Stuck, BE TI Fixational eye-movement patterns reflect macular pathology induced by accidental laser exposure. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Det Walter Army Inst Res, BAFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 4323B270 BP S814 EP S814 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246704392 ER PT J AU Pham, NH Fechter, HP Mines, M Hollifield, RD Ward, TP Thatch, AB AF Pham, NH Fechter, HP Mines, M Hollifield, RD Ward, TP Thatch, AB TI The efficacy of cyanoacrylate glue in closing stellate scleral lacerations. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 1842B88 BP S350 EP S350 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246701841 ER PT J AU Rabin, JC AF Rabin, JC TI Chromatic processing in eye disease. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. Winn Army Community Hosp, Ft Stewart, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 4298B245 BP S810 EP S810 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246704367 ER PT J AU Robbins, DO Zwick, H Stuck, BE AF Robbins, DO Zwick, H Stuck, BE TI Laser induced morphology in the primate retina and associated changes in visual functioning. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ohio Wesleyan Univ, Dept Psychol, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. USAMRD, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 1830B76 BP S348 EP S348 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246701829 ER PT J AU Schuschereba, ST Brown, J Clarkson, DR Stuck, BE Marshall, J AF Schuschereba, ST Brown, J Clarkson, DR Stuck, BE Marshall, J TI Negative effects of high dose and multi day methylprednisolone therapy on wound healing alter laser-induced retinal injury. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 St Thomas Hosp, Rayne Inst, London SE1 7EH, England. USA, Med Res Detachment, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 4158B105 BP S784 EP S784 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246704227 ER PT J AU Van de Pol, C Schallhorn, SC Brown, MC Tanzer, DJ Kaupp, SE Lattimore, MR AF Van de Pol, C Schallhorn, SC Brown, MC Tanzer, DJ Kaupp, SE Lattimore, MR TI Effect of altitude on anterior and posterior corneal curvature: LASIK, PRK, and RK compared. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Alrcrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL USA. USN, Med Ctr, Refract Surg Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 3649B747 BP S686 EP S686 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246703718 ER PT J AU Wong, WK Scribbick, F AF Wong, WK Scribbick, F TI Ocular trauma from high-pressure water cannon toys: An experimental study. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, SAUSHEC Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 1613B988 BP S305 EP S305 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246701612 ER PT J AU Zwick, H Elliot, WR Li, G Stuck, BE AF Zwick, H Elliot, WR Li, G Stuck, BE TI Long term changes in photoreceptor reorganization within and external to in vivo imaged photoreceptor sites. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAMRD, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USN, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 41 IS 4 SU S MA 3167B265 BP S596 EP S596 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 300HF UT WOS:000086246703236 ER PT J AU Perovich, DK Richter-Menge, JA AF Perovich, DK Richter-Menge, JA TI Ice growth and solar heating in springtime leads SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID YOUNG SEA-ICE; FROST FLOWER GROWTH; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GREASE ICE; SURFACE; POLYNYAS; EXCHANGE AB The large thermal contrast between the cold atmosphere and the relatively warm ocean in springtime leads results in rapid ice growth and large fluxes of heat from the ocean to the atmosphere and of salt from the ice to the ocean, However, the magnitude of the ice growth and of the fluxes is moderated by solar radiation absorbed in the ice and upper ocean, During the Arctic lead experiment (LeadEx) we monitored ice conditions at four springtime leads during the first few days of growth. The experiment took place in March-April 1992 in the Beaufort Sea (73 degrees N, 146 degrees W). Two of the leads were <200 m in width, one was approximately a kilometer wide, and the fourth was quite large, more than a few kilometers wide. Ice thickness typically increased rapidly, with 15-20 cm of growth in the first few days. The crystallographic analysis of a series of ice cores taken across and along the edge of one of the smaller leads indicated that granular ice was more abundant along the edges (30%) of the lead than in the central part of the lead (10%). Observations suggest that thermodynamics processes dominated ice growth in these leads. Additional thickening of the ice at the edge of the leads was common because of rafting of the young ice and the accumulation of blowing snow. Ice temperature profiles exhibited a diurnal cycle induced by solar radiation, with daily oscillations of roughly 5 degrees C observed in the interior of the lead ice. Theoretical simulations for one lead indicated that during the first few days of ice growth, 30% of the incident solar irradiance was absorbed in the ice and 25% was absorbed in the upper ocean. The total amount of solar energy absorbed in the ice during this period was roughly equivalent to 4 cm of ice growth. The solar heating in ice and water is roughly comparable in magnitude to the net longwave and is approximately two thirds of the turbulent fluxes. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Perovich, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 105 IS C3 BP 6541 EP 6548 DI 10.1029/1999JC900321 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 293YG UT WOS:000085882400017 ER PT J AU Cioch, FA Brabbs, JM Sieh, L AF Cioch, FA Brabbs, JM Sieh, L TI The impact of software architecture reuse on development processes and standards SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE reuse; legacy systems; evolvability; user-centered analysis; tool assessment; technology transfer; work flow modeling; use cases ID CUSTOMER; WORK AB We have developed an architecture for distributed simulations with reuse in mind from the start. During the past six years, two teams on five projects at US Army Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) have used it. We found that in order to reuse the architecture, it was not only necessary to design it for reuse but also to develop and provide associated development processes and standards for reuse. Not only its functionality for the task to be performed, but also its resultant impact on the software development process determine acceptance of an architecture for reuse. Software reuse is similar to both software tool assessment/technology transfer and requirements analysis ill that in all three cases one needs to assess not only product functionality but also its resultant impact on the way that the users of the product work. The DoD is now mandating the use of the High Level Architecture Standard (HLA) for distributed military simulations. Because of our experience in architecture reuse, we realize that HLA adoption will impact not only our product, but also the way we work. In addition to examining HLA functionality, we are assessing HLA's impact on our existing development processes and standards. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oakland Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Vetron Technol Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Oakland Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. EM cioch@oakland.edu NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0164-1212 EI 1873-1228 J9 J SYST SOFTWARE JI J. Syst. Softw. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 50 IS 3 BP 221 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0164-1212(99)00099-0 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 294WC UT WOS:000085932500005 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Hot shots: An oral history of combat pilots of the Korean War. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 125 IS 5 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 291XK UT WOS:000085764800107 ER PT J AU Waters, NC Woodard, CL Prigge, ST AF Waters, NC Woodard, CL Prigge, ST TI Cyclin H activation and drug susceptibility of the Pfmrk cyclin dependent protein kinase from Plasmodium falciparum SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pfmrk; cyclin dependent protein kinase; cyclin H; olomoucine; Plasmodium falciparum; drug discovery; molecular model ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TFIIH; CELL-CYCLE; CDC2-RELATED KINASE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; PHOSPHORYLATION; GENE; CDC2; INHIBITORS; COMPLEX; LOCALIZATION AB The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a group of highly conserved cyclin dependent protein kinases (CDKs). Several CDKs have been identified in Plasmodium falciparum, however, their regulatory mechanisms as well as their role in parasite growth and differentiation are not understood fully. To further our understanding of Plasmodium, CDK regulation, we have characterized Pfmrk kinase activity. Pfmrk was expressed and purified as a 6xHis tagged recombinant protein from Escherichia coli and assayed for histone H1 kinase activity. Pfmrk has significant histone H1 kinase activity and is autophosphorylated in vitro. Human cyclin H forms a stable complex with Pfmrk and stimulates kinase activity. This is the first indication that Plasmodial CDKs are partially regulated by cyclin subunits, as are human CDKs. CDKs are attractive drug targets due to their role in cellular proliferation. Specific CDK inhibitors were selected to evaluate Pfmrk as a potential drug target. Olomoucine and roscovitine failed to inhibit Pfmrk kinase activity which places Pfmrk with a class of CDKs that are insensitive to these compounds. A molecular model of Pfmrk provides a structural explanation for the failure of these compounds to inhibit Pfmrk. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 43 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 107 IS 1 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(99)00229-7 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 299FN UT WOS:000086186300003 PM 10717301 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Scherer, A Dial, O Prather, DW Gao, X AF Mait, JN Scherer, A Dial, O Prather, DW Gao, X TI Diffractive lens fabricated with binary features less than 60 nm SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-ELEMENT; 975 NM; SUBWAVELENGTH; GRATINGS AB We designed, fabricated, and characterized a binary diffractive lens with features less than 60 nm. The lens was designed for operation in the red portion of the spectrum. Experimental measurements of lens performance agree with predictions generated by rigorous models of diffraction. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 050.1970, 220.3630, 220.4000, 220.3740, 050.1960. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE E, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. CALTECH, Dept Elect Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 25 IS 6 BP 381 EP 383 DI 10.1364/OL.25.000381 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 293HR UT WOS:000085846500007 PM 18059886 ER PT J AU Dhar, NK Goldsman, N Wood, CEC AF Dhar, NK Goldsman, N Wood, CEC TI Tellurium desorption kinetics from (112) Si: Si-Te binding energy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Transition-state theory was employed to model the tellurium adsorption characteristics and to evaluate Te-Si binding energy on a (112) Si surface. Isothermal desorption measurements of tellurium adsorbate-yielded rate parameters for the thermodynamic activation energies of adsorption and desorption. Quantitative surface analyses were made by auger electron spectroscopy and by temperature-programmed desorption mass spectrometry. The experimental rate constants for adsorption and desorption of tellurium from Si surfaces were used in the surface adsorption model. Our analyses suggested a second-order Te desorption mechanism and, upon chemisorption, the Te-Si surface binding energy calculation yielded a value of 3.46+/-0.1 eV. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Dhar, NK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 12 BP 8256 EP 8261 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8256 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 299MV UT WOS:000086203100056 ER PT J AU Danielson, KT Hao, S Liu, WK Uras, RA Li, SF AF Danielson, KT Hao, S Liu, WK Uras, RA Li, SF TI Parallel computation of meshless methods for explicit dynamic analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE parallel computing; meshless methods; reproducing kernel particle methods; large deformation; inelasticity; explicit dynamics ID KERNEL PARTICLE METHODS AB A parallel computational implementation of modern meshless methods is presented for explicit dynamic analysis. The procedures are demonstrated by application of the Reproducing Kernel Particle Method (RKPM). Aspects of a coarse grain parallel paradigm are detailed for a Lagrangian formulation using model partitioning. Integration points are uniquely defined on separate processors and particle definitions are duplicated, as necessary, so that all support particles for each point are defined locally on the corresponding processor. Several partitioning schemes are considered and a reduced graph-based procedure is presented. Partitioning issues are discussed and procedures to accommodate essential boundary conditions in parallel are presented. Explicit MPI message passing statements are used for all communications among partitions on different processors. The effectiveness of the procedure is demonstrated by highly deformable inelastic example problems. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Danielson, KT (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,CEERD-SD-R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RI Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009; Li, Shaofan/G-8082-2011 OI Li, Shaofan/0000-0002-6950-1474 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD MAR 10 PY 2000 VL 47 IS 7 BP 1323 EP 1341 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(20000310)47:7<1323::AID-NME827>3.3.CO;2-S PG 19 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 286PK UT WOS:000085454200005 ER PT J AU Oliver, MA Webster, R Slocum, K AF Oliver, MA Webster, R Slocum, K TI Filtering SPOT imagery by kriging analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FACTORIAL AB Digital images are rich in data, but in many instances they are so complex as to require spatial filtering to distinguish the structures in them and facilitate interpretion. The filtering can be done geostatistically by kriging analysis. It proceeds in two stages. The first involves modelling the correlation structure in the imagery by decomposing the variogram into independent spatial components. The second takes each component in turn and kriges it, thereby filtering it from the others. The paper describes the theory and illustrates it with an example of an analysis of a SPOT image in a forested landscape of the south-eastern United States. Variograms of the three wavebands, originally recorded as digital numbers and for the red and infrared transformed to the logarithms, revealed spatial variation on two distinct scales with effective ranges of 300m and 3 km. These variograms and that of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were fitted by nested (double) exponential models. The two spatial components in the scene were then estimated separately by kriging analysis and mapped. The maps of NDVI are displayed and compared with data from ground survey. The short-range component represents an intricate pattern of dissection and its associated vegetation. The long-range component is that of the major landform units and associated ground cover classes. C1 Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, Reading RG6 6DW, Berks, England. Rothamsted Expt Stn, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. US Topopog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Oliver, MA (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, London Rd, Reading RG6 6DW, Berks, England. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 10 PY 2000 VL 21 IS 4 BP 735 EP 752 DI 10.1080/014311600210542 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 285LH UT WOS:000085390200009 ER PT J AU Smith, TA AF Smith, TA TI Finite difference analysis of rotationally symmetric shells using variable node point spacings SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; MESHES AB The system of equations for the analysis of rotationally symmetric shells under time-dependent or static surface loadings has been formulated with the transverse, meridional, and circumferential displacements as the dependent variables. All loading functions must be continuous. The thickness h of the shell may vary along the meridian. Four of the eight natural boundary conditions will be prescribed as time-dependent boundary conditions at each boundary edge of the shell. Surface loadings and inertia fords in the three displacement directions of the shell have been considered. Fourier series are used in the circumferential direction of the shell. Solutions for each Fourier component are found by replacing all derivatives by their finite difference equivalents and solving the resulting system of algebraic equations at successive increments of the time variable. The complete system of equations is solved implicitly for the first time increment, while explicit relations are used to determine the three primary displacements within the boundary edges of the shell for the second and succeeding time increments. The remaining unspecified primary variables are then determined by separate implicit solutions at each boundary for the second and succeeding time increments. Subsequently, all remaining primary and secondary variables are found explicitly. A variable node point spacing may be specified over the full range of the spatial finite difference mesh. A numerical stability criterion which will ensure stable solutions for selected time increments and spatial meshes has been derived and found to agree with results for typical example solutions. Numerical solutions obtained with the computer program which accompanies this development have been found to be stable and in agreement for a wide range of practical values of both spatial and time increments for typical shells and loadings. Static and dynamic solutions for a parabolic shell with fixed boundary conditions at one edge and free boundary conditions at the other edge have been obtained using both constant and variable node point spacings and presented as examples. (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Smith, TA (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD MAR 9 PY 2000 VL 230 IS 5 BP 1119 EP 1145 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1999.2670 PG 27 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 294MM UT WOS:000085915100008 ER PT J AU Wraback, M Shen, H AF Wraback, M Shen, H TI A femtosecond, polarization-sensitive optically addressed modulator based on virtual exciton effects in an anisotropically strained multiple quantum well SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTION MODULATOR; UNIAXIAL STRAIN; GAAS; NONLINEARITIES; ROTATION AB High contrast and femtosecond speed have been achieved in an optically addressed anisotropically strained multiple quantum well modulator by exploiting polarization-sensitive optical nonlinearities associated with the interaction of resonantly excited excitons with a population of nonresonantly created excitons that adiabatically follows the temporal intensity profile of the excitation pulse. The resultant modulation is characterized by a contrast ratio of 380:1, corresponding to a dynamic polarization rotation of 18 degrees, and a pulse-width-limited full width at half maximum of 165 fs. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)00210-2]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wraback, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 6 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 10 BP 1288 EP 1290 DI 10.1063/1.126011 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 288JZ UT WOS:000085560800024 ER PT J AU Oskam, G Searson, PC Cole, MW AF Oskam, G Searson, PC Cole, MW TI Fabrication of n-type 4H-SiC/Ni junctions using electrochemical deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; CONTACTS; SEMICONDUCTOR; NICKEL; FILM; GOLD AB We report on the electrochemical deposition of nickel films on n-type 4H-SiC. High quality nickel films were prepared by a double potential pulse method. The as-deposited n-SiC/Ni junctions were rectifying with a barrier height of about 1.8 eV. The contact was converted to an ohmic junction by annealing at 950 degrees C in a 10% H-2/N-2 atmosphere. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)03910-3]. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Oskam, G (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Searson, Peter /A-3311-2010; Oskam, Gerko/D-1768-2013; OI Searson, Peter/0000-0002-5417-0828 NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 6 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 10 BP 1300 EP 1302 DI 10.1063/1.126015 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 288JZ UT WOS:000085560800028 ER PT J AU Kijek, TM Rossi, CA Moss, D Parker, RW Henchal, EA AF Kijek, TM Rossi, CA Moss, D Parker, RW Henchal, EA TI Rapid and sensitive immunomagnetic-electrochemiluminescent detection of staphyloccocal enterotoxin B SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE electrochemiluminescent assay; ORIGEN; staphyloccocal enterotoxin B ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN; FOODS; ANTIBODIES; AUREUS; ELISA; TOXIN AB Sensitive, rapid and reproducible detection of staphyloccocal enterotoxin B (SEB) in a range of different biological matrices was achieved using the ORIGEN(R) Immunoassay System (Igen, Inc). The homologous immunoassay format consisted of a double antibody sandwich in which a biotinylated capture antibody pre-bound to streptavidin-coated paramagnetic beads, was used to bind antigen from test samples. A detector antibody, labeled with ruthenium (II) tris-bipyridal chelate, was added and, when bound to the bead immunocomplex, generated light in the presence of an excess of tripropylamine. The light was detected and measured by the ORIGEN analyzer. The sensitivity of this assay was 1 pg of enterotoxin per ml of serum, urine, tissue, or buffer and was highly reproducible. Concentration curves generated from SEB standards produced consistently wide linear ranges (0.1-100 ng/ml), making quantitation possible with only two dilutions of sample (undiluted and 1:1000). The assay used 50 mu l of sample per test and required a 30 min incubation period in addition to a 1 min per tube reading time (50 tubes maximum). This assay was significantly better in terms of sensitivity, linear range, and assay time than the standard microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and should permit early SEB detection in clinical samples. food, and environmental samples. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rossi, CA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 17 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD MAR 6 PY 2000 VL 236 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 17 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(99)00234-3 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 299UK UT WOS:000086216100002 PM 10699575 ER PT J AU Clayton, J Middlebrook, JL AF Clayton, J Middlebrook, JL TI Vaccination of mice with DNA encoding a large fragment of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A SO VACCINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMID DNA; IMMUNIZATION; GENE AB The potential utility of using DNA vaccination to protect mice from the microbial neurotoxin, botulinum toxin type A, was evaluated. A synthetically derived gene encoding a carboxyl-terminal 50 kDa fragment of the toxin was placed in two sites in the DNA inoculation vehicle pCMYint-BL (Vical), one predicted to lead to MHC I processing (pJT-1 construct) and the other to direct MHC II processing (pJT-2 construct). Mice were then inoculated at 3 week intervals with these two constructs and with the vehicle alone and evaluated for protection from botulinum toxin by i.p. challenges with various toxin doses. Protection was observed at about week 10-11 from toxin doses of 25-100 LD50 Only animals inoculated with pJT-2 exhibited protection. In dose-response experiments, 50 mu g of DNA was the minimal dose required to elicit a protective response against serotype A, while protection against serotypes B or E was not obtained. With standard ELISA testing, a relationship was observed between the level of protection and the level of ELISA reactive antibody. Our results support the concept that DNA vaccination is a viable methodology to use in cases where protection from toxins is the goal. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Clayton, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 13 TC 32 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 6 PY 2000 VL 18 IS 17 BP 1855 EP 1862 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00253-4 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 294EN UT WOS:000085898500016 PM 10699334 ER PT J AU Cha, HJ Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE AF Cha, HJ Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE TI Observations of green fluorescent protein as a fusion partner in genetically engineered Escherichia coli: Monitoring protein expression and solubility SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE green fluorescent protein; human interleukin-2; chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase; organophosphorous hydrolase; quantitative fusion partner; Escherichia coli ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS HYDROLASE; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; HYDROLYSIS; MECHANISM; REPORTER; INVITRO; STRAINS AB We have constructed three plasmid vectors for the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins using the following motif: (His)(6)-GFP-EK-X, where X represents chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase (CAT), human interleukin-2 (hlL-2), and organophosphorous hydrolase (OPH), respectively, (His), represents a histidine affinity ligand for purification, and EK represents an enterokinase cleavage site for recovering the protein-of-interest from the fusion. The CAT and OPH fusion products (similar to 63 kDa GFP/CAT and similar to 70 kDa GFP/OPH) were expressed at 4.85 mu g/mL (19.9 mu g/mg-total protein) and 1.42 mu g/mL (4.2 mu g/mg-total protein) in the cell lysis supernatant, and, in both cases, enzymatic activity was retained while coupled to GFP. In the case of hIL-2 fusion (similar to 52 kDa), however, the GFP fluorescence was significantly reduced and most of the fusion was retained in the cell pellet. Linear relationships between GFP fluorescence and CAT or OPH concentration, and with enzymatic activity of CAT or OPH, indicated, for the first time, that in vivo noninvasive quantification of proteins-of-interest, was made possible by simple measurement of GFP fluorescence intensity. The utility of GFP as a reporter was not realized without disadvantages however, in particular, an incremental metabolic cost of GFP was found. This could be offset by many benefits foreseen in expression and purification efficiencies. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 33 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 13 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD MAR 5 PY 2000 VL 67 IS 5 BP 565 EP 574 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(20000305)67:5<565::AID-BIT7>3.3.CO;2-G PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 282TC UT WOS:000085233900007 PM 10649231 ER PT J AU Zou, ZQ Gao, CL Nagaich, AK Connell, T Saito, S Moul, JW Seth, P Appella, E Srivastava, S AF Zou, ZQ Gao, CL Nagaich, AK Connell, T Saito, S Moul, JW Seth, P Appella, E Srivastava, S TI p53 regulates the expression of the tumor suppressor gene maspin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; WILD-TYPE P53; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; APOPTOSIS; GROWTH; TRANSCRIPTION; ANGIOGENESIS; CARCINOMA; ARREST; CYCLE AB Maspin has been shown to inhibit tumor cell invasion and metastasis in breast tumor cells. Maspin expression was detected in normal breast and prostate epithelial cells, whereas tumor cells exhibited reduced or no expression. However, the regulatory mechanism of maspin expression remains unknown. We report here a rapid and robust induction of maspin expression in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, DU145, and PC3) and breast tumor cells (MCF7) following wild type p53 expression from an adenovirus p53 expression vector (AdWTp53). p53 activates the maspin promoter by binding directly to the p53 consensus-binding site present in the maspin promoter. DNA-damaging agents and cytotoxic drugs induced endogenous maspin expression in cells containing the wild type p53, Maspin expression was refractory to the DNA-damaging agents in cells containing mutant p53, These results, combined with recent studies of the tumor metastasis suppressor gene KAI1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), define a new category of molecular targets of p53 that have the potential to negatively regulate tumor invasion and/or metastasis. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, Med Breast Canc Sect, Med Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Cell Biol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Zou, ZQ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 19 TC 214 Z9 227 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 3 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 9 BP 6051 EP 6054 DI 10.1074/jbc.275.9.6051 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 290AP UT WOS:000085654400002 PM 10692390 ER PT J AU Wilson, JA Hevey, M Bakken, R Guest, S Bray, M Schmaljohn, AL Hart, MK AF Wilson, JA Hevey, M Bakken, R Guest, S Bray, M Schmaljohn, AL Hart, MK TI Epitopes involved in antibody-mediated protection from Ebola virus SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; VIRION GLYCOPROTEINS; PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTION; FEVER AB To determine the ability of antibodies to provide protection from Ebola viruses, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the Ebola glycoprotein were generated and evaluated for efficacy. We identified several protective mAbs directed toward five unique epitopes on Ebola glycoprotein. One of the epitopes is conserved among all Ebola viruses that are known to be pathogenic for humans. Some protective mAbs were also effective therapeutically when administered to mice 2 days after exposure to Lethal Ebola virus. The identification of protective mAbs has important implications for developing vaccines and therapies for Ebola virus. C1 USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hart, MK (reprint author), USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM marykate.hart@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 249 Z9 263 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 3 PY 2000 VL 287 IS 5458 BP 1664 EP 1666 DI 10.1126/science.287.5458.1664 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 289NE UT WOS:000085628200042 PM 10698744 ER PT J AU Ostashev, VE Wilson, DK AF Ostashev, VE Wilson, DK TI Relative contributions from temperature and wind velocity fluctuations to the statistical moments of a sound field in a turbulent atmosphere SO ACUSTICA LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-LAYER; PROPAGATION; INHOMOGENEITIES; SCATTERING; COHERENCE; WAVES AB Expressions are presented for the vertical profiles of the variances, integral length scales and structure-function parameters of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations for different turbulence regimes in an unstable atmospheric boundary layer. Based on these expressions, two ratios of velocity-to-temperature terms are obtained. The first of these ratios characterizes the relative contributions from wind velocity and temperature fluctuations to the statistical moments of a sound held in a turbulent atmosphere when this field is affected mainly by large-scale inhomogeneities. The second ratio characterizes these contributions in the opposite case when a sound field is affected mainly by relatively small-scale inhomogeneities in the inertial subrange. The vertical profiles of the second ratio, obtained for different meteorological conditions, are used to study the effects of wind velocity fluctuations on the echo signal measured by a monostatic sodar in a stratified. moving atmosphere. The common practice of interpreting returns from monostatic sodars solely in terms of the temperature structure-function parameter is found to be tenuous in many typical atmospheric conditions. C1 NOAA, ERL, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ostashev, VE (reprint author), NOAA, ERL, Environm Technol Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 15 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU S HIRZEL VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA POSTFACH 10 10 61, D-70 009 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0001-7884 J9 ACUSTICA JI Acustica PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 86 IS 2 BP 260 EP 268 PG 9 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 319UP UT WOS:000087361100006 ER PT J AU Johnson, AT Scott, WH Lausted, CG Coyne, KM Sahota, MS Johnson, MM Yeni-Komshian, G Caretti, DM AF Johnson, AT Scott, WH Lausted, CG Coyne, KM Sahota, MS Johnson, MM Yeni-Komshian, G Caretti, DM TI Communication using a telephone while wearing a respirator SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE communication; respirators ID PERFORMANCE AB Respirators have been found to degrade communication effectiveness when wearers speak face-to-face. However, little is known about communication effectiveness when using the telephone and wearing a respirator. Eleven pairs of subjects were asked to pronounce and identify words chosen from Modified Rhyme Test lists. Each word appeared on a computer screen in one room and the speaker said the word into the telephone. The listener in another room identified the word and typed it into a computer linked with the first. Subjects wore U.S. Army M40 full-facepiece air-purifying respirators with hoods. Three different speech diaphragm arrangements and two hood materials were tested. Results show that accuracy suffered by about 10% when respirators and hoods were worn compared with the control condition. Word identification speed was one-third to one-half of the control (no respirator or hood) condition depending on specific equipment worn. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, AT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1202/0002-8894(2000)061<0264:CUATWW>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 303ZQ UT WOS:000086458400014 PM 10782198 ER PT J AU Liebman, HA Chediak, J Fink, KI Galvez, AG Shah, PC Sham, RL AF Liebman, HA Chediak, J Fink, KI Galvez, AG Shah, PC Sham, RL TI Activated recombinant human coagulation factor VII (rFVIIa) therapy for abdominal bleeding in patients with inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE recombinant factor VIIa; hemostasis; abdominal bleeding; hemophilia A; acquired antibodies ID HEMOPHILIA-A; ACQUIRED HEMOPHILIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE; EFFICACY; COMPLEX; MANAGEMENT; SURGERY; SAFETY; TRIAL AB Eight patients with inhibitors to factor VIII (4 hemophilia A and 4 nonhemophilic) were treated with recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) to control severe abdominal bleeding. The recombinant factor was supplied under an open-label, emergency-use program to patients previously unresponsive to one or more alternative therapies. Therapy with rFVIIa was administered for nine separate bleeding events; one patient was treated for two separate bleeding episodes, Patients were treated for an average of 9 days and received a mean total dose of 5.2 mg of rFVIIa for control of bleeding, Treatment was considered successful and hemostasis adequate in 7 of the 9 episodes (78%), Treatment with rFVIIa was partially successful in one other episode, Four patients in this series experienced serious adverse events; all the adverse events were considered unrelated to rFVIIa therapy, The results of this limited series indicate that rFVIIa is an effective means of managing life-threatening abdominal bleeding in individuals with hemophilia or acquired antibodies to factor VIII, Am. J. Hematol, 63:109-113, 2000. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Div Hematol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Illinois Masonic Med Ctr, Div Hematol, Chicago, IL 60657 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Cook Cty Hosp, Div Hematol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rochester Gen Hosp, Mary M Gooley Hemophilia Ctr, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. RP Liebman, HA (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Div Hematol, 1441 Eastlake Ave,NOR MS 34, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 63 IS 3 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(200003)63:3<109::AID-AJH1>3.0.CO;2-O PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 287GR UT WOS:000085498600001 PM 10679799 ER PT J AU Stamilio, DM Sehdev, HM Morgan, MA Propert, K Macones, GA AF Stamilio, DM Sehdev, HM Morgan, MA Propert, K Macones, GA TI Can antenatal clinical and biochemical markers predict the development of severe preeclampsia? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biochemical markers; clinical prediction rule; preeclampsia ID HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN; ECLAMPSIA; ASSOCIATION; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to develop a multivariable clinical predictive rule for severe preeclampsia using second-trimester clinical factors and biochemical markers. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all pregnant patients with single gestations from 1995 through 1997 for whom we had complete follow-up data, Through medical record review we determined whether patients had severe preeclampsia develop according to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria. Case patients with severe preeclampsia were compared with control subjects with respect to clinical data and multiple-marker screening test results. With potential predictive factors identified in the bivariate and stratified analyses both an explanatory logistic regression model and a clinical prediction rule were created. Patients were assigned a predictive score according to the presence or absence of predictive factors, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the optimal score cutoff point for prediction of severe preeclampsia with maximal sensitivity. RESULTS: Among the 1998 patients we found 49 patients with severe preeclampsia (prevalence, 2.5%). After we controlled for confounding variables, case patients and control subjects had similar human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein levels, and the only variables that remained significantly associated with severe preeclampsia were nulliparity (relative risk, 3.8; 95% confidence interval. 1.7-8.3), history of preeclampsia (relative risk, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-17.2), elevated screening mean arterial pressure (relative risk, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-7.2), and low unconjugated estriol concentration (relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-3.4). Our predictive model for severe preeclampsia, which included only these 4 variables, had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 46%. CONCLUSION: Even after incorporation of the strongest risk factors, our predictive model had only modest sensitivity and specificity for discrimination of patients at risk for development of severe preeclampsia. The addition of the human chorionic gonadotropin and a-fetoprotein biochemical markers did not enhance the model's predictive value for severe preeclampsia. C1 Cooper Hosp Univ Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Camden, NJ 08103 USA. Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Stamilio, DM (reprint author), USA, David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 101 Bodin Cir, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. NR 26 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 182 IS 3 BP 589 EP 594 DI 10.1067/mob.2000.103890 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 300BJ UT WOS:000086232700019 PM 10739512 ER PT J AU Deering, S Miller, B Kopelman, JN Reed, M AF Deering, S Miller, B Kopelman, JN Reed, M TI Recurrent leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata exacerbated by in vitro fertilization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata; in vitro fertilization AB Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare disease that is most often discovered during pregnancy or in patients with a history of oral contraceptive use. We report the first case of a patient with the disease who conceived by in vitro fertilization and the complications that occurred. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Deering, S (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 8901 Wisconson Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 182 IS 3 BP 725 EP 726 DI 10.1067/mob.2000.101978 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 300BJ UT WOS:000086232700044 PM 10739537 ER PT J AU Daniels, RL Swallow, C Shelton, C Davidson, HC Krejci, CS Harnsberger, HR AF Daniels, RL Swallow, C Shelton, C Davidson, HC Krejci, CS Harnsberger, HR TI Causes of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss screened by high-resolution fast spin echo magnetic resonance imaging: Review of 1,070 consecutive cases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high-resolution fast spin echo magnetic; resonance imaging; sensorineural hearing loss ID BRAIN-STEM RESPONSE; INTRACANALICULAR ACOUSTIC NEUROMA; LARGE VESTIBULAR AQUEDUCT; INNER-EAR; CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; T2-WEIGHTED MR; ENHANCED MR; SCHWANNOMAS AB Objective: Evaluation of the ability of screening high resolution, nonenhanced, fast spin echo (FSE) T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the internal auditory canal (LAC) and cerebellopontine angle (CPA) to detect nonacoustic schwannoma causes of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). FSE-MRI is equally sensitive in detecting acoustic (vestibular) schwannoma as gadolinium-enhanced MRI, but sensitivity to other causes of hearing loss is unknown. Study Design: Retrospective review of screening FSE-MRI studies. Setting: Academic otology/neurotology and neuroradiology practices. Patients: There were 1,070 patients with unilateral SNHL who underwent radiologic screening for retrocochlear pathology. Results: Normal findings were found in 944 cases. Typical (acoustic) vestibular schwannoma were found in 56 patients. Seventy additional lesions were identified: 27 CPA lesions, 29 inner ear lesions, and 12 intraaxial lesions including 9 infarctions, 1 multiple sclerosis case, 1 mesial temporal lobe sclerosis, and 1 colloid cyst. Conclusions: High-resolution T2 FSE-MRI of the IAC and CPA is a highly sensitive screening cool for unilateral SNHL, which can detect a variety of lesions in addition to vestibular schwannomas. To our knowledge in 2 years of follow-up in these patients screened for IAC/CPA lesions, no other lesions causing SNHL have been found. High-resolution FSE screening technique, used in conjunction with appropriate clinical prescreening and referral, can provide an equally sensitive method of evaluating unilateral SNHL compared to gadolinium-enhanced T1 MRI while reducing costs and providing distinct advantages in evaluating nonacoustic schwannoma causes of SNHL. C1 Univ Utah, Div Otolaryngol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Univ Utah, Div Neuroradiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Shelton, C (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Med, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Room 3C120,50 N Med Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. NR 41 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-9763 J9 AM J OTOL JI Am. J. Otol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 21 IS 2 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1016/S0196-0709(00)80005-8 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 291JC UT WOS:000085730000005 PM 10733180 ER PT J AU Dillingham, TR Pezzin, LE Lauder, TD Andary, M Kumar, S Stephens, RT Shannon, S AF Dillingham, TR Pezzin, LE Lauder, TD Andary, M Kumar, S Stephens, RT Shannon, S TI Symptom duration and spontaneous activity in lumbosacral radiculopathy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE paraspinal muscles; lumbosacral radiculopathy; electromyography; nerve conduction; back pain ID PARASPINAL MUSCLES; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; SCREEN; NUMBER AB Objectives: A long-held notion in the electrodiagnostic literature is that paraspinal muscles tend to show spontaneous activity (fibrillations and positive sharp waves) on needle electromyography, early on in a lumbosacral radiculopathy, and that more distal muscles become abnormal later in the disease process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether paraspinal muscle and other major proximal and distal muscle spontaneous activity is related to a lumbosacral radiculopathy symptom duration, Methods: A multicenter, prospective study that collected standard information on history, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic findings in patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed lumbosacral radiculopathies was undertaken, Results: Multivariate probit analyses of 96 patients identified with a lumbosacral radiculopathy showed no evidence of correlation between spontaneous activity in the paraspinal muscles and symptom duration, Symptom duration was also nonsignificant in nine of the remaining ten lower limb muscles analyzed. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the limitations of using symptom duration when interpreting electrodiagnostic findings in lumbosacral radiculopathy. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dillingham, TR (reprint author), 10352 Waverly Woods Dr, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. RI Abbott, J./B-2976-2008 OI Abbott, J./0000-0001-6468-7284 NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 79 IS 2 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1097/00002060-200003000-00003 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 297WY UT WOS:000086106700003 PM 10744185 ER PT J AU Craig, SC AF Craig, SC TI Untitled SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Craig, SC (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 62 IS 3 BP 326 EP 326 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 362JM UT WOS:000089774900003 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ O'Guinn, M Oliver, J AF Turell, MJ O'Guinn, M Oliver, J TI Potential for New York mosquitoes to transmit West Nile Virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; CULEX-PIPIENS AB We evaluated the potential for several North American mosquito species to transmit the newly introduced West Nile (WN) virus. Mosquitoes collected in the New York City Metropolitan Area during the recent (1999) WN outbreak were allowed to feed on chickens infected with WN virus isolated from a crow that had died during this outbreak. These mosquitoes were tested approximately 2 weeks later to determine infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. Culex pipiens mosquitoes were highly susceptible to infection, and nearly all individuals with a disseminated infection did transmit WN virus by bite. In contrast, Aedes vexans were only moderately susceptible to oral infection; however, those individuals inoculated with WN virus did transmit virus by bite. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Vector Assessment Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, New York State Dept Hlth, Arthropod Borne Dis Program, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Vector Assessment Branch, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 10 TC 145 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 62 IS 3 BP 413 EP 414 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 362JM UT WOS:000089774900019 PM 11037788 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Aylesworth, C Rizzo, J Izbicka, E Campbell, E Kuhn, J Weiss, G Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Aylesworth, C Rizzo, J Izbicka, E Campbell, E Kuhn, J Weiss, G Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I study of rhizoxin (NSC 332598) by 72-hour continuous intravenous infusion in patients with advanced solid tumors SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antimicrotubule; cancer; phase I; rhizoxin ID BREAST-CANCER; LUNG-CANCER; I/II TRIAL; PACLITAXEL; AGENT; CELLS AB Background: Rhizoxin (NSC 332598) is a novel macrolide antitumor antibiotic that inhibits microtubule assembly and also depolymerizes preformed microtubules. In preclinical evaluations, rhizoxin demonstrated broad antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo including both vincristine- and vindesine-resistant human lung cancers. Prolonged exposure schedules in xenograft models demonstrated optimal efficacy indicating schedule-dependent antitumor activity. The early phase I and II evaluations a five-minute bolus infusion schedule was studied, however, only modest anti-tumor activity was noted, possibly due to rapid systemic clearance. To overcome these limitations and to exploit the potential for schedule-dependent behavior of rhizoxin, the feasibility of administering rhizoxin as a 72-hour continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion was evaluated. Patients and methods: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were entered into this phase I study, in which both the infusion duration and dose of rhizoxin were increased. The starting dose was 0.2 mg/m(2) over 12 hours administered every 3 weeks. In each successive dose level, the dose and infusion duration were incrementally increased in a stepwise fashion. Once a 72-hour i.v. infusion duration was reached, rhizoxin dose-escalations alone continued until a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined. Results: Nineteen patients were entered into the study. Rhizoxin was administered at doses ranging from 0.2 mg/m(2) i.v. over 12 hours to 2.4 mg/m(2) i.v. over 72 hours every 3 weeks. The principal dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were severe neutropenia and mucositis, and the incidence of DLT was unacceptably high at rhizoxin doses above 1.2 mg/m(2), which was determined to be the MTD and dose recommended for phase II studies. At these dose levels, rhizoxin could not be detected in the plasma by a previously validated and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography assay with a lower limit of detection of 1 ng/ml. No antitumor responses were observed. Conclusions: Rhizoxin can be safely administered using a 72-hour i.v. infusion schedule. The toxicity profile is similar to that observed previously using brief infusion schedules. Using this protracted i.v. infusion schedule the maximum tolerated dose is 1.2 mg/m(2)/72 hours. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, 250-8122 Datapoint Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [UO1 CA69853, 5P30 CA54174]; NCRR NIH HHS [5 MOI RR01346] NR 19 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 11 IS 3 BP 333 EP 338 DI 10.1023/A:1008398725442 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 297UE UT WOS:000086100400020 PM 10811501 ER PT J AU Lim, AAT Washington, AP Greinwald, JH Lassen, LF Holtel, MR AF Lim, AAT Washington, AP Greinwald, JH Lassen, LF Holtel, MR TI Effect of pentoxifylline on the healing of guinea pig tympanic membrane SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE guinea pig; pentoxifylline; tympanic membrane perforation ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; SKIN-FLAP SURVIVAL; OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; PERFORATIONS; REPAIR AB Although most tympanic membrane perforations heal spontaneously, persistent perforations frequently require treatment by otolaryngologists. Initial management strategies include keeping the ear dry, ensuring aural hygiene, and using topical antibiotics. For persistent perforations. paper patching or myringoplasty may be required. Recently, agents such as hyaluronic acid and epidermal growth factor have been used to promote tympanic membrane healing. Similarly, pentoxifylline, a pharmaceutical agent with hemorrheological and antithrombotic properties, has been shown to increase perfusion and accelerate wound healing. This double-blinded prospective study attempts to examine the effect of pentoxifylline on tympanic membrane healing of 50 guinea pigs subjected to myringotomy. Serial examinations and histopathologic sectioning of the tympanic membranes revealed no significant difference in rate of healing or quality of repair between the pentoxifylline and control groups. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lim, AAT (reprint author), SGCQSL, Med Grp 375, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 310 W Losey St, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 109 IS 3 BP 262 EP 266 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 293EH UT WOS:000085838200005 PM 10737308 ER PT J AU Raheb, JG Tripp, HF AF Raheb, JG Tripp, HF TI Constrictive pericarditis after bypass leading to internal mammary graft failure SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC-SURGERY AB Constrictive pericarditis is an infrequent consequence of cardiac operation. The etiology remains unknown, but the consequences include a restrictive process that leads to congestive failure and diminished cardiac output. In addition, the desmoplastic reaction, associated with fusion of the visceral and parietal pericardial layers, has been implicated in failure of saphenous vein grafts. We report a case of constrictive pericarditis, after coronary bypass operation, with occlusion of an internal mammary graft. (C) 2000 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tripp, HF (reprint author), MCHE, SDC, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 69 IS 3 BP 951 EP 953 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01412-5 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 296JV UT WOS:000086022000077 PM 10750800 ER PT J AU Bernard, RS Maier, RS Falvey, HT AF Bernard, RS Maier, RS Falvey, HT TI A simple computational model for bubble plumes SO APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE bubble plumes; bubbles; ladles; mixing; models; reservoirs; turbulence ID STIRRED LADLE SYSTEMS; GAS INJECTION; FLUID-FLOW; 2-PHASE FLOW; SIMULATION; REACTORS; BATH AB A simple approximation is proposed for the buoyant force in a bubble plume. Assuming a uniform radius and slip velocity for the entire bubble column, an expression is derived for the vertical acceleration of liquid in the column, which is directly proportional to the injected gas flow-rate and inversely proportional to depth and velocity. This bubble-induced acceleration has been implemented with a k-epsilon turbulence model in a three-dimensional, single-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, whose numerical predictions indicate that the velocity outside the plume is relatively insensitive to the column radius and the bubble slip velocity. Using a median observed value of 25 cm/s for the bubble slip velocity, and a column radius given by an empirical formula based on the work of Cedarwall and Ditmars, the model renders predictions for velocity that compare favorably with experimental data taken outside single and double plumes in water. Predicted velocity increases in less-than-linear fashion with the gas flow-rate, and the flow-rate exponent approaches 1/2 in the lower limit, and 1/3 in the upper limit. In the range of how-rates (200-22,000 cm(3)/s) for which the model is validated herein, the exponent is roughly 2/5. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, CEERD,HR, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Henry T Falvey & Associates Inc, Conifer, CO USA. RP Bernard, RS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, CEERD,HR, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM bernard@hl.wes.army.mil NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0307-904X J9 APPL MATH MODEL JI Appl. Math. Model. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 24 IS 3 BP 215 EP 233 DI 10.1016/S0307-904X(99)00030-X PG 19 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 278FJ UT WOS:000084977000005 ER PT J AU Song, MH Yin, SZ Ruffin, PB AF Song, MH Yin, SZ Ruffin, PB TI Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor demodulation with quadrature sampling of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY ENCODER; SCHEME AB A simple and highly sensitive phase-demodulation technique is proposed, and its use for a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is experimentally demonstrated. Sampling a phase-modulated Mach-Zehnder output with controlled time delay produced two quadrature data streams that have relative quadrature phase difference (90 degrees). The Bragg wavelength-dependent phase information is extracted by application of digital arctangent function and phase unwrapping to the quadrature signals. By use of this technique with a reference grating, strain sensing at as much as a 30-kHz sampling rate was obtained with strain resolution of 3.5 microstrains and 6 nanostrains/root Hz in quasi-static and dynamic strain measurements, respectively. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Song, MH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sxy105@psu.edu NR 12 TC 62 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1106 EP 1111 DI 10.1364/AO.39.001106 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 286UM UT WOS:000085467200004 PM 18337990 ER PT J AU Mattu, MJ Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT AF Mattu, MJ Small, GW Combs, RJ Knapp, RB Kroutil, RT TI Quantitative analysis of sulfur dioxide with passive Fourier transform infrared remote sensing interferogram data SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE sulfur dioxide; Fourier transform infrared spectrometry; remote sensing; interferogram; multivariate calibration ID LEAST-SQUARES METHODS; MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY; AIR-POLLUTION; SPECTROMETER; EMISSIONS; SPECTRA; SAMPLES; PLUMES; LIMITS AB Multivariate calibration models are developed for the determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) by passive Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) remote sensing measurements. In a series of experiments designed to simulate the measurement of SO2 from industrial stack emissions, low-angle sky backgrounds are viewed through the windows of a heated flow-through gas cell. With this apparatus, infrared emission from the hot SO2 is measured against the cold background of the sky, The FT-IR interferogram data collected are analyzed directly in the construction of the calibration models. Bandpass digital filters are applied to the interferograms to isolate the modulated infrared frequencies corresponding to either the asymmetric or symmetric S-O stretching vibrations at 1361 and 1151 cm(-1), respectively. Quantitative calibration models are constructed by submitting short segments of the filtered interferograms to partial least-squares regression analysis. The experimental design allows the impact of variation in the temperature of the SO2 to be evaluated for its effect on the calibration models. Three data sets are constructed consisting of data with increasing temperature variation, When the temperature variation in the data is less than 30 degrees C, the calibration models are able to achieve a cross-validation standard error of prediction (CV-SEP) of approximately 27 ppm-m across the 185 to 727 ppm-m range of density-corrected, path-averaged concentration. These calibration models are applied to an interferogram segment of only 250 points, and do not require any separate measurement of the infrared background. A comparison of the results from the interferogram-based analyses with those obtained in an analysis of single-beam spectral data reveals similar performances for the models computed with both types of data. C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Small, GW (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 54 IS 3 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1366/0003702001949609 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 301GK UT WOS:000086302200004 ER PT J AU Gardner, RE Tuttle, RM Burman, KD Haddady, S Truman, C Sparling, YH Wartofsky, L Sessions, RB Ringel, MD AF Gardner, RE Tuttle, RM Burman, KD Haddady, S Truman, C Sparling, YH Wartofsky, L Sessions, RB Ringel, MD TI Prognostic importance of vascular invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the American-Head-and-Neck-Society CY APR 24-27, 1999 CL PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Head & Neck Soc ID CANCER; METASTASES; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY AB Background: The prognostic importance of vascular invasion has not been extensively studied in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. Objective: To determine whether the presence of vascular invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma, even within the thyroid gland, is associated with more aggressive disease at diagnosis and a higher incidence of tumor recurrence. Patients and Methods: We identified 410 patients who had been diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer since 1986 who had a follow-up period of longer than 1 year (median follow-up, 5.5 years). Pathology reports were reviewed and patients were separated into 3 groups: no vascular invasion, intrathyroidal vascular invasion, and extrathyroidal vascular invasion. Main Outcome Measures: Statistical comparison was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Patients with intrathyroidal vascular invasion were more likely to have distant metastasis at the lime of diagnosis (26.1% vs 2.2%, P =.001). Similarly, patients with extrathyroidal vascular invasion had a higher incidence of distant metastases at diagnosis (40% vs 4.4%, P =. 02). Patients with tumors identified to have intrathyroidal vascular invasion were more likely to develop distant recurrence (20% vs 3%, P =.002). Conclusions: These associations were found to be independent by multiple regression analysis. Patient age, sex, palpable or fixed lymph nodes, radiation exposure, and race did not differ between the patient group with and those without vascular invasion. Preliminary analysis of our data suggests that the presence of vascular invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma, even within the thyroid gland, is associated with more aggressive disease at diagnosis and with a higher incidence of tumor recurrence. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Medlantic Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Gardner, RE (reprint author), 6065 Joust Ln, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 19 TC 45 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 126 IS 3 BP 309 EP 312 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 292RH UT WOS:000085808500007 PM 10722002 ER PT J AU Martinez, MJ Bray, MP Huggins, JW AF Martinez, MJ Bray, MP Huggins, JW TI A mouse model of aerosol-transmitted orthopoxviral disease - Morphology of experimental aerosol-transmitted orthopoxviral disease in a cowpox virus-BALB/c mouse system SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID A-TYPE INCLUSIONS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; POXVIRUS PATHOGENESIS; POX VIRUS; VACCINIA; PROTEIN; FAS; CYTOTOXICITY; PERFORIN; MICE AB Objectives.-To determine the morphologic changes and disease progression of aerosolized cowpox virus infection in BALB/c mice and to ascertain the suitability of cowpox virus-infected BALB/c mice as a model of aerosol-transmitted, orthopoxviral respiratory disease. Methods.-BALB/c mice were inoculated with cowpox virus, Brighten strain, by aerosol or intranasal route. Mice were killed at specified times after inoculation, necropsied, and tissues were collected for routine histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy, Results.-Inoculation by both routes resulted in disease and death. Immunolabeled viral antigen and lesions predominated in the tissues associated with the inoculation route, that is, lungs, airways, trachea, and nasal passages and sinuses. Tracheitis was evident in the intranasally infected group only. Lesions were generally necrotizing and hemorrhagic, neutrophilic, and increased in extent and severity in a time-dependent fashion. Viral intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, immunolabeled viral antigen, or virions were readily seen in epithelial tissues; smooth muscle cells of airways and vessels, fibroblasts, periosteal cells, perineural cells, and macrophages. Although the extension of infection appeared to be primarily direct, lesions suggesting hematogenous dissemination were occasionally noted in bone marrow and skin. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated features of cell injury or death, virion assembly and maturation, and both A-type and B-type inclusions. Conclusions.-Aerosol inoculation of BALB/c mice with cowpox virus provides a reliable and facilitative model of aerosol-transmitted, orthopoxviral respiratory disease. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Martinez, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Attn MCMR-UIP,1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 74 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 124 IS 3 BP 362 EP 377 PG 16 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 292AK UT WOS:000085771800005 PM 10705388 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JL AF Caldwell, JL TI The use of melatonin: An information paper SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE melatonin; sleep; performance; review ID PHASE-RESPONSE CURVE; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM DISORDERS; CORE BODY-TEMPERATURE; BRIGHT LIGHT; HUMAN MOOD; JET-LAG; SLEEP; DAYTIME; EFFICACY; PERFORMANCE AB The use of melatonin has been a topic of debate for the past several years. Patients frequently ask their physicians about its use, and many physicians are at a loss about what to tell them. Aviators who have trouble sleeping may choose to buy melatonin and use ii since it is a "natural" substance. However, they may lack proper education about its use and the issues of concern. Flight surgeons can help educate their patients in the use of melatonin. This paper will briefly discuss the role of melatonin in humans, its effects on circadian rhythms, its sleep-inducing properties, its effects on mood and performance, and issues pertaining to safety. Flight surgeons and other physicians cannot "prescribe" melatonin, but they at least can oiler information about its effects and what is not known about melatonin at this time to the aviators who may asic questions concerning this product. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Caldwell, JL (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 71 IS 3 BP 238 EP 244 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 288UZ UT WOS:000085584000006 PM 10716168 ER PT J AU Martin, L Rosen, LN Durand, DB Knudson, KH Stretch, RH AF Martin, L Rosen, LN Durand, DB Knudson, KH Stretch, RH TI Psychological and physical health effects of sexual assaults and nonsexual traumas among male and female United States Army soldiers SO BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mental health; military; physical health; sexual assault; traumatic experiences ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VIETNAM VETERANS; CHILDHOOD ABUSE; MENTAL-HEALTH; US ARMY; CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION; NATIONAL SAMPLE; DESERT-STORM; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS AB Lifetime trauma history was assessed in a health study of active duty United States Army soldiers. Five hundred fifty-five male and 573 female soldiers in the sample were asked whether they had ever experienced 14 different potentially traumatic experiences, including sexual assaults, violent stressors to self, land terrifying events that occurred to others and were secondarily traumatic through exposure by gaining information or as a witness to the event. Most soldiers had experienced multiple traumas, and premilitary exposure to events was much more common than exposure to Events after entering the military: Global measures of current psychological distress and physical health symptoms were predicted by the lifetime number of sexual assaults and traumas to self: Social support from military unit leaders moderated the relationship between accumulated exposure to traumas and both health measures, whereas unit cohesion was directly associated with fever mental health problems. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Natl Inst Justice, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Rockville, MD USA. RP Rosen, LN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM rosenl@ujp.usdoj.gov NR 60 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0896-4289 EI 1940-4026 J9 BEHAV MED JI Behav. Med. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 26 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry GA 345WJ UT WOS:000088837900003 PM 10971881 ER PT J AU Streever, B Zedler, J AF Streever, B Zedler, J TI To plant or not to plant SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Bot Dept & Arboretum, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Streever, B (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAR PY 2000 VL 50 IS 3 BP 188 EP 189 DI 10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0188:TPONTP]2.3.CO;2 PG 2 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 286EF UT WOS:000085430100002 ER PT J AU Xiang, CC Chen, YD AF Xiang, CC Chen, YD TI cDNA microarray technology and its applications SO BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES LA English DT Review DE cDNA microarray; technology; RNA expression assay technique ID GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; SERIAL ANALYSIS; GENOME ANALYSIS; DNA MICROARRAY; HYBRIDIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; ARRAYS; SYSTEM; SCALE AB The cDNA microarray is the most powerful tool for studying gene expression in many different organisms. It has been successfully applied to the simultaneous expression of many thousands of genes and to large-scale gene discovery, as well as polymorphism screening and mapping of genomic DNA clones. It is a high throughput, highly parallel RNA expression assay technique that permits quantitative analysis of RNAs transcribed from both known and unknown genes. This technique provides diagnostic fingerprints by comparing gene expression patterns in normal and pathological cells, and because it can simultaneously track expression levels of many genes, it provides a source of operational context for inference and predication about complex cell control systems. This review describes this recently developed cDNA microarray technology and its application to gene discovery and expression, and to diagnostics for certain diseases, (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Natl Human Genome Res Inst, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Xiang, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Microarray Core Facil, Room 5554,Gonda Ctr,695 Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 23 TC 43 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-9750 J9 BIOTECHNOL ADV JI Biotechnol. Adv. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 18 IS 1 BP 35 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00035-X PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 304XL UT WOS:000086509300003 PM 14538118 ER PT J AU Wickliffe, JK Pitts, RM Iverson, S Bickham, JW AF Wickliffe, JK Pitts, RM Iverson, S Bickham, JW TI Cell cycle disruption in wild rodent populations as an endpoint in detecting exposure and effect SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLOW-CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; TESTICULAR TISSUES; IONIZING-RADIATION; DNA-DAMAGE; TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE; IRRADIATION; TOXICITY; RAT C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. N Dallas High Sch, JROTC Dept, Dallas, TX 75204 USA. USA Corps Engineers, Bloomfield, NJ 07003 USA. RP Bickham, JW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 64 IS 3 BP 448 EP 454 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 290XP UT WOS:000085703400021 PM 10757672 ER PT J AU Buchanan, GR Rivera, GK Pollock, BH Boyett, JM Chauvenet, AR Wagner, H Maybee, DA Crist, WM Pinkel, D AF Buchanan, GR Rivera, GK Pollock, BH Boyett, JM Chauvenet, AR Wagner, H Maybee, DA Crist, WM Pinkel, D TI Alternating drug pairs with or without periodic reinduction in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second bone marrow remission - A pediatric oncology group study SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE acute leukemia; lymphoid; chemotherapy; relapse; bone marrow transplantation ID OVERT TESTICULAR RELAPSE; 2ND REMISSION; TRANSPLANTATION; CHEMOTHERAPY; THERAPY; EXPERIENCE; PATIENT AB BACKGROUND. Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who experience hematologic recurrence while receiving chemotherapy or within 6 months after its cessation have a low cure rate. In this study (Pediatric Oncology Group Protocol 8303) two methods were examined for improving the outcome in these children. METHODS. After remission induction with prednisone, vincristine, daunorubicin, and asparaginase (PVDA) and consolidation chemotherapy with teniposide and cytarabine, patients received weekly continuation chemotherapy with rotating pairs of drugs, comprised of teniposide and cytarabine and vincristine and cyclo-phosphamide. In addition, they were randomized to receive or not receive repeated reinduction with PVDA. Patients with matched sibling donors were allowed to receive allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) instead of continued chemotherapy. RESULTS, Of 297 evaluable patients 258 (87%) achieved second complete hematologic remission. However, only 23 of these patients remained continuously free of leukemia greater than or equal to 7 years after chemotherapy or BMT. Neither PVDA pulses nor BMT appeared to influence outcome at a statistically significant level. CONCLUSIONS. The results of the current study confirm prior reports of the low cure rate of children with ALL who experience hematologic recurrence during initial therapy or shortly after its cessation. New approaches are needed to prevent and retreat hematologic recurrence in pediatric ALL patients. (C) 2000 American Cancer Society. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Memphis, TN USA. St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. Pediat Oncol Grp, Stat Off, Gainesville, FL USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Swiss Pediat Oncol Grp, Bern, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Buchanan, GR (reprint author), Pediat Oncol Grp, Operat Off, 8303,645 N Michigan Ave,Suite 910, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-29139, CA-31566, CA-33625] NR 39 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 88 IS 5 BP 1166 EP 1174 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000301)88:5<1166::AID-CNCR29>3.0.CO;2-W PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 291PT UT WOS:000085745800029 PM 10699908 ER PT J AU Browne, D Romilly-Harper, AP AF Browne, D Romilly-Harper, AP TI Introduction to the workshop SO CANCER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Indianapolis Breast Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46260 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Romilly-Harper, AP (reprint author), Indianapolis Breast Ctr, 1950 W 86 St, Indianapolis, IN 46260 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 88 IS 5 SU S BP 1187 EP 1188 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000301)88:5+<1187::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-I PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 292MW UT WOS:000085799600001 ER PT J AU Moppin, MG Kerwin, SC AF Moppin, MG Kerwin, SC TI Evaluation of medetomidine hydrochloride, butorphanol tartrate, and glycopyrrolate in six military working dogs for short-term anesthesia SO CANINE PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID SEDATION AB Military working dogs undergo sedation or anaesthesia several times per year. As service dogs work longer, more geriatric, but healthy, dogs are seen in military clinics. this makes it necessary to use a protocol that allows quick induction and recovery, good control of plane of anesthesia, and low risk of adverse side effects. A protocol of medetomidine, butorphanol, and glycopyrrolate was evaluated in six healthy military working dogs, with a mean age of 9 years (median, 10 years). This protocol proved to be a very good option for short-term anesthesia in relatively low pain procedures. This same protocol would also be useful in civilian clinics that deal with large coallon aggressive animals. C1 US Army Vet Corps, Patrick AFB Vet Treatment Facil, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Moppin, MG (reprint author), US Army Vet Corps, Patrick AFB Vet Treatment Facil, Patrick AFB, FL 32925 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VETERINARY PRACTICE PUBL CO PI IRVINE PA 3 BURROUGHSDR, IRVINE, CA 92618-2804 USA SN 0094-4904 J9 CANINE PRACT JI Canine Pract. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 2 BP 12 EP 14 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 293ZL UT WOS:000085885200002 ER PT J AU Barrett, AH Cardello, AV Mair, L Maguire, P Lesher, LL Richardson, M Briggs, J Taub, IA AF Barrett, AH Cardello, AV Mair, L Maguire, P Lesher, LL Richardson, M Briggs, J Taub, IA TI Textural optimization of shelf-stable bread: Effects of glycerol content and dough-forming technique SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WHEAT-FLOUR DOUGHS; QUALITY AB The effects of glycerol content and dough-forming method on the physical, textural, and sensory characteristics of shelf-stable bread were determined. Bread dough was produced with 0, 2, 4, and 6% nominal glycerol content, and formed into rolls by either dough-dividing or extrusion-forming methodologies. Baked products were evaluated by uniaxial compression and fitting of stress-strain data to a three-parameter mathematical model. A trained sensory panel quantified textural attributes using magnitude estimation methodology. Selected characteristics were also judged by an untrained consumer panel. Sensory-instrumental relationships were determined. Products were tested instrumentally after different storage intervals to determine effects of glycerol level and dough-forming process on degree of fuming. Results showed that extrusion-forming produced, on average, relatively more dense and less deformable products than did the dough-dividing method; extrusion-formed samples also had greater sensory firmness and were less similar to an ideal sensory texture. However, high glycerol concentrations in extrusion-formed products gave sensory profiles that were substantially closer to the ideal. Sensory firmness and chewiness were closely correlated with parameters of power law functions that described compression behavior. Glycerol reduced ultimate firmness after storage. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Zymark Corp, Hopkinton, MA 01748 USA. Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Barrett, AH (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM abarrett@natick-emh2.army.mil NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 77 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.2.169 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 297MJ UT WOS:000086086400017 ER PT J AU Balogh, L Tomalia, DA Hagnauer, GL AF Balogh, L Tomalia, DA Hagnauer, GL TI A revolution of nanoscale proportions SO CHEMICAL INNOVATION LA English DT Article ID NANOCLUSTERS C1 Univ Michigan, Ctr Biol Nanotechnol, Nanomat & Nanocomposites Grp, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Washington, DC USA. RP Balogh, L (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Biol Nanotechnol, Nanomat & Nanocomposites Grp, 200 Zina Pitcher Pl, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1527-4799 J9 CHEM INNOV JI Chem. Innov. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 3 BP 19 EP 26 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA 292FU UT WOS:000085784100004 ER PT J AU Alkins, SA O'Malley, P AF Alkins, SA O'Malley, P TI Should health-care systems pay for replacement therapy in patients with alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency? A critical review and cost-effectiveness analysis SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE alpha(1)-antitrypsin; cost-effectiveness; cost-benefit analysis; drug therapy; lung diseases; obstructive ID ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY; AUGMENTATION THERAPY; CONVENIENT APPROXIMATION; LIFE EXPECTANCY; GUIDELINES; EMPHYSEMA; EFFICACY; DISEASE; DEALE AB Study objectives: Assess cost effectiveness for providing alpha 1-antitqpsin (alpha(1)-AT) replacement therapy to individuals with severe COPD and alpha(1)-AT deficiency. Materials and methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched, and relevant bibliographies were reviewed. Effect size, defined as the absolute risk difference between treated and untreated groups, was taken from the highest level of supporting evidence. The cost for providing alpha(1)-AT replacement therapy was analyzed from a payer perspective and was based on Medicare reimbursement rates. Effect size and costs were varied. The year of life saved was discounted up to 7%. Results: The incremental cost per year of life saved for alpha(1)-AT replacement therapy (60 mg/kg/wk IV) in a 70-kg subject with severe alpha(1)-AT deficiency and an FEV1 < 50% of predicted based on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Registry mortality rate data is $13,971. The incremental cost depends substantially on the mortality rate reduction. When the effect size is altered from 10 to 70%, with the cost fixed at $52,000, the incremental cost pel) car of life saved ranges from $132,911 to $7,330. When effect size is 55% (as in the NIH Registry) but costs are increased almost 300%, from $52,000 to $150,000 per, ear, then the incremental cost per ear of life saved increases from $3,971 to $40,301. Conclusion: No randomized, placebo-controlled trials are available to assess mortality rate reduction with alpha(1)-AT replacement therapy. The best currently available data are observational, from the NIH Registry. Based on these data, alpha(1)-AT replacement therapy is cost-effective in individuals who have severe alpha(1)-AT deficiency and severe COPD. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Alkins, SA (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, CMR 402,Box 2205, APO, AE 09180 USA. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 2000 VL 117 IS 3 BP 875 EP 880 DI 10.1378/chest.117.3.875 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 293YZ UT WOS:000085884000041 PM 10713018 ER PT J AU Aimone, A AF Aimone, A TI The Union preserved: A guide to Civil War records in the New York State archives SO CIVIL WAR HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, Library, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Aimone, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Library, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KENT STATE UNIV PRESS PI KENT PA C/O JOURNALS DEPT, KENT, OH 44242 USA SN 0009-8078 J9 CIVIL WAR HIST JI Civil War Hist. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 46 IS 1 BP 62 EP 63 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 313KB UT WOS:000086997900012 ER PT J AU Vincent, JM Cherry, JD Nauschuetz, WF Lipton, A Ono, CM Costello, CN Sakaguchi, LK Hsue, G Jackson, LA Tachdjian, R Cotter, PA Gornbein, JA AF Vincent, JM Cherry, JD Nauschuetz, WF Lipton, A Ono, CM Costello, CN Sakaguchi, LK Hsue, G Jackson, LA Tachdjian, R Cotter, PA Gornbein, JA TI Prolonged afebrile nonproductive cough illnesses in American soldiers in Korea: A serological search for causation SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS INFECTION; PERSISTENT COUGH; ADULTS; POPULATION; OUTBREAK AB A serological study was undertaken to investigate infections in active-duty United States soldiers with illnesses characterized by prolonged, afebrile, nonproductive coughs. Fifty-four soldiers were enrolled with such illness of greater than or equal to 2 weeks' duration (case patients) along with 55 well soldiers (control subjects). Serum samples were tested for IgG and IgA antibody to 3 Bordetella pertussis antigens, pertussis agglutinins, IgM antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, IgM and IgG antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae, and IgM antibody to adenoviruses. Forty-six case patients (85%) had evidence of recent infection with Bordetella species, M. pneumoniae, or C. pneumoniae, and many had evidence of mixed infections; there were 27 Bordetella species, 20 C. pneumoniae, and 33 M. pneumoniae recent infections. Fifteen case patients had high titers of IgG or IgA to B. pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin without high titers of antibodies to other B. pertussis antigens, which suggested the presence of cross-reacting antibodies to M. pneumoniae and perhaps C. pneumoniae or unidentified infectious agent or agents. Since illnesses due to Bordetella species, M. pneumoniae, and C. pneumoniae can all be treated with macrolide antibiotics and B. pertussis illness can be prevented by immunization, and since military readiness was affected in 63% of the cases, it seems important to conduct further studies in military populations. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Med Corps, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USA, Infantry Div 2, Washington, DC 20310 USA. 121st Gen Hosp, US Forces, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Vaccine Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Vincent, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Med Corps, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 20 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 3 BP 534 EP 539 DI 10.1086/313707 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 302BR UT WOS:000086345500025 PM 10722440 ER PT J AU Moores, LK AF Moores, LK TI Smoking and postoperative pulmonary complications - An evidence-based review of the recent literature SO CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UPPER ABDOMINAL-SURGERY; ARTERY BYPASS PATIENTS; PREOPERATIVE CESSATION; RISK-FACTORS; ABSTINENCE; ANESTHESIA; SMOKERS AB Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) lead to significant morbidity after both thoracic and non-thoracic surgical procedures. The role of smoking as an independent risk factor is controversial, though recent level III and IV studies suggest that it may indeed be significant. In addition, the role and timing of pre-operative smoking cessation is not clear. Although some studies suggest that abstinence too soon prior to operation may actually increase the risk of PPC, it still appears that aggressive counseling for smoking cessation prior to any elective procedure is the best overall course of action. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moores, LK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Wd 77,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW,Invas Procedures, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-5231 J9 CLIN CHEST MED JI Clin. Chest Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 21 IS 1 BP 139 EP + DI 10.1016/S0272-5231(05)70013-7 PG 10 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 303JV UT WOS:000086419500011 PM 10763095 ER PT J AU Fitzpatrick, TM Blair, EA AF Fitzpatrick, TM Blair, EA TI Upper airway complications of smoking SO CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CILIARY BEAT FREQUENCY; SALIVARY-GLAND CANCER; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; NECK-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; FOLLOW-UP; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; OTITIS-MEDIA; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE AB Tobacco smoke has a myriad of acute and chronic effects on the upper airway. These problems can range from aggravating inflammatory reactions to life threatening malignancies. Cessation of smoking is the key to successful resolution of many upper airway complaints. An increased awareness of these disease processes can improve early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A better awareness of these processes may facilitate physicians in counseling patients about smoking. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg, Otolaryngol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Fitzpatrick, TM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 86 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-5231 J9 CLIN CHEST MED JI Clin. Chest Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 21 IS 1 BP 147 EP + DI 10.1016/S0272-5231(05)70014-9 PG 12 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 303JV UT WOS:000086419500012 PM 10763096 ER PT J AU Danielson, KT Adley, MD AF Danielson, KT Adley, MD TI A meshless treatment of three-dimensional penetrator targets for parallel computation SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Computational Engineering Science (ICES) CY OCT 06-09, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA ID CONCRETE TARGETS; PROJECTILES AB A meshless modeling procedure of three-dimensional targets for penetration analysis on parallel computing systems is described. Buried structures are modeled by arbitrary layers of concrete and geologic materials, and the projectile is modeled by standard finite elements. Penetration resistance of the buried structure is provided by functions derived from principles of dynamic cavity expansion. The resistance functions are influenced by the target material properties and projectile kinematics. Additional capabilities accommodate the varying structural and geometrical characteristics of the target. Coupling between the finite elements and the meshless target model is made by applying resistance loads to elements on the outer surface of the projectile mesh. Penetration experiments verify the approach. In this manner, the target is effectively modeled and the strategy is well suited for parallel processing. The procedure is incorporated into an explicit transient dynamics code, using mesh partitioning for a coarse grain parallel processing paradigm. Message Passing Interface (MPI) is used for all interprocessor communication. Large detailed finite element analyses of projectiles are performed on up to several hundred processors with excellent scalability. The efficiency of the strategy is demonstrated by analyses executed on several types of scalable computing platforms. C1 Northwestern Univ, Mech Engn & Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Danielson, KT (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Mech Engn & Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 2-3 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1007/s004660050475 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 304AW UT WOS:000086461200014 ER PT J AU Ross, MC Zoeffel, LD Mcmonagle, JD Mcdonough, JH AF Ross, MC Zoeffel, LD Mcmonagle, JD Mcdonough, JH TI Isoflurane anesthesia for guinea pigs (Cavia porcella) in a stereotaxic surgical apparatus SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY-ANIMALS; HALOTHANE AB Isoflurane (1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether) is a potent general anesthetic agent that is highly adaptable to use in small laboratory animal species. Respiratory delivery is easily accomplished in these animals, even during restraint in a stereotaxic apparatus. The ease of administration, high predictability of action, and ability to finely control the depth of anesthesia make isoflurane anesthesia far superior to regimes involving injectable anesthetics. The wide margin of safety of isoflurane is a key indicator of the superiority of this product to all other anesthetic agents. The initial cost associated with the delivery system is a drawback, but the reliability and safety factors outweigh the hardware costs. C1 DATSD, CBD, Washington, DC 20301 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ross, MC (reprint author), DATSD, CBD, 3050 Def Pentagon,Room 3C257, Washington, DC 20301 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 39 IS 2 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 304CC UT WOS:000086464200009 PM 11487240 ER PT J AU Bryan, MG Elston, DM Hivnor, C Honl, BA AF Bryan, MG Elston, DM Hivnor, C Honl, BA TI Phaeohyphomycosis in a premature infant SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID PHEOHYPHOMYCOSIS AB We present a case of a premature infant who developed a cutaneous infection with a pigmented fungus that subsequently spread systemically. We discuss the diagnosis and management of this difficult condition. Fungal culture is slow and sensitivity testing is technically difficult. Often, therapy must be initiated based on the histologic appearance of the fungus. C1 USAF, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USA, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Bryan, MG (reprint author), USAF, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2000 VL 65 IS 3 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 294QR UT WOS:000085922300004 PM 10738632 ER PT J AU Schwab, RA Elston, DM AF Schwab, RA Elston, DM TI Topical imiquimod for recalcitrant facial flat warts SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID PAPILLOMAVIRUS AB Imiquimod is a unique topical therapeutic agent useful in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts (condyloma acuminata) in adults. The authors report a case of a 21-year-old woman who experienced complete clearance of recalcitrant facial flat warts after 3 weeks of therapy with topical imiquimod 5% cream. C1 USAF, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schwab, RA (reprint author), USAF, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2000 VL 65 IS 3 BP 160 EP 162 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 294QR UT WOS:000085922300008 PM 10738635 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Singer, D David-Bajar, K AF Schissel, DJ Singer, D David-Bajar, K TI Azithromycin eruption in infectious mononucleosis: A proposed mechanism of interaction SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; RASH AB The penicillin family of antibiotics may induce drug eruptions when prescribed to patients with infectious mononucleosis. Very similar phenomena have also been cited with other antibiotic families. We report the first case of a cutaneous reaction in a patient with infectious mononucleosis treated with azithromycin. We propose an immune-based hypothesis ro explain the transient sensitivity resulting in this secondary cutaneous eruption. C1 USA Med Dept Act, Dept Dermatol, Heidelberg, Germany. 3rd Special Forces Grp Airborne, Fort Bragg, NC USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), USA Med Dept Act, Dept Dermatol, Heidelberg, Germany. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2000 VL 65 IS 3 BP 163 EP 166 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 294QR UT WOS:000085922300009 PM 10738636 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, LM Moore, CM Fujiwara, N Christ, MJ Gries, DM Nakamura, KT AF Iwamoto, LM Moore, CM Fujiwara, N Christ, MJ Gries, DM Nakamura, KT TI m-Hydroxy benzoylecgonine recovery in fetal guinea pigs SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID COCAINE METABOLITE BENZOYLECGONINE; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; CEREBRAL-ARTERIES; MECONIUM; EXPOSURE; PERMEABILITY; TISSUE; RATS AB Recently, meta-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (m-OH BE) was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy during quantitative analysis for cocaine. Identification of m-OH BE in addition to the routinely identified benzoylecgonine by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy confirmatory assays may increase detection of cocaine-exposed infants and decrease false negative results. However, it is not known whether m-OH BE is derived directly from benzoylecgonine or from hydroxylated cocaine, or whether this metabolite is produced in the fetus or transferred across the placenta from the maternal circulation. We quantitated the recovery of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and m-OH BE from amniotic fluid, fetal meconium, fetal intestine, and maternal urine for up to 4 days after single dose administration of either cocaine or benzoylecgonine to pregnant time-bred guinea pigs. m-OH BE was recovered from meconium after maternal injections of cocaine and benzoylecgonine. There was no significant detection of m-OH BE from amniotic fluid or intestine and minimal recovery from maternal urine after either cocaine or benzoylecgonine administration. Detection of m-OH BE in meconium increased the identification of in utero exposed guinea pigs, and the greatest yield of m-OH BE from meconium occurred later than that observed for cocaine or benzoylecgonine. C1 Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Clin Invest Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Mecstat Labs, Des Plaines, IL USA. RP Iwamoto, LM (reprint author), Dept Pediat, 1319 Punahou St,Suite 722, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 28 IS 3 BP 335 EP 338 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 285PA UT WOS:000085396400014 PM 10681379 ER PT J AU Arness, MK Feighner, BH Canham, ML Taylor, DN Monroe, SS Cieslak, TJ Hoedebecke, EL Polyak, CS Cuthie, JC Fankhauser, RL Humphrey, CD Barker, TL Jenkins, CD Skillman, DR AF Arness, MK Feighner, BH Canham, ML Taylor, DN Monroe, SS Cieslak, TJ Hoedebecke, EL Polyak, CS Cuthie, JC Fankhauser, RL Humphrey, CD Barker, TL Jenkins, CD Skillman, DR TI Norwalk-like viral gastroenteritis outbreak in US Army trainees SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; CALICIVIRUSES; ASTROVIRUSES; PERSPECTIVE AB An outbreak of acute gastroenteritis hospitalized 99 (12%) of 835 U.S. Army trainees at Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas, from August 27 to September 1, 1998. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests for Norwalk-like virus were positive for genogroup 2. Gastroenteritis was associated with one post dining facility and with soft drinks. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Edgewood, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Arness, MK (reprint author), PSC 10 Box 554, APO, AE 09142 USA. OI Monroe, Stephan/0000-0002-5424-716X NR 14 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 6 IS 2 BP 204 EP 207 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 308AZ UT WOS:000086687500018 PM 10756159 ER PT J AU Fenton, C Tang, M Poth, M AF Fenton, C Tang, M Poth, M TI Review of precocious puberty part I: Gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID SEXUAL PRECOCITY; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; HORMONE ANALOG; ADULT HEIGHT; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY; RISK AB Puberty is the process of physical maturation manifested by an increase in growth rate and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. Precocious puberty is a common problem evaluated by pediatric endocrinologists, but the longterm implications of the decision to treat or not to treat affect the Life-long health care of these children. This series of three articles will review some aspects of the presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic options of precocious puberty and address the potential consequences for the adolescent and adult patient with a history of early puberty. The first of these articles will briefly discuss normal pubertal development as well as gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Howard Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Poth, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD MAR PY 2000 VL 10 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1097/00019616-200010020-00005 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 302EE UT WOS:000086351800005 ER PT J AU Malaeb, ZA Summers, JK Pugesek, BH AF Malaeb, ZA Summers, JK Pugesek, BH TI Using structural equation modeling to investigate relationships among ecological variables SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis; indicator variables; latent variables; measurement errors; measurement models; path analysis; regression analysis; structural equation modeling; structural models ID MARINE AB Structural equation modeling is an advanced multivariate statistical process with which a researcher can construct theoretical concepts, test their measurement reliability, hypothesize and test a theory about their relationships, take into account measurement errors, and consider both direct and indirect effects of variables on one another. Latent variables are theoretical concepts that unite phenomena under a single term, e.g., ecosystem health, environmental condition, and pollution (Bollen, 1989). Latent variables are not measured directly but can be expressed in terms of one or more directly measurable variables called indicators. For some researchers, defining, constructing, and examining the validity of latent variables may be the end task of itself. For others, testing hypothesized relationships of latent variables may be of interest. We analyzed the correlation matrix of eleven environmental variables from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program for Estuaries (EMAP-E) using methods of structural equation modeling. We hypothesized and tested a conceptual model to characterize the interdependencies between four latent variables-sediment contamination, natural variability, biodiversity, and growth potential. In particular, we were interested in measuring the direct, indirect, and total effects of sediment contamination and natural variability on biodiversity and growth potential. The model fit the data well and accounted for 81% of the variability in biodiversity and 69% of the variability in growth potential. It revealed a positive total effect of natural variability on growth potential that otherwise would have been judged negative had we not considered indirect effects. That is, natural variability had a negative direct effect on growth potential of magnitude -0.3251 and a positive indirect effect mediated through biodiversity of magnitude 0.4509, yielding a net positive total effect of 0.1258. Natural variability had a positive direct effect on biodiversity of magnitude 0.5347 and a negative indirect effect mediated through growth potential of magnitude -0.1105 yielding a positive total effects of magnitude 0.4242. Sediment contamination had a negative direct effect on biodiversity of magnitude -0.1956 and a negative indirect effect on growth potential via biodiversity of magnitude -0.067. Biodiversity had a positive effect on growth potential of magnitude 0.8432, and growth potential had a positive effect on biodiversity of magnitude 0.3398. The correlation between biodiversity and growth potential was estimated at 0.7658 and that between sediment contamination and natural variability at -0.3769. C1 US Dept Interior, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Gulf Breeze Project Off, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. US Dept Interior, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Malaeb, ZA (reprint author), US Dept Def, USA, Safety Ctr, Bldg 4905,5th Ave, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RI Rohlf, F/A-8710-2008 NR 23 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 22 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1352-8505 J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT JI Environ. Ecol. Stat. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 93 EP 111 DI 10.1023/A:1009662930292 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 303FY UT WOS:000086412900007 ER PT J AU Ravikrishna, R Choy, BC Valsaraj, KT Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM AF Ravikrishna, R Choy, BC Valsaraj, KT Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM TI The efficiency of capping to control air emissions from exposed contaminated sediments and dredged material SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE capping; contaminated sediment; flux; retardation factor; effective diffusivity ID DIFFUSION; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; VAPORS; SOILS AB Experiments were conducted to ascertain the effects of the use of two different types of capping materials on the air emissions of semivolatile organic compounds from exposed, contaminated dredged material such as those occurring in a CDF. A 4-cm sand cap and a 2-cm fine-grained sediment cap were used to reduce emissions from sediment inoculated with dibenzofuran, phenanthrene, and pyrene. The experiments were performed in a flux chamber. The sediment was sectioned after the experiment to obtain the spatial concentration profiles in the contaminated layer and the cap layer. The fluxes of dibenzofuran, phenanthrene, and pyrene showed reductions of 90, 94, and 95%, respectively, after 3 months in the presence of a sediment cap compared to uncapped sediment. The model prediction of the flux and the concentration profiles was satisfactory. The porosity of the cap and the partitioning of the organic compound between the pore air and the cap material had the largest effect on flux through the cap. The model can be used to evaluate cap selection. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Gordon A & Mary Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Sydney, Dept Chem Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39181 USA. RP Valsaraj, KT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Gordon A & Mary Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM valsaraj@che.lsu.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 17 IS 2 BP 97 EP 106 DI 10.1089/ees.2000.17.97 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 299UZ UT WOS:000086217400003 ER PT J AU Liu, D Raju, BB AF Liu, D Raju, BB TI Effects of joining techniques on impact perforation resistance of assembled composite plates SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE composites; joining; impact; perforation; energy absorption ID PENETRATION AB A previous study on impact response of composite laminates concluded that impact perforation was the most important damage stage in composite laminates subjected to impact loading, since impact characteristics (peak force, contact duration and absorbed energy) and mechanical properties degradation of composite laminates reached critical points once perforation took place. It was also found that thickness had a greater influence on impact perforation resistance than did in-plane dimensions. However, as the composite laminates became very thick, the manufacturing cost for obtaining high-quality composite laminates increased. In an effort to meet design requirements and reduce manufacturing costs, assembled composite plates, which were organized by assembling multiple thin composite laminates, were considered as alternatives for thick single-laminate composite plates. Various joining techniques including mechanical riveting, adhesive bonding and stitch joining, and their combinations, were used in assembling two- and three-laminate plates. Experimental results revealed that adhesive bonding outperformed other joining techniques. Although good bonding resulted in higher joining (bending) stiffness and subsequently higher perforation thresholds, increasing the laminate thickness or the number of laminates was found to be more efficient in raising perforation threshold than in improving the joining stiffness. The assembled three-laminate plates were found to have higher perforation thresholds than their thick single-laminate counterpart. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USA, Tank Automot Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Liu, D (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 40 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 DI 10.1007/BF02327547 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 290FV UT WOS:000085666400008 ER PT J AU Patel, A Fenton, C Ramirez, R Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Nikiforov, YE Francis, GL AF Patel, A Fenton, C Ramirez, R Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Nikiforov, YE Francis, GL TI Tyrosine kinase expression is increased in papillary thyroid carcinoma of children and young adults SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Thyroid Cancer CY OCT 07-10, 1998 CL LINZ, AUSTRIA DE tyrosine kinase; cancer; neoplasia; thyroid cancer; review ID HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN PANCREATIC-CANCER; RET PROTOONCOGENE; FACTOR RECEPTOR; PROTEIN-KINASE; CELL-LINES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BLADDER-CANCER; HIGH-FREQUENCY AB Tyrosine kinases (TKs) are important candidate genes for malignant transformation and at least 21 different TKs have been identified in the thyroid gland. We hypothesized that the collective activity of these TKs might be increased in thyroid carcinoma and have association with the clinical behavior of individual tumors. To test this, we determined TK expression by immunohistochemistry in 74 archival thyroid tissue blocks (48 papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC; 9 follicular thyroid carcinoma, FTC; 17 benign thyroid diseases) from children and young adults. Mean TK expression was greater for PTC (2.1 +/- 0.11) than benign lesions (1.6 +/- 0.2, p = 0.027), and also tended to be greater in ETC (2.1 +/- 0.25, p = 0.12). Recurrence risk was three-fold greater for PTC with intense TK expression (4/15, 27%) than for PTC with minimal - moderate TK expression (3/33, 9.0%). However, this was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). In PTC, TK expression correlated with expression of the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (cMET, r = 0.31, p = 0.044). In FTC, TK expression did not correlate with cMET, but tended to be greater in young patients (r= -0.59, p = 0.09). We conclude that TK expression is increased in PTC and possibly associated with an increased recurrence risk. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI MANHASSET PA C/O NORTH SHORE UNIV HOSPITAL, BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER, 350 COMMUNITY DR, MANHASSET, NY 11030 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI JI Front. Biosci. PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 5 BP A1 EP A9 DI 10.2741/Patel PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 343KT UT WOS:000088702100001 PM 10702379 ER PT J AU Guebre-Xabier, M Yang, SQ Lin, HZ Schwenk, R Krzych, U Diehl, AM AF Guebre-Xabier, M Yang, SQ Lin, HZ Schwenk, R Krzych, U Diehl, AM TI Altered hepatic lymphocyte subpopulations in obesity-related murine fatty livers: Potential mechanism for sensitization to liver damage SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; JEJUNOILEAL BYPASS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MORBID-OBESITY; IL-12; LEPTIN; INJURY; GAMMA; STEATOHEPATITIS AB Although obesity-related fatty livers are vulnerable to damage from endotoxin, the mechanisms involved remain obscure, The purpose of this study was to determine if immunologic priming might be involved by determining if fatty livers resemble normal livers that have been sensitized to endotoxin damage by Propionibacterium acnes infection. The latter induces interleukin (IL)-12 and -18, causing a selective reduction of CD4+NK T cells, diminished IL-4 production, deficient production of T-helper type 2 (Th-2) cytokines (e.g,, IL-10), and excessive production of Th-l cytokines (e.g,, interferon gamma [IFN-gamma]). Liver and spleen lymphocyte populations and hepatic cytokine production were compared in genetically obese, ob/ob mice (a model for obesity-related fatty liver) and lean mice. Obese mice have a selective reduction of hepatic CD4+NK T cells. Serum IL-18 is also increased basally, and the hepatic mRNA levels of IL-18 and -12 are greater after endotoxin challenge. Thus, up-regulation of IL-18 and IL-12 in fatty livers may reduce hepatic CD4+NK T cells. In addition, mononuclear cells from fatty livers have decreased expression of the adhesion molecule, leukocyte factor antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is necessary for the hepatic accumulation of CD4+NK T cells. Consistent with reduced numbers of hepatic CD4+NK T cells, mononuclear cells from fatty livers produce less IL-4, Furthermore, after endotoxin treatment, hepatic induction of IL-10 is inhibited, while that of IFN-gamma is enhanced. Thus, fatty livers have inherent immunologic alterations that may predispose them to damage from endotoxin and other insults that induce a proinflammatory cytokine response. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Diehl, AM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ross 912,720 Rutland St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R55DK53792] NR 47 TC 134 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 31 IS 3 BP 633 EP 640 DI 10.1002/hep.510310313 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 289JY UT WOS:000085618500012 PM 10706553 ER PT J AU Jefford, CW Rossier, JC Milhous, WK AF Jefford, CW Rossier, JC Milhous, WK TI The structure and antimalarial activity of some 1,2,4-trioxanes, 1,2,4,5-tetroxanes, and bicyclic endoperoxides. Implications for the mode of action SO HETEROCYCLES LA English DT Article ID CIS-FUSED CYCLOPENTENO-1,2,4-TRIOXANES; CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT PARASITES; SYNTHETIC 1,2,4-TRIOXANES; RODENT MALARIA; CHEMOTHERAPY; ARTEMISININ; DERIVATIVES; PEROXIDES; MECHANISM; POTENT AB The mode of antimalarial action of cis-fused cyclopenteno-1,2,4-trioxanes (7-13), dispiro-1,2,4,5-tetroxanes (14-17), and bridged bicyclic endoperoxides (18-22) was examined by systematically changing substituents at positions remote from the O-O bond. It is concluded that peroxides of high activity (7-11, 14-15, 18, and 19) are able to intimately dock on heme and rearrange efficiently to an ethyl radical which kills the parasite by alkylation. Dimethyl substituents on the spirocyclohexane ring in the trioxanes (12 and 13) and tetroxane (16) diminish activity by hampering either docking or the reactivity of a C-centered radical. Endoperoxides derived from methylnaphthalenes (20-22) are inactive owing to their inability to generate an ethyl radical. C1 Univ Geneva, Dept Organ Chem, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jefford, CW (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Organ Chem, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. NR 27 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0385-5414 J9 HETEROCYCLES JI Heterocycles PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1345 EP + PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 310EN UT WOS:000086813700037 ER PT J AU Perry, B Baden, JM Hale, DJ AF Perry, B Baden, JM Hale, DJ TI Effectiveness of MMW aerosols in defeating a battlefield surveillance radar - Field demonstration preliminary results SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The US Army Edgewood Research Development and Engineering Center (ERDEC) is developing advanced aerosol systems to combat threat surveillance, fire control, and seeker systems operating in the visible, infrared, and millimeter wave portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. One such system is the M56 multispectral smoke generator, which presently operates in the visible and infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum; a millimeter wave (MMW) Module is in development by ERDEC to extend the M56 spectral range. This paper documents preliminary results of a Field Demonstration Test of the M56 MMW Module, conducted during the summer of 1998 at Eglin Air Force Base (AFB). An MMW instrumentation radar developed by the US Air Force 46(th) Test Wing, MMW Division was modified to simulate the scan pattern and radar parameters of a tactical battlefield surveillance radar system. A Test Grid was populated with both stationary and moving tactical targets, and the radar scanned the grid to simulate a surveillance radar in operation. Once a realistic tactical engagement scenario was developed, MMW aerosols were deployed to demonstrate the impact such aerosols could have on radar detection and classification performance. C1 Georgia Tech Res Inst, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. USA, Edgewood Res & Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Perry, B (reprint author), Georgia Tech Res Inst, 7220 Richardson Rd, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. OI Baden, John/0000-0002-4915-9317 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 15 IS 3 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1109/62.831185 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 297EW UT WOS:000086069800003 ER PT J AU Patil, AS Jacobs, R AF Patil, AS Jacobs, R TI US Army small fuel cell development program SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB This presentation includes results of fuel cell research activities sponsored by the US Army for the last three years. It outlines current efforts and future plans. The soldier's increasing power demands dictate that alternatives to batteries be exploited wherever possible. Fuel cells promise significant advantages in terms of weight, coupled with cost and/or logistics benefits. Considerable progress has been made in reducing size and weight of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The supply of hydrogen to PEM fuel cells has been one of the key barriers to introducing fuel cells to the military. The discussion will focus on several approaches being pursued. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22065 USA. RP Patil, AS (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, 10108 Gridley Rd,Suite 1, Ft Belvoir, VA 22065 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 15 IS 3 BP 35 EP 37 DI 10.1109/62.831188 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 297EW UT WOS:000086069800006 ER PT J AU Mu, RM Grigoryan, VS Menyuk, CR Carter, GM Jacob, JM AF Mu, RM Grigoryan, VS Menyuk, CR Carter, GM Jacob, JM TI Comparison of theory and experiment for dispersion-managed solitons in a recirculating fiber loop SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE amplitude margin; amplified spontaneous emission noise; dispersion-managed soliton (DMS); excess gain; filter; phase margin; pulse dynamics; timing jitter ID ENHANCED-POWER SOLITONS; TIMING-JITTER REDUCTION; COMMUNICATION-SYSTEMS; TRANSMISSION-SYSTEMS; AVERAGE DISPERSION; OPTICAL FIBERS; SATURABLE ABSORPTION; PULSE-PROPAGATION; COMPENSATION; DYNAMICS AB We have developed a model that accurately predicts the dynamics of the signal pulses and the growth of amplified spontaneous emission noise in a dispersion-managed soliton pulse train propagating in a recirculating fiber-loop experiment. Theoretically predicted dependencies of the amplitude and phase margins for the marks and the amplitude margin for the spaces as a function of distance are in remarkable agreement with the experiments. This model allows us to determine the key physical effects that limit the propagation distance in our experiments. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Mu, RM (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 38 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 6 IS 2 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1109/2944.847760 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 330TT UT WOS:000087977800006 ER PT J AU Horowitz, M Menyuk, CR Carruthers, TF Duling, IN AF Horowitz, M Menyuk, CR Carruthers, TF Duling, IN TI Pulse dropout in harmonically mode-locked fiber lasers SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE mode-locked lasers; nonlinear optics; optical fiber lasers; pulsed lasers solitons ID SOLITONS AB We have studied theoretically and experimentally supermode competition in an actively mode-locked Er-fiber laser that operates in a high harmonic mode. Using an innovative numerical technique that allows us to properly account for the complex interaction of multiple pulses with the gain media, ive could study the dynamics that leads to supermode competition, pulse dropouts, and pulse pair generation, and to accurately predict the Limits of the stable operating regime. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USARL, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Horowitz, M (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 3 BP 266 EP 268 DI 10.1109/68.826909 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 297DZ UT WOS:000086067700014 ER PT J AU Swami, A Sadler, BM AF Swami, A Sadler, BM TI Hierarchical digital modulation classification using cumulants SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC 97) CY APR 16-18, 1997 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Ecole Natl Super Telecommun, NSF, ONR DE classification; higher order statistics; modulation ID SIGNALS; NOISE AB A simple method, based on elementary fourth-order cumulants, is proposed for the classification of digital modulation schemes. These statistics are natural in this setting as they characterize the shape of the distribution of the noisy baseband I and Q samples. It is shown that cumulant-based classification is particularly effective when used in a hierarchical scheme, enabling separation into subclasses at low signal-to-noise ratio with small sample size. Thus, the method can be used as a preliminary classifier if desired. Computational complexity is order N, where N is the number of complex baseband data samples. This method is robust in the presence of carrier phase and frequency offsets and can be implemented recursively. Theoretical arguments are verified via extensive simulations and comparisons with existing approaches. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS TA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Swami, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS TA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM a.swami@ieee.org NR 32 TC 343 Z9 445 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0090-6778 J9 IEEE T COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Commun. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 48 IS 3 BP 416 EP 429 DI 10.1109/26.837045 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 301CG UT WOS:000086290100012 ER PT J AU Das, NC Choi, KK AF Das, NC Choi, KK TI Enhanced corrugated QWIP performance using dielectric coverage SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE photodetectors; quantum well ID WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; DEPOSITION AB We report here the effect of dielectric/metal coverage on the performance of the corrugated quantum well infrared photodetectors (C-QWIP) in two wavelength regimes. We found that with proper nonabsorbing dielectrics, both the detector dark current and the spectral responsivity can be improved upon the monitoring 45 degrees edge coupled QWIP. In the 8 mu m regime, the normalized responsivity of a Si3N4 covered C-QWIP was found to be improved by 3.3 times. In the 14 mu m regime, the improvement is a factor of 1.8 using Si3N4, coverage and a factor of 2.5 using SiO2 coverage. C1 Raytheon Co, STX, Lanham, MD 20760 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), Raytheon Co, STX, Lanham, MD 20760 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD MAR PY 2000 VL 47 IS 3 BP 653 EP 655 DI 10.1109/16.824745 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 291YA UT WOS:000085766300025 ER PT J AU O'Neill, K AF O'Neill, K TI Broadband bistatic coherent and incoherent detection of buried objects beneath randomly rough surfaces SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE angular correlation function; buried objects; ground penetrating radar (GPR); radar; rough surface; subsurface ID ANGULAR-CORRELATION FUNCTION; WAVE SCATTERING; DISCRETE SCATTERERS AB This paper investigates the application of angular correlation function (ACF) processing for target detection when a metallic object beneath a randomly rough soil surface is sought by ground penetrating radar (GPR). ACF processing is an inherently coherent and multistatic approach. Here we compare its results; to those from candidate multistatic incoherent processing strategies. In 2-D numerical simulations, we assume that the antennas are elevated above the soil surface, and that the only significant source of environmental randomness is the soil surface roughness. To expand the basis for the ACF, averaging is performed over both frequency and limited spatial shift. We take pains to use realistic GPR problem parameters, together with relevant and varied target geometries. Results are evaluated over an ensemble of geometrical realizations to gain some statistical picture of each method's behavior and performance. Under the parameter limitations applied here, combined frequency and spatial averaging are required to produce recognizable ACF behavior Contrary to expectations, the ACF processing performs best in the vicinity of the "memory line," not when we avoid it. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP O'Neill, K (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2000 VL 38 IS 2 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1109/36.841972 PN 2 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 304TG UT WOS:000086499800001 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Pentoxifylline inhibits ICAM-1 expression and chemokine production induced by proinflammatory cytokines in human pulmonary epithelial cells SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemokines; ICAM-1; pentoxifylline; pulmonary epithelial cells ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; CHEMOTACTIC CYTOKINES; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; FACTOR-ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN-8; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; DEXAMETHASONE; LINES; LUNG AB Airway epithelium participates in inflammatory reactions by producing chemokines and expressing cell-surface adhesion molecules which aid in the selective recruitment of effector cells. Previous studies showed that proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), induce surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and the production of the chemokines interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) on pulmonary epithelial cell lines in vitro. In this study, the dose response of four cytokines, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF alpha and TNF beta, in inducing ICAM-1 expression and production of IL-8 and MCP-I on pulmonary A549 epithelial cells was examined. Both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta induced ICAM-1 expression and IL-8 and MCP-I production at lower doses than TNF alpha or TNF beta. Pentoxifylline, an anti-inflammatory agent used to treat vascular diseases, was tested fur its ability to inhibit the activation of airway epithelial cells by these cytokines. Pentoxifylline completely inhibited the surface expression of ICAM-1 and the production of IL-8 and MCP-I by cytokine-activated epithelial cells. As elevated levels of chemokines are often present in bronchial lavage fluids of patients suffering from various acute respiratory diseases, pentoxifylline may be useful for preventing the rapid development of immune reactions leading to lung injury. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Bldg 1425, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0162-3109 J9 IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY JI Immunopharmacology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 46 IS 3 BP 253 EP 261 DI 10.1016/S0162-3109(99)00186-1 PG 9 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 284AT UT WOS:000085309100007 PM 10741905 ER PT J AU Paquette, E Preston, D Horton, M Mcleod, D AF Paquette, E Preston, D Horton, M Mcleod, D TI Epididymal granulomatous abscess as a late complication of intravesical BCG immunotherapy SO INFECTIONS IN UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacille Calmette-Guerin; orchitis; complications, drug-related ID BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; SUPERFICIAL BLADDER-TUMORS; THERAPY; CANCER AB Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been used successfully for more than 20 years in the treatment of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In a rare case, an epididymal granulomatous abscess developed in a patient who had been treated 5 years earlier with BCG. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Paquette, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0896-9647 J9 INFECT UROL JI Infect. Urol. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 13 IS 2 BP 54 EP 56 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Urology & Nephrology SC Infectious Diseases; Urology & Nephrology GA 294RY UT WOS:000085925200006 ER PT J AU Jansen, BJ Spink, A Saracevic, T AF Jansen, BJ Spink, A Saracevic, T TI Real life, real users, and real needs: a study and analysis of user queries on the web SO INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID WORLD-WIDE-WEB; SEARCH AB We analyzed transaction logs containing 51,473 queries posed by 18,113 users of Excite, a major Internet search service. We provide data on: (i) sessions - changes in queries during a session, number of pages viewed, and use of relevance feedback; (ii) queries - the number of search terms, and the use of logic and modifiers; and (iii) terms - their rank/frequency distribution and the most highly used search terms, We then shift the focus of analysis from the query to the user to gain insight to the characteristics of the Web user. With these characteristics as a basis, we then conducted a failure analysis, identifying trends among user mistakes. We conclude with a summary of findings and a discussion of the implications of these findings. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Sch Commun Informat & Lib Studies, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Spink, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. OI Jansen, Bernard/0000-0002-6468-6609 NR 20 TC 549 Z9 566 U1 5 U2 81 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-4573 EI 1873-5371 J9 INFORM PROCESS MANAG JI Inf. Process. Manage. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 36 IS 2 BP 207 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0306-4573(99)00056-4 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 285WM UT WOS:000085411400002 ER PT J AU Bova, SW Breshears, CP Cuicchi, CE Demirbilek, Z Gabb, HA AF Bova, SW Breshears, CP Cuicchi, CE Demirbilek, Z Gabb, HA TI Dual-level parallel analysis of harbor wave response using MPI and OpenMP SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The authors describe their experiences converting an existing serial production code to a parallel code combining both MPI and OpenMP. Such dual-level parallel codes will be able to take full advantage of the emerging class of high performance computer architectures using small clusters of shared-memory processors connected via a message-passing network. While the focus is restricted to a harbor response simulation code, the techniques presented herein are appropriate for a broad class of applications that explore a parameter space. The code modifications reduced the execution time of one test case from 3100 minutes on a single CPU to just over 12 minutes on 256 CPUs. Results demonstrate that dual-level parallelism allows substantial increases in model resolution combined with improvements in simulation turnaround time but, contrary to conventional wisdom, requires very little source code alteration. C1 USA, ERDC Major Shared Resource Ctr, Computat Sci & Engn Grp, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. USA, ERDC Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Comp Sci Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. RP Breshears, CP (reprint author), USA, ERDC Major Shared Resource Ctr, Computat Sci & Engn Grp, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,CEERD-IH-N, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. OI Gabb, Henry/0000-0002-9507-4250 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 49 EP 64 DI 10.1177/109434200001400104 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 279RY UT WOS:000085060000004 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Hudak, C Tashko, G Sweet, W Farb, A Virmani, R AF Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Hudak, C Tashko, G Sweet, W Farb, A Virmani, R TI The 90-day coronary vascular response to Y-90-beta particle-emitting stents in the canine model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stents; radiotherapy; radioisotopes; restenosis; revascularization ID INHIBITS NEOINTIMA FORMATION; ARTERY BALLOON INJURY; GROWTH-FACTOR BETA-1; LOW-DOSE IRRADIATION; INTRACORONARY IRRADIATION; RESTENOSIS MODEL; PORCINE MODEL; RADIATION; PROLIFERATION; PREVENTION AB Purpose: Long-term preclinical studies using continuous, low-dose-rate vascular brachytherapy with P-32 beta-emitting stents have yielded largely disappointing results. In contrast, a shorter half-life, higher dose-rate Y-90 beta-emitting stent more closely mimics the delivery dose rate characteristics of clinically effective beta- and gamma-wire and balloon brachytherapy devices. We evaluated the dose response characteristics of a Y-90 beta- emitting stent in the canine coronary injury model and hypothesized that this device would reduce neointimal formation. Methods: Seventy-seven Y-90 beta-emitting coronary stents (15 mm BXTM, 3.0- and 3.5-mm diameter) were implanted in 26 normal dogs (20-25 kg) using a randomized, blinded study design. Stent activity included nonradioactive controls (n = 24), 4.5 mu Ci (n = 15), 8 mu Ci (n = 12), 16 mu Ci (n = 18), and 32 mu Ci (n = 8). Histologic endpoints were assessed at 3 months. Results: Luminal stenosis and neointimal area were similar in control stents and low-activity (4.5 and 8 mu Ci) 90Y stents. Higher activity stents (16 and 32 mu Ci) were associated with significant adverse effects. Frequent total occlusions (5 of 18 stents, 28%;p = 0.008) and a 40% increase in neointimal area (p = 0.024 vs. control) occurred in the 16 mu Ci group. Incomplete neointimal healing and a trend for reduced neointimal cell density were evident only in the 16- and 32-mu Ci group. Conclusion: Despite unique characteristics (2.7 day half-life and a higher dose rate) of Y-90 beta-emitting coronary stents, they have an adverse effect on neointimal formation, including frequent total occlusions at high activity levels. Incomplete healing, present 90 days (33 half-lives) after stent placement, indicates prolonged recovery from radiation injury. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Isostent Inc, Belmont, CA USA. RP Virmani, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, 14th St & Alaska Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2000 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1019 EP 1024 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00415-0 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 293JJ UT WOS:000085848100027 PM 10705025 ER PT J AU Kesavan, J Bascom, R Laube, B Swift, DL AF Kesavan, J Bascom, R Laube, B Swift, DL TI The relationship between particle deposition in the anterior nasal passage and nasal passage characteristics SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG LA English DT Article DE particle deposition; nostril dimensions; nasal passage dimensions ID ACOUSTIC RHINOMETRY; INHALED PARTICLES; CLEARANCE; DROPLETS; GEOMETRY; PATTERN AB The objective of this study was to examine the effects of nasal passage characteristics on anterior particle deposition during cyclical breathing. Forty healthy, nonsmoking, adult subjects participated in this study. Nasal passage characteristics such as nostril length, width, angle, ellipticity, and minimum nasal cross-sectional area were measured. The subjects inhaled a polydisperse radioactively tagged aerosol (mass median aerodynamic diameter = 5.4 mu m, geometric standard deviation [GSD] = 1.3) into the nose and exhaled through the mouth. The amount of radioactivity in the nose was measured immediately after inhalation and thereafter for 54 minutes. At 52.5 minutes, subjects wiped the accessible portion of the anterior nose to remove any remaining activity. The difference in activity at 52 and 54 minutes was used as a measure of activity removed during the nose wipe. Percentage of activity in the nasal passage at 52 minutes and percentage of activity removed with the nose wipe were considered surrogates for particles deposited in the anterior nasal passage. A multiple regression analysis showed that the degree of ellipticity of the nostrils was significantly related to particle deposition in the anterior nasal passage. These results suggest that ellipticity of the nostrils may be a determinant of the amount of particle deposition in the anterior nasal passage. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Div Environm Hlth Engn, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Kesavan, J (reprint author), USA, ECBC, AMSSB RRT E5951, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0894-2684 J9 J AEROSOL MED JI J. Aerosol Med.-Depos. Clear. Eff. Lung PD SPR PY 2000 VL 13 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1089/jam.2000.13.17 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA 295NC UT WOS:000085973300003 PM 10947320 ER PT J AU Schmitz, FH Boxwell, DA Lewy, S Caplot, M Splettstoesser, WR Schultz, KJ AF Schmitz, FH Boxwell, DA Lewy, S Caplot, M Splettstoesser, WR Schultz, KJ TI Model helicopter rotor aerodynamics and acoustics as measured in two anechoic wind tunnels SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID BLADE-VORTEX INTERACTION; PREDICTION AB The qualities that are important for helicopter impulsive noise wind-tunnel testing are evaluated by comparing aerodynamic and acoustic data gathered on a single-scaled model main rotor that was tested in two open-jet wind anechoic willd tunnels of markedly different size: the CEPRA 19 tunnel in France and the DNW in The Netherlands. The rotor was instrumented with miniature blade-mounted pressure transducers and was tested on the same rotor test stand located within the flow of both open-jet wind tunnels. In-the-Bow rotor acoustic signatures and selected on-blade dynamic pressure signatures are presented for each facility and discussed in relation to the differences in tunnel geometry, tunnel flow quality, and the aeroacoustic characteristics of each facility. This comparison shows that low background noise levels, a large in-the-Bow anechoic measurement space, and low inflow turbulence to the rotor are necessary to yield high quality aerodynamic and acoustic data. The best match of acoustic data between the two facilities occurs when the tip-path plane of the rotor is chosen to match closely dynamic blade-surface-mounted pressures. Achieving a good match between scaled wind-tunnel acoustics and in-Eight measurements are shown to be more difficult: Agreement is reasonably good at low advance ratios but marginal at higher advance ratios. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. DLR, German Aerosp Res Ctr, Inst Design Aerodynam, Tech Acoust Dept, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany. Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Computat Fluid Dynam & Aeroacoust Dept, F-92322 Chatillon, France. Thomson CSF, Radar & Countermeasures Div, F-78852 Elancourt, France. RP Schmitz, FH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 37 IS 2 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.2514/2.2612 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 302YP UT WOS:000086394300007 ER PT J AU Pokines, JT AF Pokines, JT TI Microfaunal research design in the Cantabrian Spanish Paleolithic SO JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPAIN; RECOVERY; CAVE AB Changing levels of paleoenvironmental inference are detailed for the site of El Juyo, a Cantabrian Spanish Lower Magdalenian cave site occupied c. 14,000 B.P. The succession of these changes represents stages in the history of Cantabrian Spanish Paleolithic microfaunal investigations as a whole. These stages are divided by component of overall microfaunal recovery: mapped, coarse screen, and fine screen. Inference has progressed from the initial stage early this century of the fortuitous collection of indicator species, represented by microfauna detected and mapped during excavation of El Juyo. Coarse screening leads to significant microfaunal recovery. This level of inference is analogous to a middle stage in the history of microfaunal research in the Cantabrian Spanish Paleolithic. The addition of microfauna derived from fine screening of El Juyo deposits represents maximal recovery and a new stage in the history of microfaunal investigations. This level of recovery allows taphonomic determination of the primary agency of microfaunal accumulation close estimation of the surrounding habitat types, and new inferences concerning season of habitation and small faunal exploitation. C1 Field Museum, Div Mammals, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Pokines, JT (reprint author), Field Museum, Div Mammals, Roosevelt Rd & Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. OI Pokines, James/0000-0002-0406-420X NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA DEPT ANTHROPOLOGY, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131-1561 USA SN 0091-7710 J9 J ANTHROPOL RES JI J. Anthropol. Res. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 56 IS 1 BP 95 EP 112 PG 18 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA 302KM UT WOS:000086364300008 ER PT J AU Chu, D Jiang, R Walker, C AF Chu, D Jiang, R Walker, C TI Analysis of PEM fuel cell stacks using an empirical current-voltage equation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fuel cell stack; mass transfer; PEMFC; strip design fuel cell ID PERFORMANCE AB An empirical equation was developed to describe the electrode processes (activation, ohmic and mass-transfer) of PEMFC stacks over the entire current range. The potential-current and power-current curves of a strip PEMFC stack were fitted with the empirical equation under a variety of experimental humidity, temperature and stack length conditions. The concept of mass transfer impedance was defined mathematically in the present research. For the strip PEMFC stack, mass transfer impedance was only important at high currents. With decreasing humidity the mass transfer impedance increased considerably. With increasing temperature or stack cell number the mass transfer impedance increased only slightly. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chu, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 3 BP 365 EP 370 DI 10.1023/A:1003905109007 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 297YG UT WOS:000086110200012 ER PT J AU Moran, ML Greenfield, RJ Arcone, SA Delaney, AJ AF Moran, ML Greenfield, RJ Arcone, SA Delaney, AJ TI Multidimensional GPR array processing using Kirchhoff migration SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR 98) CY MAY 27-30, 1998 CL UNIV KANSAS, LAWRENCE, KANSAS SP Univ Kansas HO UNIV KANSAS DE ground-penetrating radar; signal-to-noise ratio; Kirchhoff migration ID RADAR AB We compare the ability of several practical ground-penetrating radar (GPR) array processing methods to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), increase depth of signal penetration, and suppress out-of-plane arrivals for data with SNR of roughly 1. The methods include two-dimensional (2-D) monostatic, three-dimensional (3-D) monostatic, and 3-D bistatic Kirchhoff migration. The migration algorithm is modified to include the radiation pattern for interfacial dipoles. Results are discussed for synthetic and field data. The synthetic data model includes spatially coherent noise sources that yield nonstationary signal statistics like those observed in high noise GPR settings. Array results from the model data clearly indicate that resolution and noise suppression performance increases as array dimensionality increases. Using 50-MHz array data collected on a temperate glacier (Gulkana Glacier, AK), we compare 2-D and 3-D monostatic migration results. The data have low SNR and contain reflections from a complex, steeply dipping bed. We demonstrate that the glacier bed can only be accurately localized with the 3-D array. In addition, we show that the 3-D array increases SNR (relative to a 2-D array) by a factor of three. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Moran, ML (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 43 IS 2-4 BP 281 EP 295 DI 10.1016/S0926-9851(99)00065-8 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 294WG UT WOS:000085933000016 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ Brigham, PA Kayden, DA Heck, RT McManus, AT AF Barillo, DJ Brigham, PA Kayden, DA Heck, RT McManus, AT TI The fire-safe cigarette: A burn prevention tool SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; FATALITY; DEATHS; INJURY AB Cigarettes are the most common ignition source for fatal house fires, which cause approximately 29% of the fire deaths in the United States. A common scenario is the delayed ignition of a sofa, chair, or mattress by a lit cigarette that is forgotten or dropped by a smoker whose alertness is impaired by alcohol or medication. Cigarettes are designed to continue bunting when left unattended. If they are dropped on mattresses, upholstered furniture, or other combustible material while still burning, their propensity to start fires varies depending on the cigarette design and content. The term "fire-safe" has evolved to describe cigarettes designed to have a reduced propensity for igniting mattresses and upholstered furniture. Legislative interest in the development of fire-safe smoking materials has existed for more than 50 years. Studies that showed the technical and economic feasibility of commercial production of fire-safe cigarettes were completed more than 10 years ago. Despite this, commercial production of fire-safe smoking materials has not been undertaken. The current impasse relates to the lack of consensus on a uniform test method on which to base a standard for fire-safe cigarettes. Although the fire-safe cigarette is a potentially important burn prevention tool, commercial production of such cigarettes will not occur until a standard against which fire-starting performance can be measured has been mandated by law at the state or federal level. The burn care community can play a leadership role in such legislative efforts. C1 Amer Burn Assoc, Burn Prevent Comm, Chicago, IL USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 21 IS 2 BP 164 EP 170 DI 10.1097/00004630-200021020-00015 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 298BL UT WOS:000086119400015 ER PT J AU Fenton, CL Lukes, Y Nicholson, D Dinauer, CA Francis, GL Tuttle, RM AF Fenton, CL Lukes, Y Nicholson, D Dinauer, CA Francis, GL Tuttle, RM TI The ret/PTC mutations are common in sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma of children and young adults SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 01-04, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Pediat Acad Soc ID ONCOGENE REARRANGEMENTS; RET PROTOONCOGENE; CHERNOBYL; ACTIVATION; BYELARUS; PREVALENCE; ACCIDENT; FEATURES; TUMORS AB The ret/PTC rearrangements (PTC-1, PTC-3, and PTC-3) are characteristic of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In adults, PTC-1 is common and may be associated with an aggressive clinical course. The incidence and significance of ret/PTC mutations are less well understood in children. We examined spontaneous PTC from 33 patients (23 females and 10 males) with a median age of 18 yr (range, 6-21 yr) and a median follow-up of 3.5 yr (range, 0-13.4 yr). The ret/PTC mutations were identified in 15 tumors (45%), including 8 PTC-1 (8 of 15, 53%), 2 PTC-P (2 of 15, 13%), 2 PTC-3 (2 of 15, 13%), and 3 13 df 15, 20%) combined PTC mutations (PTC-1 and PTC-P). This distribution is significantly different (P = 0.001, by chi(2) analysis) from that reported for children with radiation-induced PTC. There was no correlation between the presence or type of ret/PTC mutation and patient age, tumor size, focality, extent of disease at diagnosis, or recurrence. We conclude that ret/PTC mutations are 1) common in sporadic childhood PTC, 2) predominantly PTC-1, 3) frequently multiple, and 4) of different distribution than that reported for children with radiation-induced PTC. C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Endocrine Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Endocrine Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Tuttle, RM (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Endocrine Serv, Box 419,1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM rmtuttle@hotmail.com NR 17 TC 125 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 85 IS 3 BP 1170 EP 1175 DI 10.1210/jc.85.3.1170 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 337WW UT WOS:000088387000043 PM 10720057 ER PT J AU Jagodzinski, LL Wiggins, DL McManis, JL Emery, S Overbaugh, J Robb, M Bodrug, S Michael, NL AF Jagodzinski, LL Wiggins, DL McManis, JL Emery, S Overbaugh, J Robb, M Bodrug, S Michael, NL TI Use of calibrated viral load standards for group m subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to assess the performance of viral RNA quantitation tests SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 GENETIC SUBTYPES; PLASMA; SWEDEN; ASSAY AB Optimal management of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease requires accurate quantitation of viral RNA concentrations in plasma. Evidence for increasing geographic intermixing of HIV-1 subtypes makes equivalent quantitation of all subtypes essential. The performances of six quantitative viral RNA tests are described, for the first time, with calibrated viral isolates of diverse subtypes. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Jagodzinski, LL (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI38518] NR 28 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 38 IS 3 BP 1247 EP 1249 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 291ND UT WOS:000085742200056 PM 10699033 ER PT J AU Zufelt, JE Ettema, R AF Zufelt, JE Ettema, R TI Fully coupled model of ice-jam dynamics SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID RIVER ICE AB This paper presents a numerical model that simulates the dynamic failure and re-formation of an ice jam. The model comprises a simultaneous solution of the 1D, unsteady Row equations (conservation of mass and momentum) for water now and ice motion. its use is demonstrated in the routing of flow hydrographs through a channel containing an initial jam or accumulation of broken ice. The model shows the extent to which changes in Row discharge may affect profiles of Jam thickness and flow depth for these situations. It also shows how ice momentum may affect the jam-thickness profile. Dimensionless parameters, characterizing initial jam stability and the shape of the hydrograph. are identified to indicate conditions when changes in Row discharge and ice momentum should be taken into account when estimating jam thickness. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa Inst Hydraul Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Zufelt, JE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 24 EP 41 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2000)14:1(24) PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 300LJ UT WOS:000086254200003 ER PT J AU Elston, DM McCollough, ML Warschaw, KE Bergfeld, WF AF Elston, DM McCollough, ML Warschaw, KE Bergfeld, WF TI Elastic tissue in scars and alopecia SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIBERS AB A recent report suggests that elastic fibers appear in scars in a time-dependent fashion. This observation prompted our investigation, because we have found elastic tissue stains helpful in determining the pattern of scarring in cases of permanent alopecia. We carried out this investigation to determine if the Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG) elastic stain can reliably differentiate scarred from non-scarred dermis and to test our hypothesis that elastic stained sections are helpful in distinguishing lichen planopilaris (LPP) from lupus erythematosus (LE), central progressive alopecia in black females ("follicular degeneration syndrome" and "hot comb alopecia" are other terms used to describe this condition) and classic ivory white idiopathic pseudopelade. We studied histological sections from surgical scars of known duration, stained with the VVG elastic stain and VVG-stained sections of scalp biopsies from patients with established lesions of permanent alopecia. In most cases, both vertical and transverse sections were examined. In every case, the WG stain clearly differentiated scar from the normal surrounding dermis. Distinct patterns of elastic tissue allowed for correct classification in most of the well-established cases of permanent alopecia studied. We determined that the Verhoeff-Van Gieson stain is an excellent stain to evaluate the pattern of scarring in cases of permanent alopecia and elastic tissue stains may be helpful in the histological evaluation of alopecia. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol MCHE DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall Air Force, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Wilford Hall Air Force, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol MCHE DD, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 27 IS 3 BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2000.027003147.x PG 6 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA 288AT UT WOS:000085540200010 PM 10728818 ER PT J AU Jones, KA Derenge, MA Zheleva, TS Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Wood, MC Vispute, RD Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T AF Jones, KA Derenge, MA Zheleva, TS Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Wood, MC Vispute, RD Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T TI The properties of annealed AlN films deposited by pulsed laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE AlN; anneal; laser; deposition; spectroscopy ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; BUFFER LAYERS; GAN FILMS; GROWTH; SAPPHIRE; PRESSURE; EPITAXY; AIN AB AlN films deposited on SiC or sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition were annealed at 1200 degrees C, 1400 degrees C, and 1600 degrees C for 30 min in an inert atmosphere to examine how their structure, surface morphology, and substrate-film interface are altered during high temperature thermal processing. Shifts in the x-ray rocking curve peaks suggest that annealing increases the film density or relaxes the films and reduces the c-axis Poisson compression. Scanning electron micrographs show that the AlN begins to noticeably evaporate at 1600 degrees C, and the evaporation rate is higher for the films grown an sapphire because the as-deposited film contained more pinholes. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy shows that the interface between the film and substrate improves with annealing temperature for SiC substrates, but the interface quality for the 1600 degrees C anneal is poorer than it is for the 1400 degrees C anneal when the substrate is sapphire. Transmission electron micrographs show that the as-deposited films on SiC contain many stacking faults, while those annealed at 1600 degrees C have a columnar structure with slightly misoriented grains. The as-deposited films on sapphire have an incoherent interface, and voids are formed at the interface when the samples are annealed at 1600 degrees C. Auger electron spectroscopy shows that virtually no intermixing occurs across the interface, and that the annealed films. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jones, KA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 29 IS 3 BP 262 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s11664-000-0060-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 349QJ UT WOS:000089056900004 ER PT J AU Sarney, WL Salamanca-Riba, L Vispute, RD Zhou, P Taylor, C Spencer, MG Jones, KA AF Sarney, WL Salamanca-Riba, L Vispute, RD Zhou, P Taylor, C Spencer, MG Jones, KA TI SiC/Si(111) film quality as a function of GeH4 flow in an MOCVD reactor SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE polytypism; surfactants; germanium ID EPITAXY AB Due to large lattice and thermal expansion coefficient mismatches, SiC films grown on Si are usually low quality. To provide a more stable growth front we added Ge in the form of GeH4 to the reactant gases in a MOCVD reactor. Several SiC films with Ge flow rates ranging from 0-50 seem were grown on (111) Si substrates at 1000 degrees C. TEM results show that the crystalline quality is amorphous or polycrystalline for Ge flow rates at or below 15 sccm. Samples grown at Ge flow rates at or exceeding 20 sccm have an initial layer of single crystalline 3C SiC followed by heavily twinned crystalline 3C SiC. In particular, the samples grown with 20-30 seem Ge contain an 80 nm initial layer of reasonably high quality single crystal 3C SiC. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Supercond Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Howard Univ, Mat Sci Res Ctr Excellence, Washington, DC 20059 USA. USA, Res Inst, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sarney, WL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 29 IS 3 BP 359 EP 363 DI 10.1007/s11664-000-0077-5 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 349QJ UT WOS:000089056900021 ER PT J AU Birx, DL Loomis-Price, LD Aronson, N Brundage, J Davis, C Deyton, L Garner, R Gordin, F Henry, D Holloway, W Kerkering, T Luskin-Hawk, R McNeil, J Michael, N Pierce, PF Poretz, D Ratto-Kim, S Renzullo, P Ruiz, N Sitz, K Smith, G Tacket, C Thompson, M Tramont, E Yangco, B Yarrish, R Redfield, RR AF Birx, DL Loomis-Price, LD Aronson, N Brundage, J Davis, C Deyton, L Garner, R Gordin, F Henry, D Holloway, W Kerkering, T Luskin-Hawk, R McNeil, J Michael, N Pierce, PF Poretz, D Ratto-Kim, S Renzullo, P Ruiz, N Sitz, K Smith, G Tacket, C Thompson, M Tramont, E Yangco, B Yarrish, R Redfield, RR CA rgp160 Phase II Vaccine Investigat TI Efficacy testing of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp160 as a therapeutic vaccine in early-stage HIV-1-infected volunteers SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SEROPOSITIVE INDIVIDUALS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; HUMORAL RESPONSES; DOUBLE-BLIND; INFECTION; IMMUNIZATION; AIDS; IMMUNOGENICITY; ENVELOPE AB A phase II efficacy trial was conducted with recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 (rgp160) in 608 HIV-infected, asymptomatic volunteers with CD4(+) cell counts >400 cells/mm(3). During a 5-year study, volunteers received a 6-shot primary series of immunizations with either rgp160 or placebo over 6 months, followed by booster immunizations every 2 months. Repeated vaccination with rgp160 was safe and persistently immunogenic. Adequate follow-up and acquisition of endpoints allowed for definitive interpretation of the trial results, There was no evidence that rgp160 has efficacy as a therapeutic vaccine in early-stage HIV infection, as measured at primary endpoints (50% decline in CD4(+) cell count or disease progression to Waiter Reed stage 4, 5, or 6) or secondary endpoints. A transient improvement was seen in the secondary CD4 endpoint for the vaccination compared with the placebo arm, but this did not translate into improved clinical outcome. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Med Biotechnol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. VA Med Ctr, Washington Reg AIDS Program, Washington, DC USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Hood, TX USA. Grad Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. Delaware CPCRA, Wilmington, DE USA. Richmond AIDS Consortium, Richmond, VA USA. Infect Dis Phys Inc, Annandale, VA USA. AIDS Res Alliance, Chicago, IL USA. Prot Sci Inc, Meriden, CT USA. AIDS Res Consortium, Atlanta, GA USA. Infect Dis Res Inst Inc, Tampa, FL USA. St Vincents Hosp & Med Ctr, New York, NY 10011 USA. RP Birx, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 13 Taft Ct,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 51 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 181 IS 3 BP 881 EP 889 DI 10.1086/315308 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 302BE UT WOS:000086344400010 PM 10720508 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Nelson, LD Pearce, FJ AF Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Nelson, LD Pearce, FJ TI Evaluation of expired nitric oxide (eNO) as a measure of hemorrhagic status in rat SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resusciat Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 48 IS 2 MA 6 BP 182A EP 182A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 302CE UT WOS:000086346700018 ER PT J AU Ye, D Uyehara, CFT AF Ye, D Uyehara, CFT TI Gender difference in vasopressin (VP) renal V2 action the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 48 IS 2 MA 146 BP 206A EP 206A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 302CE UT WOS:000086346700158 ER PT J AU McFaul, SJ Bowman, PD Villa, VM AF McFaul, SJ Bowman, PD Villa, VM TI Hemoglobin stimulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines from leukocytes in whole blood SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN; PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; NITRIC-OXIDE; INTERLEUKIN-8; TRANSFUSION; INDUCTION; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; INHIBITION AB Isolated mononuclear leukocytes, when incubated with purified hemoglobin Ao (HbAo), release the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In this study we examined whether leukocytes in whole blood, when incubated with HbAo, release IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IL-6. Leukocytes in whole blood incubated with HbAo for 4 hours at 37 degrees C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity released 187, 1313, and 50 pg/mL of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, respectively as compared with 6, 192, and 2 pg/mL released by leukocytes in blood incubated with human serum albumin (HSA). Furthermore, plasma from blood incubated with HbAo exhibited chemotactic activity and stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells to become adherent to neutrophils. These activities were 3.3 and 2.6 times those measured in plasma from blood incubated with HSA. Hydrocortisone (0.05 mu mol/L to 50 mu mol/L) inhibited cytokine release in a dose-dependent manner with ED50 values of 0.23 mu mol/L, 0.19 mu mol/L, and 0.10 mu mol/L for IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, respectively. The release of proinflammatory cytokines in whole blood after exposure to hemoglobin solutions is consistent with the possibility that an inflammatory reaction could develop on infusion of hemoglobin, whereas inhibition of cytokine release by hydrocortisone suggests that the inclusion of anti-inflammatory compounds in hemoglobin solutions may prevent undesirable effects caused by inflammation after infusion. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, WRAIR Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Mech Trauma Branch, San Antonio, TX USA. RP McFaul, SJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, WRAIR Blood Res Detachment, Bldg 503, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 65 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 135 IS 3 BP 263 EP 269 DI 10.1067/mlc.2000.105180 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 290LD UT WOS:000085677000007 PM 10711865 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA Burleson, DG Delgado, AV Kohler, DJ Salin, ML Pruitt, BA AF Cassidy, RA Burleson, DG Delgado, AV Kohler, DJ Salin, ML Pruitt, BA TI Effects of heme proteins on nitric oxide levels and cell viability in isolated PMNs: a mechanism of toxicity SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; superoxide; myoglobin; hemoglobin; DNA strand breaks; cytotoxicity ID HUMAN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; SYNTHASE ACTIVITY; DOWNS-SYNDROME; RENAL-FAILURE; RISK FACTOR AB Isolated human PMNs served as a model to determine oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) binding and the effects of oxymyoglobin (oxyMb) or oxyHb on production of both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O-2 .(-)) and the resulting cytotoxicity, Physiologically relevant concentrations of NO. and H2O2 oxidized, to a similar extent, 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) loaded into polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Activation of PMNs with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) markedly increased the internalization of extracellular oxyHb (10-250 mu g/ml). OxyMb (10-300 mu g/mL) or oxyHb (30-300 mu g/mL) enhanced DCFH oxidation by a concentration-dependent mechanism in unstimulated, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-, and PMA-stimulated PMNs. This increased DCFH oxidation was eliminated by NO. synthase inhibitors, glutathione and ascorbate, and was reduced by albumin. Nitrite accumulation in PMN filtrates mirrored NO.-iuduced DCF fluorescence, OxyMb-induced increases in NO. levels paralleled alterations in DNA and cell membrane damage and ATP levels in PMNs and co-cultured lymphocytes, and were attenuated by NO. synthase inhibitors. OxyMb eliminated extracellular O-2 .(-) at protein concentrations 100- to 1000-fold above those of superoxide dismutase, These results suggest that heme proteins bind and internalize into PMNs and increase NO.-induced damage in neighboring cells by inhibiting O-2 .(-)-scavenging of NO.. We propose a mechanism whereby heme protein-induced NO. levels may contribute to immunosuppression and increased infection rates associated with transfusions and cellular damage during inflammation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Biochem Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cassidy, RA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Biochem Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 69 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 67 IS 3 BP 357 EP 368 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA 330LY UT WOS:000087964600010 PM 10733096 ER PT J AU Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C D'Aguanno, G Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM AF Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C D'Aguanno, G Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM TI Dispersive properties of one-dimensional photonic band gap structures for second harmonic generation SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE optics; nonlinear optics ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; FINITE AB We analyse the dispersive properties of one-dimensional photonic band gap structures, and discuss applications to phase matching conditions in the case of second harmonic generation. Band edge effects such as increased density of modes, large field enhancement, and low group velocity induce highly efficient parametric amplification, provided the proper phase matching conditions can be established. Direct integration of Maxwell's equations in the time domain confirms these conclusions, and shows that parametric amplification in one-dimensional photonic band gap structures provide much larger conversion efficiencies compared with ordinary quasi-phase-matching devices. C1 Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapon Sci Directorate, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP Centini, M (reprint author), Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. OI D'Aguanno, Giuseppe/0000-0002-7132-0103; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1464-4258 J9 J OPT A-PURE APPL OP JI J. Opt. A-Pure Appl. Opt. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 2 IS 2 BP 121 EP 126 DI 10.1088/1464-4258/2/2/309 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 364TW UT WOS:000089909900010 ER PT J AU Bang, MD Deyle, GD AF Bang, MD Deyle, GD TI Comparison of supervised exercise with and without manual physical therapy for patients with shoulder impingement syndrome SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE exercise; manual physical therapy; shoulder impingement syndrome ID REHABILITATION PROGRAM; PAIN; MANAGEMENT; MUSCLES; FLEXIBILITY; INSTABILITY; DISORDERS; STRENGTH; INJURIES AB Study Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 2 physical therapy treatment approaches for impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Background: Manual physical therapy combined with exercise is a commonly applied but currently unproven clinical treatment for impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Methods and Measures: Thirty men and 22 women (age 43 years +/- 9.1) diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. The exercise group performed supervised flexibility and strengthening exercises. The manual therapy group performed the same program and received manual physical therapy treatment. Both groups received the selected intervention 6 times over a 3-week period. The testers, who were blinded to group assignment, measured strength, pain, and function before treatment and after 6 physical therapy visits. Strength was a composite score of isometric strength tests for internal rotation, external rotation, and abduction. Pain was a composite score of visual analog scale measures during resisted break tests, active abduction, and functional activities. Function was measured with a functional assessment questionnaire. The visual analog scale used to measure pain with functional activities and the functional assessment questionnaire were also measured 2 months after the initiation of treatment. Results: Subjects in both groups experienced significant decreases in pain and increases in function, but there was significantly more improvement in the manual therapy group compared to the exercise group. For example, pain in the manual therapy group was reduced from a pretreatment mean (+/-SD) of 575.8 (+/-220.0) to a posttreatment mean of 174.4 (+/-183.1). In contrast, pain in the exercise group was reduced from a pretreatment mean of 557.1 (+/-237.2) to a posttreatment mean of 360.6 (+/-272.3). Strength in the manual therapy group improved significantly while strength in the exercise group did not. Conclusion: Manual physical therapy applied by experienced physical therapists combined with supervised exercise in a brief clinical trial is better than exercise alone for increasing strength, decreasing pain, and improving function in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. C1 Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Med, Vallejo, CA 94590 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bang, MD (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Med, 975 Sereno Dr, Vallejo, CA 94590 USA. NR 59 TC 166 Z9 170 U1 2 U2 29 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 30 IS 3 BP 126 EP 137 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 290UZ UT WOS:000085697400005 PM 10721508 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Niven, AS Katz, DE Parker, JM Eliasson, AH AF Shorr, AF Niven, AS Katz, DE Parker, JM Eliasson, AH TI Regulatory and educational initiatives fail to promote discussions regarding end-of-life care SO JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE do not resuscitate orders; end-of-life care; education; Patient Self Determination Act ID SELF-DETERMINATION ACT; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; ADVANCE DIRECTIVES; PATIENT; IMPLEMENTATION; ETHICS; ORDERS AB We conducted an observational cohort study to determine if hospital-based, reinforcing regulatory and educational interventions could encourage physicians to discuss end-of-life (EOL) care with their patients. Specifically, we measured the effect of (1) administrative prompts to encourage discussions about EOL care and (2) a mandatory educational seminal focusing on EOL issues. Study subjects were patients consecutively admitted to the medicine service who faced an anticipated 3-year mortality rate of at least 50 %. The main study endpoint was the frequency of documented EOL discussions between physicians and patients. In the inception cohort of 184 patients, physicians discussed EOL care with 64 patients (34.8 %), and in the follow-up cohort of 121 patients, 41 individuals (33.9 %) had documented discussions regarding EOL issues (P = 0.90). Actual "Do Not Resuscitate"(DNR) orders were written for 53 patients (28.8 %) in the inception cohort and for 33 persons (27.3 %) in the follow-up cohort (P = 0.71). We conclude that enhanced, mutually reinforcing regulatory and educational efforts focusing on EOL care proved ineffectual at promoting either discussions about EOL issues or the use of DNR orders. (C) U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee, 2000. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Pulm, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0885-3924 J9 J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG JI J. Pain Symptom Manage. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 19 IS 3 BP 168 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0885-3924(00)00108-1 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal; Clinical Neurology SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 304EJ UT WOS:000086469700005 PM 10760621 ER PT J AU Gries, DM Moffitt, DR Pulos, E Carter, ER AF Gries, DM Moffitt, DR Pulos, E Carter, ER TI A single dose of intramuscularly administered dexamethasone acetate is as effective as oral prednisone to treat asthma exacerbations in young children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Thoracic-Society CY APR 24-29, 1998 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Thorac Soc ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CORTICOSTEROID-THERAPY; SHORT-TERM; METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACETATE; FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE; INHALED BECLOMETHASONE; ALLERGIC RHINITIS; SUPPRESSION; GROWTH; GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS AB Objective: To evaluate whether a single dose of intramuscularly administered dexamethasone acetate (IM Dex) was as safe and effective as a 5-day course of oral prednisone (PI Pred) in the treatment of young children with mild-moderate exacerbations of asthma. Study design: A prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded study was done in a tertiary care medical center in children (6 months to 7 years of age) who required corticosteroids to treat mild-moderate asthma exacerbations as outpatients. Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of IM Dex (similar to 1.7 mg/kg) or PO Pred (similar to 2 mg/kg/d for 5 days). Clinical asthma score, behavioral changes, albuterol use, and tolerance of the medication were recorded in a home diary for 7 days. Cortisol/creatinine ratios on first morning void urine samples were obtained on day 14. The primary outcome measures were changes in clinical asthma score through day 5 and tolerance of the medication. Results: Fifteen patients in the IM Dex group (mean age 37 months) and 17 in the PO Pred group (mean age 36 months) completed the study. Clinical asthma score improved significantly in both groups during the first 5 days of therapy, and no significant difference was seen in the rate of improvement between the 2 groups. Three children refused more than 75%, of their prednisone doses, and another 4 missed 30%, to 50% of the doses despite their parents' best efforts. The intramuscular injection caused no complications, and approximately 70% of parents in both groups stated I-hat they would choose IM Dex to treat their child's next asthma exacerbation. Conclusion: In this group of children a single intramuscular injection of dexamethasone acetate was as effective as a 5-day course of PO Pred for the management of mild-moderate outpatient asthma exacerbations. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Gries, DM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 30 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 136 IS 3 BP 298 EP 303 DI 10.1067/mpd.2000.103353 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 293NN UT WOS:000085859200009 PM 10700684 ER PT J AU Champaiboon, C Yongvanitchit, K Pichyangkul, S Mahanonda, R AF Champaiboon, C Yongvanitchit, K Pichyangkul, S Mahanonda, R TI The immune modulation of B-cell responses by Porphyromonas gingivalis and interleukin-10 SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE B lymphocytes; killer cells, natural; T lymphocytes; periodontal diseases/microbiology; Porphyromonas gingivalis; interleukin-10 ID INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; EARLY-ONSET PERIODONTITIS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; NONOBESE DIABETIC MICE; COLLAGEN TYPE-I; ADULT PERIODONTITIS; T-CELLS; ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTES AB Background: Polyclonal B-cell activation induced by periodontopathic bacteria has been cited as being important for elevated numbers of B cells, but the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease remains unknown. In this study, we used an in vitro model to investigate the activation of immune cells by the periodontopathic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis in healthy subjects. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or purified subsets of lymphocytes were stimulated with sonicated extracts of P. gingivalis for 24 hours. Cells were harvested and monitored for expression of CD69 by flow cytometry. Cytokine production (IL-10, IL-12, and IL-15) in gingivalis-stimulated PBMC cultures was measured by ELISA. To identify IL-10 producer cells, a cell depletion experiment was used and confirmed by the ability of the purified cell population to produce IL-10. To evaluate the effect of P. gingivalis and IL-10, the proliferative response of purified B cells was assessed by [H-3] thymidine uptake. Results: PBMC cultured with P. gingivalis led to a large number of activated B and natural killer (NK) cells as monitored by CD69 expression. When positively sorted cells were used, the bacterium itself could directly activate only B cells but not NK cells, alpha beta, and gamma delta T cells. Measurement of B-cell regulatory cytokine production in P. gingivalis-stimulated PBMC cultures revealed a large amount of IL-10 but no detectable IL-12 or IL-15; the major producing cells were monocytes, not B cells or ap T cells. When IL-10 was added to B cells in the presence of bacteria, significantly increased B-cell proliferative responses were observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that P. gingivalis, both directly and indirectly via macrophage IL-10, may play an important role in polyclonal B-cell activation associated with periodontal disease. C1 Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Periodontol, Fac Dent, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. USA, Dept Immunol & Med, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Mahanonda, R (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Periodontol, Fac Dent, Henri Dunant Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 71 IS 3 BP 468 EP 475 DI 10.1902/jop.2000.71.3.468 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 411GD UT WOS:000167489100018 PM 10776936 ER PT J AU Hokett, SD Cuenin, MF Peacock, ME Thompson, SH Van Dyke, TE AF Hokett, SD Cuenin, MF Peacock, ME Thompson, SH Van Dyke, TE TI Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and periodontitis. A case report SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biopsy; lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's/diagnosis; maxillary sinus; periodontitis/diagnosis; oral surgery/complications AB Background: We describe an unusual case of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that developed in the maxillae associated with localized severe periodontitis in a 64-year-old Caucasian male. The lymphoma was diagnosed less than 2 years following routine periodontal surgery and 8 weeks after the extraction of hopeless teeth in the associated area. Methods: Two months following the extractions, the patient experienced pain and swelling in the maxillary right edentulous area mimicking an abscess, and reported for emergency care. An expansile lesion measuring 2.0 x 2.5 cm in diameter was noted on radiographic examination to extend into the right maxillary sinus. A definitive biopsy diagnosis of high grade, small, non-cleaved, diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the right posterior maxillae was established. The patient was subsequently treated by a combination of radiation, chemotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation. Results: The maxillary tissues healed uneventfully, and the patient has been closely observed for approximately 5 years without symptoms or recurrence of the lymphoma. Conclusions: This case highlights the need for careful debridement of extraction sockets associated with severe periodontitis and argues for the routine submission of extracted teeth with adjacent soft tissue for microscopic analysis, to assist in the early diagnosis of potentially life-threatening malignancies. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Periodont Residency, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Residency, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Grad Dent, Dept Periodont, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Hokett, SD (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Periodont Residency, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 71 IS 3 BP 504 EP 509 DI 10.1902/jop.2000.71.3.504 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 411GD UT WOS:000167489100023 PM 10776941 ER PT J AU Coffee, TP AF Coffee, TP TI Progress in modeling pressure oscillations in regenerative liquid propellant guns SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 36th Aerospace Sciences Meeting CY JAN 12-15, 1998 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB Regenerative liquid-propellant guns (RLPG) have been studied for many years. Liquid propellant is Injected through a piston or pistons into a combustion chamber as the gun is bring. The propellant combusts and pushes the projectile down the tube. The chamber pressure also pushes the piston(s), controlling the propellant injection, RLPG gun firings almost always show large high-frequency pressure oscillations. To study this phenomenon, a two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics model of the combustion chamber/gun tube of an RLPG has been developed. High-frequency oscillations are generated naturally by the code. Recently, the code has been extended to three dimensions. The major difficulty in the simulations has been modeling the jet breakup and combustion. A number of different approximations to the jet breakup have been implemented. The most useful approximation has been to assume that most of the propellant is in an intact core. Comparisons have been made between the model and gun firings, leading to methods for reducing the pressure oscillations. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Coffee, TP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 16 IS 2 BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.2514/2.5569 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 295EV UT WOS:000085954500017 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV Lesher, LL AF Cardello, AV Lesher, LL TI Discussion III on fitting equations to sensory data SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 15 IS 1 BP 26 EP 29 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2000.tb00406.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 301WQ UT WOS:000086333800004 ER PT J AU Zielinski, AE Weinacht, P Bennett, J AF Zielinski, AE Weinacht, P Bennett, J TI Electromagnetic and aeromechanical analysis of sabot discard for railgun projectiles SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB Experimental and engineering modeling techniques were applied to examine the role that electromagnetics plays during the sabot discard process in a solid-armature railgun. Current and magnetic field diffusion in the conducting armature and sabot produce residual forces that tend to clamp:the sabot petals during in-bore acceleration and after launch. The effect of this force on sabot discard was investigated. The experimental portion of this work used the measured downrange magnetic fields to quantity the effect on subprojectile performance. The time rate of change of launcher and switch currents and launcher voltages Were measured. In addition, the time rate of change of the armature magnetic field was measured downrange from the launcher. Electrical parameters that characterize the magnetic fields were used to calculate the residual current flowing in the armature after exit, An engineering model that includes both aeromechanical and electromagnetic forces was developed to predict the sabot discard process. The model for the magnetic clamping force used the inferred current from the magnetic fields measured downrange, The results from the sabot discard analysis are in good agreement with the measured sabot trajectory data, particularly when the sabot petals are in dose proximity. The analysis shows that the aerodynamic moment acting on the sabot is relatively small following launch, and small magnetic clamping forces could delay sabot separation. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Armaments Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07801 USA. RP Zielinski, AE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 37 IS 2 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.2514/2.3554 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 302XC UT WOS:000086390900015 ER PT J AU Cooper, G Oskay, V AF Cooper, G Oskay, V TI Comparison of meteorological data with fitted values extracted from a trajectory SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB Atmospheric conditions are found by knowing only the projectile's trajectory and its aerodynamic coefficients plus initial atmospheric conditions at ground level. The governing equations are the modified point-mass equations, which are used to generate a test trajectory using data taken with a weather balloon. A nonlinear least-square method is used to fit the modified point mass equations:to the test trajectory by varying the meteorological parameters. Linear wind profiles now replace the previous constant, wind profiles, and the yaw of repose is now included in the fitting procedure. A more complete error analysis is presented. Density, temperature, and wind profiles agree well. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cooper, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 37 IS 2 BP 283 EP 286 DI 10.2514/2.3557 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 302XC UT WOS:000086390900018 ER PT J AU Ward, DT Lawson, SA Gallagher, CM Conner, WC Shea-Donohue, T AF Ward, DT Lawson, SA Gallagher, CM Conner, WC Shea-Donohue, T TI Sustained nitric oxide production via L-arginine administration ameliorates effects of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE intestine; ischemia-reperfusion; nitric oxide; L-arginine; capillary leak; rat ID MULTIPLE-ORGAN-FAILURE; INJURY; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION; INFLAMMATION; MODULATION; INHIBITION AB Background. The role of nitric oxide in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion is unclear-some studies link it to the harmful effects of ischemia-reperfusion, while others report it to be protective. We propose that nitric oxide levels diminish in the reperfusion period in conjunction with the onset of increased capillary permeability, The aim of this study is to determine the effect of supplementing nitric oxide synthase with its substrate, L-arginine, on development of local mucosal injury and systemic capillary leak. Materials and methods. Rats underwent 30 min of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 4 h of reperfusion. The vehicle groups received L-arginine either intravenously (4 mg/kg/min) or into the intestinal lumen, The intravenous groups received L-arginine either before the ischemic event or after 30 min of reperfusion. Capillary leak in the gut and lung were measured, as were degree of mucosal injury and number of infiltrating neutrophils. Appropriate controls were performed. Results. Thirty minutes of mesenteric ischemia followed by 4 h of reperfusion significantly increased gut and lung leak, neutrophil infiltration, and the severity of mucosal injury. L-Arginine given iv prior to ischemia inhibited lung leak, mucosal injury, and neutrophil infiltration. When arginine was given during the reperfusion period, lung leak and neutrophil infiltration but not mucosal injury were reduced. Intraluminal L-arginine reduced mucosa injury, but had no effect on capillary leak. Conclusions. supplementation with L-arginine enhances NO production, resulting in reduced systemic endothelial dysfunction, This may act as a useful clinical adjunct in the management of trauma patients in preventing the development of ARDS and multiple organ failure. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 27 TC 52 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 89 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1006/jsre.1999.5795 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 292BQ UT WOS:000085774600003 PM 10720447 ER PT J AU Leek, MR Dent, ML Dooling, RJ AF Leek, MR Dent, ML Dooling, RJ TI Masking by harmonic complexes in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SCHROEDER-PHASE COMPLEXES; BASILAR-MEMBRANE; PERIOD PATTERNS; CRITICAL RATIOS; INNER-EAR; HEARING; ABSOLUTE; THRESHOLDS; VOCALIZATIONS; DISPERSION AB In humans, masking by harmonic complexes is dependent not only on the frequency content of the masker, but also its phase spectrum. Complexes that have highly modulated temporal waveforms due to the selection of their component phases usually provide less masking than those with flatter temporal envelopes. Moreover, harmonic complexes that are created with negative Schroeder phases (component phases monotonically decreasing with increasing harmonic frequency) may provide more masking than those created with positive Schroeder phases (monotonically increasing phase), even though both temporal envelopes are equally flat. To date, there has been little comparative work on the masking effectiveness of harmonic complexes. Using operant conditioning and the method of constant stimuli, masking of pure tones by harmonic complexes was examined in budgerigars at several different masker levels for complexes constructed with two different fundamental frequencies. In contrast to humans, thresholds in budgerigars differed very little for the two Schroeder-phase waveforms. Moreover, when there was a difference in masking by these two waveforms, the positive Schroeder was the more effective masker-the reverse of that described for humans. Control experiments showed that phase selection was relevant to the masking ability of harmonic complexes in budgerigars. Release from masking occurred when the components were in coherent phase, compared with a complex with random phases selected for each component. It is suggested that these psychoacoustic differences may emerge from structural and functional differences between the avian and mammalian peripheral auditory systems involving traveling wave mechanics and spectral tuning characteristics. (C) 2000 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(00)06203-8]. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Leek, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00046, DC-00198, DC-00626] NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1737 EP 1744 DI 10.1121/1.428455 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 291YR UT WOS:000085767800061 PM 10738825 ER PT J AU Warber, JI Warber, JP Simone, KA AF Warber, JI Warber, JP Simone, KA TI Assessment of general nutrition knowledge of nurse practitioners in New England SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN MEDICAL-SCHOOLS; STUDENTS; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS C1 USA, Womack Med Ctr, Nutr Care Div, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Simmons Coll, Grad Sch Hlth Studies, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Warber, JP (reprint author), 6217 Falkland Court, Fayetteville, NC 28311 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 100 IS 3 BP 368 EP 370 DI 10.1016/S0002-8223(00)00112-7 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 460MD UT WOS:000170310600026 PM 10719416 ER PT J AU Sadler, BM Casey, SD AF Sadler, BM Casey, SD TI Sinusoidal frequency estimation via sparse zero crossings SO JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE zero-crossing analysis; frequency estimation; Euclidean algorithm ID SPECTRUM ANALYZER; NOISE; PERFORMANCE; ALGORITHM AB We consider estimation of the period of a sinusoid in additive Gaussian noise, based on observations of the zero-crossing (ZC) times, The problem is treated in a continuous-time framework,It is assumed that the signal-to-noise ratio is sufficient (approximately greater than or equal to 8 dB) such that the noise may be approximated as additive in the phase, An exact mean-square error analysis is provided for this approximation, We apply modified Euclidean algorithms (MEAs) and their least-squares refinements in this framework, to estimate the period of the sinusoid, with low complexity. Unlike linear regression methods based on phase samples, the proposed approach works with very sparse ZC measurements, and is resistant to outliers. The MEA-based approach is motivated by the fact that, in the noise-free case, the greatest common divisor (gcd) of a sparse set of the first differences of the zero crossing times is very highly likely to be the half-period of the sinusoid. The MEA acts to robustly estimate the gcd of the observed noisy data. The MEA period estimate may be refined via a least-squares approach, that asymptotically achieves the appropriate Cramer-Rao bound. Simulation results illustrate the algorithms with as few as 10 zero-crossing times. The algorithm behavior is also studied using Bernoulli and random burst models for the missing ZC times, and good performance is demonstrated with very sparse observations, Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-0032 J9 J FRANKLIN I JI J. Frankl. Inst.-Eng. Appl. Math. PD MAR-MAY PY 2000 VL 337 IS 2-3 BP 131 EP 145 DI 10.1016/S0016-0032(00)00013-2 PG 15 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics GA 322ND UT WOS:000087514900004 ER PT J AU Harmon, WJ McAllister, CK AF Harmon, WJ McAllister, CK TI The lion of the union: The pelvic wound of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE pelvis; fistula; wounds, gunshot; catheterization; case report AB Purpose: Major General Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain is a true American hero. His medical history and war wounds provide a rare snapshot of Civil War era medicine. In particular the most devastating injury was a rifle shot through the pelvis rupturing the bladder and urethra. We describe this injury and how it affected his life to provide insight into late 19th century urological care. Materials and Methods: All available references, including biographies, letters, surgical reports, military documents and prior medical summaries, were reviewed regarding Chamberlain's urological history. Results: While leading the Union charge to Petersburg, Virginia on June 18, 1864, Chamberlain was struck with a minie ball anteriorly below the right greater trochanter. The ball coursed obliquely upward disrupting the bladder and urethra, and embedded behind the left acetabulum. An unprecedented wound exploration in the field hospital was performed to extract the bullet and "reconnect severed urinary organs." Hope for recovery was nonexistent as urine was seen exiting the lower wound postoperatively. This genitourinary injury required 4 subsequent repairs during Chamberlain's lifetime and ultimately left him with a draining urethrocutaneous fistula at the penoscrotal junction. Conclusions: Survival from catastrophic Civil War wounds was rare, especially from "gut wounds" which had a mortality rate of greater than 90%. Chamberlain not only survived but thrived with his sense of duty carrying him back to the battlefield and beyond. He was plagued during his life with recurrent cystitis and epididymo-orchitis, which in an era without antibiotics was especially miserable. Urosepsis is listed as the cause of death on his death certificate and whether this was true is debatable. However, even if this wound did not cause his death, it surely contributed to it. C1 MMKU, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78250 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Harmon, WJ (reprint author), MMKU, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78250 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 3 BP 713 EP 716 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67789-0 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 282YX UT WOS:000085250300003 PM 10687962 ER PT J AU Kao, TC Cruess, DF Garner, D Foley, J Seay, T Friedrichs, P Thrasher, JB Mooneyhan, RD McLeod, DG Moul, JW AF Kao, TC Cruess, DF Garner, D Foley, J Seay, T Friedrichs, P Thrasher, JB Mooneyhan, RD McLeod, DG Moul, JW TI Multicenter patient self-reporting questionnaire on impotence, incontinence and stricture after radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatectomy; prostatic neoplasms; quality of life; epidemiology ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; CANCER; MORBIDITY; HEALTH; MEN; EXPERIENCE AB Purpose: We determined the incidence of patient self-reported post-prostatectomy incontinence, impotence, bladder neck contracture and/or urethral stricture, sexual function satisfaction, quality of life and willingness to undergo treatment again in a large multicenter group of men who underwent radical prostatectomy. We also determined whether the morbidities of sexual function satisfaction, quality of life and bladder neck contracture and/or urethral stricture are predictable from demographic and postoperative prostate cancer factors. Materials and Methods: A self-reporting questionnaire was completed and returned by 1,069 of 1,396 eligible patients (77%) who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1962 and 1997. Of the respondents 868 (85.7%) underwent surgery after 1990 and in all prostatectomy had been done a minimum of 6 months previously. Questionnaire results were independently analyzed by a third party for morbidity tabulation and the association of patient reported satisfaction. Results: The patient self-reported incidence of any degree of post-prostatectomy incontinence, impotence and bladder neck contracture or urethral stricture was 65.6%, 88.4% and 20.5%, respectively, The incidence of incontinence requiring protection was 33% and only 2.8% of respondents had persistent bladder neck contracture or urethral stricture. Although incontinence and impotence significantly affected self-reported sexual function satisfaction, quality of life and willingness to undergo treatment again (p = 0.001), 77.5% of patients would elect surgery again. This finding remained true even after adjusting for demographic variables, and the time between surgery and the survey by multiple logistic regression. Conclusions: Although radical prostatectomy morbidity is common and affects self-reported overall quality of life, most patients would elect the same treatment again. Impotence and post-prostatectomy incontinence were significantly associated with sexual function satisfaction, quality of life and willingness to undergo treatment again. Bladder neck contracture and/or urethral stricture was associated with willingness to undergo treatment again after adjusting for demographic variables and time from surgery to the survey. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biometr, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Bethesda, MD USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews Air Forces Base, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Kansas City, KS USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 23 TC 132 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 3 BP 858 EP 864 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67819-6 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 282YX UT WOS:000085250300043 PM 10687992 ER PT J AU Xu, LL Srikantan, V Sesterhenn, IA Augustus, M Dean, R Moul, JW Carter, KC Srivastava, S AF Xu, LL Srikantan, V Sesterhenn, IA Augustus, M Dean, R Moul, JW Carter, KC Srivastava, S TI Expression profile of an androgen regulated prostate specific homeobox gene NKX3.1 in primary prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE tumorigenesis; radical prostatectomy; androgen receptor; microdissection ID PROTEINS; TRANSFORMATION; REGION; CELLS; 8P21; DNA; RNA; HOX AB Purpose: NKX3.1, a member of the family of homeobox genes, exhibits prostate tissue specific expression and appears to play a role in mouse prostate development. Rapid induction of NKX3.1 gene expression in response to androgens has also been described. On the basis of the established role of androgens in prostatic growth and differentiation and studies showing an association of aberrant homeobox gene expression with the neoplastic process, we hypothesize that alterations of NKX3.1 gene expression play a role in prostate tumorigenesis. Materials and Methods: NKX3.1 expression was analyzed in matched, microdissected normal and tumor tissues from 52 primary prostate cancer specimens from radical prostatectomy by semiquantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization and correlated with the clinicopathologic features. NKX3.1 expression was quantified as differential expression between matched tumor and normal tissues and was grouped as overexpression in tumor tissue, reduced expression in tumor tissue and no change between tumor and normal tissues. Androgen regulation of NKX3.1 expression was also studied in LNCaP cells. Androgen receptor (AR) expression in prostate tumor and normal tissue was correlated with NKX3. I expression. Results: Comparison of NKX3.1 expression between normal and tumor tissues revealed overexpression in 31% tumor specimens (16 of 52), decreased expression in 21% tumor specimens (11 of 52) and no change in 48% specimens (25 of 52). When these expression patterns were stratified by organ confined and non-organ-confined tumor, a higher percentage of patients exhibited NKX3, I overexpression in non-organ confined tumor (40%) versus organ confined tumor (22%). Elevated NKX3.1 expression significantly correlated with tumor volume and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level in the NKX3.1 overexpression group (p <0.05). Metastatic prostate cancer cell lines did not exhibit mutations in the protein coding sequence of NKX3.1. Additionally, the NKX3. I expression correlated with AR expression (p <0.01) in vivo in human prostate tissues. Comparison of PSA and NKX3.1 expression in response to androgen revealed a rapid androgen mediated induction of NKX3.1 expression in LNCaP cells. In situ hybridization analysis of representative specimens confirmed RT-PCR observations. Conclusions: These results suggest an association of NKX3.1 with a more aggressive phenotype of carcinoma of the prostate. Correlation of AR expression with NKX3.1 in human prostate tissues underscores the androgen regulation of NKX3.1 in the physiologic context of human prostate tissues. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USAF, Inst Pathol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv,Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20330 USA. Human Genome Sci Inc, Rockville, MD USA. RP Srivastava, S (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 32 TC 72 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 IS 3 BP 972 EP 979 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67867-6 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 282YX UT WOS:000085250300090 PM 10688034 ER PT J AU Chen, HX He, J Fong, S Wilcox, G Wood, C AF Chen, HX He, J Fong, S Wilcox, G Wood, C TI Jembrana disease virus Tat can regulate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat-directed gene expression and can substitute for HIV Tat in viral replication SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; BOVINE LENTIVIRUS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; GROWTH-FACTOR; TYPE-1; PROTEIN; APOPTOSIS; RNA AB Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is a bovine Lentivirus genetically similar to bovine immunodeficiency virus; it causes an acute and sometimes fatal disease in infected animals. This virus carries a very potent Tat that can strongly activate not only its own long terminal repeat (LTR) but also the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) LTR. In contrast, HIV Tat cannot reciprocally activate the JDV LTR (H. Chen, G. E, Wilcox, G. Kertayadnya, and C. Wood, J. Virol. 73:658-666, 1999). This indicates that in transactivation JDV Tat may utilize a mechanism similar to but not the same as that of the HIV Tat. To further study the similarity of JDV and HIV tat in transactivation, we first tested the responses of a series of HIV LTR mutants to the JDV Tat. Cross-transactivation of HIV LTR by JDV Tat was impaired by mutations that disrupted the HIV type 1 transactivation response element (TAR) RNA stem-loop structure. Our results demonstrated that JDV Tat, like HIV Tat, transactivated the HIV LTR at least partially in a TAR-dependent manner. However, the sequence in the loop region of TAR was not as critical for the function of JDV Tat as it was for HIV Tat. The competitive inhibition of Tat-induced transactivation by the truncated JDV or HIV Tat, which consisted only of the activation domain, suggested that similar cellular factors were involved in both JDV and HIV Tat-induced transactivation. Based on the one-round transfection assay with HIV tat mutant proviruses, the cotransfected JDV tat plasmid can functionally complement the HIV tat defect. To further characterize the effect of JDV Tat on HIV, a stable chimeric HIV carrying the JDV tat gene was generated. This chimeric HIV replicated in a T-cell line, C8166, and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which suggested that JDV Tat can functionally substitute for HIV Tat. Further characterization of this chimeric virus will help to elucidate how JDV Tat functions and to explain the differences between HIV and JDV Tat transactivation. C1 Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Murdoch Univ, Div Vet & Biomed Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Wood, C (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, E319 Beadle Ctr,POB 880666, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 62 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 74 IS 6 BP 2703 EP 2713 DI 10.1128/JVI.74.6.2703-2713.2000 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 286LH UT WOS:000085447100024 PM 10684286 ER PT J AU Loucks, DP Stakhiv, EZ Martin, LR AF Loucks, DP Stakhiv, EZ Martin, LR TI Sustainable water resources management SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Loucks, DP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 17 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 126 IS 2 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2000)126:2(43) PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 285FT UT WOS:000085379600001 ER PT J AU Panchang, V Chen, W Xu, B Schlenker, K Demirbilek, Z Okihiro, M AF Panchang, V Chen, W Xu, B Schlenker, K Demirbilek, Z Okihiro, M TI Exterior bathymetric effects in elliptic harbor wave models SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION METHOD; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS AB Traditional elliptic harbor wave models are based on the assumptions that the region outside the computational gr is of constant depth and that the exterior coastlines are collinear and fully reflecting. These assumptions, which are associated with the open boundary, are generally not met in practice. This paper demonstrates that the effects of exterior depth variations on model results can be substantial, leading to unreliable simulations even with sophisticated modern wave models. A technique is developed to overcome these Limitations. It is based on a one-dimensional representation to better simulate the effect of the exterior bathymetry. The results of the one-dimensional model are then interfaced along the open boundary of a two-dimensional finite-element harbor wave model. The new model is tested against analytical solutions for the case of wave propagation on a sloping beach, which is a difficult problem for harbor models in use today. Excellent results are obtained, suggesting that improved representation of the cross-shore slopes while treating the open boundaries may enhance the usefulness of these models. C1 Natl Sea Grant Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Civil Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Coast & Hydr Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Hawaii, Sch Oc & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Panchang, V (reprint author), Natl Sea Grant Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 126 IS 2 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2000)126:2(71) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 285KX UT WOS:000085389200002 ER PT J AU Maynord, ST AF Maynord, ST TI Power versus speed for shallow draft navigation SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB A model is developed for estimating the applied power of a tow as a function of tow speed through water, tow size, tow integration, local depth, channel size, and whether the towboat has Kort nozzles or open wheel propellers. The model computes the total resistance of the tow by considering friction resistance, resistance due to water level drawdown, form (pressure) resistance, and the effects of shallow water and size of the channel cross section. The effective push of the towboat is equated to the resistance, and the applied power is determined from empirical relations developed for typical towboats. Comparison with observed tows shows that the model provides a reasonable estimate of the applied power. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Maynord, ST (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 126 IS 2 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2000)126:2(103) PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 285KX UT WOS:000085389200006 ER PT J AU Bucher, G AF Bucher, G TI Struggling to survive: Soviet women in the postwar years SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HISTORY LA English DT Article AB Based on propaganda, archival sources, and interviews, this article argues that under conditions of extreme material hardship, traditional Russian culture and Soviet values united to place unrealistic expectations on women who bore the brunt of post-World War II production and reproduction goals. As women faced the conflicting responsibilities of rebuilding the economy and repopulating the Soviet Union, the press bombarded them with images of women who successfully fulfilled all the demands placed upon them. In the absence of adequate support facilities, economic reality shaped women's lives more profoundly than state demands, and most women attempted to balance their duties by privileging domestic concerns over professional advancement, limiting family size, and developing strategies to deal with the difficulties of postwar life. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bucher, G (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIANA UNIV PRESS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 601 N MORTON STREET, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404-3797 USA SN 1042-7961 J9 J WOMENS HIST JI J. Womens Hist. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 1 BP 137 EP 159 PG 23 WC History; Women's Studies SC History; Women's Studies GA 377FG UT WOS:000165501600006 PM 19326589 ER PT J AU Arciero, RA AF Arciero, RA TI Acute arthroscopic Bankart repair? SO KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Letter ID ANTERIOR SHOULDER DISLOCATIONS; TIME C1 Dept Army, US Army Med Dept Act, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Arciero, RA (reprint author), Dept Army, US Army Med Dept Act, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0942-2056 J9 KNEE SURG SPORT TR A JI Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 8 IS 2 BP 127 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s001670050199 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 304LJ UT WOS:000086485100013 PM 10795677 ER PT J AU Ramsey, MJ DerSimonian, R Holtel, MR Burgess, LPA AF Ramsey, MJ DerSimonian, R Holtel, MR Burgess, LPA TI Corticosteroid treatment for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis: A meta-analysis SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Western Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 08-10, 1999 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otol Soc, W Sect DE meta; analysis; corticosteroids; idiopathic facial nerve paralysis; Bell's palsy ID BELLS-PALSY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; DOUBLE-BLIND; STEROIDS; PREDNISONE; PROGNOSIS; ACYCLOVIR; ROCHESTER; MINNESOTA; THERAPY AB Objective: A meta-analysis was designed to evaluate facial recovery in patients with complete idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (IFNP) by comparing outcomes of those treated with corticosteroid therapy with outcomes of those treated with placebo or no treatment. Study Design: Meta-analysis of prospective trials evaluating corticosteroid therapy for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. Methods: A protocol was followed outlining methods for trial selection, data extraction, and statistical analysis. A MEDLINE search of the English language literature was performed to identify clinical trials evaluating steroid treatment of IFNP, Three independent observers used an eight-point analysis to determine inclusion criteria. Data analysis was limited to individuals with clinically complete IFNP. The endpoints measured were clinically complete or incomplete facial motor recovery. Effect magnitude and significance were evaluated by calculating the rate difference and Fisher's Exact Test P value. Pooled analysis was performed with a random effects model. Results: Forty-seven trials were identified. Of those, 27 were prospective and 20 retrospective. Three prospective trials met the inclusion criteria. Tests of heterogeneity indicate the trial with the smallest sample size (RD = -0.19; 95% CI, -0.58-0.20), to be an outlier. It was excluded from the final analysis, Analyses of data from the remaining two studies indicate corticosteroid treatment improves complete facial motor recovery for individuals with complete IFNP, Rate difference demonstrates a 17% (99% CI, 0.01-0.32) improvement in clinically complete recovery for the treatment group based on the random effects model. Conclusions: Corticosteroid treatment provides a clinically and statistically significant improvement in recovery of function in complete IFNP. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, MCHK DSH, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Ramsey, MJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, MCHK DSH, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 57 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD MAR PY 2000 VL 110 IS 3 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1097/00005537-200003000-00001 PN 1 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 291QR UT WOS:000085748000001 PM 10718415 ER PT J AU Cogan, J Gutman, W Measure, E Bustamante, D Vaucher, G AF Cogan, J Gutman, W Measure, E Bustamante, D Vaucher, G TI Neural network retrieval of wind velocity profiles from satellite data SO METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SOUNDINGS AB A method has been developed for retrieval of mind velocity profiles from satellite rounder radiances wing a neural network technique. Each mind velocity represents a mean value for a layer approximately centred at that standard height or pressure level. The neural network input vector includes sounder radiances from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), plus ancillary information such as latitude and longitude. A set of 'co-incident' rawinsonde soundings provide the 'truth' data set. In the initial results root mean square errors for the standard levels from 850 to 300 hPa have about the same magnitude as those for current methods such as tracking of moisture features in GOES imagery. As with more traditional methods, the largest root mean square error occurs near the tropopause. Although the results to date appear highly promising, considerable further work is needed before me have an operationally capable technique. C1 USA, Res Lab, Informat Sci & Technol Directorate, White Sands Missile Rang, NM 88002 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Cogan, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Informat Sci & Technol Directorate, White Sands Missile Rang, NM 88002 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1350-4827 J9 METEOROL APPL JI Meteorol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1017/S1350482700001419 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 308YD UT WOS:000086739700007 ER PT J AU Lind, DR AF Lind, DR TI Media rights of access to proceedings, information, and participants in military criminal cases SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TRIAL C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Lind, DR (reprint author), Off Judge Advocate Gen, Criminal Law Div, Joint Serv Comm Policy Branch, Rosslyn, VA USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 BP 1 EP 90 PG 90 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 296UF UT WOS:000086044200001 ER PT J AU Borch, CFL AF Borch, CFL TI Honor bound SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Signal Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Borch, CFL (reprint author), USA, Signal Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 BP 150 EP 153 PG 4 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 296UF UT WOS:000086044200004 ER PT J AU Meyer, JM AF Meyer, JM TI A better war: Unexamined victories and final tragedy of America's last years in Vietnam SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 48, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Meyer, JM (reprint author), USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 BP 154 EP 159 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 296UF UT WOS:000086044200005 ER PT J AU Harper, MEA AF Harper, MEA TI Agent of destiny: The life and times of General Winfield Scott SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 48, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 163 BP 163 EP 171 PG 9 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 296UF UT WOS:000086044200007 ER PT J AU Welch, PG Abbott, KC Oliver, DK Welch, PG AF Welch, PG Abbott, KC Oliver, DK Welch, PG TI The Walter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website: A tool for military-wide provider and patient education SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SERUM CREATININE; PREDICTION AB Objectives: Military medical subspecialists consult with referring physicians, direct patient care and education, support isolated subspecialists, and maintain cohesive readiness plans, The World Wide Web appears promising in fulfilling these roles. Methods: A website providing directed resources, the Waiter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website (http:// www.wramc.amedd.army.mil/departments/medicine/nephro/NEPHROLOGY/index.htm!), is described in the context of its role in military medicine and online publishing. Results: The Waiter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website provides educational resources for both patients and physicians worldwide, It remains the only Army internal medicine website to offer online category I continuing medical education credits free to military physicians, and it also allows online graduate medical education, Conclusions: Military medical subspecialty programs can use the World Wide Web to provide consultation and education to distant and isolated patients and providers in a practical, feasible manner. This process can be expanded to education in operational medicine and other military-specific medical topics. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Welch, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 3 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 294TJ UT WOS:000085926200008 PM 10741080 ER PT J AU Wheeler, GA Jackson, JL Phillips, Y AF Wheeler, GA Jackson, JL Phillips, Y TI The Army American College of Physicians Annual Scientific Meeting: Attendee motivation and educational value SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wheeler, GA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 3 BP 211 EP 213 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 294TJ UT WOS:000085926200013 PM 10741085 ER PT J AU Adams, SR AF Adams, SR TI Understanding women who are violent in intimate relationships: Implications for Army Family Advocacy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL AGGRESSION AB Women who are violent in intimate relationships is a controversial and neglected subject in the area of spouse abuse in the civilian and military communities. Researchers report that women initiate more acts of violence than their male partners. This article provides a review of the literature, which identifies the high rates of violence by women against their male partners. In addition, this article discusses the context in which women offend and the motivations of women offenders. The implication for the Army Family Advocacy Program (FAP) is to enhance providers' clinical knowledge and increase community members' awareness so that FAP personnel can appropriately intervene with abusive couples. The goal of this author is to argue for broadening the scope of spouse abuse to include violence perpetrated by women. C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 165 IS 3 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 294TJ UT WOS:000085926200014 PM 10741086 ER PT J AU Thach, AB Dugel, PU Sipperley, JO Sneed, SR Hollifield, RD Park, DW Jacobsen, J Howard, RS Ward, TP AF Thach, AB Dugel, PU Sipperley, JO Sneed, SR Hollifield, RD Park, DW Jacobsen, J Howard, RS Ward, TP TI Outcome of sulcus fixation of dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses using temporary externalization of the haptics SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY NOV 08-11, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID PARS-PLANA VITRECTOMY; PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY; CILIARY SULCUS; TRANSSCLERAL FIXATION; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; MANAGEMENT; COMPLICATIONS; IMPLANTATION; ABSENCE; CAPSULE AB Objective: This study evaluated the visual outcome and complications of repositioning and sulcus fixation of a dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) using a technique in which the haptics of the IOL are temporarily externalized for suture placement. Design: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. Participants: Seventy-eight patients with a dislocated PC IOL, Intervention: All patients underwent surgery to fixate the PC IOL using this technique. Main Outcome Measures: Patients were evaluated for visual acuity, refractive error, and surgical complications associated with the procedure. Results: The average visual acuity before surgery was 20/205 (range, 20/20 to light perception), with a median refractive error of -1.00 diopters (D; range, -7.25-+15.00 D). After surgery, the average visual acuity improved to 20/72 (range, 20/20 to no light perception), with a median refractive error of -0.75 D (range, -5.50-+3.50 D), Patients were observed for a median of 15.5 months (range, 6-57 months), Twenty patients had postoperative cystoid macular edema (26%), 7 patients had an epiretinal membrane (ERM) (9%), and 5 patients had a retinal detachment (6%). Eight patients (10%) experienced iris capture of the sutured IOL, and in three patients (4%) the PC IOL dislocated again after surgery. Conclusions: This technique is an effective method for securing a dislocated PC IOL, (C) 2000 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Retinal Consultants Arizona, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Dugel, PU (reprint author), 10615 W Thunderbird,Suite D-500, Sun City, AZ 85351 USA. NR 59 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 107 IS 3 BP 480 EP 484 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)00111-6 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 288CZ UT WOS:000085545400022 PM 10711884 ER PT J AU Karlsen, RE Gorsich, DJ Gerhart, GR AF Karlsen, RE Gorsich, DJ Gerhart, GR TI Target classification via support vector machines SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE support vector machine; target classification; neural network; computer vision AB The area of automatic target classification has been a difficult problem for many years. Many approaches involve extracting information from the imagery through a variety of statistical filtering and sampling techniques, resulting in a reduced dimension feature vector that is the input for a learning algorithm. We introduce the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, which is a wide margin classifier that can provide reasonable results for sparse data sets and whose training speed can be nearly independent of feature vector size. Therefore, we can avoid the feature extraction step and process the images directly. The SVM algorithm has the additional features that there am few parameters to adjust and the solutions are unique for a given training set. We apply SVM to a vehicle classification problem and compare the results to standard neural network approaches. We find that the SVM algorithm gives equivalent or higher correct classification results compared to neural networks. (C) 2000 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(00)02703-3]. C1 USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Karlsen, RE (reprint author), USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 39 IS 3 BP 704 EP 711 DI 10.1117/1.602417 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 294LQ UT WOS:000085913100018 ER PT J AU Ernst, GP Saliba, E Diduch, DR Hurwitz, SR Ball, DW AF Ernst, GP Saliba, E Diduch, DR Hurwitz, SR Ball, DW TI Lower-extremity compensations following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT APTA Physical Therapy 1998 Scientific Meeting and Exposition CY JUN 06, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Phys Therapy Assoc DE anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; compensation; functional tests; lower-extremity kinetics ID PATELLAR; TENDON; KNEE; REHABILITATION; STRENGTH AB Background and Purpose. Several studies have demonstrated that patients with knee injury scored within a normal range during one-legged hop tests yet showed quadriceps femoris muscle weakness with non-weight-bearing isokinetic testing. This study evaluated lower-extremity kinetics while subjects performed a single-leg vertical jump (VJ) and a lateral step-up (LSU) in an attempt to explain this phenomenon. Subjects and Methods. Using a motion analysis and force platform system, hip, knee, and ankle extension moments of 20 subjects with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions and 20 matched subjects were measured while they performed an LSU and a VJ. Results. An analysis of variance revealed that the knee extension moment of the ACL-reconstructed extremity was lower than that of the uninjured and matched extremities during the LSU, VJ take-off, and VJ landing. However, there was no difference in summated extension moment (hip + knee + ankle) among extremities during the LSU and VJ take-off. The summated extension moment of the ACL-reconstructed extremity during VJ landing was less than that of the uninvolved and matched extremities. Conclusions and Discussion. These results suggest that the hip or ankle extensors may compensate for the knee extension moment deficit. The decrease in summated extension moment in the ACL-reconstructed extremity during VJ landing represents inadequate attenuation of landing forces, which may expose the skeleton and joint structures to injury. C1 USN, Med Serv Corps, Washington, DC 20350 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Virginia, Curry Sch Educ, Dept Human Serv, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Ernst, GP (reprint author), 182 Artillery Post Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 34 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 80 IS 3 BP 251 EP 260 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 294BA UT WOS:000085889000003 PM 10696152 ER PT J AU Dong, XQ Lindler, LE Chu, MC AF Dong, XQ Lindler, LE Chu, MC TI Complete DNA sequence and analysis of an emerging cryptic plasmid isolated from Yersinia pestis SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Y-pestis; plasmid ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REPLICATION; INITIATOR; ITERONS; PROTEIN; ORIGIN AB A 6-kb cryptic plasmid (pYC; 5919 bp) has been recovered from Yersinia pestis isolates originating from regions of Yunnan province in China. The sequence of pYC was determined, and analysis of the sequence has revealed that two of the plasmid DNA regions (ORFs 10 and 11) are similar to the DinJ1 and DinJ2 gene products: encoded by Escherichia coli chromosomal DNA. This plasmid is increasingly harbored by Y. pestis isolates recovered from a domestic rodent cycle in the southern regions of the province. Further studies will determine the origin and function of pYC. C1 Yunnan Prov Inst Epidem Dis Control & Res, Dali, Yunnan, Peoples R China. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Chu, MC (reprint author), POB 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD MAR PY 2000 VL 43 IS 2 BP 144 EP 148 DI 10.1006/plas.1999.1432 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 292VG UT WOS:000085815300006 PM 10686133 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Sloan, JM Barbari, TA AF Elabd, YA Sloan, JM Barbari, TA TI Diffusion of acetonitrile in conformational isomers of an H12MDI polyurethane SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polyurethane; H12MDI; isomers ID FTIR-ATR SPECTROSCOPY; METHYL ETHYL KETONE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ELASTOMERS; POLYISOBUTYLENE; DIISOCYANATE; MORPHOLOGY; MIXTURES; POLYMERS; SORPTION AB The diffusion of acetonitrile in conformational isomers of the aliphatic polyurethane, H12MDI (4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate)/BD (1,4-butanediol)/PTMO (poly(tetramethylene oxide)), was investigated at a fixed hard segment content of 29.9 wt%. The effective diffusion coefficient, measured experimentally using FTIR-ATR (Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance) spectroscopy, decreased as the trans-trans percentage in the hard segment increased. The spectra for the polyurethanes revealed higher fractions of hydrogen-bound C=O (carbonyl) groups at higher trans-trans percentages, which was consistent with higher values of hard segment T-g. During acetonitrile diffusion experiments, a shift from hydrogen-bound to free carbonyl groups in the hard segment domains occurred and hydrogen-bound C=N and NH peaks appeared suggesting that acetonitrile is solvating to the hard segments in the polymer. Based on these findings, the trend observed for the effective diffusion coefficient may be attributed to tortuosity and penetrant solvation in the polyurethane. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Barbari, TA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 6 BP 2203 EP 2212 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00398-5 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 271TB UT WOS:000084608600026 ER PT J AU Rajagopalan, G Immordino, KM Gillespie, JW McKnight, SH AF Rajagopalan, G Immordino, KM Gillespie, JW McKnight, SH TI Diffusion and reaction of epoxy and amine in polysulfone studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: experimental results SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Zepoxy-amine/polysulfone; swelling; ATR-FTIR ID THERMOSET CURE; FREE-VOLUME; FTIR-ATR; KINETICS; BLENDS; POLYMERS AB Multi-component diffusion of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy and an aliphatic diamine, bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)-methane (PACM 20) into amorphous polysulfone (PSU) using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-FTIR) technique has been studied, Results indicated that the diffusion of the larger epoxy molecule in polysulfone occurred more quickly when diffusing in the presence of the amine, This behavior and slight deviation of the experimental data from classical Fickian kinetics for amine diffusion into polysulfone were attributed to a finite amount of polysulfone swelling. The diffusion of a model end-capped (non-reactive) epoxy into a polysulfone film saturated with amine was studied to quantify thr effect of the amine-induced polysulfone swelling on the diffusivity of the second component. In the DGEBA/PACM 20 system, simultaneous diffusion and reaction in PSU was quantified. Reaction rates in the PSU did not significantly deviate from intrinsic reaction rates of the bulk material. SEM studies of etched epoxy-amine-PSU interphases reveal a semi-interpenetrating network of cured epoxy-amine ranging from 0.6 to 2.4 mu m, depending on the processing temperature. The formation of this interphase structure is the primary method of load transfer between these dissimilar materials. This work demonstrates the diffusion, subsequent reaction, and final phase separation as the mechanism for interphase formation in the polysulfone/epoxy-amine system studied, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gillespie, JW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM gillespie@ccum.udel.edu NR 29 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 7 BP 2591 EP 2602 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00418-8 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 273ZX UT WOS:000084740200028 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Consultation-liaison psychiatry drug-drug interactions update SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Willmar Reg Treatment Ctr, Willmar, MN 56201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Willmar Reg Treatment Ctr, 1550 Hwy 71 N, Willmar, MN 56201 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 2 BP 155 EP 156 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.41.2.155 PG 2 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 294PZ UT WOS:000085920700013 PM 10749957 ER PT J AU Chisick, MC AF Chisick, MC TI Do military dentists advise tobacco users to quit? The patient's perspective SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE tobacco; tobacco cessation; active duty military personnel; dental care provider ID CESSATION ADVICE; SMOKING; ATTITUDES; PHYSICIANS; PREVENTION; STOP AB This study explores whether tobacco users in the US military report having been counseled against tobacco use by a military dentist. The data come from a 26-site survey of active duty Army, Navy, Marine, and Air Force personnel conducted from April 1994 to January 1995. A prestratified, random sample was drawn. Women and minorities were oversampled. Respondents provided demographic and tobacco use data by self-administered questionnaires. Of 12 950 respondents (81% response rate), 4777 reported using some type of tobacco. Prior to analysis, the data were weighted to reflect the military population. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis were employed to determine what demographic and clinical factors are associated with having been counseled against tobacco use. Results show that among tobacco users, cigarettes (73%) ale the most popular type of tobacco consumed followed by snuff (23%), pipes (12%), chewing tobacco (8%), and cigars (5%). Advisement to cease tobacco use varies across type of tobacco consumed, with snuff users (72%) most likely and pipe smokers (57%) least likely being advised to quit. Logistic regression results show that advisement to quit tobacco use varies across patient demographics but is unrelated to periodontal health status. Military dentists should be encouraged to counsel all patients who use tobacco to quit. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Hlth Promot & Wellness, Outcomes & Evaluat Serv, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chisick, MC (reprint author), 2422 Bibury Lane,Apt 203, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD MAR PY 2000 VL 114 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 308HF UT WOS:000086703900006 PM 10800152 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Gilliland, WR Hnatiuk, OW AF Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Gilliland, WR Hnatiuk, OW TI Osseous disease in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and musculoskeletal symptoms SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bone; sarcoidosis; scintigraphy ID BONE AB Little is known about the clinical manifestations and correlates of osseous sarcoidosis and few data exist to guide pulmonologists in their evaluation of patients far possible osseous involvement. To determine the relationship between pulmonary and osseous sarcoidosis, and to develop an algorithm for use by pulmonologists in assessing patients with suspected osseous sarcoidosis, we conducted a retrospective, case control study of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and musculoskeletal complaints who were evaluated for osseous disease. All patients underwent a standard evaluation to include physical examination, chest radiograph (CXR), spirometry (PFTs), bone scintigraphy and plain radiographs of the hands and feet. Patients completed a health assessment questionnaire and serum angiotensin converting enzyme, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were measured. Patients eventually diagnosed with osseous sarcoidosis were compared to those lacking osseous involvement. sseous involvement in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and musculoskeletal symptoms was common and seen in 38.9% of subjects. Patients with osseous sarcoidosis were more likely to concomitantly suffer from cutaneous sarcoidosis and to have elevated ACE levels and ESRs. No measure of pulmonary involvement (CXR stage, PFTs or symptoms) differentiated patients with osseous sarcoidosis from those without this condition. In cases of osseous sarcoidosis, bone scintigraphy identified a mean of four sites of osseous involvement, some of which would have been missed with the use of plain radiographs limited to the hands and feet. We conclude that in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis who have significant musculoskeletal complaints, osseous involvement is frequent. Pulmonary features of sarcoidosis do not differ between patients with and without osseous disease. Bone scintigraphy aids in the evaluation of these patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0954-6111 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 94 IS 3 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1053/rmed.1999.0709 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 304VW UT WOS:000086505700007 PM 10783933 ER PT J AU Hilton, JD AF Hilton, JD TI US army corps of engineers dredging program SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA Corps Engineers, Dept Army, Headquarters Off, Dredging & Navigat Branch,Civil Works DIrectorate, Washington, DC USA. RP Hilton, JD (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Dept Army, Headquarters Off, Dredging & Navigat Branch,Civil Works DIrectorate, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 41 IS 3 BP 21 EP 24 PG 4 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 297QP UT WOS:000086094400004 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Lee, BR Bishoff, AT Janetschek, G Bunyaratavej, P Kamolpronwijit, W Ratchanon, S O'Kelley, S Cadeddu, JA Micali, S Micali, F Li, MK Goh, P Png, D Kavoussi, LR AF Bauer, JJ Lee, BR Bishoff, AT Janetschek, G Bunyaratavej, P Kamolpronwijit, W Ratchanon, S O'Kelley, S Cadeddu, JA Micali, S Micali, F Li, MK Goh, P Png, D Kavoussi, LR TI International surgical telementoring using a robotic arm: Our experience SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INITIAL CLINICAL-EXPERIENCE; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; LEARNING-CURVE AB To determine the clinical utility of delivering remote subspecialty surgical care using a novel telesurgical mentoring system with current telemedicine technology. A personal computer-based system was developed to immerse a surgical specialist into a distant operating room utilizing public telephone lines. This system incorporates standard video conferencing (VTC) hardware with live video telestration (white boarding) capability and remote robotic control of a laparoscope camera. From Baltimore, Maryland, multiple laparoscopic surgical procedures were conducted to demonstrate the ability to telementor less experienced surgeons placed at remote locations in Austria, Thailand, Italy, and Singapore. Telecommunications links were successfully established to these remote locations that ranged in distance from approximately 4500 to 11,000 miles. There was no perceptible impact of time delay on the surgical procedures. All procedures were successfully completed without complications. This successful demonstration of international telementoring suggests that remote mentoring is a viable method of instructing less experienced surgeons through potentially complex surgical procedures. This novel approach in projecting expert surgical care may improve patient access to specialty care on a worldwide basis. C1 USA, MRMC, TATRC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Univ Innsbruck, Dept Urol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Chulalongkorn Hosp, Div Urol, Bangkok, Thailand. Lerdsin Gen Hosp, Bangkok Gen Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Int Serv, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Urol, Rome, Italy. Natl Univ Singapore, Johns Hopkins Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP USA, MRMC, TATRC, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM bauer@tatrc.org RI Micali, Salvatore/J-8179-2016 OI Micali, Salvatore/0000-0003-2121-1897 NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1078-3024 J9 TELEMED J JI Telemed. J. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 6 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1089/107830200311824 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 309LL UT WOS:000086754000004 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Holladay, SD Lippenholz, KS Jenkins, JL McCain, WC AF Johnson, MS Holladay, SD Lippenholz, KS Jenkins, JL McCain, WC TI Effects of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in a holistic environmental exposure regime on a terrestrial salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TNT; phagocytosis; melanomacrophages; microcosm; earthworms; Ambystomatidae ID ORAL TOXICITY; POPULATIONS; RATS; TRINITROTOLUENE; PHAGOCYTOSIS; DOGS; IRON; TNT AB 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a defense-related environmental contaminant present at high concentrations in soil at some military installations. Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum, family Ambystomatidae) were exposed to TNT in a soil matrix and fed earth worms that had also been exposed to TNT via contaminated soil. Such exposure was previously shown to result in significant accumulation of both TNT and TNT metabolites by salamanders. Following 14 days of combined oral and dermal exposures, salamanders were evaluated for signs of toxicity. Control and TNT-exposed salamanders gained weight (p < 0.025). In addition, organ to body weight ratios (kidney, liver, and spleen) were not affected by treatment. The function of splenic phagocytic cells was evaluated because these cells are sensitive to certain environmental chemical exposures. Neither the chemiluminescence response (H2O2, production) nor the phagocytic capacity of such cells were different between controls and treatment groups. In like manner, no changes were seen in the peripheral hematologic parameters investigated. Histopathologic evaluations were inconclusive, yet the liver revealed the presence of heavily pigmented iron-rich phagocytes (melanomacrophages). This investigation presents a realistic approach and preliminary data for investigating the effects of xenobiotic exposure in a soil matrix on a terrestrial vertebrate. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxicol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxicol Directorate, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS PI MT ROYAL PA 19 MANTUA RD, MT ROYAL, NJ 08061 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 28 IS 2 BP 334 EP 341 DI 10.1177/019262330002800214 PG 8 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 298NP UT WOS:000086146300014 PM 10805152 ER PT J AU Szilagyi, M Rivera, VR Neal, D Merrill, GA Poli, MA AF Szilagyi, M Rivera, VR Neal, D Merrill, GA Poli, MA TI Development of sensitive colorimetric capture elisas for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A and B SO TOXICON LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ANTIBODIES; TOXIN AB Sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were developed to detect Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A (BoNT A) and B (BoNT B) in assay buffer and human serum. The assay is based upon affinity-purified horse polyclonal antibodies directed against the similar to 50 kDa C-fragments of each toxin. Standard curves were linear over the range of 0.1-10 ng/mL. Detection was possible at 0.2 ng/mL (20 pg/well) and accurate quantitation at 0.5 ng/mL (50 pg/well) in assay buffer and 10% human serum. Variations between triplicates was typically 5-10%. Less than 1% cross reactivity occurred between other serotypes when each assay was performed against serotypes A, B and E. When tested against toxins complexed to their associated nontoxic proteins, interference was absent (BoNT B) or <25% (BoNT A). These assays demonstrate sensitivity close to that of the mouse bioassay without the use of animals and in a much simpler format than other reported assays of similar sensitivity. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Toxinol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Def Sci & Technol Org, Aeronaut & Maritime Res Lab, Maribyrnong, Vic 3032, Australia. Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78247 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Poli, MA (reprint author), USA, Toxinol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Poreter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 10 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAR PY 2000 VL 38 IS 3 BP 381 EP 389 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00168-3 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 261ND UT WOS:000084014500007 PM 10669027 ER PT J AU Johnson, GE Adams, NS Johnson, RL Rondorf, DW Dauble, DD Barila, TY AF Johnson, GE Adams, NS Johnson, RL Rondorf, DW Dauble, DD Barila, TY TI Evaluation of the prototype surface bypass for salmonid smolts in spring 1996 and 1997 at Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River, Washington SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COLUMBIA RIVER; WELLS DAM; PASSAGE; BEHAVIOR AB In spring 1996 and 1997, we studied the prototype surface bypass and collector (SBC) at Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River in Washington. Our objectives were to determine the most efficient SBC configuration and to describe smolt movements and swimming behavior in the forebay. To do this, we used hydroacoustic and radiotelemetry techniques. The SBC was retrofitted onto the upstream face of the north half of the powerhouse to test the surface bypass method of diverting smolts from turbines. The SBC had three entrances, with mean velocities ranging from 0.37 to 1.92 m/s, and it discharged 113 m(3)/s through its outlet at Spill Bay I, which was adjacent to the powerhouse. Different SBC configurations were created by altering the size and shape of entrances. During spring 1996 and 1997, river discharge was well above normal (123 and 154% of average, respectively). Powerhouse operations caused a strong downward component of flow upstream of the SBC. Many smolts (primarily steelhead and secondarily chinook salmon) were observed actively swimming upward in the water column. There were four times as many smolts diverted from turbines per unit volume of water with SBC flow than with spill flow, which indicated that the SBC may be an especially important bypass consideration in moderate- or low-flow years. The highest SBC efficiency (the proportion of total fish passing through the north half of the powerhouse by all routes that passed through the SEC) for any configuration tested was about 40%. Although no single SBC configuration stood out as the most efficient, the horizontal surface and maximum area configurations, or some combination of the two. are worth further investigation because they were moderately efficient. C1 Battelles Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Cook, WA 98605 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Johnson, GE (reprint author), BioAnalysts Inc, 11807 NE 99th St,Suite 1160, Vancouver, WA 98682 USA. NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAR PY 2000 VL 129 IS 2 BP 381 EP 397 DI 10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129<0381:EOTPSB>2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 342GB UT WOS:000088635900004 ER PT J AU Mettille, FC Salata, KF Belanger, KJ Casleton, BG Kelly, DJ AF Mettille, FC Salata, KF Belanger, KJ Casleton, BG Kelly, DJ TI Reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted rickettsial disease by WBC filtration, using Orientia tsutsugamushi in a model system SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID SCRUB TYPHUS; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODY AB BACKGROUND: Careful donor screening and infectious disease marker testing have significantly reduced the incidence of transfusion-transmitted diseases and improved the safety of the blood supply. However, transfusion-transmitted diseases resulting from the use of asymptomatic yet infectious donors continue to put patients at risk. This study was undertaken to determine if third-generation WBC filters could remove Orientia tsutsugamushi-infected cells from contaminated blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Packed RBCs were inoculated with human MNCs infected with O. tsutsugamushi at levels estimated to occur in asymptomatic infectious donors. WBC reduction was accomplished with a third-generation WBC filter. Prefiltration and postfiltration specimens were collected, serially diluted, and injected into mice to determine the infectivity of the samples. RESULTS: Mice receiving WBC-reduced packed RBCs showed no signs of illness or markers of infectivity, which suggested that a reduction of as much as 10(5) infectious rickettsiae could be achieved by filtration. CONCLUSION: The high-efficiency, third-generation, WBC-reduction filters that were tested may provide protection against the transfusion transmission of scrub typhus rickettsiae by removing from contaminated blood cells that contain intracellular bacteria. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Rickettsial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Biol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. RP Mettille, FC (reprint author), USJFC, 1562 Mitscher Ave,Suite 200, Norfolk, VA 23551 USA. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAR PY 2000 VL 40 IS 3 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40030290.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 296QT UT WOS:000086036200006 PM 10738028 ER PT J AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, A TI Piezoelectric excitation of semiconductor plates SO ULTRASONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Joint Meeting Ultrasonics International Conference/World Congress on Ultrasonics (UI 99/WCU 99) CY JUN 29-JUL 01, 1999 CL TECH UNIV DENMARK, LYNGBY, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark HO TECH UNIV DENMARK DE piezoelectricity; plates; resonators; semiconductors; vibrations AB The microelectronics revolution is due largely to the electronic properties of semiconducting crystals. Almost all binary semiconductors are piezoelectric, and can be fashioned with high resistivity, permitting incorporation of mechanical motion as an additional variable, leading to the possibility of mixed-effect devices with novel properties. In order to further develop these new structures, this paper provides newly derived expressions for piezoelectric excitation of simple thickness plate modes of binary semiconductors, by both thickness and lateral electric fields. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Communicat Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Communicat Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0041-624X J9 ULTRASONICS JI Ultrasonics PD MAR PY 2000 VL 38 IS 1-8 BP 849 EP 851 DI 10.1016/S0041-624X(99)00100-6 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 307PQ UT WOS:000086662100171 ER PT J AU Gaffin, SL Dietz, FB Brock-Utne, JG Andrews, TC Jaffe, RA Steinberg, GK Wallace, RF AF Gaffin, SL Dietz, FB Brock-Utne, JG Andrews, TC Jaffe, RA Steinberg, GK Wallace, RF TI Rewarming from hypothermia leads to elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cold; accident; endotoxemia; diving; sepsis; translocation; hypothermia ID PULSATILE CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; SYSTEM ORGAN FAILURE; CARDIAC-SURGERY; INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA; NEONATAL PIGLET; ENDOTOXIN; STRESS; FLOW; PERFUSION; INFANTS AB Rewarming victims of hypothermia such as divers or immersion victims, participants in winter sports and military operations, and surgical patients on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may lead to vascular instability, multiorgan failure, shock, and even death. While the causes of these rewarming symptoms are unknown, they may be related to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocated from the intestines into the circulation due to splanchnic ischemia. We have determined LPS during the cooling (to 31.5 degrees-34.0 degrees C) and rewarming phases of hypothermic surgery in 11 patients at the Stanford University Medical Center. During rewarming, there was an LPS spike in 6/11, in one more patient there was an LPS spike during surgery but not during rewarming, and in 4/11 there was no rise in LPS, i.e., a temporary endotoxemia occurred in 7/11 (63.6%) patients, usually at the commencement of rewarming. All four patients with no LPS spike received dexamethasone for at least 7 days before surgery. We propose that hypothermia reduced splanchnic blood flow (BF), causing ischemic damage to the gut wall and translocation of LPS from the gut into the vascular space. Upon rewarming, splanchnic BF is restored, the translocated LPS transits from the splanchnic to the systemic circulations as a bolus, and the gut wall is healed. No sequelae occurred in these patients because of their adequately functioning immune systems. However, had they been immunocompromised, symptoms might have occurred. Rewarming of accident victims probably also incurs a similar risk of endotoxemia, and dexamethasone may have protected the gut wall. Further studies are indicated. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesia & Neurosurg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Gaffin, SL (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 80 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI KENSINGTON PA 10531 METROPOLITAN AVE, KENSINGTON, MD 20895 USA SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 27 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 313BR UT WOS:000086978900001 PM 10813433 ER PT J AU Emery, CM AF Emery, CM TI Tribal government in North America: The evolution of tradition SO URBAN LAWYER LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Emery, CM (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER BAR ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 750 N LAKE SHORE DR, ATTN:ORDER FULFILLMENT, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0042-0905 J9 URBAN LAWYER JI Urban Lawyer PD SPR PY 2000 VL 32 IS 2 BP 315 EP 347 PG 33 WC Law; Urban Studies SC Government & Law; Urban Studies GA 325HY UT WOS:000087671200006 ER PT J AU Jolas, JL Pehkonen, SO Maloney, SW AF Jolas, JL Pehkonen, SO Maloney, SW TI Reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene with graphite and titanium mesh cathodes SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dinitrotoluene; electrochemical; byproducts; diaminotoluene; toxicity; graphite; titanium; reduction ID ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; NITROSOBENZENE; PHENYLHYDROXYLAMINE; BIOTRANSFORMATION; HYDROGENATION; INTERMEDIATE; DEGRADATION; CATALYSIS; PRODUCTS; METAL AB Electrochemical degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) in a bench-scale reactor was studied, and a number of parameters including dissolved oxygen, current, voltage, and electrode shape and material were investigated. Quantified rates of degradation ranged from 0.003 to 0.008 min(-1) for graphite and 0.003 to 0.06 min(-1) for titanium. Products of degradation were identified as diaminotoluene (DAT) and azoxy dimers and, in some cases, were also quantified. An azoxy dimer was found only in experiments with dissolved oxygen, and regioselectivity favoring the first reduction at the para position was evident based on product studies. Degradation studies using a graphite rod cathode were mass-transfer limited, while degradation studies using titanium mesh wire were not. The material of the electrode had a strong influence on degradation rates and on the way that different water quality parameters affect the rate of 2,4-DNT degradation. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Pehkonen, SO (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore. OI Pehkonen, Simo/0000-0002-0362-9176 NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD MAR-APR PY 2000 VL 72 IS 2 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.2175/106143000X137266 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 300EM UT WOS:000086239900009 ER PT J AU Snider, DM AF Snider, DM TI America's postmodern military SO WORLD POLICY JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Snider, DM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD POLICY INST PI NEW YORK PA NEW SCHOOL SOCIAL RESEARCH 65 FIFTH AVE, STE 413, NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0740-2775 J9 WORLD POLICY J JI World Policy J. PD SPR PY 2000 VL 17 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 PG 8 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 300PX UT WOS:000086262300006 ER PT J AU Wraback, M Shen, H Carrano, JC Li, T Campbell, JC Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT AF Wraback, M Shen, H Carrano, JC Li, T Campbell, JC Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT TI Time-resolved electroabsorption measurement of the electron velocity-field characteristic in GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; ZONE BAND-STRUCTURE; BULK ZINCBLENDE; WURTZITE PHASES; TRANSPORT AB A femtosecond optically detected time-of-flight technique that monitors the change in the electroabsorption associated with the transport of photogenerated carriers in a GaN p-i-n diode has been used to determine the room-temperature electron transit time and steady-state velocity as a function of electric field. The peak electron velocity of 1.9 x 10(7) cm/s, corresponding to a transit time of 2.5 ps, is attained at 225 kV/cm. The shape of the velocity-field characteristic is in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)01009-3]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Microelect Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EMCORE Corp, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Wraback, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 9 BP 1155 EP 1157 DI 10.1063/1.125968 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 286PT UT WOS:000085454900025 ER PT J AU Seaman, RL AF Seaman, RL TI Effects of acute systemic 3-nitropropionic acid administration on rat activity and acoustic startle SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 3-nitropropionic acid; locomotor activity; acoustic startle; behavior; prepulse inhibition; neurodegeneration ID HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; BRAIN; ABNORMALITIES; DYSFUNCTION; INHIBITION; LESIONS; DAMAGE; MICE AB Spontaneous activity, acoustic startle, and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle were measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats 3-5 h after 0, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg i.p. 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), a mitochondrial toxin. Mean activity was significantly influenced by the 3-NP dose due to decreased activity for 20 mg/kg. Mean startle amplitude was not significantly affected by the 3-NP dose. Means of PPI for prepulses 6 and 12 dBA above background were smaller than means for respective 0 mg/kg doses, but the main effect of 3-NP dose did not reach statistical significance in ANOVA. The changes in measured exploratory-type activity and, possibly, in startle PPI parallel the occurrence of clinical signs exhibited at 3-5 h after 3-NP injection. Neural processing involved in these quantitative behavioral endpoints seems to be affected as energy stores are depleted and degenerative processes are beginning. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, McKessonHBOC Bioserv & Microwave Bioeffects Branc, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Seaman, RL (reprint author), USA, McKessonHBOC Bioserv & Microwave Bioeffects Branc, Med Res Detachment, POB 35460, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD FEB 25 PY 2000 VL 280 IS 3 BP 183 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)00790-4 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 290VG UT WOS:000085698100008 PM 10675791 ER PT J AU DeGeare, VS Grines, CL AF DeGeare, VS Grines, CL TI Primary percutaneous intervention in octogenarians with acute myocardial infarction: The treatment of choice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; PRIMARY ANGIOPLASTY; MORTALITY; TRIAL C1 William Beaumont Hosp, Div Cardiol, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Grines, CL (reprint author), William Beaumont Hosp, Div Cardiol, 3601 W 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 108 IS 3 BP 257 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00422-2 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 284LU UT WOS:000085334500013 PM 10723983 ER PT J AU Qabar, AN Bullock, J Matej, L Polverini, P AF Qabar, AN Bullock, J Matej, L Polverini, P TI Expression and characterization of novel thrombospondin 1 type I repeat fusion proteins SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE angiogenesis; sprouting; trimeric extracellular matrix proteins ID OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN; CELL-ADHESION; HUMAN BREAST; ANGIOGENESIS INVITRO; BINDING; ATTACHMENT; INHIBITION; CARCINOMA; MOLECULE; GROWTH AB Thrombospondin (TSP)1 is a trimeric extracellular matrix protein that is held together by two cysteine residues. It is one of five TSP proteins that have been described to date with almost a universal heparin binding capability (TSP5 being the exception). The existence of two conformationally distinct structures in the TSP family (trimers and pentamers) prompted us to investigate the contribution of TSP1 trimeric structure to its inhibitory role in angiogenesis. We expressed full-length recombinant human TSP1, its type I repeats, and murine TSP3 in a human embryonic kidney cell line and evaluated their effect on human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC) proliferation and sprouting into tube-like structures in vitro. Additionally, two chimaeric molecules were constructed so that the type I repeats of TSP1 were expressed as either dimers (TSP1-Ig chimaera) or pentamers (TSP1-TSP3 chimaera). Dimeric and pentameric type I constructs are novel structures. We found that, similarly to full-length TSP1, intact trimeric type I repeats were inhibitory to HMVEC angiogenesis in vitro. However, dimeric and pentameric type I repeats of TSP1 only partially inhibited HMVEC proliferation and sprouting in vitro. TSP3, which is lacking type I repeats, had no inhibitory activity, confirming that type I repeats elicit the anti-angiogenic activity of TSP1. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Med Pathol & Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. RP Qabar, AN (reprint author), USA, CHPPM, 5158 Blackhawk Rd,Bldg E-2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 346 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1042/0264-6021:3460147 PN 1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 289TY UT WOS:000085639100020 PM 10657251 ER PT J AU Schrank, AE Labare, MP AF Schrank, AE Labare, MP TI Sulfate release from 2-diisopropylaminoethylsulfonic acid, a derivative of the nerve agent VX, by taurine-utilizing bacteria. SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 39 IS 6 MA 137 BP 1572 EP 1573 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 285NX UT WOS:000085396100178 ER PT J AU Dawson, NA Conaway, M Halabi, S Winer, EP Small, EJ Lake, D Vogelzang, NJ AF Dawson, NA Conaway, M Halabi, S Winer, EP Small, EJ Lake, D Vogelzang, NJ TI A randomized study comparing standard versus moderately high dose megestrol acetate for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma - Cancer and leukemia group B study 9181 SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 18-22, 1996 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol DE carcinoma; hormone refractory; prostate; megestrol acetate ID ANDROGEN-RECEPTOR GENE; CELL LINE LNCAP; PHASE-II; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; ORAL ESTRAMUSTINE; HORMONAL-THERAPY; ANTI-ANDROGENS; END-POINTS; ADENOCARCINOMA AB BACKGROUND. Megestrol acetate (MA) is a synthetic progestin with reported activity in both hormone-sensitive and hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma (HRPC). Based on limited data suggesting a possible dose-response effect, a trial was initiated to compare standard versus moderately high dose MA in HRPC. METHODS. One hundred forty-nine men with hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma were randomized to receive oral MA either at 160 mg/day (low dose) or 640 mg/day (high dose). Patients were stratified by performance status and measurable versus evaluable disease. The primary end point was tumor response. Secondary end points were survival, quality-of-life measures, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) decline. RESULTS. The median survival times of 11.2 months for patients who received the low dose and 12.1 months for patients who received the high dose therapy were not significantly different. Best response was equivalent in the 2 arms: 2 partial responses and 22 patients with stable disease for the 160 mg/day dose, and 1 partial response and 28 patients with stable disease for the 640 mg/day dose. A greater than 50% decline in PSA occurred in 13.8% and 8.8% of patients in the low and high dose treatment arms, respectively. There were no differences in the toxicity or quality-of-life outcomes between the two arms. Poorer performance status (2 vs. 0-1), greater than 5% weight loss, higher baseline PSA, and measurable disease all predicted shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS. MA has limited activity in hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma, and there is no apparent dose-response correlation. (C) 1999 American Cancer Society. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. Ctr Stat, Canc & Leukemia Grp B, Durham, NC USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Inst, New York, NY USA. Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dawson, NA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA26806, CA32291, CA33601] NR 47 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 88 IS 4 BP 825 EP 834 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000215)88:4<825::AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-N PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 282LR UT WOS:000085220000013 PM 10679652 ER PT J AU Gerardi, GJ Poindexter, EH Keeble, DJ AF Gerardi, GJ Poindexter, EH Keeble, DJ TI Paramagnetic centers in Al-doped 6H-SiC: Temperature and concentration effects SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; RESONANCE; ACCEPTOR AB The electron paramagnetic resonance of Al-doped 6H-SiC was investigated over a range of temperature and concentration. The resonance signals attributed to Al substituting for Si (Al-Si) were found to decrease sharply with temperature between 3.4 and 6.0 K. Impurity-band conduction accounts for the anomalous temperature behavior better than other mechanisms. Variable temperature measurements of the Al-Si resonance provide activation energies for hopping conductivity that increase with the free-carrier concentration. The g map of Al-Si was observed to vary with [Al]. Additional resonance signals were found which increase with Al doping level. The temperature and saturation dependence of these signals differ from those of the neutral Al-Si center. One resonance having g(parallel to)=2.08 is detectable below 38 K, while the Al-Si signal is observed below 7 K. For free-carrier concentrations near 10(19) cm(-3), all the resonances are superimposed on a broad anisotropic signal that exhibits complex intensity and linewidth changes with temperature. These additional Al-related signals were not assigned to specific models. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(00)06204-6]. C1 William Paterson Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Phys, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. RP Gerardi, GJ (reprint author), William Paterson Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Phys, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. RI Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 87 IS 4 BP 1914 EP 1920 DI 10.1063/1.372112 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 278MA UT WOS:000084992500049 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Wild blue: Stories of survival from air and space. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 125 IS 3 BP 171 EP 171 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 285XG UT WOS:000085413200124 ER PT J AU Poon, TC Kim, T Indebetouw, G Schilling, BW Wu, MH Shinoda, K Suzuki, Y AF Poon, TC Kim, T Indebetouw, G Schilling, BW Wu, MH Shinoda, K Suzuki, Y TI Twin-image elimination experiments for three-dimensional images in optical scanning holography SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY AB Twin-image elimination in the context of optical scanning holography has recently been proposed. The proposed technique involves simultaneously acquiring sine and cosine Fresnel holograms. A complex hologram is then formed by complex addition of the holograms, and twin-image rejection is predicted by computer simulations. An experimental verification of the technique by optical acquisition of the two holograms and subsequent reconstruction of the complex hologram digitally is reported. Three-dimensional image reconstruction without twin-image noise is demonstrated. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 100.6890, 350.2460. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Hamamatsu Corp, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. Hamamatsu Photon KK, Hamamatsu 434, Japan. RP Poon, TC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 14 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 25 IS 4 BP 215 EP 217 DI 10.1364/OL.25.000215 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 284FB UT WOS:000085319200009 PM 18059833 ER PT J AU Buot, FA Zhao, P Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Krowne, CM AF Buot, FA Zhao, P Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Krowne, CM TI Emitter quantization and double hysteresis in resonant-tunneling structures: A nonlinear model of charge oscillation and current bistability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS; WELL AB The effects of emitter quantization on the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of conventional double-barrier resonant tunneling structures (RTS's) are investigated by numerical, graphical, and analytical methods. Different stability and degrees of emitter quantization can lead to a host of different I-V characteristics in the negative differential resistance (NDR) region. Among these are simple NDR, NDR with a rising plateaulike region and well-separated double hysteresis, and NDR with a falling plateaulike region and well-separated double hysteresis. The ratio of the main hysteresis width to the secondary hysteresis width can vary between 1 and infinity. The use of large enough spacer layers can eliminate the hysteresis and plateaulike behavior. Our numerical results for RTS's are analyzed by employing graphical (based on simulated quantum-well charge) and analytical methods, and compared with experiments. We introduce a nonlinear physical model which is solved analytically for the Limit cycle solution. The limit cycle predicts a rising average current, whereas the nonoscillatory solution predicts a falling current in the plateau region as a function of bias. The limit cycle also predicts a monotonically decreasing amplitude of the current oscillation as a function of bias in the plateau region. The fundamental frequency increases, reaches a maximum, and sharply decreases to zero as a function of bias in the plateau region. These analytical results agree with experiments and numerical simulations. The origin of inductive delay in RTS's is further clarified. We believe we have resolved in fine detail the controversy about the I-V characteristics of conventional RTS's. A prescription for this structure to operate as an all solid-state THz source is also given. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Buot, FA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 8 BP 5644 EP 5665 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.5644 PG 22 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 290ZD UT WOS:000085707000080 ER PT J AU Carrano, JC Lambert, DJH Eiting, CJ Collins, CJ Li, T Wang, S Yang, B Beck, AL Dupuis, RD Campbell, JC AF Carrano, JC Lambert, DJH Eiting, CJ Collins, CJ Li, T Wang, S Yang, B Beck, AL Dupuis, RD Campbell, JC TI GaN avalanche photodiodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB We report the electrical and optical characteristics of avalanche photodiodes fabricated in GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The current-voltage characteristics indicate a multiplication of > 25. Experiment indicates and simulation verifies that the magnitude of the electric field at the onset of avalanche gain is greater than or equal to 3 MV/cm. Small-area devices exhibit stable gain with no evidence of microplasmas. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(00)01207-9]. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Microelect Res, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Carrano, JC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI Beck, Ariane/0000-0002-8622-8377 NR 9 TC 131 Z9 135 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2000 VL 76 IS 7 BP 924 EP 926 DI 10.1063/1.125631 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 280TP UT WOS:000085120100044 ER PT J AU Nitayaphan, S Khamboonruang, C Sirisophana, N Morgan, P Chiu, J Duliege, AM Chuenchitra, C Supapongse, T Rungruengthanakit, K deSouza, M Mascola, JR Boggio, K Ratto-Kim, S Markowitz, LE Birx, D Suriyanon, V McNeil, JG Brown, AE Michael, RA AF Nitayaphan, S Khamboonruang, C Sirisophana, N Morgan, P Chiu, J Duliege, AM Chuenchitra, C Supapongse, T Rungruengthanakit, K deSouza, M Mascola, JR Boggio, K Ratto-Kim, S Markowitz, LE Birx, D Suriyanon, V McNeil, JG Brown, AE Michael, RA CA AFRIMS-RIHES Vaccine Evaluat Grp TI A phase I/II trial of HIVSF2 gp120/MF59 vaccine in seronegative Thais SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Congress on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific CY OCT, 1997 CL MANILA, PHILIPPINES DE HIV-1; vaccine; Thailand ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NEUTRALIZATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; VOLUNTEERS; PREVALENCE; RESPONSES; THAILAND; SUBTYPES; SAFETY; MEN AB Fifty-two human immunodeficiency virus type 1, seronegative Thai adults from the community were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo controlled, phase I/II trial of HIV SF2 gp120/MF59 vaccine to determine the safety and immunogenicity of this recombinant, B clade, HIV envelope protein vaccine. Twenty-six subjects were enrolled at each of two sites in Thailand, Bangkok and Chiang Mai, Twelve subjects received placebo and 40 subjects received vaccine (50 mu g). Subjects were immunized according to one of two schedules, 0, 1 and 4 or 0, 1 and 6 months. The frequency of adverse reactions was not different between placebo and vaccine subjects, nor between immunization schedules. Of vaccinees, all developed high-titer binding antibody to the immunogen (rgp120), 39 developed neutralizing antibody (NA) responses against homologous virus (HIV-1(SF2)), and 22 developed NA against heterologous virus (HIV-1(MN)). No subject demonstrated intercurrent HIV infection, however screening EIA reactivity occurred in 27% of recipients. Thus, this candidate HIV vaccine was found to be safe and immunogenic in Thai adults, laying the foundation for development of a subtype E construct in this population. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Med Dept, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, RIHES, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Chiron Vaccines, Emeryville, CA USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. USA, Med Component AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Nitayaphan, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Med Dept, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. OI waluyo, imam/0000-0002-1813-9487 NR 19 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 14 PY 2000 VL 18 IS 15 BP 1448 EP 1455 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00421-1 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 282BK UT WOS:000085195800004 PM 10618542 ER PT J AU Wu, PF Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR Nakashima, M DeCristofano, BS AF Wu, PF Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR Nakashima, M DeCristofano, BS TI Transient optical modulation with a disperse-red-1-doped polymer film SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID AZOBENZENE; GRATINGS AB Transient optical modulation properties of a disperse-red-1-doped polymer Blm are investigated by use of four-wave mixing with two-color light, interesting behavior is observed for the transient modulation on variation of the two-color light intensities because of competition between the two mechanisms of one-photon (reorientation) and biphoton (isomerization) gratings. Positive and negative modulation as well as double-frequency modulation relative to blue-light input is observed in the experiment. The results may have applications in optical information processing. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Mat Sci Team, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM raod@umbsky.cc.umb.edu RI Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 10 PY 2000 VL 39 IS 5 BP 814 EP 817 DI 10.1364/AO.39.000814 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 284EU UT WOS:000085318400019 PM 18337958 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Buot, FA AF Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Buot, FA TI Origin of hysteresis and plateau-like behavior of the I-V characteristics of resonant tunneling diodes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; OSCILLATIONS; SIMULATION AB In terms of numerical calculation of the coupled Wigner function-Poisson equations, the explanation to the origin of hysteresis and plateau-like behavior of the I-V characteristics of double barrier resonant tunneling devices is put forth. Several basic physical factors play key roles in the process of electron tunneling. Among these the most important factors are the interference of the injected and the reflected electron waves which leads to the formation of an emitter quantum well, the coupling between the energy level in the main quantum well and that in the emitter quantum well, and the coupling between the energy level in the main quantum well and the conduction band edge or the three-dimensional states in the emitter. The interplay of these factors determines the form of the I-V curve of the resonant tunneling structure. The coupling between the energy levels in the emitter quantum-well and the main quantum-well leads to the plateau behavior of the I-V curves. The strength of the coupling determines the average slope of the plateaulike region in the I-V curve. The bias domain that the coupling exists determines the length of the plateau-like structure in the I-V curve. The domain can be controlled by adjusting the width of the barriers. The hysteresis is shown to be a manifestation of the above-mentioned energy level coupling, the coupling between the energy level in the main quantum well and the conduction band edge or the three-dimensional states in the emitter, and the quantitative accumulation and distribution of electrons in the emitter region. This work provides new insight for understanding the nonlinear I-V behavior and establishes a foundation for the future analysis of bistability and oscillation behavior in resonant tunneling structures. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD FEB 10 PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 411 EP 426 DI 10.1142/S021797920000039X PG 16 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 294UQ UT WOS:000085929100005 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR AF Mascola, JR TI Immunologic strategies for herpes vaccination - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Mascola, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 9 PY 2000 VL 283 IS 6 BP 747 EP 747 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 280XL UT WOS:000085129000024 ER PT J AU Alizadeh, AA Eisen, MB Davis, RE Ma, C Lossos, IS Rosenwald, A Boldrick, JG Sabet, H Tran, T Yu, X Powell, JI Yang, LM Marti, GE Moore, T Hudson, J Lu, LS Lewis, DB Tibshirani, R Sherlock, G Chan, WC Greiner, TC Weisenburger, DD Armitage, JO Warnke, R Levy, R Wilson, W Grever, MR Byrd, JC Botstein, D Brown, PO Staudt, LM AF Alizadeh, AA Eisen, MB Davis, RE Ma, C Lossos, IS Rosenwald, A Boldrick, JG Sabet, H Tran, T Yu, X Powell, JI Yang, LM Marti, GE Moore, T Hudson, J Lu, LS Lewis, DB Tibshirani, R Sherlock, G Chan, WC Greiner, TC Weisenburger, DD Armitage, JO Warnke, R Levy, R Wilson, W Grever, MR Byrd, JC Botstein, D Brown, PO Staudt, LM TI Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; GERMINAL-CENTER FORMATION; CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BCL-6 EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN; CLASSIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTION AB Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is clinically heterogeneous: 40% of patients respond well to current therapy and have prolonged survival, whereas the remainder succumb to the disease. We proposed that this variability in natural history reflects unrecognized molecular heterogeneity in the tumours, Using DNA microarrays, we have conducted a systematic characterization of gene expression in B-cell malignancies. Here we show that there is diversity in gene expression among the tumours of DLBCL patients, apparently reflecting the variation in tumour proliferation rate, host response and differentiation state of the tumour. We identified two molecularly distinct forms of DLBCL which had gene expression patterns indicative of different stages of B-cell differentiation. One type expressed genes characteristic of germinal centre B cells ('germinal centre B-like DLBCL'); the second type expressed genes normally induced during in vitro activation of peripheral blood B cells ('activated B-like DLBCL'), Patients with germinal centre B-like DLBCL had a significantly better overall survival than those with activated B-like DLBCL, The molecular classification of tumours on the basis of gene expression can thus identify previously undetected and clinically significant subtypes of cancer. C1 NCI, Metab Branch, Div Clin Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy Stat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NIH, Bioinformat & Mol Anal Sect, CBEL, CIT, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Res Genet Inc, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. NCI, Med Branch, Div Clin Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Staudt, LM (reprint author), NCI, Metab Branch, Div Clin Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Sherlock, Gavin/B-1831-2009; Sherlock, Gavin/E-9110-2012; OI Alizadeh, Arash Ash/0000-0002-5153-5625; Sherlock, Gavin/0000-0002-1692-4983 NR 50 TC 5428 Z9 5715 U1 31 U2 306 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 3 PY 2000 VL 403 IS 6769 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1038/35000501 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 282PM UT WOS:000085227300039 PM 10676951 ER PT J AU D'Agnillo, F Wood, F Porras, C Macdonald, VW Alayash, AI AF D'Agnillo, F Wood, F Porras, C Macdonald, VW Alayash, AI TI Effects of hypoxia and glutathione depletion on hemoglobin- and myoglobin-mediated oxidative stress toward endothelium SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hemoglobin; myoglobin; hypoxia; oxidative stress; glutathione; endothelium ID RENAL-FAILURE; NITRIC-OXIDE; INJURY; FERRYLHEMOGLOBIN; FERRYLMYOGLOBIN; DERIVATIVES; BLOOD AB We investigated the toxicity of hemoglobin/myoglobin on endothelial cells under oxidative stress conditions that include cellular hypoxia and reduced antioxidant capacity. Bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAECs), grown on microcarrier beads, were subjected to cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation in a small volume of medium, and endothelial cell monolayers were depleted of their intracellular glutathione (GSH) by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine. Incubation of diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin (DBBF-Hb) or horse skeletal myoglobin (Mb) with BAECs subjected to 3 h of hypoxia caused transient oxidation of the hemoproteins to the ferryl form (Fe4+). Formation of the ferryl intermediate was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by the addition of L-arginine, a substrate of NO synthase, after 3 h of hypoxia. Optimal inhibition of ferryl formation, possibly due to the antioxidant action of NO, was achieved with. 900 mu M L-arginine. Addition of hydrogen peroxide to GSH-depleted cells in the presence of DBBF-Hb or Mb significantly decreased cell viability. Ferryl Mb, but not ferryl DBBF-Hb, was observed in samples analyzed at the end of treatment, which may explain the greater toxicity observed with Mb as opposed to DBBF-Hb. This model may be utilized to identify causative agent(s) associated with hemoprotein cytotoxicity and in designing strategies to suppress or control hems-mediated injury under physiologically relevant conditions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US FDA, Lab Plasma Derivat, Div Hematol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Alayash, AI (reprint author), US FDA, Lab Plasma Derivat, Div Hematol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, 8800 Rockville Pike,Bldg 29,Rm 112, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4889 J9 BBA-MOL CELL RES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res. PD FEB 2 PY 2000 VL 1495 IS 2 BP 150 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0167-4889(99)00163-9 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 283UZ UT WOS:000085295600004 PM 10656972 ER PT J AU LeBrun, CJ Diehl, LF Abbott, KC Welch, PG Yuan, CM AF LeBrun, CJ Diehl, LF Abbott, KC Welch, PG Yuan, CM TI Life expectancy benefits of cancer screening in the end-stage renal disease population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE cancer; screening; end-stage renal disease (ESRD); dialysis ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; BREAST-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FAILURE; MALIGNANCY; MORTALITY; DIALYSIS; TRIAL AB Health maintenance includes secondary prevention through cancer screening, There are no established guidelines for cancer screening patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), Using an established method of estimating life expectancy, published literature on cancer screening, and information from databases on mortality and malignancy (US Renal Data System 1997 Annual Data Report and the SEER Cancer and Statistical Review, 1973-1994), a "real-time life expectancy calculator" was developed to guide the primary help provider in making informed decisions on the benefits of cancer screening in individual patients. Potential days of life saved by each screening method can be calculated using the difference in life expectancy per the DEALE (declining exponential approximation of life expectancy) method with and without cancer screening. Using two sets of assumptions (one to enhance any bias toward support for screening and one to limit this bias), a range of potential days of life saved with screening for breast and colon cancer can be calculated in individual patients with ESRD, In breast cancer, for example, a 50-year-old black woman with ESRD and multiple risk factors would have 41 to 291 potential days of life saved with screening, A 60-year-old white woman with ESRD and diabetes mellitus (DM) would have only 1 to 16 days of life saved, This life expectancy calculator can guide the primary health care provider in making clinical decisions concerning screening in the ESRD population. In addition to assisting in patient education, the calculator can be updated as new information becomes available regarding relative risk, treatment, and mortality. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. RP Yuan, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 23 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 35 IS 2 BP 237 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(00)70332-5 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 280GF UT WOS:000085093300010 PM 10676722 ER PT J AU Van Cuyck-Gandre, H Zhang, HY Tsarev, SA Warren, RL Caudill, JD Snellings, NJ Begot, L Innis, BL Longer, CF AF Van Cuyck-Gandre, H Zhang, HY Tsarev, SA Warren, RL Caudill, JD Snellings, NJ Begot, L Innis, BL Longer, CF TI Short report: Phylogenetically distinct hepatitis E viruses in Pakistan SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; GENOME SEQUENCE; NON-A; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; HEV AB Hepatitis E, which is enterically transmitted, is the most common cause of acute hepatitis in much of Asia. Phylogenetic analysis of several isolates of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from Asia suggests that transmission of this virus is geographically restricted. In Sarghoda, Pakistan, HEV Sar-55 was isolated from a 1987 outbreak. It belongs to the Central-Asian cluster of the Asian sub-genotype. We now report the complete sequence of a second Pakistan HEV from a 1988 outbreak in Abbottabad. The Abbottabad nucleotide sequence was compared with 15 other complete HEV sequences using statistical methods of phylogenetic analysis. The analysis showed that Abbottabad HEV belongs to the South Asia cluster of the Asian sub-genotype. The sequence differences of the 2 Pakistan isolates recovered only one year apart suggest that HEV of 2 distinct origins circulate in Pakistan. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Virol Unit, Grenoble, France. RP Van Cuyck-Gandre, H (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 62 IS 2 BP 187 EP 189 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 311BN UT WOS:000086864800005 PM 10813471 ER PT J AU Higgins, JA Hubalek, Z Halouzka, J Elkins, KL Sjostedt, A Shipley, M Ibrahim, MS AF Higgins, JA Hubalek, Z Halouzka, J Elkins, KL Sjostedt, A Shipley, M Ibrahim, MS TI Detection of Francisella tularensis in infected mammals and vectors using a probe-based polymerase chain reaction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID FORMERLY YERSINIA-PHILOMIRAGIA; FLUOROGENIC PROBE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; PCR; DNA; TICKS; ASSAY; TULAREMIA; TAQMAN; IDENTIFICATION AB We investigated the use of a TaqMan 5' nuclease assay (5NA) directed against the Francisella tularensis outer membrane protein (Fop) gene and a polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay (PCR-EIA) directed against the tul 4 gene for detection of this organism in experimentally infected mice and in field-collected tick vectors. We also evaluated the use of specially formulated filter paper (FTA(TM)) for rapid sample preparation. The 5NA had a detection limit of 1 pg of genomic DNA (< 100 colony-forming units) and could be completed within several hours. The PCR-EIA could detect 1 pg of genomic DNA and 10 attograms (ag) (22 copies) of cloned insert, but takes longer to perform. Both assays were genus-specific, and successfully detected F. tularensis in mouse tissues (5NA) and in tick extracts (PCR-EIA). The FTA paper provided inexpensive, rapid, template preparation for the tick extracts, mouse tissues, and DNA obtained from clinical specimens. These probe-based assays have the potential to provide rapid, real-time/high-throughput molecular diagnostics in field situations. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Vertebrate Biol, Lab Med Zool, CZ-69142 Valtice, Czech Republic. US FDA, Div Bacterial Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Umea Univ, Dept Clin Microbiol, Div Clin Bacteriol, Umea, Sweden. Def Res Estab, Umea, Sweden. GEO CENTERS Inc, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Higgins, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Room 202,Bldg 1040,10400 Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Hubalek, Zdenek/G-1111-2014 OI Hubalek, Zdenek/0000-0003-4732-0987 NR 31 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 62 IS 2 BP 310 EP 318 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 311BN UT WOS:000086864800024 PM 10813490 ER PT J AU Nam, SI Leggett, DC Jenkins, TF Stutz, MH AF Nam, SI Leggett, DC Jenkins, TF Stutz, MH TI On-site analysis of explosives in soil: Evaluation of thin-layer chromatography for confirmation of analyte identity SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; PRODUCTS C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Ctr Environm, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Nam, SI (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 USA SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 32 IS 5 BP AEL4 EP + PG 0 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 290WW UT WOS:000085701700006 ER PT J AU Katial, RK Reisner, C Buchmeier, A Bartelson, BB Nelson, HS AF Katial, RK Reisner, C Buchmeier, A Bartelson, BB Nelson, HS TI Comparison of three commercial ultrasonic nebulizers SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOLS; JET; FLOW AB Background: The clinical acceptance of the initial ultrasonic nebulizers was impeded by their production of significant quantities of droplets larger than the respirable range that could have resulted in poor pulmonary deposition of nebulized medications. Subsequent modifications in the design of ultrasonic nebulizers have occurred. Overall nebulizer performance characteristics of the newer ultrasonic devices have not been evaluated. Objective: Three commercially available ultrasonic nebulizers (DeVilbiss-Pulmosonic, Omron-Microair, Rhone Poulenc-Rorer-Fisoneb) were studied to compare the aerosol output characteristics. Methods: The parameters studied were total volume output (TVO), time to nebulize total output (TTO), percent of droplets with volume diameters in the respirable range (PDVRR, 1 to 5 mu m), albuterol concentration during nebulization, and the total drug delivered. All nebulizers were filled with 2.5 mL of saline and 0.5 mt of albuterol nebulizer solution. Three units from each manufacturer, each from a different lot, were evaluated in duplicate. Results: The nebulizer with the largest volume output was the Omron (mean 2.94 mt), which also demonstrated the longest nebulization time (mean 10.3 min). The DeVilbiss and Rhone Poulenc-Rorer units delivered smaller volumes (mean 2.5 mt, 2.4 mL, respectively) but nebulized more rapidly (mean 2.21 min, 3.54 min, respectively). The Omron nebulizer generated the highest PDVRR with a mean of 38%. The DeVilbiss had a mean PDVRR of 16% and the Rhone Poulenc-Rorer a mean PDVRR of 21%. The majority of droplets from all three machines had a volume diameter smaller than the respirable range, ie, in the 0.5 to 1.0 mu m range (Omron-60%, DeVilbiss-83%, Rhone Poulenc-Rorer-79%). For all three nebulizers there appeared to be no concentrating or diluting effect during nebulization implying that equal quantities of albuterol and diluent were delivered. The Rhone Poulenc-Rorer units demonstrated the greatest unit-to-unit variability with respect to TVO while the Omron units demonstrated the greatest unit to unit variability with respect to TTO. Conclusion: We conclude that several improvements in the design of ultrasonic nebulizers have resulted in the reduction of the size of the droplets generated. Our evaluation of the three commercially available ultrasonic nebulizers revealed that the majority of droplets generated were within or below the respirable range. There was no concentrating or diluting effect during nebulization for all three nebulizers. The output characteristics of the three devices differ and this will effect the delivery time as well as amount of dug delivered to the lungs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Div Allergy Clin Immunol, Denver, CO USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Div Biostat, Denver, CO USA. RP Katial, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Bldg 2,Room 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 84 IS 2 BP 255 EP 261 DI 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62763-9 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 289RN UT WOS:000085635900012 PM 10719784 ER PT J AU Deyle, GD Henderson, NE Matekel, RL Ryder, MG Garber, MB Allison, SC AF Deyle, GD Henderson, NE Matekel, RL Ryder, MG Garber, MB Allison, SC TI Effectiveness of manual physical therapy and exercise in osteoarthritis of the knee. A randomized, controlled trial SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; PROGRAM; CAPACITY; MUSCLE; REHABILITATION; FLEXIBILITY; CRITERIA; PATIENT; WOMAC; HIP AB Background: Few investigations include both subjective and objective measurements of the effectiveness of treatments for osteoarthritis of the knee. Beneficial interventions may decrease the disability associated with osteoarthritis and the need for more invasive treatments. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee, applied by experienced physical therapists with formal training in manual therapy. Design: Randomized, controlled clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient physical therapy department of a large military medical center. Patients: 83 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee who were randomly assigned to receive treatment (n = 42; 15 men and 27 women [mean age, 60 +/- 11 years]) or placebo (n = 41; 19 men and 22 women [mean age, 62 +/- 10 years]). Intervention: The treatment group received manual therapy, applied to the knee as well as to the lumbar spine, hip, and ankle as required, and performed a standardized knee exercise program in the clinic and at home. The placebo group had subtherapeutic ultrasound to the knee at an intensity of 0.1 W/cm(2) with a 10% pulsed mode. Both groups were treated at the clinic twice weekly for 4 weeks. Measurements: Distance walked in 6 minutes and sum of the function, pain, and stiffness subscores of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). A tester who was blinded to group assignment made group comparisons at the initial visit (before initiation of treatment), 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 1 year. Results: Clinically and statistically significant improvements in 6-minute walk distance and WOMAC score at 4 weeks and 8 weeks were seen in the treatment group but not the placebo group. By 8 weeks, average 6-minute walk distances had improved by 13.1% and WOMAC scores had improved by 55.8% over baseline values in the treatment group (P < 0.05). After controlling for potential confounding variables, the average distance walked in 6 minutes at 8 weeks among patients in the treatment group was 170 m (95% CI, 71 to 270 m) more than that in the placebo group and the average WOMAC scores were 599 mm higher (95% CI, 197 to 1002 mm). At 1 year, patients in the treatment group had clinically and statistically significant gains over baseline WOMAC scores and walking distance; 20% of patients in the placebo group and 5% of patients in the treatment group had undergone knee arthroplasty. Conclusions: A combination of manual physical therapy and supervised exercise yields functional benefits for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and may delay or prevent the need for surgical intervention. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Deyle, GD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI Abbott, J./B-2976-2008 OI Abbott, J./0000-0001-6468-7284 NR 40 TC 298 Z9 308 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 2000 VL 132 IS 3 BP 173 EP 181 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 276XE UT WOS:000084903000001 PM 10651597 ER PT J AU LaFrentz, JR Mair, EA Casler, JD AF LaFrentz, JR Mair, EA Casler, JD TI Craniofacial ballpoint pen injury: Endoscopic management SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Broncho-Esophagological-Association CY MAY 11-12, 1998 CL PALM BEACH, FLORIDA SP Amer Broncho Esophagol Assoc DE endoscopic sinus surgery; foreign body; paranasal sinus ID SINUS SURGERY; GROWTH AB Penetrating facial injuries are not infrequent. There have been isolated case reports of unusual penetrating craniofacial trauma. We describe an unusual case of a 22-month-old child who suffered an external orbital injury from a ballpoint pen that penetrated the orbit, lamina papyracea, posterior ethmoid sinuses, and sphenoid sinus. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed to extract the ballpoint pen nib after localization with computed tomography. Careful pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery techniques permitted safe foreign body extraction with minimal morbidity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP LaFrentz, JR (reprint author), Lyster Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 109 IS 2 BP 119 EP 122 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 283CD UT WOS:000085257800001 PM 10685559 ER PT J AU Hoover, LR Febinger, DL Tripp, HF AF Hoover, LR Febinger, DL Tripp, HF TI Rhinolalia: An underappreciated sign of pneumomediastinum SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Thoracic surgeons are involved in the diagnosis and management of patients with mediastinal emphysema because of the potentially life-threatening conditions that either must be treated emergently or excluded. Although the classic findings of pneumomediastinum have been described for nearly 60 years, an underappreciated finding is the presence of rhinolalia. Case reports of this finding are sporadic and absent from the thoracic surgical literature. The presence of rhinolalia in association with spontaneous pneumomediastinum is highlighted in the following case presentation and prior reports are reviewed. (C) 2000 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, MCHE, SCD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tripp, HF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, MCHE, SCD, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 69 IS 2 BP 615 EP 616 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01114-5 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 285GW UT WOS:000085382200074 PM 10735711 ER PT J AU Kimberlin, DW Malis, DJ AF Kimberlin, DW Malis, DJ TI Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: possibilities for successful antiviral therapy SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE human papillomavirus; laryngeal papillomatosis; recurrent respiratory papillomatosis ID HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; EPITHELIAL RAFT CULTURES; LARYNGEAL PAPILLOMATOSIS; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENITAL CONDYLOMAS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-LINES; INFECTION AB Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a potentially devastating disease that can have significant morbidity, and can even result in mortality due to airway compromise or, less commonly, malignant transformation. Two distinct types of RRP exist: adult-onset RRP (AO-RRP) and juvenile-onset RRP (JO-RRP). Acquisition of human papillomavirus (HPV), the causative agent of RRP, is believed to occur in the peripartum period in the case of JO-RRP, with disease symptoms (primarily hoarseness) becoming apparent during the first several years of life. Treatment currently consists of surgical debulking of the papillomas to relieve airway obstruction. However, numerous antiviral therapies have also been evaluated, albeit primarily under uncontrolled settings. This article will review the biology, natural history and management of HPV infection, with particular emphasis on JO-RRP. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Infect Dis, Sect Clin Virol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kimberlin, DW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Infect Dis, Sect Clin Virol, 1600 7th Ave,Suite 616, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-62554, N01-AI-15113] NR 83 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0166-3542(00)00064-4 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 301VK UT WOS:000086330800001 PM 10809017 ER PT J AU Bray, M Driscoll, J Huggins, JW AF Bray, M Driscoll, J Huggins, JW TI Treatment of lethal Ebola virus infection in mice with a single dose of an S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE filovirus; Ebola virus; antiviral therapy; S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase ID SPECTRUM ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; CARBOCYCLIC 3-DEAZAADENOSINE; 3-DEAZANEPLANOCIN-A; AGENT; ANALOG; PHARMACOKINETICS; PROPHYLAXIS; ACTIVATION; THERAPY AB Ebola Zaire virus causes lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans, for which there is no effective treatment. A variety of adenosine analogues inhibit the replication of Ebola virus in vitro, probably by blocking the cellular enzyme, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, thereby indirectly limiting methylation of the 5' cap of viral messenger RNA. We previously observed that adult, immunocompetent mice treated thrice daily for 9 days with 2.2-20 mg/kg of an adenosine analogue, carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine, were protected against lethal Ebola virus challenge. We now report that a single inoculation of 80 mg/kg or less of the same substance, or of 1 mg/kg or less of another analogue, 3-deazaneplanocin A, provides equal or better protection, without causing acute toxicity. One dose of drug given on the first or second day after virus infection reduced peak viremia more than 1000-fold, compared with mock-treated controls, and resulted in survival of most or all animals. Therapy was less effective when administered on the day of challenge, or on the third day postinfection. Single or multiple doses of the same medications suppressed Ebola replication in severe combined immunodeficient mice, but even daily treatment for 15 consecutive days did not eliminate the infection. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Med Chem Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bray, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 39 TC 86 Z9 94 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 135 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0166-3542(00)00066-8 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 301VK UT WOS:000086330800006 PM 10809022 ER PT J AU Szczepanski, MP Fountain, AW AF Szczepanski, MP Fountain, AW TI Use of multivariate analysis to determine temperature from low-resolution infrared spectra of carbon dioxide SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE multivariate analysis; principal component regression; gas analysis; temperature measurement ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; CALIBRATION AB The remote optical monitoring of gaseous contaminants is important for both military and industrial applications. An important parameter for quantifying chemical species and for predicting plume dynamics is the temperature. While in some industrial monitoring situations it may be practical to independently measure the temperature of stack emissions, for compliance monitoring and military chemical reconnaissance a remote optical means of estimating gas plume temperature is required. It was noticed that the band shape of low-resolution spectra of carbon dioxide in equilibrium with an exhaust plume was very sensitive to temperature. Spectra of carbon dioxide were acquired under controlled laboratory conditions in 5 degrees increments from 20 to 200 degrees C. Various multivariate models were used to predict the temperature. It was found that partial least-squares (PLS) was unable to effectively model the simultaneous changes in amplitude and bandwidth with temperature. However, principal component regression (PCR) was found to be well correlated with temperature and allowed cross-validated prediction within 4% error. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Fountain, AW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 54 IS 2 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1366/0003702001949393 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 287XL UT WOS:000085532700008 ER PT J AU Cockerham, KP Hidayat, AA Cockerham, GC Depper, MH Sorensen, S Cytryn, AS Gavaris, PT AF Cockerham, KP Hidayat, AA Cockerham, GC Depper, MH Sorensen, S Cytryn, AS Gavaris, PT TI Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome - New clinicopathologic findings in 4 cases SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OROFACIAL GRANULOMATOSIS; MANAGEMENT AB Objective: To define the clinicopathologic features of eye-lid involvement in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS). Methods: Four patients with eyelid edema consistent with MRS were evaluated clinically, including diagnostic imaging in 2 patients. Eyelid tissue from these patients was examined by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Polymerase chain reaction for herpes simplex virus was performed in 1 case. Results: The 3 men and 1 woman ranged in age from 33 to 74 years. All patients had insidious, painless, nonpitting eyelid edema. Three patients had unilateral edema; one had bilateral, asymmetric involvement. Ipsilateral lip edema was present in 1 case. Computed tomography demonstrated periorbital heterogeneous thickening that corresponded to the microscopic finding of scattered granulomas. All 4 patients demonstrated epithelioid granulomas inside and adjacent to dilated lymphatic vessels. Polymerase chain reaction testing was negative for herpes simplex virus. Conclusions: Isolated eyelid swelling that mimics thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy may occur in MRS. Computed tomography may be useful in the diagnosis. Biopsy should be performed in all cases of unexplained nonpitting eyelid edema. In the eyelid, MRS is characterized histopathologically by a granulomatous lymphangitis, a finding that seems to be unique to this condition. C1 Allegheny Orbital & Ophthalm Associates, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Ophthalmol Serv, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ophthalm Plast & Orbital Consultants, Washington, DC USA. Eye Associates Washington, Washington, DC USA. RP Cockerham, KP (reprint author), Allegheny Orbital & Ophthalm Associates, 420 E N Gate 116, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA. NR 33 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 118 IS 2 BP 227 EP 232 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 282PA UT WOS:000085226200007 PM 10676788 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Espinosa-Morales, R del Rincon, I Arroyo, RA Older, SA AF Escalante, A Espinosa-Morales, R del Rincon, I Arroyo, RA Older, SA TI Recipients of hip replacement for arthritis are less likely to be Hispanic, independent of access to health care and socioeconomic status SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology CY NOV 07-11, 1998 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol ID OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ORTHOPEDIC-SURGERY; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MEDICAL CONDITIONS; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; ARTHROPLASTY AB Objective. To compare the proportion of Hispanics among recipients of hip replacements for primary articular disorders, recipients of knee replacements for the same reason, and persons hospitalized for other reasons. Methods. Twelve of the 17 accredited hospitals in Bexar County, Texas, in which hip or knee replacement surgery is performed permitted us to review their medical records. From 1993 through 1995, 3,100 elective, non-fracture-related, hip or knee replacements were performed. These individuals were matched by age, sex, hospital, and month of admission with 4,604 persons hospitalized for other reasons. Age, sex, ethnic background, type of medical insurance, median household income by zip code of residence, joint replaced, and surgical diagnosis were abstracted from the medical records. The validity of variables abstracted from the medical records was tested by comparison with self-report data in 115 patients interviewed prior to elective hip or knee replacement surgery. Results, During the study period, 2,275 subjects had a total knee replacement and 825 had a total hip replacement. Recipients of hip replacements were significantly less Likely to be Hispanic than were recipients of knee replacements (19.5% versus 29.9%; odds ratio [OR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.46-0.71; P less than or equal to 0.001) or persons hospitalized for other reasons (29.4% Hispanic; OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55-0.81). The under-representation of Hispanics was more pronounced among persons undergoing hip replacement for osteoarthritis compared with recipients of knee replacements for the same disease (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.37-0.62). This pattern persisted after adjusting for age, sex, type of medical insurance, and median household income by the zip code of residence. Concordance between medical records and self-report data on ethnic background was high (kappa = 0.93). Conclusion. Recipients of hip replacement are less likely to be Hispanic than are other hospitalized persons with a similar level of access to care. The reasons for this under-representation probably involve factors in addition to lack of access to health care and low socioeconomic status. Further research is needed to understand the nature of such factors. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Escalante, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 47 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 43 IS 2 BP 390 EP 399 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200002)43:2<390::AID-ANR20>3.0.CO;2-R PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 284ZM UT WOS:000085362800020 PM 10693880 ER PT J AU Battafarano, DF Enzenauer, RJ Older, SA Krieg, AM AF Battafarano, DF Enzenauer, RJ Older, SA Krieg, AM TI Exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus after hepatitis B vaccination: comment on the article by Battafarano et al and the letter by Senecal et al - Reply SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Battafarano, DF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 43 IS 2 BP 468 EP 469 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200002)43:2<468::AID-ANR33>3.0.CO;2-H PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 284ZM UT WOS:000085362800033 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Rock, PB Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Rock, PB Cymerman, A TI Improving athletic performance: Is altitude residence or altitude training helpful? SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE exercise training strategies; altitude training strategies; training stimulus; hypoxia; exercise performance; altitude acclimatization ID AEROBIC POWER; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; ENDURANCE CAPACITY; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; MODERATE-ALTITUDE; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT; CARDIAC GROWTH; SEA-LEVEL; ADAPTATION AB Exercise training studies conducted at different altitudes (1250-5700 m) of varying durations (30 min to 19 wk) are critically reviewed to determine the efficacy of using altitude as a training stimulus to enhance sea level and altitude exercise performance. Four strategies are discussed: a) exercise training while residing at the same altitude; b) exercise training at altitude but residing at sea level; c) exercise training at low altitude but residing at a higher altitude; and d) exercise training under sea level and altitude conditions but only after altitude acclimatization has occurred. Residing at altitude causes a multitude of potentially beneficial physiological, ventilatory, hematological and metabolic changes that theoretically should induce a potentiating effect on endurance exercise performance. While it is accepted that endurance performance is greatly enhanced at altitude, there is less support for the view that altitude training while residing at altitude improves subsequent sea level endurance performance. There is some evidence, though also not universally accepted, that training at altitude but residing at sea level may benefit sea level endurance performance. Most recently, the combination of "living high" (e.g., at 2500 m) to obtain beneficial physiological changes associated with altitude acclimatization and "training low" (e.g., at 1250 m) to allow maintenance of high-intensity training is accumulating scientific and popular support as the most advantageous strategy to improve subsequent sea level exercise performance in well-trained, competitive runners. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Fulco, CS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM cfulco@natick-ccmail.army.mil NR 75 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 37 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 71 IS 2 BP 162 EP 171 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 278LU UT WOS:000084991900012 PM 10685591 ER PT J AU Young, AJ O'Brien, C Sawka, MN Gonzalez, RR AF Young, AJ O'Brien, C Sawka, MN Gonzalez, RR TI Physiological problems associated with wearing NBC protective clothing during cold weather SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE body temperature; frostbite; hypothermia; modeling; MOPP4 ID TOLERANCE; RESPONSES; STRAIN; EXERCISE; WORK AB This report considers how thermal balance of soldiers wearing nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) protective clothing in combination with the Extreme Cold Weather Clothing System (ECWCS) is affected during work in cold weather. A review of published reports concerning physiological consequences of wearing NBC protective clothing during cold exposure was completed. The findings reported in the experimental literature were too limited to adequately forecast the effects of adding NBC clothing to ECWCS. To remedy the information gap, simulation modeling was employed to predict body temperature changes during alternating bouts of exercise and rest throughout 8 h of exposure to three different severely cold conditions. Published findings indicate that NBC protective clothing may inadequately protect against hand and finger cooling, especially during rest following strenuous activity. No evidence substantiates suggestions that wearing NBC protective masks increases susceptibility to facial frostbite. Collectively, die limited experimental work and the results of simulation modeling argue against any increased risk of hypothermia associated with wearing NBC protective clothing while working in the cold. However, wearing NBC protective clothing during strenuous activity in cold weather may increase the risk of hyperthermia, and cause sweat accumulation in clothing which may compromise insulation and increase the risk of hypothermia during subsequent periods of inactivity. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 71 IS 2 BP 184 EP 189 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 278LU UT WOS:000084991900015 PM 10685594 ER PT J AU Galbicka, G Kessel, R AF Galbicka, G Kessel, R TI Experimenter momentum and the effect of laws SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material AB Nevin & Grace invoke a behavioral metaphor from the physics of momentum. The idealized assumptions they invoke are argued to translate to behavior only in the limited case of steady-state, constant-probability VI responding. Rather than further refine this limit case, mathematical models should be applied to generalizations of the limit case itself, broadening our understanding of behavioral processes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Res Lab, Electroopt Technol Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Galbicka, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0140-525X J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI JI Behav. Brain Sci. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 23 IS 1 BP 97 EP 98 DI 10.1017/S0140525X00292406 PG 2 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 342MG UT WOS:000088647900047 ER PT J AU Haverkos, H Rohrer, M Pickworth, W AF Haverkos, H Rohrer, M Pickworth, W TI The cause of invasive cervical cancer could be multifactorial SO BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE cervical cancer; human papillomavirus; tars ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE USE; RISK-FACTORS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; TYPE-2; WOMEN; DNA; DYSPLASIA; NEOPLASIA AB Cancer of the cervix is the third most common cancer among women worldwide. with incidence rates ranging from 3.8 per 100.000 women per year in Israel to 48.2 per 100.000 per year in Colombia. Epidemiologic and clinical data suggest that human papillomaviruses. especially HPV-16 and HPV-18, play the major role in the etiology of cervical cancer. However, many investigators acknowledge that HPV is neither necessary nor sufficient in the etiology or cervical cancer and that a mulifactorial etiology is likely. HPV cannot be found in every patient with the disease and other factor. such us herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. cigarette smoking, vaginal douching. nutrition, and use of oral contraceptives, have been associated with cervical cancer. In two different animal models. tumors can be produced following exposure to DNA viruses and tars. Using those animal models as prototypes. we propose that the etiology of cervical cancer in humans could he an interaction between DNA viruses. specifically papillomavirus and/or HSV-2 infection, and tar exposure through cigarette smoking and/or tar-based vaginal douching. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDA, Addict Res Ctr, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Haverkos, H (reprint author), HFD-530,5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NR 47 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0753-3322 J9 BIOMED PHARMACOTHER JI Biomed. Pharmacother. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 54 IS 1 BP 54 EP 59 DI 10.1016/S0753-3322(00)88642-4 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 291NA UT WOS:000085741900010 PM 10721464 ER PT J AU Edenfield, WJ Moores, LK Goodwin, G Lee, N AF Edenfield, WJ Moores, LK Goodwin, G Lee, N TI An engraftment syndrome in autologous stem cell transplantation related to mononuclear cell dose SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE engraftment syndrome; mononuclear cell; peripheral blood stem cells; progenitor cell ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; BREAST-CANCER; NEUTROPHILS; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; TRANSFUSIONS; CHEMOTHERAPY; RECOVERY; INJURY; BLOOD AB Engraftment syndrome (ES) is a toxicity of autologous stem cell transplantation that occurs unexpectedly and is occasionally fatal. This syndrome, manifested as fever, rash and pulmonary deterioration which becomes evident at marrow engraftment, has been described by several centers but as yet remains enigmatic, We describe this syndrome at a single institution and note that it has accompanied the transition from the use of autologous marrow rescue to peripheral blood stem cell rescue, In this study, the occurrence of ES is related to the mononuclear cell dose at reinfusion, We found, in agreement with other reports, that patients developing ES are predominantly women undergoing therapy for solid tumors who demonstrate neutrophil engraftment at a significantly greater rate than do those patients not expressing the syndrome. We did not note a significant relationship between growth factor use (G-CSF) or amphotericin B exposure and the syndrome, as has been previously reported. The progenitor cell populations obtained with autologous marow and peripheral blood stem cells are different. We hypothesize that the interaction of committed myeloid precursors from the stem cell product with the pulmonary vascular endothelium can be deleterious, especially under the influence of the inflammatory cytokines present at the time of engraftment. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm Crit Care Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Edenfield, WJ (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Clin 8A, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 27 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 25 IS 4 BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702155 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 287VT UT WOS:000085527700010 PM 10723584 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Siritongtaworn, P Pattanapanyasat, K Thavichaigarn, P Kongcharoen, P Jiarakul, N Tongtawe, P Yongvanitchit, K Komoltri, C Dheeradhada, C Pearce, FC Wiesmann, WP Webster, HK AF Walsh, DS Siritongtaworn, P Pattanapanyasat, K Thavichaigarn, P Kongcharoen, P Jiarakul, N Tongtawe, P Yongvanitchit, K Komoltri, C Dheeradhada, C Pearce, FC Wiesmann, WP Webster, HK TI Lymphocyte activation after non-thermal trauma SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID INJURED PATIENTS; T-HELPER; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MULTIPLE INJURIES; MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; IL-2 RECEPTOR; MAJOR INJURY; SEPSIS AB Background: Severe injury causes immunological changes that may contribute to a poor outcome. Longitudinal characterization of lymphocyte response patterns may provide further insight into the basis of these immunological alterations. Methods: Venous blood obtained seven times over 2 weeks from 61 patients with injury severity scores above 20 was assessed for lymphocyte phenotypic and activation markers together with serum levels of interleukin (IL) 2 , IL-4, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), soluble CD4 (sCD4), soluble CD8 (sCD8) and interferon gamma. Results: Severe injury was associated with profound changes in the phenotypic and activation profile of circulating lymphocytes. Activation was indicated by increased numbers of T cells expressing CD25, CD69 and CD71, and raised serum levels of IL-2, sIL-2R, sCD4 and sCD8. Relatively higher levels of sIL-2R and sCD4 were found in patients with sepsis syndrome. Conclusion: Polytrauma is associated with dramatic alterations in the phenotypic and activation profile of circulating lymphocytes which are generally independent of clinical course. In contrast, several lymphocyte soluble factors, including sCD4 and sIL-2R, paralleled the clinical course. These data provide new insight into lymphocyte responses after injury and suggest that further assessment of soluble factors as clinical correlates, including those related to lymphocyte activation or generalized inflammation, may be warranted. C1 USA, Dept Immunol & Med, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Surg, Bangkok, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Hematol, Bangkok, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Bangkok, Thailand. Phramongkutklao Royal Thai Army Hosp, Dept Surg, Bangkok, Thailand. Police Hosp, Dept Surg, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1323 J9 BRIT J SURG JI Br. J. Surg. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 87 IS 2 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01341.x PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 289QW UT WOS:000085634300017 PM 10671932 ER PT J AU Yankielun, NE Zabilansky, L AF Yankielun, NE Zabilansky, L TI Laboratory experiments with an FM-CW reflectometry system proposed for detecting and monitoring bridge scour in real time SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE reflectometry; real-time monitoring; frequency modulated continuous wave; scour; sediment transport ID RADAR; WATER; ICE AB Thousands of bridges throughout the United States have been identified as being scour critical (i.e., susceptible to failure from pier and (or) abutment scour). Scour occurs during times of rapid river flow when sediments, including rocks, gravel, and silt, are transported by the currents, undermining bridge pier foundations and similar structures. It can be increased by the presence of an ice cover. The scour process is dynamic; erosion and deposition can occur during the same high-energy river event, so the worst-case and the net effect cannot be easily predicted or dynamically monitored using previously available equipment. Herein, a technique and system (U.S. Patent #5,790,471) employing frequency modulated - continuous wave (FM-CW) reflectometry are discussed. This system is proposed for continuous monitoring of the extent of scour around riverine structures. A bench scale version of the system with a 490-MHz linearly swept bandwidth was implemented and tested in the laboratory, where sediments were incrementally added to a water-filled plastic barrel containing an 86-cm-long scour probe. Reflectometer data were taken after each increment of sediment was added. The data indicating the sediment boundary were plotted in a waterfall format that clearly shows the progressive sedimentation. This system has the potential for continuous round-the-clock operation and accuracy to within 5 cm of sediment depth. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Yankielun, NE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0315-1468 J9 CAN J CIVIL ENG JI Can. J. Civ. Eng. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 27 IS 1 BP 26 EP 32 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 285KB UT WOS:000085387300003 ER PT J AU De Santis, ML Martinez-Lacaci, I Bianco, C Seno, M Wallace-Jones, B Kim, N Ebert, A Wechselberger, C Salomon, DS AF De Santis, ML Martinez-Lacaci, I Bianco, C Seno, M Wallace-Jones, B Kim, N Ebert, A Wechselberger, C Salomon, DS TI Cripto-1 induces apoptosis in HC-11 mouse mammary epithelial cells SO CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; Cripto-1; caspase activation; mammary epithelial cells ID GROWTH-FACTOR-ALPHA; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; GLAND INVOLUTION; TRANSGENIC MICE; DOWN-REGULATION; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; AMPHIREGULIN; SURVIVAL; DEATH AB Cripto-1 (CR-1) is an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related protein. CR-1 can inhibit beta-casein and whey acidic protein expression in mouse mammary epithelial cells. The present study demonstrates that CR-1 can induce apoptosis in HC-11 mouse mammary epithelial cells, as measured by bisbenzimide stained nuclei, TUNEL assay and cell death ELISA, Apoptosis could be observed after 2 days of exposure of confluent HC-11 cells to CR-1 in the absence of the survival factors EGF and insulin, with maximum apoptosis occurring at 3 days. A reduction in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) expression and an increase in beta-catenin cleavage was found after 18 h of exposure to CR-1 suggesting that apoptosis was preceded by the induction of a caspase activity since the caspase inhibitor ZFAD.FMK could block the CR-1-induced reduction in PARP expression and CR-1-induced apoptosis, CR-1 was found to increase the expression of caspase-3-like protease, Although, the levels of p27(kip1) and p21Bax did not change after exposure to CR-1 for 18 h, the levels of Bcl-x(L) became undetectable. These studies suggest that CR-1 promotes apoptosis by mediating the induction of caspase-3-like protease and downregulating the expression of Bcl-x(L). C1 NCI, Tumor Growth Factor Sect, Tumor Immunol & Biol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Okayama Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Biosci & Biotechnol, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Free Univ Berlin, Dept Obstet, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Free Univ Berlin, Dept Gynecol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RP Salomon, DS (reprint author), NCI, Tumor Growth Factor Sect, Tumor Immunol & Biol Lab, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 5B39, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI SENO, Masaharu /B-2092-2011 OI SENO, Masaharu /0000-0001-8547-6259 NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1350-9047 J9 CELL DEATH DIFFER JI Cell Death Differ. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 7 IS 2 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400588 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 292VU UT WOS:000085816600006 PM 10713733 ER PT J AU Schulson, EM Swainson, IP Holden, TM Korhonen, CJ AF Schulson, EM Swainson, IP Holden, TM Korhonen, CJ TI Hexagonal ice in hardened cement SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE neutron diffraction; crystal structure; pore size distribution; freeze/thaw ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; FLOPPY MODES AB Neutron diffraction from nearly saturated cement paste (made from D2O, water/cement ratio = 0.36, hardened 3 months under lime-saturated D2O) has shown that the pore water transformed mainly to hexagonal ice (Ih) upon slow cooling below the (bulk) equilibrium freezing point of heavy water (276.8 degrees K). The amount of ice increased continuously upon cooling to 227 degrees K, and then decreased continuously upon heating. At every temperature below 276.8 degrees K, the ice content was greater upon heating than upon cooling. The results were used to calculate the pore size distribution, which ranged mainly between a diameter of 3 and 30 nm. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Schulson, EM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 30 IS 2 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00229-X PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 299TC UT WOS:000086213100005 ER PT J AU Mather, B AF Mather, B TI Discussion of the paper "Durability of the hydrated limestone-silica fume Portland cement mortars under sulphate attack" by J. Zelic, R. Krstulovic, E. Tkalcec, and P. Krolo SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Mather, B (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RI Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 30 IS 2 BP 331 EP 331 DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00215-X PG 1 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 299TC UT WOS:000086213100024 ER PT J AU Hocate, PP Jimenez, CE Hwang, I Torrens, JI AF Hocate, PP Jimenez, CE Hwang, I Torrens, JI TI Defection of distant medullary thyroid carcinoma metastases by Tc-99m arcitumomab scintigraphy SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE anti-carcinoembryonic antibody; arcitumomab; medullary thyroid carcinoma C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrine Serv, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hwang, I (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 25 IS 2 BP 145 EP 146 DI 10.1097/00003072-200002000-00018 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 276ZR UT WOS:000084908700018 PM 10656657 ER PT J AU Leopold, SS Jacobs, JJ Rosenberg, AG AF Leopold, SS Jacobs, JJ Rosenberg, AG TI Cancellous allograft in revision total hip arthroplasty - A clinical review SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Charles H Herdon International Symposium on Bone and Soft Tissue Allografts CY APR 30-MAY 02, 1999 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Musculoskeletal Transplant Fdn ID ACETABULAR REVISION; BONE-GRAFT; FOLLOW-UP; REPLACEMENT; DEFICIENCY; RECONSTRUCTION; CEMENT; PROTRUSION; SURGERY; 2-YEAR AB There are numerous indications for the use of cancellous allograft bone in the context of revision hip arthroplasty. These indications range from the well-documented use of morsclized bone chips to fill cavitary defects during cementless acetabular reconstructions--in which complete or near-complete graft remodeling is expected -to the use of particulate allografting with bipolar hemiarthroplasty for acetabular revision, which largely has been abandoned because of frequent component migration, graft resorption, and clinical failure. Most other indications, including femoral and acetabular impaction allografting techniques, curettage of osteolytic defects with component retention, and complex reconstructions using acetabular reconstruction rings or cages,vith cancellous donor bone, are controversial but are supported by published clinical series, The current study reviews the literature on cancellous allografting in revision total hip arthroplasty. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, USA, Med Corps, Orthopaed Surg Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, USA, Med Corps, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. OI Jacobs, Joshua/0000-0003-3902-7334 NR 78 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-921X EI 1528-1132 J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD FEB PY 2000 IS 371 BP 86 EP 97 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 285PP UT WOS:000085397700011 ER PT J AU Homan, BE Miller, MS Vanderhoff, JA AF Homan, BE Miller, MS Vanderhoff, JA TI Absorption diagnostics and modeling investigations of RDX flame structure SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID COMBUSTION; CHEMISTRY; MECHANISM AB Absorption spectroscopy has been applied to low-pressure, self-deflagrating RDX flames in an attempt to refine the database for evaluation of detailed-chemistry combustion models. Semi-empirically determined production rates of reactants from the solid propellant surface together with a detailed gas-phase elementary reaction set were used to develop a model that minimizes the effect of uncertainties in the description of solid-phase processes. The spatial profiles of two low-concentration, highly reactive, short-lived diatomic species, CN and NH, were obtained at pressures varying from 1 to 2 atm in air. Two major species, NO and OH were also profiled using this technique. Resultant absorption spectra of the B(2)Sigma(+) - X(2)Sigma(+) transitions for CN, A(3)II - X(3)Sigma(-) transitions for NH, and the A(2)Sigma(+) - (XII)-I-2 transitions for NO and OH were least-squares fitted to obtain best values for concentration and/or temperature. Peak CN mole fractions of about 200 ppm are obtained from "snapshot" absorption spectra of RDX burning in 1 atm air, mole fractions for NH are about a factor of 2 lower. As the pressure is increased, the CN and NH species peak closer to the combusting surface and reside over a smaller spatial extent. Peak concentrations drop for these higher pressures, but may be due, at least in part, to limitations of the spatial resolution of the pressurized absorption experiment chamber. Results from high-resolution absorption measurements instituted to overcome these limitations reveal CN concentrations of 140 ppm with more consistent peak positions, widths, and CN to NH peak ratios. Measurements of the concentration of NO species show a peak concentration of 25 mole-percent occurring at a position of 0.12 mm above the surface of the propellant. In the final flame region, measured OH concentrations of 1.7 mole-percent agree well with adiabatic calculations performed with the NASA-Lewis thermochemical equilibrium code. Calculated profiles of NO and OH are in good agreement with these measurements. Thr model peak positions and relative concentrations of CN and NH are also in good agreement with experiment. During the course of these spectroscopic measurements, burning rates for RDX over a pressure range of 1 to 2 atm have also been determined. These values range from 0.23 mm/s at atmospheric pressure to 0.50 mm/s for 2 atm and are noticeably lower than some of the other published measurements. Calculations stemming from the proposed model predict a burning rate of 0.29 mm/s and 0.54 mm/s for the same pressure levels. (C) 1999 by The Combustion Institute. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Homan, BE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2000 VL 120 IS 3 BP 301 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00097-8 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 266VE UT WOS:000084320300004 ER PT J AU Ramer, JC Garber, RL Steele, KE Boyson, JF O'Rourke, C Thomson, JA AF Ramer, JC Garber, RL Steele, KE Boyson, JF O'Rourke, C Thomson, JA TI Fatal lymphoproliferative disease associated with a novel gammaherpesvirus in a captive population of common marmosets SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; LATENT MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; INFECTIOUS-MONONUCLEOSIS; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMAS; COTTONTOP TAMARINS; HERPESVIRUS PAPIO; HODGKINS-DISEASE; EXPRESSION; CELLS; MODEL AB Background and Purpose: Callitrichids (marmosets and tamarins) are extremely susceptible to experimental tumor induction by herpesviruses native to other primate species, A colony of common marmosets developed a syndrome of weight loss, inappetence, diarrhea, and in several animals, palpable abdominal masses, Methods: Marmosets in the colony were subjected to histologic examination and serologic testing for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), The DNA from tumors that developed in the marmosets was subjected to consensus primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis designed to amplify conserved regions of herpesvirus genomes. Results: The mesenteric lymph nodes and intestinal mucosa were consistently infiltrated by principally B lymphocytes, which often obliterated the normal architecture. Of 84 clinically normal marmosets, 52 were seropositive for EBV, The tumor DNA contained previously unreported herpesvirus sequences closely related to but distinct from those of EBV, Herpesvirus papio, and these lymphocryptovirus, a novel gammaherpesvirus, Results of PCR analysis of circulating lymphocytes from EBV-positive, clinically normal marmosets were negative for EBV antibodies and were positive for marmoset lymphocryptovirus; PCR analysis of circulating lymphocytes from EBV-negative marmosets yielded negative results for EBV and this novel marmoset lymphocryptovirus. Conclusion: This novel gammaherpesvirus possibly associated with tumor development may have important management implications for captive callitrichids. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. PathoGenesis Corp, Seattle, WA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ramer, JC (reprint author), Indianapolis Zoo, 1200 W Washington St, Indianapolis, IN 46222 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00167] NR 46 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1058-2401 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 50 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 305WR UT WOS:000086564900012 PM 10987671 ER PT J AU Macedonia, M AF Macedonia, M TI Why digital entertainment drives the need for speed SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article C1 USA, Stricom, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Macedonia, M (reprint author), USA, Stricom, 12350 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD FEB PY 2000 VL 33 IS 2 BP 124 EP 127 DI 10.1109/2.820045 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 280DM UT WOS:000085087000035 ER PT J AU Rhodes, DL Gerasoulis, A AF Rhodes, DL Gerasoulis, A TI A scheduling approach to parallel harmonic balance simulation SO CONCURRENCY-PRACTICE AND EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE parallel simulation; scheduling; circuit simulation; load balancing ID CIRCUIT SIMULATION; PERFORMANCE; MPI AB Rather than approach the parallelization of the harmonic balance simulation method numerically, a novel scheduling-oriented approach is described. The technique leverages circuit substructure to expose potential parallelism in the form of a directed, acyclic graph (dag) of computations. This dag is then allocated and scheduled using various linear clustering techniques. The result is a highly scalable and efficient approach to harmonic balance simulation. Two large examples, one from the integrated circuit regime and another from the communication regime, executed on three different parallel computers are used to demonstrate the efficacy of the approach, Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, CECOM RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Rhodes, DL (reprint author), USA, CECOM RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1040-3108 J9 CONCURRENCY-PRACT EX JI Concurrency-Pract. Exp. PD FEB-MAR PY 2000 VL 12 IS 2-3 BP 175 EP 187 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9128(200002/03)12:2/3<175::AID-CPE466>3.0.CO;2-L PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 318RH UT WOS:000087297300009 ER PT J AU Hoover, JJ George, SG Killgore, KJ AF Hoover, JJ George, SG Killgore, KJ TI Rostrum size of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) (Acipenseriformes : Polyodontidae) front the Mississippi delta SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE PADDLEFISH AB Paddlefish rostra vary in size and shape suggesting existence of multiple morphotypes. Measurements for 118 adult paddlefish from a Mississippi delta river indicate that the rostrum becomes shorter, narrower, and straighter as a fish grows. Negative allometric growth of rostra, and high variation within size classes, may obscure existence of distinctive rostral morphotypes. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hoover, JJ (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, ER-A,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 1 PY 2000 IS 1 BP 288 EP 290 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 281XN UT WOS:000085186900034 ER PT J AU Torgerson, S Elston, DM AF Torgerson, S Elston, DM TI Photo quiz SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID PARVOVIRUS B19 INFECTION C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Torgerson, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2000 VL 65 IS 2 BP 64 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 283RK UT WOS:000085288900002 PM 10696555 ER PT J AU Dunaway, PM Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH AF Dunaway, PM Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH TI Characterization of esophageal striated muscle in patients with achalasia SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE achalasia; striated muscle; manometry; esophageal length AB Many studies have been conducted analyzing the manometric properties of patients with achalasia, but the striated portion of the esophagus has never been analyzed and is often overlooked. We retrospectively reviewed 120 manometric tracings (20 achalasia, 100 controls) performed between 1994 and 1997 and excluded tracings from patients with chronic cough and nutcracker esophagus. The data were assessed for age, sex, symptoms, duration of symptoms, lower esophageal sphincter pressure, gastroesophageal gradient, upper esophageal sphincter pressure, smooth muscle contraction amplitude and duration, striated muscle contraction amplitude and duration, length from upper esophageal sphincter to maximal striated muscle contraction, and esophageal length. The maximum striated muscle contraction amplitude was significantly decreased in achalasia patients with a median amplitude of 45 mm Hg (range 12-95) vs 76 mm Hg (range 30-210) in the control group (P = 0.002). Although the wave forms were similar, the maximum striated muscle contraction duration and the distance from the upper esophageal sphincter in achalasia patients was not significantly different from controls. The length of the esophagus was significantly longer in achalasia patients with a median value of 25 cm (range 21-30) vs 21 cm (range 17-26) in the control group (P < 0.001). Patients with achalasia have significantly lower maximum striated muscle contraction amplitudes and longer esophagi, but the duration of the contractions and the configuration of the wave forms are not different. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Bldg 2,Room 7F43, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 45 IS 2 BP 285 EP 288 DI 10.1023/A:1005400323789 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 290YJ UT WOS:000085705200012 PM 10711439 ER PT J AU Carmody, BJ Otchy, DP AF Carmody, BJ Otchy, DP TI Learning curve of transrectal ultrasound SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Society-of-Colon-and-Rectal-Surgeons CY MAY 02-07, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Soc Colon & Rectal Surgeons DE rectal neoplasm; carcinoma; endoluminal ultrasound; preoperative staging ID RECTAL-CANCER; ENDORECTAL ULTRASOUND; INTRARECTAL ULTRASOUND; ACCURACY; TUMORS AB PURPOSE: Transrectal ultrasound is the most accurate means of assessing the degree of invasion for rectal neoplasms. A learning curve for performing and interpreting these studies exists, but it is unknown how long or steep it is. We reviewed our initial results with transrectal ultrasound to determine our accuracy and to define the learning curve. METHODS: All patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound during our initial 30 months of experience were included. Each patient was staged with transrectal ultrasound and, after resection, the histopathologic stage was compared with transrectal ultrasound staging. The accuracy of transrectal ultrasound was calculated at intervals as experience was gained. RESULTS: A total of 42 examinations were performed on 41 neoplasms in 41 patients. Comparison between transrectal ultrasound and the pathologic stage could be made in 36 studies. Overall accuracy of degree of wall invasion was 78 percent. Overstaging occurred with eight neoplasms, and one lesion was understaged. Accuracy of transrectal ultrasound staging improved with time: 58 percent of the initial 12 studies were staged correctly compared with 87.5 percent accuracy in the remaining 24 examinations (P = 0.048). CONCLUSION: A definite learning curve was apparent. We conclude that transrectal ultrasound is a relatively simple procedure to learn and, once a moderate degree of experience is gained, should be routinely incorporated into the evaluation of rectal neoplasms. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Otchy, DP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 6800 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD FEB PY 2000 VL 43 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1007/BF02236981 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 286EN UT WOS:000085430800014 PM 10696893 ER PT J AU Clarke, JU McFarland, VA AF Clarke, JU McFarland, VA TI Uncertainty analysis for an equilibrium partitioning-based estimator of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon bioaccumulation potential in sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE bioaccumulation; sediment contaminants; uncertainty; bootstrap resampling; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ID ACCUMULATION FACTORS; PREDICTING BIOACCUMULATION; QUALITY ASSESSMENTS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; FOOD-WEB; MODEL; CONTAMINANTS; EXPOSURE; LAKES; FISH AB In regulatory evaluations of contaminated sediments, an equilibrium partitioning-based screening test called theoretical bioaccumulation potential (TBP) is often performed to estimate the probable concentrations of neutral organic contaminants that would eventually accumulate in aquatic organisms from continuous exposure to a sediment. The TBP is calculated from contaminant concentration and organic carbon content of the sediment, lipid content of target organisms, and a partition coefficient, usually the biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF). However, routine applications of TBP have not included analysis of uncertainty. This paper demonstrates two methods. for uncertainty analysis of TBP: a computational method that incorporates random and systematic error and a simulation method using bootstrap resampling of replicated model input parameters to calculate statistical uncertainty measures. For prediction of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bioaccumulation in bivalves exposed to contaminated sediments, uncertainty as a factor of TBP ranged from 1.2 to 4.8 using the computational method and 0.5 to 1.9 based an bootstrap 95% confidence intervals. Sensitivity analysis indicated that BSAF parameters, especially tissue contaminant concentration and lipid content, contributed most to TBP uncertainty. In bootstrap tests of significance, TBP significantly over- or underestimated actual PAH bioaccumulation in bivalves in 41% and 10% of comparisons, respectively. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Clarke, JU (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 19 IS 2 BP 360 EP 367 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<0360:UAFAEP>2.3.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 294ZW UT WOS:000085941900016 ER PT J AU Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Bridges, TS AF Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Bridges, TS TI Effects of exposure source, worm density, and sex on DDT bioaccumulation and toxicity in the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE exposure route; dietary uptake; bioaccumulation; DDT; Neanthes arenaceodentata ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; 2 INFAUNAL INVERTEBRATES; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SEDIMENT TOXICITY; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; HYALELLA-AZTECA; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; PONTOPOREIA-HOYI; WHOLE-SEDIMENT; AMPHIPOD AB The influence of exposure source, worm density, and sex on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of C-14-labeled DDT was evaluated for Neanthes arenaceodentata. Emergent juvenile worms were exposed to DDT-spiked sediment (SED), DDT-spiked supplemental food (TetraMarin; TM), or a combination of both (SEDTM) in 28-d toxicity experiments. The DDT concentrations in the sediment and in the food were equal on an organic carbon basis. Higher body residues were attained under the TM exposure compared to SED, indicating the importance of nonsedimentary organic matter as a source for contaminant uptake. The DDT was more bioavailable when associated with TetraMarin compared to sediment indicating that factors other than sorption to organic carbon can influence contaminant bioavailability. Body residues as high as 0.5 mol/g wet weight were not associated with decreased survival, suggesting general narcosis as the mode of lethal toxicity of DDT to N. arenaceodentata. Most of the body burden was DDT unmetabolized compound (similar to 70%). Reduced growth, observed under all exposures, was significant at lower concentrations when worms were fed DDT-spiked food (TM and SEDTM). Neanthes arenaceodentata may have detected the presence of DDT in the TetraMarin and decreased their feeding rate, at the cost of reduced growth. The influence of worm density on DDT toxicity and bioaccumulation was examined by exposing one or five worms per beaker (74 and 370 worms/m(2), respectively) to spiked sediment. Although higher body residues were attained under low density, worms exposed in groups of five were significantly more sensitive to the effects of DDT on growth. Sex also had a large influence on DDT uptake kinetics. In sediment exposures (SED) to a trace concentration, the uptake clearance rate (mg(OC)/g lipids/h) was two times more efficient and the elimination rate was five times faster in mature males than in mature females. C1 AScI Corp, CEWES ES F, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lotufo, GR (reprint author), AScI Corp, CEWES ES F, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 19 IS 2 BP 472 EP 484 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<0472:EOESWD>2.3.CO;2 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 294ZW UT WOS:000085941900029 ER PT J AU Ricca, RL Kuklo, TR Shawen, SB Vick, DJ Schaefer, RA AF Ricca, RL Kuklo, TR Shawen, SB Vick, DJ Schaefer, RA TI Periosteal chondroma of the cuboid presenting in a 7-year-old boy SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE cuboid; chondroma ID MALIGNANT CARTILAGE TUMORS; BONE-TUMORS; BENIGN; CHONDROSARCOMA; CHILDREN AB This case report discusses the finding of a periosteal (juxtacortical) chondroma of the cuboid in a 7-year-old male. While this lesion is well recognized in the tubular bones of adults, this case is unusual due to the child's age, the site of the lesion (cuboid), and the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis due to the cellular atypia. The child was treated with marginal resection and curettage with no evidence of local recurrence on follow-up, A review of the literature is also included in the discussion. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shawen, SB (reprint author), 17 Lloydminister Court, N Potomac, MD 20878 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 21 IS 2 BP 145 EP 149 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 282YV UT WOS:000085250100009 PM 10694027 ER PT J AU Gatto, LW AF Gatto, LW TI Soil freeze-thaw-induced changes to a simulated rill: potential impacts on soil erosion SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rills; freeze-thaw; mass failures; rill widening; cross-sectional geometry; erosion potential ID HYDRAULICS AB Flows in natural rills on hillslopes transport significantly more sediment down slope than overland flows, which makes rills geomorphically significant landscape features. The erosivity, e.g., sediment transport capacity, of the flows in rills is partially a function of the cross-sectional geometry of the rill which determines flow velocity and depth. Conversely, rill geometry is determined by flow erosivity and by soil processes that affect the erodibility and stability of soil along the rill. Thus, complex feedbacks exist in the mechanics of rill erosion. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of one of the soil processes that affect rill geometry, soil freeze-thaw (FT) cycling. An unvegetated rectangular rill was subjected to two FT cycles, each lasting several days, in a controlled laboratory setting. The FP cycling increased the water content and reduced the cohesion in the surface soil along the rill sufficiently to induce soil slumps and mud flows along the sidewalls of the rill. These mass failures changed the rectangular rill to a triangular one, which reduced the hydraulic radius of the rill by 32%. Using Manning's equation, it was estimated that this new geometry could reduce the velocity of the flow in this altered rill by about 25%. The persistence of the new rill shape and, thus, that of the slower flow would depend on the complex interactions between flow velocity and the resistance of the slumped sediment to those flows. That persistence was not investigated in this experiment. These results can be used in parameterizing models of rill evolution that incorporate widening of rills by mass failures along the rill sidewalls. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Geol Sci Div, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Gatto, LW (reprint author), USA, Geol Sci Div, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 32 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 160 DI 10.1016/S0169-555X(99)00092-6 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 297NA UT WOS:000086087900009 ER PT J AU Ness, JW Zwick, H Stuck, BE Lund, DJ Lund, BJ Molchany, JW Sliney, DH AF Ness, JW Zwick, H Stuck, BE Lund, DJ Lund, BJ Molchany, JW Sliney, DH TI Retinal image motion during deliberate fixation: Implications to laser safety for long duration viewing SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE imaging; lasers; safety standards; radiation damage ID INJURY; DAMAGE; LIGHT AB With the easy attainability of hand-held laser devices and the burgeoning light emitting diode (LED) technology, safety standards for long-term viewing of continuous light sources are being scrutinized. One concern is with quantifying the effect of head and eye movements on the distribution of energy over the retina. This experiment describes target motion over the retina as a result of head and eye movements during a deliberate fixation task. Volunteers deliberately fixated, with (fettered) and without (unfettered) head and chin rest support, on LEDs that subtended a 0.1 min of are visual angle. A Dual Purkinje Image Eyetracker measured eye position during each 100-s fixation trial. The data showed an elliptical retinal energy distribution, oriented on the temporal/nasal retinal axis, with a major axis 1.5 times greater than the minor. The average half-maximum diameter for the major axis was 40 mu m for the fettered and 107 mu m for the unfettered condition. The retinal area illuminated from head and eye movements showed a positive linear relationship with time. Peak retinal radiant exposure at 100 s was reduced by a factor of 10 as a result of eye movements and by a factor of 30 as a result of head and eye movements. Although the net result was a reduction in radiant exposure from a "no-movement" baseline, the distribution of energy over the retina was well within the 200 mu m foveal boundary. The data suggest that the laser permissible exposure limits for long term viewing of a small continuous wave source include a factor that adjusts for this reduction in retinal radiant exposure with time. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. TASC Inc, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM JNess@laser.brooks.af.mil NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 78 IS 2 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1097/00004032-200002000-00002 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 275WK UT WOS:000084843000001 PM 10647979 ER PT J AU Ejnik, JW Carmichael, AJ Hamilton, MM McDiarmid, M Squibb, K Boyd, P Tardiff, W AF Ejnik, JW Carmichael, AJ Hamilton, MM McDiarmid, M Squibb, K Boyd, P Tardiff, W TI Determination of the isotopic composition of uranium in urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE excretion, urinary; uranium, depleted; plasma; dose, internal ID BEHAVIOR AB A simple method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed to identify exposure to depleted uranium by measuring the isotopic composition of uranium in urine. Exposure to depleted uranium results in a decreased percentage of U-235 in, urine samples causing measurements to vary between natural uranium's 0.72% and depleted uranium's 0.2%, Urine samples from a non-depleted uranium exposed group and a suspected depleted uranium exposed group were processed and analyzed by ICP-MS to determine whether depleted uranium was present in the urine. Sample preparation involved dry-ashing the urine at 450 degrees C followed by wet-ashing with a series of additions of concentrated nitric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide, The ash from the urine was dissolved in 1 M nitric acid, and the intensity of U-235 and U-238 ions were measured by ICP-MS. After the samples were ashed, the ICP-MS measurements required less than 5 min. The U-235 percentage in individuals from the depleted uranium exposed group with urine uranium concentrations greater than 150 ng L-1 was between 0.20%-0.33%, correctly identifying depleted uranium exposure. Samples from the non-depleted uranium exposed individuals had urine uranium concentration less than 50 ng L-1 and U-235 percentages consistent with natural uranium (0.7%-1.0%). A minimum concentration of 14 ng L-1 uranium was required to obtain sufficient U-235 to allow calculating a valid isotopic ratio. Therefore, the percent U-235 in urine samples measured by this method can be used to identify low-level exposure to depleted uranium. C1 Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ejnik@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil NR 22 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 78 IS 2 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1097/00004032-200002000-00003 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 275WK UT WOS:000084843000002 PM 10647980 ER PT J AU Yang, H Niimi, H Keister, JW Lucovsky, G AF Yang, H Niimi, H Keister, JW Lucovsky, G TI The effects of interfacial sub-oxide transition regions and monolayer level nitridation on tunneling currents in silicon devices SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GATE DIELECTRICS; BEHAVIOR AB Direct tunneling (D-T) in Si metal-oxide-semicon ductor (MOS) devices having 1.8 to 3 nm thick gate oxides is reduced approximately tenfold by monolayer Si-dielectric interface nitridation with respect to devices with nonnitrided interfaces. The reduction is independent of gate oxide-equivalent thickness, and gate or substrate injection, and extends into the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling (F-N-T) regime for thicker oxides as well. A barrier layer model, including sub-oxide transition regions, has been developed for the interface electronic structure for tunneling calculations using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. These calculations provide a quantitative explanation for the observed tunneling current reductions. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Phys, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 16 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 21 IS 2 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.1109/55.821673 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 283WH UT WOS:000085298700007 ER PT J AU Zahn, D Sarabandi, K Sabet, KF Harvey, JF AF Zahn, D Sarabandi, K Sabet, KF Harvey, JF TI Numerical simulation of scattering from rough surfaces: A wavelet-based approach SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic scattering by rough surfaces; wavelet transforms ID BACKSCATTERING; APPROXIMATION; VALIDITY; SPECTRUM AB In this paper, a preliminary study is carried out to demonstrate the application of wavelets for improving the computation time and reducing computational memory required for evaluating the statistics of the scattered field from rough surfaces using the method of moments (MoM) in conjunction with a Monte Carlo simulation. In specific, Haar and the first order B-spline wavelet basis functions are applied to the MoM formulation of one-dimensional rough surfaces in order to compare the computation time and sparsity for wavelets in the same family but of higher order. Since the scattering coefficient (the second moment of the backscatter field per unit area) is a gentle function of the surface parameters and the radar attributes, it is demonstrated that a relatively high thresholding level can be applied to the impedance matrix, which leads to a sparser impedance matrix and faster computation time. It is also shown that applying a high threshold level the coefficients of the high-order wavelets would increase out of proportion, however, the effect of these current components averages out when computing the scattering coefficients. The resulting sparse impedance matrices are solved efficiently using fast search routines such as the conjugate gradient method. A systematic study is carried out to investigate the effect of different threshold levels on the accuracy versus computing speed criterion. The computed scattering coefficients are compared to previous results computed using a conventional pulse basis function as well as the existing theoretical solutions for rough surfaces. It is shown that wavelet basis functions provide substantial reductions in both memory requirements and computation time. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EMAG Technol Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zahn, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 48 IS 2 BP 246 EP 253 DI 10.1109/8.833074 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 304RW UT WOS:000086498800013 ER PT J AU Shah, PB Smith, DD Griffin, TE Jones, KA Sheppard, ST AF Shah, PB Smith, DD Griffin, TE Jones, KA Sheppard, ST TI Carrier transport related analysis of high-power AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE AlGaN; HEMT; magnetoresistance; MODFET ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SCATTERING; QUANTUM; HETEROJUNCTION; COEFFICIENTS; SYSTEMS AB Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillation and Hall measurement results were compared with HEMT de and rf characteristics for two different MOCVD grown AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures on semiinsulating 4H-SiC substrates. A HEMT with a 40-nm, highly doped AlGaN cap layer exhibited an electron mobility of 1500 cm(2)/V/s and a sheet concentration of 9 x 10(12) cm(-2) at 300 K (7900 cm(2)/V/s and 8 x 10(12) cm(-2) at 80 K), but showed a high threshold voltage and high de output conductance. A 27-nm AlGaN cap with a thinner, lightly doped donor layer yielded similar Hall values, but lower threshold voltage and output conductance and demonstrated a high CW power density of 6.9 W/mm at 10 GHz. The 2DEG of this improved structure had a sheet concentration of n(SdH) = 7.8 x 10(12) cm(-2) and a high quantum scattering lifetime of tau(q) = 1.5 x 10(-13) s at 4.2 K compared to n(SdH) = 8.24 x 10(12) cm(-2) and tau(q) = 1.72 x 10(-13) s for the thick AlGaN cap layer cm structure. Despite the excellent characteristics of the films, the SdH oscillations still indicate a slight parallel conduction and a weak localization of electrons. These results indicate that good channel quality and high sheet carrier density are not the only HEMT attributes required for good transistor performance. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Cree Res Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Shah, PB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD FEB PY 2000 VL 47 IS 2 BP 308 EP 312 DI 10.1109/16.822273 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 284RA UT WOS:000085344800009 ER PT J AU Pakhomov, AG Murphy, MR AF Pakhomov, AG Murphy, MR TI Low-intensity millimeter waves as a novel therapeutic modality SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st First International Symposium on Nonthermal Medical/Biological Treatments Using Electromagnetic Fields and Ionizes Gases (ElectroMed99) CY APR 12-14, 1999 CL NORFOLK, VIRGINIA SP USAF Off Sci Res, Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Bioelectromagnet Soc, Old Dominion Univ, Eastern Virgina Med Sch, Coll William & Mary DE millimeter waves; specific bioeffects; therapy ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CONTINUOUS MICROWAVE; ISOLATED NERVE; FREQUENCY; GROWTH; FIELD AB One of the most significant events in contemporary electromagnetic biology is a surge in interest to specific effects of low-intensity millimeter-band radiation (30-300 GHz), Bioeffects of millimeter waves (MMW's) can often occur without any considerable heating of the exposed subject, and biological responses are principally different from those caused by heating. The effects of MMW's often have a sharp, resonance-like dependence on the radiation frequency, but they depend relatively little on the radiation intensity. A brief, low-intensity MMW exposure can change cell growth and proliferation rates, activity of enzymes, state of cell genetic apparatus, function of excitable membranes and peripheral receptors; it can alleviate stress reactions, stimulate tissue repair and regeneration, etc. In Eastern Europe, low-intensity MMW's are widely employed for therapeutic purposes. The method has gained official recognition, and millions of people received MMW therapy for various conditions. While the mechanisms of MMW efficacy remain unclear and their medical usage is mostly empirical, the knowledge accumulated over more than 20 years of MMW therapy merits careful analysis and consideration. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, McKesson Bioserv, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF, Res Lab,Radio Frequency Radiat Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Directed Energy Bioeffects Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Pakhomov, AG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, McKesson Bioserv, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 38 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 28 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1109/27.842821 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 314XE UT WOS:000087082200005 ER PT J AU Kiel, JL Parker, JE Morales, PJ Alls, JL Mason, PA Seaman, RL Mathur, SP Holwitt, EA AF Kiel, JL Parker, JE Morales, PJ Alls, JL Mason, PA Seaman, RL Mathur, SP Holwitt, EA TI Pulsed microwave induced bioeffects SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st First International Symposium on Nonthermal Medical/Biological Treatments Using Electromagnetic Fields and Ionizes Gases (ElectroMed99) CY APR 12-14, 1999 CL NORFOLK, VIRGINIA SP USAF Off Sci Res, Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Bioelectromagnet Soc, Old Dominion Univ, Eastern Virgina Med Sch, Coll William & Mary DE anthrax; bacillus; high-power; microwaves; pulse ID NITRIC-OXIDE; OXIDATION; MYELOPEROXIDASE; 3-NITROTYROSINE; PEROXYNITRITE; NITRATION; TYROSINE; CELLS; GENE; DALM AB High-power pulsed microwave radiation, when applied to solutions containing dissolved carbon dioxide (or bicarbonate), hydrogen peroxide, and the soluble organic semi-conductor diazoluminomelanin, generates sound, pulsed luminescence, and electrical discharge. Microbes exposed to these phenomena experienced damage comparable to short-time, high-temperature insults, even though the average and measurable localized temperatures were insufficient to cause the observed effects. C1 USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Veridian Inc, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. McKesson BioServ, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Med Res Command Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Conceptual MindWorks Inc, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RP Kiel, JL (reprint author), USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 28 IS 1 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1109/27.842892 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 314XE UT WOS:000087082200024 ER PT J AU Golubev, AI Sysoeva, TG Terekhin, VA Tikhonchuk, VT Altgilbers, LL AF Golubev, AI Sysoeva, TG Terekhin, VA Tikhonchuk, VT Altgilbers, LL TI Kinetic model of the propagation of intense subnanosecond electromagnetic pulse through the lower atmosphere SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st First International Symposium on Nonthermal Medical/Biological Treatments Using Electromagnetic Fields and Ionizes Gases (ElectroMed99) CY APR 12-14, 1999 CL NORFOLK, VIRGINIA SP USAF Off Sci Res, Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Bioelectromagnet Soc, Old Dominion Univ, Eastern Virgina Med Sch, Coll William & Mary DE air breakdown; electromagnetic pulse; kinetic model ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION; VALUES; N-2; E/N; SCATTERING; BREAKDOWN; AIR AB The propagation of high-amplitude electromagnetic pulses (EMP's) having a pulse length of nanoseconds through the lower atmosphere is studied by using a kinetic model for free electrons. It is shown that an EMP with an amplitude above 1 MV/m can be transported to altitudes of 50 km from the ground without significant energy loss due to the shortness of its pulse Length, The distortion of these pulses due to air breakdown and the energy distribution of the electrons in the plasma in the tail of the pulse will also be characterized. C1 Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, All Russian Sci Res Inst Expt Phys, Sarov 607190, Russia. USA, Space & Missile Command, Missile Def & Space Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Golubev, AI (reprint author), Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, All Russian Sci Res Inst Expt Phys, Sarov 607190, Russia. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 28 IS 1 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1109/27.842926 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 314XE UT WOS:000087082200044 ER PT J AU Mahfuz, H Zhu, YH Haque, A Abutalib, A Vaidya, U Jeelani, S Gama, B Gillespie, J Fink, B AF Mahfuz, H Zhu, YH Haque, A Abutalib, A Vaidya, U Jeelani, S Gama, B Gillespie, J Fink, B TI Investigation of high-velocity impact on integral armor using finite element method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE integral armor; high-velocity impact; finite element; composites; ceramic; rubber ID PENETRATION AB Finite element analysis using DYNA3D has been performed to investigate the response of an integral armor under high-velocity impact. The analysis is based on actual experiments conducted in a gas gun set up. A 3-D model consisting of the various discrete layers of the armor has been developed and subjected to transient dynamic loading. The geometry and boundary conditions are all pertinent to the experiment. The projectile is blunt ended and is made from a hardened 4340 steel rod. The integral armor is a 305 x 305 x 46 mm(3) plate with multi-component layers of AD-90 ceramic, EPDM rubber, S2-glass/Vinyl ester and phenolic composites. V-50 velocity for a fragment-simulating projectile (FSP) has been considered, and the corresponding responses have been investigated to assess the failure of the armor at the ballistic limit. The analyses also provided information regarding the extent of the damage zone in the neighborhood of the bullet. The correlation with the experimentally observed damage zone was in good agreement with the FE analysis. Stress distributions through the thickness have been determined and maximum values were found to occur at the ceramic layer. From the delamination point of view the two interfaces across the rubber layer were found to be most critical. Interlaminar tensile and shear stress distributions have also been examined, and their contributions to the failure of the armor have been discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, ARL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Mahfuz, H (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. NR 11 TC 56 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 24 IS 2 BP 203 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(99)00047-0 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 284BU UT WOS:000085311500006 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Rock, PB Muza, SR Lammi, E Cymerman, A Lewis, SF AF Fulco, CS Rock, PB Muza, SR Lammi, E Cymerman, A Lewis, SF TI Reproducible voluntary muscle performance during constant work rate dynamic leg exercise SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE exercise; exhaustion; MVC; force; muscle fatigue; muscle function; leg extension ID FATIGUE AB During constant intensity treadmill or cycle exercise, progressive muscle fatigue is not readily quantified and endurance time is poorly reproducible. However, integration of dynamic knee extension (DKE) exercise with serial measurement of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of knee extensor muscles permits close tracking of leg fatigue. We studied reproducibility of four performance indices: MVC force of rested muscle (MVCrest) rate of MVC force fall, time to exhaustion, and percentage of MVCrest (%MVCrest) at exhaustion in 11 healthy women (22 +/- 1 yrs) during identical constant work rate 1-leg DKE (1 Hz) on 2 separate days at sea level (30 m). Means +/- SD for the two test days, and the correlations (r), standard estimate errors and coefficients of variation (CV%) between days were, respectively: a) MVCrest (N), 524 +/- 99 vs 517 +/- 111, 0.91, 43.0, 4.9%; b) MVC force fall (N x min(-1)), - 10.77 +/- 9.3 vs - 11.79 +/- 12.1, 0.94, 3.6, 26.5 %; c) Time to exhaustion (min), 22.6 +/- 12 vs 23.9 +/- 14, 0.98, 2.7, 7.5 %; and d) %MVCrest at exhaustion, 65 +/- 13 vs 62 +/- 14, 0.85, 7.8, 5.6%. There were no statistically significant mean differences between the two test days for any of the performance measures. To demonstrate the potential benefits of evaluating multiple effects of an experimental intervention, nine of the women were again tested within 24 hr of arriving at 4300 m altitude using the identical force, velocity, power output, and energy requirement during constant work rate dynamic leg exercise. Low variability of each performance index enhanced the ability to describe the effects of acute altitude exposure on voluntary muscle function. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Fulco, CS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 21 IS 2 BP 102 EP 106 PG 5 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 291VK UT WOS:000085759200004 PM 10727069 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, D Jensen, KL Buot, FA AF Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, D Jensen, KL Buot, FA TI Simulation of resonant tunneling structures: Origin of the I-V hysteresis and plateau-like structure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; OSCILLATIONS AB Hysteresis and plateau-like behavior of the I-V curves of a double-barrier resonant tunneling structure are simulated in the negative differential resistance region. Our simulation results show that the creation of an emitter quantum well after the current passes its maximum value is the key point in understanding the origin of the I-V plateau-like structure. It is demonstrated that the plateau-like behavior of the I-V curves is produced by the coupling between the energy level in the emitter quantum well and that in the main quantum well. The hysteresis is a manifestation of the above-mentioned energy level coupling, the accumulation and distribution of electrons in the emitter, and the coupling between the energy level in the quantum well and the conduction band edge or the three-dimensional continuum states in the emitter. The effects of the structural parameters on the bistability of the I-V curves of resonant tunneling devices are discussed. The creation and disappearance mechanism of the emitter quantum well is presented. The effects of device temperature on the hysteresis and plateau-like behavior of the I-V curves are obtained. These results provide the physical basis for utilizing the plateau-like structure of I-V curves in designing resonant tunneling devices. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(00)02302-1]. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 13 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2000 VL 87 IS 3 BP 1337 EP 1349 DI 10.1063/1.372019 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 275LV UT WOS:000084822400050 ER PT J AU Eikenberg, S Vandre, R AF Eikenberg, S Vandre, R TI Comparison of digital dental X-ray systems with self-developing film and manual processing for endodontic file length determination SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID SENS-A-RAY AB Human skulls were sectioned into 15 sextants. Teeth were then removed and 45 canals were instrumented to their apical foramina. Endodontic files were glued in place at random distances from the apical foramina. Image geometry was maintained by a custom mounting jig. Images were captured with self-developing film, manually processed D-speed film, and a digital radiographic system (Dexis), Digital images were read on a conventional color monitor (cathode ray tube) and a laptop screen (active-matrix liquid crystal display). Fifteen dentists measured the distance from the file tip to the apical foramen of the tooth. Results showed that the measurement error was significantly less for the digital images than for the film-based images. it is likely that these statistical differences may not be of great clinical significance because the digital images could be measured in increments <0.25 mm. C1 USA, Dent Res Inst, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Eikenberg, S (reprint author), USA, Dent Res Inst, 310B B St,Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 26 IS 2 BP 65 EP 67 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 279EV UT WOS:000085032200001 PM 11194373 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Meyers, M AF Cerco, CF Meyers, M TI Tributary refinements to Chesapeake Bay model SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB A series of refinements was added to a previously completed three-dimensional eutrophication model of Chesapeake Bay. Refinements included increased grid resolution in the western tributaries and in shallow littoral areas, extension of the grid onto the continental shelf, extension of the validation period to 1985-1994, and addition of living resources. Computations of zooplankton, submerged aquatic vegetation, and benthos compared successfully with observations aggregated over annual time scales and at spatial scales on the order of 100 km(2). C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. HydroQual Inc, Mahwah, NJ 07430 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2000 VL 126 IS 2 BP 164 EP 174 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2000)126:2(164) PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276DQ UT WOS:000084860700011 ER PT J AU Pochop, PA Cummings, JL Yoder, CA Gossweiler, WA AF Pochop, PA Cummings, JL Yoder, CA Gossweiler, WA TI Physical barrier to reduce WP mortalities of foraging waterfowl SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID WHITE PHOSPHORUS; RISK; PREDATORS; MARSH; DUCKS AB White phosphorus (WP) has been identified as the cause of mortality to certain species of waterfowl at Eagle River Flats, a tidal marsh in Alaska, used as an ordnance impact area by the U.S. Army. A blend of calcium bentonite/organo clays, gravel, and binding polymers was tested for effectiveness as a barrier to reduce duck foraging and mortality. Following the application of the barrier to one of two contaminated ponds, we observed greater duck foraging and higher mortality in the untreated pond and no mortality in the treated pond after a year of tidal inundations and ice effects. Emergent vegetation recovered within a year of treatment. Mrp levels in the barrier were less than the method limit of detection, indicating no migration of WP into the material. Barrier thickness remained relatively stable over a period of 4 years, and vegetation was found to be important in stabilizing the barrier material. C1 USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. USA, Infantry Div Light 6, Ctr Environm, Ft Richardson, AK 99505 USA. RP Pochop, PA (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2000 VL 126 IS 2 BP 182 EP 187 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2000)126:2(182) PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276DQ UT WOS:000084860700013 ER PT J AU O'Malley, AS O'Malley, PG AF O'Malley, AS O'Malley, PG TI Low-income women's priorities for primary care - A qualitative study SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE primary health care; poverty; health priorities; patient satisfaction; women ID MEDICAL-CARE; MANAGED CARE; PERCEPTIONS; PHYSICIAN; SERVICES; CLINICS AB BACKGROUND Because of their challenging social and economic environments, low-income women map find particular features of primary care uniquely important. For this qualitative study we explored which features are priorities to women from low-income settings and whether those priorities fit into an established primary care framework. METHODS we performed a qualitative analysis of 4 focus groups of women aged 40 to 65 years from 4 community health clinics in Washington, DC, Prompted by semistructured open-ended questions, the focus groups discussed their experiences with ambulatory care and the attributes of primary care that they found important. The focus groups were audiotaped, and the tapes were transcribed verbatim and coded independently by 3 readers. RESULTS The comments were independently organized into 5 content areas of primary care sen ice delivery plus the construct of patient-provider relationship in the following order of frequency: accessibility (37.4%), the physician-patient relationship (37.4%), comprehensive scope of services (11.5%), coordination between providers (6.8%), continuity with a single clinician (3.7%), and accountability (3.2%). Commonly reported specific priorities included a sense of concern and respect from the clinicians and staff toward the patient, a physician who was willing to talk and spend time with them (attributes of the physician-patient relationship), weekend or evening hours, waiting times (attributes of organizational accessibility), location in the inner city and on public transport routes (an attribute of geographic accessibility), ar availability of coordinated social and clinical sen-ices on-site; and, availability of mental health services on-site (attributes of comprehensiveness and of coordination). CONCLUSIONS All attributes of care that were priorities for low-income women fit into 1 of 6 content areas. Specific features within the content areas of accessibility, physician-patient relationship, and comprehensiveness were particularly important for these women. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP O'Malley, AS (reprint author), Suite 440,2233 Wisconsin Ave NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU DOWDEN PUBLISHING CORP PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 49 IS 2 BP 141 EP 146 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 314VH UT WOS:000087077900005 PM 10718691 ER PT J AU Favorov, MO Kosoy, MY Tsarev, SA Childs, JE Margolis, HS AF Favorov, MO Kosoy, MY Tsarev, SA Childs, JE Margolis, HS TI Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis E virus among rodents in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NON-B HEPATITIS; NON-A; MOSAIC PROTEIN; E INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; TRANSMISSION; IDENTIFICATION; NEPAL; INDIA; SWINE AB The recent identification of antibody to hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pigs, sheep, and cattle and characterization of an HEV isolated from domestic pigs suggest animal reservoirs for this virus. To investigate whether rodents might be a natural reservoir of HEV, the prevalence of anti-HEV was determined among a variety of species throughout the United States, Serum samples were obtained from 806 rodents of 26 species in 15 genera, Anti-HEV prevalence was assessed by 2 EIAs (mosaic protein- and 55-kDa protein-based), which gave concordant results. The highest prevalence of antibody was found in the genus Rattus (59.7%; 166/278), Overall, rodents from urban habitats had a significantly higher prevalence of anti-HEV than did animals captured from rural areas, A high prevalence of anti-HEV was found in animals captured on mainland versus barrier islands. The results from this study provide convincing evidence of widespread HEV or HEV-like infection in rodents of the United States. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hepatitis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Int Hlth, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Favorov, MO (reprint author), 2877 Brandywine Rd,M-S K72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RI Childs, James/B-4002-2012 NR 27 TC 104 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 181 IS 2 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1086/315273 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 292BT UT WOS:000085774800006 PM 10669325 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL Monahan, EC AF Andreas, EL Monahan, EC TI The role of whitecap bubbles in air-sea heat and moisture exchange SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BREAKING WIND-WAVES; LAGRANGIAN MODEL; WATER-INTERFACE; SPRAY DROPLETS; OCEAN; SIMULATION; PARAMETERIZATION; FLUCTUATIONS; EVAPORATION; ENTRAINMENT AB In high winds, the sea surface is no longer simply connected. Whitecap bubbles and sea spray provide additional surfaces that may enhance the transfer of any quantity normally exchanged at the air-sea interface. This paper investigates the role that the air bubbles in whitecaps pray in the air-sea exchange of sensible and latent heat. Bubble spectra published in the literature suggest that an upper bound on the volume flux of bubbles per unit surface area in Stage A whitecaps is 3.8 x 10(-2) m(3) m(-2) s(-1). This estimate, a knowledge of whitecap coverage as a function of wind speed, and microphysical arguments lead to estimates of the sensible (Q(bs)) and latent (Q(bL)) heal fluxes carried across the sea surface by air cycled through whitecap bubbles. Because Q(bs) and Q(bL) scale as do the usual turbulent or interfacial fluxes of sensible and latent heat, these bubble fluxes can be represented simply as multiplicative factors f(s) and f(L), respectively, that modulate the 10-m bulk transfer coefficients for sensible (C-H10) and latent (C-E10) heat. Computations show, however, that even the upper bounds on the bubble heat fluxes are too small to be measured. For 10-m wind speeds up to 20 m s(-1), f(s) and f(L) are always between 1.00 and 1.01. For a 10-m wind speed of 40 m s(-1), f(s) and f(L) are still less than 1.05. Consequently, for wind speeds up to 40 m s(-1) --a range over which it should be safe to extrapolate the models of sea surface physics used here--the near-surface air heated and moistened in whitecap bubbles seems incapable of contributing measurably to air-sea heat and moisture transfer. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 58 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 30 IS 2 BP 433 EP 442 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030<0433:TROWBI>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 301TZ UT WOS:000086327500012 ER PT J AU Foster, DL Behl, WK Wolfenstine, J AF Foster, DL Behl, WK Wolfenstine, J TI The effect of various electrolyte additives on reversible Li-graphite intercalation SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE chelating agents; tetraglyme; Li-ion; batteries; graphite ID CARBONATE ELECTROLYTE; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; BATTERIES; INSERTION C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Foster, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB PY 2000 VL 85 IS 2 BP 299 EP 301 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00345-6 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 290BB UT WOS:000085655500016 ER PT J AU Watson, SJ AF Watson, SJ TI Beating ploughshares into swords: The political economy of American warfare, 1606-1865 SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, SJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 66 IS 1 BP 104 EP 105 DI 10.2307/2587441 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 280XQ UT WOS:000085129400007 ER PT J AU McClean, MD AF McClean, MD TI Patterns of orofacial movement velocity across variations in speech rate SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE speech rots; speech motor control; orofacial velocity; lips; tongue; jaw ID LOWER-LIP; JAW; SENSITIVITY; VARIABILITY; PARAMETERS; ACTIVATION; KINEMATICS AB To understand the clinical aspects of speech rate control, a clearer picture is needed of how orofacial structures are coordinated across variations in speech rate. To address this problem, patterns of orofacial tangential velocity or speed were analyzed in a group of 9 normal speakers as they produced the utterance "a bad daba" at fast, normal, and slow speech rates. An electromagnetic system was used to record the movements of the upper lip, lower lip, jaw, and tongue. Measures of the magnitude of peak tangential velocities were obtained across the four structures. Orofacial velocities consistently decreased at slow rates relative to normal rates, whereas at fast rates increased and decreased velocities were observed in an equivalent number of cases. Significant correlations frequently were obtained across speech rate between lip, tongue, and jaw velocities. Upper and lower lip velocities showed consistent positive correlations with one another, whereas marked intersubject differences were observed in the sign of jaw-related correlations. Repeated testing on 3 subjects indicated a high degree of consistency within subjects in the overall patterns of mean velocity For the different structures. Results are discussed in relation to possible motor control differences underlying fast and slow speech, neural coupling of muscle systems, and jaw-related individual differences in speech motor coordination. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McClean, MD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 43 IS 1 BP 205 EP 216 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 278NB UT WOS:000084994900015 PM 10668663 ER PT J AU Polly, DW Klemme, WR Cunningham, BW Burnette, JB Haggerty, CJ Oda, I AF Polly, DW Klemme, WR Cunningham, BW Burnette, JB Haggerty, CJ Oda, I TI The biomechanical significance of anterior column support in a simulated single-level spinal fusion SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE fusion; instrumentation; cages; biomechanics AB This study examines the biomechanical effects of interbody cages and variations in posterior rod diameter in a simulated single-level spinal fusion. A single-level spinal fusion model composed of polyethylene cylinders, posterior pedicular instrumentation, and variously positioned single or dual interbody cages was used for biomechanical testing. Constructs were tested under compressive flexural load, with measurement of stiffness, rod strain, cage strain, and intracage pressure. A strong linear correlation emerged between the mean construct stiffness and cage positioning within the sagittal plane that was inversely related to posterior rod strain. Two small titanium mesh cages were equivalent to one large cage. In a single-level spine model, the presence of and sagittal position of interbody cages significantly influences overall construct stiffness. Cage strain increased with more anterior positions and was inversely related to rod strain. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 7 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0895-0385 J9 J SPINAL DISORD JI J. Spinal Disord. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 13 IS 1 BP 58 EP 62 DI 10.1097/00002517-200002000-00012 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 285PJ UT WOS:000085397200012 PM 10710152 ER PT J AU Grant, KW Seitz, PF AF Grant, KW Seitz, PF TI The recognition of isolated words and words in sentences: Individual variability in the use of sentence context SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY-VISUAL INTEGRATION; SPEECH RECOGNITION; CONSONANT RECOGNITION; AGE-DIFFERENCES; PERCEPTION; PHONEME; NOISE AB Estimates of the ability to make use of sentence context in 34 postlingually hearing-impaired (HI) individuals were obtained using formulas developed by Boothroyd and Nittrouer [Boothroyd and Nittrouer, J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 84, 101-114 (1988)] which relate scores for isolated words to words in meaningful sentences. Sentence materials were constructed by concatenating digitized productions of isolated words to ensure physical equivalence among the test items in the two conditions. Isolated words and words in sentences were tested at three levels of intelligibility (targeting 29%, 50%, and 79% correct). Thus, for each subject, three estimates of context ability, or k factors, were obtained. In addition, auditory, visual, and auditory-visual sentence recognition was evaluated using natural productions of sentence materials. Two main questions were addressed: (1) Is context ability constant for speech materials produced with different degrees of clarity? and (2) What are the relations between individual estimates of k and sentence recognition as a function of presentation modality? Results showed that estimates of k were not constant across different levels of intelligibility: k was greater for the more degraded condition relative to conditions of higher word intelligibility. Estimates of k also were influenced strongly by the test order of isolated words and words in sentences. That is, prior exposure to words in sentences improved later recognition of the same words when presented in isolation (and vice versa), even though the 1500 key words comprising the test materials were presented under degraded (filtered) conditions without feedback. The impact of this order effect was to reduce individual estimates of k fur subjects exposed to sentence materials first and to increase estimates of k for subjects exposed to isolated words first. Finally, significant relationships were found between individual k scores and sentence recognition scores in all three presentation modalities, suggesting that k is a useful measure of individual differences in the ability to use sentence context. (C) 2000 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(00)03802-9]. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00792, DC01643] NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 107 IS 2 BP 1000 EP 1011 DI 10.1121/1.428280 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 281YY UT WOS:000085190100035 PM 10687709 ER PT J AU Quinn, GD Swab, JJ AF Quinn, GD Swab, JJ TI Elastic modulus by resonance of rectangular prisms: Corrections for edge treatments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The effects of edge chamfers on the resonant frequency of rectangular bar-shaped ceramic specimens, as well as their effect on the dynamic elastic modulus, have been studied. PI, correction factor must be applied to obtain the true elastic moduli of specimen bars with chamfered or rounded edges. C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Quinn, GD (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 83 IS 2 BP 317 EP 320 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 291XJ UT WOS:000085764600011 ER PT J AU Simpson, DE Boura, JA Grines, LL Grines, CL AF Simpson, DE Boura, JA Grines, LL Grines, CL TI Predictors of delay from ER to cath with primary PTCA for acute MI SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 35 IS 2 SU A BP 20A EP 20A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 282GL UT WOS:000085209700077 ER PT J AU Johnson, BE Julien, PY Molnar, DK Watson, CC AF Johnson, BE Julien, PY Molnar, DK Watson, CC TI The two-dimensional Upland erosion model CASC2D-SED SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE erosion; sedimentation; hydraulics; hydrograph; analysis and modeling; surface water hydrology AB The two-dimensional soil erosion model CASC2D-SED simulates the dynamics of upland erosion during single rainstorms. The model is based on the raster-based surface runoff calculations from CASC2D. Rainfall precipitation is distributed in time and space. Infiltration is calculated from the Green-Ampt equations. Surface runoff is calculated from the diffusive wave approximation to the Saint-Venant equations in two-dimensions. Watershed data bases in raster Geographical Information System (GIS) provide information on the soil type, size fractions, soil erodibility, cropping management, and conservation practice factors for soil erosion calculations. Upland sediment transport is calculated for the size fractions (sand, silt, and clay), and the model displays the sediment flux, the amount of suspended sediment, and the net erosion and deposition using color graphics. The model has been tested on Goodwin Creek, Mississippi. The peak discharge and time to peak are within +/- 20 percent and sediment transport rates within -50 percent to 200 percent. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Johnson, BE (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 8 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 36 IS 1 BP 31 EP 42 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04246.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 297HW UT WOS:000086077700003 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Dou, RS AF Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Dou, RS TI Spontaneous optical pattern formation in a large array of optoelectronic feedback circuits SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR OPTICS; SPATIOTEMPORAL STRUCTURES; 2-DIMENSIONAL FEEDBACK; SYSTEMS; MIRROR; INSTABILITIES; COMPETITION; DYNAMICS; CAVITY AB Strong nonlinear optical effects and optical pattern-forming systems can be designed with the optical system architectures introduced here on the basis of large-scale arrays of optoelectronic feedback circuits. Experiments were performed with a Liquid-crystal television panel as a large-scale array of phase modulators and a CCD camera as a photoarray. By synthesizing various nonlinearities and using controllable spatial coupling, we obtained a variety of transversal optical patterns, localized states, waves, and chaotic regimes. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America [S0740-3224(00)00602-0]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Informat Sci & Technol Directorate, AMSRL IS C, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Informat Sci & Technol Directorate, AMSRL IS C, 2800 Powdermill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 2000 VL 17 IS 2 BP 266 EP 274 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.17.000266 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 283AZ UT WOS:000085255100014 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, RR Kolka, MA AF Gonzalez, RR Kolka, MA TI Prediction of anticholinergic drug response using a thermoregulatory exchange index SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIth International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation CY MAY 09-13, 1999 CL SEVILLE, SPAIN DE heat acclimation; anticholinergics; hyperthermia ID ATROPINE AB 1. Among the drugs used for treatment of psychoses are those compounds which have a degree of anticholinergic action directly on eccrine sweat glands which disrupts thermoregulation. Atropine (a potent nerve agent antidote) reduces thermoregulatory sweating causing intense heat storage often leading to hyperpyrexia. 2. A heat exchange analysis was carried out using a database of previous studies in our Institute in which saline and atropine (2 mg i.m.) were injected in 14 healthy male subjects before and after heat acclimation. Subjects walked on a treadmill in hot-dry and hot-wet environments. 3. A new effective temperature (ET*) was generated that can be implemented in any heat exchange evaluation utilizing biophysical and physiological data including mean skin temperature, rectal temperature, heart rate, metabolic activity, and skin evaporative heat loss. 4. Heat acclimation reduced ET* by some 2.5 degrees C when compared with the unacclimated state after atropine injection. Heat acclimation thereby potentially lessens the hazards of heatstroke caused by exercise in the heat with atropine injection. 5. Such a heat exchange model can be used to predict responses to other anticholinergic agents and has potential-relevance applied in understanding psychotropic drug-related hyperthermia. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gonzalez, RR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 5 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD FEB-APR PY 2000 VL 25 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00049-2 PN 2 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 277PD UT WOS:000084941200027 ER PT J AU Calkins, MD AF Calkins, MD TI Untitled - Reply SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Calkins, MD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2000 VL 48 IS 2 BP 363 EP 363 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 284MH UT WOS:000085335800048 ER PT J AU Kar-Roy, A Dong, W Michael, N Li, Y AF Kar-Roy, A Dong, W Michael, N Li, Y TI Green fluorescence protein as a transcriptional reporter for the long terminal repeats of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE green fluorescence protein; transcriptional reporter; human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ID TRANS-ACTIVATOR GENE; NF-KAPPA-B; HTLV-III; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; HIV-1; REPLICATION; BINDING; BASAL; CELLS AB Using the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP), a transient reporter expression system was established to assess the transcriptional activity of the long terminal repeats (LTR) of primary isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Consistent with the conventional chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter, EGFP expression, under the direction of HIV-1 LTR, was readily detected in the transient transfection and was elevated by co-transfection of HIV-1 tat-expression vector. Comparing to CAT, however, EGFP expression system has two advantages: (i) Using a fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS), it was possible to simultaneously measure transfection efficiency and fluorescence intensity of the transfected live cells without the necessity of co-transfection of a reference plasmid for comparing the transcriptional activity of two promoters; and (ii) EGFP expression was readily detected at a DNA concentration where CAT activity was not detectable possibly because the transfectants could be 'gated'. On the other hand, at a higher concentration of DNA, CAT signal became more prominent than that of EGFP, possibly because the enzymatic activity of CAT 'amplified' the signal. EGFP fluorescence detected by FAGS was a direct measurement of the expressed chromophore. It is concluded that the system is rapid, reproducible, convenient and useful for quantitative analysis of transcription. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 21201 USA. NR 50 TC 11 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD FEB PY 2000 VL 84 IS 2 BP 127 EP 138 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00122-6 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 276YQ UT WOS:000084906300003 PM 10680962 ER EF