FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Kain, KC Shanks, GD Keystone, JS AF Kain, KC Shanks, GD Keystone, JS TI Malaria chemoprophylaxis in the age of drug resistance. I. Currently recommended drug regimens SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CONTROLLED FIELD TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; CYTOCHROME-B; PROPHYLAXIS; ATOVAQUONE; MEFLOQUINE; TRAVELERS; PROGUANIL AB As international travel becomes increasingly common and resistance to antimalarial drugs escalates, a growing number of travelers are at risk for contracting malaria. Parasite resistance to chloroquine and proguanil and real or perceived intolerance among patients to standard prophylactic agents such as mefloquine have highlighted the need for new antimalarial drugs. Promising new regimens include atovaquone and proguanil, in combination; primaquine; and a related 8-aminoquinoline, tafenoquine. These agents are active against the liver stage of the malaria parasite and therefore can be discontinued shortly after the traveler leaves an area where malaria is endemic, which encourages adherence to the treatment regimen. Part 1 of this series reviews currently recommended chemoprophylactic drug regimens, and part 2 will focus on 8-aminoquinoline drugs. C1 Toronto Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kain, KC (reprint author), Toronto Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, EN G-224,200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. NR 33 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 2 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1086/321817 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 444FD UT WOS:000169387700013 PM 11418883 ER PT J AU Tucker, WB Weatherly, JW Eppler, DT Farmer, LD Bentley, DL AF Tucker, WB Weatherly, JW Eppler, DT Farmer, LD Bentley, DL TI Evidence for rapid thinning of sea ice in the western Arctic Ocean at the end of the 1980s SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; THICKNESS; MOTION; TRENDS; COVER AB Examination of springtime ice drafts obtained from submarine profiles in a narrow band of the western Arctic Ocean from offshore Alaska to 89 degreesN indicates that the mean ice draft decreased 1.5 m between the mid-1980s and early 1990s. No similar trend was evident in ice drafts near the North Pole. The 1980s drafts were composed largely of ice exceeding 3.5 m, while the early 1990s drafts contained more ice in thinner categories. The differences in drafts between the two periods appear to be related largely to ice dynamics effects associated with the presence and strength of the Beaufort Gyre, which weakened considerably in the early 1990s. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Bronson Hills Associates, Fairlee, VT 05045 USA. USN, Arctic Submarine Lab, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Tucker, WB (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 23 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 28 IS 14 BP 2851 EP 2854 DI 10.1029/2001GL012967 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 452GK UT WOS:000169849500046 ER PT J AU Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Painter, PC Tan, NB AF Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Painter, PC Tan, NB TI Screening effects in blends of a hyperbranched, dendrimer-like polyester with poly(4-vinyl phenol) SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE hyperbranched polymers; dendrimers; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; blends ID BONDED POLYMER BLENDS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUP ACCESSIBILITY; CONNECTIVITY AB We previously reported self-association and interassociation equilibrium constant values describing hydrogen bonding in solutions of a hyperbranched polyester. These allow us to estimate the extent of intramolecular screening and the fraction of same-chain contacts in this system as a function of generation number. In this article, we use a similar method to evaluate the degree of intramolecular screening in polymer blends. The calculated values reported here are consistent with those previously reported in our solution study, confirming the validity of the calculation procedures we used to evaluate the accessibility of functional groups in these highly branched systems. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Painter, PC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 14 BP 1651 EP 1658 DI 10.1002/polb.1136.abs PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 446CQ UT WOS:000169495700008 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Reynolds, TA Alekel, T Sardar, DK Zandi, B Keszler, DA AF Gruber, JB Reynolds, TA Alekel, T Sardar, DK Zandi, B Keszler, DA TI Spectra and energy levels of Co2+ in zinc oxide metaborate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID IONS AB The absorption spectra of Co2+ incorporated into crystals of Zn4O(BO2)(6), zinc oxide metaborate, have been obtained at room temperature and at 8 K between 300 and 2600 nm. The fluorescence spectrum has been observed at 8 K between 555 and 855 nm. Room-temperature infrared spectra obtained between 4000 and 400 cm(-1) are compared to previously reported Raman spectra of the zinc metaborate. The fundamental modes of vibration that are both Raman active and infrared active are confirmed in this study. Zinc metaborate is cubic (I (4) over bar 3m) with Zn2+ ions occupying sites of T-3d symmetry. It is presumed that Co2+ substitutes for Zn2+ during the crystal-growth process. The observed spectra of Co2+ are analyzed, and the identified energy levels are compared to calculated levels derived from lattice-sum models and the crystal-field, three-parameter theory. Twenty-six experimental Stark (electronic) energy levels of Co2+ (3 d(7)) are compared to calculated levels with a final rms deviation of 26 cm(-1). The atomic parameters for Co2+(3d(7)). including the Slater, spin-orbit. and interconfigurational parameters, are in general agreement with the corresponding parameters obtained for divalent cobalt in other host crystals. The initial crystal-field parameters B-nm determined from the lattice-sum calculations represent an excellent starting set for the splitting analyses and undergo only modest changes to a final set of parameters. Comments are also made in relation to the use of the crystal as a saturable absorber for near-infrared Q-switched solid-state lasers. C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. Reytech Corp, Bend, OR 97702 USA. Univ Texas, Div Phys & Earth Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 4 AR 045111 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 457CN UT WOS:000170119700027 ER PT J AU Piekarski, B DeVoe, D Dubey, M Kaul, R Conrad, J AF Piekarski, B DeVoe, D Dubey, M Kaul, R Conrad, J TI Surface micromachined piezoelectric resonant beam filters SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Solid-State Sensors and Actuators Workshop CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SC DE MEMS resonators; MEMS filters; lead zirconate titanate; PZT; RF MEMS ID BULK ACOUSTIC RESONATORS AB Piezoelectric actuation and sensing of suspended single-beam microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonant filters is demonstrated. Resonant frequencies between 171 kHz and 9.2 MHz were observed for resonators with dimensions of 6-20 mum wide and 25-400 mum long. Operation was demonstrated from a vacuum pressure of 20 mTorr to atmospheric with drive voltages as low as 2.5 mV and a dynamic range of greater than 40 dB. Loaded quality factors (Q(s)) greater than 1000 resulted at 9.2 MHz and a 20 mTorr pressure. A 20 kHz tuning range resulting from the piezoelectric poling conditions and a 75 ppm/K frequency temperature dependency was observed. The resonators utilize a clamped-clamped beam design with sol-gel lead zirconate titanate (PZT) as the piezoelectric actuator and sensor, PECVD silicon dioxide as the resonant beam structure, and platinum as the top and bottom electrode. The effects of operating temperature, operating pressure, poling condition, and drive voltage are reported. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI DeVoe, Don/A-2891-2011 OI DeVoe, Don/0000-0002-7740-9993 NR 27 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 91 IS 3 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(01)00601-X PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 454KA UT WOS:000169970700008 ER PT J AU Chan, SY Empig, CJ Welte, FJ Speck, RF Schmaljohn, A Kreisberg, JF Goldsmith, MA AF Chan, SY Empig, CJ Welte, FJ Speck, RF Schmaljohn, A Kreisberg, JF Goldsmith, MA TI Folate receptor-alpha is a cofactor for cellular entry by Marburg and Ebola viruses SO CELL LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; BINDING-PROTEIN; IN-VIVO; GLYCOPROTEIN; CAVEOLAE; LINES; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUESTRATION; ENDOCYTOSIS; INFECTIONS AB Human infections by Marburg (MBG) and Ebola (EBO) viruses result in lethal hemorrhagic fever. To identify cellular entry factors employed by MBG virus, noninfectible cells transduced with an expression library were challenged with a selectable pseudotype virus packaged by MBG glycoproteins (GP). A cDNA encoding the folate receptor-alpha (FR-alpha) was recovered from cells exhibiting reconstitution of viral entry. A FR-alpha cDNA was recovered in a similar strategy employing EBO pseudotypes. FR-alpha expression in Jurkat cells facilitated MBG or EBO entry, and FR-blocking reagents inhibited infection by MBG or EBO. Finally, FR-alpha bound cells expressing MBG or EBO GP and mediated syncytia formation triggered by MBG GP. Thus, FR-alpha is a significant cofactor for cellular entry for MBG and EBO viruses. C1 Gladstone Inst Virol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Goldsmith, MA (reprint author), Gladstone Inst Virol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. RI Speck, Roberto/O-2433-2016 NR 40 TC 140 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 17 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTES AVE,, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0092-8674 J9 CELL JI Cell PD JUL 13 PY 2001 VL 106 IS 1 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00418-4 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 452QM UT WOS:000169870300014 PM 11461707 ER PT J AU Castric, P Cassels, FJ Carlson, RW AF Castric, P Cassels, FJ Carlson, RW TI Structural characterization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 pilin glycan SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION; CAMPYLOBACTER FLAGELLIN; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; STREPTOCOCCUS-SANGUIS; MENINGOCOCCAL PILIN; TWITCHING MOTILITY; SOMATIC ANTIGENS; GLYCOSYLATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; GENE AB An antigenic similarity between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and glycosylated pilin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 was noted. We purified a glycan-containing molecule from proteolytically digested pill and showed it to be composed of three sugars and serine. This glycan competed with pure pill and LPS for reaction with an LPS-specific monoclonal antibody, which also inhibited twitching motility by P. aeruginosa bearing glycosylated pill. One-dimensional NMR analysis of the glycan indicated the sugars to be 5N beta OHC(4)7NfmPse, Xyl, and FucNAc. The complete proton assignments of these sugars as well as the serine residue were determined by COSY and TOCSY. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) determined the mass of this molecule to be 771.5. The ROESY NMR spectrum, tandem MS/MS analysis, and methylation analysis provided information on linkage and the sequence of oligosaccharide components. These data indicated that the molecule had the following structure: alpha -5N beta OHC(4)7NFmPse-(2 -->4)-beta -Xyl-(1 -->3)-beta -FucNAc-(1 -->3)-beta -Ser. C1 Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Castric, P (reprint author), Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R15 AI43317] NR 49 TC 129 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 13 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 28 BP 26479 EP 26485 DI 10.1074/jbc.M102685200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 451VP UT WOS:000169823300110 PM 11342554 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW O'Connor, RJ Procell, LR AF Wagner, GW O'Connor, RJ Procell, LR TI Preliminary study on the fate of VX in concrete SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID HD AB A preliminary study has been done to examine the sorption and reaction of VX, O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate, in an aged sample of concrete using P-31 NMR. Using "solution" NMR conditions, facile sorption of a neat liquid 15 muL droplet of VX into a 737 mg chunk of the concrete could be observed. The half-life for this process is about 2 min and is attributed to VX penetrating the surface pores to form a sorbed phase tentatively assigned to a solid protonated form of VX. Little reaction occurs during this initial sorption period; however, the sorbed VX does slowly hydrolyze with a half-life of about 3 months. During this time, the hydrolysis products of VX, ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), and diisopropylaminoethanethiol (DESH), but not VX itself, are observed to condense on the inside of the NMR tube around the concrete chunk. Using "solid state" MAS NMR conditions, examination of the reaction of a 5 muL VX drop with 293 mg of the crushed concrete revealed a two-step behavior in the kinetics. An initial reaction with a half-life of about 2 h consumes 12% of the VX. After about 1 h, a much slower steady-state hydrolysis ensues, exhibiting a half-life of 28 days. EMPA is the sole hydrolysis product detected in the 31P MAS NMR spectra; no toxic S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate (EA-2192) is observed. Considering the concrete surface area, one monolayer would accommodate 13% of the applied VX. Thus, the observed kinetic behavior is consistent with the concrete surface possessing a limited reactive capacity corresponding to about one VX monolayer. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUL 10 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 14 BP 4336 EP 4341 DI 10.1021/la0102197 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 451ZL UT WOS:000169832600030 ER PT J AU Ngo, E Joshi, PC Cole, MW Hubbard, CW AF Ngo, E Joshi, PC Cole, MW Hubbard, CW TI Electrophoretic deposition of pure and MgO-modified Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thick films for tunable microwave devices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CERAMICS AB We report on the structural, dielectric, and optical properties of barium strontium titanate-magnesium oxide composite (BST-MgO) thick films fabricated by the electrophoretic deposition technique. The structure and morphology of the films were analyzed by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The films were optically characterized via FT-Raman spectroscopy. The dielectric measurements were conducted on metal-insulator-metal capacitors using platinum as the top and bottom electrodes. The typical small signal dielectric constants of Ba0.60Sr0.40TiO3 and Ba0.60Sr0.40TiO3-20 wt % MgO thick films, measured at an applied frequency of 1 MHz, were 603 and 327, respectively. The corresponding values of dissipation factor were 0.029 and 0.002, respectively. A high dielectric tunability of 17.3% was obtained for Ba0.60Sr0.40TiO3 thick films at an applied electric field of 20 kV/cm. The dielectric properties of the present thick films were comparable to those of the bulk ceramics; suggesting their suitability for high-frequency wide-band voltage-tunable device applications. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ngo, E (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 74 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 9 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 2 BP 248 EP 250 DI 10.1063/1.1384899 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 448ZJ UT WOS:000169659600036 ER PT J AU Browning, R Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG AF Browning, R Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG TI Cyclobenzaprine and back pain - A meta-analysis SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIALS; PLACEBO; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; AMITRIPTYLINE; MANAGEMENT; NAPROXEN; SYMPTOMS; QUALITY; SPASM AB Background: Back pain is a common problem for which cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is frequently prescribed. Objective: To perform a systematic review of cyclobenzaprine's effectiveness in the treatment of back pain. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PsycLIT, CINAHL, EMBASE, AIDSLINE, HEALTHSTAR, CANCERLIT, the Cochrane Library, Micromedex, Federal Research in Progress, and the references of reviewed articles, and contacted Merck, Sharpe and Dohme for English-language, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of cyclobenzaprine in adults with back pain. Outcomes included global improvement and 5 specific domains of back pain (local pain, muscle spasm, range of motion, tenderness to palpation, and activities of daily living). Study quality was assessed using the methods of Jadad. Summary outcomes were obtained using a random-effects model. Results: Patients treated with cyclobenzaprine were nearly 5 times (odds ratio, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.7-8.1) as likely to report symptom improvement by day 14 as were those treated with placebo. Slightly fewer than 3 individuals (2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-4.2) needed treatment for 1 to improve. The magnitude of this improvement was modest, with an effect size of 0.38 to 0.58 in all 5 outcomes (local pain, muscle spasm, tenderness to palpation, range of motion, and activities of daily living). Treatment efficacy for these 5 outcomes was greatest early, in the first few days of treatment, declining after the first week. Patients receiving cyclobenzaprine also experienced more adverse effects, the most common being drowsiness. Conclusions: Cyclobenzaprine is more effective than placebo in the management of back pain; the effect is modest and comes at the price of greater adverse effects. The effect is greatest in the first 4 days of treatment, suggesting that shorter courses may be better. Studies comparing the relative value of acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and cyclobenzaprine individually and in combination in the treatment of back pain are needed. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Browning, R (reprint author), 974 Paulsboro Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 54 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL 9 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 13 BP 1613 EP 1620 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.13.1613 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 447QX UT WOS:000169584900005 PM 11434793 ER PT J AU Dow, GS Kopydlowski, KM Vahey, M Nau, ME Martin, RK Hudson, TH AF Dow, GS Kopydlowski, KM Vahey, M Nau, ME Martin, RK Hudson, TH TI Microarray investigation of global gene expression changes induced in rat neuronal cell lines and primary cell cultures by artemisinin derivatives SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 8 PY 2001 VL 164 IS 1-3 SU S BP 223 EP 224 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 452ZA UT WOS:000169888500716 ER PT J AU Xie, YJ He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L AF Xie, YJ He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L TI A simple preconditioner for electric-field integral equations SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE integral-equation solvers; conjugate-gradient method; numerical methods ID FAST-MULTIPOLE ALGORITHM; HALF-SPACE; SCATTERING AB A preconditioner is applied to the electric-field integral equation, to improve the convergence of iterative integral-equation solvers, such as the conjugate-gradient (CG) method. The preconditioner accounts for (expansion function)-(testing function) interactions in the vicinity of a given basis function, requiring order N complexity for N unknowns. Example results are presented for microwave scattering calculations for targets in the vicinity of a half space (soil), with results computed via a multilevel fast multipole algorithm. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xie, YJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD JUL 5 PY 2001 VL 30 IS 1 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1002/mop.1218.abs PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 437JN UT WOS:000168988700017 ER PT J AU Lushington, GH Chabalowski, CF AF Lushington, GH Chabalowski, CF TI Ab initio simulation of physisorption: N-2 on pregraphitic clusters SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; physical adsorption; nitrogen molecule; aromatic molecules ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; HYDROPHILIC CYLINDRICAL PORES; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; MOLECULAR-INTERACTIONS; DYNAMICAL EXCITATIONS; NONIONIC SURFACTANTS; NITROGEN ADSORPTION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; GRAPHITE SURFACE AB Application of activated carbon to air purification has spurred interest in characterizing microscopic factors that affect species-selective adsorption onto gaphitic surfaces. This paper describes a correlated ab initio supermolecular study of N-2 interacting with pregraphitic surface models constructed as stacks of small planar aromatics. We have estimated effective adsorption diameters and sticking coefficients for nitrogen physisorbing onto flat graphitic surfaces, comparing results for a two-layer cluster model to behavior of several empirical potentials. Averaging over twelve different adsorbate orientations yields a mean adsorption diameter (3.610 Angstrom) and sticking coefficient (0.0592 eV), which deviate on average by +3.5 and -33.8%, respectively, from the empirical parametrizations. Mean adsorption diameters exhibit very little dependence on adsorbent model, but binding energy increases consistently with increasing adsorbent model size. Test calculations suggest that three-layer models bind N-2 7.7% more strongly than two-layer, while a one-layer pyrene model leads to 13.9% stronger binding than a one-layer naphthalene. In corroboration of empirical models, our results predict parallel N2 adsorption to be more closely (3.411-3.485 Angstrom) and more strongly (0.0611-0.0749 eV) bound to the surface than perpendicularly oriented molecules (3.837-4.053 Angstrom; 0.0373-0.0431 eV). We also reproduce predictions that N2 prefers to bind to surface hollow sites rather than to surface carbons. Contrary to the empirical models, however, we find surface bridging sites to provide the most strongly physisorptive locations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ohio Supercomp Ctr, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Lushington, GH (reprint author), Ohio Supercomp Ctr, 1224 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 2 PY 2001 VL 544 BP 221 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(01)00388-8 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 456PY UT WOS:000170092500020 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, HL Perkins, EJ Bridges, TS Tonucci, RJ Fleming, JK Nagel, A Diedrich, K Mendez-Tenorio, A Doktycz, MJ Beattie, KL AF Fredrickson, HL Perkins, EJ Bridges, TS Tonucci, RJ Fleming, JK Nagel, A Diedrich, K Mendez-Tenorio, A Doktycz, MJ Beattie, KL TI Towards environmental toxicogenomics - development of a flow-through, high-density DNA hybridization array and its application to ecotoxicity assessment SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches for the 21st Century CY APR 10-13, 2000 CL KINGS ISL, OH SP Tri Serv USAF, USA, USN Toxicol, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, US EPA, ATSDR, Div Toxicol, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE genosensor; stress-response genes; transcriptional-level toxic response ID NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA ANNELIDA; TETHERED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; BIOASSAY; SEDIMENT; GLASS; OPTIMIZATION; TECHNOLOGY AB Assessment of the environmental hazard posed by soils/sediments containing low to moderate levels of contaminants using standard analytical chemical methods is uncertain due (in part) to a lack of information on contaminant bioavailability, the unknown interactive effects of contaminant mixtures, our inability to determine the species of a metal in an environmental matrix, and the relative sensitivity of bioassay species. Regulatory agencies compensate for this uncertainty by lowering cleanup goals, but in this process they effectively exclude otherwise attractive cleanup options (i.e. bioremediation). Direct evaluations of soil and sediment toxicity preclude uncertainty from most of these sources. However, the time and cost of chronic toxicity tests limits their general application to higher levels of tiered toxicity assessments. Transcriptional level (mRNA) toxicity assessments offer great advantages in terms of speed, cost and sample throughput. These advantages are currently offset by questions about the environmental relevance of molecular level responses. To this end a flow-through, high-density DNA hybridization array (genosensor) system specifically designed for environmental risk assessment was developed. The genosensor is based on highly regular microchannel glass wafers to which gene probes are covalently bound at discrete (200-mum diameter spot) and addressable (250-mum spot pitch) locations. The flow-through design enables hybridization and washing times to be reduced from approximately 18 h to 20 min. The genosensor was configured so that DNA from 28 environmental samples can be simultaneously hybridized with up to 64 different gene probes. The standard microscopic slide format facilitates data capture with most automated array readers and, thus high sample throughput (> 350 sample/h). In conclusion, hardware development for molecular analysis is enabling very tractable means for analyzing RNA and DNA. These developments have underscored the need for further developmental work in probe design software, and the need to relate transcriptional level data to whale-organism toxicity indicators. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Fredrickson, HL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM fredrih@wes.army.mil RI Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011 OI Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343 NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 2 PY 2001 VL 274 IS 1-3 BP 137 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00739-2 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450EH UT WOS:000169728200013 PM 11453290 ER PT J AU Linkov, I von Stackelberg, KE Burmistrov, D Bridges, TS AF Linkov, I von Stackelberg, KE Burmistrov, D Bridges, TS TI Uncertainty and variability in risk from trophic transfer of contaminants in dredged sediments SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches for the 21st Century CY APR 10-13, 2000 CL KINGS ISL, OHIO SP Tri Serv USAF, USA, USN Toxicol, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, US EPA, ATSDR, Div Toxicol, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE uncertainty; variability; probabilistic risk assessment; ecological risk assessment; 2-D Monte-Carlo simulations; bioaccumulation ID HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; FOOD-WEB; LAKE-ONTARIO; BIOACCUMULATION; MODEL AB The risks associated with bioaccumulative contaminants must be considered when evaluating dredged material disposal alternatives. The bioaccumulation of organochlorines and other contaminants by higher trophic level organisms represents one of the most significant sources of uncertainty in risk assessment. Both population variability (e.g. true population heterogeneity in body weight, lipid content, etc.) and uncertainty (e.g. measurement error) in trophic transfer can lead to large errors in predicted risk values for ecological receptors. This paper describes and quantitatively evaluates sources of uncertainty and variability in estimating the risk to an ecological receptor (osprey) from the trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments from the New York-New Jersey (NY-NJ) Harbor. The distribution of toxicity quotients is obtained using a food chain model for the osprey and specifying distributions for input parameters, which are disaggregated to represent either uncertainty or variability. PCB concentrations in sediment and water are treated as predominantly uncertain, whereas lipid content in fish, feeding preferences, and fish weight are assumed to contribute primarily to population variability in PCB accumulation. The analysis shows that point estimates of reasonable maximum exposure (RME) exceed the uncertainty bounds on the 95th percentile of variability. The analysis also shows that uncertainties in the sediment and water contaminant concentrations contribute more to the range of risk estimates than does the variability in the population exposure parameters. The separation of uncertainty and variability in food chain models can help to support management decisions regarding dredged material disposal by providing a quantitative expression of the confidence in ecological risk estimates. A rationale is provided for the distinction between uncertain and variable parameters based on management goals and data availability. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights resented. C1 Menzie & Cura & Associates Inc, Chelmsford, MA 01824 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), Menzie & Cura & Associates Inc, 1 Courthouse Lane,Suite 2, Chelmsford, MA 01824 USA. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 2 PY 2001 VL 274 IS 1-3 BP 255 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00747-1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450EH UT WOS:000169728200022 PM 11453301 ER PT J AU Sydelko, PJ Hlohowskyj, I Majerus, K Christiansen, J Dolph, J AF Sydelko, PJ Hlohowskyj, I Majerus, K Christiansen, J Dolph, J TI An object-oriented framework for dynamic ecosystem modeling: application for integrated risk assessment SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches for the 21st Century CY APR 10-13, 2000 CL KINGS ISL, OHIO SP Tri Serv USAF, USA, USN Toxicol, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, US EPA, ATSDR, Div Toxicol, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE integrated ecological risk assessment; ecological modeling; fate and transport modeling; object-oriented architecture; code reuse; dynamic information architecture system (DIAS) ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAKES; GIS AB Ecological risk assessment requires the integration of a wide range of data on anthropogenic processes, ecological processes and on processes related to environmental fate and transport. It is a major challenge to assemble a simulation system that can successfully capture the dynamics of complex ecological systems and an even more serious challenge to be able to adapt such a simulation to shifting and expanding analytical requirements and contexts. The dynamic information architecture system (DIAS) is a flexible, extensible, object-based framework for developing and maintaining complex simulations. DIAS supports simulations in which the real-world entities that make up ecological systems are represented as software 'entity objects'. The object-oriented integrated dynamic landscape analysis and modeling system (OO-IDLAMS) provides a good example of how DIAS has been used to build a suite of models for the purpose of assessing the ecological impacts of military land use and land management practices. OO-IDLAMS is a prototype conservation modeling suite that provides military environmental managers and decision-makers with a strategic, integrated and adaptive approach to natural resources planning and ecosystem management. The OO-IDLAMS prototype used Fort Riley, Kansas as a case study to demonstrate DIAS' capabilities to offer flexibility, interprocess dynamics and cost-effective reuse of code for ecosystem modeling and simulation. DIAS can also readily lend itself to other applications in ecological risk assessment. It has great potential for the integration of ecological models (associated with biological uptake and effects) with environmental fate and transport models. A DIAS ecological risk assessment application could be used to predict the magnitude and extent of ecological risks and evaluate remedy effectiveness in a timely and cost-effective manner. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Sydelko, PJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave,DIS-900, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 2 PY 2001 VL 274 IS 1-3 BP 271 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00748-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450EH UT WOS:000169728200023 PM 11453302 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS AF Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS TI Radiologists as clinical tutors in a problem-based medical school curriculum SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE education; radiology and radiologists ID STUDENTS; EXPERTISE; DECISIONS; FACULTY; CHOICE AB Rationale and Objectives. The authors sought to evaluate the experience of radiologists teaching in a problem-based pre clinical medical school curriculum. Materials and Methods. The undergraduate medical school curriculum at Wake Forest University includes 2 problem-based preclinical yeats that integrate basic and clinical sciences. Sixteen radiology fellows served as general clinical tutors for 5-9 weeks, each guiding the work of six 2nd-year students, often in tandem with a basic science tutor. On completion of the tutoring, the radiologists and the students were surveyed by means of a questionnaire. A follow-up group interview was conducted with the radiologists. Results. The response rate to the questionnaire was 81% for the radiologists and 47% for the students, On average, radiologists spent 6.1 hours weekly on preparation and tutoring and 3.5 hours in total on administration and grading. All radiologists thought tutoring was rewarding, but seven of the 13 respondents (54%) disliked assigning grades. Radiologists spent less time teaching radiology residents and pet-forming research, but few thought their clinical work was adversely affected. Nearly half of the radiologist-tutors thought that the preliminary orientation and training provided to them by the medical school was not adequate, and nearly all of them thought that they could have been better prepared. All of the medical students improved their perceptions of radiologists after having had a radiologist as a tutor, and most thought that the radiologist-tutors performed as well as or better than tutors from other disciplines. Conclusion. Radiologists can be successful as general tutors in a problem-based medical school curriculum, benefiting both radiologists and students. Better orientation and training by the medical school would improve the program. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Radiol, W Point, NY USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Chew, FS (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. OI Chew, Felix/0000-0003-2711-2013 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC UNIV RADIOLOGISTS PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523-2251 USA SN 1076-6332 J9 ACAD RADIOL JI Acad. Radiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 8 IS 7 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1016/S1076-6332(03)80693-1 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 447FP UT WOS:000169561100014 PM 11450969 ER PT J AU Caretti, DM Scott, WH Johnson, AT Coyne, KM Koh, F AF Caretti, DM Scott, WH Johnson, AT Coyne, KM Koh, F TI Work performance when breathing through different respirator exhalation resistances SO AIHAJ LA English DT Article DE respirator; exhalation resistance; work ID INSPIRATORY RESISTANCE; EXERCISE AB This study evaluated performance of individuals exercising at a fixed workload and wearing full-facepiece respirators modified to provide expiratory resistances of 0.27, 0.47, 1.81, 4.43, and 12.27 cmH(2)O . s . L-1. On five separate occasions, 15 volunteers exercised to voluntary endpoint on a treadmill at fixed speeds and grades chosen to elicit 85% of maximal aerobic capacity for an unencumbered condition. Exercise performance time was recorded at the cessation of each test. Results showed that performance time decreased linearly (R-2 = 0.79; p <0.001) with increased resistances, and no threshold value below which expiratory resistance has no impact on performance was found. Average oxygen consumption rates and minute ventilation also decreased linearly with increased expiratory resistances, indicating that increases in expiratory resistance result in a considerable level of hypoventilation. From the perspective of respirator design, the results of this study suggest that the only practical expiratory resistance level limitation is the reduction in performance that will be acceptable to the end users. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Resp Protect Technol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Caretti, DM (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Resp Protect Technol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 1529-8663 J9 AIHAJ JI AIHAJ PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 62 IS 4 BP 411 EP 415 DI 10.1202/0002-8894(2001)062<0411:WPWBTD>2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 466YH UT WOS:000170673400002 PM 11549134 ER PT J AU Desilets, DJ Shorr, AF Moran, KA Holtzmuller, KC AF Desilets, DJ Shorr, AF Moran, KA Holtzmuller, KC TI Cholestatic jaundice associated with the use of metformin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACIDOSIS; HEPATITIS; FAILURE AB We report a patient who developed cholestatic jaundice shortly after initiation of treatment with metformin hydrochloride. Ultrasound of the liver and abdominal CT were normal. An ERCP showed normal biliary anatomy. A percutaneous liver biopsy was obtained showing marked cholestasis, with portal edema, ductular proliferation, and acute inflammation. Metformin hydrochloride was discontinued, and the patient's jaundice resolved slowly over a period of several months. Given the onset of his jaundice 2 wk after the initiation of metformin, we believe that this case represents an example of metformin-associated hepatotoxicity, the first such case reported. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Desilets, DJ (reprint author), Baystate Med Ctr, Springfield, MA 01199 USA. NR 10 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 96 IS 7 BP 2257 EP + DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02535-7 PG 31 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 452CM UT WOS:000169839600051 PM 11467664 ER PT J AU Conrad, ME Umbreit, JN AF Conrad, ME Umbreit, JN TI Iron absorption: Relative importance of iron transport pathways SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ S Alabama, USA, Ctr Canc, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Conrad, ME (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, USA, Ctr Canc, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 67 IS 3 BP 215 EP 215 DI 10.1002/ajh.1114 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 441FP UT WOS:000169220600017 PM 11391726 ER PT J AU Tomkins, GE Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Balden, E Santoro, JE AF Tomkins, GE Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Balden, E Santoro, JE TI Treatment of chronic headache with antidepressants: A meta-analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE; DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER; MIGRAINE PROPHYLAXIS; CLINICAL PREDICTORS; UNITED-STATES; AMITRIPTYLINE; DEPRESSION; TRIAL; CLOMIPRAMINE; FLUOXETINE AB BACKGROUND: Although antidepressants are often used for preventing chronic headache, their effectiveness is uncertain. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of English-language, randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants as prophylaxis for chronic headache. RESULTS: Thirty-eight trials were included. Because some compared more than one drug with placebo, 44 study arms were combined using a random effects model. Twenty-five studies focused on migraines, 12 on tension headaches, and I on both. Nineteen used tricyclic antidepressants, 18 serotonin antagonists, and 7 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Patients receiving antidepressants were twice as likely to report headache improvement (rate ratio [RR]: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.6 to 2.4). Because 31% (95% Cl: 23% to 40%) more treated patients improved than those receiving placebo, clinicians would need to treat 3.2 patients for 1 patient to improve. The average amount of improvement (standardized mean difference) was 0.94 (95% Cl: 0.65 to 1.2), an effect considered large. Treated patients also consumed less analgesic medication (standardized mean difference, -0.7; 95% Cl: -0.5 to -0.94). There were no differences in outcomes among the three classes of agents studied or by the type of headache (migraine vs. tension), quality score, length of treatment, or percentage of patients lost to follow-up. Assessment of depression across studies was insufficient to determine if the effects were independent of depression. CONCLUSION: Antidepressants are effective in preventing chronic headaches. Whether this is independent of depression and whether there are differences in efficacy by class of agent needs further study. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Augusta, GA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 67 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 111 IS 1 BP 54 EP 63 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00762-8 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 490LH UT WOS:000172053000008 PM 11448661 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Yancey, MK Klebanoff, MA Schwarz, J Schweitzer, D AF Zhang, J Yancey, MK Klebanoff, MA Schwarz, J Schweitzer, D TI Does epidural analgesia prolong labor and increase risk of cesarean delivery? A natural experiment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidural analgesia; labor; delivery; cesarean delivery; forceps; vacuum; oxytocin ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; RATES; MEPERIDINE; DYSTOCIA; MODE AB OBJECTIVE: More than 50% of pregnant women in the United States are using epidural analgesia for labor pain. However, whether epidural analgesia prolongs labor and increases the risk of cesarean delivery remains controversial. STUDY DESIGN: We examined this question in a community-based, tertiary military medical center where the rate of continuous epidural analgesia in labor increased from 1% to 84% in a 1-year period while other conditions remained unchanged-a natural experiment. We systematically selected 507 and 581 singleton, nulliparous, term pregnancies with spontaneous onset of labor and vertex presentation from the respective times before and after the times that epidural analgesia was available on request during labor. We compared duration of labor, rate of cesarean delivery, instrumental delivery, and oxytocin use between these two groups. RESULTS: Despite a rapid and dramatic increase in epidural analgesia during labor (from 1% to 84% in 1 year), rates of cesarean delivery overall and for dystocia remained the same (for overall cesarean delivery: adjusted relative risk, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.2; for dystocia: adjusted relative risk, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.6). Overall instrumental delivery did not increase (adjusted relative risk, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-1.4), nor did the duration of the first stage and the active phase of labor (multivariate analysis; P > .1). However, the second stage of labor was significantly longer by about 25 minutes (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Epidural analgesia during labor does not increase the risk of cesarean delivery, nor does it necessarily increase oxytocin use or instrumental delivery caused by dystocia. The duration of the active phase of labor appears unchanged, but the second stage of labor is likely prolonged. C1 NICHHD, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), NICHHD, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, NIH Bldg 6100,Room 7B03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 21 TC 45 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 185 IS 1 BP 128 EP 134 DI 10.1067/mob.2001.113874 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 458WP UT WOS:000170218700024 PM 11483916 ER PT J AU Hoeldtke, NJ AF Hoeldtke, NJ TI Dubious validity of novel maternal-fetal outcome model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hoeldtke, NJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 185 IS 1 BP 256 EP 257 DI 10.1067/mob.2001.114486 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 458WP UT WOS:000170218700054 PM 11483946 ER PT J AU Yancey, MK Nielsen, PE AF Yancey, MK Nielsen, PE TI Disappointment with maternal-fetal outcome model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Perinatal Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Yancey, MK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Perinatal Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 185 IS 1 BP 257 EP 257 DI 10.1067/mob.2001.114487 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 458WP UT WOS:000170218700055 PM 11483947 ER PT J AU Rhind, SG Castellani, JW Brenner, IKM Shephard, RJ Zamecnik, J Montain, SJ Young, AJ Shek, PN AF Rhind, SG Castellani, JW Brenner, IKM Shephard, RJ Zamecnik, J Montain, SJ Young, AJ Shek, PN TI Intracellular monocyte and serum cytokine expression is modulated by exhausting exercise and cold exposure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catecholamines; cortisol; flow cytometry; immune; interleukin; thermal stress ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TNF-ALPHA; STRENUOUS EXERCISE; DIRECT STIMULATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MESSENGER-RNA; WHOLE-BLOOD AB This study tested the hypothesis that exercise elicits monocytic cytokine expression and that prolonged cold exposure modulates such responses. Nine men (age, 24.6 +/- 3.8 y; VO2 peak, 56.8 +/- 5.6 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)) completed 7 days of exhausting exercise (aerobic, anaerobic, resistive) and underwent three cold, wet exposures (CW). CW trials comprised less than or equal to6 h (six 1-h rest-work cycles) exposure to cold (5 degreesC, 20 km/h wind) and wet (5 cm/h rain) conditions. Blood samples for the determination of intracellular and serum cytokine levels and circulating hormone concentrations were drawn at rest (0700), after exercise (similar to 1130), and after CW (similar to 2000). Whole blood was incubated with (stimulated) or without (spontaneous) lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mug/ml) and stained for CD14 monocyte surface antigens. Cell suspensions were stained for intracellular cytokine expression and analyzed by flow cytometry. The proportion of CD14(+) monocytes exhibiting spontaneous and stimulated intracellular expression of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha increased after exercise, but these cells produced less IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha after CW when CW was preceded by exhausting exercise. Serum cytokine concentrations followed a parallel trend. These findings suggest that blood monocytes contribute to exercise-induced cytokinemia and that cold exposure can differentially modulate cytokine production, upregulating expression of IL-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist but downregulating IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. The cold-induced changes in cytokine expression appear to be linked to enhanced catecholamine secretion associated with cold exposure. C1 Def & Civil Inst Environm Med, Biomed Sci Sect, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. Univ Toronto, Fac Phys Educ & Hlth, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Shek, PN (reprint author), Def & Civil Inst Environm Med, Biomed Sci Sect, 1133 Sheppard Ave W, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. NR 59 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 281 IS 1 BP R66 EP R75 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 444DP UT WOS:000169384000009 PM 11404280 ER PT J AU Ingenito, EP Mora, R Cullivan, M Marzan, Y Haley, K Mark, L Sonna, LA AF Ingenito, EP Mora, R Cullivan, M Marzan, Y Haley, K Mark, L Sonna, LA TI Decreased surfactant protein-B expression and surfactant dysfunction in a marine model of acute lung injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; COMPONENTS; DEFICIENT; FAILURE; INVITRO; PLASMA; BUBBLE; ALPHA AB This study examines the relationships between inflammation, surfactant protein (SP) expression, surfactant function, and lung physiology in a marine model of acute lung injury (ALI). 129/1 mice received aerosolized endotoxin lipopolysaccharide [LPS] daily for up to 96 h to simulate the cytokine release and acute inflammation of ALI. Lung elastance (E-L) and resistance, lavage fluid cell counts, cytokine levels, phospholipid and protein content, and surfactant function were measured. Lavage and lung tissue SP content were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, and tissue messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were assessed by Northern blot and in situ hybridization. Tumor necrosis factor-a and neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased within 2 h of LPS exposure, followed by increases in total protein, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and interferon-gamma. E-L increased within 24 h of LPS exposure and remained abnormal up to 96 h. SP-B protein and mRNA levels were decreased at 24, 48, and 96 h. By contrast, SP-A protein and mRNA levels and SP-C mRNA levels were not reduced. Surfactant dysfunction occurred coincident with changes in SP-B levels. This study demonstrates that lung dysfunction in mice with LPS-ALI corresponds closely with abnormal surfactant function and reduced SP-B expression. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Pulm & Crit Care Div, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ingenito, EP (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Pulm & Crit Care Div, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 33009] NR 29 TC 70 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 25 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 458XY UT WOS:000170221800008 PM 11472973 ER PT J AU Batty, DS Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD Ko, CW Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Batty, DS Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD Ko, CW Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC TI Hepatitis C virus seropositivity at the time of renal transplantation in the United States: Associated factors and patient survival SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE African-American; diabetes; dialysis; donor; hepatitis C; hospitalization; kidney; liver; male; mortality; repeat transplant ID KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; CIRRHOTIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; INTERFERON-ALPHA; INFECTION; DISEASE; IMPACT; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES AB National statistics for patient characteristics and survival of renal transplant recipients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV+) at the time of renal transplant are presented. A historical cohort analysis of 33479 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System from I July, 1994 to 30 June, 1997 has been carried out. The medical evidence form was also used for additional variables, but because of fewer available values, this was analyzed in a separate model. Outcomes were patient characteristics and survival associated with HCV+. Of 28692 recipients with valid HCV serologies, 1624 were HCV+ at transplant (5.7% prevalence). In logistic regression analysis, HCV+ was associated with African-American race, male gender, cadaveric donor type, increased duration of pre-transplant dialysis, previous transplant, donor HCV+, recipient (but not donor) age, serum albumin, alcohol use, and increased all-cause hospitalizations. Diabetes and IgA nephropathy were less associated with HCV+. Total all-cause, unadjusted mortality was 13.1% in HCV+ vs. 8.5% in HCV- patients (p <0.01 by log rank test). In Cox regression, mortality was higher for HCV+ (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.49, p = 0.04). HCV+ recipients were more likely to be African-American, male, older, and to have received repeat transplants and donor HCV+ transplants. HCV+ recipients also had substantially longer waiting times for transplant. In contrast to recent studies, diabetes did not have an Increased association with HCV+, perhaps due to limitations of the database. HCV+ recipients had increased mortality and hospitalization rates compared with other transplant recipients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ transplantat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDCD, Epidemiol Stat & Data Syst Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 29 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 1 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 514XP UT WOS:000173466600012 PM 12099367 ER PT J AU Dorn, A Scovill, JP Ellis, WY Matile, H Ridley, RG Vennerstrom, JL AF Dorn, A Scovill, JP Ellis, WY Matile, H Ridley, RG Vennerstrom, JL TI Floxacrine analog WR 243251 inhibits hematin polymerization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD SCHIZONTOCIDAL ACTION; ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CHLOROQUINE; BINDING; ACRIDINEDIONE; 1-HYDRAZONES; DERIVATIVES; MECHANISM; BERGHEI AB Floxacrine was a promising antimalarial compound that led to the identification of WR 243251. On the basis of their structures, we suspected that these compounds might be good inhibitors of hematin polymerization. Indeed, WR 243251 was as potent and floxacrine was only 2-fold less potent than chloroquine as inhibitors of this process. However. this hematin polymerization inhibition did not completely account for the increased antimalarial potency of WR 243251 versus chloroquine. The WR 243251 ketone hydrolysis product WR 243246 was without activity against hematin polymerization. These data also confirm that hematin polymerization inhibition can be quite sensitive to small changes in inhibitor structure. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, Preclin Res, Div Pharma, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, 986025 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI39670-01] NR 16 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 1 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 461BJ UT WOS:000170344800006 PM 11504401 ER PT J AU Fenton, CL Patel, A Burch, HB Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Fenton, CL Patel, A Burch, HB Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Nuclear localization of thyroid transcription factor-1 correlates with serum thyrotropin activity and may be increased in differentiated thyroid carcinomas with aggressive clinical course SO ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1); thyrotropin (TSH); thyroid cancer; immunohistochemistry ID FACTOR-I; GENE-EXPRESSION; YOUNG-ADULTS; TSH-RECEPTOR; BINDING; THYROGLOBULIN; RECURRENCE; PAPILLARY; CHILDREN; CANCER AB Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is essential for thyroid differentiation and regulates expression of thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, sodium/iodide symporter, and. thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) genes. Because thyrotropin (TSH) upregulates these same genes, we hypothesized TSH-R activation might increase TTF-1 and that TTF-1 might be differentially expressed in benign and malignant thyroid disease. TTF-1 expression and sub-cellular localization were determined by immunohistochemistry in 62 thyroid carcinomas, 15 benign lesions, and 2 normal thyroids. Nuclear TTF-1 was detected in benign (77%) and malignant lesions (69%), with similar intensity in both (1.1 +/-0.19 versus 1.0 +/-0.10). Nuclear TTF-1 staining correlated with the effective serum TSH level (p = 0.02) and patient age (p < 0.05). Nuclear TTF-1 was detected in 35 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), of which 23% developed recurrent or persistent disease, and was absent from 18 PTC, of which only 6% recurred (p = 0.06). We conclude that nuclear TTF-1 correlates with serum TSH activity, increases with age, and may be increased in persistent or recurrent PTC. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST CLINICAL SCIENCE INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1833 DELANCEY PLACE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0091-7370 J9 ANN CLIN LAB SCI JI Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 245 EP 252 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 461BF UT WOS:000170344500002 PM 11508827 ER PT J AU Heine, HS England, MJ Waag, DM Byrne, WR AF Heine, HS England, MJ Waag, DM Byrne, WR TI In vitro antibiotic susceptibilities of Burkholderia mallei (causative agent of glanders) determined by broth microdilution and E-test SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB In vitro susceptibilities to 28 antibiotics were determined for II strains of Burkholderia mallei by the broth microdilution method. The B. mallei strains demonstrated susceptibility to aminoglycosides, macrolides, quinolones, doxycycline, piperacillin, ceftazidime, and imipenem. For comparison and evaluation, 17 antibiotic susceptibilities were also determined by the E-test. E-test values were always lower than the broth dilution values. Establishing and comparing antibiotic susceptibilities of specific B. mallei strains will provide reference information for assessing new antibiotic agents. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Heine, HS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 45 IS 7 BP 2119 EP 2121 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.7.2119-2121.2001 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 444TU UT WOS:000169416800029 PM 11408233 ER PT J AU Smee, DF Bray, M Huggins, JW AF Smee, DF Bray, M Huggins, JW TI Intracellular phosphorylation of carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine, an anti-Ebola virus agent SO ANTIVIRAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE antiviral; carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine; phosphorylation; S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase ID S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; NEPLANOCIN-A; INHIBITORS; ANALOG AB Carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine (C-c(3)Ado) is a potent inhibitor of Ebola virus in mice by infrequent dosing, even though its half life in plasma is only 23-28 min. This prompted studies to determine whether C-c(3)Ado undergoes intracellular metabolism to derivatives that may promote in vivo activity. In cells, radiolabelled compound readily underwent metabolism to monophosphate, diphosphate and triphosphate (C-c(3)ATP) forms, with C-c(3)ATP being the major metabolite detected. A non-polar metabolite was also detected both inside and outside treated cells. The retention time of C-c(3)ATP was similar but not identical to ATP on a strong anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column or on a DEAE-Sephadex open column. C-c(3)ATP and ATP were susceptible to degradation to their respective nucleosides by bovine alkaline phosphatase. Intracellular formation of C-c(3)ATP reached a plateau by about 4 h after treatment of monkey (Vero 76) and mouse (Balb/3T3 clone A31) cells with 10 or 100 muM extracellular compound. Phosphorylation was linearly dose responsive at 1, 3 and 10 muM. However, the extent of phosphorylation decreased with increasingly higher concentrations (30, 100 and 300 muM). When compound was removed from the medium, the nucleoside cleared the cells within 1 min, whereas C-c(3) ATP had a half life of decay of 2-3 h in five cell lines. Phosphorylation of C-c(3)Ado to C-c(3)ATP was not inhibited by cotreatment of cells (at a 20:1 ratio) with adenosine, guanosine, inosine, xanthosine, cytidine or uridine. There was no evidence of incorporation Of C-c(3)Ado (10 muM) into macromolecules of cells over 72 h, whereas adenosine was readily incorporated. C-c(3)ATP may represent a form Of C-c(3)Ado that might contribute to extending its intracellular half life or otherwise exhibit antiviral activity and/or toxicity. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Smee, DF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 0956-3202 J9 ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH JI Antivir. Chem. Chemother. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 12 IS 4 BP 251 EP 258 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 559TH UT WOS:000176041100006 PM 11771734 ER PT J AU Hu, Z Li, X Mills, D Muller, E Sun, W Willems, W Yang, Y Zhang, Z AF Hu, Z Li, X Mills, D Muller, E Sun, W Willems, W Yang, Y Zhang, Z TI On the crosscorrelation of sequences with the decimation factor d = pn+1/p+1-pn-1/2 SO APPLICABLE ALGEBRA IN ENGINEERING COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE crosscorrelation; decimation factor; quadratic forms AB Let p be a prime with p equivalent to 3 (mod4), let n ne an odd natural number and let d = p(n)+1/p+1 -p(n)-1/2. Consider the crosscorrelation function C-d(t) = Sigma (pn-1)(i=1) zeta (ai-adi-t) where zeta not equal 1 is a complex p-th root of unity and (a(i)) is a maximal linear shift register sequence. In 7 the bound /1 + C-d(t)/ less than or equal to 2 root3(n) has been computed for p = 3. In this note we generalize this to /1 + C-d(t) / less than or equal to P+1/2 rootP(n) for p greater than or equal to 3. Furthermore we give an upper bound for the probability of the crosscorrelation function achieving the maximum absolute value. C1 Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Informat Secur Ctr, Beijing 1000876, Peoples R China. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Otto Von Guericke Univ, Fak Math, IAG, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. RP Hu, Z (reprint author), Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Informat Secur Ctr, POB 126, Beijing 1000876, Peoples R China. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0938-1279 J9 APPL ALGEBR ENG COMM JI Appl. Algebr. Eng. Commun. Comput. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 12 IS 3 BP 255 EP 263 DI 10.1007/s002000100073 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 455FG UT WOS:000170016400003 ER PT J AU Norton, SA AF Norton, SA TI On first looking into Pernkopf's atlas (part 2) SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In the May issue of the ARCHIVES,(1) we learned that when Hitler's Germany annexed Austria in 1939, Eduard Pernkopf, an active and ardent Nazi, was placed as chancellor of the medical school at the University of Vienna, Among his first actions was to purge the school of Jewish faculty members and others who were in disfavor under the Nazi regime. Pernkopf, an anatomy professor at the university, arranged for the bodies of nearly 1400 people executed by the Gestapo, most of them for political reasons, to serve as models for an atlas of magnificent anatomic illustrations entitled, Topographische Anatomic des Menschen (Atlas of Topographical and Applied Human Anatomy). Nearly 50 years passed before the full story of Pernkopf's atlas was disclosed. The dermatology department at our teaching center held 2 volumes of the atlas in its departmental library and faced the issue of whether it was acceptable to use them. Members of the department developed the following consensus. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 137 IS 7 BP 867 EP 868 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 452DC UT WOS:000169841000002 PM 11453803 ER PT J AU Barekman, CL Aguilera, NSI Abbondanzo, SL AF Barekman, CL Aguilera, NSI Abbondanzo, SL TI Low-grade B-cell lymphoma with coexpression of both CD5 and CD10 - A report of 3 cases SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CLASSIFICATION; REARRANGEMENT; INTERMEDIATE; NEOPLASMS AB The coexpression of CD5 and CD10 has previously been reported in cases of intermediate- and high-grade lymphomas and in precursor B cells in normal or regenerating bone marrow. We report 3 cases of low-grade B-cell lymphoma that were found to coexpress CD5 and CD10 at the time of initial diagnosis. The first case was classified as small lymphocytic lymphoma; the second as follicle center lymphoma, follicular grade 1; and the third as small B-cell lymphoma otherwise not specified. Currently, the clinical implication of the coexpression of CD5 and CD10 is not known. We describe this finding to highlight the difficulty that may he encountered in classifying lymphomas in cases where this coexpression is present. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Barekman, CL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 125 IS 7 BP 951 EP 953 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 450ML UT WOS:000169747400019 PM 11419985 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Murphy, KP Kuklo, TR AF Owens, BD Murphy, KP Kuklo, TR TI Arthroscopic release for lateral epicondylitis SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE arthroscopy; lateral epicondylitis; tennis elbow ID TENNIS ELBOW AB Purpose: This study was performed to review the results of our early experience with recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis treated arthroscopically. Type of Study: This study is a case series consisting of consecutive patients with lateral epicondylitis treated arthroscopically by 1 surgeon. Methods: Patients failing a minimum of 6 months of conservative treatment underwent arthroscopic release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) origin using the proximal medial and proximal lateral portals. Associated intra-articular pathology was noted and addressed. The ECRB lesions were classified according to their gross morphology and resected with a shaver. The lateral epicondyle was then decorticated with a burr. Results: Sixteen patients with recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis were treated with arthroscopic release of the ECRB origin on the lateral epicondyle. Of the 16 elbows undergoing surgery, 5 (31.3%) were noted to have a type I lesion, characterized as fraying of the undersurface of the ECRB. Five (31.3%) had a type II lesion noted by linear tears within the ECRB, and 6 (37.5%) had a type III lesion, consisting of a partial or complete avulsion of the ECRB origin. Concurrent intra-articular pathology (synovitis, osteophytes) was noted in 3 of 16 elbows (18.8%) and was addressed arthroscopically. All patients were followed-up fur a minimum of year; however, 4 patients were lost to follow-up for this retrospective review due to military reassignment. Follow-up was obtained on 12 of 16 (75%) of patients at an average length of 24.1 months (range, 15 to 33 months). All patients reported improvement with the procedure. The average return to unrestricted work was 6.0 days (range, 0 to 28 days). Conclusions: Arthroscopic release effectively treats lateral epicondylitis while also affording visualization of the joint space to address associated intra-articular pathology. Additionally, arthroscopic release is minimally invasive and allows early rehabilitation and return to normal activities. elbow. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 17 IS 6 BP 582 EP 587 DI 10.1053/jars.2001.20098 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 449RB UT WOS:000169700000004 PM 11447544 ER PT J AU Marshall, HL Rutledge, R Fox, DW Miller, JM Guerriero, R Morgan, E van der Klis, M Bildsten, L Dotani, T Lewin, WHG AF Marshall, HL Rutledge, R Fox, DW Miller, JM Guerriero, R Morgan, E van der Klis, M Bildsten, L Dotani, T Lewin, WHG TI X-ray spectrum of the Rapid Burster using the Chandra HETGS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE X-rays ID MODE AB We present observations of the Rapid Burster (RB, also known as MXB 1730-335) using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer. The average interval between type II (accretion) bursts was about 40 s. There was one type I (thermonuclear flash) burst and about 20 minibursts that are probably type II bursts whose peak flux is 10%-40% of the average peak flux of the other type II bursts. The time-averaged spectra of the type II bursts are well fitted by a blackbody with a temperature of kT = 1.6 keV, a radius of 8.9 km for a distance of 8.6 kpc, and an interstellar column density of 1.7 x 10(22) cm(-2). No narrow emission or absorption lines were clearly detected. The 3 sigma upper limits to the equivalent widths of any features are less than 10 eV in the 1.1-7.0 keV band and as small as 1.5 eV near 1.7 keV. We suggest that Comptonization destroys absorption features such as the resonance line of Fe XXVI C1 MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, Fac Math Comp Sci Phys & Astron, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. RP Marshall, HL (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Space Res, 70 Vassar St,Bldg 37, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 122 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1086/321142 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 453XK UT WOS:000169943300002 ER PT J AU Dunne, CP Kluter, RA AF Dunne, CP Kluter, RA TI Emerging non-thermal processing technologies: criteria for success SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Dairy-Industry-Association-of-Australia World Series of Dairy Science Conference CY 2001 CL AUSTRALIA SP Dairy Ind Assoc Australia ID HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; INACTIVATION AB New non-thermal processes, such as pulsed electric field (PEF) and high pressure (HP) preservation, have been applied to a variety of prototype food products. These processes are best categorised as pasteurisation processes because they are not completely effective in reducing the activity of bacterial spores. Treated and properly packaged foods may have extended refrigerated shelf life or may be shelf stable if natural or added acids are present to control spore outgrowth. The primary criteria for a successful process are microbiological safety and stability. PEF and HP prototypes were evaluated after storage by sensory panels. Non-thermal processes yield products with more 'fresh-like' flavour than those produced by traditional thermal processes due to fewer chemical and physical changes. The advantages can be seen in both chemical/nutritional analyses and sensory acceptability and profiles of both the freshly processed and the stored prototype products. We used consumer acceptance panels to categorise PEF and HP products by comparing them with appropriate reference foods of the same kind, such as prepared from scratch, heat stabilised military rations and commercial items. Because some PEF and HP products were novel, finding benchmark products was sometimes difficult. The quality panels rated general sensory attributes to guide further product/process optimisation and to monitor change after storage as a guide to determining the useful shelf life of the new technology products. This presentation updates progress in producing food products using PEF and HP processing technologies. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Dunne, CP (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Patrick.Dunne@natick.army.mil NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU DAIRY INDUSTRY ASSOC AUSTRALIA PI NORTH MELBOURNE PA PO BOX 351, 1FL4, 484 WILLIAM ST, NORTH MELBOURNE, VIC 3051, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9433 J9 AUST J DAIRY TECHNOL JI Aust. J. Dairy Technol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 56 IS 2 BP 109 EP 112 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 461NM UT WOS:000170370400012 ER PT J AU Suhner, A Schlagenhauf, P Hofer, I Johnson, R Tschopp, A Steffen, R AF Suhner, A Schlagenhauf, P Hofer, I Johnson, R Tschopp, A Steffen, R TI Effectiveness and tolerability of melatonin and zolpidem for the alleviation of jet lag SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Conference of the International-Society-of-Travel-Medicine CY JUN 06-10, 1999 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Int Soc Travel Med DE jet lag; melatonin; zolpidem; sleep quality; actigraphy ID PHASE-RESPONSE CURVE; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; SLEEP; PERFORMANCE; DESYNCHRONOSIS; BINDING; FLIGHTS; DAYTIME; RHYTHMS; SHIFTS AB Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of a chronobiotic (melatonin) with a hypnotic (zolpidem) and the combination of both substances to alleviate jet lag symptoms associated with eastward travel. Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study is based on 137 volunteers flying from Switzerland to the American continent and back (6-9 time zones). The participants either received melatonin 5 mg (n = 35, zolpidem 10 mg in = 34), a combination thereof (n = 29) or placebo (n = 39) on the eastbound flight back to Switzerland and once daily at bedtime on 4 consecutive days after the flight. The test battery included daily sleep logs, symptoms questionnaires, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Also, on the last treatment day, Visual Analog Scales (VAS) were completed to assess overall jet lag ratings and treatment effectiveness. Baseline data were collected on 4 consecutive days 2 wk after the flight. During post-flight treatment and baseline, motor activity was assessed in a subgroup of 49 subjects using wrist-worn ambulatory monitors. Results: The self-rated sleep quality was significantly improved by zolpidem, especially during the night flight. Subjects taking zolpidem re ported significantly less jet lap and zolpidem was rated as the most effective jet lag medication. However, zolpidem and the combination melatonin/zolpidem were less well tolerated than melatonin alone; adverse event reports included nausea, vomiting, amnesia and somnambulia to the point of incapacitation. Confusion, morning sleepiness and nausea were highest in the combination group. Conclusions: All active treatments led to a decrease of jet lag severity with zolpidem being the most effective treatment, particularly in facilitating sleep on night flights. Potential individual adverse reactions to this hypnotic have to be considered. C1 Univ Zurich, Travel Clin, CH-3006 Zurich, Switzerland. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Lab Behav Biol, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Steffen, R (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Travel Clin, Sumatrastr 30, CH-3006 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 36 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 72 IS 7 BP 638 EP 646 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 449ZL UT WOS:000169717000005 PM 11471907 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT McGhee, JS Cloonan, C Pfaff, JA De Lorenzo, RA AF Gerhardt, RT McGhee, JS Cloonan, C Pfaff, JA De Lorenzo, RA TI US army MEDEVAC in the new millennium: A medical perspective SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Advanced Technology Applications in Combat Casualty Care Conference (ATACCC) CY SEP, 2000 CL FT WALTON BEACH, FLORIDA DE emergency medical services; air medical transport; prehospital care; military medicine ID TRANSPORT AB The U.S. Army Aeromedical Evacuation community (MEDEVAC) possesses a long-standing tradition of excellence in the care and transportation of combat casualties. Recent developments in civilian air medical transport and quantitative review of MEDEVAC operations have identified potential areas for improvement, concentrating on enhanced flight medic standards, training, sustainment and medical oversight of the air ambulance system. These proposed changes are discussed in detail, from the perspective of current emergency medicine and aviation medicine standards of practice. If instituted, these changes would facilitate the emergence of a true air medical transport capability comparable with the civilian community standard. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, DEM, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. USA, Sch Aviat Med, Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Rucker, AL USA. USA, Med Command, Off Consultant Aviat Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. US Joint Special Operat Med Training Ctr, Off Dean, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA, Med Command, Off Consultant Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Off Chief, W Branch 91, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Gerhardt, RT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, DEM, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM Robert.Gerhardt@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 72 IS 7 BP 659 EP 664 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 449ZL UT WOS:000169717000008 PM 11471910 ER PT J AU Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE AF Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE TI Effects of in situ cobalt ion addition on the activity of a GFP-OPH fusion protein: The fermentation kinetics SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; CELL-DENSITY CULTIVATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS HYDROLASE; PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA; EXPRESSION; ENZYME; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; STRESS; GENE AB The effects of cobalt ion addition and inducer concentration were studied in the fermentation of E. coli BL21 expressing a GFP (green fluorescent protein)-OPH (organophosphorus hydrolase) fusion protein. It was found that cobalt ion addition improved the OPH activity significantly. When 2 MM Of COCl2 was supplied during the IPTG-induction phase, OPH activity was enhanced similar to 10-fold compared to the case without cobalt or by the addition of cobalt to the cell extracts. Results indicate, therefore, that incorporation of the cobalt during synthesis is needed for enhanced activity. Also, the maximum OPH activity was not linearly related to inducer concentration. A mathematical model was then constructed to simulate these phenomena. Model parameters were determined by constrained least-squares and optimal IPTG and cobalt addition concentrations were obtained, pinpointing the conditions for the maximum productivity. Finally, the GFP fluorescence intensity was found linear to the OPH activity in each fermentation, demonstrating the function of GFP for monitoring its fusion partner's quantity in the bioreactor. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Agr Biotechnol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, ECBC, SBCCOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Agr Biotechnol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 8756-7938 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 17 IS 4 BP 606 EP 611 DI 10.1021/bp010043z PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 460YK UT WOS:000170338000003 PM 11485418 ER PT J AU Prottsman, MF AF Prottsman, MF TI Managing knowledge in health services. SO BULLETIN OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Aeromed Ctr, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Prottsman, MF (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Ctr, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 65 EAST WACKER PLACE, STE 1900, CHICAGO, IL 60601-7298 USA SN 0025-7338 J9 B MED LIBR ASSOC JI Bull. Med. Libr. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 89 IS 3 BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 544DF UT WOS:000175142400015 ER PT J AU Kruse, CD Higgins, KF Lee, BAV AF Kruse, CD Higgins, KF Lee, BAV TI Influence of predation on Piping Plover, Charadrius melodus, and Least Tern, Sterna antillarum, productivity along the Missouri River in South Dakota SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Piping Plover; Charadrius melodus; Least Tern; Sterna antillarum; productivity; predation; Missouri River; South Dakota ID EXCLOSURES; NESTS AB Predation along the Missouri River in South Dakota was examined from May-August during 1991 and 1992 to deter-mine its influence on Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) and Least Tern (Sterna antillarum) productivity, Egested raptor pellet collections, track and trail surveys, time-lapse photography, and visual observations were used to identify predators at active colony sites. Predation was the leading cause of nest and chick loss. American Crow (Con-us con-us), Raccoon (Procyon lotor), and Mink (Mustela vison) caused 98.0% of known nest losses. American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) and Great Homed Owls (Bubo virginianus) accounted for 93.0%, of the documented chick mortalities. Chick escape shelters and wire mesh predator exclosures were evaluated as a means of increasing nest success and chick survival. Piping Plover apparent nest success increased significantly (P < 0.001) from 34.4% to 61.6% with the use of predator exclosure cages. Chick shelters were not used by either species and appeared to provide no benefit to chick survival. High predation rates on the Missouri River may be the result of severe habitat deterioration and increased predator effectiveness. Management activities for Piping Plovers and Least Terns should be based on thorough knowledge of predator community composition and dynamics. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Yankton, SD 57078 USA. RP Kruse, CD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, POB 710, Yankton, SD 57078 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 14 PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB PI OTTAWA PA PO BOX 35069, WESTGATE PO, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1Z 1A2, CANADA SN 0008-3550 J9 CAN FIELD NAT JI Can. Field-Nat. PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 115 IS 3 BP 480 EP 486 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 550TY UT WOS:000175520500015 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Kenwood, B Hudak, C Tashko, G Virmani, R AF Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Kenwood, B Hudak, C Tashko, G Virmani, R TI A comparison of four stent designs on arterial injury, cellular proliferation, neointima formation, and arterial dimensions in an experimental porcine model SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics Symposium CY SEP 22, 1999 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. DE stents; restenosis; proliferation; revascularization ID NITINOL STENT; BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; CORONARY-ARTERY; RESTENOSIS; THROMBOSIS; PLACEMENT; RABBITS; WALL AB The stent-artery interactions of different stent designs have implications for their clinical effects, We studied four different stent designs to compare their effects on arterial injury, cellular proliferation, neointima formation, and arterial dimensions. Eighteen nonatherosclerotic miniswine underwent random placement of 52 coronary stents (3.0 mm), including self-expanding nitinol stents inc postdilation; Radius, n = 13) and balloon-expandable stents (8 atm x 45 sec; Palmaz-Schatz, n = 13; EX, n = 12; and Multilink, n = 14). Cellular proliferation was determined by S-phase labeling with BrdU at 7, 14, and 28 days. Proliferation, injury scores, and arterial morphometry were blindly evaluated, All four stent designs had similar injury scores, cellular proliferation indexes (neointimal and medial), and adventitial areas. Nitinol stents resulted in a twofold increase in neointimal area and thickness in 28-day vessels (P = 0.002), However, lumen area was similar for all stent designs because of an offsetting expansion in vessel area in nitinol stents (20% greater than balloon-expandable stents) occurring between 7 and 14 days after stent deployment (P = 0.03). Reduced neointimal cell density in nitinol stents (20% less than balloon-expandable stents, P = 0.012) suggests that extracellular matrix expansion accounts for the larger neointima in nitinol stents. Self-expansion of nitinol stents within normal porcine arteries results in a similar degree of arterial injury compared to balloon-expandable stent designs. Progressive enlargement of nitinol stents between 7 and 14 days after deployment is associated with the development of a larger, matrix-rich neointima, with a preserved lumen area. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss. Inc. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Cardiovasc Div, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC USA. RP Virmani, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Cardiovasc, 14th St & Alaska Ave NW, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 20 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 53 IS 3 BP 420 EP 425 DI 10.1002/ccd.1194 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 449BP UT WOS:000169664700026 PM 11458427 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Hnatiuk, OW AF Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Hnatiuk, OW TI Endobronchial biopsy for sarcoidosis - A prospective study SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE airway; biopsy; bronchoscopy; endobronchial; sarcoidosis; transbronchial ID BRONCHIAL NEEDLE ASPIRATION; TRANSBRONCHIAL LUNG-BIOPSY; PULMONARY SARCOIDOSIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Study objectives: To determine the yield of endobronchial biopsy (EBB) for suspected sarcoidosis, and to evaluate if EBB increases the diagnostic value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) when added to transbronchial biopsy (TBB). Design: Prospective study of consecutive patients. Setting: Pulmonary clinic of a tertiary-care, academic medical center. Patients: Patients consecutively referred for suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis. Interventions: All patients having FOE performed underwent an evaluation that included history, physical examination, a chest radiograph, and spirometry. During FOE, airway appearance was recorded and both TBB and EBB were performed in a standardized fashion, Six TBB specimens were obtained, as were six EBB samples, For patients with abnormal-appearing airways, four specimens were obtained from the abnormal-appearing airways and two specimens were obtained from the main carina, In patients with normal-appearing airways, four specimens were obtained from a secondary carina and two specimens were obtained from the main carina, A biopsy finding was considered positive if it demonstrated nonnecrotizing granulomas with special stains that were negative for fungal and mycobacterial organisms. Measurements and results: The study cohort included 34 subjects (mean +/- SD age, 37.9 +/- 6.8 years; 58.8% were male; 64.7% were African American), EBB findings were positive in 61.8% of patients, while TBB showed nonnecrotizing granulomas in 58.8% of subjects. The addition of EBB increased the yield of FOE by 20.6%, Although EBB findings were more frequently positive in abnormal-appearing airways (p = 0.014), EBB provided diagnostic tissue in 30.0% of patients with normal-appearing endobronchial mucose, There were no complications resulting from the addition of EBB to TBB. Conclusions: Endobronchial involvement is common in sarcoidosis, EBB has a yield comparable to TBB and can safely increase the diagnostic value of FOE. Pulmonologists should consider routinely performing EBB in cases of suspected sarcoidosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 2001 VL 120 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1378/chest.120.1.109 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 451YG UT WOS:000169829900022 PM 11451824 ER PT J AU Zapor, M Fraser, SL AF Zapor, M Fraser, SL TI A 47-year-old man with a sore throat SO CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LEMIERRES-SYNDROME; FORGOTTEN DISEASE; NECROBACILLOSIS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Zapor, M (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLEVELAND CLINIC PI CLEVELAND PA 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA SN 0891-1150 J9 CLEV CLIN J MED JI Clevel. Clin. J. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 68 IS 7 BP 605 EP 606 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 451ZX UT WOS:000169833600005 PM 11453077 ER PT J AU Roth, DE Taylor, DN Gilman, RH Meza, R Katz, U Bautista, C Cabrera, L Velapatino, B Lebron, C Razuri, M Watanabe, J Monath, T AF Roth, DE Taylor, DN Gilman, RH Meza, R Katz, U Bautista, C Cabrera, L Velapatino, B Lebron, C Razuri, M Watanabe, J Monath, T CA Gastrointestinal Physiology Work TI Posttreatment follow-up of Helicobacter pylori infection using a stool antigen immunoassay SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; BREATH TEST; HPSA TEST; ERADICATION; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; WORLD AB The Helicobacter pylori stool antigen enzyme immunoassay (HpSA) was evaluated during posttreatment follow-up of patients in a country with a very high prevalence of H. pylori infection. From among 273 dyspeptic individuals (18 to 55 years) initially recruited from a shantytown in Lima, Peru, 238 participants who met the inclusion criteria and were suspected to be H, pylori positive based on C-14 urea breath test (UBT) results underwent endoscopy, Participants with endoscopy-proven infections received standard eradication therapy and were monitored by UBT and HpSA at 1 month following treatment and at 3-month intervals for 9 months posttreatment, A second endoscopy was performed if UBT results showed evidence of treatment failure or H. pylori recurrence, Biopsy results were considered the "gold standard" in all analyses. Among patients who underwent endoscopy, HpSA had a pretreatment sensitivity of 93%, Two-hundred thirty patients completed the treatment regimen, of whom 201 (93%) were considered to have had successful treatment outcomes based on a negative follow-up UBT, Thirty-two patients with UBT-defined treatment failures or H. pylori recurrences at any point during the 9-month follow-up underwent a second endoscopy, In the posttreatment setting, HpSA had an overall sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 67%. Agreement between UBT and HpSA diminished throughout the follow-up. Among 14 participants in whom HpSA remained positive at 1 month following treatment despite UBT evidence of treatment success, 12 (86%) became HpSA negative within 3 months posttreatment, Although this study confirmed the validity of the HpSA in the initial assessment of dyspeptic patients, the test demonstrated a reduced overall accuracy in the detection of treatment failures and H. pylori recurrences during 9 months of posttreatment follow-up, Furthermore, in some patients it may take up to 3 months after successful eradication for antigen shedding to diminish to levels within the negative HpSA range. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cambridge, MA USA. Asociac Benefica PRISMA, Cambridge, MA USA. USA, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Cambridge, MA USA. Acambis Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. Japanese Peruvian Polyclin, Lima, Peru. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gilman, RH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,Room W3501, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 8 IS 4 BP 718 EP 723 DI 10.1128/CDLI.8.4.718-723.2001 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 449UN UT WOS:000169705700009 PM 11427417 ER PT J AU Schwartz, G Johnson, TR Goetz, A Burris, H Smetzer, L Lampkin, T Sailstad, J Hohneker, JA Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Schwartz, G Johnson, TR Goetz, A Burris, H Smetzer, L Lampkin, T Sailstad, J Hohneker, JA Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of 1843U89, a noncompetitive inhibitor of thymidylate synthase, in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FOLIC-ACID; BENZOQUINAZOLINE INHIBITORS; 5-FLUOROURACIL; MECHANISMS; SYNTHETASE; METHOTREXATE; RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; INTESTINE AB This study was performed to assess the feasibility of administering 1843U89, a potent, noncompetitive inhibitor of thymidylate synthase that does not require polyglutamation for activity, as a 2-min i.v. infusion daily for 5 days every 3 weeks, to determine whether folic acid supplementation ameliorates the toxic effects of 1843U89 and permits further dose escalation, and to recommend doses of 1843U89 administered without and with folic acid for further clinical evaluations. The study also sought to characterize the pharmacokinetic behavior of 1843U89 and to seek preliminary evidence of anticancer activity. Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of 1843U89 as a 2-min i.v, infusion daily for 5 days every 3 weeks. Initially, patients were treated in the absence of high-dose folic acid until dose-limiting toxicity was consistently noted. Next, patients were treated with escalating doses of 1843U89 preceded by 1000 mg of folic acid administered p.o. 30 min before each of the 5 daily doses of 1843U89, Patients (32) received 101 total courses of 1843U89 at doses ranging from 1 to 6 mg/m(2)/day with and without folic acid. At the 2 mg/m(2)/day dose level without folic acid, 2 of 7 new patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity, principally neutropenia, mucositis, and malaise in 3 of 11 courses. 1843U89 doses were further increased with folic acid to 6 mg/m2/day, but repetitive treatment was not feasible at this dose level because of an unacceptable high incidence of severe neutropenia and mucositis, Other toxicities included thrombocytopenia, rash, and fever. In contrast, repetitive treatment at the 5 mg/m2/day dose level was feasible. The pharmacokinetics of 1843U89 were neither dose dependent nor affected by folic acid. On day 1, clearance, terminal half-life, and steady-state volume of distribution values averaged 47.1 +/- 21.7 ml/min/m(2), 7.72 +/- 4.09 h, and 16.7 +/- 8.8 liter/m(2)/h, respectively. The results of the study indicate that the administration of 1843U89 as a 2-min infusion daily for 5 days every 3 weeks without and with folic acid is feasible at 1843U89 doses as high as 2 and 5 mg/m2/day, respectively. Because folic acid pretreatment results in no diminution of the antitumor activity of 1843U89 in preclinical studies and ameliorates the toxic effects of 1843U89 in both preclinical models and cancer patients, the therapeutic index of 1843U89 may be enhanced by folic acid pretreatment and, therefore, the development of 1843U89 with folic acid is warranted. However, the question of whether to administer 1843U89 at a dose of 2 mg/m(2)/day with folic acid, which is associated with negligible toxicity, or at its highest feasible dose with folic acid, 5 mg/m2/day, should be addressed in appropriately designed trials. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 8122 Datapoint Dr,Suite 700, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01346] NR 30 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1901 EP 1911 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 451BZ UT WOS:000169782400013 PM 11448903 ER PT J AU Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Miller, MS Pesce-Rodriguez, RA McNesby, CJS Singh, G AF Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Miller, MS Pesce-Rodriguez, RA McNesby, CJS Singh, G TI Condensed-phase processes during combustion of solid gun propellants. I. Nitrate ester propellants SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID LEAD AB Burning grains of the nitrate ester gun propellants M9, M30, and JA2 were extinguished, and the burned surfaces examined microscopically and by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Studies were carried out at pressures ranging from atmospheric (0.1 MPa to 2.0 MPa). Scanning electron microscopy examination of quenched samples burned at these low pressures indicates that the surface layers affected by combustion are only a few microns in thickness. Examination by photoacoustic Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy and by microreflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy indicates that the main change in the IR spectra of these extinguished surfaces is the presence of a weak carbonyl absorption peak in the region near 1730 cm(-1); this is consistent with the idea that a principal initial step is condensed-phase conversion of nitrate ester groupings to aldehyde or ketone groupings through loss of NO2 by N-O cleavage followed by loss of a-hydrogen. In agreement with the scanning electron microscopy results, depth-profiling (carried out by surface-abrasion and by cross-section examination) indicates that in these nitrate ester propellants only the top few microns have undergone chemical change. (C) 2001 by The Combustion Institute. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schroeder, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 2001 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 1569 EP 1576 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(01)00271-1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 467ZR UT WOS:000170734100017 ER PT J AU Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Miller, MS Pesce-Rodriguez, RA McNesby, CJS Singh, G Widder, JM AF Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Miller, MS Pesce-Rodriguez, RA McNesby, CJS Singh, G Widder, JM TI Condensed-phase processes during combustion of solid gun propellants. II. Nitramine composite propellants SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; RDX; TEMPERATURE; PYROLYSIS; SYSTEM; HMX; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE; GAS; 1,3,5-TRINITROHEXAHYDRO-S-TRIAZINE AB Burning samples of nitramine composite solid gun propellants were quenched, and the burned surfaces examined microscopically and by chemical analysis. Studies were carried out on XM39 and M43 propellants, on an HMX-polyester composition (HMX2) and on pure RDX, at pressures ranging from atmospheric (0.1 MPa to 2.0 MPa). Scanning electron microscopy examination of quenched samples burned at these low pressures indicates that a liquefied layer 100 to 300 mu thick forms during combustion of these nitramine compositions. Bubbles are present, especially at the lower pressures, Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis suggests that in the case of XM39, ethyl centralite stabilizer is depleted in the surface layers relative to the plasticizer acetyl triethyl citrate. High-performance liquid chromatography studies indicate that for XM39 (and presumably for M43), HMX2, and RDX, the surface layers exhibit formation of the mechanistically significant nitrosoamines MRDX (also known as ONDNTA) and DRDX Examination of the burned surfaces of XM39 and of HMX2 by photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and by microreflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicates the presence of increased amounts of binder and its decomposition products. Examination of the burned surface of RDX by photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared indicates the presence of RDX decomposition products. These observations suggest the occurrence of a significant amount of condensed-phase decomposition. Depth profiling, by surface-abrasion and by cross-section examination, indicates that in the nitramine propellants the molten oxidizer laver is overlain by a layer (similar to 20 mu thick) of binder and its decomposition products. The roles of vaporization and of thermal decomposition in the liquid layers of the nitramine propellants are also discussed; it appears that both play significant roles. (C) 2001 by The Combustion Institute. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schroeder, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM schroede@arl.army.mil NR 71 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 2001 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 1577 EP 1598 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(01)00267-X PG 22 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 467ZR UT WOS:000170734100018 ER PT J AU Larson, SR Waldron, BL Monsen, SB St John, L Palazzo, AJ McCracken, CL Harrison, RD AF Larson, SR Waldron, BL Monsen, SB St John, L Palazzo, AJ McCracken, CL Harrison, RD TI AFLP variation in agamospermous and dioecious bluegrasses of western North America SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POA-SECUNDA COMPLEX; POPULATIONS; POACEAE; DIVERSITY; MARKERS AB Native perennial bluegrasses are common and persistent in the understory steppe vegetation of western North America. The agamospermous Poa secunda Presl. complex circumscribes a number of commonly recognized forms including big bluegrass (P. ampla Merr.), canby bluegrass (P. canbyi Scribn.), and sandberg bluegrass (P. sandbergii Vasey). Poa fendleriana (Steudel) Vasey is a dioecious, morphologically distinct bluegrass species that is also native to western North America. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method was used to analyze genetic variation within and among cv. Canbar canby bluegrass, cv. Sherman big bluegrass, two allopatric natural populations of sandberg bluegrass, and one natural germplasm source of P. fendleriana. Results indicate that Sherman and Canbar are comprised of one or several fixed genotypes, respectively, that are related to sandberg bluegrass. Although several fixed genotypes were also detected within the two natural sandberg bluegrass populations, high levels of genetic diversity were present in the agamospermous sandberg populations and dioecious P. fendleriana population. Patterns of AFLP variation in P. secunda are consistent with facultative apomixis and outcrossing mode of reproduction. Moreover, population differentiation between the two highly diverse natural sandberg bluegrass populations, collected from sites nearly 600 km apart, is very low (G(s) = 0.14) and reflect a high degree of gene flow. However, the AFLP profiles of Canbar canby bluegrass and Sherman big bluegrass were distinct from sandberg bluegrass. The P. secunda complex, as a group, was clearly distinguishable from P. fendleriana. Thus, DNA fingerprinting was used to characterize naturally diverse bluegrass germplasm sources that may be used for large-scale revegetation efforts across the western USA. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USDA FS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. USDA, NRCS, Aberdeen Plant Mat Ctr, Aberdeen, ID USA. USDOD ACE, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM stlarson@cc.usu.edu OI McCracken, Carrie/0000-0002-8038-9727 NR 33 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1300 EP 1305 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 470PW UT WOS:000170881200046 ER PT J AU Osswald, SS Proffer, LH Sartori, CR AF Osswald, SS Proffer, LH Sartori, CR TI Erythema dyschromicum perstans: A case report and review SO CUTIS LA English DT Review ID CLOFAZIMINE AB This article has been peer reviewed and approved by Michael Fisher, MD, Professor of Medicine, Albert Einstein College ci Medicine. Review date: June 2001. This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essentials and Standards of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Quadrant HealthCom, Inc. The Albert Einstein College of Medicine is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Albert Einstein College:of: :Medicine designates this educational activity for a maximum of 1.0 hour in category 1 credit toward the; AMA Physician's Recognition Award. Each physician should claim only those hours of credit that he/she actually spent in; the educational: activity. This activity has been planned and produced in accordance with ACCME Essentials. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USN Hosp, Corpus Christi, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Osswald, SS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 2001 VL 68 IS 1 BP 25 EP 28 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 454XY UT WOS:000169998100005 PM 11480143 ER PT J AU Young, J Wilde, JL Sartori, CR Elston, DM AF Young, J Wilde, JL Sartori, CR Elston, DM TI Solitary nodule of the great toe SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID SUBUNGUAL EXOSTOSIS AB We describe a 21-year-old woman with a subungual exostosis exhibiting both skin and nail findings. The patient presented with a firm, flesh-colored, nontender, subungual nodule in the distal nail bed of the great toe. Radiographic examination revealed focal calcification of the nodule, with direct communication to,the underlying phalanx. Subungual exostosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any digital mass. Surgical excision, followed by curettage of the base, is the treatment of choice. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE DD, Fort Sam Houston, TX USA. Irwin Army Community Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Ft Riley, KS USA. David Grant Med Ctr, Fairfield, CA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 EI 2326-6929 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 2001 VL 68 IS 1 BP 57 EP 58 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 454XY UT WOS:000169998100012 ER PT J AU Banumathy, C Tang, Y Fox, C Mishra, B Mishra, L AF Banumathy, C Tang, Y Fox, C Mishra, B Mishra, L TI ITIH-4, a serine protease inhibitor, plays a prominent functional role in IL-6-induced hepatocyte formation. SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DVAMC, Washington, DC USA. Temple Univ, Fels Canc Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. NHGRI, CGTB, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 235 IS 1 MA 139 BP 202 EP 202 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 449RN UT WOS:000169701100135 ER PT J AU Tang, Y Fox, C Danovitch, S Fleury, T Mishra, B Sidawy, A Deng, C Mishra, L AF Tang, Y Fox, C Danovitch, S Fleury, T Mishra, B Sidawy, A Deng, C Mishra, L TI Defects in TGF beta signaling by smad 4 and ELF spectrins are associated with gastric carcinogenesis. SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DVAMC, Washington, DC USA. Temple Univ, Fels Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. Sibley Hosp, Washington, DC USA. NHGRI, CGTB, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI deng, chuxia/N-6713-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 235 IS 1 MA 334 BP 243 EP 244 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 449RN UT WOS:000169701100305 ER PT J AU Fox, C Tang, Y Subramanian, A Banumathy, C Radhakrishnan, S Mishra, B Sidawy, A Mishra, L AF Fox, C Tang, Y Subramanian, A Banumathy, C Radhakrishnan, S Mishra, B Sidawy, A Mishra, L TI Novel ring finger proteins PRAJA-1 and AVP-36 play distinct roles in ubiquitination and protein trafficking in epithelial cell formation. SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Temple Univ, DVAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Temple Univ, Fels Canc Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 235 IS 1 MA 436 BP 266 EP 266 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 449RN UT WOS:000169701100395 ER PT J AU Avis, I Hong, SH Martinez, A Moody, T Choi, YH Trepel, J Das, R Jett, M Mulshine, JL AF Avis, I Hong, SH Martinez, A Moody, T Choi, YH Trepel, J Das, R Jett, M Mulshine, JL TI Five-lipoxygenase inhibitors can mediate apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines through complex eicosanoid interactions SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; leukotrienes; 5-lipoxygenase pathway; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; apoptosis ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; 5-LIPOXYGENASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN FLAP; LEUKOTRIENE C-4 SYNTHASE; IN-VITRO GROWTH; PPAR-GAMMA; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 EXPRESSION; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Many arachidonic acid metabolites function in growth signaling for epithelial cells, and we previously reported the expression of the major arachidonic acid enzymes in human breast cancer cell lines. To evaluate the role of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway on breast cancer growth regulation, we exposed cells to insulinlike growth factor-1 or transferrin, which increased the levels of the 5-LO metabolite, 5(S)-hydrooxyeicosa-6E,8C,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid (5-HETE), by radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography. Addition of 5-HETE to breast cancer cells resulted in growth stimulation, whereas selective biochemical inhibitors of 5-LO reduced the levels of 5-HETE and related metabolites. Application of 5-LO or 5-LO activating protein-directed inhibitors, but not a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, reduced growth, increased apoptosis, down-regulated bcl-2, up-regulated bax, and increased G1 arrest. Exposure of breast cancer cells to a 5-LO inhibitor up-regulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPAR gamma expression, and these same cells were growth inhibited when exposed to relevant PPAR agonists. These results suggest that disruption of the 5-LO signaling pathway mediates growth arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Additional experiments suggest that this involves the interplay of several factors, including the loss of growth stimulation by 5-LO products, the induction of PPAR gamma, and the potential activation of PPAR gamma by interactions with shunted endoperoxides. C1 NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, Med Branch, Div Clin Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mulshine, JL (reprint author), NCI, Intervent Sect, CCB,MB, DCS,NIH,Clin Ctr, B10,12N226,9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mulshinj@mail.nih.gov RI Martinez, Alfredo/A-3077-2013 OI Martinez, Alfredo/0000-0003-4882-4044 NR 74 TC 128 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 9 BP 2007 EP + DI 10.1096/fj.00-0866fje PG 30 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 460PV UT WOS:000170318500024 PM 11511519 ER PT J AU Krivak, TC McBroom, JW Sundborg, MJ Crothers, B Parker, MF AF Krivak, TC McBroom, JW Sundborg, MJ Crothers, B Parker, MF TI Large cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma: A report of two cases and review of the literature SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; cervical carcinoma ID NEURO-ENDOCRINE CARCINOMA; UTERINE CERVIX; LIGHT; ADENOCARCINOMA; TUMORS AB Background. Large cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma is a rare malignancy. These tumors appear to mimic the aggressive behavior of small cell neuroendocrine tumors. Metastasis and recurrent disease are common. Due to the low incidence of these tumors, optimal therapy has not been delineated. Cases. Two patients presented with large cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma, stage IB1 and IIA, at our institution from 1997 to 1999. We describe the clinical course for these two patients and review the relevant literature for the management of large cell cervical carcinoma. Conclusion. Unlike squamous cell carcinoma, early-stage large cell neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix are aggressive. Disease recurrences are frequent and distant metastasis is common. Multimodal therapy should be considered at the time of initial diagnosis. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Krivak, TC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 82 IS 1 BP 187 EP 191 DI 10.1006/gyno.2001.6254 PG 5 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 451WG UT WOS:000169824900033 PM 11426984 ER PT J AU Papageorgiou, TC Hearns-Stokes, RM Leondires, MP Miller, BT Chakraborty, P Cruess, D Segars, J AF Papageorgiou, TC Hearns-Stokes, RM Leondires, MP Miller, BT Chakraborty, P Cruess, D Segars, J TI Training of providers in embryo transfer: what is the minimum number of transfers required for proficiency? SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE assisted reproduction; embryo transfer; Fellows training; learning-curve; pregnancy rate ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PREGNANCY RATES; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; PROGRAM; TIME AB BACKGROUND: Embryo transfer represents one of the most critical procedures in the practice of assisted reproduction. The objective of this study was to identify retrospectively the minimum number of embryo transfers required to train providers properly in this skill. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study group consisted of 204 patients who received embryo transfers between January 1996 and March 2000 in a university-based programme of assisted reproduction. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancies per embryo transfer. Five Fellow trainees performed a total of 204 embryo transfers for an overall pregnancy rate of 45.5% per embryo transfer (93/204), In comparison, the programme pregnancy rate per transfer for experienced providers was 47.3% (560/1179). A chronological graph of each individual trainee's experience for the first 50 embryo transfers performed suggested a lower initial pregnancy rate for three of the five trainees, To determine whether a learning curve might exist, results of the first 25 transfers were compared as a subgroup with the second 25 transfers. Pregnancy rates were lower for the 1-25 transfer subgroup than in the 26-50 subgroup for three of the five Fellow trainees, although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Clinical pregnancy rates of Fellows-in-training were indistinguishable statistically from those of experienced staff by 50 transfers. C1 NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Segars, J (reprint author), NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 9D42, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1415 EP 1419 DI 10.1093/humrep/16.7.1415 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 451QD UT WOS:000169812000019 PM 11425822 ER PT J AU James, WE Barko, JW Eakin, HL AF James, WE Barko, JW Eakin, HL TI Phosphorus recycling by zebra mussels in relation to density and food resource availability SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Dreissena polymorpha; nutrient recycling; phosphorus; zebra mussels ID DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; SAGINAW BAY; LAKE HURON; SEDIMENT; ERIE AB Using flow-through microcosms, we examined phosphorus (P) recycling by zebra mussels under conditions of nearly constant food resource supply and varying zebra mussel population densities (600-5200 ind./m(2)). At all density levels, zebra mussels filtered substantial algae, measured as chlorophyll biomass. Because chlorophyll biomass inputs were low throughout the study, zebra mussel biomass-specific rates of chlorophyll filtration declined with increasing density, suggesting food resource limitation at the higher densities. We observed net total P export and high zebra mussel biomass-specific rates of P recycling over time in microcosms at high zebra mussel densities. In systems with a low zebra mussel density, net total P export did not occur over time. Our results suggest the occurrence of P remineralization by zebra mussels and net loss associated with emaciation during periods of temporary starvation. These findings have implications for P dynamics since zebra mussels can be subjected to periods of starvation over seasonal and annual time scales. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. RP James, WE (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 455 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1023/A:1011935317815 PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 511CQ UT WOS:000173247400005 ER PT J AU Au, G Locke, L Rafferty, J AF Au, G Locke, L Rafferty, J TI Performance and characteristics of large lithium ion cells with low temperature electrolyte SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The US Army and Saft have developed a large lithium ion battery to replace the BE-622 silver zinc battery for application for the ITAS System. The Army discovered using the 1M LiPF6 1EC:1EMC:1DMC electrolyte can meet ITAS low temperature requirements at -40 degreesC and still provide 71% of the room temperature capacity. This is about 40% better than silver zinc at low temperature. C1 USA, CECOM RDEC, Myer Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Au, G (reprint author), USA, CECOM RDEC, Myer Ctr, Bldg 2700,RM 2D301,AMSEL-RD-C2-AP-BA, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1109/62.935464 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 452RJ UT WOS:000169872300010 ER PT J AU Beck, WA Mirotznik, MS AF Beck, WA Mirotznik, MS TI Generalized analysis of stability and numerical dispersion in the discrete-convolution FDTD method (vol 48, pg 887, 2000) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Correction DE FDTD methods AB This communication corrects several printing errors in the original publication. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Beck, WA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1114 EP 1114 DI 10.1109/TAP.2001.933492 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 451RQ UT WOS:000169815400015 ER PT J AU Yao, J Choi, KK Tsui, DC AF Yao, J Choi, KK Tsui, DC TI Optimization of high detectivity infrared hot-electron transistors at low temperature SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE infrared detectors; noise; quantum well devices ID NOISE; PHOTODETECTORS; SPECTROSCOPY AB In this article, we report a 10 mum-cutoff infrared hot-electron transistor (IHET) with extremely high detectivity, D* > 7.5 x 10(12) cm root Hz/W at 4.2K. This large D* is accomplished by using InGaAs material in the quantum wells and by using a low filter barrier at the collector for the large photocurrent transfer ratio. We have verified the detector performance by explicitly performing noise characterization at low temperatures. We found that the noise: of the quantum well infrared photodetector, which forms the emitter of the HET, is dominated by the 1/f noise and a bias-independent noise. The 1/f current noise is due to the conductance fluctuation in impurity-assisted tunneling via DX centers in the quantum wed barriers. The filter barrier of the IHET blocks the impurity-assisted tunneling and hence its noise at the collector and thus improves the detector sensitivity. C1 JDS Uniphase Corp, EPITAXX Div, W Trenton, NJ 08828 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Yao, J (reprint author), JDS Uniphase Corp, EPITAXX Div, W Trenton, NJ 08828 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUL PY 2001 VL 48 IS 7 BP 1318 EP 1321 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 444VR UT WOS:000169421200005 ER PT J AU Rand, RS Keenan, DM AF Rand, RS Keenan, DM TI A spectral mixture process conditioned by Gibbs-based partitioning SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; hyperspectral; multigrid Gibbs distribution; partition process; spectral mixture analysis ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NEURAL-NETWORK; CLASSIFICATION AB An enhanced method of spectral mixture analysis is investigated for hyperspectral imagery of moderate-to-high scene complexity, where either a large set of fundamental materials may exist throughout, or where some of the fundamental members have spectra that are similar to each other. For a complex scene, the use of one large set of fundamental materials as the set of "endmembers" for performing spectral unmixing can cause unreliable estimates of material compositions at sites within the scene. In such cases, partitioning this large set of endmembers into a number of smaller sets is appropriate, where the smaller sets are associated with certain regions in a scene. Herein, a Gibbs-based algorithm is developed to partition hyperspectral imagery into regions of similarity. This partitioning algorithm provides an estimator of an underlying and unobserved process called a "partition process" that coexists with other underlying (and unobserved) processes, one of which is called a "spectral mixing process." The algorithm exploits the properties of a Markov random field (MRF) and the associated Gibbs equivalence theorem, using a suitably defined graph structure and a Gibbs distribution to model the partition process. Consequently, spatial consistency is imposed on the spectral content of sites in each partition. The enhanced spectral mixing process is then computed as a linear mixture model that is conditioned on the partition process. Experiments are performed using scenes of HYDICE imagery to validate the algorithm, where spectral mixture analysis is performed with and without conditioning on the partitioning process. C1 USA, ERDC, Corps Engineers, Topog Engn Ctr, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Stat, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Rand, RS (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Corps Engineers, Topog Engn Ctr, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 2001 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1421 EP 1434 DI 10.1109/36.934074 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 457EE UT WOS:000170123500009 ER PT J AU O'Neill, K Haider, SA Geimer, SD Paulsen, KD AF O'Neill, K Haider, SA Geimer, SD Paulsen, KD TI Effects of the ground surface on polarimetric features of broadband radar scattering from subsurface metallic objects SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE buried object detection; finite element method; numerical modeling; polarimetry; radar; resonance; unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID MAXWELL EQUATIONS; ELEMENT AB Throughout the world, the problem of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) poses an enormous, persistent, and expensive problem. While UXO generally consists of sizable bodies of ferrous metal and can therefore be detected, with current technology it is extremely difficult to distinguish them reliably from typically widespread pieces of clutter. Thus the problem is one of subsurface discrimination. Our previous modeling work on scattering of ground penetrating radar (GPR) from metallic objects surrounded by an infinite soil-like medium has suggested the utility of a number of key discriminants in broadband fully polarimetric sensing. In particular, resonance structure, induced field rotatation and ellipticity, and bistatic observation of scattered signals were shown to offer key information about target shape and size. Here we investigate the effects on signature features of the proximity of a ground surface to the targets for the common case of shallow burial (<1 m). Overall, our analyses suggest that the key discriminants seen in scattering in an infinite medium survive the complex interactions with the ground surface. In some instances, these revealing signatures appear to be strengthened by the presence of a nearby surface. Multiposition backscatter also allows fundamental inferences about target elongation and symmetry when those cannot be obtained from single position viewing. C1 Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP O'Neill, K (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 2001 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1556 EP 1565 DI 10.1109/36.934087 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 457EE UT WOS:000170123500022 ER PT J AU Marin, JA Brown, DE James, JR AF Marin, JA Brown, DE James, JR TI Protecting the network: Research directions in information assurance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 BBN Corp, Columbia, MD 21042 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Marin, JA (reprint author), BBN Corp, Columbia, MD 21042 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1083-4427 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY A JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Paart A-Syst. Hum. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 4 BP 249 EP 252 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 453YE UT WOS:000169945100001 ER PT J AU Nash, DA Ragsdale, DJ AF Nash, DA Ragsdale, DJ TI Simulation of self-similarity in network utilization patterns as a precursor to automated testing of intrusion detection systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS LA English DT Article DE hurst parameter; self-similarity; simulated network traffic automatic testing AB The behavior of a certain class of automatic intrusion detection systems (IDSs) may be characterized as sensing patterns of network activity which are indicative of hostile intent. An obvious technique to test such a system is to engage the IDSs of interest, and then use human actors to introduce the activities of a would-be intruder. While having the advantage of realism, such an approach is difficult to scale to large numbers of intrusive behaviors. Instead it would be preferable to generate traffic which includes these manifestations of intrusive activity automatically, While such traffic would be difficult to produce in a totally general way, there are some aspects of network utilization which may be reproducible without excessive investment of resources. In particular, real network loading often exhibits patterns of self-similarity, which may be seen at various levels of time scaling. These patterns should be replicated in simulated network traffic as closely as is feasible, given the computational ability of the simulator. This motivates interest in an efficient way to detect multiscale phenomena in network traffic, as well as a means to create simulated traffic that exhibits the desired characteristics. We propose the use of multiresolution wavelet analysis as a technique which may be used to accomplish the desired detection, and subsequent construction of self-similarity in the simulated traffic. Following a multiresolution decomposition of the traffic using an orthogonal filterbank, the resulting wavelet coefficients may be filtered according to their magnitude. Some of the coefficients may be discarded, yielding an efficient representation. We investigate the effect of compression upon the reconstructed signal's self-similarity, as measured by its estimated Hurst parameter. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Informat Technol & Operat Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Nash, DA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1083-4427 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY A JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Paart A-Syst. Hum. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 4 BP 327 EP 331 DI 10.1109/3468.935051 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 453YE UT WOS:000169945100010 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Prada, CM Nikolich, M Vemulapalli, R Sriranganathan, N Boyle, SM Schurig, GG Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL AF Fernandez-Prada, CM Nikolich, M Vemulapalli, R Sriranganathan, N Boyle, SM Schurig, GG Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL TI Deletion of wboA enhances activation of the lectin pathway of complement in Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; C-TYPE LECTINS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; SERUM RESISTANCE; C1Q BINDING; ROUGH AB Brucella spp, are gram-negative intracellular pathogens that survive and multiply within phagocytic cells of their hosts. Smooth organisms present O polysaccharides (OPS) on their surface. These OPS help the bacteria avoid the bactericidal action of serum. The wboA gene, coding for the enzyme glycosyltransferase, is essential for the synthesis of O chain in Brucella. In this study, the sensitivity to serum of smooth, virulent Brucella melitensis 16M and B. abortus 2308, rough wboA mutants VTRM1, RAI, and WRR51 derived from these two Brucella species, and the B. abortus vaccine strain RB51 was assayed using normal nonimmune human serum (NHS). The deposition of complement components and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) on the bacterial surface was detected by flow cytometry. Rough B. abortus mutants were more sensitive to the bactericidal action of NHS than were rough B, melitensis mutants. Complement components were deposited on smooth strains at a slower rate compared to rough strains. Deposition of iC3b and C5b-9 and bacterial killing occurred when bacteria were treated with Clq-depleted, but not with C2-depleted serum or NHS in the presence of Mg-EGTA. These results indicate that (i) OPS-deficient strains derived from B. melitensis 16M are more resistant to the bactericidal action of NHS than OPS-deficient strains derived from B. abortus 2308, (ii) both the classical and the MEL-mediated pathways are involved in complement deposition and complement-mediated killing of Brucella, and (iii) the alternative pathway is not activated by smooth or rough brucellae. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Fernandez-Prada, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 503,Rm 2N57, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Nikolich, Mikeljon/B-2868-2011 NR 58 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 69 IS 7 BP 4407 EP 4416 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.7.4407-4416.2001 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 443HL UT WOS:000169335700027 PM 11401980 ER PT J AU Fries, LF Montemarano, AD Mallett, CP Taylor, DN Hale, TL Lowell, GH AF Fries, LF Montemarano, AD Mallett, CP Taylor, DN Hale, TL Lowell, GH TI Safety and immunogenicity of a proteosome-Shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide vaccine administered intranasally to healthy adults SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SERUM ANTIBODIES; NEISSERIAL PORINS; NATURAL IMMUNITY; EFFICACY; SONNEI; INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTES; INDUCTION; RESPONSES; ANTIGEN AB We studied the safety and immunogenicity of a Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine comprising native S, flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) complexed to meningococcal outer membrane proteins-proteosomes-in normal, healthy adults, A two-dose series of immunizations was given by intranasal spray, and doses of 0.1, 0.4, 1.0, and 1.5 mg (based on protein) were studied in a dose-escalating design. The vaccine was generally well tolerated, The most common reactions included rhinorrhea and nasal stuffiness, which were clearly dose related (P less than or equal to 0.05). These reactions were self-limited and generally mild. The vaccine elicited S. flexneri 2a LPS-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in a dose-responsive manner. At doses of 1.0 or 1.5 mg, highly significant (P < 0.001) increases in ASCs of all antibody isotypes occurred and 95% of subjects had an ASC response in at least one antibody isotype, Dose-related serum antibody responses were observed, with geometric mean two- to fivefold rises in specific serum IgA and IgG titers and two- to threefold rises in IgM in the 1.0- and 1.5-mg-dose groups (P < 0.0001 for each isotype), Elevated serum antibody levels persisted through day 70, Increases in fecal Ige and IgA and also in urinary IgA specific for S. flexneri 2a LPS were demonstrated. These were most consistent and approached statistical significance (P = 0.02 to 0.12 for various measures) on day 70 after the first dose. The magnitude of immune responses to intranasally administered proteosome-S. flexneri 2a LPS vaccine is similar to those reported for live vaccine candidates associated with protective efficacy in human challenge models, and further evaluation of this product is warranted. C1 UMBC, Intellivax Inc, Ctr Technol, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Intellivax Int Inc, St Laurent, PQ H4S 2A1, Canada. RP Fries, LF (reprint author), UMBC, Intellivax Inc, Ctr Technol, 1450 S Rolling Rd, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. NR 36 TC 65 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 69 IS 7 BP 4545 EP 4553 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.7.4545-4553.2001 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 443HL UT WOS:000169335700045 PM 11401998 ER PT J AU Van de Wal, BJ Kendall, G Sammakia, B Sahay, C Constable, J AF Van de Wal, BJ Kendall, G Sammakia, B Sahay, C Constable, J TI Acoustic emission analysis for fatigue prediction of lap solder joints in mode two shear SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID CYCLE AB This current research method combined the disciplines of Fractography, ConFocal(R) analysis, and Acoustic Emission to discover and identify failure modes of eutectic (62%Sn36%Pb2%Ag) solders (with and without rosin core flux) and lead free (99CSn-Cu) solder under cyclic displacement controlled Mode II shear fatigue. Results show a strong pattern of acoustic emission correlating to stages of failure. Three distinct stages were found: "Stage I" (crack initiation), "Stage II" (nucleation), and "Stage III" (failure and/or propagation). Time domain analysis shows distinct waveforms for each stage of fatigue, The frequency domain analysis shows a distinct pattern in the PSD. The combination of these two trends allows for a basis to predict solder joint fatigue in an acoustical manner utilizing acoustic emissions. Fractographic results support the trends seen in the acoustic emission analysis for each stage of fatigue. Dominant failure modes of specimens appeared to be intermetallic crack growth, grain coarsening, and dislocation energy effects. These failure modes can be explained in both the time and frequency responses of these specimens. The conclusion is that utilizing acoustic emissions with the disciplines of Acoustic Emissions, Fractography, ConFocal analysis has uncovered and identified failure modes of eutectic (62%Sn36%Pb2%Ag) solders (with and without rosin core flux) and lead free (99CSn-Cu) solder under cyclic displacement controlled Mode II shear fatigue. C1 USA, Res Dev Engn Command, Benet Weap Lab, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Hartford, CT 06112 USA. SUNY Binghamton, Dept Elect Engn, Binghamton, NY USA. RP Van de Wal, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Dev Engn Command, Benet Weap Lab, Watervliet Arsenal, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 1056-7895 J9 INT J DAMAGE MECH JI Int. J. Damage Mech. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3 BP 256 EP 276 DI 10.1106/2YGX-4ENJ-34QL-MK09 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 530TM UT WOS:000174375100005 ER PT J AU Huang, W Xu, M Jain, F AF Huang, W Xu, M Jain, F TI 1.55 mu m InGaAs-InP quantum wire optical modulators: Optimization of wire width to maximize absorption and index of refraction changes due to excitonic transitions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article DE quantum wire modulators; 1.55 micron InGaAs-InP quantum wire modulators; Quantum Confined Stark Effect; excitonic effects AB Quantum wire/dot modulators offer superior performance over their quantum well counterpart due to enhanced excitonic binding energy. This paper presents simulations on InGaAs-InP quantum wire Stark effect optical modulators showing a novel trend. While the excitonic binding energies and absorption coefficients increase as the width of the wire is decreased, the refractive index change Deltan is maximized at a wire width depending on the magnitude of the applied electric field. For example, Deltan is maximized at a width of about 100 Angstrom for an external electric field of 120kV/cm in an InGaAs quantum wire. This behavior is explained by considering the opposing effects of the wire width on binding energy and changes in the electron-hole overlap function in the presence of an external electric field. Practical InGaAs-InP modulators using V-groove structures are also presented. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10997 USA. Microsoft Corp, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Huang, W (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD JUL PY 2001 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1009 EP 1018 DI 10.1023/A:1014948004045 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 457UG UT WOS:000170154800005 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Rock, PB Muza, SR Lammi, E Braun, B Cymerman, A Moore, LG Lewis, SF AF Fulco, CS Rock, PB Muza, SR Lammi, E Braun, B Cymerman, A Moore, LG Lewis, SF TI Gender alters impact of hypobaric hypoxia on adductor pollicis muscle performance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE strength; endurance; muscle fatigue; exhaustion; oxidative capacity; altitude; small-muscle exercise; peak oxygen uptake ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXERCISE; FATIGUE; HUMANS; RESPONSES; ALTITUDE; CONTRACTIONS; PHOSPHATE; NERVE; AFFERENTS AB Recently, we reported that, at similar voluntary force development during static submaximal intermittent contractions of the adductor pollicis muscle, fatigue developed more slowly in women than in men under conditions of normobaric normoxia (NN) (Acta Physiol Scand 167: 233-239, 1999). We postulated that the slower fatigue of women was due, in part, to a greater capacity for muscle oxidative phosphorylation. The present study examined whether a gender difference in adductor pollicis muscle performance also exists during acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH; 4,300-m altitude). Healthy young men (n = 12) and women (n = 21) performed repeated static contractions at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of rested muscle for 5 s followed by 5 s of rest until exhaustion. MVC force was measured before and at the end of each minute of exercise and at exhaustion. Exhaustion was defined as an MVC force decline to 50% of that of rested muscle. For each gender, MVC force of rested muscle in HH was not significantly different from that in NN. MVC force tended to decline at a faster rate in HH than in NN for men but not for women. In both environments, MVC force declined faster (P < 0.01) for men than for women. For men, endurance time to exhaustion was shorter (P, 0.01) in HH than in NN [6.08 0.7 vs. 8.00 +/- 0.7 (SE) min]. However, for women, endurance time to exhaustion was similar (not significant) in HH (12.86 +/- 1.2 min) and NN (13.95 +/- 1.0 min). In both environments, endurance time to exhaustion was longer for women than for men (P, 0.01). Gender differences in the impact of HH on adductor pollicis muscle endurance persisted in a smaller number of men and women matched (n 5 4 pairs) for MVC force of rested muscle and thus on submaximal absolute force and, by inference, ATP demand in both environments. In contrast to gender differences in the impact of HH on small-muscle (adductor pollicis) exercise performance, peak O(2) uptake during large-muscle exercise was lower in HH than in NN by a similar (P > 0.05) percentage for men and women (-27.6 +/- 2 and -25.1 +/- 2%, respectively). Our findings are consistent with the postulate of a higher adductor pollicis muscle oxidative capacity in women than in men and imply that isolated performance of muscle with a higher oxidative capacity may be less impaired when the muscle is exposed to HH. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Fulco, CS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM charles.fulco@na.amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 91 IS 1 BP 100 EP 108 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 445RT UT WOS:000169471700014 PM 11408419 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Hymer, WC Deaver, DR Kraemer, WJ AF Nindl, BC Hymer, WC Deaver, DR Kraemer, WJ TI Growth hormone pulsatility profile characteristics following acute heavy resistance exercise SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunofunctional assay; somatotropin; strength training ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DAYTIME EXERCISE; BINDING-PROTEINS; SECRETION; SERUM; SOMATOSTATIN; INTENSITY; RELEASE; STRESS; MEN AB This investigation examined the hypothesis that acute heavy resistance exercise (AHRE) would increase overnight concentrations of circulating human growth hormone (hGH). Ten men (22 +/- 1 yr, 177 +/- 2 cm, 79 +/- 3 kg, 11 +/- 1% body fat) underwent two overnight blood draws sampled every 10 min from 1700 to 0600: a control and an AHRE condition. The AHRE was conducted from 1500 to 1700 and was a high-volume, multi-set exercise bout. Three different immunoassays measured hGH concentrations: the Nichols immunoradiometric assay (Nichols IRMA), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases radioimmunoassay (NIDDK RIA), and the Diagnostic Systems Laboratory immunofunctional assay (DSL IFA). The Pulsar peak detection system was used to evaluate the pulsatility profile characteristics of hGH. Maximum hGH was lower in the exercise (10.7 mug/l) vs. the control (15.4 mug/l) condition. Mean pulse amplitude was lower in the exercise vs. control condition when measured by the Nichols IRMA and the DSL IFA. A differential pattern of release was also observed after exercise in which hGH was lower in the first half of sleep but higher in the second half. We conclude that AHRE does influence the temporal pattern of overnight hGH pulsatility. Additionally, because of the unique molecular basis of the DSL IFA, this influence does have biological relevance because functionally intact molecules are affected. C1 Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Program Physiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Noll Lab, Gen Clin Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Ball State Univ, Human Performance Lab, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-10732] NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 91 IS 1 BP 163 EP 172 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 445RT UT WOS:000169471700022 PM 11408427 ER PT J AU Weyand, PG Kelly, M Blackadar, T Darley, JC Oliver, SR Ohlenbusch, NE Joffe, SW Hoyt, RW AF Weyand, PG Kelly, M Blackadar, T Darley, JC Oliver, SR Ohlenbusch, NE Joffe, SW Hoyt, RW TI Ambulatory estimates of maximal aerobic power from foot-ground contact times and heart rates in running humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerobic fitness index; oxygen pulse; cost coefficient; locomotion; running mechanics ID METABOLIC COST; FITNESS TEST; FORCE; EXERCISE; VO2MAX; AGE AB Seeking to develop a simple ambulatory test of maximal aerobic power ((V) over dot O-2 (max)), we hypothesized that the ratio of inverse foot-ground contact time (1/t(c)) to heart rate (HR) during steady-speed running would accurately predict (V) over dot O-2 (max). Given the direct relationship between 1/t(c) and mass-specific O-2 uptake during running, the ratio 1/t(c).HR should reflect mass-specific O-2 pulse and, in turn, aerobic power. We divided 36 volunteers into matched experimental and validation groups. (V) over dot O-2 (max) was determined by a treadmill test to volitional fatigue. Ambulatory monitors on the shoe and chest recorded foot-ground contact time (t(c)) and steady-state HR, respectively, at a series of submaximal running speeds. In the experimental group, aerobic fitness index (1/t(c).HR) was nearly constant across running speed and correlated with (V) over dot O-2 (max) (r = 0.90). The regression equation derived from data from the experimental group predicted (V) over dot O-2 (max) from the 1/t(c).HR values in the validation group within 8.3% and 4.7 ml O-2.kg(-1).min(-1) (r = 0.84) of measured values. We conclude that simultaneous measurements of foot-ground constant times and heart rates during level running at a freely chosen constant speed can provide accurate estimates of maximal aerobic power. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FitSense Technol Inc, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Concord Field Stn, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Weyand, PG (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 91 IS 1 BP 451 EP 458 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 445RT UT WOS:000169471700058 PM 11408463 ER PT J AU Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Lenz, DE Shih, TM AF Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Lenz, DE Shih, TM TI Protective action of the serine protease inhibitor N-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) against acute soman poisoning SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus; soman toxicity; serine protease inhibitor ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; RELEASE; PAF; BENZODIAZEPINES; EXPRESSION; TOXICITY; SEIZURE; DEATH; TPA AB Soman-poisoned rats display cholinergic crisis, a systemic mast cell degranulation characteristic of anaphylactic reactions and an excitotoxin-like sequential seizure and neuronal degeneration. The protection of guinea pigs from soman lethality by prophylactic administration of the serine protease inhibitor suramin suggests a possible proteolytic component in soman poisoning. The present study tested the effect of N-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), an inhibitor of trypsin-like serine proteases, on soman-induced toxic signs (convulsions, righting reflex) and survival time. Nine control guinea pigs receiving 2 X LD50 (56 mug kg(-1), s.c.) of soman immediately followed by a therapeutic dose of atropine sulfate (17.4 mg kg(-1) i.m.) experienced severe convulsions, and 8/9 lost the righting reflex. Six of these nine animals expired within 65 min; the three remaining animals survived 24 h to termination of the experiment. When a second group of animals were given TLCK (12 mg kg(-1), i.p.) 30 min prior to a 2 X LD50 soman challenge and atropine-sulfate therapy, 5/9 experienced convulsions and only 3/9 lost the righting reflex. All nine animals survived beyond 4 h, with six surviving to 24 h. Compared with soman controls, prophylaxis with TLCK significantly prevented the loss of righting reflex (P = 0.05) and enhanced 4-h survival (P = 0.005). Although, convulsions were reduced and 24-h survival was improved in TLCK-treated animals, these results were not statistically significant. The protection from soman toxicity by chemically distinct protease inhibitors such as suramin and TLCK suggests a role for pathological proteolytic pathways in soman intoxication. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Cowan, FM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1002/jat.757 PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 463TN UT WOS:000170493500008 PM 11481662 ER PT J AU Hamel, JKPKS Madsen, JD Getsinger, KD AF Hamel, JKPKS Madsen, JD Getsinger, KD TI The use of 2,4-D for selective control of an early infestation of Eurasian watermilfoil in Loon Lake, Washington SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic plants; herbicides; biomass; frequency; Myriophyllum spicatum L.; native plants ID MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM C1 Washington Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Minnesota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Trafton Sci Ctr S242, Mankato, MN 56001 USA. RP Hamel, JKPKS (reprint author), Washington Dept Ecol, MS 47710, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 39 BP 117 EP 125 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 556RY UT WOS:000175863800005 ER PT J AU Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD AF Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD TI Endothall species selectivity evaluation: Southern latitude aquatic plant community SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aquathol (R) K; endothall; Hydrilla verticillata; Vallisneria Americana; Potamogeton nodosus; Najas guadalupensis; Brasenia schreberi; Heteranthera dubia; Potamogeton illinoensis; Scirpus validus; Sagittaria latifolia; Nuphar luteum; Nymphaea odarata AB Species selectivity of the aquatic herbicide endothall as the formulation Aquathol(R) K was evaluated on a variety of plant species commonly found in southern latitude United States aquatic plant communities. Submersed species included hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle.], wild celery (Vallisneria americana L.), American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poiret), southern naiad [Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus], watershield (Brasenia schreberi J. F. Gmelin), water stargrass [Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MaCM.], and Illinois pondweed (Potamogeton illinoensis Morong.). Emergent species included soft-stem bulrush (Scirpus validus Vahl) and arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia Willd.), and floating-leaf species included spatterdock [Nuphar luteum (L.) Sibth. & Sm.], and fragrant waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Aiton). The study was conducted in outdoor mesocosm systems (860 to 7000 L tanks) at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Waterways Experiment Station, Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF) in Texas. The selectivity evaluations of submersed species were conducted in mesocosm tanks, and treatment rates included 0, 1, 2, and 5 mg/L active ingredient (ai) endothall with a 24 hour water flow-through half-life. Emergent species treatment rates included 0, 1, 2 and 5 mg/L ai endothall and a static water-flow exposure period of 120 hours. Floating-leaf treatment rates included 0, 1, 2, and 5 mg/L ai endothall and a static waterflow exposure period of 120 hours. Endothall was effective at controlling hydrilla at the 2 and 5 mg/L application rates, reducing the biomass by more than 90%, 6 weeks after treatment (WAT), with no regrowth observed. Wild celery and Illinois pondweed biomass were also significantly reduced following the endothall application at 1, 2 and 5 mg/L, but healthy, regrowth was observed by 6 WAT. American pondweed and southern naiad biomass was significantly reduced by more than 90% by 6 WAT, and no regrowth was measured. Watershield and water stargrass showed no effects from endothall application at 1, 2, and 5 mg/L, and growth was actually enhanced by reduced competition from invading annual species. Soft-stemmed bulrush also showed no effects from treatment with endothall. Biomass of arrowhead, spatterdock, and fragrant waterlily was significantly reduced at the 2 mg/L application rate, and plants were controlled at the 5 mg/L application rate. Because the emergent and floating-leaf evaluations were conducted under static water-flow conditions, these evaluations represented a worst case scenario, which may not be indicative of endothall use patterns under field conditions. These evaluations demonstrate the potential of using endothall to selectively control hydrilla in mixed-plant communities. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Skogerboe, JG (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, 1 Fish Hatchery Rd, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 39 BP 129 EP 135 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 556RY UT WOS:000175863800007 ER PT J AU Burch, HB Solomon, BL Cooper, DS Ferguson, P Walpert, N Howard, R AF Burch, HB Solomon, BL Cooper, DS Ferguson, P Walpert, N Howard, R TI The effect of antithyroid drug pretreatment on acute changes in thyroid hormone levels after (131)I ablation for Graves disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID RADIOIODINE THERAPY; HYPERTHYROIDISM; PROPYLTHIOURACIL; EFFICACY; STORM AB Acute changes in thyroid hormone levels before and after radio-iodine therapy for Graves' disease were compared in 42 patients randomized to receive either antithyroid drug pretreatment or no pretreatment. Five patients (11.9%), including 3 in the pretreatment arm and 2 in the no pretreatment arm experienced a late exacerbation of thyrotoxicosis after radioiodine therapy. The majority (19 of 21, 90.5%) of pretreated patients experienced a transient increase in free T(4) and free T(3) after discontinuation of antithyroid drugs, with little further elevation after radioiodine therapy. After stopping antithyroid drugs and before radioiodine administration, mean serum free T(4) values rose from 14.7 +/- 6.9 to 21.6 +/- 12.1 pmo/L, representing a 46.9% increase, whereas serum free T(3) levels rose from 4.9 +/- 1.7 to 8.1 +/- 6.3 pmol/L, representing a 65.3% increase. The average pretreated patient experienced a 52.4% increase [95% confidence inter-val (CI), +26.445 to +78.5% in free T(4) and a 61.8% increase (95% CI, +23.58 to +100.0%) in free T(3). Conversely, the majority (19 of 21, 90.5%) of nonpretreated patients experienced a rapid decline in thyroid hormone levels after radioiodine treatment. Over the 14 days after radioiodine therapy mean free T(4) values in nonpretreated patients fell from 8.5.8 +/- 60.4 to 58.0 +/- 76.5 pmol/L, representing a 32.4% decrease, whereas mean free T(3) levels fell from 16.1 +/- 8.0 to 10.8 +/- 11.1 pmol/L, representing a 32.9% decrease. The average nonpretreated patient experienced a 20.6% decrease (95% CI, -47.3% to +7.0%) in free T(4) and a 24.3% decrease (95% CI, -1.2% to -47.4%) in free T(3) during this time period. Excluding 2 patients with a late exacerbation after radioiodine, 19 nonpretreated patients experienced a decrease in mean free T(4) values from 76.8 +/- 46.6 to 36.6 +/- 19.8 pmol/L, representing a 52.3% decrease, whereas mean free T(3) levels fell from 15.5 +/- 7.7 to 7.8 +/- 3.6 pmol/L, representing-a 49.7% decrease. The average decrease in free T(4) levels among this subgroup of patients was 30.1% (95% CI, -4.6% to -55.6%), whereas the average decrease in free T(3) was 34.48 (95% CI, -13.7% to -55.1%). High levels of TSH receptor autoantibodies at diagnosis were associated with an acute worsening of thyrotoxicosis after stopping antithyroid drug pretreatment. We conclude that pretreatment with antithyroid drugs does not protect against worsening thyrotoxicosis after radioiodine, but may allow such patients to start from a lower baseline level should an aggravation in thyrotoxicosis occur; The findings support the recommendation that most patients with Graves' disease do not require antithyroid drug pretreatment before receiving radioiodine. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Sinai Hosp, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM henry.burch@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 86 IS 7 BP 3016 EP 3021 DI 10.1210/jc.86.7.3016 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 452BY UT WOS:000169838300019 PM 11443161 ER PT J AU Giltner, P AF Giltner, P TI The success of collaboration: Denmark's self-assessment of its economic position after five years of Nazi occupation SO JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY HISTORY LA English DT Article AB Although it is known that Germany exploited the countries it occupied during the second world war, Denmark was an exception. The low level of German exploitation in Denmark was acknowledged by the Danish government and leaders of industry, whose concerns during the last half of the occupation and immediately after lay not in overcoming any after-effects of German exploitation but rather in returning Denmark to the fold of world trade, traditionally very important to the Danish economy. It can be said that, in comparison to tis experience during the first world war, when the country was not occupied but was blockaded by the western Allies, Denmark fared better economically int he second world war when it was more prepared for the hardships it faced. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Giltner, P (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 0022-0094 J9 J CONTEMP HIST JI J. Contemp. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 36 IS 3 BP 485 EP 506 PG 22 WC History SC History GA 452DQ UT WOS:000169842200005 ER PT J AU Barrett, SF Wright, CHG Zwick, H Wilcox, M Rockwell, BA Naess, E AF Barrett, SF Wright, CHG Zwick, H Wilcox, M Rockwell, BA Naess, E TI Efficiently tracking a moving object in two-dimensional image space SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Process Imaging for Automatic Control CY NOV 05-06, 2000 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP SPIE, Virtual Ctr Ind Process Tomog, VCIPT AB A tracking algorithm has been developed to efficiently track a moving object in two-dimensional image space. The algorithm employs a limited exhaustive template matching scheme that combines the accuracy of an exhaustive search with the computational efficiency of a coarse-fine template matching scheme, The overall result is an accurate, time-efficient tracking algorithm. After providing a theoretical discussion of the algorithm, three separate biomedical applications of the algorithm are described. (1) stabilizing an irradiating laser on the retinal surface for photocoagulation treatment, (2) measuring target fixation eye movement to construct pattern densities at the retina, and (3) tracking a rat swimming in a Morris Water Maze for psychophysiological studies. Results for each application is provided, The paper concludes Vith a discussion of the relative merits of the tracking algorithm and recommendations for methods to improve the performance of the algorithm. (C) 2001 SPIE and IS&T. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Elect Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Elect Engn, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. USA, Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Opt Radiat Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Barrett, SF (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Elect Engn, POB 3295, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU I S & T - SOC IMAGING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 USA SN 1017-9909 J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD JUL PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3 BP 785 EP 793 DI 10.1117/1.1380202 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 467UA UT WOS:000170721100021 ER PT J AU Greer, BD West, LA Liewehr, FR Pashley, DH AF Greer, BD West, LA Liewehr, FR Pashley, DH TI Sealing ability of Dyract, Geristore, IRM, and Super-EBA as root-end filling materials SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the apical sealing ability of two compomers (Dyract and Geristore), IRM, and Super-EBA. Forty single canal roots from human teeth were instrumented until a size 40 file extended 1 mm beyond the apex. One millimeter of root apex was removed and a preparation 3-mm deep was prepared. Roots were divided into 4 groups of 10 roots each and filled with IRM, Super-EBA, Dyract, or Geristore. Canals were not obturated to ensure that any leakage was due to the apical filling material alone. Each root was then affixed to a fluid filtration device and subjected to a pressure of 14 cm of H2O, which has been determined to be the normal pulpal tissue pressure. The integrity of the seal was evaluated for 5 min at 1, 7, 30, and 180 days. Data were analyzed at each time point using one-way analysis of variance on ranks. The results of this study suggest that the new compomers Dyract and Geristore are equal or superior to IRM and equivalent to Super-EBA in their ability to reduce apical leakage when used as retrofilling materials. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP West, LA (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE06427] NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 27 IS 7 BP 441 EP 443 DI 10.1097/00004770-200107000-00001 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 446JH UT WOS:000169509800001 PM 11503991 ER PT J AU Schihl, P Schwarz, E Bryzik, W AF Schihl, P Schwarz, E Bryzik, W TI Performance characteristics of a low heat rejection direct-injection military diesel engine retrofitted with thermal barrier coated pistons SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A special two-cylinder. military specific power plant was employed to evaluate the effect of thermal barrier coated pistons on overall engine performance at simulated low heat rejection-type operating conditions. This study focused on three combustion systems including a noncoated baseline ductile ii-an piston along with zirconia and chrome-oxide sealed zirconia coated analogs. For the test matrix encompassing ten full and half-load operating conditions, both coated piston combustion systems yielded a detrimental effect on fuel economy in comparison to the baseline combustion system at constant fueling and air consumption rates. These performance differences were attributed to a combination of combustion phasing modulations, injection timing discrepancies, and sluggish combustion associated with the zirconia coated piston configurations. C1 USA, TACOM R&D Ctr, Prop Lab, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Schihl, P (reprint author), USA, TACOM R&D Ctr, Prop Lab, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2001 VL 123 IS 3 BP 644 EP 651 DI 10.1115/1.1370372 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 455XN UT WOS:000170053200023 ER PT J AU Alonso, C Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Kim, BR Kim, BJ AF Alonso, C Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Kim, BR Kim, BJ TI Mathematical model of biofiltration of VOCs: Effect of nitrate concentration and backwashing SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID TRICKLE-BED BIOFILTERS; BIOMASS ACCUMULATION; DYNAMIC-MODEL; GAS TREATMENT; REMOVAL; BIODEGRADATION; SYSTEMS; VAPOR AB The affect of nitrate concentration and reactor backwashing on biofilter performance is evaluated using a dynamic mathematical model of the biodegradation process of volatile organic compounds in a trickle bed biofilter packed with uniform synthetic solids. Experimental observations from a bench-scale biofilter system treating ether were used to develop and validate the model. Experience acquired in biofiltration of volatile organic compounds has demonstrated that although these two factors-nitrate and backwashing-are secondary when organic packing material is used, they are essential when the packing media is synthetic. The operation of a synthetic media packed reactor requires the addition of nutrients necessary for biodegradation. Since nitrate was utilized as the nitrogen source in this system, it was included in the model as a limiting substrate (nutrient). A negative affect of excessive accumulation of biomass in the reactor on biofilter performance has also been observed in highly loaded synthetic media biofilters. This problem was solved by removing excessive biomass via full media fluidization and backwashing of the reactor. The affect of periodic backwashing was included in the model as a reduction in the biofilm thickness and a new approach to calculate the reactor specific surface area after backwashing. The unknown model parameters that correspond to nitrate limitations were estimated. The mathematical model was then used for simulation and analyses of the affect of these two factors on the biodegradation process. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Ford Res Lab, Dept Chem, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2001 VL 127 IS 7 BP 655 EP 664 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2001)127:7(655) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 443MR UT WOS:000169345400013 ER PT J AU Hodson, TJ Englander, F Englander, V AF Hodson, TJ Englander, F Englander, V TI AmI my brother's (or customer's or tenant's) keeper? Economic and ethical aspects to the California Supreme Court's struggle with the issue of landowner's standard of care SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Forensic-Sciences CY FEB 17-22, 1997 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Acad Forens Sci DE forensic science; ethics; standard of care; economic efficiency; landowner's liability ID CRIME; LAW AB The Supreme Court of California has ruled on several cases involving the question of to what extent a possessor of land is liable for the harm to customers or tenants occurring when a third parry commits a criminal act against the, customers or tenants present on the land. This paper reviews the historical development of this aspect of negligence law and analyzes the ethical and economic efficiency implications of ascribing legal responsibility for such crimes to: a)local government, b) the possessor of land, c) the customer, and d) the criminal. For example, is there an effort by the judicial system to substitute deterrence from criminal acts provided by possessors of land (i.e., specific deterrence) for the general deterrence traditionally provided through the use of police powers by local government? Analysis indicates that specific deterrence may be more effective in changing the location of criminal acts than in reducing the level of criminal activities. Also, the expense of complying with the legal responsibilities of protecting customers and clients may be especially high in high-crime, low-income areas, thus forcing commercial establishments to move or go out of business. Thus, we have a troubling tradeoff: compensating individual crime victims in a high-crime area could ultimately deprive the residents of basic economic opportunities. C1 Fairleigh Dickinson Univ, Dept Econ, Madison, NJ 07940 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New York, NY USA. St Johns Univ, Dept Econ, Staten Isl, NY USA. RP Englander, F (reprint author), Fairleigh Dickinson Univ, Dept Econ, 285 Madison Ave, Madison, NJ 07940 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 46 IS 4 BP 986 EP 993 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 449LV UT WOS:000169686800042 PM 11451092 ER PT J AU Stuart, JEB Smith, AC AF Stuart, JEB Smith, AC TI Plasmacytoma of the superficial radial nerve SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE tumor; nerve; surgery; limb ID SOLITARY PLASMACYTOMA; EXTRAMEDULLARY PLASMACYTOMA; BONE; ENTITIES; MYELOMA AB We report a case of a solitary plasmacytoma involving the superficial radial nerve. Copyright (C) 2001 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hand Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stuart, JEB (reprint author), W End Orthopaed Clin, 5899 Bremo Rd, Richmond, VA 23226 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 26A IS 4 BP 776 EP 780 DI 10.1053/jhsu.2001.24974 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 454QN UT WOS:000169983400029 PM 11466657 ER PT J AU McDonald, RA Chang, G Michael, NL AF McDonald, RA Chang, G Michael, NL TI Relationship between V3 genotype, biologic phenotype, tropism, and coreceptor use for primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE coreceptor; V3 loop; DNA sequencing; biologic phenotype ID SYNCYTIUM-INDUCING PHENOTYPE; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HIV TYPE-1; DISEASE PROGRESSION; MACROPHAGE TROPISM; SEQUENCE VARIATION; ACID-SEQUENCE; MT-2 CELLS; IN-VIVO; ENVELOPE AB Objectives: The predictive value of positively charged amino acids at positions 11 and 25 within the V3 loop region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope gene for the syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype was assessed. Study Design/Methods: Sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MCs) and complementary DNA (cDNA) prepared from serial viral isolates from 10 HIV-1-seropositive subjects. Proviral DNA sequencing was also performed on biologic clones from most of these subjects. Results: Positive charge at position 11 and/or 25 in 257 isolate cDNA, PBMC DNA, and biologic clone PBMC DNA sequences was compared with 69 phenotypic determinations, of which 62.3% were SL V3 genotype was 51.2% sensitive and 85.8% specific for the SI phenotype, with positive and negative predictive values of 62.8% and 79.0%, respectively. Cellular tropism failed to correlate with V3 genotype, coreceptor use, or biologic phenotype. Exclusive use of CCR5 was associated with the nonsyncytium-inducing (NSI) phenotype. Overall, V3 loop charge was higher in SI than in NSI isolates (5.01 and 3.78, respectively; p = 0.0211). Conclusions: The predictive power of SI phenotype from V3 genotype is relatively weak, especially in a low SI prevalence population. The direct measurement of viral phenotype, cellular tropism, and coreceptor use in HIV-1 isolates is essential for accurate biologic characterization. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1090-9508 J9 J HUMAN VIROL JI J. Human Virol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 4 IS 4 BP 179 EP 187 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 494WK UT WOS:000172308700001 PM 11694845 ER PT J AU Parchure, TM McAnally, WH Teeter, AM AF Parchure, TM McAnally, WH Teeter, AM TI Desktop method for estimating vessel-induced sediment suspension SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Riverbank erosion involves engineering and environmental concerns. Among several dominant mechanisms of riverbank erosion, navigation effects caused by the passage of vessels are quite important. Field data indicate that large vessels generate large drawdown and small wave heights, whereas small vessels such as pleasure craft generate small drawdown and large wave heights. Passage of both types of Vessels may result in bank erosion and a substantial increase in suspended-sediment concentration. Since comprehensive numerical modeling is time-consuming, a desktop computational approach has been offered that helps in providing preliminary answers to several questions related to vessel-induced sediment resuspension. Due to the uncertainties inherent in sediment calculations, order-of-magnitude values are often adequate for decision making. A preliminary assessment of possible impact on vegetation or benthic organisms can then be made based on this information. PC-based FORTRAN programs were developed for (1) computation of time series of vessel-induced waves; (2) erosion and deposition of cohesive sediment under waves and nearshore currents; and (3) computation of noncohesive suspended-sediment concentration caused by river current alone. An application to the Upper Mississippi River Navigation Study is presented. The riverbank sediments were labeled as soft, medium, and hard using their erodibility characteristics. Three water depths (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m) were considered. Vessel-induced wave heights ranged from 10 to 60 cm. The maximum concentrations were obtained in 0.5 m water depth with a wave height of 30 cm and in 1.0 m depth with a wave height of 60 cm. The estimated maximum concentrations were 1,463, 56, and 4 mg/L for soft, medium, and hard beds, respectively. Such results will be useful for preliminary assessment of relative impact of increased barge traffic in the river and identification of potential areas along the, riverbanks that are likely to be sensitive from the point of view of environmental considerations. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Parchure, TM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2001 VL 127 IS 7 BP 577 EP 587 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2001)127:7(577) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 443MU UT WOS:000169345600006 ER PT J AU Ran, SF Zong, XH Fang, DF Hsiao, BS Chu, B Cunniff, PM Phillips, RA AF Ran, SF Zong, XH Fang, DF Hsiao, BS Chu, B Cunniff, PM Phillips, RA TI Studies of the mesophase development in polymeric fibers during deformation by synchrotron SAXS/WAXD SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Polymer Fibres CY JUL, 2000 CL MANCHESTER, ENGLAND ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE; SMECTIC POLYPROPYLENE; DYNAMIC STRUCTURE; POLY(P-PHENYLENETEREPHTHALAMIDE); MORPHOLOGY; ANGLE; STATE AB On-line structural and morphological studies on Kevlar 49 and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fibers during deformation were carried out using synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). A novel image analysis method was used to extract quantitative fractions of the crystal phase, the amorphous phase and a "mesomorphic" (intermediate) phase from two-dimensional (2D) WAXD patterns. Results showed that about 20 wt% in the Kevlar 49 fiber had an intermediate mesophase morphology. The transitions between crystal phase, amorphous phase and mesophase were not obvious during deformation of Kevlar 49 fiber at room temperatures. 2D SAXS patterns indicated that the superstructure of the Kevlar 49 fiber was fibril in nature. 2D WAXD results of iPP fibers showed that the alpha -form crystals were quite defective in the initial state and were converted to the well-known mesomorphic form by drawing at room temperatures. The mesophase in Kevlar 49 fibers was then compared with that in iPP fibers. The shape of one-dimensional equatorial peak of the mesophase in the iPP fiber was similar to that in the Kevlar fiber, indicating that the mesophase in both iPP and Kevlar fibers could be similar in some aspects of molecular arrangement. Corresponding 2D SAXS patterns showed that there was no obvious long period in the mesophase of the drawn iPP fiber. We speculate that the constituents of the mesomorphic fraction extracted in the drawn iPP fibers may consist of partially oriented bundles of helical chains with random helical hands as well as oriented chains with no helical structures (consisting of stereo/tacticity defects). The latter is similar to the mesophase of rigid chains in Kevlar fibers, consisting of only oriented chains with no helical structures. (C) 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Montell Polyolefins, Ctr Res & Dev, Elkton, MD 21921 USA. RP Chu, B (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 33 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 36 IS 13 BP 3071 EP 3077 DI 10.1023/A:1017953412385 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 443DL UT WOS:000169325100002 ER PT J AU Kollars, TM Kengluecha, A AF Kollars, TM Kengluecha, A TI Spotted fever group Rickettsia in Dermacentor variabilis (Acari : Ixodidae) infesting raccoons (Carnivora : Procyonidae) and opossums (Marsupialia : Didelphimorphidae) in Tennessee SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE American dog tick; raccoon; opossum; Rickettsia; polymerase chain reaction ID SIZED WILD MAMMALS; TICKS ACARI; CONNECTICUT AB Spotted fever group Rickettsia were present in 13 of 1,171 (1.1%) of adult Dermacentor variabilis Say removed from raccoons (Procyon lotor L.) and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana Kerr) in western Tennessee. Spotted fever group Rickettsia were detected by amplification of a 617-bp segment of the citrate synthase gene by polymerase chain reaction. C1 USA, Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kollars, TM (reprint author), USA, Entomol Sci Programs, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 4 BP 601 EP 602 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.4.601 PG 2 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 451VT UT WOS:000169823600020 PM 11476343 ER PT J AU Stopa, PJ Mastromanolis, SA AF Stopa, PJ Mastromanolis, SA TI The use of blue-excitable nucleic-acid dyes for the detection of bacteria in well water using a simple field fluorometer and a flow cytometer SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE flow cytometry; YOYO-1; YOPRO-1; nucleic acid specific dyes; water analysis ID ACRIDINE-ORANGE; DIFFERENTIAL FLUORESCENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRINKING-WATER; DNA; POPULATIONS AB The blue-excitable nucleic acid dyes Coriphosphine O (CPO), YOYO-1, and YOPRO-1 were evaluated to rapidly detect the presence of bacteria in well water samples using a simple field fluorometer (Turner Designs, Sunnyvale, CA: Model 10-AU-005) and a tabletop flow cytometer (Coulter Epics XL). The dyes were first titrated on the Turner Designs Model IO-AU field fluorometer with log-fold dilutions of Esherichia coli, since this organism is the indicator organism for water contamination. A detection limit of 10(4) Colony Forming Units per mi (CFU/ml) was established for YOPRO-1 and 10(5) CFU/ml for YOYO-1. The detection limit with CPO was determined to be 10(7) CFU/ml due to the high background fluorescence of the dye. The dyes were also evaluated with ragweed pollen to gauge the effect of a biological interferent. Ten well-water samples were subsequently analyzed using the technique. The results showed that only YOYO-1 correctly detected all the samples that were positive according to the reference laboratory. YOPRO-1 correctly detected only one of four positive samples. Analysis with the CPO dye was inconclusive due to high background fluorescence. The samples were then subjected to analysis on the flow cytometer, Results obtained with YOYO-1 compared well to those obtained on the fluorometer and by the reference techniques. YOPRO-1 performed better on the flow cytometer than with the simple fluorometer, correctly detecting three of four positive samples. Although the CPO results showed a very slight increase of green fluorescence with positive samples, they were largely indistinguishable from negative samples. This study suggests YOYO-1 could be useful with either a simple fluorometer or with a tabletop flow cytometer in screening water samples for the presence of bacterial contamination. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Engn Directorate, AMSSB,REN,E,MC,E3549, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Stopa, PJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Engn Directorate, AMSSB,REN,E,MC,E3549, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Peter.Stopa@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUL PY 2001 VL 45 IS 3 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.1016/S0167-7012(01)00252-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 436PV UT WOS:000168945000001 PM 11348672 ER PT J AU Bernstein, L AF Bernstein, L TI Warfare in Chinese history SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Ctr Hist Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bernstein, L (reprint author), Combined Arms Ctr Hist Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 776 EP 777 DI 10.2307/2677535 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 445EW UT WOS:000169446000009 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI War and society in medieval and early modern Britain SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 783 EP 783 DI 10.2307/2677540 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 445EW UT WOS:000169446000014 ER PT J AU Donnelly, WM AF Donnelly, WM TI Minuteman: The military career of General Robert S. Beightler SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Us Army Ctr Military Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Donnelly, WM (reprint author), Us Army Ctr Military Hist, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 837 EP 838 DI 10.2307/2677586 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 445EW UT WOS:000169446000061 ER PT J AU Hammond, WM AF Hammond, WM TI Secrets of victory: The office of censorship and the American press and radio in World War II SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Ctr Military Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Hammond, WM (reprint author), US Army Ctr Military Hist, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 840 EP 841 DI 10.2307/2677589 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 445EW UT WOS:000169446000064 ER PT J AU Aimone, A AF Aimone, A TI Historical dictionary of the US Army SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Aimone, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 872 EP 873 DI 10.2307/2677614 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 445EW UT WOS:000169446000089 ER PT J AU Stiles, KP Hill, C LeBrun, C Reinmuth, B Yuan, CM Abbott, KC AF Stiles, KP Hill, C LeBrun, C Reinmuth, B Yuan, CM Abbott, KC TI The impact of bleeding times on major complication rates after percutaneous real-time ultrasound-guided renal biopsies SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE renal biopsy; bleeding time; risk; real-time ultrasound guidance; spring loaded biopsy needle; complications ID DISEASES; PATIENT; KIDNEY AB Background. Previous studies have shown that bleeding times have positive predictive values of only 5% for perioperative bleeding in unselected populations. Nevertheless, performing bleeding times prior to all renal biopsies is common in nephrology practice. Methods. We report complications of 112 renal biopsies done at Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) from 1996-99 performed without preceding bleeding times. Renal biopsies were done only on normotensive (<140/90) patients who had not recently been taking aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, under real-time ultrasound guidance with automated 16 g (WRAMC) spring-loaded guns. High-risk patients (with serum creatinine 3 mg/dl or creatinine clearance less than or equal to 30 cc/min by Cockroft-Gault formula, N=18, 16%) at WRAMC were treated with pre-renal biopsy estrogens or DDAVP. Factors were tested for their association with complications after renal biopsy using Chi Square testing for categorical variables and student's t-test for continuous variables. A stepwise logistic regression model was used to test for independent significance of factors. Results. There were two cases each of gross hematuria and inadequate tissue (1.8% each). There were no transfusions or deaths. In univariate analysis, male gender and lower serum creatinine level at time of biopsy were significantly associated with increased risk of complications after biopsy. However, these factors were not significant in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion. This study suggests that the use of bleeding times does not significantly alter the major complication rates associated with percutaneous real-time ultrasound guided renal biopsy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NIH, Minor Organ Tissue Transplant Educ Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 275 EP 279 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 458XD UT WOS:000170220000007 PM 11506250 ER PT J AU Pugia, ML Middel, CJ Seward, SW Pollock, JL Hall, RC Lowe, L Mahony, L Henderson, NE AF Pugia, ML Middel, CJ Seward, SW Pollock, JL Hall, RC Lowe, L Mahony, L Henderson, NE TI Comparison of acute swelling and function in subjects with lateral ankle injury SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale; foot and ankle ability index; swelling; weight-bearing status ID INTERMITTENT PNEUMATIC COMPRESSION; FOOT FUNCTION INDEX; RELIABILITY; SPRAINS; PAIN AB Study Design: Prospective correlational study involving a convenience sample. Objectives: To investigate the relationships among figure-of-eight girth measurements and functional level in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains to determine the appropriate use of these clinical measures. Background: Research has shown that subjective scales of perceived athletic ability and measurements of swelling are useful in assessing clinical improvement following an acute ankle sprain; however, the relationship between ankle swelling and level of function is not known. Methods and Measures: Twenty-nine subjects (20 men, 9 women) varying in age from 18-59 years of age (mean age, 30.8 +/- 11.37) with acute lateral ankle sprains were included in this study. Each subject was evaluated by 1 of 3 raters for ankle girth, weight-bearing status, and functional level as determined by a modified Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) and the Foot and Ankle Ability Index (FAAI). This Study also investigated the relationship between these measures and the sport subscale of the FAAI (FAAI sport). This is an 8-item subscale which includes questions on running, jumping, landing, quick starts and stops, cutting or lateral movements, low impact activities, ability to perform an activity with normal technique, and ability to participate in desired sports. Results: No significant correlations were found between figure-of-eight girth measurements and functional level. However, we did find moderate to good correlations between the FAAI vs. weight-bearing (rho = 0.73), FAAI vs. AOS (rho = -0.79), FAAI sport vs. weight-bearing (rho = 0.68, FAAI vs. FAAI Sport (rho = 0.73), weight-bearing vs. AOS (rho = -0.57), and FAAI Sport vs. AOS (rho = -0.50). Conclusions: The figure-of-eight method is highly reliable and is appropriate for measuring ankle swelling; however, it does not correlate with functional level as determined by the modified AOS, FAAI, or observed weight-bearing status during gait. Therefore, clinicians should refrain from making assumptions about function based on ankle swelling. C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Pugia, ML (reprint author), 16505 Cantera Pkwy 517, San Antonio, TX 78256 USA. EM mlp16@mindspring.com NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 7 BP 384 EP 388 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 447TH UT WOS:000169588200010 PM 11451309 ER PT J AU Schreiber, BC Philp, RP Benali, S Helman, ML de la Pena, JA Marfil, R Landais, P Cohen, AD Kendall, CGSC AF Schreiber, BC Philp, RP Benali, S Helman, ML de la Pena, JA Marfil, R Landais, P Cohen, AD Kendall, CGSC TI Characterisation of organic matter formed in hypersaline carbonate/evaporite environments: Hydrocarbon potential and biomarkers obtained through artificial maturation studies SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROUS PYROLYSIS; EVAPORITIC ENVIRONMENTS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; SOUTHEASTERN SPAIN; MAHAKAM DELTA; SOURCE ROCKS; LORCA BASIN; SEDIMENTS; SULFUR; GENERATION AB Sediments deposited under hypersaline conditions, particularly those laid down in the transition zone between marine carbonates and evaporites, are increasingly recognised as a potential source for oil. Recent environments that lie in waters with elevated salinities are sites of very high biological productivity that can be used as models for evaporite related sedimentation in the geological record. Of particular importance is the range of elevated salinities well above the range for normal marine biota, in which organic-rich cyanobacterial carbonates form and accumulate in large quantities. Such organic matter collected from a number of modern evaporative settings has been examined in terms of oil potential and for biomarkers characteristic of hypersaline environments. The regions studied include marine-fed salinas (Santa Pola, Spain); marine-fed sabkhas (Abu Dhabi, UAE), and continental ponds and lakes (La Mancha region, Spain). High values of H/C ratio and HI demonstrate the oil source potential of this organic matter. The hydrocarbons generated during artificial maturation of these immature sediments resemble those naturally, occurring in ancient petroleum-generating evaporitic systems. Variations in the total extracts, saturare, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene fractions evolve to an oil-like composition. Similarly, the distributions of n-alkanes, hopanoids, and steroids evolve progressively to those typically found in crude oils from evaporitic environments. The most relevant biomarkers, such as gammacerane, 2,6,10-7-(3-methylbutyl)-dodecane, C-20-isoprenoid thiophenes or chromans characteristic of hypersalinity as previously described in the literature, are not always originally present in the environments studied, and their distribution can be affected by both maturation and the mineral matrix. Therefore caution should be exercised when using these biomarkers to assess ancient environments of deposition in terms of salinity. C1 Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. CUNY Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. USA, Corps Engn, New York, NY 10278 USA. Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Ciencies Geol, Dept Petrol & Geoquim, Madrid 28040, Spain. Univ Henri Poincare, UMR G2R, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. Univ S Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Schreiber, BC (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, 195 Rankin Sci Bldg, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM geologo@aol.com NR 69 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0141-6421 J9 J PETROL GEOL JI J. Pet. Geol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3 BP 309 EP 338 DI 10.1111/j.1747-5457.2001.tb00677.x PG 30 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 466RY UT WOS:000170660300004 ER PT J AU Srinivas, NKMN Rao, SV Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BK Nakashima, M Decristofano, BS Rao, DN AF Srinivas, NKMN Rao, SV Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BK Nakashima, M Decristofano, BS Rao, DN TI Wavelength dependent studies of nonlinear absorption in zinc meso-tetra(p-methoxyphenyl)tetrabenzoporphyrin (Znmp TBP) using Z-scan technique SO JOURNAL OF PORPHYRINS AND PHTHALOCYANINES LA English DT Article DE Z-scan technique; porphyrins; excited state absorption; two-photon absorption; optical limiting ID REVERSE-SATURABLE ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-LIMITING PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATE ABSORPTION; DOPED SOL-GELS; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; C-60; PORPHYRINS; 3RD-ORDER; POLYMER; PHTHALOCYANINES AB We report here, our experimental results and theoretical analysis of the dispersion data of nonlinear absorption in zinc meso-tetra-(p-methoxyphenyl)tetrabenzoporphyrin (ZnmpTBP). Using a ns optical parametric oscillator (OPO) we obtain the open aperture Z-scan data over the visible region starting from 480 nm to 600 nm. We use a more general five-level model for evaluating the excited state parameters like excited state absorption coefficients, two-photon absorption coefficient, etc. Due to its large excited state absorption cross-sections this material acts as a very good candidate for a broadband optical limiter in the visible region. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Hyderabad, Sch Phys, Hyderabad 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RP Rao, DN (reprint author), Univ Hyderabad, Sch Phys, Hyderabad 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM dnrsp@uohyd.ernet.in RI Soma, Venugopal Rao/B-2651-2008; Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 OI Soma, Venugopal Rao/0000-0001-5361-7256; NR 57 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU WORLD SCI PUBL CO INC PI HACKENSACK PA 27 WARREN ST, STE 401-402, HACKENSACK, NJ 07601 USA SN 1088-4246 EI 1099-1409 J9 J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA JI J. Porphyr. Phthalocyanines PD JUL PY 2001 VL 5 IS 7 BP 549 EP 554 DI 10.1002/jpp.357 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 444HT UT WOS:000169394600001 ER PT J AU Hamlen, R Au, G Brundage, M Hendrickson, M Plichta, E Slane, S Barbarello, J AF Hamlen, R Au, G Brundage, M Hendrickson, M Plichta, E Slane, S Barbarello, J TI US Army portable power programs SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 28-JUN 02, 2000 CL COMO, ITALY DE US Army; portable power programs; Land Warrior AB This paper describes the recent US Army battery and charger programs aimed at providing Lighter, large-size communications-type primary and rechargeable batteries that operate over a wide temperature range. It also discusses recent programs aimed at providing for forward charging of batteries, both in vehicles and with systems suitable for a foot soldier. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, CECOM C2D, AMSEL RD C2 AP, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Hamlen, R (reprint author), USA, CECOM C2D, AMSEL RD C2 AP, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUL PY 2001 VL 97-8 SI SI BP 22 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00582-1 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 452AY UT WOS:000169836000005 ER PT J AU Chung, SH Wang, Y Persi, L Croce, F Greenbaum, SG Scrosati, B Plichta, E AF Chung, SH Wang, Y Persi, L Croce, F Greenbaum, SG Scrosati, B Plichta, E TI Enhancement of ion transport in polymer electrolytes by addition of nanoscale inorganic oxides SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY MAY 28-JUN 02, 2000 CL COMO, ITALY DE nanocomposite polymer electrolyte; nuclear magnetic resonance; enhanced cation transpost AB The effect of addition of nanoparticle inorganic oxides to poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) complexed with LiClO4 on cation transport properties has been explored by electrochemical and Li-7 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. The presence of the nanoparticles generally increases the ionic conductivity and the cation transference number, the effect being greatest for TiO2. The enhancement in cation transference number is directly correlated with increased Li diffusivity measured by NMR. The NMR results also demonstrate that the increased ionic conductivity is not attributable to a corresponding increase in polymer segmental motion, but more likely a weakening of the polyether-cation association induced by the nanoparticles. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Chim, I-00185 Rome, Italy. USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Chung, SH (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. RI Croce, Fausto/J-8193-2012 NR 7 TC 162 Z9 167 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUL PY 2001 VL 97-8 SI SI BP 644 EP 648 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00748-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 452AY UT WOS:000169836000154 ER PT J AU Gandolfo, A AF Gandolfo, A TI Motivating students for life-long learning: Developing metacognition SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Ctr Teaching Excellence, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Gandolfo, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Ctr Teaching Excellence, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 93 EP 97 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2001)127:3(93) PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 444GR UT WOS:000169392200001 ER PT J AU Keesee, SM Cameron, SM Lefler, TB AF Keesee, SM Cameron, SM Lefler, TB TI Use of a wire wheel lathe attachment in the dental laboratory SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Cameron, SM (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 86 IS 1 BP 100 EP 100 DI 10.1067/mpr.2001.115536 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 457ZG UT WOS:000170168400014 PM 11458269 ER PT J AU Halvorson, JJ McCool, DK King, LG Gatto, LW AF Halvorson, JJ McCool, DK King, LG Gatto, LW TI Soil compaction and over-winter changes to tracked-vehicle ruts, Yakima Training Center, Washington SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE tank ruts; soil compaction; profile-meter; saturated hydraulic conductivity; penetrometer; bulk density; Yakima Training Center ID BULK-DENSITY; FREEZE-THAW; STRENGTH; PENETROMETER; TILLAGE; GROWTH; LOAM AB We monitored two experimental areas at the Yakima Training Center (YTC) in central Washington to measure changes to M1A2 Abrams (Ml) rank-rut surface geometry and in- and out-of-rut saturated hydraulic conductivity (k(fs)), soil penetration resistance (SPR) and soil bulk density (BD). Profile-meter data show that rut cross-sectional profiles smoothed significantly and that turning ruts did so more than straight ruts. Rut edges were zones of erosion and sidewall bases were zones of deposition. K-fs values were similar in and out of ruts formed on soil with 0-50% moisture by volume, but were lower in ruts formed on soil with about 15% water. Mean SPR was similar in and out of ruts from 0- to 5-cm depth. increased to 2 MPa outside ruts acid 4 MPa inside ruts at 10- to 15-cm depth, and decreased by 10-38%; outside ruts and by 39-48% inside ruts at the 30-cm depth. Soil ED was similar in and out of ruts from 0- to 2.5-cm depth, and below 2.5 cm, it was generally higher in ruts formed on moist soil with highest values between 10- and 20-cm depth. Conversely, ED in ruts formed on dry soil was similar to out-or-rut ED at all depths. This information is important for determining impacts of tank ruts on watts infiltration and soil erosion and for modifying the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) models to more accurately predict soil losses on army training lands. (C) 2001 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USDA ARS, Lang Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Res & Engn Directorate, Geol Sci Div, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Halvorson, JJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 133 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0022-4898(00)00017-3 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 428XK UT WOS:000168486800002 ER PT J AU Fradkin, JM Braniecki, AM Craig, TM Ramiro-Ibanez, F Rogers, KS Zoran, DL AF Fradkin, JM Braniecki, AM Craig, TM Ramiro-Ibanez, F Rogers, KS Zoran, DL TI Elevated parathyroid hormone-related protein and hypercalcemia in two dogs with schistosomiasis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID METABOLITE-MEDIATED HYPERCALCEMIA; VITAMIN-D; DISSEMINATED HISTOPLASMOSIS; HUMORAL HYPERCALCEMIA; SARCOIDOSIS; MALIGNANCY; PEPTIDE; TISSUES; CALCIUM AB Two adult dogs were evaluated for hypercalcemia. Diagnostic evaluation identified elevated parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and presumptive humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. At necropsy, schistosomiasis was diagnosed. North American schistosomiasis is caused by Heterobilharzia americana. Clinical findings may include dermatitis, coughing, diarrhea, and anorexia. Clinicopathological findings may include hypercalcemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, and eosinophilia. Diagnosis by fecal examination is difficult. Praziquantel or fenbendazole treatment may be curative or palliative. These are the first reported cases of hypercalcemia with elevated PTHrP in animals without diagnosed malignancy. Elevation of PTHrP has not been previously reported in hypercalcemic humans or in animals with granulomatous inflammation. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Vet Corps, DOD Mil Working Dog Vet Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Fradkin, JM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOC PI LAKEWOOD PA PO BOX 150899, LAKEWOOD, CO 80215-0899 USA SN 0587-2871 J9 J AM ANIM HOSP ASSOC JI J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 BP 349 EP 355 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 450NE UT WOS:000169749400008 PM 11450835 ER PT J AU Curtiss, G Vanderploeg, RD Spencer, J Salazar, AM AF Curtiss, G Vanderploeg, RD Spencer, J Salazar, AM TI Patterns of verbal learning and memory in traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE TBI; memory deficits; consolidation; retention; retrieval; CVLT ID EPISODIC MEMORY; RETRIEVAL; COMA AB CVLT and WMS-R Digit Span variables were used to calculate indexes of seven specific short- and long-term memory processes: working memory span and central executive functions, and long-term memory encoding, consolidation, retention. retrieval, control abilities. Scores on these indexes were then cluster-analyzed to determine whether subtypes of memory performance exist that correspond to deficits in these theoretical memory constructs. Parallel analyses were conducted with two large samples (N = 150 and N = 151) of individuals who had sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Findings showed that TBI results in subgroups of memory disorders with specific deficits in consolidation, retention, and retrieval processes. Control problems (keeping track of list versus non-list items) only appeared in conjunction with retrieval deficits. Working memory span and central executive functioning (i.e., the ability to manipulate information in working memory) do not appear to be deficits characteristic of TBI as no such clusters emerged in the analyses. By using specific indexes of memory processes, and in contrast to previous studies, patterns of memory dysfunction were found that correspond to deficits in theoretically meaningful memory constructs. C1 James A Haley Vet Adm Med Ctr, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Curtiss, G (reprint author), James A Haley Vet Adm Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil 117,13000 N Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. NR 35 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 7 IS 5 BP 574 EP 585 DI 10.1017/S1355617701755051 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 451XM UT WOS:000169827900005 PM 11459109 ER PT J AU Lubyshev, D Liu, WK Stewart, TR Cornfeld, AB Fang, XM Xu, X Specht, P Kisielowski, C Naidenkova, M Goorsky, MS Whelan, CS Hoke, WE Marsh, PF Millunchick, JM Svensson, SP AF Lubyshev, D Liu, WK Stewart, TR Cornfeld, AB Fang, XM Xu, X Specht, P Kisielowski, C Naidenkova, M Goorsky, MS Whelan, CS Hoke, WE Marsh, PF Millunchick, JM Svensson, SP TI Strain relaxation and dislocation filtering in metamorphic high electron mobility transistor structures grown on GaAs substrates SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (NAMBE-19) CY OCT 15-18, 2000 CL ARIZONA STATE UNIV, TEMPE, ARIZONA HO ARIZONA STATE UNIV ID BUFFER LAYERS AB Plastic relaxation in metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (MHEMT) structures was investigated by x-ray reciprocal mapping and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). X-ray data indicates that In(Ga)AlAs M buffers with a linearly graded buffer and an inverse step are completely strain compensated at the buffer-active area interface. HRTEM shows reduction of dislocation density from 10(9) to 10(6) cm(-2) through the M buffer. Optimized MHEMT structures were found to exhibit low rms roughness of around 2 nm and excellent electrical transport properties. MHEMT devices with 0.15 mum gates were fabricated with a transconductance of 710 mS/mm, maximum current of 500 mA/mm, and gate-drain breakdown of 6.6 V. A maximum f(t) value of 118 GHz and a maximum rf gain of 18 dB at 10 GHz were measured at a drain current of 200 mA/mm. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Raytheon Microelect Ctr, Andover, MA 01810 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 49109 USA. USA, Res Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Lubyshev, D (reprint author), IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM dloubychev@iqep.com NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1510 EP 1514 DI 10.1116/1.1376384 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 465PD UT WOS:000170598400070 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Crumbling empire: The German defeat in the East, 1944. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 126 IS 12 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 448NB UT WOS:000169632000187 ER PT J AU Parker, MW Fuller, GF Koenig, HG Bellis, JM Vaitkus, MA Barko, WF Eitzen, J AF Parker, MW Fuller, GF Koenig, HG Bellis, JM Vaitkus, MA Barko, WF Eitzen, J TI Soldier and family wellness across the life course: A developmental model of successful aging, spirituality, and health promotion, Part II SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; SMOKING-CESSATION; OLDER-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; SELF-CHANGE; US ADULTS; RELIGION; DEPRESSION; ASSOCIATION AB As an alternative to the current Department of Defense approach to health promotion and related research, which is critiqued in Part I of this article, the authors present a new, integrative health promotion and wellness model. This age-graded model incorporates successful aging, targeted health promotion, and spirituality in the context of the developmental perspective provided by life course constructs. By using an age-graded, multidisciplinary system of assessment, intervention, and follow-up in the context of preparing military personnel and families for the next season of life, this model advocates the prevention of disease and disability, active engagement with life, the maximization of high cognitive and physical functioning, and positive spirituality. Preliminary, selected illustrations from a variation of this model at the U.S. Army War College are provided. Progressive extrapolation of the model to other military leadership schools is proposed as a more efficacious health promotion strategy for the Department of Defense. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. White House Med Unit, Washington, DC 20502 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USA, Army Phys Fitness Res Inst, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Parker, MW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Little Hall,Box 870314, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RI Koenig, Harold/F-7379-2011 NR 69 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 561 EP 570 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200003 PM 11469025 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Dolan, MJ Michael, NL Zhou, S Perfetto, SP Hawkes, C Robb, M Lane, J Mayers, D McNeil, JG Malone, JD Garner, R Birx, DL AF Brown, AE Dolan, MJ Michael, NL Zhou, S Perfetto, SP Hawkes, C Robb, M Lane, J Mayers, D McNeil, JG Malone, JD Garner, R Birx, DL CA RGP160 Phase IIA Vaccine Invest TI Clinical prognosis of patients with early-stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease: Contribution of HIV-1 RNA and T lymphocyte subset guantitation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTED PATIENTS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; PROGRESSION; PLASMA; SERUM; AIDS; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE; PROGRAM; MARKERS AB Systems for the staging of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection were developed 15 years ago. Subsequently, assays for quantitating HIV-1 RNA and immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subsets have been developed and validated. The utility of these assays for improved staging in early disease was evaluated in 256 HIV-infected adults (52% minority) with CD4 counts greater than or equal to 400 cells/muL followed in U.S. military medical centers before the highly active anti-retroviral therapy era. HIV viral load (RNA) was quantitated; the frequencies of select CD4+ immunophenotypes were determined in 112 subjects. The results were analyzed in relation to three outcome measures: death, first acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining opportunistic infection, and CD4 count less than or equal to 200 cells/muL. Serum RNA level and CD4 count were each found to be predictive of all three outcomes. In addition, increases in the T-cell subsets CD28-CD4+ and CD29+CD26-CD4+ were found to be independently predictive of more rapid progression. The classification of early-stage HIV patients is improved by the quantitation of both viral RNA and T-lymphocyte subsets. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. SRA Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Brown, AE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM brownae@thai.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 571 EP 576 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200004 PM 11469026 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Canham-Chervak, M Hauret, K Hoedebecke, E Laurin, MJ Cuthie, J AF Knapik, JJ Canham-Chervak, M Hauret, K Hoedebecke, E Laurin, MJ Cuthie, J TI Discharges during US Army basic training: Injury rates and risk factors SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Recruit Healthcare Symposium CY APR, 2000 CL GREAT LAKES NAVAL STAT, ILLINOIS ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; MILITARY; WOMEN; MEN; PREDICTORS; SUCCESS; FAILURE AB This study examined injury rates and risk factors for discharge in a cohort of 756 men and 474 women in U.S. Army basic combat training (BCT) at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. Investigators systematically screened trainee medical records for injuries and collected medical recommendations to temporarily remove a trainee from BCT to allow recovery from an injury. The BCT unit provided Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) scores and trainee demographic data. Discharges were identified by reviewing discharge packets and were confirmed through rosters from the BCT units. There were 102 men and 108 women discharged. Person-time injury incidence rates (for time-loss injuries) among discharged and nondischarged men were 1.87 and 0.45 cases/100 person-days, respectively (p < 0.01); the rates for discharged and nondischarged women were 1.95 and 1.01 cases/100 person-days, respectively (p < 0.01). Men had a higher risk of discharge if they had a time-loss injury (p < 0.01), but women did not (p = 0.28). Other discharge risk factors for both men and women included a medical recommendation for removal from training to recover from an injury, lower performance on any of the three APFT events, and lower educational level. Women with more body mass or a higher body mass index also had a marginally higher risk of discharge. C1 USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 36 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 641 EP 647 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200018 PM 11469039 ER PT J AU Finegold, LS von Gierke, HE Schomer, PD Berry, BF AF Finegold, LS von Gierke, HE Schomer, PD Berry, BF TI Proposal for monitoring worldwide noise exposure and assessing the effectiveness of noise exposure policies and noise control technologies SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTER-NOISE 99 Congress CY 1999 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA AB It has been proposed that a standardized method be developed to assess the effectiveness of environmental and occupational noise control policies, regulations, and standards, as well as engineering noise control technologies, in controlling individual and group noise exposure. Development and implementation of the generic method presented here is both necessary and feasible in the near future, given sufficient international cooperation. The data that such a method would provide will be invaluable to politicians, the general public, and the engineering and scientific communities in planning strategies for managing noise exposure in the future. Additional benefits to the implementation of this data collection method would be that it would facilitate comparisons across countries and regional and international noise control policies. It will hopefully also result in the eventual development of an international georeferenced database of noise exposure, similar to efforts underway in other environmental areas, such as air quality. With the support of international organizations such as the World Health Organization, the International Institute of Noise Control Engineering, and the International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise, among others, it is possible for the generic method presented here to be developed in more detail and for data collection efforts to start in the near future. It is hoped that the use of this method will significantly improve our ability to assess the effectiveness of noise control programs and to better manage noise exposure in the future. (C) 2001 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Berry Environm Ltd, Shepperton TW17 0JZ, Surrey, England. RP Finegold, LS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2255 H St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG J JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.3397/1.2839660 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 488XB UT WOS:000171961200011 ER PT J AU Doukas, WC Speer, KP AF Doukas, WC Speer, KP TI Anatomy, pathophysiology, and biomechanics of shoulder instability (Reprinted from Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, July, 2000) SO ORTHOPEDIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Reprint ID INFERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT; ANTERIOR STABILITY; JOINT; TRANSLATION; BANKART; BICEPS AB Instability in the athlete presents a unique challenge to the orthopaedic surgeon. A spectrum of both static and dynamic pathophysiology, as well as gross and microscopic histopathology, contribute to this complex clinical continuum. Biomechanical studies of the shoulder and ligament cutting studies in recent years have generated a more precise understanding of the individual contributions of the various ligaments and capsular regions to shoulder instability. An understanding of the underlying pathology and accurate assessment of degree and direction of the instability by clinical examination and history are essential to developing appropriate treatment algorithms. C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthopaed Surg, Sports Med & Shoulder Sect, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Doukas, WC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-5898 J9 ORTHOP CLIN N AM JI Orthop. Clin. North Am. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3 BP 381 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-5898(05)70207-8 PG 12 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 468LY UT WOS:000170760200001 PM 11888133 ER PT J AU Eisenman, DJ Speers, R Telian, SA AF Eisenman, DJ Speers, R Telian, SA TI Labyrinthectomy versus vestibular neurectomy: Long-term physiologic and clinical outcomes SO OTOLOGY & NEUROTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vestibular compensation; transmastoid labyrinthectomy; retrolabyrinthine vestibular neurectomy ID NERVE-SECTION; TRANSMASTOID LABYRINTHECTOMY; UNILATERAL LABYRINTHECTOMY; HANDICAP INVENTORY; HEARING HANDICAP; COMPENSATION; VERTIGO; CONSEQUENCES; RECOVERY AB Objective: To determine whether long-term vestibular compensation (VC) and clinical outcomes differ after transmastoid labyrinthectomy (TML) versus retrolabyrinthine vestibular neurectomy (RVNS). Study Design: Prospective, observational study. Setting: Tertiary can, university hospital. Patients: Twenty-one subjects were studied several years after they were relieved of spontaneous episodic vertigo caused by peripheral vestibular disease by TML or RVNS. Interventions: All patients had undergone TML or RVNS more than 2.5 years before the study and returned for physiologic and functional studies of vestibular compensation. Main Outcome Measures: Completeness of physiologic VC, as assessed by electronystagmography and rotational chair testing; performance on computerized dynamic posturography; pure-tone and speech audiometry; self-assess-ment of balance and hearing function with validated survey instruments. Results: There were no differences in the incidence of physiologic VC or functional recovery between the TML and RVNS subjects. Although a majority of subjects in each group had evidence of incomplete vestibular compensation, there was no difference in self-assessment of balance or hearing handicap at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: Long-term clinical balance and hearing outcomes are equivalent when TML and RVNS successfully cure spontaneous, episodic vertigo. There is a high incidence of incomplete VC after both procedures, though this does not usually produce a significant balance handicap. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Div Otol Neurol, Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Eisenman, DJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1531-7129 J9 OTOL NEUROTOL JI Otol. Neurotol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 539 EP 548 DI 10.1097/00129492-200107000-00022 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 450KP UT WOS:000169742300023 PM 11449114 ER PT J AU Webster, HL Johnson, JF Torres, CM AF Webster, HL Johnson, JF Torres, CM TI Ahaustral colonic segment following trauma: a possible sign of seromuscular tear SO PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INJURY AB Although traumatic seromuscular tears of the colon are often managed conservatively, it is pertinent to detect the tear since it poses a risk for acute or delayed perforation. Unfortunately, clinical findings are inadequate for detecting and monitoring this lesion. Therefore, this complication has not been recognized prior to laporatomy. We have noted that an ahaustral colonic segment following trauma may be a potential marker for seromuscular tear. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Sect Pediat Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Webster, HL (reprint author), 5931 Wildwind Dr, San Antonio, TX 78289 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-0449 J9 PEDIATR RADIOL JI Pediatr. Radiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 7 BP 491 EP 493 DI 10.1007/s002470000387 PG 3 WC Pediatrics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Pediatrics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 450MA UT WOS:000169745700006 PM 11486802 ER PT J AU Cole, DM Durell, GD AF Cole, DM Durell, GD TI A dislocation-based analysis of strain history effects in ice SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID SALINE ICE; SEA-ICE; CREEP; DEFORMATION; STRESS; MODEL AB The cyclic loading response of ice specimens can be analysed with a dislocation-based model of anelasticity to produce an estimate of the effective mobile dislocation density. Moreover, the cyclic loading response is sufficiently sensitive to track the dislocation density changes that occur during creep straining. A combination of cyclic and creep loading experiments can thus be employed to gain crucial insight regarding the relationship between the dislocation density that evolves during creep straining and the anelastic and viscous components of strain. Creep and cyclic loading experiments have been conducted on laboratory-prepared saline and freshwater ice specimens to shed light on the effects of temperature, creep stress and accumulated strain on the mobile dislocation density and thereby to support the further development of a physically based constitutive model for ice. The findings indicate that, in addition to the expected stress and strain dependence, the dislocation density that develops during straining also depends on the temperature and microstructure. As a consequence of this temperature dependence, the apparent activation energy for creep when dislocation multiplication takes place is higher than that for creep in the absence of dislocation multiplication. Data from the literature are examined and found to support this finding. The results indicate that both the anelastic strain and the viscous strain rate vary with the mobile dislocation density. A preliminary set of results indicates that the power law stress exponent n is 3 when the applied stress is high enough to cause an increase in the discloation density, but that n approximate to 1 when the dislocation density remains constant during straining. The results show that prior straining increases the stress level associated with the transition from n=1 to n=3. The findings provide support for the glide-controlled mechanism of ice creep, and a dislocation glide-base formulation for viscous straining is presented. The model agrees will with the experimental data in the pure flow regime. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Cole, DM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1849 EP 1872 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 455DH UT WOS:000170011900010 ER PT J AU Annunziato, M Grigolini, P West, BJ AF Annunziato, M Grigolini, P West, BJ TI Canonical and noncanonical equilibrium distribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; DYNAMICAL-APPROACH; LEVY PROCESSES; THERMODYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; PERTURBATION; STATISTICS AB We address the problem of the dynamical foundation of noncanonical equilibrium We consider, as a source of divergence from ordinary statistical mechanics, the breakdown of the condition of time scale separation between microscopic and macroscopic dynamics. We show that this breakdown has the effect of producing a significant deviation from the canonical prescription. We also show that, while the canonical equilibrium can be reached with no apparent dependence on dynamics, the specific form of noncanonical equilibrium is, in fact, determined by dynamics. We consider the special case where the thermal reservoir driving the system of interest to equilibrium is a generator of intermittent fluctuations. We assess the form of the noncanonical equilibrium reached by the system in this case. Using both theoretical and numerical arguments we demonstrate that Livy statistics are the best description of the dynamics and that the Livy distribution is the correct basin of attraction. We also show that the correct path to noncanonical equilibrium by means of strictly thermodynamic arguments has not yet been found, and that further research has to be done to establish a connection between dynamics and thermodynamics. C1 Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Biofis, Area Ric, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Annunziato, M (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Piazza Torricelli 2, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. EM annunzia@df.unipi.it; grigo@unt.edu; WestB@aro-emh1.army.mil RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2001 VL 64 IS 1 AR 011107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.011107 PN 1 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 453GA UT WOS:000169907100018 PM 11461225 ER PT J AU D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Dumeige, Y Vidakovic, P Levenson, JA Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW Bertolotti, M AF D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Dumeige, Y Vidakovic, P Levenson, JA Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW Bertolotti, M TI Photonic band edge effects in finite structures and applications to chi((2)) interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ELECTROMAGNETIC MODE DENSITY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; PERIODIC STRUCTURES; GAP STRUCTURES; ENHANCEMENT; GRATINGS; LASER; LIGHT; SUPERLATTICES AB Using the concept of an effective medium, we derive coupled mode equations for nonlinear quadratic interactions in photonic band gap structures of finite length. The resulting equations reveal the essential roles played by the density of modes and effective phase matching conditions necessary for the strong enhancement of the nonlinear response. Our predictions find confirmation in an experimental demonstration of significant enhancement of second harmonic generation near the photonic band edge. The measured conversion efficiency is in good agreement with the conversion efficiency-predicted by the effective-medium model. C1 Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSAM RD WS ST,RD&E Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Lab LPN, CNRS, UPR 20, F-9220 Bagneux, France. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP D'Aguanno, G (reprint author), Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. NR 42 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2001 VL 64 IS 1 AR 016609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.016609 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 453GC UT WOS:000169907300116 PM 11461430 ER PT J AU Lumley, LA Robison, CL Chen, WK Mark, B Meyerhoff, JL AF Lumley, LA Robison, CL Chen, WK Mark, B Meyerhoff, JL TI Vasopressin into the preoptic area increases grooming behavior in mice SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE AVP; vasopressin; C57BL/6 mice; grooming; hindleg scratching; face washing; mice; POA; hypothalamus; preoptic area; body shaking; rearing ID MARKING BEHAVIOR; SUBSTANCE-P; HYPOTHALAMUS; RATS; RECEPTORS; OXYTOCIN; HAMSTER; ANTAGONIST; RESPONSES; STRESS AB In mice, the neuropeptide arginine-8-vasopressin (AVP) induces excessive grooming, scratching, and hyperactivity when administered intracerebroventricularly. In hamsters, AVP infusion into the medial preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (MPOA/AH) increases flank marking and flank mark grooming. We measured the behavioral effects of administration of AVP (0, 1, and 10 ng/250 nl) into the preoptic area (POA) of male C57BL/6 mice. Administration of AVP into the POA induced robust effects on grooming, including increased hindleg scratching and face washing. Rearing and olfactory investigation were inhibited by AVP into the POA. These findings indicate that the POA is one site in which AVP induces grooming behavior in mice. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurochem & Neuroendocrinol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lumley, LA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurochem & Neuroendocrinol, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 73 IS 4 BP 451 EP 455 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00501-7 PG 5 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 459RZ UT WOS:000170266400001 PM 11495648 ER PT J AU Best, EPH Jacobs, FHH AF Best, EPH Jacobs, FHH TI Production, nutrient availability, and elemental balances of two meadows affected by different fertilization and water table regimes in The Netherlands SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE impoverishment; nutrient availability; peat-grassland; rewetting ID SPECIES RICHNESS; GRASSLAND; SOIL; VEGETATION; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; BIOMASS; RESTORATION; TEMPERATURE; PHOSPHORUS AB The restoration of degraded peat-grasslands is an important nature conservation goal in The Netherlands. We investigated the effects of ceased fertilization (15 years) combined with a groundwater-raised water table (6 years) on the production of the peat-grassland vegetation and soil nutrient availability in a meadow. Furthermore, we evaluated whether and how this difference between meadows affected the balances between nutrient inputs and outputs in the ecosystem. We used an adjacent fertilized meadow in which the water table followed agricultural practice as a control. Yield of the grassland vegetation was significantly lower in the wet than in the control meadow. The tissue concentrations of N, P, and K in the harvested vegetation were significantly lower, but those of Ca higher in the wet than in the control meadow. The difference between both meadows significantly affected the annual nitrification rate, but not the annual C and N mineralization rates and the annual net P and K release rates. The difference between both meadows also significantly affected the seasonal nitrification and K release rates. Season exerted a significant effect on the seasonal C and N mineralization and nitrification rates. The elemental balances and relative contributions of the balance terms to elemental inputs and outputs varied considerably with element. Annually, the wet meadow lost N, P and K, while the control meadow gained these elements. The elemental demand of the grassland vegetation in the wet meadow was met for N for a large part by mineralization and for the remainder by atmospheric deposition, for P it was in the same order of magnitude as the net soil-P release, as it was for K. It is to be expected that the soil resources of N, P and K will continue to decrease under a continued regime of ceased fertilization and a raised water table, with those of N decreasing with the same rate, of P more rapidly and of K more slowly than estimated from regressions. C1 DLO, Ctr Agrobiol & Soil Fertil, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Best, EPH (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 17 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 155 IS 1 BP 61 EP 73 DI 10.1023/A:1013260900106 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 501ZW UT WOS:000172718700006 ER PT J AU Crone, C Gabriel, G Wise, TN AF Crone, C Gabriel, G Wise, TN TI Non-herbal nutritional supplements - The next wave - A comprehensive review of risks and benefits for the C-L psychiatrist SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Review ID GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; COUNTER CHROMIUM PICOLINATE; ALCOHOL-WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION; ORAL S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; DOUBLE-BLIND MULTICENTER AB The continuing popularity of complementary medicine has led to the frequent appearance of new products in the marketplace. Non-herbal supplements are now a popular choice for patients seeking relief from a variety of medical conditions. As with herbal medicines, there are concerns about the safety of these products in those with physical illness. Clearly, consultation-liaison psychiatrists will encounter patients using non-herbal products or inquiring about them. This article seeks to provide knowledge about the risks and benefits of non-herbal supplements that consultation-liaison psychiatrists are likely to encounter. C1 Inova Fairfax Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wise, TN (reprint author), Inova Fairfax Hosp, Dept Psychiat, 3300 Gallows Rd, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. NR 208 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 285 EP 299 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.4.285 PG 15 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 456TB UT WOS:000170097400001 PM 11496018 ER PT J AU Gabriel, GM Crone, CC AF Gabriel, GM Crone, CC TI Nocturnal pruritus in a cardiac pretransplant patient SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL STRESS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Psychiat Consultat Liaison Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. INOVA Fairfax Hosp, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Gabriel, GM (reprint author), 9004 Briardale Lane, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 344 EP 346 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.4.344 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 456TB UT WOS:000170097400007 PM 11496024 ER PT J AU Lonergan, GJ Cline, DB Abbondanzo, SL AF Lonergan, GJ Cline, DB Abbondanzo, SL TI From the archives of the AFIP - Sickle cell anemia SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Review DE sickle cell disease (SS, SC) ID ACUTE CHEST SYNDROME; TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY; EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; DISEASE PATIENTS; SALMONELLA OSTEOMYELITIS; CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE; AVASCULAR NECROSIS; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; IMAGING FINDINGS; CHILDREN AB Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease caused by production of abnormal hemoglobin, which binds with other abnormal hemoglobin molecules within the red blood cell to cause rigid deformation of the cell. This deformation impairs the ability of the cell to pass through small vascular channels; sludging and congestion of vascular beds may result, followed by tissue ischemia and infarction. Infarction is common throughout the body in the patient with SCA, and it is responsible for the earliest clinical manifestation, the acute pain crisis, which is thought to result from marrow infarction. Over time, such insults result in medullary bone infarcts and epiphyseal osteonecrosis. In the brain, white matter and gray matter infarcts are seen, causing cognitive impairment and functional neurologic deficits. The lungs are also commonly affected, with infarcts, emboli (from marrow infarcts and fat necrosis), and a markedly increased propensity for pneumonia. The liver, spleen, and kidney may experience infarction as well. An unusual but life-threatening complication of SCA is sequestration syndrome, wherein a considerable amount of the intravascular volume is sequestered in an organ (usually the spleen), causing vascular collapse; its pathogenesis is unknown. Finally, because the red blood cells are abnormal, they are removed from the circulation, resulting in a hemolytic anemia. For the patient with SCA, however, the ischemic complications of the disease far outweigh the anemia in clinical importance. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lonergan, GJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 106 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 7 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 971 EP 994 PG 24 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 471KN UT WOS:000170928700022 PM 11452073 ER PT J AU Arbuckle, MR James, JA Kohlhase, KF Rubertone, MV Dennis, GJ Harley, JB AF Arbuckle, MR James, JA Kohlhase, KF Rubertone, MV Dennis, GJ Harley, JB TI Development of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies prior to clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA ANTIBODIES; COMPLEMENT PROFILES; REVISED CRITERIA; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; CLASSIFICATION; SLE AB Anti-double stranded (dsDNA) antibodies are of considerable diagnostic value and are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fluctuations in anti-dsDNA antibody levels are also used as markers for disease activity and exacerbations. In this study we sought to evaluate the anti-dsDNA antibody level in serum samples collected before the onset of SLE diagnosis. A total of 130 SLE patients were identified with stored serum samples available prior to diagnosis within the US Department of Defense serum repository. All 633 sera available from these patients were screened for anti-dsDNA antibodies using an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Within this cohort 55% of cases had detectable anti-dsDNA antibodies prior to SLE diagnosis. The onset of anti-dsDNA antibodies ranged from 9.3 years before to within the same month as diagnosis (with a mean onset 2.7 years before diagnosis). In order to assess for fluctuations in anti-dsDNA levels relative to diagnosis, cases were selected with at least two positive samples, one within 6 months and a second greater than 6 months prior to diagnosis (n = 26). Seven of these cases also had samples available shortly after diagnosis (less than or equal to 6 months) for comparison. Fifty eight percent of the 26 cases developed a significant rise in anti-dsDNA antibody levels within 6 months of diagnosis. A significant decline in anti-dsDNA levels ensued after diagnosis (and following treatment with corticosteroids) in all seven cases with samples available. Patients with a significant rise in anti-dsDNA antibodies at diagnosis were more likely to have renal disease than those who did not (66.7% compared to 27.3%, chi (2) =3.94, P<0.05). These data suggest that anti-dsDNA antibodies are present in SLE patient sera much earlier than previously suspected. In addition, the data are consistent with increases in anti-dsDNA levels contributing to the onset of clinical illness in some patients with SLE. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI24717, AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42460, AR01981, AR42474, AR45084, AR45231] NR 25 TC 69 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0300-9475 J9 SCAND J IMMUNOL JI Scand. J. Immunol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00959.x PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 452ZT UT WOS:000169890300029 PM 11439169 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Sils, IV AF Matthew, CB Sils, IV TI Treatment of hyperthermia-induced extravasation with hypertonic saline (7.5%) in 6% dextran 70 (HSD) in Wistar/Furth rats SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE Evans blue; resuscitation; Sprague-Dawley; endothelium; plasma volume ID FURTH RAT; RESUSCITATION; MODEL; HEAT; ULTRASTRUCTURE; PERMEABILITY; DEHYDRATION; RESPONSES; PROTEINS; INJURY AB This study determined the effectiveness of hypertonic saline (7.5%) in 6% Dextran 70 (HSD) in reducing hyperthermia-induced extravasation in Wistar/Furth (WF) rats and compared this extravasation with that previously reported in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Wistar/Furth rats (male, n = 12/group, 300-325g) were placed unrestrained in a chamber (41.5 degreesC) until a core temperature CTG) of 42.6 degreesC was attained. Immediately following heat exposure, HSD or normal saline (4 mL/kg) was administered via jugular catheter, followed 15 min later by Evan's blue (Eb, 25 mg/kg) in normal saline. After another 15-min interval, animals were anesthetized, exsanguinated, tissues removed and washed in normal saline, and Eb was extracted with formamide. Another group of normothermic WF rats were also given Eb and had tissues harvested. Comparisons were made to extravasation in normothermic and hyperthermic SD rats. In hyperthermic SD rats, Eb content increased significantly in liver, kidney, and intestinal tissues. In hyperthermic WF rats compared to normothermic WF rats, Eb content of kidney and spleen was increased; however, Eb content of heart, skeletal muscle, and intestine was significantly decreased. HSD-treated WF rats had increased extravasation in intestinal tissue compared to that of saline-treated rats. However, HSD treatment resulted in significant decreases in wet weight/dry weight ratios of heart (4.34 +/- 0.10 versus 4.51 +/- 0.11) and skeletal muscle tissue (3.78 +/- 0.08 versus 3.91 +/- 0.08). Findings of this study indicate that HSD did not prevent the hyperthermia-induced extravasation of Eb in kidney and spleen; that the increase in plasma Volume following HSD administration is most likely due to the movement of fluid into the vasculature from the skeletal muscle mass; and that the WF strain may have limited value for the study of extravasation. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Matthew, CB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9,, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUL PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 70 EP 74 DI 10.1097/00024382-200116010-00013 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 445EB UT WOS:000169444200013 PM 11442319 ER PT J AU Orgera, MA O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF Orgera, MA O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Secondary prevention of cerebral ischemia in patent foramen ovale: Systematic review and meta-analysis SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ATRIAL SEPTAL ANEURYSM; CRYPTOGENIC STROKE; ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY; CONTROLLED TRIALS; TERM RISK; EVENTS; RECURRENCE; CLOSURE; EMBOLISM AB Background. Therapy for patent foramen ovale (PFO), found with increased frequency in the setting of stroke in the young, is controversial. We compiled a synthesis of the literature on therapeutic options for PFO and stroke. Methods. Searching MEDLINE (1966 to 1999), published abstracts, and bibliographies of primary and review articles, we identified five retrospective cohort studies that compared at least two different treatment options (antiplatelet therapy, warfarin, or surgery). Outcomes data on mode of therapy and recurrent stroke were abstracted, and pooled analysis was done using a random effects model. Results. Warfarin was superior to antiplatelet therapy in preventing recurrent ischemic events (odds ratio [OR] 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23 to 0.60). Surgical PFO closure was comparable to warfarin treatment (OR 1.19; 95% CI, 0.62 to 2.27). Conclusion. Available data suggest that warfarin is Superior to antiplatelet therapy and comparable to surgical PFO closure for the prevention of recurrent cerebral ischemic events from paradoxical embolism. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiol & Gen Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv, Bldg 2,Rm 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 94 IS 7 BP 699 EP 703 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 466YM UT WOS:000170673800014 PM 11531177 ER PT J AU Zoltani, CK Baskin, SI AF Zoltani, CK Baskin, SI TI Soman-induced cardiac toxicity: Single-cell computer simulations of acetylcholine overload SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE ACh overload; cardiac modeling; computer simulation; soman ID HEART AB Cardiac toxicity caused by organophosphonates (OPs) and expressed through acetylcholine (ACh) overload was studied by simulating the divergence of the action potential (AP) from baseline. Three cardiac structures-the sinoatrial (SA) node, the Purkinje fibers, and the ventricles-were studied with regard to their sensitivity to ACh overload and to determine which is most vulnerable to electrical failure. In addition, based on results of simulations with increased extracellular concentrations, a new model for soman-induced cardiac toxicity is proposed. It was shown that hyperkalemia must be considered in strategies for the prophylaxis of soman poisoning. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRLCIHC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Zoltani, CK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRLCIHC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 11 IS 3 BP 139 EP 146 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 487MM UT WOS:000171879000001 ER PT J AU Berman, JD Nielsen, R Chulay, JD Dowler, M Kain, KC Kester, KE Williams, J Whelen, AC Shmuklarsky, MJ AF Berman, JD Nielsen, R Chulay, JD Dowler, M Kain, KC Kester, KE Williams, J Whelen, AC Shmuklarsky, MJ TI Causal prophylactic efficacy of atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone (TM)) in a human challenge model SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; chemoprophylaxis; atovaquone-proguanil; liver stages; treatment duration ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; IN-VITRO; INFECTION AB Plasmodia infect the liver for about 7 days before subsequently infecting the blood. Present prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum malaria employs agents that primarily kill blood stages and must be continued for 28 days after the last exposure. Atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone (TM)) is a new antimalarial agent that is licensed in 35 countries as treatment against blood-stage infection, but its components (atovaquone and proguanil) have separately been shown to be active also against liver stages. To determine whether atovaquone-proguanil is sufficiently active against liver stages to be discontinued 7 days after exposure, we challenged 16 volunteers with P. falciparum via infected mosquitoes. Twelve volunteers received atovaquone-proguanil (1 tablet daily) on the day prior to challenge, on the day of challenge, and for the next 6 days; 4 volunteers received matching placebo. All placebo volunteers demonstrated parasitaemia and malarial symptoms beginning on days 11 - 12 after challenge. No atovaquone-proguanil volunteer acquired malaria. Atovaquone-proguanil is the first licensed antimalarial agent that kills P. falciparum in the liver and that may be discontinued 7 days after the last exposure. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Toronto Gen Hosp, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Berman, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 33 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC TROPICAL MEDICINE PI LONDON PA MANSON HOUSE 26 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 1EY, ENGLAND SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 95 IS 4 BP 429 EP 432 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(01)90206-8 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 478GJ UT WOS:000171336900021 PM 11579890 ER PT J AU Hess, JR Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ AF Hess, JR Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ TI The effect of two additive solutions on the postthaw storage of RBCs SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID RED-CELLS; 4-DEGREES-C AB BACKGROUND: Sterile systems for freezing and for washing thawed blood will allow the storage of RBCs for more than 24 hours after removal of the cryoprotectant glycerol. This study assessed the effect of two ASs in maintaining deglycerolized RBCs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty-four RBC units were stored for 6 days, pooled in groups of 4, realiquoted, sterilely glycerolized, and frozen. One month later, the units were thawed, sterilely deglycerolized by using an automated system (H215; Haemonetics), and stored for 5 weeks in either 100 or 200 mL of AS-3 or an experimental AS (EAS-61). Sterile samples were taken weekly for chemical and morphometric analysis. RESULTS: The glycerolization and deglycerolization process produced highly comparable RBC units, but it caused a marked reduction of RBC pH, to about 6.4 at the beginning of storage. The addition of acidic AS-3 further reduced the pH, which in turn reduced glucose consumption, lactate formation, and RBC ATP concentrations. Alkaline EAS-61 increased these measures. Hypotonic EAS-61 caused increased cell swelling and hemolysis, despite better RBC morphology. CONCLUSIONS: Automation of sterile glycerolization and deglycerolization with the H215 works well, but the solutions should be reformulated for extended postthaw storage. This would best be accomplished by raising the pH of the wash solutions by the addition of disodium phosphate or sodium bicarbonate or both, by using alkaline ASs, and by matching the osmolality of the wash solution and ASs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Hess, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2001 VL 41 IS 7 BP 923 EP 927 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41070923.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 451PH UT WOS:000169810100011 PM 11452161 ER PT J AU Valeri, CR Ragno, G Pivacek, LE Srey, R Hess, JR Lippert, LE Mettille, F Fahie, R O'Neill, EM Szymanski, IO AF Valeri, CR Ragno, G Pivacek, LE Srey, R Hess, JR Lippert, LE Mettille, F Fahie, R O'Neill, EM Szymanski, IO TI A multicenter study of in vitro and in vivo values in human RBCs frozen with 40-percent (wt/vol) glycerol and stored after deglycerolization for 15 days at 4 degrees C in AS-3: assessment of RBC processing in the ACP 215 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID RED-CELLS; VIABILITY; PLASMA; BLOOD AB BACKGROUND: The FDA has approved the storage of frozen RBCs at -80 degreesC for 10 years. After deglycerolization, the RBCs can be stored at 4 degreesC for no more than 24 hours, because open systems are currently being used. Five laboratoris have been evaluating an automated, functionally closed system (ACP 215, Haemonetics) for both the glycerolization and deglycerolization processes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Studies were performed at three military sites and two civilian sites. Each site performed in vitro testing of 20 units of RBCs. In addition, one military site and two civilian sites conducted autologous transfusion studies on ten units of previously frozen, deglycerolized RBCs that had been stored at 4 degreesC in AS-3 for 15 days. At one of the civilian sites, 10 volunteers received autologous transfusions on two occasions in a randomized manner, once with previously frozen RBCs that had been stored at 4 degreesC in AS-3 for 15 days after deglycerolization and once with liquid-preserved RBCs that had been stored at 4 degreesC in AS-1 for 42 days. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD in vitro freeze-thaw-wash recovery value was 87 +/- 5 percent; the mean +/- SD supernatant osmolality on the day of deglycerolization was 297 +/- 5 mOsm per kg of H2O, and the mean +/- SD percentage of hemolysis after storage at 4"C in AS-3 for 15 days was 0.60 +/- 0.2 percent. The paired data from the study of 10 persons at the civilian site showed a mean +/- SD 24-hour posttransfusion survival of 76 +/- 6 percent for RBCs that had been stored at 4"C for 15 days after deglycerolization and 72 +/- 5 percent for RBCs stored at 4"C in AS-1 for 42 days. At the three sites at which 24-hour posttransfusion survival values were measured by three double-label procedures, a mean +/- SD 24-hour posttransfusion survival of 77 +/- 9 percent was observed for 36 autologous transfusions to 12 females and 24 males of previously frozen RBCs that had been stored at 4 degreesC in AS-3 for 15 days after deglycerolization. CONCLUSION: The multicenter study showed the acceptable quality of RBCs that were glycerolized and deglycerolized in the automated ACP 215 instrument and stored in AS-3 at 4 degreesC for 15 days. C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, USN, Blood Res Lab, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. USN, Med Ctr Great Lakes, Great Lakes, IL USA. Amer Red Cross Blood Serv, Dedham, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Valeri, CR (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, USN, Blood Res Lab, 615 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 20 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2001 VL 41 IS 7 BP 933 EP 939 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41070933.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 451PH UT WOS:000169810100013 PM 11452163 ER PT J AU Wongsrichanalai, C AF Wongsrichanalai, C TI Rapid diagnostic techniques for malaria control SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; PARASIGHT(TM)-F TEST; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; EXPERT MICROSCOPY; DIPSTICK TEST; CHILDREN; TESTS; VIVAX AB The past decade was a milestone in the development of malaria diagnostic technology. Today, a variety of simplified and rapid malaria diagnostic devices, collectively referred to as 'dipsticks', is available. This paper discusses the potential roles of these devices, and obstacles to their use, in supporting malaria control strategies. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Wongsrichanalai, C (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM chansudaw@thai.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 EI 1471-5007 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 17 IS 7 BP 307 EP 309 DI 10.1016/S1471-4922(01)01925-0 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 454FH UT WOS:000169961400001 PM 11423356 ER PT J AU Howard, SA Dellacorte, C Valco, MJ Prahl, JM Heshmat, H AF Howard, SA Dellacorte, C Valco, MJ Prahl, JM Heshmat, H TI Steady-state stiffness of foil air journal bearings at elevated temperatures SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE fluid film compliant bearings; foil bearings; gas bearings; turbomachinery ID LOAD AB A previously developed test method for measuring steady-state stiffness of foil air journal bearings is extended to measure trends in bearing stiffness at high temperature. Steady-state stiffness of the tested foil bearing is found to decrease in general as the temperature increases from 25 degrees to 538 degreesC. The magnitude of stiffness change observed is roughly a factor of two, which is important information for the design of future high speed turbomachinery. it is expected that damping in foil bearings may also be affected by changes in temperature necessitating future resting to evaluate the trends in dynamic bearing characteristics. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Mohawk Innovat Technol Inc, Albany, NY USA. RP Howard, SA (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 44 IS 3 BP 489 EP 493 DI 10.1080/10402000108982486 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 452HN UT WOS:000169852400022 ER PT J AU Walton, RS AF Walton, RS TI Video-assisted thoracoscopy SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID ONE-LUNG; PARTIAL PERICARDIECTOMY; MECHANICAL ABRASION; 2-LUNG VENTILATION; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; NORMAL DOGS; SURGERY; PLEURODESIS; COMPLICATIONS; INSUFFLATION AB Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive operative endoscopic procedure designed for visual inspection of the thoracic cavity. The use of small, highly maneuverable, rigid telescopes allows visualization beyond what is possible by standard operative techniques. The use of a small video camera attached to a standard rigid telescope allows the operator and assistants to view a simultaneous, enlarged, and clear image. This article focuses on the basic diagnostic and surgical techniques used in veterinary video-assisted thoracoscopy. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Walton, RS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0195-5616 J9 VET CLIN N AM-SMALL JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Small Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 31 IS 4 BP 729 EP + PG 32 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 456EX UT WOS:000170071100009 PM 11487953 ER PT J AU Martinez, MJ Mog, SR AF Martinez, MJ Mog, SR TI Spontaneous complex pheochromocytoma in a Fischer 344 rat SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adrenal gland neoplasms; ganglioneuroma; immunohistochemistry; neural crest; pheochromocytoma; rats ID SATELLITE CELLS; ADRENAL-MEDULLA; GLAND; GANGLIONEUROMAS; TUMORS AB A spontaneous complex pheochromocytoma was diagnosed in the adrenal gland of an aged female Fischer 344 rat. This expansile neoplasm consisted of pheochromocytoma and areas of ganglioneuroma. The supporting stroma of both neoplastic components contained spindle-shaped cells, which also formed large fascicles. Immunohistochemically, pheochromocytoma cells stained for synaptophysin and chromogranin, scattered ganglioneuroma cells stained for neurofilament protein, and the spindle-shaped stromal cells were positive for S-100 protein. Special stains demonstrated Nissl substance in the ganglioneuroma cells and nerve fibers in the fascicles. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Martinez, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 4 BP 470 EP 473 DI 10.1354/vp.38-4-470 PG 4 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 450QQ UT WOS:000169754900018 PM 11467486 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Li, BQ Young, HA AF Krakauer, T Li, BQ Young, HA TI The flavonoid baicalin inhibits superantigen-induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE immunosuppression; superantigen; cytokine and chemokine; baicalin; flavonoid ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-A; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN T-CELLS; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-1; POTENTIAL ROLE; HUMAN-DISEASE; BINDING; COMPONENTS AB Excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines mediates the rode effect of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). Baicalin, a flavone isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and used in China to treat infectious diseases, inhibited SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation (by 98%) and production of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, interferon gamma, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta mRNA and protein by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, These data suggest that baicalin may be therapeutically useful for mitigating the pathogenic effects of SE by inhibiting the signaling pathways activated by superantigens, (C) 2001 Federation of European Biochemieal Societies, Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. SAIC Frederick, Intramural Res Support Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RI Young, Howard/A-6350-2008 OI Young, Howard/0000-0002-3118-5111 NR 29 TC 79 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 29 PY 2001 VL 500 IS 1-2 BP 52 EP 55 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02584-4 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 450BV UT WOS:000169722400010 PM 11434925 ER PT J AU Wainner, RT Harmon, RS Miziolek, AW McNesby, KL French, PD AF Wainner, RT Harmon, RS Miziolek, AW McNesby, KL French, PD TI Analysis of environmental lead contamination: comparison of LIBS field and laboratory instruments SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy and Applications (LIBS 2000) CY OCT 08-12, 2000 CL TIRRENIA, ITALY SP Ist Fis Atom & Molecolare, CNR, Opt Soc Amer, European Opt Soc, Soc Italiana Fis, USA Res Lab European Res Off DE laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; lead; laser diagnostics; atomic spectroscopy; atomic emission; plasma ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; LASER; SPECTROMETRY; DETECTOR; PLASMA AB The Army Research Office of the Army Research Laboratory recently sponsored the development of a commercial laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) chemical sensor that is sufficiently compact and robust for use in the field. This portable unit was developed primarily for the rapid, non-destructive detection of lead (Pb) in soils and in paint. In order to better characterize the portable system, a comparative study was undertaken in which the performance of the portable system was compared with a laboratory LIBS system at the Army Research Laboratory that employs a much more sophisticated laser and detector. The particular focus of this study was to determine the effects on the performance of the field sensor's lower spectral resolution, lack of detector gating, and the multiple laser pulsing that occurs when using a passively Q-switched laser. Surprisingly, both the laboratory and portable LIBS systems exhibited similar performance with regards to detection of Pb in both soils and in paint over the 0.05-1% concentration levels. This implies that for samples similar to those studied here, high-temporal resolution time gating of the detector is not necessary for quantitative analysis by LIBS. It was also observed that the multiple pulsing of the laser did not have a significant positive or negative effect on the measurement of Ph concentrations. The alternative of using other Ph lines besides the strong 406-nm line was also investigated. No other Pb line was superior in strength to the 406-nm line for the latex paint and the type of soils used in the study, although the emission line at 220 nm in the UV portion of the spectrum holds potential for avoiding elemental interferences. These results are very encouraging for the development of lightweight, portable LIBS sensors that use less expensive and less sophisticated laser and detector components. The portable LIBS system was also field tested successfully at sites of documented Pb contamination on military installations in California and Colorado. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. ADA Technol Inc, Littleton, CO 80127 USA. RP Miziolek, AW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 21 TC 108 Z9 112 U1 4 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JUN 29 PY 2001 VL 56 IS 6 BP 777 EP 793 DI 10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00229-4 PG 17 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 458KV UT WOS:000170194300020 ER PT J AU Freeman, KS Tan, NCB Trevino, SF Kline, S McGown, LB Kiserow, DJ AF Freeman, KS Tan, NCB Trevino, SF Kline, S McGown, LB Kiserow, DJ TI Size and polydispersity determinations of AOT/bile salt reversed micelles obtained by small-angle neutron scattering SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BILE-SALT; ALPHA-CHYMOTRYPSIN; AOT; ENZYMES; WATER; SOLUBILIZATION; COSURFACTANT; SOLVENTS; MIXTURES; MICROEMULSIONS AB Previous work has shown that trihydroxy bile salt cosurfactants significantly modify the interfacial properties and aggregate size of Aerosol-OT (AOT) reversed micelles and can also increase the activity of enzymes such as chymotrypsin and lipase that are solubilized in the AOT reversed micelles. In the present work, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to study the effects of one such bile salt, sodium taurocholate (NaTC), on the size and polydispersity of AOT reversed micelles. At low concentrations, NaTC decreases the overall size of the reversed micelles, the size of the interior water pools, and the apparent thickness of the detergent layer, while causing an increase in polydispersity. At higher NaTC concentrations, the overall aggregate size, the size of the water pools, the thickness of the detergent layer, and the polydispersity all are increased. It is proposed that, at low concentrations, NaTC monomers are randomly dispersed among the AOT molecules in a perpendicular orientation, thereby disrupting the organization of the detergent layer and increasing penetration of heptane and water into the detergent layer. When NaTC is increased, it may form hydrogen-bonded dimers that are aligned parallel to the AOT molecules. In this orientation, there is less disruption of the detergent layer and penetration of heptane and water molecules is reduced. Finally, it was found that reversed micelles containing chymotrypsin are smaller than unoccupied aggregates, suggesting structural reorganization in order to accommodate the protein. From these results, the effects of NaTC on chymotrypsin activity in AOT reversed micelles can be attributed to structural and chemical modification of the detergent layer rather than to changes in the overall dimensions of the reversed micelles. C1 USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Kiserow, DJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 26 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3912 EP 3916 DI 10.1021/la0101797 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 445LY UT WOS:000169460000021 ER PT J AU Sandi, G Brubaker, KL Schneider, JF O'Neill, HJ Cannon, PL AF Sandi, G Brubaker, KL Schneider, JF O'Neill, HJ Cannon, PL TI A coulometric iodimetric procedure for measuring the purity of lewisite SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE arsenious acid; organic arsenic; lewisite AB A new analytical method for the determination of the purity of CASARM Lewisite samples (Chemical Agent Standard Analytical Reference Materials) has been developed and tested. The method essentially replaces the volumetric iodimetric procedures currently in use with the in-situ electrochemical generation of iodine. Tests on both arsenious acid and Lewisite/CVAA solutions show that the method is capable of achieving high accuracy and precision. Sample preparation and analysis times are considerably less than the current titrimetric method. The coulometric iodimetric method has been shown capable of determining not only total organic trivalent arsenic, but also total trivalent arsenic merely by adjusting the pH. Organic arsenic is determined at pH 4, and total trivalent arsenic at pH 8. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Brubaker, KL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD JUN 21 PY 2001 VL 54 IS 5 BP 913 EP 925 DI 10.1016/S0039-9140(01)00364-2 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 452HL UT WOS:000169852200015 PM 18968315 ER PT J AU Carrieri, AH Roese, ES AF Carrieri, AH Roese, ES TI Thermal luminescense water monitor SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID HYDROLYSIS AB A thermal luminescence (TL) spectroscopy method for detecting organic impurities in water solution is presented. Infrared emissions by the dissolved organic matter are measurable, once a thermal gradient between it and the water medium is established, at those TL frequencies that are absorbed by the contaminant, following irradiation by a pulsed microwave beam. This detection window of opportunity closes as the liquid reaches thermal equilibrium at elevated temperatures and on collapse of the gradient. TL radiance liberated by a suspected contaminated water sample is scanned interferometrically about the maximum thermal gradient event, where N interferograms are acquired and grouped into contiguous sets of two, with N/2 interferogram elements per set. The coadded averages of these sets enhance the sensitivity of measurement to a small variance in emissivity and are Fourier transformed, and the adjacent spectra are subtracted. The difference spectrum is preprocessed with Linear baseline, noise filtration, scaling, and parity operators to reveal a clear emissions band signature of the solute of dimethylmethylphosphonate to concentrations of parts per 10(3) and less. An artificial neural network facilitates detection of the contaminant by pattern recognition of the contaminant's infrared band signature. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Quetron Syst Inc, Forest Hill, MD 21050 USA. RP USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Arthur.Carrieri@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 18 BP 2998 EP 3004 DI 10.1364/AO.40.002998 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 442ZP UT WOS:000169315100007 PM 18357317 ER PT J AU Hill, SC Pinnick, RG Niles, S Fell, NF Pan, YL Bottiger, J Bronk, BV Holler, S Chang, RK AF Hill, SC Pinnick, RG Niles, S Fell, NF Pan, YL Bottiger, J Bronk, BV Holler, S Chang, RK TI Fluorescence from airborne microparticles: dependence on size, concentration of fluorophores, and illumination intensity SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION RATES; BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL PROCESSES; UV FLUORESCENCE; MICRODROPLETS; SCATTERING; RESONANCES; MOLECULES AB We measured fluorescence from spherical water droplets containing tryptophan and from aggregates of bacterial cells and compared these measurements with calculations of fluorescence of dielectric spheres. The measured dependence of fluorescence on size, from both droplets and dry-particle aggregates of bacteria, is proportional to the absorption cross section calculated for homogeneous spheres containing the appropriate percentage of tryptophan. However, as the tryptophan concentration of the water droplets is increased, the measured fluorescence from droplets increases less than predicted, probably because of concentration quenching. We model the dependence of the fluorescence on input intensity by assuming that the average time between fluorescence emission events is the sum of the fluorescence lifetime and the excitation lifetime (the average time it takes for an illuminated molecule to be excited), which we calculated assuming that the intensity inside the particle is uniform. Even though the intensity inside the particles spatially varies, this assumption of uniform intensity still leads to results consistent with the measured intensity dependence. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, USAF, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Laser Diagnost, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM shill@arl.mil NR 49 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 18 BP 3005 EP 3013 DI 10.1364/AO.40.003005 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 442ZP UT WOS:000169315100008 PM 18357318 ER PT J AU Campbell, T Blasko, J Crawford, ED Forman, J Hanks, G Kuban, D Montie, J Moul, J Pollack, A Raghavan, D Ray, P Roach, M Steinberg, G Stone, N Thompson, I Vogelzang, N Vijayakumar, S AF Campbell, T Blasko, J Crawford, ED Forman, J Hanks, G Kuban, D Montie, J Moul, J Pollack, A Raghavan, D Ray, P Roach, M Steinberg, G Stone, N Thompson, I Vogelzang, N Vijayakumar, S TI Clinical staging of prostate cancer: Reproducibility and clarification of issues SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; tumor-node-metastasis (TNM); cancer staging ID DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; PREDICT PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; COMPUTERIZED-TOMOGRAPHY; SYSTEMATIC BIOPSIES; FUTURE-PROSPECTS; NODE DISSECTION; BONE-SCAN; CARCINOMA; ANTIGEN AB The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for prostate cancer adopted in 1992 is based on tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) designations. It has been widely accepted for use in local and advanced disease. The purpose of this study was to assess reproducibility of staging among observers and to help clarify staging issues. Twelve prostate cancer cases were sent to 20 physicians with special expertise in prostate cancer including eight urologists, eight radiation oncologists, and four medical oncologists. Physicians were asked to assign a stage based on the 1992 AJCC clinical staging. The most frequently reported stage assigned to each case was taken to be the consensus. Agreement was the percentage of physicians who reported that particular stage. Seventy-five percent of the physicians responded. The overall agreement for assignment of T stage was 63.9%. Differences were found by specialty for inclusion of available information in designating a T stage. The overall agreement for N stage was 73.8%. The most common designation was Nx regardless of availability of a computed tomography scan. The overall agreement for M stage was 76.6%. Without a bone scan the most common designation was Mr regardless of Gleason grade or prostate-specific antigen (PSA). A frequent comment was that PSA was more indicative of disease extent than current clinical staging. The reproducibility of the 1992 clinical AJCC staging is poor even among experts in the field. This problem arises primarily from disagreement regarding which studies are included in assigning a stage. Some of these difficulties are addressed in the 1997 revision. However, the clinical staging does not address the true biological. significance of disease in many instances. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Illinois, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol MC933, Outpatient Care Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Cook Cty Hosp, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Seattle Prostate Inst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Vijayakumar, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol MC933, Outpatient Care Ctr, 1800 W Taylor St,Rm C-400, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD JUN 20 PY 2001 VL 96 IS 3 BP 198 EP 209 DI 10.1002/ijc.1017 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 439VG UT WOS:000169137800007 PM 11410889 ER PT J AU Epperly, TD Moore, KE AF Epperly, TD Moore, KE TI Osteoporosis in men - In reply SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter ID HEALTH ISSUES; ALENDRONATE; DISORDERS C1 USA, Eisenmed Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Epperly, TD (reprint author), USA, Eisenmed Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 12 BP 2331 EP 2332 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 445BH UT WOS:000169437900003 ER PT J AU Elmer, KB George, RM AF Elmer, KB George, RM TI HAIR-AN syndrome: A multisystem challenge SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; WOMENS HEALTH; HYPERANDROGENISM; HYPERINSULINEMIA; DISORDERS; ANDROGENS AB HAIR-AN syndrome is an acronym for an unusual multisystem disorder in women that consists of hyperandrogenism (HA), insulin resistance (IR) and acanthosis nigricans (AN). The precipitating abnormality is thought to be insulin resistance, with a secondary increase in insulin levels and subsequent overproduction of androgens in the ovaries. Long periods of hyperinsulinism and, some suspect, hyperandrogenism can result in the cutaneous manifestation of acanthosis nigricans. Patients are often concerned about the physical manifestations of this disorder, including virilization and acanthosis nigricans, and may be less aware of systemic problems. Physicians should assess women with these problems for an underlying endocrine abnormality. Although a treatment regimen for the HAIR-AN syndrome has not been established, antiandrogen therapy and weight loss are useful. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elmer, KB (reprint author), 107 Rimdale, Universal City, TX 78148 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 12 BP 2385 EP 2390 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 445BH UT WOS:000169437900007 PM 11430453 ER PT J AU Shry, EA Smithers, MA Mascette, AM AF Shry, EA Smithers, MA Mascette, AM TI Auscultation versus echocardiography in a healthy population with precordial murmur SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTOLIC MURMURS; HEART MURMURS; DISEASE C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Div Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Pikes Peak Cardiol Grp, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shry, EA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Div Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 12 BP 1428 EP 1430 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01572-7 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 441NW UT WOS:000169237300025 PM 11397373 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL AF Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL TI Generation and biochemical analysis of human effector CD4 T cells: alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation and loss of CD3 zeta expression SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; ANTIGENIC-STIMULATION; DOWN-MODULATION; DECREASED EXPRESSION; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; SIGNALING MOLECULES; GENE-EXPRESSION; DENDRITIC CELLS; HELPER-CELLS AB Human effector T cells have been difficult to Isolate and characterize due to their phenotypic and functional similarity to the memory subset, In this study, a biochemical approach was used to analyze human effector CD4 T cells generated in vitro by activation with anti-CD3 and autologous monocytes for 3 to 5 days. The resultant effector cells expressed the appropriate activation/differentiation markers and secreted high levels of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) when restimulated. Biochemically, effector CD4 T cells exhibited increases in total intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation and effector-associated phosphorylated species. Paradoxically, these alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation were concomitant with greatly reduced expression of CD3 zeta and CD3 epsilon signaling subunits coincident with a reduction in surface T-cell receptor (TCR) expression. Because loss of CD3 zeta has also been detected in T cells isolated ex vivo from individuals with cancer, chronic viral infection, and autoimmune diseases, the requirements and kinetics of CD3 zeta down-regulation were examined. The loss of CD3 zeta expression persisted throughout the course of effector T-cell differentiation, was reversible on removal from the activating stimulus, and was modulated by activation conditions. These biochemical changes occurred in effector T cells generated from naive or memory CD4 T-cell precursors and distinguished effector from memory T cells. The results suggest that human effector T-cell differentiation is accompanied by alterations in the TCR signal transduction and that loss of CD3 zeta expression may be a feature of chronic T-cell activation and effector generation in vivo. (C) 2001 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Farber, DL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Surg, MSTF Bldg,Rm 400,685 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42092, AI42269] NR 55 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 97 IS 12 BP 3851 EP 3859 DI 10.1182/blood.V97.12.3851 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 440FB UT WOS:000169164300029 PM 11389026 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Zandi, B Lozykowski, HJ Jadwisienczak, WM Brown, I AF Gruber, JB Zandi, B Lozykowski, HJ Jadwisienczak, WM Brown, I TI Crystal-field splitting of Pr3+ (4f (2)) energy levels in GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; LUMINESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTRA; EXCITATION; INP; ER AB We have calculated the crystal-field splitting of the energy levels of Pr3+ in GaN and have compared these results to an analysis reported recently of the photoluminescence and the cathodoluminescence spectra of Pr3+ implanted in GaN by metal organic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrates. The lattice location of Pr in GaN determined recently by the emission channeling technique, provides direct evidence that substitutional Ga sites are thermally stable lattice positions for Pr. The lattice-sum calculations with Pr occupying Ga sites include effective ionic charges, multipole polarizabilities, and structural information also available in the literature. From the calculations, we conclude that the majority of the reported emission spectra is associated with Pr3+ ions in a common site with transitions from excited P-3(0) and P-3(1) states to crystal-field split multiplets, H-3(4) (the ground state), F-3(J), and (1)G(4). (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Ohio Univ, Stocker Ctr, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 12 BP 7973 EP 7976 DI 10.1063/1.1372158 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 440PM UT WOS:000169183500044 ER PT J AU Xia, ZY Sue, HJ Hsieh, AJ Huang, JWL AF Xia, ZY Sue, HJ Hsieh, AJ Huang, JWL TI Dynamic mechanical behavior of oriented semicrystalline polyethylene terephthalate SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dynamic mechanical analysis; molecular orientation; polyethylene terephthalate; equal-channel angular extrusion ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR; SIMPLE SHEAR; SECONDARY RELAXATION; DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; POLYCARBONATE PLATE; ALPHA-RELAXATION; ORIENTATION; FILMS; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE) AB The dynamic mechanical behavior of molecularly oriented semicrystalline polyethylene terephthalate (PET) induced via the equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process was investigated. Dynamic mechanical analyses in both torsional mode and bending mode were utilized. The results indicate that the ECAE-oriented PET has a higher dynamic storage modulus above the glass-transition temperature than that of the reference (control sample). The combined effect of molecular orientation and crystallinity is responsible for the changes in the primary and secondary relaxations of PET. Further analyses show that the shifting and broadening of the primary and secondary peak positions in oriented PET are mainly due to the amorphous-phase orientation because the crystallinity of PET decreases upon the ECAE processing A good correlation was found between the structural anisotropy and the dynamic mechanical properties. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Polymer Technol Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, AMSRL WM MA,Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Dow Chem Co USA, Freeport, TX 77541 USA. RP Sue, HJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Polymer Technol Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Sue, HJ/A-4051-2008 OI Sue, HJ/0000-0002-3898-4469 NR 42 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 12 BP 1394 EP 1403 DI 10.1002/polb.1111 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 433VT UT WOS:000168781900013 ER PT J AU Read, J Foster, D Wolfenstine, J Behl, W AF Read, J Foster, D Wolfenstine, J Behl, W TI SnO2-carbon composites for lithium-ion battery anodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium-ion; anodes; SnO2; composite; carbon ID INTERCALATION; GRAPHITE; CARBONS; SNO2; TIN AB A SnO2-carbon composite prepared by heat treating a mixture of colloidal SnO2 and sucrose demonstrated a reversible lithium storage capacity of 680 mA h/g on the 1st cycle. The discharge curve of the composite did not exhibit the 1.0 V plateau characteristic of SnO2. The high reversible capacity of the composite suggests that lithium is stored in both tin and carbon. The composite demonstrated reduced capacity fade over SnO2 as well as SnO:graphite and Sn:graphite composites. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Read, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 105 Z9 115 U1 17 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 96 IS 2 BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00569-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 442DZ UT WOS:000169271100001 ER PT J AU Yang, H Kiserow, DJ McGown, LB AF Yang, H Kiserow, DJ McGown, LB TI Effects of bile salts on the solubility and activity of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase in AOT reversed micelles SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS B-ENZYMATIC LA English DT Article DE micelles; buffer solution; bile salt ID PH CONDITIONS; ENZYMES; MICROREACTOR; COSURFACTANT; SOLVENTS AB The effects of two bile salts, sodium taurocholate (NaTC) and 3-[(3-cholamidylpropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), on the solubility, stability and catalytic activity of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) in bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) reversed micelles are reported. Spectroscopic measurements of extrinsic fluorescent probes and intrinsic fluorescent residues of YADH indicate that adding bile salt to AOT reversed micelles changes the relative polarity of the interfacial region and the rotational freedom of the solubilized enzyme. Activity measurements were performed using ethanol as the substrate and beta -nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (beta -NAD) as the coenzyme. YADH activity in the reversed micelles is optimal at pH 8.0 and increases with increasing omega(omega = [water]/[AOT]), presumably due to larger water pools in the micellar interior. Activity is lower in the AOT micelles than in buffer solution but some activity is regained upon addition of bile salt. Addition of bile salt also increases the stability of YADH in the reversed micelles. Kinetic analysis of the enzymatic reaction data shows that YADH has a lower affinity for ethanol in reversed micelles than in buffer, likely due to partitioning of the ethanol among the different phases in the reversed micellar media. Bile salts increase both the affinity of YADH for ethanol and the reaction velocity in the reversed micelles. The effects of bile salt are attributed primarily to an increase in the size of the water pool in the reversed micelle in the presence of bile salt, which allows the enzyme to assume a more active conformation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Paul M Gross Chem Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP McGown, LB (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Paul M Gross Chem Lab, Box 90346, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1177 J9 J MOL CATAL B-ENZYM JI J. Mol. Catal. B-Enzym. PD JUN 12 PY 2001 VL 14 IS 1-3 BP 7 EP 14 DI 10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00236-8 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 441MV UT WOS:000169234900002 ER PT J AU Choe, JY Ravichandran, D Blomquist, SM Morton, DC Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Lee, U AF Choe, JY Ravichandran, D Blomquist, SM Morton, DC Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Lee, U TI Alkoxy sol-gel derived Y3-xAl5O12 : Tb-x thin films as efficient cathodoluminescent phosphors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-DEPOSITION AB Thin-film Y3-xAl5O12:Tb-x(3+) (YAG:Tb) phosphor derived from a sol-gel chemistry is analyzed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL). The metal alkoxides organic precursors were chosen as the starting materials to form the sol-gel. This liquid sol-gel was spin coated on sapphire and silicon substrates to form the uniform thin films, then crystallized by annealing. The PL intensity of the crystallized film at 545 nm green emission was 15 times higher than that of the as-coated noncrystalline film. CL measurements show that luminance and efficiency are comparable to the films deposited by other techniques. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Electroopt & Photon, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, Div RF & Elect, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Choe, JY (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 99 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 24 BP 3800 EP 3802 DI 10.1063/1.1378313 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 441JA UT WOS:000169226200012 ER PT J AU Ozgur, U Lee, CW Everitt, HO AF Ozgur, U Lee, CW Everitt, HO TI Control of coherent acoustic phonons in semiconductor quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PIEZOELECTRIC FIELDS; SUPERLATTICES; GAN; OSCILLATIONS; EXCITATION; SCATTERING; STATE; ALN; INN AB Using subpicosecond optical pump-probe techniques, coherent zone-folded longitudinal acoustic phonons (ZFLAPs) were investigated in an InGaN multiple quantum well structure. A two-pump differential transmission technique was used to generate and control coherent ZFLAP oscillations through the relative timing and amplitude of the two pump pulses. Enhancement and suppression of ZFLAP oscillations were demonstrated, including complete cancellation of generated acoustic phonons for the first time in any material system. Coherent control was used to demonstrate that ZFLAPs are generated differently in InGaN multiple quantum wells than in GaAs/AlAs superlattices. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Everitt, HO (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013; Lee, Chang-Won/C-2709-2009 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768; Lee, Chang-Won/0000-0003-0546-0439 NR 24 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2001 VL 86 IS 24 BP 5604 EP 5607 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.5604 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 441PV UT WOS:000169239500050 PM 11415312 ER PT J AU LaMonica, R Kocer, SS Nazarova, J Dowling, W Geimonen, E Shaw, RD Mackow, ER AF LaMonica, R Kocer, SS Nazarova, J Dowling, W Geimonen, E Shaw, RD Mackow, ER TI VP4 differentially regulates TRAF2 signaling, disengaging JNK activation while directing NF-kappa B to effect rotavirus-specific cellular responses SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR RECEPTOR; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; ALPHA-INDUCED ACTIVATION; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; PROTEIN-KINASE PKR; TERMINAL KINASE; TNF-ALPHA; C-JUN; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN AB Rotaviruses rapidly activate NF-kappaB and induce the secretion of selected chemokines after infection. The ability of rotavirus particles lacking genomic RNA to activate NF-kappaB suggested that rotavirus proteins direct cell signaling responses. We identified conserved TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) binding motifs within the rotavirus capsid protein VP4 and its N-terminal VP8* cleavage product. TRAFs (-1, -2, and -3) are bound by the rhesus rotavirus VP8* protein through three discrete TRAF binding domains. Expression of VP4 or VP8* from rhesus or human rotaviruses induced a 5-7-fold increase in NF-kappaB activity and synergistically enhanced TRAF2-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Mutagenesis of VP8* TRAF binding motifs abolished VP8* binding to TRAFs and the ability of the protein to activate NF-kappaB. Expression of pathway-specific dominant negative (DN) inhibitors DN-TRAF2 or DN-NF-kappaB-inducing kinase also abolished VP8*-, VP4-, or rotavirus-mediated NF-kappaB activation. These findings demonstrate that rotavirus primarily activates NF-kappaB through a TRAF2-NF-kappaB-inducing kinase signaling pathway and that VP4 and VP8* proteins direct pathway activation through interactions with cellular TRAFs, In contrast, transcriptional responses from AP-1 reporters were inhibited 5-fold by VP8* and were not activated by rotavirus infection, suggesting the differential regulation of TRAF2 signaling responses by VP8*. VP8* blocked JNK activation directed by TRAF2 or TRAF5 but had no effect on JNK activation directed by TRAF6 or MEKK1, This establishes that fully cytoplasmic rotaviruses selectively engage signaling pathways, which regulate cellular transcriptional responses. These findings also demonstrate that TRAF2 interactions can disengage JNK signaling from NF-kappaB activation and thereby provide a new means for TRAF2 interactions to determine pathway-specific responses. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Mol Cell Biol Program, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Northport, NY 11768 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Mackow, ER (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Med, HSC T17,Rm 60, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42150, AI44917, R01 AI044917, AI31016] NR 80 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 23 BP 19889 EP 19896 DI 10.1074/jbc.M100499200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 439UC UT WOS:000169135100029 PM 11262403 ER PT J AU Dennis, DT Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Fine, AD Friedlander, AM Hauer, J Layton, M Lillibridge, SR McDade, JE Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Tonat, K AF Dennis, DT Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Fine, AD Friedlander, AM Hauer, J Layton, M Lillibridge, SR McDade, JE Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Tonat, K CA Working Grp Civilian Biodef TI Tularemia as a biological weapon - Medical and public health management SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; BORNE TULAREMIA; CIPROFLOXACIN; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; WARFARE; FLUOROQUINOLONES; GENTAMICIN; DIAGNOSIS; TERRORISM AB Objective The Working Group on Civilian Biodefense has developed consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if tularemia is used as a biological weapon against a civilian population. Participants The working group included 25 representatives from academic medical centers, civilian and military governmental agencies, and other public health and emergency management institutions and agencies. Evidence MEDLINE databases were searched from January 1966 to October 2000, using the Medical Subject Headings Francisella tularensis, Pasteurella tularensis, biological weapon, biological terrorism, bioterrorism, biological warfare, and biowarfare. Review of these references led to identification of relevant materials published prior to 1966, In addition, participants identified other references and sources. Consensus Process Three formal drafts of the statement that synthesized information obtained in the formal evidence-gathering process were reviewed by members of the working group. Consensus was achieved on the final draft. Conclusions A weapon using airborne tularemia would likely result 3 to 5 days later in an outbreak of acute, undifferentiated febrile illness with incipient pneumonia, pleuritis, and hilar lymphadenopathy. Specific epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological findings should lead to early suspicion of intentional tularemia in an alert health system; laboratory confirmation of agent could be delayed. Without treatment, the clinical course could progress to respiratory failure, shock, and death. Prompt treatment with streptomycin, gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin is recommended. Prophylactic use of doxycycline or ciprofloxacin may be useful in the early postexposure period. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. New York City Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis, New York, NY 10013 USA. Kroll Associates, New York, NY USA. Ican Inc, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Emergency Preparedness, Rockville, MD USA. RP Dennis, DT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, POB 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 102 TC 767 Z9 792 U1 8 U2 74 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 6 PY 2001 VL 285 IS 21 BP 2763 EP 2773 DI 10.1001/jama.285.21.2763 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 437HG UT WOS:000168985800030 PM 11386933 ER PT J AU Gross, SM Roberts, GW Kiserov, DJ DeSimone, JM AF Gross, SM Roberts, GW Kiserov, DJ DeSimone, JM TI Synthesis of high molecular weight polycarbonate by solid-state polymerization SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL CO2; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYCONDENSATION AB The solid-state polymerization (SSP) of small particles (20 mum) of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) resulted in high molecular weight material (M-w of 36 000 g/mol). Molecular weight distribution broadening was not observed in polycarbonate in the form of small granulated powders but did occur in large polycarbonate beads (3.6 mm diameter). We hypothesize that this broadening is due to slow diffusion of phenol inside the larger polymer particles. A systematic investigation of the role of CO2 pressure and temperature was performed. It was found that the increase in molecular weight was a strong function of CO2 pressure and temperature. Additionally, the chain extension reactions occurred faster at higher supercritical CO2 flow rates. The SSP of polycarbonate in the presence of supercritical CO2 can be accomplished at temperatures as low as 90 degreesC, which is 60 degreesC lower than the T, of polycarbonate at normal conditions. This should suppress the side reactions that lead to color body formation, thereby resulting in a product with good optical clarity and color. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venable & Kenan Labs, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kiserov, DJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venable & Kenan Labs, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 5 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 12 BP 3916 EP 3920 DI 10.1021/ma001958h PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 438JC UT WOS:000169049000020 ER PT J AU Nagarajan, R Liu, W Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA AF Nagarajan, R Liu, W Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA TI Manipulating DNA conformation using intertwined conducting polymer chains SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYANILINE; WATER; MOLECULES; FILMS; BASES; ACID) AB In the field of inherently conducting polymers,polyaniline (Pani) has elicited tremendous interest due to its promising electrical properties and unique redox tunability. Synthetic routes involving the use of polyelectrolytes have significantly improved the processability of polyaniline. Recently,a template guided synthesis catalyzed by an enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), has provided a means of polymerizing aniline under milder pH conditions (pH 4.3) and subsequently widened the. choice of templates to more delicate biological macromolecules. Here we report a strategy that exploits the inherent molecular order as well as the polyelectrolyte behavior of DNA to enzymatically synthesize and biologically assemble conducting polyaniline. This "wrapping" of polyaniline on DNA has been. found to induce reversible changes in the secondary structure of DNA, leading to the formation of an over-wound polymorph. The polyaniline synthesized on the DNA also exhibited a template-induced macroasymmetry. This unique polyaniline/DNA intertwined complex has been used to "probe" and control the conformation of the DNA double helix. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Samuelson, LA (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 38 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 5 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 12 BP 3921 EP 3927 DI 10.1021/ma0021287 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 438JC UT WOS:000169049000021 ER PT J AU Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Painter, AC Tan, NB AF Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Painter, AC Tan, NB TI Screening effects in solutions of a hyperbranched, dendrimer-like polyester SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID BONDED POLYMER BLENDS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUP ACCESSIBILITY; MODEL AB We have previously shown that infrared spectroscopy can be used to "count" the number of contacts in hydrogen-bonded system. We use such information to determine appropriate self- and interassociation equilibrium constant values and at the same time take into account the intramolecular "screening" in polymer blends and solutions. The calculated values reported here for screening, and hence the accessibility of the functional groups in a hyperbranched polyester, are based on the interassociation equilibrium constants obtained from the low molecular weight counterparts of the hyperbranched repeat units and give a measure of the accessibility of functional groups in these highly branched systems. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Painter, AC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 5 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 12 BP 4145 EP 4150 DI 10.1021/ma001101k PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 438JC UT WOS:000169049000050 ER PT J AU Brynan, BE Lesikar, SE AF Brynan, BE Lesikar, SE TI The shared etiology of major depression and migraine headache. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 11 SU S MA 896 BP S241 EP S241 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 437RB UT WOS:000169006400869 ER PT J AU Campbell, KE Brundage, J Frommelt, R AF Campbell, KE Brundage, J Frommelt, R TI Population-based study of fully-employed women who have babies: Hospitalization experience. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 11 SU S MA 504 BP S143 EP S143 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 437RB UT WOS:000169006400490 ER PT J AU Cowan, DN Erickson, RL Watts, B Ducker, D AF Cowan, DN Erickson, RL Watts, B Ducker, D TI The epidemiologic investigation and research experience of army preventive medicine physicians (APMP). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 11 SU S MA 840 BP S227 EP S227 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 437RB UT WOS:000169006400814 ER PT J AU Frommelt, R Brundage, J AF Frommelt, R Brundage, J TI Noncombat firearm-related injury in the active duty us military, 1990-1999. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 11 SU S MA 434 BP S126 EP S126 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 437RB UT WOS:000169006400424 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Yuan, CM TI Transjugular biopsy in patients with combined renal and liver disease: Making every organ count SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE; HIGH-RISK PATIENTS; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; HEPATORENAL-SYNDROME; INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY; VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; CIRRHOSIS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Intervent Radiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Intervent Radiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1304 EP 1307 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 450EW UT WOS:000169729400029 PM 11382704 ER PT J AU Morrison, WB Sanders, TG Parsons, TW Penrod, BJ AF Morrison, WB Sanders, TG Parsons, TW Penrod, BJ TI Preoperative CT-guided hookwire needle localization of musculoskeletal lesions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCCULT BREAST-LESIONS; OSTEOID OSTEOMA; THORACOSCOPIC RESECTION; PULMONARY NODULES; EXPERIENCE; PLACEMENT C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. RP Morrison, WB (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 176 IS 6 BP 1531 EP 1533 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436HF UT WOS:000168929900033 PM 11373227 ER PT J AU Sauer, SW Keim, ME AF Sauer, SW Keim, ME TI Hydroxocobalamin: Improved public health readiness for cyanide disasters SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SMOKE-INHALATION VICTIMS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; CONSCIOUS DOGS; ANTIDOTES; HOSPITALS; PHARMACOKINETICS; CYANOCOBALAMIN; EMERGENCY; TOXICITY; HYDROXYCOBALAMIN AB The United Stales is under the constant threat of a mass casualty cyanide disaster from industrial accidents, hazardous material transportation incidents, and deliberate terrorist attacks. The current readiness for cyanide disaster by the emergency medical system in the United States is abysmal. We, as a nation, are simply not prepared for a significant cyanide-related event. The standard of care for cyanide intoxication is the cyanide antidote kit, which is based on the use of nitrites to induce methemoglobinemia. This kit is both expensive and ill suited for out-of-hospital use. It also has its own inherent toxicity that prevents rapid administration. Furthermore, our hospitals frequently fail to stock this life-saving antidote or decline to stock more than one. Hydroxocobalamin is well recognized as an efficacious, safe, and easily administered cyanide antidote. Because of its extremely low adverse effect profile, it is ideal for out-of-hospital use in suspected cyanide intoxication. To effectively prepare for a cyanide disaster, the United States must investigate, adopt, manufacture, and stockpile hydroxocobalamin to prevent needless morbidity and mortality. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, USA, Med Corps, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Publ Hlth, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Keim, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-F38, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 53 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 37 IS 6 BP 635 EP 641 DI 10.1067/mem.2001.114315 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 438UE UT WOS:000169072000011 PM 11385334 ER PT J AU Davis, KG Aspera, G AF Davis, KG Aspera, G TI Exposure to liquid sulfur mustard SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SKIN MANIFESTATIONS; CHEMICAL WARFARE; GAS AB Chemical weapons continue to pose a serious threat to humanity. With the use of chemical weapons by terrorists in Tokyo, and the projected disarming of the chemical weapon stockpile in this country, the possibility that emergency physicians will encounter patients contaminated by chemical munitions, such as sulfur mustard, exists. Mustard is a vesicating agent with a long latency between exposure and symptoms. Exposure can cause burns, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and death. We describe 3 workers exposed to mustard at a chemical weapon storage facility. This article reports the first case of an exposure to mustard at a storage facility, as well as the first documented incident occurring in the United States. All physicians who manage patients in an acute care setting should be aware of the presentation and emergency treatments involving patients contaminated with mustard. C1 USA, Hlth Clin, Pine Bluff Arsenal, Pine Bluff, AR USA. RP Davis, KG (reprint author), 10901 Loma de Rio, El Paso, TX 79934 USA. NR 15 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 37 IS 6 BP 653 EP 656 DI 10.1067/mem.2001.114322 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 438UE UT WOS:000169072000014 PM 11385337 ER PT J AU Kramer, FM Lesher, LL Meiselman, HL AF Kramer, FM Lesher, LL Meiselman, HL TI Monotony and choice: repeated serving of the same item to soldiers under field conditions SO APPETITE LA English DT Article ID MEAL; ACCEPTANCE; VARIETY C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geo Ctr, Newton, MA USA. RP Kramer, FM (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 4 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2001 VL 36 IS 3 BP 239 EP 240 DI 10.1006/appe.2001.0395 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 441PF UT WOS:000169238200007 PM 11358349 ER PT J AU Anderson, JE Webb, SR Fischer, RL Kester, KM Brown, BL AF Anderson, JE Webb, SR Fischer, RL Kester, KM Brown, BL TI Baseline and in vivo total photoluminescence of endospore material using the parasitoid wasp C-congregata SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE endospores; total photoluminescence spectroscopy; biohazard ID TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; STEADY-STATE; FLUORESCENCE; SPORES AB In a laboratory test, total luminescence spectroscopy was used to detect and measure the in vivo presence of a biohazard surrogate, endospores of Bacillus megaterium, within the parasitoid wasp C. congregata (Say) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae). Upon emergence, exposed wasps were allowed to feed on five different concentrations of endospores suspended in 5 mt of honey solution. After 12 h insects were chilled at -80 degreesC for 5 min to permit capture. Aqueous suspensions were prepared by homogenizing the wasps in 3 mt of deionized water. The total excitation-emission matrix (EEM) was measured for each suspension by using an SLM Series 2 luminescence spectrometer. For wasps exposed to spore concentrations of 3.0 x 10(2) to 3.0 x 10(6) colony forming units (CFU)/mL, two intensity maxima were observed. The emission for tryptophan was identified at excitation (Ex) 300 nm and emission (Em) 350 nm, A second emission that resulted from other biological materials including nitroheterocyclic compounds and endospores occurred at Ex 350 nm and Em 420 mm, Changes in the ratio of intensity between the tryptophan and second emission were found to be related to endospore material present in the suspensions at original feeding concentrations of 15 000 to 15 million spores. Intensity ratios for the positive samples equaled 0.9, while the intensity ratios for the control equaled 1.9. One notable difference recorded for the emission spectra was an apparent, but minor, red shift of approximately 5 nm of the second emission when compared against a signature library of pure cultures. Diagnostic information such as this should contribute to methods for the detection and potential identification of biohazard materials with the use of photoluminescence. C1 USA, ERDC Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Anderson, JE (reprint author), USA, ERDC Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 55 IS 6 BP 684 EP 689 DI 10.1366/0003702011952604 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 452DK UT WOS:000169841700006 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL Helsel, DR AF James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL Helsel, DR TI Changes in sediment characteristics following drawdown of Big Muskego Lake, Wisconsin SO ARCHIV FUR HYDROBIOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE internal loading; porewater ammonium; phosphorus; shallow lakes; rehabilitation ID LITTORAL SEDIMENTS; SHALLOW LAKES; PHOSPHORUS; WATER; PHOSPHATE; GROWTH AB Changes in surficial sediment physical and chemical composition and internal P loadings due to lake drawdown and refill to promote macrophyte growth in shallow Big Muskego Lake, Wisconsin were examined. Thirteen percent of the sediment area was exposed for similar to1 year, while over 80 % of the sediment area was exposed for a period of 6 months. Mean sediment (upper 10 cm) moisture content and organic matter content decreased (92 % to 86 % and 45 % to 39 %, respectively), while sediment density increased from a mean of 0.078 g/mL to 0.149 g/mL due to lake draw down, suggesting consolidation of sediment and some oxidation of organic matter in the sediment. Porewater ammonium-nitrogen and soluble reactive phosphorus, and laboratory-based rates of phosphorus release from sediment, increased substantially shortly after lake refill, but then declined 1 year later. Total phosphorus and extractable phosphorus forms of the surficial sediment declined in both concentration and mass after drawdown, which may be attributed to uptake by biota. These positive (i.e., sediment consolidation) and negative (i.e., sediment nutrient release) impacts of drawdown on sediment dynamics need to be considered in shallow lake rehabilitation programs. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0003-9136 J9 ARCH HYDROBIOL JI Arch. Hydrobiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 151 IS 3 BP 459 EP 474 PG 16 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 448FA UT WOS:000169615200007 ER PT J AU Betros, L AF Betros, L TI Political partisanship and the military ethic in America SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID US MILITARY AB The article addresses the results of a recently published survey on civil-military relations that revealed a close affiliation between the officer corps and the Republican Party. Based largely on these results, the directors of the survey concluded that officers have violated their professional ethic by abandoning the tradition of political neutrality. The article first examines the reasons for the Republican bias, which include the conservatism of the GOP vis-a-vis the Democratic Party, as well as institutional changes within the military over the past three decades. Second, it assesses the effect of the Republican bias on officer professionalism. The evidence suggests that voting does not, by itself, compromise an officer's ability to act responsibly, the principal measure of professionalism. Officers who vote are not constrained from performing their professional duties competently and rendering expert, unbiased advice to civilian leaders. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Betros, L (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 501 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0102700401 PG 24 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 470WQ UT WOS:000170894700001 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, MG TI Authorship and affiliation in Armed Forces & Society: Volumes 1-25 SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 94th Annual Meeting of the American-Sociological-Association CY AUG 06-11, 1999 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Sociol Assoc ID MULTIPLE AUTHORSHIP; SOCIOLOGY JOURNALS; TRENDS; PUBLICATION; ECONOMICS; SCIENCE; GENDER; FOCUS AB Armed Forces & Society (AF&S), is a major scholarly outlet for social scientists interested in military subjects, and in 1999 completed 25 volumes of continuous publication. This article presents data on authorship and affiliations for volumes 1-25 of AF&S and compares the findings to studies of other scholarly journals. Topical areas of analysis include (co)authorship, sex configurations of (co)authors, and academic, regionaL and institutional affiliations of authors. Results show the journal to be fairly international and highly interdisciplinary. Overall, AF&S is both similar and dissimilar along a number of sociodemographic dimensions compared with other sociology and specialty area journals. C1 US Mil Acad, MADN, BS&L, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, MADN, BS&L, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 623 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0102700406 PG 17 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 470WQ UT WOS:000170894700006 ER PT J AU Wilson, I AF Wilson, I TI Shaping and signaling presidential policy: The national security decision making of Eisenhower and Kennedy. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Wilson, I (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 649 EP 652 DI 10.1177/0095327X0102700412 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 470WQ UT WOS:000170894700012 ER PT J AU Basso, J AF Basso, J TI Greed and grievance: Economic agendas in civil wars. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Basso, J (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 652 EP 655 DI 10.1177/0095327X0102700413 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 470WQ UT WOS:000170894700013 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Warke, VG Krishnan, S Dennis, G Wong, HK Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Warke, VG Krishnan, S Dennis, G Wong, HK Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI T cell signaling abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with increased mutations/polymorphisms and splice variants of T cell receptor zeta chain messenger RNA SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FC-RECEPTORS; TRANSDUCTION; PROTEIN; ETA; LYMPHOCYTES; BINDING AB Objective. T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display antigen receptor-mediated signaling aberrations associated with defective T cell receptor (TCR) zeta chain protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. This study was undertaken to explore the possibility that coding-region mutations/polymorphisms of the TCR zeta chain could account for its decreased expression and altered signaling in SLE T cells. Methods. TCR zeta chain mRNA from 48 SLE patients, 18 disease controls, and 21 healthy volunteers was reverse transcribed, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and cloned, and complementary DNA (cDNA) was sequenced. DNA sequences from multiple clones were analyzed for silent single-nucleotide polymorphisms, mutations, and splice variations, to promote the identification of heterozygosity. Results. DNA sequence analysis revealed several widely distributed missense mutations and silent polymorphisms in the coding region of the TCR zeta chain, which were more frequent in SLE patients than in patients with other rheumatic diseases or healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Several of the missense mutations were located in the 3 immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs or the GTP binding domain, and this could lead to functional alterations in the TCR chain. A splice variant of the TCR zeta chain with a codon CAG (glutamine) insertion between exons IV and V was found in half of the SLE and control samples. Two larger spliced isoforms of the TCR zeta chain, with an insertion of 145 bases and 93 bases between exons I and II, were found only in SLE T cells. We also identified various alternatively spliced forms of the TCR zeta chain resulting from the deletion of individual exons II, VI, or VII, or a combined deletion of exons V and VI; VI and VII; II, III, and IV; or V, VI, and VII in SLE T cells. The frequency of the deletion splice variants was significantly higher in SLE than in control samples (P = 0.004). These variations were observed in cDNA and may not reflect the status of the genomic DNA. Conclusion. These findings demonstrate that heterogeneous mutations/polymorphisms and alternative splicing of TCR chain cDNA are more frequent in SLE T cells than in T cells from non-SLE subjects and may underlie the molecular basis of known T cell signaling abnormalities in this disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bldg 503 Room 1A32,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI-42269]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR-39501] NR 52 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1336 EP 1350 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200106)44:6<1336::AID-ART226>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 15 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 485JK UT WOS:000171751100015 PM 11407693 ER PT J AU Sukwit, S Chuenchitra, T Samakoses, R Songprasom, K Aree, C Akapirat, S Panjapornsuk, K Ubol, S Nitayaphan, S AF Sukwit, S Chuenchitra, T Samakoses, R Songprasom, K Aree, C Akapirat, S Panjapornsuk, K Ubol, S Nitayaphan, S TI Flow cytometric detection of intracellular cytokines in peripheral blood of HIV-1 infected Thai children SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SINGLE-CELL ANALYSIS; T-CELLS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; HETEROGENEITY; TYPE-1; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; ANTIBODIES AB The objective of this study was to determine changes in Th1/Th2 cytokine production at the cellular level which occur during the progression of HIV-1 subtype E infection in Thai children born to HIV-1 subtype E infected mothers. Mitogen stimulated whole blood cultures from 12 uninfected and 27 HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children were stained Intracellularly with fluorescein labelled monoclonal antibodies against Interleukin (IL)-2 and IFN-gamma (Th1 cytokines) and IL-4 (Th2 cytokine). Additionally, co-staining of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was performed. Results were analyzed by two and three color flow cytometry. The percentage of IFN-gamma expressing cells In CD4(+) T cells was increased in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with mild and moderate immunosuppression (immunological categories 1 + 2, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) staging system, 1994). The percentages of IFN-gamma expression was continuously enhanced accompanied by remaining preserved in the proportion of IL-2 producing T cells in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with severe immunosuppression (immunological category 3, CDC staging system, 1994). The percentages of IFN-gamma expression was continuously augmented whereas the proportion of IL-2 producing T cells remained unchanged in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai Children with severe immunosuppression (immunological category 3, CDC staging system, 1994). The percentage of Th2 cytokine producing cells within the CD4(+) ad CD8(+) T cells increased in HIV-1 subtype E Infected individuals and showed a significant difference in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with AIDS compared with uninfected infants. These results suggest that in vertically acquired HIV-1 Infection with severe immunosuppression, the percentages of IL-2 producing CD4(+) T cell was consistent but the percentages of IL-4 and IFN-gamma producing cell were increased. Similar results were found for CD8(+) T cells in which IL-4 producing cells were increased in conjunction with a remaining in the number of IL-2 producing cells in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children. Thus, changes in the Th1 and Th2 cytokine pattern during HIV-1 infection may contribute to the prognosis of HIV disease in children. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Thai Component, Div Res, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Sukwit, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Thai Component, Div Res, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALLERGY IMMUNOL SOC THAILAND, PI BANGKOK PA MAHIDOL UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL, FACULTY TROPICAL MED, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-877X J9 ASIAN PAC J ALLERGY JI Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 488XX UT WOS:000171963100007 PM 11699717 ER PT J AU Santee, WR Allison, WF Blanchard, LA Small, MG AF Santee, WR Allison, WF Blanchard, LA Small, MG TI A proposed model for load carriage on sloped terrain SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE exercise; energy consumption; modeling; negative work; backpacking ID DOWNHILL WALKING; RESPONSES; MEN AB Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for uphill and downhill load carriage. Relative to level walking, net energy costs increase with uphill movement and decrease moving downhill To simulate load carriage over complex terrain, a model must estimate the lost of downhill movement. The net cost of downhill movement is expected to reach a minimum value, then increase as work is required to maintain stability. Thus, downhill costs cannot be simply extrapolated from a lineal relationship Tor uphill work. Method: Oxygen uptake ((V) over dot o(2)) was measured for 16 subjects during test sessions which consisted of walking at 1.34 m . s(-1) on a single grade (-12%, -10%, -8%, -4%, -2%, 0%, +4%, +8% and +12%) with a 0, 9.1- or 18.1-kg load. Results: No significant gender differences were found, therefore data were pooled. The minimum ilo, values occurred at -8% grade. Conclusion: Our model assumes that the total energy requirement (WT) is the sum of the cost of level walking (WL) plus the cost of vertical displacement (Wv) for the total mass (body plus load). For uphill work, Wv was calculated by multiplying the cost of vertical displacement by an efficiency factor. For downhill work, the cost of vertical displacement was modified by an exponential function of the slope angle. Values for level and negative slope walking with no load were compared with estimated values derived from two published studies to partially validate the negative model. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RSA Secur, Bedford, MA USA. Daemen Coll, PA Dept, Amherst, NY USA. RP Santee, WR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 72 IS 6 BP 562 EP 566 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 436JU UT WOS:000168933400009 PM 11396562 ER PT J AU Santee, WR Blanchard, LA AF Santee, WR Blanchard, LA TI Thermal properties of handwear at varying altitudes SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cold protection; clothing insulation; model AB Background: Total handwear insulation (IT) is dependent on the rate of heat transfer in air through the skin-handwear interface, handwear layers, and the surface boundary air layer. As altitude increases, the corresponding decrease in air pressure reduces convective heat loss. As convective heat losses decline, IT, which ii inversely related to the rate of heat loss, should increase. Increasing air velocity also reduces the insulation (la) provided by the boundary layer. Methods: The military issue test handwear, Light-duty glove (LD), Trigger-ringer mitten (TF), and Arctic mitten (AM), were fitted over a biophysical hand model. Model surface temperatures were 25 degreesC, and air temperature was 10 degreesC. The handwear was tested at simulated altitudes of sea level (101 kPa), 2500 m (75 kPa) and 5000 m (54 kPa) in still air and at 5 m . s(-1). Results: Overall, the effects of wind and altitude on IT were significant. Differences for IT between 0 and 5000 m were significant Tor LD and TF. increases in IT greater than 10% are considered of sufficient magnitude to alter comfort sensation. Conclusions: Differences or that magnitude occurred most frequently between 0 and 5000 m. The present results are consistent with an increase in IT with increasing altitude. Changes in IT were greater in still air and for less insulated handwear where the contribution of la to IT was more important. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Santee, WR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 72 IS 6 BP 576 EP 578 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 436JU UT WOS:000168933400011 PM 11396564 ER PT J AU Earles, J Folen, RA James, LC AF Earles, J Folen, RA James, LC TI Biofeedback using telemedicine: Clinical applications and case illustrations SO BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE behavioral telehealth; biofeedback; telemedicine ID VASCULAR HEADACHE AB Telecommunications technology, is dramatically, changing our world, allowing healthcare professionals to offer medical healthcare, in the form of consultation, assessment, and treatment, through the use of new communications media. In behavioral medicine, advances in telecommunications have brought about new ways of offering services by expanding healthcare to patients located all over the world and simultaneously, reducing costs and improving outcome efficacy. This article describes the use of biofeedback to treat various pain and psychophysiological disorders through telemedicine technology. The authors provide a description of "off-the-shelf", low-cost, and low-bandwidth telemedicine equipment used to deliver clinical biofeedback treatment when the patient and provider are in two different locations. In addition, the authors discuss practical issues of behavioral telehealth. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ctr Excellence Profess Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Earles, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ctr Excellence Profess Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0896-4289 J9 BEHAV MED JI Behav. Med. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 27 IS 2 BP 77 EP 82 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry GA 498RU UT WOS:000172524900004 PM 11763828 ER PT J AU Whitehead, TL Jones, LM Hicks, RP AF Whitehead, TL Jones, LM Hicks, RP TI Effects of the incorporation of CHAPS into SDS micelles on neuropeptide-micelle binding: Separation of the role of electrostatic interactions from hydrophobic interactions SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE CHAPS; SDS micelles; neuropeptide-micelle binding; electrostatic interactions; hydrophobic interactions; lipid vesicles; biological membranes; secondary structure; PFG-NMR; tachykinins; substance P ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ORDERED 2D NMR; MOLECULAR MODELING INVESTIGATIONS; SELF-DIFFUSION MEASUREMENTS; DODECYL-SULFATE MICELLES; SUBSTANCE-P; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; LIPID-MEMBRANES; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR AB It is well known that neuropeptides interact with lipid vesicles in a manner similar to biological membranes, with electrostatic interactions between the two providing a mechanism for concentrating the peptide at the vesicle's surface, followed by hydrophobic interactions between the peptide and the core of the vesicle that induce and stabilize secondary structure motifs. In an effort to understand these interactions to a greater extent, our group has developed a series of anionic micelles (SDS) containing various concentrations of the bile salt CHAPS, which is used as a model for cholesterol. The incorporation of CHAPS into the hydrophobic core of these micelles should alter the degree to which the neuropeptide can insert itself affecting structure. These interactions were investigated using two-dimensional NMR, pulse-field gradient (PFG) NMR, and molecular modeling experiments. The results of this study clearly indicate that electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the micelle and neuropeptide are completely independent of one another. Increasing the concentration of CHAPS to 15 mM in the micelles blocks the insertion of the hydrophobic side chains of the neuropeptide into the hydrophobic core of the micelles. The electrostatic interactions as determined by diffusion measurements are not affected by the presence of increasing CHAPS concentration. Our observations are consistent with the predictions of Seelig (A. Seelig and J. Seelig, "Interaction of Drugs and Peptides with the Lipid Membrane, in Structure and Function of 7TM Receptors, T. W. Schwartz, S. A. Hjorth, and T. S, Kastrup. Eds., Munksgaard: Location, 1996). (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Hicks, RP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [1R15 NS 36389-01A1] NR 59 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD JUN PY 2001 VL 58 IS 7 BP 593 EP 605 DI 10.1002/1097-0282(200106)58:7<593::AID-BIP1033>3.0.CO;2-P PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 428NU UT WOS:000168468400001 PM 11285556 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Mason, PA AF Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Mason, PA TI Regional distribution of Hsp70 in the CNS of young and old food-restricted rats following hyperthermia SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE aging; brain; hyperthermia; microwave; radiofrequency radiation; stress proteins; thermoregulation ID SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-1; CALORIC RESTRICTION; MESSENGER-RNA; HEAT-STRESS; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; AGE; ACCUMULATION; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION AB We examined the effect of aging on the capacity of the brain to produce heat shock protein (Hsp70) in response to heat stress, using high-powered microwaves (HPM, 2.06 GHz, 2.2 W/cm(2)) to induce hyperthermia for periods so brief that thermoregulatory factors were functionally eliminated as confounding variables. Unanesthetized young (6 months) and old (25 months) male, food-restricted Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to HPM to induce a mean peak tympanic temperature (T-ty) of 42.2 degreesC within 30 s. T-ty returned to < 40.0 degreesC within 6 min post-exposure in both age groups. Rats were euthanized 6 or 24 h later for immunohistochemical determination of Hsp70 accumulation in 10 brain regions. HPM exposure induced significant increases in 7 of the 10 regions. There were no significant differences observed in the pattern or density of Hsp70 accumulation between the young and old rats at 6 h post-HPM exposure, with the exception of the medial vestibular nucleus, which demonstrated significantly greater Hsp70 accumulation in the old rats. There were significant differences between the age groups at 24 h post-exposure, however, there was no general pattern; i.e., depending on the brain region, aged rats displayed significantly greater, lesser, or similar increases in Hsp70 expression compared with young. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the brain of aged, food-restricted rats does not display a loss of capacity to accumulate Hsp70 in response to heat stress. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Radio Frequency Radiat Branch, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Veridian Engn, San Antonio, TX USA. Trinity Univ, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. RP Walters, TJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Div Labs, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 55 IS 3 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00502-0 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462UH UT WOS:000170437800006 PM 11489344 ER PT J AU Krivak, TC McBroom, JW Seidman, J Venzon, D Crothers, B MacKoul, PJ Rose, GS Carlson, JW Birrer, MJ AF Krivak, TC McBroom, JW Seidman, J Venzon, D Crothers, B MacKoul, PJ Rose, GS Carlson, JW Birrer, MJ TI Abnormal fragile histidine triad (FHIT) expression in advanced cervical carcinoma: A poor prognostic factor SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; UTERINE CERVIX; CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; PREMALIGNANT LESIONS; CHROMOSOME 3P; GENE; CANCER; SURVIVAL; DISEASE AB The FHIT gene is a candidate tumor suppressor gene that has been implicated in the development of cervical carcinoma. We hypothesized that abnormal Fhit expression might be a poor prognostic factor for patients with cervical cancer. The tumors from 59 high-risk patients (stage ii-in) were evaluated for abnormal Fhit expression by immunohistochemical staining. Abnormal Fhit expression (absent or reduced) was noted in 66% of the specimens, There was no statistical difference with respect to stage, performance status, para-aortic node metastasis, completion of therapy, grade, race, age, and HIV status between the normal and abnormal Fhit expression groups, The 3-year survival for patients whose tumors displayed normal Fhit expression versus abnormal Fhit expression was 74% versus 37%, respectively, Univariate analysis demonstrated a difference in survival that was statistically significant for age < 55 years versus greater than or equal to 55 years (P = 0.015), normal Fhit expression versus abnormal Fhit expression (P = 0.015), and stage II versus stage III (P = 0.033), Multivariate analysis showed that abnormal Fhit expression was a poor prognostic factor (P = 0.015). C1 NCI, Div Clin Sci, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Birrer, MJ (reprint author), Key W Res Ctr, 9610 Med Ctr Dr,Room 300, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Venzon, David/B-3078-2008 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 11 BP 4382 EP 4385 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 438KA UT WOS:000169051100018 PM 11389064 ER PT J AU O'Quinn, AL Wiegand, EM Jeddeloh, JA AF O'Quinn, AL Wiegand, EM Jeddeloh, JA TI Burkholderia pseudomallei kills the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans using an endotoxin-mediated paralysis SO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; VIRULENCE FACTORS; MELIOIDOSIS; RESISTANCE; STRAINS; MODEL; GENE; PYRROLNITRIN; TRANSMISSION AB We investigated a non-mammalian host model system for fitness in genetic screening for virulence-attenuating mutations in the potential biowarfare agents Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. We determined that B. pseudomallei is able to cause 'disease-like' symptoms and kill the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Analysis of killing in the surrogate disease model with B. pseudomallei mutants indicated that killing did not require lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen, aminoglycoside/macrolide efflux pumping, type II pathway-secreted exoenzymes or motility. Burkholderia thailandensis and some strains of Burkholderia cepacia also killed nematodes. Manipulation of the nematode host genotype suggests that the neuromuscular intoxication caused by both B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis acts in part through a disruption of normal Ca2+ signal transduction. Both species produce a UV-sensitive, gamma-irradiation-resistant, limited diffusion, paralytic agent as part of their nematode pathogenic mechanism. The results of this investigation suggest that killing by B. pseudomallei is an active process in C. elegans, and that the C. elegans model might be useful for the identification of vertebrate animal virulence factors in B. pseudomallei. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacterial Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Jeddeloh, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacterial Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 44 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-5814 J9 CELL MICROBIOL JI Cell Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 3 IS 6 BP 381 EP 393 DI 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2001.00118.x PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Microbiology SC Cell Biology; Microbiology GA 440BM UT WOS:000169156100003 PM 11422081 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Angel, KC Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Patton, JF Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Angel, KC Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Patton, JF Lilly, CM TI The prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm among US Army recruits and its effects on physical performance SO CHEST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society CY APR 23-29, 1999 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Thoracic Soc DE asthma; athletic performance; epidemiology; exercise-induced asthma; military medicine; oxygen uptake; physical fitness; physical training ID INDUCED ASTHMA; FIGURE SKATERS; OBSTRUCTION; CAPACITY; CHILDREN; FITNESS AB Study objectives: To measure the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) and to determine its effect on the physical performance response to training in otherwise healthy young adults. Design: Observational, retrospective study, Setting: Fort Jackson, SC, May to July 1998, Participants: One hundred thirty-seven ethnically diverse US Army recruits undergoing an 8-week Army basic training course. Measurements and results: Subjects underwent exercise challenge testing at the end of basic training to evaluate for EIB (defined as a decrease in FEV1 of greater than or equal to 15%, 1 or 10 min after running to peak oxygen uptake on a treadmill), Those subjects who were unable to run to peak oxygen uptake, or who were unable to perform two baseline FEV1 maneuvers the results of which were within 5% of each other, were I excluded from analysis. We measured peak oxygen uptake on a treadmill and the scores achieved on the components of the US Army physical fitness test (APFT), Of 137 subjects, 121 (58 men and 63 women) met our inclusion criteria. Fight subjects (7%) had EIB, Subjects who experienced EIB and unaffected control subjects both showed statistically significant gains in performance on the APFT events during basic training. At the end of basic training, peak oxygen uptake levels and APFT event scores were not significantly different between subjects with EIB and unaffected control subjects. Conclusions: Seven percent of the US Army recruits who were tested had EIB, but this did not hinder their physical performance gains during basic training. EIB per se should not be an absolute reason to exclude individuals from employment in jobs with heavy physical demands. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Sonna, LA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2001 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1676 EP 1684 DI 10.1378/chest.119.6.1676 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 441NB UT WOS:000169235500012 PM 11399690 ER PT J AU Creamer, KM McCloud, LL Fisher, LE Ehrhart, IC AF Creamer, KM McCloud, LL Fisher, LE Ehrhart, IC TI Pentoxifylline rescue preserves lung function in isolated canine lungs injured with phorbol myristate acetate SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE acute lung injury; pentoxifylline; phorbol myristate acetate; pulmonary function ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; RABBIT LUNGS; NEUTROPHILS; DYSFUNCTION; PRESSURES; MUSCLE; ESTER AB Objective: We hypothesized that pentoxifylline, administered after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), would diminish the severity of lung injury. Setting: Animal research laboratory. Design: Comparative study. Subjects: Mongrel dogs (n = 33). Interventions: Baseline measurements were obtained from the isolated blood-perfused dog lung lobes after 1 h of stable perfusion and ventilation. Four different measures of lung compliance were obtained along with WBC and neutrophil counts. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) were calculated and the ratio of a normalized maximal enzymatic conversion rate to the Michaelis-Menten constant (Amax/Km) was used to assess perfused capillary surface area. The control lobes (n = 8) were ventilated and perfused for an additional 40 min while the injured lobes (n = 17) received PMA (0.1 mug/mL of perfusate), The pentoxrifylline-protected lobes (n = 8) were treated with pentoxifylline (1 mg/mL of perfusate) 10 min after injury with PMA. Ah measurements were then repeated. Measurement and main results: The three groups did not differ significantly at baseline. The control lobes remained relatively stable over time. The injured lobes demonstrated marked deterioration in compliance: 8.79 +/- 0.7 to 5.97 +/- 0.59 mL/cm H2O (p < 0.05) vs 10.1 +/- 1.0 to 8.07 +/- 0.72 mL/cm H2O and 9.6 +/- 1.1 to 9.9 +/- 0.85 mL/cm H2O in the control and protected lobes, respectively. Both groups receiving PMA had similar drops in WBC and neutrophil counts, but the pentoxifylline-protected lobes had preservation of all four compliance measures. PVR increased from 37.8 +/- 1.8 to 118.6 +/- 12.7 cm H2O/L/min (p < 0.05) in the injured lobes vs 35.4 +/- 0.5 to 36.3 +/- 2.8 cm H2O/L/min and 40.4 +/- 0.04 to 46.7 +/- 2.8 cm H2O/L/min (p < 0.05) in the control and protected lobes, respectively. Kf increased < 25% in the protected group but more than tripled in the injured group. Amaw/Km dropped from 559 +/- 36 to 441 +/- 33 mL/min (p < 0.05) in the injured lobes vs 507 +/- 14 to 490 +/- 17 mL/min and 490 +/- 34 to 616 +/- 37 mL/min in the control and pentoxifylline-protected lobes, respectively. Conclusions: The use of pentoxifylline as a rescue agent prevented the PMA-induced deterioration of lung compliance, vascular integrity, and endothelial metabolic function in this acute lung injury model, despite significant pulmonary neutrophil sequestration. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Vasc Biol Ctr, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Creamer, KM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2001 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1893 EP 1900 DI 10.1378/chest.119.6.1893 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 441NB UT WOS:000169235500042 PM 11399720 ER PT J AU Das, R Hammamieh, R Neill, R Melhem, M Jett, M AF Das, R Hammamieh, R Neill, R Melhem, M Jett, M TI Expression pattern of fatty acid-binding proteins in human normal and cancer prostate cells and tissues SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS; GROWTH INHIBITOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MESSENGER-RNA; LIVER; PURIFICATION; CARCINOMAS; HEART; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM AB Purpose: Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) expression patterns were evaluated as potential markers and therapeutic targets for prostate cancer. Experimental design: FABP expression levels were determined by reverse transcription-PCR in cultured prostate normal and tumor cells and in human biopsy samples, Regulation of cellular processes,vas examined using FABP antisense constructs. Results: Prostate cells express a variety of different FABPs. Liver (L)- and intestine-FABPs were elevated 5-9-fold in prostate cancer compared with normal primary prostate cells, In contrast, adipose- and epidermal-FABPs were markedly down-regulated (3-20-fold) in cancer versus normal cells, Similar expression patterns mere found in human tissue biopsy samples. However, brain-FABP had a distinct pattern of expression: it was overexpressed only in LNCaP cells and in well-differentiated tissue samples, suggesting a stage-specific expression profile. Secretion of L-FABP protein was observed from DU 145 prostate cancer cells, but not in the culture fluid of normal prostate epithelial cells. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, designed to block production of epidermal-FABP (a marker for normal prostate cells), caused increased proliferation in DU 145 prostate cancer cells. In vivid contrast, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to L-FABP (overexpressed in prostate cancer) decreased proliferation and caused apoptosis, Conclusions: We propose that there is a distinct balance between these groups of FABPs, whose altered regulation in cells may play a role in prostate cancer. Furthermore, the pattern of expression and secretion of FABPs have the potential to serve as a diagnostic marker for an aggressive phenotype of prostate cancer. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 40 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 EI 1557-3265 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1706 EP 1715 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 442XQ UT WOS:000169310600031 PM 11410510 ER PT J AU Kellogg, MD Jenner, J Patton, J Lieberman, H McGraw, S Dikeidek, M Marchitelli, L Karge, W AF Kellogg, MD Jenner, J Patton, J Lieberman, H McGraw, S Dikeidek, M Marchitelli, L Karge, W TI Time course for biochemical markers of exercise induced muscle damage. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 SU S MA 485 BP A148 EP A148 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MX UT WOS:000168996400602 ER PT J AU Zucker, RJ Bradley, YC AF Zucker, RJ Bradley, YC TI Indium-111 capromab pendetide (ProstaScint) uptake in a meningioma SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE indium-111 capromab pendetide (ProstaScint); meningioma; prostate; scintigraphy C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bradley, YC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 26 IS 6 BP 568 EP 569 DI 10.1097/00003072-200106000-00026 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 431CV UT WOS:000168615100026 PM 11353317 ER PT J AU Hanson, CE Ruble, GR Essiet, I Hartman, AB AF Hanson, CE Ruble, GR Essiet, I Hartman, AB TI Effects of buprenorphine on immunogenicity and protective efficacy in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model (Sereny test) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OPERATION-DESERT-SHIELD; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VACCINE STRAIN; SHIGELLA; ANIMALS; PAIN; VIRG; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION AB Shigellosis is a disease of global proportions, with an estimated 164.7 million episodes annually throughout the world as well as an estimated 1.1 million associated mortalities in developing countries. Due to increasing incidence, and continued emergence of multi-drug resistant strains, Shigella vaccine development is considered a top public health priority. The guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model, the basis for the Sereny test, remains the most reliable in vivo indicator of virulence of Shigella strains and immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Shigella vaccine candidates. The model is effective in evaluating the ability of Shigella strains to invade the corneal epithelia of guinea pigs and spread to contiguous cells, with the more virulent strains causing ulcerative keratoconjunctivitis, However, analgesia is not routinely used to relieve this painful condition because of potential immunomodulation and confounding of experimental results. The objective of the study reported here was to evaluate use of buprenorphine hydrochloride as an analgesic during the Sereny test, Local and systemic immune responses were measured in guinea pigs given buprenorphine versus those responses in controls. Results of this study suggest that buprenorphine, administered at an analgesic dose of 0.05 mg/kg of body weight twice daily, can be successfully used with the model without significantly affecting immunologic evaluation of Shigella vaccine candidates. However, in buprenorphine-treated animals, there was a significant increase in the amount of mucopurulent ocular discharge, requiring frequent cleaning of the affected eyes. Additionally, animals treated with buprenorphine had significant reduction in body weight, in comparison with saline controls. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Lab Anim Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hanson, CE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Lab Anim Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 51 IS 3 BP 224 EP 229 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 449CG UT WOS:000169666300007 PM 11924776 ER PT J AU Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Donta, ST Engel, CC Clauw, DJ Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Kazis, LE Feussner, JR AF Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Donta, ST Engel, CC Clauw, DJ Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Kazis, LE Feussner, JR CA CSP 470 Study Grp TI A multicenter two by two factorial trial of cognitive behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise far gulf war veterans' illnesses: Design of a veterans affairs cooperative study (CSP #470) SO CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE Gulf War veterans' illnesses; cognitive behavioral therapy; aerobic exercise; multisymptom illnesses; medically unexplained symptoms; randomized trial ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHRONIC PAIN PATIENTS; BACK-PAIN; FIBROMYALGIA PATIENTS; MANAGEMENT; QUESTIONNAIRE; STRATEGIES; INVENTORY; EXPOSURE AB The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Study #470 is a 2 x 2 factorial trial designed to evaluate the hypothesis that both cognitive behavioral. therapy (CBT) and aerobic exercise will significantly improve physical function in participants with Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), and that adding CBT to aerobic exercise will provide further incremental benefit. One thousand three hundred fifty-six veterans will be randomized to one of four treatment arms: CBT plus aerobic exercise plus usual and customary care, aerobic exercise plus usual and customary care, CBT plus usual and customary care, or usual and customary care alone. The study duration is 2.5 years with 1.5 years of intake and 1 year of follow-up. The primary outcome measure is the proportion of veterans improved more than seven units on the physical component summary (PCS) scale of the Short Form Health Survey for Veterans (SF-36V) measured 12 months after randomization. This generic quality-of-life measure was chosen because there is no disease-specific measure for GWVI and the symptoms of GWVI span a wide range of physical manifestations that are related to the domains covered by the PCS scale. Sample size was determined to detect all six pairwise comparisons between the four treatment arms with 90% power and a Bonferroni adjustment for an overall type I error of 0.05 or 0.05/6 = 0.0083. CSP #470 was initiated in May 1999 in 18 VA and two Department of Defense medical centers. To date this represents the largest randomized trial designed to evaluate treatments for individuals with unexplained physical symptoms. This paper will focus on the rationale and unique features of the study design. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 2001. C1 Cooperat Studies Program, Coordinating Ctr, W Haven, CT USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bedford, MA USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA. RP Guarino, P (reprint author), VA CT Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program 151A, Bldg 35,950 Campbell Ave, W Haven, CT 06516 USA. RI Williams, David/A-1180-2007 NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-2456 J9 CONTROL CLIN TRIALS JI Controlled Clin. Trials PD JUN PY 2001 VL 22 IS 3 BP 310 EP 332 DI 10.1016/S0197-2456(00)00133-1 PG 23 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 435PW UT WOS:000168890700009 PM 11384792 ER PT J AU Elston, M AF Elston, M TI What's eating you? Millipedes (Diplopoda) SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID DEFENSIVE SECRETION C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elston, M (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2001 VL 67 IS 6 BP 452 EP 452 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 441WU UT WOS:000169253200002 ER PT J AU Elston, M AF Elston, M TI Cutis photo quiz - Lichen planus of the nail SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID TRACHYONYCHIA; DYSTROPHY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elston, M (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brook Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2001 VL 67 IS 6 BP 453 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 441WU UT WOS:000169253200003 ER PT J AU Lin, HP Chua, D Salomon, M Shiao, HC Hendrickson, M Plichta, E Slane, S AF Lin, HP Chua, D Salomon, M Shiao, HC Hendrickson, M Plichta, E Slane, S TI Low-temperature behavior of Li-ion cells SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTES; GRAPHITE AB Studies on Li-ion cells with and without Li/Li+ reference electrodes confirm that the limiting factor for low-temperature performance is the carbon anode. The cycling behavior of MCMB (2528)-LiCoO2 cells were studied over the temperature range of -40 degrees C to room temperature, and at all temperatures it is the polarization of the anode which limits performance. Even at modest (C/5) to low (C/10) rates of charge and discharge, deposition of metallic lithium at the anode for temperatures less than or equal to -20 degreesC causes permanent capacity loss. This loss is not attributed to electrolyte conductivities, which are relatively high over this temperature range, but rather to continual growth of the solid electrolyte interphase resulting from solvent/electrolyte reduction at freshly deposited metallic lithium. The studies also reveal that at low temperatures, lithium cannot be completely removed or inserted into the coexistence range of dilute stage 1 and stage 4. This may be a simple electrokinetic phenomenon or, more likely, the limiting solid-state diffusion of lithium in carbon. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. C1 MaxPower Inc, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. USA, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Lin, HP (reprint author), MaxPower Inc, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. NR 9 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 7 U2 39 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 4 IS 6 BP A71 EP A73 DI 10.1149/1.1368736 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 422FC UT WOS:000168107000003 ER PT J AU Samet, ED AF Samet, ED TI A prosecutor and a gentleman: Edmund Burke's idiom of impeachment SO ELH-ENGLISH LITERARY HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Samet, ED (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0013-8304 J9 ELH-ENGL LIT HIST JI ELH-Engl. Lit. Hist. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 68 IS 2 BP 397 EP 418 DI 10.1353/elh.2001.0018 PG 22 WC Literature SC Literature GA 441WD UT WOS:000169251800006 ER PT J AU Torrens, JI Burch, HB AF Torrens, JI Burch, HB TI Serum thyroglobulin measurement - Utility in clinical practice SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENTIATED THYROID-CARCINOMA; TOTAL-BODY SCAN; RECOMBINANT HUMAN THYROTROPIN; IMMUNORADIOMETRIC ASSAY IRMA; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CERVICAL LYMPH-NODES; FOLLOW-UP; POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS; RADIOACTIVE IODINE AB Serum thyroglobulin levels play a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of several thyroid disorders. This is particularly the case in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Rational interpretation of serum thyroglobulin (TG) levels requires a working knowledge of the serum TG assay and its limitations. The ability to stimulate TC with rhTSH during thyroid hormone suppression and to measure TG mRNA from peripheral blood holds promise for improvement in the management of thyroid cancer patients over the next decade. This article will review the clinical use of serum TG in several thyroid disorders, with particular emphasis on the management of differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroglobulin assay limitations and potential solutions to these problems also are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X NR 283 TC 57 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8529 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 2 BP 429 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(05)70194-8 PG 40 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 446XJ UT WOS:000169539200010 PM 11444170 ER PT J AU Stansbury, J Mittelsdorf, AM AF Stansbury, J Mittelsdorf, AM TI Economic and environmental analysis of retrofitting a large office building with energy-efficient lighting systems SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE energy efficient; lighting; air emissions; economic; environment ID ACID AB An evaluation of the economic and environmental costs and benefits that would result if the Zorinsky Federal Building, located in Omaha, Nebraska, USA, converted its current lighting system to a more energy-efficient system (i.e., joined the EPA's Green Lights Program) was conducted. Lighting accounts for 20-25 percent of all electricity sold in the United States, Costs considered in the study included the cost of retrofitting the building's existing lighting system and the cost of disposal of the current lamps and ballast fixtures. Benefits included a reduction of electric utility costs and a reduction of emissions of SO2, NOx, CO2, and CO from electric utility power plants. Environmental and health issues for air pollutant omissions were also addressed. The results showed that significant reductions in utility bills as well as reductions in air emissions would result from a major building converting to a more energy efficient lighting system. The results showed that conversion of this large building would reduce SO2 emissions by 14.6 tons/yr and NOx emissions by 6.3 tons/yr. In addition, the conversion would reduce annual energy costs by approximately $114,000. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. RP Stansbury, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, 1110 S 67th St,205C PKI, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 27 IS 6 BP 909 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s002670010198 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 433ML UT WOS:000168763300012 PM 11393324 ER PT J AU Rybicki, NB McFarland, DG Ruhl, HA Reel, JT Barko, JW AF Rybicki, NB McFarland, DG Ruhl, HA Reel, JT Barko, JW TI Investigations of the availability and survival of submersed aquatic vegetation propagules in the tidal Potomac River SO ESTUARIES LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER MACROPHYTES; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM L; HYDRILLA-VERTICILLATA; VALLISNERIA-AMERICANA; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; GROWTH; SEDIMENTS; LIGHT; GERMINATION; MORPHOLOGY AB The establishment of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) at unvegetated sites in the freshwater tidal Potomac River was limited primarily by factors other than propagule availability. For two years, traps were used to quantify the amount of plant material reaching three unvegetated sites over the growing season. The calculated flux values provided a gross estimate of the flux of propagules that could potentially survive if other site factors were suitable. The mean flux of Hydrilla verticillata and all other species (greater than or equal to0.01 gdw m(-2) d(-1)) appeared sufficient to favor the establishment of vegetation, particularly considering the high viability (70-100%) of whole plants and fragments under controlled conditions. However, median water clarity values (i.e., for light attenuation, Secchi depth, total suspended solids, and chlorophyll a) were below SAV restoration goals at all unvegetated sites. Additionally, sediments from unvegetated sites showed a potential for nitrogen limitation of the growth of H. verticillata. Our findings support the hypothesis that in the tidal Potomac River, water clarity and nutrient (especially nitrogen) levels in sediment are key to plant community establishment. C1 US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineers Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Rummel Klepper & Kahl Consulting Engineers, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA. RP Rybicki, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA. NR 68 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0160-8347 J9 ESTUARIES JI Estuaries PD JUN PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3 BP 407 EP 424 DI 10.2307/1353242 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 457AV UT WOS:000170115700009 ER PT J AU Netzer, NC Kristo, D Steinle, H Lehmann, M Strohl, KP AF Netzer, NC Kristo, D Steinle, H Lehmann, M Strohl, KP TI REM sleep and catecholamine excretion: a study in elite athletes SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sleep; physical stress; aminergic neurotransmitters; catecholamines; training ID EXERCISE; CYCLE; MONOAMINES; RECOVERY; NEURONS; PERIOD AB We investigated the potential influence of catecholamines on sleep architecture in endurance-trained athletes. The hypothesis was that endogenous levels of aminergic neurotransmitters influence sleep architecture. Thirteen well-trained male street cyclists tall members of the German national amateur team, mean age 23.9 years, mean body mass index 21.9 kg/m(2)) completed the protocol. Each subject was studied during training after a race competition (C) and later in a recovery/rest period (R) with no training and no competition. Polysomnography (PSG) was performed for one night (C) and for a second night some weeks later (R). Urinary levels of catecholamines collected during the preceding day and over the night of PSG were used as an index of excretion rate of circulating adrenergic agonists. Nighttime and daytime excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine was significantly elevated after exercise (C vs R: P<0.01). Rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM) onset latency was significantly increased (P=0.03) and REM was significantly decreased in the first half of the night in the training compared to the resting condition (C vs R, P=0.05), REM latency was correlated with increased epinephrine excretion on the day of exercise (C, r=0.63, P=0.02). The temporal appearance of REM during the night appears to be affected in part by the intense exercise associated with race competition, and urinary catecholamines are markers that are correlated with this alteration in REM appearance. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Hosp, Dept Sports & Rehabil Med, Ulm, Germany. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Med, Sleep Disorders Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Netzer, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Bldg 2,Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 97015] NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 84 IS 6 BP 521 EP 526 DI 10.1007/s004210100383 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 448UE UT WOS:000169647700005 PM 11482546 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Shinn, C Willis, CR Flinn, IW Lehman, T Suasville, E Lucas, D Gerver, MR AF Byrd, JC Shinn, C Willis, CR Flinn, IW Lehman, T Suasville, E Lucas, D Gerver, MR TI UCN-01 induces cytotoxicity toward human CLL cells through a p53-independent mechanism SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; P53 GENE MUTATION; DRUG-RESISTANCE; APOPTOSIS; BCL-2; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; KINASE; CHLORAMBUCIL; FLUDARABINE AB Objectives. UCN-01, a novel protein kinase C inhibitor, is currently being tested in phase I clinical trials after being noted to induce apoptosis in lymphoid cell lines, We sought to study the in vitro activity of UCN-01 against human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and potential mechanisms of action for inducing this cytotoxicity. Methods. Detailed in vitro studies were performed from turner cells derived from patients with CLL cells following attainment of written informed consent. Results. The 50% loss of viability (LC50) in mononuclear cells from CLL patients (n = 10) following exposure to UCN-01 for 4 days was 0.4 muM (95 % CI +/- 0.21; range 0.09-1.16). Loss of viability in human CLL cells correlated with early induction of apoptosis, Exposure of CLL cells to 0.4 and 5.0 muM Of UCN-01 resulted in decreased expression of p53 protein, We therefore investigated the dependence of UCN-01 on intact p53 by exposing splenocytes from wildtype (p53(+/+)) and p53 null (p53(-/-)) mice, which demonstrated no preferential cytotoxicity when compared to the marked differential induced by F-Ara-A and radiation. Conclusion. UCN-01 has significant in vitro activity against human CLL cells that appears to occur independent of p53 status, While demonstration of in vitro cytotoxicity does not establish in vivo efficacy, the findings described support the early introduction of UCN-01 into clinical trials for patients with B-CLL, (C) 2001 International Society for Experimental Hematology, Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NCI, Biol Chem Lab, Div Basic Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. BioServ Biotechnol Ltd, Laurel, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Internal Med, B302 Sterling Loving Hall,320 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Lucas, David/E-3555-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA81534-02] NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 703 EP 708 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00649-X PG 6 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 440KR UT WOS:000169174900006 PM 11378265 ER PT J AU Lewis, ML Cubano, LA Zhao, BT Dinh, HK Pabalan, JG Piepmeier, EH Bowman, PD AF Lewis, ML Cubano, LA Zhao, BT Dinh, HK Pabalan, JG Piepmeier, EH Bowman, PD TI cDNA microarray reveals altered cytoskeletal gene expression in space-flown leukemic T lymphocytes (Jurkat) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gene expression; cDNA microarray; cytoskeleton; spaceflight; vibration; plectin ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTES; MUSCLE CALPONIN; PLECTIN; GRAVITY; MICROGRAVITY; CELL; SPACEFLIGHT; ACTIN; RNA AB Cytoskeletal disruption and growth arrest consistently occur in space-flown human acute leukemic T cells (Jurkat). Although the microtubules appear to reorganize during spaceflight, cells remain nonproliferative. To test the hypothesis that spaceflight alters cytoskeletal gene expression and may thus affect cytoskeletal function, we flew Jurkat cells on Space Transportation System (STS) 95 and compared RNA message by cDNA microarray in space-flown vs. ground controls at 24 h (4,324 genes) and 48 h (> 20,000 genes). Messages for 11 cytoskeleton-related genes, including calponin, dynactin, tropomodulin, keratin 8, two myosins, an ankyrin EST, an actinlike protein, the cytoskeletal linker (plectin), and a centriole-associated protein (C-NAP1), were up-regulated in space-flown compared with ground control cells; gelsolin precursor was down-regulated. Up-regulation of plectin and C-NAP1 message in both space-flown cells and vibrated controls is a novel finding and implies their role in vibration damage repair. This first report of cDNA microarray screening of gene expression in space-flown leukemic T cells also identifies differential expression of genes that regulate growth, metabolism, signal transduction, adhesion, transcription, apoptosis, and tumor suppression. Based on differential expression of cytoskeletal genes, we conclude that centriole-centriole, membrane-cytoskeletal, and cytoskeletal filament associations are altered in the orbital phase of spaceflight. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Tulane Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Lewis, ML (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Wilson Hall 360, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM lewismml@email.uah.edu NR 39 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1783 EP + DI 10.1096/fj.00-0820fje PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 442AF UT WOS:000169261200022 PM 11481229 ER PT J AU Treinen-Moslen, M West, AB Atchison, CR AF Treinen-Moslen, M West, AB Atchison, CR TI Why the mesenteric margin? Reply SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION; INDOMETHACIN; RAT; ENTEROPATHY; INJURY; INHIBITION C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. NYU, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, New York, NY USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Treinen-Moslen, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 120 IS 7 BP 1886 EP 1887 DI 10.1053/S0016-5085(01)70208-9 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 437QA UT WOS:000169004000041 ER PT J AU Burke, AP Weber, DK Kolodgie, FD Farb, A Taylor, AJ Virmani, R AF Burke, AP Weber, DK Kolodgie, FD Farb, A Taylor, AJ Virmani, R TI Pathophysiology of calcium deposition in coronary arteries SO HERZ LA English DT Article DE calcium deposition; atherosclerosis; coronary plaque morphology ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; CALCIFICATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ANGIOGRAPHY; DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS; DEATH; OLD AB Background and Morphologic Studies: Because coronary artery calcification correlates highly with plaque burden, it is an excellent disease marker for atherosclerosis. However, it is not a sensitive indicator of disease activity, and does not predict luminal compromise because of compensatory remodeling. in addition, most data do not support the concept that plaque calcification is related to plaque instability. Plaques demonstrating acute rupture usually show mild or moderate calcification, and biophysical models do not predict that calcium should result in an increased propensity to rupture. This review outlines morphologic studies relating calcification to risk factors and coronary plaque morphology. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cardiovasc Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Burke, AP (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cardiovasc Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 27 TC 108 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 7 PU URBAN & VOGEL PI MUNICH PA NEUMARKTER STRASSE 43, D-81673 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0340-9937 J9 HERZ JI Herz PD JUN PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 239 EP 244 DI 10.1007/PL00002026 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 450RD UT WOS:000169756100001 PM 11479935 ER PT J AU Johnson, DL AF Johnson, DL TI ROSA - Rotorcraft open systems avionics SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 USA, Aviat Appl TEchnol Directorate, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. RP Johnson, DL (reprint author), USA, Aviat Appl TEchnol Directorate, 2500 W Whittaker Close, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 16 IS 6 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1109/62.931138 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 445ZM UT WOS:000169488500010 ER PT J AU Schihl, P AF Schihl, P TI Control strategies for heavy-duty diesel engine emissions SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 USA, TACOM, Prop Res Lab, Warren, MI USA. RP Schihl, P (reprint author), USA, TACOM, Prop Res Lab, Warren, MI USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1094-6969 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 4 IS 2 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1109/5289.930980 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 443HT UT WOS:000169336300003 ER PT J AU Lumelsky, VJ Vig, JR AF Lumelsky, Vladimir J. Vig, John R. TI Untitled SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lumelsky, Vladimir J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vig, John R.] USA, Commun Elect Command, IEEE Sensors Council, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Lumelsky, VJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM lumelsky@engr.wisc.edu; j.vig@ieee.org NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 1 IS 1 BP 2 EP 3 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2001.923582 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA V23EG UT WOS:000208325500001 ER PT J AU Ratches, JA Vollmerhausen, RH Driggers, RG AF Ratches, James A. Vollmerhausen, Richard H. Driggers, Ronald G. TI Target Acquisition Performance Modeling of Infrared Imaging Systems: Past, Present, and Future SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Infrared imaging; modeling AB This paper provides a 40-year review of the infrared imaging system modeling activities at the U.S. Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD). The result of these modeling activities is a system model that describes the target acquisition performance of a human observer and an infrared imager. The model has been adopted by the military infrared imaging community as an assessment of how well an ensemble of observers perform the tasks of target detection, recognition, and identification. The model is used in infrared imager design and assessment, where military users understand how the metrics predicted by the model relates to system performance on the battlefield. This review begins with early work in the late 1950s and proceeds to present day modeling successes. Finally, the infrared imaging system modeling activities for the future are discussed. C1 [Ratches, James A.; Vollmerhausen, Richard H.; Driggers, Ronald G.] USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Dev & Engn, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Ratches, JA (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Dev & Engn, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM rdrigger@nvl.army.mil NR 27 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 1 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2001.923585 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA V23EG UT WOS:000208325500004 ER PT J AU Vig, JR AF Vig, John R. TI Temperature-Insensitive Dual-Mode Resonant Sensors-A Review SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Dual mode; microbalance; pressure sensor; quartz; quartz resonator; sensor; temperature sensor; thickness measurement; transducer AB Dual mode excitation of resonators allows the highly accurate measurement of, and compensation for, the effects of temperature, pressure, etc., by means of frequency measurements alone. Frequency can be measured with far higher accuracy than any other quantity. In dual mode excitation, the two excited modes occupy the same volume of quartz, thereby allowing the resonator to sense two measurands simultaneously, e.g., pressure and temperature. This paper reviews the dual-mode technique and its sensor applications. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, AMSEL RD C2 PT, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Vig, JR (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, AMSEL RD C2 PT, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM j.vig@ieee.org OI Vig, John/0000-0002-2378-0113 NR 65 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 1 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2001.923588 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA V23EG UT WOS:000208325500007 ER PT J AU Hesler, JL Hui, K Dahlstrom, RK Weikle, RM Crowe, TW Mann, CM Wallace, HB AF Hesler, JL Hui, K Dahlstrom, RK Weikle, RM Crowe, TW Mann, CM Wallace, HB TI Analysis of an octagonal micromachined horn antenna for submillimeter-wave applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE finite-element analysis; micromachining; submillimeter-wave horns ID MILLIMETER-WAVE AB An analysis Is presented of a new horn antenna, fabricated by a novel micromachining technique, that uses crystallographic etching of silicon and ultraviolet lithography of an ultra-thick photoresist (SU-8), The horn was found to have low cross-polarized Field levels and a predicted Gaussian coupling efficiency of 92.5%. The horn shape is governed by the crystal planes of the silicon substrate and the thickness of the photoresist and has up to four Independent design parameters that allow a wide range of antenna patterns. A design for the horn that yields symmetric beam patterns was investigated by computer analysis, microwave scale modeling, and measurements of a micromachined horn at 585 GHz. The major features of the 585-GHz beam patterns agree well with the computer-generated and scaled beam patterns. We have thus demonstrated a new micromachinable horn that has great potential for integration into array structures. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Appl Electrophys Labs, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Millimeter Wave Technol Grp, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Hesler, JL (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Appl Electrophys Labs, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 49 IS 6 BP 997 EP 1001 DI 10.1109/8.931159 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 447XL UT WOS:000169597700019 ER PT J AU Chen, CC Higgins, MB O'Neill, K Detsch, R AF Chen, CC Higgins, MB O'Neill, K Detsch, R TI Ultrawide-bandwidth fully-polarimetric ground penetrating radar classification of subsurface unexploded ordnance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE fully-polarimetric; ground penetrating radar (GPR); unexploded ordnance; ultrawide-bandwidth (UWB) antenna AB An ultrawide-bandwidth (UWB) ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to collect fully-polarimetric backscattered data from 10 to 800 MHz using a dual-polarization version of the previously developed dielectric-loaded horn-fed bow-tie (HFB) kantenna [1]. Special processing algorithms were developed to extract the polarization, orientation, depth, and length features of the target under investigation. The polarization and resonance features were utilized to discriminate subsurface ordnance from false-alarm objects that do not have elongated bodies. The classification of a specific type of unexploded ordnance (UXO) was also performed using the known length information. The processed results obtained from an initial blind field test show a very encouraging discrimination performance. C1 Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA Corps Engineers Res & Dev Ctr, CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Chen, CC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Chen, Chi-Chih/O-2298-2013 OI Chen, Chi-Chih/0000-0001-6016-7708 NR 18 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUN PY 2001 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1221 EP 1230 DI 10.1109/36.927444 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 441QE UT WOS:000169240400015 ER PT J AU Dong, YT Runkle, PR Carin, L Damarla, R Sullivan, A Ressler, MA Sichina, J AF Dong, YT Runkle, PR Carin, L Damarla, R Sullivan, A Ressler, MA Sichina, J TI Multi-aspect detection of surface and shallow-buried unexploded ordnance via ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE detection; scattering; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); wideband ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; SIMULATION; SCATTERING; ALGORITHM; BAND AB An ultra-wideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system is investigated for the detection of former bombing ranges, littered by unexploded ordnance (UXO), The objective is detection of a high enough percentage of surface and shallow-buried UXO, with a low enough false-alarm rate, such that a former range can be detected. The physics of UWB SAR scattering is exploited in the context of a hidden Markov model (HMM), which explicitly accounts for the multiple aspects at which a SAR system views a given target, The HMM is trained on computed data, using SGR imagery synthesized via a validated physical-optics solution. The performance of the HMM is demonstrated by performing testing on measured UWB SAR data for many surface and shallow UXO buried in soil in the vicinity of naturally occurring clutter. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dong, YT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUN PY 2001 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1259 EP 1270 DI 10.1109/36.927448 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 441QE UT WOS:000169240400018 ER PT J AU Li, BX Chellappa, R Zheng, QF Der, SZ AF Li, BX Chellappa, R Zheng, QF Der, SZ TI Model-based temporal object verification using video SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Hausdorff matching; moving object recognition; object recognition; video processing ID RECOGNITION; APPEARANCE AB An approach to model-based dynamic object verification and identification using video is proposed. From image sequences containing the moving object, we compute its motion trajectory. Then we estimate its three-dimensional (3-D) pose at each time step, Pose estimation is formulated as a search problem, with the search space constrained by the motion trajectory information of the moving object and assumptions about the scene structure. A generalized Hausdorff metric, which is more robust to noise and allows a confidence interpretation, is suggested for the matching procedure used for pose estimation as well as the identification and verification problem. The pose evolution curves are used to assist in the acceptance or rejection of an object hypothesis. The models are acquired from real image sequences of the objects, Edge maps are extracted and used for matching, Results are presented for both infrared and optical sequences containing moving objects involved in complex motions. C1 Sharp Labs Amer, Camas, WA 98607 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Li, BX (reprint author), Sharp Labs Amer, Camas, WA 98607 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 10 IS 6 BP 897 EP 908 DI 10.1109/83.923286 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 432XQ UT WOS:000168721400010 ER PT J AU Glen, AG Leemis, LM Barr, DR AF Glen, AG Leemis, LM Barr, DR TI Order statistics in goodness-of-fit testing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE computational algebra system; goodness-of-fit; model adequacy; order statistics; power AB Our new method uses order statistics to judge the fit of a distribution to data. A test-statistic based on quantiles of order-statistics compares favorably with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and Anderson-Darling (A-D) test statistics. The performance of this new goodness-of-fit test statistic is examined with simulation experiments. For certain hypothesis tests, the test statistic is more powerful than the K-S and A-D test statistics. The new test statistic is calculated using a computer algebra system because of the need to compute exact distributions of order statistics. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Glen, AG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 50 IS 2 BP 209 EP 213 DI 10.1109/24.963129 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 489MU UT WOS:000171995900012 ER PT J AU Beck, WA Mirotznik, MS AF Beck, WA Mirotznik, MS TI Microstrip antenna coupling for quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab DE quantum-well infrared photoconductor; infrared detector; antenna; coupling ID GRATING COUPLER; WAVE-GUIDE; EFFICIENCY; DETECTORS; RADIATION; PERFORMANCE AB We computed the expected performance of microstrip antennas as optical couplers in quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) by the finite-difference time-domain technique. The microstrip antenna consisted of a metal square that is placed on one side of a thin QW stack, across from a continuous ground plane on the other side of the stack. The size of the square was one-half wavelength in the QW material, or similar to1.2 mum for a long-wavelength GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP. An array of these antennas can be used to couple to an arbitrary-size pixel. Unlike the elements of a diffraction grating, each antenna in the array acts as a nearly independent coupler whose peak wavelength is determined by the dimensions of the antenna, not by the period of the antenna array. Because of this local coupling, the array of microstrip antennas maintains absorption in small pixels much more effectively than do grating couplers. Furthermore, the microstrip antenna yields moderately high absorption over a useful spectral bandwidth with a very thin QW stack. Such a stack has a high photoconductive gain, which is useful for many applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Beck, WA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EI, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00076-7 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200011 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Kennerly, SW Yao, J Tsui, DC AF Choi, KK Kennerly, SW Yao, J Tsui, DC TI Characteristics of QWIPs at low background SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab DE quantum wells; DX centers; current hysteresis ID ALXGA1-XAS ALLOYS; GAAS; STATES AB Quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) rapidly become mature in high background applications. On the other hand, the detector properties at low temperature and low background conditions are less well characterized. We have studied the current-voltage characteristics of QWIPs under this regime. We found that the current level in a fixed experimental condition can change slowly and substantially with time. The slow time dependence leads to large current hysteresis upon thermal cycling at a finite cycling rate. Under certain conditions, this time constant can be exceeding long, which leads to different metastable current states, depending on the experimental history, We also observed that in a long time scale, the de current level of a detector need not be directly proportional to the background radiation. Specifically, we observed that the de current level of some detectors under F/16 can be larger than that under F/2 at 10 K and with 290 K background. We attribute these phenomena to the effects of unintentional dopants in the QWIP barriers. In addition, we found that the dominant noise in this regime is the 1/f noise caused by the DX centers in the barriers. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EI, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 221 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00080-9 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200015 ER PT J AU Goldberg, A Fischer, T Kennerly, S Beck, W Ramirez, V Garner, K AF Goldberg, A Fischer, T Kennerly, S Beck, W Ramirez, V Garner, K TI Laboratory and field imaging test results on single-color and dual-band QWIP focal plane arrays SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab DE quantum well infrared photodetector; focal plane array; infrared imaging; test results AB We report on recent laboratory and field measurements on quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane arrays (FPAs). The results of laboratory measurements of imaging performance such as noise-equivalent temperature difference (NE DeltaT), minimum resolvable temperature, conversion efficiency, uniformity of response and dark current and their dependence on operating temperature are presented on large format (640 x 480 pixels) single-color long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) and dual-band (256 x 256 pixels) mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR)/LWIR arrays. We found that under optimum operating conditions (65 K and 1 V bias), the NE DeltaT of the LWIR FPA was approximately 30 mK and was limited by the optics and noise from the closed-cycle cooler. We will show field imagery of military targets taken with this FPA. In addition. field imagery taken with the LWIR QWIP camera of a large-transient event will be compared with that taken with an InSb MWIR camera. We will, also show imagery of a recent total eclipse of the moon. We will also present laboratory results on a simultaneously integrating, pixel-registered dual-band FPA showing excellent operability and response uniformity with NE DeltaT of approximately 30 mK in both bands (T = 60 K). The dualband FPA. was also taken to the field and we will present imagery of various targets acquired with this FPA. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Adv Sensor Evaluat Facil, Ft Belvoir, VA 22105 USA. RP Goldberg, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00089-5 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200024 ER PT J AU Beekman, DW Van Anda, J AF Beekman, DW Van Anda, J TI Polarization sensitive QWIP thermal imager SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab AB A polarization-sensitive thermal imager has been assembled using a quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array (FPA) with peak responsivity in the long-wave infrared spectral band near 9 mum. Polarization-dependent responsivity is achieved by etching linear gratings onto each pixel during QWIP FPA fabrication, with adjacent pixels having orthogonal grating orientation. The direct integration of the gratings with the pixels eliminates all pixel registration errors encountered with previous infrared polarimetry instruments. We present here details of the FPA and thermal imaging system design and performance and show examples of polarization-enhanced imagery. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Digital Imaging Infrared Inc, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. RP Beekman, DW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00090-1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200025 ER PT J AU Leavitt, RP Little, JW AF Leavitt, RP Little, JW TI Intersubband transitions to minigap-confined states in doped quantum wells SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab DE QWIP; miniband; Bragg confinement; intersubband; minigap ID INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; BARRIER; SUPERLATTICES; ABSORPTION AB We have demonstrated a new type of infrared photodetector based on infrared intersubband transitions in doped quantum wells in which the excited state is confined by the minigap between two minibands in surrounding superlattice barrier layers. Sharp peaks in the infrared photocurrent spectra were observed at 78 K in the 2.7-3.6 mum wavelength region corresponding to transitions in which the excited state energy is substantially above the conduction band edge of the higher-bandgap component of the superlattice. This indicates that the excited state is strongly confined within the well layer by the forbidden-energy minigap region between two allowed minibands. Broader, longer-wavelength photocurrent features corresponding to transitions into the lower-lying miniband states were also observed. The spectral features in the photocurrent spectra are well described by calculations of the optical absorption cross-section, and the relative magnitudes of these features are shown to be strongly affected by bias-dependent photocarrier transport. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Leavitt, RP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00105-0 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200039 ER PT J AU Mitin, VV Pipa, VI Sergeev, AV Dutta, M Stroscio, M AF Mitin, VV Pipa, VI Sergeev, AV Dutta, M Stroscio, M TI High-gain quantum-dot infrared photodetector SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2000) CY JUL 27-29, 2000 CL DANA POINT, CALIFORNIA SP NASA Breakthrough Sensors, Instrument Component Technol Thrust, Jet Propulsion Lab Ctr, Integrat Space Microsyst, Air Force Res Lab, Army Res Lab DE photodetector; quantum dot; potential barrier; capture ID PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; WELL; PHOTOTRANSISTORS; LASERS AB An innovative idea in design of sensitive quantum-dot (QD) infrared photodetector is to use a structure with QDs surrounded by repulsive potential barriers which are created due to interdot doping. Spatial separation of the localized ground state and continuum conducting states of the electron increases significantly the photoelectron capture time and photoconductive gain. Large value of the gain results in high responsivity, which in turn improves detectivity and raises the device operating temperature. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mitin, VV (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUN-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3-5 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(01)00107-4 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 444KG UT WOS:000169398200041 ER PT J AU Shapiro, AJ Johnson, RM Miller, SF McCarthy, MC AF Shapiro, AJ Johnson, RM Miller, SF McCarthy, MC TI Facial fractures in a level I trauma centre: the importance of protective devices and alcohol abuse SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article ID HELMET-USE-LAW; INJURIES; ETIOLOGY; FATALITIES; CRASHES AB Urban trauma centres have recently noted a shift in the causative mechanism of facial fractures away from motor vehicle crashes (MVC) to blunt assaults (BA). This study was conducted to examine the incidence and aetiology of facial fractures at our institution as well as the relationship with alcohol and protective device use. Trauma registry records of all patients admitted to a level I trauma centre from 1 January 1988 to 1 January 1999 were reviewed. There were 13594 trauma admissions during the Ii-year period. Facial fractures were sustained by 1429 patients (10.5%) and this group forms the subject of this study. MVC was the predominant aetiology (59.9%) followed by BA (18.8%). Facial fractures were found in 9.5% of restrained MVC patients compared to 15.4% of unrestrained patients (P < 0.001). Non-helmeted motorcyclists were four times more likely to sustain facial fractures (4.3% vs. 18.4%) than helmeted patients (P < 0.001). 39.6% of patients in the MVC group were legally intoxicated compared to 73.5% in the BA group (P < 0.001). 45.4% of unrestrained patients with facial fractures were intoxicated compared to 11.8% of restrained MVC patients with facial fractures (P < 0.001). MVC continue to be the primary aetiology of facial fractures in our trauma population. Protective devices decrease the incidence of facial fractures. Lack of protective device use and the consumption of alcohol correlate with sustaining facial fractures. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Shapiro, AJ (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 32 IS 5 BP 353 EP 356 DI 10.1016/S0020-1383(00)00245-X PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 443DY UT WOS:000169326300003 PM 11382418 ER PT J AU Tanoglu, M Robert, S Heider, D McKnight, SH Brachos, V Gillespie, JW AF Tanoglu, M Robert, S Heider, D McKnight, SH Brachos, V Gillespie, JW TI Effects of thermoplastic preforming binder on the properties of S2-glass fabric reinforced epoxy composites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES LA English DT Article DE composites; surface treatment; dynamic mechanical analysis; fracture; adhesion; preforming thermoplastic binder ID LIQUID AB The effect of a thermoplastic polyester binder on the thermophysical and mechanical properties of an S2-glass/epoxy-amine system was investigated. The purpose of the polymeric binder is to bond the individual fabric layers together during preforming prior to composite fabrication. This paper will address the significance of the binder chemistry. i.e., the compatibility of the binder with the matrix polymer. on the composite properties. The peel strength of preforms consolidated with various concentrations of binder was evaluated using the T-peel test. The highest peel resistance was obtained from preforms that have full coverage of the binder on the glass fabric. Further increase of the concentration of the binder does not change the peel strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on peel test fracture surfaces revealed mostly adhesive-type failure between binder and fiber. Double cantilever beam (DCB) and short beam shear (SBS) test results of the composite showed that the presence of about 2.6 wt% of the polyester binder reduces the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness and apparent interlaminar shear strength of the S2-glass/SC-15 epoxy-amine system by about 60% and 25%, respectively. Moreover, the T-g of the matrix polymer within the interlaminar region decreases about 6 degreesC due to the presence of the binder. The dissolution of the polyester binder within the reacting matrix resin is limited for the standard cure cycle. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Solectria Corp, Wilmington, MA 01887 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Gillespie, JW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. OI Tanoglu, Metin/0000-0001-9770-1302 NR 8 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-7496 J9 INT J ADHES ADHES JI Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0143-7496(00)00050-6 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 443FD UT WOS:000169329400002 ER PT J AU Billingsley, JP AF Billingsley, JP TI The possible influence of the de Broglie momentum-wavelength relation on plastic strain "autowave" phenomena in "active materials" SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE de Broglie effect; auto waves; active materials; plastic waves ID DEFORMATION AB Certain very slow quasi-static tensile test results by Soviet investigators show that the resulting plastic deformation occurs as a wave process. An analysis of these data reveals a possible connection with the de Broglie momentum wavelength relation, V-D = h/(m lambda). A link seems to exist between a macroscopic observable (wavelength) and the velocity (moving clamp speed) of atoms on a microscopic scale. Certain strain wave data from creep tests of aluminum were modeled via the running wave quantum relation for a particle (atom) in a one-dimensional box or line segment equal to the specimen length. These results have important implications with regard to plastic deformation theory. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSDI, RD,SS,AA, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Billingsley, JP (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSDI, RD,SS,AA, Bldg 5400,Room C-214B, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 24-25 BP 4221 EP 4234 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(00)00286-9 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 435ER UT WOS:000168864900003 ER PT J AU Wang, DF Feng, SW Lu, C Motayed, A Jah, M Mohammad, SN Jones, KA Salamanca-Riba, L AF Wang, DF Feng, SW Lu, C Motayed, A Jah, M Mohammad, SN Jones, KA Salamanca-Riba, L TI Low-resistance Ti/Al/Ti/Au multilayer ohmic contact to n-GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; GAAS; ALGAAS/GAAS; TI/AL; PERFORMANCE; NITRIDE; CHARGE; INN AB A metallization scheme has been developed for obtaining low ohmic contacts to n-GaN with a low contact resistance. The metal contact is a Ti/Al/Ti/Au composite with layers that are respectively 30, 100, 30, and 30 nm thick. Contacts with a specific contact resistivity rho (s), as low as 6.0x10(-7) Ohm cm(2) for a doping level of 1.40 x 10(20) cm(-3) were obtained after annealing the sample for 30 s at 750 degreesC in a rapid thermal annealer. The Ti placed on top of the traditional Ti/Al contact appears to have the advantage of tying up the excess Al; therefore it does not form a mottled contact. Some of the additional Ti-Al intermetallic alloys that are formed also have beneficial effects. The Ti-Au layer forms a robust upper portion of the composite, which enables the contacts to have high-temperature applications. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 2300 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403 NR 27 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 11 BP 6214 EP 6217 DI 10.1063/1.1350617 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 440AC UT WOS:000169149900053 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Joshi, PC Ervin, MH AF Cole, MW Joshi, PC Ervin, MH TI La doped Ba1-xSrxTiO3 thin films for tunable device applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES AB Pure and La doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin (BST) films were fabricated via the metalorganic solution deposition technique using carboxylate-alkoxide precursors on Pt-Si substrates. The La doping concentration, from 0 to 10 mol %, was found to have a strong influence on the 750 degreesC postdeposition annealed films material properties. All films possessed a nontextured polycrystalline microstructure with no evidence of secondary phase formation. The pure and 1 mol % La doped films exhibited a uniform microstructure suggestive of a fully developed film at this annealing temperature. Improved dielectric and insulating properties were achieved for the 1 mol % La doped BST thin films with respect to that of undoped BST films. The 1 mol % La doped BST film exhibited a lower dielectric constant, (283 vs 450) and enhanced resistivity (31.4 x 10(13) Ohm cm vs 0.04 x 10(13) Ohm cm) with respect to that of undoped BST films. The loss tangent and tunability (at 100 kHz) of the 1 mol % La doped BST films were 0.019% and 21% (at E = 300 kV/cm), respectively. Films doped at concentrations between 5 and 10 mol % possessed under developed microstructures suggesting that higher annealing temperatures and/or longer annealing times are required. The single phase structure of the 5-10 mol % La doped BST films, combined with the beneficial influence of the 1 mol % La doping on the BST films dielectric and insulating properties, suggest potential for further enhancement of the films material properties after optimization of the thermal treatments for the 5-10 mol % La doped BST thin films. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 163 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 11 BP 6336 EP 6340 DI 10.1063/1.1366656 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 440AC UT WOS:000169149900074 ER PT J AU Harrington, DT Jordan, BS Dubick, MA Cancio, LC Brinkley, W Kim, S Burleson, DG Delgado, A Goodwin, CW AF Harrington, DT Jordan, BS Dubick, MA Cancio, LC Brinkley, W Kim, S Burleson, DG Delgado, A Goodwin, CW TI Delayed partial liquid ventilation shows no efficacy in the treatment of smoke inhalation injury in swine SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE barotrauma; perfluorocarbon; pigs ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC-HERNIA; END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; GAS-EXCHANGE; INTRAALVEOLAR FIBROSIS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; PULMONARY MECHANICS; BURNED PATIENTS; NITRIC-OXIDE AB In an earlier neonatal porcine model of smoke inhalation injury (SII), immediate postinjury application of partial liquid ventilation (PLV) had dramatic beneficial effects on lung compliance, oxygenation, and survival over a 24-h period. To explore the efficacy of PLV following SII, we treated animals at 2 and 6 h after SII and followed them for 72 h. Pigs weighing 8-12 kg were sedated and pharmacologically paralyzed, given a SII, and placed on volume-cycled, pressure-limited ventilation. Animals were randomized to three groups: group I (+SII, no PLV, n = 8), group II (+SII, PLV at 2 h, n = 6), and group III (+SII, PLV at 6 h, n = 7). Ventilatory parameters and arterial blood gasses were obtained at scheduled intervals. The PLV animals (groups II and III) followed a worse course than group I (no PLV); PLV groups had higher peak and mean airway pressures, oxygenation index, and rate-pressure product (a barotrauma index) and lower lung compliance and arterial partial pressure of oxygen-to-inspired oxygen fraction ratio (all P < 0.05). PLV conferred no survival advantage. The reported beneficial effects of PLV with other models of acute lung injury do not appear to extend to the treatment of SII when PLV is instituted in a delayed manner. This study was not able to validate the previously reported beneficial effects of PLV in SII and actually found deleterious effects, perhaps reflecting the predominance of airway over alveolar disease in SII. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Harrington, DT (reprint author), Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Surg, 593 Eddy St APC 110, Providence, RI 02903 USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 90 IS 6 BP 2351 EP 2360 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 436WC UT WOS:000168958000043 PM 11356802 ER PT J AU Jex, SM Bliese, PD Buzzell, S Primeau, J AF Jex, SM Bliese, PD Buzzell, S Primeau, J TI The impact of self-efficacy on stressor-strain relations: Coping style as an explanatory mechanism SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORK STRESS; ESTEEM; ORGANIZATIONS; ADJUSTMENT; MODERATOR; CONFLICT; BELIEFS; HEALTH AB The present study was designed to examine whether coping style influences the impact of self-efficacy on stressor-strain relations. It was hypothesized that high self-efficacy would weaken stressor-strain relations when accompanied by frequent use of active coping and infrequent use of avoidance coping. Data collected from 2,293 members of the U.S. Army revealed 3-way interactions among self-efficacy, role clarity, and active coping and among self-efficacy, work overload, and avoidance coping. As predicted, self-efficacy mitigated the effects of low role clarity on strain only when active coping was high, Also as expected, strain levels were lower for participants with high self-efficacy than for participants with lower self-efficacy when work overload was low but avoidance coping was high. Implications of these findings for occupational stress research are discussed. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jex, SM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. NR 46 TC 136 Z9 145 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 86 IS 3 BP 401 EP 409 DI 10.1037//0021-9010.86.3.401 PG 9 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 470NP UT WOS:000170878300003 PM 11419800 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Eckhardt, SG Kuhn, J Hammond, L Weiss, G Rizzo, J Aylesworth, C Hidalgo, M Patnaik, A Schwartz, G Felton, S Campbell, E Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Eckhardt, SG Kuhn, J Hammond, L Weiss, G Rizzo, J Aylesworth, C Hidalgo, M Patnaik, A Schwartz, G Felton, S Campbell, E Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of NSC 655649, a rebeccamycin analog with topoisomerase inhibitory properties SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-SURFACE AREA; ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES; DNA; ANTITUMOR; INDOLOCARBAZOLES; CLEAVAGE AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility of administering NSC 655649, a water-soluble, rebeccamycin analog with topoisomerase inhibitory properties, as a brief intravenous (IV) infusion once every 3 weeks and to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of NSC 655649, characterize its pharmacokinetic behavior, and seek preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of NSC 655649 administered over 30 to 60 minutes IV once every 3 weeks. An accelerated dose-escalation method was used to guide dose escalation. After three patients were treated at the first dose level, doses were escalated in increments that ranged up to 150% using single patient cohorts until moderate toxicity was observed, when a more conservative dose-escalation scheme was invoked. MTD was defined as the highest dose level at which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity did not exceed 20%. MTD was determined for both minimally pretreated (MP) and heavily pretreated (HP) patients. plasma and urine were sampled to characterize the pharmacokinetic and excretory behavior of NSC 655649. Results: Forty-five patients were treated with 130 courses of NSC 655649 at doses ranging from 20 mg/m(2) to 744 mg/m(2). Myelosuppression was the principal toxicity. Severe neutropenia, which was often associated with thrombocytopenia, was unacceptably high in HP and MP patients treated at 572 mg/m(2) and 744 mg/m(2), respectively. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were common but rarely severe. The pharmacokinetics of NSC 655649 were dose dependent and fit a three-compartment model, The clearance and terminal elimination half-lives for NSC 655649 averaged 7.57 (SD = 4.2) L/h/m(2) and 48.85 (50 = 23.65) hours, respectively. Despite a heterogeneous population of MP and HP patients, the magnitude of drug exposure correlated well with the severity of myelosuppression. Antitumor activity was observed in two HP ovarian cancer patients and one patient with a soft tissue sarcoma refractory to etoposide and doxorubicin, Conclusion: Recommended phase II doses are 500 mg/m(2) and 572 mg/m(2) IV once every 3 weeks for HP and MP patients, respectively. The absence of severe nonhematologic toxicities, the encouraging antitumor activity in HP patients, and the unique mechanism of antineoplastic activity of NSC 655649 warrant further clinical development. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, 8122 Datapoint Dr,Ste 250, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI HIDALGO, MANUEL/I-4995-2015 OI HIDALGO, MANUEL/0000-0002-3765-3318 FU NCI NIH HHS [5P30 CA54174, U01 CA69853]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR01346-19] NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2937 EP 2947 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 438BN UT WOS:000169034000022 PM 11387367 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Gooch, G AF Lever, JH Gooch, G TI Design of Cazenovia Creek ice control structure SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Cazenovia Creek, in Western New York, is the largest tributary of the Buffalo River. Breakup-ice jams form nearly every year, and ice-jam flooding occurs in Buffalo and West Seneca every 2-3 years. A proposed ice-control structure consisted of a weir with ice-retaining piers, an excavated pool, and a prepared floodway. The structure performed well during model tests, but it was not built due to cost-sharing problems. This paper describes model tests and design recommendations for a new ice-control structure for Cazenovia Creek. It consists of nine, 3m tall x 1.5-m diameter cylindrical piers that are spaced across the main channel at the same site. It does not require a weir or excavated pool, and it uses the adjoining tree floodplain as a bypass channel. Consequently. the cost should be much less than the original structure. The new structure should retain ice, at least as well as the original one, and should substantially reduce ice-jam flood damages downstream. Design loads. based on model measurements, agree well with design guidance for bridge piers and ore conservative, relative to measured loads on bridge piers. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 103 EP 124 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2001)15:2(103) PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 434HH UT WOS:000168808700003 ER PT J AU Wolter, SD Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Wolter, SD Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Raman spectroscopic characterization of diamond films grown in a low-pressure flat flame SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE characterization; low-pressure flat flame growth; diamond ID DEPOSITED DIAMOND; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; THIN-FILMS; SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE; QUALITY; SPECTRA AB Diamond films produced in the low-pressure hat flame have been examined using Raman spectroscopy. The effect of the oxy-acetylene gas mixture (R = O-2/C2H2 gas ratio of 0.95 to 1.06) and substrate temperature (650-850 degrees 'C) on the form of the non-diamond carbon as well as the diamond phase purity and crystallinity. are reported. An assessment of the diamond crystallinity was achieved by inspection of the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the Raman line observed at 1332 +/- 0.5 cm(-1) representing sp(3)-bonded carbon. This analysis revealed a FWHM as low as similar to4.3 cm(-1) for the optimum growth conditions of an R = 1.05 and substrate temperatures of 650-750 degreesC. The broad non-diamond carbon component in the 1350cm(-1) to 1650cm(-1) range was deconvoluted into three distinct Gaussian peaks at 1355 +/- 1.5cm(-1) 1470 +/- 7.5cm(-1), and 1550 +/- 4.0cm. These peaks remained in the same relative proportion regardless of the processing conditions, and the total area of the non-diamond peaks was found to correspond linearly with the background luminescence. A relative comparison of the diamond and non-diamond carbon was used to qualitatively estimate the diamond film phase purity. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sdwolter@unity.ncsu.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN PY 2001 VL 226 IS 1 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(01)01274-X PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 443AV UT WOS:000169317900015 ER PT J AU Almeida, LA Hirsch, L Martinka, M Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Almeida, LA Hirsch, L Martinka, M Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Improved morphology and crystalline quality of MBE CdZnTe/Si SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2000 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO SP USA SMDC, USA, Res Lab, Off Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Metals & Materials Soc DE CdZnTe; CdTe; heteroepitaxy; Si substrates; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) ID GROWTH; HGCDTE; CDTE AB We report on continuing efforts to develop a reproducible process for molecular beam epitaxy of CdZnTe on three-inch, (211) Si wafers. Through a systematic study of growth parameters, we have significantly improved the crystalline quality and have reduced the density of typical surface defects. Lower substrate growth temperatures (similar to 250-280 degreesC) and higher CdZnTe growth rates improved the surface morphology of the epilayers by reducing the density of triangular surface defects. Cyclic thermal annealing was found to reduce the dislocation density. Epilayers were characterized using Nomarski microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, defect-decoration etching, and by their use as substrates for HgCdTe epitaxy. C1 Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Almeida, LA (reprint author), Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 5 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 608 EP 610 DI 10.1007/BF02665842 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 445EE UT WOS:000169444500009 ER PT J AU Martinka, M Almeida, LA Benson, JD Dinan, JH AF Martinka, M Almeida, LA Benson, JD Dinan, JH TI Characterization of cross-hatch morphology of MBE (211) HgCdTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2000 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO SP USA SMDC, USA, Res Lab, Off Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Metals & Materials Soc DE cross-hatch; HgCdTe; CdZnTe; lattice-mismatch; defects ID STRAIN; RELAXATION; EPITAXY AB We present the results of a detailed study of the nature and origin of cross-hatch patterns commonly observed on (211) HgCdTe epilayers deposited by molecular beam epitaxy. Cross-hatch patterns were examined using x-ray topography as well as Nomarski, interferometric, and atomic force microscopies. Cross-hatch patterns were generally comprised of three sets of lines, parallel to the [(2) over bar 31], [(2) over bar 13], and [01 (1) over bar] directions. The lines parallel to the [01 (1) over bar] direction exhibited distinct properties compared to the two sets of lines parallel to [(2) over bar3], and [(2) over bar 13]. Under growth conditions characterized by excessive Hg flux (low temperature), lines parallel to [01 (1) over bar] were periodic and tended to dominate the cross-hatch pattern. In some cases, bands of dislocations, 10-100 mum in width, formed parallel to [01 (1) over bar]. Under optimized growth conditions, on very closely lattice-matched substrates, (dislocation densities <10(5) cm(-2)) lines parallel to [01<(1)over bar>] vanished entirely, and lines parallel to [(2) over bar 31] and [(2) over bar 13] became sparse. The remaining lines were typically fragments terminated by either a single dislocation, a cluster of dislocations (micro-void), or the wafer's edge. The density of these line fragments tended to decrease as the dislocation density decreased. Under the best growth conditions on very closely lattice-matched substrates we have achieved dislocation densities of 5 x 10(4) cm(-2), which is comparable to the dislocation density of the CdZnTe substrate. C1 USA, CECOM, Ctr Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Martinka, M (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Ctr Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10215 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 632 EP 636 DI 10.1007/BF02665847 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 445EE UT WOS:000169444500014 ER PT J AU Brill, G Velicu, S Boieriu, P Chen, Y Dhar, NK Lee, TS Selamet, Y Sivananthan, S AF Brill, G Velicu, S Boieriu, P Chen, Y Dhar, NK Lee, TS Selamet, Y Sivananthan, S TI MBE growth and device processing of MWIR HgCdTe on large area Si substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2000 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO SP USA SMDC, USA, Res Lab, Off Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Metals & Materials Soc DE HgCdTe; Si; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); MWIR; alternative substrate; infrared detectors; reflection high-energy electron diffraction; (RHEED) ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS AB The traditional substrate of choice for HgCdTe material growth has been lattice matched bulk CdZnTe material. However, as larger array sizes are required for future devices, it is evident that current size limitations of bulk substrates will become an issue and therefore large area Si substrates will become a requirement for HgCdTe growth in order to maintain the cost-efficiency of future systems. As a result, traditional substrate mounting methods that use chemical compounds to adhere the substrate to the substrate holder may pose significant technical challenges to the growth and fabrication of HgCdTe on large area Si substrates. For these reasons, non-contact (indium-free) substrate mounting was used to grow mid-wave infrared (MWIR) HgCdTe material on 3" CdTe/Si substrates. In order to maintain a constant epilayer temperature during HgCdTe nucleation, reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) was implemented to develop a substrate temperature ramping profile for HgCdTe nucleation. The layers were characterized ex-situ using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and etch pit density measurements to determine structural characteristics. Dislocation densities typically measured in the 9 x 10(6) cm(-2) to 1 x 10(7) cm(-2) range and showed a strong correlation between ramping profile and Cd composition, indicating the uniqueness of the ramping profiles. Hall and photoconductive decay measurements were used to characterize the electrical properties of the layers. Additionally, both single element and 32 x 32 photovoltaic devices were fabricated from these layers. A RA value of 1.8 x 10(6) Omega -cm(2) measured at - 40 mV was obtained for MWIR material, which is comparable to HgCdTe grown on bulk CdZnTe substrates. C1 EPIR Ltd, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. SPI Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Brill, G (reprint author), EPIR Ltd, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 7 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1007/BF02665861 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 445EE UT WOS:000169444500028 ER PT J AU Trivedi, SB Kutcher, SW Wang, CC Jagannathan, GV Hommerich, U Bluiett, A Turner, M Seo, JT Schepler, KL Schumm, B Boyd, PR Green, G AF Trivedi, SB Kutcher, SW Wang, CC Jagannathan, GV Hommerich, U Bluiett, A Turner, M Seo, JT Schepler, KL Schumm, B Boyd, PR Green, G TI Transition metal doped cadmium manganese telluride: A new material for tunable mid-infrared lasing SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2000 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO SP USA SMDC, USA, Res Lab, Off Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Metals & Materials Soc DE CdMnTe; mid-infrared; tunable laser; transition metal ion laser ID ZINC CHALCOGENIDES; LASER; CR2+CD0.85MN0.15TE AB Relatively new materials for mid-infrared tunable lasing using chromium-doped Cd1-xMnxTe and cobalt-doped Cd1-xMnxTe have been developed. Previously, ZnS and ZnSe were used as host materials for chromium to produce mid-infrared (MIR) lasing. Compared to these materials, large diameter CdMnTe is easier to grow (using the Bridgman technique) and can be made more homogeneous. Moreover, the ternary nature of Cd1-xMnxTe offers the unique opportunity to optimize the optical properties of the material through variation of chemical composition and lattice parameter. Using Cd0.55Mn0.45Te:Cr, we have demonstrated room temperature lasing from 2.1 to 3.0 mum, and we have demonstrated quasi-continuous wave (cw) lasing. To our knowledge, the observed tuning range (similar to 840 nm) of Cr2+:Cd0.55Mn0.45Te is the largest ever reported from a transition metal ion laser. Furthermore, this is the first time that a room temperature quasi-cw laser operating at 3 mum has been demonstrated using this type of material. Also, preliminary work on Cd0.55Mn0.45Te:Co indicates its potential for tunable mid-infrared lasing around 3600 nm at cryogenic temperatures. Results from inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which determine the concentration of dopant that has been incorporated into the host lattice, will be reported, as will the materials characterization and lasing results. The processing issues for optimizing the laser performance in these material systems will also be discussed. C1 Brimrose Corp Amer, Baltimore, MD 21236 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, RCOP, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USAF, Res Lab, AFRL SNJT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USA, Res Lab, EO & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Trivedi, SB (reprint author), Brimrose Corp Amer, 5024 Campbell Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21236 USA. OI Schepler, Kenneth/0000-0001-9658-2305 NR 13 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 10 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 728 EP 732 DI 10.1007/BF02665863 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 445EE UT WOS:000169444500030 ER PT J AU Stoltz, AJ Banish, MR Dinan, JH Benson, JD Brown, DR Chenault, DB Boyd, PR AF Stoltz, AJ Banish, MR Dinan, JH Benson, JD Brown, DR Chenault, DB Boyd, PR TI Antireflective structures in CdTe and CdZnTe surfaces by ECR plasma etching SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2000 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO SP USA SMDC, USA, Res Lab, Off Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals, Metals & Materials Soc DE CdZnTe; antireflective; ECR plasma etching ID GRATINGS AB A rigorous coupled-wave analysis procedure has been used to design structures which can be embedded in Cd(Zn)Te surfaces to make them antireflective in the 8-14 mum spectral region. Gray scale lithography was used to produce these patterns in photoresist layers. High fidelity transfer of patterns into Cd(Zn)Te surfaces was accomplished by utilizing an electron cyclotron resonance plasma with etch selectivity values in the range of 6.7-13.3. Transmission values at patterned surfaces were measured to be as high as 99.3%. C1 E OIR Measurements Inc, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 USA. SY Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. MEMS Opt LLC, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Stoltz, AJ (reprint author), E OIR Measurements Inc, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 733 EP 737 DI 10.1007/BF02665864 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 445EE UT WOS:000169444500031 ER PT J AU Bray, M AF Bray, M TI The role of the Type I interferon response in the resistance of mice to filovirus infection SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EBOLA-VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN MXA PROTEIN; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; LACKING; INDUCTION; RECEPTORS; THERAPY; DISEASE; GENES AB Adult immunocompetent mice inoculated with Ebola (EBO) or Marburg (MBG) virus do not become ill. A suckling-mouse-passaged variant of EBO Zaire '76 (' mouse-adapted EBO-Z') causes rapidly lethal infection in adult mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation, but does not cause apparent disease when inoculated subcutaneously (s.c.). A series of experiments showed that both forms of resistance to infection are mediated by the Type I interferon response. Mice lacking the cell-surface IFN-alpha/beta receptor died within a week after inoculation of EBO-Z '76, EBO Sudan, MBG Musoke or MBG Ravn, or after s.c. challenge with mouse-adapted EBO-Z. EBO Reston and EBO Ivory Coast did not cause illness, but immunized the mice against subsequent challenge with mouse-adapted EBO-Z. Normal adult mice treated with antibodies against murine IFN-alpha/beta could also be lethally infected with i.p.-inoculated EBO-Z '76 or EBO Sudan and with s.c.-inoculated mouse-adapted EBO-Z. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice became ill 3-4 weeks after inoculation with EBO-Z '76, EBO Sudan or MBG Ravn, but not the other viruses. Treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antibodies markedly accelerated the course of EBO-Z '76 infection. Antibody treatment blocked the effect of a potent antiviral drug, 3-deazaneplanocin A, indicating that successful filovirus therapy may require the active participation of the Type I IFN response. Mice lacking an IFN-alpha/beta response resemble primates in their susceptibility to rapidly progressive, overwhelming filovirus infection. The outcome of filovirus transfer between animal species appears to be determined by interactions between the virus and the innate immune response. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Viral Therapeut, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bray, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Viral Therapeut, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 37 TC 131 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AE, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 82 BP 1365 EP 1373 PN 6 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 435TE UT WOS:000168896600014 PM 11369881 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Saengkrai, P Yongvanitchit, K Limsomwong, C Gettayacamin, M Walsh, DS Stewart, VA Ballou, WR Heppner, DG AF Pichyangkul, S Saengkrai, P Yongvanitchit, K Limsomwong, C Gettayacamin, M Walsh, DS Stewart, VA Ballou, WR Heppner, DG TI Isolation and characterization of rhesus blood dendritic cells using flow cytometry SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE rhesus monkey; rhesus dendritic cells; CD83; flow cytometry; co-stimulatory molecules ID GENE-EXPRESSION; LYMPH-NODES; T-CELLS; MACAQUES; DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNIZATION; INTERFERON; MONOCYTES; ANTIGEN AB Recognition of dondritic cells (DQ) as initiators and modulators of immune responses and growing use of rhesus monkeys for the preclinical optimization of vaccine formulations prompted characterization of the phenotype and function of isolated rhesus peripheral blood DCs. We developed a flow cytometric method to directly identify and isolate DCs from rhesus peripheral blood whereby a T cell depleted population negative for CD3, CD14, CD16 and CD20 but positive for CD83 yielded a cell population with surface markers, morphology, and a cytokine profile similar to human myeloid DCs. Rhesus blood DCs were more effective than monocytes and B cells in mixed lymphocyte reactions and in the presentation of recombinant malaria blood stage antigen MSP-1((42)) to autologous T cells. The ability to isolate rhesus blood DC from peripheral blood should be a useful tool for immunological investigations, (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Dept Vet Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Pichyangkul, S (reprint author), USA, US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(01)00327-1 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 428KF UT WOS:000168460300002 PM 11334961 ER PT J AU Rajasekariah, GHR Ryan, JR Hillier, SR Yi, LP Stiteler, JM Cui, LW Smithyman, AM Martin, SK AF Rajasekariah, GHR Ryan, JR Hillier, SR Yi, LP Stiteler, JM Cui, LW Smithyman, AM Martin, SK TI Optimisation of an ELISA for the serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis using in vitro derived promastigote antigens SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE anti-human HRP conjugate; ELISA; endemic sera; ESM antigen; field-ELISA; Leishmania donovani; promastigote; specific antibody reactivity; signal/noise ratio; visceral leishmaniasis ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; DONOVANI; IMMUNOASSAYS; ANTIBODIES; INFECTIONS; RESPONSES; DIAGNOSIS; CHAGASI; RK39 AB An antibody detection ELISA was developed for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Antigens released by Leishmania donovani promastigotes into a protein-free medium were used. SDS-PAGE analysis has indicated that Ld-ESM contain several protein antigens. Titration and chequer-board analyses were performed to optimise the assay protocol. Optimal results were obtained when antigen (50 mug/ml) was coated with PBS-methyl glyoxal buffer, and wells blocked with 0.5% casein. A serum dilution of 1:500 in antigen-coated wells, blocked with 0.5% casein, generated lowest absorbance with Ref - ve sera and higher absorbance with Ref + ve sera. All steps of the ELISA were performed at room temperature. The S/N ratio, the differential absorbance between the negative sample vs. the test or Ref + ve sample, was used to quantify the specific antigen and antibody reactions, An anti-human monoclonal antibody conjugated with HRP (MAb-conjugate) outperformed a commercially available anti-human polyclonal antibody conjugate (PAb-conjugate). The MAb-conjugate gave minimal background reactions with endemic sera. Optimised final assay steps mentioned below were used to evaluate sera samples from field trials. ELISA wells were coated with 50 mug/ml Ld-ESM mixed in PBS-methyl glyoxal overnight, and after removing the antigen, blocked with 0.5% casein for 1 h at RT. Patient sera along with control sera, diluted to 1:500 in PBS/T, were reacted for 1 h at RT. After washing the plate with PBS/T, wells were reacted with MAb-conjugate for 40 min at RT, and after washing, binding of antibodies was visualized by using TMB as a chromogen substrate. The relative specific binding was quantified by the S/N ratio. A batch of n = 22 endemic sera from North Africa were evaluated and resulted with 100% specificity and sensitivity, 99.99% PPV and 95.45% NPV. The specificity and sensitivity of this assay will be further evaluated in planned retrospective and prospective multi-site trials. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. Ail rights reserved. C1 Cellabs Pty Ltd, Brookvale, NSW 2100, Australia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Rajasekariah, GHR (reprint author), Cellabs Pty Ltd, POB 421, Brookvale, NSW 2100, Australia. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 105 EP 119 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(01)00341-6 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 428KF UT WOS:000168460300011 PM 11334970 ER PT J AU Anderson, GL Garg, DP AF Anderson, GL Garg, DP TI Suggestions for skillful proposal writing SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB This brief paper is written to provide instructions and suggestions for preparing research proposals for possible funding. Whereas the emphasis of the present document is on the funding process used by the Army Research Office (ARO), the suggestions could be utilized as a proposal preparation guide for submitting applications to many other funding agencies as well. In this paper, first the various programs at ARO such as the core programs and the special initiatives that are available for funding in the Engineering Sciences Directorate are pointed out. Next, the process of receiving and evaluating proposals in the Structures and Dynamics Program of the Mechanical and Environmental Sciences Division is described. This is followed by a discussion of specific issues such as the need for the Army relevance, cost sharing, and technology transfer. Finally, additional information, including a list of recent publications that could serve as supplementary resource material, and contact information is given. C1 USA, Res Off, Mech & Environm Sci Div, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Anderson, GL (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Mech & Environm Sci Div, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 12 IS 6 BP 409 EP 414 DI 10.1106/104538902022600 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 548MV UT WOS:000175392500004 ER PT J AU Choe, JY Ravichandran, D Blomquist, SM Kirchner, KW Forsythe, EW Morton, DC AF Choe, JY Ravichandran, D Blomquist, SM Kirchner, KW Forsythe, EW Morton, DC TI Cathodoluminescence study of novel sol-gel derived Y3-xAl5O12 : Tb-x phosphors SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; YAG : Tb; phosphors; sol-gel; lifetime ID 5D3-5D4 CROSS-RELAXATION; LUMINESCENCE; Y3AL5O12; TB-3+ AB The synthesis, physical characterization and cathodoluminescence (CL) of sol-gel derived Y3-xAl5O12:Tb-x(3+) (YAG, x = 0.03-0.15) powders is presented. Metal-alkoxide organic precursors were used as the starting materials to form the sol-gel with the required stoichiometry. At a temperature between 900 and 950 degreesC the non-crystalline xero-gel fully crystallized to form the single-phase YAG powder. The powder X-ray diffraction showed that the garnet structure and all reflections were indexed without any other secondary impurity phases. From the CL spectrum, all possible transitions D-5(4) --> F-7(1...6) due to Tb3+ in YAG structure were identified including the bright green emission at 548 nm. The highest luminance at a fixed beam current density was observed for the Tb concentration of x = 0.12 (4% atomic). The CL intensity increased linearly with current densities from 1 to 60 muA/cm(2) but remained nearly constant from 60 to 100 muA/cm(2). Two exponentially decaying functions that were fitted to the pulsed-CL decay curve illustrated the emission decay from D-5(4) and D-5(3) to F-7(J) levels with their characteristic lifetimes. Both CL luminance and the decay time are comparable with commercially available optimized phosphors used for CRT and FED applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EO,Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Choe, JY (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EO,Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 28 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 7 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 93 IS 2 BP 119 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S0022-2313(01)00178-8 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 445UT UT WOS:000169477500005 ER PT J AU Borris, TJ Scuba, JR AF Borris, TJ Scuba, JR TI Continuous postoperative pain control after bone graft harvest using a pump delivery system SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MORBIDITY C1 USA, Ft Benning, GA USA. Martin Army Community Hosp, Ft Benning, GA USA. RP Borris, TJ (reprint author), 401 Lumpkin Rd, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 59 IS 6 BP 707 EP 708 DI 10.1053/joms.2001.23414 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 438AC UT WOS:000169030700027 PM 11381403 ER PT J AU Bliese, PD Britt, TW AF Bliese, PD Britt, TW TI Social support, group consensus and stressor-strain relationships: social context matters SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID MODERATOR; MULTILEVEL; HYPOTHESIS; VALIDITY; ISSUES AB In this study, we examined the degree to which individuals' reactions to stressors were influenced by the quality of their shared social environments. Based on social support theory, we proposed that individuals in positive social environments would show lower levels of strain when exposed to stressors than would individuals in negative social environments. The quality of the shared social environment was assessed by measuring the degree of consensus among group members about an issue of importance to the group - namely about the group leadership. Social influence theory provides compelling reasons to believe that this measure of consensus should be a strong indicator of the quality of the social environment within the groups. In multilevel analyses using a sample of 1923 soldiers who were members of 52 Companies deployed to Haiti, we found that the quality of the social environment moderated relationships between (a) work stressors and morale and (b) work stressors and depression. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Bliese, PD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 34 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0894-3796 J9 J ORGAN BEHAV JI J. Organ. Behav. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 425 EP 436 DI 10.1002/job.95 PG 12 WC Business; Psychology, Applied; Management SC Business & Economics; Psychology GA 439LM UT WOS:000169118400005 ER PT J AU Ladda, R Aikawa, M Sprinz, H AF Ladda, R Aikawa, M Sprinz, H TI Penetration of erythrocytes by merozoites of mammalian and avian malarial parasites SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Entry of merozoites of Plasmodium berghei yoeli and of P. gallinaceum into erythrocytes has been elucidated by electron microscopy. Merozoites approach host cells with the conoid leading the way. At the point of contact between the anterior pole of the parasite and the host cell a focal depression of the red cell membrane forms, which deepens as the merozoite advances. The continuity of the host cell membrane is not disrupted. With deeper invagination of the red cell membrane the resulting cavity conforms to the shape of the merozoite. The site of initial parasite contact forms a relatively constricted orifice through which the posterior portion of the parasite passes. Later the edges of this orifice fuse and the parasite now lies in a vacuole inside the host cell. At this stage the merozoite undergoes a transformation and dedifferentiation. The pellicle loses the characteristic thick inner membrane. The parasite becomes rounded and the conoid and paired organelles are no longer discernible, Trophozoite development is initiated. This sequence of events unequivocally establishes the origin of the parasite membrane envelope and the origin of the space separating the two membranes. The outer membrane is derived from the plasmalemma of the host red cell; the inner is the covering of the parasite. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. RP Ladda, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 87 IS 3 BP 470 EP 478 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 444GP UT WOS:000169392000002 PM 11426708 ER PT J AU Mitchell, JP Dennis, GJ Rider, LG AF Mitchell, JP Dennis, GJ Rider, LG TI Juvenile dermatomyositis presenting with anasarca: A possible indicator of severe disease activity SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEMENT AB Juvenile dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the muscle, skin, and other organs. Although localized edema is a common feature of juvenile dermatomyositis, generalized edema has been reported infrequently. We describe a patient with juvenile dermatomyositis presenting with anasarca and note that generalized edema has been associated with severe disease activity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Food & Drug Adm, Washington, DC USA. RP Mitchell, JP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Rider, Lisa/0000-0002-6912-2458 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 138 IS 6 BP 942 EP 945 DI 10.1067/mpd.2001.113363 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 440LH UT WOS:000169176400037 PM 11391348 ER PT J AU Siebold, GL AF Siebold, GL TI Core issues and theory in military sociology SO JOURNAL OF POLITICAL & MILITARY SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRENDS AB The military has been a fertile source of data to address broad sociological theories and problems that cut across several areas of inquiry. Research on the military has contributed to attitude research, small groups, race relations, social change, the family, professions, and political economy. However, missing is a generally accepted core to military sociology, i.e., central issues and theory. This core must be identified and researched so that findings can be accumulated and the field can contribute fully to sociology. Candidate issue areas are: (a) the ethos of the military profession, (b) the military as an institution and organization, (c) civil-military relations, and (d) military relations with other governmental agencies and militaries. These issue areas require clarification and more articulated theories that are addressed by empirical research. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Siebold, GL (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOURNAL POLITICAL MILITARY SOCIOLOGY PI DE KALB PA DEPT SOCIOLOGY, NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DE KALB, IL 60115-2854 USA SN 0047-2697 J9 J POLIT MIL SOCIOL JI J. Polit. Mil. Soc. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 140 EP 159 PG 20 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 468FR UT WOS:000170747900007 ER PT J AU Salkind, A Atwater, T Singh, P Nelatury, S Damodar, S Fennie, C Reisner, D AF Salkind, A Atwater, T Singh, P Nelatury, S Damodar, S Fennie, C Reisner, D TI Dynamic characterization of small lead-acid cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Power Sources Symposium CY APR 09-11, 2001 CL MANCHESTER, ENGLAND SP AEA Technol Battery Syst Ltd, Batteries Int, British Telecom, CMP Batteries, DERA, Hawker Ltd, SAFT, Transport Res Lab, Ultralife Batteries (UK) Ltd, Varta Ltd DE lead-acid batteries; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; time-domain spectroscopy; Fourier analysis; VRLA batteries AB Three sizes of small valve regulated (VRLA) commercially available lead-acid cells were investigated and characterized for their dynamic properties by ac impedance spectroscopy and other electrochemical techniques. All cells were of the limited electrolyte type and no additional electrolyte was introduced during the studies. The data indicates a very significant increase in cell impedance at lower states of charge, as expected. In charging studies close to the fully charged state, some unexpected impedance data were observed. Complex impedance plots indicate a passive film formation, probably associated with the recombination surface film. The investigations included cells in various states of charge as well as cycling history including positional orientation studies. Equivalent circuits were derived from ac impedance spectroscopy and the parameters studied as a function of the cell's state-of-charge. Furthermore, the voltage response of the cells was theoretically generated from the ac impedance spectroscopy using Fourier transform analysis and found to be similar to the measured cell responses. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Battery Mat & Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, CECOM, RD&EC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Villanova Univ, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. US Nanocorp Inc, Farmington, CT 06032 USA. RP Salkind, A (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Battery Mat & Engn, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 7 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 96 IS 1 BP 151 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00561-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 440KN UT WOS:000169174600026 ER PT J AU Chu, D Jiang, R Gardner, K Jacobs, R Schmidt, J Quakenbush, T Stephens, J AF Chu, D Jiang, R Gardner, K Jacobs, R Schmidt, J Quakenbush, T Stephens, J TI Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells for communication applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Power Sources Symposium CY APR 09-11, 2001 CL MANCHESTER, ENGLAND SP AEA Technol Battery Syst Ltd, Batteries Int, British Telecom, CMP Batteries, DERA, Hawker Ltd, SAFT, Transport Res Lab, Ultralife Batteries (UK) Ltd, Varta Ltd DE fuel cells; polymer electrolyte membrane; applications; portable communications ID STACK AB An advanced portable power source using a 50 Watt (PPS-50) polymer electrolyte membrane cell EMFC system was developed by Ball Aerospace under the US Army, Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) and the Office Special Technology (OST) joint program. The PEMFC system was designed as required for commercial and military applications. The system as evaluated extensively under different environmental temperatures and humidity conditions. The thermal behavior and discharge performances of the PEMFC system at different discharge currents, temperatures and relative humidities were also investigated. The temperature range was from -10 to 50 degreesC and the relative humidity (r.h.) from 10 to 90%. The PPS-50 system can provide a normal power output about 50 W at 12 V, while the peak power output can reach approximately 65 W (11 V, 6 A). The water production efficiency from the: cathode was approximately 70%, and the residual 30% diffused to the anode side. The system was also used to power PRC-119 radios for communication applications, and it performed extremely well during the retransmission site test, operating continuously for over 25 h. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, CECOM, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Ball Aerosp Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. RP Chu, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 96 IS 1 BP 174 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00567-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 440KN UT WOS:000169174600029 ER PT J AU Bak, JM Boykin, KG Thompson, BC Daniel, DL AF Bak, JM Boykin, KG Thompson, BC Daniel, DL TI Distribution of wintering Ferruginous Hawks (Buteo regalis) in relation to black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in southern New Mexico and northern Chihuahua SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ferruginous Hawk; Buteo regalis; black-tailed prairie dog; Cynomys ludovicianus; wintering habitat ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; DIVERSITY AB We studied winter habitat use of Ferruginous Hawks (Buteo regalis) from November 1999-February 2000 in southern New Mexico and northern Mexico by comparing vegetation in New Mexico among three potential hawk habitat types; occupied black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies (N = 13), areas without prairie dogs that had historical records of occurrence (N = 7), and general grassland areas (N = 8). In Mexico, we recorded habitat use of hawks observed during driving surveys. Overall, 20 of 22 Ferruginous Hawks observed throughout the study were associated with occupied black-tailed prairie dog colonies. In New Mexico, we found the three site types were similar in vegetation composition and structure and differed only in the presence or absence of black-tailed prairie dogs; however, there were differences in the vegetation between haw use areas in Mexico. Mexico sites had intensive grazing and less vegetation cover and overall shorter vegetation. Vegetation composition and structure did not seem to influence winter habitat selection in Ferruginous Hawks; instead, it was directly correlated with occupied black-tailed prairie dog colonies. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Sci, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey,Biol Resources Div, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Bak, JM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm, SFIM, AEC,EQN, Bldg 4435, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RI Boykin, Kenneth/D-2863-2009 OI Boykin, Kenneth/0000-0001-6381-0463 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 35 IS 2 BP 124 EP 129 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 453MJ UT WOS:000169919400006 ER PT J AU Carlton, SM Zahn, CM Kendall, BS Natarajan, S AF Carlton, SM Zahn, CM Kendall, BS Natarajan, S TI Placenta increta/percreta associated with uterine perforation during therapy for fetal death - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE placenta accreta; uterine perforation; fetal death; placenta increta; placenta percreta ID PERCRETA; INCRETA; ABORTION; PREGNANCY; ACCRETA AB BACKGROUND: Placenta accreta involves abnormal adherence of the placenta to the myometrium. Placenta increta and percreta are defined by the degree of trophoblastic penetration of the myometrium. These conditions are rarely observed in the first trimester; placenta increta and percreta are exceptionally infrequent. CASE: A woman had a uterine perforation after suction curettage for fetal death at 11 weeks' gestation, requiring hysterectomy for control of a profuse hemorrhage. Histopathologic examination of the uterus revealed placenta increta involving the lower uterine segment and placenta percreta at the site of uterine perforation. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of placenta percreta associated with uterine perforation during therapy for first-trimester fetal death. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Zahn, CM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 46 IS 6 BP 601 EP 605 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 447QV UT WOS:000169584700011 PM 11441688 ER PT J AU Albert, DG Hole, LR AF Albert, DG Hole, LR TI Blast noise propagation above a snow cover SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID IMPULSE PROPAGATION; SOUND-PROPAGATION; IMPEDANCE; LAYER AB A porous medium model of a snow cover, rather than a viscoelastic treatment, has been used to simulate measured, horizontally traveling acoustic waveform propagation above a dry snow cover 11-20 cm thick. The waveforms were produced by explosions of l-kg charges at propagation distances of 100 to 1400 m. These waveforms, with a peak frequency around 30 Hz, show pulse broadening effects similar to those previously seen for higher-frequency waves over shorter propagation distances. A rigid-ice-frame porous medium (''rigid-porous'') impedance model, which includes the effect of the pores within the snow but ignores any induced motion of the ice particles, is shown to produce much better agreement with the measured waveforms compared with a viscoelastic solid treatment of the snow cover. From the acoustic waveform modeling, the predicted average snow cover depth of 18 cm and effective flow resistivities of 16-31 kPa s m(-2) agree with snow pit observations and with previous acoustic measurements over snow. For propagation in the upwind direction, the pulse broadening caused by the snow cover interaction is lessened, but the overall amplitude decay is greater because of refraction of the blast waves. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Oslo Mil Akerhus, Norwegian Def Construct Serv, FBT S, N-0015 Oslo, Norway. RP Albert, DG (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 109 IS 6 BP 2675 EP 2681 DI 10.1121/1.1360240 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 443CU UT WOS:000169322800018 PM 11425110 ER PT J AU Leek, MR Summers, V AF Leek, MR Summers, V TI Pitch strength and pitch dominance of iterated rippled noises in hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY FILTER SHAPES; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; TONE; DISCRIMINATION; PERCEPTION; VOWEL; REPRESENTATION; IMPAIRMENTS; CONTRAST; REGION AB Reports using a variety of psychophysical tasks indicate that pitch perception by hearing-impaired listeners may be abnormal, contributing to difficulties in understanding speech and enjoying music. Pitches of complex sounds may be weaker and more indistinct in the presence of cochlear damage, especially when frequency regions are affected that form the strongest basis for pitch perception in normal-hearing Listeners. In this study, the strength of the complex pitch generated by iterated rippled noise was assessed In normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Pitch strength was measured for broadband noises with spectral ripples generated by iteratively delaying a copy of a given noise and adding it back into the original. Octave-band-pass versions of these noises also were evaluated to assess frequency dominance regions for rippled-noise pitch. Hearing-impaired listeners demonstrated consistently weaker pitches in response to the rippled noises relative to pitch strength in normal-hearing listeners. However, in most cases, the frequency regions of pitch dominance, i.e., strongest pitch, were similar to those observed in normal-hearing listeners. Except where there exists a substantial sensitivity loss, contributions from normal pitch dominance regions associated with the strongest pitches may not be directly related to impaired spectral processing. It is suggested that the reduced strength of rippled-noise pitch in listeners with hearing loss results from impaired frequency resolution and possibly an associated deficit in temporal processing. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Leek, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00626] NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 109 IS 6 BP 2944 EP 2954 DI 10.1121/1.1371761 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 443CU UT WOS:000169322800044 PM 11425136 ER PT J AU Sardelis, MR Turell, MJ AF Sardelis, MR Turell, MJ TI Ochlerotatus j. japonicus in Frederick County, Maryland: Discovery, distribution, and vector competence for West Nile virus SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ochlerotatus j. japonicus; Maryland; distribution; West Nile virus; vector competence ID VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; CULEX-PIPIENS; AEDES AB Ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus is reported fur the Ist time south of the Mason-Dixon Line, in Frederick County, Maryland. Fifty-seven oviposition trap samples were collected throughout the county between June 30 and August 24. 2000. From 971 larvae reared from the oviposition traps, 5 species were identified: Ochleratatus triseriatus (45%). Oc. j. japonicus (43%), Aedes albopictus (7%), Culex pipiens (4%). and Toxorynchites ritulus septentrionalis (<1%). Ochlerotatus j. japonicus was found widely distributed over the area sampled. This is the 1st record of Ae. albopictus in the county as well. Vector competence studies indicated that Oc. j. juponicus is an efficient laboratory vector of West Nile (WN) virus. Depending on the viral titer at time of feeding, the estimated transmission rates fur Oc. j. japonicus for WN virus were 2-4 times higher than that fur Cx. pipiens. Studies of the viral titer in mosquitoes over time showed that titers in the bodies of infected Oc. j. japonicus reached their peak (similar to 10(6.5) plaque-forming units/mosquito) between 7 and 11 days after taking an infectious blood meal, and that virus became detectable in the legs (an indicator of disseminated infection) as early as 3 days after taking an infectious blood meal. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Sardelis, MR (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Trop Publ Health, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 13 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA RUTGERS UNIV, J B SMITH HALL, 176 JONES AVE, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08901-9998 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 2 BP 137 EP 141 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 455EZ UT WOS:000170015700009 PM 11480822 ER PT J AU Drown, DC Harper, K Frame, E AF Drown, DC Harper, K Frame, E TI Screening vegetable oil alcohol esters as fuel lubricity enhancers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE biodiesel fuel; engine wear; fatty acid; lubricity; monoalkyl esters; vegetable oil AB Methyl and ethyl monoalkyl esters of various vegetable oils were produced for determining the effects of type of alcohol and fatty acid profile of the vegetable oil on the lubricity of the ester. Four methyl esters and six ethyl esters were analyzed for wear properties using the American Society for Testing and Materials method D 6079, Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig. Ethyl esters showed noticeable improvement compared to methyl esters in the wear properties of each ester tested. No correlation was found between lubricity improvement and fatty acid profile of the ester, except that esters of castor oil had improved lubricity over other oils with Similar carbon chain-length (C-18) fatty acids. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Chem Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Fuels & Lubricants Res Facil, SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RP Drown, DC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. NR 12 TC 64 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 579 EP 584 DI 10.1007/s11746-001-0307-y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 446KU UT WOS:000169513100004 ER PT J AU Saffarian, HM Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S AF Saffarian, HM Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S TI Acceleration of oxygen reduction rate by alkyl derivatives of uracil on Pt catalysts used in fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; CONDENSED THYMINE FILMS; MERCURY WATER INTERFACE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BIOFUEL CELL; ADSORPTION; KINETICS; GOLD; ADLAYERS; SURFACES AB Alkyl derivatives of uracil, namely, 5,6-dimethyluracil, 5-ethyluracil, and 5-methyluracil accelerate the rate of electrochemical reduction of oxygen on Pt catalysts in aqueous 0.5 M sulfuric acid. Two other uracil derivatives, namely, 1,3-dimethyluracil and 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine, and uracil itself, also increase the rate of the oxygen reduction reaction, but to a much lesser degree. The organic molecules were adsorbed on the electrode surface from dilute solutions of 0.5 mM in the electrolytes. The organic adsorbates shift the open-circuit potential of the Pt electrode to more positive values and generate higher oxygen reduction currents at lower overpotentials. Replacement of the adsorbed anions from the surface by the organic molecules facilitates oxygen reduction. Partial electron transfer between the electrode and some of the adsorbed molecules also plays a role in their catalytic behavior. The degree of enhancement by the organic adsorbates reported here for the rough Pt electrode is somewhat different from that found on a smooth, polycrystalline electrode. These differences are explained based on the effect of surface roughness and the time-dependent variation of the diffusion layer thickness caused by the diffusion of oxygen to the electrode surface. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Saffarian, HM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 148 IS 6 BP A559 EP A564 DI 10.1149/1.1369363 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 439RU UT WOS:000169131500012 ER PT J AU Patrick, R Tanner, S Neale, M AF Patrick, R Tanner, S Neale, M TI Evaluating the ability of materiel to meet extended life requirements - Overview of a NATO methodology SO JOURNAL OF THE IEST LA English DT Article DE life extension; life cycle environmental profile; STANAG 4570; STANAG 4370; MIL-STD-810F; physics of failure; fatigue; reliability; modeling; simulation AB A methodology is proposed to address the requirement for extension of the service life of commercial or military equipment beyond the duration defined in the original equipment design, or Life Cycle Environmental Profile (LCEP) definition. The life extension evaluation process is based on the recently published NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG),STANAG4570 Edition 1, "Evaluating The Ability of Material To Meet Extended Life Requirements."Equipment systems are often too complex to easily determine the success of a life extension program. The methodology provides a structured and economical procedure to promote conformity and documentation of life extension requirements. Evaluation of the original and proposed LCEP, Current equipment service environment, and potential failure modes focus the evaluation on critical aspects. The application of environmental testing and analytical methods then provides a reliable procedure for evaluation of the life extension program. C1 USA, Yuma Proving Ground, Yuma, AR USA. China Lake Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Patrick, R (reprint author), USA, Yuma Proving Ground, Yuma, AR USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENVIRONMENTAL SCI TECHNOLOGY PI MT PROSPECT PA 940 E NORTHWEST HIGHWAY, MT PROSPECT, IL 60056 USA SN 1098-4321 J9 J IEST JI J. IEST PD SUM PY 2001 VL 44 IS 3 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 472XC UT WOS:000171009400002 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Justh, EW Beresnev, LA AF Vorontsov, MA Justh, EW Beresnev, LA TI Adaptive optics with advanced phase-contrast techniques. I. High-resolution wave-front sensing SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID DISTORTION COMPENSATION; LIGHT; RETRIEVAL; SYSTEMS AB High-resolution phase-contrast wave-front sensors based on phase spatial light modulators and micromirror/ liquid-crystal arrays are introduced. Wave-front sensor performance is analyzed for atmospheric-turbulence-induced phase distortions described by the Kolmogorov and the Andrews models. A high-resolution phase-contrast wave-front sensor (nonlinear Zernike filter) based on an optically controlled liquid-crystal phase spatial light modulator is experimentally demonstrated. The results demonstrate high-resolution visualization of dynamically changing phase distortions within the sensor time response of similar to 10 ms. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI C, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 38 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.001289 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 436MD UT WOS:000168938900011 PM 11393622 ER PT J AU Justh, EW Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Beresnev, LA Krishnaprasad, PS AF Justh, EW Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Beresnev, LA Krishnaprasad, PS TI Adaptive optics with advanced phase-contrast techniques. II. High-resolution wave-front control SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID DISTORTION CORRECTION; OPTIMIZATION AB A wave-front control paradigm based on gradient-flow optimization is analyzed. In adaptive systems with gradient-flow dynamics, the output of the wave-front sensor is used to directly control high-resolution wavefront correctors without the need for wave-front phase reconstruction (direct-control systems). Here, adaptive direct-control systems with advanced phase-contrast wave-front sensors are analyzed theoretically, through numerical simulations; and experimentally. Adaptive system performance is studied for atmospheric-turbulence-induced phase distortions in the presence of input field intensity scintillations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for high-resolution adaptive optics. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Justh, EW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI C, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1300 EP 1311 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.001300 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 436MD UT WOS:000168938900012 PM 11393623 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW AF Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW TI Anisoplanatic imaging through turbulent media: image, recovery by local information fusion from a set of short-exposure images SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; RESOLUTION; TELESCOPES; SPECKLE; OBJECTS; BLUR AB A wide-field-of-view white-light imaging experiment with artificially generated turbulence layers located between the extended object and the imaging system is described. Relocation of the turbulence sources along the imaging path allowed the creation of controllable anisoplanatic effects. We demonstrate that the recently proposed synthetic imaging technique [J. Opt. Sec. Am. A 16, 1623 (1999)] may result in substantial improvement in image quality for highly anisoplanatic conditions. It is shown that for multisource objects located at different distances the processing of turbulence-degraded short-exposure images may lead to a synthetic image that has an image quality superior to that of the undistorted image obtained in the absence of turbulence (turbulence-induced image quality enhancement). (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI C, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI C, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 26 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1312 EP 1324 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.001312 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 436MD UT WOS:000168938900013 PM 11393624 ER PT J AU DeJong, ES DeBerardino, TM Brooks, DE Nelson, BJ Campbell, AA Bottoni, CR Pusateri, AE Walton, RS Guymon, CH McManus, AT AF DeJong, ES DeBerardino, TM Brooks, DE Nelson, BJ Campbell, AA Bottoni, CR Pusateri, AE Walton, RS Guymon, CH McManus, AT TI Antimicrobial efficacy of external fixator pins coated with a lipid stabilized hydroxyapatite/chlorhexidine complex to prevent pin tract infection in a goat model SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY OCT 11-15, 2000 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE external fixation; pin infection; hydroxyapatite; chlorhexidine ID UNCOATED PINS; ANTIBIOTICS; CHLORHEXIDINE AB Background: Pin tract infection is a common complication of external fixation, An antiinfective external fixator pin might help to reduce the incidence of pin tract infection and improve pin fixation, Methods: stainless steel and titanium external fixator pins, with and without a lipid stabilized hydroxgiapatite/chlorhexidine coating, were evaluated in a goat model. Two pins contaminated with an identifiable Staphylococcus aureus strain were inserted into each tibia of 12 goats. The pin sites were examined daily. On day 14, the animals were killed, and the pin tips cultured. Insertion and extraction torques were measured. Results: Infection developed in 100% of uncoated pins, whereas coated pins demonstrated 4.2% infected, 12.5% colonized, and the remainder, 83.3%, had no growth (p < 0.01). Pin coating decreased the percent loss of fixation torque Over uncoated pins (p = 0.04), Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the lipid stabilized hydroxyapatite/chlorhexidine coating was successful in decreasing infection and improving fixation of external fixator pins. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Extrem Trauma Study Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Microbiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, USA Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP DeJong, ES (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 27 TC 52 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2001 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1008 EP 1013 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 442HD UT WOS:000169278400009 PM 11426113 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Chen, RCM Vaughn, DW Kanesa-thasan, N AF Houng, HSH Chen, RCM Vaughn, DW Kanesa-thasan, N TI Development of a fluorogenic RT-PCR system for quantitative identification of dengue virus serotypes 1-4 using conserved and serotype-specific 3 ' noncoding sequences SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE dengue virus; fluorogenic RT-PCR; 3 '-noncoding sequence; denge hemorrhagic fever; serotype-specific ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; FLAVIVIRUSES; DISEASE; AMPLIFICATION; PRIMERS; VIREMIA; HYBRIDIZATION; PATHOGENESIS; SENSITIVITY AB A fluorogenic reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system was developed for use as a rapid diagnostic lest for determining dengue viremia. The dengue virus 3 ' -noncoding sequence was utilized to formulate serotype-specific RT-PCR assays for quantitative identification of the four different dengue virus serotypes. A generic RT primer set containing two dengue specific anti-sense primers (DV-LI and DV-L2) could be used to transcribe extracted viral RNA of all four dengue virus types to complimentary DNA (cDNA). The resultant dengue viral cDNA could be quantitatively identified at the serotype level by the 5 ' -3 ' exonuclease assay using four serotype-specific sense primers. The fluorogenic dengue type-specific RT-PCR can detect each of the four dengue types at similar low detection limits, i.e. 20-50 plaque forming units per milliliter of serum. Two panels with four dengue reference serotypes and 134 clinical samples were used to validate detection sensitivity and specificity of the dengue serotype RT-PCR assay, using virus isolation in cell culture as the criterion standard. By analyzing sera samples from Puerto Rico that were collected from 1999 through 2000, the assay demonstrated high level detection sensitivity and specificity of 92.8 and 92.4%. respectively, for all four dengue virus serotypes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 35 TC 92 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUN PY 2001 VL 95 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00280-4 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 443LD UT WOS:000169341900003 PM 11377710 ER PT J AU Barnet, SW Lu, S Srivastava, I Cherpelis, S Gettie, A Blanchard, J Wang, S Mboudjeka, I Leung, L Lian, Y Fong, A Buckner, C Ly, A Hilt, S Ulmer, J Wild, CT Mascola, JR Stamatatos, L AF Barnet, SW Lu, S Srivastava, I Cherpelis, S Gettie, A Blanchard, J Wang, S Mboudjeka, I Leung, L Lian, Y Fong, A Buckner, C Ly, A Hilt, S Ulmer, J Wild, CT Mascola, JR Stamatatos, L TI The ability of an oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope antigen to elicit neutralizing antibodies against primary HIV-1 isolates is improved following partial deletion of the second hypervariable region SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLUBLE RECEPTOR-BINDING; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GP120 MOLECULES; T-CELL; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; RESISTANT; EXPOSURE; LOOPS; GENE AB Partial deletion of the second hypervariable region from the envelope of the primary-like SF162 virus increases the exposure of certain neutralization epitopes and renders the virus, SF162 Delta V2, highly susceptible to neutralization by clade B and non-clade B human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-positive) sera (L, Stamatatos and C, Cheng-Mayer, J, Virol, 78:7840-7845, 1998), This observation led us to propose that the modified, SF162 Delta V2-derived envelope may elicit higher titers of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies than the unmodified SF162-derived envelope. To test this hypothesis, we immunized rabbits and rhesus macaques with the gp140 form of these two envelopes, In rabbits, both immunogens elicited similar titers of binding antibodies but the modified immunogen was more effective in eliciting neutralizing antibodies, not only against the SF162 Delta V2 and SF162 viruses but also against several heterologous primary HIV type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. In rhesus macaques both immunogens elicited potent binding antibodies, but again the modified immunogen was more effective in eliciting the generation of neutralizing antibodies against the SF162 Delta V2 and SF162 viruses, Antibodies capable of neutralizing several, but not all, heterologous primary HIV-1 isolates tested were elicited only in macaques immunized with the modified immunogen, The efficiency of neutralization of these heterologous isolates was lower than that recorded against the SF162 isolate, Our results strongly suggest that although soluble oligomeric envelope subunit vaccines may elicit neutralizing antibody responses against heterologous primary HIV-1 isolates, these responses will not be broad and potent unless specific modifications are introduced to increase the exposure of conserved neutralization epitopes. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. Tulane Reg Primate Res Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. Panacos Pharmaceut, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. RP Stamatatos, L (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 455 1st Ave,7th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI44309, AI44309-01, AI47708-01, AI40337, R01 AI047708, R56 AI047708] NR 43 TC 176 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 75 IS 12 BP 5526 EP 5540 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.12.5526-5540.2001 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 435JF UT WOS:000168877800011 PM 11356960 ER PT J AU Criswell, MA Sinha, CK AF Criswell, MA Sinha, CK TI Hyperthermic, supersaturated humidification in the treatment of xerostomia SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE xerostomia; hyperthermia; humidification; radiation therapy; complications; head and neck cancer ID PERENNIAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS; INHALING HEATED VAPOR; ORAL PILOCARPINE; COMMON COLD; POSTIRRADIATION XEROSTOMIA; NASAL SYMPTOMS; PATENCY; HEAD; AIR AB Objectives: To investigate the role of hyperthermic, supersaturated humidification in the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia. Study Design: A randomized, controlled, crossover pilot study of patients with symptomatic xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Patients compared a standard bedside humidifier with a new device delivering hyperthermic, supersaturated humidification through a nasal cannula. Methods: The patients were randomized to a 2-Week course of standard, cool air bedside humidification or to hyperthermic, supersaturated humidification through a nasal cannula (Vapotherm Inc., Annapolis, MD). After a 1-week washout period, patients were crossed over to the opposite device for another 2 weeks. The patients underwent physical examination initially and after each trial period using an objective xerostomia scale, and then completed a questionnaire quantifying their symptoms. Patients additionally rated their symptoms at home, twice daily, using a visual analogue scale, Results: Using the Oral Assessment Guide, Lip scores went from 1.67 initially to 1.67 after control and 1.67 after Vapotherm. Tongue scores were 1.67, 1.5, and 1.83, respectively. Saliva scores were 1.67, 1.5, and 1.5, respectively. Mucous membranes scores were 1.5, 1.67, and 1.5, respectively. The physical examination scores at these four sites were not significantly different between control and Vapotherm (P = .78, 78, .72, and .37, respectively), The patient symptom questionnaire and visual analogue scores also revealed no significant difference between the two devices. Conclusion: The Vapotherm MT-3000 device appears to provide minimal or no additional relief from radiation xerostomia over standard bedside humidifiers. Further investigation may be warranted with newer models of the device and with disorders of mucociliary clearance. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Otolaryngol, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Criswell, MA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Otolaryngol, Dept Surg, Bldg 2,6825 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 2001 VL 111 IS 6 BP 992 EP 996 DI 10.1097/00005537-200106000-00012 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 439GR UT WOS:000169102900011 PM 11404610 ER PT J AU Thomas, JL Dickson, MW Bliese, PD AF Thomas, JL Dickson, MW Bliese, PD TI Values predicting leader performance in the US Army Reserve Officer Training Corps Assessment Center: evidence for a personality-mediated model SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID JOB-PERFORMANCE; INTELLIGENCE; DIMENSIONS; INTERESTS; SUCCESS; RATINGS AB The notion that leaders' values and motives influence their effectiveness is an old one. Little is known, however, about the role of values and motives on the ratings of leadership in assessment center settings. The present study examined the interrelationships between motives and values, personality, and rated leadership performance in a military assessment center designed for Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. We examined power and affiliation, two value orientations found to predict leadership effectiveness as measured by managerial/leader performance in McClelland and Burnham's leader motive pattern (LMP). We expand on past research using the LMP by studying its utility in an assessment center setting and by positing that the personality factor of extraversion acts a mediator of the values-leadership linkage. Analyses revealed that extraversion completely mediated the relationship between affiliation and cadet leadership assessment, and extraversion partially mediated the relationship between power and cadet leadership assessment. Our results are discussed along with implications of the present study and directions for future research. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Thomas, JL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Europe, COR, CMR 442, APO, AE USA. NR 38 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1048-9843 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 12 IS 2 BP 181 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S1048-9843(01)00071-6 PG 16 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 451TT UT WOS:000169817900004 ER PT J AU Dickson, MW Smith, DB Grojean, MW Ehrhart, M AF Dickson, MW Smith, DB Grojean, MW Ehrhart, M TI An organizational climate regarding ethics: the outcome of leader values and the practices that reflect them SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID UNETHICAL DECISION BEHAVIOR; CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR; BUSINESS ETHICS; WORK CLIMATE; PERFORMANCE; PERSONALITY; CULTURE; DETERMINANTS; PERCEPTIONS; COHESION AB In this article, we argue that the organizational climate regarding ethics - the shared perception of what is ethically correct behavior and how ethical issues should be handled within an organization is an outgrowth of the personal values and motives of organizational founders and other early organizational leaders. We begin by arguing that one common label for the climate regarding ethics construct - "ethical climate" - is inappropriate. We also argue that climate regarding ethics has an impact on organizational outcomes, including organizational outcomes that do not have explicit ethical components. We propose that this impact largely occurs through the mediating mechanisms of organizational cohesion and morale. We conclude by discussing the variety of antecedents and outcomes related to climate regarding ethics. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Ind & Labor Relat, Dept Org Behav, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Dickson, MW (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychol, 71 W Warren St, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 96 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1048-9843 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 12 IS 2 BP 197 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S1048-9843(01)00069-8 PG 21 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 451TT UT WOS:000169817900005 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Byrd, JC AF Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Byrd, JC TI Gemcitabine demonstrates in vitro activity against human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia SO LEUKEMIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukemia; apoptosis; gemcitabine ID PHASE-I AB B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia diagnosed in the Western Hemisphere and remains incurable with currently available therapy. In an attempt to identify new potential therapy for CLL, we explored the pre-clinical activity of gemcitabine in human B-CLL cells (n=11). Mononuclear cell isolates were exposed to varying concentrations of gemcitabine (0.01-100 muM) for 4, 24, and 96 h. Viability, as determined by the tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay, after a 4 h incubation with gemcitabine declined in 6 of 8 (75%) evaluable patients at a concentration < 30 M (a physiologically attainable level), and 3 of 8 of the B-CLL cells had an LC50 (concentration where 50% loss of viability is observed) < 30 (M). At 4 days of drug exposure, 82% (9/11) of patients had an LC50 < 30 M. Annexin-V/propidium iodine staining demonstrated apoptosis in CLL cells exposed to 30 muM of gemcitabine. Examination of changes in apoptosis related proteins demonstrated no significant change in bcl-2, bax or p53 protein expression with gemcitabine (23 muM) at 4, 24, or 48 h. These data demonstrate that gemcitabine has pre-clinical activity in B-CLL and supports its exploration as a single agent and in combination with other active agents in this disease. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Houston, TX USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2126 J9 LEUKEMIA RES JI Leuk. Res. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 25 IS 6 BP 435 EP 440 DI 10.1016/S0145-2126(00)00106-5 PG 6 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 461EU UT WOS:000170352600001 PM 11337014 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI To the edge: A man, death valley, and the mystery of endurance. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 10 BP 172 EP 172 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 440AF UT WOS:000169150200114 ER PT J AU Harik, VM AF Harik, VM TI Optimization of structural designs for a safe failure pattern: layered material systems SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE composite materials; laminated structures; failure analysis; fail-safe design; layout design ID COMPOSITE AB The optimization of structural designs for a safe failure of laminated material systems was analyzed along with built-in damage indicators. This design methodology is based on the concept of a characteristic failure signature (CFS) and three-dimensional laminate analysis of layered composite materials. The analytical model used is able to predict the CFS of a non-linear stress/strain response, accumulation of damage and failure behavior. The analysis of CFSs was based on an incremental formulation of a three-dimensional laminated media analysis coupled with a progressive ply failure methodology. CFSs are shown to have unique safety features which depend on the ply stacking sequence and predominant loading conditions for a particular industrial application. Various examples of tailoring a safe CFS for anisotropic laminated structures are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,CLWSB,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, ARL Grp, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-3069 J9 MATER DESIGN JI Mater. Des. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S0261-3069(00)00085-6 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 400UK UT WOS:000166889900008 ER PT J AU Kerwien, SC AF Kerwien, SC TI Delayed fracture of armament projectile bodies SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB Several large-caliber projectiles, made with 300M steel; experienced delayed fracture following test firing and soft recovery. Visual examination of the fracture surface showed that the bodies failed at the taper, located on the inner diameter, which is used to arrest the travel of the soft recovery parachute module. The fracture origin was found to be intergranular in nature, ostensibly from hydrogen embrittlement (HE). High-tensile and hoop stresses at the taper made the projectile bodies highly susceptible to failure by HE. C1 USA, TACOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Kerwien, SC (reprint author), USA, TACOM ARDEC, Bldg 355, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 48 EP 51 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 565DB UT WOS:000176352400024 ER PT J AU Harre, JG Dorsey, KM Armstrong, KL Burge, JR Kinnamon, KE AF Harre, JG Dorsey, KM Armstrong, KL Burge, JR Kinnamon, KE TI Comparative fecundity and survival rates of Phlebotomus papatasi sandflies membrane fed on blood from eight mammal species SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phlebotomus papatasi; blood-feeding; chicken membrane; fecundity; haematophagy; hosts; human blood; in vitro feeding; mammal blood; mass rearing; membrane feeding; sandflies; survival rates; viability ID FEEDING SYSTEM; SAND FLIES; DIPTERA; PSYCHODIDAE; LEISHMANIA AB Female sandflies, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) (Diptera: Psychodidae), were fed via chicken membrane on heparinized blood from eight species of mammal (human, horse, cow, pig, dog, rabbit, guinea-pig, hamster) and their reproductive success rates were compared. No appreciable differences between those fed on human and animal blood were detected with respect to the proportion of flies that fed successfully, mortality-rate within 24h, number of eggs laid per blood-fed female or egg viability. When mass-rearing sandflies for research purposes, membrane-feeding avoids practical difficulties encountered if sandflies are allowed to feed on live hosts (i.e. anaesthesia, distress from handling and postfeeding inflammation) and reduction of sandfly fecundity due to host antibody interference. Use of animal blood also eliminates risks of accidental transmission of human blood-borne pathogens, e.g. hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and is less expensive than maintenance of animals and their preparation for sandfly feeding. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Harre, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Dept Entomol, Bldg 511 Forest Glen Annex, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00278.x PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 446DG UT WOS:000169497200010 PM 11434553 ER PT J AU Ryan, JR Dave, K Emmerich, E Garcia, L Yi, L Coleman, RE Sattabongkot, J Dunton, RF Chan, AST Wirtz, RA AF Ryan, JR Dave, K Emmerich, E Garcia, L Yi, L Coleman, RE Sattabongkot, J Dunton, RF Chan, AST Wirtz, RA TI Dipsticks for rapid detection of Plasmodium in vectoring Anopheles mosquitoes SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Plasmodium falciparum; P. vivax variants 210 and 247; circumsporozoite protein; dipstick assay; malaria sporozoite; malaria vectors; rapid detection; wicking assay ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; INFECTED MOSQUITOS; VIVAX SPOROZOITES; FALCIPARUM; IDENTIFICATION; MALARIA; ELISA AB Malaria remains the most serious vector-borne disease, affecting some 300-500 million people annually, transmitted by many species of Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Monoclonal antibodies developed against specific circumsporozoite (CS) proteins of the main malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax have been used previously for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), widely employed for detection of malaria sporozoites in vector Anopheles for local risk assessment, epidemiological studies and targeting vector control. However, ELISA procedures are relatively slow and impractical for field use. To circumvent this, we developed rapid wicking assays that identify the presence or absence of specific peptide epitopes of CS protein of the most important P. falciparum and two strains (variants 210 and 247) of the more widespread P. vivax. The resulting assay is a rapid, one-step procedure using a 'dipstick' wicking test strip. In laboratory assessment, dipsticks identified 1 ng/mL of any of these three CS protein antigens, with sensitivity nearly equal to the CS standard ELISA. We have developed and are evaluating a combined panel assay that will be both qualitative and quantitative. This quick and easy dipstick test (VecTest(TM) Malaria) offers practical advantages for field workers needing to make rapid surveys of malaria vectors. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Navix Inc, Camarillo, CA USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ryan, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 225 EP 230 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00296.x PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 446DG UT WOS:000169497200017 PM 11434560 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Sharp, MA Canham-Chervak, M Hauret, K Patton, JF Jones, BH AF Knapik, JJ Sharp, MA Canham-Chervak, M Hauret, K Patton, JF Jones, BH TI Risk factors for training-related injuries among men and women in basic combat training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE exercise; V(over dot)O-2max; body composition; strength; muscle contraction; flexibility; muscular endurance; physical fitness ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; INFANTRY SOLDIERS; YOUNG MEN; EXERCISE; AGE; FLEXIBILITY; STRENGTH; NICOTINE AB Purpose: Past investigations indicate that training-related injuries are associated with certain performance-oriented measures of physical fitness and certain lifestyle characteristics. This study examined associations between injuries, direct (physiological) measures of physical fitness, and lifestyle characteristics. Methods: Subjects were 756 men and 474 women performing the standardized activities involved in U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT). Before BCT, a subsample of subjects (182 men and 168 women) were administered a series of rests that included a treadmill running test (peak (V)over dotO(2)), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (for body composition), several measures of muscle strength, a hamstring flexibility test, and a vertical jump. A questionnaire addressed smoking habits and prior physical activity. All subjects were administered the Army Physical Fitness test consisting of push-ups, sit-ups, and a 3.2-km run. Gender, age, stature, and body mass were obtained from physical examination records. Injuries incurred during BCT were transcribed from medical records; for each medical visit, the diagnosis, anatomical location, disposition (final outcome of visit), and days of limited duty were recorded. Results: Women had over twice the injury rate of men. For men and women, fewer push-ups, slower 3.2-km run times, lower peak (V)over dotO(2) and cigarette smoking were risk factors for time-loss injury. Among the men only, lower levels of physical activity before BCT and both high and low levels of flexibility were also time-loss injury risk factors. Multivariate analysis revealed that lower peak (V)over dotO(2) and cigarette smoking were independent risk factors for time-loss injury. Conclusions: Lower aerobic capacity and cigarette smoking were independently associated with a higher likelihood of injury in both men and women during a standardized program of physical training. Further studies are needed to assess associations between injury and body composition and muscular strength. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 47 TC 199 Z9 202 U1 1 U2 24 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 6 BP 946 EP 954 DI 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00014 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 439UL UT WOS:000169135900014 PM 11404660 ER PT J AU Kraemer, WJ Mazzetti, SA Nindl, BC Gotshalk, LA Volek, JS Bush, JA Marx, JO Dohi, K Gomez, AL Miles, M Fleck, SJ Newton, RU Hakkinen, K AF Kraemer, WJ Mazzetti, SA Nindl, BC Gotshalk, LA Volek, JS Bush, JA Marx, JO Dohi, K Gomez, AL Miles, M Fleck, SJ Newton, RU Hakkinen, K TI Effect of resistance training on women's strength/power and occupational performances SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE women's health; fitness; gender differences; manual materials handling; military ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE ADAPTATIONS; MUSCULAR STRENGTH; MEN; CONSEQUENT; ENDURANCE; FEMALES AB Purpose: The effects of resistance training programs on strength, power, and military occupational task performances in women were examined. Methods: Untrained women aged (mean +/- SD) 23 +/- 4 yr were marched and randomly placed in total- (TP, N = 17 and TH, N = 18) or upper-body resistance training (UP, N = 18 and UH, N = 15), field (FLD, N = 14), or aerobic training groups (AER, N = 11). Two periodized resistance training programs (with supplemental aerobic training) emphasized explosive exercise movements using 3- to 8-RM training loads (TP, UP), whereas the other two emphasized slower exercise movements using 8- to 12-RM loads (TH, UH). The no group performed plyometric and partner exercises. Subjects were tested for body composition, strength, power, endurance, maximal and repetitive box lift, 2-mile loaded run, and U.S. Army Physical Fitness Tests before (T0) and after 3 (T3) and 6 months of training (T6). For comparison, untrained men (N = 100) (MEN) were tested once. Results: Specific training programs resulted in significant increases in body mass (TP), 1-RM squat (TP, TH, FLD), bench press (all except AER), high pull (TP), squat jump (TP, TH, FLD), bench throw (all except AER), squat endurance (all except AER), 1-RM box lift (all except aerobic), repetitive box lift tall), push-ups (all except AER), sit-ups (all except AER), and 2-mile run (all). Conclusions: Strength training improved physical performances of women over 6 months and adaptations in strength, power, and endurance were specific to the subtle differences (e.g., exercise choice and speeds of exercise movement) in the resistance training programs (strength/power vs strength/hypertrophy). Upper- and total-body resistance training resulted in similar improvements in occupational task performances, especially in tasks that involved upper-body musculature. Finally, gender differences in physical performance measures were reduced after resistance training in women, which underscores importance of such training for physically demanding occupations. C1 Ball State Univ, Human Performance Lab, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. Penn State Univ, Ctr Sports Med, Lab Sports Med, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Div Mil Performance, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol Phys Activ, Neuromuscular Res Ctr, SF-40100 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Colorado Coll, Dept Sport Sci, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA. RP Kraemer, WJ (reprint author), Ball State Univ, Human Performance Lab, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. RI Newton, Robert/A-3466-2009 OI Newton, Robert/0000-0003-0302-6129 NR 39 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 7 U2 30 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1011 EP 1025 DI 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00022 PG 15 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 439UL UT WOS:000169135900022 PM 11404668 ER PT J AU Welkos, S Little, S Friedlander, A Fritz, D Fellows, P AF Welkos, S Little, S Friedlander, A Fritz, D Fellows, P TI The role of antibodies to Bacillus anthracis and anthrax toxin components in inhibiting the early stages of infection by anthrax spores SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article DE antitoxin antibody; protective antigen; vaccines; phagocytosis ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; GERMINATION; SUBTILIS; STRAIN AB Vaccines which are efficacious against anthrax, such as the human vaccine, Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed (AVA), contain the protective antigen (PA) component of the anthrax toxins as the major protective immunogen, Although AVA protects against inhalational anthrax, the immune responses to and role in protection of PA and possibly other antigens have yet to be fully elucidated. Sera from animals immunized with a toxin-producing, unencapsulated live vaccine strain of Bacillus anthracis have been reported to have anti-spore activities associated with the antitoxin humoral response. The authors performed studies to determine whether anti-PA antibody (Ab)containing preparations stimulated spore uptake by phagocytes and suppressed the germination of spores in vitro. AVA- and PA-immune sera from several species enhanced the phagocytosis by murine peritoneal macrophages of spores of the virulent Ames and the Sterne vaccine strains. Antitoxin Abs appeared to contribute significantly, although not solely, to the enhanced uptake. Rabbit antisera to PA purified from either Sterne or a PA-producing pX01-cured recombinant, affinity-purified anti-PA IgG, and monkey antisera to AVA were used to assess the role of anti-PA Abs, Rabbit anti-PA Abs promoted the uptake of spores of the PA-producing strains Sterne, Ames and RP42, a mutant of Sterne producing only PA, but not of the pX01-Delta Sterne-1 strain, Delta Ames strain, or RP4, a mutant of Sterne with deletions in the loci encoding PA and the oedema factor (EF) toxin component and producing only the lethal factor toxin component. Rabbit anti-PA and monkey anti-AVA Abs also significantly inhibited spore germination in vitro compared to preimmune serum or medium. Spore-associated proteins recognized by anti-PA Abs were detected by electron microscopy and confirmed by immunoblotting of spore coat extracts. Thus, the anti-PA Ab-specific immunity induced by AVA has antispore activity and might have a role in impeding the early stages of infection with a anthracis spores. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 33 TC 161 Z9 164 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AE, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUN PY 2001 VL 147 BP 1677 EP 1685 PN 6 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 440UZ UT WOS:000169194100031 PM 11390699 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, JE Fogle, AV Dunstone, DE AF Reinhardt, JE Fogle, AV Dunstone, DE TI Automated process cuts filter tuning time from hours to minutes SO MICROWAVES & RF LA English DT Article C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Reinhardt, JE (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENTON MEDIA, INC PI CLEVELAND PA 1100 SUPERIOR AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44114-2543 USA SN 0745-2993 J9 MICROWAVES RF JI Microw. RF PD JUN PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 103 EP 104 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 448ZH UT WOS:000169659500017 ER PT J AU Smawley, GR AF Smawley, GR TI The soldier-lawyer: A summary and analysis of An oral history of Major General Michael J. Nardotti, Jr., United States Army (retired) (1969-1997) SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Smawley, GR (reprint author), USA, Off Judge Advocate Gen, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 1 EP 39 PG 39 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500001 ER PT J AU Bradley, MJ AF Bradley, MJ TI Calling for a truce on the military divorce battlefield: A proposal to amend the USFSPA SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Bradley, MJ (reprint author), Claims Serv Europe, Mannheim, Germany. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 40 EP 160 PG 121 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500002 ER PT J AU Stahlman, MR AF Stahlman, MR TI A verdict worthy of confidence? Petitioning for a new trial before authentication based on mew evidence SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MILITARY-JUSTICE RP Stahlman, MR (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 161 EP 199 PG 39 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500003 ER PT J AU Dymond, F AF Dymond, F TI Choosing war: The lost chance for peace and the escalation of war in Vietnam SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Dymond, F (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 220 EP 226 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500005 ER PT J AU Perez, WG AF Perez, WG TI Flags of our fathers SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 227 EP 234 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500006 ER PT J AU Herring, JW AF Herring, JW TI Guardians of empire: The US army and the Pacific, 1902-1940 SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Herring, JW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 235 EP 240 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500007 ER PT J AU Langham, JM AF Langham, JM TI All the laws but one: Civil liberties in wartime SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Langham, JM (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 168 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 453FH UT WOS:000169905500008 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JL Craig, SC Kohlhase, K Polyak, C Ludwig, SL Rumm, RD AF Sanchez, JL Craig, SC Kohlhase, K Polyak, C Ludwig, SL Rumm, RD TI Health assessment of US military personnel deployed to Bosnia-Herzegovina for Operation Joint Endeavor SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; HANTAVIRUS AB In anticipation of U.S. forces deploying to Bosnia-Herzegovina, plans were established to conduct medical surveillance of all military service members. This surveillance would provide the Department of Defense with an overview of the hospitalization and outpatient morbidity experience of U.S. forces. Standardized collection of medical data from all U.S. camps using 14 diagnostic categories based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, codes began in March 1996. Special assessments for hantavirus and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) infection risk were also conducted. The average disease and nonbattle injury rate for U.S. forces was 7.1 per 100 soldiers per week. Injuries accounted for 28% of medical visits, whereas undefined/other visits accounted for 33%. The majority of remaining visits were for respiratory (14%), dermatologic (10%), and gastrointestinal (6%) complaints. There was one confirmed and one suspected case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; only 0.1% of individuals (2 of 1,913) tested seroconverted to hantavirus during deployment. No cases of TBE were reported, and the overall low seroconversion rate (0.42%, 4 seroconversions among 959 unimmunized personnel) reflected a very low risk of infection with TBE-related viruses. Operation Joint Endeavor and follow-on Operations Joint Guard and Joint Forge have been extremely healthy deployments. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US Coast Guard, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 470 EP 474 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100004 PM 11413721 ER PT J AU Parker, MW Fuller, GF Koenig, HG Vaitkus, MA Bellis, JM Barko, WF Eitzen, J Call, VR AF Parker, MW Fuller, GF Koenig, HG Vaitkus, MA Bellis, JM Barko, WF Eitzen, J Call, VR TI Soldier and family wellness across the life course: A developmental model of successful aging, spirituality, and health promotion. Part I SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OLDER ADULTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PARTICIPATION AB The primary purposes of this article are to (1) highlight current challenges facing health promotion advocates within the military and civilian culture; (2) present the strengths and weaknesses of the current Army approach to health promotion and preventive medicine; and (3) present several unifying themes that contribute to enhanced progress within the field of health promotion. A conceptual model that links common goals across the fields of successful aging, health promotion, spirituality and health, and life course is advocated to maximize efficacious interventions and to transform the current Army approach to health promotion. A companion article will describe an integrative model of health promotion and wellness that responds to the challenges and incorporates the unifying themes described in this article. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. White House Med Unit, Washington, DC 20502 USA. Univ N Carolina, Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC 27710 USA. USA, War Coll, APFRI, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Sociol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Parker, MW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Little Hall,Box 870314, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RI Koenig, Harold/F-7379-2011 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 485 EP 489 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100007 PM 11413724 ER PT J AU Rollefson, WA Rubal, BJ Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Boyd, SYN Zimring, HJ AF Rollefson, WA Rubal, BJ Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Boyd, SYN Zimring, HJ TI Assessing myocardial viability using the coronary flow response to intravenous dobutamine infusion in recent myocardial infarction SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIABLE MYOCARDIUM; TIME-COURSE; BLOOD-FLOW; REVERSIBLE DYSFUNCTION; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; REPERFUSION; ISCHEMIA; RESERVE AB Coronary flow response to low-dose (5 and 10 mug/kg/min) dobutamine infusion was used to assess myocardial viability at the time of cardiac catheterization in 13 patients (age, 60 +/- 11 years) with recent myocardial infarction. Echocardiographic improvement in regional wall motion performed 4 to 6 weeks after discharge was used as the marker for viability. Viable patients demonstrated a 2-fold increase in flow from baseline (p < 0.001) during intravenous infusion. In contrast, patients without viability demonstrated no increase in flow. The coronary flow response to dobutamine measured at the time of catheterization shows promise in identifying viable myocardium in postinfarction patients. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Rollefson, WA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 494 EP 499 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100009 PM 11413726 ER PT J AU Roman-Gonzalez, J Shapiro, ML Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Muse, RJ AF Roman-Gonzalez, J Shapiro, ML Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Muse, RJ TI Five-year experience with implantation and follow-up of transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators: Placing postimplant defibrillation threshold testing in perspective SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: The rapid technological advancement in transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) has resulted in heterogeneous and often controversial approaches to follow-up procedures. The efficacy of postimplantation defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing with new-generation biphasic ICDs is unknown. Objective: In this retrospective study, predischarge and postdischarge DFT protocols were compared to evaluate their safety and effect on adverse clinical events. Methods: The study population consisted of 89 patients with 92 ICDs and 103 endovascular lead systems. Forty-four patients had DFT tests during implant and the predischarge period. Thirty patients had DFT tests during implant and the postdischarge period. Sixteen patients had only implant DFT data available. The follow-up period ranged from 3 days to 5.6 years. Results: Ninety-nine percent of patients had successful implants. Postimplant DFT tests detected potential problems in only 1% of asymptomatic patients. Thirty-six percent of patients with normal predischarge DFT tests had adverse clinical events compared with 18% in the postdischarge group. Patients with postimplant DFTs > 25 joules (J) and safety margins 10 J had a lower incidence of adverse clinical events (p = 0.03) compared with those with safety margins < 10 J. An 11% malfunction rate was observed in ICD leads during the follow-up period. Conclusions: DFT testing after implant is safe; however, routine postimplant DFT testing has limited value in assessing abnormalities in patients with the current generation of biphasic transvenous ICD devices. A 10-J safety margin was associated with a lower incidence of adverse clinical events in patients with DFTs > 25 J. Endovascular lead failure remains a significant problem with ICD systems requiring vigilant follow-up. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Roman-Gonzalez, J (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 500 EP 504 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100010 PM 11413727 ER PT J AU Chisick, MC AF Chisick, MC TI Predicting dental treatment workload of US military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE-DUTY; SERVICE MEMBERS; RECRUITS; CARE; NEED; SATISFACTION; PREVALENCE; PERMANENT; SEALANTS; TRENDS AB As the demographic composition of the U.S. armed forces shifts, so does dental treatment workload (DTW). To date, the effects of such shifts on DTW have been speculative. This study seeks to build regression models to predict the DTW of recruit and active duty military personnel as service demographic factors shift. The data come from a 1994-1995 random sample of 13,050 active duty and 2,711 recruit personnel. Dental treatment needs were charted for all participants. Patient demographic variables-age, sex, race, education, branch of service, and annual dental utilization (for all); home region and marital status (recruits only); and rank (active duty only)were noted. Treatment needs were converted to composite time values. Respondent demographic factors were regressed on composite time values to determine which factors influence DTW using backward, stepwise, linear regression. Results show that DTW varies across demographic categories. The magnitude and direction of change in DTW as service demographic variables shift can be predicted with linear regression models. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Hlth Promot & Wellness, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 541 EP 543 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100017 PM 11413734 ER PT J AU Hadfield, TL Turell, M Dempsey, MP David, J Park, EJ AF Hadfield, TL Turell, M Dempsey, MP David, J Park, EJ TI Detection of West Nile virus in mosquitoes by RT-PCR SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; flavivirus; RT-PCR; mosquito AB A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay employing 'TaqMan' detection technology was developed to identify West Nile virus in experimentally infected mosquitoes. The specificity of the assay was evaluated with the following viruses: eastern equine encephalitis, Ilheus, West Nile and yellow fever viruses. The limits of detection were determined using West Nile viral RNA extracted from serial dilutions of virus culture in infected mosquitoes. Limit of detection was 5 PFU from extracted mosquitoes. We were able to detect the presence of one infected mosquito in a pool of 50 repeatedly. When the RT-PCR was used with coded samples of intrathoracically-infected and uninfected mosquitoes, the assay detected the virus in all infected mosquitoes. Analytic sensitivity and specificity were 100%. This assay offers an efficient and rapid method of identifying West Nile virus in infected mosquitoes or cell culture. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Microbiol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Entomol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hadfield, TL (reprint author), 6825 16th St,NW Bldg 54,Room 4113, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 9 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1006/mcpr.2001.0353 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 445LD UT WOS:000169458200003 PM 11352595 ER PT J AU Zeng, XM Winter, DB Kasmer, C Kraemer, KH Lehmann, AR Gearhart, PJ AF Zeng, XM Winter, DB Kasmer, C Kraemer, KH Lehmann, AR Gearhart, PJ TI DNA polymerase eta is an A-T mutator in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM VARIANT; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; MISMATCH REPAIR PROTEIN; THYMINE-THYMINE DIMER; B-CELL LINE; TRANSLESION SYNTHESIS; MICE DEFICIENT; BYPASS; IOTA; RECOMBINATION AB To determine whether DNA polymerase eta plays a role in the hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes, we examined the frequency and pattern of substitutions in variable V(H)6 genes from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of three patients with xeroderma pigmentosum variant disease, whose polymerase eta had genetic defects. The frequency of mutation was normal but the types of base changes were different: there was a decrease in mutations at A and T and a concomitant rise in mutations at G and C. We propose that more than one polymerase contributes to hypermutation and that if one is absent, others compensate. The data indicate that polymerase eta is involved in generating errors that occur predominantly at A and T and that another polymerase(s) may generating errors that occur predominantly at A preferentially generate errors opposite G and C. C1 NIA, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NCI, Basic Res Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Sussex, MRC, Cell Mutat Unit, Brighton, E Sussex, England. RP Gearhart, PJ (reprint author), NIA, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC004517-31] NR 49 TC 303 Z9 307 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1529-2908 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 2 IS 6 BP 537 EP 541 DI 10.1038/88740 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 438WV UT WOS:000169078000017 PM 11376341 ER PT J AU Kelley, TD Patton, D Allender, L AF Kelley, TD Patton, D Allender, L TI Error rates in a multiple-choice spatial manipulation test SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL ROTATION; STIMULUS COMPLEXITY; RECOGNITION; DIMENSIONALITY; IMAGE; TASK AB Error rates in a multiple-choice spatial manipulation test were analyzed post hoc on a number of different test item variables with the intention of building a computational cognitive model that simulates error rates on a spatial manipulation test. 12 men (Army soldiers), ranging in age from 19 to 38 years, with an average age of 29 yr., participated. The variables included degree of rotation, connectivity, number of blocks in each polygon, types of distractors used, and compactness. Significant effects of connectivity, number of blocks in each polygon, type of distractor, and compactness on error rates were found, with mirror-image distractors being selected more often than nonmirror-image distractors. The amount of rotation of each image was not an influential factor in overall error rate; however, there were indications from verbal protocols that participants were using nonrotational strategies to solve the problems. Our findings suggest that complexity, i.e., connectivity, number of blocks in each polygon, and compactness, may affect error rates for nonrotational manipulation of visual images. Findings also suggest that participants may have difficulty evaluating "handedness" of images while using nonrotational manipulations. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, HR,MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kelley, TD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, HR,MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD JUN PY 2001 VL 92 IS 3 BP 985 EP 992 DI 10.2466/PMS.92.4.985-992 PN 2 PG 8 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 469GW UT WOS:000170807000006 PM 11565942 ER PT J AU Godar, DE Wengraitis, SP Shreffler, J Sliney, DH AF Godar, DE Wengraitis, SP Shreffler, J Sliney, DH TI UV doses of Americans SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; ACTION SPECTRUM; SKIN-CANCER; HAIRLESS MICE; B TREATMENT; EXPOSURE; PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS; DOSIMETER AB The UV doses of Americans were never measured, but are needed for assessing the risks of UV-related health effects. We calculated these doses using a novel approach, The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS) recorded the activity profiles of 9386 Americans over 24 months to assess their exposure to environmental pollutants, one of which is UV radiation. NHAPS used randomized telephone interviews to get their previous day's minute-by-minute activities. From NHAPS we extracted only the outdoor-daylight data of the northern and southern indoor workers (95%), stratifying by season, sex and age (0-21, 22-40, 41-59 and 60+ years) to find the average time Americans spend outdoors. Knowing the total daylight time and that while outdoors Americans are exposed to about 30% of the available solar UV (on a horizontal plane), we calculated their percent ambients, The average American's percent ambients are 2.6 and 2.5% for northern and southern females, respectively, and 3.5 and 3.6% for northern and southern males, respectively. Men over 40 years of age have the highest ambients (4%). From their ambients we calculated their annual doses using seasonal averages of UV measurements taken daily for over 2 years by EPA Brewer spectrophotometers located in four quadrants of the United States: Atlanta, GA; Boston, MA; Bozeman, MT and Riverside, CA. The average erythemal UV doses of Americans are about 25 000 J/m(2)/year, 22 000 for females and 28 000 for males, or 33 000 J/m(2)/year including a conservative continental U.S. vacation (7800 J/m(2)). Thus, we can now assess the risks of UV-related health effects for Americans. C1 US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Godar, DE (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, 12709 Twinbrook Pkwy, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 44 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 73 IS 6 BP 621 EP 629 DI 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)073<0621:UDOA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 441TY UT WOS:000169246700007 PM 11421067 ER PT J AU Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Luryi, S Belenky, G AF Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Luryi, S Belenky, G TI Interband tunneling depopulation in type-II InAs/GaSb cascade laser heterostructure SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article DE type-II semiconductor heterostructures; interband tunneling; cascade laser ID QUANTUM-WELLS; MU-M; POPULATION AB An exact analytical representation has been obtained for electron eigenstates in the full isotropic 8-band Kane model and applied to calculate the depopulation rate of the lower lasing state in the active region of a type-II intersubband cascade laser. We show that interband tunneling rate takes its maximum value when the depopulated states belong to the upper of the coupled electron- and hole-like subbands in the "leaky window" of the broken-gap InAs/GaSb heterostructure. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kisin, MV (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD JUN PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 576 EP 586 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(01)00151-5 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 437ZC UT WOS:000169028400011 ER PT J AU West, GR Lillycrop, WJ Pope, B AF West, GR Lillycrop, WJ Pope, B TI Utilizing airborne lidar bathymetry technology for REA SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corp Engineers, Washington, DC USA. USN, Oceanog Off, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 42 IS 6 BP 10 EP + PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 445ZG UT WOS:000169488000002 ER PT J AU Peacock, AD Mullen, MD Ringelberg, DB Tyler, DD Hedrick, DB Gale, PM White, DC AF Peacock, AD Mullen, MD Ringelberg, DB Tyler, DD Hedrick, DB Gale, PM White, DC TI Soil microbial community responses to dairy manure or ammonium nitrate applications SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE microbial biomass; community structure; manure; fatty acids; PLFA ID FATTY-ACID PROFILES; ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOMASS; CARBON; SEDIMENTS; POPULATIONS; SUBSTRATE; LIPIDS; CORN; SIZE AB Soil management practices that result in increased soil C also impact soil microbial biomass and community structure. In this study, the effects of dairy manure applications and inorganic N fertilizer on microbial biomass and microbial community composition were determined. Treatments examined were a control with no nutrient additions (CT), ammonium nitrate at 218 kg N ha(-1) (AN), and manure N rates of 252 kg manure-N ha(-1) (LM) and 504 kg manure-N ha(-1) (HM). All plots were no-till cropped to silage corn (Zea mays, L. Merr) followed by a Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum, L.)/annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.) winter cover crop. Treatments were applied yearly, with two-thirds of the N applied in late April or early May, and the remainder applied in September. Soil samples (0-5, 5-10, and 10-15 cm) were taken in March 1996, prior to the spring nutrient application. Polar lipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to assess changes in microbial biomass and community structure. Significantly greater soil C, N and microbial biomass in the 0-5 cm depth were observed under both manure treatments than in the CT and AN treatments. There was also a definable shift in the microbial community composition of the surface soils (0-5cm). Typical Gram-negative bacteria PLFA biomarkers were 15 and 27% higher in the LM and HM treatments than in the control. The AN treatment resulted in a 15% decrease in these PLFA compared with the control, Factor analysis of the polar lipid fatty acid profiles from all treatments revealed that the two manure amendments were correlated and could be described by a single factor comprised of typical Gram-negative bacterial biomarkers. The AN treatments from all three depths were also correlated and were described by a second factor comprised of typical Gram-positive bacterial biomarkers, These results demonstrate that soil management practices, such as manuring, that result in accumulations of organic carbon will result in increased microbial biomass and changes in community structure. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. USAE Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Hedrick Serv, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Mullen, MD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. NR 35 TC 223 Z9 251 U1 4 U2 70 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7-8 BP 1011 EP 1019 DI 10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00004-9 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 441YU UT WOS:000169257800016 ER PT J AU Liu, JJ Chiu, DYT Morton, DC Kang, DH Zhirnov, VV Hren, JJ Cuomo, JJ AF Liu, JJ Chiu, DYT Morton, DC Kang, DH Zhirnov, VV Hren, JJ Cuomo, JJ TI Band gap structure and electron emission property of chemical-vapor-deposited diamond films SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL FIELD-EMISSION; COLD-CATHODE; THIN-FILMS AB The structures of the band gap and defect states of chemical-vapor-deposited diamond films were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy, covering wavelength from visible to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). Band gaps ranging from 5.5 to 3.2 eV were measured for natural, polycrystalline, and amorphous diamond films. Low voltage field emissions were obtained from wide band gap films with band gap states distributed close to the conduction band and extended deeply into the band gap. Amorphous diamond film with a narrower band gap could not provide low field emission. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL,SE,EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL,SE,EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 45 IS 6 BP 915 EP 919 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(00)00210-0 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 461VW UT WOS:000170385000014 ER PT J AU Zinsser, N AF Zinsser, N TI Championship team building: What every coach needs to know to build a motivated, committed and cohesive team SO SPORT PSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, Ctr Enhanced Performance, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Zinsser, N (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Ctr Enhanced Performance, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0888-4781 J9 SPORT PSYCHOL JI Sport Psychol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 228 EP 229 PG 2 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 438NC UT WOS:000169059100008 ER PT J AU Stroscio, MA Dutta, M Kahn, D Kim, KW AF Stroscio, MA Dutta, M Kahn, D Kim, KW TI Continuum model of optical phonons in a nanotube SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID LO PHONONS; MICROTUBULES AB The properties of nanotubes are of intense current interest due, in part, to the discovery of the carbon nanotube. In this paper, the optical phonons are modeled for a nanotube by treating the nanotube as a continuum medium. A quantization prescription is applied to facilitate the first determination of the quantum-mechanical normalizations of selected optical phonon modes. It is shown that normalization of the lowest azimuthal mode may be determined analytically. The deformation potentials describing carrier optical-phonon scattering are readily determined from these normalized continuum modes. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Stroscio, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Elect, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1006/spmi.2001.0980 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 460UY UT WOS:000170328000004 ER PT J AU Bykhovskaia, M Gelmont, B Globus, T Woolard, DL Samuels, AC Duong, TH Zakrzewska, K AF Bykhovskaia, M Gelmont, B Globus, T Woolard, DL Samuels, AC Duong, TH Zakrzewska, K TI Prediction of DNA far-IR absorption spectra based on normal mode analysis SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Congress of Quantum Chemistry CY JUN 13-15, 2000 CL NICE, FRANCE SP Soc Francaise Chemie Phys, Div Chem Phys, Soc Francaise Phys, Div Chem Phys DE oligonucleotides; B-helix; infrared spectroscopy; dipole moment; oscillator strength ID NUCLEIC-ACIDS; INFRARED ABSORPTION; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; VIBRATIONAL-MODES; FLUCTUATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; POLYMER; RAMAN AB We present a computational method which couples normal mode analysis in internal coordinates of a molecule with very far IR spectroscopy. The analytical expression for the dependence of IR absorption on frequency incorporates frequencies and optical activities of each normal mode. In order to predict far-IR spectra of a molecule we evaluate the optical activity of each normal mode. This optical activity is determined by the vibration amplitude of the dipole moment produced by a normal mode. We calculated normal modes of DNA double-helical fragments (dA)(12).(dT)(12) and (dA-dT)(6).(dA-dT)(6) and evaluated their optical activities. These were found to be very sensitive to the DNA basepair sequence. The positions of the resonance peaks in the calculated absorption spectrum of (dA)(12).(dT)(12) are in a good agreement with those obtained by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (Powell JW et al. 1987 Phys Rev A 35: 3929-3939). C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Inst Biol Physicochim, Lab Biochim Theor, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Bykhovskaia, M (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. RI Ha-Duong, Tap/J-6909-2013 OI Ha-Duong, Tap/0000-0002-0847-2948 NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1432-881X J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 106 IS 1-2 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1007/s002140100259 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 442YE UT WOS:000169311900004 ER PT J AU Gaborek, BJ Mullikin, JM Pitrat, T Cummings, L May, LM AF Gaborek, BJ Mullikin, JM Pitrat, T Cummings, L May, LM TI Pentagon surface wipe sampling health risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference on Theories and Practices in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 15-18, 2002 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP AFRL/HEST, NHRC/TD, USACEHR, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, AF Off Sci Res, US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment-Cincinnati, Agcy Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Natl Inst Occup Safety & Hlth, US FDA, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls; health risk assessment; lead; polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins and dibenzofurans; risk-based screening levels; surface wipe sampling AB Within hours after the terrorist attack on the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, an extensive sampling effort was initiated within the building to include surface wipe sampling for select coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins and dibenzofurans (dioxins/furans) and lead. A risk-based screening level method was utilized to determine the necessity of additional sampling and to assess the potential for emergency response crews, remediation crews, and returning Pentagon workers to have adverse health impact from exposure to the PCBs, dioxins/furans, and lead on nonporous surfaces. The screening level method included all exposure pathways: dermal absorption, incidental ingestion, and inhalation. Various U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidance documents provided the basis for the method. The underlying assumptions were that the PCBs, dioxins/furans, and lead were contained in the dust or soot layer found on nonporous surfaces, that sampling results were representative of the surfaces from which they were taken, and that the analytical methods employed were able to detect 100% of these substances. A few of the limitations associated with this method included the lack of toxicity values for dermal absorption and the lack of accurate, discrete dermal-exposure values. Evaluation results indicated that additional sampling was not necessary and that concentrations of PCBs, dioxins/furans, and lead on nonporous surfaces were below levels expected to cause adverse health impacts to emergency response crews, remediation crews, and returning Pentagon workers. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Gaborek, BJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, ATTN MCHB TS REH,5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5-10 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1191/0748233701th106oa PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 634CB UT WOS:000180321500013 PM 12539870 ER PT J AU Henderson, RF Barr, EB Blackwell, WB Clark, CR Conn, CA Kalra, R March, TH Sopori, ML Tesfaigzi, Y Menache, MG Mash, DC Dokladny, K Kozak, W Kozak, A Wachulec, M Rudolph, K Kluger, MJ Singh, SP Razani-Boroujerdi, S Langley, RJ AF Henderson, RF Barr, EB Blackwell, WB Clark, CR Conn, CA Kalra, R March, TH Sopori, ML Tesfaigzi, Y Menache, MG Mash, DC Dokladny, K Kozak, W Kozak, A Wachulec, M Rudolph, K Kluger, MJ Singh, SP Razani-Boroujerdi, S Langley, RJ TI Response of F344 rats to inhalation of subclinical levels of sarin: exploring potential causes of Gulf War illness SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference on Theories and Practices in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 15-18, 2002 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP AFRL/HEST, NHRC/TD, USACEHR, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, AF Off Sci Res, US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment-Cincinnati, Agcy Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Natl Inst Occup Safety & Hlth, US FDA, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE cholinergic receptors; immne system; nerve gas; sarin AB Subclinical, repeated exposures of F344 rats to sarin resulted in brain alterations in densities of chlonergic receptor subtypes that may be associated with memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The exposures also depressed the immune system. The rat appears to be a good model for studying the effects of subclinical exposure to a nerve gas. C1 LRRI, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Henderson, RF (reprint author), LRRI, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RI Kozak, Wieslaw/L-5976-2014 NR 3 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5-10 BP 294 EP 297 DI 10.1191/0748233701th105oa PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 634CB UT WOS:000180321500018 PM 12539875 ER PT J AU Ammons, D Rampersad, J Poli, MA AF Ammons, D Rampersad, J Poli, MA TI Evidence for PSP in mussels in Trinidad SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE paralytic shellfish poison; non-native shellfish; public health; mussel; shellfish management AB Herein we present the first evidence for the presence of Paralytic Shellfish Poison (PSP) in Trinidadian waters. The toxin was found in a meat extract of the mussel, Perna viridis. PSP has not previously been demonstrated in the shellfish of Caribbean islands. The presence of PSP in Trinidad is therefore significant in that it presents an opportunity to better understand the dynamics of PSP and algal blooms in both a region and island environment not normally associated with PSP. P. viridis is not native to Trinidad, but rather originates from eastern Asia. It presented itself only recently in Trinidadian waters. Interestingly, shellfish consumption and algal blooms have had a long history of coexistence in Trinidad without any record of human intoxications. In this context, potential Public Health implications of finding PSP in a non-native shellfish species are briefly discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ W Indies, Sch Vet Med, Mt Hope, Trinid & Tobago. Trinidad & Tobago Aquaproducts, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ammons, D (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Sch Vet Med, Mt Hope, Trinid & Tobago. EM ammonsca@netscape.net NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN PY 2001 VL 39 IS 6 BP 889 EP 892 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(00)00228-2 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 393AA UT WOS:000166445100020 PM 11137550 ER PT J AU Laoboonchai, A Kawamoto, F Thanoosingha, N Kojima, S Miller, RS Kain, KC Wongsrichanalai, C AF Laoboonchai, A Kawamoto, F Thanoosingha, N Kojima, S Miller, RS Kain, KC Wongsrichanalai, C TI PCR-based ELISA technique for malaria diagnosis of specimens from Thailand SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE PCR; ELISA; malaria; sensitivity; specificity; Thailand ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MICROTITER PLATE-HYBRIDIZATION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PARASITES; OVALE; PREVALENCE; MICROSCOPY; TRAVELERS; INFECTION; ASSAY AB We performed a field evaluation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the diagnosis of malaria. A commercially available PCR-ELISA microplate hybridization (MPH) assay was used. Blood specimens were collected from 300 volunteers seeking care at malaria clinics in Thailand. Examination of 200 high power fields by Giemsa-stained thick and thin smear (GTTS) revealed 51 P. falciparum (Pf), 45 P. vivax (Pv), seven mixed Pf-Pv infections. These plus a random sample of 48 GTTS-negative specimens were selected for this study. All 151 specimens were processed for parasite DNA extraction and assayed by PCR-MPH. The target DNA sequence of the 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSUrRNA) gene was amplified by PCR and hybridized with species-specific probes for Pf, Pv, P. malariae (Pm) and P. ovale (Po) immobilized in the wells of the microtiter plate and detected by colorimetric assay. Colour development was assessed at an optical density (OD) of 405 nm. An absorbance reading of greater than or equal to 0.1 was used as a positive cut-off. In comparison with GTTS results, PCR-MPH sensitivity was 91.4% (53/58, 95% CI 84.2-98.6) for Pf, 94.2% (49/52, 87.9-100) for Pv and specificity was 95.8% (46/48, 95% CI 90.2-100). There was statistically significant positive correlation between parasite densities less than or equal to 7000/mul blood and absorbance reading, suggestive of PCR-MPH being semiquantitative. PCR-MPH also detected additional Pf and Pv cases as well as Pm and Po. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Nagoya Univ, Sch Med, Dept Int Hlth, Nagoya, Aichi 466, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Parasitol, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Toronto, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Wongsrichanalai, C (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JUN PY 2001 VL 6 IS 6 BP 458 EP 462 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00736.x PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 446DE UT WOS:000169497000007 PM 11422960 ER PT J AU Bruins, MR Kapil, S Oehme, FW AF Bruins, MR Kapil, S Oehme, FW TI Plasmid and chromosomal basis of tolerance to cadmium and resistance to antibiotics in normal bovine duodenal bacterial flora SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METAL RESISTANCE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; DRUG-RESISTANCE; OIL-FIELD; MERCURY; CATTLE; WATER AB Cadmium (Cd) tolerance and antibiotic resistance was studied in duodenal flora of 20 normal bovine samples. Twelve bacterial isolates (5 Staphylococcus spp, 4 Enterococcus faecalis, 2 Bacillus spp, and a Pseudomonas sp) were grown in Luria broth containing 0.05 to 0.8 mM of cadmium chloride (CdCl). All isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance, with 2 Enterococcus strains and Pseudomonas pickettii demonstrating resistance to 12/17 antibiotics tested. With the exception of Staphylococcus sp, all contained plasmid DNA. Curing to remove plasmid DNA determined if Cd tolerance and/or antibiotic resistance was plasmid or chromosomally mediated. None of the bacteria became sensitive to CdCl after curing, suggesting that tolerance was not plasmid-mediated. Six bacteria became sensitive to antibiotics after curing indicating that antibiotic resistance was plasmid mediated. Two of these bacteria became sensitive to multiple antibiotics: a Staphylococcus sp became sensitive to ampicillin, ceftiofur and cephalothin, and a Enterococcus strain became sensitive to neomycin, oxacillin, and tiamulin. All of the isolates were probed for the presence of known Cd-resistance genes (cadA, cadC, and cadD). DNA-DNA hybridization revealed cadA- and cadC-related sequences in chromosomal DNA of a Staphylococcus sp, an DNA of another Staphylococcus sp. No cadD-related sequences were detected in any of the 12 isolates even under reduced stringency of hybridization. C1 Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bruins, MR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, 1 Jarrett White Rd,Bldg 40, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB PI MANHATTAN PA KANSAS STATE UNIV, MANHATTAN, KS 66506-5606 USA SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 129 EP 133 PG 5 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA 434CE UT WOS:000168796900001 PM 11383651 ER PT J AU Bush, SP King, BO Norris, RL Stockwell, SA AF Bush, SP King, BO Norris, RL Stockwell, SA TI Centipede envenomation SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE centipede; Chilopoda; Scolopendra; envenomation; venom; poison; animal stings ID BITES AB Five episodes of envenomation by centipedes in 2 patients are reported. These arthropods are fast-moving, frightening in appearance to some, and may display aggressive behavior. However, stings from these centipedes, like most found worldwide, caused no serious morbidity or mortality. Common effects included intense local pain, erythema, induration, and necrosis, as well as mild constitutional symptoms. All resolved without sequelae. Treatment included pain control, wound care, and tetanus immunization. C1 Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. Loma Linda Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. Stanford Univ, Ctr Med, Div Emergency Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Med Zool Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Bush, SP (reprint author), Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Room A108,11234 Anderson St, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOC PI COLORADO SPRINGS PA 3595 E FOUNTAIN BLVD, STE A1, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80910 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 12 IS 2 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2001)012[0093:CE]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 444BD UT WOS:000169377300005 PM 11434497 ER PT J AU Cochran, WW Pater, LL AF Cochran, WW Pater, LL TI Direction finding at ultra high frequencies (UHF): improved accuracy SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE accuracy; antenna; direction finding; homing; radiotracking; telemetry; triangulation; UHF AB Studies using radiotracking often require location accuracy attainable only by precise triangulation from short distances or homing to visual contact, operations severely impeded by large bearing errors caused by multipath propagation in wooded habitats. We found that over a frequency range of 151 to 1,205 MHz, bearing accuracy in wooded habitat improved with higher directivity receiving antennas but was independent of frequency. Standard deviation of error was as much as 4.7 times greater for a 4-element, 151-MHz Yagi than for a 17-element, 907-MHz Yagi, antennas of a size equally practical for hand-held use. For visual spotting of arboreal animals, the radio-determined field area to be visually searched favored the 907-MHz antenna by a factor of 22. These improvements in accuracy may be realized by direction finding on harmonics (>600 MHz) radiated by conventional (<220-MHz) wildlife transmitters. Also, weak harmonics were received at distances >100 m with inexpensive, commercially available receivers that cover the frequencies of conventional wildlife transmitters and their harmonics to over 1,000 MHz. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Cochran, WW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1204 W Union St, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 29 IS 2 BP 594 EP 599 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 452LA UT WOS:000169858100022 ER PT J AU Sohn, YM Rho, HO Park, MS Kim, JS Summers, PL AF Sohn, YM Rho, HO Park, MS Kim, JS Summers, PL TI Primary humoral immune responses to formalin inactivated hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome vaccine (Hantavax (R)): Consideration of active immunization in South Korea SO YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome; vaccine; immunogenicity; neutralizing antibody; vaccination policy ID ENCEPHALITIS AB The efficacy of a formalin-inactivated hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) vaccine and the effectiveness of a related vaccination program have not been previously evaluated. We measured the primary immune responses to Hantavax((R)) by plaque reduction neutralizing antibody test (PRNT), var hemagglutination inhibition test (HAI), ELISA and high density particle agglutination test (HDPA) in order to confirm a possible, biological efficacy through independent substantiation of experimental results and to compare the results with previous studies. Following two doses of primary vaccination, the seroconversion rate of PRNT and HAI antibody was 39.3% (10/30)[95% C.I. 17.3-52.5%] and 26.7% (8/30) [95% C.I. 12.3-45.9%], respectively. The correlation between PRNT and HAI antibody showed a statistical significance (r=0.58, pc 0.01). The seroconversion rate of HDPA and ELISA were both 76.7% (23/30) [95% C.I. 57.7-90.1%], which correlated well with each other (r=0.58, p <0.02). In our study, Hantavax((R)) elicited low neutralizing antibody responses, at least in the volunteers samples that we tested. The vaccination program, including the vaccine: itself, that has been adopted by the national immunization program to protect against HFRS in Korea should be re-evaluated and re-formulated to produce a higher protective immune response rate. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seoul, South Korea. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Virol, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Seoul, South Korea. RP Sohn, YM (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Yongdong Severance Hosp, Dept Pediat, POB 1217, Seoul 135270, South Korea. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU YONSEI UNIV COLLEGE MEDICINE PI SEOUL PA C/O KYUN0-IL IM, M.D., PH.D, SHINCHON DONG 134, SEODAEMOON KU, SEOUL 120-752, SOUTH KOREA SN 0513-5796 J9 YONSEI MED J JI Yonsei Med. J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 278 EP 284 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 450DL UT WOS:000169726200002 PM 11456392 ER PT J AU Sturm, M Racine, C Tape, K AF Sturm, M Racine, C Tape, K TI Climate change - Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic SO NATURE LA English DT Article C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Sturm, M (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. NR 13 TC 614 Z9 646 U1 38 U2 234 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 31 PY 2001 VL 411 IS 6837 BP 546 EP 547 DI 10.1038/35079180 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 437GE UT WOS:000168982500038 PM 11385559 ER PT J AU Ryzhii, V Khmyrova, I Mitin, V Stroscio, M Willander, M AF Ryzhii, V Khmyrova, I Mitin, V Stroscio, M Willander, M TI On the detectivity of quantum-dot infrared photodetectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; PHOTOCURRENT; WAVELENGTH; (IN AB We report on the analysis of thermally-limited operation of quantum-dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). A device model is developed and used to calculate the QDIP detectivity as a function of the structural parameters, temperature, and applied voltage, as well as to determine the conditions for the detectivity maximum. The QDIP detectivity is compared with that of quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs). This work clarifies why the existing QDIPs are still inferior to QWIPs and shows that a significant improvement in the QDIP performance can be accomplished by the utilization of dense QD arrays with small QDs. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ aizu, Comp Solid State Phys Lab, Aizu Wakamatsu 9658580, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Chalmers, Dept Microelect & Nanosci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Univ aizu, Comp Solid State Phys Lab, Aizu Wakamatsu 9658580, Japan. EM v-ryzhii@u-aizu.ac.jp NR 26 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 28 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 22 BP 3523 EP 3525 DI 10.1063/1.1376435 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 435MJ UT WOS:000168885000049 ER PT J AU Richardson, RD Engel, CC McFall, M McKnight, K Boehnlein, JK Hunt, SC AF Richardson, RD Engel, CC McFall, M McKnight, K Boehnlein, JK Hunt, SC TI Clinician attributions for symptoms and treatment of Gulf War-related health concerns SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Identifying Effective Treatments for Gulf War Veterans Health Problems CY AUG 14, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. ID UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS; MEDICAL-CARE; CHRONIC PAIN; PATIENT; ILLNESS; PHYSICIAN; FATIGUE; ABUSE AB Background: Several clinical syndromes are defined solely on the basis of symptoms, absent an identifiable medical etiology. When evaluating and treating individuals with these syndromes, clinicians' beliefs might shape decisions regarding referral, diagnostic testing, and treatment. To assess clinician beliefs about the etiology and treatment of "Gulf War illness," we surveyed a sample of general internal medicine clinicians (GIMCs) and mental health clinicians (MHCs). Methods: Clinicians (77 GIMCs and 214 MHCs) at the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Portland, Ore, responded to a mailed survey of their beliefs about Gulf War illness. Results: Compared with GIMCs, MHCs were more likely to believe that Gulf War illness was the result of a "physical disorder" and that symptoms resulted from viruses or bacteria, immunizations, exposure to toxins, chemical weapons, or a combination of toxins and stress (P < .05). Conversely, GIMCs were more likely than MHCs to believe that Gulf War illness was a "mental disorder" and that symptoms were due to stress or posttraumatic stress disorder (P<.05). In addition, MHCs were more likely to endorse biological interventions to treat Gulf War illness (P.01), whereas GIMCs were more likely to endorse psychological interventions. Conclusion: Clinicians' beliefs about the etiology and effective treatment of Gulf War illness vary and thus might contribute to the multiple referrals often reported by Gulf War veterans. Health care models for Gulf War veterans and others with symptom-based disorders necessitate collaborative,interdisciplinary approaches. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Richardson, RD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 28 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 10 BP 1289 EP 1294 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.10.1289 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 434JN UT WOS:000168811500004 PM 11371256 ER PT J AU Tovanabutra, S Polonis, V De Souza, M Trichavaroj, R Chanbancherd, P Kim, B Sanders-Buell, E Nitayaphan, S Brown, A Robb, MR Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Carr, JK AF Tovanabutra, S Polonis, V De Souza, M Trichavaroj, R Chanbancherd, P Kim, B Sanders-Buell, E Nitayaphan, S Brown, A Robb, MR Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Carr, JK TI First CRF01_AE/B recombinant of HIV-1 is found in Thailand SO AIDS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; INFECTION; SUBTYPES C1 Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Army Inst Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Thai Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Tovanabutra, S (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. NR 11 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 25 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1063 EP 1065 DI 10.1097/00002030-200105250-00018 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 436HH UT WOS:000168930100017 PM 11399992 ER PT J AU Taylor, LC Tabacco, MB Gillespie, JB AF Taylor, LC Tabacco, MB Gillespie, JB TI Sensors for detection of calcium associated with bacterial endospore suspensions SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE dipicolinic acid; endospore; spectroscopy; fluorescence ID TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SPORE DETECTION; BACILLUS; ACID AB We describe a method of detecting bacterial endospores via quantitation of calcium uniquely associated with spore suspensions. The sensor is created by combining a fluorescent calcium-sensitive indicator, calcein, in a viscous membrane on planar, silica glass coupons. The sensor coupon is affixed to the distal end of an optical fiber, which provides excitation light and collects the fluorescence emission. Aqueous micro-droplets of bacterial spores are added to the sensor and the resulting increase in fluorescence intensity is monitored. This assay effectively exploits the high concentration of calcium ion found in the spore core and expressed on the surface, and fluorescence spectroscopy, as an indirect method to detect and quantify spore concentration. This sensor technology is applicable to near real-time detection of calcium in bacterial spore suspensions without interference from light scattering or other ambient biological materials such as bacteria, pollen, viruses, and fungal spores. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Echo Technol Inc, Boston, MA 02210 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tabacco, MB (reprint author), Echo Technol Inc, 451 D St, Boston, MA 02210 USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD MAY 24 PY 2001 VL 435 IS 2 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)00867-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 435ZJ UT WOS:000168911800003 ER PT J AU Liu, W Cholli, AL Kumar, J Tripathy, S Samuelson, L AF Liu, W Cholli, AL Kumar, J Tripathy, S Samuelson, L TI Mechanistic study of the peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of sulfonated phenol SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID WATER-SOLUBLE POLYANILINE; ENZYMATIC-SYNTHESIS; POLYMERS AB Peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of sulfonated phenol was investigated by H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The reaction process was monitored by H-1 NMR spectroscopy with the incremental addition of H2O2. The variation of the dimer concentration shows three different stages during the reaction: proliferation (I), equilibrium (II), and reduction (III) of the dimer. Conversion of most of the monomer is devoted to the formation of small molecular weight species such as dimers at stage I. A dynamic equilibrium exists between the formation and consumption of the dimer in the reaction system at stage II. The likelihood of formation of high molecular weight products increases at stage III. Structural characterizations of the predominant dimer product and the resulted polymer suggest that C-O-C coupling is dominant in the polymerization, leading to the synthesis of a polymeric material with sulfonated phenylene oxide as the major unit. C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cholli, AL (reprint author), Univ Lowell, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 19 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 22 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 11 BP 3522 EP 3526 DI 10.1021/ma002006e PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 434TY UT WOS:000168833000006 ER PT J AU Foster, L Clapp, L Erickson, M Jabbari, B AF Foster, L Clapp, L Erickson, M Jabbari, B TI Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain - A randomized, double-blind study SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; MUSCLE SPASMS; LONG-TERM; INJECTION; DYSTONIA AB Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in chronic low back pain and associated disabilities. Methods: Thirty-one consecutive patients with chronic low back pain who met the inclusion criteria were studied: 15 received 200 units of botulinum toxin type A, 40 units/site at five lumbar paravertebral levels on the side of maximum discomfort, and 16 received normal saline. Each patient's baseline level of pain and degree of disability was documented using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire (OLBPQ). The authors reevaluated the patients at 3 and 8 weeks (visual analogue scale) and at 8 weeks (OLBPQ). Results: At 3 weeks, 11 of 15 patients who received botulinum toxin (73.3%) had >50% pain relief vs four of 16 (25%) in the saline group (p = 0.012). At 8 weeks, nine of 15 (60%) in the botulinum toxin group and two of 16 (12.5%) in the saline group had relief (p = 0.009). Repeat OLBPQ at 8 weeks showed improvement in 10 of 15 (66.7%) in the botulinum toxin group vs three of 16 (18.8%) in the saline group (p = 0.011). No patient experienced side effects. Conclusion: Paravertebral administration of botulinum toxin A in patients with chronic low back pain relieved pain and improved function at 3 and 8 weeks after treatment. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Edward Hines Vet Adm Hosp, Neurol Serv, Huntington, WV USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jabbari, B (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 32 TC 156 Z9 165 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 22 PY 2001 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1290 EP 1293 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 433CV UT WOS:000168738500010 PM 11376175 ER PT J AU Rudick, RA Cutter, G Baier, M Fisher, E Dougherty, D Weinstock-Guttman, B Mass, MK Miller, D Simonian, NA AF Rudick, RA Cutter, G Baier, M Fisher, E Dougherty, D Weinstock-Guttman, B Mass, MK Miller, D Simonian, NA TI Use of the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite to predict disability in relapsing MS SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Neurology CY APR 29-MAY 06, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Acad Neurol ID CLINICAL OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT; TASK AB Objective: To determine whether the MS Functional Composite (MSFC) can predict future disease progression in patients with relapsing remitting MS (RR-MS). Background: The MSFC was recommended by the Clinical Outcomes Assessment Task Force of the National MS Society as a new clinical outcome measure for clinical trials. The MSFC, which contains a test of walking speed, arm dexterity, and cognitive function, is expressed as a single score on a continuous scale. It was thought to offer improved reliability and responsiveness compared with traditional clinical MS outcome measures. The predictive value of MSFC scores in RR-MS has not been determined. Methods: The authors conducted a follow-up study of patients with PR-MS who participated in a phase III study of interferon beta -1a (AVONEX) to determine the predictive value of MSFC scores. MSFC scores were constructed from data obtained during the phase III trial. Patients were evaluated by neurologic and MRI examinations after an average interval of 8.1 years from the start of the clinical trial. The relationships between MSFC scores during the clinical trial and follow-up status were determined. Results: MSFC scores from the phase III clinical trial strongly predicted clinical and MRI status at the follow-up visit. Baseline MSFC scores, and change in MSFC score over 2 years correlated with both disability status and the severity of whole brain atrophy at follow-up. There were also significant correlations between MSFC scores during the clinical trial and patient-reported quality of life at follow-up. The correlation with whole brain atrophy at follow-up was stronger for baseline MSFC than for baseline EDSS. Conclusion: MSFC scores in patients with RR-MS predict the level of disability and extent of brain atrophy 6 to 8 years later. MSFC scores may prove useful to assign prognosis, monitor patients during early stages of MS, and to assess treatment effects. C1 Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR USA. Buffalo Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. AMC Canc Ctr, Ctr Res Methodol & Biometr, Lakewood, CO USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis Treatment & Res, Area U100, Dept Neurol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Biomed Engn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Rudick, RA (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis Treatment & Res, Area U100, Dept Neurol, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [P01 NS38667]; PHS HHS [R01 26321] NR 21 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 22 PY 2001 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1324 EP 1330 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 433CV UT WOS:000168738500017 PM 11376182 ER PT J AU Saffarian, HM Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S AF Saffarian, HM Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S TI Effect of adsorbed uracil and its derivatives on the rate of oxygen reduction on platinum in acid electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE reaction rate; oxygen reduction; platinum; uracil derivatives ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; CONDENSED THYMINE FILMS; MERCURY WATER INTERFACE; FRACTAL SURFACES; BIOFUEL CELL; THIN-FILM; ELECTRODES; KINETICS; ADSORPTION; GOLD AB The rate of oxygen reduction in 0.5 M H2SO4 has been controlled by adsorbing uracil and its alkyl derivatives on a Pt electrode. Addition of an ethyl group to C(5), or methyl groups to the C(5) and C(6) positions of uracil, enhances the reaction rate. 5-Ethyluracil and 5,6-dimetfiyluracil have such an effect, however, only when their concentrations in the electrolyte are less than or equal to 0.1 mM. Substitution of the hydrogen on N(3) with -CH3, or exocyclic oxygens with -OCH3 groups results in the inhibition of the reaction; 1,3-dimethyluracil and 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine (0.1 mM) are two systems that cause inhibition. Interaction between the surface Pt atoms and the N(3) and O sites on the organic molecule, especially in the presence of -CH3 or -C2H5 groups on the C(5) and/or C(6) centers, are essential for the enhancement. Results of rotating disk electrode experiments suggest that at low overpotentials, 5-ethyluracil and 5,6-dimethyluracil increase the exchange current to produce higher reaction rates. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Srinivasan, R (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 2001 VL 504 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(01)00350-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 438AJ UT WOS:000169031300011 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Walter, EA Crawford, S McElmeel, ML Jorgensen, JH AF Murray, CK Walter, EA Crawford, S McElmeel, ML Jorgensen, JH TI Abiotrophia bacteremia in a patient with neutropenic fever and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Abiotrophia isolates SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NUTRITIONALLY VARIANT STREPTOCOCCI; PATTERNS AB We report a case of bacteremia due to Abiotrophia species in a patient with neutropenic fever and cancer who was receiving levofloxacin prophylaxis, followed by empirical therapy with cefepime; the organism was resistant to both antibiotics. We provide susceptibility data on 20 additional bloodstream isolates of Abiotrophia species. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 32 IS 10 BP E140 EP E142 DI 10.1086/320150 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 430FB UT WOS:000168562900031 PM 11317266 ER PT J AU Vereshchagina, LA Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Vereshchagina, LA Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI Multiple transcription factors regulate the inducible expression of the human complement receptor 2 promoter SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; MURINE CD21 GENE; DNA-BINDING; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CELL ACTIVATION; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; FACTOR CREB; PROTEIN; CR-2 AB Complement receptor 2 (CR2) is regulated at the transcriptional level, but the promoter elements and the transcription factors that bind to them and contribute to its regulation are unknown. After documenting that PMA and CAMP induced the activity of the CR2 promoter by 10-fold, we conducted promoter truncation and mutagenesis experiments, in conjunction with shift assays, to determine the functionally important regions of the promoter and the proteins that bind to them. We identified two regions, separated by similar to 900 nucleotides, which together were responsible for inducible promoter activity. Mutagenesis of single promoter elements demonstrated a functional upstream stimulatory factor/E box in the TATA box-proximal region and three equally important, closely spaced, CREB/AP-1 half-sites in the upstream promoter region. The cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/AP-1 half-sites bound in vitro Jun and CREB that are induced by protein kinases A and/or C. The 900-nucleotide segment stretching between the above two regions had no functional impact on the induced transcription, and its deletion increased the promoter activity. Finally, a region upstream of the distal site had a repressor activity on CR2 transcription. Moreover, IL-4 induced binding of CREB and AP-1 to the upstream promoter elements and resulted in increased CR2 surface protein expression. These studies have characterized regions of the CR2 promoter and the transcription factors that bind to them and are crucial to induced CR2 expression. Our studies may provide insights to novel approaches to modulate B cell function by regulating CR2 gene transcription. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Rd,Bldg 503,Room 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI42782] NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 6156 EP 6163 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 471VC UT WOS:000170948500040 PM 11342636 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The proving ground: The inside story of the 1998 Sydney to Hobart race. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 9 BP 130 EP 130 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 433HJ UT WOS:000168749000141 ER PT J AU Owens, FJ AF Owens, FJ TI Resonant and nonresonant microwave absorption study of ferromagnetic transition in RuSr2Gd0.5Eu0.5Cu2O8 superconductor SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE ferromagnetism; antiferromagnetism; fluctuations ID TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; RUSR2GDCU2O8 AB Replacement of half of the Gd ions by Eu in the superconductor RuSr2CdCu2O8 does not affect the ferromagnetic transition temperature detected by the emergence of the derivative of the low magnetic field nonresonant microwave absorption. This suggests that the Gd ions are not the source of the ferromagnetism at 136 K. A marked narrowing of the line width and the shift of the field position of the electron paramagnetic resonance of Gd3+ is observed as the Curie temperature is approached from above. These latter effects are likely a result of precursor ferromagnetic fluctuations, which can occur well above the ferromagnetic transition in low dimensional systems probably arising from the fluctuations of the Ru moments in the Ru-O layers. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Energet Mat Lab, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Owens, FJ (reprint author), USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Energet Mat Lab, Bldg 3022, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM fowens@pica.armt.mil NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 353 IS 3-4 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(00)01756-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 435DA UT WOS:000168861100014 ER PT J AU McClain, JB Edelman, R Shmuklarsky, M Que, J Cryz, SJ Cross, AS AF McClain, JB Edelman, R Shmuklarsky, M Que, J Cryz, SJ Cross, AS TI Unusual persistence in healthy volunteers and ill patients of hyperimmune immunoglobulin directed against multiple Pseudomonas O-chain and Klebsiella serotypes after intravenous infusion SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE immunoglobulin; Klebsiella; Pseudomonas; pharmacokinetics; vaccine; hyperimmune immunoglobulin ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; MARROW TRANSPLANT PATIENTS; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; CONJUGATE VACCINE; GAMMA-GLOBULIN; PHARMACOKINETICS; ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGENICITY; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Persistence of intravenous (i.v,) hyperimmune immunoglobulin (100 mg/kg) directed against clinically predominant serotypes of Pseudomonas and Klebsiella in ill, febrile patients was compared to healthy volunteers to determine if ill patients have a decreased Ig half-life resulting in an increased immunoglobulin requirement. Type-specific antibodies were measured by ELISA for 83 days in eight healthy volunteers and for 35 days in eight ill patients with surgical complications or hematologic malignancy. Mean values and fold rises of antibody concentrations for the two groups were above preinfusion values at 35 days. The antibody fold rises in patients and in healthy volunteers were similar. Type-specific antibody levels in some patients increased after illness coincident with elevation of total immunoglobulins. We conclude that the duration of potentially therapeutic levels of infused type-specific hyperimmune immunoglobulin may persist for a longer period of time than what has been measured for total immunoglobulin. While the mechanism of this persistence remains to be characterized, the possibility of type-specific antibody synthesis induced by immunoglobulin administration must be considered. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Swiss Serum & Vaccine Inst, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Cross, AS (reprint author), Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 14 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 25-26 BP 3499 EP 3508 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00061-5 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 437LF UT WOS:000168992600023 PM 11348717 ER PT J AU Klein, PB Binari, SC Ikossi-Anastasiou, K Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Katzer, DS AF Klein, PB Binari, SC Ikossi-Anastasiou, K Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Katzer, DS TI Investigation of traps producing current collapse in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS AB Current collapse in ALGaN/GaN HEMTs has been investigated using photo-ionisation spectroscopy techniques to probe the spatial origins of the traps producing this effect. The results indicate that the responsible traps reside in the high-resistivity GaN buffer layer and are identical to those traps causing current collapse in GaN MESFETs. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Klein, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 5 TC 57 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAY 10 PY 2001 VL 37 IS 10 BP 661 EP 662 DI 10.1049/el:20010434 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 435UG UT WOS:000168899100037 ER PT J AU Walsh, ME AF Walsh, ME TI Determination of nitroaromatic, nitramine, and nitrate ester explosives in soil by gas chromatography and an electron capture detector SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE explosives; soil; compounds ID AMMUNITION WASTE-WATER; AROMATIC-AMINES; RESIDUES; DERIVATIZATION; EXTRACTION AB Hazardous waste site characterization, forensic investigations, and land mine detection are scenarios where soils may be collected and analyzed for traces of nitroaromatic, nitramine, and nitrate ester explosives. These thermally labile analytes are traditionally determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); however, commercially available deactivated injection port liners and wide-bore capillary columns have made routine analysis by gas chromatography (GC) possible. The electron-withdrawing nitro group common to each of these explosives makes the electron capture detector (ECD) suitable for determination of low concentrations of explosives in soil, water, and air. GC-ECD and HPLC-W concentration estimates of explosives residues in field-contaminated soils from hazardous waste sites were compared, and correlation (r > 0.97) was excellent between the two methods of analysis for each of the compounds most frequently detected: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB), 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). The analytes were extracted from soils with acetonitrile by 18 h of sonication in a cooled ultrasonic bath. Two soil-to-solvent ratios were evaluated: 2.00 g:10.00 mi and 25.0 g:50.0 mi. GC-ECD method detection limits were similar for the two soil-to-solvent ratios and were about 1 mug kg(-1) for the di- and trinitroaromatics, about 10 mug kg(-1) for the mono-nitroaromatics, 3 mug kg(-1) for RDX, 25 mug kg(-1) for HMX, and between 10 and 40 mug kg(-1) for the nitrate esters (nitroglycerine [NG] and pentaerythritol tetranitrate [PETN]). Spike recovery studies revealed artifacts introduced by the spiking procedure. Recoveries were low in some soils if the amount of soil spiked was large (25.0 g) compared to the volume of spike solution added (1.00 ml). Recoveries were close to 100% when 2.00-g soil samples were spiked with 1.00 mi of solution. Analytes most frequently found in soils collected near buried land mines were the microbial transformation products of TNT (2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene [2-Am-DNT] and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene [4-Am-DNT]), manufacturing impurities of TNT (2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, and 1,3-DNB), and TNT. The microbial reduction products of the isomers of DNT and of 1,3-DNB were also detected, but the ECD response to these compounds is poor. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Walsh, ME (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 24 TC 120 Z9 123 U1 18 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD MAY 10 PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 427 EP 438 DI 10.1016/S0039-9140(00)00541-5 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 432LN UT WOS:000168693400002 PM 18968268 ER PT J AU Jenkins, TF Leggett, DC Miyares, PH Walsh, ME Ranney, TA Cragin, JH George, V AF Jenkins, TF Leggett, DC Miyares, PH Walsh, ME Ranney, TA Cragin, JH George, V TI Chemical signatures of TNT-filled land mines SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE TNT-filled land mines; signature chemicals; GC-ECD AB The equilibrium headspace above several military-grade explosives was sampled using solid phase microextraction fibers and the sorbed analytes determined using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The major vapors detected were the various isomers of dinitrotoluene (DNTs), dinitrobenzene (DNBs), and trinitrotoluene (TNTs), with 2,4-DNT and 1,3-DNB often predominating. Although 2,4,6-TNT made up from 50 to 99% of the solid explosive, it was only a minor component of the equilibrium vapor. The flux of chemical signatures from intact land mines is thought to originate from surface contamination and evolution of vapors via cracks in the casing and permeation through polymeric materials. The levels of external contamination were determined on a series of four types of Yugoslavian land mines (PMA-1A, PMA2, TMA5 and TMM1). The flux into air as a function of temperature was determined by placing several of these mines in Tedlar bags and measuring the mass accumulation on the walls of the bags after equilibrating the mine at one of five temperatures. TNT was a major component of the surface contamination on these mines, yet it accounted for less than 10% of the flux for the three plastic-cased mines, and about 33% from the metal antitank mine (TMM1). Either 2,4-DNT or 1,3-DNB produced the largest vapor flux from: these four types of land mines. The environmental stability of the most important land mine signature chemicals was determined as a function of temperature by fortifying soils with low aqueous concentrations of a suite of these compounds and analyzing the remaining concentrations after various exposure times. The kinetics of loss was not of first order in analyte concentration, indicating that half-life is concentration dependent. At 23 degreesC, the half life of 2,4,6-TNT, with an initial concentration of about 0.5 mg kg(-1), was found to be only about 1 day. Under identical conditions, the half-life of 2,4-DNT was about 25 days. A research minefield was established and a number of these same four mine types were buried. Soil samples were collected around several of these mines at several time periods after burial and the concentration of signature chemicals determined by acetonitrile extraction and GC-ECD analysis. Relatively high concentrations of 2,4,6-TNT and 2,4-DNT were found to have accumulated beneath a TMA5 antitank mine, with lower concentrations in the soil layers between the mine and the surface. Signatures were distributed very heterogeneously in surface soils, and concentrations were very low (low mug kg(-1) range). Lower, but detectable, concentrations of signatures were detectable irregularly in soils near the PMA-1A mines in contrast to the TMA5 mines. Concentrations of signature chemicals were generally below detection limits (<1 g kg(-1)) near the TMM1 and PMA-2 mines, even 8 months after burial. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sci & Technol Corp, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Draper Lab, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Jenkins, TF (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 12 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD MAY 10 PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 501 EP 513 DI 10.1016/S0039-9140(00)00547-6 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 432LN UT WOS:000168693400008 PM 18968274 ER PT J AU Akozbek, N Scalora, M Bowden, CM Chin, SL AF Akozbek, N Scalora, M Bowden, CM Chin, SL TI White-light continuum generation and filamentation during the propagation of ultra-short laser pulses in air SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE nonlinear optics; beam trapping and self-focusing; photoionization; nonlinear phenomena : wave; propagation and other interactions; continuum generation ID FEMTOSECOND PULSES; MOVING-FOCUS; SUPERCONTINUUM; GASES; DEPENDENCE; INTENSITY; CHANNEL; MODEL; O-2; N-2 AB We present numerical results on the propagation of femtosecond pulses in air including multiphoton ionization. group-velocity dispersion, space-time focusing, self-steepening, Raman response. and higher-order chi ((5)) defocusing. It is shown that the self-steepening terms cause strong blue shifting of the spectrum generating a white-light continuum. Our results are in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Laval, Ctr Opt, Dept Phys, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. RP Bowden, CM (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM cmbowden@ws.redstone.army.mil NR 42 TC 170 Z9 174 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 8 PY 2001 VL 191 IS 3-6 BP 353 EP 362 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(01)01113-0 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 431FV UT WOS:000168621900025 ER PT J AU DeGeare, VS Boura, JA Grines, LL O'Neill, WW Grines, CL AF DeGeare, VS Boura, JA Grines, LL O'Neill, WW Grines, CL TI Predictive value of the Killip classification in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY ANGIOPLASTY AB The predictive value of Killip classification of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not well established. We performed a pooled analysis of 2,654 patients with AMI enrolled in 3 primary angioplasty trials. Of these, 2,305 patients were class I, 302 were class II, and 47 were class III (class IV patients were excluded). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine if Killip class at admission was a predictor of in-hospital and 6-month mortality. Higher Killip classification was associated with greater in-hospital. (2.4%, 7%, and 19% for class I, II, and III, respectively) and 6-month mortality (4%, 10%, and 28% for class I, II, and III, respectively). Higher Killip class was associated with increased age (p <0.001), history of diabetes (p <0.02), lower systolic blood pressure and higher heart rate at presentation (p <0.0001 for both), more 3-vessel disease (p <0.001), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (p <0.0001), and higher peak creatine phosphokinase (p <0.0001). With each increasing Killip class, there was an increased need for an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (p <0.001) and greater incidence of renal failure (p 0.001), major arrhythmia (p <0.001), and major bleeding (p <0.001). After controlling for potential confounding variables, Killip classification remained a multivariate predictor of mortality at both time end points. Killip classification at hospital admission remains a simple and useful independent predictor of in-hospital and 6-month mortality in patients with AMI who are undergoing primary PCI. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MDC, MCHE, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Div Cardiol, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA. RP DeGeare, VS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MDC, MCHE, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1035 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01457-6 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 426MJ UT WOS:000168352700001 PM 11348598 ER PT J AU Ormseth, EJ Holtzmuller, KC Goodman, ZD Colonna, JO Batty, DS Sjogren, MH AF Ormseth, EJ Holtzmuller, KC Goodman, ZD Colonna, JO Batty, DS Sjogren, MH TI Hepatic decompensation associated with lamivudine: A case report and review of lamivudine-induced hepatotoxicity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Review ID LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; B CIRRHOSIS; EFFICACY; INFECTION; ALPHA; TRIAL AB We report a case of a 62-yr-old man with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis who developed hepatic decompensation after being started on lamivudine requiring liver transplantation. Decompensated liver disease while on lamivudine has been previously reported on two occasions, both HIV coinfected patients on a combination of nucleoside analogues. Our patient is alive and well nearly 2 yr after successful liver transplantation. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Univ Maryland, Med Syst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Holtzmuller, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1619 EP 1622 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430WW UT WOS:000168599300057 PM 11374710 ER PT J AU Sebesta, J Brown, T Williard, W Dehart, MJ Aldous, W Kavolius, J Azarow, K AF Sebesta, J Brown, T Williard, W Dehart, MJ Aldous, W Kavolius, J Azarow, K TI Does telomerase activity add to the value of line needle aspirations in evaluating thyroid nodules? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 87th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 10-11, 2000 CL COEURD ALENE, IDAHO SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE thyroid; fine needle aspirations; telomerase; TRAP assay; FNA ID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA; CELLS; DIAGNOSIS; SAMPLES; BIOPSY; CANCER AB Background: Telomerase replaces DNA sequences that are lost with cell division. Increased activity has been documented in malignant cells. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) has a 90% sensitivity for diagnosis of papillary carcinomas, but a specificity of 52%. This often leads to unnecessary surgery. Methods: Telomeric repeat amplification protocol assays were performed on FNA specimens of thyroid nodules in 19 patients. These results were compared with the surgical pathology using chi-square analysis. Results: There were 5 malignant and 14 benign nodules. Telomerase activity was found in 3 of 5 malignant (60%) and 9 of 14 benign (64%): sensitivity was 60%, specificity was 36%. Conclusion: Telomerase assays did not add any additional information to FNA alone. Inflammatory changes associated with benign and malignant lesions can possess telomerase activity independent of the malignant stale. (C) 2001 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Sebesta, J (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 181 IS 5 BP 420 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00605-5 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 451WQ UT WOS:000169825800007 PM 11448433 ER PT J AU Taylor, WRJ Widjaja, H Richie, TL Basri, H Tjitra, CO Taufik, E Jones, TR Kain, KC Hoffman, SL AF Taylor, WRJ Widjaja, H Richie, TL Basri, H Tjitra, CO Taufik, E Jones, TR Kain, KC Hoffman, SL TI Chloroquine/doxycycline combination versus chloroquine alone, and doxycycline alone for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in northeastern Irian Jaya, Indonesia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANTIMALARIAL DRUG-RESISTANCE; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; IN-VIVO; MEFLOQUINE; TETRACYCLINE; QUININE; ARTESUNATE; PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTIONS; THAILAND AB Combination therapy is one method of overcoming the global challenge of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. We conducted a hospital-based 28-day in vivo test comparing chloroquine/doxycycline to chloroquine or doxycycline alone for treating P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Eighty-nine patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were randomized to standard dose chloroquine (n = 30), doxycycline (100 mg every 12 hours [7 days], n = 20), or chloroquine with doxycycline (n = 39): corresponding numbers for vivax malaria (n = 63) were 23, 16, 24. Endpoints were parasite sensitivity (S) or resistance (RI/RII/RIII). Of the 105 evaluable patients, chloroquine/doxycycline cured (S) 20/22 (90.9% [95% CI 78.9-100%]) patients with P. falciparum malaria; 2/22 (9.1% [0-21%]) were RIII resistant. Doxycycline cured 11/17 (64.7% [42.0-87.4%]) patients, and chloroquine 4/20 (20% [2.5-37.5%]). Against P. vivax, chloroquine/doxycycline cured (S) 12/17 (70.6% [48.9-92.2%]) patients, doxycycline 4/12 (33.3% [6.6-59.9%]), and chloroquine 5/17 (29.4% [7.7-51.1%]). Chloroquine/doxycycline was effective against P. falciparum but only modestly effective against P. vivax. These findings support the use of chloroquine/doxycycline as an inexpensive alternative to mefloquine for treating chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum but not chloroquine-resistant P. vivax in this setting. C1 USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Ctr Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia. Indonesian Naval Hosp, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. USN, Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Toronto Hosp, Trop Dis Unit, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Richie, TL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011 NR 38 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5-6 BP 223 EP 228 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 453NH UT WOS:000169921600001 PM 11463107 ER PT J AU Glen, MAG Evans, DL Leemis, LM AF Glen, MAG Evans, DL Leemis, LM TI APPL: A probability programming language SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article DE algorithms; computer algebra systems; continuous probability distributions AB Statistical packages have been used for decades to analyze large datasets or to perform mathematically intractable statistical methods. These packages are not capable of working with random variables having arbitrary distributions. This article presents a prototype probability package named APPL (A Probability Programming Language) that can be used to manipulate random variables. Examples illustrate its use. A current version of the software can be obtained by contacting the third author at leemis@math.wm.edu. C1 USA, Ft Sill, OK USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Glen, MAG (reprint author), USA, 649 Batson Ave, Ft Sill, OK USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 55 IS 2 BP 156 EP 166 PG 11 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 427RN UT WOS:000168419400014 ER PT J AU Liew, CJ Robinson, DP AF Liew, CJ Robinson, DP TI Measuring dynamic economic effects under the constant-technology versus varying-technology assumptions SO ANNALS OF REGIONAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB This study measures the time-period-specific industrial price and output effects of cost-related variables (transportation cost, wage rate, and interest rate) by utilizing the Dynamic Variable Input-Output (VIO) model. The Dynamic Variable Input-Output (VIO) model extends the static single regional version of the MultiRegional Variable Input-Output (MRVIO) model which is a partial general equilibrium model that incorporates the input-output model. By using the 15 sector industrial transaction table derived from the 1987 U.S. Benchmark input-output table for the constant-technology assumption case, and transaction tables derived from the 1987-1983 U.S. input-output tables for the varying-technology assumption case, we estimate cost-related variable effects on industrial price and output that are spread over several years. The dynamic price and output elasticities identify each period's impacts, and they add up to the static total price and output elasticities, respectively, when we adopt the constant-technology assumption. When we adopt the varying-technology assumption, each period's impacts do not add up to the neat dynamic totals. This study also finds that the initial period's price and output elasticities of the Dynamic VIO model are exactly the same as price and output elasticities of the static VIO model, thereby showing that the static VIO model underestimates the price and output impacts. Empirical results show that price elasticities are all positive for both own and cross impacts. Empirical results also show that output elasticities are negative for own impacts but mixed in sign for cross impacts because of the substituting behavior of firms and consumers. The distributions of both price and output elasticities reveal that ripple effects vary among different industries, over different time periods, among the cost-related variables, and between the two different technology assumptions. The distributions of both price and output impacts are more apparent during the first four or five periods. Hypotheses testings on the differences of mean elasticities between the two cases of technology assumptions show that under 10% level of significance, there are almost no differences in elasticities between the two cases of technology assumptions. However, as we increase the significance level, the total of five year periods' impacts show that they do differ under the two technology assumptions. Consequently, we recommend the use of constant technology for forecasting time horizons less than five years, and the use of varying-technology for forecasting time horizons longer than five years. C1 Univ Cent Oklahoma, Dept Econ, Edmond, OK 73034 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Liew, CJ (reprint author), Univ Cent Oklahoma, Dept Econ, 100 N Univ Dr, Edmond, OK 73034 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0570-1864 J9 ANN REGIONAL SCI JI Ann. Reg. Sci. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 35 IS 2 BP 299 EP 331 DI 10.1007/s001680100041 PG 33 WC Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 448MC UT WOS:000169629800011 ER PT J AU Norton, SA AF Norton, SA TI On first looking into Pernkopf's atlas (Part 1) SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NAZI ORIGINS; ANATOMY TEXT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 137 IS 5 BP 549 EP 551 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 434JY UT WOS:000168812400001 PM 11346331 ER PT J AU Steele, K Crise, B Kuehne, A Kell, W AF Steele, K Crise, B Kuehne, A Kell, W TI Ebola virus glycoprotein demonstrates differential cellular localization in infected cell types of nonhuman primates and guinea pigs SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIRION GLYCOPROTEINS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MONKEYS; PATHOLOGY AB Background.-In vitro studies have previously shown that Ebola virus glycoprotein (CP) is rapidly processed and largely released from infected cells, whereas other viral proteins, such as VP40, accumulate within cells. Objective.-To determine infected cell types in which Ebola virus GP and VP40, individually, localize in vivo. Methods.-Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization using GP- and VP40-specific antibodies and genetic probes were used to analyze archived tissues of experimentally infected nonhuman primates and guinea pigs and Vero E6 and 293 cells infected in vitro. Results.-The GP antigen was consistently present in hepatocytes, adrenal cortical cells, fibroblasts, fibroblastic reticular cells, ovarian thecal cells, and several types of epithelial cells, but was not detected in macrophages and blood monocytes of animals, nor in Vero cells and 293 cells. All GP-positive and CP-negative cell types analyzed contained VP40 antigen and both GP and VP40 RNAs. Conclusions.-Ebola virus GP appears to selectively accumulate in many cell types infected in vivo, but not in macrophages and monocytes. This finding suggests that many cell types may have a GP-processing pathway that differs from the pathway described by previous in vitro studies. Differential cellular localization of CP could be relevant to the pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Steele, K (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 125 IS 5 BP 625 EP 630 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 428YF UT WOS:000168488700007 PM 11300932 ER PT J AU Enyedy, EJ Nambiar, MP Liossis, SNC Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Enyedy, EJ Nambiar, MP Liossis, SNC Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI Fc epsilon receptor type I gamma chain replaces the deficient T cell receptor zeta chain in T cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; RI-GAMMA; SIGNALING DEFECTS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; MICE LACKING; ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTES; SYK; EXPRESSION; MOLECULES AB Objective. T cells from the majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) express significantly lower levels of T cell receptor zeta chain, a critical signaling molecule. However, TCR/CD3 triggering of SLE T cells shows increased phosphorylation of downstream signaling intermediates and increased [Ca2+](i) response, suggesting the presence of alternative signaling mechanisms. We investigated whether Fee receptor type I gamma chain (Fc epsilon RI gamma) could substitute for TCR zeta chain and contribute to T cell signaling in SLE. Methods. T cells were purified from the peripheral blood of 21 patients with SLE and 5 healthy volunteers. The expression of Fc epsilon RI gamma was investigated using immunoblotting, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry methods. Involvement of the Fc epsilon RI gamma in T cell signaling was studied by immunoprecipitation and/or immunoblotting after TCR/CD3 stimulation. Results. Western blotting and densitometric analysis showed that the expression of Fc epsilon RI gamma in SLE T cells was 4.3-fold higher than in normal T cells (P < 0.001). Flow cytometric analyses of T lymphocyte subsets revealed that the proportions of FcRI gamma+,CD3+, Fc epsilon RI gamma+,CD4+, and Fc epsilon RI gamma+, CD8+ cells were significantly greater in SLE patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Immunoprecipitation of SLE T cell lysates with an anti-FcRI gamma antibody showed that Fc epsilon RI gamma associates with the tyrosine kinase Syk and the CD3 epsilon chain, suggesting that Fc epsilon RI gamma is functionally involved in TCR signaling. Conclusion. These results demonstrate that the Fc epsilon RI gamma chain is expressed at high levels in a large proportion of SLE T cells. The increased expression of Fc epsilon RI gamma chain in SLE T cells may account in part for the aberrant antigen receptor-initiated signaling and contribute to the diverse cellular abnormalities found in this disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bldg 503 Room 1A32,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI-42269]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR-39501] NR 36 TC 108 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1114 EP 1121 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200105)44:5<1114::AID-ANR192>3.0.CO;2-B PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 485JJ UT WOS:000171751000017 PM 11352243 ER PT J AU Writer, JV AF Writer, JV TI Conquerors of yellow fever SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD MAY PY 2001 VL 67 IS 5 BP 241 EP 241 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 431AV UT WOS:000168610500007 ER PT J AU Miller, RS McDaniel, P Wongsrichanalai, C AF Miller, RS McDaniel, P Wongsrichanalai, C TI Following the course of malaria treatment by detecting parasite lactate dehydrogenase enzyme SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter DE malaria diagnosis; LDH; gametocytes; quinine C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Kwai River Christian Hosp, Kanchanaburi, Thailand. RP Miller, RS (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 3 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 113 IS 2 BP 558 EP 559 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02782.x PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 439AG UT WOS:000169086100047 PM 11380433 ER PT J AU Highland, KB Pantsari, MW Judson, MA AF Highland, KB Pantsari, MW Judson, MA TI Pharyngitis, splenomegaly, and hilar and peripheral adenopathy in a 29-year-old man with acute hypoxic respiration failure - Heterophile antibody screen; Epstein-Barr virus pneumonia SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-MONONUCLEOSIS C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Judson, MA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 2001 VL 119 IS 5 BP 1586 EP 1589 DI 10.1378/chest.119.5.1586 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 432TH UT WOS:000168711400044 PM 11348971 ER PT J AU Jellen, LK McCarroll, JE Thayer, LE AF Jellen, LK McCarroll, JE Thayer, LE TI Child emotional maltreatment: a 2-year study of US Army cases SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE child abuse; emotional abuse; military; epidemiology; spouse abuse ID PSYCHOLOGICAL MALTREATMENT; INTERPARENTAL VIOLENCE; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; TRAUMA SCALE; ABUSE; ADJUSTMENT; WITNESSES; COMMUNITY; FAMILY; IMPACT AB Objective: Reports of childhood emotional maltreatment have increased greatly over the past decade. The objective of this research was to determine the types of emotional maltreatment substantiated in a community of US Army families residing temporarily in Germany. Such a description may help to improve the understanding of how a jurisdictional body defines emotional maltreatment in day-to-day practice. Method: Data were obtained from a review of the minutes of case review committees (CRCs) for 181 cases of child emotional abuse in 1997-1998. We determined the type, number, and severity of incidents, the substantiation rate, and the situations to which children were exposed. Results: The most frequently substantiated type of incident was witnessing domestic violence, 60% of all cases. Primary emotional abuse was found in 26% of cases, while emotional abuse in conjunction with child physical abuse or child neglect was found in 14% of cases. The more severe the case, the more likely it was to be substantiated. Conclusions: Emotional maltreatment was substantiated more as a single type than in combination with other forms of maltreatment. Seeing emotional abuse as a single entity may allow clinicians to focus on a relationship or situation (such as spouse abuse) that is potentially harmful to a child, However, recognizing the emotionally abusive aspects of child physical abuse and neglect could allow an expanded treatment plan that could include treatment of the emotionally abusive behavior to strengthen the relationship of the caregiver to the child, in addition to the focus on the physical abuse and neglect. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Social Work Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Jellen, LK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Social Work Serv, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2134 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 25 IS 5 BP 623 EP 639 DI 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00231-9 PG 17 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA 435LK UT WOS:000168882800003 PM 11428425 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Jongsakul, K Watt, G AF Walsh, DS Jongsakul, K Watt, G TI Hand rash in trichinosis SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Immunol, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), AFRIMS, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6938 J9 CLIN EXP DERMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 26 IS 3 BP 272 EP 273 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2001.00813.x PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 446CV UT WOS:000169496100011 PM 11422173 ER PT J AU Gama, BA Bogetti, TA Fink, BK Yu, CJ Claar, TD Eifert, HH Gillespie, JW AF Gama, BA Bogetti, TA Fink, BK Yu, CJ Claar, TD Eifert, HH Gillespie, JW TI Aluminum foam integral armor: a new dimension in armor design SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Design and Manufacturing of Composite Structures CY NOV 05-10, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE closed-cell aluminum foam; composite integral armor (CIA); stress wave propagation; multi-step processing; ballistic testing; dynamic deflection ID COMPOSITE ARMORS; CERAMIC TARGETS; NORMAL IMPACT; PERFORMANCE; PERFORATION; PENETRATION; BEHAVIOR; DEFEAT; TILES AB Closed-cell aluminum foam offers a unique combination of properties such as low density, high stiffness, strength and energy absorption that can be tailored through design of the microstructure. During ballistic impact, the foam exhibits significant nonlinear deformation and stress wave attenuation. Composite structural armor panels containing closed-cell aluminum foam are impacted with 20-mm fragment-simulating projectiles (FSP). One-dimensional plane strain finite element analysis (FEA) of stress wave propagation is performed to understand the dynamic response and deformation mechanisms. The FEA results correlate well with the experimental observation that aluminum foam can delay and attenuate stress waves. It is identified that the aluminum foam transmits an insignificant amount of stress pulse before complete densification. The ballistic performance of aluminum foam-based composite integral armor (CIA) is compared with the baseline integral armor of equivalent areal-density by impacting panels with 20-mm FSP. A comparative damage study reveals that the aluminum foam armor has finer ceramic fracture and less volumetric delamination of the composite backing plate as compared to the baseline. The aluminum foam armors also showed less dynamic deflection of the backing plate than the baseline. These attributes of the aluminum foam in integral armor system add a new dimension in the design of lightweight armor for the future armored vehicles. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Fraunhofer USA Ctr Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Gama, BA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 49 TC 104 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 52 IS 3-4 BP 381 EP 395 DI 10.1016/S0263-8223(01)00029-0 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 433HK UT WOS:000168753800013 ER PT J AU Lavery, JE AF Lavery, JE TI Shape-preserving, multiscale interpolation by bi- and multivariate cubic L-1 splines SO COMPUTER AIDED GEOMETRIC DESIGN LA English DT Article DE bivariate interpolation; cubic spline; multiscale; multivariate interpolation; shape preservation ID SCATTERED DATA INTERPOLATION; PIECEWISE BICUBIC INTERPOLATION; MULTIQUADRIC INTERPOLATION; MONOTONE; APPROXIMATION; VARIABLES; ALGORITHM; SURFACES AB We introduce a class of bi- and multivariate cubic L-1 interpolating splines. the coefficients of which are calculated by minimizing the sum of the L-1 norms of second derivatives. The focus is mainly on bivariate cubic L-1 splines for C-1 interpolation of data located at the nodes of a tenser-product grid. These L-1 splines preserve the shape of data even when the data have abrupt changes in magnitude or spacing. Extensions to interpolation of regularly spaced and scattered bi-and multivariate data by cubic and higher-degree surfaces/hypersurfaces on regular and irregular rectangular/quadrilateral/hexahedral and triangular/tetrahedral grids are outlined. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Comp & Informat Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lavery, JE (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Comp & Informat Sci Div, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM lavery@arl.aro.army.mil NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8396 J9 COMPUT AIDED GEOM D JI Comput. Aided Geom. Des. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 18 IS 4 BP 321 EP 343 DI 10.1016/S0167-8396(01)00034-6 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 434BL UT WOS:000168795200003 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, AC Thomas, ML Morse, BC AF Wilkinson, AC Thomas, ML Morse, BC TI Evaluation of a transdermal fentanyl system in yucatan miniature pigs SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PAIN; MANAGEMENT; PATCH; DOGS AB Of 18 pigs used on a coronary stent experimental protocol, 6 each received a transdermal fentanyl patch to document the patterns of transdermal fentanyl absorption in swine. This approach was taken to reduce animal use and potentially refine the surgical regimen. The objective of the fentanyl portion of the study was to demonstrate that transdermal fentanyl may be useful in the management of postoperative analgesia in swine. This study sought to document that demonstrable levels of fentanyl are achievable in swine plasma via a transdermal system and to compare the magnitude of these levels to data in other species. This study does not directly correlate plasma fentanyl levels with analgesic efficacy. Plasma fentanyl concentration peaked within 42 h in five pigs and within 48 h in the remaining pig. All pigs had similar absorption patterns; the only difference was in magnitude, One pig reached 0.99 ng/ml at 42 h; the next highest concentration was 0.77 ng/ml at 48 h in a different animal. The peak concentration in the others ranged from 0.38 to 0.71 ng/ml. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Lab Anim Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIH, Vet Resources Program, Off Res Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wilkinson, AC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Lab Anim Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 40 IS 3 BP 12 EP 16 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 435XC UT WOS:000168906600003 PM 11353518 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Sethabutr, O Nirdnoy, W Katz, DE Pang, LW AF Houng, HSH Sethabutr, O Nirdnoy, W Katz, DE Pang, LW TI Development of a ceuE-based multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for direct detection and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Thailand SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter coli; polymerase chain reaction (PCR); ceuE locus; hippurate hydrolysis; quinolone antibiotics resistance ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RESISTANCE; AMPLIFICATION; SHIGELLA; SEQUENCE; FECES AB A novel ceuE-based multiplex PCR system was developed as an efficient diagnostics test to detect and differentiate C. jejuni and C, coil. There is no cross reactivity between C. jejuni and C. coli. In addition, the assay does not produce a positive signal from other enteric bacteria including Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli strains. Campylobacter detection sensitivity was determined to be equivalent to previously reported PCR for other enteric bacteria. We also noticed that silicon dioxide extraction can improve Campylobacter detection sensitivity from infected stool samples. It was demonstrated that the PCR assay developed in this study had a much better Campylobacter detection rate than the traditional culturing method (77% versus 56%). However, we also identified small numbers of culture positive stools (8%, or 16 out of 202 samples) that did not yield PCR positive results for Campylobacter. These PCR negative/culture positive stools were proven to be inhibitory to PCR amplification. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 40 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(01)00251-6 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 450XL UT WOS:000169770100003 PM 11448558 ER PT J AU Croce, F Persi, L Scrosati, B Serraino-Fiory, F Plichta, E Hendrickson, MA AF Croce, F Persi, L Scrosati, B Serraino-Fiory, F Plichta, E Hendrickson, MA TI Role of the ceramic fillers in enhancing the transport properties of composite polymer electrolytes SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE ceramic fillers; transport properties; nanocomposite polymer electrolytes AB A model to account for the role of the ceramic fillers in enhancing the transport properties of PEG-based composite polymer electrolytes is here proposed. The model is supported by a series of specifically addressed electrochemical tests which included the determination of the conductivity and of the lithium transference number of various composite electrolyte samples differing from the type of the surface states of the ceramic filler. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ La Sapienza, Dipartimento Chim, Sez Electrochim, I-00185 Rome, Italy. USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Scrosati, B (reprint author), Univ La Sapienza, Dipartimento Chim, Sez Electrochim, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RI Croce, Fausto/J-8193-2012 NR 9 TC 299 Z9 308 U1 10 U2 87 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 16 BP 2457 EP 2461 DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00458-3 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 438FV UT WOS:000169043700002 ER PT J AU Bauer, AJ Francis, GL Poth, M AF Bauer, AJ Francis, GL Poth, M TI Review of precocious puberty: Part III - Premature thelarche and premature adrenarche. Variations of normal? SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; CARIBBEAN-HISPANIC GIRLS; REDUCED FETAL GROWTH; TERM FOLLOW-UP; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; NATURAL-HISTORY; 21-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY AB It has been recently recommended that puberty be considered early if it begins before age 6 in African-American girls and before age 7 in Caucasian girls. Although this recommendation is based on a substantial clinical study, concerns re main as to whether the now larger population of girls defined as normal contains individuals with a pathologic process as part of their early development. Important questions also arise as to the mechanisms for earlier puberty and potential health consequences of earlier sexual maturation. This paper will review the new definitions proposed for the onset of normal puberty and will review recent developments regarding the clinical course, potential complications, and proposed molecular mechanisms for premature thelarche and adrenarche. While investigators continue to search for the underlying pathophysiology for these clinical findings, it seems prudent to continue to evaluate girls presenting with early pubertal signs and to provide close clinical follow up for potential long term complications. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Poth, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 66 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 11 IS 3 BP 196 EP 203 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 442RU UT WOS:000169299400006 ER PT J AU Taylor, MKF Bojescul, JA Howard, RS Mizel, MS McHale, KA AF Taylor, MKF Bojescul, JA Howard, RS Mizel, MS McHale, KA TI Measurement of isolated subtalar range of motion: A cadaver study SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE ankle; subtalar joint; bubble inclinometer; measurement ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; STRESS RADIOGRAPHY; REARFOOT MOTION; JOINT; ANKLE; RELIABILITY; INSTABILITY; KINEMATICS; STABILITY; POSITION AB Fifteen fresh-frozen cadaveric lower extremities were studied to evaluate the reliability of measuring subtalar motion using a bubble inclinometer. There was high intra-observer reliability for manual inversion and eversion of the subtalar joint with the tibiotalar joint locked and unlocked. Poor correlation of radiographic and clinical measurements questioned the validity of bubble inclinometer measurements. The contribution of the tibiotalar joint to apparent subtalar motion., as measured clinically and radiographically, was found to be one-third of the arc of motion, as compared to motion measured clinically and radiographically with the tibiotalar joint locked. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Miami, FL 33101 USA. RP Taylor, MKF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 22 IS 5 BP 426 EP 432 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 583MB UT WOS:000177410700011 ER PT J AU Sisk, CM Chamberlin, W Rholl, VL Rholl, JC AF Sisk, CM Chamberlin, W Rholl, VL Rholl, JC TI Acute recurring pancreatitis: a manifestation of duodenal amyloid deposition. Case report and review SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Sisk, CM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 53 IS 6 BP 656 EP 657 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.113276 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 428DN UT WOS:000168446200025 PM 11323599 ER PT J AU Fincher, RK Wong, RKH Osgard, EM AF Fincher, RK Wong, RKH Osgard, EM TI Oral preparations for flexible sigmoidoscopy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Fincher, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 53 IS 6 BP 698 EP 699 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.114416 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 428DN UT WOS:000168446200042 PM 11323615 ER PT J AU Nycum, LR Smith, LM Farley, JH Kost, ER Method, MW Birrer, MJ AF Nycum, LR Smith, LM Farley, JH Kost, ER Method, MW Birrer, MJ TI The role of p27 in endometrial carcinoma SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; endometrial cancer; Kip 1; immunohistochemistry ID KINASE INHIBITOR P27; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; GROWTH ARREST; CYCLIN E-CDK2; P27(KIP1); EXPRESSION; PROTEIN AB Objective. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 has been shown to mediate cell growth arrest in response to various environmental stimuli. p27 protein levels have shown prognostic value in several different types of cancer. We examined the prognostic value of p27 protein expression in endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic malignancy. Methods. A total of 95 paraffin-embedded tumor blocks were obtained and stained via immunohistochemical techniques with a monoclonal antibody against p27. Ten high-power fields were evaluated per slide with at least 1000 cells per slide and two slides per specimen evaluated by two reviewers for nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. The specimens were evaluated for associations with age, stage, grade, and histology. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t test, chi (2) Kaplan-Meier, and likelihood ratios to assess the data and to generate P values. Results. A total of 91 patients met inclusion criteria for statistical analysis. Fifty-three patients were stage I, 13 stage II, 14 stage III and 11 stage IV with a positive stain (> 50% of cells) for p27 obtained in 32.1, 23.1, 35.7, and 36.4%, respectively (Student t test P = 0.77). Survival data were available on 24 advanced stage patients. 027 protein immunostaining showed no association with patient survival. We also found no association of p27 staining with age or histology. Notably, we found a trend in increasing staining: with increase in grade, particularly with stage I patients. Also, there was an association of the nuclear and cytoplasmic staining and stage (P = 0.05), but it had no correlation with patient survival. Conclusion. Our study showed decreased p27 protein staining in endometrial cancers compared to normal endometrial cells. We found that p27 protein staining shows no association with stage, age, or histology and is not prognostic for survival in advanced endometrial cancers. However, there may be a trend associated with increased p27 protein staining with advanced grades of tumors. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 NCI, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. Keesler AF, Med Ctr, Biloxi, MS USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, TAMC, HI USA. Colorado State Univ, Washington, DC USA. David Grant Med Ctr, Travis AFB, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rockville, MD USA. RP Nycum, LR (reprint author), NCI, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 81 IS 2 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.1006/gyno.2001.6144 PG 5 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 431QV UT WOS:000168642800021 PM 11330957 ER PT J AU Schloegel, K Karypis, G Kumar, V AF Schloegel, K Karypis, G Kumar, V TI Wavefront diffusion and LMSR: Algorithms for dynamic repartitioning of adaptive meshes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE dynamic graph partitioning; multilevel diffusion; scratch-remap; wavefront diffusion; LMSR; adaptive mesh computations ID UNSTRUCTURED MESHES; LOAD; SCHEMES; GRAPHS; GRIDS AB Current multilevel repartitioning schemes tend to perform well on certain types of problems while obtaining worse results for other types of problems. We present two new multilevel algorithms for repartitioning adaptive meshes that improve the performance of multilevel schemes for the types of problems that current schemes perform poorly while maintaining similar or better results for those problems that current schemes perform well. Specifically, we present a new scratch-remap scheme called Locally-matched multilevel Scratch-remap (or simply LMSR) for repartitioning of adaptive meshes. LMSR tries to compute a high-quality partitioning that has a large amount of overlap with the original partitioning. We show that LMSR generally decreases the data redistribution costs required to balance the load compared to current scratch-remap schemes. We present a new diffusion-based scheme that we refer to as Wavefront Diffusion. In Wavefront Diffusion, the flow of vertices moves in a wavefront from overweight to underweight subdomains. We show that Wavefront Diffusion obtains significantly lower data redistribution costs while maintaining similar or better edge-cut results compared to existing diffusion algorithms. We also compare Wavefront Diffusion with LMSR and show that these provide a trade-off between edge-cut and data redistribution costs for a wide range of problems. Our experimental results on a Gray T3E, an IBM SP2, and a cluster of Pentium Pro workstations show that both schemes are fast and scalable. For example, both are capable of repartitioning a seven million vertex graph in under three seconds on 128 processors of a Gray T3E. Our schemes obtained relative speedups of between nine and 12 when the number of processors was increased by a factor of 16 on a Gray T3E. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Schloegel, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, 4-192 EE CS Bldg,200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 12 IS 5 BP 451 EP 466 DI 10.1109/71.926167 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 432KH UT WOS:000168690400002 ER PT J AU Venkatesan, MM Goldberg, MB Rose, DJ Grotbeck, EJ Burland, V Blattner, FR AF Venkatesan, MM Goldberg, MB Rose, DJ Grotbeck, EJ Burland, V Blattner, FR TI Complete DNA sequence and analysis of the large virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; GROUP-II INTRON; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; INCFII PLASMID-NR1; BASIC REPLICON; ANTIGEN GENES; IN-VITRO; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS AB The complete sequence analysis of the 210-kb Shigella flexneri 5a virulence plasmid was determined. Shigella spp. cause dysentery and diarrhea by invasion and spread through the colonic mucosa. Most of the known Shigella virulence determinants are encoded on a large plasmid that is unique to virulent strains of shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli; these known genes account for approximately 30 to 35% of the virulence plasmid. In the complete sequence of the virulence plasmid, 286 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. An astonishing 153 (53%) of these were related to known and putative insertion sequence (IS) elements; no known bacterial plasmid has previously been described with such a high proportion of IS elements. Pour new IS elements were identified. Fifty putative proteins show no significant homology to proteins of known function; of these, 18 have a G+C content of less than 40%, typical of known virulence genes on the plasmid. These 18 constitute potentially unknown virulence genes, Two alleles of shet2 and five alleles of ipaH were also identified on the plasmid, Thus, the plasmid sequence suggests a remarkable history of IS mediated acquisition of DNA across bacterial species. The complete sequence sill permit targeted characterization of potential new Shigella virulence determinants. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Venkatesan, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Forney Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Malabi.Venkatesan@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL; mgoldberg1@partners.org FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43562] NR 75 TC 122 Z9 182 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 69 IS 5 BP 3271 EP 3285 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.5.3271-3285.2001 PG 15 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 423CT UT WOS:000168158400063 PM 11292750 ER PT J AU Xu, LL Su, YP Labiche, R Segawa, T Shanmugam, N McLeod, DG Moul, JW Srivastava, S AF Xu, LL Su, YP Labiche, R Segawa, T Shanmugam, N McLeod, DG Moul, JW Srivastava, S TI Quantitative expression profile of androgen-regulated genes in prostate cancer cells and identification of prostate-specific genes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE androgen-regulated genes : SAGE : LNCaP cells; prostate-specific genes ID RNA-BINDING-PROTEIN; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SERIAL ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; CARCINOMA-CELLS; ANTIGEN; RECEPTOR; RAT; APOPTOSIS; INHIBITOR AB Quantitative expression profile of androgen-regulated genes (ARGs) was evaluated in the hormone-responsive prostate cancer cell line LNCaP by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), A total of 83,489 SAGE tags representing 23,448 known genes or expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 1,655 potentially novel sequences have unraveled the transcriptome of LNCaP cells. the most common cell line used in prostate cancer research, Comparison of transcripts between control and R1881-treated LNCaP cells revealed the induction of 136 genes and repression of 215 genes in response to androgen (p < 0.05), Strikingly, a high fraction (90%.) of ARGs identified in our study has not been described as ARGs previously. A number of prostate-specific transcription factors were among the ARGs identified here, Classification of the ARGs on the basis of biochemical functions revealed that a great majority of ARGs identified in our experimental system appear to be involved in regulation of transcription, splicing, ribosomal biogenesis, mitogenesis, bioenergetics and redox processes. One of the novel aspects of androgen signaling included androgen regulation of genes involved in DNA repair/recombination process. By comparing our LNCaP-C and LNCaP-T SAGE libraries with SAGE tag libraries available at the NCBI-SAGE website, we have identified >200 potential prostate specific/abundant transcripts. The discovery of new prostate-specific genes and ARGs provides a unique opportunity to determine the role of these genes in prostate cell growth, differentiation and tumorigenesis. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss. Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, CPDR, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Srivastava, S (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, CPDR, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 57 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 92 IS 3 BP 322 EP 328 DI 10.1002/ijc.1196 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 417TZ UT WOS:000167851400003 PM 11291065 ER PT J AU Turiansky, GW Levin, SW AF Turiansky, GW Levin, SW TI Bluish patches on the ears and axillae with dark urine: ochronosis and alkaptonuria SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE; ACID AB A 45-year-old white woman presented with a 3-year history of bluish discoloration of her ears (Fig. 1). The patient had noted a bluish-black staining of the armpit areas of her clothing for the prior 6 months. A review of systems and past medical history were significant for a history of constant right lower back pain and bilateral knee pain for approximately 1 year. A review of medications revealed dally use of conjugated estrogens and multivitamins and Intermittent use of ibuprofen. A review of her family history revealed that a sister was affected with the same disorder, but the spouse and children were not. The patient's parents were not known to be consanguineous. Mucocutaneous examination was significant for bluish-black patches on the ears in areas overlying cartilage. Larger bluish patches were also noted in the axillary vaults. Cardiac, ophthalmologic, and dental examinations were normal. An echocardiogram was normal. Orthopedic evaluation revealed limited spinal range of motion. Examination of lumbosacral X-rays revealed marked degenerative disc disease at the T12-S1 levels and anterior osteophytosis at the T11-L2 levels. A bilateral knee X-ray series was normal. Complete blood count and serum chemistries were normal. A urine sample darkened upon standing for 1 day (Fig. 2, left side) as compared to a fresh urine specimen (Fig. 2, right side). A 0.5 cm(3) urine sample turned black immediately upon addition of 5 cm(3) of silver nitrate solution (3 g/100 cm(3)) and alkalinization with three drops of dilute ammonia. Punch biopsy of the left ear demonstrated both degenerative change and focal yellow-brown pigmentation of the cartilage (Fig. 3). A qualitative assay for urinary homogentisic acid (HGA) was positive (Fishberg test) (Fishberg EH. The instantaneous diagnosis of alkaptonuria. on a single drop of urine. JAMA 1942; 119: 882). The presence of large amounts of urinary HGA was confirmed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Turiansky, GW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, 6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 40 IS 5 BP 333 EP 335 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01122.x PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 473QV UT WOS:000171060000007 PM 11554996 ER PT J AU Zukas, JA Scheffler, DR AF Zukas, JA Scheffler, DR TI Impact effects in multilayered plates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE numerical simulation; Eulerian methods; Lagrangian methods; finite elements; finite differences; high-velocity impact; shock waves; multilayered plates AB This paper presents results of numerical simulations of impact effects in monoblock and multilayered plates using both Lagrangian and Eulerian wave propagation codes. It is found that Lagrangian simulations compare favorably with experimental and analytical results. Euler codes, while ideal for large distortion situations such as penetration, have great difficulty in describing multiplate perforation due primarily to problems with the interface treatment in Euler codes. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Computat Mech Consultants Inc, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,TC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zukas, JA (reprint author), Computat Mech Consultants Inc, POB 11314, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 38 IS 19 BP 3321 EP 3328 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(00)00260-2 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 419QX UT WOS:000167961100003 ER PT J AU Kahn, D Kim, KW Stroscio, MA AF Kahn, D Kim, KW Stroscio, MA TI Quantized vibrational modes of nanospheres and nanotubes in the elastic continuum model SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM-DOT; CARBON NANOTUBES; MICROTUBULES AB The properties of nanoscale spheres and tubes are of recent interest due to the discovery of the fullerene molecule and the carbon nanotube. These carbon structures can be modeled as nanoscale spherical or cylindrical shells. In this article, these nanostructures are treated in the thin shell approximation with the elastic properties taken to be those of the graphene sheet. A quantization prescription is applied to the classical elastic modes to facilitate the first calculations of the quantum-mechanical normalizations of selected modes. These modes are shown to be amenable to the study of electron-phonon interactions. Indeed, electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonians are derived. Moreover, it is shown for such a tube of finite length that the electron-phonon interaction strength depends on the axial position. As a special case it is shown that the dispersion relation for the clamped tube depends on the length of the tube. In this article we consider both the vibrational frequencies and the mode quantization for both spherical shell and the nanotube using realistic material parameters. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kahn, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 25 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 9 BP 5107 EP 5111 DI 10.1063/1.1356429 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 422QE UT WOS:000168130100065 ER PT J AU DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE AF DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE TI Mapping stress-induced changes in autoinducer AI-2 production in chemostat-cultivated Escherichia coli K-12 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; CELL-DIVISION GENES; FED-BATCH CULTURES; HEAT-SHOCK; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; ABNORMAL PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB Numerous gram-negative bacteria employ a cell-to-cell signaling mechanism, termed quorum sensing, for controlling gene expression in response to population density. Recently, this phenomenon has been discovered in Escherichia coli, and while pathogenic E. coti utilize quorum sensing to regulate pathogenesis (i.e., expression of virulence genes), the role of quorum sensing in nonpathogenic E. coli is less clear, and in particular, there is no information regarding the role of quorum sensing during the overexpression of recombinant proteins. The production of autoinducer AI-2, a signaling molecule employed by E. coli for intercellular communication, was studied in E. coli W3110 chemostat cultures using a Vibrio harveyi AI-2 reporter assay (M. G, Surrette and B, L. Bassler, Proc. Natl, Acad. Sci. USA 95:7046-7050, 1998). Chemostat cultures enabled a study of AI-2 regulation through steady-state and transient responses to a variety of environmental stimuli. Results demonstrated that AI-2 levels increased with the steady-state culture growth rate. In addition, AI-2 increased following pulsed addition of glucose, Fe(III), NaCl, and dithiothreitol and decreased following aerobiosis, amino acid starvation, and isopropyl-beta -D-thiogalactopyranaside-induced expression of human interleukin-2 (hIL-2), In general, the AI-2 responses to several perturbations were indicative of a shift in metabolic activity or state of the cells induced by the individual stress. Because of our interest in the expression of heterologous proteins in E. coli, the transcription of four quorum-regulated genes and 20 stress genes was mapped during the transient response to induced expression of hIL-2. Significant regulatory overlap was revealed among several stress and starvation genes and known quorum-sensing genes. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI DeLisa, Matthew/0000-0003-3226-1566 NR 60 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 183 IS 9 BP 2918 EP 2928 DI 10.1128/JB.183.9.2918-2928.2001 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 421UM UT WOS:000168082000025 PM 11292813 ER PT J AU Tripp, HF Sees, DW Lisagor, PG Cohen, DJ AF Tripp, HF Sees, DW Lisagor, PG Cohen, DJ TI Is phrenic nerve dysfunction after cardiac surgery related to internal mammary harvesting? SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Background: Although many surgeons feel that internal mammary artery (IMA) harvesting is a risk factor for phrenic nerve dysfunction (PND) following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG), objective data confirming this are lacking. We sought to compare two groups of cardiac surgical patients to determine if an association exists between IMA harvesting and PND following CABG. Methods: Using inpatient medical records and chest radiographs, we performed a retrospective analysis of 25 consecutive CABG patients and 25 consecutive valve procedure patients in order to compare the incidence of PND following cardiac surgery with and without IMA harvesting. Results: Two patients were excluded: Thirty-one patients underwent IMA harvesting as part of their procedure, of whom 42% had PND evidenced on postextubation chest X-ray. Seventeen patients did not have IMA harvesting, and the incidence of PND in this group was 12% (p = 0.05). Both groups were similar in preoperative variables and operative techniques. Conclusion: This study suggests IMA harvesting is indeed a risk factor for PND following CABG. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tripp, HF (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Thorac Surg, Box 3043, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM tripp014@mc.duke.edu NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL FUTURA PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 01248-5018 USA SN 0886-0440 J9 J CARDIAC SURG JI J. Card. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 16 IS 3 BP 228 EP 231 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2001.tb00512.x PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA V3376 UT WOS:000186228400007 PM 11824668 ER PT J AU Hidalgo, M Aylesworth, C Hammond, LA Britten, CD Weiss, G Stephenson, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Smith, L Molpus, K Felton, S Gupta, E Ferrante, KJ Tortora, A Sonnichsen, DS Skillings, J Rowinsky, EK AF Hidalgo, M Aylesworth, C Hammond, LA Britten, CD Weiss, G Stephenson, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Smith, L Molpus, K Felton, S Gupta, E Ferrante, KJ Tortora, A Sonnichsen, DS Skillings, J Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of BMS-184476, a taxane with greater potency and solubility than paclitaxel SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-18, 1999 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol ID CREMOPHOR-EL; NONLINEAR PHARMACOKINETICS; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS; TAXOL; DOXORUBICIN; DOCETAXEL; SCHEDULE; VEHICLE; HUMANS; VITRO AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of BMS-184476 administered as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of BMS-184476 as a 1 hour IV infusion every 3 weeks without premedication to prevent hypersensitivity reactions (HSR). Plasma sampling and urine collections were performed to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BMS-184474. Results: Thirty-four patients were treated with 78 courses of EMS-184476 at five dose levels ranging from 20 to 80 mg/m(2). Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), consisting of severe neutropenia with fever, severe diarrhea, and/or severe mucositis, was experienced during course 1 by six of nine minimally pretreated patients treated at the 70 and 80 mg/m(2) dose level. In contrast, of 15 assessable patients treated at the 60 mg/m(2) dose level, which is the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of EMS-184476 on this administration schedule, only one heavily pretreated patient developed DLT (grade 4 neutropenia with fever and grade 3 diarrhea). One patient developed a grade 2 HSR during a second course of BMS-184476 at the 40 mg/m(2) dose level. A previously untreated patient with an advanced cholangiocarcinoma experienced a partial response, and a patient with an untreated carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction herd a minor response. The pharmacokinetics of BMS-184476 seemed linear in the dose range studied. mean a SD values for clearance, volume of distribution at steady-state, and terminal half-life were 220 a 89 ml/min/m(2), 402 +/- 231 L/m(2), and 40.8 +/- 21.8 hours, respectively. Conclusion: The MTD and recommended dose for phase II evaluations of BMS-184476 is 60 mg/m(2) as a 1-hour IV infusion every 3 weeks. The results of this study suggest that BMS-184476 may have several advantages compared with paclitaxel in terms of toxicity, pharmacokinetics, pharmaceutics, and administration and warrants further clinical development. J Clin Oncol 19:2493-2503. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Wallingford, Oxon, England. RP Hidalgo, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7884, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI HIDALGO, MANUEL/I-4995-2015 OI HIDALGO, MANUEL/0000-0002-3765-3318 FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR01346] NR 26 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 9 BP 2493 EP 2503 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 428WE UT WOS:000168484000015 PM 11331328 ER PT J AU Liang, S Sheng, H Liu, Y Huo, Z Lu, Y Shen, H AF Liang, S Sheng, H Liu, Y Huo, Z Lu, Y Shen, H TI ZnO Schottky ultraviolet photodetectors SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th American Conference on Crystal Growth and Epitaxy CY AUG 13-18, 2000 CL VAIL, COLORADO SP NASA Micrograv Res Div, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Adv Ceram Corp, Bicron, Crystal Assoc Inc, Crystal Syst Inc, Delron Crystal Ind Inc, Engelhard CLAL LP, Engis Corp, Sawyer Res Prod, Sensors Unltd Inc, S Bay Technol, ThermCraft, II VI Inc, Tyco Electr DE metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; ZnO; semiconducting IIVI materials; photodetector ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FILMS; DETECTORS; SAPPHIRE AB We present the results of Schottky UV photodetectors fabricated on n-tyPe ZnO epitaxial films. The ZnO films were grown on R-plane sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors were fabricated by using Ag os Schottky contact metal. For comparison, ZnO photoconductive detectors were also fabricated by using Al as ohmic contact metal. 1 V characteristics of these devices were analyzed. At a reverse bias of 1V, the circular Schottky photodiode exhibits a leakage current approximately 5 orders of magnitude smaller than that of its photoconductive counterpart. The photoresponsivity of the ZnO Schottky type MSM UV detector is 1.5 A/W and the leakage current is about 1 nA at 5 V bias. The detector shows a fast photoresponse component with a rise time of 12 ns and a hill time of 50 ns. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lu, Y (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 10 TC 619 Z9 670 U1 28 U2 269 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAY PY 2001 VL 225 IS 2-4 BP 110 EP 113 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(01)00830-2 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 444HP UT WOS:000169394300003 ER PT J AU Singh, NB Suhre, D Gupta, N Rosch, W Gottlieb, M AF Singh, NB Suhre, D Gupta, N Rosch, W Gottlieb, M TI Performance of TAS crystal for AOTF imaging SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th American Conference on Crystal Growth and Epitaxy CY AUG 13-18, 2000 CL VAIL, COLORADO SP NASA Micrograv Res Div, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Adv Ceram Corp, Bicron, Crystal Assoc Inc, Crystal Syst Inc, Delron Crystal Ind Inc, Engelhard CLAL LP, Engis Corp, Sawyer Res Prod, Sensors Unltd Inc, S Bay Technol, ThermCraft, II VI Inc, Tyco Electr DE Bridgman technique; acousto-optic materials; nonlinear optical devices ID ACOUSTOOPTIC TUNABLE FILTERS AB A large thallium arsenic selenide, Tl3AsSe3 (TAS) crystal was grown by the Bridgman method for acousto-optic imaging application. An as-grown 38 mm diameter crystal was cut, polished and fabricated into 4.5 cm long acoustooptic tunable filter (AOTF) in a 12.0 degrees orientation of the transducer to the c-axis to achieve the power and resolution requirements. The fabricated AOTF was tested and measurements were obtained using a waveguide CO2 laser at 10.6 mum, where the beam was attenuated by diffuse reflection off a rough target placed about 2 m from the AOTF. The spectral response showed that the curve basically follows the predicted sinc(2) pattern, with a FWHM resolution of 8cm(-1), and a peak response at 13.25 MHz. The measurements were performed at lower powers, and scaled to an efficiency of 27% at 200mW/cm(2). By comparison, the theory gives 33.5% at 200mW/cm(2) of acoustic power. If a power of 300 mW/cm(2) is applied, theoretically 51% efficiency will be achieved at 10 mum. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Northrop Grumman Corp, ESSS, Ctr Sci & Technol, Linthicum, MD 21203 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Singh, NB (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Corp, ESSS, Ctr Sci & Technol, ATL-3D14,1212 Winterson Rd, Linthicum, MD 21203 USA. RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 6 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAY PY 2001 VL 225 IS 2-4 BP 124 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(01)00833-8 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 444HP UT WOS:000169394300006 ER PT J AU Gaston, BA West, LA Liewehr, FR Fernandes, C Pashley, DH AF Gaston, BA West, LA Liewehr, FR Fernandes, C Pashley, DH TI Evaluation of regional bond strength of resin cement to endodontic surfaces SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID DENTIN; AREA; COMPOSITE AB The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of adapting a new microtensile testing technique to measure resin cement bond strengths to the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of root canals. Post spaces were created in extracted human teeth, and the roots were ground flat on one side to expose the canal and permit ideal placement of one of two resin cements (Panavia 21 or C&B Meta-bond). After 48 h of storage, serial l-mm-thick cross-sections were cut to create 6-10 specimens per root. The first three specimens were from the cervical third, the next three were from the middle third, and the last three were from the apical third of the root. Each 1 x 1 x 8 mm specimen was pulled to failure in a miniature testing machine. The results indicated that both resin cements produced high bond strengths (12-23 MPa), and that bond strengths to the apical third were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than to the cervical or middle third with either cement. This new method shows promise for evaluating resin bond strengths within root canals. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Sch Dent, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, DENTAC, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Fed Univ Ceara, Fac Dent, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RP Pashley, DH (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Sch Dent, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 06427] NR 12 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 27 IS 5 BP 321 EP 324 DI 10.1097/00004770-200105000-00001 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 428AW UT WOS:000168439800001 PM 11485248 ER PT J AU Bedey, DF Watkins, BJ AF Bedey, DF Watkins, BJ TI Simultaneous observations of thin ion layers and the ionospheric electric field over Sondrestrom SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPORADIC E-LAYERS; POLAR-CAP IONOSPHERE; IONIZATION LAYERS; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; HIGH-LATITUDES; METALLIC-IONS; RADAR; DIRECTION; IRON AB We present the results of a series of incoherent-scatter radar experiments conducted at Sondrestrom, a high-latitude station (invariant latitude, 73.9 degrees) over the period August 1994 through August 1998. A novel radar mode was employed that allowed simultaneous observation of the structure of thin ion layers along the geomagnetic meridian and of the accompanying ionospheric electric field; however, only layers with peak densities exceeding similar to1 x 10(5) cm(-3) could be detected. Layers were observed during 31 out of 85 experiments for a total of 43 distinct events. The overall objective of this investigation was to examine the limits of the current theory of layer formation. Several features are evident in the data: (1) individual layers tend to be "patchy" in both a spatial and a temporal sense; (2) the direction of the ionospheric electric field when layers were observed is consistent with theory, but for northwesterly fields the layers form similar to 10 km lower than expected; (3) variation in a layer's altitude along the geomagnetic meridian can often be correlated to corresponding variation in the direction of the electric field; (4) layers tend to appear when the electric field suddenly changes in direction, magnitude, or both and then remain steady; and (5) layers often disappear from the field of view despite the continued existence of a favorable electric field. We suggest that the altitude discrepancy alluded to in item 2 may result from a systematic error in the model for ion-neutral collision frequency widely employed in studies of thin metallic-ion layers. We also suggest that horizontal drift of layer structures may play an important role in explaining items 3 and 5, which are otherwise difficult to reconcile with the prevailing theory. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Bedey, DF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 106 IS A5 BP 8169 EP 8183 DI 10.1029/2000JA000164 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 428VL UT WOS:000168482300008 ER PT J AU Gaines, RA Maynord, ST AF Gaines, RA Maynord, ST TI Microscale loose-bed hydraulic models SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article C1 USA Corps Engineers, Memphis, TN USA. US Engineer Res Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Gaines, RA (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Memphis Dist, Memphis, TN USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2001 VL 127 IS 5 BP 335 EP 338 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2001)127:5(335) PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 425UW UT WOS:000168310900002 ER PT J AU Herndon, TM Shan, XCC Tsokos, GC Wange, RL AF Herndon, TM Shan, XCC Tsokos, GC Wange, RL TI ZAP-70 and SLP-76 regulate protein kinase C-theta and NF-kappa B activation in response to engagement of CD3 and CD28 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RECEPTOR; VAV PROTOONCOGENE PRODUCT; SYK FAMILY KINASES; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; ANTIGEN-RECEPTOR; LYMPHOCYTES-T; PKC-THETA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ADAPTER PROTEINS AB The transcription factor NF-KB is a critical regulator of T cell function that becomes strongly activated in response to coengagement of TCR and CD28. Although events immediately proximal to NF-kappaB activation are well understood, uncertainty remains over which upstream signaling pathways engaged by TCR and CD28 lead to NF-kappaB activation. By using Jurkat T cell lines that are deficient or replete for either the protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 or the cytosolic adapter molecule SLP-76, the role of these proteins in modulating NF-kappaB activation was examined. NF-kappaB was not activated in response to coengagement of TCR and CD28 in either the ZAP-70- or SLP-76-negative cells, whereas stimuli that bypass these receptors (PMA plus A23187, or TNF-alpha) activated NF-kappaB normally. Protein kinase C (PKC) theta activation, which is required for NF-kappaB activation, also was defective in these cells. Reexpression of ZAP-70 restored PKC theta and NF-kappaB activation in response to TCR and CD28 coengagement. p95(vav) (Vav)-1 tyrosine phosphorylation was largely unperturbed in the ZAP-70-negative cells; however, receptor-stimulated SLP-76/Vav-1 coassociation was greatly reduced. Wild-type SLP-76 fully restored PKC theta and NF-kappaB activation in the SLP-76-negative cells, whereas 3YF-SLP-76, which lacks the sites of tyrosine phosphorylation required for Vav-1 binding, only partially rescued signaling. These data illustrate the importance of the ZAP-70/SLP-76 signaling pathway in CD3/CD28-stimulated activation of PKC theta and NF-kappaB, and suggest that Vav-1 association with SLP-76 may be important in this pathway. C1 NIA, Ctr Gerontol Res, Biol Chem Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Cellular Injury, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wange, RL (reprint author), NIA, Ctr Gerontol Res, Biol Chem Lab, NIH, Box 12,5600 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 73 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 5654 EP 5664 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 487YH UT WOS:000171906500040 PM 11313406 ER PT J AU Solomou, EE Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Solomou, EE Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI Protein kinase C-theta participates in the activation of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein and its subsequent binding to the-180 site of the IL-2 promoter in normal human T lymphocytes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INTERLEUKIN-2 GENE; PKC-THETA; TRANSCRIPTION; CELLS; CREB; AP-1; EXPRESSION; TARGET; ANERGY AB IL-2 gene expression is regulated by the cooperative binding of discrete transcription factors to the IL-2 promoter/enhancer and is predominantly controlled at the transcriptional level. In this study, we show that in normal T cells, the - 180 site (-164/-189) of the IL-2 promoter/enhancer is a p-cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (p-CREB) binding site. Following activation of the T cells through various membrane-initiated and membrane-independent pathways, protein kinase C (PKC)-theta phosphorylates CREB, which subsequently binds to the -180 site and associates with the transcriptional coactivator p300. Rottlerin, a specific PKC-theta inhibitor, diminished p-CREB protein levels when normal T cells were treated with it. Rottlerin also prevented the formation of p-CREB/p300 complexes and the DNA-CREB protein binding. Cotransfection of fresh normal T cells with luciferase reporter construct driven by two tandem - 180 sites and a PKC-theta construct caused a significant increase in the transcription of the reporter gene, indicating that this site is functional and regulated by PKC-theta. Cotransfection of T cells with a luciferase construct driven by the -575/+57 region of the IL-2 promoter/enhancer and a PKC-theta construct caused a similar increase in the reporter gene transcription, which was significantly limited when two bases within the -180 site were mutated. These findings show that CREB plays a major role in the transcriptional regulation of IL-2 and that a major pathway for the activation of CREB and its subsequent binding to the IL-2 promoter/enhancer in normal T cells is mediated by PKC-theta. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-42269] NR 42 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 5665 EP 5674 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 487YH UT WOS:000171906500041 PM 11313407 ER PT J AU Treon, SP Agus, TB Link, B Rodrigues, G Molina, A Lacy, MQ Fisher, DC Emmanouilides, M Richards, AI Clark, B Lucas, MS Schlossman, R Schenkein, D Lin, B Kimby, E Anderson, KC Byrd, JC AF Treon, SP Agus, TB Link, B Rodrigues, G Molina, A Lacy, MQ Fisher, DC Emmanouilides, M Richards, AI Clark, B Lucas, MS Schlossman, R Schenkein, D Lin, B Kimby, E Anderson, KC Byrd, JC TI CD20-directed antibody-mediated immunotherapy induces responses and facilitates hematologic recovery in patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE serotherapy; antibody-mediated immunotherapy Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma; rituximab ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; B-CELLS; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; LOW-GRADE; PHASE-II; LYMPHOMA; THERAPY; ORIGIN; CD20 AB Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma) is a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder in which CD20 is expressed on tumor cells from most patients. Several small studies have suggested a benefit from the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab (Rituxan, MabThera) in patients with WM. In this retrospective study, we examined the outcome of 30 previously unreported patients with WM who received treatment with single-agent rituximab (median age 60; range 32-83 years old). The median number of prior treatments for these patients was 1 (range 0-6), and 14 patients (47%) received a nucleoside analogue before rituximab therapy. Patients received a median of 4.0 (1-11.3) infusions of rituximab (375 mg/m(2)). Three patients received steroids with their infusions for prophylaxis of rituximab-related infusion syndrome. Overall, treatment was well tolerated. Median immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels for all patients declined from 2,403 mg/dL (range 720-7639 mg/dL) to 1,525 mg/dL (range 177-5,063 mg/dL) after rituximab therapy (p = 0.001), with 8 of 30 (27%) and 18 of 30 (60%) patients demonstrating >50% and >25% decline in IgM, respectively. Median bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic (BM LPC) cell involvement declined from 60% (range 5-90%) to 15% (range 0-80%) for 17 patients for whom pre- and post-BM biopsies were performed (p < 0.001). Moreover, 19 of 30 (63%) and 15 of 30 (50%) patients had an increase in their hematocrit (HCT) and platelet (PLT) counts, respectively. Before rituximab therapy, 7 of 30 (23.3%) patients were either transfusion or erythropoietin dependent, whereas only 1/30 (3.3%) patients required transfusions (no erythropoietin) after rituximab. Overall responses after treatment with rituximab were as follows: 8 (27%) and 10 (33%) of the patients achieved a partial (PR) and a minor (MR) response, respectively, and an additional 9 (30%) of patients demonstrated stable disease (SD). No patients attained a complete response. The median time to treatment failure for responding (PR and MR) patients was 8.0 months (mean 8.4; range 3-20+ months), and 5.0 months (mean 6.1; range 3-12+ months) for patients with SD, These studies therefore demonstrate that rituximab is an active agent in WM. Marked increases in HCT and PLT counts were noted for most patients, including patients with WM who had MR or SD. A prospective clinical trial to more completely define the benefit of single-agent rituximab in patients with WM has been initiated by many of our centers. C1 Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Adult Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Huddinge Univ Hosp, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden. RP Treon, SP (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Adult Oncol, M555,44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 20 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1053-8550 J9 J IMMUNOTHER JI J. Immunother. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1097/00002371-200105000-00012 PG 8 WC Oncology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 436ZY UT WOS:000168966800012 PM 11394506 ER PT J AU Mather, B AF Mather, B TI Thermogravimetric analysis of carbonate aggregates SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engrs Res & Dev, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Mather, B (reprint author), USA, Corps Engrs Res & Dev, Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 239 EP 239 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2001)13:3(239) PG 1 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 437AK UT WOS:000168967900013 ER PT J AU Dohm, DJ Turell, MJ AF Dohm, DJ Turell, MJ TI Effect of incubation at overwintering temperatures on the replication of West Nile virus in New York Culex pipiens (Diptera : Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; Culex pipiens; overwintering temperature ID VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE; VECTOR COMPETENCE; TAENIORHYNCHUS AB We examined the effect of simulated overwintering temperatures on West Nile (WN) virus replication in Culex pipiens L. derived from mosquitoes collected during the autumn 1999 WN epizootic in New York. The WN virus was a strain isolated from a dead crow also collected during this outbreak. Virus was recovered from most mosquitoes held exclusively at 26 degreesC. In contrast, none of the mosquitoes held exclusively at the lower temperatures had detectable infections. When mosquitoes Mere transferred to 26 degreesC after being held at 10 degreesC for 21-42 d, infection and dissemination rates increased with increased incubation at 26 degreesC. Future studies involving the attempted isolation of WN virus from overwintering mosquitoes may benefit from holding the mosquitoes at 12 degreesC before testing for infectious virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dohm, DJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 14 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 462 EP 464 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.3.462 PG 3 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 430RG UT WOS:000168588900020 PM 11372976 ER PT J AU Sandberg, GD Bouffard, JP Washburn, KR Babcock, MS Wong, K AF Sandberg, GD Bouffard, JP Washburn, KR Babcock, MS Wong, K TI Myofibrillar myopathy with desmin positive myofibrillar ovoids and central cores in two adult patients. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN NEUROPATHOLOGISTS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 60 IS 5 MA 98 BP 527 EP 527 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 433XW UT WOS:000168786800109 ER PT J AU Grendahl, S Bert, R Cho, K Bar-On, I AF Grendahl, S Bert, R Cho, K Bar-On, I TI The effects of residual stress, loading, and crack geometry on SERE fracture toughness test results SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE fracture toughness; residual stress; aluminum nitride; crack plane; crack front straightness ID INDENTATION; CERAMICS AB Use of the single-edge precracked beam (SEPB) specimen with the "bridge indentation" method is one of the new ASTM standard test methods for the determination of fracture toughness of advanced ceramics. In support of this effort, the effects of several test parameters on the fracture toughness values were established. The effects of the residual stress due to the indent, the alignment in three- and four-point bending, and the crack front straightness on the fracture toughness values were determined using aluminum nitride specimens. The results show that indent loads should be kept below 100 N (10 kg), and the crack plane angle should be less than 5 degrees in order to prevent artificially high fracture toughness values. Crack front straightness requirements can be less stringent than generally accepted. C1 Worcester Polytech Inst, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. RP Grendahl, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 29 IS 3 BP 271 EP 276 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 433RJ UT WOS:000168773300006 ER PT J AU Norris, DE Wilson, DK Thomson, DW AF Norris, DE Wilson, DK Thomson, DW TI Atmospheric scattering for varying degrees of saturation and turbulent intermittency SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION; WAVES AB Atmospheric turbulence is inherently inhomogeneous and intermittent. Short periods of high activity are embedded in longer periods of relative calm. Local spatial and temporal changes in sound speed associated with this intermittency increase the likelihood of measuring large values of scattered acoustic signals. Previous work successfully predicted the probability density functions (pdf's) of Fully saturated, scattered signals measured within an acoustic shadow zone [Wilson et al., J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 99, 3393-3400 (1996)]. The more general case of incompletely saturated scattering is considered in this paper; using the Rice-Nagakami distribution a theory is developed. The predicted intensity pdf has two free parameters: one to describe the degree of intermittency and a second for the degree of saturation. For validation purposes, outdoor propagation measurements were made over a flat, hard ground at ranges of 146-283 m and at frequencies of 50-540 Hz. The saturation parameter was determined from the acoustic data and also estimated from the turbulence conditions, The degree of saturation increased with frequency, and measured intensity pdf's were found to be in excellent agreement with the theory. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Penn State Univ, Grad Program Acoust, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Res Lab, Battlefield Environm Div, AMSRL,IS,EP, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Norris, DE (reprint author), BBN Technol, 1300 N 17th St, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1871 EP 1880 DI 10.1121/1.1364488 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 431AC UT WOS:000168608700013 PM 11386542 ER PT J AU Ostashev, VE Salomons, EM Clifford, SF Lataitis, RJ Wilson, DK Blanc-Benon, P Juva, D AF Ostashev, VE Salomons, EM Clifford, SF Lataitis, RJ Wilson, DK Blanc-Benon, P Juva, D TI Sound propagation in a turbulent atmosphere near the ground: A parabolic equation approach SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-LAYER TURBULENCE; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; FLUCTUATIONS; COHERENCE; MODEL; PLANE; WAVES AB The interference of the direct wave from the point source to the receiver and the wave reflected from the impedance ground in a turbulent atmosphere is studied. A parabolic equation approach for calculating the sound pressure p at the receiver is formulated. Then, the parabolic equation is solved by the Rytov method yielding expressions for the complex phases of direct and ground-reflected waves. Using these expressions, a formula for the mean squared sound pressure < /p/(2)> is derived for the case of anisotropic spectra of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations. This formula contains the "coherence factor," which characterizes the coherence between direct and ground-reflected waves. It is shown that the coherence factor is equal to the normalized coherence function of a spherical sound wave for line-of-sight propagation. For the case of isotropic turbulence, this result allows one to obtain analytical formulas for < /p/(2)> for the Kolmogorov, Gaussian, and von Karman spectra of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations. Using these formulas, the effects of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations, and the effects of different spectra of these fluctuations on the mean squared sound pressure, are numerically studied. Also the effect of turbulent anisotropy on the interference of direct and ground reflected waves is numerically studied. Finally, it is shown that the mean squared sound pressure < /p/(2)> calculated for the von Karman spectrum of temperature fluctuations agrees well with experimental data obtained in a laboratory experiment, (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America. C1 NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. TNO, Inst Appl Phys, NL-2600 AD Delft, Netherlands. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Ecole Cent Lyon, Ctr Acoust, Equipe LMFA, UMR CNRS 5509, F-69131 Ecully, France. RP NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM vostashe@nmsu.edu RI Blanc-Benon, Philippe/H-1664-2016; Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1894 EP 1908 DI 10.1121/1.1356022 PN 1 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 431AC UT WOS:000168608700015 PM 11386544 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE AF Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE TI Statistical moments of the sound field propagating in a random, refractive medium near an impedance boundary SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; ATMOSPHERE; TURBULENCE; MODEL; WAVE AB Propagation of a monochromatic sound field in a refractive and turbulent medium near an impedance boundary is considered. Starting from the parabolic equation for a moving medium and using the Markov approximation, a closed equation for the statistical moments of arbitrary order of the sound-pressure field is derived. Numerical methods for directly solving the first- and second-moment versions of this equation are formulated. The first-moment formulation is very similar to parabolic equations (PEs) that are now widely used to calculate sound fields for particular realizations of a random medium. The second-moment formulation involves a large, fringed tridiagonal matrix, which is solved using iterative refinement and Cholesky factorization. The solution is computationally intensive and currently restricted to low frequencies. As an example, the first and second moments are directly calculated for upwind and downwind propagation of a sound wave through a turbulent atmosphere. For these cases, predictions from the second-moment PE were statistically indistinguishable from the result of 40 random trials calculated with a standard Crank-Nicholson PE, although the second-moment PE yielded smoother results due to its ensemble-average nature. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EP, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EP, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1909 EP 1922 DI 10.1121/1.1359239 PN 1 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 431AC UT WOS:000168608700016 PM 11386545 ER PT J AU Grant, KW AF Grant, KW TI The effect of speechreading on masked detection thresholds for filtered speech SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COHERENCE MASKING PROTECTION; AUDITORY-VISUAL INTEGRATION; SENTENCES AB Detection thresholds for spoken sentences in steady-state noise are reduced by 1-3 dB when synchronized video images of movements of the lips and other surface features of the face are provided. An earlier study [K. W. Grant and P. F. Seitz, J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 108, 1197-1208 (2000)], showed that the amount of masked threshold reduction. or bimodal coherence masking protection (BCMP), was related to the degree of correlation between the rms amplitude envelope of the target sentence and the area of lip opening, especially in the mid-to-high frequencies typically associated with the second (F2) and third (F3) speech formants. In the present study, these results are extended by manipulating the cross-modality correlation through bandpass filtering. Two filter conditions were tested corresponding roughly to the first and second speech formants: F1 (100-800 Hz) and F2 (800-2200 Hz). Results for F2-filtered target sentences were comparable to those of unfiltered speech, yielding a BCMP of roughly 2-3 dB. Results for F1-filtered target sentences showed a significantly smaller BCMP of approximately 0.7 dB. These results suggest that the magnitude of the BCMP depends on both the spectral and temporal properties of the target speech signal. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00792] NR 13 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 109 IS 5 BP 2272 EP 2275 DI 10.1121/1.1362687 PN 1 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 431AC UT WOS:000168608700052 PM 11386581 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ Taylor, KF Mason, KT Shawen, SB Polly, DW Klemme, WR AF Belmont, PJ Taylor, KF Mason, KT Shawen, SB Polly, DW Klemme, WR TI Incidence, epidemiology, and occupational outcomes of thoracolumbar fractures among US Army aviators SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE thoracolumbar spine; fracture; epidemiology; incidence; operative treatment; nonoperative treatment; implants; removal; outcome ID SPINAL-CORD INJURIES; BURST FRACTURES; LUMBAR SPINE; BACK PAIN; NONOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT; NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS; STABILIZATION; POPULATION AB Background: The routine occupational hazards of flying and parachute jumping place U,S, Army aviators at risk for sustaining high-energy traumatic injuries, such as thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: A longitudinal, prospective, epidemiologic database was used to determine the incidence, injury history, and aeromedical disposition of U,S, Army aviators who sustained thoracolumbar fractures for calendar years 1987 to 1997. Results: The overall incidence rate of thoracolumbar fracture was 12.8 per 100,000 aviators per year. Thirty aviators with thoracolumbar fractures were identified, acid the average age at time of injury was 35.9 years (range, 25-59 years). Mean follow-up after injury was 6.5 years (range, 2-12 years). Helicopter crashes and parachuting accidents accounted for 73% of fractures. Neurologic injury occurred in 10% of aviators. Seventy-seven percent of injured aviators recovered sufficiently to return to aviation service. There was no association between type of treatment and eventual termination from aviation duties (relative risk, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.6), Conclusion: occupational hazards of Army aviators place them at risk for sustaining thoracolumbar fractures. These data are relevant to future decisions for research and resource allocation for aviation safety and policy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Lyster Army Community Hosp, Dept Aviat Med, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Belmont, PJ (reprint author), 1016 Cresthaven Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. OI Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X NR 52 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2001 VL 50 IS 5 BP 855 EP 861 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 433AE UT WOS:000168732500021 PM 11371841 ER PT J AU McHenry, TP Early, JS Schacherer, TG AF McHenry, TP Early, JS Schacherer, TG TI Peroneus brevis rotation flap: Anatomic considerations and clinical experience SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE fibula fracture; rotation flap; peroneus brevis; wound coverage ID GASTROCNEMIUS MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP; LOWER-LIMB DEFECTS; SOFT-TISSUE LOSS; FASCIOCUTANEOUS FLAPS; LOWER LEG; MUSCLE TRANSPOSITION; VASCULAR TERRITORIES; LOWER-EXTREMITY; ISLAND FLAP; COVERAGE AB Background: Large soft tissue defects of the distal third of the leg are common occurrences at trauma centers. Massive defects often require vascularized free tissue transfer for coverage; however, smaller defects may frequently be closed by rotation:of local tissue. The peroneus brevis muscle is ideally located to provide coverage of the exposed distal fibula. Methods: An anatomic dissection of the peroneus brevis muscle and its vascular pedicles was performed in 10 fresh cadaveric leg specimens. Patients who underwent this procedure at our institution were retrospectively reviewed, Results: Each dissected muscle had an average of 3.5 vascular pedicles (range, 2-6), which arose from the peroneal artery in all but two cases, The average distance of the distal pedicle from the tip of the lateral malleolus was 6.7 cm (range, 3.5-12.0 cm). The muscle belly ended an average of 6.0 mm proximal to the tip of the lateral malleolus. Half of the specimens had muscle bellies that extended to or past the tip of the lateral malleolus. This rotation flap has been successful in covering four wounds with exposed distal fibula in four patients. Conclusion: The anatomic characteristics of the peroneus brevis muscle are ideal for soft tissue coverage of the distal fibula. Ease of elevation and reliability have made this rotational flap the procedure of choice for small soft tissue defects ol er the distal fibula at our institution. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Dallas, TX USA. RP McHenry, TP (reprint author), 2D ACR Forward Surg Team, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2001 VL 50 IS 5 BP 922 EP 926 DI 10.1097/00005373-200105000-00025 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 433AE UT WOS:000168732500035 PM 11371853 ER PT J AU Shultz, HA AF Shultz, HA TI Department of Defense doctrine and materiel for protecting personnel from biting arthropods SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SAFETY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Forest Glen Sect, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shultz, HA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Forest Glen Sect, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 133 EP 138 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 440LA UT WOS:000169175700006 PM 11468115 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Natural history of lower urinary tract symptoms in black American men: Relationships with aging, prostate size, flow rate and bothersomeness - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Def, Rockville, MD USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Def, Rockville, MD USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 165 IS 5 BP 1525 EP 1525 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 426CP UT WOS:000168321500033 ER PT J AU Gupta, M Mahanty, S Bray, M Ahmed, R Rollin, PE AF Gupta, M Mahanty, S Bray, M Ahmed, R Rollin, PE TI Passive transfer of antibodies protects immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice against lethal Ebola virus infection without complete inhibition of viral replication SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RIBAVIRIN; THERAPY AB Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe, usually fatal illness caused by Ebola virus, a member of the filovirus family. The use of nonhomologous immune serum in animal studies and blood from survivors in two anecdotal reports of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in humans has shown promise, but the efficacy of these treatments has not been demonstrated definitively. We have evaluated the protective efficacy of polyclonal immune serum in a mouse model of Ebola virus infection. Our results demonstrate that mice infected subcutaneously with live Ebola virus survive infection and generate high levels of anti-Ebola virus immunoglobulin G (IgG). Passive transfer of immune serum from these mice before challenge protected upto 100% of naive mice against lethal Ebola virus infection. Protection correlated with the level of anti-Ebola virus IgG titers, and passive treatment with high-titer antiserum was associated with a delay in the peak of viral replication. Transfer of immune serum to SCID mice resulted in 100% survival after lethal challenge with Ebola virus, indicating that antibodies alone can protect from lethal disease. Thus antibodies suppress or delay viral growth, provide protection against lethal Ebola virus infection, and may not require participation of other immune components for protection. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DVRD, Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Rollin, PE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DVRD, Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mailstop G14,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Mahanty, Siddhartha/0000-0003-1068-0524 NR 24 TC 81 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4649 EP 4654 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4649-4654.2001 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 425UD UT WOS:000168309300019 PM 11312335 ER PT J AU Smith, SJ Smith, JM AF Smith, SJ Smith, JM TI Numerical modeling of waves at Ponce de Leon Inlet, Florida SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID WATER AB Coastal inlets pose challenges of complex bathymetry, wave-current interaction, and influences of natural and artificial. barriers for prediction of wave transformation with numerical wave models. The steady-state spectral WAVE model. is described and evaluated with directional wave data measured during two storms (5.4 m and 2.4 m peak wave height) at Pence de Leon Inlet, on the Atlantic coast of Florida. Model simulations of the two storms agreed well with measurements (within measurement uncertainty) except when incident waves were strongly nonlinear. Wave-current interaction was found to be a small influence compared to refraction by changing water depth. C1 USAE, Wtrwy Expt Stn, Coast Hydr Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Smith, SJ (reprint author), USAE, Wtrwy Expt Stn, Coast Hydr Lab, 3909 Hall Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 176 EP 184 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2001)127:3(176) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 425MD UT WOS:000168293700007 ER PT J AU Christian, G AF Christian, G TI The helldivers' rodeo. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Christian, G (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 8 BP 95 EP 96 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 429WF UT WOS:000168540400115 ER PT J AU Ruzicka, GC Hodges, DH AF Ruzicka, GC Hodges, DH TI Application of the mixed finite-element method to rotor blade modal reduction SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE mixed finite elements; beam theory; rotor blades; modal reduction AB A mixed finite element is investigated as a means for achieving accurate modal reduction of rotor blades in finite-element software. A rationale for mixed finite elements is developed by investigating the modal reduction accuracy of a series of blade analysis methods that introduces, in a step-by-step fashion, the key features of the mixed element. During this investigation, the shortcomings of classical, displacement-based finite elements are examined qualitatively and through calculations of articulated blade response. The formal derivation of the mixed element starting from a mixed variational principle is then summarized, and finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the element's modal reduction accuracy. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Army NASA Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, AMRDEC,Aviat & Missile Command,Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Ruzicka, GC (reprint author), USA, Army NASA Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, AMRDEC,Aviat & Missile Command,Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 10-11 BP 1177 EP 1202 DI 10.1016/S0895-7177(00)00306-X PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 422XA UT WOS:000168143500009 ER PT J AU DeShazer, D Waag, DM Fritz, DL Woods, DE AF DeShazer, D Waag, DM Fritz, DL Woods, DE TI Identification of a Burkholderia mallei polysaccharide gene duster by subtractive hybridization and demonstration that the encoded capsule is an essential virulence determinant SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE glanders; melioidosis; pathogenesis and animal model ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE O-ANTIGENS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INSERTION SEQUENCES; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; BIOSYNTHETIC LOCUS; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; BACTERIA; ORGANIZATION; MUTAGENESIS; PROGRAMS AB Little is known about the virulence factors of Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agent of glanders, We employed subtractive hybridization to identify genetic determinants present in B. mallei but not in Burkholderia thailandensis, a non-pathogenic soil microbe. Three subtractive hybridization products were mapped to a genetic locus encoding proteins involved in the biosynthesis, export and translocation of a capsular polysaccharide. We identified an insertion sequence (IS407A) at one end of the capsule gene cluster and demonstrated that it was functional in B. mallei. Mutations were introduced in the B. mallei capsular gene cluster and the corresponding mutants were examined for their reactivity with antibodies raised against Burkholderia pseudomallei surface polysaccharides by immunoblotting and ELISA. Immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of a capsule on the surface of B. mallei ATCC 23344 (parental strain) but not on B. mallei DD3008 (capsule mutant) or B. thailandensis. Surprisingly, B. thailandensis also harboured a portion of the capsule gene cluster. ATCC 23344 was highly virulent in hamsters and mice, but DD3008 was avirulent in both animal models. The results presented here demonstrate that the capsular polysaccharide of B. mallei is required for production of disease in two animal models of glanders infection and is a major virulence factor. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP DeShazer, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 62 TC 118 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 30 IS 5 BP 253 EP 269 DI 10.1006/mpat.2000.0430 PG 17 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 440GH UT WOS:000169167200001 PM 11373120 ER PT J AU Clement, PF Clement, PF Brooks, FR Dean, B Galaz, A AF Clement, PF Clement, PF Brooks, FR Dean, B Galaz, A TI A neuropsychology telemedicine clinic SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TELEHEALTH AB This article describes a neuropsychology telemedicine clinic. The clinic was established to extend the availability of a specialized service, neuropsychology, from an Army medical center to outlying Army community hospitals. Patients with neurological disorders or brain injury were seen at the medical center for a detailed cognitive and personality assessment, the neuropsychological evaluation. They were seen for follow-up feedback sessions at their local facilities via telemedicine. Referring clinicians, family members, and work supervisors were able to participate in these sessions. Screening interviews and ongoing supportive psychotherapy were also conducted via telemedicine. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Informat Management, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Psychol, Fort Hood, TX USA. RP Clement, PF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 382 EP 384 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900007 PM 11370198 ER PT J AU Olsen, JC AF Olsen, JC TI Patient movement in the pacific theater: Changing the strategic focus from airplane to patient SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The U.S. military health care system forms a vast network across thousands of miles to serve patients in the Pacific theater. The medical treatment facilities in the Pacific, however, act independently and do not effectively track patients in the air evacuation system. The patients and the tracking systems are so disconnected that patients' whereabouts are unknown to both the command structure and the medical treatment facilities as soon as the plane leaves the ground. Furthermore, the databases cannot analyze treatment trends, and the cost of transport-a major part of the cost of health care in the Pacific-is hidden inside the air evacuation system. To ensure that managed care works effectively in the Pacific, Tricare Pacific has created an Internet-based database that will support a new network of case managers and effectively track patients. The Lead Agency's analysis of aeromedical evacuation also concluded that the wartime method of routine patient transport is not efficient in peacetime and, in fact, delays treatment. The recommendations from this financial analysis will reduce patient delays, enhance access, and save millions of health care dollars. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Tricare Pacific Lead Agcy, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Olsen, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Tricare Pacific Lead Agcy, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 389 EP 393 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900009 PM 11370200 ER PT J AU Porr, DR AF Porr, DR TI The ranger medic - Commentary SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Commanding Gen, SE Reg Med Command, Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Porr, DR (reprint author), USA, Commanding Gen, SE Reg Med Command, Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 400 EP 400 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900011 ER PT J AU Mosely, DS Johnson, TR Swann, SW AF Mosely, DS Johnson, TR Swann, SW TI The special operations aviation flight medic SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Medical support in the Army Special Operations Forces is a comprehensive continuum of care that begins at the point of injury and extends through definitive management. Each special operations unit has unique medical needs and, as a result, has developed specially trained medical personnel to fulfill those needs. The 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment has developed the special operations aviation flight medic to fill this role. The training of these medics involves a systematic, graduated approach with specific milestones to ensure a standardized level of training. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. 160th Special Operat Aviat Regiment Airborne, Ft Campbell, KY 42223 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. 168th Med Battalion Area Support, Unit 15021, Taegu, South Korea. RP Mosely, DS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 401 EP 404 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900012 PM 11370202 ER PT J AU Rosin, A Bauer, JJ Swanson, SJ Spevak, M Costabile, RA AF Rosin, A Bauer, JJ Swanson, SJ Spevak, M Costabile, RA TI Changing trends in partial nephrectomy at Walter Reed Army Medical Center SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; SURGERY; COMPLICATIONS AB Purpose: To evaluate the change in indications, frequency, complications, and outcome in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy at a single institution during a 25-year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who underwent partial nephrectomy at Walter Reed Army Medical Center from 1970 to 1995. A total of 309 patient records were reviewed for patient age, sex, and primary diagnosis. A more detailed analysis was performed on 47 records of patients who underwent partial nephrectomy from 1986 to 1996. Results: The number of partial nephrectomies declined from the 1970s to the 1990s, demonstrating the trend away from nephron-sparing surgery for benign disease. Partial nephrectomies for renal cell carcinoma increased during the same period. Fifty-seven percent (12 of 21) of patients from 1986 to 1996 underwent partial nephrectomy for incidentally discovered renal tumors. Complications occurred in 25% (11 of 44) of patients, with acute renal insufficiency occurring in 4.5% (2 of 44). Twenty-two of 25 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma were followed for a mean of 45.6 months. The cancer-specific 5-year survival rate for partial nephrectomy was 88.1%. Conclusion: Trends in nephron-sparing surgery showed a movement away from performing ablating surgery for benign disease and toward nephron-sparing surgery for renal masses. Despite a higher complication rate, the curative ability of partial nephrectomy is similar to that of radical nephrectomy. C1 Metropolitan Hosp Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Rosin, A (reprint author), 5750 Collins Ave,7J, Miami Beach, FL 33140 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 416 EP 418 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900015 PM 11370205 ER PT J AU Feuerstein, IM Brazaitis, MP Zoltick, JM Barko, WF Vaitkus, MA Combs, JJ Burger, LM Blanck, RR AF Feuerstein, IM Brazaitis, MP Zoltick, JM Barko, WF Vaitkus, MA Combs, JJ Burger, LM Blanck, RR TI Electron beam computed tomography screening of the coronary arteries: Experience with 3,263 patients at Walter Reed Army Medical Center SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MILITARY OFFICERS; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; ASYMPTOMATIC MEN; SUDDEN-DEATH; CALCIUM; CALCIFICATION; PREDICTION AB The U.S. Department of Defense desires to reduce the impact of coronary atherosclerosis on its active duty, retired, and dependent populations. Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) is currently the best way to noninvasively image the coronary arteries directly. Between August 1997 and February 1999, a total of 3,263 patients were scanned by EBCT in the Radiology Department at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Scans were performed on 2,415 men (74%) and 848 women (26%). The most common age group was 50 to 54 years (25%). Coronary calcification was found in approximately half of the patients (46%), and the magnitude of the score was strongly associated with age and male gender. Average scores increased exponentially with age, doubling every 7 years. In men, average scores ranged from 17 units in those aged 35 to 39 years to 842 in those older than 70 years old. In women, average scores ranged from 1 in those 35 to 39 years to 162 in those older than 70 years. Significant numbers of patients fell into the high-risk categories, with 8% of men in their 40s, 20% of men in their 50s, 33% of men in their 60s, and 49% of men in their 70s with high scores. Scores of more than 400 units were seen in 368 patients (8%) overall. There is a large amount of coronary calcium present in military personnel and their dependents, in patterns that are consistent with previous studies. Many patients had very high scores that are consistent with advanced coronary artery disease. EBCT should play a central role in the identification of occult calcific atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries in military, retired, and dependent patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Hlth Clin, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, War Coll, Army Phys Fitness Res Inst, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Off Surg Gen, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Feuerstein, IM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Room 1X05B,Bldg 2,Heaton Pavil,3900 Georgia Ave N, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 432 EP 442 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900019 PM 11370209 ER PT J AU Sylvia, BM McMullen, P Levine, E Cruz, FB Gagnon, DA Malavakis, TL Williams, LA Schmelz, J Runzel, A Stevens, V Wootten, A AF Sylvia, BM McMullen, P Levine, E Cruz, FB Gagnon, DA Malavakis, TL Williams, LA Schmelz, J Runzel, A Stevens, V Wootten, A TI Prenatal care needs, availability, accessibility, use, and satisfaction: A comparison of military women within and outside the continental United States SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Uniformed-Services-University-of-the-Health-Sciences-Research Day Meeting CY APR, 1999 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP Uniformed Services Univ Hlth Sci Res ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; RACIAL DISPARITIES; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; RISK; POPULATION; COHORT AB This article presents the results of a survey distributed to military women within and outside the continental United States (CONUS and OCONUS) who had received prenatal care and delivered at one of six Army, Navy, or Air Force military facilities. This comparative descriptive study was undertaken to determine from the mothers' perspective (1) their needs, availability, accessibility, use, satisfaction, and preferences for prenatal care services, and (2) if prenatal care and birth outcomes were significantly different for CONUS versus OCONUS women. Both groups reported a high degree of satisfaction with services, clinics/offices, and health care staff. Significant group differences were reported in transportation, length of travel time, and cost of traveling, with the CONUS group reporting greater problems with each. For both groups, quality and consistency of health care were the two most important factors in their preference of provider. More than 20% of the mothers reported receiving no information on some of the common concerns of pregnancy. There were no significant group differences with regard to infant birth weight or length of hospital stay. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Naval Hosp, Nursing Serv, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Res Squadron 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USN Hosp, FPO, AP 96362 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Womens Hlth Clin, Andrews AFB, MD 20762 USA. RP Sylvia, BM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Sandall, Jane/D-4146-2009 OI Sandall, Jane/0000-0003-2000-743X NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 443 EP 448 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900020 PM 11370210 ER PT J AU Camarca, MM Krauss, MR AF Camarca, MM Krauss, MR TI Active tuberculosis among US army personnel, 1980 to 1996 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the American-College-of-Preventive-Medicines-Prevention CY MAR 18-21, 1999 CL ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA SP Amer Coll Preventive Med Prevent ID UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MORTALITY AB Objective: To describe hospitalization rates for active tuberculosis among U.S. Army personnel. Methods: All hospitalizations for tuberculosis among Army active duty personnel from January 1, 1980, to December 31, 1996, were identified from an inpatient database. Incidence rates and trend analyses are presented for age, race, sex, and hospital location. Results: A total of 936 cases of active tuberculosis required hospitalization. Hospitalization rates declined from 15.3 cases/100,000 (1980) to 5.1 cases/100,000 (1996). Significant declines in hospitalization rates occurred for white and black males but not for females. Tuberculosis rates were 3.5 times lower among soldiers compared with the general population for individuals 25 to 44 years of age. Conclusion: Because of medical, purified protein derivative, and human immunodeficiency virus screening, military populations represent a low-risk population for active tuberculosis. The Army's overall hospitalization rate for tuberculosis declined steadily but remained relatively high among minorities and females. Additional studies should address specific risk factors related to race and gender among healthy populations with adequate health care. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Camarca, MM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 166 IS 5 BP 452 EP 456 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DA UT WOS:000181418900022 PM 11370212 ER PT J AU Shanno, GB Armonda, RA Benitez, RP Rosenwasser, RH AF Shanno, GB Armonda, RA Benitez, RP Rosenwasser, RH TI Assessment of acutely unsuccessful attempts at detachable coiling in intracranial aneurysms SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE aneurysm; cerebral; complication; endovascular; Guglielmi detachable coil; mortality; subarachnoid hemorrhage ID ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT; CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS; SACCULAR ANEURYSMS; TECHNICAL NOTE; EMBOLIZATION; EXPERIENCE; ELECTROTHROMBOSIS; MANAGEMENT; BIFURCATION AB OBJECTIVE: Guglielmi detachable coiling (CDC) has quickly become the most common endovascular method for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Although several published case series describe various authors' successful experiences or complications, few have elaborated on failed attempts. We examined our experience with GDC, and we analyzed all failed attempts at coiling. METHODS: Patients who underwent endovascular procedures from September 1995 through July 1999 were identified using endovascular case logs and billing records. Patient charts were then reviewed retrospectively for failed attempts at GDC. A treatment failure was defined as an inability to place coils into an aneurysm, a CDC procedure-related complication resulting in death, or an acute rehemorrhage from a coiled aneurysm that indicated a failure of coils to prevent rerupture. Thromboembolic events and other nonfatal sources of morbidity that did not preclude coiling of the aneurysm were analyzed only to the extent that they prevented successful coiling of the aneurysm. RESULTS: From September 1995 to June 1999, 241 patients underwent CDC embolizations or attempts. In these patients, 35 procedures were unsuccessful, including 7 deaths from intraoperative or postoperative aneurysmal rerupture. Sixteen aneurysms could not be microcatheterized, nine of which were anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Coils from 13 wide-necked aneurysms (average fundus-to-neck ratio, <2) prolapsed into the parent vessel. Three procedures were abandoned when the aneurysms were found to have normal branches filling from the dome, and three additional procedures were abandoned for technical reasons. Five deaths resulted from intraoperative aneurysm rupture, and two patients died postoperatively from rerupture. CONCLUSION: The number of successful coiling procedures has increased with experience and improved technology. The procedure still involves risks, however, primarily for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rosenwasser, RH (reprint author), Willis Eye Neurosensory Inst, 834 Walnut St,Suite 650, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD MAY PY 2001 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1066 EP 1072 DI 10.1097/00006123-200105000-00019 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 424GB UT WOS:000168223000050 PM 11334273 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Islinger, RB Owens, BD Murphey, MD Berrey, BH Temple, HT AF Kuklo, TR Islinger, RB Owens, BD Murphey, MD Berrey, BH Temple, HT TI Pseudotumors presenting in nonhemophiliacs SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID HEMOPHILIC PSEUDOTUMOR; TUMOR C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthoped Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthoped Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD MAY PY 2001 VL 24 IS 5 BP 483 EP 486 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 433LX UT WOS:000168761800014 PM 11379998 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Mair, EA AF Brietzke, SE Mair, EA TI Injection snoreplasty: How to treat snoring without all the pain and expense SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 24-27, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID SODIUM TETRADECYL SULFATE; SLEEP-APNEA SYNDROME; PERCUTANEOUS SCLEROTHERAPY; TISSUE REDUCTION; PALATE; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; HEMANGIOMAS AB OBJECTIVE: We introduce Injection Snoreplasty: an innovative, safe, and effective palatal snoring procedure with minimal cost and discomfort to the patient, A well-described sclerotherapy agent, Sotradecol, is injected into the soft palate to reduce/eliminate palatal flutter snoring. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Twenty-seven patients with a diagnosis of palatal flutter snoring (respiratory disturbance index less than In) by sleep study were enrolled in the protocol, Office treatment sessions were performed 6 to 8 weeks apart, Success was judged by subjective improvement in snoring and objective evidence of palatal stiffening/scarring RESULTS: Twenty-five (92%) of 27 patients reported significant decrease in snoring, There were no significant postinjection complications. Visual analog pain scale confirmed minimal discomfort. Most patients received more than I treatment (average, 1.8) In order to receive optimal palatal stiffening, CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Injection Snoreplasty is a simple, safe, and effective office treatment for primary snoring, Advantages over current snoring procedures include simplicity, low cost, decreased posttreatment pain levels, and minimal/no convalescence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 30 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 124 IS 5 BP 503 EP 510 DI 10.1067/mhn.2001.115400 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 432FV UT WOS:000168682300004 PM 11337652 ER PT J AU Abraham, A Cheng, TL Wright, JL Addlestone, I Huang, ZH Greenberg, L AF Abraham, A Cheng, TL Wright, JL Addlestone, I Huang, ZH Greenberg, L TI Assessing an educational intervention to improve physician violence screening skills SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent violence; physician education; violence risk screening ID STANDARDIZED PATIENTS; PEDIATRIC RESIDENTS; PARENTS; PROGRAM AB Objectives. Health professionals play an integral role in assessing the risk of violence in their patients. However, there have been few evaluations of violence prevention education programs for health care personnel. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a violence-screening education program on pediatric residents' and medical students' comfort level and skills in the identification and management of violence risks. Setting. Adolescent clinic of a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Participants. Fifty-six second-year residents and third-year medical students assigned to a 4-week adolescent clinic rotation. Design. Randomized, controlled comparison study conducted over a 1-year period. Intervention. On alternate months, medical students and residents in the intervention group participated in a 3-hour workshop on violence prevention. The workshop included a didactic session with an overview of firearm, media, and sexual violence; a discussion of risk factors for adolescent violence; and training on the approach to the adolescent interview. Participants also discussed violence risks in the community with a panel of teen health educators, engaged in one-on-one role play with the youth educators, and received feedback on their violence screening skills. The control group received the standard ambulatory clinic manual with articles on violence prevention. Evaluation Methods. All participants completed pre-rotation and postrotation questionnaires assessing their self-reported screening practices, as well as perceived importance and confidence in violence screening. Participants also interviewed and examined an adolescent standardized patient (SP) in the clinic. SPs completed evaluations on the content of the residents' and students' screening, their interpersonal skills, and their skill in the identification and management of the violence-related problem. Results. Over 12 months, 30 control and 26 intervention participants were recruited. There were no differences in prerotation questionnaire scores for intervention and control groups in screening practices, perceived importance and confidence in violence screening. Postrotation intervention participants reported more screening compared with controls on violence in school/neighborhood and fighting history. There was also greater perceived importance in asking about access/use of weapons and violence in school/neighborhood. Intervention participants also had improved performance compared with controls on SP evaluations of screening for violence, identification and management of the violence-related scenario, and interpersonal skills. Conclusion. A violence prevention education program with teen health educators improved participants' self-reported violence questioning, as well as increased perceived comfort and importance in violence screening. Participants in the program also improved their identification and management of a standardized violence-related scenario presented in an adolescent clinic setting. C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Gen Pediat & Adolescent Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Childrens Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Abraham, A (reprint author), Womack Army Med Hosp, Dept Pediat, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2001 VL 107 IS 5 AR e68 DI 10.1542/peds.107.5.e68 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 427NA UT WOS:000168411100005 PM 11331718 ER PT J AU Hale, ML AF Hale, ML TI Microtiter-based assay for evaluating the biological activity of ribosome-inactivating proteins SO PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RICIN-A-CHAIN; ABRUS-PRECATORIUS; DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; RNA; MECHANISM; TRANSLOCATION; TRANSLATION; INHIBITION; SEEDS AB A microtiter assay was developed to quickly measure the biological activity of ricin or other ribosome-inactivating proteins. Nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate containing luciferase mRNA was used to measure toxin activity via inhibition of protein synthesis. The relative biological activity was determined by comparing luminescence levels in treated samples versus those of untreated controls. The amount of luciferase translated, as measured by luminescence, was inversely proportional to the toxin concentration. Linear dose response curves were generated for both class I and class II toxins. When compared to normal serum controls, specific antibody against ricin effectively inhibited ricin activity. The assay is suitable for efficient in vitro screening of therapeutics, as well as for identifying samples containing ribosome-inactivating proteins. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hale, ML (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0901-9928 J9 PHARMACOL TOXICOL JI Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 88 IS 5 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2001.d01-113.x PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 436BT UT WOS:000168917200006 PM 11393586 ER PT J AU Mohammad, SN Fan, ZF Botchkarev, AE Kim, W Aktas, O Morkoc, H Shiwei, F Jones, KA Derenge, MA AF Mohammad, SN Fan, ZF Botchkarev, AE Kim, W Aktas, O Morkoc, H Shiwei, F Jones, KA Derenge, MA TI Physical mechanisms underlying anomalous capacitance characteristics of platinum-gallium nitride Schottky diodes SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID N-TYPE GAN; BARRIER HEIGHT; CONTACTS; EPITAXY AB Experimental evidence demonstrates that surface states and minority-carrier injection are simultaneously responsible for the anomalous capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of platinum-GaN Schottky diodes. For diodes exhibiting low surface states, a transition point in the C-V curves is identified, which is attributed to tunnelling. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Univ Illinois, Microelect Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Arizona State Univ, Chem Engn Bioengn & Mat Engn Dept, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 2300 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 81 IS 5 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1080/13642810108225442 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 437EH UT WOS:000168977300001 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsouli, S Bennett, SJ Bertaina, M Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, RR DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Jaradat, H Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wilson, WK Wohn, FK Wolin, EJ Xu, Z Zhao, K AF Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsouli, S Bennett, SJ Bertaina, M Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, RR DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Jaradat, H Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wilson, WK Wohn, FK Wolin, EJ Xu, Z Zhao, K CA E864 Collaboration TI Search for strange quark matter produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SCINTILLATING-FIBER CALORIMETER; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; BOUND-STATES; HADRONIC MATTER; NEGATIVE PIONS; H-DIBARYON; GLUON PLASMA; WEAK DECAY; GEV/C SI; NEUTRONS AB We present the final results from Experiment 864 of a search for charged and neutral strange quark matter produced in interactions of 11.5 GeV/c per nucleon Au beams with Pt or Pb targets. Searches were made for strange quark matter with A greater than or equal to 5. Approximately 3 X 10(10) 10% most central collisions were sampled and no strangelet states with A less than or equal to 100 were observed. We find 90% confidence level upper limits of approximately 10(-8) per central collision for both charged and neutral strangelets. These limits are for strangelets with proper lifetimes greater than 50 ns. Also limits for H-0-d and pineut production are given. The above limits are compared with the predictions of various models. The yields of light nuclei from coalescence are measured and a penalty factor for the addition of one nucleon to the coalescing nucleus is determined. This is useful in gauging the significance of our upper limits and also in planning future searches for strange quark matter. C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; OI giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Bertaina, Mario Edoardo/0000-0003-1069-1397 NR 73 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 054903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.63.054903 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 431PZ UT WOS:000168640900038 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ AF Corron, NJ TI Loss of synchronization in coupled oscillators with ubiquitous local stability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID HIGH-QUALITY SYNCHRONIZATION; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS AB The issue of using instantaneous eigenvalues as indicators of synchronization quality in coupled chaotic systems is examined. Previously, it has been assumed that, if the eigenvalues of the linearized synchronization dynamics have negative real parts everywhere on the attractor, the synchronized state is stable. In this Rapid Communication, two counterexamples are presented that show this assumption is invalid. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM ned.corron@ws.redstone.army.mil OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 AR 055203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.055203 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 432ZL UT WOS:000168730800007 PM 11414952 ER PT J AU Genovese, RF Nguyen, HA Mog, SR AF Genovese, RF Nguyen, HA Mog, SR TI Effects of arteether on an auditory radial-arm maze task in rats SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE artemisinin; behavioral toxicology; radial-arm maze; antimalarial ID ANTIMALARIAL DRUG; NEURAL TOXICITY; NEUROTOXICITY; ARTEMISININ; ARTEMETHER; QINGHAOSU AB We evaluated the behavioral and neural toxicity of the artemisinin antimalarial compound, arteether (AE), using a novel radial-arm maze procedure. We have previously shown that AE can produce a distinctive pattern of neurotoxicity in the brainstem and that auditory nuclei are particularly vulnerable. Thus, we assessed performance which depended upon auditory processing. We trained rats to choose one of eight arms of a radial maze, depending upon which arm served as the source of a white noise stimulus. Correct responses produced food reinforcement while incorrect choices had no programmed consequences. When the task was acquired, AE (25 mg/kg/day; n = 7) or oil Vehicle (n = 7) was administered (intramuscularly) for seven consecutive days. Behavioral sessions were conducted during the days of drug administrations acid for 7 days following drug administrations. Subsequently, histopathology was conducted and a quantitative assessment of the nucleus trapezoideus was made. AE produced a progressive deficit in performance on the maze task. That is, accuracy decreased, choice latency increased, and the number of trials completed decreased. Moreover, the greatest deficits were observed during the period following drug administrations. AE-treated rats revealed marked damage in the nucleus trapezoideus. The damage included chromatolysis, necrosis, and gliosis. Vehicle-treated rats did not show performance deficits or neuropathology. These results extend earlier studies and show that AE can produce damage in the n. trapezoideus of rats, which is associated with performance deficits on a complex auditory task. Thus, the auditory radial-arm maze task is a useful tool for assessing AE-induced toxicity. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci & Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Genovese, RF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci & Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 73 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 91 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00462-0 PG 5 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 441PU UT WOS:000169239400012 PM 11399299 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Wang, S Rasmusson, A Hazlett, G Anderson, G Charney, DS AF Morgan, CA Wang, S Rasmusson, A Hazlett, G Anderson, G Charney, DS TI Relationship among plasma cortisol, catecholamines, neuropeptide Y, and human performance during exposure to uncontrollable stress SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE neuropeptide Y; cortisol; stress; military; performance; dissociation ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; DISORDER; NOREPINEPHRINE; AMYGDALA; HORMONE; RESPONSES; NEURONS; PTSD AB Objective: Although many people are exposed to trauma, only some individuals develop posttraumatic stress disorder; most do not. it is possible that humans differ in the degree to which stress induces neurobiological perturbations of their threat response systems, which may result in a differential capacity to cope with aversive experiences. This study explored the idea that differences in the neurobiological responses of individuals exposed to threat are significantly related to psychological and behavioral indices. Methods: Individual differences in neurohormonal, psychological, and performance indices among 44 healthy subjects enrolled in US Army survival school were investigated, Subjects were examined before, during, and after exposure to uncontrollable stress. Results: Stress-induced release of cortisol, neuropeptide Y, and norepinephrine were positively correlated; cortisol release during stress accounted for 42% of the variance in neuropeptide Y release during stress. Cortisol also accounted for 22% of the variance in psychological symptoms of dissociation and 31% of the variance in military performance during stress, Conclusions: Because dissociation, abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, and catecholamine functioning have all been implicated in the development of stress disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, these data suggest that some biological differences may exist before index trauma exposure and before the development of stress-related illness. The data also imply a relationship among specific neurobiological factors and psychological dissociation. In addition, the data provide clues about the way in which individuals' psychobiological responses to threat differ from one another. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. VA New England Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, West Haven, CT USA. Psychol Applicat Directorate, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Va Connecticut, 116A,950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM charles.a.morgan@yale.edu NR 44 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 5 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0033-3174 EI 1534-7796 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 BP 412 EP 422 PG 11 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 432ZN UT WOS:000168731000009 PM 11382268 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Consultation-liaison psychiatry drug-drug interactions update SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN; RITONAVIR; SILDENAFIL C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 269 EP 272 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.3.269 PG 4 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 429MV UT WOS:000168521900012 ER PT J AU Lennard, CM Patel, A Wilson, J Reinhardt, B Tuman, C Fenton, C Blair, E Francis, GL Tuttle, RM AF Lennard, CM Patel, A Wilson, J Reinhardt, B Tuman, C Fenton, C Blair, E Francis, GL Tuttle, RM TI Intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor expression is associated with increased risk of recurrence and decreased disease-free survival in papillary thyroid cancer SO SURGERY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR VEGF; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; CELL-LINES; TYROSINE KINASE; FACTOR GENE; CARCINOMA; ANGIOGENESIS; RECEPTOR; PROGRESSION; NEOPLASMS AB Background, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability. Increased VEGF expression has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in many malignancies. Several recent reports have documented over expression of VEGF in papillary thyroid cancer. We hypothesized that increased expression of I VEGF would be associated with either an increased risk of recurrence or a decreased recurrence-free survival in papillary thyroid cancer. Methods, Immunohistochemistry was used to detect VEGF expression in archival paraffin-embedded surgical thyroid specimens from 96 subjects with papillary thyroid cancer Results, VEGF expression was detected in 98% (94/96) of the samples, predominantly of slight-to-moderate intensity in the majority of malignant cells. However, the specific finding of a diffuse pattern of intense immunostaining for VEGF was detected significantly more often than less intense, patchy immunostaining patterns in subjects with distant metastasis at diagnosis (63% versus 15%, P =.005), local recurrence (58% versus 13%, P =.001), and distant recurrence (83% versus 14%, P =. 001). Furthermore, this specific pattern of diffuse, intense VEGF expression was associated with a significantly shorter recurrence-free survival than other staining patterns (P =.007). Conclusions:. These data demonstrate that the immunohistochemical pattern of VEGF staining in the initial surgical specimen is strongly associated with the incidence of local and distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tuttle, RM (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, Box 419 H-715,1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 27 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD MAY PY 2001 VL 129 IS 5 BP 552 EP 558 DI 10.1067/msy.2001.112592 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 428GX UT WOS:000168454300006 PM 11331447 ER PT J AU DuBiner, H Cooke, D Dirks, M Stewart, WC VanDenburgh, AM Felix, C AF DuBiner, H Cooke, D Dirks, M Stewart, WC VanDenburgh, AM Felix, C TI Efficacy and safety of bimatoprost in patients with elevated intraocular pressure: A 30-day comparison with latanoprost SO SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2000 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol DE glaucoma; ocular hypertension; bimatoprost; AGN 192024; latanoprost; prostamide; Lumigan (TM) ID OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; OCULAR HYPERTENSION; TIMOLOL; 6-MONTH; TRIAL AB Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of bimatoprost and latanoprost in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Methods: This was a 30-day, multicenter, double-masked, randomized, clinical trial. Patients (n - 64) diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomly assigned to receive bimatoprost 0.03%, latanoprost 0.005%, or vehicle topically in both eyes once daily, in the evening, for 29days. The primary endpoint was the reduction in IOP from baseline on day 14 and day 29. Secondary outcome measures included eye examinations and safety parameters. Results: Bimatoprost and latanoprost significantly lowered IOP from baseline (p < .001). Bimatoprost lowered IOP more than latanoprost at every timepoint measured (bimatoprost: 25-34% reduction, 5.9-8.9 mm Hg; latanoprost: 20-31% reduction, 4.4-7.9 mm Hg), although the between-group differences did not reach statistical significance. Over the 12-hour course of IOP measurements on day 29, bimatoprost provided better diurnal IOP control than latanoprost (p = .0378, area under the curve of diurnal IOP reductions, 1-way ANOVA with pairwise t-test). Both treatment regimens were safe and well tolerated, with no significant between-group differences in reports of specific adverse events. The most common side effect was conjunctival hyperemia, which was similarly apparent in the bimatoprost 0.03% provided better diurnal IOP control than latanoprost and was safe and well tolerated in patients with ocular hypertension and glaucoma. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Allergan Inc, Clin Ophthalmol, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. Pharmaceut Res Corp, Charleston, SC USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Great Lakes Eye Care, St Joseph, MO USA. Clayton Eye Ctr, Morrow, GA USA. RP VanDenburgh, AM (reprint author), Allergan Inc, Clin Ophthalmol, Mail Stop T2-4B,2525 Dupont Dr, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. NR 20 TC 106 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0039-6257 J9 SURV OPHTHALMOL JI Surv. Ophthalmol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 45 SU 4 BP S353 EP S360 DI 10.1016/S0039-6257(01)00212-0 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 444DF UT WOS:000169383200004 PM 11434938 ER PT J AU Komisar, JL Weng, CF Oyejide, A Hunt, RE Briscoe, C Tseng, J AF Komisar, JL Weng, CF Oyejide, A Hunt, RE Briscoe, C Tseng, J TI Cellular and cytokine responses in the circulation and tissue reactions in the lung of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) pretreated with cyclosporin A and challenged with staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytokines; immunosuppression; neutrophils; shock; superantigens; T lymphocytes; toxin ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; LETHAL SHOCK; T-CELLS; IN-VIVO; INTERFERON-GAMMA; PROTECTIVE ROLE; HUMAN-DISEASE; MICE; SUPERANTIGEN; INTERLEUKIN-2 AB Cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of T cell cytokine production, protects mice against staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) intoxication. To determine whether CsA treatment would work in a species closer to humans, 4 rhesus monkeys were given 50 mg/kg CsA followed by an intratracheal challenge with approximately 6 LD50 of SEB. The CsA was not protective: one of the monkeys died and the other three had to be euthanized when they became moribund. All monkeys made IL-2, TNF, and IFN-gamma response to SEB. In addition, there was about a 10-fold increase in ACTH levels 2 hr after SEB challenge. CsA significantly suppressed in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes from treated monkeys. Both CsA-treated monkeys and monkeys that had been challenged in a previous experiment with a lethal dose of SEB but had received no cyclosporin had pathologic changes in several organs. The most prominent changes were marked edema and leukocytic infiltration of the bronchial and bronchiolar mucosa. The CsA treatment appeared to reduce the intensity of lung inflammation, but this effect was not sufficient to protect the monkeys. The results suggest that CsA alone may not be an effective therapeutic agent for humans suffering from SEB intoxication or gram-positive septic shock. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hualien, Taiwan. Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Komisar, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 61 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 3 BP 369 EP 378 DI 10.1080/019262301316905336 PG 10 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 558CZ UT WOS:000175949700012 PM 11442023 ER PT J AU Brennan, LM Boncavage-Hennessey, EM Wolfe, MJ Toussaint, MW Dennis, WE Rosencrance, AB Gardner, HS AF Brennan, LM Boncavage-Hennessey, EM Wolfe, MJ Toussaint, MW Dennis, WE Rosencrance, AB Gardner, HS TI An in vivo method for using 5-bromo-2 '-deoxyuridine (BrdU) as a marker of chemically-induced hepatocellular proliferation in the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 5-bromo-2 '-deoxyuridine; Japanese medaka; diethylnitrosamine; carcinogenesis; cell proliferation; labeling index; hepatocarcinogenesis ID SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE; CELL-PROLIFERATION; SMALL FISH; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION; CARCINOGENICITY TESTS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; LIVER-CELLS; RAT; BROMODEOXYURIDINE; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE AB Japanese medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) were used to develop an in vivo method to assess hepatocellular proliferation in a nonmammalian model. Proliferative responses were assessed in medaka at 7, 17, 24, and 94 days after a 48-hour exposure to 10 or 100 mg/L diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Subgroups of medaka were exposed to 50 or 75 mg/L of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in water for 72 hours, sacrificed, and then processed for immunohistochemical staining. Proliferative indices of BrdU-labeled hepatocytes were quantified and compared using both count and area measurements. There was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in hepatocellular proliferation in the 100 mg/L DEN-treated fish as compared to controls and 10 mg/L DEN-treated fish for the first 3 time points. Hepatocarcinogenicity was evaluated 26 weeks post-DEN exposure. There was a significant increase (p < 0.0001) in hepatocellular neoplasms in 100 mg/L DEN-treated fish compared to other fish. Effective BrdU-labeling of S-phase hepatocytes in medaka was achieved by adding BrdU to the aquarium water, and an increase in hepatocellular proliferation using this method was detected 7 days after exposure to a carcinogenic concentration of DEN. Additionally, the new method of area measurement indices of proliferation were as precise as count indices (R(2)greater than or equal to0.92). C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Expt Pathol Labs, Herndon, VA 20172 USA. RP Gardner, HS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM hgardner@lamar.colostate.edu NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 3 BP 387 EP 397 DI 10.1080/019262301316905354 PG 11 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 558CZ UT WOS:000175949700014 PM 11442025 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Amersdorfer, P Marks, JD Smith, T AF Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Amersdorfer, P Marks, JD Smith, T TI Anomalous enhancement of botulinum toxin type A neurotoxicity in the presence of antitoxin SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE botulism; toxin; mouse; antitoxin; monoclonal ID TETANUS TOXIN; MECHANISM AB The neutralization of butulinum toxin serotype A with polyclonal equine antitoxin was studied in isolated mouse hemi-diaphragms and compared to the same action in live mice. The biological activity of the toxin in the isolated muscle could be markedly reduced with excess antitoxin, estimated as 3:1 molar ratios of Ige Ab:toxin or better. Toxin neutralization in vivo required higher ratios of Ab:toxin, ranging from 30:1 at high toxin doses and increasing to 100:1 at 10 X LD50 toxin. At equimolar Ab to toxin ratios in the isolated muscle, the biological activity of the toxin underwent a statistically significant increase. This paradoxical effect of the polyclonal antisera was serotype selective and independent of the presence or absence of hemagglutinin in the toxin. The enhancement of toxin activity was subsequently localized to occupancy of one of four epitopes on the toxin using monoclonal antibodies to mimic the effect of the antitoxin. The enhancement of toxin activity suggests that botulinum toxin may undergo a conformational change upon binding antibodies to certain domains. This phenomenon could contribute to the observed concentration dependent changes in neutralization efficacy with antitoxin in vivo. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, MCMRUVPN,Pharmacol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Sheridan, RE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, MCMRUVPN,Pharmacol Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAY PY 2001 VL 39 IS 5 BP 651 EP 657 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(00)00189-6 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 384AF UT WOS:000165916300006 PM 11072043 ER PT J AU Kurtis, JD Hollingdale, MR Luty, AJF Lanar, DE Krzych, U Duffy, PE AF Kurtis, JD Hollingdale, MR Luty, AJF Lanar, DE Krzych, U Duffy, PE TI Pre-erythrocytic immunity to Plasmodium falciparum: the case for an LSA-1 vaccine SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIVER-STAGE ANTIGEN-1; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; GAMMA RESPONSES; SEVERE MALARIA; RESISTANCE; CELL; INTERLEUKIN-10; LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNIZATION AB A vaccine is urgently needed to stem the global resurgence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Vaccines targeting the erythrocytic stage are often viewed as an anti-disease strategy. By contrast, infection might be completely averted by a vaccine against the liver stage, a pre-erythrocytic stage during which the parasite multiplies 10 000-fold within hepatocytes. Sterilizing immunity can be conferred by inoculating humans with irradiated pre-erythrocytic parasites, and a recombinant pre-erythrocytic vaccine partially protects humans from infection. Liver-stage antigen-1, one of a few proteins known to be expressed by liver-stage parasites, holds particular promise as a vaccine. Studies of naturally exposed populations have consistently related immune responses against this antigen to protection. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Gates Malaria Programme, London WC1E 7HT, England. Univ Tubingen, Dept Parasitol, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany. RP Duffy, PE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 37 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5 BP 219 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0169-4758(00)01862-7 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 453UE UT WOS:000169934200006 PM 11323304 ER PT J AU Feng, XH Kirchner, JW Renshaw, CE Osterhuber, RS Klaue, B Taylor, S AF Feng, XH Kirchner, JW Renshaw, CE Osterhuber, RS Klaue, B Taylor, S TI A study of solute transport mechanisms using rare earth element tracers and artificial rainstorms on snow SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MELTING SNOW; POROUS-MEDIA; RUNOFF; SCALE; COMPLEXATION; MELTWATER; CHEMISTRY; ELUTION; MODEL; WATER AB Rare earth element (REE) tracers and three artificial rain-on-snow storms at the Central Sierra Snow Laboratory, California indicate that (1) tracers applied to the snow surface immediately prior to the storm quickly appear at the bottom of the pack, with the tracer traversing the pack faster when the snowpack is wetter; (2) unlike most previous studies in which low solute concentrations were observed at high flow in diurnal cycles, the concentrations of the REE tracers ill the outflow are positively related with input water flux, and (3) at a constant input flux the concentrations of all the REE tracers decreased exponentially with time, and the rate of this decrease was greater at high flow than at low flow. These observations can be qualitatively simulated by partitioning liquid water in the snowpack into mobile and immobile phases. Transport of the mobile water phase is governed by the advection-dispersion equations, while the immobile water only moves by exchanging with the mobile water, The rate of exchange between mobile and immobile waters follows first-order kinetics, Unlike previous mobile-immobile models for snow, the exchange rate coefficient is assumed to increase exponentially with the effective water saturation. The model successfully simulates the positive concentration dependency on input water flux, However, it remains unclear how the exchange rate coefficient varies with the nature of the medium and with hydrological conditions. These observations suggest that tracer concentrations in the outflow are largely dominated by solute transport via fast flow channels. This surprising result implies that a spatially averaged flow rate may not be adequate for modeling solute transport properties in unsaturated media. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geol & Geophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cent Sierra Snow Lab, Soda Springs, CA 95728 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Feng, XH (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Kirchner, James/B-6126-2009 OI Kirchner, James/0000-0001-6577-3619 NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1425 EP 1435 DI 10.1029/2000WR900376 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 425AP UT WOS:000168266400026 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Vallet, JL Christenson, RK Pearson, PL AF Klemcke, HG Vallet, JL Christenson, RK Pearson, PL TI Erythropoietin mRNA expression in pig embryos SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE erythropoietin; mRNA; embryos; pigs; development ID GESTATIONAL-AGE FETUSES; SERUM ERYTHROPOIETIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; CONCEPTUS DEVELOPMENT; ADULT SHEEP; FETAL; HYPOXIA; CLONING; PROTEIN AB To address whether altered erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis might be involved in prenatal pig mortality, studies were conducted to measure porcine embryonic EPO mRNA expression during early gestation (days 24-40). Three pig models differing in embryonic survival from days 24-40 were investigated: intact white crossbred gilts (INT), white crossbred gilts that were unilaterally hysterectomized-ovariectomized before puberty and whose pregnant uterus constituted a crowded environment (UHO), and prolific, intact Meishan gilts (ME). A partial cDNA for porcine EPO, developed via reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction procedures was used to generate a P-32-labeled probe for use in Northern analyses. In an initial study, embryonic liver EPO mRNA was greatest on day 24, decreased by day 30 (P < 0.01), and was barely detectable by day 40. EPO mRNA expression was not influenced by pig model. Placental EPO mRNA expression was detectable in only 4 of 53 placentae examined. In a second study at day 35 of gestation, embryonic liver EPO mRNA expression was measured in the same three pig models and in two embryos of divergent weights from each gilt. Meishan embryos had lower(P < 0.01) plasma immunoassayable EPO concentrations (P = 0.04) and higher survival rates (87 +/- 2.7%) at day 35 than did white crossbred embryos (75 +/-5%). Liver EPO mRNA expression did not differ among animal models, nor did plasma EPO or tissue EPO mRNA expression differ between large and small embryos. There was no apparent relationship between embryonic development, measured as embryonic and placental size, and plasma EPO concentrations or liver EPO mRNA expression. These results indicate that at the gestational ages examined, the embryonic liver is one source of plasma erythropoietin and suggest that at the ages sampled. EPO is not a limiting factor in embryonic development. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Klemcke, HG (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD APR 30 PY 2001 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 93 EP 108 DI 10.1016/S0378-4320(01)00084-7 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA 427DY UT WOS:000168390600008 PM 11343845 ER PT J AU Yang, W Vispute, RD Choopun, S Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Shen, H AF Yang, W Vispute, RD Choopun, S Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Shen, H TI Ultraviolet photoconductive detector based on epitaxial Mg0.34Zn0.66O thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ZNO FILMS; MGXZN1-XO AB We report on the fabrication and characterization of visible blind ultraviolet photodetectors based on MgxZn1-xO. Using pulsed laser deposition technique, Mg0.34Zn0.66O thin films with a bandgap of 4.05 eV were epitaxially grown on c-plane sapphire substrates. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of epilayers were characterized using various techniques. Based on the Mg0.34Zn0.66O films, planar geometry photconductive type metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors were fabricated. At a 5 V bias, a high responsivity of 1200 A/W was achieved at 308 nm, and the visible rejection (R308 nm/R400 nm) was more than four orders of magnitude. The 10%-90% rise and fall time were 8 ns and 1.4 mus, respectively. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Yang, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM vispute@squid.umd.edu RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; OI Choopun, Supab/0000-0001-8518-9014 NR 14 TC 218 Z9 245 U1 7 U2 66 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 30 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 18 BP 2787 EP 2789 DI 10.1063/1.1368378 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 425RD UT WOS:000168304700058 ER PT J AU Kanesa-thasan, N Sun, W Kim-Ahn, G Van Albert, S Putnak, JR King, A Raengsakulsrach, B Christ-Schmidt, H Gilson, K Zahradnik, JM Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Saluzzo, JF Hoke, CH AF Kanesa-thasan, N Sun, W Kim-Ahn, G Van Albert, S Putnak, JR King, A Raengsakulsrach, B Christ-Schmidt, H Gilson, K Zahradnik, JM Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Saluzzo, JF Hoke, CH TI Safety and immunogenicity of attenuated dengue virus vaccines (Aventis Pasteur) in human volunteers SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE dengue; vaccine; tetravalent; virus ID RESPONSES; FEVER AB A randomized, controlled, double-blinded study was conducted to determine safety and immunogenicity of five live attenuated dengue vaccines produced by Aventis pasteur (AvP). The study was completed with 40 flavivirus non-immune volunteers: five recipients of each monovalent (dengue-l, dengue-2, dengue-3, or dengue-3) vaccine, ten recipients of tetravalent (dengue-l. dengue-2, dengue-3, and dengue-3) vaccine, and ten recipients of vaccine vehicle alone. All vaccines were administered in a single subcutaneous dose (range, 3.6-4.4 log(10) plaque forming units). No serious adverse reactions occurred in volunteers followed for 6 months after vaccination. Five vaccine recipients developed fever ( T greater than or equal to 38.0 degreesC), including four tetravalent vaccinees between days 8 and 10 after vaccination. Dengue-l, dengue-2, dengue-3, or dengue-4 vaccine recipients reported similar frequency of mild symptoms of headache, malaise, and eye pain. Tetravalent vaccinees noted more moderate symptoms with onset from study days 8-11 and developed maculopapular rashes distributed over trunk and extremities. Transient neutropenia (white blood cells < 4000/mm(3)) was noted after vaccination but not thrombocytopenia (platelets < 100000/mm(3)). All dengue-3, dengue-4, and tetravalent vaccine recipients were viremic between days 7 and 12 but viremia was rarely detected in dengue-l or dengue-2 vaccinees. All dengue-2, dengue-3, and dengue-4, and 60% of dengue-l vaccine recipients developed neutralizing and/or immunoglobulin M antibodies. AH tetravalent vaccine recipients were viremic with dengue-3 virus and developed neutralizing antibodies to dengue-3 virus. Seven volunteers also had multivalent antibody responses, yet the highest antibody titers were against dengue-3 virus. The AvP live attenuated dengue virus vaccines are safe and tolerable in humans. The live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine was most reactogenic, and preferential replication of dengue-3 virus may have affected its infectivity and immunogenicity. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DCD&I, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Stat Collaborat, Washington, DC USA. Aventis Pasteur USA, Swiftwater, PA USA. Aventis Pasteur, Marcy Letoile, France. RP Kanesa-thasan, N (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DCD&I, Dept Virus Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI chen, xuanlan/H-4158-2011; Zahradnik, Jiri/P-9682-2016 OI Zahradnik, Jiri/0000-0002-1307-2957 NR 21 TC 146 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 30 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 23-24 BP 3179 EP 3188 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00020-2 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 430NA UT WOS:000168579000019 PM 11312014 ER PT J AU Fellows, PF Linscott, MK Ivins, BE Pitt, MLM Rossi, CA Gibbs, PH Friedlander, AM AF Fellows, PF Linscott, MK Ivins, BE Pitt, MLM Rossi, CA Gibbs, PH Friedlander, AM TI Efficacy of a human anthrax vaccine in guinea pigs, rabbits, and rhesus macaques against challenge by Bacillus anthracis isolates of diverse geographical origin SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; vaccine; rabbit; guinea pig; rhesus macaque ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; INHALATION ANTHRAX; SPORE CHALLENGE; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNITY; ADJUVANTS; RELEVANCE; TOXIN AB The efficacy of a licensed human anthrax vaccine (Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA)) was tested in guinea pigs, rabbits, and rhesus macaques against spore challenge by Bacillus anthracis isolates of diverse geographical origin. Initially, groups of Hartley guinea pigs were vaccinated at 0 and 4 weeks with AVA, then challenged intramuscularly at 10 weeks with spores from 33 isolates of B. anthracis. Survival among the vaccinated groups varied from 6 to 100%, although there were no differences in mean time to death among the groups. There was no correlation between isolate virulence and variable number tandem repeat category or protective antigen genotype identified. New Zealand white rabbits were then vaccinated with AVA at 0 and 4 weeks, and challenged at 10 weeks by aerosol with spores from six of the isolates that were highly virulent in vaccinated guinea pigs. AVA completely protected the rabbits from four of the isolates, and protected 90% of the animals from the other two isolates. Subsequently, two of these six isolates were then used to challenge rhesus macaques, previously vaccinated with AVA at 0 and 4 weeks, and challenged at 10 weeks by aerosol. AVA protected 80 and 100% of the animals from these two isolates. These studies demonstrated that, although AVA confers variable protection against different B. anthracis isolates in guinea pigs, it is highly protective against these same isolates in both rabbits and rhesus macaques. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Biometr & Informat Management Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Fellows, PF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 32 TC 140 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 30 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 23-24 BP 3241 EP 3247 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00021-4 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 430NA UT WOS:000168579000025 PM 11312020 ER PT J AU He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L AF He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L TI Multilevel fast multipole algorithm for three-dimensional dielectric targets in the vicinity of a lossy half space SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE dielectric scatter; fast multipole algorithm; electromagnetic scattering ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; ARBITRARY SHAPE; SURFACES AB The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is applied to the problem of a general three-dimensional dielectric target above or below a lossy half space. The dyadic half-space Green's function is evaluated rigorously for the "near" MLFMA interactions, while an asymptotic Green's function approximation is applied for the "far" interactions. The model is discussed, and results are compared with those from a rigorous method-of-moments (MoM) analysis. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP He, JQ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD APR 20 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 2 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1002/mop.1097 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 412PV UT WOS:000167564300011 ER PT J AU Hyams, KC Riddle, J Rubertone, M Trump, D Alter, MJ Cruess, DF Han, XH Nainam, OV Seeff, LB Mazzuchi, JF Bailey, S AF Hyams, KC Riddle, J Rubertone, M Trump, D Alter, MJ Cruess, DF Han, XH Nainam, OV Seeff, LB Mazzuchi, JF Bailey, S TI Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in the US military: A seroepidemiologic survey of 21,000 troops SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hepatitis; hepatitis C; hepatitis C antibodies; hepatitis C, chronic; hepatitis, viral, human; hepatitis viruses; military medicine; substance abuse, intravenous ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; CLINICAL OUTCOMES; RISK-FACTORS; DRUG-USE; PERSONNEL; TRANSMISSION; PARTNERS; JAPAN AB Because of a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (10-20%) among veterans seeking care in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, current US military forces were evaluated for HCV infection. Banked serum samples were randomly selected from military personnel serving in 1997 and were tested for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). Overall prevalence of anti-HCV among 10,000 active-duty personnel was 0.48% (5/1,000 troops); prevalence increased with age from 0.1% among military recruits and active-duty personnel aged <30 years to 3.0% among troops aged 40 years. Prevalence among 2,000 Reservists and active-duty troops was similar. Based on sequential serum samples from 7,368 active-duty personnel (34,020 person-years of observation), annual incidence of infection was 2/10,000. Of 81 HCV RNA-positive troops for whom genotype was determined, genotypes 1a (63%) and 1b (22%) predominated, as in the civilian population. These data indicate that HCV infection risk among current military forces is lower than in VA studies and the general civilian population aged <40 years. The low level of HCV infection may be attributed to infrequent injection drug use in the military due to mandatory testing for illicit drugs prior to induction and throughout military service. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Pentagon, Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Washington, DC USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hepatitis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20422 USA. RP Hyams, KC (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 39 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 8 BP 764 EP 770 DI 10.1093/aje/153.8.764 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 422AC UT WOS:000168094900006 PM 11296148 ER PT J AU Pincus, SH Cawthra, EM McRae, KA Braff, DL Adler, LE AF Pincus, SH Cawthra, EM McRae, KA Braff, DL Adler, LE TI Impaired auditory sensory gating in soldiers preparing for extended deployment to Bosnia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN Reserve, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 138 BP 39S EP 39S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000136 ER PT J AU Hazlett, G Lieberman, H Morgan, CA AF Hazlett, G Lieberman, H Morgan, CA TI Symptoms of dissociation in healthy soldiers participating in military training: What does it tell us about personality and performance? SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JFK Special Warfare Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. USARIEM, Natwick, MA USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 477 BP 138S EP 138S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000470 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Wang, S Richardson, G Zimolo, Z Hazlett, G AF Morgan, CA Wang, S Richardson, G Zimolo, Z Hazlett, G TI The relationship between cortisol, adrenal steroids DHEA(s) and objectively assessed military performance SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. JFK Special Warfare Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 478 BP 138S EP 138S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000471 ER PT J AU Taylor, PJ Jesser, WA Benson, JD Martinka, M Dinan, JH Bradshaw, J Lara-Taysing, M Leavitt, RP Simonis, G Chang, W Clark, WW Bertness, KA AF Taylor, PJ Jesser, WA Benson, JD Martinka, M Dinan, JH Bradshaw, J Lara-Taysing, M Leavitt, RP Simonis, G Chang, W Clark, WW Bertness, KA TI Optoelectronic device performance on reduced threading dislocation density GaAs/Si SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SI; GROWTH; SILICON; SUBSTRATE; INTEGRATION; NUCLEATION; QUALITY; SURFACE; ISSUES AB A technique for the heteroepitaxy of GaAs/Si films having reduced threading dislocation density is presented. The important attribute of this technique is the suppression of three-dimensional Volmer-Weber island formation during initial deposition. This suppression is achieved by deposition of a stoichiometric GaAs buffer layer by a migration-enhanced epitaxy technique on silicon at 348 K to a thickness greater than the "monolithic thickness," h(m). Subsequent GaAs films deposited by conventional molecular beam epitaxy on buffer layers of thickness greater than h(m) possess structural and optical characteristics that exceed those for state-of-the-art GaAs/Si layers: an x-ray full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 110 arcsec with a dislocation density at the film surface of 3x10(6) cm(-2) and a concomitant 4 K photoluminescence FWHM of 2.1 meV. The p-i-n structures suitable for use as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that were grown on the reduced threading dislocation density GaAs/Si and by means of forward- and reverse-bias measurements, demonstrated an ideality factor of n=1.5, an increased reverse-bias breakdown electric field of 2.1x10(7) V/m, and an intrinsic region resistivity of 4x10(7) Omega cm for LEDs of increasingly smaller mesa size. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Optoelect Div 815, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Taylor, PJ (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RI Bradshaw, John/E-8330-2011 NR 42 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 8 BP 4365 EP 4375 DI 10.1063/1.1347000 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 417HB UT WOS:000167828500023 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Joshi, PC Ervin, M AF Cole, MW Joshi, PC Ervin, M TI Fabrication and characterization of pulse laser deposited Ni2Si Ohmic contacts on n-SiC for high power and high temperature device applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; NICKEL AB Ni2Si Ohmic contacts were fabricated via pulsed laser deposition on n-SiC. The contacts electrical, structural, compositional, and surface morphological properties were investigated as a function of annealing temperatures ranging from 700 to 950 degreesC. The as-deposited and 700 degreesC annealed contacts were non-Ohmic. Annealing at 950 degreesC yielded excellent Ohmic behavior, an abrupt void free interface, and a smooth surface morphology. No residual carbon was present within the contact metallization or at the contact-SiC interface and the contact showed no appreciable thickness increase as a result of the annealing process. Our results demonstrate that aside from maintaining the desirable electrical integrity associated with Ni and Ni/Si Ohmic contacts, the Ni2Si Ohmic contacts possessed improved interfacial, compositional, microstructural, and surface properties which are required for reliable high temperature and high power device operation. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 8 BP 4413 EP 4416 DI 10.1063/1.1357777 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 417HB UT WOS:000167828500031 ER PT J AU Colbeck, SC AF Colbeck, SC TI Sintering of unequal grains SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; DENSIFICATION; CERAMICS; SURFACE AB This theory shows that, as the ratio of the grain sizes increases, the boundary between the grains becomes more highly curved and the smaller grain becomes more deeply embedded in the larger one. At a ratio of only 1.57, the exposed portion of the small grain is too small to allow it to bond to a third, larger grain, and it cannot effectively connect to a chain of grains. For equal grains the theory reduces to the earlier theory but, as the size ratio increases, the stress gradient in the grain boundary decreases and the grain boundary becomes more tightly curved. These two factors decrease the rate of bonding, which decreases as either the ratio of the sizes, or their absolute sizes, increase. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Colbeck, SC (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 10 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 8 BP 4612 EP 4618 DI 10.1063/1.1356427 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 417HB UT WOS:000167828500059 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Murphy, T Howard, RS Lucas, MS Goodrich, A Park, K Pearson, M Waselenko, JK Ling, G Grever, MR Grillo-Lopez, AJ Rosenberg, J Kunkel, L Flinn, IW AF Byrd, JC Murphy, T Howard, RS Lucas, MS Goodrich, A Park, K Pearson, M Waselenko, JK Ling, G Grever, MR Grillo-Lopez, AJ Rosenberg, J Kunkel, L Flinn, IW TI Rituximab using a thrice weekly dosing schedule in B-Cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma demonstrates clinical activity and acceptable toxicity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; CYTOKINE-RELEASE SYNDROME; PHASE-II; IDEC-C2B8; TRIAL; SURVIVAL; THERAPY; INTERLEUKIN-8; APOPTOSIS AB Purpose: Rituximab has been reported to have little activity in small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and to be associated with significant infusion-related toxicity. This study sought to decrease the initial toxicity and optimize the pharmocokinetics with an alternative treatment schedule. Patients and Methods: Thirty three patients with SLL/CLL received dose 1 of rituximab (100 mg) over 4 hours. In cohort I (n = 3; 250 mg/m(2)) and cohort II (n = 7; 375 mg/m2) rituximab was administered on day 3 and thereafter three times weekly for 4 weeks using a standard administration schedule. Cohort Ill(n = 23; 375 mg/m2) administered rituximab similar to cohort II for the first two treatments and then over 1 hour thereafter. Results: A total of 33 CLL/SLL patients were enrolled; only one patient discontinued therapy because of infusion-related toxicity. Thirteen patients developed transient hypoxemia, hypotension, or dyspnea that were associated with significant changes in baseline interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma compared with those not experiencing such reactions. Infusion-related toxicity occurred more commonly in older (median age 73 v 62 years; P = .02) patients with no other pretreatment clinical or laboratory Features predicting occurrence of these events. The overall response rate was 45% (3% CR, 42% PR; 95% CI 28% to 64%). Median response duration for these 15 patients was 10 months (95% CI, 6.8-13.2; range, 3 to 17+). Conclusion: Rituximab administered thrice weekly for 4 weeks demonstrates clinical efficacy and acceptable toxicity. Initial infusion-related events seem to be cytokine mediated and resolve by the third infusion making rapid administration possible. Future combination studies of rituximab with other therapies in CLL seem warranted. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Idec Pharmaceut Corp, San Diego, CA USA. Genentech Pharmaceut Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Med, 320 W 10th Ave,Room 302 SL, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 37 TC 354 Z9 363 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 8 BP 2153 EP 2164 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 423LT UT WOS:000168178300006 PM 11304767 ER PT J AU Resio, DT Pihl, JH Tracy, BA Vincent, CL AF Resio, DT Pihl, JH Tracy, BA Vincent, CL TI Nonlinear energy fluxes and the finite depth equilibrium range in wave spectra SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID LINEAR DISPERSION CHARACTERISTICS; GENERATED GRAVITY-WAVES; BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS; OCEAN WAVES; WATER; FORM; DISSIPATION; EVOLUTION; MODEL AB Results using a finite depth representation of Webb's [1978] transformation of Herterich and Hasselmann's [1980] equation for the rate of change of energy density in a random-phase, spatially homogeneous, finite depth wave spectrum show that the equilibrium range in finite depth preserves a k(-2.5) form consistent with Resio and Perrie's [1991] deepwater results and that the relaxation time toward an equilibrium range in shallow water is considerably faster than in deep water. Results from this finite depth nonlinear energy transfer representation compared to previously calculated results of analytical spectral situations show agreement, and the finite depth Zakharov [1968] and Herterich and Hasselmann [1980] forms are shown to be numerically equivalent. Spectral analyses of matching wave spectra sets at sites in 8 and 18 m depths at Duck, North Carolina, show a k(-2.5) shape in the equilibrium range and show energy gains above the spectral peak and at high frequencies with energy loss in the midrange of frequencies near the spectral peak, consistent with four-wave interactions. Spectral energy losses between these two sites correlate with spectral energy fluxes to high frequencies, again consistent with four-wave interactions. The equilibrium range coefficient shows strong dependence on friction velocity at both gages. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Resio, DT (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3908 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 106 IS C4 BP 6985 EP 7000 DI 10.1029/2000JC900153 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 422UJ UT WOS:000168137400011 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL Pattison, MJ Belcher, SE AF Andreas, EL Pattison, MJ Belcher, SE TI "Production rates of sea-spray droplets" by M.J. Pattison and S.E. Belcher: Clarification and elaboration SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL CONCENTRATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLUXES; LAYER AB The recent paper by Pattison and Belcher [1999] contains some mathematical errors that led to their misinterpreting how well their spray generation function agrees with one reported by Andreas [1992]. We here correct that mathematical error and show that now, Pattison and Belcher's results agree reasonably well with Andreas's and with other spray generation functions published by Smith et al. [1993] and Andreas [1998]. The main differences among these functions are explained by the fact that the Andreas functions apply right at the sea surface while the Pattison and Belcher and Smith et al. functions are appropriate only for spray droplets reaching heights of at least 1 and 14 m, respectively. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6AU, Berks, England. MindFlash Technol Inc, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. RP USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM eandreas@crrel.usace.army.mil RI Belcher, Stephen/G-2911-2011 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 106 IS C4 BP 7157 EP 7161 DI 10.1029/2000JC000233 PG 5 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 422UJ UT WOS:000168137400023 ER PT J AU Taylor, DN Sanchez, J Cardenas, V Gilman, RE Sadoff, J AF Taylor, DN Sanchez, J Cardenas, V Gilman, RE Sadoff, J TI Misleading negative findings in a field trial of killed, oral cholera vaccine in Peru - Reply SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID RECOMBINANT-B-SUBUNIT; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; FOLLOW-UP; VOLUNTEERS; BANGLADESH C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Merck Res Labs, Div Clin Res Vaccines, W Point, PA USA. Naval Med Res Inst Detachment, Lima, Peru. PRISMA, Lima, Peru. RP Taylor, DN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Forest Glen Annex,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 8 BP 1308 EP 1309 DI 10.1086/319682 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 414PE UT WOS:000167674600026 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Fedorov, I Stroscio, MA AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Fedorov, I Stroscio, MA TI Generation of coherent confined LO phonons under the drift of two-dimensional electrons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INAS/ALSB QUANTUM-WELLS; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; ACOUSTIC PHONONS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; INTERFACE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSITION; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS AB This paper addresses the effect of generation of confined LO phonons by drifting electrons in quantum wells. We have obtained a general formula for the phonon increment as a function of the phonon wave vector? the electron drift velocity, and parameters of the structure, The kinetic parameters of the drifting electrons are estimated by using momentum and energy balance equations for electron scattering by the confined optical phonons. We have performed numerical estimates of the phonon increment, as well as the phonon lifetimes, and found that AlAs/GaAs/AlAs and GaSb/InSb/CaSb quantum well structures with high drift velocities can demonstrate the effect of generation of the coherent confined optical modes. Essentially, the phonon increment has a maximum as a function of the wave vector. This implies a strong selection of the generated phonon modes. We briefly discuss the nonlinear electron mechanism which stabilizes the increase of the phonon populations and provides for the steady-state phonon generation. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Komirenko, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 16 AR 165308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.165308 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 426HH UT WOS:000168343400058 ER PT J AU Belenky, G Williams, JD Redmond, DP Reichardt, RM Russo, MB Sing, HC Thomas, ML Thorne, DR Wesensten, NJ Balkin, TJ AF Belenky, G Williams, JD Redmond, DP Reichardt, RM Russo, MB Sing, HC Thomas, ML Thorne, DR Wesensten, NJ Balkin, TJ TI Individual differences in performance degradation and subsequent recovery in volunteers allowed 3 hours sleep time over 7 days SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 46 BP A29 EP A30 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900048 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, DA Drake, AI Magnus, N Gray, N McDonald, EC AF Bradshaw, DA Drake, AI Magnus, N Gray, N McDonald, EC TI Pre-injury sleep complaints in patients with mild traumatic brain injury SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. USA, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, San Diego, CA USA. RI Sanguansri, Luz/B-6630-2011 OI Sanguansri, Luz/0000-0003-1908-7604 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 662 BP A374 EP A375 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900660 ER PT J AU Caldwell, J Prazinko, BF AF Caldwell, J Prazinko, BF TI The relationship among circadian rhythms in mood, cortisol, and melatonin SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 318 BP A189 EP A190 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900319 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JA Hall, KK AF Caldwell, JA Hall, KK TI The effects of 40 hours of continuous wakefulness on EEG power and flight performance SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 48 BP A31 EP A31 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900050 ER PT J AU Johnson, SJ Kristo, D Eliasson, A Netzer, N Andrada, T Taylor, Y AF Johnson, SJ Kristo, D Eliasson, A Netzer, N Andrada, T Taylor, Y TI Effects of esophageal pressure monitoring on total arousal index and apnea/hypopnea index during nocturnal polysomnography SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 527 BP A302 EP A303 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900526 ER PT J AU Kall, KK Caldwell, JA AF Kall, KK Caldwell, JA TI Telemetered EEG data collected from sleep-deprived aviators SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 410 BP A241 EP A242 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900411 ER PT J AU Kristo, DA Eliasson, AH Netzer, N Taylor, Y Andrada, T AF Kristo, DA Eliasson, AH Netzer, N Taylor, Y Andrada, T TI A case series in upper airway resistance syndrome masquerading as periodic limb movements of sleep SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 433 BP A255 EP A255 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900434 ER PT J AU Kristo, DA Johnson, SJ Samanez, E Eliasson, A Netzer, N Andrada, T Taylor, Y AF Kristo, DA Johnson, SJ Samanez, E Eliasson, A Netzer, N Andrada, T Taylor, Y TI Predicting the diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome using total arousal index SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 522 BP A300 EP A300 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900521 ER PT J AU Reichardt, RM Wesensten, NJ Kautz, MA Belenky, G Balkin, TJ AF Reichardt, RM Wesensten, NJ Kautz, MA Belenky, G Balkin, TJ TI Modafinil and caffeine improve alertness during sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 414 BP A244 EP A244 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900415 ER PT J AU Wesensten, NJ Kautz, MA Belenky, G Balkin, TJ AF Wesensten, NJ Kautz, MA Belenky, G Balkin, TJ TI Modafinil and caffeine reverse sleep deprivation/fatigue effects on performance SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 415 BP A244 EP A245 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900416 ER PT J AU Gray, RH Wawer, MJ Brookmeyer, R Sewankambo, NK Serwadda, D Wabwire-Mangen, F Lutalo, T Li, XB vanCott, T Quinn, TC AF Gray, RH Wawer, MJ Brookmeyer, R Sewankambo, NK Serwadda, D Wabwire-Mangen, F Lutalo, T Li, XB vanCott, T Quinn, TC CA Rakal Project Team TI Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; TYPE-1; FEMALE; RELIABILITY; BEHAVIORS; PARTNERS; AFRICA; AIDS AB Background The probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in representative African populations is unknown. We aimed to calculate this probability overall, and to estimate how it is affected by various factors thought to influence infectivity. Methods 174 monogamous couples, in which one partner was HIV-1 positive, were retrospectively identified from a population cohort in Rakai, Uganda. Frequency of intercourse and reliability of reporting within couples was assessed prospectively, HIV-1 seroconversion was determined in the uninfected partners, and HIV-1 viral load was measured in the infected partners. Adjusted rate ratios of transmission per coital act were estimated by Poisson regression. Probabilities of transmission per act were estimated by log-log binomial regression for quartiles of age and HIV-1 viral load, and for symptoms or diagnoses of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the HIV-1-infected partners. Results The mean frequency of intercourse was 8.9 per month, which declined with age and HIV-1 viral load. Members of couples reported similar frequencies of intercourse. The overall unadjusted probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act was 0.0011 (95% CI 0.0008-0.0015). Transmission probabilities increased from 0.0001 per act at viral loads of less than 1700 copies/mL to 0.0023 per act at 38 500 copies/mL or more (p=0.002), and were 0.0041 with genital ulceration versus 0.0011 without (p=0.02). Transmission probabilities per act did not differ significantly by HIV-1 subtypes A and D, sex, STDs, or symptoms of discharge or dysuria in the HIV-l-positive partner. Interpretation Higher viral load and genital ulceration are the main determinants of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in this Ugandan population. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Columbia Univ, Heilbrun Ctr Populat & Family Hlth, Joseph L Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. Makerere Univ, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. Makerere Univ, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Kampala, Uganda. Makerere Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. Uganda Virus Res Inst, Rakai Project, Entebbe, Uganda. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gray, RH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Suite 4030,615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Quinn, Thomas/A-2494-2010; OI Sewankambo, Nelson/0000-0001-9362-053X FU FIC NIH HHS [5D43TW00010, D43 TW001508]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI3426S, R01 AI34826]; NICHD NIH HHS [5P30HD06826] NR 28 TC 798 Z9 818 U1 2 U2 34 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 14 PY 2001 VL 357 IS 9263 BP 1149 EP 1153 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04331-2 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 423RX UT WOS:000168192100008 PM 11323041 ER PT J AU Uthaipibull, C Aufiero, B Syed, SEH Hansen, B Guevara Patino, JA Angov, E Ling, IT Fegeding, K Morgan, WD Ockenhouse, C Birdsall, B Feeney, J Lyon, JA Holder, AA AF Uthaipibull, C Aufiero, B Syed, SEH Hansen, B Guevara Patino, JA Angov, E Ling, IT Fegeding, K Morgan, WD Ockenhouse, C Birdsall, B Feeney, J Lyon, JA Holder, AA TI Inhibitory and blocking monoclonal antibody epitopes on merozoite surface protein 1 of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MSP-1; inhibitory antibodies; malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; immune evasion ID 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SCHIZONT ANTIGEN; RESOLUTION; FRAGMENT; INVASION; COMPLEX AB Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) is a precursor to major antigens on the surface of Plasmodium spp. merozoites, which are involved in erythrocyte binding and invasion. MSP-1 is initially processed into smaller fragments; and at the time of erythrocyte invasion one of these of 42 kDa (MSP-1(42)) is subjected to a second processing, producing 33 kDa and 19 kDa fragments (MSP-1(33) and MSP-1(19)). Certain MSP-1-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) react with conformational epitopes contained within the two epidermal growth factor domains that comprise MSP-1(19), and are classified as either inhibitory (inhibit processing of MSP-1(42) and erythrocyte invasion), blocking (block the binding and function of the inhibitory mAb), or neutral (neither inhibitory nor blocking). We have mapped the epitopes for inhibitory mAbs 12.8 and 12.10, and blocking mAbs such as 1E1 and 7.5 by using site-directed mutagenesis to change specific amino acid residues in MSP-1(19) and abolish antibody binding, and by using PEPSCAN to measure the reaction of the antibodies with every octapeptide within MSP-1(42). Twenty-six individual amino acid residue changes were made and the effect of each on the binding of mAbs was assessed by Western blotting and BIAcore analysis. Individual changes had either no effect, or reduced, or completely abolished the binding of individual mAbs. No two antibodies had an identical pattern of reactivity with the modified proteins. Using PEPSCAN each mAb reacted with a number of octapeptides, most of which were derived from within the first epidermal growth factor domain, although 1E1 also reacted with peptides spanning the processing site. When the single amino acid changes and the reactive peptides were mapped onto the three-dimensional structure of MSP-1(19), it was apparent that the epitopes for the mAbs could be defined more fully by using a combination of both mutagenesis and PEPSCAN than by either method alone, and differences in the fine specificity of binding for all the different antibodies could be distinguished. The incorporation of several specific amino acid changes enabled the design of proteins that bound inhibitory but not blocking antibodies. These may be suitable for the development of MSP-1-based vaccines against malaria. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, London NW7 1AA, England. Natl Inst Med Res, Div Mol Struct, London NW7 1AA, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC USA. RP Holder, AA (reprint author), Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, England. RI Holder, Anthony/A-7554-2013 OI Holder, Anthony/0000-0002-8490-6058 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117532067] NR 28 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD APR 13 PY 2001 VL 307 IS 5 BP 1381 EP 1394 DI 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4574 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 427BY UT WOS:000168386000018 PM 11292349 ER PT J AU Alexandrov, P Tone, K Luo, Y Zhao, JH Burke, T Pan, M Weiner, M AF Alexandrov, P Tone, K Luo, Y Zhao, JH Burke, T Pan, M Weiner, M TI High performance C plus Al co-implanted 5000V 4H-SiC P+ iN diode SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Planar C plus Al co-implanted 5000V PiN diodes with an effective multistep junction termination extension were desired, modelled and fabricated. The diode I-V characteristics measured at different temperatures along with the multistep junction extension termination design dimensions are reported, showing the realisation of a near-perfect edge termination and a record high current density for the 29.33 mum 1 x 10(15)cm(-3) doped n(-) 4H-SiC drift layer used in this study. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept ECE, SiCLAB, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48090 USA. United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Alexandrov, P (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept ECE, SiCLAB, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD APR 12 PY 2001 VL 37 IS 8 BP 531 EP 533 DI 10.1049/el:20010322 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 426YH UT WOS:000168377000042 ER PT J AU Rauh, RD Wang, F Reynolds, JR Meeker, DL AF Rauh, RD Wang, F Reynolds, JR Meeker, DL TI High coloration efficiency electrochromics and their application to multi-color devices SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-4) CY AUG 21-23, 2000 CL UPPSALA, SWEDEN SP Angstrom Solar Ctr, Swedish Fdn Strateg Environm Res, Natl Swedish Energy Author DE polythiophenes; color; PEDOT; electrochromism; conductive polymer; WO3 ID POLYMERS; WINDOWS AB Electrochromic materials could be used to make very rapid, efficient displays and light modulators if they can be developed with sufficiently high coloration efficiency. Electrochemically active conjugated polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-didodecyloxybenzene) (PEB) are identified that display unusually high coloration efficiencies in narrow wavelength ranges. Since WO, is a low coloration efficiency material in comparison, it can be used as a counter electrode in charge-balanced variable transmittance cells with FEB. A maximum coloration efficiency of similar to 1250 cm(2) C-1 at 552 nm is reported for a PEB-WO3 device. A conductive polymer with complementary colors to PEB, poly(3,6-bis(2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy)-thienyl)-N-eicosylcarbazole) (PBEDOT-Cz(C20H41)), was also assembled into a variable transmittance cell. The two cells in series and independently controlled were shown to cover a two-dimensional surface in color space. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Macromol Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rauh, RD (reprint author), EIC Labs Inc, 111 Downey St, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. NR 15 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 7 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD APR 2 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 13-14 BP 2023 EP 2029 DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00419-4 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 422TM UT WOS:000168135400018 ER PT J AU Ammann, JR Cancanon, F Paulus, BF Thompson, GA AF Ammann, JR Cancanon, F Paulus, BF Thompson, GA TI Chiral HPLC analysis of vasoconstrictor degradation in local anesthetic injections SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Dent Res Detachment, Chem Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. US Army Dent Res Detachment, Dent Biomat Brance, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM jeffrey.ammann@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 30-ANYL BP U73 EP U73 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824704769 ER PT J AU Biba, E Lin, AJ AF Biba, E Lin, AJ TI Studies on 1,5-naphthyridine (Meisenheimer revisited). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div ET, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 191-ORGN BP U136 EP U136 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824800749 ER PT J AU Bossle, PC Malcom, S Wagner, GW Hsu, FL AF Bossle, PC Malcom, S Wagner, GW Hsu, FL TI Conformational analysis of HPLC separated 5-substituted cis- and trans-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dithiarsenanes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, ECBC, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT TC, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 34-ANYL BP U74 EP U74 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824700295 ER PT J AU Braue, EH Doxzon, BF Nohe, TL Stoemer, RL Yin, R Qin, D Hobson, ST AF Braue, EH Doxzon, BF Nohe, TL Stoemer, RL Yin, R Qin, D Hobson, ST TI Nanomaterials as active components in chemical warfare agent barrier creams. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM ernest.braue@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 320-IEC BP U617 EP U617 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703933 ER PT J AU Bu, XR Liang, S Hsu, FL AF Bu, XR Liang, S Hsu, FL TI Highly efficient asymmetric cyanation of substituted benzaldehydes by a new salen catalyst. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. USA, Chem & Biol Def Command, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 218-ORGN BP U141 EP U141 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824800776 ER PT J AU Card, DA Folmer, DE Wisniewski, ES Castleman, AW AF Card, DA Folmer, DE Wisniewski, ES Castleman, AW TI Coulomb explosion and kinetic energy release in heterocyclic compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 378-PHYS BP U290 EP U290 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801700 ER PT J AU Castleman, AW Card, D Folmer, D Wisniewski, E Stairs, J Hurley, S Dermota, T AF Castleman, AW Card, D Folmer, D Wisniewski, E Stairs, J Hurley, S Dermota, T TI Studies of cluster dynamics and coulomb explosion in intense optical fields. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 375-PHYS BP U290 EP U290 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801697 ER PT J AU Chambi, I Payne, M Wilson, L Famini, G AF Chambi, I Payne, M Wilson, L Famini, G TI Using theoretical descriptors in linear free energy relationships: PKA. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM mpayne@lasierra.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 156-COMP BP U414 EP U414 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824702920 ER PT J AU Choi, YK Haye, R Clark, MM Kim, BJ AF Choi, YK Haye, R Clark, MM Kim, BJ TI Feasibility study for the concentration of TNT and RDX from pink water using Equilibrium Dialysis with nonionic and cationic surfactant micelles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RI Clark, Mark /E-3509-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 484-COLL BP U382 EP U382 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824702729 ER PT J AU Curtin, MA Taub, I Kustin, K Sao, N AF Curtin, MA Taub, I Kustin, K Sao, N TI Ascorbate induced oxidation of formate by persulfate: Carbon dioxide and oxalate yields. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Stonehill Coll, Dept Chem, Easton, MA 02375 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 347-PHYS BP U286 EP U286 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801669 ER PT J AU DeLisa, MP Wu, CF Bentley, WE Valdes, JJ AF DeLisa, MP Wu, CF Bentley, WE Valdes, JJ TI Tapping the lines of cell-to-cell communication in Escherichia coli: Perspectives on signaling dynamics and circuit architecture. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, Dept Chem Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 61-BTEC BP U463 EP U463 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802804 ER PT J AU Fossey, SA AF Fossey, SA TI Atomistic simulation of the mechanical properties of polymers in nanometer size galleries. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, SBCCOM, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM fosseys@natick.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 293-IEC BP U612 EP U613 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703906 ER PT J AU Foster, DL Wolfenstine, J Read, JR Behl, WK AF Foster, DL Wolfenstine, J Read, JR Behl, WK TI Nano-scale composite materials for Li-ion battery anodes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dfoster@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 296-IEC BP U613 EP U613 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703909 ER PT J AU Frey, P Newman, N Watts, RJ Porter, AL AF Frey, P Newman, N Watts, RJ Porter, AL TI Application of text mining in strategic technical planning. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Search Technol Inc, Norcross, GA 30071 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Washington, DC USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Technol Policy & Assessment Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM paulf@searchtech.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 57-CINF BP U287 EP U287 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824702172 ER PT J AU Hird, GS Lee, S McIntosh, TJ Grinstaff, MW AF Hird, GS Lee, S McIntosh, TJ Grinstaff, MW TI Physical properties of novel carbohydrate based phospholipid bilayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Paul M Gross Chem Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM gshird@chem.duke.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 57-COLL BP U316 EP U316 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824702305 ER PT J AU Hobson, ST Braue, EH AF Hobson, ST Braue, EH TI Development of multifunctional perfluorinated polymer blends as an active barrier cream against chemical warfare agents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 44-PMSE BP U364 EP U364 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802174 ER PT J AU Hobson, ST Sartori, DA AF Hobson, ST Sartori, DA TI In situ NMR analysis of chemical warfare agent simulants and their reaction products with nanomaterials in a perfluoropolymer matrix. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM stephen.hobson@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 319-IEC BP U617 EP U617 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703932 ER PT J AU Inouye, L AF Inouye, L TI Evaluation of earthworm chronic toxicity assays. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM inouyel@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 45-AGRO BP U52 EP U52 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824700183 ER PT J AU Inouye, LS McFarland, VA Ang, CY AF Inouye, LS McFarland, VA Ang, CY TI P450RGS: A cell-based assay for determining dioxin equivalents in environmental samples. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM inouyel@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 222-BIOT BP U144 EP U144 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824700694 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AL Yin, R Jensen, JL Durst, HD AF Jenkins, AL Yin, R Jensen, JL Durst, HD TI Molecularly imprinted polymers for the detection of chemical agents in water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ballist Res Lab, Div Mat, ATTN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 42-PMSE BP U364 EP U364 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802172 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AL Yin, R Jensen, JL Durst, HD AF Jenkins, AL Yin, R Jensen, JL Durst, HD TI Nanomaterials for the detection of chemical agents in water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Res Lab, Mat Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM ajenkins@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 114-IEC BP U571 EP U571 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703724 ER PT J AU Kaste, PJ Beyer, FL AF Kaste, PJ Beyer, FL TI Nanocomposite modification of energetic materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM pamkaste@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 269-IEC BP U609 EP U609 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703882 ER PT J AU Kovar, D AF Kovar, D TI Scientific opportunities in nuclear science. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Dept Energy, Div Nucl Phys, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 17-NUCL BP U67 EP U67 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824800377 ER PT J AU Labare, MP Hird, LC AF Labare, MP Hird, LC TI Sulfate release from 2-diisopropylaminoethylsulfonic acid, a derivative of the nerve agent VX, by taurine-utilizing baceteria. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10997 USA. EM smtp:mm7983@exmail.usma.edu; x12869@exmail.usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 503-CHED BP U177 EP U177 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824701471 ER PT J AU Miziolek, AW Wainner, RT McNesby, KL AF Miziolek, AW Wainner, RT McNesby, KL TI Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy: A novel tool for chemical composition characterization of nanoparticles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM miziolek@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 91-IEC BP U568 EP U568 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703702 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Berg, F Rohrbaugh, D McMahon, L Longo, F Durst, D AF Munavalli, S Berg, F Rohrbaugh, D McMahon, L Longo, F Durst, D TI Reactions of trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride with 1,5-cyclooctadiene. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, ECBC, Geo Ctr Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Sci Tech Serv Inc, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 579-ORGN BP U197 EP U197 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801135 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, D Berg, F Longo, F Durst, D AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, D Berg, F Longo, F Durst, D TI Microwave catalyzed reactions of dimethylphosphite with oxiranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Sci Tech Serv Inc, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 572-ORGN BP U196 EP U196 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801128 ER PT J AU Procell, LR Wagner, GW Yang, YC AF Procell, LR Wagner, GW Yang, YC TI Room temperature mineralization of chemical warfare agents using hydrogen peroxide - Pd/C. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM lawrence.procell@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 116-IEC BP U571 EP U571 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703726 ER PT J AU Rosado, JE AF Rosado, JE TI Food irradiation and the military. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 02035 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 22-NUCL BP U67 EP U67 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824800382 ER PT J AU Roy, S Nagarajan, R Yang, SZ Wu, PC Kumar, J Samuelson, L Bruno, F Parmar, VS Tripathy, S AF Roy, S Nagarajan, R Yang, SZ Wu, PC Kumar, J Samuelson, L Bruno, F Parmar, VS Tripathy, S TI Enzyme catalyzed chromophore functionalization of ribonucleic acid. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Delhi 110007, India. Univ Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 455-PMSE BP U427 EP U427 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802585 ER PT J AU Sanford, RA Moon, K Oh, SH Adrian, N AF Sanford, RA Moon, K Oh, SH Adrian, N TI Use of T-RFLP to identify TNT- and RDX-degrading bacterial populations in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 14-BTEC BP U456 EP U456 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802757 ER PT J AU Schreuder-Gibson, H Gibson, P Senecal, K Sennett, P Samuelson, L Walker, J Yeomans, W Ziegler, D Huang, ZP Wang, DZ Yang, SX Wen, JG Ren, ZF Hill, C Boring, E Klabunde, K Cheng, TC Yin, R AF Schreuder-Gibson, H Gibson, P Senecal, K Sennett, P Samuelson, L Walker, J Yeomans, W Ziegler, D Huang, ZP Wang, DZ Yang, SX Wen, JG Ren, ZF Hill, C Boring, E Klabunde, K Cheng, TC Yin, R TI Benefits of nanostructured fabrics: Property enhancements for military applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, AMSSB RSS MS, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USA, ECBC, Washington, DC 20005 USA. USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM Heidi.Gibson@natick.army.mil RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010; Senecal, Kris/F-3000-2013; Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 288-IEC BP U612 EP U612 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703901 ER PT J AU Senecal, KJ Ziegler, D Auerbach, M Schreuder-Gibson, H Samuelson, LA AF Senecal, KJ Ziegler, D Auerbach, M Schreuder-Gibson, H Samuelson, LA TI Nanofibrous composite membranes of semi-conducting and photoelectric materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Kris.Seneca@natick.army.mil RI Senecal, Kris/F-3000-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 358-IEC BP U622 EP U623 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703966 ER PT J AU Shuely, WJ Ince, BS AF Shuely, WJ Ince, BS TI Supercritical carbon dioxide interaction with polymeric materials: Sorption and desorption diffusion coefficient determinations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res & Technol Directorate, ECBC, SBCCOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 343-PMSE BP U410 EP U410 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802473 ER PT J AU Squires, TG Yaffe, RP Meyer, RA AF Squires, TG Yaffe, RP Meyer, RA TI Rare isotope researchers: The next generation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Associated Western Univ, Salt Lake City, UT 84124 USA. San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. USA, Dept Energy, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 21-NUCL BP U67 EP U67 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824800381 ER PT J AU Stair, EK McNicol, M AF Stair, EK McNicol, M TI Phytoremediation: Involving the plants Solidago rugosa and Spirea latifolia in environmental chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10997 USA. EM x13458@USMA.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 227-ENVR BP U481 EP U481 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703244 ER PT J AU Stenhouse, PJ Sung, CM AF Stenhouse, PJ Sung, CM TI Formation of aluminosilicate nanoparticles by mineralization of alkoxides onto multilayer polymer film templates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, AMSSB RSS M, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. EM peter.stenhouse@natick.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 101-IEC BP U569 EP U569 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703711 ER PT J AU Tan, NCB Beyer, FL Young, SK AF Tan, NCB Beyer, FL Young, SK TI Exploiting nanomaterials technology for the US Army's objective force. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM Nora.C.BeckTan@usa.dupont.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 352-IEC BP U622 EP U622 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703960 ER PT J AU Taub, IA LaGambina, S Roberts, W Kustin, K AF Taub, IA LaGambina, S Roberts, W Kustin, K TI Hydrated electrons as intermediates in the iron-activated, chloride-catalyzed reaction of magnesium with water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 305-PHYS BP U279 EP U279 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801627 ER PT J AU Thorn, KA Pennington, JC Hayes, CA AF Thorn, KA Pennington, JC Hayes, CA TI Transformation of TNT in an aerobic compost: Structure and reactivity effects in the covalent binding of aromatic amines to organic matter. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM kathorn@usgs.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 38-ENVR BP U450 EP U450 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703057 ER PT J AU Tripathy, S Liu, W Nagarajan, R Wu, PC Roy, S Kumar, J Bruno, FF Samuelson, L AF Tripathy, S Liu, W Nagarajan, R Wu, PC Roy, S Kumar, J Bruno, FF Samuelson, L TI Biological route to novel electronic and photonic materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biolog Chem Command, Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 211-POLY BP U325 EP U325 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824801932 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Procell, LR Koper, OB Klabunde, KJ AF Wagner, GW Procell, LR Koper, OB Klabunde, KJ TI Decontamination of chemical warfare agents with nanosize metal oxides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Nantek Inc, Manhattan, KS USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM george.wagner@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 115-IEC BP U571 EP U571 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703725 ER PT J AU Way, JL Petrikovics, I Jiang, J Yin, R Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ AF Way, JL Petrikovics, I Jiang, J Yin, R Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ TI Application of dentrimeric polymers as a drug carrier in pharmacology. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Res Lab, Army Chem & Biol Def Agcy, Washington, DC 20010 USA. USA Soldier Biol Chem Command, Army Chem & Biol Def Agcy, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 316-IEC BP U616 EP U616 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703929 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, JB Read, J Foster, D Behl, W AF Wolfenstine, JB Read, J Foster, D Behl, W TI Nano-scale alloy anodes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Army Res Lab, SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jwolfenstine@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 360-IEC BP U623 EP U623 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703968 ER PT J AU Yin, R Bratcher, MS Jenkins, AL Hydutsky, RP Cheng, R Durst, HD Emanuel, PA Hagnauer, GL AF Yin, R Bratcher, MS Jenkins, AL Hydutsky, RP Cheng, R Durst, HD Emanuel, PA Hagnauer, GL TI Dendrimer-based ALERT ticket: A novel nano-biodevice for bio-agent detection. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 474-PMSE BP U430 EP U430 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PJ UT WOS:000168824802604 ER PT J AU Yin, R Bratcher, MS Jenkins, AL Durst, HD Qin, D Cheng, TC Hobson, ST Braue, EH Way, JL AF Yin, R Bratcher, MS Jenkins, AL Durst, HD Qin, D Cheng, TC Hobson, ST Braue, EH Way, JL TI Nanobiotechnology for chemical and biological defense. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA Med Res, Inst Chem Def, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 315-IEC BP U616 EP U616 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824703928 ER PT J AU Gaertner, EM Tsokos, M Derringer, GA Neuhauser, RS Arciero, C Andriko, JW AF Gaertner, EM Tsokos, M Derringer, GA Neuhauser, RS Arciero, C Andriko, JW TI Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma - A report of four cases and review of the literature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interdigitating dendritic sarcoma; accessory cells; neoplasm; lymph node; tonsil ID LYMPH-NODE; RETICULUM CELLS; MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS; TUMOR; EXPRESSION; INTESTINE; PHENOTYPE; FEATURES; ENTITY; FASCIN AB To better define the clinical and pathologic features of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS), we report 4 cases, including the first reported in the tonsil. There were 2 male and 2 female patients (mean age, 70 years). Sites of tumor included I case each in the right cervical lymph node, left axillary lymph node, right tonsil, and right inguinal lymph node. Histologically, all showed diffuse effacement of the lymphoid tissue by pleomorphic round to spindled cells with convoluted nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. All were immunoreactive for S-100, CD68, lysozyme, and vimentin. CD45 was positive in 3 cases and CD1a in 1 case. Fascin was positive in 3 cases. Other immunostains, including CD3, CD20, CD21, CD30, actin, cytokeratin, and HMB-45, were negative. Ultrastructurally the tumor cells were elongated and showed indented nuclei, variable numbers of lysosomes, and interdigitating cytoplasmic processes. Follow-up was available for all cases. One patient died of widespread disease 2 months after diagnosis. One was alive with metastatic lung disease at 12 months. Two patients were disease free at 5 and 9 months. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Gaertner, EM (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Dermatopathol, 14th St & Alaska Ave NW,Bldg 54, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 40 TC 68 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLIN PATHOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 115 IS 4 BP 589 EP 597 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 416RM UT WOS:000167794000015 PM 11293908 ER PT J AU Rensch, MJ Szyjkowski, R Shaffer, RT Fink, S Kopecky, C Grissmer, L Enzenhauer, R Kadakia, S AF Rensch, MJ Szyjkowski, R Shaffer, RT Fink, S Kopecky, C Grissmer, L Enzenhauer, R Kadakia, S TI The prevalence of celiac disease autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLUTEN-SENSITIVE ENTEROPATHY AB OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus has been associated with false positive autoantibodies for primary biliary cirrhosis. chronic active hepatitis, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, syphilis, and scleroderma. An increased prevalence of autoantibodies are found in celiac disease and systemic lupus erythematosus, which share the human lymphocyte HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 histocompatibility antigens. This study examines the prevalence of celiac disease autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS: Patients observed in the Department of Rheumatology at our institutions in San Antonio, Texas with known systemic lupus erythematosus were offered participation in the study. One hundred three of the 130 patients contacted agreed to participate. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant or medically unable to undergo endoscopy. All volunteers were tested for the serological presence of IgA and IgM antigliadin and IgA antiendomysial antibodies. Those with positive serology underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with duodenal mucosal biopsy. RESULTS: Twenty-four of 103 (23.3%) systemic lupus erythematosus patients tested positive for either antigliadin antibody, whereas none of the 103 patients tested positive for antiendomysial antibody. None of the 24 antigliadin positive patients were found to have endoscopic or histological evidence of celiac disease, making the false positive rate of antigliadin antibody 23%. CONCLUSION: The presence of false positive antigliadin antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is common. Despite shared human lymphocyte antigen loci there does not seem to be an association between celiac disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. (Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96.1113-1115. (C) 2001 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology). C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rensch, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1113 EP 1115 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 422RR UT WOS:000168133500034 PM 11316156 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Boal, TR Oliver, DK Boocks, C Poropatich, RK Yuan, CM Welch, PG AF Abbott, KC Boal, TR Oliver, DK Boocks, C Poropatich, RK Yuan, CM Welch, PG TI International use of an academic nephrology website SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Telemed Directorate, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 1 BP A11 EP A11 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400034 ER PT J AU Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Taylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC AF Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Taylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC TI Hospitalizations resulting from congestive heart failure in patients with end stage renal disease resulting from diabetes after renal transplantation compared with patients on the renal transplant waiting list SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. NIDDK, NIH, Off Minority Hlth Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 36 BP A19 EP A19 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400069 ER PT J AU Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Taylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC AF Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Taylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC TI Acute coronary syndromes in patients with end stage renal disease resulting from diabetes after renal transplantation compared with patients on the renal transplant waiting list SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK, NIH, Off Minority Hlth Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 35 BP A19 EP A19 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400068 ER PT J AU Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Raylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC AF Hypolite, IO Bucci, J Yuan, CM Raylor, A Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC TI Hospitalizations resulting from valvular heart disease in patients with end stage renal disease after renal transplantation compared with patients on the renal transplant waiting list SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK, NIH, Off Minority Hlth Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 37 BP A20 EP A20 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400070 ER PT J AU Tveit, DP Hypolite, IO Poropatich, RK Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Tveit, DP Hypolite, IO Poropatich, RK Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC TI Hospitalizations for pulmonary embolism after initiation of chronic dialyisis in the United States. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 89 BP A33 EP A33 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400122 ER PT J AU Tveit, DP Hypolite, IO Poropatich, RK Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Tveit, DP Hypolite, IO Poropatich, RK Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC TI Hospitalizations for pulmonary embolism after renal transplantation in the United States. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 MA 90 BP A33 EP A33 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 453FG UT WOS:000169905400124 ER PT J AU Leondires, M Scott, R AF Leondires, M Scott, R TI Triplets: Outcomes of expectant management versus multifetal reduction for 127 pregnancies - Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID COLLABORATIVE EXPERIENCE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Leondires, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Room 2J06,Bldg 2,6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 184 IS 5 BP 1042 EP 1043 DI 10.1067/mob.2001.114033 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 426FA UT WOS:000168338100055 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA AF Convertino, VA TI Mechanisms of blood pressure regulation that differ in men repeatedly exposed to high-G acceleration SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gravity; baroreflex; orthostasism; vasoconstriction ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; DOWN BED REST; VASOCONSTRICTOR RESPONSES; ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE; BAROREFLEX RESPONSES; LBNP TOLERANCE; VOLUME; RESISTANCE; ADAPTATION; FITNESS AB The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that repeated exposure to high acceleration (G) would be associated with enhanced functions of specific mechanisms of blood pressure regulation. We measured heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), mean arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, forearm and leg vascular resistance, catecholamines, and changes in leg volume (%Delta LV) during various protocols of lower body negative pressure (LBNP), carotid stimulation, and infusions of adrenoreceptor agonists in 10 males after three training sessions on different days over a period of 5-7 days using a human centrifuge (G trained). These responses were compared with the same measurements in 10 males who were matched for height, weight, and fitness but did not undergo G training (controls). Compared with the control group, G-trained subjects demonstrated greater R-R interval response to equal carotid baroreceptor stimulation (7.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.4 ms/mmHg, P = 0.02), less vasoconstriction to equal low-pressure baroreceptor stimulation (-1.4 +/- 0.2 vs. -2.6 +/- 0.3 U/mmHg, P = 0.01), and higher HR (-1.2 +/- 0.2 vs. -0.5 +/- 0.1 beats.min(-1).mmHg(-1), P = 0.01) and alpha -adrenoreceptor response (32.8 +/- 3.4 vs. 19.5 +/- 4.7 U/mmHg, P = 0.04) to equal dose of phenylephrine. During graded LBNP, G-trained subjects had less decline in Q and SV, %Delta LV, and elevation in thoracic impedance. G- trained subjects also had greater total blood (6,497 +/- 496 vs. 5,438 +/- 228 ml, P = 0.07) and erythrocyte (3,110 +/- 364 vs. 2,310 +/- 96 ml, P = 0.06) volumes. These results support the hypothesis that exposure to repeated high G is associated with increased capacities of mechanisms that underlie blood pressure regulation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 4 BP R947 EP R958 PG 12 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 410NG UT WOS:000167445600005 PM 11247814 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Williams, J Corbett, D Skelton, H AF Smith, KJ Williams, J Corbett, D Skelton, H TI Microcystic adnexal carcinoma - An immunohistochemical study including markers of proliferation and apoptosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microcystic adnexal carcinomas; desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas; sclerosing basal cell carcinomas; Ki-67; c-erbB-2; p53; Bcl-2; CK7; CD34 ID BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA; SWEAT GLAND CARCINOMAS; HUMAN SKIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; P53; TUMORS; DIFFERENTIATION; CANCER; EXPRESSION AB Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is the prototype for a subset of locally aggressive adnexal carcinomas (LAACs). Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and UVB signature p53 mutations are implicated in the etiology of the most common cutaneous carcinomas. However in MACs, the role of WR and p53 mutations is unknown. In addition, controversy still exists regarding the patterns of differentiation within these tumors. The objective of this study was to determine the expression patterns of immunohistochemical markers for p53, Ki-67, c-erbB-2, and Bcl-2 in MACs, and to compare these patterns with two MAC histologic stimulants: sclerosing type basal cell carcinomas (sBCCs) and desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas (dTEs). Other objectives were to compare expression patterns of cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3, CK7, CD20, endothelial membrane antigen (EMA), Ber-EP4, CD34, alpha -smooth muscle actin (SMA), and S-100 protein in MACs with its histologic simulators, and to determine the usefulness of all the immunohistochemical studies in diagnosis. Immunohistochemical markers were performed on 10 MACs, 10 sBCCs, and four dTEs. They included p53,Ki-67, c-erbB-2, Bcl-2, CK AE1/AE3, CK7, CD20, EMA, Ber-EP4, CD34, S-100 protein, and alpha -SMA. MACs expressed p53 in less than 25% of the tumor cells in only two cases (20%), and both cases showed only moderately intense staining, whereas 80% of the sBCCs were positive and showed intense staining, and all dTEs were negative. In MACs, less than 5% of the tumor cells were Ki-67 positive, whereas the sBCCs showed 20% to 40% Ki-67-positive tumor cells and dTEs showed rare Ki-67-positive cells. Bcl-2 was expressed focally in MACs, diffusely in sBCCs, and in scattered cells in dTEs. All tumors were negative for c-erbB-2. CD34, CK7, EMA, Ber-EP4, S-100 protein, and alpha -SMA all showed a distinctive pattern of staining in MACs. Although MACs arise commonly in chronically sun-exposed skin, increased expression of p53 is nor found frequently. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 does not appear to be a factor in the development and progression of these adnexal tumors. Bcl-2 is expressed in MACs, but not diffusely as in sBCCs. The low level of Ki-67 supports a low proliferative rate, and other immunohistochemical markers support divergent patterns of adnexal differentiation in MACs. Immunohistochemical studies may help to differentiate MAC from sBCCs and dTEs. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Dermatol, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), USA, Dept Dermatol, UAB EFH 414, 1720 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 49 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0147-5185 J9 AM J SURG PATHOL JI Am. J. Surg. Pathol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 4 BP 464 EP 471 DI 10.1097/00000478-200104000-00005 PG 8 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA 415GC UT WOS:000167711700005 PM 11257620 ER PT J AU Carr, SR Dinsmore, RC Wilkinson, NW AF Carr, SR Dinsmore, RC Wilkinson, NW TI Idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage: A clinical update on abdominal apoplexy in the year 2001 SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID SPLENIC ARTERY; HEMOPERITONEUM AB Idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage is a rare and often fatal condition that has been historically referred to as abdominal apoplexy. The presentation varies widely, and preoperative diagnosis is seldom obtained. Immediate surgical exploration remains the treatment of choice, At the time of exploration a through examination of the visceral arteries and solid organs should be done, as these are common sites for intra-abdominal bleeding, Often the site of hemorrhage cannot be localized at time of surgery despite thorough exploration. Today a postoperative diagnosis can often be confirmed and treated with interventional radiology, In rare cases the site of bleeding remains unknown despite intraoperative exploration and radiographic studies. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, MCHF SD GSS, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Wilkinson, NW (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, MCHF SD GSS, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. OI Carr, Shamus/0000-0002-7958-3493 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD APR PY 2001 VL 67 IS 4 BP 374 EP 376 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 419ZK UT WOS:000167979300024 PM 11308008 ER PT J AU Drabick, JJ Davis, BJ Byrd, JC AF Drabick, JJ Davis, BJ Byrd, JC TI Concurrent pernicious anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome SO ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytogenetics; myelodysplastic syndrome; pernicious anemia; vitamin B-12 deficiency ID VITAMIN-B-12 DEFICIENCY; MEGALOBLASTIC-ANEMIA; CANCER; ABNORMALITIES AB Megaloblastic anemia (MA) due to vitamin B-12 deficiency is a reversible form of ineffective hematopoiesis. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an acquired, irreversible disorder of ineffective hematopoiesis, characterized by stem cell dysfunction as a consequence of DNA damage manifested in part by karyotype anomalies. Importantly, MA and MDS are generally considered mutually exclusive diagnoses. We report the case of a 73-year-old woman with a profound macrocytic anemia, monocytosis and neurologic symptoms. Low cobalamin levels and the presence of anti-intrinsic-factor antibodies definitively established a diagnosis of pernicious anemia. Replacement therapy resulted in resolution of neurologic findings and macrocytosis; however, the anemia and monocytosis persisted. Bone marrow biopsy revealed trilineage myelodysplasia, which together with the peripheral monocytosis suggested a diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Karyotype analysis revealed a clone with 45, XX, +der(l;7)(q10;p10)-7 [20]. Eighteen months after documented vitamin B-12 replenishment her MDS transformed to terminal acute myeloid leukemia with the same clonal abnormality. Reversible cytogenetic abnormalities have been observed with MA, occasionally including karyotypes typically associated with MDS or myeloid leukemias. These abnormalities, like the anemia, resolve with vitamin replacement. This case suggests that MA and MDS can occur simultaneously; clinicians should be aware that this phenomenon occurs. Whether acquired karyotype abnormalities from the MA were related to the MDS and subsequent myeloid leukemia in this woman is a speculative but intriguing consideration that is discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Hematol Malgnancies, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Drabick, JJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0939-5555 J9 ANN HEMATOL JI Ann. Hematol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 80 IS 4 BP 243 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s002770000272 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 431JR UT WOS:000168628500011 PM 11401093 ER PT J AU Ringelberg, DB Talley, JW Perkins, EJ Tucker, SG Luthy, RG Bouwer, EJ Fredrickson, HL AF Ringelberg, DB Talley, JW Perkins, EJ Tucker, SG Luthy, RG Bouwer, EJ Fredrickson, HL TI Succession of phenotypic, genotypic, and metabolic community characteristics during in vitro bioslurry treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEGRADATION; SOIL AB Dredged harbor sediment contaminated,vith polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was removed from the Milwaukee Confined Disposal Facility and examined for in situ biodegradative capacity. Molecular techniques were used to determine the successional characteristics of the indigenous microbiota during a 4-month bioslurry evaluation. Ester-linked phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), multiplex PCR of targeted genes, and radiorespirometry techniques were used to define in situ microbial phenotypic, genotypic, and metabolic responses, respectively. Soxhlet extractions revealed a lass in total PAH concentrations of 52%, Individual PAHs showed reductions as great as 75% (i.e., acenapthene and fluorene), Rates of C-14-PAH mineralization (percent/day) were greatest for phenanthrene, followed by pyrene and then chrysene, There was no mineralization capacity for benzo[a]pyrene, Ester-linked phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed a threefold increase in total microbial biomass and a dynamic microbial community composition that showed a strong correlation with observed changes in the PAH chemistry (canonical r(2) of 0.999). Nucleic acid analyses showed copies of genes encoding PAM-degrading enzymes (extradiol dioxygenases, hydroxylases, and meta-cleavage enzymes) to increase by as much as 4 orders of magnitude. Shifts in gene copy numbers showed strong correlations,vith shifts in specific subsets of the extant microbial community. Specifically, declines in the concentrations of three-ring PAM moieties (i,e., phenanthrene) correlated,vith PLFA indicative of certain gram-negative bacteria (i.e,, Rhodococcus spp, and/or actinomycetes) and genes encoding for naphthalene-, biphenyl-, and catechol-2,3-dioxygenase degradative enzymes. The results of this study suggest that the intrinsic biodegradative potential of an environmental site can be derived from the polyphasic characterization of the in situ microbial community. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Talley, JW (reprint author), USA, Environm Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RI Bouwer, Edward/A-3287-2010 NR 23 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1542 EP 1550 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1542-1550.2001 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 417ZN UT WOS:000167865500022 PM 11282603 ER PT J AU Faulkner, JA Mair, EA AF Faulkner, JA Mair, EA TI Growth and development of homograft tracheal transplants in the piglet model SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Pediatric-Otolaryngology CY APR 24-29, 1999 CL PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Pediatr Otolaryngol ID PULMONARY-ARTERY; ALLOGRAFTS; RECONSTRUCTION; STENOSIS; CHILDREN; CARTILAGE; TRACHEOPLASTY; MANAGEMENT; COMPLEX; INFANTS AB Objective: To determine the growth characteristics of homograft tracheal transplants in piglets. Design: Prospective controlled animal study. Setting: Clinical animal laboratory. Subjects: Seventeen Yorkshire swine piglets. Interventions: The tracheae of adult Yorkshire swine were harvested and treated with formaldehyde, thimerosal, and acetone to remove immunogenic major histocompatibility complexes. Eleven piglets had these chemically treated homografts transplanted into 6-cm surgically created tracheal defects. The transplants were stented.. Three control piglets had a 6-cm anterior tracheofissure, no transplant, and surgical placement of the stent. Three other control piglets had no transplant, and the stent was placed endoscopically. Main Outcome Measures: Growth outcome measurements were tracheal length and diameter. Functional outcome measurements were lumen patency and graft viability indicated by cartilage retention. Results: The mean diameter of the tracheae in the stented tracheal transplant group was 11.7 mm before transplantation and 6.6 mm 2 months after transplantation. The transplanted segments were significantly malacic 2 months after transplantation. The mean diameter of the tracheae in the tracheofissure group was 9.0 mm before surgery and 11.0 mm 2 months after surgery. Thf mean diameter of the tracheae in the endoscopically stented group was 11.0 mm before surgery and 14.0 mm 2 months after stent placement. All homografts showed evidence of extensive resorption of the graft cartilage. The graft cartilage was replaced by collagen, with minimal evidence of neochondrification. There was no evidence of host-vs-graft rejection. All grafted trachea had severe tracheomalacia with granulation tissue. Conclusion: Homograft tracheal transplantation results in a tracheal segment that is replaced with collagen. The transplanted cartilage is resorbed, leaving a significantly malacic segment. Homograft tracheal transplantation might result in a small malacic airway with little potential for growth when performed in children. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Faulkner, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 4 BP 426 EP 431 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 419EJ UT WOS:000167936100012 PM 11296053 ER PT J AU Dick, TM Streever, WJ AF Dick, TM Streever, WJ TI Decomposition of Avicennia marina on an iron-smelting slag substrate SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Australia; Avicennia marina; decomposition; mangrove; restoration; slag; wetlands ID MANGROVE; LITTER AB The present study, conducted near Newcastle, Australia, used a blocked analysis of variance experimental design to compare initial nutrient concentrations and decomposition rates of Avicennia marina (grey mangrove) grown on sand and rock blast furnace slag. There were no significant differences (ANOVA; P > 0.05) in mean initial nutrient concentrations of total C, N and P for plants grown on the sand and slag substrates. A litterbag technique was used to estimate decomposition rates. After 360 days of incubation, repeated measures analysis did not identify significant differences between the substrates for the interaction term 'substrate x time' or the term 'substrate' for percentage weight loss or for C, N and P remaining. Avicennia marina on both substrates had nutrient characteristics and decomposition rates comparable to those found in the literature. Results suggest that initial nutrient concentration and decomposition rates are not dramatically influenced by the presence of slag. C1 Univ Newcastle, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Dick, TM (reprint author), Network Design & Construct, Environm Management Serv, Level 5 Bishop House,56-58 Railway Parade, Burwood, NSW 1805, Australia. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 1442-9985 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 26 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1046/j.1442-9993.2001.01095.x PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 418KF UT WOS:000167888900001 ER PT J AU Levine, L Johnson, RF Teal, WB Merullo, DJ Cadarette, BS Staab, JE Blanchard, LA Kolka, MA Sawka, MN AF Levine, L Johnson, RF Teal, WB Merullo, DJ Cadarette, BS Staab, JE Blanchard, LA Kolka, MA Sawka, MN TI Heat strain evaluation of chemical protective garments SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE heat stress; clothing; exercise ID TOLERANCE; STRESS; HYDRATION; EXERCISE; ACCLIMATION; MEN AB Background: The purpose of this study was to compare thermoregulatory and subjective responses of 12 test subjects (10 male, 2 female) wearing 5 different Joint Service Lightweight integrated Suit Technology (JSLIST) prototype and 3 different currently fielded control chemical/biological (CB) protective overgarments. Methods: The overgarments were compared while subjects attempted to complete 100 min of moderate exercise (400 W) in an environmental chamber (35 degreesC/50% rh). Rectal temperature (Tre), skin temperature, heart rate, sweating rate, and test time, as well as subjective symptoms of heat illness were measured. Data were analyzed for times earlier than 100 min because subjects were not usually able to complete the 100-min trials. Results: At 50 min, of the 3 controls, the Army/Air Force Battledress Overgarment (BDO) imposed significantly greater heat strain (indicated by Tre 37.90 degreesC) than the Marine Saratoga (SAR) (TIE 37.68 degreesC) and Navy Chemical Protective Overgarment (CPO) (Tre 37.69 degreesC). The JSLIST prototype garments imposed heat strain (50 min Tre 37.73-37.86 degreesC) as well as subjective perception of heat strain, that ranged between the warmest and coolest controls. Conclusions: In the environmental and exercise test conditions of this study, we did not find the live JSLIST overgarments to be consistently different from one another. Subjects in the control garments were and felt generally warmer (BDO) or cooler (SAR, CPO) than in the JSLIST prototype garments.a93 C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USN, Clothing & Text Res Facil, Natick, MA USA. RP Levine, L (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 4 BP 329 EP 335 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 415HM UT WOS:000167715400001 PM 11318011 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK AF Wilson, DK TI An alternative function for the wind and temperature gradients in unstable surface layers - Research note SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE free convection; surface layer; wind and temperature profiles ID BOUNDARY-LAYER AB The function phi(zeta) = (1 + gamma \z/L\(2/3))(-1/2), where z is the height, L the Obukhov length, and gamma a constant, is proposed for the nondimensional wind speed and temperature gradients (flux-profile relationships) in an unstable surface layer. This function agrees quite well with both wind speed and temperature data, has the theoretically correct behaviour in convective conditions, and leads to simple results when integrated to produce the mean profiles. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL LI EP, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRL LI EP, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dkwilson@arl.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD APR PY 2001 VL 99 IS 1 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1023/A:1018718707419 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 415QQ UT WOS:000167734500007 ER PT J AU Hnatiuk, OW AF Hnatiuk, OW TI Chest radiography following thoracentesis SO CHEST LA English DT Letter ID ROENTGENOGRAPHY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hnatiuk, OW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 2001 VL 119 IS 4 BP 1289 EP 1289 DI 10.1378/chest.119.4.1289 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 421UE UT WOS:000168081300054 PM 11296208 ER PT J AU Zhao, LZ Vijay, PC Chen, W Demirbilek, Z Chhabbra, N AF Zhao, LZ Vijay, PC Chen, W Demirbilek, Z Chhabbra, N TI Simulation of wave breaking effects in two-dimensional elliptic harbor wave models SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE wave; model; mild-slope equation; breaking; elliptic model ID LINEAR WATER-WAVES; COASTAL REGIONS; PROPAGATION; DIFFRACTION; REFRACTION; TRANSFORMATION; HEIGHT; ZONE AB A technique is developed for including the effects of dissipation due to wave breaking in two-dimensional elliptic models based on the mild-slope wave equation. This involves exploration of convergence properties pertaining to iteration due to presence of the nonlinear wave breaking parameter in the governing equations as well as new boundary conditions that include wave-breaking effects. Five wave-breaking formulations are examined in conjunction with the resulting model, which is applied to tests involving a sloping beach, a bar-trough bottom configuration, shore-connected and shore-parallel breakwaters on a sloping beach, and two real-world cases. Model results show that three of the formulations, when used within the context of the modeling scheme presented here, provide excellent results compared to data. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maine, Dept Civil Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. GE Power Syst, Schenectady, NY 12345 USA. RP Vijay, PC (reprint author), NOAA, US Dept Commerce, NSGO, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD APR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 359 EP 373 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(00)00069-7 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 410AC UT WOS:000167417000005 ER PT J AU Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Latzka, WA AF Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Latzka, WA TI Hydration effects on thermoregulation and performance in the heat SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Physiologial and Cognitive Performance in Extreme Environments CY MAR, 2000 CL CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA DE body water; dehydration; exercise performance; fluid balance; heat stress; hypohydration; hyperhydration; osmolality; plasma volume; rehydration; temperature regulation ID DIURETIC-INDUCED DEHYDRATION; EXERCISE-HEAT; BLOOD-FLOW; TEMPERATURE REGULATION; BODY-FLUIDS; THERMAL REGULATIONS; PROLONGED EXERCISE; HYPOHYDRATION; RESPONSES; HYPERHYDRATION AB During exercise, sweat output often exceeds water intake, producing a water deficit or hypohydration. The water deficit lowers both intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes, and causes a hypotonic-hypovolemia of the blood. Aerobic exercise tasks are likely to be adversely effected by hypohydration (even in the absence of heat strain), with the potential affect being greater in hot environments. Hypohydration increases heat storage by reducing sweating rate and skin blood Row responses for a given core temperature. Hypertonicity and hypovolemia both contribute to reduced heat loss and increased heat storage. In addition, hypovolemia and the displacement of blood to the skin make it difficult to maintain central venous pressure and thus cardiac output to simultaneously support metabolism and thermoregulation. Hyperhydration provides no advantages over euhydration regarding thermoregulation and exercise performance in the heat. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sawka, MN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 98 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 4 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 128 IS 4 BP 679 EP 690 DI 10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00274-4 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 426XC UT WOS:000168372900003 PM 11282312 ER PT J AU Young, AJ Castellani, JW AF Young, AJ Castellani, JW TI Exertion-induced fatigue and thermoregulation in the cold SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Physiologial and Cognitive Performance in Extreme Environments CY MAR, 2000 CL CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA DE cold-induced vasoconstriction; cold-induced vasodilation; insulation; shivering; thermogenesis; overtraining ID WATER IMMERSION; HYPOTHERMIA; RESPONSES; EXPOSURE; EXERCISE; SLEEP; SKIN AB Cold exposure facilitates body heat loss which can reduce body temperature, unless mitigated by enhanced heat conservation or increased heat production. When behavioral strategies inadequately defend body temperature, vasomotor and thermogenic responses are elicited, both of which are modulated if not mediated by sympathetic nervous activation. Both exercise and shivering increase metabolic heat production which helps offset body heat losses in the cold. However, exercise also increases peripheral blood flow, in turn facilitating heat loss, an effect that can persist for some time after exercise ceases. Whether exercise alleviates or exacerbates heat debt during cold exposure depends on the heat transfer coefficient of the environment, mode of activity and exercise intensity. Prolonged exhaustive exercise leading to energy substrate depletion could compromise maintenance of thermal balance in the cold simply by precluding continuation of further exercise and the associated thermogenesis. Hypoglycemia impairs shivering, but this appears to be centrally mediated, rather than a limitation to peripheral energy metabolism. Research is equivocal regarding the importance of muscle glycogen depletion in explaining shivering impairments. Recent research suggests that when acute exercise leads to fatigue without depleting energy stores, vasoconstrictor responses to cold are impaired, thus body heat conservation becomes degraded. Fatigue that was induced by chronic overexertion sustained over many weeks, appeared to delay the onset of shivering until body temperature fell lower than when subjects were rested, as well as impair vasoconstrictor responses. When heavy physical activity is coupled with underfeeding for prolonged periods, the resulting negative energy balance leads to loss of body mass, and the corresponding reduction in tissue insulation, in turn, compromises thermal balance by facilitating conductive transfer of body heat from core to shell. The possibility that impairments in thermoregulatory responses to cold associated with exertional fatigue are mediated by blunted sympathetic nervous responsiveness to cold is suggested by some experimental observations and merits further study. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 128 IS 4 BP 769 EP 776 DI 10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00282-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 426XC UT WOS:000168372900011 PM 11282320 ER EF