FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Noedl, H Wongsrichanalai, C Wernsdorfer, WH AF Noedl, H Wongsrichanalai, C Wernsdorfer, WH TI Malaria drug-sensitivity testing: new assays, new perspectives SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SEMIAUTOMATED MICRODILUTION TECHNIQUE; PYRIMETHAMINE-SULFADOXINE RESISTANCE; LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MOLECULAR MARKER; DELI-MICROTEST; CHLOROQUINE; VIVAX; PARASITES; INVITRO AB Over the past five decades, the drug resistance of Plasmodium fakiparum has become an issue of utmost concern. At the same time, in vitro assays for assessing antimalarial drug sensitivity have become indispensable tools for the surveillance of drug resistance and the planning of therapeutic guidelines. Several new in vitro assays have been introduced, designed to be easier to handle than previous tests and allow a faster identification of drug-resistant parasites, as well as for simple evaluation of new drugs. This review examines the various new approaches to the in vitro assessment of malaria drug sensitivity and their limitations. C1 Univ Vienna, Inst Pathophysiol, Dept Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Noedl, H (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Inst Pathophysiol, Dept Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. NR 57 TC 85 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1016/S1471-4922(03)00028-X PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 674FA UT WOS:000182625700009 PM 12689648 ER PT J AU Mellquist-Riemenschneider, JL Garrison, AR Geisbert, JB Saikh, KU Heidebrink, KD Jahrling, PB Ulrich, RG Schmaljohn, CS AF Mellquist-Riemenschneider, JL Garrison, AR Geisbert, JB Saikh, KU Heidebrink, KD Jahrling, PB Ulrich, RG Schmaljohn, CS TI Comparison of the protective efficacy of DNA and baculovirus-derived protein vaccines for EBOLA virus in guinea pigs SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE filovirus; Ebola virus; prime-boost; baculovirus; DNA vaccine ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; RNA; GP; ANTIGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; FILOVIRUSES; CELLS; GENE AB The filoviruses Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans for which no vaccines are available. Previously, a priming dose of a DNA vaccine expressing the glycoprotein (GP) gene of MARV followed by boosting with recombinant baculovirus-derived GP protein was found to confer protective immunity to guinea pigs (Hevey et al., 2001. Vaccine 20, 568-593). To determine whether a similar prime-boost vaccine approach would be effective for EBOV, we generated and characterized recombinant baculoviruses expressing full-length EBOV GP (GP(1,2)) or a terminally-deleted GP (GPa-) and examined their immunogenicity in guinea pigs. As expected, cells infected with the GPa- recombinant secreted more GP(1) than those infected with the GP(1,2) recombinant. In lectin binding studies, the insect cell culture-derived GPs were found to differ from mammalian cell derived virion GP, in that they had no complex/hybrid N-linked glycans or glycans containing sialic acid. Despite these differences, the baculovirus-derived GPs were able to bind monoclonal antibodies to five distinct epitopes on EBOV GP, indicating that the antigenic structures of the proteins remain intact. As a measure of the ability of the baculovirus-derived proteins to elicit cell-mediated immune responses, we evaluated the T-cell stimulatory capacity of the GPa- protein in cultured human dendritic cells. Increases in cytotoxicity as compared to controls suggest that the baculovirus proteins have the capacity to evoke cell-mediated immune responses. Guinea pigs vaccinated with the baculovirus-derived GPs alone, or in a DNA prime-baculovirus protein boost regimen developed antibody responses as measured by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization assays; however, incomplete protection was achieved when the proteins were given alone or in combination with DNA vaccines. These data indicate that a vaccine approach that was effective for MARV is not effective for EBOV in guinea pigs. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Toxinol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmaljohn, CS (reprint author), USA, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis,Ft Detrick, 1301 Ditto Ave, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 92 IS 2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00338-6 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 669EX UT WOS:000182339900008 PM 12686428 ER PT J AU DeMoyer, CD Schierholz, EL Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC AF DeMoyer, CD Schierholz, EL Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC TI Impact of bubble and free surface oxygen transfer on diffused aeration systems SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE submerged diffuser; aerator; transfer coefficient; lake aeration; surface transfer; bubble transfer ID MASS-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; GAS TRANSFER; COLUMNS; LIQUID; SIZE AB The primary location of oxygen transfer in a diffused aeration system is examined by separately determining the surface air-water and bubble-water mass transfer coefficients. The mass transfer model developed to determine the mass transfer coefficients advances the McWhirter and Hutter (A.I.Ch.E. J. 35(9) (1989) 1527) model by tracking oxygen and nitrogen transfer into and out of the bubbles as they rise to the water surface. The resulting vertical profiles of the liquid-phase equilibrium concentration inside the bubble and the gas-phase oxygen composition give insight into how the bubble-water concentration gradient changes over depth. The surface mass transfer coefficient, k(Ls)a(s), is 59-85% of the bubble mass transfer coefficient, k(L)a(b), and the driving concentration difference is smaller for surface transfer. Surface transfer and bubble transfer both contribute significantly to oxygen transfer; however, bubble transfer is the primary mode of oxygen transfer for this system at the air flow rates used. Further experiments demonstrate that most of the surface transfer occurs above the bubble plume. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Gulliver, JS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Mississippi River 3rd Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1890 EP 1904 AR PII S0043-1354(02)00566-3 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00566-3 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 669GY UT WOS:000182344600020 PM 12697232 ER PT J AU Jex, SM Thomas, JL AF Jex, SM Thomas, JL TI Relations between stressors and group perceptions: main and mediating effects SO WORK AND STRESS LA English DT Article DE group perceptions; job stressors; collective efficacy ID ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR; PERCEIVED CONTROL; EFFICACY BELIEFS; WORK; MODERATOR; CONFLICT; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; PREDICTORS; EMPLOYEES AB Most organizations these days utilize groups for the performance of at least some tasks. There is therefore a need to examine the relationship between job stressors and group functioning. Until now it has been proposed that employees who perceive high levels of stress in their jobs will have negative perceptions of the groups in which they work, in the form of reduced altruism and collective efficacy. They may also have higher levels of psychological strain. This study examined relations between job-related stressors and group perceptions ( collective efficacy and the prevalence of altruistic behaviour) in a sample of 2403 military personnel, comprising 31 companies in two US Army combat brigades. We also examined whether group perceptions mediated the relationship between stressors and both job satisfaction and subjective well-being. Results indicated that stressors were negatively associated with measures of group perceptions, and both job satisfaction and well-being. Furthermore, mediated regression analyses suggested that relations between interpersonal conflict and both job satisfaction and well-being were partially mediated by both group perception measures. These findings suggest that work-related stressors may negatively impact on group functioning, which may lead to employee strains. Implications of these findings are discussed, and suggestions are made for future research. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Psychol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20207 USA. USA, Med Res Unit Europe, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Jex, SM (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Psychol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-8373 J9 WORK STRESS JI Work Stress PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1080/0267837031000146804 PG 12 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA 723UE UT WOS:000185449300005 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI The low temperature performance of Li-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE symmetric cell; impedance; ionic conductivity; low temperature; Li-ion battery ID CELLS; ELECTROLYTE; LITHIUM AB A symmetric cell was adopted to analyze low temperature performance of Li-ion battery. Results showed that impedances of both Li-ion and symmetric cells are mainly composed of bulk resistance (R-b), surface layer resistance (R-sl) and charge-transfer resistance (R-ct). Among these three components, the R-ct is most significantly increased and becomes predominant as the temperature falls to below -10 degreesC. Therefore, we may ascribe the poor low temperature performance of Li-ion battery to the substantially high R-ct of the graphite and cathode. Comparing impedance spectra of the symmetric cells, we found that at -30 degreesC the delithiated graphite and lithiated cathode, both of which correspond to a discharged state in a Li-ion battery, have a much higher R-ct than when charged. This means that the Li-ion battery in the discharged state suffers a higher polarization. This result explains the phenomenon that at low, temperatures, charging of a discharged Li-ion battery is more difficult than discharging of a charged battery. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 13 TC 124 Z9 145 U1 12 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 27 PY 2003 VL 115 IS 1 BP 137 EP 140 AR PII S0378-7753(02)00618-3 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00618-3 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 663KM UT WOS:000182004800018 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Erythropoietin and transfusions among critically ill patients SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 26 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 12 BP 1511 EP 1512 DI 10.1001/jama.289.12.1511-b PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 659XE UT WOS:000181803100026 PM 12672765 ER PT J AU Levin, LI Munger, KL Rubertone, MV Peck, CA Lennette, ET Spiegelman, D Ascherio, A AF Levin, LI Munger, KL Rubertone, MV Peck, CA Lennette, ET Spiegelman, D Ascherio, A TI Multiple sclerosis and Epstein-Barr virus (Retracted Article. See vol 293, pg 2466, 2005) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Retracted Publication ID NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; ANTIBODY-TITERS; MONONUCLEOSIS; INFECTION; DISEASE; EBNA-2 AB Context Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the temporal relationship remains unclear. Objective To determine whether antibodies to EBV are elevated before the onset of MS. Design, Setting, and Population Nested case-control study conducted among more than 3 million US military personnel with blood samples collected between 1988 and 2000 and stored in the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Cases were identified as individuals granted temporary or permanent disability because of MS. For each case (n=83), 2 controls matched by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and dates of blood sample collection were selected. Main Outcome Measures Antibodies including IgA against EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) and IgG against VCA, nuclear antigens (EBNA complex, EBNA-1, and EBNA-2), diffuse and restricted early antigens, and cytomegalovirus. Results The average time between blood collection and MS onset was 4 years. The strongest predictors of MS were serum levels of IgG antibodies to VCA or EBNA complex. The risk of MS increased monotonically with these antibody titers; relative risk (RR) in persons in the highest category of VCA (greater than or equal to2560) compared with those in the lowest (less than or equal to160) was 19.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2-174; P for trend =.004). For EBNA complex titers, the RR for those in the highest category (greater than or equal to1280) was 33.9 (95% CI, 4.1-283; P for trend <.001) vs those in the lowest category (<= 40). Similarly strong positive associations between EBV antibodies and risk of MS were already present in samples collected 5 or more years before MS onset. No association was found between cytomegalovirus antibodies and MS. Conclusion These results suggest a relationship between EBV infection and development of MS. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Phys Disabil Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Virolab Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ascherio, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM Alberto.Ascherio@channing.harvard.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS42194] NR 19 TC 103 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 26 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 12 BP 1533 EP 1536 DI 10.1001/jama.289.12.1533 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 659XE UT WOS:000181803100031 PM 12672770 ER PT J AU Perovich, DK Grenfell, TC Richter-Menge, JA Light, B Tucker, WB Eicken, H AF Perovich, DK Grenfell, TC Richter-Menge, JA Light, B Tucker, WB Eicken, H TI Thin and thinner: Sea ice mass balance measurements during SHEBA SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE Arctic; sea ice; mass balance; sea ice melting; melt ponds ID HEAT-FLUX; MELT PONDS; AIR-TEMPERATURE; ARCTIC-OCEAN; ALBEDO; COVER; MODEL; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY AB [1] As part of a large interdisciplinary study of the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA), we installed more than 135 ice thickness gauges to determine the sea ice mass balance. While installing these gauges during the fall of 1997, we found that much of the multiyear ice cover was only 1 m thick, considerably thinner than expected. Over the course of the yearlong field experiment we monitored the mass balance for a wide variety of ice types, including first-year ice, ponded ice, unponded ice, multiyear ice, hummocks, new ridges, and old ridges. Initial ice thicknesses for these sites ranged from 0.3 to 8 m, and snow depths varied from a few centimeters to more than a meter. However, for all of their differences and variety, these thickness gauges sites shared a common trait: at every site, there was a net thinning of the ice during the SHEBA year. The thin ice found in October 1997 was even thinner in October 1998. The annual cycle of ice thickness was also similar at all sites. There was a steady increase in thickness through the winter that gradually tapered off in the spring. This was followed by a steep drop off in thickness during summer melt and another tapering in late summer and early fall as freeze-up began. Maximum surface melting was in July, while bottom ablation peaked in August. Combining results from the sites, we found an average winter growth of 0.51 m and a summer melt of 1.26 m, which consisted of 0.64 m of surface melt and 0.62 m of bottom melt. There was a weak trend for thicker ice to have less winter growth and greater net loss for the year; however, ice growth was also impacted by the snow depth. Considerable variability was observed between sites in both accretion and ablation. The total accretion during the 9-month growth season ranged from zero for thick ridged ice to more than a meter for young ice. Ponds tended to have a large amount of surface melting, while ridges had considerable bottom ablation. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Perovich, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Eicken, Hajo/M-6901-2016 NR 57 TC 107 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C3 AR 8050 DI 10.1029/2001JC001079 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 667HB UT WOS:000182224300006 ER PT J AU Leuschen, C Kanagaratnam, P Yoshikawa, K Arcone, S Gogineni, P AF Leuschen, C Kanagaratnam, P Yoshikawa, K Arcone, S Gogineni, P TI Design and field experiments of a ground-penetrating radar for Mars exploration SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE ground-penetrating radar (GPR); Mars; analog; measurements; permafrost ID RESOLUTION AB [1] We developed a wideband, low-power, lightweight, prototype ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for subsurface exploration for Mars. The transmitter and receiver subsystems were constructed using a commercially available radio frequency (RF) and digital integrated circuits, connectorized components, and evaluation boards. The transmit/receive system, antennas, laptop controller, and batteries are all accommodated on a 2.5-m sled. Field experiments were conducted in Kansas and Alaska. The experiments in Kansas tested the operation of the system. The primary objective of the Alaska experiments was to investigate the ability of a GPR to detect and distinguish between subsurface deposits of ice and ice-cemented soils. The investigation depths of these experiments ranged from 1 m to 30 m, and the subsurface geology included near-surface thaw, discontinuous permafrost, water-saturated soils, and lenses of pure ice. Dielectric contrasts within the ground were detected with near-meter resolution; however, identifying the geologic context of an interface was difficult due to ambiguities associated with reflection data. These investigations demonstrate some of the difficulties associated with inverting reflection data to obtain dielectric properties of the subsurface. Fortunately, previous geophysical investigations such as drilled cores and seismic surveys helped to constrain the geology, and numerical simulations provided an additional resource for the interpretations. On Mars, additional geological context will be limited and numerical simulations will become extremely important for data interpretation. Due to these difficulties, we demonstrate in one experiment how dielectric information can be obtained directly from bistatic measurements with a fixed transmitter and mobile receiver. Finally, a comparison with a commercially available Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) radar system is presented, and we discuss how the system can be modified and improved for future exploration on Mars. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst No Engn, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Kansas, Radar Syst & Remote Sensing Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Leuschen, C (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS E4 AR 8034 DI 10.1029/2002JE001876 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 667JC UT WOS:000182227300002 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR AF Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR CA VA Cooperative Study 470 Study Grp TI Cognitive behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise for Gulf War veterans' illnesses - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; LINEAR MIXED MODELS; FIBROMYALGIA; HEALTH; QUESTIONNAIRE; INTERVENTIONS; MANAGEMENT; INFERENCE; ADHERENCE; OUTCOMES AB Context Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), multisymptom illnesses characterized by persistent pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, have been reported by many Gulf War veterans. There are currently no effective therapies available to treat GWVI. Objective To compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exercise, and the combination of both for improving physical functioning and reducing the symptoms,of GWVI. Design, Setting, and Patients Randomized controlled 2 x 2 factorial trial conducted from April 1999 to September 2001 among 1092 Gulf War veterans who reported at least 2 of 3 symptom types (fatigue, pain, and cognitive) for more than 6 months and at the time of screening. Treatment assignment was unmasked except or a masked assessor of study outcomes at each clinical site (18 Department of Veterans Affairs [VA] and 2 Department of Defense [DOD] medical centers). Interventions Veterans were randomly assigned to receive usual care (n=271), consisting of any and all care received from inside or outside the VA or DOD health care systems; CBT plus usual care (n=286); exercise plus usual care (n=269); or CBT plus exercise plus usual care (n=266). Exercise sessions were 60 minutes and CBT sessions were 60 to 90 minutes; both met weekly for 12 weeks. Main Outcome Measures The primary end point was a 7-point or greater increase (improvement) on the Physical Component Summary scale of the Veterans Short Form 36-Item Health Survey at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were standardized measures of pain, fatigue, cognitive symptoms, distress, and mental health functioning. Participants were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results The percentage of veterans with improvement in physical function at 1 year was 11.5% for usual care, 11.7% for exercise alone, 18.4% for CBT plus exercise, and 18.5% for CBT alone. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) for improvement in exercise, CBT, and exercise plus CBT vs usual care were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-1.82), 1.72 (95% CI, 0.91-3.23), and 1.84 (95% CI, 0.95-3.55), respectively. OR for the overall (marginal) effect of receiving CBT (n=552) vs no CBT (n=535) was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.15-2.53) and for exercise (n=531) vs no exercise (n=556) was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.76-1.50). For secondary outcomes, exercise alone or in combination with CBT significantly improved fatigue, distress, cognitive symptoms, and mental health functioning, while CBT alone significantly improved cognitive symptoms and menial health functioning. Neither treatment had a significant impact on pain. Conclusion Our results suggest that CBT and/or exercise can provide modest relief for some of the symptoms of chronic multisymptom illnesses such as GWVI. C1 VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. VA Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, White River Jct, VT USA. VA Med Ctr, Bedford, MA USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Albuquerque, NM USA. San Juan VA Med Ctr, San Juan, PR USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. New York Harbor VA Healthcare Syst, New York, NY USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. John Cochran VA Med Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Fargo VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. HH McGuire VA Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. VA New Jersey Hlth Care Syst, E Orange, NJ USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Dayton VA Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Peduzzi, P (reprint author), VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. RI Williams, David/A-1180-2007 NR 51 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 11 BP 1396 EP 1404 DI 10.1001/jama.289.11.1396 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 656PM UT WOS:000181616200031 PM 12636462 ER PT J AU Shry, EA Eckart, R Furgerson, J Stajduhar, K AF Shry, EA Eckart, R Furgerson, J Stajduhar, K TI The addition of posterior or right-sided chest leads does not enhance the sensitivity of stress testing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 52nd Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP American Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 SU A BP 178A EP 178A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 657LW UT WOS:000181669500771 ER PT J AU Huffer, LL Eckart, RE Shry, EA DeHoyos, JA Simpson, DE AF Huffer, LL Eckart, RE Shry, EA DeHoyos, JA Simpson, DE TI Effect of ethnicity on long-term outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention in a setting with universal access to health care SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 52nd Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP American Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 SU A BP 531A EP 531A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 657LW UT WOS:000181669502296 ER PT J AU He, JA Mosurkal, R Samuelson, LA Li, L Kumar, J AF He, JA Mosurkal, R Samuelson, LA Li, L Kumar, J TI Dye-sensitized solar cell fabricated by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly of amphoteric TiO2 nanoparticles SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; DEVICES; JUNCTIONS; LIGHT AB Nanocrystalline TiO2 amphoteric colloidal charged particles and polyelectrolytes have been used to fabricate a dye-sensitized solar cell. Two weak polyelectrolytes, poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(acrylic acid), and two strong polyelectrolytes, poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDAC) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), have been utilized to assemble polyion/TiO2 nanocomposite multilayered films by the electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition technique. The layer-by-layer assembly of the TiO2 nanoparticles proceeds linearly as shown by sequential UV-vis absorption and thickness measurements. The morphology of these assemblies was characterized using atomic force microscopy. The nanoporous polyion/TiO2 films were sintered and used as working electrodes for cis-di(thiocyanato)-NN-bis(2,2'-bipyridyldicarboxylate)-ruthenium(II) (N3) sensitized solar cells. I-V characteristics of the solar cells made by the calcinated polyelectrolyte/TiO2 electrodes show several;interesting results. (i) The short-circuit current does not linearly increase with the thickness of the TiO2 electrode, even though the adsorption behavior of the N3 dye shows a linear increase. (ii) The precursor polyelectrolytes used to assemble TiO2 play a major role in the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells. Thermogravimetric analysis studies show that the thermal stability of the polyelectrolytes may have a direct effect on the overall device efficiency. (iii) The photovoltaic performance of these solar cells is comparable to that of cells made by other methods such as spin casting, the layer-by-layer technique offers unsurpassed control in manipulating the final device thickness. An efficiency of 7.2% was obtained for the solar cell made from PDAC/TiO2 (200 bilayers) precursor film, under 1 sun at simulated Air Mass 1.5 direct irradiation. C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Samuelson, LA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI MOSURKAL, RAVI/P-6981-2015 NR 20 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 18 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2169 EP 2174 DI 10.1021/la020639b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 655PY UT WOS:000181562700042 ER PT J AU Nyein, EE Hommerich, U Heikenfeld, J Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM AF Nyein, EE Hommerich, U Heikenfeld, J Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM TI Spectral and time-resolved photoluminescence studies of Eu-doped GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LUMINESCENCE; GROWTH; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; ER3+ AB We report on spectral and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) studies performed on Eu-doped GaN prepared by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy. Using above-gap excitation, the integrated PL intensity of the main Eu3+ line at 622.3 nm (D-5(0)-->F-7(2) transition) decreased by nearly 90% between 14 K and room temperature. Using below-gap excitation, the integrated intensity of this line decreased by only similar to50% for the same temperature range. In addition, the Eu3+ PL spectrum and decay dynamics changed significantly compared to above-gap excitation. These results suggest the existence of different Eu3+ centers with distinct optical properties. Photoluminescence excitation measurements revealed resonant intra-4f absorption lines of Eu3+ ions, as well as a broad excitation band centered at similar to400 nm. This broad excitation band overlaps higher lying intra-4f Eu3+ energy levels, providing an efficient pathway for carrier-mediated excitation of Eu3+ ions in GaN. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Nyein, EE (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. OI Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 NR 21 TC 125 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 11 BP 1655 EP 1657 DI 10.1063/1.1560557 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 653NF UT WOS:000181442300003 ER PT J AU Arsenault, JE Brown, KH Endy, TP Chunsuttiwat, S Green, S Hawkes, WC AF Arsenault, JE Brown, KH Endy, TP Chunsuttiwat, S Green, S Hawkes, WC TI Selenium deficiency in Thai children and stability of plasma selenium and vitamin E levels over time SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, CDC, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1135 EP A1135 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901800 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Tabaku, LS Handrigan, MT Oliver, JD Atkins, JA AF Bentley, TB Tabaku, LS Handrigan, MT Oliver, JD Atkins, JA TI Prolonged permissive hypotensive resuscitation in an awake rat model of hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1240 EP A1240 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902295 ER PT J AU Blaha, MD DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Okun, N Hill, C AF Blaha, MD DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Okun, N Hill, C TI Effect of potential vesicant antagonist drugs on white blood cell viability (WBCV) in human whole blood (HWB) exposed to 2-chloroethyl-ethyl sulfide (CEES) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1367 EP A1367 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902897 ER PT J AU Bowman, P Zhao, B Merrill, GA Sondeen, JL AF Bowman, P Zhao, B Merrill, GA Sondeen, JL TI Alterations in gene expression in leukocytes from rats and mice subjected to a 40% fixed volume hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Clin Invest Div, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1240 EP A1240 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902293 ER PT J AU Chan, MM Sawyer, EM Chung, M Sawyer, MAJ Wu, J Hashiro, GM Burghardt, CA Cordts, PR Uyehara, CFT AF Chan, MM Sawyer, EM Chung, M Sawyer, MAJ Wu, J Hashiro, GM Burghardt, CA Cordts, PR Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin preserves vital organ perfusion in vasodilatory septic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A931 EP A931 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900835 ER PT J AU Chuang, AH Henemyre-Harris, CL AF Chuang, AH Henemyre-Harris, CL TI Synergistic effect of ethanol and caffeine on wound healing. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USAMRICD, MCMR, UV, DB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1343 EP A1343 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902782 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT AF Claybaugh, JR Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin (VP) and thirst alterations in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A929 EP A929 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900826 ER PT J AU Cortez, DS Pusateri, AE Martinez, RS Ryan, KL AF Cortez, DS Pusateri, AE Martinez, RS Ryan, KL TI Use of intravenous hemostatic agents to reduce blood loss in rat models of uncontrolled hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1238 EP A1238 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902287 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Sondeen, JL Szebeni, J AF Dubick, MA Sondeen, JL Szebeni, J TI Effects of hypotensive fluid resuscitation with lactated Ringers (LR) on complement activation after hemorrhage in swine SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1237 EP A1237 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902279 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Blaha, M Cayanong, M Jenner, J Kellogg, M AF DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Blaha, M Cayanong, M Jenner, J Kellogg, M TI Human plasma fibronectin (PF) response to eccentric exercise (EE)-induced tissue damage (TD) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, RIEM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. State Lab Inst, Infect Des Lab Div, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. USA, RIEM, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A942 EP A942 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900885 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Moorad, DR Gordon, RK AF Garcia, GE Moorad, DR Gordon, RK TI Buforin analog inhibitors of botulinum toxin B SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A982 EP A982 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901078 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, RR Sullivan, P Staab, JE Blanchard, LA Matthew, CB Matthew, WT Gonzalez, JA Lugg, DJ AF Gonzalez, RR Sullivan, P Staab, JE Blanchard, LA Matthew, CB Matthew, WT Gonzalez, JA Lugg, DJ TI Thermoregulatory responses to cold stress before and after Antarctic winter exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Res, Div Chief, Natick, MA 01760 USA. AAD, Kingston, Tas, Australia. NASA, HQ, Extreme Med, Code AM, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1267 EP A1267 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902422 ER PT J AU Jin, XN Ray, R Li, ZW Ray, P AF Jin, XN Ray, R Li, ZW Ray, P TI Characterization of mustard-stimulated protease by zymography SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A980 EP A980 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901069 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Wynne, H AF Klemcke, HG Wynne, H TI Aluation of FloSeal as a potential intracavitary hemostatic agent via direct application to a rat liver injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1237 EP A1237 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902282 ER PT J AU Oliver, JD Atkins, JL Schooley, JL Wang, Y Bentley, TB Ma, L Pamnani, MB AF Oliver, JD Atkins, JL Schooley, JL Wang, Y Bentley, TB Ma, L Pamnani, MB TI Microdialysis (mu D) measurement of interstitial markers of hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1239 EP A1239 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902291 ER PT J AU Ray, P Leng, Y Li, Z Jin, X Benton, B Ray, R AF Ray, P Leng, Y Li, Z Jin, X Benton, B Ray, R TI Protection against mustard gas based on specific protease inhibitionPlease insert your title here SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1366 EP A1366 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902890 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL Fernandez, R Walters, TJ AF Ryan, KL Fernandez, R Walters, TJ TI Systemic nitrosative stress and cytokine levels following hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1076 EP A1076 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901528 ER PT J AU Santee, WR Blanchard, LA Speckman, KL Wallace, RF Gonzalez, JA Allison, WF AF Santee, WR Blanchard, LA Speckman, KL Wallace, RF Gonzalez, JA Allison, WF TI Adjusting load carriage energy cost estimates for downhill grades SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Mathworks, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A944 EP A944 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900895 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Shih, TM Huynh, LTK Rocb, MM Sun, W Chialvo, DR D'Elia, J Cable, C Jenden, DJ AF Scremin, OU Shih, TM Huynh, LTK Rocb, MM Sun, W Chialvo, DR D'Elia, J Cable, C Jenden, DJ TI Delayed effects of low-dose cholinesterase inhibitors on cardiovascular regulation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A875 EP A875 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900571 ER PT J AU Shupp, JW Vandernoth, L Pontzer, CH Jett, M AF Shupp, JW Vandernoth, L Pontzer, CH Jett, M TI Protective effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B transcytosis peptide SEB152-161 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NIH, NCCAM, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1079 EP A1079 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901541 ER PT J AU Tabaku, LS Bentley, TB Handrigan, MT Oliver, JD Atkins, JA AF Tabaku, LS Bentley, TB Handrigan, MT Oliver, JD Atkins, JA TI Decompensation occurs despite hypotensive resuscitation after hemorrhage in anesthetized Wistar-Furth rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1240 EP A1240 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902296 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Wu, J Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Hashiro, GM AF Uyehara, CFT Wu, J Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Hashiro, GM TI Alcohol exposure disrupts the relationship between brain vasopressin V1 receptors and vasopressin synthesis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A931 EP A932 PN 2 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900836 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Wu, J Burghardt, CA Marean, AJ AF Uyehara, CFT Wu, J Burghardt, CA Marean, AJ TI Alcohol withdrawal reverses increased renal vasopressin sensitivity in rats chronically exposed to alcohol SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A929 EP A929 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900825 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ AF Walters, TJ TI Skeletal muscle fiber type impacts vulnerability to tourniquet-induced injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1076 EP A1077 PN 2 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901531 ER PT J AU Wu, J Hashino, GM Uyehara, CFT AF Wu, J Hashino, GM Uyehara, CFT TI Difference in fluid handling following acute and chronic alcohol exposure in rats is due to altered regulation of renal vasopressin V2 receptor SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A928 EP A929 PN 2 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796900822 ER PT J AU Xu, XJ Tikuisis, P Gonzalez, RR Giesbrecht, G AF Xu, XJ Tikuisis, P Gonzalez, RR Giesbrecht, G TI Mathematical analysis of heat transfer mechanisms applicable for therapeutic hypothermia SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Inst Res, Natick, MA 01760 USA. DRDC Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1264 EP A1264 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902408 ER PT J AU Zhao, BT Stavchansky, SA Bowman, P AF Zhao, BT Stavchansky, SA Bowman, P TI The effect of caffeic acid phenylethyl ester (CAPE) on the response of human endothelial cells to inflammation in vitro SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1040 EP A1040 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796901357 ER PT J AU Pithawalla, YB El-Shall, MS Deevi, S AF Pithawalla, YB El-Shall, MS Deevi, S TI Laser based synthesis of intermetallic Cu-Zn nanoparticles and filaments SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline; Cu-Zn intermetallics; nanoparticle filaments; laser vaporization; fibers ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; ALLOY; EVAPORATION; SYSTEM; COPPER; ZINC AB Nanocrystalline (10-15 nm) intermetallic compounds gamma-Cu5Zn8 and epsilon-CuZn5 are prepared by the laser vaporization controlled condensation technique. The nanoparticles can be assembled into filaments and fibers by applying an electric field during the synthesis. The properties and possible applications of the nanoparticle assemblies are presented and discussed. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Philip Morris Inc, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. RP El-Shall, MS (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, Box 2006, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RI El-Shall, M. Samy/K-8954-2012 OI El-Shall, M. Samy/0000-0002-1013-4948 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 48 IS 6 BP 671 EP 676 AR PII S1359-6462(02)00564-X DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00564-X PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 653AM UT WOS:000181413100004 ER PT J AU Farley, J Smith, LM Darcy, KM Sobel, E O'Connor, D Henderson, B Morrison, LE Birrer, MJ AF Farley, J Smith, LM Darcy, KM Sobel, E O'Connor, D Henderson, B Morrison, LE Birrer, MJ TI Cyclin E expression is a significant predictor of survival in advanced, suboptimally debulked ovarian epithelial cancers: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; GENE AMPLIFICATION; P27(KIP1); OVEREXPRESSION; D1; ASSOCIATION; REGULATORS; CARCINOMA; INHIBITOR; TUMORS AB Cyclin E is a key regulator of the G(1)-S transition. Abnormalities in cyclin E expression have been related to survival in a variety of cancers. This study evaluated the prognostic relevance of cyclin E in human ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemical expression of cyclin E was evaluated in 139 advanced, suboptimally debulked epithelial ovarian cancer specimens from patients treated on Gynecologic Oncology Group protocol 111. High cyclin E protein expression (greater than or equal to 40% cyclin E positive tumor cells) was seen in 62 (45%) of the advanced, suboptimally debulked ovarian cancer patients. Expression of cyclin E was not associated with age, race, stage, grade, cell type, or amount of residual disease. High verses low cyclin E expression was associated with a shorter median survival (29 2 versus 35 +/- 3 months) and worse overall survival (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that high relative to low cyclin E was associated with a 40-50% increase in the risk of death (hazard rate, P less than or equal to 0.05). Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used in a subset of 20 cases to examine cyclin E gene amplification. Eight of 10 cases with high cyclin E expression exhibited amplification of the cyclin E gene, whereas only 1 of 10 cases with low expression displayed gene amplification (P < 0.006). High cyclin E expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for patients with advanced ovarian cancer, and it was associated with amplification of the cyclin E gene. C1 NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Cell & Canc Biol Dept, Med Branch,Div Clin Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Gynecol Oncol Grp Stat & Data Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Norton Healthcare Inc, Clin Pathol Associates, Louisville, KY 40207 USA. Vysis Inc, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. RP Birrer, MJ (reprint author), NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Cell & Canc Biol Dept, Med Branch,Div Clin Sci, 9610 Med Ctr Dr,Suite 300, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM birrerm@bprb.nci.nih.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 27469, CA 37517] NR 30 TC 87 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1235 EP 1241 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 658BT UT WOS:000181702300016 PM 12649182 ER PT J AU Qi, S Hay, KJ AF Qi, S Hay, KJ TI Comment on "wet oxidation lumped kinetic model for wastewater organic burden biodegradability prediction" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Qi, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Qi, Shaoying/A-2837-2008 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1225 EP 1226 DI 10.1021/es020910b PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 656VH UT WOS:000181629700026 PM 12680679 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, CJ Martin, DD Kusuda, L Lance, R Douglas, R Donahue, T Beat, MG Foley, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D Do, J Amling, CL AF Johnstone, PAS Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, CJ Martin, DD Kusuda, L Lance, R Douglas, R Donahue, T Beat, MG Foley, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D Do, J Amling, CL TI Effect of age on biochemical disease-free outcome in patients with T1-T3 prostate cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy in an equal-access health care system: A radiation oncology report of the department of defense center for prostate disease research SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Therapeutic-Radiology-and-Oncology CY OCT 06-10, 2002 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Soc Therapeut Radiol & Oncol DE prostate neoplasms; radiotherapy; outcomes ID EXTERNAL-BEAM RADIATION; MEN LESS; THERAPY; ADENOCARCINOMA; OLD; PROGNOSIS; CARCINOMA; YOUNGER; ANTIGEN; RACE AB Purpose: It has traditionally been a common perception that young age is a negative prognostic factor in prostate cancer (CaP). Furthermore, many urologists believe that younger patients are better suited to surgery rather than radiotherapy (RT) because of this perception. However, the data on the effect of age on outcome in patients with CaP are unclear. The records of the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research were queried for the biochemical disease-free results of patients after definitive RT and analyzed by age. Methods and Materials: The records of 1018 patients with T1-T3 CaP treated with definitive RT between 1988 and 2000 were reviewed. The records of patients receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy or adjuvant or salvage RT postoperatively were excluded. Biochemical failure was calculated by the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology criteria. The median potential follow-up was 85.3 months as of December 31, 2001. Results: Age did not affect biochemical disease-free survival significantly when considered as <60 vs. greater than or equal to60 years (p = 0.646), by decade (p = 0.329), or as a continuous variable (correlation coefficient r = 0.017, regression slope = 0.007, with p = 0.588 and R-2 < 0.001). Using multiple regression analysis, age was still not significant (p = 0.408). Other variables analyzed were pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level (p < 0.001), Gleason sum (p = 0.023), stage (p = 0.828), and RT dose (p = 0.033). Conclusion: Age and biochemical disease-free survival after RT for CaP are not related. Age may not be a valid factor in choosing between primary treatment options for CaP. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, KCA, Clin Invest Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Ctr Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Andrews AFB, MD USA. RP USN, San Diego Med Ctr, KCA, Clin Invest Dept, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM pajohnstone@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 EI 1879-355X J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 55 IS 4 BP 964 EP 969 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)04283-9 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 650NE UT WOS:000181269600013 PM 12605974 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Kumar, A Tsokos, CG Warke, VG Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Kumar, A Tsokos, CG Warke, VG Tsokos, GC TI Forced expression of the Fc receptor gamma-chain renders human T cells hyperresponsive to TCR/CD3 stimulation SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; EPSILON-RI-GAMMA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION MOLECULES; ZETA-CHAIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; IL-2 PRODUCTION; MICE LACKING; ANTIGEN; LYMPHOCYTES AB High level expression of FcepsilonRIgamma chain replaces the deficient TCR xi-chain and contributes to altered TCR/CD3-mediated signaling abnormalities in T cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Increased responsiveness to Ag has been considered to lead to autoimmunity. To test this concept, we studied early signaling events and IL-2 production in fresh cells transfected with a eukaryotic expression vector encoding the FcepsilonRIgamma gene. We found that the overexpressed FcepsilonRIgamma chain colocalizes with the CD3epsilon chain on the surface membrane of T cells and that cross-linking of the new TCR/CD3 complex leads to a dramatic increase of intracytoplasmic calcium concentration, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and IL-2 production. We observed that overexpression of FcepsilonRIgamma is associated with increased phosphorylation of Syk kinase, while the endogenous TCR xi-chain is down-regulated. We propose that altered composition of the CD3 complex leads to increased T cell responsiveness to TCR/CD3 stimulation and sets the biochemical grounds for the development of autoimmunity. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42269] NR 36 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 170 IS 6 BP 2871 EP 2876 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 653AF UT WOS:000181412500012 PM 12626537 ER PT J AU Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI The cyclic adenosine 5 '-monophosphate response element modulator suppresses IL-2 production in stimulated T cells by a chromatin-dependent mechanism SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR ICER; CAMP EARLY REPRESSOR; INTERLEUKIN-2 GENE; CROSS-TALK; THE-180 SITE; FACTOR CREB; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER AB The production of IL-2 is tightly controlled by several transcription factors that bind to the IL-2 promoter. The cAMP response element modulator (CREM) is known to form complexes with CREB and bind to the -180 site of the IL-2 promoter in anergic and in systemic lupus erythematosus T cells. In this study we show that CREM is transcriptionally induced in T cells following stimulation through CD3 and CD28, binds to the IL-2 promoter in vivo, and suppresses IL-2 production. Transfection of an antisense CREM plasmid into T cells blocked the expression and binding of CREM to the IL-2 promoter and the decrease of IL-2 production, which follows the early increase after T cell stimulation with CD3 and CD28. In addition, as assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, antisense CREM prevented the binding of protein 300 and cANIP response element binding protein and promoted the acetylation of histones. Antisense CREM also enhanced the accessibility of the IL-2 promoter to endonucleases and prevented the condensation of chromatin in vivo. Our data suggest that upon T cell activation, CREM gradually replaces phosphorylated CREB at the -180 site of the IL-2 promoter. CREM, in turn, binds protein 300 and cAMP response element binding protein, but CREM is unable to activate its histone acetyltransferase activity, which results in condensation of chromatin and down-regulation of IL-2 production. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Bldg 503,Room 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI49954] NR 40 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 170 IS 6 BP 2971 EP 2976 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 653AF UT WOS:000181412500024 PM 12626549 ER PT J AU Swanson, SJ Hale, DA Mannon, RB Harlan, DM Kirk, AD AF Swanson, SJ Hale, DA Mannon, RB Harlan, DM Kirk, AD TI Kidney transplantation with rabbit antithymocyte globulin and sirolimus monotherapy - Reply SO LANCET LA English DT Letter ID REQUIREMENT; INDUCTION; TOLERANCE C1 NIDDKD, Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kirk, AD (reprint author), NIDDKD, Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 361 IS 9361 BP 969 EP 970 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12753-5 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 658VP UT WOS:000181741600033 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The mourner's song: War and remembrance from the Iliad to Vietnam. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 5 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 672LZ UT WOS:000182523300120 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of tetraisocyanatosilane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; tetraisocyanatosilane ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; TETRA-ISOCYANATE-SILANE; SIO2 THIN-FILMS; SILICON-DIOXIDE; SI(NCO)(4); CVD AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Si(NCO)4 are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Si-N stretch, N-C-O symmetric stretch, N-C-O asymmetric stretch, N-C-O bend, Si-N-C bend, and N-Si-N bend) utilizing the T-d symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jamesjensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 59 IS 5 BP 937 EP 947 AR PII S1386-1425(02)00280-9 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00280-9 PG 11 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 660MD UT WOS:000181836200006 PM 12633711 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of maleonitrile SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; maleonitrile ID SPECTRA AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of maleonitrile are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Cequivalent toN stretch, C=C stretch, C-C stretch, C-H stretch, C-H bend, C-Cequivalent toN bend, C-Cequivalent toN bend, C-C=C-C torsion) utilizing the C-2V symmetry of the molecule. The molecular orbitals of maleonitrile are also examined. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 44 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1119 EP 1126 AR PII S1386-1425(02)00291-3 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00291-3 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 660MD UT WOS:000181836200025 PM 12633730 ER PT J AU Baker-Fulco, C Kramer, M Merrill, E Lesher, L AF Baker-Fulco, C Kramer, M Merrill, E Lesher, L TI Dietary patterns of male and female soldiers with limited food choices SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A286 EP A286 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733101364 ER PT J AU Baskin, SI Zoltani, CK Platoff, GE AF Baskin, SI Zoltani, CK Platoff, GE TI Use of in silico technology to determine toxicity from chemical terror agents SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USAMRICD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A615 EP A615 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102898 ER PT J AU Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV AF Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV TI Application of heart rate variability (HRV) to determine autonomic nervous system changes in cooled and rewarmed rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A30 EP A30 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100147 ER PT J AU Bhat, KR Roman, JM Benton, BJ Ray, R AF Bhat, KR Roman, JM Benton, BJ Ray, R TI DNA damage and repair in sulfur mustard (SM) exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) are affected by the general caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, but not so effectively by the caspase-3 inhibitor AC-DEVD-CHO SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Lincoln Univ, Dept Chem, Lincoln Univ, PA 19352 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A267 EP A267 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733101278 ER PT J AU Bi, SG Das, R Van Gessel, Y Mani, S Yang, DCH Jett, M AF Bi, SG Das, R Van Gessel, Y Mani, S Yang, DCH Jett, M TI Kinetic global gene expression pattern investigation of lethal shock and incapacitation challenge in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin A and B (SEA and SEB) in piglets SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A187 EP A187 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100903 ER PT J AU Carra, JH Hotze, EM McHugh, CA Tweten, RK AF Carra, JH Hotze, EM McHugh, CA Tweten, RK TI Stabilities of perfringolysin O in solution and in prepore and pore complexes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. OUHSC, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A597 EP A597 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102812 ER PT J AU Chiang, PK Caser, RA Hacker, A Caridha, D AF Chiang, PK Caser, RA Hacker, A Caridha, D TI Synergistic effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and N8-acetylspermidine (N8-SPD) to protect cells poisoned by a sulfur mustard from apoptosis and the abolition of the down-regulation of AP1 and NF kappa B SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A620 EP A620 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102921 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ deGaravilla, LM AF Durkot, MJ deGaravilla, LM TI Effects of peripheral vasodilation on core cooling in hyperthermic rats during tail cold water immersion SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A29 EP A29 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100141 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG McClain, DE Warke, VG Krishnan, S Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG McClain, DE Warke, VG Krishnan, S Tsokos, GC TI Constitutive NO synthase regulates the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in human T cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A659 EP A659 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733103102 ER PT J AU Leon, LR DuBose, DA Mason, CW AF Leon, LR DuBose, DA Mason, CW TI Heat stress induces torpor in mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A28 EP A28 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100137 ER PT J AU Lozanoff, S Uyehara, CFT Ma, WB Himenes, M AF Lozanoff, S Uyehara, CFT Ma, WB Himenes, M TI Endothelin-1 and Na,K-ATPase expression and function in the kidney of mice with renal hypodysplasia and hypertension SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NCI, Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Hawaii, Lab Anim Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A103 EP A103 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100497 ER PT J AU Mani, S Van Gessel, Y Bi, SG Das, R Jett, M AF Mani, S Van Gessel, Y Bi, SG Das, R Jett, M TI Correlation of gene expression profiles in relevant lymphoid tissues with clinical/morphological changes in a piglet model for Staphylococcal enterotoxin-B (SEB) induced lethal shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A573 EP A573 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102696 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Bastille, AM Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV AF Matthew, CB Bastille, AM Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV TI Heart rate variability successfully discriminates between hyperthermia, hyperthermia with dehydration and dehydration alone in rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A30 EP A30 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100146 ER PT J AU McHugh, CA Tammariello, RF Millard, CB Carra, JH AF McHugh, CA Tammariello, RF Millard, CB Carra, JH TI Folding of a stable sub-domain of the ricin A chain SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A596 EP A596 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102810 ER PT J AU Ray, R Benton, BJ Burke, ME Anderson, DR Petrali, JP Hamilton, T Leng, Y Ray, P AF Ray, R Benton, BJ Burke, ME Anderson, DR Petrali, JP Hamilton, T Leng, Y Ray, P TI The general caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK protects against sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity in the human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A680 EP A680 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733103203 ER PT J AU Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Drew, GA AF Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Drew, GA TI High-fidelity hemodynamic waveform database SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Millar Instruments Inc, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A115 EP A115 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100555 ER PT J AU Saboori, AM Gordon, RK AF Saboori, AM Gordon, RK TI Selective binding of organophosphate pesticides using molecular imprinted polymers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A586 EP A586 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102760 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP Ishida, H Ray, P AF Zhang, XP Ishida, H Ray, P TI Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) regulates neuroexocytosis to counteract botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) poisoning SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A622 EP A622 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102931 ER PT J AU Swietnicki, W Barnie, AM Dyas, BK Ulrich, RG AF Swietnicki, W Barnie, AM Dyas, BK Ulrich, RG TI Zinc binding and dimerization of Streptococcus pyogenes pyrogenic exotoxin C are not essential for T-cell stimulation SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-A; MHC-CLASS-II; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HLA-DR; SPE-C; SUPERANTIGEN; MOLECULES; RECEPTOR; RECOGNITION; ACTIVATION AB Streptococcal pyrogenic enterotoxin C (Spe-C) is a superantigen virulence factor produced by Streptococcus pyogenes that activates T-cells polyclonally. The biologically active form of Spe-C is thought to be a homodimer containing an essential zinc coordination site on each subunit, consisting of the residues His(167), HiS(201), and Asp(203). Crystallographic data suggested that receptor specificity is dependent on contacts between the zinc coordination site of Spe-C and the beta-chain of the major histocompatibility complex type H (MHCII) molecule. Our results indicate that only a minor fraction of dimer is present at T-cell stimulatory concentrations of Spe-C following mutation of the unpaired side chain of cysteine at residue 27 to serine. Mutations of amino acid residues His(167), HiS(201), or Asp(203) had only minor effects on protein stability but resulted in greatly diminished MHCII binding, as measured by surface plasmon resonance with isolated receptor/ligand pairs and flow cytometry with MHCII-expressing cells. However, with the exception of the mutants D203A and D203N, mutation of the zinc-binding site of Spe-C did not significantly impact T-cell activation. The mutation Y76A, located in a polar pocket conserved among most superantigens, resulted in significant loss of T-cell stimulation, although no effect was observed on the overall binding to human MHCII molecules, perhaps because of the masking of this lower affinity interaction by the dominant zinc-dependent binding. To a lesser extent, mutations of side chains found in a second conserved MHCII alpha-chain-binding site consisting of a hydrophobic surface loop decreased T-cell stimulation. Our results demonstrate that dimerization and zinc coordination are not essential for biological activity of Spe-C and suggest the contribution of an alternative MHCII binding mode to T-cell activation. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Swietnicki, W (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 11 BP 9885 EP 9895 DI 10.1074/jbc.M206957200 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 654YF UT WOS:000181524000135 PM 12473669 ER PT J AU Moore, JT Chu, D Jiang, RZ Deluga, GA Lukehart, CM AF Moore, JT Chu, D Jiang, RZ Deluga, GA Lukehart, CM TI Synthesis and characterization of Os and Pt-Os/carbon nanocomposites and their relative performance as methanol electrooxidation catalysts SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FUEL-CELLS; ANODE CATALYST; RU; OXIDATION; TERNARY; ELECTROCATALYSIS; COMPLEXES; ALLOYS; BINARY; SN AB Thermal treatment of cis-(2,2'-bipyridine)(2)OSCl2, (eta(6)-cymene)(2)Os2Cl4, or [(bpy)(2)Os(mu-bpm)-PtCl2] [CF3SO3](2)/Vulcan carbon powder composites under solely reductive conditions affords Os or Pt-Os/carbon nanocomposites consisting of metal nanoparticles highly dispersed on the carbon support. Nanocomposites containing ca. 35-50 wt% metal with metal nanocrystals of ca. 5-6 nm average diameter are formed. Evaluation of the performance of these nanocomposites as methanol electrooxidation catalysts in direct methanol fuel cells and in an electrochemical cell designed for combinatorial testing reveals that, although the Os/ carbon nanocomposites and the Pt-Os alloy/carbon nanocomposite give open circuit potentials indicative of thermodynamically favorable methanol oxidation, the kinetics of these oxidations are too low to be of practical importance. Unfortunately, the Os-containing electrocatalysts prepared by this synthesis strategy did not exhibit high performance for methanol oxidations as predicted by theoretical computations. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Minnesota, Corros Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Lukehart, CM (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 36 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 11 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1119 EP 1124 DI 10.1021/cm011565c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 653MW UT WOS:000181441100013 ER PT J AU Solomon, T Dung, NM Wills, B Kneen, R Gainsborough, M Diet, TV Thuy, TTN Loan, HT Khanh, VC Vaughn, DW White, NJ Farrar, JJ AF Solomon, T Dung, NM Wills, B Kneen, R Gainsborough, M Diet, TV Thuy, TTN Loan, HT Khanh, VC Vaughn, DW White, NJ Farrar, JJ TI Interferon alfa-2a in Japanese encephalitis: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CLINICAL-FEATURES; VIRUS; DENGUE; WEST; INFECTIONS; RIBAVIRIN; MALARIA AB Background Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), although confined to Asia, causes about 35 000-50 000 cases and 10 000 deaths every year, and is the most important cause of encephalitis worldwide. There is no known antiviral treatment for any flavivirus. Results from in-vitro studies and work in animals have shown inteferon alfa has antiviral activity on Japanese encephalitis and other flaviviruses; therefore, we aimed to assess the efficacy of inteferon alfa-2a in Japanese encephalitis. Methods We did a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of interferon alfa-2a (10 million units/m(2), daily for 7 days) in 112 Vietnamese children with suspected Japanese encephalitis, 87 of whom had serologically confirmed infections. Our primary endpoints were hospital death or severe sequelae at discharge. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings Overall, 21 children (19%) died, and 17 (15%) had severe sequelae. Outcome at discharge and 3 months did not differ between the two treatment groups; 20 children in the interferon group had a poor outcome (death or severe sequelae), compared with 18 in the placebo group (p=0.85, difference 0.1%, 95% CI-17.5 to 17.6%), there were no long-term side effects of interferon. Interpretation The doses of interferon alfa-2a given in this regimen did not improve the outcome of patients with Japanese encephalitis. C1 Univ Liverpool, Walton Ctr Neurol & Neurosurg, Dept Neurol Sci, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, England. Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford, England. Royal Liverpool Childrens NHS Trust, Roald Dahl EEG Unit, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. Hosp Trop Dis, Univ Oxford Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Mahidol Univ Oxford Trop Med Res P, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Solomon, T (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Walton Ctr Neurol & Neurosurg, Dept Neurol Sci, Lower Lane, Liverpool L9 7LJ, Merseyside, England. EM tsolomon@liv.ac.uk RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 NR 31 TC 84 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 8 PY 2003 VL 361 IS 9360 BP 821 EP 826 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12709-2 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653ZH UT WOS:000181466600011 PM 12642049 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, DS Velena, A Chou, FP Schlegel, R Ray, R Benton, B Anderson, D Smith, WJ Simbulan-Rosenthal, CM AF Rosenthal, DS Velena, A Chou, FP Schlegel, R Ray, R Benton, B Anderson, D Smith, WJ Simbulan-Rosenthal, CM TI Expression of dominant-negative Fas-associated death domain blocks human keratinocyte apoptosis and vesication induced by sulfur mustard SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16; SIGNALING COMPLEX DISC; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; ICE/CED-3 PROTEASE; DEPENDENT PATHWAY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SUNBURN CELLS; ACTIVATION; CD95 AB DNA damaging agents up-regulate levels of the Fas receptor or its ligand, resulting in recruitment of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and autocatalytic activation of caspase-8, consequently activating the executioner caspases-3, -6, and -7. We found that human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to a vesicating dose (300 pm) of sulfur mustard (SM) exhibit a dose-dependent increase in the levels of Fas receptor and Fas ligand. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the upstream caspases-8 and -9 are both activated in a time-dependent fashion, and caspase-8 is cleaved prior to caspase-9. These results are consistent with the activation of both death receptor (caspase-8) and mitochondrial (caspase-9) pathways by SM. Pretreatment of keratinocytes with a peptide inhibitor of caspase-3 (Ac-DEVD-CHO) suppressed SM-induced downstream markers of apoptosis. To further analyze the importance of the death receptor pathway in SM toxicity, we utilized Fas- or tumor necrosis factor receptor-neutralizing antibodies or constructs expressing a dominant-negative FADD (FADD-DN) to inhibit the recruitment of FADD to the death receptor complex and block the Fast tumor necrosis factor receptor pathway following SM exposure. Keratinocytes pretreated with Fas-blocking antibody or stably expressing FADD-DN and exhibiting reduced levels of FADD signaling demonstrated markedly decreased caspase-3 activity when treated with SM. In addition, the processing of procaspases-3, -7, and -8 into their active forms was observed in SM-treated control keratinocytes, but not in FADD-DN cells. Blocking the death receptor complex by expression of FADD-DN additionally inhibited SM-induced internucleosomal DNA cleavage and caspase-6-mediated nuclear lamin cleavage. Significantly, we further found that altering the death receptor pathway by expressing FADD-DN in human skin grafted onto nude mice reduces vesication and tissue injury in response to SM. These results indicate that the death receptor pathway plays a pivotal role in SM-induced apoptosis and is therefore a target for therapeutic intervention to reduce SM injury. C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Rosenthal, DS (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA100443-05, R01 CA100443] NR 48 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 10 BP 8531 EP 8540 DI 10.1074/jbc.M209549200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 653ZK UT WOS:000181466800102 PM 12482751 ER PT J AU Chen, MW McCauley, JW Hemker, KJ AF Chen, MW McCauley, JW Hemker, KJ TI Shock-induced localized amorphization in boron carbide SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ALPHA-QUARTZ; CRYSTAL; STRAIN; SILICON; DEFORMATION; NANOWIRES AB High-resolution electron microscope observations of shock-loaded boron carbide have revealed the formation of nanoscale intragranular amorphous bands that occur parallel to specific crystallographic planes and contiguously with apparent cleaved fracture surfaces. This damage mechanism explains the measured, but not previously understood, decrease in the ballistic performance of boron carbide at high impact rates and pressures. The formation of these amorphous bands is also an example of how shock loading can result in the synthesis of novel structures and materials with substantially altered properties. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Hemker, KJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Hemker, Kevin/A-3315-2010; Chen, Mingwei/A-4855-2010 OI Chen, Mingwei/0000-0002-2850-8872 NR 28 TC 213 Z9 216 U1 7 U2 104 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5612 BP 1563 EP 1566 DI 10.1126/science.1080819 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 652EY UT WOS:000181367900034 PM 12624264 ER PT J AU Downer, CW Ogden, FL AF Downer, CW Ogden, FL TI Prediction of runoff and soil moistures at the watershed scale: Effects of model complexity and parameter assignment SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hydrology; hydrologic modeling; CASC2D; GSSHA; physically based; seasonality ID SIMULATION-MODELS; AMPT INFILTRATION; CALIBRATION; VERIFICATION; GREEN AB [1] The application of physically based hydrologic models implies they properly simulate processes at the computational scale. A chief criticism is that model predictions are compared only to discharge data. The physically based, hydrologic model CASC2D is reformulated such that soil moistures and fluxes can be computed using Richards' equation. The gridded surface subsurface hydrologic analysis (GSSHA) model is calibrated and verified against outlet discharge measurements during the growing season. The verified model is used to simulate an extended period during which measurements of soil moisture are available. Though soil moisture data are not used in the calibration and verification efforts, the model reproduces both the trends and the magnitude of soil moisture during the growing season. With additional formulation enhancements, soil moistures during the nongrowing season are also reproduced within a root-mean-square error of 0.1. However, more work is needed to understand the underprediction of runoff during the nongrowing season. C1 USA, Watershed Syst Grp, Hydrol Syst Branch,Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Corps Engineers,Engn Res & Dev Ctr,Waterways Expt, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Downer, CW (reprint author), USA, Watershed Syst Grp, Hydrol Syst Branch,Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Corps Engineers,Engn Res & Dev Ctr,Waterways Expt, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 44 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 3 AR 1045 DI 10.1029/2002WR001439 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 665GG UT WOS:000182110800004 ER PT J AU Lee, BK Atwood, JE AF Lee, BK Atwood, JE TI Calcified left ventricular aneurysm SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lee, BK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 6 PY 2003 VL 348 IS 10 BP 918 EP 918 DI 10.1056/NEJMicm010137 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 651UU UT WOS:000181341100007 PM 12621136 ER PT J AU Alexander, TA Gillespie, JB Pellegrino, P AF Alexander, TA Gillespie, JB Pellegrino, P TI Near-infrared surface-enhanced-Raman-scattering mediated identification of single, optically trapped, bacterial spores. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Opt Branch, AMSRL,SE,EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM talexander@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA anyl-212 BP U140 EP U140 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917800618 ER PT J AU Banks, HD AF Banks, HD TI Computational study to elucidate the extraordinary reactivity of 3-membered heterocycles in nucleophilic substitution reactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res & Technol Directorate, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB,RRT,TC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM hdbanks@apgea.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 695-ORGN BP U415 EP U415 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002098 ER PT J AU Bays, JT Petteys, R Topper, M AF Bays, JT Petteys, R Topper, M TI Ionic liquids as suitable matrices for matrix isolation photochemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. SUNY Coll New Paltz, Dept Chem, New Paltz, NY USA. EM tim-bays@usma.edu; Rory.Petteys@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 668-INOR BP U128 EP U128 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000662 ER PT J AU Brechbiel, MW Milenic, DE Garmestani, K Abdulla, A Overstreet, T Flynn, J AF Brechbiel, MW Milenic, DE Garmestani, K Abdulla, A Overstreet, T Flynn, J TI Radioimmunotherapy of intraperitoneal disseminated disease: Preliminary evaluation of herceptin as a radio immunoconjugate. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Radioimmune & Inorgan Chem Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 117-NUCL BP U267 EP U267 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001373 ER PT J AU Chen, MH Kumar, R Yang, K Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Watterson, AC AF Chen, MH Kumar, R Yang, K Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Watterson, AC TI Studies on the supramolecular-organization of amphiphilic copolymers into nano-micelles by light scattering techniques. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem & Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM m20774@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 156-POLY BP U555 EP U555 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002853 ER PT J AU Drew, C Ziegler, D Wang, XY Bruno, FF Samuelson, L Kumar, J AF Drew, C Ziegler, D Wang, XY Bruno, FF Samuelson, L Kumar, J TI Nanoscale titanium dioxide coatings applied to electrospun nanofibers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM cdrew98@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 18-PMSE BP U662 EP U662 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003438 ER PT J AU Felt, DR Wani, A Larson, SL Davis, JL AF Felt, DR Wani, A Larson, SL Davis, JL TI Analysis of RDX and RDX breakdown products in environmental samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Appl Res Associates Inc, So Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Washington, DC USA. EM dfelt@ara.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 233-ENVR BP U835 EP U835 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803944 ER PT J AU Ford, CD Liu, LM Singh, M He, JB John, VT McPherson, G Sennett, M Bose, A AF Ford, CD Liu, LM Singh, M He, JB John, VT McPherson, G Sennett, M Bose, A TI Biomolecular approach to polymer encapsulation in mesoporous materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Tulane Univ, Coordinated Instrument Facil, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA USA. EM cford1@tulane.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 30-PMSE BP U664 EP U664 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003449 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, HL Furey, JS Talley, JW AF Fredrickson, HL Furey, JS Talley, JW TI Biological availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants and quality of organic carbon SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM fredrih@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 006-GEOC BP U911 EP U912 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804211 ER PT J AU Furey, JS Fredrickson, HL Byrnes, J Kennedy, RH Richmond, M AF Furey, JS Fredrickson, HL Byrnes, J Kennedy, RH Richmond, M TI Reservoirs in watersheds - On the use of biogeochemical characteristics to determine origins and diagenesis of sedimentary organic matter SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Dyncorp, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM fureyj@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 068-GEOC BP U922 EP U922 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804273 ER PT J AU Gent, D Larson, SL Alshawabkeh, AN AF Gent, D Larson, SL Alshawabkeh, AN TI Electrokinetic amendment transport for bioremediation of low permeable source zones SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gentd@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 96 BP U812 EP U812 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803807 ER PT J AU Gent, D Larson, SL Granade, S Alshawabkeh, AN Bricka, RM AF Gent, D Larson, SL Granade, S Alshawabkeh, AN Bricka, RM TI Comparison between bench-scale and field-scale demonstration of chromium remediation by electrokinetics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USN, Point Mugu Nawc, CA USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS USA. EM gentd@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 93 BP U811 EP U811 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803804 ER PT J AU Hwang, S Felt, DR Bouwer, EJ Brooks, MC Larson, SL Davis, JL AF Hwang, S Felt, DR Bouwer, EJ Brooks, MC Larson, SL Davis, JL TI Alkaline hydrolysis is an effective treatment technology for RDX-contaminated groundwater SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 234-ENVR BP U835 EP U835 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803945 ER PT J AU Ku, BC Froio, D Ratto, JA Steeves, D Kim, DW Blumstein, A Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Ku, BC Froio, D Ratto, JA Steeves, D Kim, DW Blumstein, A Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Cross-linked polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites and their oxygen barrier properties. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. US Army Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA USA. EM bu_ku@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 295-COLL BP U653 EP U653 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803044 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Tyagi, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Watterson, AC Kumar, J AF Kumar, R Tyagi, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Watterson, AC Kumar, J TI Enzymatic synthesis of multi-component copolymers and their structural characterization. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem & Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM rajesh_kumar@uml.edu; Rahul_Tyagi@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 293-POLY BP U574 EP U574 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002990 ER PT J AU Kumar, V Dhawan, A Wang, XY Parmar, VS Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, A AF Kumar, V Dhawan, A Wang, XY Parmar, VS Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, A TI Post-coupling of enzymatically synthesized phenolic polymers for sensing hazardous and explosive type species. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA USA. EM vijayendra_kumar@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 169-POLY BP U557 EP U557 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002866 ER PT J AU Kurian, M Galvin, M Madison, P Beyer, FL AF Kurian, M Galvin, M Madison, P Beyer, FL TI Morphological studies of model polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Army Res Lab, AMSRL WM MA, Washington, DC USA. EM maryk@udel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 492-POLY BP U620 EP U620 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003189 ER PT J AU McGarvey, D Brickhouse, MD AF McGarvey, D Brickhouse, MD TI Iron chelation as a means of remediating samples for NMR analysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, SBCCOM, AMSSB RRT PC, Apgea, MD 21010 USA. EM davidmcgarvey@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 109-INOR BP U24 EP U24 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000108 ER PT J AU Moon, K Labare, MP Starke, JA Kelley, MB Talbot, M Butkus, MA AF Moon, K Labare, MP Starke, JA Kelley, MB Talbot, M Butkus, MA TI Integration of UV radiation into army small-scale water treatment devices. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM x35441@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 334-CHED BP U373 EP U373 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801641 ER PT J AU Myers, TE Bowman, DW AF Myers, TE Bowman, DW TI Electrochemicalgeooxidation (ECGO) of PAHs in sediment preliminary SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Detroit, MI USA. US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Washington, DC USA. EM tommy.e.myers@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 118-ENVR BP U816 EP U816 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803829 ER PT J AU Pieri, MTA Labare, MP AF Pieri, MTA Labare, MP TI Antimicrobial properties of golden rod plant extracts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM x35536@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 838-CHED BP U481 EP U481 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802144 ER PT J AU Schwartz, J Labare, MP Bays, JT AF Schwartz, J Labare, MP Bays, JT TI Response of a marine bacterium to elevated levels of carbon dioxide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM x35676@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 348-CHED BP U375 EP U375 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801655 ER PT J AU Shi, CM Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Shi, CM Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Solid state polymerization of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) facilitated by supercritical carbon dioxide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Micell Technol, Raleigh, NC USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cshi@unity.ncsu.edu; groberts@eos.ncsu.edu; Kiserow@aro.arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 664-POLY BP U646 EP U646 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003361 ER PT J AU Singh, M Agarwal, V Ford, CD Liu, LM McPherson, G Johnson, PW Bose, A John, VT Sennett, M AF Singh, M Agarwal, V Ford, CD Liu, LM McPherson, G Johnson, PW Bose, A John, VT Sennett, M TI Enzymatic polymerization in spontaneously formed CTAB/HDBS vesicle bilayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lindy Boggs Ctr 300, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Electron Microscope & Imaging Facil, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 65-PMSE BP U670 EP U670 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003484 ER PT J AU Sloan, J Hsieh, A Patterson, P AF Sloan, J Hsieh, A Patterson, P TI Mechanisms of photo degradation for layered silicate-polycarbonate nanocomposites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, AMSRL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsloan@arl.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 211-PMSE BP U692 EP U692 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003630 ER PT J AU Sorial, GA Palaniswamy, D Maloney, SW AF Sorial, GA Palaniswamy, D Maloney, SW TI Electrochemical reduction of nitroaromatics in a continuous flow reactor. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM George.Sorial@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 113-ENVR BP U815 EP U815 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803824 ER PT J AU Stanton, B Nichols, D AF Stanton, B Nichols, D TI Tryptanthrins: A synthetic route to bioavailability. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60208 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM b-stanton@northwestern.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 388-CHED BP U380 EP U380 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801695 ER PT J AU Tan, G Sahiner, N Singh, M John, V McPherson, G Bose, A Sennett, M AF Tan, G Sahiner, N Singh, M John, V McPherson, G Bose, A Sennett, M TI Organogels as templates in polymer synthesis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 220-PMSE BP U694 EP U694 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003639 ER PT J AU Thomsen, PA Riegner, DE Labare, MP AF Thomsen, PA Riegner, DE Labare, MP TI Metal binding properties of two marine bacterial isolates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM x35796@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 339-CHED BP U373 EP U373 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801646 ER PT J AU Valsaraj, KT Ravikrishna, R Thibodeaux, L Price, C Brannon, JM AF Valsaraj, KT Ravikrishna, R Thibodeaux, L Price, C Brannon, JM TI Dredging-induced re-suspension of sediments and consequent air emissions from contaminated sediment dredged materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USA, Corps Engn, Washington, DC USA. EM valsaraj@lsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 262-ENVR BP U840 EP U840 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803973 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Kim, YG Drew, C Ku, BC Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Wang, XY Kim, YG Drew, C Ku, BC Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Biochemical sensor via combination of electrospinning with electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. EM xianyan_w@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 20-PMSE BP U663 EP U663 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003440 ER PT J AU D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bowden, CM Bloemer, MJ AF D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bowden, CM Bloemer, MJ TI Quadratic interactions in finite, one-dimensional, photonic band gap structures with deep gratings: beyond the undepleted pump regime SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics Applications CY SEP 05-08, 2002 CL LUKECIN, POLAND ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; MULTILAYERED STRUCTURES; 2ND-ORDER INTERACTION; PERIODIC STRUCTURES; PHASE; CRYSTALS; ENHANCEMENT; PULSES; LIGHT; SOLITONS AB We theoretically study quadratic interactions in finite, one-dimensional, photonic band gap structures with deep gratings, under strong pumping and global phase matching conditions. For second harmonic generation, we find that above a certain input intensity a dynamics reminiscent of a competitive, multi-wave mixing process takes hold: the pump field is mostly reflected, revealing a, novel type of optical limiting behavior, while forward and backward generation is generally balanced. We also study the case of parametric down-conversion, where an intense second harmonic signal is injected in order to control a much weaker fundamental beam. Our results reveal the onset of a new process that has no counterpart in bulk materials: both transmission and reflection display an unexpected, unusual, resonance-like effect as functions of input second harmonic power. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP D'Aguanno, G (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. OI D'Aguanno, Giuseppe/0000-0002-7132-0103; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD MAR PY 2003 VL 103 IS 2-3 BP 249 EP 262 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 661DH UT WOS:000181875600016 ER PT J AU Smith, PA Sheely, MV Hakspiel, SJ Miller, S AF Smith, PA Sheely, MV Hakspiel, SJ Miller, S TI Volatile organic compounds produced during irradiation of mail SO AIHA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE anthrax; bioterrorism; gas chromatography; irradiation; mass spectrometry; solid phase microextraction ID CELLULOSE; PYROLYSIS AB In 2001, Bacillus anthracis spores were delivered through the United States postal system in a series of bioterrorist acts. Controls proposed for this threat included sanitization with high-energy electrons. Solid phase microextraction was used with gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry for field sampling and analysis of volatile compounds apparently produced from polymeric materials such as cellulose and plastics, immediately following processing of mail at a commercial irradiation facility. Solid phase microextraction and direct sampling of air into a cryogenically cooled temperature programmable inlet were used in the laboratory for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of air in contact with irradiated mail, envelopes only (packaged identically to mail), and air inside irradiated plastic mail packaging bags (with neither mail nor envelopes). Irradiated mail or envelope systems produced hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methylpentanes, and benzene; and oxygen-containing compounds such as acetaldehyde, acrolein, propionaldehyde, furan, 2-methylfuran, methanol, acetone, 2-butanone, and ethanol. In addition to hydrocarbons, methyl and ethyl nitrate were detected in irradiated bags that contained only air, suggesting reactive nitrogen species formed from air irradiation reacted with hydroxy-containing compounds to give nitro esters. The similarities of volatile compounds in irradiated systems containing paper to those observed by researchers studying cellulose pyrolysis suggests common depolymerization and degradation mechanisms in each case. These similarities should guide additional work to examine irradiated mail for chemical compounds not detectable by methods used here. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Smith, PA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Smith, Philip/A-6835-2009 OI Smith, Philip/0000-0003-3787-9111 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 1529-8663 J9 AIHA J JI AIHA J. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 64 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1080/15428110308984808 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 666HR UT WOS:000182172200009 PM 12688843 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI Richard Beauchamp: Medieval England's greatest knight. SO ALBION LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU APPALACHIAN STATE UNIV PI BOONE PA ALBION/HISTORY DEPT 210 WHITENER HALL, BOONE, NC 28608 USA SN 0095-1390 J9 ALBION JI Albion PD SPR PY 2003 VL 35 IS 1 BP 97 EP 98 DI 10.2307/4054523 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 702GE UT WOS:000184215500009 ER PT J AU Mulvaney, S AF Mulvaney, S TI Calf muscle therapy for Achilles tendinosis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Mulvaney, S (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 BP 939 EP 939 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 654YA UT WOS:000181523500003 PM 12643353 ER PT J AU Yokota, M Matthew, W Buller, M Hoyt, R AF Yokota, M Matthew, W Buller, M Hoyt, R TI Evaluation of a thermal strain prediction model for military applications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 MA 95 BP 291 EP 291 PG 1 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 649GQ UT WOS:000181199300106 ER PT J AU Boardman, J Kaplan, KJ Hollcraft, C Bui-Mansfield, LT AF Boardman, J Kaplan, KJ Hollcraft, C Bui-Mansfield, LT TI RTorsion of the epiploic appendage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Radiol, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Radiol, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 180 IS 3 BP 748 EP 748 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 648LT UT WOS:000181153400031 PM 12591688 ER PT J AU Kollars, TM Bodhidatta, D Phulsuksombati, D Tippayachai, B Coleman, RE AF Kollars, TM Bodhidatta, D Phulsuksombati, D Tippayachai, B Coleman, RE TI Short report: Variation in the 56-kD type-specific antigen gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi isolated from patients in Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; SCRUB TYPHUS; NORTHERN THAILAND; TROMBICULIDAE; ACARI; STRAINS AB The sequences of a 300-base pair region of the 56-kD type-specific antigen gene from 12 Orientia tsutsugamushi isolates from Thailand were compared with isolates from other regions in Asia. A high degree of heterogeneity was found among the 12 Thai isolates, with the C3 strain most commonly found. The abundance of the C3 strain of O. tsutsugamushi is of particular concern because doxycycline and chloramphenicol resistance have previously been reported in this strain. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Div Res, Dept Biochem, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Div Res, Dept Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kollars, TM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3 BP 299 EP 300 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 657QL UT WOS:000181677800010 PM 12685633 ER PT J AU Bu, XR Vanderveer, D Santos, J Hsu, FL Wang, J Bota, K AF Bu, XR Vanderveer, D Santos, J Hsu, FL Wang, J Bota, K TI Crystal structure of 4,5-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazole SO ANALYTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES AB A nonlinear optical chromophore, 4,5-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazole, was investigated by Xray crystallography. The study focused on coplanarity among several aromatic rings, including phenyls and imidazole. Two phenyl rings with NMe2 groups are twisted by 46.39(3)degrees from each other. However, they are twisted by 23.05(5)degrees and 46.84(3)degrees from the imidazole, respectively. These unequal twists were elucidated by different conjugation pathways from the donors to the acceptor. The phenyl ring with the NO2 group is twisted by only 6.76(6)degrees from the imidazole. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, NASA, Ctr High Performance Polymers & Composites, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bu, XR (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY PI TOKYO PA 26-2 NISHIGOTANDA 1 CHOME SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0910-6340 J9 ANAL SCI JI Anal. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 469 EP 470 DI 10.2116/analsci.19.469 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 655MZ UT WOS:000181557800028 PM 12675363 ER PT J AU de Jong, RH AF de Jong, RH TI Nerve gas terrorism: A grim challenge to anesthesiologists SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; SUBWAY SARIN ATTACK; TOKYO SUBWAY; MASS DESTRUCTION; MATSUMOTO; VICTIMS; WEAPONS; EVENTS; JAPAN; VAPOR C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Dept Anesthesiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP de Jong, RH (reprint author), 261 Branch Hill Lane, Columbia, SC 29223 USA. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 96 IS 3 BP 819 EP 825 DI 10.1213/01.ANE.0000047266.99626.3A PG 7 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 648VY UT WOS:000181172600033 PM 12598268 ER PT J AU Cohen, DJ Griffin, LV AF Cohen, DJ Griffin, LV TI Which is the best sternotomy closure technique? Reply SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cohen, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, MCHE SDC,3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1066 EP 1066 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03870-5 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 653NJ UT WOS:000181431100079 ER PT J AU Barrientos, LG O'Keefe, BR Bray, M Anthony, S Gronenborn, AM Boyd, MR AF Barrientos, LG O'Keefe, BR Bray, M Anthony, S Gronenborn, AM Boyd, MR TI Cyanovirin-N binds to the viral surface glycoprotein, GP(1,2) and inhibits infectivity of Ebola virus SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cyanovirin-N; virucidal agent; HIV; Ebola filovirus; enveloped viruses ID HIV-INACTIVATING PROTEIN; VIRION GLYCOPROTEINS; ENVELOPED VIRUSES; GP120; IMMUNIZATION; THERAPY; VACCINE; FUSION; MICE; CD4 AB Ebola virus (Ebo) causes severe hemorrhagic fever and high mortality in humans. There are currently no effective therapies. Here, we have explored potential anti-Ebo activity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-inactivating protein cyanovirin-N (CV-N). CV-N is known to potently inhibit the infectivity of a broad spectrum of HIV strains at the level of viral entry. This involves CV-N binding to N-linked high-mannose oligossacharides on the viral glycoprotein gp120. The Ebola envelope contains somewhat similar oligosaccharide constituents, suggesting possible susceptibility to inhibition by CV-N. Our initial results revealed that CV-N had both in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity against the Zaire strain of the Ebola virus (Ebo-Z). Addition of CV-N to the cell culture medium at the time of Ebo-Z infection inhibited the development of viral cytopathic effects (CPEs). CV-N also delayed the death of Ebo-Z-infected mice, both when given as a series of daily subcutaneous injections and when the virus was incubated ex vivo together with CV-N before inoculation into the mice. Furthermore, similar to earlier results with HIV gp120, CV-N bound with considerable affinity to the Ebola surface envelope glycoprotein, GP(1,2). Competition experiments with free oligosaccharides were consistent with the view that carbohydrate-mediated CV-N/GP(1,2) interactions involve oligosaccharides residing on the Ebola viral envelope. Overall, these studies broaden the range of viruses known to be inhibited by CV-N, and further implicate carbohydrate moieties on viral surface proteins as common viral molecular targets for this novel protein. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, USA Canc Res Inst, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NIDDK, Phys Chem Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NCI, Mol Targets Drug Discovery Program, Ctr Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. CDCP, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Boyd, MR (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, USA Canc Res Inst, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NR 32 TC 82 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 58 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 AR PII S0166-3542(02)00183-3 DI 10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00183-3 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 676LG UT WOS:000182753100005 PM 12719006 ER PT J AU Iwasaki, A Akozbek, N Ferland, B Luo, Q Roy, G Bowden, CM Chin, SL AF Iwasaki, A Akozbek, N Ferland, B Luo, Q Roy, G Bowden, CM Chin, SL TI A LIDAR technique to measure the filament length generated by a high-peak power femtosecond laser pulse in air SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; CONICAL EMISSION; MOVING FOCUS; PROPAGATION; IONIZATION; INTENSITY; GASES; N-2; O-2 AB We demonstrate a new method for measuring the length of a femtosecond laser pulse induced filament in air using a LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) technique. The LIDAR involves a detector with a fast response time. The back-scattered multiphoton induced fluorescence from nitrogen molecules excited inside the filament is measured, from which the length of the filament can be determined. We find good agreement between the measured filament length and the length estimated from burn patterns on paper. In addition, good qualitative agreement between the experimental measurement and numerical simulations is obtained for the signal features of the filament. We propose that this new method can be used to quantitatively determine filamentation at longer distances. C1 Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Univ Laval, Dept Phys Genie Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMRDEC, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Def Res & Dev Ctr Valcartier, Sensor Performance Predict Grp, Val Belair, PQ, Canada. RP Iwasaki, A (reprint author), Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. EM aiwasaki@phy.ulaval.ca NR 27 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 76 IS 3 BP 231 EP 236 DI 10.1007/s00340-002-1077-3 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 676NH UT WOS:000182758000004 ER PT J AU Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Frazier, R Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Frazier, R Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Vertical and lateral mobilities in n-(Ga, Mn)N SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; N-TYPE GAN; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; DOPED GAN; FERROMAGNETISM; FILMS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT; NITRIDES AB Lateral electron mobilities in 0.2-mum-thick n-(Ga, Mn)N films were obtained from Hall measurements, producing values of 116similar to102 cm(2)/V s in the temperature range from 298 to 373 K. These values are comparable to, but slightly lower than, electron mobilities in n-GaN of the same electron concentration. By sharp contrast, analysis of the reverse saturation current in mesa Schottky diodes fabricated in the n-(Ga, Mn)N show vertical electron mobilities of 840similar to336 cm(2)/V s in the temperature range from 298 to 373 K. This is consistent with a reduction in electron scattering by charged dislocations for vertical transport geometries [M. Misra, A. V. Sampath, and T. D. Moustakas, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1045 (2000)]. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 82 IS 10 BP 1565 EP 1567 DI 10.1063/1.1559442 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 652AW UT WOS:000181358200024 ER PT J AU Lee, AJ Norton, SA AF Lee, AJ Norton, SA TI The scars of smallpox SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In The Principles and Practice of Medicine, William Osler(1) wrote that the patient with smallpox "presents a terrible picture, unequalled in any other disease; one which fully justifies the horror and fright with which small-pox is associated in the public mind." This terrifying image is supported by the World Health Organization's estimate that 10% of all human deaths have been caused by smallpox.(2) Accordingly, the eradication of this disease is hailed as one of the great victories of modern medicine. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 139 IS 3 BP 279 EP 280 DI 10.1001/archderm.139.3.279 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 655PJ UT WOS:000181561100003 PM 12622617 ER PT J AU Lindberg, K Matthews, M AF Lindberg, K Matthews, M TI 'The Eagle of the 11th Kansas': Wartime reminiscences of Colonel Thomas Moonlight SO ARKANSAS HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 Mine Creek Battlefield State Historic Site, Pleasanton, KS USA. US Army Battle Command Training Program, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Lindberg, K (reprint author), Mine Creek Battlefield State Historic Site, Pleasanton, KS USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARKANSAS HISTORICAL ASSOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA UNIV ARKANSAS, DEPT OF HISTORY, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0004-1823 J9 ARKANSAS HIST QUART JI Ark. Hist. Q. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 41 PG 41 WC History SC History GA 672MF UT WOS:000182523900001 ER PT J AU Rosen, LN Knudson, KH Fancher, P AF Rosen, LN Knudson, KH Fancher, P TI Cohesion and the culture of hypermasculinity in US army units SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL HARASSMENT; SUPPORT UNITS; READINESS; STRESS AB The goals of this study were to explore some of the ways gender affects cohesion and readiness in the small military unit, and to examine its impact on variables that may be related to unit cohesion, such as a culture of hypermasculinity. Using data from a 1998 survey of U.S. Army soldiers, the study found that men in male-only units manifested more group hypermasculinity than those in mixed gender units, and that group hypermasculinity was associated with higher levels of cohesion in male-only units, but not in mixed gender units. In addition, in male-only units, group hypermasculinity was, paradoxically, associated with a positive environment for spouses. On the other hand, in mixed gender units, group hypermasculinity was associated with a negative environment for spouses and a negative environment for women as coworkers. Across all groups, lower levels of group hypermasculinity and support for spouses were associated with a greater percentage of blacks in the group. C1 Natl Inst Justice, US Dept Justice, Washington, DC 20531 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Soldier & Family Studies, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rosen, LN (reprint author), Natl Inst Justice, US Dept Justice, 810 7th St NW, Washington, DC 20531 USA. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 3 BP 325 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900302 PG 28 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 688PN UT WOS:000183444600001 ER PT J AU Elliott, HW AF Elliott, HW TI Judge advocates in combat. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 3 BP 473 EP 475 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900312 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 688PN UT WOS:000183444600011 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Doerr, DF Ludwig, DA Muniz, GW Benedetti, E Chavarria, J Koreen, S Nguyen, C Wang, J AF Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Doerr, DF Ludwig, DA Muniz, GW Benedetti, E Chavarria, J Koreen, S Nguyen, C Wang, J TI Effects of repeated Valsalva Maneuver straining on cardiac and vasoconstrictive baroreflex responses SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Valsalva maneuver; heart rate; vasoconstriction; baroreceptors ID ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; VAGAL BAROREFLEX; BARORECEPTOR REFLEX; PULSATILE PRESSURE; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; LBNP TOLERANCE; ACUTE EXERCISE; 24 H; DOGS AB Introduction: We hypothesized that repeated respiratory straining maneuvers (repeated SM) designed to elevate arterial BPs (arterial baroreceptor loading) would acutely increase baroreflex responses. Methods: We tested this hypothesis by measuring cardiac baroreflex responses to carotid baroreceptor stimulation (neck pressures), and changes in heart rate and diastolic BP after reductions in BP induced by a 15-s Valsalva maneuver in 10 female and 10 male subjects at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after performing repeated SM. Baroreflex responses were also measured in each subject at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h at the same time on a separate day without repeated SM (control) in a randomized, counterbalanced cross-over experimental design. Results: There was no statistical difference in carotid-cardiac and peripheral vascular baroreflex responses measured across time following repeated SM compared with the control condition. Integrated cardiac baroreflex response (DeltaHR/DeltaSBP) measured during performance of a Valsalva maneuver was increased,by approximately 50% to 1.1 +/- 0.2 bpm.mm Hg-1 at 1 h and 1.0 +/- 0.1 bpm.mm Hg-1 at 3 h following repeated SM compared with the control condition (0.7 +/- 0.1 bpm.mm Hg-1 at both 1 and 3 h, respectively). However, integrated cardiac baroreflex response after repeated SM returned to control levels at 6 and 24 h after training. These responses did not differ between men and women. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with the notion that arterial baroreceptor loading induced by repeated SM increased aortic, but not carotid, cardiac baroreflex responses for as long as 3 h after repeated SM. We conclude that repeated SM increases cardiac baroreflex responsiveness which may provide patients, astronauts, and high-performance aircraft pilots with protection from development of orthostatic hypotension. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 BP 212 EP 219 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 652KF UT WOS:000181377800003 PM 12650267 ER PT J AU Kolka, MA Latzka, WA Montain, SJ Corr, WP O'Brien, KK Sawka, MN AF Kolka, MA Latzka, WA Montain, SJ Corr, WP O'Brien, KK Sawka, MN TI Effectiveness of revised fluid replacement guidelines for military training in hot weather SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE fluid replacement; hydration; hyponatremia; hot weather AB Background: This study compared the revised U.S. Army fluid replacement guidelines (REV) with the old guidelines (OLD) on daily changes in serum sodium concentration (Na+) and body mass (BM) during Basic Combat Training at Fort Benning, GA during two successive summers. Methods: Recruits (n = 556; OLD = 277, REV = 273) were evaluated before and after 8-12 h of outdoor military combat training in hot weather. The WBGT (mean +/- SD) averaged 26.6 +/- 1.7degreesC for OLD and 27.4 +/- 0.9degreesC for REV (NS). Results: Serum Na+ decreased from 137.5 +/- 1.6 mEq.L-1 to 137.0 +/- 2.1 mEq.L-1 after outdoor military training in OLD (p < 0.05). Twenty-two recruits (8%) had serum sodium fall to below 135 mEq.L-1 during OLD. Serum Na+ increased from 139.0 &PLUSMN; 1.7 mEq.L-1 to 139.4 &PLUSMN; 2.1 mEq.L-1 after outdoor military training in REV (p < 0.05). Only two recruits (1%) had serum Na+ fall to below 135 mEq.L-1 during REV. BM increased an average of 1.3 +/- 1.4 kg (p < 0.05) in OLD and an average of 0.4 &PLUSMN; 1.7 kg in REV (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The revised guidelines effectively reversed the decrease in serum sodium, reduced the increase in body mass, maintained hydration and minimized overdrinking during hot weather military training compared with the old fluid replacement guidelines. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Martin Army Community Hosp, Ft Benning, GA USA. RP Kolka, MA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 BP 242 EP 246 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 652KF UT WOS:000181377800007 PM 12650271 ER PT J AU Viniegra-Gonzalez, G Favela-Torres, E Aguilar, CN Romero-Gomez, SD Diaz-Godinez, G Augur, C AF Viniegra-Gonzalez, G Favela-Torres, E Aguilar, CN Romero-Gomez, SD Diaz-Godinez, G Augur, C TI Advantages of fungal enzyme production in solid state over liquid fermentation systems SO BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solid state fermentation; filamentous fungi; submerged culture; enzyme production; proteolysis ID ASPERGILLUS-NIGER AB The present paper attempts to explain why enzyme production in solid-state fermentation (SSF) is higher than in submerged fermentation (SmF). Recent work done in our laboratory [Biotechnol. Lett. 22 (2000) 1255; J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 26 (5) (2001) 271; J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 26 (5) (2001) 296] related to the production of invertase, pectinases and tarmases, by Aspergillus niger grown by SSF and SmF is reviewed. To do such a comparative study, logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations are used in order to estimate the values of the following coefficients: maximal specific growth rate (mum), maximal biomass level (X-M), enzyme/biomass yield (Y-P/X) and secondary rate of production, or breakdown (k). It is shown that enzyme productivity is proportional to group, mu(M) Y-P/X X-M, corrected by a function of v = k/Y-P/X mu(M). In all three cases of enzyme production studied, productivity using a SSF system was higher than in SmF Studies with invertase resulted in higher values of mu(M)X(M). Studies with pectinases resulted in higher values of YP/XXM. Studies with tannases resulted in higher Y-P/X and less negative values of k. Finally, a reaction-diffusion model is presented to try to explain such differences based on micrographic measurements of mycelial aggregates for each kind of fermentation system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Biotechnol, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. Univ Autonoma Coahuila, Food Res Dept, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Univ Autonoma Tlaxcala, Area Biotecnol, Ctr Invest Ciencias Biol, Ixtacuixtla Tlaxcala, DF, Mexico. USA, IRD, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Viniegra-Gonzalez, G (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Biotechnol, Av Michoacan & Purisima, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. RI Favela-Torres, Ernesto/B-7212-2017; OI Favela-Torres, Ernesto/0000-0003-3113-1479; Aguilar, Cristobal N./0000-0001-5867-8672 NR 15 TC 166 Z9 176 U1 6 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1369-703X J9 BIOCHEM ENG J JI Biochem. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 13 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 157 EP 167 AR PII S1369-703X(02)00128-6 DI 10.1016/S1369-703X(02)00128-6 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 644YY UT WOS:000180950500009 ER PT J AU Bucher, G AF Bucher, G TI Writing the Siege of Leningrad: Women's diaries, memoirs and documentary SO BIOGRAPHY-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bucher, G (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0162-4962 J9 BIOGRAPHY JI Biography-Interdiscip. Q. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 26 IS 2 BP 331 EP 333 DI 10.1353/bio.2003.0040 PG 3 WC Literature SC Literature GA 699XP UT WOS:000184082500013 ER PT J AU Lindsey, CY Smith, LA West, MW Boles, JW Brown, JE AF Lindsey, CY Smith, LA West, MW Boles, JW Brown, JE TI Evaluation of a botulinum fragment C-based ELISA for measuring the humoral immune response in primates SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; botulinum; recombinant vaccine; assay validation ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; RECOMBINANT VACCINE CANDIDATE; YEAST PICHIA-PASTORIS; MOUSE BIOASSAY; SEROTYPE-A; NEUTRALIZATION TEST; ANTIBODY-LEVELS; NEUROTOXIN; TOXIN; PURIFICATION AB An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using botulinum neurotoxin serotype B recombinant fragment C (rBoNTB(H-c)) was developed to measure specific humoral immune responses of monkeys vaccinated with a vaccine consisting of rBoNTB(H-c). Several fundamental parameters for a bioassay were evaluated. The evaluation results demonstrated that using BoNTB(H-c) as the capture antigen led to a specific and sensitive ELISA for botulinum type B antibody with excellent precision, accuracy, and linearity. There was a good correlation (r=0.91) between ELISA titers and neutralization bioassay titers. Experimental results suggested that the ELISA could be useful for detecting botulinum type B antibody levels and may supplement mouse neutralization bioassays during planned clinical manufacturing and clinical trials of rBoNTB(H-c) vaccine. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Off Prod Dev & Regulatory Affairs, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lindsey, CY (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Off Prod Dev & Regulatory Affairs, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM changhong.lindsey@amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD MAR PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S1045-1056(02)00074-X PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 655KE UT WOS:000181550200003 PM 12623056 ER PT J AU Haverkos, HW Soon, GX Steckley, SL Pickworth, W AF Haverkos, HW Soon, GX Steckley, SL Pickworth, W TI Cigarette smoking and cervical cancer: Part I: a meta-analysis SO BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review DE cigarette smoking; cervical cancer; meta-analysis ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE USE; SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-2; HIGH-GRADE DYSPLASIA; RISK-FACTORS; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; UTERINE CERVIX; CARCINOMA INSITU; UNITED-STATES AB Cancer of the cervix is the third most common cancer among women worldwide and its etiology is not clearly understood. Human papillomavirus can be found in approximately 95% of cervical cancers, but it does not appear to be necessary or sufficient to. induce malignancy. In 1977, Winkelstein suggested that cigarette smoking was a causative factor in the development of cervical cancer. We report a meta-analysis of cigarette smoking and cervical disease and conclude that the data support a role for cigarette smoking as a risk factor for cervical cancer. We propose a multifactorial hypothesis involving a virus-tar interaction as the etiology of cervical cancer. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Div Antiviral Drug Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NIDA, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Haverkos, HW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 107 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 7 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0753-3322 J9 BIOMED PHARMACOTHER JI Biomed. Pharmacother. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 57 IS 2 BP 67 EP 77 DI 10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00341-4 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 677BX UT WOS:000182788000001 PM 12854514 ER PT J AU Steckley, SL Pickworth, WB Haverkos, HW AF Steckley, SL Pickworth, WB Haverkos, HW TI Cigarette smoking and cervicalciancer: Part II: a geographic variability study SO BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review DE cervical cancer; smoking; multifactorial ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CANCER AB Cigarette smoking is considered a causative factor in a variety of cancers. However, the role of smoking in cervical cancer is disputed, in part because women who smoke may have other risk factors for cervical cancer, particularly HPV infection. We reviewed cigarette smoking prevalence, cervical and lung cancer incidence, and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the US and 73 other countries. It appears that smoking may play a prominent role in cervical cancer in developing countries, but less of a role in other countries. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 NIDA, Addict Res Ctr, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Pickworth, WB (reprint author), NIDA, Addict Res Ctr, Intramural Res Program, NIH, 5500 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0753-3322 J9 BIOMED PHARMACOTHER JI Biomed. Pharmacother. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 57 IS 2 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00342-6 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 677BX UT WOS:000182788000002 PM 12842492 ER PT J AU Bolan, CD Carter, CS Wesley, RA Yau, YY Barrett, AJ Childs, RW Read, EJ Leitman, SF AF Bolan, CD Carter, CS Wesley, RA Yau, YY Barrett, AJ Childs, RW Read, EJ Leitman, SF TI Prospective evaluation of cell kinetics, yields and donor experiences during a single large-volume apheresis versus two smaller volume consecutive day collections of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allogeneic; large-volume leukapheresis; peripheral blood stem cells ID PROGENITOR CELLS; G-CSF; LEUKAPHERESIS PROCEDURES; CROSSOVER TRIAL; CD34+ CELLS; WHITE CELL; MOBILIZATION; TRANSPLANTATION; FILGRASTIM; SAFETY AB We report cell kinetics, yields and donation experiences of 20 demographically matched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donors who were prospectively assigned to undergo either a single 25 l or two consecutive daily 15 l (15 l x 2) apheresis procedures. Procedures were performed using prophylactic intravenous calcium administration after standard granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) mobilization (10 mug/kg/d). Central line placements (two each), initial CD34 cell counts (0.077 vs 0.078 x 10(9) /l) and yields (7.9 vs 8.1 x 10(8) CD34 cells) were similar in the two groups; however, 25 l donors spent significantly less time both in the clinic (7.5 vs 10.8 h) and with central venous catheters in place (8.5 vs 29.5 h) than 15 l x 2 donors. End-procedure platelet counts were below 100 x 10(9)/l in one out of 10 25 l donors versus five out of 10 in 15 l x 2 donors (41%vs 53% mean decrease in platelet counts, P = 0.02). PBSC collection efficiency increased by 37% after 15 l of the 25-l volume had been processed, compared with no significant change during 15 l x 2 procedures. Results similar to these prospective findings were also observed in CD34 yields, symptoms and platelet counts in additional 25 l and 15 l procedures performed during the same period and evaluated retrospectively. This study indicates that a single 25-l apheresis procedure results in similar yields and symptoms, but less donor thrombocytopenia and inconvenience than two consecutive daily 15-l procedures. C1 NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NHLBI, Biostat Serv, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bolan, CD (reprint author), NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bldg 10,Room 1C711,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1184, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 120 IS 5 BP 801 EP 807 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04157.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 651PX UT WOS:000181330200012 PM 12614213 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Nathan, S AF Shorr, AF Nathan, S TI Orthotopic lung transplant for sarcoidosis SO CHEST LA English DT Letter C1 Inova Fairfax Hosp, Fairfax, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), 9005 Cherbourg Dr, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 2003 VL 123 IS 3 BP 963 EP 963 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 655DR UT WOS:000181536500060 ER PT J AU Rafuse, ES AF Rafuse, ES TI McClellan and Halleck at war: The struggle for control of the Union war effort in the West, November 1861-March 1862 SO CIVIL WAR HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rafuse, ES (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KENT STATE UNIV PRESS PI KENT PA C/O JOURNALS DEPT, KENT, OH 44242 USA SN 0009-8078 J9 CIVIL WAR HIST JI Civil War Hist. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 49 IS 1 BP 32 EP 51 DI 10.1353/cwh.2003.0022 PG 20 WC History SC History GA 654QX UT WOS:000181508500002 ER PT J AU Hale, BR Owusu-Agyei, S Fryauff, DJ Koram, KA Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Prescott, WR Baird, JK Nkrumah, F Ritchie, TL Franke, ED Binka, FN Horton, J Hoffman, SL AF Hale, BR Owusu-Agyei, S Fryauff, DJ Koram, KA Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Prescott, WR Baird, JK Nkrumah, F Ritchie, TL Franke, ED Binka, FN Horton, J Hoffman, SL TI A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial of tafenoquine for weekly prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CHALLENGE MODEL; VIVAX MALARIA; PRIMAQUINE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIMALARIAL; EFFICACY; CHLOROQUINE; PROGUANIL; INFECTION; WR-238605; SAFETY AB Tafenoquine is a promising new 8-aminoquinoline drug that may be useful for malaria prophylaxis in nonpregnant persons with normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) function. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled chemoprophylaxis trial was conducted with adult residents of northern Ghana to determine the minimum effective weekly dose of tafenoquine for the prevention of infection by Plasmodium falciparum. The primary end point was a positive malaria blood smear result during the 13 weeks of study drug coverage. Relative to the placebo, all 4 tafenoquine dosages demonstrated significant protection against P. falciparum infection: for 25 mg/week, protective efficacy was 32% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20%-43%); for 50 mg/week, 84% (95% CI, 75%-91%); for 100 mg/week, 87% (95% CI, 78%-93%); and for 200 mg/week, 86% (95% CI, 76%-92%). The mefloquine dosage of 250 mg/week also demonstrated significant protection against P. falciparum infection (protective efficacy, 86%; 95% CI, 72%-93%). There was little difference between study groups in the adverse events reported, and there was no evidence of a relationship between tafenoquine dosage and reports of physical complaints or the occurrence of abnormal laboratory parameters. Tafenoquine dosages of 50, 100, and 200 mg/week were safe, well tolerated, and effective against P. falciparum infection in this study population. C1 Naval Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. USA, Med Mat Dev Activ, Ft Detrick, MD USA. WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, Essex, England. RP Fryauff, DJ (reprint author), Naval Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Villasante, Eileen/G-3602-2011 NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 5 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.1086/367542 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 647CE UT WOS:000181073600001 PM 12594633 ER PT J AU Stojanovic, MP Zhou, Y Hord, D Vallejo, R Cohen, SP AF Stojanovic, MP Zhou, Y Hord, D Vallejo, R Cohen, SP TI Single needle approach for multiple medial branch blocks: A new technique SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE diagnostic block; facet joint; lumbar zygapophyseal joint; medial branch ID ZYGAPOPHYSIAL JOINT PAIN; LOW-BACK-PAIN; INJECTION AB Background and Objectives: Medial branch blocks are an important tool for the diagnosis of facet joint arthropathy. The most commonly used technique involves multiple needle placements, one for each nerve blocked. This multiple needle technique may require a large amount of local anesthetic for anesthetizing the skin, thereby increasing the rate of false-positive blocks. Technique: Diagnostic lumbar medial branch blocks are usually performed using multiple needles, one for each branch. The authors describe a different technique using a single needle for all levels. Initially, the needle is directed toward the medial branch located at the level of the affected facet joint in the antero-posterior view. After anesthetizing this nerve with local anesthetic, the same needle is withdrawn to the skin with the tip still in the subcutaneous tissue and repositioned to block the medial branch above, and thereafter below, while continuing to use only the antero-posterior view, thereby using only one entry site. Conclusions: When performed correctly, the single needle technique provides accuracy similar to the more conventional multiple needle approach during the performance of diagnostic facet joint nerve blocks. Because only one skin entry point is needed, however, this technique may afford several advantages over the multiple needle approach. These may include less patient discomfort, less time required and less radiation exposure since only one C-arm position is used, a smaller volume of local anesthetic, and possibly a lower incidence of false-positive blocks. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, MGH Pain Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Intervent Pain Program, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hord, D (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, MGH Pain Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, WACC-324,15 Parkman St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-8047 J9 CLIN J PAIN JI Clin. J. Pain PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1097/00002508-200303000-00009 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 653JD UT WOS:000181430700009 PM 12616184 ER PT J AU Briggs, MJ Borgman, LE Bratteland, E AF Briggs, MJ Borgman, LE Bratteland, E TI Probability assessment for deep-draft navigation channel design SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ship accidents; ship groundings; accident probability; navigation safety; approach channel design; underkeel clearance; channel-width design; coastal engineering; harbor modeling; physical models AB This paper describes a method for assessing the probability of a ship accident in an entrance channel for different recurrence intervals using model data. This new method includes a rational criteria for evaluating various channel configurations and depths for a range of realistic environmental (i.e., wind, wave, and current) conditions and annual-number of ship calls. This four-component climatology-interactive model includes a Poisson probability law for number of ship arrivals, a Bernoulli probability law for grounding in a single random ship arrival, an estimation of the probability parameter in the Bernoulli law from model tests, and a determination of recurrence intervals or return periods. A remote-controlled model of a C9 containership was used to evaluate the navigability of existing and proposed harbor and entrance-channel configurations for a range of environmental conditions in a three-dimensional physical model of Barbers Point Harbor, Oahu, HI. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. LE Borgman Inc, Laramie, WY USA. Norwegian Univ, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Transport Engn, Trondheim, Norway. RP Briggs, MJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd CEERD-HC-PH, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 48 IS 1 BP 29 EP 50 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(02)00159-X PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 648JR UT WOS:000181148300002 ER PT J AU Buonaiuto, FS Kraus, NC AF Buonaiuto, FS Kraus, NC TI Limiting slopes and depths at ebb-tidal shoals SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE channels; coastal inlets; ebb-tidal shoals; lidar; limiting depth; slopes AB Dense bathymetry surveys obtained by LIDAR at 13 small to medium coastal inlets of the continental United States were analyzed to quantify limiting (maximum) bottom slopes of ebb shoals and entrance channels. The LIDAR data were supplemented with conventional bathyrnetry measurements from five large inlets to obtain predictive relationships for the limiting (minimum) depth over crest of the ebb shoal. The sites, all located on sandy coasts, were chosen to cover a range in tidal amplitude, tidal prism, and average annual wave height. Wave-dominated inlets exhibited steeper slopes on their seaward margins than tide-dominated inlets. Slopes on ebb shoals typically do not exceed 4-6degrees, with seaward slopes being 1-2degrees steeper than landward slopes. Dredged entrance channels have steeper slopes than natural channels, with maximum slopes immediately after dredging reaching 6-8degrees. At one inlet having a series of LIDAR surveys, entrance channel maintenance dredging created 3-5degrees side slopes that decreased 0.5-1/year for the next 2 years to achieve a typical slope of 3degrees along much of the channel. Greatest bottom slopes are found in scour holes near jetties (10-12degrees) and at the entrance bars (8-10degrees) of (tideless) Great Lakes harbors. Limiting depth over crest of the ebb shoals is predicted well by the parameter (HsP)(1/4), where H-S is the average annual significant wave height, and P is the spring tidal prism. High correlation was also found between limiting depth and prism, and with limiting depth and wave height. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Kraus, NC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 48 IS 1 BP 51 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(02)00160-6 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 648JR UT WOS:000181148300003 ER PT J AU Vos, JA Simurdak, JH Davis, BJ Myers, JB Brissette, MD AF Vos, JA Simurdak, JH Davis, BJ Myers, JB Brissette, MD TI Vortex disaggregation for flow cytometry allows direct histologic correlation: A novel approach for small biopsies and inaspirable bone marrows SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Meeting of the European-Association-of-Haematopathology CY MAY 26-30, 2002 CL SIENA, ITALY SP European Assoc Haematopathol DE disaggregation; cell suspension; tissue preservation; inaspirable bone marrow; flow cytometry ID FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCY; TISSUE DISAGGREGATION; CELLS; DNA; DISSOCIATION; DIAGNOSIS; LYMPHOMAS; SPECIMENS; TUMORS AB Background: Many approaches to obtaining single cells from tissue for flow cytometric immunophenotyping are used; however, these methods result in tissue that is too disrupted for subsequent histologic examination. We introduce a new technique for cell dissociation of hematopoietic malignancies that preserves tissue for histology. This is especially important with small specimens for which this type of correlation is critical. Methods: Fresh tissue from lymph node, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, skin, and other soft tissue biopsies, in addition to cores of inaspirable bone marrows, were briefly vortexed until the RPMI cell culture medium became cloudy. Larger specimens such as lymph nodes were sectioned before disaggregating, whereas smaller ones were vortexed in toto. Resultant flow cytometric analyses were compared with the histology and, in some cases, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine whether the data were concordant. Cell suspensions of 104 specimens- composed of 48 lymph nodes, 19 bone marrow cores (BMCs), 11 GI biopsies, 11 skin/soft tissue biopsies, and 15 miscellaneous specimens-were prepared via vortex disaggregation. Results: Flow cytometric analysis of 96 specimens (92.3%) showed adequacy of material and diagnostic correlation with the histology and IHC. Of the eight cases (7.7%) that were discordant, seven were attributable to significant specimen fibrosis or necrosis. With respect to tissue type, this method produced diagnostic cell suspensions for most lymph nodes (95.8%), GI biopsies (90.9%), and BMCs (89.5%); however, it was less useful for skin/soft tissue samples (81.8%). Conclusions: Disaggregation of tissue for flow cytometric analysis by vortexing appears to provide adequate and representative cellular material. This technique is ideal for inaspirable bone marrows and small biopsies where tissue preservation for histology is paramount. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Vos, JA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Attn MCHE-PL,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 52B IS 1 BP 20 EP 31 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.10002 PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 670TY UT WOS:000182426300003 PM 12599178 ER PT J AU Wolter, SD Yushin, GN Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Wolter, SD Yushin, GN Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Processing routes for direct bonding of silicon to epitaxially textured diamond SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Sililcon Carbide (Diamond 2002) CY SEP 03-08, 2002 CL GRANADA, SPAIN SP AIXTRON AG, Elsevier, Inst Elect Engineers, iplas Innovat Plasma Syst GmbH, Jobin Yvon SA, Renishaw plc, Seki Techotron DE wafer bonding; silicon-on-diamond; silicon-on-insulator ID FILMS; TECHNOLOGY; NUCLEATION; GROWTH AB Direct bonding of (10 0) silicon to epitaxially textured diamond is reported. Fusion of the silicon wafers to the diamond specimens was conducted at high temperature, under an applied stress of 32 MPa in a dedicated ultra-high vacuum bonding apparatus. The highly oriented films were characterized by a RMS surface roughness of similar to 150.0 mn (via atomic force microscopy) and discrete crystallites that had formed on the otherwise smooth, (10 0)-sheet textured surfaces. Consequently, only partial bonding was observed from 950 to 1150 degreesC; attempts at silicon-to-diamond fusion at lower temperatures were unsuccessful. The diamond films were also mechanically polished to a RMS surface roughness of -5.0 nm. Successful bonding of silicon to these films was observed at fusion temperatures greater than or equal to 850 degreesC using the same processing conditions implemented in the unpolished diamond work. Scanning acoustic microscopy revealed a more uniform interface in these silicon-on-diamond specimens. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wolter, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 215 Res Bldg 1,Box 7919, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Yushin, Gleb/B-4529-2013 OI Yushin, Gleb/0000-0002-3274-9265 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAR-JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 3-7 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(02)00392-8 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 678MX UT WOS:000182872000006 ER PT J AU Stellman, JM Stellman, SD Weber, T Tomasallo, C Stellman, AB Christian, R AF Stellman, JM Stellman, SD Weber, T Tomasallo, C Stellman, AB Christian, R TI A geographic information system for characterizing exposure to agent orange and other herbicides in Vietnam SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE Agent Orange; cacodylic acid; defoliants; 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; exposure opportunity; geographic information system; GIS; herbicides; Military; picloram; 2,4,5-trichlorophengxy acetic acid; Vietnam ID AMERICAN LEGIONNAIRES; COMBAT AB Between 1961 and 1971, U.S. military forces dispersed more than 19 million gallons of phenoxy and other herbicidal agents in the Republic of Vietnam, including more than 12 million gallons of dioxin-contaminated Agent Orange, yet only comparatively limited epidemiologic and environmental research has been carried out on the distribution and health effects of this contamination. As part of a response to a National Academy of Sciences' request for development of exposure methodologies for carrying out epidemiologic research, a conceptual framework for estimating exposure opportunity to herbicides and a geographic information system (GIS) have been developed. The GIS is based on a relational database system that integrates extensive data resources on dispersal of herbicides (e.g., HERBS records of Ranch Hand aircraft flight paths, gallonage, and chemical agent), locations of military units and bases, dynamic movement of combat troops in Vietnam, and locations of civilian population centers. The GIS can provide a variety of proximity counts for exposure to 9,141 herbicide application missions. In addition, the GIS can be used to generate a quantitative exposure opportunity index that accounts for quantity of herbicide sprayed, distance, and environmental decay of a toxic factor such as dioxin, and is flexible enough to permit substitution of other mathematical exposure models by the user. The GIS thus provides a basis for estimation of herbicide exposure for use in large-scale epidemiologic studies. To facilitate widespread use of the GIS, a user-friendly software package was developed to permit researchers to assign exposure opportunity indexes to troops, locations, or individuals. C1 Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, New York, NY 10032 USA. Inst Canc Prevent, Valhalla, NY USA. Fdn Worker Vet & Environm Hlth Inc, Brooklyn, NY USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Joint Serv Environm Support Grp, Washington, DC USA. RP Stellman, SD (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 630 W 168tj St,PH-18, New York, NY 10032 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-68384, CA-17613] NR 22 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 15 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 111 IS 3 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1289/ehp.5755 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 655ZJ UT WOS:000181583200028 PM 12611661 ER PT J AU Williams, GN Molloy, JM DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC AF Williams, GN Molloy, JM DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC TI Evaluation of the sports ankle rating system in young, athletic individuals with acute lateral ankle sprains SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE outcomes assessment; quality of life; ankle injuries ID HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; SCALE; DISABILITY; QUALITY; SURGERY; TESTS AB The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Sports Ankle Rating System and provide the initial validation for its use. As its name implies, this outcomes measurement system is intended for use in assessing the functional outcomes of athletes with ankle injuries. This unique system consists of three distinct instruments: the Quality of Life Measure, the Clinical Rating Score, and the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation. We began the validation process of the Sports Ankle Rating System with subjects who had sustained lateral ankle sprains because this is the most common injury in sports. The results of this study indicate that the Sports Ankle Rating System is: 1. effective at assessing the impact that an ankle sprain has on an athlete's functional and psychosocial status, 2. responsive to changes in an athlete's ankle-related health status, and 3. valid and reliable as tested. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Delaware, Biomech & Movement Sci Program, Newark, DE USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ Connecticut, Hlth Care Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Farmington, CT USA. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 274 EP 282 PG 9 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 683EW UT WOS:000183135700014 PM 12793494 ER PT J AU Biddle, S AF Biddle, S TI Afghanistan and the future of warfare SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB The stunning success of the combination of special operations forces, precision weapons, and indigenous allies in Afghanistan has led some to laud the "Afghan model" as the future of warfare. Others dismiss it as an anomalous product of local circumstances. But neither position is wholly correct. On closer inspection, the conduct of the war was not as revolutionary as people think. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Biddle, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC PI NEW YORK PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0015-7120 J9 FOREIGN AFF JI Foreign Aff. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 82 IS 2 BP 31 EP + DI 10.2307/20033502 PG 23 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 645ZC UT WOS:000181009500004 ER PT J AU Moran, ML Greenfield, RJ Arcone, SA AF Moran, ML Greenfield, RJ Arcone, SA TI Modeling GPR radiation and reflection characteristics for a complex temperate glacier bed SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; DIMENSIONS; PATTERNS; PROFILES; RAY AB We demonstrate that ground penetrating radar (GPR) reflection data from a temperate glacier are accurately modeled using a Helmholtz-Kirchhoff diffraction integration technique that incorporates the radiation characteristics of point dipoles on a half-space interface. This is accomplished by comparing field data to simulated data. Our 40-MHz field data are from a 100 x 340 m (x- and y-dimensions, respectively) survey grid containing 51 parallel survey lines. The field data were collected with the dipole oriented perpendicular to the survey line (x-dipole). The synthetic data used isotropic, x-dipole, and y-dipole antennas, and reflections were calculated using a bed topography previously defined by 3D Kirchhoff migration. The comparisons between the real and synthetic waveforms show excellent agreement, including reflection arrival times, amplitude trends, interference patterns, and false layering from but-of-plane reflections. The location of reflectors determined from exploding reflector rays explains that bed reflections rapidly sink below background noise levels when reflections originate in the antenna's E-plane. This occurs in both the simulated data and field data. Our results are of general importance for radio-glaciology because they demonstrate that inappropriate dipole orientation with respect to the specular reflection point can lead to more than 12-dB reduction in bottom reflection strength. Furthermore, a complicated bottom topography readily generates secondary, out-of-plane reflections that are easily confused with basal till layers. C1 Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Moran, ML (reprint author), Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM mark.l.moran@erdc.usace.army.mil; roy@essc.psu.edu; steve.a.arcone@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 559 EP 565 DI 10.1190/1.1567225 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 812JP UT WOS:000220836100015 ER PT J AU Parker, LV Ranney, TA AF Parker, LV Ranney, TA TI An environmentally friendly decontamination protocol for ground water sampling devices SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article AB Several detergent-washing/air-drying decontamination protocols were tested to determine their ability to remove residual contamination from two types of ground water sampling devices. We tested a relatively simply constructed device, a bailer, and a much more complex, and theoretically more difficult to decontaminate, bladder pump. The devices were decontaminated after sampling ground water that was contaminated with organics that varied in their hydrophobic nature and propensity to be sorbed by the materials in the devices. These studies showed that a hot-detergent wash, hot-water rinse, and hot-air drying protocol was effective. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sci & Technol Corp, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Parker, LV (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2003.tb00674.x PG 8 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 682WT UT WOS:000183115900014 ER PT J AU Turner, C Killoran, C Thomas, NST Rosenberg, M Chuzhanova, NA Johnston, J Kemel, Y Cooper, DN Biesecker, LG AF Turner, C Killoran, C Thomas, NST Rosenberg, M Chuzhanova, NA Johnston, J Kemel, Y Cooper, DN Biesecker, LG TI Human genetic disease caused by de novo mitochondrial-nuclear DNA transfer SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PALLISTER-HALL SYNDROME; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT; THYROID CARCINOMAS; MUTATION-RATE; HUMAN-GENOME; RADIATION; REARRANGEMENTS; INSERTION; PERSPECTIVES AB Transfer of nucleic acid from cytoplasmic organelles to the nuclear genome is a well-established mechanism of evolutionary change in eukaryotes. Such transfers have occurred throughout evolution,. but so far, none has been shown unequivocally to occur de novo to cause a heritable human disease. We have characterized a patient with a de novo nucleic acid transfer from the mitochondrial to the nuclear genome, a transfer that is responsible for a sporadic case of Pallister-Hall syndrome, a condition usually inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. This mutation, a 72-bp insertion into exon 14 of the GLI3 gene, creates a premature stop codon and predicts a truncated protein product. Both the mechanism and the cause of the mitochondrial-nuclear transfer are unknown. Although the conception of this patient was temporally and geographically associated with, high-level radioactive contamination following the Chernobyl accident, this case cannot, on its own, be used to establish a causal relationship between radiation exposure and this rare type of mutation. Thus, for the time being, it must be considered as an intriguing coincidence. Nevertheless, these data serve to demonstrate that de novo mitochondrial-nuclear transfer of nucleic acid is a novel mechanism of human inherited disease. C1 NHGRI, Genet Dis Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Wales Coll Med, Inst Med Genet, Cardiff CF14 4XN, S Glam, Wales. Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Dept Comp Sci, Cardiff CF24 3XF, S Glam, Wales. RP Biesecker, LG (reprint author), NHGRI, Genet Dis Res Branch, NIH, 49 Convent Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM leslieb@helix.nih.gov RI Cooper, David/H-4384-2011; OI Cooper, David/0000-0002-8943-8484; Chuzhanova, Nadia/0000-0002-4655-3618 NR 33 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 112 IS 3 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1007/s00439-002-0892-2 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 659TA UT WOS:000181792500012 PM 12545275 ER PT J AU Davis, L Rolland, J Hamzalup, F Ha, YG Norfleet, J Pettitt, B Imielinska, C AF Davis, L Rolland, J Hamzalup, F Ha, YG Norfleet, J Pettitt, B Imielinska, C TI Enabling a continuum of virtual environment experiences SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Sch Opt, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Davis, L (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Sch Opt, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 3 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2 BP 10 EP 12 DI 10.1109/MCG.2003.1185574 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 651AT UT WOS:000181298400003 ER PT J AU Imam, N Glytsis, EN Gaylord, TK Choi, KK Newman, PG Detter-Hoskin, L AF Imam, N Glytsis, EN Gaylord, TK Choi, KK Newman, PG Detter-Hoskin, L TI Quantum-well infrared photodetector structure synthesis: Methodology and experimental verification SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE intersubband; mid-infrared; optimization; photodetector; quantum heterostructure; quasibound states; simulated annealing ID SIMULATED ANNEALING ALGORITHM; DARK CURRENT; MU-M; BAND; DETECTOR; HETEROSTRUCTURES; PERFORMANCE; SENSITIVITY; TRANSITION; ABSORPTION AB A numerical method for global optimization of quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) performance parameters is presented and experimentally verified. The single-band effective-mass Schroedinger equation is solved by employing the argument principle method (APM) to extract both the bound and quasibound eigen-energies of the quantum heterostructure. APM is combined with a simulated annealing algorithm to determine a set of device design parameters such as potential barrier height V-i, layer thickness d(i), number of material layers N, total device length, applied bias V-Bias etc., for which the QWIP performance is within a predetermined convergence criterion. The method presented incorporates. the effect of energy-dependent effective mass of electrons in nonparabolic conduction bands. The present model can handle many optimization parameters and can incorporate fabrication constraints to achieve physically realizable devices. In addition, the method is not limited to the optimization of absorption structures, and can be used for other instersubband devices such as electron-wave Fabry-Perot filters and quantum-cascade lasers. The strength and versatility of the present method are demonstrated by the design of a bicolor equal-absorption-peak QWIP structure, and experimental verification of the zero-bias absorption spectrum is presented. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Microelect Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Imam, N (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Glytsis, Elias/M-5066-2013 NR 36 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 39 IS 3 BP 468 EP 477 DI 10.1109/JQE.2002.808162 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 651QJ UT WOS:000181331800009 ER PT J AU Liu, JJ Kalayjian, Z Riely, B Chang, W Simonis, GJ Apsel, A Andreou, A AF Liu, JJ Kalayjian, Z Riely, B Chang, W Simonis, GJ Apsel, A Andreou, A TI Multichannel ultrathin silicon-on-sapphire optical interconnects SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE optical interconnect; oxide aperture; photodetector (PD); sapphire substrate; silicon-on-sapphire (SOS); vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) ID OPTOELECTRONIC INTERCONNECTS; ARRAYS AB Multichannel optical interconnects were developed using vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays and metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (PD) arrays and driven by complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits that were fabricated using ultrathin silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology. Low-threshold oxide-confined top-emitting VCSEL 8 x 8 arrays were designed and fabricated with off-site contact bonding pads. The arrays were flip-chip bonded to driver arrays on sapphire substrates and mounted on high-speed printed-circuit boards as optical transmitter arrays. The laser output was transmitted through the transparent sapphire substrate and coupled to MSM PD arrays and the SOS receiver. This optical interconnect system was demonstrated to operate at a data rate of 1.0 Gb/s per channel with a power consumption of 28 mW for each channel including transmitter and receiver. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Andreou, Andreas G./A-3271-2010 OI Andreou, Andreas G./0000-0003-3826-600X NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 2 BP 380 EP 386 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2003.814182 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 735VK UT WOS:000186135100030 ER PT J AU Pittman, WC AF Pittman, WC TI Evolution of the DOD and microwave & millimeter wave monolithic IC program SO IEEE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, ANSAM RDMG, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Pittman, WC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, ANSAM RDMG, Bldg 5400, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0278-0097 J9 IEEE TECHNOL SOC MAG JI IEEE Technol. Soc. Mag. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 22 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1109/MTAS.2003.1188275 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 655QW UT WOS:000181565000006 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Hadjipanayis, AG Welkos, SL AF Lee, JS Hadjipanayis, AG Welkos, SL TI Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-vectored vaccines protect mice against anthrax spore challenge SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; IN-VITRO; ANTIGEN; IMMUNIZATION; EXPRESSION; REPLICON; STRAIN AB Anthrax, a disease usually associated with herbivores, is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The current vaccine licensed for human use requires a six-dose primary series and yearly boosters and causes reactogenicity in up to 30% of vaccine recipients. A minimally reactogenic vaccine requiring fewer inoculations is warranted. Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus has been configured for use as a vaccine vector for a wide variety of immunogens. The VEE vaccine vector is composed of a self-replicating RNA (replicon) containing all of the VEE virus nonstructural genes and a multiple-cloning site in place of the VEE structural genes. Four different anthrax vaccines were constructed by cloning the protective antigen (PA) gene from B. anthracis into the VEE vaccine vector. The anthrax vaccines were produced by assembling the vectors into propagation-deficient VEE replicon particles in vitro. A/J mice inoculated subcutaneously with three doses of the mature 83-kDa PA vaccine were completely protected from challenge with the Sterne strain of B. anthracis. Similar results were obtained with vaccines composed of the PA gene fused to either the B. anthracis secretory sequence or to a tissue plasminogen activator secretory sequence in three additional mouse strains. Mice were unprotected from challenge after inoculation with the carboxy-terminal 63-kDa PA vaccine. These results suggest that these VEE-vectored vaccines may be suitable as candidate vaccines against anthrax. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 71 IS 3 BP 1491 EP 1496 DI 10.1128/IAI.71.3.1491-1496.2003 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 650NU UT WOS:000181270900055 PM 12595467 ER PT J AU Nunez, JR AF Nunez, JR TI The Canadian forces and interoperability - Panacea or perdition? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Nunez, JR (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CANADIAN INST INT AFFAIRS PI TORONTO PA 5 DEVONSHIRE PL, TORONTO, ONTARIO M5S 2C8, CANADA SN 0020-7020 J9 INT J JI Int. J. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 58 IS 2 BP 417 EP 418 DI 10.2307/40203848 PG 2 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 705VA UT WOS:000184415400009 ER PT J AU Bolonkin, A AF Bolonkin, A TI Air cable transport system SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB Currently, aircraft are used to move payloads and passengers from one place to other. This method is expensive because aircraft use expensive fuel and have high capital costs. New method for less expensive delivery of payload and people from one city to other city (similar to airlines), or across streams, river, canyons, and mountains, is proposed. The method uses a closed-loop cable path with the propulsion system located on the ground. The system can utilize any inexpensive energy source and air vehicles or cheaper wing containers without expensive electronic equipment. This method is particularly effective for providing an air bridge across straits or mountains. It is less expensive then conventional air transport systems. The analysis provides computations for two projects: airline travel from New York to Washington and an air bridge across Gibraltar. The closed results are for English Channel. The proposed systems can also. transfer large amounts of mechanical energy from one place to an earth's surface to another with high efficiency. C1 USA, Natl Res Council, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Bolonkin, A (reprint author), USA, Natl Res Council, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, 101 W Eglin Blvd,Ste 152, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 2 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.2514/2.3118 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 664KM UT WOS:000182060300006 ER PT J AU Sardar, DK Bradley, WM Perez, JJ Gruber, JB Zandi, B Hutchinson, JA Trussell, CW Kokta, MR AF Sardar, DK Bradley, WM Perez, JJ Gruber, JB Zandi, B Hutchinson, JA Trussell, CW Kokta, MR TI Judd-Ofelt analysis of the Er3+ (4f(11)) absorption intensities in Er3+-doped garnets SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; STIMULATED-EMISSION; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; LASER PROPERTIES; UP-CONVERSION; IONS; NEODYMIUM; CRYSTALS; FLUORIDE AB Spectroscopic and laser properties of three different Er3+-doped garnet systems are characterized by employing the Judd-Ofelt (JO) analysis. The three garnet hosts are Y3Al5O12(YAG), Y3Sc2Ga3O12(YSGG), and Gd3Ga5O12(GGG). The JO model has been applied to the-room temperature absorption intensities of Er3+ (4f(11)) transitions to establish the so-called JO intensity parameters: Omega(2), Omega(4), and Omega(6) in the three garnet hosts. The intensity parameters are used to determine the radiative decay rates (emission probabilities of transitions) and branching ratios of the Er3+ transitions from the excited state J manifolds to the lower-lying J' manifolds. The predicted decay rates and branching ratios of these Er3+ transitions in YAG, YSGG, and GGG hosts are compared. From the radiative decay rates; the radiative lifetimes of the Er3+ excited states,are determined in the three garnets and are also compared. We also report the spectroscopic quality factors, Omega(4) Omega(6), obtained for the three garnets. The quantum efficiencies of the I-4(13/2) --> I-4(15/2) Er3+ transition in YAG, YSGG, and GGG are determined to be similar to79%, 82%, and 85%, respectively. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Bicron Crystal Prod, Washougal, WA 98671 USA. RP Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 34 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 5 BP 2602 EP 2607 DI 10.1063/1.1543242 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 651EF UT WOS:000181307000044 ER PT J AU Dhawan, A Doukas, WC AF Dhawan, A Doukas, WC TI Acute compartment syndrome of the foot following an inversion injury of the ankle with disruption of the anterior tibial artery - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; SPRAIN; PSEUDOANEURYSM; PREVENTION; TRAUMA C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Dhawan, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 85A IS 3 BP 528 EP 532 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 650XV UT WOS:000181290300022 PM 12637442 ER PT J AU Rogers, B Chapman, T Rettele, J Gatica, J Darm, T Beebe, M Dilworth, D Walsh, N AF Rogers, B Chapman, T Rettele, J Gatica, J Darm, T Beebe, M Dilworth, D Walsh, N TI Computerized manufacturing of transparent face masks for the treatment of facial scarring SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article AB In this work an integrated system of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing specifically designed to fabricate affordable transparent face masks is discussed. FaceScan((C)), a custom-designed software system, integrates shape capture, mask design, and pattern fabrication. The software controls a linear scan noncontact laser imager for facial topography acquisition and a milling machine for pattern fabrication. Compared with conventional methods of mask fabrication, this system is faster, more accurate, and less stressful for the patient and allows for greater control of the finished product. Masks for two subjects have been successfully fabricated using this system. (J Burn Care Rehabil 2003;24: 91-96). C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rogers, B (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Rogers, Bill/F-7689-2010 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1097/01.BCR.0000054171.82007.7A PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 652XU UT WOS:000181406800004 PM 12626928 ER PT J AU Thathaisong, U Worapong, J Mungthin, M Tan-Ariya, P Viputtigul, K Sudatis, A Noonai, A Leelayoova, S AF Thathaisong, U Worapong, J Mungthin, M Tan-Ariya, P Viputtigul, K Sudatis, A Noonai, A Leelayoova, S TI Blastocystis isolates from a pig and a horse are closely related to Blastocystis hominis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMANS; HOSTS; PREVALENCE; BOOTSTRAP; ANIMALS; STRAINS AB Blastocystis has a widespread distribution in a variety of animals, which is a potential source of infection for humans. However, the contribution of zoonotic transmission remains unclear due to the absence of molecular proof of these organisms being identical to those found in humans. We report herein the similar subgroup of Blastocystis isolates from humans, pigs, and a horse using a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of partial small-subunit ribosomal DNA (ssu rDNA). Additionally, sequence and phylogenic analysis of partial ssu rDNA of Blastocystis from a human, a pig, and a horse sharing a common subgroup shows that Blastocystis isolates from a pig and a horse were monophyletic and closely related to B. hominis, with 92 to 94% identity. These results suggest the possibility of zoonotic potential of Blastocystis. C1 Phramongkutklao Coll Med, Dept Parasitol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Ctr Biotechnol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Phramongkutklao Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Div Res, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Leelayoova, S (reprint author), Phramongkutklao Coll Med, Dept Parasitol, 315 Ratchawithee Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 25 TC 55 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 967 EP 975 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.3.967-975.2003 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 656PQ UT WOS:000181616500009 PM 12624017 ER PT J AU Jagodzinski, LL Cooley, JD Weber, M Michael, NL AF Jagodzinski, LL Cooley, JD Weber, M Michael, NL TI Performance characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotyping systems in sequence-based analysis of subtypes other than HIV-1 subtype B SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL-DRUG-RESISTANCE; VIRAL LOAD STANDARDS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; SENTINEL SITE; NEW-YORK; TRANSMISSION; PROTEASE; PREVALENCE AB Given the diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes and the emergence of subtypes other than HIV-1 subtype B in the United States, genotypic assays must be capable of delivering sequence data on diverse HIV-1 subtypes. We evaluated the performance of Visible Genetics TRUGENE HIV-1 genotyping kit and Applied Biosystems ViroSeq HIV-1 genotyping system on a panel of 34 well-characterized HIV-1 viral stocks (subtypes A through H). Both assays perform well on diverse HIV-1 subtypes despite being designed for HIV-1 subtype B. The TRUGENE assay produced sequence data for 31 isolates but not for one C and two G isolates. The TRUGENE assay using prototype 1.5 RT-PCR primers and the ViroSeq assay were both successful for all variants tested, although five isolates lacked double-strand sequence coverage in the ViroSeq assay. The availability of standardized HIV-1 genotyping kits that perform reliably with all HIV subtypes will facilitate broad implementation of HIV-1 resistance testing. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Jagodzinski, LL (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 998 EP 1003 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.3.998-1003.2003 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 656PQ UT WOS:000181616500013 PM 12624021 ER PT J AU Hartman, AB Essiet, II Isenbarger, DW Lindler, LE AF Hartman, AB Essiet, II Isenbarger, DW Lindler, LE TI Epidemiology of tetracycline resistance determinants in Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli: Characterization and dissemination of tet(A)-1 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; NATURAL TRANSFORMATION; DIARRHEAL PATHOGENS; FREQUENCY; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; SALMONELLA; SEDIMENTS AB To make a comprehensive study of tetracycline resistance determinant distribution in the genus Shigella, a collection of 577 clinical isolates of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) from a variety of geographical locations was screened to identify tetracycline-resistant strains. The 459 tetracycline-resistant isolates identified were then screened by PCR analysis to determine the distribution in these strains of tetracycline efflux resistance determinants belonging to classes A to E, G, and H that have been identified in gram-negative bacteria. Only classes A to D were represented in these strains. Although Tet B was the predominant determinant in all geographical locations, there were geographical and species differences in the distribution of resistance determinants. An allele of tet(A), designated tet(A)-1, was identified and sequenced, and the 8.6-kb plasmid containing determinant Tet A-1, designated pSSTA-1, was found to have homologies to portions of a Salmonella enterica cryptic plasmid and the broad-host-range resistance plasmid RSF1010. This allele and pSSTA-1 were used as epidemiological markers to monitor clonal and horizontal transmission of determinant Tet A-1. An analysis of serotype, distribution of tetracycline resistance determinants, and resistance profiles indicated that both clonal spread and horizontal transfer had contributed to the spread of specific tetracycline resistance determinants in these populations and demonstrated the use of these parameters as an epidemiological tool to follow the transmission of determinants and strains. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hartman, AB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 31 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 1023 EP 1032 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.3.1023-1032.2003 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 656PQ UT WOS:000181616500017 PM 12624025 ER PT J AU Coker, PR Smith, KL Fellows, PF Rybachuck, G Kousoulas, KG Hugh-Jones, ME AF Coker, PR Smith, KL Fellows, PF Rybachuck, G Kousoulas, KG Hugh-Jones, ME TI Bacillus anthracis virulence in guinea pigs vaccinated with anthrax vaccine adsorbed is linked to plasmid quantities and clonality SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM REPEAT ANALYSIS; REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; INHALATION ANTHRAX; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; RHESUS MACAQUES; MULTIPLE-LOCUS; PATHOGENESIS AB Bacillus anthracis is a bacterial pathogen of great importance, both historically and in the present. This study presents data collected from several investigations and indicates that B. anthracis virulence is associated with the clonality and virulence of plasmids pX01 and pX02. Guinea pigs vaccinated with Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed were challenged with 20 B. anthracis isolates representative of worldwide genetic diversity. These same isolates were characterized with respect to plasmid copy number by using a novel method of quantitative PCR developed for rapid and efficient detection of B. anthracis from environmental samples. We found that the copy numbers for both pX01 and pX02 differed from those in previously published reports. By combining the data on survival, plasmid copy numbers, and clonality, we developed a model predicting virulence. This model was validated by using a randomly chosen set of 12 additional B. anthracis isolates. Results from this study will be helpful in future efforts to elucidate the basis for variation in the virulence of this important pathogen. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Div Biotechnol & Mol Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Coker, PR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-452, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 35 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 1212 EP 1218 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.3.1212-1218.2003 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 656PQ UT WOS:000181616500045 PM 12624053 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Daly, SF AF Lever, JH Daly, SF TI Upstream effects of Cazenovia Creek ice-control structure SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ice control; New York; ice jams ID JAM AB An ice-control structure (ICS) for Cazenovia Creek in West Seneca, N.Y., will arrest a breakup ice run and hold the resulting ice jam throughout typical breakup events. While this will reduce downstream flood damages, water levels upstream will be higher than under existing conditions, and upstream property owners must be compensated. We used HEC-RAS to model ice-jam hydraulics upstream of the ICS. Because the extent of the jam dictates the extent of high water, estimating ice-jam volume plays a key role in the modeling. The initial volume was the estimated prebreakup ice supply, less 30% transport losses. At each discharge, we reduced the available ice volume to account for melting by water entering the jam at 0.7degreesC and washouts through the ICS at a rate of 1% of discharge. These losses significantly reduce the ice-jam length, and thus the extent of high water, as discharge increases. The maximum ice-jam water levels at each discharge form an "elevation envelope" to determine the effect of the ICS on upstream property owners. To our knowledge, these are the first analyses to account for the effects of melting and washout losses on predicted ice-jam water levels. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2003)17:1(3) PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 646VC UT WOS:000181055400001 ER PT J AU Brunso, TP Siddiqi, KM AF Brunso, TP Siddiqi, KM TI Using benchmarks and metrics to evaluate project delivery of environmental restoration programs SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE bench marks; delivery; evaluation AB The United States is in the middle of a large environmental restoration effort that is hampered by a lack of knowledge on how to measure the performance of the project delivery process. This study evaluates one environmental restoration program's ability to deliver projects: the Environmental Management Program (EMP), a federally sponsored program managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Project performance metrics are compiled and used to measure two types of program improvements made in project delivery: trend improvements over time, and the ability to reach established benchmarks. The benchmarks come from both agency guidance and construction industry benchmarks. The metrics measure the program's ability to accurately estimate the required resources (time and money) to accomplish the project, estimate the cost to operate and maintain the project, and meet the customers' design requirements. To build the metrics, estimates from the project planning documents are compared against the actual results. Currently, the Corps of Engineers has established some benchmarks and does evaluate projects for design success, but the benchmarks do not include all aspects of project delivery and are not universally applied. Analysis of the metrics shows that the Corps has made improvements in the delivery of projects, but some major components of the process should be improved. Establishing benchmarks would provide the Corps with information to improve the project delivery of the EMP and other environmental restoration programs across the country. This study provides an example of applying business principles to a governmental program. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Leclaire, IA 52753 USA. So Polytech State Univ, Construct Dept, Marietta, GA 30060 USA. RP Brunso, TP (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 1201 Bridgeview Pl, Leclaire, IA 52753 USA. EM torkild.p.brunso@usace.army.mil; ksiddiqi@spsu.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9364 J9 J CONSTR ENG M ASCE JI J. Constr. Eng. Manage.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 2 BP 119 EP 130 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2003)129:2(119) PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 657PR UT WOS:000181676000002 ER PT J AU Pearson, RM Liewehr, FR West, LA Patton, WR McPherson, JC Runner, RR AF Pearson, RM Liewehr, FR West, LA Patton, WR McPherson, JC Runner, RR TI Human periodontal ligament cell viability in milk and milk substitutes SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID STORAGE MEDIA; OSMOLALITY AB The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of several milk substitutes compared to whole milk in maintaining the viability of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells on avulsed teeth. PDL cells were obtained from freshly extracted, healthy third molars and cultured in Eagle's minimal essential media (EMEM). The cells were plated onto 24-well culture plates and allowed to attach for 24 h. EMEM was replaced with refrigerated whole milk (positive control), reconstituted powdered milk, evaporated milk, or one of two baby formulas (Similac(R) or Enfamil(R) Tap water served as the negative control. Tissue culture plates were incubated with the experimental media at 37degreesC for 1, 2, 4, or 8 h. Cell viability was determined by a cell proliferation assay (CellTiter 96(R) AQ Assay), with absorbance read at 450 nM. A two-way ANOVA (p < 0.001) indicated that at 1 h there was no difference in the effect on PDL cell viability between any of the materials and whole milk. At 2 h, Enfamil(R) and Similac(R) performed significantly better than whole milk, whereas evaporated milk performed worse. At 4 h, Enfamil(R)) performed better than whole milk, whereas all other milk substitutes performed worse. At 8 h, all substitutes performed worse than whole milk. These results suggest that Enfamil(R), which is supplied in powder form that does not require special storage and has a shelf life of 18 months, is a more effective storage medium for avulsed teeth than pasteurized milk for at least 4 h. C1 USA, Dent Act, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dent Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, Dent Act, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 3 BP 184 EP 186 DI 10.1097/00004770-200303000-00005 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 652GK UT WOS:000181371300005 PM 12669877 ER PT J AU Lynne, RE Liewehr, FR West, LA Patton, WR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC AF Lynne, RE Liewehr, FR West, LA Patton, WR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC TI In vitro antimicrobial activity of various medication preparations on E-faecalis in root canal dentin SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; ENDODONTIC IRRIGANTS; CHLORHEXIDINE; INFECTION; THERAPY; TUBULES; DISINFECTION; TEETH AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of several medication preparations in root canal dentin infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Roots of extracted bovine incisors were prepared to standardized cylindrical test specimens, 5 mm in height. The smear layer was removed and the samples were autoclaved and then incubated at 37degreesC/5% CO2 for 24 h in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth containing 7.0 x 10(4) colony forming units per ml of E. faecalis. The samples were washed in phosphate buffered saline and mounted to individual culture wells with sticky wax. Test medications were applied to fill the canal lumina; medication groups were: (a) sterile H2O (positive control); (b) a 10% mixture of 1.0 g Ca(OH)(2) USP in 10 ml sterile H2O; (c) 10% Ca(OH)(2) in 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex); (d) Peridex; and (e) uninoculated BHI (negative control). The samples were incubated at 37degreesC/5% CO2 for 24 h. Dentin samples for quantitative microbiology were then obtained with consecutive sterile burs (ISO 029, 035, 042). All three experimental groups demonstrated significantly greater antimicrobial activity than the positive control (p < 0.001). Group 2 demonstrated significantly greater antimicrobial activity than Group 3 or Group 4 at all dentin depths (p < 0.05). These results suggest that 10% Ca(OH)(2) may be more effective than Peridex or 10% Ca(OH)(2) in Peridex for the elimination of E. faecalis from dentin tubules. C1 USA, Dent Act, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dent Corps, Endodont Residency Program, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, Dent Act, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 3 BP 187 EP 190 DI 10.1097/00004770-200303000-00006 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 652GK UT WOS:000181371300006 PM 12669878 ER PT J AU Hwang, SC Min, KS AF Hwang, SC Min, KS TI Improved sludge dewatering by addition of electro-osmosis to belt filter press SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE belt filter press; cake; electro-osmosis; heating value; heavy metal concentration; water content ID WATER; DEWATERABILITY; MANAGEMENT AB Gravity-thickened sludge (GTS) and anaerobically-digested sludge (ADS) from a wastewater treatment plant and sludge from drying bed (DBS) from a water treatment plant were dewatered using the pilot-scale electro-osmotic belt filter press (EBFP). The results indicated that the addition of electro-osmosis greatly improved sludge dewaterability, lowering water content (WC) and heavy metal concentration, and increasing heating value. For instance, EBFP produced 56.0% WC for GTS, 58.4% for ADS, and 69.6% for DBS when current density was 41.1, 42.1, and 17.9 A/m(2), respectively, and a cationic coagulant was dosed at 0.36% on dried solid, 0.46%, and 0.19%, respectively. Without the addition of electricity, the system achieved only 74.3% WC for GTS, 72.8% for ADS, and 74.7% for DBS. Therefore, EBFP would produce a proper cake WC by simply controlling the current density, depending on the destination of dewatered cake such as land application, compost, or incineration. C1 Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Taegu 702701, South Korea. RP Hwang, SC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP E, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM sangchul.hwang@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 11 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1496-2551 J9 J ENVIRON ENG SCI JI J. Environ. Eng. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 2 IS 2 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.1139/S03-013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 803WR UT WOS:000220261700007 ER PT J AU Doppalapudi, RB Sorial, GA Maloney, SW AF Doppalapudi, RB Sorial, GA Maloney, SW TI Electrochemical reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in a continuous flow laboratory scale reactor SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE cisterns; laboratory tests; wastewater treatment ID BIOTRANSFORMATION AB An electrochemical laboratory scale reactor was used to treat 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Experiments were conducted by using a graphite carbon cylinder impregnated with glassy carbon (zero porosity) as the cathode and a platinum wire as the anode. All experiments were conducted under anoxic conditions. Initially, experiments simulating batch conditions were conducted to obtain the optimum operating conditions for the reactor. During this batch-mode study, the effect of various parameters such as applied current, electrolyte concentration, and type of electrolyte on the reduction of DNT were evaluated. Results showed that the rates of DNT reduction increased with an increase in current or concentration of electrolyte. Based on the results obtained from the batch simulation experiments, continuous flow experiments were conducted at three different currents and one electrolyte concentration. The ionic strength of the feed solution was maintained at 0.027 M. A current of 200 mA (current density 0.088 mA/cm(2)) provided a stable reduction of DNT at the 80% level for a period of 14 days after which reactor cleaning was necessary for removal of suspended solids that were formed within the reactor. End products determined for the experiments showed 80-100% molar balance closure. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 3 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2003)129:3(192) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 645UT UT WOS:000180998400003 ER PT J AU Jinneman, KC Hunt, JM Eklund, CA Wernberg, JS Sado, PN Johnson, JM Richter, RS Torres, ST Ayotte, E Eliasberg, SJ Istafanos, P Bass, D Kexel-Calabresa, N Lin, W Barton, CN AF Jinneman, KC Hunt, JM Eklund, CA Wernberg, JS Sado, PN Johnson, JM Richter, RS Torres, ST Ayotte, E Eliasberg, SJ Istafanos, P Bass, D Kexel-Calabresa, N Lin, W Barton, CN TI Evaluation and interlaboratory validation of a selective agar for phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C activity using a chromogenic substrate to detect Listeria monocytogenes from foods SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article AB Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) activity is a potential virulence factor and is exhibited only by the Listeria species Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii. A chromogenic substrate for the direct detection of PI-PLC activity is available in a new medium (BCM L. monocytogenes plating agar). The use of a chromogenic substrate offers a mechanism with which to directly screen for L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii other than the esculin used in Oxford (OXF) and Palcam, (PAL) agars, which screen for all Listeria species. The specificity levels of BCM plating agar and of BCM confirmation and rhamnose agars were evaluated with 107 Listeria and 10 Bacillus species isolates. In addition, BCM L. monocytogenes plating agar was compared with standard Listeria selective agars (OXF and PAL agars) with regard to the recovery of L. monocytogenes from 2,000 food and environmental samples obtained from eight participating laboratories. A Listeria species was isolated from at least one of the agars in 209 analyses, and L. monocytogenes was isolated in 135 of these analyses. In 27 of the analyses in which L. monocytogenes was isolated, one or more of the selective differential agars used failed to isolate L. monocytogenes, and therefore the results of these analyses were discrepant. Relative to a reference method involving the use of all three agars (OXF, PAL, and BCM agars), the OXF-BCM, PAL-BCM, and OXF-PAL combinations had sensitivities of 99.3, 99.2, and 90.2%, respectively. In statistical analyses of the different combinations of agars, the OXF-BCM and BCM-PAL combinations were found to be superior to the OXF-PAL combination for the detection of L. monocytogenes. C1 US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Pacific Reg Lab NW, Bothell, WA 98021 USA. US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Pacific Reg Lab SW, Los Angeles, CA 90015 USA. US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, San Francisco Dist Off, Alameda, CA 94502 USA. US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, SE Reg Lab, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, NE Reg Lab, Jamaica, NY USA. US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Reg Lab, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. Cherney Micobiol Serv Ltd, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA. USA, Food Anal Lab Branch, Cent Pacific Dist Vet Command, Honolulu, HI USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Jinneman, KC (reprint author), US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Pacific Reg Lab NW, 2201 23rd Dr SE, Bothell, WA 98021 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 66 IS 3 BP 441 EP 445 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 656HG UT WOS:000181602100014 PM 12636298 ER PT J AU Sipahioglu, O Barringer, SA Taub, I Yang, APP AF Sipahioglu, O Barringer, SA Taub, I Yang, APP TI Characterization and modeling of dielectric properties of turkey meat SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE turkey; dielectric properties; bound water; loss factor; water activity ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; FREQUENCIES; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; FOODS AB The dielectric properties of turkey meat at water activities of 0.84 to 0.98 were measured at 2450 and 915 MHz. Equations were developed as a function of temperature, moisture, water activity, and ash, and compared to literature equations. Unexpected results were: as the water activity decreased or ash increased, the dielectric constant increased with temperature, and dielectric loss factor of reduced moisture samples was determined by moisture not ash. It is theorized that the effect of temperature on dielectric constant is a function of the ratio of bound to free water. Glycerol did not affect the dielectric properties, while lactic acid decreases them by promoting water loss during protein denaturation. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Barringer, SA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2015 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 521 EP 527 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05705.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 714JN UT WOS:000184910300019 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Wig, TD Tang, J Hallberg, LM AF Wang, Y Wig, TD Tang, J Hallberg, LM TI Sterilization of foodstuffs using radio frequency heating SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dielectric heating; radio frequency; sterilization; chemical marker; military ration; poly tray food AB A study was conducted with a pilot-scale sterilization system based on 27-MHz radio frequency (RF) energy to investigate the effectiveness in shortening process time and in improving quality for foods sealed in 6-pound military-ration polymeric trays. Chemical marker M-1 was used to evaluate heating uniformity in 20% whey protein gels as a model food, and macaroni and cheese was processed to assess the influence of RF process on product quality. With the RF system, a lethality (F-0 = 10 min) was achieved in both model food and macaroni and cheese within 30 min with relative uniform heating, compared to a 90 min conventional retort process that delivered a similar lethality. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USA, Natick Combat Feeding Program, Adv Proc & Packaging Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 23 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 15 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 539 EP 544 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05708.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 714JN UT WOS:000184910300022 ER PT J AU Sietman, BE Dunn, HL Tucker, JK Kelner, DE AF Sietman, BE Dunn, HL Tucker, JK Kelner, DE TI Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) predation on zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) attached to unionid bivalves SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIZE-SELECTIVE PREDATION; FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; DIVING DUCKS; GREAT-LAKES; INVASION; POPULATION; CLAMS; FISH AB Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) commonly prey upon unionid bivalves, discarding the empty shells in discrete piles or middens. We found large numbers of live unionids and the shell remains of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in muskrat middens on the upper Ohio River and upper Mississippi River. Muskrats apparently began preying on zebra mussels that were attached to unionids following an increase in zebra mussel abundance at the study sites. Significantly fewer zebra mussels were attached to live unionids at muskrat middens than to ones collected from reference sites away from middens. We also found a group of stones with numerous zebra mussel byssal threads at an Ohio River midden, suggesting muskrats retrieved and ate the attached zebra mussels. We view this, as well as the fact that muskrats discarded live unionids, as evidence that muskrats were selectively preying on zebra mussels rather than unionids. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, St Paul, MN 55101 USA. Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Great Rivers Field Stn, Brighton, IL 62012 USA. Ecol Specialists Inc, Ofallon, MO 63366 USA. RP Sietman, BE (reprint author), POB 782, Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 8 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1080/02705060.2003.9663948 PG 8 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 650YG UT WOS:000181291800003 ER PT J AU Wissmann, KJ Filz, GM Mosher, RL Martin, JR AF Wissmann, KJ Filz, GM Mosher, RL Martin, JR TI Sheet pile tensions in cellular structures SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE sheet piles; tensions; cofferdams; bulkheads; instrumentation; finite-element method AB Cellular structures constructed of interlocking steel sheet piles are used in marine environments as cofferdams, bulkheads, mooring dolphins, and lock guide walls. In addition to providing safety against sliding, bearing failure, overturning, and tilting, cellular structures must also be designed to prevent sheet pile interlock rupture, which can lead to catastrophic failure if the cell fill is lost. Methods commonly used to estimate sheet pile interlock tensions were developed in the 1940's, 1950's, and 1970's. These methods are based on empirical observations, and they do not explicitly account for soil-structure interactions. This paper presents the results of finite element analyses and instrumentation measurements performed to examine soil-structure interaction effects on sheet pile tensions. The finite-element analyses were used to compute sheet pile tensions at five instrumented cells, and the results are compared with measurements. The calibrated finite-element model was then used to investigate the effects of varying cell geometry, interlock behavior, sheet pile penetration depth, and foundation stiffness on sheet pile tensions. The instrumentation measurements provide data for estimating changes in sheet pile tensions due to cell fill densification, cofferdam unwatering, and bulkhead backfilling. C1 Geopier Fdn Co Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wissmann, KJ (reprint author), Geopier Fdn Co Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 3 BP 224 EP 233 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2003)129:3(224) PG 10 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 646VW UT WOS:000181057100005 ER PT J AU Youd, TL Idriss, IM Andrus, RD Arango, I Castro, G Christian, JT Dobry, R Finn, WDL Harder, LF Hynes, ME Ishihara, K Koester, JP Liao, SSC Marcuson, WF Martin, GR Mitchell, JK Moriwaki, Y Power, MS Robertson, PK Seed, RB Stokoe, KH AF Youd, TL Idriss, IM Andrus, RD Arango, I Castro, G Christian, JT Dobry, R Finn, WDL Harder, LF Hynes, ME Ishihara, K Koester, JP Liao, SSC Marcuson, WF Martin, GR Mitchell, JK Moriwaki, Y Power, MS Robertson, PK Seed, RB Stokoe, KH TI Closure to "Liquefaction resistance of soils: Summary report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF workshops on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils" SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Bechtel Corp, San Francisco, CA 94119 USA. GEI Consultants Inc, Winchester, MA 01890 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 94236 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Sci Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 162, Japan. Parsons Brinckerhoff, Boston, MA 02116 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Geomatrix Consultants, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Youd, TL (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 3 BP 284 EP 286 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2003)129:3(284) PG 3 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 646VW UT WOS:000181057100012 ER PT J AU Hobson, ST Boecker, JD Gifford, JH Nohe, TL Wierks, CH AF Hobson, ST Boecker, JD Gifford, JH Nohe, TL Wierks, CH TI Synthesis and unusual stability of pyridine and N-methyl pyridinium 1,3-dioxolanes SO JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID QUATERNARY-SALTS; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; SOLID-PHASE; 2-<(HYDROXYIMINO)METHYL>IMIDAZOLE; CLEAVAGE; REACTIVATION; MOLECULES; ACETALS AB Differentially substituted bridged pyridinium oximes are necessary in research on antidotes for organophosphate poisoning. A solid-phase synthesis would improve the yield and ease of purification of these compounds. To predict the lability of the linker in the final step of our proposed synthesis, we synthesized a series of pyridine and N-methyl pyridinium acetals. These compounds proved to be resistant to acid catalyzed hydrolysis. This stability may be useful for synthetic manipulation of pyridine aldehydes. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hobson, ST (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM stephen.t.hobson@us.army.mil NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU HETERO CORPORATION PI PROVO PA PO BOX 170, PROVO, UT 84603-0170 USA SN 0022-152X J9 J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM JI J. Heterocycl. Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 2 BP 277 EP 282 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 673DH UT WOS:000182564600012 ER PT J AU Yuan, CM Wang, Y Schooley, JF Bernet, V Abbott, KC Pamnani, MB AF Yuan, CM Wang, Y Schooley, JF Bernet, V Abbott, KC Pamnani, MB TI Na+ ,K+-ATPase inhibitor in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without clinical nephropathy SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Clinical Research 2003 Meeting CY MAR 13-16, 2003 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol & Endocrinol SVC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Physiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 51 SU 2 BP S366 EP S366 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 652QW UT WOS:000181390700061 ER PT J AU Daniels, JL Inyang, HI Iskandar, IK AF Daniels, JL Inyang, HI Iskandar, IK TI Durability of Boston Blue Clay in waste containment applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE durabilty; clays; containments; cracking; hydraulic conductivity ID FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; COMPACTED CLAY; PERMEABILITY; DESICCATION AB An experimental investigation of the durability of natural and polymer-amended Boston Blue Clay (BBC) used in waste containment applications was conducted. Durability was assessed in terms of hydraulic conductivity and crack formation in response to freeze-thaw- and desiccation-induced stresses. The polymers tested were nonionic polysaccharide (guar gum) and cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) with aqueous concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 8.00 g/L. BBC proved resistant to shrinkage cracks from desiccation, but susceptible to ice lensing from the application of freeze-thaw cycles. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of natural BBC increased from 5 X 10(-5) to I X 10(-3) cm/s after five freeze-thaw cycles. The saturated hydraulic conductivity for guar- and PAM-amended BBC also increased in response to freeze-thaw cycling; however, both the initial and final values were nearly an order of magnitude lower than those of natural BBC. In terms of crack formation as identified with computed topography scans, extensive ice lensing was observed in both the unamended and guar-amended specimens, while the PAM-amended specimen exhibited no such behavior in response to freeze-thaw cycling. Crack formation from either desiccation or freeze-thaw cycling was quantified in terms of a crack area density (CAD) that decreased for both guar- and PAM-amended specimens, as compared with the natural BBC. In particular, the observed CAD values for natural and PAM-amended BBC subjected to freeze-thaw cycling were 69 and 8%, respectively. The observed CAD values for all BBC specimens subjected to desiccation stress were less than 3%. Overall, these results indicate that natural BBC may be unsuitable for waste containment applications where control measures are not implemented for frost penetration. Moreover, polymer amendment serves to improve the material by reducing crack formation and hydraulic conductivity. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Civil Engn, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Univ N Carolina, Global Inst Energy & Environm Syst, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Daniels, JL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Civil Engn, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 144 EP 152 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:2(144) PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 657PU UT WOS:000181676200006 ER PT J AU Kamnaing, P Tsopmo, A Tanifum, EA Tchuendem, MHK Tane, P Ayafor, JF Sterner, O Rattendi, D Iwu, MM Schuster, B Bacchi, C AF Kamnaing, P Tsopmo, A Tanifum, EA Tchuendem, MHK Tane, P Ayafor, JF Sterner, O Rattendi, D Iwu, MM Schuster, B Bacchi, C TI Trypanocidal diarylheptanoids from Aframomum letestuianum SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID ALPINIA-OFFICINARUM AB Three new diarylheptanoids, (4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-one, letestuianin A (1), (4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy- 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-one, letestuianin B (2), and 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptan-3,5-dione, letestuianin C (3), as well as the known (4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-one (5) were isolated from Aframomum letestuianum. The known flavonoids 3-acetoxy-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone, 3-acetoxy-7-methoxy5,4'-dihydroxyflavanone, 7-methoxy-3,5,4'-trihydroxyflavone, and 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavan were also obtained from this plant. Their structures were determined using a combination of 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The four diarylheptanoids were tested for growth inhibitory activity in vitro versus bloodstream forms of African trypanosomes. IC50 values in the range of 1-3 mug/mL were found for compounds 3 and 5. C1 Lund Univ, Dept Organ & Bioorgan Chem, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Dschang, Dept Chem, Dschang, Cameroon. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Pace Univ, Haskins Labs, New York, NY 10038 USA. Pace Univ, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10038 USA. RP Sterner, O (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Organ & Bioorgan Chem, POB 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM Olov.Sterner@bioorganic.lth.se; cbacchi@fsmail.pace.edu OI Tsopmo, Apollinaire/0000-0002-7062-0833 FU FIC NIH HHS [1U01TWO 0317] NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 66 IS 3 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1021/np020362f PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 662AL UT WOS:000181923100008 PM 12662093 ER PT J AU McRae, C Cherin, E Diem, G Vo, AH Ellgring, JH Russell, D Fahn, S Freed, C AF McRae, C Cherin, E Diem, G Vo, AH Ellgring, JH Russell, D Fahn, S Freed, C TI Does personality change as a result of fetal tissue transplantation in the brain? SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; placebo surgery; personality; fetal transplantation ID SEVERE PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MESENCEPHALIC TISSUE; IMPROVEMENT; IDENTITY; ETHICS; TRAITS; SELF AB This study examined the effects on personality,of transplantation of fetal tissue into the brains of participants in a double-blind placebo control trial for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Thirty persons with PD (equal numbers of males and females) participated in a larger study investigating the efficacy of transplantation of fetal neural tissue versus placebo surgery. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either the fetal transplant or placebo surgery. The blind was lifted for all patients approximately 13 months after surgery, at which time individuals who had received the placebo surgery could choose to receive the transplant surgery. In this study 12 persons originally received the transplant and 18 received placebo surgery. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), a commonly used measure of personality characteristics, was administered to participants at baseline, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Scores at baseline for the Openness and Agreeableness scales were significantly higher for this sample of PD patients than scores for the normative group. There were no changes on any of the five scales from baseline to 12 months for the total group. The only significant change in the original transplant group was a decrease in Conscientiousness from baseline to 24 months. There were no changes over time among the group who had placebo surgery first and then the transplant. Results indicate that personality, as measured by the NEO-FFI, basically remained stable during the two-year follow-up period of this study. In this case, no change is regarded as a positive outcome. C1 Univ Denver, Coll Educ, Denver, CO 80208 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP McRae, C (reprint author), Univ Denver, Coll Educ, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RI Russell, Daniel/A-7559-2013 OI Russell, Daniel/0000-0003-2264-861X NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 250 IS 3 BP 282 EP 286 DI 10.1007/s00415-003-0986-3 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667AD UT WOS:000182207900003 PM 12638017 ER PT J AU Gu, X Jiao, T Kecskes, LJ Woodman, RH Fan, C Ramesh, KT Hufnagel, TC AF Gu, X Jiao, T Kecskes, LJ Woodman, RH Fan, C Ramesh, KT Hufnagel, TC TI Crystallization and mechanical behavior of (Hf, Zr)-Ti-Cu-Ni-Al metallic glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society CY FEB 17-21, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Extract & Proc Div ID AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; FLOW AB We have prepared a series of glass-forming alloys of composition (HfxZr1-x)(52.5)Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 and (HfxZr1-x)(57)Cu20Ni8Al10Ti5 with x = 0-1. The substitution of Hf for Zr reduces the glass-forming ability of these alloys; while all compositions of (HfxZr1-x)(52.5)Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 can be cast in bulk form, amorphous samples of the Hf-rich compositions (x > 0.8) of (HfxZr1-x)(57)Cu20Ni8Al10Ti5 can only be produced by rapid solidification. The alloys show similar crystallization behavior, although we observe an intermediate phase in the Hf-rich glasses (Al16Hf6Ni7) that is not observed in the Zr-rich glasses. The Young's modulus and the flow strength under quasi-static uniaxial compression increase linearly with increasing Hf content. Under dynamic loading, the failure strength of all of the alloys tested decreases with increasing strain rate. The differences in mechanical behavior between the Zr- and Hf-rich glasses can be rationalized in terms of the higher melting point of HE The addition of Hf increases the average bond energy of the alloy, resulting in a higher modulus and increasing the activation energy for atomic motion by which plastic deformation occurs. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Maryland Hall 102,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM xgu@jhu.edu RI Gu, Xiaofeng/E-8287-2013; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Hufnagel, Todd/A-3309-2010 OI Gu, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-8299-6451; Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Hufnagel, Todd/0000-0002-6373-9377 NR 15 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD MAR PY 2003 VL 317 IS 1-2 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01990-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 650FB UT WOS:000181251300018 ER PT J AU Wasserman, GM Grabenstein, JD Pittman, PR Rubertone, MV Gibbs, PP Wang, LZ Golder, LG AF Wasserman, GM Grabenstein, JD Pittman, PR Rubertone, MV Gibbs, PP Wang, LZ Golder, LG TI Analysis of adverse events after anthrax immunization in US Army medical personnel SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS; SAFETY; VACCINE; HUMANS; IRAQ AB A broad range of health effects in a cohort of 601 health care personnel, immunized with anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) as a military occupational health requirement, were assessed to evaluate adverse events both qualitatively and quantitatively. Active surveillance showed that localized reactions were common and occurred more often in women than men. Five patients were reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, but only one event could be definitively attributed to immunization, a large localized reaction. Two separate cohort studies, one using nested data from a standardized health risk appraisal instrument and the other comparing rates of outpatient visits and hospitalizations, did not reveal significant differences between AVA-immunized and unimmunized individuals. Our findings suggest that AVA is relatively reactogenic but do not indicate serious adverse health effects due to immunization. C1 USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Anthrax Vaccine Immunizat Program Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Anthrax Vaccine Clin Res Studies, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Anthrax Vaccine Clin Res Studies, Frederick, MD USA. Pacific Reg Med Command, Anthrax Vaccine Immunizat Program, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Wasserman, GM (reprint author), USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 35 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 45 IS 3 BP 222 EP 233 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000058345.05741.6b PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 656HE UT WOS:000181601900003 PM 12661179 ER PT J AU Flynn, TW AF Flynn, TW TI Direct access: The time has come for action SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYSICAL THERAPY; DISORDERS C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX 78239 USA. RP Flynn, TW (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX 78239 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 33 IS 3 BP 102 EP 103 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 702GT UT WOS:000184216700001 PM 12683684 ER PT J AU Baxter, RE Moore, JH AF Baxter, RE Moore, JH TI Diagnosis and treatment of acute exertional rhabdomyolysis SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; PHYSICAL-FITNESS TEST; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; EXERCISE; THIGH C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Combined & Gen Staff Coll, Combined Arms Ctr, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. US Mil Acad, US Mil Baylor Univ Postgarad Sports Med Residency, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Keller Army Community Hosp, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Baxter, RE (reprint author), 30453 199th St, Leavenworth, KS 66048 USA. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 33 IS 3 BP 104 EP 108 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 702GT UT WOS:000184216700002 PM 12683685 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Shih, TM Huynh, L Roch, M Booth, R Jenden, DJ AF Scremin, OU Shih, TM Huynh, L Roch, M Booth, R Jenden, DJ TI Delayed neurologic and behavioral effects of subtoxic doses of cholinesterase inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE; NERVE AGENT; RATS; SOMAN; SARIN; PRETREATMENT; PROTECTION; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; BRAIN AB We tested the hypothesis that pyridostigmine bromide (PB) intake and/or low-level sarin exposure, suggested by some as causes of the symptoms experienced by Persian Gulf War veterans, induce neurobehavioral dysfunction that outlasts their effects on cholinesterase. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated during 3 weeks with s.c. saline, PB in drinking water (80 mg/l), sarin (62.5 mug/kg; 0.5x LD50, three times/week s.c.), or PB in drinking water + sarin. Animals were tested for passive avoidance, nociceptive threshold, acoustic startle, and open field activity 2, 4, or 16 weeks after treatment. Two weeks after sarin, acoustic startle was enhanced, whereas distance explored in the open field decreased. These effects were absent with PB + sarin or PB by itself. No effect on any variable was found at 4 weeks, whereas at 16 weeks sarin induced a decrease and PB + sarin induced an increase in habituation in the open field test. Nociceptive threshold was elevated in the PB + sarin group at 16 weeks. No effect of treatment on passive avoidance was noted in any group. Brain regional acetylcholinesterase and cholineacetyltransferase activities were not affected at any time after treatment, but muscarinic receptors were down-regulated in hippocampus, caudate putamen, and mesencephalon in the sarin group at 2 weeks. In conclusion, this study gives further support to the use of PB against nerve agent poisoning and does not support the hypothesis that delayed symptoms experienced by Persian Gulf War veterans could be due to PB, alone or in association with low-level sarin exposure. C1 VA GLA Healthcare Syst, Dept Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med & Mol Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), VA GLA Healthcare Syst, Dept Res, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 319, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 304 IS 3 BP 1111 EP 1119 DI 10.1124/jpet.102.044818 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 648XP UT WOS:000181176900026 PM 12604688 ER PT J AU Belenky, G Wesensten, NJ Thorne, DR Thomas, ML Sing, HC Redmond, DP Russo, MB Balkin, TJ AF Belenky, G Wesensten, NJ Thorne, DR Thomas, ML Sing, HC Redmond, DP Russo, MB Balkin, TJ TI Patterns of performance degradation and restoration during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery: a sleep dose-response study SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chronic sleep restriction; modeling; partial sleep deprivation; performance; recovery; sleep deprivation; sleep restriction; sleep ID 3-PROCESS MODEL; PSYCHOMOTOR VIGILANCE; SUBJECTIVE ALERTNESS; REDUCTION; DEPRIVATION; DURATION; LENGTH; IMPACT; MOOD AB Daytime performance changes were examined during chronic sleep restriction or augmentation and following subsequent recovery sleep. Sixty-six normal volunteers spent either 3 (n = 18), 5 (n = 16), 7 (n = 16), or 9 h (n = 16) daily time in bed (TIB) for 7 days (restriction/augmentation) followed by 3 days with 8 h daily TIB (recovery). In the 3-h group, speed (mean and fastest 10% of responses) on the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) declined, and PVT lapses (reaction times greater than 500 ms) increased steadily across the 7 days of sleep restriction. In the 7- and 5-h groups speed initially declined, then appeared to stabilize at a reduced level; lapses were increased only in the 5-h group. In the 9-h group, speed and lapses remained at baseline levels. During recovery, PVT speed in the 7- and 5-h groups (and lapses in the 5-h group) remained at the stable, but reduced levels seen during the last days of the experimental phase, with no evidence of recovery. Speed and lapses in the 3-h group recovered rapidly following the first night of recovery sleep; however, recovery was incomplete with speed and lapses stabilizing at a level comparable with the 7- and 5-h groups. Performance in the 9-h group remained at baseline levels during the recovery phase. These results suggest that the brain adapts to chronic sleep restriction. In mild to moderate sleep restriction this adaptation is sufficient to stabilize performance, although at a reduced level. These adaptive changes are hypothesized to restrict brain operational capacity and to persist for several days after normal sleep duration is restored, delaying recovery. C1 USA, Med Corps, Div Neuropsychiat, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Belenky, G (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Div Neuropsychiat, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 44 TC 520 Z9 530 U1 5 U2 51 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2003.00337.x PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 647RX UT WOS:000181108800001 PM 12603781 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Low-temperature performance of Li-ion cells with a LiBF4-based electrolyte SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Li-ion cell; lithium tetrafluoroborate; lithium hexafluorophosphate; electrolyte; low temperature ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; BATTERIES; REACTIVITY; SALT AB The effect of LiBF4 on the low-temperature performance of a Li-ion cell was studied by using a 1:1:1 (wt) EC/DMC/DEC mixed solvent. The results show that the LiBF4-based electrolyte has a 2- to 3-fold lower ionic conductivity and shows rather higher freezing temperature compared with a LiPF6-based electrolyte. Owing to electrolyte freezing, cycling performance of the Li-ion cell using LiBF4 was significantly decreased when the temperature fell below -20 degreesC. However, impedance data show that at -20 degreesC the LiBF4 cell has lower charge-transfer resistance than the LiPF6 cell. In spite of the relatively lower conductivity of the LiBF4-based electrolyte, the cell based on it shows slightly lower polarization and higher capacity in the liquid temperature range (above -20 degreesC) of the electrolyte. This fact reveals that ionic conductivity of the electrolytes is not a limitation to the low-temperature performance of the Li-ion cell. Therefore, LiBF4 may be a good salt for the low-temperature electrolyte of a Li-ion cell if a solvent system that is of low freezing temperature, high solubility to LiBF4, and good compatibility with a graphite anode can be formulated. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 15 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1432-8488 J9 J SOLID STATE ELECTR JI J. Solid State Electrochem. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 7 IS 3 BP 147 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s10008-002-0300-9 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 670VD UT WOS:000182429100005 ER PT J AU Lentz, JJ Leek, MR AF Lentz, JJ Leek, MR TI Spectral shape discrimination by hearing-impaired and normal-hearing listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY PROFILE ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE-OBSERVATION TASKS; CORRELATION-COEFFICIENTS; LEVEL DISCRIMINATION; WEIGHTS; FREQUENCY; SENSITIVITY; COMPONENTS; CONTRAST; MODEL AB The ability to discriminate between sounds with different spectral shapes was evaluated for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Listeners discriminated between a standard stimulus and a signal stimulus in which half of the standard components were decreased in level and half were increased in level. In one condition, the standard stimulus was the sum of six equal-amplitude tones (equal-SPL), and in another the standard stimulus was the sum of six tones at equal sensation levels re: audiometric thresholds for individual subjects (equal-SL). Spectral weights were estimated in conditions where the amplitudes of the individual tones were perturbed slightly on every presentation. Sensitivity was similar in all conditions for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. The presence of perturbation and equal-SL components increased thresholds for both groups, but only small. differences in weighting strategy were measured between the groups depending on whether the equal-SPL or equal-SL condition was tested. The average data suggest that normal-hearing listeners may rely, more on the central components of the spectrum whereas hearing-impaired listeners may have been more likely to use the edges. However, individual weighting functions were quite variable, especially for the HI listeners, perhaps reflecting difficulty in processing changes in spectral shape due to hearing loss. Differences in weighting strategy without changes in sensitivity suggest that factors other than spectral weights, such as internal noise or difficulty encoding a reference stimulus, also may dominate performance. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lentz, JJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM jjlentz@indiana.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00626] NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1604 EP 1616 DI 10.1121/1.1553461 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700043 PM 12656395 ER PT J AU Garrett, PD Boyd, SYN Bauch, TD Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Kinkler, ES AF Garrett, PD Boyd, SYN Bauch, TD Rubal, BJ Bulgrin, JR Kinkler, ES TI Feasibility of real-time echocardiographic evaluation during patient transport SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BEDSIDE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY ROOM; TRAUMA; MANAGEMENT AB Echocardiography is a key diagnostic tool in evaluating patients with cardiac emergencies and chest trauma. The lack of qualified real-time interpretation limits its use by emergency first responders. Early diagnosis of cardiac emergencies has the potential to facilitate triage and medical intervention to improve outcomes. We investigated the feasibility of remote, real-time interpretation of echocardiograms during patient transport. Echocardiograms using a hand-carried ultrasound device were transmitted from an ambulance in transit to a tertiary care facility using a distributed mobile local area network. Transmitted studies were reviewed by a cardiologist for ability to interpret predefined features. Transmission quality and reliability were assessed. Echocardiographic images were successfully transmitted greater than 88% of transport time. The evaluation of left-ventricular size and function, and presence of pericardial effusion were greater than 90% concordant, but only 66% of all echocardiographic features were concordant. Most transmission losses were brief (less than or equal to10 seconds) with little impact on interpretability. wireless infrastructures in metropolitan areas provide the ability for realtime transmission of echocardiograms during patient transport of adequate quality for accurate interpretation. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Garrett, PD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0894-7317 J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 3 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1067/mje.2003.16 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 652UM UT WOS:000181399300002 PM 12618725 ER PT J AU Barling, KS Lunt, DK Graham, SL Choromanski, LJ AF Barling, KS Lunt, DK Graham, SL Choromanski, LJ TI Evaluation of an inactivated Neospora caninum vaccine in beef feedlot steers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DAIRY-CATTLE; SEROLOGIC STATUS; INFECTION; ASSOCIATION; EFFICIENCY; ABORTION; COWS AB Objective-To evaluate effects of vaccination of feedlot steers against bovine neosporosis on weight gain, feed intake and efficiency (feed intake per gain), and carcass characteristics. Design-Longitudinal observational study. Animals-60 weaned Brangus steers seronegative for Neospora caninum. Procedure-Steers were assigned to age-matched control and treatment groups. Steers in the treatment group received N caninum vaccine on days 79 and 106, while control steers received 2 placebo injections. For each steer, serologic status for N caninum was determined on days 0 (weaning), 51, 79, 106, 135, 163, 191, 219, and 247 by use of an ELISA; body weight was determined on the same days and at slaughter (day 259). Daily feed intake per steer was measured from days 79 to 259. Results-Seroconversion occurred in 23 of 30 (76.7%) steers in the vaccinated group. Immediately after vaccination, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency were significantly greater in the treatment group than in the control group, but these differences did not persist. No differences between groups were found in regard to live weight at slaughter, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, or quality grade; however, steers in the vaccinated group had significantly lower yield grades than did control steers. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-In feedlot steers, use of this vaccine against N caninum was safe and did not affect overall feedlot performance or meat quality; effects on yield grade require further evaluation. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Med & Surg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, USA, Vet Corps, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Agr Res Ctr, McGregor, TX 76657 USA. Intervent Inc, Millsboro, DE 19966 USA. RP Barling, KS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Med & Surg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 222 IS 5 BP 624 EP 627 DI 10.2460/javma.2003.222.624 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 648HK UT WOS:000181144800021 PM 12619843 ER PT J AU McDonald, RMS AF McDonald, RMS TI The planter's prospect: Privilege and slavery in plantation paintings SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McDonald, RMS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.2307/3125002 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 684QR UT WOS:000183218500021 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI A fighter from way back: The Mexican War diary of Lt. Daniel Harvey Hill, 4th Artillery, USA SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 144 EP 146 DI 10.2307/3125004 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 684QR UT WOS:000183218500023 ER PT J AU Cook, ML AF Cook, ML TI Just peacemaking: Challenges of humanitarian intervention SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF CHRISTIAN ETHICS LA English DT Article AB Just peacemaking proposes that it is a creative 'third way' between just war and pacifism for Christian engagement with international affairs. It claims that its proposals result from the convergence of a number of important characteristics of the contemporary international scene that cumulatively make this a 'kairos' for novel and creative modes of reflection and action. Further, it claims to offer workable and realistic counsel for action in the contemporary of international relations. This paper critically assesses both claims. It reviews various interpretations of the direction of contemporary international affairs and raises some cautions about too enthusiastic an embrace of just peacemaking's vision of cooperative internationalism. It then focuses specifically on situations that invite intervention in the name of humanitarian concerns. There, the author finds some elements of just peacemaking to be an important supplement to the capabilities of military forces to intervene effectively and to transition successfully to nation-building activities that are necessary if intervention is to have a lasting positive effect. C1 US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Cook, ML (reprint author), US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC CHRISTIAN ETHICS PI COLLEGEVILLE PA ST JOHN'S UNIV, SCHOOL THEOLOGY-SEMINARY, PO BOX 50370, COLLEGEVILLE, MN 56321-5633 USA SN 1540-7942 J9 J SOC CHRIST ETHICS JI J. Soc. Christ. Ethics PD SPR-SUM PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 241 EP 253 PG 13 WC Religion SC Religion GA 688QL UT WOS:000183447000015 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Nath, J Parker, JM Zaucha, GM AF Gorbunov, NV Nath, J Parker, JM Zaucha, GM TI Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of transferrin-bound iron in animal models of blunt trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE animal model of blunt chest and abdominal trauma; air blast overpressure; nonlethal weapon impacts; biomarkers of systemic acute phase response; transferrin-bound iron; electron paramagnetic resonance ID ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; BLAST INJURIES; BINDING; MECHANISM; METABOLISM; FERRITIN; RISK AB Background: Blood iron sequestration is known to be implicated in the systemic acute-phase response to trauma injury. The objective of the present research was to assess the effect of iron sequestration in animal models of blunt trauma by means of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of iron in complex with transferrin, a main iron-transporting protein in blood, and to correlate this effect with the extent of induced injury. Methods:. Two animal models of blunt trauma were explored in the present study. Blunt trauma in the rat model was produced by exposure of 14 animals to blast overpressure (BOP) (at peak BOP of either 86 +/- 5 kPa or 112 +/- 2 kPa) generated in a shock tube. Blunt trauma in the porcine model was produced by impact of high-speed projectiles made from a rubber-tipped, plastic composite weighing 28.64 +/- 0.12 g (mean +/- SEM, n = 8) with a length of similar to6 cm and a diameter of similar to4 cm. The projectiles were propelled by compressed helium onto eight animals at a velocity of 101.8 +/- 3.8 m/s (mean +/- SEM, n = 8) at the point of impact. Each experiment was accompanied by a pathology assessment using an injury scoring system developed for blunt trauma injuries to derive a severity score for whole-body involvement. Amounts of transferrin-bound iron (TRF-[Fe3+]) in whole blood and blood plasma samples were measured using quantitative electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The observed alterations in the amounts of blood TRF-[Fe3+] were correlated with estimated injury score ratios. in each animal. Results: Blunt trauma produced by either BOP exposure of rats or projectile impacts in pigs was accompanied by TRF-[Fe3+] sequestration observed in both blood and blood plasma. The amount of TRF-[Fe3+] in blood was shown to have inverse correlation with the extent of injury (Pearson r = -0.90 in the rat model and r = -0.93 in the porcine model) estimated by injury score ratios and was not dependent on location of the injury (lung, liver, spleen, or jejunum). Conclusion:. The presented data suggest that assessment of TRF-[Fe3+] in blunt trauma can provide a good deal of information on severity of injury. The response of TRF-[Fe3+] can be considered as a potential surrogate marker of the systemic alterations in blunt trauma and, therefore, warrants further investigation in a human pilot study. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Comparat Pathol, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gorbunov, NV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res MCR, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1A14, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2003 VL 54 IS 3 BP 574 EP 583 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000043922.40376.38 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 660EA UT WOS:000181819800023 PM 12634541 ER PT J AU Solomon, NP Glaze, LE Arnold, RR van Mersbergen, M AF Solomon, NP Glaze, LE Arnold, RR van Mersbergen, M TI Effects of a vocally fatiguing task and systemic hydration on men's voices SO JOURNAL OF VOICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Symposium on Care of the Professional Voice CY JUN 13-17, 2001 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA DE vocal fatigue; phonation threshold pressure; systemic hydration; gender differences; laryngeal appearance; effort ID PHONATION THRESHOLD PRESSURE; MUSCLE FATIGUE; OBJECTIVE MEASURES; LARYNGEAL; PERCEPTION; FOLDS AB Voice disorders, specifically vocal fatigue, are more commonly reported by women than by men. Previously, 4 women with normal untrained voices read loudly for 2 hours in an attempt to fatigue the voice. Vocal function deteriorated, as indicated by increases in phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and self-perceived phonatory effort. The increase in PTP was delayed or attenuated to some degree in 3 of the women when they drank ample amounts of water before the experiment. The current study examined the same vocal-loading task and water-drinking condition in 4 vocally normal men. PTP increased after the loud-reading task. Although 2 of the men appeared to benefit from increased systemic hydration (PTP increased more when they were underhydrated than well-hydrated), the other 2 men's data changed in the opposite direction. Phonatory effort correlated well with PTP; this varied across subject and pitch. Laryngeal endoscopy revealed an anterior glottal gap in two men after the loud-reading task. Amplitude of vocal fold vibration was judged to be reduced after the loud-reading task in three subjects when underhydrated and one subject when well hydrated. The high between-subject variability prohibits a conclusion that drinking water is beneficial to vocal function in men, but all subjects studied to date demonstrated detrimental vocal effects of prolonged loud talking. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Commun Disorders, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Solomon, NP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 5900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 29 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 6 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0892-1997 J9 J VOICE JI J. Voice PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 31 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00029-8 PG 16 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 664NX UT WOS:000182068100005 PM 12705817 ER PT J AU Batemen, RL AF Batemen, RL TI Disabled veterans in history SO JOURNAL OF WORLD HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Batemen, RL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 1045-6007 J9 J WORLD HIST JI J. World Hist. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 1 BP 96 EP 98 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 647PU UT WOS:000181103300009 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Blood for dignity: The story of the first integrated combat unit in the US army. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 4 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 673WN UT WOS:000182603400092 ER PT J AU Abdul-Aziz, A Baaklini, G Bhatt, R AF Abdul-Aziz, A Baaklini, G Bhatt, R TI Nondestructive testing of ceramic matrix composites coupled with finite element analyses SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE finite element analysis; computed topography; ceramic matrix composites; stress analysis; nondestructive testing AB Ceramic matrix composites are engineered materials frequently filled with manufacturing discontinuities, such as voids, delamination or fiber cracking. In this paper, nondestructive testing (NDT) of a ceramic matrix composite tensile specimen is coupled with a finite element analysis to locate the failure location prior to the actual testing. The tensile ceramic matrix composite specimen is scanned with computed tomography along various planes. The majority of the observed discontinuities are porosities in the matrix. ne computed tomography images are then used to reconstruct a three dimensional volume of the specimen's gage section using an image processing software. Subsequently, a three dimensional finite element analysis is carried out to include the scanned porosities. The stress variations along the scanned computed tomography planes are determined and comparison,of the finite element analysis results with those extracted via NDT and the test data are reported. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Aviat Syst Command, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Life Predict Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Abdul-Aziz, A (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 6-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 413 EP 417 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 652QD UT WOS:000181389100007 ER PT J AU Ives, JM Davidson, MJ AF Ives, JM Davidson, MJ TI Court-martial jurisdiction over retirees under articles 2(4) and 2(6): Time to lighten up and tighten up? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Review C1 USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Army Litigat Ctr, Gen Litigat Branch, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. Dept Treasury, Financial Management Serv, Washington, DC 20226 USA. RP Ives, JM (reprint author), USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Army Litigat Ctr, Gen Litigat Branch, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 1 EP 85 PG 85 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000001 ER PT J AU Foreman, MM AF Foreman, MM TI A patriot's heart: A summary and analysis of An Oral history of Colonel William S. Fulton, Jr., United States Army (Retired) (1943-1983); and Addendum to Oral History, the clerk of court years (1983-1997) SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corp, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 252 EP 285 PG 34 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000004 ER PT J AU Gray, KD AF Gray, KD TI The Eighth Annual Hugh J. Clausen Lecture on leadership SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 385 EP 401 PG 17 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000007 ER PT J AU Hyatt, J AF Hyatt, J TI The paradox of American power SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hyatt, J (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 402 EP 409 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000008 ER PT J AU Wallace, D AF Wallace, D TI Bush at war SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corp, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Wallace, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Law, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 418 EP 428 PG 11 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000010 ER PT J AU Spears, J AF Spears, J TI Supreme command SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Spears, J (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 175 BP 429 EP 438 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 695PG UT WOS:000183839000011 ER PT J AU Ritchie, EC Keppler, WC Rothberg, JM AF Ritchie, EC Keppler, WC Rothberg, JM TI Suicidal admissions in the United States military SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; BEHAVIOR; ARMY; POPULATION; RISK AB Suicide is currently the second leading cause of death in the U.S. military. Little recent research has been done on a well-defined cohort at high risk for death by suicide, which consist of military patients who attempt suicide or are admitted for suicidal ideation. As a pilot investigation based on a literature review of suicidal behavior in the U.S. military, 100 consecutive charts of suicidal patients at a tertiary military treatment facility were reviewed. The findings included the following: 94% were admitted with a depressed mood; 67% had a history of previous attempts or gestures; 49% had been treated with psychiatric medication prior to admission and 88% were treated with psychiatric medications while on the ward; 47% returned to a full duty status; 29% were recommended for administrative separation; and 18% were recommended for a medical board. Suggestions for future research are presented to help improve our suicide prevention programs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USUHS, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD USA. OASD, HA, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. RP Ritchie, EC (reprint author), OASD, HA, 5111 Leesburg Pike,Skyline 5,Suite 601, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 177 EP 181 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200003 PM 12685680 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT AF Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT TI Priorities for psychiatric research in the US military: An epidemiological approach SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; UNITED-STATES; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; ARMY SOLDIERS; SUICIDE; DISORDERS; PERSONNEL; TRENDS; ABUSE; DEATH AB Among the 1.4 million active duty U.S. military service members, 6% receive outpatient treatment for a mental disorder each year. Over 25% of these service members leave military service within 6 months, a rate that is more than two times higher than the rate following treatment for any other illness category. There is clearly a need to define psychiatric research priorities and an unprecedented opportunity to enhance the field of psychiatric research in general using the well-characterized military population. The first priority is to better define the burden of mental disorders in terms of incidence, prevalence, severity, risk factors, and health care use. The impact of mental disorders on occupational functioning, particularly among new recruits, needs to be better characterized. Suicide research should include efforts to validate mortality data, define the normal level of rate variability, and establish surveillance for clusters. The highly structured occupational environment of the military lends itself to studies of preventive interventions designed to reduce disability or occupational attrition resulting from mental/behavioral problems. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Total Army Injury & Hlth Outcomes Database Projec, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 182 EP 185 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200004 PM 12685681 ER PT J AU Buckingham, RS Whitwell, KJ Lee, RB AF Buckingham, RS Whitwell, KJ Lee, RB TI Descriptive analysis of military eye injuries from fiscal year 1988 to 1998 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESERT-SHIELD; STORM AB An 11-year retrospective study of ground eye injuries collected by the Army Safety Center, Navy Safety Center, and Air Force Safety Center from fiscal year 1988 through 1998 was performed. The statistics for eye injuries indicate that the average Army, Navy, and Air Force individual sustaining an eye injury is a 20- to 24-year-old man with a rank of E2 through E5. The average military individual sustaining an eye injury is not wearing eye protection when injured. In addition, Army personnel lost 1.9 more workdays, Navy personnel lost 1.5 more workdays, and Air Force personnel lost 3.4 more workdays than those individuals who were wearing eye protection at the time of the eye injury. Proactive vision conservation education at local levels needs to focus on the military personnel that are at the highest risk for an eye injury. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Buckingham, RS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bldg 1570 Stark Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 199 EP 204 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200007 PM 12685684 ER PT J AU Simon, DP Thach, AB Bower, KS AF Simon, DP Thach, AB Bower, KS TI Teleophthalmology in the evaluation of ocular trauma SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STANDARD FUNDUS CAMERA; NONMYDRIATIC CAMERA; DESERT-SHIELD; TELEMEDICINE; INJURIES; STORM AB Objective: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the efficacy of teleophthalmology in the assessment of anterior segment and ocular adnexal trauma using digital imaging devices. Methods: Eight ocular injuries were created in an animal model. Two separate photographers of different skill levels photographed each injury using four different cameras. The images were transmitted via the Internet and were reviewed by 83 ophthalmologists masked as to the injury, camera, and photographer. The ability to make the correct diagnosis was evaluated. Results: The correct diagnoses were made most consistently for the full-thickness eyelid laceration (96%), corneoscleral laceration with uveal prolapse (92%), partial-thickness eyelid laceration (86%), and hyphema (80%). The correct diagnoses were made less frequently with the intraocular foreign body (10%), normal eye (39%), and corneal foreign body (46%). Conclusions: With the current technology, it appears that teleophthalmology can be used with some reliability to assist with the diagnosis of certain ocular injuries. However, improvements in technology will be necessary before the diagnosis of most intraocular injuries will be able to be done on a consistent basis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Simon, DP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 205 EP 211 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200008 PM 12685685 ER PT J AU Chaffin, J AF Chaffin, J TI Dental population health measures: Supporting army transformation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARIES RISK ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTION; CHILDREN AB General Eric K. Shinseki, Chief of Staff of the Army, has initiated the transformation of the Army with the goals of making the force more lethal, agile, and versatile. A key component to the transformation is deploying healthier soldiers that will result in the ability to decrease the amount of deployed medical support. This article describes two new population health measures the U.S. Army Dental Command is implementing to support the transformation. The new program will make it mandatory for dental providers to assess caries and tobacco risk at all active duty soldiers' annual dental examinations. These measures will allow the dental personnel to identify who is at risk for future disease and then to plan appropriate prevention strategies for those individual soldiers. These aggregate corporate data will allow dental leaders to target prevention services to the units with a high percentage of tobacco users. These new measures and the resultant prevention strategies can increase the readiness of our forces and can result in a healthier and mission-ready force. C1 USA, Publ Hlth Dent Off, Dent Corps, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chaffin, J (reprint author), USA, Publ Hlth Dent Off, Dent Corps, 2050 Worth Rd,Suite 4, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 223 EP 226 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200011 PM 12685688 ER PT J AU Sachar, DS Narayan, R Song, JW Lee, HC Klein, TA AF Sachar, DS Narayan, R Song, JW Lee, HC Klein, TA TI Hantavirus infection in an active duty US Army soldier stationed in Seoul, Korea SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RENAL SYNDROME AB Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been described among the U.S. and the U.N. troops assigned to the Republic of Korea since the Korean War. However, this appears to be the first case in which infection was acquired during garrison duty in an urban environment. C1 121st Gen Hosp, Internal Med Serv, Seoul, South Korea. Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Seoul, South Korea. Prevent Serv Directorate, Med Command 18th, Seoul, South Korea. RP Sachar, DS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 231 EP 233 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200013 PM 12685690 ER PT J AU Fowler, EB Francis, PO Goho, C AF Fowler, EB Francis, PO Goho, C TI Use of acellular dermal matrix allograft for management of inadequate attached gingiva in a young patient SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DRIED BONE ALLOGRAFT; LONGITUDINAL EVALUATION; UNTREATED INDIVIDUALS; PERIODONTAL CONDITION; MUCOGINGIVAL PROBLEMS; TOOTH MOVEMENT; DURA-MATER; TISSUE; GRAFTS; ALLODERM AB Young patients are notorious for exhibiting inconsistent hygiene. Compounding this issue can be the need for orthodontic intervention. Periodontal surgery is often required prior to orthodontics to augment areas of inadequate gingiva. These surgical procedures traditionally require a second surgical site, usually the hard palate. The requirement to harvest donor tissue necessitates the need for additional local anesthesia and surgical trauma to a site often distant from the area of concern. After surgery, the donor site usually results in more discomfort for the patient than the recipient location. When treating young patients, minimizing dental surgical trauma and treatment time is advantageous. If a graft material could be used to replace the classic palatal or free gingival graft, then periodontal surgery would be better accepted by the adolescent patient. In this case report, an 11-year-old girl was treatment planned for orthodontics. She presented with thin gingival and minimal attached tissues in the mandibular anterior sextant. As an alternative to free autogenous grafting, an acellular dermal matrix allograft was used to augment these areas, negating the requirement for a second palatal surgical procedure. Healing was uneventful, and the results were judged to be successful in terms of increasing the band of attached tissue, color match, ease of the procedure, and rapid recovery of the patient. C1 USA, DENTEC, Okubo Dent Clin, Ft Lewis, WA 98439 USA. USA, DENTEC, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA 98439 USA. RP Fowler, EB (reprint author), USA, DENTEC, Okubo Dent Clin, Ft Lewis, WA 98439 USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 261 EP 265 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200019 PM 12685696 ER PT J AU Carmichael, MG Thompson, JC Buttolph, TB Hooke, JA AF Carmichael, MG Thompson, JC Buttolph, TB Hooke, JA TI A 59-year-old woman with tuberculous meningitis masked by hepatic encephalopathy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Tuberculous meningitis is a difficult diagnosis to make. The presenting symptoms, signs, and laboratory values are often nonspecific and can be attributed to other underlying conditions. Imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis can be more helpful. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis is not uncommon, and tuberculous meningitis represents 5% of extrapulmonary cases in the United States with the risk for tuberculosis increased six times for foreign-born persons. We report the case of a foreign-born cirrhotic patient with tuberculous meningitis whose diagnosis was likely delayed because of signs and symptoms of her underlying hepatic disease. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Carmichael, MG (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 266 EP 268 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200020 PM 12685697 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG AF Kiang, JG TI Genistein inhibits herbimycin A-induced over-expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 kDa SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE heat shock proteins; Ca2+; viability; heat; protein tyrosine kinase; carcinoma ID TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; EPIDERMOID A-431 CELLS; 72 KDA; INDUCTION; (I); HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN-70; OVEREXPRESSION; HYPOXIA; PHOSPHORYLATION; CARDIOMYOCYTES AB It has been shown that expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) can interfere with the effectiveness of therapeutic cytotoxic drugs. In this study, we investigated the regulation of expression of HSPs in human epidermoid A-431 cells. Two known protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors were studied. Treatment of cells with herbimycin A increased production of inducible HSP 70 kDa (HSP-70i) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas genistein did not. The increase induced by herbimycin A was observed within 2 h, reached a peak at 6 h, and remained above the basal level 3 days later. Pretreatment with genistein inhibited the herbimycin A-induced increase in HSP-70i. Herbimycin A treatment increased levels of HSP-70i mRNA in cells, suggesting that herbimycin A increases HSP-70i by promoting transcription. Treatment with genistein or genistein combined with herbimycin A did not increase HSP-70i mRNA, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of genistein also occurs at the level of mRNA production. Herbimycin A increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)), but treatment with genistein decreased it. Chelation of [Ca2+](i) with BAPTA blocked the herbimycin A-induced increase in HSP-70i mRNA and HSP-70i protein. Herbimycin A induced the phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), while genistein reduced HSF1 production. The ability of genistein to inhibit the herbimycin A-induced increase in HSP-70i is not associated with genistein's capacity to decrease basal [Ca2+](i), but because it decreases HSF1 production. The herbimycin A-induced increase in HSP-70i protected cells from hypoxia injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Juliann.Kiang@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 245 IS 1-2 BP 191 EP 199 DI 10.1023/A:1022836616452 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 658YC UT WOS:000181747800021 PM 12708759 ER PT J AU Landau, ME Diaz, MI Barner, KC Campbell, WW AF Landau, ME Diaz, MI Barner, KC Campbell, WW TI Optimal distance for segmental nerve conduction studies revisited SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE electrodiagnosis; entrapment neuropathy; mononeuropathy; neural conduction; neurophysiology AB In 1972, Maynard and Stolov showed that the experimental error in calculating nerve conduction velocity (NCV) depends on errors of latency and distance measurements. Their data suggested that a minimum distance of 10 cm should be used when calculating NCV because of an increase in error greater than or equal to25% at shorter distances. The object of this study was to reestablish the minimum distance using current technology. Twenty physicians measured the proximal and distal onset latencies of the same stored ulnar compound muscle action potentials, as well as the forearm skin distance. The mean and standard deviation of the errors in conduction time and distance were determined. A spreadsheet was constructed, determining the error in NCV for a variety of distances and NCVs. The average conduction time between proximal and distal stimulation was 3.23 ms, with a standard deviation of 0.09 ms. The mean distance measurement was 212.6 +/- 2.1 mm. The errors in NCV were significantly less than previously reported. The experimental error increased as distance decreased, reaching 20% with distances less than 6 cm. The latency error accounted for 71% of the total experimental error, as opposed to 90% in the previous study. With advances in electrodiagnostic equipment, NCV can reasonably be calculated at distances less than 10 cm, perhaps as low as 5-6 cm. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Landau, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Cardiel, Myrna/0000-0002-4515-5036 NR 1 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD MAR PY 2003 VL 27 IS 3 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1002/mus.10297 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 651YP UT WOS:000181351800012 PM 12635124 ER PT J AU Brown, PM Baxter, WT AF Brown, PM Baxter, WT TI Fire history in coast redwood forests of the Mendocino Coast, California SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-FIR; PONDEROSA PINE; PARK AB We reconstructed fire history in old-growth coast redwood stands along an ocean-to-inland gradient in Jackson Demonstration State Forest on the Mendocino Coast in northern California. Fire history was reconstructed for the past two to four centuries using fire scars recorded in tree rings. Surface fires were frequent disturbances in all stands prior to the early twentieth century. Composite mean fire-free intervals aggregated within stands varied from 6 to 20 yr, and point mean fire-free intervals averaged within trees varied from 9 to 20 yr. Fires ceased in the early 20th century coincident with the advent of organized fire suppression efforts beginning in the 1930s. Fire frequency did not vary significantly along the ocean-inland gradient. Although several of the inland stands tended to record shorter intervals between fires, there was high variability among sites. These and analogous fire-scar data from other studies across the range of coast redwood forests suggest that fire frequencies have been underestimated in some past assessments. A principal reason is that fire-scar records on coast redwood trees are difficult to locate because of inadequate preservation compared to other species that experienced surface fires. Cessation of surface fires has resulted in shifts in fuel and forest structure over recent decades, and the fire history reconstructed by this study provides both guidelines and justification for ecological restoration efforts in coast redwood forests of this region. C1 Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Calif Dept Forestry & Fire Protect, Ft Bragg, CA 95437 USA. RP Brown, PM (reprint author), Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res Inc, 2901 Moore Lane, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PI PULLMAN PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 77 IS 2 BP 147 EP 158 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 678XT UT WOS:000182892500008 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S O'Kane, B Stefanik, R Stevens, J Rabin, J Bauer, RM Bower, KS AF Subramanian, S O'Kane, B Stefanik, R Stevens, J Rabin, J Bauer, RM Bower, KS TI Visual performance with night vision goggles after photorefractive keratectomy for myopia SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASCRS Symposium and Congress CY MAY, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP ASCRS ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; EXCIMER-LASER; AVIATORS AB Objective: To evaluate visual performance and resolution through night vision goggles (NVG) before and after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Design: Nonrandomized, comparative (self-control led) trial. Participants: Nineteen patients (38 eyes) of active-duty US Army Special Forces soldiers. Intervention: PRK for myopia and astigmatism. Main Outcome Measures: Visual acuity with best optical correction was measured preoperatively and postoperatively (3 months) using acuity charts of various contrast (100%, 10%, 2.5%, 1.25%). Preoperative and postoperative (3 month) uncorrected and best-corrected visual resolutions through NVGs were assessed using a high contrast tribar chart presented at four light levels (3.44 X 10(-3), 1.08 X 10(-3), 1.04 X 10(-4), 1.09 X 10(-5) foot Lamberts) simulating a range of night sky conditions. Subjects were trained before testing. Results: Uncorrected visual acuity at the 3-month postoperative assessment was greater than or equal to 20/20 in 33 of 38 (86.8%) eyes. No eyes lost 2 or more lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. Preoperative and 3-month postoperative best-corrected low-contrast acuity measurements showed no significant differences at all levels of resolution. Preoperative visual resolution through NVGs decreased systematically with decreasing night sky condition. Visual acuities before PRK were reduced without optical correction. Postoperative visual performance with NVGs (without optical correction) equaled or exceeded performance preoperatively with best correction. Conclusions: This prospective case series provides data on the safety and efficacy of PRK with respect to visual performance under night sky conditions using NVGs. There was no significant loss of visual acuity across a range of contrast levels 3 months postoperatively. There was no change in best-corrected NVG visual resolution postoperatively, whereas uncorrected visual resolution was significantly enhanced compared with preoperative levels. This improvement may translate into better function for soldiers who are unable to or choose not to use optical correction in operational environments. (C) 2003 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), 204 Huron Rd, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. OI Subramanian, Prem/0000-0001-5824-8322 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 110 IS 3 BP 525 EP 530 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(02)01763-3 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 649XK UT WOS:000181233100022 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Devitt, N Halford, C Barnard, KJ AF Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Devitt, N Halford, C Barnard, KJ TI Impact of speckle on laser range-gated shortwave infrared imaging system target identification performance SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE laser range-gated imaging; electro-optics performance modeling ID NOISE AB The U.S. Army and the U.S. Air Force are investigating laser range-gated shortwave IR (LRG-SWIR) imaging systems for use in target identification. When coupled to an electron-bombarded CCD, the imaging system can obtain high-resolution images at long ranges. Speckle, an image artifact inherent in laser-illuminated imaging systems, results from interference patterns caused by the coherent illumination. Laser speckle degrades target identification performance but can be reduced by averaging successive LRG-SWIR images. This research is a first attempt at quantifying target identification performance degradation associated with laser speckle. The research begins with a laboratory experiment to verify a speckle model that includes power spectral density and intensity probability density functions. An LRG-SWIR sensor simulation is developed that includes coherent illumination resulting in speckle target images. A field demonstration is performed to verify the fidelity of the simulation. The simulation is then applied to the U.S. Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) target identification set with various levels of image averaging and blur. Observer performance results are analyzed in terms of target identification probability and the effects of various levels of blur and speckle are characterized. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Univ Memphis, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. USAF, Res Lab, SNJT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Modeling & Simulat Div, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 12 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 738 EP 746 DI 10.1117/1.1543159 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 655ZQ UT WOS:000181583800022 ER PT J AU Cieslak, TJ Henretig, FM AF Cieslak, TJ Henretig, FM TI Bioterrorism SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; ALGORITHMIC APPROACH; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; SMALLPOX C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Poison Control Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cieslak, TJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 3 BP 154 EP 165 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 656BW UT WOS:000181589800004 PM 12661490 ER PT J AU Yu, CE AF Yu, CE TI Medical response to radiation-related terrorism SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT; MARSHALL ISLANDS; THYROID-DISEASE; GOIANIA; CONSEQUENCES; CHILDREN C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Pediat Outpatient Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Yu, CE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 3 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 656BW UT WOS:000181589800005 PM 12661491 ER PT J AU Bothwell, DN Mair, EA Cable, BB AF Bothwell, DN Mair, EA Cable, BB TI Chronic ingestion of a zinc-based penny SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Broncho-Esophagological-Association CY MAY 11-12, 2002 CL BOCA RATON, FLORIDA SP Amer Broncho Esophagol Assoc ID COIN INGESTION; CHLORIDE INGESTION; APPEARANCE; TOXICITY; CHILD C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Pediat Otolaryngol Serv, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2003 VL 111 IS 3 BP 689 EP 691 DI 10.1542/peds.111.3.689 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 650ZD UT WOS:000181294000060 PM 12612262 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME AF Crenshaw, ME TI Microscopic foundation of macroscopic quantum optics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC MEDIA; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD; QUANTIZATION; LIGHT AB A limited equivalence between microscopic and macroscopic quantizations of the electromagnetic field in a dielectric is established. We demonstrate that macroscopic canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field in an idealized absorptionless dielectric is equivalent to microscopic quantization followed by the elimination of the material degrees of freedom in the limit of an adiabatic response of the oscillators averaged over a quantization volume. We demonstrate that a loss of generality and extensibility accompanies the reduction of the full microscopic theory. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 033805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.033805 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 662TX UT WOS:000181965900088 ER PT J AU Thurber, KR Shen, KM Hunt, AW Imai, T Chou, FC AF Thurber, KR Shen, KM Hunt, AW Imai, T Chou, FC TI O-17 NMR study of the local charge state in the hole-doped Cu2O3 two-leg spin-ladder A(14)Cu(24)O(41) (A(14)=La6Ca8, Sr-14, Sr11Ca3, Sr6Ca8) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADIENTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY MEASUREMENTS; CU-OXIDES; SR14CU24O41; DYNAMICS; SR14-XCAXCU24O41; SPECTROSCOPY; YBA2CU3O7; NUCLEI; CHAINS AB NMR measurements of the O-17 nuclear quadrupole interactions (17)nu(Q) show that the charge environment of the S = 1/2 Cu2O3 two-leg spin-ladder layer of hole-doped A(14)Cu(24)O(41) changes dramatically above a certain temperature T*. This temperature T* decreases with additional doping and is correlated with the magnetic crossover from the spin gap regime to the paramagnetic regime. We demonstrate that these changes in (17)nu(Q) are consistent with an increase in the effective hole concentration in the Cu2O3 two-leg ladder above T*. The effective hole concentration increases primarily in the oxygen 2psigma orbitals. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Thurber, KR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008 NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094512 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300115 ER PT J AU Brennan, JK Dong, W AF Brennan, JK Dong, W TI Molecular simulation of the vapor-liquid phase behavior of Lennard-Jones mixtures in porous solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; GIBBS ENSEMBLE; EQUILIBRIUM AB We present vapor-liquid phase coexistence curves for binary fluid mixtures in a disordered porous solid. The porous material is modeled as a collection of randomly dispersed hard spheres. A variant of the Monte Carlo Gibbs ensemble method [J. K. Brennan and W. Dong, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8948 (2002)] is used to simulate Lennard-Jones fluid mixtures at several porosities: 0.9, 0.95, and 0.975. Effects based on the size and the energetics of the mixture components are studied. Pressure-composition and pressure-density phase diagrams at reduced temperatures of 0.75 and 1.0 are reported. Compared to the bulk fluid behavior, dramatic shifts in the phase envelope were found for even highly porous structures. Both the Lennard-Jones size and energy mixture parameters were found to strongly influence the resulting shape of the phase envelope. C1 Inst Rech Catalyse, CNRS, Grp Chim Theor, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Grp Chim Theor, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. RP Brennan, JK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jbrennan@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 031503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.031503 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TA UT WOS:000182020700027 PM 12689069 ER PT J AU Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Sibilia, C Mattiucci, N Bertolotti, M AF Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Sibilia, C Mattiucci, N Bertolotti, M TI Dynamics of counterpropagating pulses in photonic crystals: Enhancement and suppression of stimulated emission processes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP STRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURES; FINITE; RATES; EDGE AB Using numerical methods, we study the propagation of counterpropagating pulses in finite photonic crystals. We show that linear interference and localization effects combine to either enhance or suppress stimulated emission processes, depending on the initial phase difference between the input pulses. We consider the example of second harmonic generation, where we find a maximum contrast of three orders of magnitude in nonlinear conversion efficiency as a function of the input phase difference between incident pulses. We interpret these results by viewing the photonic crystal as an open cavity, with a field-dependent, electromagnetic density of modes sensitive to initial and boundary conditions. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Weapons Sci Directorate, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Centini, M (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036617 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.036617 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900071 PM 12689189 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of morphine, codeine, and their derivatives: Theory and clinical reality, part I SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID CANCER-PATIENTS; P-GLYCOPROTEIN; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE; INTERACTIONS UPDATE; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; MORPHINE-6-GLUCURONIDE; GLUCURONIDATION; HYDROMORPHONE; METABOLITES; HYDROMORPHONE-3-GLUCURONIDE AB Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with morphine, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone are reviewed in this column. Morphine is a naturally occurring opiate that is metabolized chiefly through glucuronidation by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) enzymes in the liver. These enzymes produce an active analgesic metabolite and a potentially toxic metabolite. In vivo drug-drug interaction studies with morphine are few, but they do suggest that inhibition or induction of UGT enzymes could alter morphine and its metabolite levels. These interactions could change analgesic efficacy. Hydromorphone and oxymorphone, close synthetic derivatives of morphine, are also metabolized primarily by UGT enzymes. Hydromorphone may have a toxic metabolite similar to morphine. In vivo drug-drug interaction studies with, hydromorphone and oxymorphone have not been done, so it is difficult to make conclusions with these drugs. C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. NR 34 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 44 IS 2 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.44.2.167 PG 5 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 649CD UT WOS:000181188600069 PM 12618536 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Abdi, S AF Cohen, SP Abdi, S TI Lateral branch blocks as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain: A pilot study SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Joint World Congress of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2002 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN DE injection; low back pain; radiofrequency; sacroiliac joint ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; LUMBAR FACET DENERVATION; RADIOFREQUENCY NEUROTOMY; EFFICACY; INJECTIONS AB Background and objectives: Pain arising from the sacroiliac (SI) joint is a common cause of low back pain for which there is no universally accepted, long-term treatment. Previous studies have shown radiofrequency (RF) procedures to be an effective treatment for other types of spinal pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of reducing SI joint pain by percutaneous RF lesioning of the nerves innervating the SI joint. Methods: Eighteen patients with confirmed SI joint pain underwent nerve blocks of the L4- 5 primary dorsal rami and S1-3 lateral branches innervating the affected joint. Those who obtained 50% or greater pain relief from these blocks proceeded to undergo RF denervation of the nerves. Results: Thirteen of 18 patients who underwent L4-5 dorsal rami and S1-3 lateral branch blocks (LBB) obtained significant pain relief, with 2 patients reporting prolonged benefit. At their next visit, 9 patients who experienced >50% pain relief underwent RF lesioning of the nerves. Eight of 9 patients (89%) obtained greater than or equal to50% pain relief from this procedure that persisted at their 9-month follow-up. Conclusions: In patients with SI joint pain who respond to L4-5 dorsal rami and S1-3 LBB, RF denervation of these nerves appears to be an effective treatment. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to further evaluate this procedure. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2003,-28:113-119. C1 NYU, Pain Management Ctr, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Pain Ctr,Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Boston, MA USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), NYU, Pain Management Ctr, Sch Med, 317 E 34th St,9th Fl, New York, NY 10016 USA. NR 26 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1098-7339 J9 REGION ANESTH PAIN M JI Region. Anesth. Pain Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1053/rapm.2003.50029 PG 7 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 664GF UT WOS:000182052800008 PM 12677621 ER PT J AU Fielitz, L Scott, D AF Fielitz, L Scott, D TI Prediction of physical performance using data mining SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 1 SU S BP A25 EP A25 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 657MH UT WOS:000181670600067 ER PT J AU Liu, LM Ward, JA Dubick, MA AF Liu, LM Ward, JA Dubick, MA TI Hemorrhage-induced vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine in select vasculatures of rats and the roles of nitric oxide and endothelin SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE vascular reactivity; blood flow; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; endothelin receptor antagonist ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; RESISTANCE ARTERIES; L-ARGININE; SHOCK; REACTIVITY; INJURY; INHIBITION; IMPROVES; SEPSIS; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION AB Hemorrhage-induced vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine (NE) and the possible effector roles of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) were investigated in different vascular beds of rats. Under urethane anesthesia, rats (n = 7 per group) were hemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 50 mm Hg for 60 min. A group of rats was pretreated with either NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10 mg/kg), an NO synthase inhibitor, or PD142893 (0.1 mg/kg), an ET receptor antagonist 15 min before the end of the hypotensive period. Operated, euvolemic rats served as controls. The responses of MAP and the blood flow of the superior mesenteric (SMA), celiac (CA), left renal (LRA), and left femoral arteries (LFA) to NE (3 mug/kg, i.v.) were measured at baseline (prehemorrhage), at the end of the hypotensive period (0 h), and at 1, 2, and 4 h after the end of the hypotensive period. The pressor responses to NE on MAP at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h in the 60-min hemorrhage groups were reduced to 45.9%, 37.8%, 29.2%, 18.4% of baseline pressor response, respectively. At these same times, the fall in blood flow in response to NE in SMA, CA, LRA, and LFA was significantly blunted (P < 0.01). This loss of responsiveness in CA and LFA was more severe than in SMA and LRA (P < 0.05-P < 0.01). Pretreatment with L-NAME or PD142893 significantly improved the pressor response of MAP and the blood flow responses of the four arteries to NE (P < 0.01). Hypotension at 50 mm Hg for 60 min resulted in an apparent loss of vascular reactivity to NE, and the four vasculatures studies were not affected to the same extent. In addition, NO and ET appear to contribute to the loss of vascular reactivity in different vasculatures in hemorrhagic shock. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 35 TC 69 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 208 EP 214 DI 10.1097/01.shk.000055727.69501.36 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 648UG UT WOS:000181168500003 PM 12630519 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Restrepo, E West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Restrepo, E West, BJ TI Seasonality of birth and conception to teenagers in Texas SO SOCIAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOCIOECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; DEVELOPED-COUNTRIES; SEXUAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; CHILDBEARING; MOTHERS; TRENDS AB We study the births to teenagers during the years 1964-2000 and analyze separately the three main racial/ethnic groups in Texas (White, Hispanic, and African American), as well as married and unmarried teens during the years 1994-2000. By using traditional statistical methods of analysis and a filter based on the multiresolution wavelet analysis, we draw inferences about the times of the year when adolescent females of different racial/ethnic and marital groups have the highest probability for pregnancy ending in live birth. Multiple factors influencing teen pregnancy are identified and associated with temporal features of social, cultural, educational, and familial processes. In particular, we detect links between unmarried teen conception times and school terms, and weekly birth patterns associated with scheduled c-sections that differ according to racial/ethnic groups. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Texas Hlth Resources, Arlington, TX 76011 USA. Texas Womans Univ, Coll Nursing, Denton, TX 76204 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY SOCIAL BIOLOGY PI PORT ANGELES PA P O BOX 2349, PORT ANGELES, WA 98362 USA SN 0037-766X J9 SOC BIOL JI Soc. Biol. PD SPR-SUM PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 22 PG 22 WC Demography; Social Sciences, Biomedical; Sociology SC Demography; Biomedical Social Sciences; Sociology GA 858YI UT WOS:000224228400001 PM 15510535 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Li-ion cell with poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate)-based gel polymer electrolyte SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate); LiBF4; gamma-butyrolactone; gel polymer electrolyte; low temperature performance; Li-ion battery ID ACRYLONITRILE-METHYL METHACRYLATE; ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; POLYACRYLONITRILE; BATTERIES; CONDUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; CARBONATE AB Poly(acrylonittile-methyl methacrylate) (AMMA) plasticized with 1 in LiBF4 dissolved in gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) liquid electrolyte was studied as a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) of Li-ion cell. Typically, a GPE composed of 12 wt.% AMMA and 88 wt.% liquid electrolyte has an ionic conductivity of 3.9 mS/cm at 20 degreesC and 1.1 mS/cm at -30 degreesC. Results of cyclic voltammetry showed that such a GPE is electrochemically stable to withstand the normal operation of a Li-ion cell. With this GPE, Li/graphite and Li/cathode half-cells presented 89% and 80%, respectively, of Coulombic efficiency (CE), in the first cycle and approached to unity in the following cycles. For graphite/GPE/cathode Li-ion cell, its initial CE was 82%, being close to the lower one of either half-cell. Due partially to high ionic conductivity of the GPE, the Li-ion cell can be reversibly cycled in a wide temperature range. In particular, the Li-ion cell retained as high as 66% of discharge capacity even at - 30 degreesC, as compared to that obtained at 20 degreesC, when it was cycled at 0.5 mA/cm(2) (similar to 0.5 degreesC) between 2.5 and 4.2 V. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 19 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 158 IS 3-4 BP 375 EP 380 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00914-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 654EW UT WOS:000181482100020 ER PT J AU Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Kay, JG AF Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Kay, JG TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of di-vinyl sulfone SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE infrared spectroscopy; computational chemistry; vibrational frequencies; optimized geometry; di-vinyl sulfone ID SPECTROSCOPY AB We present a detailed analysis of the structure and infrared spectra of di-vinyl sulfone. The vibrational frequencies of the di-vinyl sulfone molecule were analyzed using standard quantum chemical techniques. Frequencies were calculated at the MP2 and DFT levels of theory using the standard 6-311G* basis set. The structural transformation of the chemical agent bis(2-chloroehtyl) sulfide (HD, mustard gas) and the related symmetry to a previously study compounds [Spectrochim. Acta Part A 55 (1999) 121; Spectrochim. Acta Part A 57 (2001) 2417] makes the symmetry of the di-vinyl sulfone molecule an interesting candidate for study. The molecule exists normally in a C-2 configuration. High-energy forms of di-vinyl sulfone with C-S and C-1 symmetries also exist. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ellzy, MW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 59 IS 4 BP 867 EP 881 AR PII S1386-1425(02)00239-1 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00239-1 PG 15 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 655UB UT WOS:000181570100025 PM 12609637 ER PT J AU Person, DA Hedson, JS Gunawardane, KJ AF Person, DA Hedson, JS Gunawardane, KJ TI Telemedicine success in the United States associated Pacific Islands (USAPI): Two illustrative cases SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article AB A simple technical solution to a difficult situation serves as a model for telemedicine in the developing world of the Pacific Rim. Reported here are two cases involving little girls who accidentally suffered broken legs and how they were helped. The first, a 6-year-old from Kolonia, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia, fell out of a second story window and broke her left leg. The second, a 5-year-old girl from Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands, was hit by an automobile and suffered a fracture of her left leg. These two cases illustrate the utility of simple-store-and-forward telemedicine technology in distance consultation, referral, and education. C1 USA, Med Corps, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Pohnpei State Hosp, Kolonia, Pohnpei State, Micronesia. Majuro Hosp, Majuro, Marshall Island. Minist Hlth & Environm, Majuro, Marshall Island. RP Person, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD SPR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1089/153056203763317701 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 655KL UT WOS:000181550900012 PM 12699613 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV Winterhalter, C Schutz, HG AF Cardello, AV Winterhalter, C Schutz, HG TI Predicting the handle and comfort of military clothing fabrics from sensory and instrumental data: Development and application of new psychophysical methods SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MAGNITUDE; SCALE; PERCEPTION; SENSATIONS; SOFTNESS AB Sensory and instrumental fabric characteristics that contribute to military clothing comfort are analyzed in a series of studies. A standardized hand evaluation methodology is checked for its sensitivity and reliability and used to characterize thirteen military fabrics. A labeled magnitude scale of comfort is developed using consumer magnitude estimates of the semantic meaning of verbal phrases denoting different levels of comfort/ discomfort. The sensitivity and reliability of this "CALM" scale is assessed in two studies, and the scale is then used by consumers to rate the handle and comfort of the thirteen test fabrics. The descriptive sensory data and comfort data are combined with Kawabata data obtained on a subset of the fabrics, and the data are analyzed with a principal components analysis. Multiple regression analyses are performed using the component scores to predict consumer comfort from the sensory and instrumental data. The results show a high degree of predictability of comfort responses from a combination of sensory and Kawabata parameters. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Consumer Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 57 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 9 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 73 IS 3 BP 221 EP 237 DI 10.1177/004051750307300306 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 655ZC UT WOS:000181582500006 ER PT J AU Kan, RK Pleva, CM Hamilton, TA Anderson, DR Petrali, JP AF Kan, RK Pleva, CM Hamilton, TA Anderson, DR Petrali, JP TI Sulfur mustard-induced apoptosis in hairless guinea pig skin SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; apoptosis; hairless guinea pigs; skin; basal cells; microvesicles ID HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; IN-VITRO; NECROSIS; P53; DIFFERENTIATION; TOXICOLOGY; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; RECEPTORS; CULTURES AB The present study was aimed to examine whether apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of sulfur mustard (SM)-induced basal cell death. Skin sites of the hairless guinea pig exposed to SM vapor for 8 minutes were harvested at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postexposure. Immunohistochemical detection of basal cell apoptosis was performed using the ApopTag in situ apoptosis labeling kit. Only occasional apoptotic basal cells (BC) were observed in nonexposed and perilesional control sites. At lesional sites, apoptosis of BC was not detected at 3 hours postexposure. However, at 6 hours and 12 hours postexposure, 18% and 59% of BC were apoptotic, respectively. At 24 and 48 hours postexposure, individual apoptotic basal cells were not clearly recognizable due to necrosis. At the ultrastructural level, degenerating BC exhibited typical apoptotic morphology including nuclear condensation and chromatin margination. The results suggest that apoptotic cell death is a cytotoxic mechanism with the number of BC undergoing apoptosis significantly increasing from 6 to 12 hours postexposure. In addition, because necrosis is preferential at 24 hours postexposure, we believe that SM-induced cell death involves early apoptosis and late necrosis, which temporally overlap to produce a single cell death pathway along an apoptotic-necrotic continuum. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Comparat Pathol Branch, Div Comparat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kan, RK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Comparat Pathol Branch, Div Comparat Med, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1080/01926230390183661 PG 6 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 648XC UT WOS:000181175500003 PM 12696578 ER PT J AU Strickland, JA Stokes, WS Casati, S Paris, MW Worth, AP Raabe, H Cao, C Clothier, R Harbell, J Curren, R Haseman, J Tice, RR AF Strickland, JA Stokes, WS Casati, S Paris, MW Worth, AP Raabe, H Cao, C Clothier, R Harbell, J Curren, R Haseman, J Tice, RR TI Design of a validation study to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity assays for predicting rodent and human acute systemic toxicity. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 ILS Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NIEHS, NICEATM, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. JRC, ECVAM, Ispra, Italy. IIVS Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 761 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500766 ER PT J AU Hulet, S Crosier, RB Sommerville, DR Benton, BJ Forster, JS Manthei, JH Miller, DB Scotto, JA Way, RA Muse, WT Crouse, CL Matson, KL Thomson, SA Mioduszewski, RJ AF Hulet, S Crosier, RB Sommerville, DR Benton, BJ Forster, JS Manthei, JH Miller, DB Scotto, JA Way, RA Muse, WT Crouse, CL Matson, KL Thomson, SA Mioduszewski, RJ TI Inhalation toxicity of sarin (GB) vapor in the gottingen minipig: Low-level threshold effects. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 US Army SBCCOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 771 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500777 ER PT J AU Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R AF Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for sulfur mustard (Agent HD). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 776 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500782 ER PT J AU Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K AF Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USAF, AFIERA, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Environm Hlth & Toxicol, Corvallis, OR USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 775 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500781 ER PT J AU Meyer, SA Marchand, AJ Hight, JL MacMillan, DK AF Meyer, SA Marchand, AJ Hight, JL MacMillan, DK TI Acute oral toxicity of nitroso degradation products of hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazine (RDX). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Univ Louisiana, Monroe, LA USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 780 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500786 ER PT J AU Sommerville, DR AF Sommerville, DR TI Relationship between the dose-response curves for lethality and severe effects for chemical warfare nerve agents. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Edgewood CB Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 782 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500788 ER PT J AU Babin, MC Gazaway, MY Kiser, RC Koplovitz, I Krogel, N Mitcheltree, LW Moore, DM Niemuth, NA Ricketts, KM Skvorak, K Sweeney, RE Casillas, RP AF Babin, MC Gazaway, MY Kiser, RC Koplovitz, I Krogel, N Mitcheltree, LW Moore, DM Niemuth, NA Ricketts, KM Skvorak, K Sweeney, RE Casillas, RP TI A 7-day mouse model to assess protection from sulfur mustard (SM) skin injury. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 787 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500793 ER PT J AU Casillas, RR Hobson, ST Kiser, RC Smithson, D Boeckers, J Babin, MC AF Casillas, RR Hobson, ST Kiser, RC Smithson, D Boeckers, J Babin, MC TI Further evidence that vanilloids modulate cutaneous sulfur mustard injury in vivo. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 793 BP 163 EP 164 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500799 ER PT J AU Sabourin, CL Stonerock, ML Niemuth, NA Kiser, RC Casbohm, SL Casillas, RP Babin, MC Schlager, JC AF Sabourin, CL Stonerock, ML Niemuth, NA Kiser, RC Casbohm, SL Casillas, RP Babin, MC Schlager, JC TI Modulation of cytokine gene expression by anti-inflammatory agents following in vivo sulfur mustard injury. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 789 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500795 ER PT J AU Schlager, J Choi, YW Kiser, RC Casillas, RP Babin, MC Sabourin, CL AF Schlager, J Choi, YW Kiser, RC Casillas, RP Babin, MC Sabourin, CL TI Temporal and dose analysis of murine gene expression by microarray during cutaneous sulfur mustard injury. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Med Res & Evaluat Facil, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 790 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500796 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Philips, C Moran, T Hess, Z Schlager, J AF Sciuto, AM Philips, C Moran, T Hess, Z Schlager, J TI Temporal transcriptional changes in rat lung tissue following an intravenous exposure to sulfur mustard (SM). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 792 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500798 ER PT J AU Sekowski, JW Bucher, JR Menking, D Valdes, JJ Mioduszewski, R Thomson, S Whalley, CE Vahey, M Nau, M AF Sekowski, JW Bucher, JR Menking, D Valdes, JJ Mioduszewski, R Thomson, S Whalley, CE Vahey, M Nau, M TI Gene expression changes following lowlevel exposure to sarin (GB) vapor. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, WRAIR, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 791 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500797 ER PT J AU Baskin, SI Kurche, JS Petrokovics, I James, WL AF Baskin, SI Kurche, JS Petrokovics, I James, WL TI Analysis of 2-iminothlazolidine-4 carboxylic acid (ITCA) as a method for cyanide measurement. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 794 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500800 ER PT J AU Snider, TH Hayes, TL Jarvis, RJ Matthews, MC Liu, DK AF Snider, TH Hayes, TL Jarvis, RJ Matthews, MC Liu, DK TI Assessment of RSDL as a decontaminant against sulfur mustard and VX. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Mat Dev Activ, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 797 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500803 ER PT J AU Ayyagari, VN Januszkiewicz, A Nath, J AF Ayyagari, VN Januszkiewicz, A Nath, J TI Mechanisms of nitrogen dioxide-mediated cytotoxicity. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 922 BP 190 EP 190 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500928 ER PT J AU Shipp, BK Kaphalia, L Atchison, CR Pohl, LR Aronson, JF Moslen, MT AF Shipp, BK Kaphalia, L Atchison, CR Pohl, LR Aronson, JF Moslen, MT TI Levamisole attenuates diclofenac-induced enteropathy in rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Gradient Corp, Cambridge, MD USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 984 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500990 ER PT J AU Gu, Z Januszkiewicz, AJ AF Gu, Z Januszkiewicz, AJ TI Elimination of carbon monoxide in awake rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1441 BP 297 EP 297 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501447 ER PT J AU Wilson, BW Henderson, JD Arrieta, DE McCurdy, SA Reitstetter, R AF Wilson, BW Henderson, JD Arrieta, DE McCurdy, SA Reitstetter, R TI Conversion of delta pH and Ellman values for cholinesterases. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1489 BP 306 EP 307 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501495 ER PT J AU Houpt, JT Reddy, G Crouse, LC AF Houpt, JT Reddy, G Crouse, LC TI Developmental toxicity of thiodiglycol in rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxic Evaluat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1654 BP 341 EP 341 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501661 ER PT J AU Reddy, G Allen, NA Major, MA AF Reddy, G Allen, NA Major, MA TI Absorption of 14C-RDX from soils through human SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1850 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501857 ER PT J AU Reifenrath, W Reddy, G Major, M Leach, G AF Reifenrath, W Reddy, G Major, M Leach, G TI The influence of storage time and artificial sweat on the ercutaneous absorption of explosives from soils. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Stratacor Inc, Richmond, CA USA. US Army, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1847 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501854 ER PT J AU Bannon, DI Bressler, JP Abounader, R Lees, PS AF Bannon, DI Bressler, JP Abounader, R Lees, PS TI Effect of DMT1 knockdown on iron, cadmium, and lead uptake in Caco-2 cells. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Edgewood, MD USA. Kennedy Krieger Inst, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1949 BP 402 EP 402 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501956 ER PT J AU Adams, SR Adams, GL Parsons, GR AF Adams, SR Adams, GL Parsons, GR TI Critical swimming speed and behavior of juvenile shovelnose sturgeon and pallid sturgeon SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS; ACIPENSER-FULVESCENS; LAKE STURGEON; FISHES AB The swimming performance of hatchery-reared, juvenile shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and pallid sturgeon S. albus was studied in a laboratory swim tunnel at 20degreesC and 10degreesC. The mean 30-min critical swimming speed was not significantly different between species at either temperature (36.9 cm/s for shovelnose sturgeon and 35.9 cm/s for pallid Sturgeon at 20degreesC, 19.4 cm/s for shovelnose sturgeon and 15.0 cm/s for pallid sturgeon at 10degreesC). Free swimming (swimming without contact with the substrate) was observed less than 18% of the time at speeds greater than 15 cm/s. As speed increased, pallid sturgeon swam significantly less in the water column at 20degreesC; however, speed had no effect on percent free swimming among shovelnose sturgeon at 20degreesC. The results of this study indicate that, over the temperature find size range tested, shovelnose sturgeon and pallid sturgeon probably do not segregate in rivers due to different swimming or station-holding abilities. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, ER A, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM adamsr@siu.edu NR 24 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 132 IS 2 BP 392 EP 397 DI 10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0392:CSSABO>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 658QX UT WOS:000181732900019 ER PT J AU Gancarczyk, KJ Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Moul, JW AF Gancarczyk, KJ Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Moul, JW TI Using the percentage of biopsy cores positive for cancer, pretreatment PSA, and highest biopsy Gleason sum to predict pathologic stage after radical prostatectomy: The center for prostate disease research nomograms SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIGEN; MEN; COMBINATION; VALIDATION; SPECIMENS; INCREASE; SCORE AB Objectives. To develop probability nomograms to predict pathologic outcome at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) on the basis of established prognostic factors and prostate biopsy quantitative histology. Methods. Using information from the database of the Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR), univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on 1510 men who had undergone transrectal ultrasound and biopsy for diagnosis and had radical prostatectomy as primary therapy, with variables of age, race, clinical stage, pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA), biopsy Gleason sum, and percentage of biopsy cores positive for cancer (total number of cores positive for cancer divided by the total number of cores obtained). The percentages of biopsy cores positive were grouped as less than 30%, 30% to 59%, and greater than or equal to 60%. The three most significant variables were used to develop probability nomograms for pathologic stage. Results. PSA, biopsy Gleason sum, and percentage of cores positive were the three most significant independent predictors of pathologic stage. The assigned percentage of biopsy core-positive subgroups along with pretreatment PSA and highest Gleason sum were used to develop probability nomograms for pathologic stage. Conclusions. Pretreatment PSA, highest biopsy Gleason sum, and the percentage of cores positive for cancer are the most significant predictors for pathologic stage after radical prostatectomy. On the basis of these findings, CPDR probability nomograms were developed to predict pathologic outcome at the time of RP. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Augusta, GA USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 31 TC 55 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 589 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0090-4925(02)02287-2 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 662CJ UT WOS:000181928200024 PM 12639653 ER PT J AU Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW AF Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW TI Limited value of bone scintigraphy and computed tomography in assessing biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOCAL RECURRENCE; CANCER; ANTIGEN; SCAN; PROGRESSION AB Objectives. To define the utility of bone scan and computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the Center for Prostate Disease Research database was undertaken to identify patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1989 and 1998. Patients who developed biochemical recurrence (two prostate-specific antigen [PSA] levels greater than 0.2 ng/mL) and underwent either bone scan or CT within 3 years of this recurrence were selected for analysis. The preoperative clinical parameters, pathologic findings, serum PSA levels, follow-up data, and radiographic results were reviewed. Results. One hundred thirty-two patients with biochemical recurrence and a bone scan or CT scan were identified. Of the 127 bone scans, 12 (9.4%) were positive. The patients with true-positive bone scans had an average PSA at the time of the bone scan of 61.3 +/- 71.2 ng/mL (range 1.3 to 123). Their PSA velocities, calculated from the PSA levels determined immediately before the radiographic studies, averaged 22.1 +/- 24.7 ng/mL/mo (range 0.14 to 60.0). Only 2 patients with a positive bone scan had a PSA velocity of less than 0.5 ng/mL/mo. Of the 86 CT scans, 12 (14.0%) were positive. On logistic regression analysis, PSA and PSA velocity predicted the bone scan result (P <0.001 each) and PSA velocity predicted the CT scan result (P = 0.047). Conclusions. Patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy have a low probability of a positive bone scan (9.4%) or a positive CT scan (14.0%) within 3 years of biochemical recurrence. Most patients with a positive bone scan have a high PSA level and a high PSA velocity (greater than 0.5 ng/mL/mo). Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 4150 Clement St 112F, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 22 TC 108 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 607 EP 611 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02411-1 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 662CJ UT WOS:000181928200027 PM 12639656 ER PT J AU Wing, SL Askew, EW Luetkemeier, MJ Ryujin, DT Kamimori, GH Grissom, CK AF Wing, SL Askew, EW Luetkemeier, MJ Ryujin, DT Kamimori, GH Grissom, CK TI Lack of effect of Rhodiola or oxygenated water supplementation on hypoxemia and oxidative stress SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Wilderness-Medical-Society CY AUG 07-11, 2001 CL WHISTLER, CANADA SP Wildrness Med Soc DE hypoxia; altitude; oxidative stress; free radicals; Rhodiola; oxygenated water; lipid hydroperoxides; malondialdehyde ID HYPOXIC CONDITIONS; PERFORMANCE; ALTITUDE; PERIOD AB Objective.-This study investigated the effects of 2 potentially "oxygen promoting" dietary supplements on hypoxia and oxidative stress at a simulated altitude of 4600 m. Methods.-Fifteen volunteers (ages 20-33) received 3 separate 60-minute hypoxic exposures by breathing 13.6% oxygen at an ambient barometric pressure of 633 mm Hg (simulating the partial pressure of oxygen at 4600 m elevation). Each subject received, in random order, treatments of a 7-day supply of placebo, Rhodiola rosea, and an acute dose of stabilized oxygen dissolved in water. Arterialized capillary blood oxygen samples (PcO2) were measured at baseline and at 30 and 60 minutes of exposure. Pulse oximeter oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO(2)) was measured at baseline and at every 10 minutes of hypoxic exposure. Oxidative stress markers measured included baseline and 60-minute exposure serum lipid peroxides (LPO) and urine malondialdehyde (MDA). Results.-For each treatment group, PcO2 decreased by approximately 38% from baseline to 60-minute hypoxic exposure. Similarly, SaO(2) also decreased among groups from approximately 97 to 81%. Serum lipid peroxides increased significantly in the placebo group and decreased significantly from baseline in response to the stabilized oxygen treatment (P = .02); there was a trend for decreased LPO with the Rhodiola treatment (P = .10). There were no significant changes for MDA among groups. Conclusions.-The 2 dietary supplements investigated did not have a significant effect on blood oxygenation after 60 minutes of sedentary hypoxic exposure. Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress was observed in the control group only. Both supplements appeared not to increase oxidative stress and may decrease free radical formation after hypoxic exposure compared with the control. C1 Univ Utah, Div Foods & Nutr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Latter Day St Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT 84143 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Askew, EW (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Foods & Nutr, 250 South 1850 East,HPR N-239, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 37 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 1 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2003)014[0009:LOEORO]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 656ZJ UT WOS:000181640700002 PM 12659243 ER PT J AU Bautista, L Taylor, AJ Atwood, JE O'Malley, PG AF Bautista, L Taylor, AJ Atwood, JE O'Malley, PG TI Association between C-reactive protein and hypertension among low cardiovascular risk subjects SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention CY MAR 05-08, 2003 CL MIAMI, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 7 MA P70 BP E7023 EP E7023 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 653GX UT WOS:000181427800151 ER PT J AU Marshall, D Jackson, HM Vernalis, M Walizer, E Arthur, C Northrup, G Kashani, M Darst, T Turner, E Walker, M Greene, R Gadhia-Smith, A Sundstrom, S AF Marshall, D Jackson, HM Vernalis, M Walizer, E Arthur, C Northrup, G Kashani, M Darst, T Turner, E Walker, M Greene, R Gadhia-Smith, A Sundstrom, S TI Early efficacy of intensive lifestyle change in patients with or at risk for coronary artery disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention CY MAR 05-08, 2003 CL MIAMI, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 7 MA P118 BP E7033 EP E7033 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 653GX UT WOS:000181427800199 ER PT J AU Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL AF Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL TI Electroreflectance of hexagonal gallium nitride at the fundamental and E-1 spectral regions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAN EPITAXIAL LAYERS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; WURTZITE GAN; INTERBAND-TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PHOTOREFLECTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING AB We have measured the room-temperature electroreflectance (ER) of hexagonal gallium nitride. Our measurements were obtained at the fundamental optical gap and at the E-1 critical point regions. The measurements were performed using front contact ER. In the fundamental region, the ER spectra were found to be of excitonic nature and in the low field regime. In the E-1 region, the ER spectra were also in the low field regime, but were fitted with two-dimensional critical points. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Al-Kuhaili, MF (reprint author), King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. RI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/B-5965-2015 OI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/0000-0001-5453-7645 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1203 EP 1205 DI 10.1063/1.1556964 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000021 ER PT J AU Constantine, CA Mello, SV Dupont, A Cao, XH Santos, D Oliveira, ON Strixino, FT Pereira, EC Cheng, TC Defrank, JJ Leblanc, RM AF Constantine, CA Mello, SV Dupont, A Cao, XH Santos, D Oliveira, ON Strixino, FT Pereira, EC Cheng, TC Defrank, JJ Leblanc, RM TI Layer-by-layer self-assembled chitosan/poly(thiophene-3-acetic acid) and organophosphorus hydrolase multilayers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COVALENT BINDING; POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL); ENZYME; IMMOBILIZATION; FILMS; PESTICIDES; ADSORPTION; BIOSENSOR; SUPPORTS; SURFACES AB The aim of this study is to immobilize an enzyme, namely, organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH), and to detect the presence of paraoxon, which is an organophosphorus compound, using the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique. To lift the OPH from the solid substrate, a pair of polyelectrolytes (positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged poly(thiophene-3-acetic acid) (PTAA)) were combined. These species were made charged by altering the pH of the solutions. LbL involved alternate adsorption of the oppositely charged polyions from dilute aqueous solutions onto a hydrophilic quartz slide. This polyion cushion was held together by the electrostatic attraction between CS and PTAA. The growing process was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. OPH was then adsorbed onto the five-bilayer CS/PTAA system. This five-bilayer macromolecular structure compared to the solid substrate rendered stability to the enzyme by giving functional integrity in addition to the ability to react with paraoxon solutions. The ultimate goal is to use such a system to detect the presence of organophosphorus compounds with speed and sensitivity using the absorption and fluorescence detection methodologies. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, IFSC, Sao Paulo, Brazil. UFSC, CMDMC, Dept Chem, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Biotechnol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Leblanc, RM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, 1301 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. RI Oliveira, Osvaldo/A-1714-2008; Strixino, Francisco/E-8000-2010; Pereira, Ernesto/A-8576-2011; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI Oliveira, Osvaldo/0000-0002-5399-5860; Strixino, Francisco/0000-0002-0990-0270; Pereira, Ernesto/0000-0003-1058-302X; NR 51 TC 131 Z9 136 U1 2 U2 62 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 7 BP 1805 EP 1809 DI 10.1021/ja028691h PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 647HU UT WOS:000181088000030 PM 12580606 ER PT J AU Lee, YW Stanish, I Rastogi, V Cheng, TC Singh, A AF Lee, YW Stanish, I Rastogi, V Cheng, TC Singh, A TI Sustained enzyme activity of organophosphorus hydrolase in polymer encased multilayer assemblies SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LAYER-BY-LAYER; ULTRATHIN FILMS; POLYELECTROLYTES; IMMOBILIZATION; DEPOSITION; HYDROLYSIS; PESTICIDES; CAPSULES; PROTEINS; SENSORS AB Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH), immobilized within polyelectrolyte multilayers deposited on glass beads (30-50 mum), showed sustained catalytic activity under ambient conditions for several months. OPH multilayers consist of two priming layers, branched poly(ethylene imine) (BPEI) and polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), followed by five alternating layers of BPEI and OPH. OPH multilayers coated on glass beads demonstrate catalytic activity similar to that of free enzyme, but over a much larger time scale (i.e., months vs hours). Stability of OPH multilayers coated on glass beads were also evaluated after depositing poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as an outer priming layer for monomer assembly via electrostatic interactions. Three polymerizable monomers, 1,2-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate (DHPM), 1,2-dihydroxypropyl 4-vinylbenzyl ether (DHPVB), and N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSED), were anchored to the outer PAA layer and subsequently polymerized by UV irradiation or base-catalyzed hydrolysis. Polymerized DHPVB and TMSED rendered robust multilayer systems without affecting OPH activity. In aqueous sodium chloride (2 M for 2 h), OPH multilayers stabilized with an outer coating of TMSED remained 27% active as opposed to 0% activity for uncapped systems. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Singh, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6930,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1330 EP 1336 DI 10.1021/la0263065 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 646CR UT WOS:000181017700052 ER PT J AU Henderson, D Vaughan, DE Jacobson, SH Wakefield, RR Sewell, EC AF Henderson, D Vaughan, DE Jacobson, SH Wakefield, RR Sewell, EC TI Solving the shortest route cut and fill problem using simulated annealing SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE heuristics; simulated annealing; traveling salesman problem; local search algorithms; shortest route problem ID TRAVELING-SALESMAN PROBLEM; ALGORITHMS AB This paper introduces the shortest route cut and fill problem (SRCFP). The SRCFP is a NP-hard discrete optimization problem for leveling a construction project site, where the objective is to find it vehicle route that minimizes the total distance traveled by a single earthmoving vehicle between cut and fill locations. An optimal vehicle route is a route that minimizes the total haul distance that a single earthmoving vehicle travels. Simulated annealing algorithms are formulated to address the SRCFP. To assess the effectiveness of simulated annealing on the SRCFP. it greedy algorithm is constructed to compute an upper bound and the Held-Karp 1-tree lower bound is used to compute a lower bound. Extensive computational results are reported using several randomly generated instances of the SRCFP. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Coll Architecture & Urban Studies, Dept Bldg Construct, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. RP Jacobson, SH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 226 Mech Engn Bldg,MC-244,1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. OI Jacobson, Sheldon/0000-0002-9042-8750 NR 13 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD FEB 16 PY 2003 VL 145 IS 1 BP 72 EP 84 AR PII S0377-2217(02)00206-0 DI 10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00206-0 PG 13 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 630GT UT WOS:000180099700006 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Gersten, B AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Gersten, B TI Enhancement of field emission in carbon nanotubes through adsorption of polar molecules SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; field emission; density functional theory (DFT) calculations ID ARRAYS; STATES AB First-principle's quantum-mechanical density functional theory (DFT) calculations are carried out to analyze the effect of single water-vapor molecules, three- and five-molecule water-vapor clusters and several other single-molecules with high dipole moments absorbed at the tip of capped (5,5) metallic armchair nanotubes on the ionization potential which is a measure of the ease at which electrons are extracted from carbon nanotubes during field emission. The results obtained show that in the absence of an externally applied electric field, the adsorption energies of both single- and multi-molecule clusters are quite low (typically less than 0.7 kcal/mol or 0.03 eV/molecule) suggesting that these adsorbates are not stable and would most likely desorb before a typical field-emission temperature of similar to900 K is reached. In sharp contrast, under a typical field-emission electric field of 1 eV/Angstrom, the adsorption energy is substantially higher (typically around 20 kcal/mol or 0.867 eV/molecule) making the adsorbates stable. The increased stability of the adsorbates is found to be the result of electrostatic interactions between dipole moments of the adsorbates and the applied electric field. These interactions increase the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital in the nanotube and, in turn facilitate field emission. These findings are generally consistent with the available experimental results. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Problem Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD, AMSRL,WM,MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Problem Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM micagrujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 19 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 206 IS 1-4 BP 167 EP 177 AR PII S0169-4332(02)01211-4 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01211-4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 642MJ UT WOS:000180807900021 ER PT J AU Sardar, DK Gruber, JB Zandi, B Hutchinson, JA Trussell, CW AF Sardar, DK Gruber, JB Zandi, B Hutchinson, JA Trussell, CW TI Judd-Ofelt analysis of the Er3+(4f(11)) absorption intensities in phosphate glass: Er3+, Yb3+ SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; UP-CONVERSION; COMPOSITIONAL DEPENDENCE; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; STIMULATED-EMISSION; FLUORIDE GLASS; ER-3+ IONS; LASER AB A spectroscopic Judd-Ofelt investigation has been performed on Er3+ in the doubly doped phosphate glass:Er3+, Yb3+ in order to assess its potential as a laser system. The standard Judd-Ofelt model was applied to the room-temperature absorption intensities of Er3+(4f(11)) transitions to determine the intensity parameters: Omega(2)=6.28x10(-20) cm(2), Omega(4)=1.03x10(-20) cm(2), and Omega(6)=1.39x10(-20) cm(2) in the phosphate glass host. The intensity parameters are used to determine the radiative decay rates (emission probabilities of transitions) and branching ratios of the Er3+ transitions from the excited-state J manifolds to the lower-lying J(') manifolds. The radiative lifetimes of these excited states are determined from the radiative decay rates. The predicted decay rates and radiative lifetimes are compared to those of Er3+ transitions in other glass hosts. The quantum efficiency of the eye-safe laser transition I-4(13/2)-->I-4(15/2) (1.54 mum) of Er3+ is approximately 80% in the phosphate glass host. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 50 TC 116 Z9 116 U1 4 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2041 EP 2046 DI 10.1063/1.1536738 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400031 ER PT J AU West, BJ Latka, M Glaubic-Latka, M Latka, D AF West, BJ Latka, M Glaubic-Latka, M Latka, D TI Multifractality of cerebral blood flow SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE multifractals; time series analysis; cerebral blood flow; migraine headaches ID TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER SIGNALS; TC-99M HMPAO; HUMAN GAIT; TURBULENCE; FORMALISM; MIGRAINE; VELOCITY; SPECT AB Scale invariance, the property relating time series across multiple scales, has provided a new perspective of physiological phenomena and their underlying control systems. The traditional "signal plus noise" paradigm of the engineer was first replaced with a model in which biological time series have a fractal structure in time (Fractal Physiology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994). This new paradigm was subsequently shown to be overly restrictive when certain physiological signals were found to be characterized by more than one scaling parameter and therefore to belong to a class of more complex processes known as multifractals (Fractals, Plenum Press, New York, 1988). Here we demonstrate that in addition to heart rate (Nature 399 (1999) 461) and human gait (Phys. Rev. E, submitted for publication), the nonlinear control system for cerebral blood flow (CBF) (Phys. Rev. Lett., submitted for publication; Phys. Rev. E 59 (1999) 3492) is multifractal. We also find that this multifractality is greatly reduced for subjects with "serious" migraine and we present a simple model for the underlying control process to describe this effect. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Army Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Wroclaw Tech Univ, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Opole Reg Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, PL-45401 Opole, Poland. RP West, BJ (reprint author), Army Res Off, Div Math, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 NR 32 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 318 IS 3-4 BP 453 EP 460 AR PII S0378-4371(02)01377-8 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01377-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 642YP UT WOS:000180835200013 ER PT J AU Forst, M Kurz, H Dekorsy, T Leavitt, RP AF Forst, M Kurz, H Dekorsy, T Leavitt, RP TI Bloch-phonon coupling and tunneling-induced coherent phonon excitation in semiconductor superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS; FIELD; BREAKDOWN AB The coupling of Bloch oscillations to longitudinal optical phonons is investigated in a narrow-well In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As superlattice. A strong increase of coherent phonon amplitudes is observed when the Bloch oscillations are subsequently tuned into resonance with different optical phonon modes. The rapid dephasing of the Bloch oscillations due to field induced tunneling from the weakly bound miniband into above-barrier continuum states leads to an additional and new excitation process of coherent phonons in superlattices at high electric fields. Polarization dependent measurements confirm their generation via Coulomb interaction excluding any contribution through impulsively stimulated Raman scattering. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Halbleitertech, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, Inst Ionenstrahlphys & Mat Forsch, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Forst, M (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Halbleitertech, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM foerst@iht-ii.rwth-aachen.de RI Dekorsy, Thomas/A-6152-2008; Forst, Michael/D-8924-2012 OI Dekorsy, Thomas/0000-0003-2257-2854; NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085305 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100033 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Woolard, DL Cui, HL AF Zhao, PJ Woolard, DL Cui, HL TI Multisubband theory for the origination of intrinsic oscillations within double-barrier quantum well systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANT-TUNNELING STRUCTURES; DIODES; SIMULATION; BISTABILITY; HYSTERESIS; OPERATION AB A theoretical criterion for the origin of high-frequency current oscillations in double-barrier quantum well structures (DBQWS's) is presented. The origin of the current oscillations is traced to the development of a dynamic emitter quantum well (EQW) and the coupling of that EQW to the main quantum well, which is defined by the double-barrier quantum well system. The relationship between the oscillation frequency and the energy-level structure of the system is demonstrated to be nu=DeltaE(0)/h. Insight into DBQWS's as potential devices for very high-frequency oscillators is facilitated through two simulation studies. First, a self-consistent, time-dependent Wigner-Poisson numerical investigation is used to reveal sustained current oscillations in an isolated DBQWS-based device. Furthermore, these terahertz-frequency oscillations are shown to be intrinsic. Second a multisubband-based procedure for calculating DeltaE(0), which is the energy separation of the quantum states in the system that are responsible for the instability mechanism, is also presented. Together, these studies establish the fundamental principals and basic design criteria for the future development and implementation of DBQWS-based oscillators. Furthermore, this paper provides physical interpretations of the instability mechanisms and explicit guidance for defining structures that will admit enhanced oscillation characteristics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Lab, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Phys Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 27 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085312 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100040 ER PT J AU Flick, K Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, CS Pettersson, RF Feldmann, H Flick, R AF Flick, K Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, CS Pettersson, RF Feldmann, H Flick, R TI Rescue of Hantaan virus minigenomes SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE; REVERSE GENETICS; GENOME SEGMENT; EXPRESSION; BUNYAVIRIDAE; HANTAVIRUS; MOLECULES; VACCINES; SYSTEM AB Hantavirus infections are a major public health concern worldwide. Their widespread geographical distribution and their ability to produce serious, often fatal, human disease underline the need for a system that allows manipulation of these viruses. We describe here the first successful establishment of a reverse genetics technology for Hantaan virus, the prototype of the genus Hantavirus. The system offers a unique opportunity to study the biology of hantaviruses, the pathogenesis of the diseases, and the efficacy of antiviral and prophylactic measures against hantavirus infections. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Hlth Canada, Canadian Sci Ctr Human & Anim Hlth, Natl Microbiol Lab, Special Pathogens Program, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Karolinska Inst, Stockholm Branch, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada. RP Feldmann, H (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Canadian Sci Ctr Human & Anim Hlth, Natl Microbiol Lab, Special Pathogens Program, 1015 Arlington St, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. EM Heinz_Feldmann@hc-sc.gc.ca; Ramon_Flick@hc-sc.gc.ca OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 20 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 306 IS 2 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1006/S0042-6822(02)00070-3 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 658TV UT WOS:000181737300004 PM 12642095 ER PT J AU Mulherin, SA O'Brien, TR Ioannidis, JPA Goedert, JJ Buchbinder, SP Coutinho, RA Jamieson, BD Meyer, L Michael, NL Pantaleo, G Rizzardi, GP Schuitemaker, H Sheppard, HW Theodorou, ID Vlahov, D Rosenberg, PS AF Mulherin, SA O'Brien, TR Ioannidis, JPA Goedert, JJ Buchbinder, SP Coutinho, RA Jamieson, BD Meyer, L Michael, NL Pantaleo, G Rizzardi, GP Schuitemaker, H Sheppard, HW Theodorou, ID Vlahov, D Rosenberg, PS CA Int Meta-Analysis HIV Host Genetic TI Effects of CCR5-Delta 32 and CCR2-64I alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: the protection varies with duration of infection SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE AIDS; alleles; CCR5; CCR2; chemokine receptors; HIV-1 ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SYNCYTIUM-INDUCING PHENOTYPE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR; AIDS PROGRESSION; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; CLINICAL COURSE; GENE DELETION; CELL COUNTS; CCR5 LOCUS AB Objective: To examine temporal variation in the effects of CCR5-Delta32 and CCR2-641 chemokine receptor gene polymorphisms on HIV-1 disease progression. Design: Pooled analysis of individual patient data from 10 cohorts of HIV-1 seroconverters from the United States, Europe, and Australia. Methods: We studied HIV-1 seroconverters of European (n = 1635) or African (n = 215) ancestry who had been genotyped for CCR5-A32 and CCR2-641. We used Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying coefficients to determine whether the genetic protection against AIDS (1987 case definition) and death varied with time since seroconversion. Results: Protection against AIDS conferred by CCR5-A32 held constant at a 31% (RH 0.69, 95% Cl 0.54, 0.88) reduction in risk over the course of HIV-1 infection, whereas protection against death held constant at a 39% reduction in risk (RH 0.61, 95% Cl 0.45, 0.88). When the period from AIDS to death was isolated, the survival benefit of CCR5-A32 diminished 2 years after AIDS. Protection against AIDS conferred by CCR2-641 was greatest early in the disease course. Compared with individuals without CCR5-Delta32 or CCR2-641, individuals with one or two copies of CCR2-641 had a 58% lower risk of AIDS during the first 4 years after seroconversion (RH 0.42, 95% CI 0.23,0.76), a 19% lower risk during the subsequent 4 years (RH 0.81, 95% Cl 0.59, 1.12), and no significant protection thereafter. Conclusion: The protection against AIDS provided by CCR5-Delta32 is continuous during the course of infection. In contrast, the protection provided by CCR2-641 is greatest early in the course of infection. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, DHHS,NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. Ioannina Biomed Res Inst, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, HIV Res Stn, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. Municipal Hlth Serv Amsterdam, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Hop Bicetre, INSERM, U292, Serv Epidemiol, F-94276 Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. CHU Vaudois, Lab AIDS Immunopathogenesis, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Sanquin Res CLB & Lanssteiner Lab, Dept Clin Viroimmunol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, Lab Cent Immunol Cellulaire & Tissulaire, F-75013 Paris, France. CNRS, UMR 7627, F-75013 Paris, France. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Rosenberg, PS (reprint author), NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, DHHS,NIH, 6120 Execut Blvd,Room 7006, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; Pantaleo, Giuseppe/K-6163-2016 FU NIAID NIH HHS [5T32 AI 07001] NR 38 TC 78 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 377 EP 387 DI 10.1097/01.aids.0000050783.28043.3e PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 653KR UT WOS:000181434800012 PM 12556692 ER PT J AU Cheng, HP Li, MH Cheng, JR AF Cheng, HP Li, MH Cheng, JR TI An assessment of using the predictor-corrector technique to solve reactive transport equations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE reactive transport; numerical method; predictor-corrector; operator splitting; full coupling; Lagrangian-Eulerian ID LAGRANGIAN-EULERIAN METHOD; ADVECTION-DISPERSION-EQUATION; OPERATOR-SPLITTING TECHNIQUE; LOCALIZED ADJOINT METHOD; NUMERICAL-MODEL; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; DIFFUSION EQUATION AB We examined, through comparison among the full-coupling (FC), operator-splitting (OS), and predictor-corrector (PC) techniques, the effectiveness of using the PC technique to solve depth-averaged reactive transport equations in the shallow water domain. Our investigation has led to three major conclusions. Firstly, both the OS and PC techniques can efficiently solve reactive transport equations because the advection-diffusion transport equations are solved outside the non-linear iteration loop and the reaction equations are solved node by node. However, these two techniques may risk sacrificing computational accuracy. Secondly, the OS or PC technique incorporated with the Lagrangian-Eulerian (LE) approach can handle boundary sources more precisely than alternatively with the conventional Eulerian (CE) approach. Thirdly, with the LE approach incorporated, the numerical results from the three techniques agreed highly with one another except when diffusion became significant. In this case, the PC technique's result still matched well with the FC technique's result, but differences between the OS and FC techniques' results arose as diffusion increased. Based on this study, we recommend to apply as a first step the PC technique to solving reactive transport equations with respect to both computational efficiency and accuracy. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Nucl Sci, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. Natl Cent Univ, Inst Hydrol Sci, Chungli 320, Taiwan. Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Cheng, HP (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 56 IS 5 BP 739 EP 766 DI 10.1002/nme.586 PG 28 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 642TC UT WOS:000180819700007 ER PT J AU Cross, AS Sakarya, S Rifat, S Held, TK Drysdale, BE Grange, PA Cassels, FJ Wang, LX Stamatos, N Farese, A Casey, D Powell, J Bhattacharjee, AK Kleinberg, M Goldblum, SE AF Cross, AS Sakarya, S Rifat, S Held, TK Drysdale, BE Grange, PA Cassels, FJ Wang, LX Stamatos, N Farese, A Casey, D Powell, J Bhattacharjee, AK Kleinberg, M Goldblum, SE TI Recruitment of murine neutrophils in vivo through endogenous sialidase activity SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; ACID CONTENT; CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-8; EXPRESSION; ADHESION; SURFACE; GLYCOPROTEINS; ERYTHROCYTES AB Upon activation with various noncytokine stimuli, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) mobilize intracellular sialidase to the plasma membrane, where the sialidase releases sialic acid from the cell surface. This desialylation enhances PMN adherence, spreading, deformability, and motility, functions critical to diapedesis. We now have examined the role of sialidase activity in PMN adhesion to and migration across the endothelium in vivo. A polyclonal antibody prepared against Clostridium perfringens neuraminidase 1) detected surface expression of sialidase on human PMNs stimulated with IL-8 in vitro and on murine PMNs stimulated in vivo, but not on that of unstimulated cells, 2) recognized proteins in human PMN lysates and granule preparations that were not detected by preimmune antibody, 3) inhibited bacterial neuraminidase and human PAIN sialidase activities in vitro, and 4) inhibited both pulmonary leukostasis in mice systemically infused with cobra venom factor and intrapulmonary transendothelial migration of PMNs into the bronchoalveolar compartment of mice intranasally challenged with interleukin-8. We conclude that the chemokine interleukin-8, like other PMN agonists, induces the translocation of sialidase to the PMN surface and that surface expression of this sialidase is a prerequisite to PMN recruitment an vivo. The ability of antibodies raised against a prokaryotic neuraminidase to recognize eukaryotic sialidase extends the concept of the neuraminidase superfamily to mammalian enzymes. Inhibition of mobilized endogenous sialidase may provide a novel strategy for limiting the inflammatory response. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Cross, AS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, MSTF Suite 900,10 S Pine St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42818-01A1] NR 43 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 6 BP 4112 EP 4120 DI 10.1074/jbc.M207591200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 643PM UT WOS:000180869700077 PM 12446694 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Cullivan, ML Sheldon, HK Pratt, RE Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Cullivan, ML Sheldon, HK Pratt, RE Lilly, CM TI Effect of hypoxia on gene expression by human hepatocytes (HepG2) SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE cDNA array; hypoxic stress; cellular hypoxia; heat shock; cell stress response ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA CELLS; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; INDUCTION; PATHWAY; IDENTIFICATION; PHOSPHATASE-1; HOMEOSTASIS; APOPTOSIS AB The full extent to which hypoxia produces gene expression changes in human cells is unknown. We used late-generation oligonucleotide arrays to catalog hypoxia-induced changes in gene expression in HepG2 cells. Five paired sets of cultures were subjected to either control (room air-5% CO2) or hypoxic (1% O-2-5% CO2) conditions for 24 h, and RNA was analyzed on an Affymetrix cDNA array containing similar to12,600 sequences. A statistically significant change in expression was shown by 2,908 sequences (1,255 increased and 1,653 decreased). The observed changes were highly concordant with published literature on hypoxic stress but showed relatively little overlap (12-22%) with changes in gene expression that have been reported to occur after heat stress in other systems. Of note, of these 2,908 sequences, only 387 (213 increased and 174 decreased) both exhibited changes in expression of twofold or greater and were highly expressed in at least three of the five experiments. We conclude that the effect of hypoxia on gene expression by HepG2 cells is broad, has a significant component of downregulation, and includes a relatively small number of genes whose response is truly independent of cell and stress type. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Gene Array Technol Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Sonna, LA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL/AI-64104] NR 42 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD FEB 6 PY 2003 VL 12 IS 3 BP 195 EP 207 DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00104.2002 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA 642XL UT WOS:000180830700003 PM 12464685 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Carter, R AF Cheuvront, SN Carter, R TI Ginkgo and memory SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 5 BP 547 EP 547 DI 10.1001/jama.289.5.547-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 642CV UT WOS:000180787500013 PM 12578473 ER PT J AU Prigge, ST He, X Gerena, L Waters, NC Reynolds, KA AF Prigge, ST He, X Gerena, L Waters, NC Reynolds, KA TI The initiating steps of a type II fatty acid synthase in Plasmodium falciparum are catalyzed by pfACP, pfMCAT, and pfKASIII SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; COENZYME-A; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; ACP TRANSACYLASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; PURIFICATION; STREPTOMYCES; INHIBITION; MALARIA AB Malaria, a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases, claiming millions of lives and infecting hundreds of millions of people annually. The pressing need for new antimalarials has been answered by the discovery of new drug targets from the malaria genome project. One of the early findings was the discovery of two genes encoding Type 11 fatty acid biosynthesis proteins: ACP (acyl carrier protein) and KASIII (beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III). The initiating steps of a Type 11 system require a third protein: malonyl-coenzyme A:ACP transacylase (MCAT). Here we report the identification of a single gene from P. falciparum encoding pfMCAT and the functional characterization of this enzyme. Pure recombinant pfMCAT catalyzes malonyl transfer from malonyl-coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA) to pfACP. In contrast, pfACP(trans), a construct of pfACP containing an amino-terminal apicoplast transit peptide, was not a substrate for pfMCAT. The product of the pfMCAT reaction, malonyl-pfACP, is a substrate for pfKASIII, which catalyzes the decarboxylative condensation of malonyl-pfACP and various acyl-CoAs. Consistent with a role in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, pfKASIII exhibited typical KAS (beta-ketoacyl ACP synthase) activity using acetyl-CoA as substrate (k(cat) 230 min(-1), K-M 17.9 +/- 3.4 muM). The pfKASIII can also catalyze the condensation of malonyl-pfACP and butyryl-CoA (k(cat) 200 min(-1), K-M 35.7 +/- 4.4 muM) with similar efficiency, whereas isobutyryl-CoA is a poor substrate and displayed 13-fold less activity than that observed for acetyl-CoA. The pfKASIII has little preference for malonyl-pfACP (k(cat)/K-M 64.9 min(-1) muM(-1)) over E. coli malonyl-ACP (k(cat)/K-M 44.8 min(-1) muM(-1)). The pfKASIII also catalyzes the acyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (ACAT) reaction typically exhibited by KASIII enzymes, but does so almost 700-fold slower than the KAS reaction. Thiolactomycin did not inhbit pfKASIII (IC50 > 330 muM), but three structurally similar substituted 1,2-dithiole-3-one compounds did inhibit pfKASIII with IC50 values between 0.53 muM and 10.4 muM. These compounds also inhibited the growth of P. falciparum in culture. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Malaria Res Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Med Chem, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Inst Struct Biol & Drug Discovery, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. RP Prigge, ST (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Malaria Res Inst, E5132,615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI44772] NR 50 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 4 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1160 EP 1169 DI 10.1021/bi026847k PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 640NQ UT WOS:000180695200038 PM 12549938 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC TI Temperature dependence of electron transfer in coupled quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; DETECTOR AB We report on the temperature dependence of electron transfer between coupled quantum wells in a voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP). The detection peak of this QWIP switches from 7.1 mum under positive bias to 8.6 mum under negative bias for temperatures Tless than or equal to40 K. For Tgreater than or equal to40 K, the 7.1 mum peak is present under both bias polarities and increases significantly with T while the 8.6 mum peak decreases correspondingly. We determine the temperature dependence of electron densities in the two QWs from the detector absorption spectra that are deduced using corrugated QWIPs and find that electron transfer is efficient only when thermionic emission is not significant. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 5 BP 686 EP 688 DI 10.1063/1.1541094 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640KG UT WOS:000180687600008 ER PT J AU Fehmi, JS Karn, JF Ries, RE Hendrickson, JR Hanson, JD AF Fehmi, JS Karn, JF Ries, RE Hendrickson, JR Hanson, JD TI Cattle grazing behavior with season-long free-choice access to four forage types (vol 29, pg 78, 2002) SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Fehmi, JS (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Ecol Proc Branch, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. OI Fehmi, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0618-9740 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD FEB 2 PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2 BP 171 EP 172 AR PII S0168-1591(02)00191-0 DI 10.1016/S0168-1591(02)00191-0 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 634UH UT WOS:000180359400007 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Ace inhibitors and survival in dialysis patients: Effects on serum potassium? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 520 EP 521 DI 10.1053/ajkd.2003.50109 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 642EE UT WOS:000180790600033 PM 12552520 ER PT J AU Noedl, H Faiz, MA Yunus, EB Rahman, MR Hossain, MA Samad, R Miller, RS Pang, LW Wongsrichanalai, C AF Noedl, H Faiz, MA Yunus, EB Rahman, MR Hossain, MA Samad, R Miller, RS Pang, LW Wongsrichanalai, C TI Drug-resistant malaria in Bangladesh: An in vitro assessment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MYANMAR AB Forty-four Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Bangladesh and 22 from western Thailand were successfully tested for their drug susceptibility. High degrees of resistance were observed against chloroquine with geometric mean IC(50)s of 114.25 and 120.5 nM, respectively, for Bangladesh and western Thailand. Most isolates from both sites were sensitive to quinine, and all were sensitive to artesunate. Many isolates were considered in vitro resistant to mefloquine, but the geometric mean IC50 for the Thai isolates (98.79 nM) was 1.6 times (P = 0.002) higher than that of isolates from Bangladesh (60.3 nM). The high prevalence of in vitro mefloquine resistance in Bangladesh suggests that close surveillance is necessary to delay widespread multidrug resistant problems in the area. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Vienna, Inst Pathophysiol, Dept Prophylaxis & Trop Med, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. Chittagong Med Coll, Dept Med, Chittagong, Bangladesh. RP Wongsrichanalai, C (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 11 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 140 EP 142 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645TD UT WOS:000180994700004 PM 12641401 ER PT J AU Nisalak, A Endy, TP Nimmannitya, S Kalayanarooj, S Thisayakorn, U Scott, RM Burke, DS Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW AF Nisalak, A Endy, TP Nimmannitya, S Kalayanarooj, S Thisayakorn, U Scott, RM Burke, DS Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW TI Serotype-specific dengue virus circulation and dengue disease in Bangkok, Thailand from 1973 to 1999 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; ASSAY; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; ANTIGEN AB Dengue virus circulation and association with epidemics and severe dengue disease were studied in hospitalized children with suspected dengue at the Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1973 to 1999. Dengue serology was performed on all patients and viral isolation attempted on laboratory-confirmed patients. Acute dengue was diagnosed in 15,569 children and virus isolated from 4,846. DEN-3 was the most frequent serotype in primary dengue (49% of all isolates), DEN-2 in secondary and in dengue hemorrhagic fever (37% and 35%, respectively). The predominant dengue serotype varied by year: DEN-1 from 1990-92, DEN-2 from 1973-86 and 1988-89; DEN-3 in 1987 and 1995-99; and DEN-4 from 1993-94. Only DEN-3 was associated with severe outbreak years. Our findings illustrate the uniqueness of each serotype in producing epidemics and severe disease and underscore the importance of long-term surveillance of dengue serotypes in understanding the epidemiology of these viruses. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. Chulalongkorn Hosp, Dept Pediat, Bangkok, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Endy, TP (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 36 TC 212 Z9 221 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 191 EP 202 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645TD UT WOS:000180994700014 PM 12641411 ER PT J AU Strickman, D Kittayapong, P AF Strickman, D Kittayapong, P TI Dengue and its vectors in Thailand: Calculated transmission risk from total pupal counts of Aedes aegypti and association of wing-length measurements with aspects of the larval habitat SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WATER JARS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; BLOOD; SIZE; SURVIVORSHIP; FECUNDITY; SUGAR AB Working in a village dengue focus in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand, aedine mosquito larvae and pupae were counted in all containers of 10 houses per month. The wings of female Aedes aegypti (L.) emerging from pupae were measured. Number of pupae and size of emerging females increased in containers with qualities that favored availability of larval food sources (e.g., uncovered containers). The small size of most mosquitoes compared with those raised in the laboratory indicated that the larval population as a whole was under nutritional stress. Applying the number of pupae per house and measurement of air and water temperature with an existing model, the risk of dengue transmission was greatest in May and June. The estimated number of female Ae. aegypti per house was well above the threshold for increasing transmission in all months but December through February. A phased approach to sampling immature aedine mosquitoes in Thailand is proposed, which would consist of routine surveillance of larval index and occasional total counts with measurement of wing size. Such a system would combine the benefits of the simple application of larval surveillance with the valuable data gathered from pupal counts and wing measurements. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Ctr Vector & Vector Borne Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Strickman, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 26 TC 70 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 209 EP 217 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645TD UT WOS:000180994700016 PM 12641413 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Parker, MD AF Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Parker, MD TI Limited potential for mosquito transmission of genetically engineered, live-attenuated western equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MUTANT AB Specific mutations associated with attenuation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus in rodent models were identified during efforts to develop an improved VEE vaccine. Analogous mutations were produced in full-length cDNA clones of the Cba 87 strain of western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus by site-directed mutagenesis in an attempt to develop an improved WEE vaccine. Isogenic viral strains with these mutations were recovered after transfection of baby hamster kidney cells with infectious RNA. We evaluated two of these strains (WE2102 and WE2130) for their ability to replicate in and be transmitted by Culex tarsalis, the principal natural vector of WEE virus in the United States. Each of the vaccine candidates contained a deletion of the PE2 furin cleavage site and a secondary mutation in the E1 or E2 glycoprotein. Both of these potential candidates replicated in mosquitoes significantly less efficiently than did either wild-type WEE (Cba 87) virus or the parental clone (WE2000). Likewise, after intrathoracic inoculation, mosquitoes transmitted the vaccine candidate strains significantly less efficiently than they transmitted either the wild-type or the parental clone. One-day-old chickens vaccinated with either of the two vaccine candidates did not become viremic when challenged with virulent WEE virus two weeks later. Mutations that result in less efficient replication in or transmission by mosquitoes should enhance vaccine safety and reduce the possibility of accidental introduction of the vaccine strain to unintentional hosts. C1 US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Virol Div, Vector Assessment Branch, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Virol Div, Vector Assessment Branch, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 218 EP 221 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645TD UT WOS:000180994700017 PM 12641414 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Joyce, MP Longfield, RN AF Murray, CK Joyce, MP Longfield, RN TI Short report: Treatment failure in Hansen's disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LEPROSY AB Areas of low endemicity of Hansen's disease, such as Texas, California, and Hawaii, exist due to immigration and rare autochthonous infections. Managing this disease in these areas of low endemicity is difficult, especially in observing for relapse. The accurate diagnosis of relapse is imperative so that appropriate therapy can be promptly reinstituted and unnecessary treatment can be avoided. To assess treatment failures in an area of low endemicity, we retrospectively evaluated 113 patients with Hansen's disease treated in southern Texas. Of 57 patients who completed therapy, 11 were later restarted on medications for this disease for presumed relapse. However, nine of the 11 were found not to have true relapses of Hansen's disease. The accurate diagnosis of relapse of this disease is essential not only in the individual patient but also for prospective treatment trials to establish best practices. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Natl Hansens Dis Program, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA. Univ Texas, Med Specialty Serv, San Antonio, TX 78223 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 BP 233 EP 234 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 645TD UT WOS:000180994700020 PM 12641417 ER PT J AU Glanton, CW Hypolite, IO Hshieh, PB Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM Abbott, KC AF Glanton, CW Hypolite, IO Hshieh, PB Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM Abbott, KC TI Factors associated with improved short term survival in obese end stage renal disease patients SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE obesity; body mass index; African American; Caucasian; female; complications; dialysis; USRDS; age; albumin; hemoglobin; weight; cardiovascular disease; human immunodeficiency virus; smoking; cancer ID BODY-MASS INDEX; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; SERUM CREATININE; HEART-FAILURE; RISK FACTOR; MORTALITY; WOMEN; TRANSPLANTATION AB PURPOSE: In contrast to its role in the general population, obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2), has been associated with improved survival in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). This apparent benefit has not been explained. METHODS: Using the United States Renal Data System (USRDS), we performed an historical cohort study on 151,027 patients initiated on ESRD therapy between January 1, 1995 and June 30, 1997, who never received renal transplants, and who had information sufficient to calculate BMI. We explored the association of various comorbidities present at the time of dialysis initiation (from HCFA Form 2728) with the presence of obesity by logistic regression, and the association of obesity with patient survival, including specific causes of death, by Cox regression adjusting for factors known to be associated with survival in this population. RESULTS: Obese patients had an unadjusted two-year survival of 68% compared with 58% for non obese patients. Obesity was independently associated with a reduced risk of mortality among chronic dialysis patients (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.75, 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.78), after controlling for all comorbidities and risk factors. However, there were significantly adverse interactions among whites (AHR 1.22, 1.14-1.30, across all causes of death) and females (AHR 1.12, 1.04-1.20, entirely due to an increased risk of infectious death). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in patients presenting with ESRD is associated independently with reduced all cause mortality; however, the relationship is complex and is stronger in African Americans. In addition, subgroup analysis suggests that obesity is associated with increased risk of infectious death in females. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 NIDDK, Off Minor Hlth Res Coordinat, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), 7 Rudis Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 43 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 13 IS 2 BP 136 EP 143 AR PII S1047-2797(02)00251-X DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(02)00251-X PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 643CU UT WOS:000180845000008 PM 12559673 ER PT J AU Spear, SA Brietzke, SE Winslow, C AF Spear, SA Brietzke, SE Winslow, C TI Bilateral bifid inferior turbinates SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 112 IS 2 BP 195 EP 196 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 644VV UT WOS:000180941400017 PM 12597297 ER PT J AU Baker, RO Herrera, R Shamblin, J Hartmann, C Mucker, E Zwiers, S Huggins, JW AF Baker, RO Herrera, R Shamblin, J Hartmann, C Mucker, E Zwiers, S Huggins, JW TI Development of a rodent model for lethal monkeypox infections and its use in antiviral drug testing SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th International Conference on Antiviral Reasearch CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2003 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Viral Therapeut Branch, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 SI SI MA 133 BP A80 EP A80 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 673LM UT WOS:000182582500134 ER PT J AU Huggins, JW Zwiers, SH Baker, RO Hensley, LE Larsen, T Martinez, MJ Jahrling, PB AF Huggins, JW Zwiers, SH Baker, RO Hensley, LE Larsen, T Martinez, MJ Jahrling, PB TI Cidofovir treatment of variola (smallpox) in the hemorrhagic smallpox primate model and the IV monkeypox primate model SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th International Conference on Antiviral Reasearch CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2003 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Viral Therapeut Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Pathol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 SI SI MA 127 BP A78 EP A78 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 673LM UT WOS:000182582500128 ER PT J AU Roy, CJ Baker, R Washburn, K Bray, M AF Roy, CJ Baker, R Washburn, K Bray, M TI Aerosolized cidofovir is retained in the lung and protects mice against lethal intranasal cowpox virus infection SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th International Conference on Antiviral Reasearch CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2003 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Stillmeadow Corp, Sugar Land, TX USA. NIAID, OCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 SI SI MA 128 BP A78 EP A78 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 673LM UT WOS:000182582500129 ER PT J AU Whitehouse, CA Miller, D Bray, M Paragas, J AF Whitehouse, CA Miller, D Bray, M Paragas, J TI A neutral red uptake assay for the rapid screening of antiviral compounds against the filoviruses, Ebola and Marburg SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th International Conference on Antiviral Reasearch CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2003 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 SI SI MA 159 BP A87 EP A87 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 673LM UT WOS:000182582500159 ER PT J AU Zwiers, SH Shamblin, JD Baker, RO Huggins, JW AF Zwiers, SH Shamblin, JD Baker, RO Huggins, JW TI Predictability of genome levels in blood for levels in tissues of cowpox infected mice SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th International Conference on Antiviral Reasearch CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2003 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Viral Therapeut Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 SI SI MA 116 BP A73 EP A73 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 673LM UT WOS:000182582500116 ER PT J AU Bessinger, GT Conologue, TD Krivda, SJ Turiansky, GW AF Bessinger, GT Conologue, TD Krivda, SJ Turiansky, GW TI Violaceous plaques in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bessinger, GT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 139 IS 2 BP 215 EP + DI 10.1001/archderm.139.2.215-a PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 645JA UT WOS:000180971400013 PM 12588229 ER PT J AU Olsson, PQ Sturm, M Racine, CH Romanovsky, V Liston, GE AF Olsson, PQ Sturm, M Racine, CH Romanovsky, V Liston, GE TI Five stages of the Alaskan Arctic cold season with ecosystem implications SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WETTING FRONT ADVANCE; CO2 EFFLUX; SNOW COVER; ACTIVE LAYER; NORTHERN ALASKA; THERMAL REGIME; TUNDRA; WINTER; FLUXES; SOILS AB We divide the Alaskan Arctic cold season into five stages based on transitions in climatological and thermophysical conditions in the atmosphere, snowpack, and soil active layer. Each of these stages has distinct characteristics which drive ecosystem processes. During the two autumnal stages (Early Snow and Early Cold) soils remain warm, unfrozen water is present, and the highest rates of cold-season soil respiration occur. The next two stages (Deep Cold and Late Cold) are characterized by a frozen active layer with decreasing temperature. Thaw is critical in determining the length of the growing season and the resumption of biological processes. Deep Cold and Late Cold result from a radiation deficit, show little interannual variation, and will be resistant to change under almost any reasonable climate change scenario. These are also the stages with the least amount of biological activity and have the least impact on the ecosystem. However, Early Snow, Early Cold and Thaw stages vary significantly from year to year have, more ecosystem implications, and are also the most likely to undergo significant change in timing and character as the arctic climate changes. This 5-fold subdivision is useful for framing discussions of biophysical interactions during the arctic winter and for focusing attention on critical cold-season periods. C1 Univ Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99577 USA. USA CRREL Alaska, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. USA CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Olsson, PQ (reprint author), Univ Alaska, 2811 Merrill Field Dr, Anchorage, AK 99577 USA. NR 47 TC 50 Z9 56 U1 7 U2 29 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 35 IS 1 BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1657/1523-0430(2003)035[0074:FSOTAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 661XV UT WOS:000181915900009 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JL Prazinko, BF Rowe, T Norman, D Hall, KK Caldwell, JA AF Caldwell, JL Prazinko, BF Rowe, T Norman, D Hall, KK Caldwell, JA TI Improving daytime sleep with temazepam as a countermeasure for shift lag SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE temazepam; shift work; fatigue; cognitive performance ID SIMULATED NIGHT-SHIFT; PERFORMANCE; WORK; ALERTNESS; TRIAZOLAM; TENDENCY; PLACEBO; LIGHT AB Background: Working night shift (reverse cycle) presents problems to personnel due to the difficulty in maintaining alertness during the night-time hours. When the shift must be worked several consecutive nights, a cumulative sleep debt is created. Appropriate countermeasures are required to help personnel obtain as much sleep as possible so they may perform their duties effectively. Hypothesis: The objectives were to determine whether a hypnotic taken before daytime sleep would improve sleep quality, and to determine whether improved daytime sleep would increase alertness, reduce fatigue, and mitigate the usual performance decrements which occur on night shift. Methods: Sixteen UH-60 Army aviators were randomly assigned to either a temazepam or a placebo group. Test sessions, consisting of vigilance assessments, flight simulation, and mood state questionnaires were administered during baseline, three nights of reverse cycle, and three days following a return to day shift. Temazepam (30 mg) was administered before daytime sleep to one group while another group received a lactose-filled capsule. Results: Subjects who received temazepam slept longer and with less fragmentation than those who received placebo. Generally, the subjects in the temazepam group indicated more subjective alertness and less fatigue than those in the placebo group. Flight performance was not unequivocally improved by better daytime sleep, but the temazepam group performed better on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task than the placebo group. Conclusions: Temazepam is helpful in prolonging daytime sleep, with some attenuation of performance decrements during the night shift. However, physicians should be careful when administering this substance to ensure the aviator has a minimum of 8 h in which to sleep. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Caldwell, JL (reprint author), AFRL, HEPM, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Biodynam & Protect Div, Bldg 170,2504 Gillingham Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 74 IS 2 BP 153 EP 163 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 640WD UT WOS:000180710300008 PM 12602447 ER PT J AU Brown, JH Bevilacqua, VLH Hutchings, AM Lynch, DL Hurst, DP Reggio, PH AF Brown, JH Bevilacqua, VLH Hutchings, AM Lynch, DL Hurst, DP Reggio, PH TI NMR studies of cannabinoid receptor second extracellular loop peptides containing a conserved CSXXXP sequence. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 Kennesaw State Univ, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. USA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 498A EP 498A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802447 ER PT J AU Pandorf, CE Nindl, BC Montain, SJ Castellani, JW Frykman, PN Leone, CD Harman, EA AF Pandorf, CE Nindl, BC Montain, SJ Castellani, JW Frykman, PN Leone, CD Harman, EA TI Reliability assessment of two militarily relevant occupational physical performance tests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYSIOLOGIE APPLIQUEE LA English DT Article DE repetitive box lifting; obstacle course; soldiers; muscular endurance ID INFANTRY PERSONNEL; OBSTACLE COURSE; BRITISH ARMY; FITNESS AB To determine the number of test sessions needed to stabilize performance on two military occupational physical tests and to assess their reliability, 10 male soldiers (22 +/- 3 yrs, 183 +/- 7 cm, 87 +/- 8 kg) performed both an indoor 6-station obstacle course (degreesC) and a repetitive box-lifting task (RBLT). The degreesC consisted of 46 cm-high hurdles, zigzag sprint, low crawl, horizontal pipe shimmy, 1.4 m wall traversal, and straight sprint. The RBLT required subjects to lift 20.5 kg boxes, continuously for 10 minutes, from the ground onto 1.3 m high platforms positioned 2.4 m apart. The degreesC mean SD times (s), for sessions 4 respectively, were 37.4 +/- 2.2, 35.8 +/- 2.5, 34.7 +/- 2.1, and 34.5 +/- 1.7 seconds. The number of boxes lifted was 177 +/- 31, 194 +/- 28, 189 +/- 32, and 186 +/- 37 for the RBLT Performance stabilized on the Ad session for the degreesC (7% improvement over first trial, p < 0.05) and on the 2nd session for the RBLT (9% improvement over first trial, p < 0.05). The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.92 and 0.94 for the degreesC and RBLT respectively. This study demonstrates that both are reliable tests, but they do require administration of I single-trial session of RBLT and 2 two-trial sessions of degreesC before highly reliable performance data are obtained. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Pandorf, CE (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1066-7814 J9 CAN J APPL PHYSIOL JI Can. J. Appl. Physiol.-Rev. Can. Physiol. Appl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 28 IS 1 BP 27 EP 37 PG 11 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 651FW UT WOS:000181310700004 PM 12671193 ER PT J AU White, KD AF White, KD TI Review of prediction methods for breakup ice jams SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ice jam; breakup ice jam; flood prediction; flood warning; ice jam mitigation AB Breakup ice jams often occur suddenly, with little warning. Severe flooding or ice-related damage can result from rapid rises in upstream water levels associated with breakup ice jams. Breakup jam prediction methods that can be used to increase response time are desirable to minimize flood damage, including potential loss of life. A variety of hydrologic and hydraulic models exist to predict open-water flooding, whether resulting from rainfall, snowmelt, or catastrophic events such as dam breaches. However, breakup ice jams result from a complex series of physical processes that cannot currently be described with analytical or deterministic models, hindering the development of prediction methods. Those which do exist are highly site specific and range from simple empirical models to an artificial intelligence formulation. To date, no one model exhibits a clear advantage over the others. This paper provides examples of existing breakup ice jam prediction methods and discusses their potential advantages and disadvantages. C1 USA, Ice Engn Grp, Environm Sci Branch, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab,Engineer Res & Dev Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP White, KD (reprint author), USA, Ice Engn Grp, Environm Sci Branch, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab,Engineer Res & Dev Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0315-1468 J9 CAN J CIVIL ENG JI Can. J. Civ. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 30 IS 1 BP 89 EP 100 DI 10.1139/L02-047 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 667ZX UT WOS:000182266300010 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI The pentagon report SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. SImpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Washington, DC USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Lafayette, IN USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 73 IS 2 BP 42 EP 55 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 644MA UT WOS:000180920700021 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Taylor, AJ Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Taylor, AJ Yuan, CM TI Hospitalized valvular heart disease in patients on renal transplant waiting list: incidence, clinical correlates and outcomes SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE valvular heart disease; hospitalization; renal transplant; dialysis; end-stage renal disease; USRDS; aortic; mitral; surgery ID CARDIAC-VALVE CALCIFICATION; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; METABOLISM; MORTALITY; ABNORMALITIES; REPLACEMENT; SURVIVAL; SURGERY; FAILURE AB Background: Patients with ESRD are at increased risk for heart valve calcification. It has not been established whether hospitalized valvular heart disease (VHD) is a substantial barrier to renal transplantation (RT) after transplant listing, or whether VHD progresses after RT. Methods: Using data from the USRDS, we studied 3 5,215 patients with ESRD enrolled on the renal transplant waiting list from July 1994 to June 1997. Cox non-proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted, time-dependent hazard ratios (HR) for RT and VHD. Results: In comparison to maintenance dialysis (2.2/1,000 person years), RT was independently associated with a lower hazard for hospitalization for VHD (0.7/1,000 person years, HR 0.28, 95% confidence interval 0.17 - 0.47). Renal transplant recipients had much lower rates of VHD after transplant than before (rate ratio (RR) 0.49, 95% Cl 0.47 - 0.52). Patients with VHD were significantly less likely to receive RT (adjusted rate for RT 0.38, 95% Cl 0.20 - 0.45) but patients who received valve replacement surgeries (VRS) were not affected (adjusted rate for RT 1.10, 95% Cl 0.52 - 2.32, not significant). Conclusions: VHD is an uncommon but serious barrier to RT after listing, while VRS is not a significant barrier to RT. Established VHD does not appear to worsen after RT. Clinicians should consider giving increased attention to the detection and treatment of VHD during the pre-transplant evaluation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI OBERHACHING PA BAJUWARENRING 4, D-82041 OBERHACHING, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 2 BP 79 EP 87 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 640CJ UT WOS:000180668900002 PM 12608550 ER PT J AU Cieslak, TJ Henretig, FM AF Cieslak, TJ Henretig, FM TI Ring-a-ring-a-roses: bioterrorism and its peculiar relevance to pediatrics SO CURRENT OPINION IN PEDIATRICS LA English DT Review ID OUTBREAK; ANTHRAX C1 San Antonio Mil Pediat Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cieslak, TJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8703 J9 CURR OPIN PEDIATR JI CURR. OPIN. PEDIATR. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 1 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1097/00008480-200302000-00018 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 636BL UT WOS:000180434600018 PM 12544281 ER PT J AU Winters, GR Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH AF Winters, GR Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH TI Schatzki's rings do not protect against acid reflux and may decrease esophageal acid clearance SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Schatzki's rings; dysphagia; acid reflux; esophagus ID MUCOSAL RING; DILATION AB Schatzki's rings (SR) are a common cause of intermittent solid food dysphagia, but their etiology is unclear. Many believe they are related to acid reflux, hypothesizing that the rings act as a protective barrier against further reflux. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dilation of SR affected the degree of acid reflux. Twenty patients participated in the study. All patients underwent esophageal manometry and 24-hr pH monitoring off all acid inhibitory medications before and two weeks after esophageal dilation. No significant differences were noted in any of the reflux parameters measured before and after dilation. However, there was a trend toward reduction in symptom score in all patients, a decrease in Johnson-DeMeester score, and a decrease in supine reflux time in patients with thick SR after dilation. There was no correlation between ring diameter and the presence or absence of reflux. In conclusion, Schatzki's rings do not prevent esophageal reflux, and they may act to decrease esophageal acid clearance, especially in the supine position, thereby increasing esophageal acid exposure. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, 6900 georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 7F43, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 48 IS 2 BP 299 EP 302 DI 10.1023/A:1021975309951 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 634MR UT WOS:000180344300009 PM 12643606 ER PT J AU Gogal, RM Johnson, MS Larsen, CT Prater, MR Duncan, RB Ward, DL Lee, RB Salice, CJ Jortner, B Holladay, SD AF Gogal, RM Johnson, MS Larsen, CT Prater, MR Duncan, RB Ward, DL Lee, RB Salice, CJ Jortner, B Holladay, SD TI Dietary oral exposure to 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine in the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE bobwhite; bird; immunity; toxicity; royal demolition explosive ID LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; NONRADIOACTIVE ASSAY; APOPTOSIS; QUAIL; TNT AB The potential risk to wildlife from exposure to explosives, including 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), has been an issue at numerous U.S. military installations where these substances are found in soil and water. Presently, no data describing the effects of RDX exposure in avian species exist. Therefore, an acute lethal dose (ALD) and 14- and 90-d subchronic dietary exposures to RDX were evaluated in a species potentially present at many contaminated sites, i.e., the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). The ALDs for females and males were 187 and 280 mg/kg, respectively. Data from the 14-d dietary trial suggested that RDX exposure inhibited food consumption, weight gain, and egg production. Dietary RDX exposure for 90-d produced a dose-dependant decreasing trend in total feed consumption, total egg production, and hen-housed production parameters. These collective data suggest that quail may respond differently to oral RDX exposure compared with mammals. C1 Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2003)022<0381:DOETTT>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 637HC UT WOS:000180504800020 ER PT J AU Wilber, DH Clarke, DG Burlas, MH Ruben, H Will, RJ AF Wilber, DH Clarke, DG Burlas, MH Ruben, H Will, RJ TI Spatial and temporal variability in surf zone fish assemblages on the coast of northern New Jersey SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beach seine; silversides; bluefish; kingfish; recruitment ID THE-YEAR BLUEFISH; SCOTTISH SANDY BEACH; NEW-YORK BIGHT; POMATOMUS-SALTATRIX; SOUTH-AFRICA; KINGS BEACH; SPECIES COMPOSITION; STRUCTURAL ASPECTS; TERM FLUCTUATIONS; ALGOA BAY AB The surf zone fish community along 15 km of northern New Jersey shoreline was sampled every 2 weeks by beach seine in the late summers and early falls of 1995-1999 in conjunction with monitoring of a beach nourishment project. Fifty-seven species representing 30 families were collected during the course of the study. Over 90% of each sampling period's catch was composed of five taxa or less. These taxa included Atlantic and rough silversides, Menidia menidia and Membras martinica, bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, and bay and striped anchovies, Anchoa mitchilli and Anchoa hepsetus, with the relative contributions of these taxa varying among years. Both bluefish and anchovy abundances varied by an order of magnitude among years. Size-frequency distributions indicate summer-spawned bluefish recruit to the surf zone habitat as two cohorts in August and October, respectively. Fish abundance and richness were greater at substations closest to rock groins. Taxonomic richness declined along with decreasing water temperature in the fall, but was not correlated with turbidity or tide stage (measured as minutes before or after low tide). The extensive sampling effort undertaken in this study, 2190 seine hauls that captured 295 868 fish, was examined in relation to the number and relative proportions of taxa collected. Species accumulation curves and percent similarity calculations were used to investigate the adequacy of a reduced sampling protocol in characterizing the taxonomic composition of the surf zone fish community. Calculations from eight complete sampling periods (84 seine hauls each) indicate that a reduction in sampling effort by one-half would have yielded on average 75% of the total number of species captured with approximately 85% similarity in relative species composition. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 DynTel, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Wetlands & Coastal Ecol Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engn New York Dist, Planning Div, New York, NY 10278 USA. RP Wilber, DH (reprint author), DynTel, 664 Old Plantat Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 56 IS 2 BP 291 EP 304 DI 10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00163-4 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 663UE UT WOS:000182023900011 ER PT J AU Iqbal, Z Zhang, Y Grebel, H Vijayalakshmi, S Lahamer, A Benedek, G Bernasconi, M Cariboni, J Spagnolatti, I Sharma, R Owens, FJ Kozlov, ME Rao, KV Muhammed, M AF Iqbal, Z Zhang, Y Grebel, H Vijayalakshmi, S Lahamer, A Benedek, G Bernasconi, M Cariboni, J Spagnolatti, I Sharma, R Owens, FJ Kozlov, ME Rao, KV Muhammed, M TI Evidence for a solid phase of dodecahedral C-20 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID SMALLEST FULLERENE; GAS-PHASE; CARBON; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; RAMAN; C-60; C-36 AB Evidence is presented for the formation of a solid phase based on the smallest fullerene, C-20, in thin diamond-like carbon films deposited by ultraviolet laser ablation from diamond onto nickel substrates at room temperature in the presence of 10(-4) torr of cyclohexane or benzene. Laser desorption mass spectrometry from the films shows the presence of C-20, C-21 and C-22 species, while micro-Raman spectroscopy and electron diffraction from selected particles together with first principle density-functional calculations, indicate a cubic solid with dodecahedral C-20 Cages as building blocks. Unlike solid C-60 and fully protonated C-20, which are bound by van der Waals forces, the proposed structure is stabilized by linking of the C-20 dodecahedra with bridging carbon atoms at interstitial tetrahedral sites to form a face-centered-cubic lattice with 22 carbon atoms per unit cell. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Berea Coll, Dept Phys, Berea, KY 40404 USA. Univ Milan, Dept Mat Sci, I-20125 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, INFM, I-20125 Milan, Italy. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. USA, Res & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. JDS Uniphase Corp, Eatontown, NJ 07724 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Iqbal, Z (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RI Rao, K.V./F-4577-2011 NR 26 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 4 BP 509 EP 515 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2003-00060-4 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 667AV UT WOS:000182209400009 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Tortella, FC TI Occurrence of nonconvulsive seizures, periodic epileptiform discharges, and intermittent rhythmic delta activity in rat focal ischemia SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE ischemia; electroencephalography; epilepsy; nonconvulsive seizure; PLED; IRDA; MCAo; in vivo; paroxysm; rat ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS; SUSTAINED POTENTIAL SHIFTS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; CONTINUOUS EEG; ELECTROGRAPHIC SEIZURES; PAROXYSMAL DISCHARGES; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; MODEL; HIPPOCAMPUS AB A significant proportion of neurologic patients suffer electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in the acute phase following traumatic or ischemic brain injury, including many without overt behavioral manifestations. Although such nonconvulsive seizures may exacerbate neuropathological processes, they have received limited attention clinically and experimentally. Here we characterize seizure episodes following focal cerebral ischemia in the rat as a model for brain injury-induced seizures. Cortical EEG activity was recorded continuously from both hemispheres up to 72 h following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Seizure discharges appeared in EEG recordings within 1 h of MCAo in 13/16 (81%) animals and consisted predominantly of generalized 1-3 Hz rhythmic spiking. During seizures animals engaged in quiet awake or normal motor behaviors, but exhibited no motor convulsant activity. Animals had a mean of 10.6 seizure episodes within 2 h, with a mean duration of 60 s per episode. On average, seizures ceased at 1 h 59 min post-MCAo in permanently occluded animals and did not occur following reperfusion at 2 h in transiently occluded animals. In addition to seizures, periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) appeared over penumbral regions in the injured hemisphere while intermittent rhythmic delta activity (IRDA) recurred in the contralateral hemisphere with frontoparietal dominance. PLEDs and IRDA persisted up to 72 It in permanent MCAo animals, and early onset of the former was predictive of prolonged seizure activity. The presentation of these EEG waveforms, each with characteristic features replicating those in clinical neurologic populations, validates rat MCAo for study of acutely induced brain seizures and other neurophysiological aspects of brain injury. Published by Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 49 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 179 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 AR PII S0014-4886(02)00013-4 DI 10.1016/S0014-4886(02)00013-4 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 653JM UT WOS:000181432100002 PM 12618120 ER PT J AU Waters, NC Geyer, JA AF Waters, NC Geyer, JA TI Cyclin-dependent protein kinases as therapeutic drug targets for antimalarial drug development SO EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS LA English DT Review DE cell cycle; cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK); drug development; kinase inhibitors; malaria; Pfmrk; PfPK5; PfPK6; Plasmodium falciparum ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CELL-CYCLE; CHEMICAL INHIBITORS; CDC2-RELATED KINASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CDK4 INHIBITORS; PURINE ANALOGS; LIBRARY DESIGN; MALARIA; ACTIVATION AB Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) have been attractive drug targets for the development of anticancer therapies due to their direct and crucial role in the regulation of cellular proliferation. Following this trend, CDKs have been pursued as potential drug targets for several other diseases. Structure-based drug design programmes have focused on the plasmodial CDKs to develop new candidate antimalarial compounds. This review discusses the most recent advances relating to three Plasmodium falciparum CDKs (PfPK5, PfPK6 and Pfmrk) as they are developed as antimalarial drug targets. CDKs are highly conserved, and focus must,be placed upon the amino acid differences between human and plasmodial CDKs in order to develop specific inhibitors. Comparisons of the active sites of human and parasite CDKs reveal sequence and potential structural variations. Using sequence analysis, molecular modelling and in vitro drug screening, it is possible to identify and develop inhibitors that specifically target the plasmodial CDKs. These efforts are aimed at identifying new classes of CDK inhibitors that may be exploited for antimalarial drug development. C1 USA, Army Med Res Unit, Nairobi 09831, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), USA, Army Med Res Unit, MRU 64109 APO, Nairobi 09831, Kenya. NR 66 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASHLEY PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1472-8222 J9 EXPERT OPIN THER TAR JI Expert Opin. Ther. Targets PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 7 EP 17 DI 10.1517/14728222.7.1.7 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 691MV UT WOS:000183610800002 PM 12556199 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Chamberlain, CP Poage, MA Abruzzese, M Shultz, S Henneberry, J Layer, P AF Douglas, TA Chamberlain, CP Poage, MA Abruzzese, M Shultz, S Henneberry, J Layer, P TI Fluid flow and the Heart Mountain fault: a stable isotopic, fluid inclusion, and geochronologic study SO GEOFLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Ar-40/Ar-39 geochemistry; Heart Mountain fault; New World Mine; stable isotopes ID DETACHMENT; AR-40; FLUIDIZATION; HORNBLENDE; ALLOCHTHON; DIFFUSION; PRESSURE; BIOTITE; MONTANA; MODEL AB Numerous studies have proposed that movement along the 3400-km(2) low-angle (<3degrees) Heart Mountain detachment fault of north-western Wyoming and south-western Montana was facilitated by the presence of lubricating fluids. A recent stable isotope study suggested that the fluids along the Heart Mountain fault originated from large hydrothermal systems associated with Eocene intrusive centers. Herein, we present results from a combined stable isotope, fluid inclusion, and Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology study of the relationship between shallow crustal fluids from Eocene intrusive centers in the New World Mining district and fluids associated with the Heart Mountain fault. Our results suggest that: 0) Eocene intrusive bodies within the New World Mining District focused hydrothermal fluids along specific units and structures from the ore deposit centers along the Heart Mountain fault detachment surface; (ii) hydrothermal waters were focused along the Heart Mountain fault from the breakaway region near Silvergate, Montana toward Heart Mountain in Cody, Wyoming; and (iii) hydrothermal activity along the Heart Mountain fault occurred at the same time as emplacement of the Eocene intrusives, between 50.1 and 48.1 Ma. These data, taken together, suggest that the hydrothermal activity generated by intrusion of Eocene rhyodacites and dacites provided the source of fluids found along the Heart Mountain fault plane. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska, Dept Geol & Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Douglas, TA (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab Alaska, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RI Layer, Paul/F-5465-2010 NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1468-8115 J9 GEOFLUIDS JI Geofluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 1 BP 13 EP 32 DI 10.1046/j.1468-8123.2003.00049.x PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA 643UD UT WOS:000180878100002 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV AF Tannenbaum, LV TI Can ecological receptors really be at risk? SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE ecological risk; impact; hazard quotient; terrestrial receptor ID SOIL; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Birds and mammals at hazardous waste sites are routinely modeled for their potential to display harmful toxicological effects as a result of their exposures to contaminants. Although standard desktop measures of the potential for toxicological endpoints to be reached commonly suggest that these receptors should be at ill health (e.g., experiencing reproductive impairment), evidence is lacking from the field that such effects are occurring. Plausibly, the excessive time lapse (frequently several decades) from contaminant release event to site ecological risk assessment, can explain the disconnect. Aided by their relatively brief life spans, these modeled ecological receptors have produced multiple generations to date and may have outbred the chemical stress. In light of the absence of observed health impacts in birds and mammals since the creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund program, there may be no need to continue assessing the health of these species. Additionally, given the very few reported instances of observed health effects at terrestrial sites, it may be prudent to replace risk assessment with impact assessment as the essence of a revamped ecological assessment process. C1 USA, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHBTSEHR, APGEA, Bldg 1675, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1080/713609848 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 651DU UT WOS:000181305900002 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV Johnson, MS Bazar, M AF Tannenbaum, LV Johnson, MS Bazar, M TI Application of the hazard quotient method in remedial decisions: A comparison of human and ecological risk assessments SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE hazard quotient; hazard index; ecological risk assessment; screening ID WILDLIFE AB This paper evaluates the relative roles of the human health hazard index (HI) and the ecological risk assessment hazard quotient (HQ) in remedial decision-making. Through an analysis of HI outcomes drawn from Superfund Records of Decision, the reduced importance of the HI statistic in human health risk assessments is demonstrated, and the high visibility of the ecological risk assessment (ERA) HQ for terrestrial receptors (birds and mammals) is underscored. Three HQ method limitations common to both HHRA and ERA, deriving either from the mathematical construct of the HQ (a simple binary measure, indicating that an animal's exposure either exceeds its toxicity value or does not) or from dose-response outcomes in animal trials, are reviewed. Two additional HQ limitations unique to ERA (i.e., a propensity for the HQ to easily exceed its threshold value, and a propensity for it to assume values that are unreasonably high), and deriving from the complexities of estimating bird and mammal dietary intakes of contaminants and the availability of toxicological effects information, are also identified. The paper cautions of the potential to err in concluding that terrestrial site receptors are at risk when the HQ threshold is exceeded, and regardless of the toxicological information (NOAELs, LOAELs, etc.) used. It recognizes that because other methods of terrestrial assessment are presently unavailable, HQs are sometimes, out of necessity, used to justify a remedial action. The analysis and discussion are intended to remind ecological risk assessors that the HQ is a measure of a level of concern only and not a measure of risk. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Hlth Effects Res Program, MCHB-TS-REH,5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 387 EP 401 DI 10.1080/713609871 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 651DU UT WOS:000181305900025 ER PT J AU Ramalho-Ortigao, JM Kamhawi, S Rowton, ED Ribeiro, JMC Valenzuela, JG AF Ramalho-Ortigao, JM Kamhawi, S Rowton, ED Ribeiro, JMC Valenzuela, JG TI Cloning and characterization of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteases from the midgut of the sand fly vector Phlebotomus papatasi SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sand flies; midgut trypsin and chymotrypsin-like proteases; RT-PCR ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; BLOODMEAL DIGESTION; MALARIA MOSQUITO; LEISHMANIA; GENES; TRANSCRIPTION; COMPETENCE; EXPRESSION AB Trypsin and chymotrypsin serine proteases are the main digestive proteases in Diptera midguts and are also involved in many aspects of the vector-parasite relationship. In sand flies, these proteases have been shown to be a potential barrier to Leishmania growth and development within the midgut. Here we describe the sequence and partial characterization of six Phlebotomus papatasi midgut serine proteases: two chymotrypsin-like (Ppchym1 and Ppchym2) and four trypsin-like (Pptryp1-Pptryp4). All six enzymes show structural features typical to each type, including the histidine, aspartic acid, and serine (H/D/S) catalytic triad, six conserved cysteine residues, and other amino acid residues involved in substrate specificity. They also show a high degree of homology (4060% identical residues) with their counterparts from other insect vectors, such as Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti. The mRNA expression profiles of these six proteases vary considerably: two trypsin-like proteases (Pptryp1 and Pptryp2) are downregulated and one (Pptryp4) upregulated upon blood feeding. The two chymotrypsin-like enzymes display expression behavior similar to that of the early and late trypsins from Ae. aegypti. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NIAID, Med Entomol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Intracellular Parasite Biol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Valenzuela, JG (reprint author), NIAID, Med Entomol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, 4 Ctr Dr,Bldg 4,Rm 126,MSC 0425, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Ramalho-Ortigao, Marcelo/E-8225-2011; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011; OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818 NR 27 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 33 IS 2 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1016/S0965-1748(02)00187-X PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 641XK UT WOS:000180772200004 PM 12535675 ER PT J AU Wright, TW AF Wright, TW TI On the speed of an unconstrained shear band in a perfectly plastic material SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE adiabatic shear; plasticity ID ASYMPTOTIC STRUCTURE; SOLIDS AB It is shown that the speed of an adiabatic shear band may be estimated from its physical and constitutive properties within a constant, which must be obtained from the complete boundary value problem. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wright, TW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 40 IS 4 BP 871 EP 879 AR PII S0020-7683(02)00648-0 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(02)00648-0 PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 643ML UT WOS:000180865000006 ER PT J AU Sateren, WB Renzullo, PO Carr, JK Birx, DL McNeil, JG AF Sateren, WB Renzullo, PO Carr, JK Birx, DL McNeil, JG TI HIV-1 infection among civilian applicants for US military service, 1985 to 2000: Epidemiology and geography SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 epidemiology; civilian adolescents; military personnel; mass screening; HIV-1 prevalence ID UNITED-STATES AB Objectives: This study examined demographic and geographic correlates of HIV-1 prevalence among civilian applicants for US military service. Methods: HIV-1 test results and demographic and geographic data were available for 5.3 million applicants. Results: Between October 1985 and December 2000, a total of 5,340,694 individuals applied to join one of the armed service branches of the US military. Overall, HIV-1 prevalence was 0.80 per 1000 applicants (95% CI: 0.78-0.82), with 4276 applicants testing positive for HIV-1 infection. Prevalence declined over the 16-year period from a high of 2.89 per 1000 applicants in 1985 to 0.36 per 1000 applicants in 2000. The majority of applicants (82.7%) were male, and the majority of HIV-1 cases (89.4%) occurred in men. HIV-1 prevalence was higher among African Americans (2.47/1000) and Hispanics (0.90/1000) than among white applicants (0.36/1000). HIV-1 prevalence was lowest in the West North Central region of the United States (0.33/1000) and highest in the Middle Atlantic region (1.61/1000) and Puerto Rico (3.56/1000). Conclusions: Civilian applicants for US military service comprise a unique cohort for following trends in the evolving HIV-1 epidemic. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Sateren, WB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD FEB PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 215 EP 222 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 643BU UT WOS:000180842700015 PM 12571533 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Enzenauer, RJ AF Johnson, JA Enzenauer, RJ TI Inflammatory arthritis associated with thromboangiitis obliterans SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thromboangiitis obliterans; Buerger's disease; inflammatory arthritis; vasculitis ID BUERGERS-DISEASE; RHEUMATIC MANIFESTATIONS AB Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is an uncommon to rare vasculitis of small and medium arteries and veins typically affecting young male smokers. Inflammatory arthritis has only been rarely reported in association with TAO. We describe the case of a young male smoker presenting with inflammatory arthritis as the initial manifestation of his TAO. His arthritis resolved with a course of corticosteroid therapy. The vascular disease improved with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, although he continued to smoke. Similar cases have been described, suggesting that rheumatologists should keep Buerger's disease in mind in patients with arthritis and vascular disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Enzenauer, RJ (reprint author), 9616 Thornberry Dr, Ooltewah, TN 37363 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1097/01.RHU.0000049712.74443.70 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 688ZK UT WOS:000183467000007 PM 17041420 ER PT J AU Serianni, R Barash, J Bentley, T Sharma, P Fontana, JL Via, D Duhm, J Bunger, R Mongan, PD AF Serianni, R Barash, J Bentley, T Sharma, P Fontana, JL Via, D Duhm, J Bunger, R Mongan, PD TI Porcine-specific hemoglobin saturation measurements SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CO-oximetry; oxyhemoglobin; mathematical modeling ID MAMMALS AB The determination of O-2 consumption by using arteriovenous O-2 content differences is dependent on accurate oxyhemoglobin saturation measurements. Because swine are a common experimental species, we describe the validation of CO-oximeter for porcine-specific oxyhemoglobin saturation. After developing a nonlinear mathematical model of the porcine oxyhemoglobin saturation curve, we made 366 porcine oxyhemoglobin saturation determinations with a calibrated blood-gas analyzer and a porcine-specific CO-oximeter. There was a high degree of correlation with minimal variability (r(2) = 0.99, SE of the estimate = 5.2%) between the mathematical model and the porcine-specific CO-oximeter measurements. Bland-Altman comparison showed that the CO-oximeter measurements were biased slightly lower (-0.4 vol%), and the limits of agreement (+/-2 SD) were 0.7 and -1.5 vol%. This is in contrast to a 10-20 vol% error if human-specific methods were used. The results show excellent agreement between the nonlinear model and CO-oximeter for porcine-specific oxyhemoglobin saturation measurements. In contrast, comparison of the porcine-specific oxyhemoglobin saturations with saturations obtained by using human methods highlights the necessity of species-specific measurement methodology. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Munich, Dept Physiol, D-80539 Munich, Germany. RP Mongan, PD (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 94 IS 2 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00710.2002 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 636CU UT WOS:000180437600020 PM 12391081 ER PT J AU O'Brien, C Montain, SJ AF O'Brien, C Montain, SJ TI Hypohydration effect on finger skin temperature and blood flow during cold-water finger immersion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dehydration; cold-induced vasodilation; cold injury; blood flow ID LOCAL TEMPERATURE; AIR; THERMOREGULATION AB This study was conducted to determine whether hypohydration (Hy) alters blood flow, skin temperature, or cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) during peripheral cooling. Fourteen subjects sat in a thermoneutral environment (27degreesC) during 15-min warm-water (42degreesC) and 30-min cold-water (4degreesC) finger immersion (FI) while euhydrated (Eu) and, again, during Hy. Hy (-4% body weight) was induced before FI by exercise-heat exposure (38degreesC, 30% relative humidity) with no fluid replacement, whereas during Eu, fluid intake maintained body weight. Finger pad blood flow [as measured by laser-Doppler flux (LDF)] and nail bed (T-nb), pad (T-pad), and core (T-c) temperatures were measured. LDF decreased similarly during Eu and Hy (32 +/- 10 and 33 +/- 13% of peak during warm-water immersion). Mean T-nb and T-pad were similar between Eu (7.1 +/- 1.0 and 11.5 +/- 1.6degreesC) and Hy (7.4 +/- 1.3 and 12.6 +/- 2.1degreesC). CIVD parameters (e. g., nadir, onset time, apex) were similar between trials, except T-pad nadir was higher during Hy (10.4 +/- 3.8degreesC) than during Eu (7.9 +/- 1.6degreesC), which was attributed to higher T-c in six subjects during Hy (37.5 +/- 0.2degreesC), compared with during Eu (37.1 +/- 0.1degreesC). The results of this study provide no evidence that Hy alters finger blood flow, skin temperature, or CIVD during peripheral cooling. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP O'Brien, C (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 94 IS 2 BP 598 EP 603 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00678.2002 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 636CU UT WOS:000180437600025 PM 12391076 ER PT J AU Legree, PJ Heffner, TS Psotka, J Martin, DE Medsker, GJ AF Legree, PJ Heffner, TS Psotka, J Martin, DE Medsker, GJ TI Traffic crash involvement: Experiential driving knowledge and stressful contextual antecedents SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YOUNG NOVICE DRIVERS; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; RISK PERCEPTION; ACCIDENTS; BEHAVIOR; MODEL; TESTS AB Researchers have rarely examined stressful environments and psychological characteristics as predictors of driving behavior in the same study. The authors hypothesized that (a) safer drivers more accurately assess physical and emotional traffic hazards and (b) stress and emotional states elevate crash risk. The hypotheses were evaluated with procedural and declarative tacit driving knowledge tests requiring assessment of emotional and contextual hazards and with accident reports describing crash antecedents, including stressful events and environmental conditions. Analyses identified separate driving knowledge factors corresponding to emotional and contextual hazards that were significantly related to the crash criteria. Accident report analyses show that stress significantly elevates at-fault crash risk. The results demonstrate the importance of experiential knowledge acquired without instruction (procedural or tacit knowledge) and provide safety recommendations. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Human Resources Res Org, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Legree, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 40 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 88 IS 1 BP 15 EP 26 DI 10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.15 PG 12 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 653YR UT WOS:000181465100003 PM 12675391 ER PT J AU Hofmann, DA Morgeson, FP Gerras, SJ AF Hofmann, DA Morgeson, FP Gerras, SJ TI Climate as a moderator of the relationship between leader-member exchange and content specific citizenship: Safety climate as an exemplar SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT; EXTRA-ROLE BEHAVIORS; SOCIAL-EXCHANGE; PERSPECTIVE; CONSTRUCT; MODELS; WORK AB The present study integrates role theory, social exchange, organizational citizenship, and climate research to suggest that employees will reciprocate implied obligations of leadership-based social exchange (e.g., leader-member exchange [LMX]) by expanding their role and behaving in ways consistent with contextual behavioral expectations (e.g., work group climate). Using safety climate as an exemplar, the authors found that the relationship between LMX and subordinate safety citizenship role definitions was moderated by safety climate. In summary, high-quality LMX relationships resulted in expanded safety citizenship role definitions when there was a positive safety climate and there was no such expansion under less positive safety climates. The authors also found that safety citizenship role definitions were significantly related to safety citizenship behavior. Implications for both social exchange theory and safety research are discussed. C1 Univ N Carolina, Kenan Flagler Business Sch, Dept Management, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Michigan State Univ, Eli Broad Grad Sch Management, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hofmann, DA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Kenan Flagler Business Sch, Dept Management, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 49 TC 387 Z9 397 U1 3 U2 71 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 88 IS 1 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.170 PG 9 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 653YR UT WOS:000181465100016 PM 12675404 ER PT J AU Emanuel, PA Bell, R Dang, JL McClanahan, R David, JC Burgess, RJ Thompson, J Collins, L Hadfield, T AF Emanuel, PA Bell, R Dang, JL McClanahan, R David, JC Burgess, RJ Thompson, J Collins, L Hadfield, T TI Detection of Francisella tularensis within infected mouse tissues by using a hand-held PCR thermocycler SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; TULAREMIA; IDENTIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; SPECIMENS; IMMUNITY; SAMPLES; GENE AB The diagnosis of human cases of tularemia often relies upon the demonstration of an antibody response to Francisella tularensis or the direct culturing of the bacteria from the patient. Antibody response is not detectable until 2 weeks or more after infection, and culturing requires special media and suspicion of tularemia. In addition, handling live Francisella poses a risk to laboratory personnel due to the highly infectious nature of this pathogen. In an effort to develop a rapid diagnostic assay for tularemia, we investigated the use of TaqMan 5' hydrolysis fluorogenic PCR to detect the organism in tissues of infected mice. Mice were infected to produce respiratory tularemia. The fopA and tul4 genes of F. tularensis were amplified from infected spleen, lung, liver, and kidney tissues sampled over a 5-day period. The samples were analyzed using the laboratory-based Applied Biosystems International 7900 and the Smiths Detection-Edgewood BioSeeq, a hand-held portable fluorescence thermocycler designed for use in the field. A comparison of culturing and PCR for detection of bacteria in infected tissues shows that culturing was more sensitive than PCR. However, the results for culture take 72 h, whereas PCR results were available within 4 h. PCR was able to detect infection in all the tissues tested. Lung tissue showed the earliest response at 2 days when tested with the ABI 7900 and in 3 days when tested with the BioSeeq. The results were in agreement between the ABI 7900 and the BioSeeq when presented with the same sample. Template preparation may account for the loss of sensitivity compared to culturing techniques. The hand-held BioSeeq thermocycler shows promise as an expedient means of forward diagnosis of infection in the field. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Emanuel, PA (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB RCB Bldg E3330,Room 274,5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 21 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 689 EP 693 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.2.689-693.2003 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 643YM UT WOS:000180891200028 PM 12574268 ER PT J AU Echavarria, M Sanchez, JL Kolavic-Gray, SA Polyak, CS Mitchell-Raymundo, F Innis, BL Vaughn, D Reynolds, R Binn, LN AF Echavarria, M Sanchez, JL Kolavic-Gray, SA Polyak, CS Mitchell-Raymundo, F Innis, BL Vaughn, D Reynolds, R Binn, LN TI Rapid detection of adenovirus in throat swab specimens by PCR during respiratory disease outbreaks among military recruits SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID US-ARMY TRAINEES; INFECTIONS; VACCINES; EPIDEMIC; HEALTHY AB We evaluated the performance of a generic PCR test to detect adenoviruses (AdV) in throat swab specimens collected from asymptomatic and ill military recruits with acute respiratory disease. Samples (n = 210) were collected at entry to basic training and at the time of large outbreaks of AdV-associated acute respiratory disease among military recruits at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, from 1997 to 1998. Compared to cell culture, a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 98% were noted for the PCR method to detect AdV in throat swabs. Similar results were obtained with or without DNA extraction, suggesting the absence of significant inhibitors for the PCR method in throat swab samples. No AdV was detected by culture or PCR in throat swabs from healthy recruits, suggesting the absence of latency or asymptomatic shedding. Throat swab specimens proved to be adequate, noninvasive samples to rapidly diagnose respiratory disease in young adults. This generic direct PCR proved to be a useful test for the rapid diagnosis of AdV-associated respiratory disease, detecting all serotypes tested to date and furnishing results within 6 h of specimen arrival. The use of this direct, rapid, sensitive, and specific assay would assist health care providers and public health practitioners in the early diagnosis, management, and control of AdV-associated respiratory disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Binn, LN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 810 EP 812 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.2.810-812.2003 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 643YM UT WOS:000180891200048 PM 12574288 ER PT J AU Koussis, AD Pesmajoglou, S Syriopoulou, D AF Koussis, AD Pesmajoglou, S Syriopoulou, D TI Modelling biodegradation of hydrocarbons in aquifers: when is the use of the instantaneous reaction approximation justified? SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE aquifer; bio-kinetics; bio-remediation; BTEX; groundwater; hydrocarbons; instantaneous reaction; modelling; numerical simulation ID OXYGEN-LIMITED BIODEGRADATION; TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER AB In-situ bio-remediation is a viable cleanup alternative for aquifers contaminated by hydrocarbons such as BTEX. Transport models of varying complexity and capabilities are used to quantify their degradation. A model that has gained wide acceptance in applications is BIOPLUME II, which assumes that oxygen-limited biodegradation takes place as an instantaneous reaction. In this work we have employed theoretical analysis, using non-dimensional variables, and numerical modelling to establish a quantitative criterion demarcating the range of validity of the instantaneous reaction approximation against biodegradation kinetics. Oxygen was the limiting species and sorption was ignored. This criterion relates [Da]\(o), the Dahmkohler number at oxygen depletion, to O-o*, the ratio of initial to input oxygen concentration, [Da]\(o) greater than or equal to0.7(O-o*)(2)+0.1O(o)* + 1.8. The derived [Da]\(o) reflects the intrinsic characteristics of the physical transport and of the biochemical reaction, including the effect of biomass density. Relative availability of oxygen and hydrocarbons exerts a small influence on results. Theory, verified and refined via numerical simulations, showed that significant deviations of instantaneous reactions from kinetics are to be expected in the space-time region s Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is a rare malignancy in cats. > En bloc excision may improve survival for extraskeletal osteosarcoma. C1 All Care Anim Referral Ctr, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Vet Corps, Div Pathol, Dept Comparat Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Med, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. RP Dhaliwal, RS (reprint author), All Care Anim Referral Ctr, 18440 Amistad St, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 222 IS 3 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.2460/javma.2003.222.340 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 639JW UT WOS:000180625900028 PM 12564597 ER PT J AU Xu, K Ding, MS Zhang, SS Allen, JL Jow, TR AF Xu, K Ding, MS Zhang, SS Allen, JL Jow, TR TI Evaluation of fluorinated alkyl phosphates as flame retardants in electrolytes for Li-ion batteries - I. Physical and electrochemical properties SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT-CONTAINING ELECTROLYTES; LITHIUM BATTERIES; BINARY CARBONATES; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; CELLS; ANODE AB The reduction of electrolyte flammability by the known phosphorus-based flame retardants is always realized at the expense of cell performance, i.e., either electrochemical instability causing severe capacity fading or high viscosity of these cosolvents affecting both capacity utilization and power. To alleviate this trade-off between cell safety and performance, we synthesized a series of fluorinated alkyl phosphates and studied their applicability as flame retarding cosolvents in electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. Summarized in this part of the work are the physical properties of these fluorinated phosphates and their effect on the flammability and ion conductivity as well as electrochemical stability of the electrolyte solutions containing them. We found that the addition of these phosphates to electrolyte solutions reduces the overall flammability at the expense of ion conduction, while electrochemical stability on carbonaceous anodes is improved as the result of the introduction of fluorine. By adjusting fluorine content in the phosphates, it is possible to find a cosolvent that makes the concept of nonflammable lithium ion electrolyte practical. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Device Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Device Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 27 TC 81 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP A161 EP A169 DI 10.1149/1.1533040 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000005 ER PT J AU Xu, K Zhang, SS Allen, JL Jow, TR AF Xu, K Zhang, SS Allen, JL Jow, TR TI Evaluation of fluorinated alkyl phosphates as flame retardants in electrolytes for Li-ion batteries - II. Performance in cell SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT-CONTAINING ELECTROLYTES; KINETIC CHARACTERIZATION; GRAPHITE-ELECTRODES; LITHIUM BATTERIES; INTERCALATION AB A series of fluoroalkyl phosphates are synthesized and evaluated as flame retardants for electrolytes of Li-ion batteries. In this work, nonflammable electrolytes based on these phosphates are formulated with the knowledge obtained in Part I of these papers through ion conduction and electrochemical studies. The performance of these nonflammable electrolytes in lithium-ion cells is preliminarily evaluated by investigating the effect of the degree of their concentration and fluorination on the cycling behavior, rate capability, and low temperature performances of the cells. It was found that the electrolytes based on phosphates, with at least two alkyls fluorinated, demonstrate stable cell performance at room temperature, and the presence of these phosphates not only delivers higher cell safety, but also improves the cell capacity retention over a long period of testing. However, the rate capability and low temperature performance of these nonflammable electrolytes decline with increasing concentration of these phosphates, as a result of higher cell impedance. Nevertheless, compared with their nonfluorinated counterparts, fluorination does introduce higher flame-retarding efficiency and lower performance impact. This alleviated trade-off between electrolyte flammability and cell performance made it possible to formulate a series of nonflammable electrolytes, which contain 15-20% of fluoroalkyl phosphates and can work in a lithium-ion cell with minimum sacrifice in performance. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Device Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Device Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 15 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 6 U2 22 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 150 IS 2 BP A170 EP A175 DI 10.1149/1.1533041 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 637MW UT WOS:000180517000006 ER PT J AU Creekmore, S Seo, JT Yang, Q Wang, Q Anderson, J Pompey, C Temple, D Peng, X Qu, JL Yu, W Wang, A Mott, A Namkung, M Jung, SS Kim, JH AF Creekmore, S Seo, JT Yang, Q Wang, Q Anderson, J Pompey, C Temple, D Peng, X Qu, JL Yu, W Wang, A Mott, A Namkung, M Jung, SS Kim, JH TI Nonlinear optical properties of cadmium telluride semiconductor nanocrystals for optical power-limiting application SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Seoul International Symposium on the Physics of Semiconductors and Applications CY AUG 20-23, 2002 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP AIXTRON AG, Epichem Inc, KODENSHI AUK, LG Electr Inst Technol, LUXPIA Co Ltd, Natl Program Tera Level Nanodevices, Thomas Swan Sci Equipment Ltd, Kyung Hee Univ, Adv Display Res Ctr, Sungkyunkwan Univ, Ctr Nanotubes & Nanostruct Composites, Dongguk Univ, Quantum Funct Semiconductor Res Ctr, Chonbuk Natl Univ, Semiconductor Phys Res Ctr DE nanocrystals; nonliner refraction; optical limiting ID SINGLE-BEAM; Z-SCAN; ABSORPTION; ELECTRON; GLASSES; CDTE AB Nonlinear optical properties of cadmium telluride semiconductor nanocrystals were investigated for optical power self-limiting application. The semiconductor nanocrystals were synthesized through colloidal methods. The nonlinear refraction and the nonlinear figure of merit of CdTe nanocrystals in toluene (similar to8 x 10(-5) mol/L) were estimated to be similar to -1 x 10(-13) m(2)/N, and similar to200, respectively. The optical power limiting through CdTe nanoscale materials was mainly by the nonlinear refraction because of the high nonlinear FOM. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Seo, JT (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RI Namkung, Min/E-1533-2012 NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 SU S BP S143 EP S148 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 651TE UT WOS:000181337500009 ER PT J AU Sondeen, JL Pusateri, AE Coppes, VG Gaddy, CE Holcomb, JB AF Sondeen, JL Pusateri, AE Coppes, VG Gaddy, CE Holcomb, JB TI Comparison of 10 different hemostatic dressings in an aortic injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY OCT 11-15, 2000 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE hemorrhage; uncontrolled hemorrhage; trauma; aorta; arterial injury; hemostasis; fibrin sealant; dressing; gauze dressing; pig; porcine ID FIBRIN ADHESIVE BANDAGE; BLOOD-LOSS; SEALANT; TRAUMA; HEMORRHAGE; EFFICACY; SWINE; TRIAL; AGENT AB Background. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the leading preventable cause of death on the battlefield. Similarly, hemorrhage accounts for 80% of all deaths within the first 48 hours of injury in civilian trauma patients. New methods of hemostasis are required to reduce hemorrhagic mortality. The purpose of this study was to compare nine hemostatic dressings for their efficacy in controlling bleeding from an otherwise fatal aortic injury in a pig model. Each hemostatic dressing was compared with the current standard U.S. Army field gauze dressing for a 1-hour period. Methods:. Fifty-nine anesthetized pigs were instrumented with catheters and splenectomized. Nine test dressings (n = 5 per group) and two control groups (gauze, n = 9; suture, n = 5) were applied to a 4.4-mm aortotomy through the spraying jet of blood, and direct pressure was held for 4 minutes and then released. Survival, blood loss, and other variables were measured over a 1-hour period. Results. All animals with fibrin dressing and those receiving suture repair (five of five in both groups) survived the 1-hour observation period with minimal bleeding in the postocclusion period (< 37 mL). Those in the other dressing groups exsanguinated within 10 minutes, except for two animals in the gauze group surviving 1 hour. Conclusion: With one 4-minute application, a single fibrin dressing stopped bleeding from an aortotomy, which was equivalent to sutured repair. No other test group exhibited any evidence of significant hemostatic efficacy. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Sondeen, JL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 69 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2003 VL 54 IS 2 BP 280 EP 285 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000037431.19185.B4 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 644KL UT WOS:000180916400011 PM 12579052 ER PT J AU Kubany, ES Hill, EE Owens, JA AF Kubany, ES Hill, EE Owens, JA TI Cognitive trauma therapy for battered women with PTSD: Preliminary findings SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE battered women; PTSD; depression; self-esteem; therapy; efficacy ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MODEL; GUILT; VALIDATION; INVENTORY AB This paper describes a treatment-outcome study of Cognitive Trauma Therapy for Battered Women (CTT-BW) with PTSD. Derived from psychological learning principles, CTT-BW emphasizes the role of irrational beliefs and evaluative language in chronic PTSD. CTT-BW includes trauma history exploration, PTSD psychoeducation, stress management, psychoeducation about dysfunctional self-talk and self-monitoring of self-talk, exposure to abuse reminders, Cognitive Therapy for Trauma-Related Guilt (E. S. Kubany & F. P. Manke, 1995), and modules on assertiveness, managing contacts with former partners, self-advocacy strategies, and avoiding revictimization. Thirty-seven ethnically diverse women were assigned to Immediate or Delayed CTT-BW. PTSD remitted in 30 of 32 women who completed CTT-BW. Gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up. CTT-BW was efficacious across ethnic backgrounds. Issues related to disseminability of CTT-BW are discussed. C1 Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr PTSD, Pacific Isl Div, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. Domest Violence Consultants, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Kubany, ES (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr PTSD, Pacific Isl Div, 1132 Bishop St,Suite 307, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. NR 57 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 12 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 1 BP 81 EP 91 DI 10.1023/A:1022019629803 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 636JX UT WOS:000180453000011 PM 12602656 ER PT J AU Han, ZY Boshra, H Sunyer, JO Zwiers, SH Paragas, J Harty, RN AF Han, ZY Boshra, H Sunyer, JO Zwiers, SH Paragas, J Harty, RN TI Biochemical and functional characterization of the Ebola virus VP24 protein: Implications for a role in virus assembly and budding SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MATRIX PROTEIN; MEMBRANE ASSOCIATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SYNAPTOTAGMIN-VII; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GLYCOPROTEIN; VP40; BINDING; ENTRY; MOTIF AB The VP24 protein of Ebola virus is believed to be a secondary matrix protein and minor component of virions. In contrast, the VP40 protein of Ebola virus is the primary matrix protein and the most abundant virion component. The structure and function of VP40 have been well characterized; however, virtually nothing is known regarding the structure and function of VP24. Wild-type and mutant forms of VP24 were expressed in mammalian cells to gain a better understanding of the biochemical and functional nature of this viral protein. Results from these experiments demonstrated that (i) VP24 localizes to the plasma membrane and perinuclear region in both transfected and Ebola virus-infected cells, (ii) VP24 associates strongly with lipid membranes, (iii)VP24 does not contain N-linked sugars when expressed alone in mammalian cells, (iv) VP24 can oligomerize when expressed alone in mammalian cells, (v) progressive deletions at the N terminus of VP24 resulted in a decrease in oligomer formation and a concomitant increase in the formation of high-molecular-weight aggregates, and (vi) VP24 was present in trypsin-resistant virus like particles released into the media covering VP24-transfected cells. These data indicate that VP24 possesses structural features commonly associated with viral matrix proteins and that VP24 may have a role in virus assembly and budding. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Lab 412, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Lab 413, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Harty, RN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Lab 412, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Boshra, Hani/M-2619-2014 OI Boshra, Hani/0000-0001-9924-8126 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI46499, R01 AI046499] NR 32 TC 68 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1793 EP 1800 DI 10.1128/JVI.77.3.1793-1800.2003 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 637AD UT WOS:000180488700015 PM 12525613 ER PT J AU Licata, JM Simpson-Holley, M Wright, NT Han, ZY Paragas, J Harty, RN AF Licata, JM Simpson-Holley, M Wright, NT Han, ZY Paragas, J Harty, RN TI Overlapping motifs (PTAP and PPEY) within the Ebola virus VP40 protein function independently as late budding domains: Involvement of host proteins TSG101 and VPS-4 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; ROUS-SARCOMA VIRUS; LATE ASSEMBLY DOMAIN; PROLINE-RICH MOTIF; MATRIX PROTEIN; UBIQUITIN LIGASE; GAG POLYPROTEIN; VIRION RELEASE; TYPE-1; ASSOCIATION AB The VP40 protein of Ebola virus can bud from mammalian cells in the form of lipid-bound, virus-like particles (VLPs), and late budding domains (L-domains) are conserved motifs (PTAP, PPxY, or YxxL; where "x" is any amino acid) that facilitate the budding of VP40-containing VLPs. VP40 is unique in that potential overlapping L-domains with the sequences PTAP and PPEY are present at amino acids 7 to 13 of VP40 (PTAPPEY). L-domains are thought to function by interacting with specific cellular proteins, such as the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4, and a component of the vacuolar protein sorting (vps) pathway, tsg101. Mutational analysis of the PTAPPEY sequence of VP40 was performed to understand further the contribution of each individual motif in promoting VP40 budding. In addition, the contribution of tsg101 and a second member of the vps pathway, vps4, in facilitating budding was addressed. Our results indicate that (i) both the PTAP and PPEY motifs contribute to efficient budding of VP40-containing VLPs; (ii) PTAP and PPEY can function as L-domains when separated and moved from the N terminus (amino acid position 7) to the C terminus (amino acid position 316) of full-length VP40; (iii) A VP40-PTAP/tsg101 interaction recruits tsg101 into budding VLPs; (iv) a VP40-PTAP/tsg101 interaction recruits VP40 into lipid raft microdomains; and (v) a dominant-negative mutant of vps4 (E228Q), but not wild-type vps4, significantly inhibited the budding of Ebola virus (Zaire). These results provide important insights into the complex interplay between viral and host proteins during the late stages of Ebola virus budding. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Harty, RN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI046499, AI007324, AI46499, T32 AI007324] NR 47 TC 161 Z9 164 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1812 EP 1819 DI 10.1128/JVI.77.3.1812-1819.2003 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 637AD UT WOS:000180488700017 PM 12525615 ER PT J AU Glanton, CW Kao, TC Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC AF Glanton, CW Kao, TC Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Abbott, KC TI Impact of renal transplantation on survival in end-stage renal disease patients with elevated body mass index SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE obesity; body mass index; renal transplant; living donor; cadaveric organs; survival; wait list; dialysis; ESRD; USRDS ID RACIAL DISPARITIES; RECIPIENTS; MORTALITY; HEMODIALYSIS; OUTCOMES; DIALYSIS AB Background. Cadaveric renal transplantation is associated with a survival advantage compared with dialysis patients remaining on the renal transplantation waiting list, but this advantage has not been confirmed in obese end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Methods. Using data from the USRDS, we studied 7521 patients who presented with ESRD from 1 April 1995 to 29 June 1999 and later enrolled on the renal transplantation waiting list with body mass indices (BMI) greater than or equal to30 kg/m(2) at the time of presentation to ESRD, and followed until 6 November 2000. Recipients of preemptive renal transplantation or organs other than kidneys were excluded. Cox non-proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted, time-dependent hazard ratios (HR) for time to death in a given patient during the study period, controlling for renal transplantation, demographics and comorbidities (Form 2728). Results. The incidence of mortality was 3.3 episodes per 100 patient-years (PY) in cadaveric renal transplantation and 1.9/100 PY in living donor renal transplantation compared with 6.6 episodes/100 PY in all patients on the transplant waiting list. In comparison to maintenance dialysis, both recipients of solitary cadaveric kidneys (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.47), and recipients of living donor kidneys (HR 0.23, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.34) had statistically significant improved survival. A benefit of cadaveric renal transplantation did not apply to patients with BMI greater than or equal to41 kg/m(2) (HR 0.47, 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.25, P = 0.13). Conclusions. Obese patients on the renal transplant waiting list had a significantly lower risk of mortality after renal transplantation compared with those remaining on dialysis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, MC Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, MC Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 21 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 63 IS 2 BP 647 EP 653 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00761.x PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 635VB UT WOS:000180419300025 PM 12631130 ER PT J AU Klisovic, MI Maghraby, EA Parthun, MR Guimond, M Sklenar, AR Whitman, SP Chan, KK Murphy, T Anon, J Archer, KJ Rush, LJ Plass, C Grever, MR Byrd, JC Marcucci, G AF Klisovic, MI Maghraby, EA Parthun, MR Guimond, M Sklenar, AR Whitman, SP Chan, KK Murphy, T Anon, J Archer, KJ Rush, LJ Plass, C Grever, MR Byrd, JC Marcucci, G TI Depsipeptide (FR 901228) promotes histone acetylation, gene transcription, apoptosis and its activity is enhanced by DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in AML1/ETO-positive leukemic cells SO LEUKEMIA LA English DT Article DE depsipeptide; histone deacetylase; acute myeloid leukemia; AMLl/ETO; 5-aza-2 '-deoxycytidine ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; CHROMOBACTERIUM-VIOLACEUM NO-968; CORE-BINDING-FACTOR; CHROMATIN MODIFICATION; DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; DOSAGE COMPENSATION; FUSION PARTNER; FR901228; ETO; DIFFERENTIATION AB In t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the AML1/ETO fusion protein promotes leukemogenesis by recruiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) and silencing AML1 target genes important for hematopoietic differentiation. We hypothesized that depsipeptide (FR901228), a novel HDAC inhibitor evaluated in ongoing clinical trials, restores gene transcription and cell differentiation in AML1/ETO-positive cells. A dose-dependent increase in H3 and H4 histone acetylation was noted in depsipeptide-treated AML1/ETO-positive Kasumi-1 cells and blasts from a patient with t(8;21) AML. Consistent with this biological effect, we also showed a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity, expression of IL-3, here used as read-out for silenced AML1-target genes, upregulation of CD11b with other morphologic changes suggestive of partial cell differentiation in Kasumi-1 cells. Some of these biologic effects were also attained in other myeloid leukemia cell lines, suggesting that depsipeptide has differentiation and cytotoxic activity in AML cells, regardless of the underlying genomic abnormality. Notably, the activity of depsipeptide was enhanced by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMT). These two agents in combination resulted in enhanced histone acetylation, IL-3 expression, and cytotoxicity, suggesting HDAC and DNMT activities as a potential dual target in future therapeutic strategies for AML1/ETO and other molecular subgroups of AML. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Div Human Canc Genet, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Biosci, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Houston, TX USA. RP Marcucci, G (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol Oncol, 458A Starling Loving Hall,320 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Plass, Christoph/H-7192-2014 FU NCI NIH HHS [P30CA16058, K08-CA90469] NR 32 TC 113 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0887-6924 J9 LEUKEMIA JI Leukemia PD FEB PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 350 EP 358 DI 10.1038/sj.leu.2402776 PG 9 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 650QA UT WOS:000181273800013 PM 12592335 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The end of the beginning: From the Siege of Malta to the allied victory at El Alamein. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 2 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 673WL UT WOS:000182603200143 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Spies in the Himalayas: Secret missions and perilous climbs. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 2 BP 101 EP 101 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 673WL UT WOS:000182603200152 ER PT J AU Vazquez, M Flieder, D Travis, W Carter, D Yankelevitz, DF Miettinen, OS Henschke, CI AF Vazquez, M Flieder, D Travis, W Carter, D Yankelevitz, DF Miettinen, OS Henschke, CI TI Early lung cancer action project pathology protocol SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Letter C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Radiol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Vazquez, M (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 6 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD FEB PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 231 EP 232 AR PII S0169-5002(02)00452-X DI 10.1016/S0169-5002(02)00452-X PG 2 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 649RB UT WOS:000181220800019 PM 12581579 ER PT J AU Dow, GS AF Dow, GS TI Effect of sample size and P-value filtering techniques on the detection of transcriptional changes induced in rat neuroblastoma (NG108) cells by mefloquine SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIALLY-EXPRESSED GENES; MICROARRAY DATA; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MALARIA; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; NEUROPROTECTION; ACTIVATION; PROFILES; PROGRAM; FICTION AB Background: There is no known biochemical basis for the adverse neurological events attributed to mefloquine. Identification of genes modulated by toxic agents using microarrays may provide sufficient information to generate hypotheses regarding their mode of action. However, this utility may be compromised if sample sizes are too low or the filtering methods used to identify differentially expressed genes are inappropriate. Methods: The transcriptional changes induced in rat neuroblastoma cells by a physiological dose of mefloquine ( 10 micro-molar) were investigated using Affymetrix arrays. A large sample size was used ( total of 16 arrays). Genes were ranked by P-value ( t-test). RT-PCR was used to confirm ( or reject) the expression changes of several of the genes with the lowest P-values. Different P-value filtering methods were compared in terms of their ability to detect these differentially expressed genes. A retrospective power analysis was then performed to determine whether the use of lower sample sizes might also have detected those genes with altered transcription. Results: Based on RT-PCR, mefloquine upregulated cJun, IkappaB and GADD153. Reverse Holm-Bonferroni P-value filtering was superior to other methods in terms of maximizing detection of differentially expressed genes but not those with unaltered expression. Reduction of total microarray sample size (< 10) impaired the capacity to detect differentially expressed genes. Conclusions: Adequate sample sizes and appropriate selection of P-value filtering methods are essential for the reliable detection of differentially expressed genes. The changes in gene expression induced by mefloquine suggest that the ER might be a neuronal target of the drug. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Parasitol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dow, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Parasitol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 2 AR 4 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-2-4 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 705ZR UT WOS:000184427600004 PM 12675948 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M DeLong, JR DeRosset, WS AF Grujicic, M DeLong, JR DeRosset, WS TI The effect of lining segmentation on the reliability of hybrid ceramic/steel gun barrels SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE impact and ballistic; brittle fracture ID FRACTURE AB The effect of alpha-SiC-lining segmentation on the failure probability of a gun-barrel lining during single-shot and burst firing events has been studied by combining finite-element method based thermo-mechanical calculations with the Weibull statistical structural reliability analysis. The results obtained reveal that, due to a lining/jacket slippage near the barrel ends and due to alpha-SiC-lining/Cr-MOV-steel-jacket thermal-expansion mismatch, tensile axial stresses develop in both single-piece and segmented ceramic liners near the barrel ends. These stresses can become sufficiently high, particularly during the burst firing case, so that they can induce formation of the circumferential cracks and, in turn, lining failure. The lining failure probability has been computed for a single-round and a ten-round burst firing mode. Lining segmentation is found to be beneficial, particularly in the ten-round case where it can reduce the lining failure probability by as much as 18%. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-3069 J9 MATER DESIGN JI Mater. Des. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 AR PII S0261-3069(02)00080-8 DI 10.1016/S0261-3069(02)00080-8 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 638HA UT WOS:000180564500009 ER PT J AU Sweeney, RE Maxwell, DM AF Sweeney, RE Maxwell, DM TI A theoretical expression for the protection associated with stoichiometric and catalytic scavengers in a single compartment model of organophosphorus poisoning SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus compound; protective ratio; scavenger; mathematical model; LD50 ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE PROPHYLAXIS; MICE; SOMAN; CARBOXYLESTERASE; TOXICITY AB The ability of certain organophosphorus (OP) compounds to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has made them useful for industrial (insecticides) and military (nerve agents) purposes. We have previously published a single compartment mathematical model of the interactions between OP nerve agents and the enzymes affected by these agents. That model, which could be used to predict the LD50 of seven nerve agents in rats, has been extended to include the protective actions of stoichiometric and catalytic OP-scavenger enzymes (delivered as pretreatments) so that protective ratios attributable to the scavengers may be predicted. Prediction of expected human protection from in vitro rate constant and initial enzyme level measurements is the ultimate goal for this work. The enhanced model predicts the LD50 from rate constants of the OP agent's binding reactions with AChE, carboxylesterase (CaE) and a stoichiometric scavenger (S); a first-order OP elimination rate (including a contribution due to a catalytic scavenger); and whole body estimates of AChE, CaE and S. The ratio of the scavenger-treated LD50 estimate to the scavenger-free LD50 estimate provided a theoretical expression describing the scavenger's contributions to the protective ratio. Published in vivo protective ratios for two stoichiometric scavengers (fetal bovine serum AChE and human utyrylcholinesterase) against challenge by several OP agents in mice were compared with ratios predicted by the model. A linear regression analysis of in vivo protective ratios in mice versus the ratios predicted by the model from the in vitro measurements resulted in an R-2 value of 0.902. The catalytic scavenger portion of the theory could not be validated due to a lack of published data. We conclude that the one-compartment model can be used to make reasonable estimates of the protective ratio attributable to stoichiometric scavengers, but can make no conclusions regarding the ability of the model to predict catalytic scavenger protection ratios. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Res Engn Consultants, RESECO, Upper Darby, PA 19082 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sweeney, RE (reprint author), Res Engn Consultants, RESECO, POB 2311, Upper Darby, PA 19082 USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-5564 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 181 IS 2 BP 133 EP 143 AR PII S0025-5564(02)00154-2 DI 10.1016/S0025-5564(02)00154-2 PG 11 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 624XH UT WOS:000179786800002 PM 12445758 ER PT J AU Ervin, MH AF Ervin, MH TI A simple low-vacuum environmental cell SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE environmental SEM; low-vacuum SEM; in situ SEM; ionization cascade; environmental cell; differential pumping; environmental secondary detection; gaseous detector device ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; SEM AB The environmental cell device discussed in this paper provides a modest low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (SEM) capability to a standard SEM without requiring additional pumping. This environmental cell confines a volume of low vacuum in contact with the sample surface using a container that has an aperture for admitting the primary electron beam. The aperture is large enough to permit a limited field of view of the sample, and small enough to limit the outflow of gas into the SEM chamber to that which can be accommodated by the standard SEM pumping system. This environmental cell also functions as a gaseous detector device. C1 USA, Res Lab, MS, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ervin, MH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, MS, AMSRL SE RL, 2800 Powder Mill RD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.1017/S14131927603030022 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 641NZ UT WOS:000180752300002 PM 12597784 ER PT J AU Hsieh, DA Stout, JW Lee, RB Gaydos, JC AF Hsieh, DA Stout, JW Lee, RB Gaydos, JC TI The incidence of eye injuries at three US Army installations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Studies addressing the impact of eye injuries on U.S. Army readiness and the effectiveness of countermeasures are lacking. In 1989, the U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency undertook a prospective, multicenter study of military units in the peacetime Army at selected installations to define the incidence of eye injuries, assess associated variables, and identify targets for intervention. During the first 5 months of 1989 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Fort Campbell, Kentucky, and Fort Lewis, Washington, health care providers saw 103 new eye injuries with an overall rate of 14.18 injuries per 1,000 personnel annually. Almost one-half of the injuries (48 cases, 46.60%) occurred during on-duty work and training. Most (93 cases, 90.29%) of the soldiers were not wearing eye protection when injured. This study identifies possible targets for intervention and provides a baseline against which the interventions of the last decade may be assessed for effectiveness. C1 US Dept Def Hlth Affairs, Clin Informat Technol Program Off, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, TriServ Vis Conservat & Readiness Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Robyn B Lee & Associates LLC, Fawn Grove, PA 17321 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Hsieh, DA (reprint author), US Dept Def Hlth Affairs, Clin Informat Technol Program Off, 5113 Leesburg Pike,Suite 701, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 101 EP 105 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000004 PM 12636135 ER PT J AU Baum, SE Morris, JT Dooley, DP Watson, R AF Baum, SE Morris, JT Dooley, DP Watson, R TI Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an adult military beneficiary population lacking risk factors: Susceptibility to orally available agents SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-CENTER; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; CLINDAMYCIN; INFECTIONS; INCREASE AB To determine the unique susceptibility of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a function of the presence or absence of risk factors in a military beneficiary population, we reviewed all MRSA cases between 1994 and 1997 in a military medical center. Of 67 cases, 24 were community acquired, 9 of whom lacked risk factors for MRSA infection, and 43 cases were nosocomial. Among isolates from patients without risk factors, seven (77.8%) were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, eight (88.9%) to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, eight (88.9%) to erythromycin, eight (88.9%) to tetracycline, and nine (100.0%) to clindamycin. These rates were markedly higher than those seen in isolates obtained from community-acquired cases with risk factors as well as from nosocomial cases (p < 0.01). Three clonal types of MRSA from patients without risk factors were identified and susceptibilities were similar for each of the three types. These results indicate that therapy with active oral agents might be reasonable for some less severe MRSA infections in our active duty military patients without risk factors, and additional studies are merited. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. RP Baum, SE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 126 EP 130 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000010 PM 12643230 ER PT J AU Silverberg, MJ Brundage, JF Rubertone, MV AF Silverberg, MJ Brundage, JF Rubertone, MV TI Timing and completeness of routine testing for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 among active duty members of the US Armed Forces SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY; INFECTION AB Since 1985, the U.S. Armed Forces have conducted routine testing of personnel for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Sera that remain after testing are archived in the Department of Defense serum repository for potential uses in medical surveillance, clinical, and research activities. The goal of this study was to document the timing and completeness of routine human immunodeficiency virus type 1 testing among active duty military personnel and to identify factors associated with more recent testing. Demographic characteristics for active duty personnel were obtained from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Of all individuals on active duty on August 31, 2001 (N = 1,370,367), 98.6% had been tested. Older personnel, those with postgraduate degrees, and married personnel had the longest time intervals since their most recent tests. The results of this analysis may inform the planning and conduct of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 prevention programs as well as deployment-related or other surveillance activities. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Silverberg, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 160 EP 164 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000017 PM 12636147 ER PT J AU Lindler, LE Fan, W AF Lindler, LE Fan, W TI Development of a 5 ' nuclease assay to detect ciprofloxacin resistant isolates of the biowarfare agent Yersinia pestis SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE biowarfare; bioterrorism; antibiotic resistant; Yersinia pestis; fluorogenic PCR ID LEVEL FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; PCR; MUTATIONS; GYRA; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE AB The detection of antibiotic resistance in agents of biowarfare is extremely critical in order to start appropriate therapy in a timely manner. We have developed a 5' nuclease assay to detect ciprofloxacin resistance (Cip(r)) in Yersinia pestis. Two groups of fluorogenic probes were developed. The first group included a probe homologous to the wild type Y. pestis gyrA sequence with two corresponding probes that were homologous with two different mis-sense mutations in codon 81 of GyrA. The second group of probes included a wild type probe and two corresponding probes that recognized mis-sense mutations in codon 83 or gyrA. These probes specifically reacted only with the homologous DNA sequences. The 5' nuclease assay was sensitive to 1 pg (similar to 1 colony forming unit) of starting template and could be used on semi-purified DNA. We tested our optimized assay against a group of 38 Cip(r) Y. pestis isolates and demonstrated that it was accurate at determining the gyrA allele encoded by these strains. The 5' nuclease assay performed on the LightCycler proved to be sensitive, rapid and accurate at identification of Cip(r) Y. pestis and thus should be useful in characterization of this organism in the event of a future act of bioterrorism. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lindler, LE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM luther.lindler@na.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD FEB PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S0890-8508(02)00111-1 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 659CT UT WOS:000181760500008 PM 12628593 ER PT J AU Drew, C Liu, X Ziegler, D Wang, XY Bruno, FF Whitten, J Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Drew, C Liu, X Ziegler, D Wang, XY Bruno, FF Whitten, J Samuelson, LA Kumar, J TI Metal oxide-coated polymer nanofibers SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; FILMS; GLASS AB We report the fabrication of novel metal oxide-coated polymeric nanofibers using the electrospinning technique. Polyacrylonitrile fibers were electrospun into a nonwoven fiber membrane. The membranes were subsequently immersed in an aqueous solution of metal halide salts and halogen scavengers at room temperature to apply the metal oxide coating. Tin dioxide and titanium dioxide were both successfully coated by this method. Coated fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Glass slides were coated with metal oxides by the same technique and were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the metal oxide surface composition. Fiber diameters were on the order of 100 nm, and the observed coating thickness ranged from about 20 to 80 nm. C1 USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Samuelson, LA (reprint author), USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. NR 15 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 143 EP 147 DI 10.1021/nl025850m PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 645VW UT WOS:000181001500008 ER PT J AU Ben-David, A Ifarraguerri, A Samuels, AC AF Ben-David, A Ifarraguerri, A Samuels, AC TI Correlation spectroscopy with diffractive grating synthetic spectra and orthogonal subspace projection filters SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE correlation spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; orthogonal subspace projection (OSP); vapor detection; false alarm; diffractive optics; synthetic spectra AB We evaluate the feasibility of implementing correlation spectroscopy for remote sensing with a passive IR sensor that incorporates aractive grating on which a synthetic spectrum is imbedded. The spectral diffraction reflectances of diffractive gratings are measured and compared to the theoretical design spectra and to the library absorbance spectra. Five gratings are evaluated: sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), [(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]butanedioic acid, diethyl ester (malathion), diisopropyl-methylphosphonate (DIMP), methylphosphono-fluoridic acid, (1-methyl ethyl) ester (Sarin or GB), and O-ethyl-S-(2-diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX). While the gratings were designed from liquid phase infrared spectra, the measurements and models provide a satisfactory proof of principle for the exploitation of synthetic spectra in correlation spectroscopy. The predicted noise equivalent concentration pathlength (NECL) for detecting GB and VX in a desert environment is computed for distances up to 5 km. The device was found to have high sensitivity in terms of NECL. The selectivity of the grating is found to be poor, but can be improved dramatically with the use of orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) filters that reduce the false alarm (improve selectivity) from misidentifying a GB as VX (and vice versa) at the "cost" of a slight increase of the NECL (reduce sensitivity). (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Sci & Technol Corp, Edgewood, MD 21040 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ben-David, A (reprint author), Sci & Technol Corp, 500 Edgewood Rd,Suite 205, Edgewood, MD 21040 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.1117/1.1531638 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 655BM UT WOS:000181531500006 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC AF Gaunaurd, GC TI Use of Mueller matrices in the photoelastic determination of the stress distribution in a model for a solid propellant rocket grain SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Mueller matrices; photoelasticity; stress analysis; solid propellant; rocket grain; isochromatic fringes AB We introduce some basic optical rules dealing with Mueller matrices as phenomenological descriptors of optical devices. Specific simple examples illustrate how all the Stokes parameters of a beam passing through a system of several devices can be determined by the multiplication of the individual Mueller matrices of the respective system components and the Stokes vector of the incident beam. Two resulting families of interference fringes in the (visible) emerging field of the devices considered are separated from each other by the introduction of suitable additional system components. The "isochromatic" family of fringes can thus be isolated from the "isoclinic" family, and a natural application to photoelastic problems becomes evident. Thus, a second purpose is to use this technique and these fringes to photoelastically determine the stress distribution in a disk with a square perforation, when the disk is subjected to a uniformly distributed pressure, acting at its outside or at its inside periphery. This enables the visualization and quantification of the stresses developed during the burning of the grain. The size of the square hole and the radii of the fillets at the corners of the square are variables of the study. Results are given as stress concentration factors, in dimensionless form, and are of use to the designer of solid propellant rocket grains. An analogy is given to suggest another application at longer wavelengths to calibrate or discriminate between some radar signals in the microwave region. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 467 EP 476 DI 10.1117/1.1533793 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 655BM UT WOS:000181531500025 ER PT J AU Courvoisier, F Boutou, V Favre, C Hill, SC Wolf, JP AF Courvoisier, F Boutou, V Favre, C Hill, SC Wolf, JP TI Plasma formation dynamics within a water microdroplet on femtosecond time scales SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BREAKDOWN AB We demonstrate that a highly confined plasma inclusion is formed inside a micrometric water droplet that is excited by a femtosecond laser. An 800-nm laser pulse generates a plasma inclusion by laser-induced breakdown that is subsequently probed by the elastic scattering of a second (400-nm) time-delayed ultrashort pulse. For a 25-mum-radius droplet and an incident intensity of 7 X 1012 W/cm(2) the radius of the highly localized plasma is 1.9 +/- 0.4 mum. We probed the plasma formation dynamics on femtosecond time scales by varying the delay between the pump and the probe pulses. Good agreement with numerical simulations of the process was found. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Lyon 1, Spectrometrie Ion & Mol Lab, LASIM, UMR 5579, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Courvoisier, F (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, Spectrometrie Ion & Mol Lab, LASIM, UMR 5579, 43 Blvd 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/B-8315-2012; Courvoisier, Francois/B-7958-2008 OI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/0000-0003-3729-958X; Courvoisier, Francois/0000-0002-4767-5940 NR 8 TC 16 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 3 BP 206 EP 208 DI 10.1364/OL.28.000206 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 636BB UT WOS:000180433700020 PM 12656333 ER PT J AU Sniezek, JC Francis, TB AF Sniezek, JC Francis, TB TI Inflammatory thyroid disorders SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID AMIODARONE-INDUCED THYROTOXICOSIS; ACUTE SUPPURATIVE THYROIDITIS; PYRIFORM SINUS FISTULA; FLOW DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY; TSH RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES; GRAVES-DISEASE; POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS; INDUCED HYPERTHYROIDISM; SUBACUTE THYROIDITIS; RIEDELS THYROIDITIS AB Inflammatory disorders of the thyroid are a heterogeneous mixture of conditions with variable clinical presentations, etiologies, and treatments. These very common disorders may result in a thyroid gland that is diffusely enlarged, nodular, or even normal in appearance, and the patient may experience either thyrotoxicosis or hypothyroidism. The clinical presentation can vary from severe pain to an absolute lack of symptoms. Although these inflammatory disorders seem to be very different, a common link is that they all cause an inflammatory reaction in the thyroid gland that results in a spectrum of clinical symptoms and presentations. With the aid of a careful history, physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic testing, the physician may successfully diagnose the type of thyroiditis and deliver appropriate and effective treatment. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Sniezek, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 116 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 IS 1 BP 55 EP + AR PII S0030-6665(02)00133-0 DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(02)00133-0 PG 18 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 656FC UT WOS:000181597300006 PM 12803009 ER PT J AU Sniezek, JC Holtel, M AF Sniezek, JC Holtel, M TI Rare tumors of the thyroid gland SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; DATA-BASE REPORT; ANAPLASTIC CARCINOMA; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CANCER; SARCOMA; SURGERY; DIAGNOSIS AB Although the vast majority of thyroid cancers are well-differentiated neoplasms that carry an excellent prognosis, a subset of rare tumors occasionally involves the thyroid gland with significantly increased rates of morbidity and mortality. These rare tumors of the thyroid gland (anaplastic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma) require early diagnosis and unique treatment algorithms. A familiarity with these rare tumors is mandatory for the provider who treats thyroid malignancy. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Sniezek, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 IS 1 BP 107 EP + AR PII S0030-6665(02)00134-2 DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(02)00134-2 PG 10 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 656FC UT WOS:000181597300009 PM 12803012 ER PT J AU Bentley, AA Gillespie, C Malis, D AF Bentley, AA Gillespie, C Malis, D TI Evaluation and management of a solitary thyroid nodule in a child SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY; TERM FOLLOW-UP; ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS; RET PROTOONCOGENE; NATURAL-HISTORY; YOUNG-ADULTS; CARCINOMA; CANCER; ADOLESCENTS; DISEASE AB Neck masses are frequent findings in the pediatric population and occasionally present a diagnostic challenge; one of the etiologies of a neck mass in a child may be caused by a thyroid abnormality. This article focuses on the evaluation and management of a solitary thyroid nodule in patients less than 18 years old. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, MCHL SE, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Malis, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, MCHL SE, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 IS 1 BP 117 EP + AR PII S0030-6665(02)00131-7 DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(02)00131-7 PG 13 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 656FC UT WOS:000181597300010 PM 12803013 ER PT J AU Giangreco, DM AF Giangreco, DM TI 'A score of bloody Okinawas and Iwo-Jimas': President Truman and casualty estimates for the invasion of Japan SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article ID HALF; MYTH; HIROSHIMA AB What did President Truman and his senior advisers believe would be the cost in American dead during the planned 1943-1946 invasion of Japan? Some historians have maintained that the huge casualty estimates quoted by Truman were a 'postwar creation' designed to justify the use of nuclear weapons, that such numbers never existed, or that, if they had, they were not contemplated outside of strictly military circles. Recently discovered documents at the Truman Library tell a different story. In the midst of the bloody fighting on Okinawa, Truman received a memorandum warning that the invasion could cost as many as 500,000 to 1 million American lives. He was so struck by this estimate that he ordered his senior civilian advisers to examine the memorandum. Fred M. Vinson, director of the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion, Secretary of State Cordell Hull, Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, and Acting Secretary of State Joseph C. Grew all were instructed to prepare a written analysis before separate meetings with the President. Some of Truman's advisers did not challenge the estimate, while others were in general agreement. Truman then promptly ordered a meeting with Stimson and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to discuss 'the losses in dead and wounded that will result from an invasion of Japan proper.' C1 US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Giangreco, DM (reprint author), US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 79 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 0030-8684 J9 PAC HIST REV JI Pac. Hist. Rev. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 72 IS 1 BP 93 EP 132 DI 10.1525/phr.2003.72.1.93 PG 40 WC History SC History GA 655DT UT WOS:000181536600004 ER PT J AU Stafford, EM Grady, BA AF Stafford, EM Grady, BA TI Military family support SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN C1 USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USAF, Biosci Corps, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Stafford, EM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 110 EP 115 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 642RX UT WOS:000180819200006 PM 12616934 ER PT J AU Martin, JE Keating, RF Cogen, PH Midgley, FM AF Martin, JE Keating, RF Cogen, PH Midgley, FM TI Long-term follow-up of direct heart shunts in the management of hydrocephalus SO PEDIATRIC NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE CSF shunting; direct heart shunt; hydrocephalus; outcome ID VENTRICULOPERITONEAL SHUNTS; GALLBLADDER SHUNTS; VENTRICULOATRIAL; CHILDREN; EXPERIENCE AB The authors performed a retrospective review of clinical data on 60 patients treated with direct heart shunts (DHSs) for hydrocephalus at the Children's National Medical Center from 1976 to 1979. Mean shunt survival was 79 months. Rates of proximal revision and infection were comparable to those in previous shunt series. Distal revision rates were lower than those reported in previous ventriculoatrial shunt series. The DHS is an effective self-lengthening cerebrospinal fluid shunt that may be considered as a salvage technique in the challenging shunt-dependent patient. Copyright (C) 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Neurol Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Ctr Neurosci & Behav Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Martin, JE (reprint author), 2101 Plyers Mill Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1016-2291 J9 PEDIATR NEUROSURG JI Pediatr. Neurosurg. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 38 IS 2 BP 94 EP 97 DI 10.1159/000068052 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery GA 644UL UT WOS:000180937700008 PM 12566843 ER PT J AU Amoroso, PJ Middaugh, JP AF Amoroso, PJ Middaugh, JP TI Research vs. public health practice: when does a study require IRB review? SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Alaska Div Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Anchorage, AK 99524 USA. RP Amoroso, PJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 36 IS 2 BP 250 EP 253 AR PII S0091-7435(02)00061-0 DI 10.1016/S0091-7435(02)00061-0 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 650KD UT WOS:000181261700015 PM 12591001 ER PT J AU Kappen, K Beyer, R AF Kappen, K Beyer, R TI Progress in understanding plasma-propellant interaction SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE plasma; ignition; radiation; plasma-propellant interaction (PPI); electrothermal-chemical (ETC) firings ID SIMULATION; RADIATION; IGNITION AB To explore the phenomena of the plasma-propellant interaction (PPI) and to point out the role of radiation, a series of experiments have been performed at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. For this, the plasma radiation to the propellant has been separated from all other energy transfer mechanisms. The results clearly indicate that the observed structural damage of translucent JA2 samples is due to radiation only. An other aim of this work is to clarify some misunderstandings in analyzing plasma-propellant interaction. By variation of the electrical pulse length it will be shown that electrical energy is in no way a useful parameter to characterize propellant response to variable plasma igniter systems. C1 Ind Anlagen Betriebsgesellsch GmbH, D-85521 Ottobrunn, Germany. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kappen, K (reprint author), Ind Anlagen Betriebsgesellsch GmbH, Einsteinstr 20, D-85521 Ottobrunn, Germany. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 28 IS 1 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1002/prep.200390004 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 651GE UT WOS:000181311500006 ER PT J AU Belden, CJ Weg, N Minor, LB Zinreich, SJ AF Belden, CJ Weg, N Minor, LB Zinreich, SJ TI CT evaluation of bone dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal as a cause of sound- and/or pressure-induced vertigo SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE computed tomography (CT), helical; computed tomography (CT), thin-section; ear, abnormalities; temporal bone, abnormalities; temporal bone ID TULLIO PHENOMENON; SPIRAL CT; EYE-MOVEMENTS; FISTULA AB PURPOSE: To describe the computed tomographic (CT) findings at different collimation widths associated with superior semicircular canal (SSC) dehiscence syndrome and to determine the frequency of these findings in a control population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Temporal bone CT scans with 1.0-mm and/or 0.5-mm collimation were obtained in 50 patients with sound- and/or pressure-induced vestibular symptoms. The control population consisted of 50 patients undergoing CT at 1.0-mm collimation and 57 patients undergoing CT at 0.5-mm collimation for other reasons. RESULTS: SSC dehiscence was documented on CT scans in all 36 patients with the clinical syndrome, with bilateral findings in six patients. Six other patients without specific clinical signs appeared to have dehiscence on 1.0-mm-collimated scans. Intact bone overlaying the SSC was subsequently identified with 0.5-mm-collimated CT in each case. On the 1.0-mm-collimated scans in 50 control patients, an area judged as possible or definite dehiscence was identified in 18 of 100 ears. The bone overlaying the SSC was intact in each of the 114 control ears evaluated with 0.5-mm-collimated CT. CT findings from the patients with vestibular symptoms combined with those in the control population indicated that the positive predictive value of an apparent dehiscence in the diagnosis of SSC dehiscence syndrome improved from 50% with 1.0-mm-collimated CT with transverse and coronal images to 93% with 0.5-mm-collimated CT with reformation in the plane of the SSC. CONCLUSION: The positive predictive value of CT in identification of SSC dehiscence syndrome improves with 0.5-mm-collimated helical CT and reformation in the SSC plane. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Dr Noah Weg & Associates, Suffern, NY USA. RP Minor, LB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 601 N Carolilne St,Rm 6253, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. NR 36 TC 115 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 226 IS 2 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1148/radiol.2262010897 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 639YC UT WOS:000180657000007 PM 12563123 ER PT J AU Vora, P Senecal, A Schaffner, DW AF Vora, P Senecal, A Schaffner, DW TI Survival of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565 in intermediate moisture foods is highly variable SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565; intermediate moisture foods; probability distribution functions; modeling; simulation ID RESPONSE-SURFACE MODELS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; INOCULUM SIZE; RISK ASSESSMENT; AEROBIC GROWTH; WATER ACTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; MICROBIOLOGY; NITRITE AB Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, enterotoxin-producing coccus. It is a hardy organism and known to survive over a wide range of water activities, pH values,and temperatures. The objective of this study was to model the survival or gradual inactivation of S aureus ATCC 13565 in intermediate moisture foods (IMFs). Various initial concentrations (similar to10(1), 10(2), 10(3), and 10(4) CFU/g) were used to inoculate three different IMFs (beefsteak, bread, and chicken pockets). Viable counts were determined up to 60 days using tryptic soy agar. Inoculum size did not influence the survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus in these foods. The rate of change (increase or decrease) in log CFU/day was calculated for every consecutive pair of data points and by linear regression for each inactivation curve. Both consecutive pair and linear regression rates of change were fit to logistic distributions (with parameters alpha and beta) for each food. Based on the distribution parameters, survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus was predicted by computer simulation. The simulations indicated an overall decline in S aureas population over time, although a small fraction of samples in the consecutive pair simulation showed a slight population increase even after 60 days, consistent with the observed data. Simulation results were compared to predictions from other computer models. The models of Stewart et al.((1)) were fail-safe, predicting the possibility of significant growth only after >3,000 days. The USDA pathogen modeling program predictions were found to be fail-dangerous, predicting declines at least four times faster than observed. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Food Risk Anal Initiat, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Schaffner, DW (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Food Risk Anal Initiat, 65 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RI Senecal, Andre/E-6605-2010 NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1111/1539-6924.00302 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 679AN UT WOS:000182899000018 PM 12635735 ER PT J AU Iliadis, AA Jones, KA AF Iliadis, AA Jones, KA TI International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium ISDRS 2001 Special Issue - Part II - Foreword SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Iliadis, AA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2373 AV Williams Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 47 IS 2 BP 173 EP 173 AR PII S0038-1101(02)00305-2 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00305-2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 628LR UT WOS:000179997200001 ER PT J AU Mitra, S Rao, MV Jones, K Papanicolaou, N Wilson, S AF Mitra, S Rao, MV Jones, K Papanicolaou, N Wilson, S TI Deep levels in ion implanted field effect transistors on SiC SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 01) CY DEC 05-07, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Electron Device Soc, USA, Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn, USA, Res Lab, NASA, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept DE SiC; ion implantation; annealing; deep levels; MESFET; MISFET; DLTS ID TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; ADVANCED POWER; SILICON; DEVICES AB N-channel FETs fabricated in SiC by ion implantation are studied by using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) to detect deep levels, which may influence device performance significantly. Enhancement mode MISFETs, made on 6H-SiC p-type epilayer using nitrogen source/drain implantation and MESFETs, made on semi-insulating bulk 4H-SiC using nitrogen as the channel and source/drain implantations were used for the DLTS characterization. For both of these devices, effective channel mobility is much smaller than the bulk mobility, due to possible residual implant lattice damage or dielectric/SiC interface traps. For MESFETs five different traps were identified and characterized by activation energies of 0.51, 0.6, 0.68, 0.768 and 0.89 eV above the valence band edge E,. Five gate dielectric traps and eight interface hole/electron traps were revealed for MISFETs. Gate dielectric traps were distinguished by different activation energies of 0.109, 0.132, 0.15, 0.4 and 0.6 eV. Two shallow gate dielectric/semiconductor interface traps were identified at E-v + 0.2 eV (hole trap) and E-c - 0.362 eV (electron trap). Four deep level traps were found in the activation energy range of 0.6-0.8 eV above the valence band edge with capture cross-section similar to10(-16)-10(-17) cm(2). Other traps were detected at DeltaE = 0.437 and 0.47 eV above E-v. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Motorola Inc, SPS, Digital DNA Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. RP Rao, MV (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 47 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 AR PII S0038-1101(02)00194-6 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00194-6 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 628LR UT WOS:000179997200005 ER PT J AU Ruppalt, LB Stafford, S Yuan, D Jones, KA Ervin, MH Kirchner, KW Zheleva, TS Wood, MC Geil, BR Forsythe, E Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T AF Ruppalt, LB Stafford, S Yuan, D Jones, KA Ervin, MH Kirchner, KW Zheleva, TS Wood, MC Geil, BR Forsythe, E Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T TI Using a PLD BN/AlN composite as an annealing cap for ion implanted SiC SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 01) CY DEC 05-07, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Electron Device Soc, USA, Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn, USA, Res Lab, NASA, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept DE boron nitride; silicon carbide; aluminum nitride; ion implantation; annealing cap ID FILM DEPOSITION; BORON; SIC(0001); ALUMINUM; ALPHA AB A dual BN/AlN capping layer has been developed for annealing implanted SiC up to a temperature of at least 1700 degreesC. The AlN is used as a protective layer on SiC because it is chemically inert on the material and can be removed selectively with a warm KOH etch, while the BN layer prevents the AlN from evaporating at temperatures above 1600 degreesC. Prior to etching off the AlN film, the BN film is ion milled off. The BN film appears to be an excellent cap as the hexagonal phases present, hexagonal (hBN) and turbostratic (tBN), are stable to temperatures in excess of 2000 degreesC. After annealing, the BN forms a tight seal on top of the AlN in a dense epitaxial h-BN phase, with a t-BN layer forming above the hBN. The tBN layer should be able to accommodate strains caused by lattice mismatch and differences in the thermal coefficients of expansion because it, like graphite, forms strong sp(2) bonds in the basal plane, but contains loosely bonded basal planes that easily slip over each other. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ruppalt, LB (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 12 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 47 IS 2 BP 253 EP 257 AR PII S0038-1101(02)00203-4 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00203-4 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 628LR UT WOS:000179997200014 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of urazole SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; urazole; nitrogen inversion ID CYTOTOXIC ACTION; 1,2-DIACYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLIDINE-3,5-DIONES; MURINE; CELLS; DERIVATIVES; RODENTS; 1-ACYL AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of urazole are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion (N-H stretch, C = 0 stretch, C-N stretch, N-N stretch, N-H bend, C = O bend, N-C-N bend, ring torsion) utilizing the C-2 symmetry of the molecule. The molecular orbitals of urazole are examined. The simultaneous double inversion of the amine groups in urazole is also examined. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 3 BP 637 EP 650 AR PII S1386-1425(02)00210-X DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00210-X PG 14 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 639EZ UT WOS:000180615800025 PM 12524134 ER PT J AU Kesling, KL Lonstein, JE Denis, F Perra, JH Schwender, JD Transfeldt, EE Winter, RB AF Kesling, KL Lonstein, JE Denis, F Perra, JH Schwender, JD Transfeldt, EE Winter, RB TI The crankshaft phenomenon after posterior spinal arthrodesis for congenital scoliosis - A review of 54 patients SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE congenital scoliosis; crankshaft phenomenon; posterior spinal arthrodesis ID IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; FUSION; PROGRESSION AB Study Design. Retrospective chart and radiographic reviews were conducted: Objective. To identify the incidence of and any possible risk factors for the crankshaft phenomenon after posterior spinal arthrodesis for congenital scoliosis. Summary of Background Data. Studies have shown the crankshaft problem to-be common after posterior arthrodesis for infantile and juvenile idiopathic scoliosis,; but the few reports available show it to be much less, common for congenital, scoliosis. Methods. This study chose children fused before the pubertal growth spurt, all classified as Risser 0 and with open triradiate cartilages. These children were followed to the end of their,growth (mean follow-up period 12 years): Several measurement parameters were used for; evaluation. Results. The crankshaft problem, measured as a Cobb angle increase of more than 10degrees was seen in 15% of the 54 patients. There was a positive, correlation with earlier surgery and larger, (>50degrees) curves. No other positive correlations could be identified. Conclusions. Crankshafting was observed in 15% of. the patients; more often with larger curves and earlier fusions. C1 USA, El Paso, TX USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthoped, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Lonstein, JE (reprint author), 913 E 26th St,600, Minneapolis, MN 55404 USA. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 3 BP 267 EP 271 DI 10.1097/00007632-200302010-00012 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 643JZ UT WOS:000180859300011 PM 12567029 ER PT J AU Reid, TJ AF Reid, TJ TI Hb-based oxygen carriers: are we there yet? SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Review ID CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN; SICKLE-CELL DISEASE; POLYMERIZED BOVINE HEMOGLOBIN; ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE; ACUTE CHEST SYNDROME; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; NITRIC-OXIDE; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; AORTIC-SURGERY C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Reid, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 75 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 2003 VL 43 IS 2 BP 280 EP 287 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00314.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 644ET UT WOS:000180905500022 PM 12559026 ER PT J AU McLeod, DG Sartor, O AF McLeod, DG Sartor, O TI Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer: Controversies and advances - Introduction SO UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Oncol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Stanley S Scott Canc Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP McLeod, DG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Oncol Clin, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2 4F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 61 IS 2A SU S BP 1 EP 2 AR PII S0090-4295(02)02392-0 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02392-0 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 649QC UT WOS:000181218600001 ER PT J AU McLeod, DG AF McLeod, DG TI Hormonal therapy: Historical perspective to future directions SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Hormonal Therapy for Prostate Cancer CY MAY 24, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA ID ADVANCED PROSTATE-CANCER; INTERMITTENT ANDROGEN SUPPRESSION; PARENTERAL ESTROGEN; ANTIANDROGEN MONOTHERAPY; CARCINOMA; DEPRIVATION; ENDOCRINE; ABLATION; ANALOGS; HEALTH AB Prostate cancer is second only to lung and bronchial cancer as the leading cause of cancer death in men. Local treatment, surgery, and radiation remain the mainstay of treatment for early-stage disease. However, in locally advanced and advanced disease, there has been considerable evolution in the hormonal therapies. Suppression of testosterone production, the primary goal of hormonal therapy, may be accomplished with the use of estrogens, antiandrogens, and agonists and antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). This article provides an overview of the primary hormonal therapies currently used in prostate cancer. Estrogen therapy was initially the predominant medical form of hormone manipulation and an alternative to orchiectomy. However, serious thrombogenic side effects were associated with its use, which decreased after the introduction of LHRH agonists in the 1980s. Many of the side effects occurring with oral estrogen therapy may be modulated by parenteral administration, and thus estrogen use is being revisited. LHRH agonists effectively reduce testosterone levels to castration levels (<50 ng/mQ within 2 to 4 weeks, although their use is associated with tumor flare. Antiandrogen monotherapy may offer quality-of-life benefits over treatment with androgen deprivation. The additive benefit of combined androgen blockade is yet to be determined. Recent evidence suggests that hormonal therapy may offer a survival benefit when initiated in earlier stages of prostate cancer. Future investigations will be directed to determining the most efficacious regimens. UROLOGY 61 (Suppl 2A): 3-7, 2003. (C) 2003, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Oncol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McLeod, DG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Oncol Clin, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2 4F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 35 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 61 IS 2A SU S BP 3 EP 7 AR PII S0090-4295(02)02393-2 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02393-2 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 649QC UT WOS:000181218600002 PM 12667881 ER PT J AU Doebler, JA AF Doebler, JA TI Blockade of sulfur mustard cytotoxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes with the purinergic receptor antagonist suramin SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATP RECEPTOR; P2X(7) AB Studies were conducted to determine whether sulfur mustard (HD)-induced cytotoxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) could be prevented by the P2 purinergic receptor antagonist suramin. Alamar blue and calcein-AM cytotoxicity assays were conducted 48 h after HD exposure. Short (10-15 min) pre-incubations with 1-5 mM suramin blocked the cytotoxic effect of HD over a narrow HD concentration range (100-150 muM). This protective effect was suramin-concentration dependent and was present if the medium was removed when HD was nears completely hydrolyzed (60 min post-administration). Thus, suramin was required on during the actual presence of HD to exert its protective effect and not during later events required for the expression of HD-induced cytotoxicity (HD-induced cell death in HEK requires 48-72 h). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that purinergic receptors are involved in the cytotoxic effect of HD. Although suramin possesses a variety of actions unrelated to purinergic receptors, other evidence suggests that HD and suramin interact at the level of P2X receptors. Cysteine residues are primary targets of both HD and suramin. P2X receptors contain a large, cysteine-rich extracellular loop that appears critical for receptor function. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Doebler, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB PI MANHATTAN PA KANSAS STATE UNIV, MANHATTAN, KS 66506-5606 USA SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 45 IS 1 BP 14 EP 17 PG 4 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA 639EY UT WOS:000180615700005 PM 12583689 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Custer, DM Thompson, E AF Hooper, JW Custer, DM Thompson, E TI Four-gene-combination DNA vaccine protects mice against a lethal vaccinia virus challenge and elicits appropriate antibody responses in nonhuman primates SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE vaccinia; monkeypox; smallpox; orthopoxvirus; vaccination; protection; mice; macaques; DNA vaccine ID EXTRACELLULAR ENVELOPED VIRUS; NEUTRALIZING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INTRACELLULAR MATURE VIRIONS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MEMBRANE; GLYCOPROTEIN; ENCODES; IDENTIFICATION; SURFACE; PROTEINS AB Two major infectious forms of vaccinia virus (VACV) have been described: the intracellular mature virion (IMV), and the extracellular enveloped virion (EEV). Due to their stability in the environment, IMVs play a predominant role in host-to-host transmission, whereas EEVs play an important role in dissemination within the host. In a previous report, we demonstrated that mice vaccinated with VACV L I R (IMV immunogen) and A33R (EEV immunogen) were protected from a lethal poxvirus challenge. Vaccination with a combination of both genes conferred greater protection than either gene alone, suggesting that an immune response against both IMV and EEV is advantageous. Here, we report that in mice individually administered DNA vaccines with two different VACV immunogens, A27L (IMV immunogen) or B5R (EEV immunogen), failed to significantly protect; however, vaccination with a combination of both genes conferred a high level of protection. Mice were completely protected when vaccinated with a combination of four VACV genes (A27L + A33R + L1R + B5R). Rhesus macaques vaccinated with this four-gene-combination developed appropriate antibody responses to each protein. Antibody responses elicited by this vaccine cross-reacted with monkeypox virus orthologous proteins. These data indicate that a gene-based vaccine comprised of the VACV A27L + A33R + L I R + B5R genes may be a useful candidate to protect against other orthopoxviruses, including those that cause monkeypox and smallpox. Published by Elsevier Science (USA). C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 47 TC 134 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 306 IS 1 BP 181 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0042-6822(02)00038-7 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 654TA UT WOS:000181511100020 PM 12620810 ER PT J AU Cote, PJ Todaro, ME Kendall, G Witherell, M AF Cote, PJ Todaro, ME Kendall, G Witherell, M TI Gun bore erosion mechanisms revisited with laser pulse heating SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE laser pulse heating; gun bore erosion; melting; planar solidification; cellular solidification; gas-metal reactions; oxidation-induced segregation AB Prior work has shown that laser pulse heating with appropriate energy and pulse duration reproduces many of the important degradation effects at chromium coated gun bore surfaces. Among these effects are recrystallization and grain growth in the chromium, major cracks in the chromium, a heat-affected zone in the steel substrate, oxidation of steel at the chromium crack tips, and initiation and propagation of blunt cracks into the heat-affected zone of the steel substrate. This report describes further studies of gun steel using laser pulse heating in air, argon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. The observed features include surface roughening, melting and oxidation-induced composition changes on the steel surface. Computer modeling of the laser pulse process was performed for the specimen configuration used in these experiments. Comparisons of laser pulse heating experiments with data from damaged surfaces of fired gun barrels offer new perspectives on gun bore degradation mechanisms. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Todaro, ME (reprint author), USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JAN 30 PY 2003 VL 163 BP 478 EP 483 AR PII S0257-8972(02)00645-X DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00645-X PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 636JG UT WOS:000180450700073 ER PT J AU McGuire, AD Sturm, M Chapin, FS AF McGuire, AD Sturm, M Chapin, FS TI Arctic transitions in the land-atmosphere system (ATLAS): Background, objectives, results, and future directions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Arctic; carbon; energy; tundra; water ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CO2 EFFLUX; TUNDRA ECOSYSTEMS; HIGH-LATITUDES; SOIL RESPIRATION; BOREAL FORESTS; ACTIVE LAYER; FRONTAL ZONE; FRESH-WATER AB [1] This paper briefly reviews the background, objectives, and results of the Arctic Transitions in the Land - Atmosphere System ( ATLAS) Project to date and provides thoughts on future directions. The key goal of the ATLAS Project is to improve understanding of controls over spatial and temporal variability of terrestrial processes in the Arctic that have potential consequences for the climate system, i.e., processes that affect the exchange of water and energy with the atmosphere, the exchange of radiatively active gases with the atmosphere, and the delivery of freshwater to the Arctic Ocean. Three important conclusions have emerged from research associated with the ATLAS Project. First, associated with the observation that the Alaskan Arctic has warmed significantly in the last 30 years, permafrost is warming, shrubs are expanding, and there has been a temporary release of carbon dioxide from tundra soils. Second, the winter is a more important period of biological activity than previously appreciated. Biotic processes, including shrub expansion and decomposition, affect snow structure and accumulation and affect the annual carbon budget of tundra ecosystems. Third, observed vegetation changes can have a significant positive feedback to regional warming. These vegetation effects are, however, less strong than those exerted by land - ocean heating contrasts and the topographic constraints on air mass movements. The papers of this special section provide additional insights related to these conclusions and to the overall goal of ATLAS. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab Alaska, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP McGuire, AD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 214 Irving I Bldg, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffadm@uaf.edu; msturm@crrel.usace.army.mil; terry.chapin@uaf.edu NR 89 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 25 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D2 AR 8166 DI 10.1029/2002JD002367 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 660GB UT WOS:000181824500003 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of tetraisocyanatogermane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra ID COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; EFFICIENT; ATOMS AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Ge(NCO)(4) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Ge-N stretch, N-C-O symmetric stretch, N-C-O asymmetric stretch, N-C-O bend, Ge-N-C bend, and N-Ge-N bend) utilizing the T-d symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Chem, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Chem, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JAN 24 PY 2003 VL 620 IS 2-3 BP 165 EP 175 AR PII S0166-1280(02)00596-1 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(02)00596-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 638VY UT WOS:000180594000008 ER PT J AU Ip, K Overberg, ME Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ Stutz, CE Luo, B Ren, F Look, DC Zavada, JM AF Ip, K Overberg, ME Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ Stutz, CE Luo, B Ren, F Look, DC Zavada, JM TI Hydrogen incorporation and diffusivity in plasma-exposed bulk ZnO SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE; SHALLOW DONOR; DEVICES; FILMS; GAN AB Hydrogen incorporation depths of >25 mum were obtained in bulk, single-crystal ZnO during exposure to H-2 plasmas for 0.5 h at 300 degreesC, producing an estimated diffusivity of similar to8x10(-10) cm(2)/V.s at this temperature. The activation energy for diffusion was 0.17+/-0.12 eV, indicating an interstitial mechanism. Subsequent annealing at 500-600 degreesC was sufficient to evolve all of the hydrogen out of the ZnO, at least to the sensitivity of secondary ion mass spectrometry (<5x10(15) cm(-3)). The thermal stability of hydrogen retention is slightly greater when the hydrogen is incorporated by direct implantation relative to plasma exposure, due to trapping at residual damage in the former case. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. AFRL MLPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ip, K (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 26 TC 177 Z9 180 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 385 EP 387 DI 10.1063/1.1539927 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636HT UT WOS:000180449100025 ER PT J AU Huang, ZP Carnahan, DL Rybczynski, J Giersig, M Sennett, M Wang, DZ Wen, JG Kempa, K Ren, ZF AF Huang, ZP Carnahan, DL Rybczynski, J Giersig, M Sennett, M Wang, DZ Wen, JG Kempa, K Ren, ZF TI Growth of large periodic arrays of carbon nanotubes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FILMS; DOT AB Large periodic arrays of carbon nanotubes have been grown by plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition on periodic arrays of nickel dots that were prepared by polystyrene nanosphere lithography. A single layer of self-assembled polystyrene spheres was first uniformly deposited on a silicon wafer as a mask, and then electron beam vaporization was used to deposit a nickel layer through the mask. The size of and spacing between the nickel dots are tunable by varying the diameter of the polystyrene spheres, which consequently determines the diameter and site density of carbon nanotubes. The technique can be scaled up at much lower cost than electron beam lithography. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 NanoLab Inc, Brighton, MA 02135 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02467 USA. RP Ren, ZF (reprint author), NanoLab Inc, Brighton, MA 02135 USA. RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 18 TC 129 Z9 132 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 460 EP 462 DI 10.1063/1.1539299 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636HT UT WOS:000180449100050 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, IH Wang, XF Landau, NR Robb, ML Polonis, VR Birx, DL Kim, JH AF Chowdhury, IH Wang, XF Landau, NR Robb, ML Polonis, VR Birx, DL Kim, JH TI HIV-1 Vpr activates cell cycle inhibitor p21/Waf1/Cip1: A potential mechanism of G2/M cell cycle arrest SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; Vpr; cell cycle; G2/M phase; cdk; p21; transcription; p53 ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; YEAST SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES-POMBE; PRIMARY HUMAN MACROPHAGES; TYPE-1 VPR; DNA-DAMAGE; NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; IN-VIVO; PROTEIN; GENE AB The Vpr gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes a 14-kDa protein that prevents cell proliferation by causing arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Here we report the first evidence that Vpr activates the expression and transcription of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf1/Cip1 (hereafter p21), an inhibitor of the G1 and G2/M phase transitions in T lymphoid and myeloid cells. Vpr activated p21 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. Vpr also caused a three- to eightfold induction of the p21 promoter. This induction was dose- and time-dependent and was comparable to levels of p21 induction induced by p53. Of note, Vpr activated p21 transcription in endogenous p53 positive cells, but not in p53-deleted or p53 nonfunctional cells. Vpr and p53 had an additive effect on p21 transcription. Mutational analysis indicated that wt Vpr, but not cell cycle inactive Vpr mutants, activated the p21 promoter. These data demonstrate that HIV-1 Vpr utilizes the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, in addition to cdc2, to arrest cells in G2/M. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Infect Dis Lab, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Chowdhury, IH (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Div Retrovirol, 13 Taft Court,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 45 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 305 IS 2 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1006/viro.2002.1777 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 641DK UT WOS:000180729000014 PM 12573582 ER PT J AU Li, WZ Wen, JG Sennett, M Ren, ZF AF Li, WZ Wen, JG Sennett, M Ren, ZF TI Clean double-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by CVD SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SINGLE; PURIFICATION; GRAPHITE AB High quality double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) were synthesized by decomposition of methane over cobalt (Co) nanoparticles supported on porous MgO nanoparticles. The growth was significantly influenced by catalyst concentration and MgO type. Catalysts with 2.5-5 wt% Co loaded MgO (pore size: similar to4 nm) efficiently grow DWNTs with diameters of 2-4 nm, high graphitization, clean surfaces, and clean inside channels. The preliminary separation of DWNTs from MgO, Co and other carbonaceous nanoparticles has been carried out. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to analyze the chemical composition of the material's before and after purification. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ren, ZF (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014; Li, Wenzhi/J-6797-2016 OI Li, Wenzhi/0000-0001-8442-2232 NR 26 TC 102 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 17 PY 2003 VL 368 IS 3-4 BP 299 EP 306 AR PII S0009-2614(02)01862-6 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01862-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 634VA UT WOS:000180361200007 ER PT J AU Katz, DE DeLorimier, AJ Wolf, MK Hall, ER Cassels, FJ van Hamont, JE Newcomer, R Davachi, MA Taylor, DN McQueen, CE AF Katz, DE DeLorimier, AJ Wolf, MK Hall, ER Cassels, FJ van Hamont, JE Newcomer, R Davachi, MA Taylor, DN McQueen, CE TI Oral immunization of adult volunteers with microencapsulated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) CS6 antigen SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Vaccines for Enteric Diseases (VED 2001) CY SEP 12-14, 2001 CL TAMPERE, FINLAND DE enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); biodegradable microspheres; oral immunization ID COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; VACCINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; CHALLENGE AB As a step in the development of an oral vaccine against ETEC, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of CS6, a polymeric protein commonly found on the surface of ETEC. Formulations included I and 5 mg doses of CS6, either encapsulated in biodegradable polymer poly(D, L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLG), or as free protein, administered orally in a solution of either normal saline or a rice-based buffer. Three doses of CS6 were given at 2-week intervals. Blood was collected immediately before and 7 days after each dose. All formulations were well tolerated. Four of five volunteers who received I mg CS6 in PLG microspheres with buffer had significant IgA ASC responses (median = 30 ASC per 10(6) PBMC) and significant serum IgG responses (median = 3.5-fold increase). Oral administration of these prototype ETEC vaccine formulations are safe and can elicit immune responses. The ASC, serum IgA, and serum IgG responses to CS6 are similar in magnitude to the responses after challenge with wild-type ETEC [Coster et al., unpublished data]. Further studies are underway to determine whether these immune responses are sufficient for protection. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Therapeut, Forest Glen Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Headquarters, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Katz, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 20 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 17 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 5-6 BP 341 EP 346 AR PII S0264-410X(02)00613-8 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00613-8 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 645BM UT WOS:000180956400003 PM 12531630 ER PT J AU Card, DA Wisniewski, ES Folmer, DE Castleman, AW AF Card, DA Wisniewski, ES Folmer, DE Castleman, AW TI The relationship between covariance and anti-covariance mapping SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE covariance mapping; clusters; femtosecond laser; pyridine clusters; Coulomb explosion; time-of-flight mass spectrometer ID INTENSE LASER FIELDS; MULTIELECTRON DISSOCIATIVE IONIZATION; MULTIPHOTON MULTIPLE IONIZATION; COULOMB EXPLOSION; AMMONIA CLUSTERS; COHERENT CONTROL; MOLECULES; IONS AB Pyridine clusters are subjected to intense femtosecond laser pulses at fluences around 10(15) W cm(-2) at 620 nm, which results in multiple ionization and concomitant Coulomb explosion. A combined covariance map is considered which can be viewed as the overlay of two maps that describe the statistical interaction of the resulting time-of-flight spectra of the pyridine clusters which lead to species having large values of kinetic energy. The combined map is constructed from ones involving both positive covariance values and anti-covariance values obtained in the same experimental study. Significantly, the individual points representing positive and anti-covariance effects arising from the ionization of the clusters via femtosecond laser pulses are found to be mutually exclusive of each other as exemplified in this pyridine study. Our extension of covariance mapping, which was originally formulated by Frasinski et al. for simple molecular interactions, and is further developed in the present study, elucidates the presence of competitive reactions within cluster systems by comparison of the two maps. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, Davey Lab 152, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Castleman, AW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, Davey Lab 152, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 355 EP 363 AR PII S1387-3806(02)00928-4 DI 10.1016/S1387-3806(02)00928-4 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 634WT UT WOS:000180366000033 ER PT J AU Motayed, A Bathe, R Wood, MC Diouf, OS Vispute, RD Mohammad, SN AF Motayed, A Bathe, R Wood, MC Diouf, OS Vispute, RD Mohammad, SN TI Electrical, thermal, and microstructural characteristics of Ti/Al/Ti/Au multilayer Ohmic contacts to n-type GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TI/AL CONTACTS; IMPLANTATION; ALGAN/GAN; MECHANISM; SURFACES AB The electrical, thermal, and microstructural characteristics of Ti/Al/Ti/Au (30 nm/100 nm/30 nm/30 nm) multilayer Ohmic contacts to n-GaN (doping level 5x10(17) cm(-3)) were studied. The lowest contact resistivity derived from the annealed contact was rho(S)=3.0x10(-6)Omega cm(2). The contacts were robust and showed high-thermal stability. X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy studies were made to investigate the microstructure of the annealed contacts. The key to the success of the contact was the Ti layers placed on both sides of the Al layer. Upon annealing, there occurred both in-diffusion and out-diffusion of the Ti layer in intimate contact with the GaN film. The in-diffusion of this led to the formation of TiN, while the out-diffusion of this led to the formation of Ti-Al alloys. The second Ti layer also in-diffused and out-diffused during annealing. However, due to the presence of Au, the out-diffusion was marginalized, and the in-diffusion was higher than the out-diffusion. The in-diffusion led to the formation of Ti-Al alloys with the remaining Al content. Consequently, both the Al and the Ti (from the second Ti layer) contents were almost fully consumed, and none of them were left to appear on the contact surface to form oxides. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 2300 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RI Bathe, Ravi/A-8258-2008 OI Bathe, Ravi/0000-0002-7962-6908 NR 24 TC 86 Z9 93 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 2 BP 1087 EP 1094 DI 10.1063/1.1528294 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 630WW UT WOS:000180134200045 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Ochoa, L Hammond, LA Patnaik, A Edwards, T Takimoto, C Smith, L de Bono, J Schwartz, G Mays, T Jonak, ZL Johnson, R DeWitte, M Martino, H Audette, C Maes, K Chari, RVJ Lambert, JM Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Ochoa, L Hammond, LA Patnaik, A Edwards, T Takimoto, C Smith, L de Bono, J Schwartz, G Mays, T Jonak, ZL Johnson, R DeWitte, M Martino, H Audette, C Maes, K Chari, RVJ Lambert, JM Rowinsky, EK TI Cantuzumab mertansine, a maytansinoid immunoconjugate directed to the CanAg antigen: A phase I, pharmacokinetic, and biologic correlative study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN; LYMPHOMA; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Purpose: To determine the maximum tolerated dose and pharmacokinetics of contuzumab mertansine, an immunoconjugate of the potent maytansine derivative (DM1) and the humanized monoclonal antibody (huC242) directed to CanAg, intravenously (IV) once every 3 weeks and to seek evidence of antitumor activity. Patients and Methods: Patients with CanAg-expressing solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of cantuzumab mertansine administered IV every 3 weeks. The phormacokinetic parameters of cantuzumab mertonsine, the presence of plasma-shed CanAg, and the development of both human antihuman and human anti-DM1 conjugate antibodies also were characterized. Results: Thirty-seven patients received 110 courses of cantuzumab mertonsine at doses ranging from 22 to 295 mg/m(2). Acute, transient, and reversible elevations of hepatic transaminases were the principal toxic effects. Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and diarrhea were common but rarely severe at the highest dose levels. Dose, peak concentration, and area under the concentration-time curve correlated with the severity of transaminase elevation. The mean (+/- SD) clearance and terminal elimination half-life values for cantuzumab mertansine averaged 39.5 (+/- 13.1) mL/h/m(2) and 41.1 (+/- 16.1) hours, respectively. Strong expression (3 +) of CanAg was documented in 68% of patients. Two patients with chemotherapy-refractory colorectal carcinoma had minor regressions, and four patients had persistently stable disease for more than six courses. Conclusion: The recommended dose for contuzumab mertansine is 235 mg/m(2) IV every 3 weeks. The absence of severe hematologic toxic effects, preliminary evidence of cantuzumab mertansine tumor localization, and encouraging biologic activity in chemotherapy-refractory patients warrant further broad clinical development of this immunoconjugate in CanAg-expressing tumors. (C) 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA USA. ImmunoGen Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, 7979 Wurzbach,Suite 400, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 23 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 211 EP 222 DI 10.1200/JCO.2003.05.137 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 685UG UT WOS:000183281200007 PM 12525512 ER PT J AU Miller, TM Ballenthin, JO Hunton, DE Viggiano, AA Wey, CC Anderson, BE AF Miller, TM Ballenthin, JO Hunton, DE Viggiano, AA Wey, CC Anderson, BE TI Nitric acid emission from the F100 jet engine SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE nitric acid; nitrous acid; nitrogen dioxide; hydroxyl radical; F100 jet engine; chemical ionization mass spectrometer ID CRUISE ALTITUDE; AIRCRAFT PLUMES; HNO3; COMBUSTION; EVOLUTION; AEROSOL AB [1] A chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) from the Air Force Research Laboratory at Hanscom AFB was used to measure levels of HNO3 in the exhaust stream of the F100 jet engine both in a test cell at NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) at simulated altitudes 3-17 km and in flight behind F-16 aircraft at 9-11 km altitude. The HNO3 concentrations have been expressed as emission indices (EI) by normalizing to engine-produced CO2 measured by GRC instruments in the test cell and NASA-Langley Research Center instruments in flight. The test cell data showed that EI(HNO3) is independent of fuel sulfur level, and is highly dependent upon altitude for altitudes at which most commercial aircraft fly (below 12 km), mainly because the emission is a strong function of combustor inlet temperature, which is lower at high altitudes. EI(HNO3) at military power was 0.003 g NO2 kg(-1) fuel at low altitude (similar to3 km), and increased to 0.02 g kg(-1) for altitudes above 11 km. Operating the engine at 85% maximum turbine speed increased the figures above by a factor of about 2.5. At engine idle, EI(HNO3) was typically 0.14 g kg(-1). The decrease in EI(HNO3) with combustor inlet temperature is attributed to the temperature dependence of the NO2 + OH reaction producing HNO3. Comparing HNO3 emission indices with those measured at GRC for NO and NOx allowed us to determine the fraction of NO2 which is converted into HNO3 in the combustion process as a function of inlet temperature. Conversion of NO2 to HNO3 is 0.9% at military power for altitudes greater than or equal to11 km, and twice that at 85% maximum turbine speed. The conversion fraction changes dramatically in the 8-11 km altitude range, and is only 0.02% at 3 km altitude, for military power, or 0.2% at 85% maximum turbine speed. At engine idle, this fraction was about 8% at all altitudes. The accuracy of the (average) figures quoted above is +/-25%. The in situ data, obtained on 10 flights during the NASA Subsonic Near-Interaction Field (SNIF) experiment, are much less definitive but are consistent with the test cell results. C1 AF Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBXT, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Div Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NASA, Engine Components Div, Army Res Lab, High Speed Syst Off,Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Miller, TM (reprint author), AF Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBXT, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM thomas.miller@hanscom.af.mil; john.ballenthin@hanscom.af.mil; donald.hunton@hanscom.af.mil; albert.viggiano@hanscom.af.mil; chowen.c.wey@grc.nasa.gov; b.e.anderson@larc.nasa.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D1 AR 4032 DI 10.1029/2001JD001522 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 655WZ UT WOS:000181576800004 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of 3,5-diiodo-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 3,5-diiodo-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane; trithiadiborolane ID COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; EFFICIENT; ATOMS AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 3,5-diiodo-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane (B2S3I2) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (B-S stretch, B-I stretch, S-S stretch, S-B-S bend, B-I wag, B(SSI) umbrella motion) utilizing the C-2v symmetry of the molecule. The vibrational modes of the naturally isotopically substituted (BBS3I2)-B-10-B-11 and (B2S3I2)-B-10 forms of 3,5-diiodo-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane were also calculated and compared against experimental data. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 AR PII S0924-2031(02)00047-4 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(02)00047-4 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 634UZ UT WOS:000180361100005 ER PT J AU O'Shaughnessy, TJ Zim, B Ma, W Shaffer, KM Stenger, DA Zamani, K Gross, GW Pancrazio, JJ AF O'Shaughnessy, TJ Zim, B Ma, W Shaffer, KM Stenger, DA Zamani, K Gross, GW Pancrazio, JJ TI Acute neuropharmacologic action of chloroquine on cortical neurons in vitro SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aminoquinolone; cortical neuron; extracellular recording; malaria; microelectrode array; patch clamp ID TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE PHOSPHATE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; CALCIUM CHANNELS; IN-VITRO; CURRENTS; CELLS; INHIBITION; BIOSENSORS; NETWORKS AB Chloroquine, a common quinolone derivative used in the treatment of malaria, has been associated with neurologic side-effects including depression, psychosis and delirium. The neuropharmacologic effects of chloroquine were examined on cultured cortical neurons using microelectrode array (MEA) recording and the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Whole-cell patch clamp records under current-clamp mode also showed a chloroquine-induced depression of the firing rate of spontaneous action potentials by similar to40%, consistent with the observations with the MEA recording, although no changes in either the baseline membrane potential or input resistance were observed. Voltage clamp recordings of spontaneous post-synaptic currents, recorded in the presence of tetrodotoxin, revealed no obvious changes in either the amplitude or rate of occurrence of inward currents with application of chloroquine at 10 muM, suggesting that the fundamental molecular mechanisms underlying spontaneous synaptic transmission may not be affected by acute application of the drug. In contrast, a concentration-dependent inhibition of whole-cell calcium current was observed in the presence of chloroquine. These acute neuropharmacologic changes were not accompanied by cytotoxic actions of the compound, even after exposure of up to 500 muM chloroquine for 7 h. These data suggest that chloroquine can depress in vitro neuronal activity, perhaps through inhibition of membrane calcium channels. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ N Texas, Ctr Network Neurosci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Pancrazio, JJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Pancrazio, Joseph/M-3206-2015 OI Pancrazio, Joseph/0000-0001-8276-3690 NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JAN 10 PY 2003 VL 959 IS 2 BP 280 EP 286 AR PII S0006-8993(02)03763-0 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03763-0 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 635RG UT WOS:000180412500012 PM 12493616 ER PT J AU Foran, PG Mohammed, N Lisk, GO Nagwaney, S Lawrence, GW Johnson, E Smith, L Aoki, KR Dolly, JO AF Foran, PG Mohammed, N Lisk, GO Nagwaney, S Lawrence, GW Johnson, E Smith, L Aoki, KR Dolly, JO TI Evaluation of the therapeutic usefulness of botulinum neurotoxin B, C1, E, and F compared with the long lasting type A - Basis for distinct durations of inhibition of exocytosis in central neurons SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SYNAPTOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS; PERMEABILIZED CHROMAFFIN CELLS; INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; 25 KDA SNAP-25; CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; TETANUS TOXIN; SEROTYPE-A; AMINO-ACID AB Seven types (A-G) of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) target peripheral cholinergic neurons where they selectively proteolyze SNAP-25 (BoNT/A, BoNT/C1, and BoNT/E), syntaxin1 (BoNT/C1), and synaptobrevin (BoNT/B, BoNT/D, BoNT/F, and BoNT/G), SNARE proteins responsible for transmitter release, to cause neuromuscular paralysis but of different durations. BoNT/A paralysis lasts longest (4-6 months) in humans, hence its widespread clinical use for the treatment of dystonias. Molecular mechanisms underlying these distinct inhibitory patterns were deciphered in rat cerebellar neurons by quantifying the half-life of the effect of each toxin, the speed of replenishment of their substrates, and the degradation of the cleaved products, experiments not readily feasible at motor nerve endings. Correlation of target cleavage with blockade of transmitter release yielded half-lives of inhibition for BoNT/A, BoNT/C1, BoNT/B, BoNT/F, and BoNT/E (much greater than 31, much greater than 25, similar to10, similar to2, and similar to0.8 days, respectively), equivalent to the neuromuscular paralysis times found in mice, with recovery of release coinciding with reappearance of the intact SNAREs. A limiting factor for the short neuroparalytic durations of BoNT/F and BoNT/E is the replenishment of synaptobrevin or SNAP-25, whereas pulse labeling revealed that extended inhibition by BoNT/A, BoNT/B, or BoNT/C1 results from longevity of each protease. These novel findings could aid development of new toxin therapies for patients resistant to BoNT/A and effective treatments for human botulism. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Neurobiochem, London SW7 2AZ, England. Dept Food Microbiol & Toxicol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA 92623 USA. RP Dolly, JO (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Neurobiochem, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Lawrence, Gary/F-3949-2012; Dolly, Oliver/G-1532-2012 OI Dolly, Oliver/0000-0002-0861-5320 NR 46 TC 194 Z9 200 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 10 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 2 BP 1363 EP 1371 DI 10.1074/jbc.M209821200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 634CF UT WOS:000180321900086 PM 12381720 ER PT J AU Grant, SA AF Grant, SA TI Extension of a temperature effects model for capillary pressure saturation relations SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE capillary pressure; temperature; residual saturation ID WATER; SOILS; DEPENDENCE; MOISTURE; TENSION AB A series expression describing the effect of temperature on capillary pressure saturation relations was derived from the chemical thermodynamics of interfaces. Most systems studied could be described well by truncations of the series expression that retained one or two parameters. The one-parameter expression was appropriate for describing capillary pressures of soils experiencing modest changes in temperature. The van Genuchten [1980] equation modified with the one-parameter expression could be fitted precisely to 36 of 41 water-air capillary pressure saturation relations determined at more than one temperature. The residuals of the fitted equation were unaffected by degree of saturation. The one-parameter expression could describe equally well the effect of temperature on capillary pressures of homogeneous synthetic and natural heterogeneous porous media, for which a theoretical explanation was proposed. Asymptotic standard errors of the estimates for nonlinear regression analysis for the one-parameter expression fitted to water-oil and water-NAPL systems were of the order of the parameters themselves. This lack of fit may be more due to the wide temperature ranges studied for many of the water-oil and water-NAPL systems than the nature of the nonwetting phase. The two-parameter expression was appropriate for systems, such as petroleum reservoirs, subjected to pronounced changes in temperature. When compared to nonlinear regression fits to the one-parameter model, fits of van Genuchten's equation modified with the two-parameter expression generally reduced the errors of the parameter estimates but yielded only slight improvement in the mean square errors of the predicted values. A theoretical derivation indicates that the one-parameter expression should be appropriate also to describe the effect of temperature on the capillary pressures in very dry soils. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Grant, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JAN 9 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 1 AR 1003 DI 10.1029/2000WR000193 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 655QX UT WOS:000181565100001 ER PT J AU Yang, QG Seo, J Creekmore, S Temple, D Mott, A Min, NK Yoo, K Kim, SY Jung, SS AF Yang, QG Seo, J Creekmore, S Temple, D Mott, A Min, NK Yoo, K Kim, SY Jung, SS TI Distortions in Z-scan spectroscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-BEAM AB The sample imperfection induced distortions in the closed Z-scan curve are analyzed. It is found that both the magnitudes of the peak and valley transmittances and the shape of the curve are distorted significantly by the inhomogeneous thickness, the nonuniform nonlinearity, and the curved surfaces of the sample. The results suggest that the I-scan method is a more practical choice for the measurement of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of an inhomogeneous sample. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Sogang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Thermodynam & Green Proc Lab, Seoul 121742, South Korea. Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Seo, J (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. NR 5 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 6 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 1 BP 19 EP 21 DI 10.1063/1.1535264 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 630WV UT WOS:000180134100007 ER PT J AU Chu, CK Jin, YH Baker, RO Huggins, J AF Chu, CK Jin, YH Baker, RO Huggins, J TI Antiviral activity of cyclopentenyl nucleosides against orthopox viruses (smallpox, monkeypox and cowpox) SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBOCYCLIC NUCLEOSIDE; NEPLANOCIN-A; ANALOGS; 2',3'-DIDEHYDRO-2',3'-DIDEOXY; CHEMOTHERAPY; INHIBITORS; 1592U89; POTENT AB An improved method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure D-cyclopentenyl nucleosides has been accomplished and their antiviral activity against orthopox viruses have been evaluated. The key intermediate, L-cyclopent-2-enone 13 was prepared from D-ribose using a ring closing metathesis reaction in eight steps. Among the synthesized nucleosides, the adenine 2 (Neplanocin A), cytosine 14, and 5-F-cytosine 15 analogues exhibited potent anti-orthopox virus activity, including smallpox virus. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Chu, CK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI48495] NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD JAN 6 PY 2003 VL 13 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 AR PII S0960-894X(02)00841-7 DI 10.1016/S0960-894X(02)00841-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 629PL UT WOS:000180058000001 PM 12467606 ER PT J AU Schiavone, GA Wahid, P Palaniappan, R Tracy, J Dere, T AF Schiavone, GA Wahid, P Palaniappan, R Tracy, J Dere, T TI Analysis of ultra-wide band signal propagation in an indoor environment SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ultra-wide band; FDTD; ray tracing; simulation; urban environment AB Ultra-wide band signal propagation in an urban environment is measured and studied. The basic concept is to develop, transmit and receive an extremely short duration burst of radio frequency energy-typically a few tens of pico seconds to a few nanoseconds in duration. The resultant waveforms are extremely broadband, so much so that it is often difficult to determine an actual RF center frequency-thus the term "carrier-free" [1]. In this paper, the indoor propagation of UWB signals inside an office room is studied. A simulation model of this system is compared with the actual test results. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, Orlando, FL USA. RP Schiavone, GA (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD JAN 5 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 1 BP 13 EP 15 DI 10.1002/mop.10656 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 630CT UT WOS:000180090500005 ER PT J AU Simmons, G Reeves, JD Grogan, CC Vandenberghe, LH Baribaud, F Whitbeck, JC Burke, E Buchmeier, MJ Soilleux, EJ Riley, JL Doms, RW Bates, P Pohlmann, S AF Simmons, G Reeves, JD Grogan, CC Vandenberghe, LH Baribaud, F Whitbeck, JC Burke, E Buchmeier, MJ Soilleux, EJ Riley, JL Doms, RW Bates, P Pohlmann, S TI DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR bind Ebola glycoproteins and enhance infection of macrophages and endothelial cells SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; DENDRITIC CELLS; FILOVIRUS INFECTIONS; SURFACE PROTEIN; CELLULAR ENTRY; MARBURG VIRUS; EXPRESSION; TYPE-1; RECEPTOR AB Ebola virus exhibits a broad cellular tropism in vitro. In humans and animal models, virus is found in most tissues and organs during the latter stages of infection. In contrast, a more restricted cell and tissue tropism is exhibited early in infection where macrophages, liver, lymph node, and spleen are major initial targets. This indicates that cellular factors other than the broadly expressed virus receptor(s) modulate Ebola virus tropism. Here we demonstrate that the C-type lectins DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR avidly bind Ebola glycoproteins and greatly enhance transduction of primary cells by Ebola virus pseudotypes and infection by replication-competent Ebola virus. DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR are expressed in several early targets for Ebola virus infection, including dendritic cells, alveolar macrophages, and sinusoidal endothelial cells in the liver and lymph node. While DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR do not directly mediate Ebola virus entry, their pattern of expression in vivo and their ability to efficiently capture virus and to enhance infection indicate that these attachment factors can play an important role in Ebola transmission, tissue tropism, and pathogenesis. (C) 2002 Elsevier science (USA). C1 Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Sch Dent, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Penn, Abramson Family Canc Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Div Virol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mol Histopathol, Cambridge CB2 1QP, England. RP Doms, RW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Sch Dent, 3610 Hamilton Walk,225 Johnson Pavil, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM doms@mail.med.upenn.edu RI Vandenberghe, Luk/B-4678-2008; Reeves, Jacqueline/I-5379-2012; Simmons, Graham/G-3523-2012; OI Vandenberghe, Luk/0000-0002-3508-4924; Simmons, Graham/0000-0002-9615-7023; Pohlmann, Stefan/0000-0001-6086-9136; Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X; Bates, Paul/0000-0002-3918-5976 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA76256, R01 CA076256]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30-AI45008, R01 AI043455, R01 AI43455]; PHS HHS [R01 40880] NR 38 TC 203 Z9 214 U1 0 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN 5 PY 2003 VL 305 IS 1 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.1006/viro.2002.1730 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 632FX UT WOS:000180214200012 PM 12504546 ER PT J AU Savini, L Gaeta, A Fattorusso, C Catalanotti, B Campiani, G Chiasserini, L Pellerano, C Novellino, E McKissic, D Saxena, A AF Savini, L Gaeta, A Fattorusso, C Catalanotti, B Campiani, G Chiasserini, L Pellerano, C Novellino, E McKissic, D Saxena, A TI Specific targeting of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase recognition sites. Rational design of novel, selective, and highly potent cholinesterase inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BINDING AB Tacrine-based AChE and BuChE inhibitors were designed by investigating the topology of the active site gorge of the two enzymes. The homobivalent ligands characterized by a nitrogen-bridged atom at the tether level could be considered among the most potent and selective cholinesterase inhibitors described to date. The nitrogen-containing homobivalent ligands 3e,g and the sulfur-containing 3h validated the hypothesis of extra sites of interaction in the AChE and BuChE active site gorges. C1 Univ Siena, Dipartimento Chim Tecnol, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sostanze Nat, I-80131 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim Farmaceut & Tossicol, I-80131 Naples, Italy. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Campiani, G (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dipartimento Chim Tecnol, Via Aldo Moro, I-53100 Siena, Italy. EM campiani@unisi.it RI fattorusso, caterina/F-7113-2015; Catalanotti, Bruno/D-4025-2016 OI fattorusso, caterina/0000-0003-3330-4281; Catalanotti, Bruno/0000-0002-7532-6959 NR 13 TC 114 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JAN 2 PY 2003 VL 46 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1021/jm0255668 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 631WP UT WOS:000180190400001 PM 12502352 ER PT S AU Ward, BS AF Ward, BS GP IEEE TI Hybrid electrical drive (HED) vulnerability analysis - Technical subject area (08) SO 2003 IEEE 58TH VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS1-5, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE VTS Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 58th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2003) CY OCT 06-09, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE VTS C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SL BB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ward, BS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SL BB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM beth@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1090-3038 BN 0-7803-7954-3 J9 IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL PY 2003 BP 3241 EP 3245 DI 10.1109/VETECF.2003.1286249 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BAD40 UT WOS:000221662300655 ER PT S AU Masrur, MA Garg, VK Shen, J Richardson, P AF Masrur, MA Garg, VK Shen, J Richardson, P GP IEEE TI Comparison of system availability in an electric vehicle with multiplexed and non-multiplexed wiring harness SO 2003 IEEE 58TH VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VOLS1-5, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE VTS Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 58th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2003) CY OCT 06-09, 2003 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE VTS DE automotive electronics; electric vehicle (EV); hybrid electric vehicle (HEV); load availability; multiplex system; power electronics; reliability; vehicular electrical system architecture; vehicular power system; wiring harness AB In electric and hybrid electric vehicles, availability of the electrical system/subsystem is important in terms of customer satisfaction. This paper discusses the system/subsystem availability issues in electric vehicles where both auxiliary and the propulsion loads are actuated/controlled through a multiplexed wiring harness system. The paper compares the system availability with a regular non-multiplexed system. A metric is introduced, and the system availability is described in terms of this metric. C1 USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Masrur, MA (reprint author), USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1090-3038 BN 0-7803-7954-3 J9 IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL PY 2003 BP 3277 EP 3283 DI 10.1109/VETECF.2003.1286263 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BAD40 UT WOS:000221662300662 ER PT S AU Rock, JC Hamner, CA Vanderford, P AF Rock, JC Hamner, CA Vanderford, P GP IEEE IEEE TI Test results for a linear tapered slot antenna with varying slot-line lengths and mounting configurations SO 2003 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 08-15, 2003 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, Aerosp Corp, Analog Interfaces, AstroExpo com, Caltech, JPL, Circle Mt Co, Gandalf Associates, LLC, GEB Software Technologies, Missile Defense Agcy, NASA, Panasonic, SpectrumAstro, Superior Solut, TechLink AB This paper considers two different mounting options for a Linear Tapered Slot Antenna (LTSA). Five different antenna designs, utilizing five different slot-line lengths, were tested. The primary purpose of the test was to explore the possibility of using this type of antenna as a radar-receiving structure for possible applications in guided, mini-projectiles. The main emphasis of the testing was to demonstrate the effects of mounting the antennas on a conducting surface. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM, RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM, RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-7651-X J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2003 BP 933 EP 938 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BX65K UT WOS:000185997700092 ER PT S AU Chan, LCA Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Chan, LCA Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Improved target detector for FLIR imagery SO 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL II, PROCEEDINGS: SPEECH II; INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY TRACKS; DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS; NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY APR 06-10, 2003 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB Algorithms are considered for searching wide area forward-looking infrared imagery for military vehicles. Wide area search has typically been handled by using a simple detection algorithm with low computational cost to search the entire image or set of images, followed by a clutter rejection algorithm that analyzes only those portions of the image that are marked by the detection algorithm. We start with a feature based detector and a eigen-neural based clutter rejecter, and examine a number of architectures for combining these modules to maximize joint performance. The architectures considered include a clutter rejection threshold method and a nonlinear learning-based combination. The performance of the architectures are compared using a set of several thousand real images. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chan, LCA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 0-7803-7663-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2003 BP 401 EP 404 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering GA BX44V UT WOS:000185328600101 ER PT S AU Schepens, WJ James, JR AF Schepens, WJ James, JR GP IEEE IEEE TI Architecture of a Cyber Defense competition SO 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS, VOLS 1-5, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC 03) CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB This paper describes the effort involve in executing a Cyber Defense Exercise while focusing on the White Cell and Red Forces activities during the 2003 Inter-Academy Cyber Defense Exercise (CDX). These exercise components were led by the National Security Agency and were comprised of security professionals from Carnegie Mellon University's CERT the United States Air Force, and the United States Army. This hands-on exercise provided the capstone educational experience for information assurance students at the U. S. service academies. The White Cell developed the scenarios and anomalies, established the scoring criteria, refereed the exercise, and determined the winner based on the effectiveness of each academy to minimize the impact to their networks from the Red Forces network intelligence gathering, intrusion, attack and evaluation. To understand better all that is involved this paper takes advantage of the authors three years of experience in directing the activities associated with the planning and execution of the 2003 exercise. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Schepens, WJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 0-7803-7952-7 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2003 BP 4300 EP 4305 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BX83D UT WOS:000186578600699 ER PT S AU Dodge, RC Ragsdale, DJ Reynolds, C AF Dodge, RC Ragsdale, DJ Reynolds, C GP IEEE IEEE TI Organization and training of a Cyber security team SO 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS, VOLS 1-5, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC 03) CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc DE Information Assurance; Information Warfare; Cyber Defense; Computer Security; military; education AB The Cyber Defense Exercise (CDX), an annual competition between students at the five US. Service Academies has developed into an extraordinary educational experienced for the cadets and midshipmen who take part in the exercise. It provides an excellent capstone exercise for these students during which their knowledge of information assurance concepts and their skills in protecting and defending information systems are assessed in the context of realist, true-to-life scenario. During the three years that this exercise has been conducted two additional significant benefits, neither of which had been anticipated by the exercise developers, have been realized. In particular, as the manner in which cadet prepare for and participate in the CDX has evolved it has become clear that it is an excellent leader development experience for all of the exercise participants. Finally, since the skill and the knowledge levels of the participants has improved so dramatically over the past three years the CDX has become an excellent testing ground for new and emerging concepts in information assurance. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dodge, RC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 0-7803-7952-7 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2003 BP 4311 EP 4316 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BX83D UT WOS:000186578600701 ER PT S AU Dodge, RC Wilson, T AF Dodge, RC Wilson, T GP IEEE IEEE TI Network traffic analysis from the Cyber Defense Exercise SO 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS, VOLS 1-5, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC 03) CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc DE Cyber Defense Exercise; Network Defense; Network Trace Data AB Network data that contains both qualitative and quantitative traces Of malicious activity is difficult to come by. Once found, it is typically guarded by nondisclosure agreements that limit its usefulness for widespread research and analysis. Fortunately, the annual Cyber Defense Exercise between the US military academies provides four days of valuable network data; capturing both reconnaissance and attack actions. We have taken data from the 2002 and 2003 exercises and conducted an analysis of the traffic to provide an insight into traffic patterns associated with malicious activity. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dodge, RC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 0-7803-7952-7 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2003 BP 4317 EP 4321 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BX83D UT WOS:000186578600702 ER PT S AU Woolard, DL Brown, ER Samuels, AC Jensen, J Globus, T GelmonT, B Wolski, M AF Woolard, DL Brown, ER Samuels, AC Jensen, J Globus, T GelmonT, B Wolski, M BE Thal, H TI Terahertz-frequency remote-sensing of biological warfare agents SO 2003 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 08-13, 2003 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP IEEE MTT S AB This paper presents a detailed assessment of terahertz-frequency spectroscopy as a technique for the remote detection of biological warfare agents. Design studies are presented for a differential-absorption-radar (DAR) approach that utilizes the spectral signatures of Bacillus (B.) subtillus spores within the terahertz (THz) regime as the detection mechanism. The signature data used in these studies is taken from laboratory measurements performed on uniform thin films of B. Subtillus spores and the system performance is assessed for both incoherent and coherent detector modalities. These studies consider DAR remote sensing of biological (bio) clouds at significant ranges (i.e., 1 km) and include the effects of realistic atmospheric conditions. A high-level remote-sensor design is used to estimate the probabilities of detection (p(d)) and false-alarm (p(fa)) associated with this general technique. These studies suggest useful remote-detection performance can be achieved (i.e., p(d) > 0.9 & p(fa) much less than 10(-4) for bio-cloud densities < 10(3) cm(-3)) at 1 km ranges if the THz signature information remains predictably stable under varying atmospheric conditions (e.g., changes in humidity, spore activity state, etc). Furthermore, a realistic bio-agent airframe attack scenario is utilized to demonstrate standoff detection of bio-clouds with similar to100% confidence while outside the threat-level concentrations. All together, these results demonstrate that standoff detection of bio-agents is feasible for threat-level concentrations in practical battlefield environments at sufficient ranges to provide for early warning. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Woolard, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 0-7803-7695-1 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 2003 BP 763 EP 766 DI 10.1109/MWSYM.2003.1212483 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BX04J UT WOS:000184045100230 ER PT B AU Hess, HL AF Hess, HL GP IEEE TI Performance requirements for the military's small mobile electric power generation SO 2003 IEEE PES TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION CONFERENCE & EXPOSITION, VOLS 1-3, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS: BLAZING TRAILS IN ENERGY DELIVERY AND SERVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition CY SEP 07-12, 2003 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE Power Engn soc DE distributed generation; military equipment; power generation; reliability; availability AB Results of a study of small mobile electric power generation requirements for the US Army for the next two decades. Identifies technical and operational challenges from warfighting doctine. Considers the effect of a quantum leap in information technology. Provides examples of the changing nature of the tactical electrical load. Identifies both need and capability for interconnection for reliability at this level. Analysis of the doctrine and technology leads to several broad requirements for tactical electric power in the military. Indicators are defined to help identify the most promising designs. Performance drivers help prioritize these indicators. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Hess, HL (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8110-6 PY 2003 BP 477 EP 480 DI 10.1109/TDC.2003.1335320 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BY41E UT WOS:000189196900086 ER PT B AU Nielsen, P Croisant, W McInerney, M AF Nielsen, P Croisant, W McInerney, M GP IEEE IEEE TI Evaluation of Shielded Enclosure Leak Detection System (SELDS) with non-conventional excitation for shield weld quality monitoring SO 2003 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, SYMPOSIUM RECORD, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC 2003) CY AUG 18-22, 2003 CL BOSTON, MA SP IEEE EMC Soc, Rhode & Schwarz, Curtis Strauss LLC, Sigrity, ETS Lindgren, Murata Elect, NA Inc, Dexter Magnet, Gateway Comp, Int Certificat Serv, Opt Filters, TUV Amer DE shielded enclosure leak detection system; SELDS; shielded enclosure test methods AB In this paper, we describe laboratory evaluations of non-conventional Shielded Enclosure Leak Detection System (SELDS) test techniques for determining/monitoring welded seam quality for EMI/RFI shielded construction. These techniques involve a "transmission line" seam excitation rather than the usual "circuit" excitation. The method of evaluation and results are presented. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Ctr Res & Dev, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Nielsen, P (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Ctr Res & Dev, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7835-0 PY 2003 BP 460 EP 464 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX56M UT WOS:000185677200089 ER PT B AU Croisant, WJ Feickert, CA McInerney, MK AF Croisant, WJ Feickert, CA McInerney, MK GP IEEE IEEE TI Numerical investigation of the nonlinear penetration of pulsed electromagnetic fields into a ferromagnetic shield with a simple exponential permeability model SO 2003 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, SYMPOSIUM RECORD, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC 2003) CY AUG 18-22, 2003 CL BOSTON, MA SP IEEE EMC Soc, Rhode & Schwarz, Curtis Strauss LLC, Sigrity, ETS Lindgren, Murata Elect, NA Inc, Dexter Magnet, Gateway Comp, Int Certificat Serv, Opt Filters, TUV Amer DE nonlinear; ferromagnetic; permeability; shield; current; transient; pulse; impulse; finite difference time domain ID SHEET AB Electrically, conductive ferromagnetic shielding materials exhibit nonlinear behavior (including magnetic saturation) under intense pulsed electromagnetic field conditions. This paper considers the fundamental problem of a long, thin-walled cylindrical electrically conductive ferromagnetic shield subjected to axially-directed, unipolar, short-duration surface current pulses. A simple idealized relative differential magnetic permeability model is used to portray the nonlinear effects of a field-dependent permeability, including saturation. The transient magnetic field intensity within the shield is investigated using finite difference tune domain (FDTD) calculations. C1 USA, Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. RP Croisant, WJ (reprint author), USA, Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7835-0 PY 2003 BP 765 EP 770 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BX56M UT WOS:000185677200147 ER PT B AU Womack, SF McConnell, D Reese, A Sanders, DM AF Womack, SF McConnell, D Reese, A Sanders, DM BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Power management for the land warrior system SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The Soldier Tactical Mission System (STMS) requires power to operate, and as the system becomes more advanced it requires even greater power. Currently this power is provided by a consolidated battery pack. This system must be able to manage the power in a way which is advantageous in the environment they are operating in whether peacekeeping operations or war, in fog or night, in a jungle or a city. The architecture which determines this decision must be fed inputs as to what components provide what value under those circumstances. This research examines this issue with emphasis on the modeling of capabilities of the system with an agent based model to measure not only the value of components but the synergy created by two or more components. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Womack, SF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 83 EP 88 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500013 ER PT B AU Hall, CW Lynch, K Millard, B Parks, M AF Hall, CW Lynch, K Millard, B Parks, M BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Army rugby center funding plan SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB This project seeks to apply the systems engineering process to one of West Point's Association of Graduates (AOG) fundraising project. The United States Military Academy (USMA) receives a substantial portion of its funding from the federal government, yet must look to outside sources to underwrite the cost of some projects. The proposed rugby center is one of these projects. USMA's rugby team consistently finishes within the top four schools in the nation, but it lacks an adequate training facility. This project examines the process used to raise the money to fund such a facility. Fundraising is often thought of as an art, rather than a systematic process. Despite the delicate nature of fundraising, it can still benefit from a detailed systems engineering examination. This project seeks to bring together the art of fundraising and the mechanics of systems engineering to produce a better result. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hall, CW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 143 EP 152 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500022 ER PT B AU Ghazal, T Morley, R Terry, E Klingaman, R AF Ghazal, T Morley, R Terry, E Klingaman, R BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Soldier tactical mission system combat effectiveness SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB In order to better prepare our soldiers for the wars of tomorrow, it is vital that the Army investigates the benefits of implementing new Soldier Tactical Mission System (STMS) alternatives in battle. The purpose of our research is to quantify the gain in mission capability as the technology attributes of the STMS are varied. We will use an Agent-Based Model called Map Aware Non-uniform Automata (MANA) to simulate the actions of an infantry squad in a scenario. We will vary the attributes of the individual agents in MANA to represent three STMS alternatives: current soldier, the Land Warrior Version 1.0, and Objective Force Warrior technology. The measures of effectiveness for our experiment will be casualties over time and the time to complete the mission. Developing a model of this nature is important because it will show the benefit of new STMS alternatives and it will allow us to show a link between individual technology and mission capability. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Ghazal, T (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 153 EP 156 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500023 ER PT B AU Donovan, S Mahoney, T Pelletier, N Schmidt, M Kwinn, M AF Donovan, S Mahoney, T Pelletier, N Schmidt, M Kwinn, M BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI A systems approach to John Wayne airport security SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 dramatically changed America's feeling of security. The American people called for stricter security standards on all flights. On November 19, 2001, President George W. Bush signed the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, establishing a new law. Under this new law, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) would be responsible for regulating all airport security throughout the US. Among other things, this law states that 100% of passenger baggage must be screened for explosives, weapons, and other harmful materials or objects at all federally regulated airports no later than December 31, 2002. This paper focuses on using Systems Engineering to solve the problem of screening all passengers and luggage while maintaining smooth airport operations that satisfy the traveler. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Donovan, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 221 EP 224 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500032 ER PT B AU Buckingham, JM Bailey, J AF Buckingham, JM Bailey, J BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Imagery enhancement to meteorological collection platform SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico is developing a new weather information gathering resource to provide the Army with the capability to gather meteorological data from battlefield areas that are data sparse. This new resource deemed DAMTA (Disposable, Air-droppable, Meteorological Tower Array) will consist of multiple individual meteorological towers which will be dispersed over selected battlefield locations by helicopter. They will collect and transmit weather data such as wind direction, wind speed, humidity, barometric pressure and temperature for up to 30 days. The authors received $100K to investigate the inclusion of imagery sensors on the DAMTA to enable users to see near real-time, remote images of the sky and horizon to assist in gathering weather information for mission planning. The project involved purchase, testing, analysis and selection of the best available off-the-shelf imagery sensors (cameras) to be integrated with the DAMTA. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Buckingham, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 275 EP 281 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500040 ER PT B AU Bunt, D Lamm, GA Buckingham, J AF Bunt, D Lamm, GA Buckingham, J BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Benefits of imagery collection for enhancing intelligence gathering SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB Weather and other environmental data are critical information that affects the decision-making abilities of the warfighter and commanders on the battlefield. Disposable, Air-droppable, Meteorological Tower Array (DAMTA) consists of a sensor-based platform that will be dispersed over an area of interest. The data (wind speed, direction, temperature, humidity and barometric pressure) and images from DAMTA are used to enhance the accuracy of the current Army Forecast Models, provide information on remote areas of the battlefield, provide forecasting for future battlefield operations and gather additional information about out of sector areas. We explored the capabilities imagery brings to DAMTA in future military operations and the integration of DAMTA into Future Combat Systems. We focused on: 1) how imagery can assist specific military operations; 2) the trade-offs, attributes and relationships of imagery; 3) the configuration of the imagery-capturing device and 4) the vulnerabilities of imagery-based devices on sensors in several types of environments. This paper focuses on the system integration tasks and tools used to identify the benefits of imagery collection for enhancing intelligence gathering. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bunt, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 283 EP 288 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500041 ER PT B AU Nguyen, D Redd, A Junko, B Sanders, DM McGinnis, M AF Nguyen, D Redd, A Junko, B Sanders, DM McGinnis, M BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Scheduling and readiness considerations for a unit manning system SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The U.S. Army is undergoing a transition in personnel, doctrine, and equipment as it postures itself to better support our nation in the upcoming years. This work examines the personnel transformation aspect, and in particular the scheduling and synchronization of unit manning. We address the need for change, the proposed format of those solutions, and the insights developed while constructing a scheduling tool to synchronize unit manning with rotational concepts and transformation. C1 US Mil Acad, Syst Engn Dept, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Nguyen, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Syst Engn Dept, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 295 EP 300 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500043 ER PT B AU Brinn, MW Carpenter, M Kamon, M Pigott, D Parnell, GS Stokes, B AF Brinn, MW Carpenter, M Kamon, M Pigott, D Parnell, GS Stokes, B BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Designing and implementing an army capability model SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The United States Army is transforming itself from a heavy mechanized force designed for cold war missions to a more mobile objective force tailored to the demands of an asymmetric warfare involving many diverse missions, from peacekeeping to land warfare. The Army Objective Force will be based on rapid mobility, information dominance, and tactical superiority. We developed a decision support tool to assess current Army capabilities and prioritize potential Army programs based on their ability to support future Army capabilities. We used two key documents, The Army Plan (TAP) and the U.S. Army Objective Force White Paper, which identify future Army capabilities and transformation goals. Our decision support tool uses Multiple Objective Decision Analysis implemented in Microsoft Access to help our client (the Army staff office responsible for prioritizing Army programs) evaluate Army program. Each program is evaluated by the future Army capabilities it will provide. The ability to prioritize programs is essential to the Army and, specifically, our client because it helps determine which programs provide the most value for the Army budget. Further, it will give our client the ability to assess the effects of potential changes to both program funding and the transformation goals. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Brinn, MW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 301 EP 305 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500044 ER PT B AU DeLong, SO Speegle, CT AF DeLong, SO Speegle, CT BE Jones, MH Tawney, BE White, KP TI Applying the systems methodology in the design of the West Point Cogeneration Power Plant SO 2003 IEEE SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 24-25, 2003 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA SP IEEE HO UNIV VIRGINIA AB The "Intelligent Power Plant Project" (IPPP) is an interdisciplinary capstone project consisting of Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science students from the United States Military Academy at West Point. In order to maximize power plant efficiency and ultimately reduce costs, we designed a computer system to acquire and process data in order to provide an optimal operating method for the West Point Cogeneration Power Plant (WPCPP). Neural networks provided the framework for the Intelligent Power Plant Analysis Tool (IPPAT). When coupled with a Graphical User Interface (GUI), IPPAT allows the plant operator to analyze the power plant, monitor predictions, control the plant in an optimal manner, and provide the supervisor with information assurance. The systems approach used to solve this problem and the subsequent challenges of managing an interdisciplinary capstone team will be discussed in this paper. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP DeLong, SO (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU DEPT SYSTEMS & INFORMATION ENGINEERING, UNIV VIRGINIA PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA PO BOX 400747, 151 ENGINEERS WAY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22904-4747 USA BN 0-9744559-0-3 PY 2003 BP 307 EP 312 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BX72A UT WOS:000186211500045 ER PT B AU Palmer, D AF Palmer, D GP ieee TI Motivators driving army research in wireless communications SO 2003 IEEE TOPICAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Communication Technology/2nd Wireless Grantees Workshop CY OCT 15-17, 2003 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, IEICE, Natl Sci Fdn C1 USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. RP Palmer, D (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8196-3 PY 2003 BP 2 EP 3 PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BAL36 UT WOS:000222673800002 ER PT S AU Kim, Y Vig, JR Ballato, A AF Kim, Y Vig, JR Ballato, A BE Yuhas, DE Schneider, SC TI Doubly rotated resonators for sensing the properties of liquids SO 2003 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Ultrason, Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc ID SHEAR-MODE RESONATORS; GENERATION AB When a doubly rotated resonator is operated in a liquid, the displacement of the surface is partly out of the plane of the. plate of the resonator. The out-of-plane component of the displacement propagates a damped compressional wave into the liquid, while the in-plane component propagates a damped shear wave. In this paper, we report the measurements of the series resonant frequency and the motional arm resistance of doubly rotated quartz resonators (theta approximate to 35degrees and phi = 7degrees) in liquids to compare with singly rotated AT-cut resonators (theta approximate to 35degrees and phi = 0degrees). A modified Butterworth-Van Dyke (BVD) equivalent circuit model is suggested to analyze doubly rotated cut resonators under liquid loading. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-7922-5 J9 ULTRASON PY 2003 BP 52 EP 55 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BY90R UT WOS:000189492100011 ER PT S AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, A BE Yuhas, DE Schneider, SC TI Acoustic properties of anistropic substrates SO 2003 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Ultrason, Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc ID CONSTANTS; RESONATORS; CRYSTALS; QUARTZ AB Nano-and micro-structures for telecommunications and sensing applications will, in the near and farther future, continue to become increasingly more intricate [1]. They will operate at higher frequencies, and will incorporate various processing and actuation modalities in novel and very compact architectures. One of these modalities is anisotropic acoustics. Today, the great majority of acoustic devices are not part of an integrated structure, and operate using a single type of motion; current thin-film resonators (TFRs) and stacked crystal filters (SCFs) are examples. To facilitate the realization of more sophisticated integrated structures, in this paper are given the relevant bulk acoustic wave parameters and values for a variety of anisotropic materials considered most likely to play important parts as multi-mode substrates and/or as active layers. The materials fall into the cubic (e.g., Si, Ge, C(d), and GaAs), hexagonal (e.g., the new single-crystal ferroelectrics), and trigonal (e.g., sapphire, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, langasite and its isomorphs) crystal classes. C1 USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-7922-5 J9 ULTRASON PY 2003 BP 66 EP 69 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BY90R UT WOS:000189492100013 ER PT S AU Kosinski, JA AF Kosinski, JA BE Yuhas, DE Schneider, SC TI Thickness vibrations of flat piezoelectric plates with massy electrodes of unequal thickness SO 2003 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Ultrason, Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc AB We develop a set of six coupled equations governing the modal amplitudes and phase angles (mode-center offsets) for the flat, piezoelectric plate resonator with massy electrodes of unequal thickness. The case of the AT-cut resonator is used to obtain a set of transcendental equations describing the resonance frequencies and phase angles of an isolated single mode. These show that the phase angle (and corresponding even mode amplitude) is proportional to the electrode mass-loading imbalance, and for a given total electrode mass-loading, the resonance frequencies depend also on the electrode mass imbalance. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC 12WD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC 12WD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-7922-5 J9 ULTRASON PY 2003 BP 70 EP 73 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BY90R UT WOS:000189492100014 ER PT S AU Young, SS Nasrabadi, NM Soumekh, M AF Young, SS Nasrabadi, NM Soumekh, M GP IEEE IEEE TI Clutter rejection in FLIR imagery using spatially-varying adaptive filtering SO 2003 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL 1, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing CY SEP 14-17, 2003 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This paper introduces an adaptive method for rejecting clutter in Forward-Looking Infra-Red (FLIR) imagery. In this approach, a spatially-varying two-dimensional adaptive filtering method is developed to identify a metric distance (error energy) between a test scene and a library of reference man-made targets (trucks, tanks, etc.). The function of the 2D spatially-varying adaptive filter is to compensate for: a) variations of Image Point Response (IPR) of a FLIR sensor; b) variations of heat distribution on the test and reference targets; c) sub-pixel shifts in the relative coordinates of these targets; and d) subtle scaling and rotations. A statistic is constructed that is the least square energy of the error between the test target and its projection into each member of the library of reference target chips based on the above-mentioned spatially-varying 2D adaptive filtering; this database is then used to identify the test chip as a man-made target or clutter. Results with FLIR data of scenes composed of trucks, tanks, and APCs at various angles in different types of clutter environment will be provided. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Young, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Code AMSRL-SE-SE,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 0-7803-7750-8 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2003 BP 837 EP 840 PG 4 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX96E UT WOS:000187010000210 ER PT S AU Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM GP IEEE IEEE TI Projection-based adaptive anomaly detection for hyperspectral imagery SO 2003 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL 1, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing CY SEP 14-17, 2003 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB We propose adaptive anomaly detectors that find any materials whose spectral characteristics are out of context with those of the neighboring materials. We use a dual rectangular window that separates the local area into two regions-the inner window region (IWR) and outer window region (OWR). The statistical differences between the IWR and OWR is exploited by generating projection vectors onto which the IWR and OWR vectors are projected. Anomalies are detected if the projection separation between the IWR and OWR vectors is greater than a predefined threshold. Four different methods are used to produce the projection vectors. The proposed anomaly detectors have been applied to HYDICE (HYperspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment) images and detection performance for each method has been measured. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 0-7803-7750-8 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2003 BP 1001 EP 1004 PG 4 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX96E UT WOS:000187010000251 ER PT B AU Currano, LJ Wickenden, AE Dubey, M AF Currano, LJ Wickenden, AE Dubey, M GP IEEE IEEE TI Fabrication of fully released aluminum nitride nanoresonators SO 2003 THIRD IEEE CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOLS ONE AND TWO, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO 2003) CY AUG 12-14, 2003 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE Nanotechnol Council, IEEE Reg 6 Western DE nanoresonator; NEMS; aluininum nitride ID RESONATORS AB Piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AIN) clamped-clamped beam nanoresonators having widths as small as 250 nm have been fabricated. The devices consist of a SiO2 structural layer, a platinum bottom electrode, an AIN piezoelectrically active layer, and top platinum driving and sensing electrodes. An additional SiO2 layer is used for electrical isolation from the silicon substrate and between the top and bottom electrode traces. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Currano, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7976-4 PY 2003 BP 778 EP 780 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA BX48B UT WOS:000185389900203 ER PT B AU Byrd, EFC Hurley, M Chabalowski, CF Sorescu, DC Ishikawa, Y AF Byrd, EFC Hurley, M Chabalowski, CF Sorescu, DC Ishikawa, Y GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Computational chemistry models leading to mediation of gun tube erosion SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; WAVE BASIS-SET; PLANE-WAVE; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DISSOCIATIVE ADSORPTION; NITROGEN ADSORPTION; ALPHA-IRON AB Understanding the interaction of propellant gas products with transition-metal surfaces, and in particular with iron surfaces, is of primary importance to understanding the erosion process in gun tubes. By modeling these interactions, and the ensuing reactions, we shall gain a better understanding of the physics and chemistry underlying gun tube erosion. Using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), calculations were performed on the interactions of a wide variety of small product gases with the (100) and (111) Miller surfaces of iron. For the (100) surface, we have located the adsorption sites and determined atomic configurations of HCO, HOC, H2CO, OH, CHOH, H-2, H, N, and NO as well as the coadsorption of CO + H, NO + C, and CO + N. We have also inspected the dissociative chemisorption of H-2 on the iron (100) surface, and dissociation pathway of CO and HCO (the latter resulting in surface bound 0 + HC) using the nudged elastic band (NEB) method. For the iron (111) surface, we have predicted the adsorption sites of CO, NH3, NO, N, C, and O, the coadsorption sites of C + O and N + CO, as well as mapping the reaction paths and energetic barriers for the migration and dissociation of CO on the iron (111) surface. The interaction of CO with a nitrited iron surface is also in the process of being studied for both the (100) and (111) iron surfaces. Ab initio direct molecular dynamics (DMD) has been used to model the collision of CO at various temperatures with a small iron cluster to compute, by a second means, the energy required for dissociation. DMD is also being used to model the dynamics of the CO(gas/adsorbed) + Fe-14 --> O-(g) + C-(ads)-Fe-14 reaction. Monte Carlo MD simulations with embedded atom models (EAM) are being carried out on the interactions of H, with large iron surfaces to measure hydrogen diffusion rates into the iron, with particular interest in the relative rates of diffusion through a perfect surface versus through surface defects (e.g., grain boundaries). Through many different computational tools and approaches, and the inspection of a wide array of different systems, we are gaining a better understanding of the chemistry involved in gun tube erosion. Using the knowledge gained of the energetics of binding and surface dissociation, coupled with macroscopic (thermodynamic and kinetic) erosivity models being used or developed at ARL, we should be able to predict the erosivity of different propellant blends as a function of the propellant composition. C1 USA, Armament Munit & Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Byrd, EFC (reprint author), USA, Armament Munit & Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 40 EP 54 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253372 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300006 ER PT B AU Hurley, MM Wright, JB Balboa, A Lushington, GH AF Hurley, MM Wright, JB Balboa, A Lushington, GH GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Defense against chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program ID STRONG HYDROGEN-BONDS; GAS-PHASE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; SITE; ZN2+; NMR AB Research on mitigation of toxic threats is critical to national defense, but is often hazardous. Toxicity generally arises at the molecular level via reactions between toxins and host biomolecules. This lends itself well to simulations from which one may safely derive the insight required for effective preventative or therapeutic response strategies. Thus, in this paper we have applied quantum chemical methods to address toxicity arising from both hostile (i.e., nerve agents) and inadvertent (e.g., toxic industrial chemicals) sources. Neurotoxic reactions involving inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme have been structurally and energetically characterized with mind to mitigating the process. In a complementaty effort, interactions between toxins and various catalytic and filtering media have been reported with an aim of improving chemical protection devices. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hurley, MM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 55 EP 59 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253374 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300007 ER PT B AU Anderson, TS Moran, ML Ketcham, SM Lacombe, J AF Anderson, TS Moran, ML Ketcham, SM Lacombe, J GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Technical validation of high-fidelity seismic signature simulations in support of FCS network ground sensors SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB We use detailed dynamic mechanical systems models to generate ground vibrations specific to a vehicle's suspension and dimensions. These complex force distributions provide input to seismic propagation models running on massively parallel HPC computers, and result in vehicle-specific signatures. The model output is the ground response of the target traversing a complex 3-D geologic region. In order to achieve scales that are useful to sensor system development, single calculation run limes can exceed 70k CPU-h. Situational awareness is critical to achieving and maintaining battlefield superiority. Given the complex and dynamic environmental conditions of the battlefield, a spectrum of sensor assets are required to provide necessary information with appropriate levels of reliability. Unattended ground sensors (UGS) exploit seismic waves generated from moving targets and provide critical non-line of sight tracking and classification information. In order to develop robust ground sensor systems, systems must be developed that can adapt to the complex geologic environment. We use HPC computational resources to accurately model target specific ground motion in realistically complex geological environments. In turn, we use our simulation results to rapidly develop systems algorithms for keystone FCS subsystems including Intelligent Munition System (IMS), Tactical Unattended Ground Sensors (T-UGS), and Network Sensors for the Objective Force ATD (NSfOF). An excellent match of signals is achieved in both the time and frequency domain for our simulations of several vehicles. The data fidelity achieved replicates target specific signature features observed in field data. The level of detail in our synthetic results is sufficient to permit direct application of synthetic data to system algorithm development and engineering trade studies. Further, these data products may be used as a planning tool for optimal location of seismic UGS to maximize sensor performance (e.g., hill vs. Valley). Lastly, reliance on HPC simulations of this nature provides a low cost alternative to the traditional prototype development schemes that rely exclusively on expensive field tests. C1 USACE, ERDC, CRREL, Hanover, NH USA. RP Anderson, TS (reprint author), USACE, ERDC, CRREL, Hanover, NH USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253375 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300008 ER PT B AU Coburn, W Le, C Kenyon, C Sullivan, A Namburu, R AF Coburn, W Le, C Kenyon, C Sullivan, A Namburu, R GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Radar signature modeling for combat systems SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB A numerical study was conducted using Xpatch, a high-frequency signature prediction code based on the shooting and bouncing ray technique. The lessons learned apply to a large class of targets of interest for millimeter wave radar applications. We investigated the use of Xpatch for ground vehicles and generic small missile-like targets. We summarize the unclassified modeling results and computational requirements at K-a-band frequencies. The ground vehicle simulations indicate that accurate target representations are required but the results tend to overpredict the measured data. The missile target simulations indicate that Xpatch is only appropriate for smooth surfaces and it fails to capture the returns associated with small surface discontinuities. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Coburn, W (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 68 EP 73 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253376 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300009 ER PT B AU Hansen, RP Forsythe, JR AF Hansen, RP Forsythe, JR GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI A comparison of structured and unstructured grid solutions for flow over a circular cylinder SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION AB Turbulence resolving calculations are performed on the flow past a circular cylinder at subcritical and supercritical conditions using a second-order, unstructured, finite-volume solver. Flow past a circular cylinder at the Reynolds numbers tested is representative of more complex geometries as it is three-dimensional, inherently unsteady, and results in massive boundary layer separation with turbulence. The primary goal of this research is to assess the performance of unstructured grids for turbulence resolving calculations such as large-eddy simulation and detached-eddy simulation. Comparisons are made to both experimental data and to numerical simulations using structured grids. For simulation at a Reynolds Number of 3900 the Strouhal number, time-averaged drag, back pressure, and recirculation zone length compare well with experimental results and results for similar computations conducted using structured grids. For Reynolds number 140,000 simulations, the time-averaged coefficient of pressure and drag fall within two separate sets of experiments and closely match a similar set of computations on structured grids using a high order solver. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hansen, RP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253382 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300015 ER PT B AU Charles, R Benney, R Stein, K Tezduyar, T Sathe, S Senga, M Ozcan, C Soltys, T Kumar, V Accorsi, M Xu, Z Zhou, B AF Charles, R Benney, R Stein, K Tezduyar, T Sathe, S Senga, M Ozcan, C Soltys, T Kumar, V Accorsi, M Xu, Z Zhou, B GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Airdrop simulations of controlled parachute descentst SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program ID SPACE-TIME PROCEDURE; MOVING BOUNDARIES; COMPUTATION; INTERFACES; STRATEGY AB Computational simulation tools have been applied to a variety of applications relating to the control of parachute descent. The simulation tools have three components: the computation of the structural dynamics (CSD); the computation of the fluid dynamics of the air stream (CFD); and the mutual interface between two that make up the fluid-structure interactions (FSI). In the area of CSD, element contact methodologies have been investigated and tested. FSI developments have focused on the application of line input controls and soft-landing techniques for round canopies. In addition, long duration simulation results have been performed and compared qualitatively with the results from experimental investigations. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Charles, R (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 160 EP 164 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253387 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300020 ER PT B AU Sahu, J AF Sahu, J GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI CFD simulations of micro-adaptive flow control for a spinning projectile SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English Estonian DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB This paper describes a computational study undertaken to consider the aerodynamic effect of tiny synthetic jets as a means to provide the control authority needed to maneuver a projectile at low subsonic speeds. An advanced scalable Navier-Stokes computational technique has been used to obtain numerical solutions for the unsteady jet-interaction flow field for a spinning projectile at a subsonic speed at zero degree angle of attack. Unsteady numerical results show the effect of the jet on the flow field and surface pressures and, hence, on the aerodynamic coefficients. The unsteady jet is shown to substantially alter the flow field both near the jet and the base region of the projectile that in turn affects the forces and moments even at zero degree angle of attack. The results show the potential of CFD to provide insight into the jet interaction flow fields and provide guidance as to the locations and sizes of the jets to generate the maximum control authority for maneuvering smart munitions. These numerical results are being assessed to determine if synthetic jets can be used to provide the control authority needed to maneuver the projectile to hit its target with precision. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sahu, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253388 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300021 ER PT B AU Hathaway, MD Chen, JP Webster, R AF Hathaway, MD Chen, JP Webster, R GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Time accurate unsteady simulation of the stall inception process in the compression system of a US army helicopter gas turbine engine SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program ID HIGH-SPEED STAGE; ROTATING STALL; INLET DISTORTION AB The operational envelope of gas turbine engines employed in the Army Blackhawk helicopter is constrained by the stability limit of the compression system. Technologies developed to improve the stable operating range of gas turbine compressors lack fundamental understanding beneficial to design guidance. Improved understanding of the stall inception process and how stall control technologies mitigate such will provide compressors with increased tolerance to stall, thereby expanding the operational envelope of military gas turbine engines. Compressors which consist of multiple stages of stationary and rotating blade rows can include shocks, vortices, separations, secondary flows, shock/boundary layer interactions, and turbulent wakes, all of which grow in severity as a compressor approaches stall. As a compressor nears stall the flow field is no longer periodic from passage to passage so all blade passages must be computed. For a typical multistage compressor this becomes a formidable computational challenge requiring access to massively parallel machines in order to meet the computational and memory demands of the problem. We are using a time-accurate CFD code to simulate the unsteady stall inception process, both with and without stall control technology, in the compression system of an Army gas turbine engine. This work will provide the first-ever 3-dimensional viscous time-accurate simulation of the stall inception process in a multistage compressor, providing insight into the causal link between compressor blade design parameters and the stable operating limit, which will be used to guide new design practices leading to compressor designs with increased tolerance to stall. This paper presents progress to date on this Challenge Project. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Hathaway, MD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253389 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300022 ER PT B AU Bevins, TL Armstrong, BJ Baylot, JT Rickman, DD AF Bevins, TL Armstrong, BJ Baylot, JT Rickman, DD GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Multiple building simulations and effect of berms behind blast barrier walls SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB The ERDC is developing procedures to be used to increase the level of protection to our military when it occupies buildings in an urban environment. An engineering model for predicting the effects of surrounding buildings and a model for predicting the effects of barriers on airblast pressures are needed. Combined High-Performance Computing (HPC) and experimental investigations are being conducted to develop these models. HPC simulations of the effects of barriers and barriers with berms are compared with experimental data. HPC results for simulations of the effect of a nearby building on the load on the structure Of interest will also be presented. The HPC simulations along with experimental results are being used to understand the phenomenology so that an engineering model can be developed. C1 USACE, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Bevins, TL (reprint author), USACE, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 250 EP 256 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253400 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300032 ER PT B AU Thompson, SR Petit, G Robinson, JN Williamson, C Hisley, D Pressel, D AF Thompson, SR Petit, G Robinson, JN Williamson, C Hisley, D Pressel, D GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Optimization of the NMS6b weather model code SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB The Army needs timely and accurate weather forecasting to support the prediction of battlefield conditions. The Army Research Laboratory Major Shared Resource Center (ARL MSRC) was tasked with optimizing the Nonhydrostatic Model Simulation (NMS) weather forecasting code for potential Army use. This code is written for parallel execution on shared memory architectures using OpenMP directives. As written, the code does not run on distributed memory nodes. The NMS code consists of approximately 190,000 lines of Fortran code and 4,000 lines of C code, and was developed by Dr. Greg Tripoli of the University of Wisconsin([1]). The code features a unique variable-stepped topography representation designed to handle steep slopes. It is designed to faithfully represent flows in the presence of arbitrarily rough topography while maintaining sensitivity to subtle impacts of weak topography. In this paper we give a brief description of the NMS code, followed by the initial performance rate and our optimization goal, a short discussion of our approach, an explanation of the optimization work, our final benchmark results, and finally a brief mention of what future work could be done. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Thompson, SR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253404 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300036 ER PT B AU Tracy, FT Oppe, TC Ward, WA Peterkin, RE AF Tracy, FT Oppe, TC Ward, WA Peterkin, RE GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI A survey of the algorithms in the TI-03 application benchmark suite with emphasis on linear system solvers SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB Seven application programs were used in the Technology Insertion for 2003 benchmark testing process to determine what new high-performance computing capability should be procured. One of the most intensive parts of engineering and scientific computations is the solution of a simultaneous, linear system of equations. This paper surveys the seven benchmark application programs for what linear solvers are used and where they originated. C1 USACE, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Tracy, FT (reprint author), USACE, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253412 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300044 ER PT B AU Bennett, PM Alter, RW Oppe, TC Ward, WA AF Bennett, PM Alter, RW Oppe, TC Ward, WA GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Creation of a synthetic application of benchmarking SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB Synthetic applications performing benchmarks have been suggested as a means to streamline the benchmarking process. The idea is to effectively and efficiently evaluate computing performance without having to obtain licenses for proprietary codes, and without risking the release of sensitive or classified codes, code fragments, or algorithms. This paper presents one approach to solving this problem. Based on that approach, this paper then presents results measured on habu, an IBM Power3 supercomputer at the Major Shared Resource Center at the Naval Oceanographic Office. C1 Erdc, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Bennett, PM (reprint author), Erdc, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253413 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300045 ER PT B AU Campbell, RL Davis, LP Henry, CJ AF Campbell, RL Davis, LP Henry, CJ GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI A fast optimizer for HPC technology insertion SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB To maximize the program's overall capability, the HPC Modernization Program annually acquires new hardware by carefully benchmarking new viable platforms, gathering corresponding pricing, and optimizing the selection of new machines based on scoring, pricing, and a projected work allocation among computational technology areas. Until recently, optimization had been performed using Microsoft Excel's Solver on a single-processor personal computer with a large time-to-solution on the order of hours for small problems and days for large problems. In response, a fast multiple-processor optimizer specific to the needs of the technology insertion process was constructed. This parallel acquisition optimizer is described in detail, and its results are compared to Solver's for a number of practical test cases. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Campbell, RL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 344 EP 348 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253414 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300046 ER PT B AU Clarke, J Vines, J Mark, E AF Clarke, J Vines, J Mark, E GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI An augmented virtuality scientific data center SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB Augmented Virtuality can be effective in the analysis of physics based computational simulations. By providing context and additional detail not always available in purely virtual systems, the effective addition of physical objects into a virtual scene greatly enhances the intuitive objective of the original calculation. The US Army Research Laboratory has developed an Augmented Virtuality system for the investigation of physics based simulations. Constructed from commodity components, unique projection screen material, and custom software, this system provides a novel approach to the investigation of results from a multitude of computational areas. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Clarke, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 354 EP 357 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253416 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300048 ER PT B AU Bolstad, M AF Bolstad, M GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Managing the image generation of large datasets SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB At the ARL MSRC, datasets resulting from scientific visualizations and conceptual animations continue to grow in size and complexity as our computing capabilities expand. nile visualizing these datasets and building the animations are a challenge, so is the overall oversight of the image generation process and long-term management of the resulting voluminous data sets. We have developed a tool to handle the management of the image generation process. By automatically monitoring the rendering process, we can improve overall throughput and image quality. This tool automatically distributes the rendering load, and detects and resolves problems in the image generation process including missing frames, excessive noise, and other common rendering problems. C1 USA, Res Lab Raytheon, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bolstad, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab Raytheon, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 358 EP 361 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253417 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300049 ER PT B AU Knowles, M AF Knowles, M GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Survey of the storage evolution SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB The storage market in 2003 is in a state of transition on several fronts. This seems to be a time where noteworthy technologies are evolving that will have long-term impacts on Information Technology and High Performance Computing (HPC). Two of the more important evolutions in the storage arena are the serialization of storage access mechanisms, and efforts to access storage via IP networks. While these two efforts are not necessarily related, they are both seen by many storage vendors as defining trends in the industry. This paper focuses on these two 10 bus level evolutionary trends in particular, and how we can expect them to affect HPC users. C1 USA, Raytheon Corp, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Knowles, M (reprint author), USA, Raytheon Corp, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 362 EP 367 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253418 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300050 ER PT B AU Robinson, JN Cromp, RF AF Robinson, JN Cromp, RF GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Grid engine script generating tool SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB Most high performance computing centers use a batch queuing system to facilitate job throughput by matching computer resources against job requirements. Users typically communicate their job constraints to the queuing system by wilting a job submission script. This scripting task can be frustrating to some users because errors can keep the script from submitting the job properly, or cause the queuing system to handle the job differently than what the user intended. At the ARL MSRC, we have recently developed and released the Grid Engine Script Generating Tool (GEST) to help users produce batch scripts for ARL's most utilized COTS software packages. GEST imposes a framework across all applications, dynamically configuring the GUI for application-specific inputs based on information entered by the user. Scripts subsequently generated can be submitted directly, or saved for further customization by the user. GEST allows users to avoid the typical mistakes that can occur when they write their own scripts. It significantly reduces the amount of time that users spend writing and debugging scripts. By using GEST, users minimize and in most cases eliminate incorrect runs from improperly constructed submission scripts resulting in more effective use of the overall computing resources. C1 USA, Raytheon Corp, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Robinson, JN (reprint author), USA, Raytheon Corp, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253419 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300051 ER PT B AU Kendall, T McCraney, M AF Kendall, T McCraney, M GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI HPC technology trends - An ARL MSRC perspective SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB The Army Research Laboratory Major Shared Resource Center (ARL MSRC) takes a proactive role in identifying new technologies and understanding how technology trends can be exploited to further the capabilities provided to Department of Defense (DoD) researchers and developers. Studying emerging technologies in not only processing, but in mass storage, visualization, networking, power and cooling is a key responsibility of the ARL MSRCs expansion and analysis team. These trends must be constantly reviewed against the trends of customer requirements, as demonstrated by the requirements survey, actual usage trends and by direct communication with customers. Constant monitoring of usage and requirements trends compared ad contrasted with industry technology trends leads to either the identification of opportunities (i.e. storage area networking) to improve the center's ability to provide High Performance Computing (HPC) services or to the identification of challenges (e.g. the memory wall) that if not addressed can lead to large imbalances between center capabilities and customer requirements. This paper presents preliminary findings and analyses of user requirements and usage trends and discusses technology advancements, trends and futures in the HPC community and their potential application at the ARL MSRC. User requirement projections over the coming years are examined, along with HPC technologies expected to not only meet these projections, but exceed them in a balanced, consistent manner. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kendall, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 373 EP 377 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253420 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300052 ER PT S AU Patel, PJ Gilde, G McCauley, JW AF Patel, PJ Gilde, G McCauley, JW BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI The role of gas pressure in transient liquid phase sintering of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: A SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc ID SPINEL AB Translucent and fully transparent polycrystalline aluminum oxynitride (AlON) ceramics have been produced by reaction sintering, hot-pressing, and conventional sintering. Initial work to produce AlON via transient liquid phase sintering resulted in a material with significant porosity. Attempts to promote densification by altering the sintering time and temperature further increased porosity. No vapor phase had been previously reported in the literature, however, so we therefore undertook a new investigation into the AlN-Al2O3 pseudo binary phase diagram, the results of which suggested the presence of a stable vapor phase in 0.1 MPa (1 atm) nitrogen. This paper describes the effect of increasing nitrogen gas pressure on the stability of AlON. Our results show stabilization in composition of AlON as measured by reduced lattice parameter and reduced weight loss as the pressure is increased. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Patel, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 425 EP 431 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BY46D UT WOS:000189318200061 ER PT S AU Swab, JJ AF Swab, JJ BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Tungsten carbides for armor applications SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: A SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB The U.S. Army is interested in developing the next-generation of ceramic materials to meet the ballistic performance and physical requirements of future fighting vehicles. It has been shown that the hardness, toughness and microstructure (e.g. grain size), as well as the macrostructure, of the ceramic material used in armor systems are important parameters that affect ballistic performance. In the effort summarized herein, tape casting followed by high temperature and pressure consolidation, is used to produce monolithic WC and a WC-Diamond composite with excellent flexure strength and fracture toughness. The processing parameters used to generate these materials and the resultant physical and mechanical properties will be discussed and compared to a commercially available WC. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Swab, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 447 EP 453 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BY46D UT WOS:000189318200064 ER PT S AU Zhu, DM Chen, YL Miller, RA AF Zhu, DM Chen, YL Miller, RA BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Defect clustering and nano-phase structure characterization of multi-component rare earth oxide doped zirconia-yttria thermal barrier coatings SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: A SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Advanced thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have been developed by incorporating multicomponent rare earth oxide dopants into zirconia-based thermal barrier coatings to promote the creation of the thermodynamically stable, immobile oxide defect clusters and/or nano-phases within the coating systems. In this paper, the defect clusters, induced by Nd, Gd, and Yb rare earth dopants in the zirconia-yttria thermal barrier coatings, were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM lattice imaging, selected area diffraction (SAD) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses demonstrated that the extensive nano-scale rare earth dopant segregation exists in the plasma-sprayed and electron-physical-vapor-deposited (EB-PVD) thermal barrier coatings. The nano-scale concentration heterogeneity and the resulting large lattice distortion promoted the formation of parallel and rotational defective lattice clusters in the coating systems. The presence of the 5 to 100 nm sized defect clusters and nanophases is believed to be responsible for the significant reduction of thermal conductivity, improved sintering resistance and long-term high temperature stability of the advanced thermal barrier coating systems. C1 USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Zhu, DM (reprint author), USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 7 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 525 EP 534 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BY46D UT WOS:000189318200075 ER PT S AU Wereszczak, AA Kraft, RH Swab, JJ AF Wereszczak, AA Kraft, RH Swab, JJ BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Flexural and torsional resonances of ceramic tiles via impulse excitation of vibration SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB A practice was demonstrated that could independently determine, with high resolution, bulk E, G, and v of disk, square, hexagonal, and half-hexagonal ceramic tiles or plates. The method combines modal finite element analysis and the flexural and torsional resonance values (measured by impulse excitation of vibration) for a given geometry and material. The consideration of both resonances is important in this practice because v is able to be explicitly determined as a consequence and its value does not need to be assumed to determine E and G (as would occur when only one of their resonant frequency values is known). C1 USA, Res Lab, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wereszczak, AA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 207 EP 213 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY46E UT WOS:000189318400031 ER PT S AU Bhatt, RT McCue, TR DiCarlo, JA AF Bhatt, RT McCue, TR DiCarlo, JA BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Thermal stability of melt infiltrated SiC/SiC composites SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB To determine their rnicrostructural and strength stability, SiC/SiC composites with Sylramic-iBN SiC fibers and chemically vapor infiltrated (CVI) SiC plus melt-infiltrated silicon matrices were thermally exposed at 1300, 1350 and 1400degreesC for 100 and 500 hr in air. The un-exposed and exposed composites were tensile tested at room temperature, and their fracture surfaces and microstructures analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that these composites were relatively stable for up to 500 hr at 1300degreesC. Beyond this time/temperature envelope, ultimate strength degradation was observed which is influenced by the volume fraction of CVI SiC matrix. The dominant strength degradation mechanism for the composites appeared to be degradation of SiC fibers due to reaction with silicon that diffuses through the CVI SiC. Residual strength of the composites after thermal exposure was modeled by theories based on thermally-activated diffusion processes. C1 USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Bhatt, RT (reprint author), USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 295 EP 300 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY46E UT WOS:000189318400043 ER PT S AU Carter, R AF Carter, R BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Model development for parametric design of pressurized ceramic tubing SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB The equations for calculating the probability of failure for an internally pressurized ceramic tube are straightforward and well defined in the literature. The most common solution is for a tube subjected only to an internal pressure. This approach neglects any external pressure, overwrap, or sheathing system that may be used to maintain or promote a beneficial compressive pre-stress. The current research has focused on the development of a model, based on elasticity theory, of a sheathed ceramic tube augmented with probability of failure calculations used to calculate stress, strain, and probability of failure of the ceramic tube component. The model calculates the Weibull probability of failure for volumetric- and surface-strength-limiting flaws with the consideration of predicted (iso-thermal, mechanical, or combined) stress states on the surfaces and throughout the volume. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Carter, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,MB, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 477 EP 482 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY46E UT WOS:000189318400069 ER PT S AU Wereszczak, AA Caspe, RJ Swab, JJ Duffy, SF Baker, EH AF Wereszczak, AA Caspe, RJ Swab, JJ Duffy, SF Baker, EH BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI C-ring strength of advanced monolithic ceramics SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and zirconia are common candidate ceramics for load-bearing tubular components. To help facilitate design and reliability modeling with each ceramic, Weibull strength distributions were determined with each material using a diametrally compressed c-ring specimen in accordance with ASTM C1323. The investigated silicon nitride and zirconia were found to exhibit higher uncensored characteristic strengths than the alumina and silicon carbide. The occurrence of chamfer-located fracture initiation was problematic, and hindered the ability to generate valid design data in some of these ceramics. Fractography and stress modeling results suggest that some aspects of ASTM C1323 should be revised to further minimize the frequency of chamfer-located failure initiation in c-ring test specimens. C1 USA, Res Lab, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wereszczak, AA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 483 EP 490 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY46E UT WOS:000189318400070 ER PT S AU Underwood, JH Cote, PJ Vigilante, GN AF Underwood, JH Cote, PJ Vigilante, GN BE Kriven, WM Lin, HT TI Thermo-mechanical and fracture analysis of SiC in cannon bore applications SO 27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics Composites CY JAN 26-31, 2003 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc ID COATINGS AB A 200 W/mm(2) heat flux typical of cannon bore heating is applied to a SiC sample using pulsed laser heating that simulates cannon firing. Thermo-mechanical models of the near-bore failure processes in fired chromium-plated steel cannons are adapted to evaluate SiC for potential use in cannon bore applications. Near-bore transient temperatures are calculated using a finite difference method and validated using the observed depth and known temperature of the steel transformation. Cracks both normal and parallel to the heated surface are noted in the SiC sample to a depth of 0.08 mm following 5 ms pulses of laser heating. The cracking is attributed to similar mechanisms as those in cannon, i.e., transient thermal expansion and permanent compressive deformation at high temperature followed by thermal contraction and tensile residual stresses upon cooling. Fracture analysis shows that the 0.08 mm deep cracks would lead to further cracking of the SiC upon application of cannon firing pressures. C1 USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Underwood, JH (reprint author), USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2003 VL 24 IS 4 BP 503 EP 508 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY46E UT WOS:000189318400073 ER PT B AU Dodge, R Menasce, DA AF Dodge, R Menasce, DA BE Callaos, N Lesso, W Crespo, J Donnarumma, A Fujii, S TI Designing a complex e-commerce simulation SO 7TH WORLD MULTICONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL XIII, PROCEEDINGS: SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS: TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics CY JUL 27-30, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Int Inst Informat & System DE e-commerce; simulation; TPC-W AB Customer confidence is a critical factor in the success of an online business. That confidence is quickly eroded by slow response times or even worse, frequent down-time. The ability for a business to verify requirements before investing in capital changes necessary to run an e-business is severely restricted by the cost of such systems. Even the most fundamental e-commerce system that provides a full range of e-commerce services such as shopping cart and session management and catalogue/inventory functions can cost tens of thousands of dollars. In this paper, we demonstrate an e-commerce system simulation and workload generator, written in C using CSIM (a popular discrete event simulation library) that can be used to test capacity and performance of e-commerce systems before a significant investment. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dodge, R (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS PI ORLANDO PA 14269 LORD BARCLAY DR, ORLANDO, FL 32837 USA BN 980-6560-01-9 PY 2003 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BY50V UT WOS:000189395100050 ER PT B AU George, R AF George, R BE Callaos, N Farsi, D EshaghianWilner, M Hanratty, T Rishe, N TI Domain ontologies and software agents: A methodological approach to knowledge management SO 7TH WORLD MULTICONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL XVI, PROCEEDINGS: SYSTEMICS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics CY JUL 27-30, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Int Inst Informat & System DE knowledge management; decision support; intelligent agents; domain ontology AB Knowledge Management Systems are used for storage and management of knowledge artifacts with the goal of applying this knowledge towards achieving competitive advantage. Military situations such as small scale contingencies several knowledge and data fusion problems for the war fighter. Despite the recognized need for effective Knowledge Management at all levels, many KM implementations fail to meet their stated goals. The Active Knowledge Management Environment (AcKME) is a flexible and open architecture that overcomes many of the problems faced by traditional Knowledge Management systems. This paper examines the role of domain ontologies and software agents in Knowledge Management systems. It describes the AcKME environment which consist of software agents organized into functional agencies. The AcKME ontology models the entities in the domain and their relationships, and is used to represent the Knowledge Management processes. The application of AcKME to Environmental Legislation and Regulation Monitoring at the Army Environmental Policy Center (AEPI) is discussed. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, USA, Ctr Res Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. RP George, R (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, USA, Ctr Res Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS PI ORLANDO PA 14269 LORD BARCLAY DR, ORLANDO, FL 32837 USA BN 980-6560-01-9 PY 2003 BP 363 EP 368 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BY51D UT WOS:000189396600066 ER PT B AU Hanratty, T Dumer, J Yen, J Fan, XC AF Hanratty, T Dumer, J Yen, J Fan, XC BE Callaos, N Farsi, D EshaghianWilner, M Hanratty, T Rishe, N TI Using agents with shared mental model to support Network-Centric Warfare SO 7TH WORLD MULTICONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL XVI, PROCEEDINGS: SYSTEMICS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics CY JUL 27-30, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Int Inst Informat & System DE software agent; shared mental model; decision support; battle command AB The information age has given way to what many military experts are describing as the next major military advancement - Network Centric Warfare (NCW). At its core, NCW has as its objective the translation of information superiority to supreme combat power; providing unprecedented lethality, survivability, and situational awareness to battle commanders and battle staff. One of the challenges associated with effective NCW is the development of environments that provide accurate, relevant and timely information exchange to the right entities at the right time. Studies have shown that one of the keys to effective information exchange is the ability of teammates to anticipate the needs of other teammates and proactively take appropriate action. Outlined in this paper is an on-going research program between the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Pennsylvania State University aimed at combating the battle command information exchange problem by combining the use of shared mental models with software agent technology. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hanratty, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS PI ORLANDO PA 14269 LORD BARCLAY DR, ORLANDO, FL 32837 USA BN 980-6560-01-9 PY 2003 BP 369 EP 374 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BY51D UT WOS:000189396600067 ER PT S AU Damarla, TR AF Damarla, TR BE Masten, MK Stockum, LA TI Tracking a convoy of multiple targets using acoustic sensor data SO ACQUISITION, TRACKING, AND POINTING XVII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing XVII CY APR 22, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE AB In this paper we present an algorithm to track a convoy of several targets in a scene using acoustic sensor array data. The tracking algorithm is based on template of the direction of arrival (DOA) angles for the leading target. Often the first target is the closest target to the sensor array and hence the loudest with good signal to noise ratio. Several steps were used to generate a template of the DOA angle for the leading target, namely, (a) the angle at the present instant should be close to the angle at the previous instant and (b) the angle at the present instant should be within error bounds of the predicted value based on the previous values. Once the template of the DOA angles of the leading target is developed, it is used to predict the DOA angle tracks of the remaining targets. In order to generate the tracks for the remaining targets, a track is established if the angles correspond to the initial track values of the first target. Second the time delay between the first track and the remaining tracks are estimated at the highest correlation points between the first track and the remaining tracks. As the vehicles move at different speeds the tracks either compress or expand depending on whether a target is moving fast or slow compared to the first target. The expansion and compression ratios are estimated and used to estimate the predicted DOA angle values of the remaining targets. Based on these predicted DOA angles of the remaining targets the DOA angles obtained from the MVDR or Incoherent MUSIC will be appropriately assigned to proper tracks. Several other rules were developed to avoid mixing the tracks. The algorithm is tested on data collected at Aberdeen Proving Ground with a convoy of 3, 4 and 5 vehicles. Some of the vehicles are tracked and some are wheeled vehicles. The tracking algorithm results are found to be good. The results will be presented at the conference and in the paper. C1 USA, Res Lab, Acoust Signal Proc Branch, AMSRL SE SA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Damarla, TR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Acoust Signal Proc Branch, AMSRL SE SA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4941-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5082 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1117/12.487528 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX58D UT WOS:000185757300005 ER PT J AU Straube, WL Nestler, CC Hansen, LD Ringleberg, D Pritchard, PH Jones-Meehan, J AF Straube, WL Nestler, CC Hansen, LD Ringleberg, D Pritchard, PH Jones-Meehan, J TI Remediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through landfarming with biostimulation and bioaugmentation SO ACTA BIOTECHNOLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium of the International-Society-for-Environmental-Biotechnology CY JUN, 2002 CL VERACRUZ, MEXICO SP Int Soc Environm Biotechnol ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MASS-TRANSFER; DEGRADATION; BIOREMEDIATION; BACTERIA; SOILS; BIOAVAILABILITY; FLUORANTHENE; PHENANTHRENE; SUBSURFACE AB Many soils contaminated with high molecular weight hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) contain PAH-degrading microorganisms. These microbes are often limited in their degradation capability because of some limiting environmental factors (i.e., low aqueous solubility of PAHs, low bioavailability of PAHs, nitrogen or other nutrient limitation, high co-contamination levels such as pentachlorophenol [PCP] that can inhibit PAH biodegradation, etc.). Microcosm studies were done using biostimulation (addition of ground rice hulls as a bulking agent and dried blood as a slow-release nitrogen source) and/or bioaugmentation (addition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 64, a biosurfactant-producer on a vermiculite carrier). Soil from the POPILE, Inc. Superfund site (PAHs at 13,000 mg/kg, average and PCP at 1,500 mg/kg, average) was used. After 11 months, control microcosms (no treatment) showed a 23% decrease in total PAHs and a 48% decrease in total BaP toxic equivalents. The biostimulated microcosms showed a 34% decrease in total PAHs and a 57% decrease in total BaP toxic equivalents, while the biostimulated and bioaugmented microcosms revealed an 87% decrease in total PAHs and a 67% decrease in total BaP toxic equivalents. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 64 is not a PAH-degrader, therefore, this reduction in PAHs was due to stimulated degradation by the autochthonous microbial community. Pan studies were designed to test the improved bioremediation of HMW PAHs using biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation on a larger scale. Drywells were used to monitor soil microbial respiration, soil moisture was maintained at 50-80% of the soil field moisture capacity (FMC), cultivation was carried out weekly with rototillers, and microbial biomass and community composition (indigenous microbiota and augmented soil) were determined by PLFA profiles. An initial rapid decrease in PAH concentration was observed in the pan receiving both bioaugmentation and biostimulation (50% degradation at six months). The pan that was biostimulated only achieved the 50% level at seven months. After 16 months, the control pan showed a 12% decrease in PAHs, while biostimulated only and both biostimulated and bioaugmented pans showed an 86 and 87% removal, respectively. These two pans developed similar microbial communities, and these communities were different from that in the control pan 1. Supplementing autochthonous bacterial communities, using slow-release nitrogen fertiliser and bulking agent has great potential for improving landfarming of PAH-contaminated soils. C1 GeoCenters Inc, Washington, DC USA. So Div, Appl Res Associates, Vicksburg, MS USA. Cold Regions Res Environm Lab, Hanover, NH USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jones-Meehan, J (reprint author), GeoCenters Inc, Washington, DC USA. EM jonesmee@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 40 TC 46 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 27 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0138-4988 J9 ACTA BIOTECHNOL JI Acta Biotechnol. PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2-3 BP 179 EP 196 DI 10.1002/abio.200390025 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 710BJ UT WOS:000184660700008 ER PT S AU Liu, JJ Apsel, A Gerhold, M Chang, W Simonis, GJ AF Liu, JJ Apsel, A Gerhold, M Chang, W Simonis, GJ BE Dutta, AK Awwal, AAS Dutta, NK Fujiura, K TI Multi-channel optical interconnects for optical communication and processing at tens of Gbits/s SO ACTIVE AND PASSIVE OPTICAL COMPONENTS FOR WDM COMMUNICATIONS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Active and Passive Optical Components for WDM Communications III CY SEP 08-11, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE VCSEL; photodetector; CMOS driver and receiver; silicon-on-sapphire; optical interconnects; bandwidth AB 8x8 parallel-channeled optical interconnect systems operating at 1 Gbits/s per channel were designed and developed using complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits driven 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays and the corresponding photodetector arrays. Low operating threshold and voltage were adapted and facilitated in the design and fabrication of VCSELs and photodetectors in order to achieve the low-power consumption for the entire system. The driver and receiver circuits were fabricated on transparent sapphire substrates using 0.5-mum ultra-thin silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology and subsequently flip-chip bonded with corresponding VCSEL and photodetector arrays. The VCSEL transmitter and photoreceiver arrays were biased at 3.3 V and optically coupled in a free-space configuration using compound lens systems. Data communications at bandwidth up to 1.0 Gb/s for each single channel were characterized. Bit-error-rate (BER) was measured to be better than 10(-9) from the eye diagrams. Such interconnect systems were also demonstrated for optical data processing using diffractive optical elements. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5129-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5246 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1117/12.512979 PG 7 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BX69U UT WOS:000186148400004 ER PT S AU Weyrauch, T Vorontsov, MA AF Weyrauch, T Vorontsov, MA BE Gonglewski, JD Vorontsov, MA Gruneisen, MT TI Mitigation of atmospheric-turbulence effects over a 2.4 km near horizontal propagation path with a 134 control-channel MEMS/VLSI adaptive transceiver system SO ADVANCED WAVEFRONT CONTROL: METHODS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Wavefront Control: Methods Devices and Applications CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; stochastic parallel gradient descent; speckle beacon ID PHASE-DISTORTION CORRECTION; OPTICS; OPTIMIZATION; COMPENSATION; MIRROR AB We present the results from experimental mitigation of wavefront distortions induced by atmospheric turbulence within a 2.4 km near horizontal propagation path using an adaptive optics system based on a model-free optimization strategy. A laser source with a diffuser or a multi-mode fiber-coupled laser were used to model a partially coherent speckle beacon. Propagation path characteristics (intensity scintillations and Strehl ratio fluctuations) were determined for different turbulence conditions. The adaptive optics system comprises a microelectromechanical mirror and a VLSI controller that implements a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm for the optimization process. Experiments performed in an adaptive receiver as well as in an adaptive transceiver configuration demonstrate improvement of the average Strehl ratio even under strong scintillation conditions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Attn AMSRL CI CS,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5035-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5162 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1117/12.508080 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY24V UT WOS:000188420300001 ER PT S AU Carhart, GW Simer, GJ Vorontsov, MA AF Carhart, GW Simer, GJ Vorontsov, MA BE Gonglewski, JD Vorontsov, MA Gruneisen, MT TI Adaptive compensation of the effects of non-stationary thermal blooming based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent optimization method SO ADVANCED WAVEFRONT CONTROL: METHODS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Wavefront Control: Methods Devices and Applications CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE laser beam shaping; adaptive optics; speckles-based metric; thermal blooming AB A 40-control-channel adaptive optics system capable of minimizing the impact of propagation medium induced thermal blooming effect in the target-in-the-loop optical setting is presented. The optical system uses two adaptive mirrors: a 37-channel deformable mirror manufactured by Xinetics Inc. and a 3-channel tip-tilt/defocus adaptive mirror constructed at the Army Research Laboratory. System operation is based on phase control of the outgoing wavefront based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent optimization technique. The optimized metric depends solely on characteristics of the returned speckle field scattered by an extended target surface registered at the transmitter plane. Results demonstrate that adaptive wavefront correction using a speckle-field-based beam quality metric can improve laser beam concentration on extended objects in the presence of propagation medium thermal blooming effects. C1 USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20823 USA. RP Carhart, GW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20823 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5035-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5162 BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1117/12.507307 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY24V UT WOS:000188420300003 ER PT S AU Vorontsov, M Carhart, G Banta, M Weyrauch, T Gowens, J Carrano, J AF Vorontsov, M Carhart, G Banta, M Weyrauch, T Gowens, J Carrano, J BE Gonglewski, JD Vorontsov, MA Gruneisen, MT TI Atmospheric laser optics testbed (A_LOT): Atmospheric propagation characterization, beam control, and imaging results SO ADVANCED WAVEFRONT CONTROL: METHODS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Wavefront Control: Methods Devices and Applications CY AUG 06-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE laser communication; atmospheric optics; beam control; atmospheric turbulence AB A new Army Research Laboratory (ARL) facility, the Atmospheric Laser Optics Testbed (A_LOT), designed to support research and development for a wide range of laser communication, atmospheric optics, beam control and imaging programs is presented. A_LOT provides a research laboratory environment that includes a 2.3 km near horizontal atmospheric optical path for studying the major challenges facing applications that employ laser beam propagation or imaging through the boundary layer atmosphere. Simultaneous and continual characterization of the meteorological and atmospheric turbulence parameters with characteristics of atmospheric imaging and laser beam propagation is accomplished with a network of various sensors connected to an automated data collection and archiving system. "Local weather" control capabilities allow generation of smoke, fog or rain. Devices and experiments can be controlled and data examined remotely via internet connection and remote client software. Examples of recent laser communication and imaging results obtained using the A_LOT facilities are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vorontsov, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5035-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5162 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1117/12.507524 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BY24V UT WOS:000188420300004 ER PT S AU Zhu, DM Bansal, NP Miller, RA AF Zhu, DM Bansal, NP Miller, RA BE Bansal, NP Singh, JP Kriven, WM Schneider, H TI Thermal conductivity and stability of HfO2-Y2O3 and La2Zr2O7 evaluated for 1650 degrees C thermal/environmental barrier coating applications SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES IX SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Recent Advances in Ceramic Matrix Composites CY APR 27-30, 2003 CL Nashville, TN SP NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Engn Ceram Div, Amer Ceram Soc AB HfO2-Y2O3 and La2Zr2O7 are candidate thermal and environmental barrier coating (T/EBC) materials for gas turbine ceramic matrix composite (CMC) combustor applications because of their relatively low thermal conductivity and high temperature capability. In this paper, thermal conductivity and high temperature stability of hot-pressed and plasma-sprayed specimens with representative partially-stabilized and fully-cubic HfO2-Y2O3 compositions and La2Zr2O7 were evaluated at temperatures up to 1700degreesC using a steady-state laser heat-flux technique. Sintering behavior of the plasma-sprayed coatings was determined by monitoring the thermal conductivity increases during a 20-hour test period at various temperatures. Durability and failure mechanisms of the HfO2-Y2O3 and La2Zr2O7 coatings on mullite/SiC hexoloy or SiC/SiC CMC substrates were investigated at 1650degreesC under thermal gradient cyclic conditions. Coating design and testing issues for the 1650degreesC thermal/environmental barrier coating applications are also discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, NASA,John H Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Zhu, DM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, NASA,John H Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-207-9 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2003 VL 153 BP 331 EP 343 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BY77C UT WOS:000189459100023 ER PT S AU Bonvini, E DeBell, KE Veri, MC Graham, L Stoica, B Laborda, J Aman, MJ DiBaldassarre, A Miscia, S Rellahan, BL AF Bonvini, E DeBell, KE Veri, MC Graham, L Stoica, B Laborda, J Aman, MJ DiBaldassarre, A Miscia, S Rellahan, BL BE Weber, G TI On the mechanism coupling phospholipase C gamma 1 to the B- and T-cell antigen receptors SO ADVANCES IN ENZYME REGULATION, VOL 43 SE Advances in Enzyme Regulation LA English DT Review CT 43rd International Symposium on Regulation of Enzyme Activity and Synthesis in Normal and Neoplastic Tissues CY SEP 23-24, 2002 CL INDIANA UNIV SCH MED, INDIANAPOLIS, IN HO INDIANA UNIV SCH MED ID PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; FACTOR-INDUCED ACTIVATION; HOMOLOGY 3 DOMAIN; C-GAMMA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SH2 DOMAINS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; EGF RECEPTOR; BINDING-SITE C1 US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Monoclonal Antibodies, Immunobiol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ G dAnnunzio, Dipartimeno Biomorfologia, I-66100 Chieti, Italy. RP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Monoclonal Antibodies, Immunobiol Lab, HFM-564,NIH Campus,Bldg 29B,Rm 3NN10,8800 Rockvil, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bonvini@mail.nih.gov RI STOICA, BOGDAN/H-9782-2013; Laborda, Jorge/L-5726-2014 OI STOICA, BOGDAN/0000-0002-2501-6434; Laborda, Jorge/0000-0002-9210-838X NR 105 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 0065-2571 BN 0-08-044294-3 J9 ADV ENZYME REGUL JI Adv. Enzym. Regul. PY 2003 VL 43 BP 245 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0065-2571(02)00033-X PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BX22L UT WOS:000184694600018 PM 12791395 ER PT S AU Bosch, EH Lin, JE AF Bosch, EH Lin, JE BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Wavelet-based dimension reduction for hyperspectral image classification SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery IX CY APR 21-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral imagery; dimension reduction; wavelet transform and adaptive wavelets; classification ID FEATURE-EXTRACTION; ADAPTIVE WAVELETS AB For dimension reduction of hyperspectral imagery, we propose a modification to Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Karhunen-Loeve Transform, by choosing a set of basis vectors corresponding to the proposed transformation to be not only orthonormal but also wavelets. Although the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix of PCA minimize the mean square error over all other choices of orthonormal basis vectors, we will show that the proposed set of wavelet basis vectors have several desirable properties. After reducing the dimensionality of the data, we perform a supervised classification of the original and reduced data sets, compare the results, and assess the merits of such transformation. C1 Topog Engn Ctr, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Bosch, EH (reprint author), Topog Engn Ctr, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4953-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5093 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1117/12.484876 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX79U UT WOS:000186472900007 ER PT S AU Rand, RS AF Rand, RS BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI A physically-constrained localized linear mixing model for TERCAT applications SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery IX CY APR 21-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral; linear mixture analysis; endmember selection; terrain categorization; abundance estimation AB A physically-constrained localized linear mixing model suitable to process multi/hyperspectral imagery for Terrain Categorization (TERCAT) applications is investigated. Unlike the basic spectral linear mixing method that typically includes all potential end members in a set, simultaneously, in the model for each site in an image, the proposed approach restricts the local model at each site to a subset of endmembers, using localized spectral/spatial constraints to narrow the selection process. This approach is used to reduce the observed instability of conventional linear mixture analysis in addressing TERCAT problems for scenes with a large number of endmembers. Experiments are conducted on a 18 channel GERIS scene, airborne-collected over Northern Virginia, that contains a diverse range of terrain features, showing the benefit of this method as compared to the basic linear mixture analysis approach for TERCAT applications. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Rand, RS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4953-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5093 BP 547 EP 558 DI 10.1117/12.485935 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX79U UT WOS:000186472900053 ER PT J AU Moses, FM Lee, J AF Moses, FM Lee, J TI Surveillance cultures to monitor quality of gastrointestinal endoscope reprocessing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Digestive Disease Week/101st Annual Meeting of the American-Gastroenterological-Association CY MAY 21-24, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Gastroenterol Assoc ID DISINFECTION; INFECTION AB OBJECTIVES: High-level disinfection of GI endoscopes can be reliably obtained under controlled conditions with approved reprocessing methods. However, there are scant data regarding the effectiveness of these methods in clinical practice and no published methods of verification. The purpose of this study is to review retrospectively the results of environmental cultures of flexible endoscopes and to analyze the pattern of results. METHODS: Cultures of selected GI endoscopes listed as ready to use were obtained by adding 5-15 ml of trypticase soy broth or saline or 30-50 ml of sterile water to the biopsy channel of an endoscope. This wash was collected in a sterile container, plated onto blood and MacConkey agar, incubated at 37degreesC, and examined for growth at 24 and 48 h. Personnel trained in accordance with approved procedures performed endoscope reprocessing. RESULTS: A total of 312 surveillance cultures were performed between 1990 and 1999. Initially, three of 17 water bottles were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas species. The bottles were sterilized daily; only sterile water was used and subsequent cultures were negative. Between 1992 and 1994, 15/129 (11.6%) cultures were positive; 14 (93%) were from duodenoscopes. From 1995 to 1997, 18/124 (14.5%) cultures were positive, but only six (33%) were from duodenoscopes. However, 10 (55.6%) positive cultures were obtained from therapeutic upper endoscopes, attributed to faulty mechanical cleaning by nonnursing personnel after emergent procedures. The reprocessing procedure was altered, with improvement. One duodenoscope was persistently culture positive and was found to have a damaged biopsy channel. There were no recognized iatrogenic infections associated with endoscopic procedures. Organisms cultured were commonly gram-negative rods. CONCLUSIONS: The use of environmental endoscope culturing is a rapid, simple, inexpensive method to monitor effectiveness of standard reprocessing procedures. Disinfection is less effective with poor mechanical cleansing, and high-titer positivity is a marker for poor cleaning technique. Standard upper and lower scopes are commonly culture negative. Duodenoscopes, because of their inherent complexity, and other scopes used in emergent conditions require particular attention. Surveillance culture results can be used to identify patterns of poor technique, to reinforce proper procedure, and to modify clinical practice. No associated clinical illness was apparent during this study. (C) 2003 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moses, FM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 98 IS 1 BP 77 EP 81 AR PII S0002-9270(02)05833-1 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(02)05833-1 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 639NQ UT WOS:000180636400015 PM 12526940 ER PT J AU Akpek, G Knight, RD Wright, DG AF Akpek, G Knight, RD Wright, DG TI Use of oral mucosal neutrophil counts to detect the onset and resolution of profound neutropenia following high-dose myelosuppressive chemotherapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neutropenia; myelosuppression; mucosal neutrophil counts AB Severe neutropenia following cytotoxic, anti-cancer chemotherapy is well-known to be associated with an increased risk of infections that may be life-threatening, particularly if not treated immediately. Consequently, serial. measurements of neutrophil counts in peripheral blood are done routinely following the administration of high-dose myelosuppressive chemotherapy in order to monitor the onset, severity, and duration of iatrogenic neutropenia. We have studied a non-invasive method of quantifying neutrophils recoverable from the oral mucosa, a normal tissue site of neutrophil turnover, as an alternative approach for monitoring severe, chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. This method is based on the quantification of fluorochrome-stained neutrophils present in timed mouthwash specimens. Blood neutrophil (ANC) and mucosal neutrophil counts (MNC) were measured repeatedly in 23 patients who had been treated with dose-intensive chemotherapy for a variety of indications. All 23 patients developed profound neutropenia (ANC < 100/mm(3)), and 19 developed neutropenic fever (> 101degreesF) during the 2 weeks following treatment. Nadirs of neutropenia defined by MNC were significantly less prolonged than those defined by the ANC. Furthermore, the onset and resolution of neutropenic fever coincided more precisely with nadirs of neutropenia defined by the MNC than with those defined by the ANC. Our findings indicate that oral mucosal neutrophil counts predict the timing of clinical events associated with neutropenia (e.g., the onset and resolution of fever) with significantly greater accuracy than blood neutrophil counts. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Castle Hematol Res Lab,Sect Hematol & Oncol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wright, DG (reprint author), Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Castle Hematol Res Lab,Sect Hematol & Oncol, EBRC 405,650 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 72 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1002/ajh.10250 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 632AV UT WOS:000180201500003 PM 12508262 ER PT J AU Gantt, DG Kappleman, J Ketcham, RA Alder, ME Deahl, TH AF Gantt, DG Kappleman, J Ketcham, RA Alder, ME Deahl, TH TI 3D approach to interpret enamel thickness and volume. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Med Sci, Washington, DC USA. Univ Texas, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Geol & Earth Sci, High Resolut Xray Computed Tomog Facil, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Dent, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PY 2003 SU 36 BP 99 EP 99 PG 1 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 657MB UT WOS:000181670000172 ER PT J AU Watt, G Jongsakul, K Suttinont, C AF Watt, G Jongsakul, K Suttinont, C TI Possible scrub typhus coinfections in Thai agricultural workers hospitalized with leptospirosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB Possible coinfections with Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, were prospectively evaluated in rice farmers hospitalized with leptospirosis in Northeast Thailand. Of 22 adults with leptospirosis diagnosed by the microscopic agglutination test, 9 also had serologic evidence of scrub typhus. Of 9 individuals with possible coinfections, 5 had signs or symptoms typical of scrub typhus and atypical of leptospirosis. Patients who appeared to have mixed infections had significantly higher median platelet counts and significantly lower median serum bilirubin and creatinine concentrations (P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test) than did individuals with leptospirosis alone. One patient with serologic evidence of scrub typhus and leptospirosis was treated only with penicillin, to which scrub typhus is not sensitive. Respiratory distress worsened during therapy, and the patient died of respiratory failure. Physicians should consider the possibility of scrub typhus infection in leptospirosis patients who respond poorly to treatment or who have atypical disease manifestations. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Maharaj Nakhon Ratchasima Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. RP Watt, G (reprint author), AFRIMS, HIV Interact Sect, Dept Retrovirol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 13 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 BP 89 EP 91 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 632YV UT WOS:000180253200016 PM 12556154 ER PT J AU Pillai, DR Hijar, G Montoya, Y Marquino, W Ruebush, TK Wongsrichanalai, C Kain, KC AF Pillai, DR Hijar, G Montoya, Y Marquino, W Ruebush, TK Wongsrichanalai, C Kain, KC TI Lack of prediction of mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate treatment outcome by mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (PFMDR1) gene for P-falciparum malaria in Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID THAILAND; ANTIMALARIALS; SENSITIVITY AB We assessed whether mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug-resistance gene 1 (pfmdr1) (C1034S, D1042N, and Y1246D) would predict treatment outcome during a 28-day in vivo treatment trial in the Peruvian Amazon. Mefloquine (MQ) was compared with mefloquine-artesunate (MQ-AS) in a randomized, multi-clinic protocol for the first time in the Americas. Of 115 patients enrolled in the in vivo arm, 97 patients were eligible for molecular analysis. All 97 patients remained parasite-free during 28 days of follow-up (MO, n = 46; MQ-AS, n = 51), indicating 100% clinical efficacy of the MQ and MQ-AS treatment regimens. The reported MQ-sensitive alleles (C1034, D1042, and Y1246) were present in 48.5% (n = 47) of the cases, whereas 49 isolates (50.5%) contained the D1246 mutation reported to confer MQ resistance in vitro. However, neither this mutation nor a double mutation (S1034, D1246; n 16) was predictive of MQ treatment outcome. C1 Toronto Gen Hosp, Trop Dis Unit, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Inst Nacl Salud, Dept Mol Biol, Lima, Peru. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Inst Nacl Salud, Dept Parasitol, Lima, Peru. RP Kain, KC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 BP 107 EP 110 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 632YV UT WOS:000180253200020 PM 12557835 ER PT J AU Davis, KA Williams, P Walker, JC AF Davis, KA Williams, P Walker, JC TI Successful desensitization to high-dose methotrexate after systemic anaphylaxis SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION AB Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist used in high doses as adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma. It has many known toxicities and has been reported to cause anaphylaxis. We report the first successful desensitization protocol to high-dose MTX. Case Presentation: The patient is a 22-year-old male with the evaluation of osteosarcoma, T1Gr2NxM0. He received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and later underwent a right above the knee amputation without complication. He was then scheduled to receive adjuvant chemotherapy with high-dose MTX, 12 g/m(2) body surface area, followed by leucovorin rescue and ifosfamide. He had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during the initiation of the MTX infusion with diffuse urticaria, facial swelling, cough, and chest tightness. The infusion was terminated and his symptoms abated. He was later skin tested to confirm allergy to MTX. In order for him to receive the needed chemotherapy, we developed a desensitization protocol that was administered in the intensive care unit. Before the infusion he was pretreated with ranitidine, cetirizine, hydroxyzine, montelukast, and prednisone. He underwent the desensitization without incident on repeated infusions. Serum tryptase levels drawn during the infusions were low, signifying controlled mast cell degranulation. Conclusions: This case describes the original development of a desensitization protocol to high-dose MTX. The successful development and implementation of this protocol will have impact on patients who have anaphylactic reactions to MTX but require this medication for specific diseases. For patients who suffer from osteogenic sarcoma and have anaphylactic reactions to MTX, this desensitization protocol will allow these patients to continue with needed therapeutic or palliative chemotherapy. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Davis, KA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 90 IS 1 BP 87 EP 89 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 635ZQ UT WOS:000180430400018 PM 12546343 ER PT J AU Luszczak, M Kharod, CU Abbrescia, K AF Luszczak, M Kharod, CU Abbrescia, K TI Medical mistakes, errors in judgment, and personal awareness SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PHYSICIANS; IMPACT C1 Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Luszczak, M (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 1 BP 155 EP 156 DI 10.1067/mem.2003.29 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 634YC UT WOS:000180369200025 PM 12526128 ER PT S AU Motyka, RJ Hunter, L Echelmeyer, KA Connor, C AF Motyka, RJ Hunter, L Echelmeyer, KA Connor, C BE Raymond, CF TI Submarine melting at the terminus of a temperate tidewater glacier, LeConte Glacier, Alaska, USA SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 36 SE ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow CY JUN 10-14, 2002 CL YAKUTAT, ALASKA SP Univ Alaska, US Natl Sci Fdn, US Natl Acronaut & Space Adm, Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Arctic Res Consortium United States ID FJORDS AB Heat, fresh- and sea-water balances indicate that the late-summer rate of submarine melting at the terminus of tidewater LeConte Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A., in 2000 was about 12 in d(-1) w.e., averaged over the submerged face. This is 57 % of the estimated total ice loss at the terminus (calving plus melting) at this time. Submarine melting may thus provide a significant contribution to the overall ablation of a tidewater glacier. Oceanographic measurements (conductivity-temperature-depth) made 200-500 in from the terminus identified an isohaline (27 ppt) and isothermal (7.2degreesC) layer extending from 130 in depth to the fjord floor. Capping this is a 40 in thick overflow plume, distinguished by high outflow rates, low salinity (22-25 ppt) and lower temperatures (5-6degreesC). Mixing models indicate that fresh water comprised about 11 % of this plume; it originates mostly as subglacial discharge whose buoyancy drives convection at the terminus. Deep, warm saline waters are incorporated into the plume as it ascends, causing substantial melting of ice along the submarine face. The calving terminus undergoes seasonal changes that coincide with changes in subglacial discharge and fjord water temperatures, and we suggest that these fluctuations in terminus position are directly related to changes in submarine melting. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska SE, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Motyka, RJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. NR 24 TC 134 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 22 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 BN 0-946417-31-8 J9 ANN GLACIOL PY 2003 VL 36 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.3189/172756403781816374 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BX30W UT WOS:000184905100009 ER PT S AU Alley, RB Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Larson, GJ AF Alley, RB Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Larson, GJ BE Raymond, CF TI Sediment, glaciohydraulic supercooling, and fast glacier flow SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 36 SE Annals of Glaciology-Series LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow CY JUN 10-14, 2002 CL YAKUTAT, AK SP Univ Alaska, US Natl Sci Fdn, US Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Arctic Res Consortium United States ID FREEZE-ON MECHANISM; RICH BASAL ICE; MATANUSKA GLACIER; TIDEWATER GLACIERS; NEW-ZEALAND; SUBGLACIAL DRAINAGE; TEMPERATE GLACIERS; FIELD EVIDENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STREAM-B AB Glaciers often advance over proglacial sediments, which then may enhance basal motion. For glaciers with abundant meltwater, thermodynamic considerations indicate that the sediment ice contact in the direction of ice flow tends toward an angle opposed to and somewhat steeper than the surface slope (by slightly more than 50%). A simple model based on this hypothesis yields the extent of over-ridden sediments as a function of sediment thickness and strength, a result that may be useful in guiding additional fieldwork for hypothesis testing. Sediment-floored as well as rock-floored over-deepenings are common features along glacier flow paths and are expected based on theories of glacier erosion, entrainment, transport and deposition. C1 Penn State Univ, EMS Environm Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Alley, RB (reprint author), Penn State Univ, EMS Environm Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ralley@essc.psu.edu NR 59 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 13 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 BN 0-946417-31-8 J9 ANN GLACIOL-SER PY 2003 VL 36 BP 135 EP 141 DI 10.3189/172756403781816121 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BX30W UT WOS:000184905100019 ER PT S AU Cole, DM AF Cole, DM BE Duval, P TI A dislocation-based analysis of the creep of granular ice: preliminary experiments and modeling SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 37 SE ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Physical and Mechanical Processes om Ice in Relation to Glacier and Ice-Sheet Modelling CY AUG 25-30, 2002 CL Chamonix, FRANCE SP Int Glacier Soc, CNRS, European Space Agc, Reg Rhone Alpes ID POLYCRYSTALLINE ICE; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; STRAIN RATES; CRYSTAL SIZE; SALINE ICE; DEFORMATION; SHEET; RHEOLOGY; STRESS AB The nature of the fall-off at lower stresses from power-law behavior to a lower-order stress dependency is of particular interest in glacier and ice-sheet modeling. Preliminary experiments show that the stress level at which the fall-off occurs is a function of the specimen's dislocation density. The analysis employs a dislocation-based model of anelasticity that provides a quantitative relationship between the effective dislocation density and the area of hysteresis loops observed in cyclic loading experiments. Combining this technique with staged creep experiment makes it possible to calculate the dislocation density as a function of strain, thereby supporting a quantitative dislocation analysis of the deformation process. Work on saline ice established that the threshold stress associated with power-law behavior increased as a result of prior straining, power-law behavior emerged when the effective dislocation density increased measurably during deformation, and approximately linear behavior was evident when the dislocation density remained relatively constant. Those findings motivated the experiments on fresh-water ice presented here. The preliminary experiments show that pre-straining increases the stress associated with the fall-off from power-law behavior, and the results are interpreted in the context of a dislocation-based constitutive model developed for sea ice. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Cole, DM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM dmcole@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 BN 0-946417-32-6 J9 ANN GLACIOL PY 2003 VL 37 BP 18 EP 22 DI 10.3189/172756403781815564 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BY73Q UT WOS:000189450700003 ER PT J AU Arciero, CA Shriver, C Somiari, R Hooke, J Somiari, S AF Arciero, CA Shriver, C Somiari, R Hooke, J Somiari, S TI Matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expression in the blood of breast cancer patients SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 05-09, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 SU S MA P60 BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 706AK UT WOS:000184429300160 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Deyarmin, B Mittal, V Lubert, S Hooke, J Somiari, RI Shriver, C AF Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Deyarmin, B Mittal, V Lubert, S Hooke, J Somiari, RI Shriver, C TI Genomic Loss of Heterozygosity analyses as a novel method of defining surgical margins in breast cancer treatment SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 05-09, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CBCP, Washington, DC USA. Windber Res Inst CBCP, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 SU S MA P40 BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 706AK UT WOS:000184429300141 ER PT J AU Gurney, JM Woll, MM Fisher, CM Penn, N McLeod, DG Moul, J Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Gurney, JM Woll, MM Fisher, CM Penn, N McLeod, DG Moul, J Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI In vivo evidence of epitope spreading in breast and prostate cancer patients receiving a preventative single peptide vaccine SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 05-09, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Immunol Res Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 SU S MA 64 BP S27 EP S28 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 706AK UT WOS:000184429300065 ER PT J AU Shriver, C Sullivan, A Somiari, S Russell, S Heckman, C Hooke, J Somiari, RI AF Shriver, C Sullivan, A Somiari, S Russell, S Heckman, C Hooke, J Somiari, RI TI Proteomics analysis of breast tumors and lymph nodes by 2-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 05-09, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CBCP Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC USA. Windber Res Inst CBCP, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 SU S MA 25 BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 706AK UT WOS:000184429300026 ER PT J AU Somiari, RI Somiari, S Ellsworth, R Ottmann, S Heckman, C Lubert, S Hooke, J Ellsworth, D Shriver, C AF Somiari, RI Somiari, S Ellsworth, R Ottmann, S Heckman, C Lubert, S Hooke, J Ellsworth, D Shriver, C TI Classification of breast disease by genome-wide DNA copy number analysis SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 05-09, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CBCP, Washington, DC USA. Windber Res Inst CBCP, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 SU S MA P8 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 706AK UT WOS:000184429300110 ER PT J AU Hawkins, JP AF Hawkins, John P. BE Frese, PR Harrell, MC TI Anthropology and the United States Military: Coming of Age in the Twenty-first Century Preface SO ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE UNITED STATES MILITARY: COMING OF AGE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Hawkins, John P.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hawkins, John P.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hawkins, JP (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4039-6297-3 PY 2003 BP IX EP XIV D2 10.1057/9781403982179 PG 6 WC Anthropology; Sociology SC Anthropology; Sociology GA BPQ36 UT WOS:000279633100001 ER PT J AU Baker, R Bray, M Huggins, JW AF Baker, R Bray, M Huggins, JW TI Potential antiviral therapeutics for smallpox, monkeypox and other orthopoxvirus infections SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE orthopox; cidofovir; smallpox; monkeypox; variola; antiviral ID S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; VIRUS RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; CARBOCYCLIC ANALOG; RIBAVIRIN; CIDOFOVIR; MICE; COWPOX; AGENT; 3-DEAZAADENOSINE; REPLICATION AB We assessed the activities of 24 different antiviral compounds against smallpox (two strains of variola major and one of variola minor), monkeypox, vaccinia and cowpox viruses by a neutral red uptake assay. To establish assay parameters, we examined viral replication and its inhibition at various times postinfection and at several multiplicities of infection. Drugs were selected to target a range of functions involved in viral replication. Eight compounds (cidofovir, cyclic HPMPC (cHPMPC), HPMPA, ribavirin, tiazofurin, carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine, 3-deazaneplanocin A and DFBA (1-(2,4-difluorobenzyioxy)adenosine perchlorate)-a derivative of adenosine NI-oxide) inhibited the replication of all three variola strains and the other orthopoxviruses at drug concentrations within a pharmacologically achievable range. Two others (methisazone and bis-POM-PMEA) showed a lesser degree of antiviral effect, while the remainder were inactive. To examine possible naturally occurring drug resistance among a large number of variola isolates obtained from different geographical regions and at different times, we examined the sensitivity of 35 different strains of variola as well as other orthopoxviruses to a subset of three of the most active compounds: cidofovir, cHPMPC, and ribavirin. Preliminary data indicate that nearly all isolates appear to have similar drug sensitivities. These findings are currently being verified and expanded. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Div Virol,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Baker, R (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Viral Therapeut, Div Virol,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM robert.baker@det.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 115 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 57 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 13 EP 23 AR PII S0166-3542(02)00196-1 DI 10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00196-1 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 658DF UT WOS:000181705800004 PM 12615299 ER PT S AU Jones, KA Ervin, MH Shah, PB Derenge, MA Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T Freitas, JA AF Jones, KA Ervin, MH Shah, PB Derenge, MA Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T Freitas, JA BE Duggan, JL Morgan, IL TI Electrical activation processes in ion implanted SiC device structures SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 12-16, 2002 CL UNIV N TEXAS, DENTON, TX SP Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE HO UNIV N TEXAS AB Electrically activating implanted dopants requires annealing temperatures above that where the Si evaporates preferentially. Methods for preventing this are discussed, and it is shown that AlN can be used as an annealing cap for temperatures as high as 1600degreesC. For the higher temperatures required to activate acceptors, a dual BN/AlN cap can be used. Defects such as the D-1 defect, however, cannot be annealed out, and it is shown that this defect is probably a deep donor that can act as a hole trap, and it is most likely an extended defect such as a dislocation loop. C1 SEDD, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. RP Jones, KA (reprint author), SEDD, Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0149-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 680 BP 694 EP 696 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BX88G UT WOS:000186713800159 ER PT S AU Pallone, AK AF Pallone, AK BE Duggan, JL Morgan, IL TI Cadet development through accelerator-based independent study SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 12-16, 2002 CL UNIV N TEXAS, DENTON, TX SP Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE HO UNIV N TEXAS AB The Department of Physics at the United States Military Academy owns and operates an HVEC LC-400 Van de Graaff accelerator. After a few years of limited use, interest among the faculty in the accelerator as a learning tool increased. Four cadets responded to an offer for independent study with the accelerator. The cadets were tasked to measure the diffusion coefficient of boron along tungsten grain boundaries. Two identified objectives were the preparation of the accelerator for the measurements and the development of a coincidence detector to reduce interference from Compton scattered and natural background radiations. How the cadets attacked these objectives, their successes and set backs, and the evolution of their thought process will be presented. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Pallone, AK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0149-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 680 BP 861 EP 864 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BX88G UT WOS:000186713800195 ER PT S AU Wilson, PD Clajus, M Tumer, TO Visser, G Cajipe, V AF Wilson, PD Clajus, M Tumer, TO Visser, G Cajipe, V BE Duggan, JL Morgan, IL TI Imaging using energy discriminating radiation detector array SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY NOV 12-16, 2002 CL UNIV N TEXAS, DENTON, TX SP Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE HO UNIV N TEXAS AB Industrial X-ray radiography is often done using a broad band energy source and always a broad band energy detector. There exist several major advantages in the use of narrow band sources and or detectors, one of which is the separation of scattered radiation from primary radiation. ARDEC has developed a large detector array system in which every detector element acts like a multi-channel analyzer. A radiographic image is created from the number of photons detected in each detector element, rather than from the total energy absorbed in the elements. For high energies, 25 KeV to 4 MeV, used in radiography, energy discriminating detectors have been limited to less than 20,000 photons per second per detector element. This rate is much too slow for practical radiography. Our detector system processes over two million events per second per detector pixel, making radiographic imaging practical. This paper expounds on the advantages of the ARDEC radiographic imaging process. C1 USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Qual Engn Directorate, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Wilson, PD (reprint author), USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Qual Engn Directorate, Bldg 908, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0149-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2003 VL 680 BP 913 EP 918 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BX88G UT WOS:000186713800207 ER PT S AU Ressler, EK Shoop, BL Watson, BC Das, PK AF Ressler, EK Shoop, BL Watson, BC Das, PK BE Bosacchi, B Fogel, DB Bezdek, JC TI Biologically-motivated analog-to-digital conversion SO APPLICATIONS AND SCIENCE OF NEURAL NETWORKS, FUZZY SYSTEMS, AND EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications and Science of Neural Networks, Fuzzy Systems and Evolutionary Computation VI CY AUG 05-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE biological; analog-to-digital conversion; neural networks; integrate-and-fire neuron; self-stabilization ID NEURONS AB Biologically-motivated analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion considers the charge-fire cycles of neurons in biological systems as binary oversampled A/D conversion processes. Feedback mechanisms have been hypothesized that coordinate charge-fire cycles in a manner that suppresses noise in the signal baseband of the power spectrum of output spikes, also a central goal of A/D converter design. Biological systems succeed admirably despite the slow and imprecise characteristics of individual neurons. In A/D converters of very high speed and precision, where electronic/photonic devices also appear slow and imprecise, neural architectures offer a path for advancing the performance frontier. In this work, we provide a new analysis framework and simulation results directed toward that goal. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ressler, EK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5073-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5200 BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1117/12.506123 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BY33J UT WOS:000188942200008 ER PT S AU Rizvi, SA Nasrabadi, NM AF Rizvi, SA Nasrabadi, NM BE Nasrabadi, NM Katsaggelos, AK TI Automatic target recognition of cluttered FLIR imagery using multistage feature extraction and feature repair SO APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN IMAGE PROCESSING VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Image Processing VII CY JAN 23-24, 2003 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE AB Automatic target recognition using forward-looking infrared imagery is a challenging problem because of the highly unpredictable nature of target thermal signatures. The high variability of target signatures, target obscuration, and clutter in the background results in distortion of target features, which are used by the target detection stage to identify a potential target. Consequently, the target detection stage produces a large number of false alarms. Distorted features h the potential targets also make accurate classification of targets difficult. The proposed technique, in essence attempts to repair the distorted features of(1) the targets to improve the target detection/classification accuracy. The proposed technique completes the feature extraction process in two steps: First, the feature vectors are extracted and classified either as complete or incomplete features using feed-forward neural networks. The incomplete features are then transformed into complete features. These features can then be used to identify/classify the targets. C1 CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rizvi, SA (reprint author), CUNY Coll Staten Isl, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4815-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5015 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1117/12.477414 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW66Y UT WOS:000182750600001 ER PT S AU Raglin, AJ Chouikha, M AF Raglin, AJ Chouikha, M BE Nasrabadi, NM Katsaggelos, AK TI Winner take all dynamics in an optoelectronic feedback circuit for image processing SO APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN IMAGE PROCESSING VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Image Processing VII CY JAN 23-24, 2003 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE winner take all neural network; optoelectronic feedback circuit; image processing AB Systems for processing high resolution images need to be fast, compact, and efficient. Image processing systems that incorporate optics into its architecture can provide the speed and potentially the compactness to meet the demands of analyzing images. In this paper a hybrid approach to image analysis using Winner Take All neural network dynamics with optical and electronic implementation is discussed. Resulting images from the system simulations are explored for use in object and background discrimination for image segmentation tasks. C1 US Army Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Raglin, AJ (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4815-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5015 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1117/12.477413 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BW66Y UT WOS:000182750600008 ER PT B AU Estes, AC Frangopol, DM Foltz, SD AF Estes, AC Frangopol, DM Foltz, SD BE DerKiureghian, A Madanat, S Pestana, JM TI Updating the reliability of engineering structures using visual inspection results SO APPLICATIONS OF STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering CY JUL 06-09, 2003 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP CERRA DE inspection; corrosion; fatigue; reliability analysis; updating; miter gates; locks and dam; highway bridges; condition states AB Society expects that the civil infrastructure is safe and will perform its intended purpose. Failure of critical structures such as bridges, dams, nuclear power plants, skyscrapers and offshore oil rigs carry tremendous costs in terms of monetary damage and loss of life. For many such structures systematic and periodic inspection programs to prevent failure and prioritize repairs have been implemented. These same structures are also the best candidates for a reliability analysis where uncertainties are quantified and decisions are made based on acceptable risk. This paper considers the extent to which the results of these periodic inspections can be used to update the reliability of a structure. Deterioration that can be easily observed such as corrosion on exposed steel is included as well as deterioration that is not easily observed such as corrosion of embedded steel or fatigue. Highway bridges and navigation locks are used as examples. The strengths and limitations of the approach are discussed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU MILLPRESS SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI ROTTERDAM PA PO BOX 84118, 3009 CC ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5966-004-8 PY 2003 BP 1087 EP 1092 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BY74S UT WOS:000189453300145 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG AF Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG TI Fluorigenic substrates for the protease activities of botulinum neurotoxins, serotypes A, B, and F SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; LIGHT-CHAIN; TETANUS; TOXIN; SPECIFICITY; PEPTIDE; ASSAYS AB The seven botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are zinc metalloproteases that cleave neuronal proteins involved in neurotransmitter release and are among the most toxic natural products known. High-throughput BoNT assays are needed for use in antibotulinum drug discovery and to characterize BoNT protease activities. Compared to other proteases, BoNTs exhibit unusually stringent substrate requirements with respect to amino acid sequences and polypeptide lengths.. Nonetheless, we have devised a strategy for development of fluorigenic BoNT protease assays, based on earlier structure-function studies, that has proven successful for three of the seven serotypes: A, B, and F. In synthetic peptide substrates, the P-1 and P-3' residues were substituted with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-lysine and S-(N-[4-methyl-7-dimethylamino-coumarin-3-yl]-carboxamidomethyl)-cysteine, respectively. By monitoring the BoNT-catalyzed increase in fluorescence over time, initial hydrolysis rates could be obtained in 1 to 2 min when BoNT concentrations were 60 ng/ml (about 1 nM) or higher. Each BoNT cleaved its fluorigenic substrate at the same location as in the neuronal target protein, and kinetic constants indicated that the substrates were selective and efficient. The fluorigenic assay for BoNT B was used to characterize a new competitive inhibitor of BoNT B protease activity with a K-i value of 4 muM. In addition to real-time activity measurements, toxin concentration determinations, and kinetic studies, the BoNT substrates described herein may be directly incorporated into automated high-throughput assay systems to screen large numbers of compounds for potential antibotulinum drugs. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 23 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 69 IS 1 BP 297 EP 303 DI 10.1128/AEM.69.1.297-303.2003 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 634EX UT WOS:000180328000039 PM 12514008 ER PT J AU Reece, JS Miller, MJ Arnold, MA Waterhouse, C Delaplaine, T Cohn, L Cannon, T AF Reece, JS Miller, MJ Arnold, MA Waterhouse, C Delaplaine, T Cohn, L Cannon, T TI Continuous oxygen monitoring of mammalian cell growth on space shuttle mission STS-93 with a novel radioluminescent oxygen sensor SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxygen sensors; optical sensors; ruthenium fluorescence quenching; radioluminescence; spaceflight monitoring; bioreactor monitoring ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE AB A compact, flow-through oxygen sensor device based on luminescence quenching was used to monitor dissolved oxygen levels during mammalian cell growth on the STS-93 mission of the Columbia space shuttle. Excitation of an oxygen-sensitive ruthenium complex was provided by a radioluminescent light source (0.9 mm in diameter, 2.5 mm long), and the intensity of the resulting luminescence was measured by a simple photodiode detector. The use of radioluminescence for the excitation light source is a unique approach that provides many features important for long-term and remote monitoring applications. For the spaceflight experiment, human lung fibroblast cells (WI-38) were grown in hollow-fiber bioreactors. Oxygen concentration was measured in the flow path both before and after the bioreactor cartridge in order to gain information about the metabolism of the cells. The sensor was found to be nonperturbing to cell growth and withstood the challenging physical conditions of shuttle launch and landing while maintaining a stable calibration function. In addition, the sensor provided physically meaningful oxygen predictions. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Arnold, MA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, 230 IATL, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 104 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1385/ABAB:104:1:1 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 623VC UT WOS:000179722700001 PM 12495201 ER PT J AU Sennett, M Welsh, E Wright, JB Li, WZ Wen, JG Ren, ZF AF Sennett, M Welsh, E Wright, JB Li, WZ Wen, JG Ren, ZF TI Dispersion and alignment of carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; POLYMER COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; LOAD-TRANSFER; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH; MATRIX; GROWTH AB Dispersion and alignment of carbon nanotubes in thermoplastic polymers such as polycarbonate have been studied. Dispersion was accomplished by mixing in a conical twin-screw extruder and alignment was carried out using a fiber-spinning apparatus. The effects of mixing time and fiber draw rates on dispersion and alignment were investigated. Uniform dispersions were produced with relatively short residence times in the extruder. Excellent alignment of carbon nanotubes in nanocomposite filaments was obtained when the fiber draw rate was greater than 70 m/min. The ability to closely control the dispersion and alignment of carbon nanotubes in polymers is expected to lead to the development of nanocomposites with desirable electronic and structural properties. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RP Sennett, M (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Michael.Sennett@natick.army.mil RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014; Li, Wenzhi/J-6797-2016 OI Li, Wenzhi/0000-0001-8442-2232 NR 17 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 76 IS 1 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1007/s00339-002-1449-x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 640RF UT WOS:000180701200021 ER PT J AU Ngo, ND Tamma, KK AF Ngo, ND Tamma, KK TI Computational developments for simulation based design: Multi-scale physics and flow/thermal/cure/stress modeling, analysis, and validation for advanced manufacturing of composites with complex microstructures SO ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Review ID TRANSFER MOLDING PROCESS; PREPLACED FIBER MATS; RESIDUAL-STRESS DEVELOPMENT; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; FIBROUS POROUS-MEDIA; PERMEABILITY CHARACTERIZATION; PROCESS MODELING/ANALYSIS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; FILLING SIMULATIONS AB In the process modeling and manufacturing of large geometrically complex lightweight structural components comprising of fiber-reinforced composite materials with complex microstructures by Resin Transfer Nlolding (RYM), a polymer resin is injected into a mold cavity filled with porous fibrous preforms. The overall success of the manufacturing process depends on the complete impregnation of the fiber preform by the polymer resin, prevention of polymer gelation during filling, and subsequent avoidance of dry spots. Since the RUM process involves the injection of a cold resin into a heated mold, the associated multi-physics encompasses a moving boundary value problem in conjunction with the multi-disciplinary and multi-scale study of flow/thermal/cure and the subsequent prediction of residual stresses inside the mold cavity. Although experimental validations are indispensable, routine manufacture of large complex structural geometries can only be enhanced via computational simulations; thus, eliminating costly trial runs and helping designers in he set-up of the manufacturing process. This manuscript describes an in-depth study of the mathematical and computational developments towards formulating an effective simulation-based design methodology using the finite element method. The present methodology is well suited for applications to practical engineering structural components encountered in the manufacture of complex RTM type lightweight composites, and encompasses both thick and thin shell-type composites with the following distinguishing features: (i) an implicit pure finite element computational methodology to track the fluid flow fronts with illustrations first to isothermal situations to overcome the deficiencies of traditional explicit type methods while permitting standard mesh generators to be employed in a straightforward manner; (ii) a methodology for predicting the effective constitutive model thermophysical properties, namely, the permeability tensor of the fiber preform microstructures in both virgin and manufactured states, the conductivity tensor, and the elasticity tensor; (iii) extension of the implicit pure finite element methodology to non-isothermal situations with and without influence of thermal dispersion to accurately capture the physics of the RTM process; (iv) stabilizing features to reduce oscillatory solution behavior typically encountered in the numerical analysis of these classes of problems; and (v) as a first step, preliminary investigations towards the prediction of residual stresses induced in the manufacturing process during post-cure cool-down. The underlying theory and formulations detailing the relevant volume averaging and homogenization techniques are first outlined for the multi-scale problem. Then the implicit pure finite element methodology, followed by the models for permeability prediction, is presented and compared for the case of isothermal mold filling. Applications of the pure finite element method is next extended to non-isothermal situations to accurately capture the flow/thermal/cure effects and the physics of the RTM process. Subsequently, a preliminary attempt is made to integrate the developments with the problem of thermoelasticity for residual stress prediction during post-cure cool-down. Where applicable, extensive validations of numerical results are made with analytical solutions and/or available experimental data. From these comparisons, relevant conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the present developments and their subsequent application to large-scale practical analysis of fiber-reinforced composite structures. Finally, some future directions relevant to the present study encompassing the multi-physics and multi-scale aspects of fibrous preforms with complex microstructures for use in lightweight composites are outlined. C1 United Def LP, Armament Syst Div, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Ngo, ND (reprint author), United Def LP, Armament Syst Div, 4800 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. NR 136 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 36 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING (CIMNE) PI BARCELONA PA EDIFICIO C-1, CAMPUS NORTE UPC GRAN CAPITAN S/N, 08030 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 1134-3060 J9 ARCH COMPUT METHOD E JI Arch. Comput. Method Eng. PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 206 DI 10.1007/BF02736208 PG 204 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics GA 687LA UT WOS:000183377100001 ER PT J AU Tsokos, G Fleming, S AF Tsokos, G Fleming, S TI Natural antibodies and antiphospholipid antibodies bind to injured tissues, activate complement and cause tissue damage SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd World Congress of the Global-Arthritis-Research-Network (GARN) CY SEP 14-17, 2003 CL Miyakazi, JAPAN C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cell Injury, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2003 VL 5 SU 3 MA 101 BP S32 EP S32 DI 10.1186/ar902 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 801SX UT WOS:000220116700103 ER PT S AU Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM BE Sadjadi, FA TI Dual window-based anomaly detection for hyperspectral imagery SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XIII CY APR 22-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE automatic target recognition; anomaly detection; eigen separation transform; principal component analysis; dual window; hyperspectral images ID DETECTION ALGORITHMS; CLASSIFICATION AB We propose adaptive anomaly detectors that find materials whose spectral characteristics are substantially different from those of the neighboring materials. The target spectral vectors are assumed to have different statistical characteristics from the background vectors. In order to detect anomalies we use a dual rectangular window that separates the local area into two regions- the inner window region (IWR) and outer window region (OWR). The statistical spectral differences between the IWR and OWR is exploited by generating subspace projection vectors onto which the IWR and OWR vectors are projected. Anomalies are detected if the projection separation between the IWR and OWR vectors is greater than a predefined threshold. Four different methods are used to produce the subspace projection vectors. The four proposed anomaly detectors have been applied to HYDICE (HY perspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment) images and the detection performance for each method has been evaluated. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4954-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5094 BP 148 EP 158 DI 10.1117/12.486056 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX61X UT WOS:000185894100015 ER PT S AU Rosario, DS Nasrabadi, N AF Rosario, DS Nasrabadi, N BE Sadjadi, FA TI Higher order zero crossings for HSI ATD SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XIII CY APR 22-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE modulation models; zero crossings; hyperspectral; target detection ID TARGET DETECTION; IMAGERY AB In the last ten years, many approaches have been proposed to address automatic target detection (ATD) in hyperspectral sensor imagery (HSI). Conspicuously missing from that list is a relatively unknown approach to time series analysis, called higher order zero-crossings (HOC). In this paper, we investigate HOC sequences and their application to target detection in HSI. HOC sequences are based on a surprisingly fruitful connection between bank filtering and signal zero-crossings. They are generated from the application of a bank of filters to a finite signal or time series having zero mean. The application of each filter from the bank changes the signal oscillation pattern and alters the zero-crossing count. Accordingly, the application of each member filter gives rise to a zero-crossing count. We consider the oscillation pattern changes, or variations thereof, as a function of frequency modulation (FM) that may be intrinsic to hyperspectral signatures and that apparently has never been exploited in the target community. Investigating FM functions in signatures triggered a natural behavior to investigate the existence of intrinsic AM (amplitude modulation) as well. Preliminary results indicate that intrinsic AM-FM characteristics of objects' hyperspectral signatures may be useful for target detection. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20703 USA. RP Rosario, DS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20703 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4954-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5094 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1117/12.486333 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX61X UT WOS:000185894100017 ER PT S AU Young, SS Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Young, SS Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM BE Sadjadi, FA TI Adaptive target detection in FLIR imagery using the eigenspace separation transform and principal component analysis SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XIII CY APR 22-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE target detection; eigenvector analysis; eigenspace separation transform; principal component analysis; FLIR imagery; statistical hypotheses testing AB In this paper, an adaptive target detection algorithm for FLIR imagery is proposed that is based on measuring differences between structural information within a target and its surrounding background. At each pixel in the image a dual window is opened where the inner window (inner image vector) represents a possible target signature and the outer window (consisting of a number of outer image vectors) represents the surrounding scene. These image vectors are preprocessed by two directional highpass filters to obtain the corresponding image edge vectors. The target detection problem is formulated as a statistical hypotheses testing problem by mapping these image edge vectors into two transformations, P-1 and P-2, via Eigenspace Separation Transform (EST) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The first transformation P-1 is a function of the inner image edge vector. The second transformation P-2 is a function of both the inner and outer image edge vectors. For the hypothesis H-1 (target): the difference of the two functions is small. For the hypothesis H-0 (clutter): the difference of the two functions is large. Results of testing the proposed target detection algorithm on two large FLIR image databases are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Young, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4954-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5094 BP 242 EP 253 DI 10.1117/12.487625 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BX61X UT WOS:000185894100024 ER PT B AU Johnson, DJ Roselli, P AF Johnson, DJ Roselli, P GP IEEE IEEE TI Using XML as a flexible, portable test script language SO AUTOTESTCON 2003, PROCEEDINGS: FUTURE SUSTAINMENT FOR MILITARY AND AEROSPACE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AUTOTESTCON 2003 Conference CY SEP 22-25, 2003 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Los Angeles Council, IEEE Orange Country Sect AB This paper describes the objectives, rationale, implementation and benefits of using Extensible Markup Language (XML) as a test script language in support of a variety of U.S. Army weapon systems. XML provides the ability to implement a simple, flexible, controllable and portable test script language. The use of third party XML parsing and development tools results in decreased test script development times, increased productivity and increased potential for test script reusability and portability. C1 USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Johnson, DJ (reprint author), USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7837-7 PY 2003 BP 187 EP 192 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Computer Science GA BX81D UT WOS:000186501400030 ER PT S AU Coleman, NP Graves, K Miller, D AF Coleman, NP Graves, K Miller, D BE Suresh, R TI Combat decision aid technology for network centric operations SO BATTLESPACE DIGITIZATION AND NETWORK-CENTRIC SYSTEMS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Battlespace Digitization and Network-Centric Systems III CY APR 23-25, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE decision aids; network centric fires; network centric operations; common relevant operating picture (CROP); fires and effects control; architecture; Future Combat System AB A prototype combat decision aid software suite (CDAS) is described which provides the mounted/dismounted warfighter/commander with a fully integrated and scalable decision support capability to support network centric fires and effects based operations. CDAS is based on an open architecture, software back plane concept which maximizes flexibility in tailoring CDAS functionality to meet the requirements of any sensor, shooter or command and control node within an FCS unit of action. The architecture and back plane methodology will be described in section 2 followed by a description of major application component plug-ins in section 3. CDAS has been extensively tested in a number of battle lab Concept Evaluation Program (CEP) Experiments and successfully configured to support a number of technology insertion experiments. These results will be summarized in section 4. C1 USA, Armament R&D Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Coleman, NP (reprint author), USA, Armament R&D Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4961-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5101 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1117/12.501927 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BX38K UT WOS:000185092300014 ER PT S AU Dawidowicz, E Meystel, A AF Dawidowicz, E Meystel, A BE Suresh, R TI Sensor planning: Perception of intelligent nodes and network centric warfare SO BATTLESPACE DIGITIZATION AND NETWORK-CENTRIC SYSTEMS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Battlespace Digitization and Network-Centric Systems III CY APR 23-25, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE intelligent nodes; network centric warfare; multi-resolutional representation; multi-resolutional decision making; C41SR; objective force; interpretability; UAV; UGV; FCS AB The sensory planning in terms of deployment, asset allocation and sensory interpretation remains a difficult set of problems. The critical areas, where sensors serve as replacement for human observers, require continuous coverage. Their placement. management, and information processing requires careful planning. The need for effective intelligent systems to addressing these problems is apparent. Such systems require Multi-Resolutional Decision Making to be effective. This paper will discuss the technology that brings pragmatic solutions under an umbrella of Intelligent Nodes concept. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Dawidowicz, E (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, C2D, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4961-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5101 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1117/12.497363 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BX38K UT WOS:000185092300015 ER PT S AU Torres, MA Vidal, E AF Torres, MA Vidal, E BE Suresh, R TI Dissemination of weather intelligence information and met sensor data acquisition using Jini/JavaSpaces technologies SO BATTLESPACE DIGITIZATION AND NETWORK-CENTRIC SYSTEMS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Battlespace Digitization and Network-Centric Systems III CY APR 23-25, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE weather intelligence; tuplespaces; distributed computing; Jini; JavaSpaces; data acquisition AB Digitization of the battlespace for current and future combat systems cannot be complete without effective weather intelligence products and decision aids. The Army faces an important challenge in the simultaneous collection and dissemination of vast amounts of raw and processed meteorological data. Data can originate from various types of sensors, sources, and computing models. Also, data collections can be sporadic and their publication can materialize in an assortment of formats and through dissimilar channels. To resolve many of these challenges, we have investigated a tuplespaces solution that provides loose-coupling of sensors, systems, and weather forecasting models in a networked environment. Of interest are the results of experiments that employ the Jini/JavaSpaces implementation to resolve the problems of data acquisition and dissemination. This paper will present our space-based design to loosely-couple several weather sensors and simultaneously acquire their data at high output rates. Our results show that tuplespaces implementations simplify acquisition and distribution of weather intelligence information. Other experimental results will demonstrate that tuplespaces architecture can also be employed by other network centric systems that involve information dissemination, decision aids, and collaboration/computing environments. C1 Army Res Lab, BED, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Torres, MA (reprint author), Army Res Lab, BED, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4961-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5101 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1117/12.487279 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BX38K UT WOS:000185092300028 ER PT S AU Bonacuse, P Kalluri, S AF Bonacuse, P Kalluri, S BE Carpinteri, A DeFreitas, M Spagnoli, A TI Sequenced axial and torsional cumulative fatigue: Low amplitude followed by high amplitude loading SO BIAXIAL/MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE AND FRACTURE SE ESIS (EUROPEAN STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY SOCIETY) PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Biaxial/Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture CY JUN 25-28, 2001 CL LISBON, PORTUGAL SP Inst Super Tecnico, Portuguese Minist Ciencia Tecnol, European Struct Integr Soc DE multiaxial; cumulative fatigue; axial loading; torsional loading; tubular specimens ID DAMAGE; BEHAVIOR AB The experiments described herein were performed to determine whether damage imposed by axial loading interacts with damage imposed by torsional loading. This paper is a follow on to a study [1] that investigated effects of load-type sequencing on the cumulative fatigue behavior of a cobalt base superalloy, Haynes 188, at 538degreesC. Both the current and the previous study were used to test the applicability of cumulative fatigue damage models to conditions where damage is imposed by different loading modes. In the previous study, axial and torsional two load level cumulative fatigue experiments were conducted, in varied combinations, with the low-cycle fatigue (high amplitude loading) applied first. In present study, the low amplitude fatigue loading was applied initially. As in the previous study, four sequences (axial/axial, torsion/torsion, axial/torsion, and torsion/axial) of two load level cumulative fatigue experiments were performed. The amount of fatigue damage contributed by each of the imposed loads was estimated by both the Palmgren-Miner linear damage rule (LDR) and the non-linear, damage curve approach (DCA). Life predictions for the various cumulative loading combinations are compared with experimental results. Unlike the previous study where the DCA proved markedly superior, no clear advantage can be discerned for either of the cumulative fatigue damage models for the loading sequences performed. In addition, the cyclic deformation behavior under the various combinations of loading is presented. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Brookpark, OH 44142 USA. RP Bonacuse, P (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Brookpark, OH 44142 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-1369 BN 0-08-044129-7 J9 ESIS PUBL PY 2003 VL 31 BP 165 EP 182 PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW86S UT WOS:000183431300009 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Shriver, CD Ellsworth, RE Deyarmin, B Somiari, RI AF Ellsworth, DL Shriver, CD Ellsworth, RE Deyarmin, B Somiari, RI TI Laser capture microdissection of paraffin-embedded tissues SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; HETEROGENEITY C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ellsworth, DL (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. NR 10 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JAN PY 2003 VL 34 IS 1 BP 42 EP + PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 634QF UT WOS:000180351300005 PM 12545536 ER PT S AU Fletcher, T Chandan, C Masad, E Sivakumar, K AF Fletcher, T Chandan, C Masad, E Sivakumar, K GP TRB TRB TI Aggregate imaging system for characterizing the shape of fine and coarse aggregates SO BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES 2003: MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION SE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 82nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation-Research-Board CY JAN 12-16, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Transportat Res Board, US Dept Transportat, Bur Transportat Stat, Fed Aviat Adm, Fed Highway Adm, Fed Motor Carrier Safety Adm, Fed Railroad Adm, Fed Transit Adm, Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm, Res & Special Programs Adm, NASA, USA Corps Engineers, US Coast Guard, US DOE, US EPA AB A unified computer-automated system was designed and developed for characterizing the shape of fine and coarse aggregates. The unique features of the system and the experimental design considerations are described. These considerations are related to the required image resolution, field of view, and lighting scheme. The unique features of the system include the ability to analyze fine and coarse aggregates and to quantify texture, angularity, and the three dimensions of form. The developed system is used to measure aggregate shape properties for a wide range of fine and coarse aggregates, and the results are compared with hot-mix asphalt laboratory performance. The analysis shows that the developed procedure yields detailed information on shape properties of aggregates in a short time. The measurements have very good correlation with the resistance of asphalt mixes to permanent deformation measured in the laboratory using different wheel-tracking devices. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Fletcher, T (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 201 N 3rd Ave, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0361-1981 BN 0-309-08566-7 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC PY 2003 IS 1832 BP 67 EP 77 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Transportation GA BY21M UT WOS:000188279400009 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Peterson, BL Morrison, VA Park, K Jacobson, R Hoke, E Vardiman, JW Rai, K Schiffer, CA Larson, RA AF Byrd, JC Peterson, BL Morrison, VA Park, K Jacobson, R Hoke, E Vardiman, JW Rai, K Schiffer, CA Larson, RA TI Randomized phase 2 study of fludarabine with concurrent versus sequential treatment with rituximab in symptomatic, untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9712 (CALGB 9712) SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; V-H GENES; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; IN-VIVO; CHOP CHEMOTHERAPY; PROGNOSTIC FACTOR; CYTOKINE-RELEASE; CD38 EXPRESSION; TUMOR LYSIS AB Recent studies have suggested that rituximab has clinical activity and modulates antiapoptotic proteins associated with drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We performed a randomized phase 2 study to determine the efficacy, safety, and optimal administration schedule of rituximab with fludarabine In previously untreated CLL patients. Patients were randomized to receive either 6 monthly courses of fludarabine concurrently with rituximab followed 2 months later by 4 weekly doses of rituximab for consolidation therapy or sequential fludarabine alone followed 2 months later by rituximab consolidation therapy. A total of 104 patients were randomized to the concurrent (n = 51) and sequential (n = 53) regimens. During the induction portion of treatment, patients receiving the concurrent regimen experienced more grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (74% versus 41%) and grade 3 or 4 infusion-related toxicity (20% versus 0%) as compared with the sequential arm. The consolidation rituximab therapy was tolerated well in both arms. All other toxicities were similar in the 2 arms. The overall response rate with the concurrent regimen was 90% (47% complete response [CR], 43% partial response [PR]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-0.98) compared with 77% (28% CR, 49% PR; 95% Cl, 0.66-0.99) with the sequential regimen. With a median follow-up time of 23 months, the median response duration and survival have not been reached for either regimen. Rituximab administered concurrently with fludarabine in previously untreated CLL patients demonstrates marked clinical efficacy and acceptable toxicity. Phase 3 studies using this combination approach for patients with CLL are warranted. C1 Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Long Isl Jewish Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, New Hyde Pk, NY 11042 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Good Samaritan Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, W Palm Beach, FL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Sect, Minneapolis, MN USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Minneapolis, MN USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Starling Loving Hall,Rm 302, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. OI Larson, Richard/0000-0001-9168-3203 NR 67 TC 386 Z9 399 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JAN 1 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 1 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1258 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 630ZT UT WOS:000180142500002 PM 12393429 ER PT J AU Arciero, CA Weiss, R Jorgenson, C AF Arciero, CA Weiss, R Jorgenson, C TI Risk reduction clinic: the clinical breast care project experience SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 03-06, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 2003 VL 82 SU 1 MA 127 BP S26 EP S27 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 747AN UT WOS:000186783100079 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Lubert, SM Mittal, V Somiari, RI Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Lubert, SM Mittal, V Somiari, RI Shriver, CD TI Genomic patterns of loss of heterozygosity in disease free stroma adjacent to primary breast carcinomas: potential clues to cancer development and metastasis. SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 03-06, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. Invitrogen Life Sci Software, Frederick, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 2003 VL 82 SU 1 MA 562 BP S137 EP S137 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 747AN UT WOS:000186783100437 ER EF