FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Yeo, FE Villines, TC Bucci, JR Taylor, AJ Abbott, KC AF Yeo, FE Villines, TC Bucci, JR Taylor, AJ Abbott, KC TI Cardiovascular risk in stage 4 and 5 nephropathy SO ADVANCES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE LA English DT Review DE heart disease; ischemic heart disease; coronary heart disease; heart failure; chronic kidney disease; risk; screening; contrast nephropathy; therapy ID RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; CHRONIC DIALYSIS PATIENTS; LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; KIDNEY-PANCREAS TRANSPLANTATION; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL AB Severity of heart disease of almost all types, as well as mortality risk associated with heart disease, increases in step with severity of kidney disease, although not necessarily in a linear fashion. Heart failure is more common and just as lethal as ischemic heart disease in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD). The incidence of nonfatal heart disease in dialysis and transplant populations has now been described in detail. Although standard risk factors for heart disease that are more common among patients with CKD than in the general population do not adequately explain the greatly increased risk of heart disease in patients with severe CKD, neither do as yet identified "nontraditional" risk factors. However, in addition to the factors not common in the general population, such as anemia, hyperphosphatemia, and markers of systemic inflammation, patients with CKD in the modern era may also exhibit excessive thrombotic tendencies. Screening for heart disease in this population relies mainly on dobutamine stress echocardiography or nuclear scintigraphy. The role of electron beam CT (EBCT) scanning is currently controversial. The indications for coronary angiography are the same for patients with CKD as for the general population, but patients with CKD are at greatly increased risk for contrast-associated nephropathy, the least controversial preventive therapy, which consists of isotonic saline and N-acetylcysteine. Finally, patients with CKD do not currently receive adequate medical therapy for prevention and treatment of heart disease. This is a US government work. With the exception of any borrowed figures or tables, there are no restrictions on its use. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Villines, Todd/0000-0003-2674-3702; Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 141 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1548-5595 J9 ADV CHRONIC KIDNEY D JI Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 BP 116 EP 133 DI 10.1053/j.arrt.2004.01.010 PG 18 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 863NU UT WOS:000224569500003 PM 15216484 ER PT J AU Wain, HJ AF Wain, HJ TI Reflections on hypnotizability and its impact on successful surgical hypnosis: A sole anesthetic for septoplasty SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS LA English DT Article DE hypnoanesthesia; hypnosedation; hypnosis; surgery ID SURGERY; SUGGESTIONS; CARE AB While hypnosis has been a significant medical tool through the ages, its use has been, at best, capricious. After the development and widespread use of ether, hypnosis has been mostly relegated to the role of an adjunct to chemical anesthesia. The present paper describes a case where hypnosis was used as the sole anesthetic for a septoplasty. The chronology of the surgery, hypnotic suggestion and strategies used as well as the clinician's responses are described. The paper highlights relevant clinical issues such as the hypnotic capacity of the patient, associated hypnotic phenomena, enhancing trance, and maximizing the hypnotic capacity by "meeting them where they are". C1 Walter Reed Army Med Hosp, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wain, HJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Hosp, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM harold.wain@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL HYPNOSIS PI BLOOMINGDALE PA 140 N BLOOMINGDALE RD, BLOOMINGDALE, IL 60108-1017 USA SN 0002-9157 J9 AM J CLIN HYPN JI Am. J. Clin. Hypn. PD APR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 4 BP 313 EP 321 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 965ZT UT WOS:000231990100004 PM 15190732 ER PT J AU Wong, CRKH AF Wong, CRKH TI Pneumatic dilation for achalasia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, CRKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 2,7F,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 99 IS 4 BP 578 EP 580 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04117.x PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 816KF UT WOS:000221108100002 ER PT J AU Scoville, SL Gardner, JW Potter, RN AF Scoville, SL Gardner, JW Potter, RN TI Traumatic deaths during US armed forces basic training, 1977-2001 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BETA-AGONISTS; MILITARY; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; RECRUITS AB Background: A Recruit Mortality Registry, linked to the Department of Defense Medical Mortality Registry, was created to provide comprehensive medical surveillance data for deaths occurring during enlisted basic military training. Methods: Recruit deaths from 1977 through 2001 were identified and confirmed through redundant Sources. Complete demographic, circumstantial, and medical information was sought for each case and recorded on an abstraction form. Mortality rates per 100,000 recruit-years were calculated by rising recruit accession data from the Defense Manpower Data Center. Results: There were 276 recruit deaths from 1977 through 2001 and age-specific recruit mortality rates were less than half of same-age U.S. civilian mortality rates. Only 28% (77 of 276) of, recruit deaths were classified as traumatic (suicide, unintentional injury and homicide), in comparison to three quarters in both the overall active duty military population and the U.S. civilian Population (ages 15-34 years). The age-adjusted traumatic death rates were highest in the Arm), (four times higher than the Navy and Air Force, and 80% higher than the Marine Corps). The majority (60%) of traumatic deaths was due to suicide, followed by unintentional injuries (35%), and homicide (5%). The overall age-adjusted traumatic mortality rate was more than triple for men compared with women in all military services (rate ratio=3.9; p=0.01). Conclusions: There was a lower proportion of traumatic deaths in recruits compared to the overall active duty military population and same-age U.S. civilian population. This finding could be attributed to close supervision, emphasis on safety, and lack of access to alcohol and motor vehicles during recruit training. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Mortal Surveillance, Rockville, MD USA. RP Scoville, SL (reprint author), USACHPPM, WRAIR, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A31, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Stephanie.Scoville@na.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 26 IS 3 BP 194 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2003.11.001 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 804SU UT WOS:000220319200002 PM 15026098 ER PT J AU Scoville, SL Gardner, JW Magill, AJ Potter, RN Kark, JA AF Scoville, SL Gardner, JW Magill, AJ Potter, RN Kark, JA TI Nontraumatic deaths during US armed forces basic training, 1977-2001 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; SICKLE-CELL TRAIT; WATER-INTOXICATION; TRAINEES; EPIDEMIC; RECRUITS; MILITARY; OUTBREAK; VACCINES AB Background: A Recruit Mortality Registry, linked to the Department of Defense Medical Mortality Registry, was created to provide comprehensive medical surveillance data for deaths occurring during enlisted basic military training. Methods: Recruit deaths from 1977 through 2001 were identified and confirmed through redundant sources. Complete demographic, circumstantial, and medical information was sought for each case and recorded on an abstraction form. Mortality rates per 100,000 recruit-years were calculated by rising recruit accession data from the Defense Manpower Data Center. Results: There were 276 recruit deaths from 1977 through 2001 and age-specific recruit mortality rates were less than half of same-age U.S. civilian mortality rates. The majority (72%) of recruit deaths were classified as nontraumatic and 70% of these deaths (09 of 199) were related to exercise. Of the exercise-related deaths, 59 (42%) were cardiac deaths, and heat stress was a primary or contributory cause in at least 46 (33%). Infections agents accounted for only 49 (25%) Of the nontraumatic deaths. Nontraumatic death rates increased with age (rate ratio is 2.5 for 25+ v <25 years; p<0.001). The age- and gender-adjusted nontraumatic death rates were 2.6 times higher for African American than non-African American recruits (p<0.001). Conclusions: Although recruit mortality rates are lower than the same-age U.S. civilian population, preventive measures focused on reducing heat stress during exercise might be effective in decreasing the high proportion of exercise-related death. The availability of 25 years of comprehensive recruit mortality data will permit the ongoing evaluation of cause-of-death trends, effectiveness of preventive measures, and identification of emerging threats during basic military training. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Mortal Surveillance, Rockville, MD USA. Howard Univ Hosp, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Scoville, SL (reprint author), USACHPPM, WRAIR, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A31, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Stephanie.Scoville@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 26 IS 3 BP 205 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2003.12.003 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 804SU UT WOS:000220319200003 PM 15026099 ER PT J AU Beaman, FD Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Kransdorf, MJ Murphey, MD Menke, DM AF Beaman, FD Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Kransdorf, MJ Murphey, MD Menke, DM TI Imaging characteristics of cherubism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 103rd Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY MAY, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc ID GENE; FEATURES; MAPS AB Objective. We sought to describe the radiographic and imaging features of cherubism. Conclusion. Cherubism is a rare osseous disorder of children and adolescents. Although the radiologic characteristics of cherubism are not pathognomonic, the diagnosis is strongly suggested by bilateral relatively symmetric jaw involvement that is limited to the maxilla and mandible. Imaging typically shows expansile remodeling of the involved bones, thinning of the cortexes, and multilocular radiolucencies with a coarse trabecular pattern. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Pathol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Kransdorf, MJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 182 IS 4 BP 1051 EP 1054 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 805RG UT WOS:000220382800044 PM 15039186 ER PT J AU Hart, RA Grier, JW AF Hart, RA Grier, JW TI Simulation models of harvested and zebra mussel colonized threeridge mussel populations in the upper Mississippi River SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; WESTERN LAKE ERIE; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; VIABILITY ANALYSIS; UNIONID BIVALVES; SURVIVAL; CONSERVATION; INFESTATION; MANAGEMENT; IMPACT AB We simulated populations of threeridge mussels (Amblema plicata, Say, 1817) using empirically derived survival rates. Survival rates were derived from a mark-recapture study of mussels conducted in the Mississippi and Otter Tail rivers, Minnesota. The software package VORTEX was used to develop a base line population model which changed little or not at all through time. Models based on the initial base line data were constructed to simulate behaviors of A. plicata populations under various levels of mortality attributed to zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha, Pallas 1771) colonizations. Models were also developed that simulated varying levels of commercial harvesting of A. plicata. Sensitivity analysis revealed that A. plicata populations are most sensitive to alterations in adult survival. Adult survival is the life history stage most often impacted by both D. polymorpha colonizations and commercial harvesting. Population models simulating D. polymorpha mediated mortality revealed that population extinction was likely to occur within 50 y if survival rates remain at the levels recently measured. Models that simulated a commercial harvest of only 5% of the adult A. plicata population predicted that populations will decline by almost 50% in only 40 y. Our recommendation is that a concerted effort should be made to estimate the population size of potentially harvested populations of freshwater mussels. These estimates would allow for a more accurate estimate of what percentage of the adult mussels are actually being harvested. The population estimates would also allow for setting of quotas or limiting the number of permits for harvesters in the face of increased D. polymorpha infestations, thereby ensuring that harvested populations of mussels are not being over exploited. These modeling efforts will be useful for resource managers attempting to establish a sustainable harvest of commercially valuable mussel species which may be competing with a nonindigenous species. C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hart, RA (reprint author), Galveston Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 4700 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 10 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD APR PY 2004 VL 151 IS 2 BP 301 EP 317 DI 10.1674/0003-0031(2004)151[0301:SMOHAZ]2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 811RM UT WOS:000220789000010 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Medeiros, R Dereska, P Hawkins, ML AF Adams, BD Medeiros, R Dereska, P Hawkins, ML TI Geriatric all-terrain vehicle trauma SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Assembly of the Southern-Medical-Association CY NOV 13-16, 2002 CL Washington, DC SP South Med Assoc ID INJURIES; CHILDREN; DEATHS; POPULATION; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES; FAILURE AB More than 300 all-terrain vehicle (ATV) trauma deaths occur annually. Most experience to date focuses on the pediatric trauma. However, senior citizens constitute the fastest growing segment of ATV enthusiasts. We queried our trauma registry from January 1988 to December 2002 and found 200 total ATV accidents. There were 8 patients over age 60. We compared geriatric and nongeriatric riders for presentation and outcome data. The anatomic distribution of injury was similar. Younger patients were more likely to have used ethanol or drugs. Tachypnea and hypotension were generally absent at presentation. The geriatric patients had worse predictive physiologic scores. Clinical outcomes for the geriatric group trended toward longer hospital stays, and they had significantly worse functional outcomes. The geriatric group nonsignificantly trended toward a higher mortality (12.5% vs 3.45%). Our study reflects the recent national trend toward a dramatic rise in geriatric ATV-related trauma. We recommend that geriatric ATV safety programs be instituted. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD APR PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 811CK UT WOS:000220749800013 PM 15098787 ER PT J AU Jiang, J Stern, J Chen, HJ Solomon, NP AF Jiang, J Stern, J Chen, HJ Solomon, NP TI Vocal efficiency measurements in subjects with vocal polyps and nodules: A preliminary report SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nodule; polyp; vocal efficiency ID SUB-GLOTTAL PRESSURE; INTRAORAL PRESSURE; AIR PRESSURES; PHONATION; VOICE; TRANSDUCER; SPEECH; FLOW AB Vocal efficiency is a quantitative measure of the ability of the larynx to convert subglottal power to acoustic power. On the basis of the scant previous literature and clinical intuition, we tested the hypothesis that vocal efficiency, as an indicator of the functional status of the larynx. is abnormally reduced in persons with vocal nodules and polyps. Because the most difficult aspect of obtaining measures of vocal efficiency has been the determination of subglottal pressure, we applied a noninvasive airflow interruption technique for this purpose. Subjects with normal voices (n = 22), vocal polyps (n = 14), and vocal nodules (n = 16) phonated at different intensities into a mask connected by way of piping to a flow meter, a pressure transducer, and an acoustic microphone. Inflation of a balloon-type valve located within the piping provided interruption of phonation. The intraoral pressure plateau occurring during flow interruption was used to estimate subglottal pressure. Subglottal power and acoustic power were determined, and their quotient provided a measure of vocal efficiency. The vocal efficiency in the normal subjects averaged 1.15 x 10(-5) at 70 dB, 3.17 x 10(-5) at 75 dB. 7.52 x 10(-5) at 80 dB, and 1.41 x 10(-4) at 85 dB. The vocal efficiency in the patients with vocal polyps averaged 3.62 x 10(-6) at 70 dB. 8.34 x 10(-6) at 75 dB. 2.10 x 10(-5) at 80 dB, and 4.26 x 10(-5) at 85 dB. The vocal efficiency in the patients with vocal nodules averaged 4.32 x 10(-6) at 70 dB, 1.57 x 10(-5) at 75 dB, 4.26 x 10(-5) at 80 dB, and 8.34 x 10(-5) at 85 dB. As compared to the normal subjects, the patients with laryngeal polyps or vocal nodules had significantly reduced vocal efficiency. These results provide quantitative verification of the clinical impression of inefficient phonation in patients with mass lesions of the vocal folds. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Fudan Univ, Sch Med, EENT Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 5745 Med Sci Ctr,1300 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R01DC05522-02] NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 113 IS 4 BP 277 EP 282 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 811FK UT WOS:000220757600004 PM 15112969 ER PT J AU Cable, BB Manaligod, JM Bauman, NM Smith, RJH AF Cable, BB Manaligod, JM Bauman, NM Smith, RJH TI Pediatric airway reconstruction: Principles, decision-making, and outcomes at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cricotracheal resection; laryngotracheal reconstruction; subglottic stenosis ID SUBGLOTTIC STENOSIS; LARYNGOTRACHEAL RECONSTRUCTION; CRICOTRACHEAL RESECTION; CHILDREN; EXPERIENCE AB Pediatric airway stenosis challenges the treating surgeon, front the initial evaluation and decision-making process to the final postoperative care and follow-up setting. As our approach to these cases evolves, we must critically evaluate our outcomes in reference to our stated goals. We describe our process in treating this population and critically examine our outcome data from 1990 to the present. Emphasis is placed on selection of procedure and postoperative management. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Otolaryngol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Smith, RJH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. OI bauman, nancy/0000-0002-9010-8511 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 113 IS 4 BP 289 EP 293 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 811FK UT WOS:000220757600006 PM 15112971 ER PT J AU Paragas, J Whitehouse, CA Endy, TP Bray, M AF Paragas, J Whitehouse, CA Endy, TP Bray, M TI A simple assay for determining antiviral activity against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antiviral; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; ribavirin; high-throughput screening; bunyavirus; tick-borne disease ID M-RNA SEGMENT; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; ORAL RIBAVIRIN; INFECTIONS; RIBAMIDINE; EFFICACY; CHINA AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus that is emerging as a significant human pathogen in many regions of the world, including Africa, Asia, and Europe. In this report, we describe a simple screening method for discovering new antiviral compounds directed against CCHFV. Antiviral activity was determined by assaying infected SW-13 cells (human adrenal gland carcinoma) for protection from cytopathic effect (CPE). By using an in vitro neutral red uptake assay, we were able to quantitatively measure CPE induced by CCHFV As a proof of concept, we used this method to evaluate the antiviral activity of ribavirin and a series of structural analogs (ribamidine, 6-azauridine, selenazofurin, and tiazofurin) against four geographically diverse strains of CCHFV. Ribavirin inhibited the replication of CCHFV as reported previously using plaque reduction assays. One drug, ribamidine, showed antiviral activity that was 4.5-to 8-fold less than that of ribavirin, and the other three drugs (6-azauridine, selenazofurin, and tiazofurin) did not show significant antiviral activity. There were no significant differences in drug sensitivities among the CCHFV strains. Development of this simple and reliable assay will potentially allow high-throughput screening for discovering additional antiviral drugs to combat this important public health threat. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Paragas, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Jason.Paragas@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2003.11.006 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 807HP UT WOS:000220492900003 PM 15026198 ER PT J AU Lado, BH Bomser, JA Dunne, CP Yousef, AE AF Lado, BH Bomser, JA Dunne, CP Yousef, AE TI Pulsed electric field alters molecular chaperone expression and sensitizes Listeria monocytogenes to heat SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHOCK PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IN-VIVO; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; GROEL HSP60; CELL-WALL; DNAK; STRESS; ELECTROPORATION AB Pulsed electric field (PEF)-resistant and PEF-sensitive Listeria monocytogenes strains were sublethally treated with electric pulses at 15 kV/cm for 29 mus and held at 25degreesC for 5 to 30 min prior to protein extraction. The levels of the molecular chaperones GroEL, GroES, and DnaJ were determined by immunoblotting. After 10 to 20 min after sublethal PEF treatment, a transient decrease in molecular chaperone expression was observed in the PEF-sensitive strain (Scott A). The levels of GroEL and DnaJ increased back to the basal expression level within 30 min. A substantial decrease in GroES expression persisted for at least 30 min after PEF treatment. Chaperone expression was suppressed after PEF treatment to a smaller extent in the PEF-resistant (OSY-8578) than in the PEF-sensitive strain, and no clear expression pattern was identified in OSY-8578. Inactivation of Scott A and OSY-8578 in phosphate buffer was compared when lethal PEF (27.5 kV/cm, 144 mus) and heat (55degreesC, 10 min) were applied in sequence. When PEF and heat treatments were applied separately, the populations of L. monocytogenes Scott A and OSY-8578 decreased 0.5 to 0.6 log CFU/ml. Cells treated first with PEF and incubated at 25degreesC for 10 min showed substantial sensitivity to subsequent heat treatment; the decrease in counts for Scott A and OSY-8578 was 6.1 and 2.8 log CFU/ml, respectively. The sequence and time lapse between the two treatments were crucial for achieving high inactivation rates. It is concluded that PEF sensitized L. monocytogenes to heat and that maximum heat sensitization occurred when chaperone expression was at a minimum level. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Yousef, AE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2015 Fyffe Rd,Parker Food Sci & Technol Bldg, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM yousef.1@osu.edu RI Yousef, Ahmed/E-4358-2011 NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 BP 2289 EP 2295 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.4.2289-2295.2004 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 811SS UT WOS:000220792200048 PM 15066824 ER PT J AU McRae, C Cherin, E Yamazaki, TG Diem, G Vo, AH Russell, D Ellgring, JH Fahn, S Greene, P Dillon, S Winfield, H Bjugstad, KB Freed, CR AF McRae, C Cherin, E Yamazaki, TG Diem, G Vo, AH Russell, D Ellgring, JH Fahn, S Greene, P Dillon, S Winfield, H Bjugstad, KB Freed, CR TI Effects of perceived treatment on quality of life and medical outcomes in a double-blind placebo surgery trial SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID FETAL NIGRAL TRANSPLANTATION; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; INTRASTRIATAL TRANSPLANTATION; MESENCEPHALIC TISSUE; DOPAMINERGIC GRAFTS; PATIENT; IMPROVEMENT; RELIABILITY; RELEASE AB Context: This study was part of a large double-blind sham surgery-controlled trial designed to determine the effectiveness of transplantation of human embryonic dopamine neurons into the brains of persons with advanced Parkinson's disease. This portion of the study investigated the quality of life (QOL) of participants during the 1 year of double-blind follow-up. Objectives: To determine whether QOL improved more in the transplant group than in the sham surgery group and to investigate outcomes at I year based on perceived treatment (the type of surgery patients thought they received). Design: Participants were randomly assigned to receive either the transplant or sham surgery. Reported results are from the 1-year double-blind period. Setting: Participants were recruited from across the United States and Canada. Assessment and surgery were conducted at 2 separate university medical centers. Participants: A volunteer sample of 40 persons with idiopathic Parkinson's disease participated in the transplant ("parent") study, and 30 agreed to participate in the related QOL study: 12 received the transplant and 18 received sham surgery. Interventions: Interventions in the parent study were transplantation and sham brain surgery. Assessments of QOL were made at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 months after surgery. Main Outcome Measures: Comparison of the actual transplant and sham surgery groups and the perceived treatment groups on QOL and medical outcomes. We also investigated change over time. Results: There were 2 differences or changes over time in the transplant and sham surgery groups. Based on perceived treatment, or treatment patients thought they received, there were numerous differences and changes over time. In all cases, those who thought they received the transplant reported better scores. Blind ratings by medical staff showed similar results. Conclusions: The placebo effect was very strong in this study, demonstrating the value of placebo-controlled surgical trials. C1 Univ Denver, Coll Educ, Denver, CO 80208 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Behav Med Dept, Oakland, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Psychol, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, Inst Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP McRae, C (reprint author), Univ Denver, Coll Educ, Denver, CO 80208 USA. EM cmcrae@du.edu RI Russell, Daniel/A-7559-2013 OI Russell, Daniel/0000-0003-2264-861X FU NINDS NIH HHS [R29 NS32009-05, R01 NS32368] NR 44 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD APR PY 2004 VL 61 IS 4 BP 412 EP 420 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.61.4.412 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 811CD UT WOS:000220749100011 PM 15066900 ER PT J AU McClain, MT Arbuckle, MR Heinlen, LD Dennis, GJ Roebuck, J Rubertone, MV Harley, JB James, JA AF McClain, MT Arbuckle, MR Heinlen, LD Dennis, GJ Roebuck, J Rubertone, MV Harley, JB James, JA TI The prevalence, onset, and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies prior to diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASES; ANTICARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES; ANTIPROTHROMBIN ANTIBODIES; VENOUS THROMBOSIS; REVISED CRITERIA; COHORT; RISK; ASSOCIATIONS; CLASSIFICATION; CARDIOLIPIN AB Objective. To determine whether antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) occur before the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and before initial clotting events, and whether their presence early in the disease course influences clinical outcome. Methods. Serum samples obtained from 130 lupus patients before and after SLE diagnosis were screened for IgG and IgM aPL using an anticardiolipin (aCL) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Medical records of all patients were carefully reviewed for data on the time of onset of SLE features meeting clinical criteria and on disease manifestations. Results. Twenty-four patients (18.5%) were positive for IgG and/or IgM aCL prior to SLE diagnosis. Anticardiolipin antibodies appeared from 7.6 years prior to SLE diagnosis to within the same month as SLE diagnosis, with a mean onset occurring 3.0 years before SLE diagnosis. Additionally, aCL presence early in the disease process seemed to predict a more severe clinical outcome; these patients eventually met an average of 6.1 of the 11 classification criteria for SLE, compared with 4.9 criteria for other patients (P < 0.001). The early aCL-positive population also had more frequent renal disease, central nervous system disease, thrombocytopenia, and clotting events. In this population, aCL preceded initial thrombotic events by a mean of 3.1 years. Conclusion. Anticardiolipin antibodies in SLE patients tend to precede initial clotting events by several years. Furthermore, the presence of early, prediagnosis aPL seems to herald a more varied, severe clinical course with earlier onset in patients with SLE. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthritis & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. NIAMSD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthritis & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM jamesj@omrf.ouhsc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-15577, RR-14467]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-24717, AI-31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-45231, AR-45084, AR-48940, AR-42460] NR 33 TC 95 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD APR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 4 BP 1226 EP 1232 DI 10.1002/art.20120 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 811HS UT WOS:000220763600024 PM 15077305 ER PT J AU Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Pan, YL Chang, RK AF Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Pan, YL Chang, RK TI Fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosol at Adelphi, Maryland, USA: measurement and classification of single particles containing organic carbon SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE aerosol fluorescence spectra; aerosol composition; humic acids; single-particle measurements ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES; CONDENSATION-NUCLEI CONCENTRATIONS; AIRBORNE BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; UNITED-STATES; INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE; PARTICULATE MATTER; LIGHT-SCATTERING; FUNGAL SPORES AB We measured laser-induced fluorescence spectra from individual supermicron-sized atmospheric particles drawn into our laboratory at Adelphi, MD, an urban site in the Washington, DC metroplex. A virtural impactor concentrator is used along with an aerodynamic-focusing-nozzle which forms, within an optical chamber, a focused aerosol jet where single aerosol particles can be interrogated on-the-fly with a pulsed 266-nm-wavelength laser. Sample rates are a few liter per minute, and are size dependent. Crossed-diode laser beams indicate when a particle is traversing the sample region and are used to trigger the UV laser to fire and the gated intensified CCD to record the fluorescence spectrum. Our breadboard fluorescence particle spectrometer measures particles in the 3-10mum diameter size range. Typical trigger rates are a few per second. The usable spectral range is from about 295 to 605 nm. The majority of the particles have very weak fluorescence (on average 8 percent of particles have fluorescence signals above noise). The spectra were grouped using a heirarchical cluster analysis, with parameters chosen so that spectra typically cluster into 4-12 main categories. From the set of all cluster spectra we chose 8 template spectra for reanalyzing all the data. On average, 92 percent (81-94 percent) of the spectra were similar to these templates (using the same thresholds used for the cluster analysis). The major emission bands of the most commonly occurring spectra have peaks: near 460 nm (28 percent of fluorescent particles on average), a very broad hump, and may be humic, acids or humic like substances; near 317 nm (on average 24 percent of fluorescent particles); near 321 and 460 nm (a double hump, 12 percent of fluorescent particles); and near 341 nm (8 percent of fluorescent particles). Some of the fluorescence in spectra peaking in the 317-341 nm range is probably from dicyclic aromatics and heterocyclics, including the amino acid tryptophan in biological particles such as bacteria and spores. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Hill, SC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM shill@arl.army.mil NR 71 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 5 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2004 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1657 EP 1672 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.11.017 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 801ST UT WOS:000220116300012 ER PT J AU Jacobi, HW Bales, RC Honrath, RE Peterson, MC Dibb, JE Swanson, AL Albert, MR AF Jacobi, HW Bales, RC Honrath, RE Peterson, MC Dibb, JE Swanson, AL Albert, MR TI Reactive trace gases measured in the interstitial air of surface snow at Summit, Greenland SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE trace gases; air-snow exchange; firn air; polar atmospheric chemistry; Greenland ID ALERT 2000 CAMPAIGN; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PHOTOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; FIRN LAYERS; ICE CORES; H2O2; ATMOSPHERE; ACIDS; HNO3 AB Concentration measurements of nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrous acid (HONO), nitric acid (HNO3) formaldehyde (HCHO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), formic acid (HCOOH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) were performed in air filtered through the pore spaces of the surface snowpack (firn air) at Summit, Greenland, in summer 2000. In general, firn air concentrations of NO, NO2, HONO, HCHO, HCOOH, and CH3COOH were enhanced compared to concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer above the snow. Only HNO3 and H2O2 normally exhibited lower concentrations in the firn air. In most cases differences were highest during the day and lowest during nighttime hours. Shading experiments showed a good agreement with a photochemical NOx source in the surface snow. Patterns of H2O2, CH3COOH, and HNO3 observed within the surface snow-firn air system imply that the number of molecules in the snow greatly exceeded that in the firn air. Deduced partitioning indicates that the largest fractions of the acids were present at the ice grain-air interface. In all cases, the number of molecules located at the interface was significantly higher than the amount in the firn air. Therefore, snow surface area and surface coverage are important parameters, which must be considered for the interpretation of firn air concentrations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Climate Change Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Jacobi, HW (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Handelshafen 12, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. EM hwjacobi@awi-bremerhaven.de OI Albert, Mary/0000-0001-7842-2359 NR 42 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2004 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1687 EP 1697 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.01.004 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 803YS UT WOS:000220267000001 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Sing, H Santiago, S Kendall, AP Johnson, D Thorne, D Escolas, SM Holland, D Hall, S Redmond, D AF Russo, MB Sing, H Santiago, S Kendall, AP Johnson, D Thorne, D Escolas, SM Holland, D Hall, S Redmond, D TI Visual neglect: Occurrence and patterns in pilots in a simulated overnight flight SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; sleep restriction; neglect; vision; neurology; performance; impairment; fatigue ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE; FATIGUE; ALERTNESS; DURATION AB Introduction: Visual neglect is the unconscious inability to recognize or acknowledge some visual information in the presence of a structurally intact visual system, and was hypothesized to occur with less than 24 h of continuous wakefulness. Visual perception was evaluated in military pilots during a simulated overnight flight to explore for the possible occurrence of visual neglect. Methods: There were eight military pilots (male, 31-52 yr of age, mean 37 yr) on flight status who were recruited to perform the primary task of flying a simulated 12.5 h overnight mission after a day of continuous wakefulness and the secondary task of responding to repeated 20 min presentations of single- and double-light stimuli displayed in random sequence at 15degrees intervals across the cockpit instrument panel. In addition to the visual performance task, simulator shutdowns occurring when the tolerances of the simulator were exceeded were measured and simple reaction time on the psychomotor vigilance task was assessed. Total continuous wakefulness was 26.5 h. Results: Combined performance on the visual perception task showed response omissions increasing at 19 h of continuous wakefulness. Patterns included omissions at all stimulus locations, of primarily peripherally located stimuli, and of one of two simultaneously presented stimuli. Simulator shutdowns began at 21.5 h of continuous wakefulness. Correlation of visual task response omissions with simulator shutdowns was r = 0.95, p < 0.0001. Conclusions: Significant neglect of visual stimuli occurred in pilots beginning at 19 h of continuous wakefulness in a simulated overnight fixed wing aircraft flight, preceded simulator shutdowns, and correlated at 0.95 with simulator shutdowns. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, McGuire AFB, NJ USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrell Dr, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM michael.russo@us.army.mil NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 4 BP 323 EP 332 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 809AK UT WOS:000220609400005 PM 15086122 ER PT J AU Byrne, PM Park, SS Beaty, M Sharp, M Gonzalez, L Abdoun, T AF Byrne, PM Park, SS Beaty, M Sharp, M Gonzalez, L Abdoun, T TI Numerical modeling of liquefaction and comparison with centrifuge tests SO CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE liquefaction; dynamic centrifuge modeling; numerical modeling; depth limitation ID SOILS AB The prediction of liquefaction and resulting displacements is a major concern for earth structures located in regions of moderate to high seismicity. Conventional procedures used to assess liquefaction commonly predict the triggering of liquefaction to depths of 50 m or more. Remediation to prevent or curtail liquefaction at these depths can be very expensive. Field experience during past earthquakes indicates that liquefaction has mainly occurred at depths less than about 15 m, and some recent dynamic centrifuge model testing initially appeared to confirm a depth or confining-stress limitation on the occurrence of liquefaction. Such a limitation on liquefaction could greatly reduce remediation costs. In this paper an effective stress numerical modeling procedure is used to assess these centrifuge tests. The results indicate that a lack of complete saturation and densification at depth arising from the application of the high-acceleration field are largely responsible for the apparent limitation on liquefaction at depth observed in some centrifuge tests. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Civil Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 94236 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Centrifuge Res Ctr, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Civil Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Byrne, PM (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Civil Engn, 2324 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM pmb@civil.ubc.ca NR 25 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-3674 J9 CAN GEOTECH J JI Can. Geotech. J. PD APR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 193 EP 211 DI 10.1139/T03-088 PG 19 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 816EH UT WOS:000221092700001 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL AF James, WF Barko, JW Eakin, HL TI Impacts of sediment dewatering and rehydration on sediment nitrogen concentration and macrophyte growth SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW; DENITRIFICATION; SYSTEMS; NITRIFICATION; DESICCATION; RESERVOIR; DYNAMICS; LAKES AB River sediments were experimentally dewatered via exposure to air from an initial moisture content of 75% to 61% (similar to20% dewatered), 32% (similar to60% dewatered), and 4% (similar to95% dewatered). Sediments dewatered by 20% and 60% and rehydrated exhibited a lower exchangeable ammonium-N (NH(4)-N) concentration and a lower rate of nitrate/nitrite-N and NH(4)-N release from sediments compared with controls. In contrast, sediments dewatered by 95% and rehydrated exhibited a marked increase in exchangeable sediment NH(4)-N and a much higher rate of nitrate/nitrite-N (under oxic conditions) and NH(4)-N (under oxic and anoxic conditions) release from sediments. Sediment dewatered by 60% and 95% and rehydrated lost total N (18%), suggesting denitrification. Growth of Potamogeton pectinatus responded to changes in the exchangeable sediment NH(4)-N concentration; it was lower on partially dewatered and rehydrated sediments that exhibited lower exchangeable sediment NH(4)-N and elevated on sediment that was dewatered by 95%. Our results suggest that sediment N may be altered via sediment dewatering and rehydration to affect macrophyte growth. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM jamesw@wes.army.mil NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 61 IS 4 BP 538 EP 546 DI 10.1139/F04-018 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 829CA UT WOS:000222019600005 ER PT J AU Grigolini, P Hamilton, P Roberts, J West, BJ AF Grigolini, P Hamilton, P Roberts, J West, BJ TI Towards a new vision of complexity - Foreword SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis Enrico Fermi, Ist Processi Chimicofis, Pisa, Italy. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Texas Womans Univ, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76204 USA. Duke Univ, Div Math, USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Duke Univ, Div Math, USA, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Grigolini, P (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis Enrico Fermi, Ist Processi Chimicofis, Area Ric CNR, Pisa, Italy. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00422-3 PG 3 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800001 ER PT J AU Allegrini, P Giuntoli, M Grigolini, P West, BJ AF Allegrini, P Giuntoli, M Grigolini, P West, BJ TI From knowledge, knowability and the search for objective randomness to a new vision of complexity SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY PARTICLE PHYSICS; SPACE-TIME; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; E-(INFINITY) SPACE; WILD TOPOLOGY; QUANTUM; SYMMETRY; SYSTEMS AB Herein we consider various concepts of entropy as measures of the complexity of phenomena and in so doing encounter a fundamental problem in physics that affects how we understand the nature of reality. In essence the difficulty has to do with our understanding of randomness, irreversibility and unpredictability using physical theory, and these in turn undermine our certainty regarding what we can and what we cannot know about complex phenomena in general. The sources of complexity examined herein appear to be channels for the amplification of naturally occurring randomness in the physical world. Our analysis suggests that when the conditions for the renormalization group apply, this spontaneous randomness, which is not a reflection of our limited knowledge, but a genuine property of nature, does not realize the conventional thermodynamic state, and a new condition, intermediate between the dynamic and the thermodynamic state, emerges. We argue that with this vision of complexity, life, which with ordinary statistical mechanics seems to be foreign to physics, becomes a natural consequence of dynamical processes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. CNR, Ist Linguist Computaz, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Proc Chim Fis, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, POB 311427, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM grigo@unt.edu RI Allegrini, Paolo/C-1876-2012 OI Allegrini, Paolo/0000-0002-5476-9005 NR 83 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 EI 1873-2887 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 11 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00424-7 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800003 ER PT J AU West, BJ AF West, BJ TI Comments on the renormalization group, scaling and measures of complexity SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Editorial Material ID LONG-RANGE CORRELATIONS; STRIDE INTERVAL; HUMAN GAIT; FLUCTUATIONS; HEARTBEAT; FORMALISM; DYNAMICS; MEMORY; SERIES AB One definition of complexity is implicit in phenomena that are neither completely ordered nor completely random. This lack of certitude can be traced to the fact that the phenomenon has multiple scales, all of which are coupled to one another. This multiplicity of scales is the harbinger of fractals and scaling. Herein we discuss some of the methods, such as renormalization group theory, scaling and fractal geometry, that have been applied to the understanding of such complex phenomena in physics, economics and medicine. The simplest and probably the most familiar model of statistical processes in the physical sciences is the random walk. Herein we extend the random walk model to include longtime memory in the dynamics and find that this gives rise to a fractional-difference stochastic equation of motion for complex phenomena. The continuum limit of this latter random walk is a fractional differential equation driven by random fluctuations, which in physics is called a Langevin equation for integer dimensions. The index of the inverse power-law spectrum in many biophysical processes can be related to the non-integer order of the fractional derivative in a fractional Langevin equation. Such a fractional stochastic model suggests that a scale-free process guides the dynamics of many complex biophysical phenomena, which are typically multifractal. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Math, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00425-9 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800004 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Imholt, T Roberts, JA West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Imholt, T Roberts, JA West, BJ TI An intensity-expansion method to treat non-stationary time series: an application to the distance between prime numbers SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article AB We study the fractal properties of the distances between consecutive primes. The distance sequence is found to be well described by a non-stationary exponential probability distribution. We propose an intensity-expansion method to treat this non-stationarity and we find that the statistics underlying the distance between consecutive primes is Gaussian and that, by transforming the distance sequence into a stationary one, the range of Gaussian randomness of the sequence increases. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, EE Dept, Pratt Sch, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, EE Dept, Pratt Sch, POB 90291, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ns2002@duke.edu OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)000434-X PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800013 ER PT J AU Latka, M Glaubic-Latka, M Latka, D West, BJ AF Latka, M Glaubic-Latka, M Latka, D West, BJ TI Fractal rigidity in migraine SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER SIGNALS; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; STRIDE-INTERVAL; TC-99M HMPAO; HUMAN GAIT; AUTOREGULATION; ATTACKS; SPECT AB We study the middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity in humans using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Scaling properties of time series of the axial flow velocity averaged over a cardiac beat interval may be characterized by two exponents. The short-time scaling exponent (STSE) determines the statistical properties of fluctuations of blood flow velocities in short-time intervals while the Hurst exponent describes the long-term fractal properties. In many migraineurs the value of the STSE is significantly reduced and may approach that of the Hurst exponent. This change in dynamical properties reflects the significant loss of short-term adaptability and the overall hyperexcitability of underlying cerebral blood flow control system. We call this effect fractal rigidity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wroclaw Tech Univ, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Opole Reg Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, PL-45401 Opole, Poland. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Latka, M (reprint author), Wroclaw Tech Univ, Inst Phys, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00440-5 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800019 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Multiresolution diffusion entropy analysis of time series: an application to births to teenagers in Texas SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article AB The multiresolution diffusion entropy analysis is used to evaluate the stochastic information left in a time series after systematic removal of certain non-stationarities. This method allows us to establish whether the identified patterns are sufficient to capture all relevant information contained in a time series. If they do not, the method suggests the need for further interpretation to explain the residual memory in the signal. We apply the multiresolution diffusion entropy analysis to the daily count of births to teens in Texas from 1964 through 2000 because it is a typical example of a non-stationary time series, having an anomalous trend, an annual variation, as well as short time fluctuations. The analysis is repeated for the three main racial/ethnic groups in Texas (White, Hispanic and African American), as well as, to married and unmarried teens during the years from 1994 to 2000 and we study the differences that emerge among the groups. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Pratt Sch, EE Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Pratt Sch, EE Dept, POB 90291, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 179 EP 185 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00442-9 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 740CG UT WOS:000186382800021 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Hewitt, A Lever, J Hayes, C Perovich, L Thorne, P Daghlian, C AF Taylor, S Hewitt, A Lever, J Hayes, C Perovich, L Thorne, P Daghlian, C TI TNT particle size distributions from detonated 155-mm howitzer rounds SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE blow-in-place detonations; TNT particles; SEM; size distribution; surface area; mass recovered ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; SOLUBILITY; RDX AB To achieve sustainable range management and avoid or minimize environmental contamination, the Army needs to know the amount of explosives deposited on ranges from different munitions and how these are degraded and transported under different geological and climatic conditions. The physical form of the deposited explosives has a bearing on this problem, yet the shapes and size distributions of the explosive particles remaining after detonations are not known. We collected residues from 8 high-order and 6 low-order non-tactical detonations of TNT-filled 155-mm rounds. We found significant variation in the amount of TNT scattered from the high-order detonations, ranging from 0.00001 to 2% of the TNT in the original shell. All low-order detonations scattered percent-level amounts of TNT. We imaged thousands of TNT particles and determined the size, mass and surface-area distributions of particles collected from one high-order and one low-order detonation. For the high-order detonation, particles smaller than I mm contribute most of the mass and surface area of the TNT scattered. For the low-order detonation, most of the scattered TNT mass was in the form of un-heated, centimeter-sized pieces whereas most of the surface area was again from particles smaller than I mm. We also observed that the large pieces of TNT disintegrate readily, giving rise to many smaller particles that can quickly dissolve. We suggest picking up the large pieces of TNT before they disintegrate to become point sources of contamination. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Army Corp Engineers, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03766 USA. WES, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. Appl Res Associates, S Royalton, VT 05068 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Taylor, S (reprint author), Dept Army Corp Engineers, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03766 USA. EM susan.taylor@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 13 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 3 BP 357 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.11.031 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 806DA UT WOS:000220413400006 PM 14987934 ER PT J AU Flowers, RB AF Flowers, RB TI Support from Corps of Engineers SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20314 USA. RP Flowers, RB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20314 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD APR PY 2004 VL 74 IS 4 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 812IE UT WOS:000220832400001 ER PT J AU Anisimov, AP Lindler, LE Pier, GB AF Anisimov, AP Lindler, LE Pier, GB TI Intraspecific diversity of Yersinia pestis SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCE; RECOMBINANT V-ANTIGEN; FRACTION-I ANTIGEN; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BUBONIC PLAGUE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; TRANSFERABLE PLASMID; GROWTH TEMPERATURE AB Increased interest in the pathogenic potential of Yersinia pestis has emerged because of the potential threats from bioterrorism. Pathogenic potential is based on genetic factors present in a population of microbes, yet most studies evaluating the role of specific genes in virulence have used a limited number of strains. For Y. pestis this issue is complicated by the fact that most strains available for study in the Americas are clonally derived and thus genetically restricted, emanating from a strain of Y. pestis introduced into the United States in 7902 via marine shipping and subsequent spread of this strain throughout North and South America. In countries from the former Soviet Union (FSU), Mongolia, and China there are large areas of enzootic foci of Y. pestis infection containing genetically diverse strains that have been intensely studied by scientists in these countries. However; the results of these investigations are not generally known outside of these countries. Here we describe the variety of methods used in the FSU to classify Y. pestis strains based on genetic and phenotypic variation and show that there is a high level of diversity in these strains not reflected by ones obtained from sylvatic areas and patients in the Americas. C1 Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol, Dept Infect Dis, Obolensk 142279, Serpukhov Dist, Russia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Pier, GB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab,Dept Med, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gpier@rics.bwh.harvard.edu RI Anisimov, Andrey/D-2217-2009; Anisimov, Andrey/H-5257-2012; OI Anisimov, Andrey/0000-0002-5499-7999; Anisimov, Andrey/0000-0002-5499-7999; Pier, Gerald/0000-0002-9112-2331 NR 199 TC 174 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD APR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 2 BP 434 EP + DI 10.1128/CMR.17.2.434-464.2004 PG 32 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 814JX UT WOS:000220972100010 PM 15084509 ER PT J AU Reitich, F Tamma, KK AF Reitich, F Tamma, KK TI State-of-the-art, trends, and directions in computational electromagnetics SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Math, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Reitich, F (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Math, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI ENCINO PA 4924 BALBOA BLVD, # 488, ENCINO, CA 91316 USA SN 1526-1492 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 5 IS 4 BP 287 EP 294 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 816GF UT WOS:000221097700001 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV McFaul, SJ Van Albert, S Morrissette, C Zaucha, GM Nath, J AF Gorbunov, NV McFaul, SJ Van Albert, S Morrissette, C Zaucha, GM Nath, J TI Assessment of inflammatory response and sequestration of blood iron transferrin complexes in a rat model of lung injury resulting trom exposure to low-trequency shock waves SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE polymorphonuclear leukocyte; CD11b; iron; transferrin; blast shock wave; lung injury; inflammation; biomarkers; electron paramagnetic resonance; flow cytometry ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; BLAST INJURIES; BLUNT TRAUMA; MECHANISM; NEUTROPHILS; MARKERS; CELLS AB Objective: Impact of air blast overpressure waves (OPW), or shock wave, with the body wall or body armor produces two types of energy waves: high-frequency low-amplitude stress waves and long-duration low-frequency share waves. These types of energy waves are characterized by different mechanisms of primary tissue injury that mostly affect lung. Systemic inflammation and resultant acute respiratory distress syndrome are known major secondary causative agents of delayed multiple organ failure and subsequent death after OPW exposure. However, association of each pattern of the blast OPW-produced energy waves with postexposure inflammatory events has not yet been delineated. The objectives of the present research were a) establishment of a rat model for assessment of the inflammatory response following lung injury produced by exposure to medium-amplitude (similar to120 kPa) low-frequency (260 +/- 5 Hz) OPWs; and b) assessment of the dynamics of alteration in polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts and expression of CD11b adhesion molecules on the surface of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and status of iron-transferrin complexes in peripheral blood after OPW exposure. Design: This study focused on the OPW effects at different time periods, using a sequential approach to postexposure events. Lung injury in rat was induced by OPW generated in a laboratory shock tube. Animals were exposed to OPW (at peak overpressure of 118 7 kPa) that produced "moderate" lung injury. Setting: Military research institute. Subjects: Twenty-seven CVF Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to OPW exposures, and 17 sham-treated animals were used as control. Interventions. Lung tissue and blood samples were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hrs following OPW exposures and compared with samples collected from nonexposed animals. Measurements and Main Results., OPW-induced lung injury caused a 2.7-fold increase in the number of circulatory polymorphonuclear leukocytes as early as 1 hr postexposure, which is indicative of mobilization of the pool of marginated polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the free circulation. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts increased through the following 3- and 6-hr periods, when they were, respectively, 5-fold and 3.5-fold higher than in controls. These effects were accompanied by a pronounced expression of CD11b in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and tissue sequestration of blood iron-transferrin complexes during the entire 24-hr period of observations. The increase in circulatory polymorphonuclear leukocytes was accompanied by a decrease in iron-transferrin complex concentrations that apparently reflected implication of blood plasma iron in the inflammatory cell response to OPW-induced injury. Conclusions. The observed dynamics in polymorphonuclear leukocyte alterations in peripheral blood after OPW exposure were similar to those found recently in clinical observations of non-penetrating injury and in animal models of infectious insults. Therefore, our data suggest that the main pattern of proinflammatory alterations in the rat model of lung injury induced by exposure to long-duration shock wave is similar to patterns that are characteristic of major trauma. The data further suggest that the expression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte CD11b and the response of iron-transferrin complex can be considered as potential surrogate markers in blood for systemic alterations following OPW-induced injury and, therefore, warrant further investigation in a human pilot study. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Gorbunov, NV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1028 EP 1034 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000120051.79520.B6 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 812XR UT WOS:000220872700019 PM 15071397 ER PT J AU Siddaiah, N Erickson, Q Miller, G Elston, DM AF Siddaiah, N Erickson, Q Miller, G Elston, DM TI Tacrohmus-induced tinea incognito SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; TACROLIMUS AB Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus represent a new class of topical nonsteroidal medications currently used in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory skin lesions. We report the case of a patient in whom topical tacrolimus therapy resulted in widespread lesions of tinea incognito. This case shows that partial treatment of dermatophytosis with griseofulvin may obscure the diagnosis. It also suggests that topical tacrolimus appears capable of inducing widespread dermatophytosis. The clinical appearance in this case was similar to tinea incognito induced by a topical corticosteroid. C1 S Sound Inpatient Phys, Browns Point, WA 98422 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. RP Siddaiah, N (reprint author), S Sound Inpatient Phys, 6203 Hawthorne Terrace NE, Browns Point, WA 98422 USA. EM siddaiah@excite.com NR 6 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD APR PY 2004 VL 73 IS 4 BP 237 EP 238 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 812ZS UT WOS:000220878000004 PM 15134322 ER PT J AU Hwang, I Calvit, TB Cash, BD Holtzmuller, KC AF Hwang, I Calvit, TB Cash, BD Holtzmuller, KC TI Bell's palsy: A rare complication of interferon therapy for hepatitis C SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hwang, I (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Gastroenterol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 619 EP 620 DI 10.1023/B:DDAS.0000026389.56819.0c PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 817KY UT WOS:000221177600013 PM 15185866 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Prada, CM Venkatesan, MM Franco, AA Lanata, CF Sack, RB Hartman, AB Spira, W AF Fernandez-Prada, CM Venkatesan, MM Franco, AA Lanata, CF Sack, RB Hartman, AB Spira, W TI Molecular epidemiology of Shigella flexneri in a diarrhoea-endemic area of Lima, Peru SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; PLASMID DNA ANALYSIS; ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; DRUG-RESISTANCE; PERIURBAN LIMA; ANTIGEN GENE; SONNEI; INFECTIONS AB A year-long community-based study of diarrhoeal diseases was conducted in Canto Grande, a periurban community in Lima, Peru. In 109 (34 %) houses out of 323 that were visited, at least one individual was detected with shigellosis. The frequency of the 161 shigella isolates obtained was as follows: 117 S. flexneri (73 %), 21 S. boydii (13 %), 15 S. dysenteriae (9 %), and 8 S. sonnei (5 %). Using a non-radioactive ipaH gene probe as a molecular epidemiological tool, a total of 41 S. flexneri strains were shown to be distributed in 25 intra-family comparisons by pairs (icp). Further subdivision, based on a comparison of the serotype, plasmid profile, antibiotic resistances and ipaH hybridization patterns indicated that Group I, with 11 icp (44 %), had strains that were identical, Group II with 8 icp (32 %), had strains that were different and Group III with 6 icp (24 %), had strains with the same serotype and identical ipaH profiles but with differences in other markers. This data indicates that a diversity of shigella clones circulated in this community resulting from both clonal spread and horizontal transfer of genetic elements. Furthermore, ipaH profiling of isolates can be used not only to differentiate between closely related shigella strains but also with other parameters, help to understand the dynamics of the generation of new clones of pathogenic bacteria. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Inst Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. RP Fernandez-Prada, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 303,Rm 2N57, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 2004 VL 132 IS 2 BP 303 EP 316 DI 10.1017/S0950268803001560 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 813RD UT WOS:000220923300018 PM 15061506 ER PT J AU Wilber, DH Clarke, DG Burlas, MH Ruben, H Will, RJ AF Wilber, DH Clarke, DG Burlas, MH Ruben, H Will, RJ TI Spatial and temporal variability in surf zone fish assemblages on the coast of northern New Jersey (vol 56, pg 291, 2003) SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 DynTel, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Wetlands & Coastal Ecol Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers New York Dist, Planning Div, New York, NY 10278 USA. RP Wilber, DH (reprint author), DynTel, 664 Old Plantat Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM wilberdh@aol.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 59 IS 4 BP 705 EP 707 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2003.11.013 PG 3 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 804DP UT WOS:000220279700015 ER PT J AU Castagna, J AF Castagna, J TI Extensive-fish tagging study used in New York dredging project SO FISHERIES LA English DT News Item C1 USA, Corp Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Castagna, J (reprint author), USA, Corp Engineers, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0363-2415 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD APR PY 2004 VL 29 IS 4 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 810DS UT WOS:000220685600002 ER PT J AU Bambha, NK Bhattacharyya, SS Teich, J Zitzler, E AF Bambha, NK Bhattacharyya, SS Teich, J Zitzler, E TI Systematic integration of parameterized local search into evolutionary algorithms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE evolutionary algorithm (EA); hybrid global/local search AB Application-specific, parameterized local search algorithms (PLSAs), in which optimization accuracy can be traded off with run time, arise naturally in many optimization contexts. We introduce a novel approach, called simulated heating, for systematically integrating parameterized local search into evolutionary algorithms (EAs). Using the framework of simulated heating, we investigate both static and dynamic strategies for systematically managing the tradeoff between PLSA accuracy and optimization effort. Our goal is to achieve maximum solution quality within a fixed optimization time budget. We show that the simulated heating technique better utilizes the given optimization time resources than standard hybrid methods that employ fixed parameters, and that the technique is less sensitive to these parameter settings. We apply this framework to three different optimization problems, compare our results to the standard hybrid methods, and show quantitatively that careful management. of this tradeoff is necessary to achieve the full potential of an EA/PLSA combination. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Freidrich Alexander Univ, Inst Comp Sci, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Comp Engn & Networks Lab, Dept Informat Technol & Elect Engn, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM nbambha@eng.umd.edu; ssb@eng.umd.edu; teich@informatik.uni-erlangen.de; zitzler@tik.ee.ethz.ch RI Zitzler, Eckart/A-5738-2008; OI Bhattacharyya, Shuvra/0000-0001-7719-1106 NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1089-778X EI 1941-0026 J9 IEEE T EVOLUT COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput. PD APR PY 2004 VL 8 IS 2 BP 137 EP 155 DI 10.1109/TEVC.2004.823471 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 814IK UT WOS:000220968200005 ER PT J AU Jarrett, CO Sebbane, F Adamovicz, JJ Andrews, GP Hinnebusch, BJ AF Jarrett, CO Sebbane, F Adamovicz, JJ Andrews, GP Hinnebusch, BJ TI Flea-borne transmission model to evaluate vaccine efficacy against naturally acquired bubonic plague SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; TRANSFERABLE PLASMID; VECTOR; INFECTIVITY; RESISTANCE; MODULATION; DISEASES; SURVIVAL; PROTEIN; GENES AB A flea-to-mouse transmission model was developed for use in testing new candidate vaccines for the ability to protect against flea-borne plague. The model was used to evaluate a recombinant fusion protein vaccine consisting of the Yersinia pestis F1 and V antigens. After one to three challenges with Y pestis-infected fleas, 14 of 15 unvaccinated control mice developed plague, with an average septicemia level of 9.2 X 10(8) Y. pestis CFU/ml. None of 15 vaccinated mice developed the disease after similar challenges, and serological testing indicated that transmitted bacteria were eliminated by the immune system before extensive replication and systemic infection could occur. The transmission and development of disease in control mice correlated with the number of bites by blocked fleas hut not with the total number of fleabites. The model provides a means to directly assess the efficacy of new vaccines to prevent naturally acquired bubonic plague and to study events at the vector-host interface that lead to dissemination and disease. C1 NIAID, Lab Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hinnebusch, BJ (reprint author), NIAID, Lab Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, 903 S 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. EM jhinnebusch@niaid.nih.gov RI Sebbane, Florent/D-4213-2009 NR 33 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2004 VL 72 IS 4 BP 2052 EP 2056 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.4.2052-2056.2004 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 807DG UT WOS:000220481600024 PM 15039326 ER PT J AU Hale, ML Marvaud, JC Popoff, MR Stiles, BG AF Hale, ML Marvaud, JC Popoff, MR Stiles, BG TI Detergent-resistant membrane microdomains facilitate Ib oligomer formation and biological activity of Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LIPID RAFTS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CELL-MEMBRANES; EPSILON-TOXIN; RECEPTOR; BINDING; CHOLESTEROL; AEROLYSIN; COMPLEX AB Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin consists of two separate proteins identified as a cell binding protein, iota b (Ib), which forms high-molecular-weight complexes on cells generating Na+/K+ -permeable pores through which iota a (Ia), an ADP-ribosyltransferase, presumably enters the cytosol. Identity of the cell receptor and membrane domains involved in Ib binding, oligomer formation, and internalization is currently unknown. In this study, Vero (toxin-sensitive) and MRC-5 (toxin-resistant) cells were incubated with Ib, after which detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRMs) were extracted with cold Triton X-100. Western blotting revealed that Ib oligomers localized in DRMs extracted from Vero, but not MRC-5, cells while monomeric Ib was detected in the detergent-soluble fractions of both cell types. The Ib protoxin, previously shown to bind Vero cells but not form oligomers or induce cytotoxicity, was detected only in the soluble fractions. Vero cells pretreated with phosphatidylinositoll-specific phospholipase C before addition of Ib indicated that glycosylphosphatidlyl inositol-anchored proteins were minimally involved in Ib binding or oligomer formation. While pretreatment of Vero cells with filipin (which sequesters cholesterol) had no effect, methyl-p-cyclodextrin (which extracts cholesterol) reduced Ib binding and oligomer formation and delayed iota-toxin cytotoxicity. These studies showed that iota-toxin exploits DRMs for oligomer formation to intoxicate cells. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Inst Pasteur, Unite Toxines Microbiennes, Paris, France. RP Hale, ML (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM martha.hale@amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2004 VL 72 IS 4 BP 2186 EP 2193 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.4.2186-2193.2004 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 807DG UT WOS:000220481600040 PM 15039342 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, SN Dubick, MA Yantis, LD Enriquez, JI Buchanan, KC Batra, SK Smiley, RA AF Bhattacharyya, SN Dubick, MA Yantis, LD Enriquez, JI Buchanan, KC Batra, SK Smiley, RA TI In vivo effect of wood smoke on the expression of two mucin genes in rat airways SO INFLAMMATION LA English DT Article DE smoke exposure; trachea; lungs; rats ID INHALATION INJURY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RETINOIC ACID; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; GLYCOPROTEIN COMPLEX; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SIALOMUCIN COMPLEX; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; SYSTEMIC OXIDANT; EPITHELIAL MUCIN AB A short-term, time-dependent smoke exposure of rats in a nose-only chamber to burning wood and 24-h recovery time revealed inflammation of the airways with varying degrees of injury from loss of cilia, degeneration of epithelium, and squamous metaplasia to submucosal edema. These histological changes were reflected in variable expression of the secretory Muc5AC and low expression of membrane-associated Muc4 mucin genes. 20-min smoke exposure in extended recovery experiments showed marked disorder of tracheal epithelium for up to 72 h of recovery with a return to normal by 7 days. Gene expressions were elevated at 24 and 48 h of recovery. 30-min smoke exposure showed a more severe degeneration of the epithelium and a longer recovery time. Muc5AC expression decreased after 72 h of recovery, while there was upregulation of Muc4 gene from 48 through 96 h. Because Muc4 upregulation and histological results correlate and it has reportedly been associated with epithelium renewal, Muc4 gene may be a useful marker for the regeneration of tracheal epithelium. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Omaha, NE USA. RP Bhattacharyya, SN (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM sambhu.bhattacharyya@amedd.army.mil NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0360-3997 J9 INFLAMMATION JI Inflammation PD APR PY 2004 VL 28 IS 2 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1023/B:IFLA.0000033022.66289.04 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 832JS UT WOS:000222264400003 PM 15379212 ER PT J AU Yemelyanova, AV Winter, W Seidman, JD AF Yemelyanova, AV Winter, W Seidman, JD TI Venous thrombosis in the broad ligament: Is it a predictor of postoperative pulmonary embolism in gynecological cancer patients? A case-control study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE broad ligament; organizing thrombi; pulmonary embolism; postoperative pulmonary embolism; gynecological malignancies ID THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS; SURGERY AB Pulmonary embolism is a common postoperative complication in gynecological oncology patients and is often fatal. A substantial proportion of venous thrombi responsible for pulmonary emboli originate in the pelvic veins. The significance of thrombi in the veins of the broad ligament identified in surgical specimens is unknown. In a case-control study, women with postoperative pulmonary embolism (cases) were identified from the Gynecological Oncology service at the Washington Hospital Center and compared with consecutive surgical pathology accessions (controls). Only the broad ligament veins were evaluated for the presence of organizing thrombi. Eight patients, all of whom had a gynecological malignancy, were diagnosed postoperatively with pulmonary embolism. Six were diagnosed clinically by spiral CT from 4 to 115 days after surgery, and two were diagnosed by open lung biopsy of a new pulmonary lesion approximately 1 year postoperatively. None of the cases was shown to have thrombi in the broad ligament veins. Thrombi in the broad ligament veins were present in three of 30 control patients with malignancies. Among 56 controls without malignancies, 3 had broad ligament thrombi. These findings suggest that the presence of organizing thrombi in the broad ligament veins does not predict postoperative pulmonary embolism. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Seidman, JD (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Pathol, 110 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-1691 J9 INT J GYNECOL PATHOL JI Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 23 IS 2 BP 176 EP 179 DI 10.1097/01.pgp.0000116613.98868.b2 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology GA 806SE UT WOS:000220452800013 PM 15084847 ER PT J AU Peters, JF Heymsfield, E AF Peters, JF Heymsfield, E TI FEM formulation of four and five noded elements using a linearly varying stress assumption SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE hybrid stress element; linear stress element; finite elements ID INCOMPATIBLE MODES; STIFFNESS MATRICES; FINITE-ELEMENT; DISTRIBUTIONS; DERIVATION AB The two-dimensional stress analysis is investigated to develop multi-noded elements that can be used in a finite element mesh. To accomplish this, a hybrid stress element is developed assuming a linear stress variation within the element. The formulation for this type of element is developed for a multi-noded polygon consisting of up to five nodes however simplifies to a constant stress element for a triangle. The formulation differs from the method developed by Pian [AIAA J. 2 (1964) 1333]. In the formulation discussed in this article, the same matrix is used to relate stress to constant stress parameters, and strain to constant strain parameters. This approximation simplifies the formulation, however does not significantly impact the results. The effectiveness of the formulation and code implementation is illustrated through "patch tests" along with other examples to assess this approximation. The linear stress element developed in this article is shown to be robust, yielding reasonable results even when a poorly designed finite element mesh is used in the cantilever beam example. In addition, the article includes a comparison between the linear stress element and the constant strain element to illustrate the advantages of the linear stress element over the constant strain element approach. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Civil Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 4160, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. USAE, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Heymsfield, E (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Civil Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 4160, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM petersj@wes.army.mil; ernie@uark.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD APR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1991 EP 2009 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.11.019 PG 19 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 778ET UT WOS:000189227000014 ER PT J AU Bauer, RM Ward, TP Dick, JS AF Bauer, RM Ward, TP Dick, JS TI Evaluation of digital fundus images as a diagnostic method for surveillance of diabetic retinopathy SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Winn Army Community Hosp, Ft Stewart, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 2 MA 4149 BP U375 EP U375 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TC UT WOS:000223338201341 ER PT J AU Berry, GK Holck, DEE Blaydon, S Demartelaere, S AF Berry, GK Holck, DEE Blaydon, S Demartelaere, S TI The influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on fibrovascular ingrowth in the irradiated anophthalmic socket SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 2 MA 4708 BP U506 EP U506 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TC UT WOS:000223338201881 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Van de Pol, C Greig, JL McLean, WE Rabin, JC AF Bower, KS Van de Pol, C Greig, JL McLean, WE Rabin, JC TI Night vision goggle visual performance after refractive surgery in Army aviators SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. Pacific Univ, Coll Optometry, Forest Grove, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 2 MA 2824 BP U15 EP U15 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TC UT WOS:000223338200026 ER PT J AU Brown, J DiCarlo, CD Zwick, H Lund, DJ Sankovich, JM Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE AF Brown, J DiCarlo, CD Zwick, H Lund, DJ Sankovich, JM Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE TI Multifocal ERG responses following acute retinal laser photocoagulation show increased amplitudes and delayed implicit times SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 1 MA 2029 BP U762 EP U762 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TA UT WOS:000223338001989 ER PT J AU Fechter, HP Chang, RT Feuer, W Budenz, DL AF Fechter, HP Chang, RT Feuer, W Budenz, DL TI Risk factors for Baerveldt implant failure SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 1 MA 989 BP U375 EP U375 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TA UT WOS:000223338000961 ER PT J AU Hamilton, MT Holck, DEE Marshall, S Foster, J Morgenstern, KE Blaydan, SM Demartelaere, S AF Hamilton, MT Holck, DEE Marshall, S Foster, J Morgenstern, KE Blaydan, SM Demartelaere, S TI Comparison of high-dose botulinum toxin Type B to botulinum toxin Type A in the amelioration of lateral canthal wrinkles SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Ophthalm Consultants Ohio, Ophthalmol, Columbus, OH USA. W Virginia Univ Hosp, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 1 MA 29 BP U111 EP U111 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TA UT WOS:000223338000005 ER PT J AU Hammond, MD Bower, KS Madigan, WP AF Hammond, MD Bower, KS Madigan, WP TI Refractive surgery in the US army 2000-2003: Clinical outcomes and impact on operational readiness SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 1 MA 1104 BP U406 EP U406 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TA UT WOS:000223338001079 ER PT J AU Van de Pol, C Greig, JL Bower, KS AF Van de Pol, C Greig, JL Bower, KS TI Helicopter night flight operations following refractive surgery SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 45 SU 2 MA 2823 BP U15 EP U15 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 846TC UT WOS:000223338200028 ER PT J AU DeHoyos, MJC Rubal, BJ Bradley, MYC AF DeHoyos, MJC Rubal, BJ Bradley, MYC TI Detection of acute atrial thrombus in a porcine model with atrial fibrillation with Tc 99m-apcitide SO INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atrial fibrillation; acute thrombus; technitium-99m apcitide ID DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; APCITIDE SCINTIGRAPHY; RADIOLABELED PEPTIDES; STROKE; ANTICOAGULATION; DIAGNOSIS; RISK AB Rationale and Objectives: Technetium-99m apcitide (AcuTect) is a peptide with high affinity and specificity for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors on platelets and is currently approved for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. This study evaluates the use of Tc-99m apcitide for detecting intracardiac thrombus in an animal model with atrial fibrillation. Methods: Thrombogenic material (0.23 +/- 0.03 g) was implanted within the left atrium of 5 swine with induced atrial fibrillation. Scintigraphy was performed with a small field of view gamma camera (minimum of 400,000 counts) 1 hour after implantation at 10, 60, and 120 minutes after the injection of the Tc-99m apcitide. Animals were then euthanized and a postmortem examination performed to confirm thrombus formation. Results: In all animals, thrombi and microthrombi were confirmed within the left atrial appendage. The average wet weight of the thrombus was 1.4 +/- 0.2 g. Tc-99m apcitide detected left atrial thrombus in all animals. Conclusions: This study suggests that AcuTect may prove useful for detecting intracardiac thrombus in future clinical studies in man. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP DeHoyos, MJC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600 MCHE MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Jose.DeHoyos@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0020-9996 J9 INVEST RADIOL JI Invest. Radiol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 39 IS 4 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1097/01.rli.0000112901.01665.el PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 805FI UT WOS:000220351800001 PM 15021322 ER PT J AU Carlson, DW Finger, DR AF Carlson, DW Finger, DR TI Beaver fever arthritis SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE reactive arthritis; Giardia lamblia; arthritis; synovial fluid ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; UPDATE AB Giardia lamblia, a flagellated protozoan and common cause of gastroenteritis, is a rare but previously reported cause of reactive arthritis (ReA). We report a case of inflammatory oligoarthritis in a young woman after infection with Giardia. Two weeks after being treated, she developed an inflammatory arthritis of her left knee and right elbow that was refractory to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication. Antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor and HLA-1327 tests were negative. She had almost immediate relied with intraarticular injection of corticosteroids. We review the previously reported cases of ReA following giardiasis and discuss possible pathogenic mechanisms. Although ReA most commonly occurs after chlamydial urethritis or gastroenteritis associated with typical enteropathic bacteria, important historical clues could point to less common pathogens such as Giardia. Physicians should be aware of these less common causes of ReA, because this could have important diagnostic and therapeutic implications. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Finger, DR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM david.finger@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 86 EP 88 DI 10.1097/01.rhu.0000120979.11380.16 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 811TN UT WOS:000220794300010 PM 17043473 ER PT J AU Goodman, P Mackey, MC Tavakoli, AS AF Goodman, P Mackey, MC Tavakoli, AS TI Factors related to childbirth satisfaction SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING LA English DT Article DE childbirth satisfaction; personal control; nurse; midwife ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PATIENT SATISFACTION; BIRTH EXPERIENCE; WOMANS LIFE; LABOR PAIN; WOMEN; DELIVERY; EXPECTATIONS; PERCEPTIONS; POSTPARTUM AB Background. A woman's satisfaction with the childbirth experience may have immediate and long-term effects on her health and her relationship with her infant, but there is a lack of current research in this area. Aim. This paper reports a study to examine multiple factors for their association with components of childbirth satisfaction and with the total childbirth experience. Method. A correlational descriptive study was conducted with 60 low-risk postpartum women, aged 18-46 years, with uneventful vaginal deliveries of healthy full-term infants at two medical centres in the south-eastern United States. The Labor Agentry Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire and Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale and a background questionnaire were completed by women. Obstetrical data were collected from the medical record. Findings. Personal control was a statistically significant predictor of total childbirth satisfaction (P = 0.0045) and with the subscale components of satisfaction (self, partner, baby, nurse, physician and overall). In addition, having expectations for labour and delivery met was a significant predictor of satisfaction with own performance during childbirth. Conclusions. Personal control during childbirth was an important factor related to the women's satisfaction with the childbirth experience. Helping women to increase their personal control during labour and birth may increase the women's childbirth satisfaction. C1 Univ S Carolina, Coll Nursing, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. USA, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Mackey, MC (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Coll Nursing, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM marlene.mackey@sc.edu NR 45 TC 156 Z9 161 U1 5 U2 28 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-2402 J9 J ADV NURS JI J. Adv. Nurs. PD APR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2003.02981.x PG 8 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 808CH UT WOS:000220546700012 PM 15056335 ER PT J AU Cordero, SC Goodhue, WW Splichal, EM Kalasinsky, VF AF Cordero, SC Goodhue, WW Splichal, EM Kalasinsky, VF TI A fatality due to ingestion of hydrofluoric acid SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pittsburgh 2002 Conference CY 2002 CL New Orleans, LA ID FLUORIDE C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Environm Toxicol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Kalasinsky, VF (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Environm Toxicol, 6825 16th St,NW Bldg 54, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM kalasinv@afip.osd.mil NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 28 IS 3 BP 211 EP 213 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 809XX UT WOS:000220670500011 PM 15107153 ER PT J AU Trevino, SF Mildner, DFR AF Trevino, SF Mildner, DFR TI Hot pressing of germanium monochromator crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON MONOCHROMATOR AB The method and parameters for vacuum hot pressing of single-crystal germanium, suitable for a large-area double-focusing neutron monochromator, are presented. The square virgin crystals have a mosaic that is less than 0.01degrees and isotropic. After appropriate pressing at high temperature ( 1073 K at a pressure of 10.7 MPa) the mosaic becomes anisotropic, about 0.5degrees in one direction and 0.2degrees in the other. The distribution of the mosaic widths of the crystals in the two directions are given, together with their composite values. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mildner, DFR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM david.mildner@nist.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2004 VL 37 BP 339 EP 340 DI 10.1107/S0021889804001785 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 802YN UT WOS:000220198900024 ER PT J AU Cooke, WH Ryan, KL Convertino, VA AF Cooke, WH Ryan, KL Convertino, VA TI Lower body negative pressure as a model to study progression to acute hemorrhagic shock in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE combat casualty care; simulated hemorrhage; central hypovolemia; autonomic cardiovascular regulation ID REGIONAL VASCULAR-RESPONSES; NERVE SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; CENTRAL VENOUS-PRESSURE; PLASMA-RENIN ACTIVITY; VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES; RELATIVE BRADYCARDIA; VASOPRESSIN RELEASE; BLOOD-VOLUME; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSE AB Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in both civilian and battlefield trauma. Survival rates increase when victims requiring immediate intervention are correctly identified in a mass-casualty situation, but methods of prioritizing casualties based on current triage algorithms are severely limited. Development of effective procedures to predict the magnitude of hemorrhage and the likelihood for progression to hemorrhagic shock must necessarily be based on carefully controlled human experimentation, but controlled study of severe hemorrhage in humans is not possible. It may be possible to simulate hemorrhage, as many of the physiological compensations to acute hemorrhage can be mimicked in the laboratory by applying negative pressure to the lower extremities. Lower body negative pressure ( LBNP) sequesters blood from the thorax into dependent regions of the pelvis and legs, effectively decreasing central blood volume in a similar fashion as acute hemorrhage. In this review, we compare physiological responses to hemorrhage and LBNP with particular emphasis on cardiovascular compensations that both share in common. Through evaluation of animal and human data, we present evidence that supports the hypothesis that LBNP, and resulting volume sequestration, is an effective technique to study physiological responses and mechanisms associated with acute hemorrhage in humans. Such experiments could lead to clinical algorithms that identify bleeding victims who will likely progress to hemorrhagic shock and require lifesaving intervention(s). C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cooke, WH (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bld 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM William.Cooke@amedd.army.mil NR 127 TC 183 Z9 187 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1249 EP 1261 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01155.2003 PG 13 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 801YE UT WOS:000220130400001 PM 15016789 ER PT J AU Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR AF Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR TI Use of the BACTEC 9240 system with mycosis-IC/F blood culture bottles for detection of fungemia - Authors' reply SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Horvath, LL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Lynn.Horvath@amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1855 EP 1856 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 814GK UT WOS:000220963000095 ER PT J AU Abbott, K Basta, E Bakris, GL AF Abbott, K Basta, E Bakris, GL TI Blood pressure control and nephroprotection in diabetes SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Clinical-Pharmacology CY SEP 21-23, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Coll Clin Pharmacol DE diabetes; nephropathy; hypertension; ACE inhibitors; angiotensin; receptor ID CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; ACE-INHIBITOR; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HEART-FAILURE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT; HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS AB Achievement of recommended levels of blood pressure as prescribed by guidelines (i.e., sytolic blood pressure of < 130 mmHg in people with nephropothy secondary to type 2 diabetes) generally requires three or more different antihypertensive agents that have complementary modes of action. This systolic goal blood pressure, recommended by generally all international guideline committees, was derived from largely observational studies demonstrating a greater reduction of cardiovascular risk and preservation of kidney function at these levels. Commonly used antihypertensive combinations include angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, which have compelling indicotions for use in people with kidney disease and/or diabetes, combined with a diuretic, generally a thiazide type agent. If additional therapy is required, either a beta-blacker or a calcium antagonist may be added to this antihypertensive "cocktail." Beta-blockers are particularlyeffective in people with a high sympathetic drive (i.e., high pulse rates) to lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovasculor risk. Moreover, in recent studies, their benefits on kidney function, both by reducing macroalbuminuria and slowing the decline of kidney function, make them good agents to add in the appropriate clinical setting. With all these potential benefits of achieving blood pressure goals, it is unfortunate that only 11% of people being treated for hypertension with diabetic kidney disease achieve the blood pressure goal of < 130 mmHg, likely contributing to the climbing incidence of people starting dialysis. Physicians need to work harder and educate patients on the importance of achieving these lower blood pressure guidelines. C1 Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hypertens Clin Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Bakris, GL (reprint author), Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hypertens Clin Res Ctr, 1700 W Van Buren St,Suite 470, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 44 IS 4 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1177/0091270004263046 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 805UD UT WOS:000220390300014 PM 15051752 ER PT J AU Brooks, MC Annable, MD Rao, PSC Hatfield, K Jawitz, JW Wise, WR Wood, AL Enfield, CG AF Brooks, MC Annable, MD Rao, PSC Hatfield, K Jawitz, JW Wise, WR Wood, AL Enfield, CG TI Controlled release, blind test of DNAPL remediation by ethanol flushing SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE cosolvent flushing; DNAPL; perchloroethylene; groundwater; site remediation; cosolvent recycling ID NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; POROUS-MEDIA; BEHAVIOR; REMOVAL; FLOODS; DENSE AB A dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone was established within a sheet-pile isolated cell through a controlled release of perchloroethylene (PCE) to evaluate DNAPL remediation by in-situ cosolvent flushing. Ethanol was used as the cosolvent, and the main remedial mechanism was enhanced dissolution based on the phase behavior of the water-ethanol-PCE system. Based on the knowledge of the actual PCE volume introduced into the cell, it was estimated that 83 L of PCE were present at the start of the test. Over a 40-day period, 64% of the PCE was removed by flushing the cell with an alcohol solution of approximately 70% ethanol and 30% water. High removal efficiencies at the end of the test indicated that more PCE could have been removed had it been possible to continue the demonstration. The ethanol solution extracted from the cell was recycled during the test using activated carbon and air stripping treatment. Both of these treatment processes were successful in removing PCE for recycling purposes, with minimal impact on the ethanol content in the treated fluids. Results from pre- and post-flushing partitioning tracer tests overestimated the treatment performance. However, both of these tracer tests missed significant amounts of the PCE present, likely due to inaccessibility of the PCE. The tracer results suggest that some PCE was inaccessible to the ethanol solution which led to the inefficient PCE removal rates observed. The flux-averaged aqueous PCE concentrations measured in the post-flushing tracer test were reduced by a factor of 3 to 4 in the extraction wells that showed the highest PCE removal compared to those concentrations in the pre-flushing tracer test. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Invest Sect, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. Univ Florida, Inter Disciplinary Program Hydrol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Brooks, MC (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Invest Sect, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. EM Michael.C.Brooks@saj02.usace.army.mil RI Jawitz, James/G-5819-2013 NR 25 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 281 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00158-X PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 808CE UT WOS:000220546400007 PM 15028395 ER PT J AU Torres, CP Apicella, MJ Yancich, PP Parker, MH AF Torres, CP Apicella, MJ Yancich, PP Parker, MH TI Intracanal placement of calcium hydroxide: A comparison of techniques, revisited SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ROOT AB The goal of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of three different placement techniques of calcium hydroxide paste in a curved canal. An acrylic resin block with a 44-degree curvature was instrumented to a #40 Flex-R file. The canal was filled with radiopaque calcium hydroxide paste using the following techniques: group 1, the paste was injected with an Ultradent tip; group 2, the paste was injected as in group 1 and followed by a size 35 Lentulo to working length; and group 3, the paste was placed with a size 35 Lentulo only, to working length. Each technique was performed 25 times. The radiodensity of the simulated canal was measured at 1, 3, 5, and 7 mm from the canal terminus. At 1 mm, the Lentulo was significantly better than the other two techniques. At 3 mm, the Lentulo technique and the combined technique were better than the Ultradent tip alone. C1 USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Prosthodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Torres, CP (reprint author), 6201 Kirkwall Rd, Fayettville, NC 28311 USA. EM craig.torres@ng.gmedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD APR PY 2004 VL 30 IS 4 BP 225 EP 227 DI 10.1097/00004770-200404000-00010 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 808CY UT WOS:000220548400009 PM 15085051 ER PT J AU Ressler, SJ Ressler, EK AF Ressler, SJ Ressler, EK TI Using a nationwide Internet-based bridge design contest as a vehicle for engineering outreach SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE bridge design; precollege outreach; Web-based contest AB The West Point Bridge Design Contest is a nationwide competition intended to increase middle school and high school students' interest in engineering. Unique among national engineering competitions, it entails no cost to participants, is entirely Internet-based, and is achievable by any student with a Web-enabled computer. By leveraging information technology, a project team of just three people has provided an engaging engineering design experience to over 30,000 students in the past two years. The project receives financial and promotional support from the American Society of Civil Engineers and private industry. Feedback from contestants and teachers indicates that students' interest in engineering is positively affected by their participation in the contest. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ressler, SJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM stephen.ressler@usma.edu; ressler@usma.edu NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ENGINEERING EDUCATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 N ST, N W, STE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1069-4730 J9 J ENG EDUC JI J. Eng. Educ. PD APR PY 2004 VL 93 IS 2 BP 117 EP 128 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 892DI UT WOS:000226629600006 ER PT J AU Qui, YQ Ku, CH Zappi, ME Fleming, EC AF Qui, YQ Ku, CH Zappi, ME Fleming, EC TI Ozonation of 2,6-, 3,4-, and 3,5-dichlorophenol isomers within aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE ozone; kinetics; wastewater treatment; ozonization ID DICHLOROPHENOLS; KINETICS; OZONE; CHLOROPHENOLS; DEGRADATION; MECHANISM; PRODUCTS AB The kinetics and mechanisms associated with the ozonation of 2,6-, 3,4-, and 3,5-dichlorophenols (DCPs) in aqueous solutions were studied. It was found that 2 moles of ozone are required for the initial degradation of 1 mole of DCP. The overall reaction between ozone and a DCP was found to be second order (first order per reactant). The overall reaction rate constants of all three DCPs increased with pH because of increased dissociation of the dichlorophenol molecules to dichlorophenoxide ions. Due to its high dissociation constant, 2,6-DCP is most reactive of the three with ozone with the overall reaction rate constants varying from 1.31 x 10(5) to 3.36X 10(5) M-1 s(-1) within the pH range of 2.0-4.0. Various chlorobenzenediols, chlorocyclohexadienediones, ketones, esters, and carboxylic acids were identified as intermediate and final ozonation products using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The initial electrophilic addition of ozone at the ortho and para positions of the molecular and ionic forms is proposed as the likely mechanism for DCP ozonation. C1 Mississippi State Univ, David C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Environm Technol Res & Applicat Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Zappi, ME (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, David C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Environm Technol Res & Applicat Lab, POB 9595, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM zappi@che.msstate.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 4 BP 408 EP 416 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:4(408) PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 807WO UT WOS:000220531800007 ER PT J AU Rinaldo, JE Berbano, E Dezee, K AF Rinaldo, JE Berbano, E Dezee, K TI Training general internists for international humanitarian assistance missions. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 12-15, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 816RA UT WOS:000221125800317 ER PT J AU Berbano, E Abbott, K O'Malley, P AF Berbano, E Abbott, K O'Malley, P TI Screening for chronic kidney disease with microalbumin in hypertensive patients: A cost-effectiveness analysis. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 12-15, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 208 EP 208 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 816RA UT WOS:000221125800780 ER PT J AU Berbano, E Jackson, JL Browning, R AF Berbano, E Jackson, JL Browning, R TI The impact of the Stanford Faculty Development Program on ambulatory teaching behaviors. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 12-15, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NNMC, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 221 EP 221 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 816RA UT WOS:000221125800838 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, E AF Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, E TI The impact of oral pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine on blood pressure: A meta-analysis and review of the literature. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 12-15, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 221 EP 221 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 816RA UT WOS:000221125800835 ER PT J AU Ettema, R Zabilansky, L AF Ettema, R Zabilansky, L TI Ice influences on channel stability: Insights from Missouri's Fort Peck reach SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE ice cover; channel stabilization; Missouri River; alluvial channels; aquatic habitats ID RIVER-ICE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; ALLUVIAL-CHANNEL; BREAKUP; CANADA; COVER; FLOW AB This paper presents insights from a comprehensive study of river ice influences on alluvial-channel bathymetry and stability. The study entailed unique wintertime fieldwork along the Fort Peck reach of the Missouri River. The insights show how ice formation, presence, and breakup can influence channel stability in several important ways, especially when channels must convey substantial water flow during winter. Ice may hasten the migration of channel bends, cause transient scour and sediment deposition during winter, and induce cyclic shifts of flow thalweg through sinuous-braided subreaches. The insights are of direct significance for engineering activities along the Missouri's Fort Peck reach and other alluvial channels subject to frigid winters. They also are significant for understanding the frigid-winter habitat of aquatic life in such channels. C1 Univ Iowa, Iowa Inst Hydraul Res Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ettema, R (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Iowa Inst Hydraul Res Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM robert-ettema@uiowa.edu; ljzab@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 4 BP 279 EP 292 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:4(279) PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 808MA UT WOS:000220572000001 ER PT J AU Ruthel, G Ribot, WJ Bavari, S Hoover, TA AF Ruthel, G Ribot, WJ Bavari, S Hoover, TA TI Time-lapse confocal imaging of development of Bacillus anthracis in macrophages SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Anthrax CY MAR 31, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE ID PATHOGENESIS; SPORES; MICE AB Macrophages attempt to battle infection with Bacillus anthracis spores by phagocytosis of the spores. However, it is believed that B. anthracis spores may survive phagocytosis and may actually use the macrophages that ingest them as a means of transport to lymph nodes. Thus far, the events that occur after spores undergo phagocytosis have remained unclear. To elucidate the fate of spores internalized by macrophages, we have used time-lapse confocal microscopy to follow individual fluorescent spores over time. By use of this method, we have determined that some phagocytized spores survive beyond germination, to become bacilli that then replicate within the macrophages. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Clin Res Management, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ruthel, G (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM gordon.ruthel@amedd.army.mil; timothy.hoover@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 7 BP 1313 EP 1316 DI 10.1086/382656 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 805AC UT WOS:000220338200024 PM 15031802 ER PT J AU East, EW Kirby, JG Perez, G AF East, EW Kirby, JG Perez, G TI Improved design review through web collaboration SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Internet; economic analysis; design; reviews; US Army Corps of Engineers AB An in-depth analysis of the impact of Web collaboration has shown that it is a very effective medium for conducting design reviews and offers many benefits over traditional manual methods of comment collection and resolution. Findings from two federal agencies have shown a significant reduction in both the time required to conduct a design review and the number of required participating parties. An economic analysis of the impact of Web collaboration on the design review process done for U.S. Corps of Engineers projects indicates that using the Web for design review collaboration provides a 73 % savings in meeting time and travel cost. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. PERTAN Grp, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP East, EW (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(2004)20:2(51) PG 5 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 914RL UT WOS:000228245200003 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN TI Atomistic simulations of the solubilization of single-walled carbon nanotubes in toluene SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORCE-FIELD; SELECTIVE INTERACTION; CONJUGATED POLYMER; ORGANIC POLYMER; COMPOSITE; ENTROPY; COMPASS; BENZENE AB Solubilization of the armchair, metallic (10,10) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in toluene is modeled using molecular dynamics simulations. Inter- and intra-molecular atomic interactions in the SWCNT + toluene system are represented using COMPASS (Condensed-phased Optimized Molecular Potential for Atomistic Simulation Studies), the first ab initio forcefield that enables an accurate and simultaneous prediction of various gas-phase and condensed-phase properties of organic and inorganic materials. The results obtained show that due to a significant drop in the configurational entropy of toluene, the solvation Gibbs free energy for these nanotubes in toluene is small but positive suggesting that a suspension of these nanotubes in toluene is not stable and that the nanotubes would fall out of the solution. This prediction is consistent with experimental observations. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 7 BP 2315 EP 2325 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000019992.56323.4a PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 803SL UT WOS:000220250700004 ER PT J AU Weddle, KJ AF Weddle, KJ TI "The magic touch of reform": Samuel Francis Du Pont and the efficiency board of 1855 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Review AB By the mid-nineteenth century the United States Navy's personnel system based entirely on seniority had created an officer corps filled with many old, infirm, and incompetent men, while blocking the promotion of many deserving officers. Commander Samuel Francis Du Pont, along with several other political and military leaders, was instrumental in achieving significant personnel reform that temporarily broke the promotion logjam by removing much of the deadwood from the naval officer corps. This article draws upon previously neglected material to provide a fresh look at Du Pont's role in the work of the United States Navy's Efficiency Board of 1855. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Weddle, KJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 122 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2004 VL 68 IS 2 BP 471 EP 504 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0080 PG 34 WC History SC History GA 809NJ UT WOS:000220643100004 ER PT J AU Aimone, AC AF Aimone, AC TI The United States Army: A historical dictionary. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad Lib, W Point, NY USA. RP Aimone, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad Lib, W Point, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2004 VL 68 IS 2 BP 666 EP 667 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0004 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 809NJ UT WOS:000220643100085 ER PT J AU Rusnak, J Boudreau, E Bozue, J Petitt, P Ranadive, M Kortepeter, M AF Rusnak, J Boudreau, E Bozue, J Petitt, P Ranadive, M Kortepeter, M TI An unusual inhalational exposure to Bacillus anthracis in a research laboratory SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID VACCINE C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rusnak, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 4 BP 313 EP 314 DI 10.1067/01.jom.0000121121.67349.03 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811GL UT WOS:000220760300001 PM 15076646 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Jimenez, DL Smith, B Gray, GC Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Hyams, KC Ryan, MAK AF Smith, TC Jimenez, DL Smith, B Gray, GC Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Hyams, KC Ryan, MAK TI The postwar hospitalization experience of gulf war veterans participating in US health registries SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; PERSIAN-GULF; DESERT-STORM; UNEXPLAINED ILLNESSES; MILITARY PERSONNEL; ASSOCIATION; SERVICE; DEPLOYMENT; MORTALITY AB In response to concerns that W War veterans were experiencing increased morbidity resulting from wartime exposures in the Gulf War, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense (DoD) initiated clinical registries to provide systematic health evaluations for self-referred Gulf War veterans. The authors used Cox proportional hazard modeling with data from all DoD hospitals to estimate the probability of hospitalization resulting from any cause, resulting from diagnosis in a major diagnostic category, and resulting from a specific diagnosis of interest After adjusting for other risk factors, registry participants were 1.43 times more likely to have a postwar hospitalization than registry nonparticipants (95% confidence interval, 1.40-1.46). These findings support the hypothesis that registry participants were more likely to experience postwar morbidity than veterans who chose not to enroll in the health registries. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Washington, DC USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Off Publ Hlth & Environm Hazards, Washington, DC USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Smith@nhrc.navy.mil NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 4 BP 386 EP 397 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000121126.49292.69 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811GL UT WOS:000220760300011 PM 15076657 ER PT J AU Boissonnault, W Bryan, JM Fox, KJ AF Boissonnault, W Bryan, JM Fox, KJ TI Joint manipulation curricula in physical therapist professional degree programs SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE curriculum; manipulation; manual therapy; physical therapy education ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CERVICAL-SPINE; GENERAL-PRACTITIONER; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MANUAL THERAPY; MOBILIZATION; EDUCATION; EXERCISE AB Study Design: Descriptive observational survey. Objective: To describe the status of joint manipulation curricula within physical therapist professional degree programs in the United States, Background: Studies have described the evolution of manual therapy curricula, including spinal and extremity joint mobilization, in physical therapist professional programs, but minimal information exists related to joint manipulation curricula. Methods and Measures: Primary faculty members responsible for teaching manual therapy curricular content at the 199 physical therapist professional degree programs located in the United States recognized by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education were asked to participate in this project. The survey documented joint manipulation curricula, faculty qualifications, attitudes and experience, and programs' future plans for teaching manipulation. Results: Of the 116 programs responding to our survey, 87 (75%) currently include joint manipulation in their curriculum or plan to soon include such content in their curriculum. Of the programs currently teaching joint manipulation, 75%, taught it as part of a required integrated clinical science course. Faculty teaching manipulation content appear to be well qualified and are in clinical practice an average of 12 hours per week. The programs currently not teaching joint manipulation reported reasons, including belief that it was not an entry-level skill (45%), lack of time (26%,), lack of qualified faculty (7%), and perceived lack of scientific evidence regarding efficacy (7%,). Conclusions: Of the responding professional degree programs, 75% are either currently teaching joint manipulation or soon plan to do so. Our research may serve is a benchmark for faculty to assess existing manual therapy curricula and as a guide for developing curricula in new or existing physical therapy programs. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Program Phys Therapy, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Sch Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. Agnesian Hlth Care, Fond Du Lac, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Program Phys Therapy, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Boissonnault, W (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Program Phys Therapy, 1300 Univ Ave,MSC Bldg,Room 5190, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM boiss@surgery.wisc.edu NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2004 VL 34 IS 4 BP 171 EP 178 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 811SH UT WOS:000220791100002 PM 15128186 ER PT J AU Goss, DL Moore, JH Thomas, DB DeBerardino, TM AF Goss, DL Moore, JH Thomas, DB DeBerardino, TM TI Identification of a fibular fracture in an intercollegiate football player in a physical therapy setting SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID OTTAWA ANKLE RULES; CLINICAL DECISION RULES; SPORTS-MEDICINE CENTER; DIRECT ACCESS; X-RAYS; IMPLEMENTATION; RADIOGRAPHY; INJURIES; EMERGENCY; NEED C1 Patch Hlth Clin, Phys Therapy Serv, Stuttgart, Germany. Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Phys Therapy Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY USA. RP Goss, DL (reprint author), CMR 480,Box 573, APO, AE 01928 USA. EM Donald.goss@us.army.mil OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2004 VL 34 IS 4 BP 182 EP 186 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 811SH UT WOS:000220791100005 PM 15128187 ER PT J AU Ressler, SJ AF Ressler, SJ TI Whither the chalkboard? Case for a low-tech tool in a high-tech world SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ressler, SJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Stephen.Ressler@usma.edu NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD APR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 2 BP 71 EP 73 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2004)130:2(71) PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 808LY UT WOS:000220571800001 ER PT J AU Summers, V Molis, MR AF Summers, V Molis, MR TI Speech recognition in fluctuating and continuous maskers: Effects of hearing loss and presentation level SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE speech recognition; fluctuating masker; hearing impaired; reversed speech masker; informational masking ID AMPLITUDE-MODULATED NOISE; RECEPTION THRESHOLD; ELDERLY LISTENERS; BASILAR-MEMBRANE; IMPAIRED HEARING; MASKING RELEASE; AUDITORY-NERVE; INTELLIGIBILITY; NONLINEARITY; BACKGROUNDS AB Listeners with normal-hearing sensitivity recognize speech more accurately in the presence of fluctuating background sounds, such as a single competing voice, than in unmodulated noise at the some overall level. These performance differences are greatly reduced in listeners with hearing impairment, who generally receive little benefit from fluctuations in masker envelopes. if this lack of benefit is entirely due to elevated quiet thresholds and the resulting inaudibility of low-amplitude portions of signal + masker, then listeners with hearing impairment should derive increasing benefit from masker fluctuations as presentation levels increase. Listeners with normal-hearing (NH) sensitivity and listeners with hearing impairment (HI) were tested for sentence recognition at moderate and high presentation levels in competing speech-shaped noise, in competing speech by a single talker, and in competing time-reversed speech by the same talker. NH listeners showed more accurate recognition at moderate than at high levels and better performance in fluctuating maskers than in unmodulated noise. For these listeners, modulated versus unmodulated performance differences tended to decrease at high presentation levels. Listeners with HI, as a group, showed performance that was more similar across maskers and presentation levels. Considered individually, only 2 out of 6 listeners with HI showed better overall performance and increasing benefit from masker fluctuations as presentation level increased. These results suggest that audibility alone does not completely account for the group differences in performance with fluctuating suprathreshold processing differences between groups also appear to play an important role. Competing speech frequently provided more effective masking than time-reversed speech containing temporal fluctuations of equal magnitude. This finding is consistent with "informational" masking resulting from competitive processing of words and phrases within the speech masker that would not occur for time-reversed sentences. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Summers, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM walter.summers@na.amedd.army.mil FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC03553] NR 38 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 47 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/020) PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 970DL UT WOS:000232285300001 PM 15157127 ER PT J AU Shoop, S Blaisdell, G AF Shoop, S Blaisdell, G TI Best papers from the 14th International Conference of the ISTVS SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Army Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Natl Sci Fdn, Off Polar Program, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. RP Shoop, S (reprint author), US Army Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM sally.a.shoop@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR-JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 69 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.05.001 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 841KQ UT WOS:000222929100001 ER PT J AU Liston, RA AF Liston, RA TI 2002 St. Christopher lecture SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Liston, RA (reprint author), USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR-JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 73 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.02.008 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 841KQ UT WOS:000222929100002 ER PT J AU Peekna, A Pickens, JL Priddy, JD Horner, DA AF Peekna, A Pickens, JL Priddy, JD Horner, DA TI Triaxial-in-a-plane soil stress gage for vehicle mobility applications SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference of the International-Society-of-Terrain-Vehicle-Systerms (ISTVS) CY OCT 17-30, 2002 CL Vicksburg, MS SP Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE soil stress gage; triaxial stress gage; in situ soil; stress gage placement; coupling to soil; stress components; registration ratios; vehicle mobility AB The approach used here consists of an axisymmetric gage with a tapered exterior. Raw outputs are normal stress in three directions in the plane perpendicular to the gage axis of symmetry. From these outputs, the time history of the complete state of stress in this plane can be determined. Of special interest is the plane of symmetry which is the vertical plane centered on one side of a wheeled or tracked vehicle proceeding in a straight line. The gage was placed from a berm on the side of the vehicle path, approximately 4 ft horizontally and at approximately 9 in. below the ground surface. Test vehicles were a 4 x 4 wheeled vehicle and a M113A2 armored personnel carrier. The measured stress results are largely consistent with expectations. (C) 2004 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Innovat Mech Inc, Waterford, WI 53185 USA. Pick Associates, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Peekna, A (reprint author), Innovat Mech Inc, 5908 N River Bay Rd, Waterford, WI 53185 USA. EM innmech@wi.rr.com; jody.d.priddy@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR-JUL PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2-3 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.02.003 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 841KQ UT WOS:000222929100007 ER PT J AU Summers, V AF Summers, V TI Do tests for cochlear dead regions provide important information for fitting hearing aids? (L) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Convention of the American-Academy-of-Audiology CY APR, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Acad Audiol ID ARTICULATION INDEX PREDICTIONS; IMPAIRED LISTENERS; INTELLIGIBILITY; PEOPLE; SPEECH AB For listeners with cochlear hearing loss, cochlear damage may include "dead regions" with no functioning inner hair cells and/or associated neurons. Recent studies indicate that amplifying frequencies more than 1.7 times the edge frequency (1.7F(e)) of a high-frequency dead region is unlikely to improve (and may reduce) speech scores [Vickers et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1164-1175 (2001); Baer et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 1133-1144 (2002)]. These results were taken as evidence that tests to identify dead regions could improve hearing aid fitting. In the current study, practicing audiologists examined audiograms of listeners diagnosed as having high-frequency dead regions. The audiologists were given no specific information regarding dead regions for any individual, and were asked to base amplification decisions entirely on the audiograms. Most audiologists did not recommend amplification of frequencies with hearing losses exceeding 90 dB HL. Reexamination of speech results reported by Vickers et al. and Baer et al. indicated that limiting amplification based on audiograms alone (90-dB rule) or on specific testing for dead regions (1.7F(e), rule) produced similar performance. Thus, testing for dead regions may not provide important information for hearing aid fitting that is not already available in the audiogram. 0 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Summers, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM walter.summers@na.amedd.army.mil FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 03553] NR 5 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD APR PY 2004 VL 115 IS 4 BP 1420 EP 1423 DI 10.1121/1.1649931 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 809ZR UT WOS:000220675100005 PM 15101618 ER PT J AU Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Pruden, A Yang, CP Alonso, C Kim, BJ Kim, BR AF Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Pruden, A Yang, CP Alonso, C Kim, BJ Kim, BR TI Effect of substrate Henry's constant on biofilter performance SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TRICKLE-BED BIOFILTERS; VOC REMOVAL; MODEL; DENITRIFICATION; BIODEGRADATION; STRATEGIES; EFFICIENT; PHASE AB Butanol, ether, toluene, and hexane, which have Henry's constants ranging from 0.0005 to 53, were used to investigate the effects of substrate solubility or availability on the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in trickle-bed biofilters. Results from this study suggest that, although removal of a VOC generally increases with a decrease in its Henry's constant, an optimal Henry's constant range for biofiltration may exist. For the treatment of VOCs with high Henry's constant values, such as hexane and toluene, the transfer of VOCs between the vapor and liquid phases or between the vapor phase and the biofilm is a rate-determining step. However, oxygen (O-2) transfer may become a rate-limiting step in treating VOCs with low Henry's constants, such as butanol, especially at high organic loadings. The results demonstrated that in a gas-phase aerobic biofilter, nitrate can serve both as a growth-controlling nutrient and as an electron acceptor in a biofilm for the respiration of VOCs with low Henry's constants. Microbial communities within the biofilters were examined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to provide a more complete picture of the effect of O-2 limitation and denitrification on biofilter performance. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL USA. Ford Res & Adv Engn, Phys & Environm Sci Dept, Dearborn, MI USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM makram.suidan@uc.edu RI Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010; OI Yang, Chunping/0000-0003-3987-2722 NR 27 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 14 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 54 IS 4 BP 409 EP 418 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 809NL UT WOS:000220643300005 PM 15115369 ER PT J AU Regan, TD Norton, SA AF Regan, TD Norton, SA TI The scarring mechanism of smallpox SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Smallpox is notorious for leaving its survivors with disfiguring scars, but it is unclear how these scars are produced. Modern dermatopathology textbooks report that smallpox produced epidermal lesions, yet the process of scarring requires dermal involvement. Objectives: Our goal was to uncover past theories on the mechanism of smallpox scarring. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of English-language textbooks and English-translations of textbooks in general medicine, dermatology, pathology, and dermatopathology from the past 150 years as well as relevant journal publications for the same time period. Results: We identified five different theories to explain the scarring of smallpox. The five proposals are that scarring resulted from: the extension of suppuration into the dermis; the extension of suppuration into the dermis along with inappropriate treatment and scratching; secondary bacterial ecthyma; the destruction of elastic fibers; or the destruction of sebaceous glands. Conclusion: The theory that best fits clinical and histological observations is that smallpox caused scars through the destruction of sebaceous glands, first proposed by Gerrit Bras in 1952. Although this explanation is not found in any dermatopathology text, it is supported by today's leading authorities on smallpox. However, since variola virions have never actually been identified in sebaceous glands, or even in the dermis, further study of preserved tissue is warranted. Until then, the mechanism of scar formation remains speculative. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Scott.Norton@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 4 BP 591 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2003.10.672 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 808CU UT WOS:000220548000009 PM 15034509 ER PT J AU Pinholt, EM Lee, J Butler, J AF Pinholt, EM Lee, J Butler, J TI There is no place like home: A structured approach for teaching geriatrics during home visits after a fall. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 17-21, 2004 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Retirement Home W, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 SU S MA P480 BP S181 EP S181 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 813HV UT WOS:000220899100525 ER PT J AU Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL Boitnott, R McEntire, J Lewis, A AF Jackson, KE Fasanella, EL Boitnott, R McEntire, J Lewis, A TI Occupant responses in a full-scale crash test of the Sikorsky ACAP helicopter SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A full-scale crash test of the Sikorsky Advanced Composite Airframe Program (ACAP) helicopter was performed in 1999 to generate experimental data for correlation with a crash simulation developed using an explicit nonlinear, transient dynamic finite element code. The airframe was the residual flight test hardware from the ACAP program. For the test, the aircraft was outfitted with two crew and two troop seats, and four anthropomorphic test dummies. While the results of the impact test and crash simulation have been documented fairly extensively in the literature, the focus of this paper is to present the detailed occupant response data obtained from the crash test and to correlate the results with injury prediction models. These injury models include the Dynamic Response Index (DRI), the Head Injury Criteria (HIC), the spinal load requirement defined in FAR Part 27.562(c), and a comparison of the duration and magnitude of the occupant vertical acceleration responses with the Eiband whole-body acceleration tolerance curve. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Jackson, KE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 127 EP 139 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 818HB UT WOS:000221235100004 ER PT J AU Fasanella, EL Jackson, KE AF Fasanella, EL Jackson, KE TI Impact testing and simulation of a crashworthy composite fuselage section with energy-absorbing seats and dummies SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY JUN 11-13, 2002 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB A 25-ft/s vertical drop test of a composite fuselage section was conducted with two energy-absorbing seats occupied by anthropomorphic dummies to evaluate the crashworthy features of the fuselage section and to determine its interaction with the seats and dummies. The 5-ft. diameter fuselage section consists of a stiff structural floor and an energy-absorbing subfloor constructed of Rohacel foam blocks. The experimental data from this test were analyzed and correlated with predictions from a crash simulation developed using the nonlinear, explicit transient dynamic computer code, MSC.Dytran. The anthropomorphic dummies were simulated using the Articulated Total Body (ATB) code, which is integrated into MSC.Dytran. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. RP Fasanella, EL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 140 EP 148 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 818HB UT WOS:000221235100005 ER PT J AU Brown, TPL Cancio, LC McManus, AT Mason, AD AF Brown, TPL Cancio, LC McManus, AT Mason, AD TI Survival benefit conferred by topical antimicrobial preparations in burn patients: A historical perspective SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australia-New-Zealand-Burn-Association CY OCT 22, 2002 CL Auckland, NEW ZEALAND SP Australian & New Zealand Burns Assoc DE burns; wound infection; survival rate; mafenide; disaster planning; military medicine ID MAFENIDE ACETATE; WOUND SEPSIS; INFECTION AB Background. Topical antimicrobial agents have proven efficacy in preventing life-threatening invasive burn wound infection. Under wartime or mass-casualty conditions, however, there may be an inadequate supply of these agents. This study aimed to identify those patients most likely to benefit there from. Methods: Logistical regression analysis of data from the U.S. Army Burn Center was performed. Mortality data for the period immediately preceding the introduction of topical mafenide acetate (MA) (1950-1963) were compared with data for the subsequent-period (1964-1968). During the second period, MA was routinely applied but treatment was otherwise similar. The mortality decrement attributed to MA was determined for various ages and burn sizes. Results: For patients of combatant age (20-50 years), MA was associated with a greater than 10% reduction in mortality for those with burns of 40-79% of the total body surface area (TBSA). Only a minimal effect on mortality was noted for those patients with burns smaller than 40% or greater than 79%. Conclusions. When resources are limited, topical therapy (specifically, MA) is likely to confer the greatest survival benefit for combatants with burns of 4079% TBSA. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Middlemore Hosp, Burns Unit, Auckland 6, New Zealand. RP Brown, TPL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Bldg 3611,3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD APR PY 2004 VL 56 IS 4 BP 863 EP 866 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000044565.69410.95 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 818TZ UT WOS:000221268700028 PM 15187754 ER PT J AU Hick, EJ Morey, AF AF Hick, EJ Morey, AF TI Initial experience with fibrin sealant in pendulous urethral reconstruction. is early catheter removal possible? SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra; urethral stricture; fibrin tissue adhesive; catheterization ID CLOSURE; REPAIR; GLUE AB Purpose: We assessed whether fibrin sealant promotes early catheter removal after pendulous urethral reconstruction. Materials and Methods: Between 1997 and 2003, 43 men with complex stricture disease underwent pendulous urethral reconstruction by a single surgeon (AFM). In 18 consecutive cases with a mean stricture length of 7.24 cm from 2000 to 2003 fibrin sealant was applied over a ventral onlay anastomosis performed with running 5-zero polydiaxanone suture. Results were compared with those in 25 men who underwent the procedure without fibrin sealant from 1997 to 2000, who served as a control group (mean stricture length 8.30 cm, p=0.418). Catheter duration was recorded after anastomosis integrity was radiographically confirmed. Results: All 18 patients with sealant were completely healed within 14 days, which was significantly shorter than in controls (p<0.001). In the sealant group increased stricture length was associated with longer catheter time (p=0.677). Our impressions were that patient satisfaction was enhanced by early catheter removal, and postoperative penile edema and ecchymosis were decreased in the fibrin sealant group. Conclusions: Fibrin sealant appears to promote early catheter removal and enhanced wound healing after pendulous urethral reconstruction. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 171 IS 4 BP 1547 EP 1549 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000118372.55710.dc PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 805IY UT WOS:000220361200036 PM 15017217 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI No greater glory: The four immortal chaplains and the sinking of the Dorchester in World War II. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 6 BP 107 EP 107 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 807MD UT WOS:000220504700127 ER PT J AU Earthman, JC Angeles, J Markov, V Trolinger, J Moffatt, JG AF Earthman, JC Angeles, J Markov, V Trolinger, J Moffatt, JG TI Scattered light scanning for fatigue damage precursor detection on turbine components SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE fatigue precursors; optical detection; laser diagnostics; grain boundary deformation; scattered light scanning; superalloys; turbine components ID RESIDUAL-STRESS STATE; MATRIX COMPOSITE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STEEL; CORROSION AB A laser scanning technique was developed to monitor in situ surface damage on nickel based superalloy turbine components under low cycle fatigue conditions. This technique characterizes a surface state using a discontinuity frequency parameter that was designed to minimize memory requirements; and data processing time. As a result, the present technique is capable of scanning speeds that are substantially greater than those achieved with image processing methods. Sections of turbine rotors made of a nickel based superalloy were tested using a servohydraulic machine at ambient temperatures under load control conditions. The fatigue damage was monitored by scanning a laser beam along the rotor section in situ and during periodic interruptions of the cyclic loading. Acetate replicas of the gage section surface were also made to examine the surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy. Comparisons of the results demonstrate the capabilities of the present light scanning technique for characterizing fatigue damage precursors on the surface of turbine components. In particular, a rapid rise in the mean discontinuity frequency is shown to correspond to surface relief features that correspond to grain boundaries that intersect the surface in the areas of greatest stress. The presence of this surface relief can be attributed to the presence of relatively soft precipitate free zones along the grain boundaries that preferentially deform under fatigue loading conditions, leading to the formation of microcracks. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Metrolaser Inc, Irvine, CA 92614 USA. USA, Aviat & Missle Command, Technol Directorate, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. RP Earthman, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM earthman@uci.edu NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD APR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 4 BP 460 EP 465 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 810DE UT WOS:000220684200005 ER PT J AU Glassman, PA Tanielian, T Harris, K Suarez, A Bradley, M Atkinson, SW Davies, W Williams, T AF Glassman, PA Tanielian, T Harris, K Suarez, A Bradley, M Atkinson, SW Davies, W Williams, T TI Provider perceptions of pharmacy management - Lessons from the military health system SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE survey research; pharmacy benefits; physician attitudes; pharmaceutical care; formulary decision-making AB Objective: The objective of this study was to contrast experiences and opinion of providers in military treatment facilities, where a single formulary is used, with those of community providers where multiple formularies and preferred lists are commonly encountered. Study Design: We conducted cross-sectional surveys. Setting: The study was conducted at military and community practices that serve military beneficiaries. Participants: We studied randomly selected clinicians, stratified by military treatment facility (MTF) size or number of military beneficiaries served. The final samples included 566 eligible MTF and 557 private clinicians, with 69% and 38% response rates, respectively. Outcome Measures: We wanted to determine experiences with and opinions of formularies and/or preferred lists and related policies. Results: Sixty-three percent of military providers were very familiar with formulary content and 60% with nonformulary request procedures; 67% thought their formulary was up-to-date and 84% felt Pharmacy & Therapeutics (P&T) committees were responsive to providers. In contrast, 23% of community providers felt very familiar with (multiple) formulary content and 10% with nonformulary request procedures. Only 15% perceived that formularies were current and 34% thought P&T committees were responsive to providers. Statistically significant differences remained after analysis of potential bias. Conclusions: Community providers were less aware and less satisfied with pharmacy benefits management policies than military providers, likely as a result of their daily interactions with multiple, unrelated pharmacy management systems. Addressing the problems expressed by community providers is imperative for pharmacy benefits managers. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. SAMHSA, Off Appl Studies, Rockville, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. TRICARE Management Act, Pharm Program, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Glassman, PA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, 111G,W Los Angeles Campus,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM Peter.Glassman@med.va.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 361 EP 366 DI 10.1097/01.mlr.0000118862.92043.9b PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 807BA UT WOS:000220475800009 PM 15076813 ER PT J AU Kraemer, WJ Nindl, BC Ratamess, NA Gotshalk, LA Volek, JS Fleck, SJ Newton, RU Hakkinen, K AF Kraemer, WJ Nindl, BC Ratamess, NA Gotshalk, LA Volek, JS Fleck, SJ Newton, RU Hakkinen, K TI Changes in muscle hypertrophy in women with periodized resistance training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE women's health; MRI; periodization; physical performance; progressive overload; weight training ID BODY-COMPOSITION CHANGES; YOUNG-WOMEN; STRENGTH; ADAPTATIONS; PERFORMANCE; PLAYERS; INCREASES; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE; DENSITY AB Purpose: Adaptations of arm and thigh muscle hypertrophy to different long-term periodized resistance training programs and the influence of upper body resistance training were examined. Methods: Eighty-five untrained women (mean age = 23.1 +/- 3.5 yr) started in one of the following groups: total-body training [TP, N = 18 (3-8 RM training range) and TH, N = 21 (8-12 RM training range)], upper-body training [UP, N = 21 (3-8 RM training range) and UH, N = 19, (8-12 RM training range)], or a control group (CON, N = 6). Training took place on three alternating days per week for 24 wk. Assessments of body composition, muscular performance, and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were determined pretraining (T1), and after 12 (T2) and 24 wk (T3) of training. Results: Arm CSA increased at T2 (similar to11%) and T3 (similar to6%) in all training groups and thigh CSA increased at T2 (similar to3%) and T3 (similar to4.5%) only in TP and TH. Squat one-repetition maximum (1 RM) increased at T2 (similar to24%) and T3 (similar to11.5%) only in TP and TH and all training groups increased 1 RM bench press at T2 (similar to16.5%) and T3 (similar to12.4%). Peak power produced during loaded jump squats increased from T1 to T3 only in TP (12%) and TH (7%). Peak power during the ballistic bench press increased at T2 only in TP and increased from T1 to T3 in all training groups. Conclusions: Training specificity was supported (as sole upper-body training did not influence lower-body musculature) along with the inclusion of heavier loading ranges in a periodized resistance-training program. This may be advantageous in a total conditioning program directed at development of muscle tissue mass in young women. C1 Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Dept Kinesiol, Dept Physiol & Neurobiol, Storrs, CT USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Coll New Jersey, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Ewing, NJ USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Hlth & Phys Educ, Hilo, HI USA. Colorado Coll, Dept Sport Sci, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Biomed & Sports Sci, Joondalup, WA, Australia. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol Phys Activ, SF-40100 Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Kraemer, WJ (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Dept Kinesiol, Unit 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM William.Kraemer@.uconn.edu RI Newton, Robert/A-3466-2009 OI Newton, Robert/0000-0003-0302-6129 NR 31 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 36 IS 4 BP 697 EP 708 DI 10.1249/01.MSS.0000122734.25411.CF PG 12 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 810NU UT WOS:000220711800019 PM 15064598 ER PT J AU Joseph, HJ Hickey, JR AF Joseph, HJ Hickey, JR TI Prostate cancer screening among military service members SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual Pacific Nursing Research Conference CY MAR, 2003 CL Honolulu, HI AB This retrospective study investigated the characteristic of military male beneficiaries age 50 years and older who were screened for prostate cancer at a medical center in the Pacific Regional Command. Data were collected on male patients who were seen in three adult outpatient clinics from December 1999 through November 2001. Two research questions were asked: What are the characteristics of men age 50 and older who were screened for prostate cancer? Are there variations in prostate cancer screening based on age, ethnicity, and military status? Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The sample was predominantly Caucasian and Asian/Pacific Islander who were over age 67. Although there was evidence of screening in 68% of the sample, 13% of the men had been screened according to the American Cancer Society's recommendations. The findings support the need for a prostate cancer screening policy for the Department of Defense. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. AMEDD Ctr & Sch, Clin Informat Syst, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Joseph, HJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, TAMC, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 4 BP 257 EP 260 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IT UT WOS:000235829500002 PM 15132224 ER PT J AU Reece, WHH Pinder, M Gothard, PK Milligan, P Bojang, K Doherty, T Plebanski, M Akinwunmi, P Everaere, S Watkins, KR Voss, G Tornieporth, N Alloueche, A Greenwood, BM Kester, KE McAdam, KPWJ Cohen, J Hill, AVS AF Reece, WHH Pinder, M Gothard, PK Milligan, P Bojang, K Doherty, T Plebanski, M Akinwunmi, P Everaere, S Watkins, KR Voss, G Tornieporth, N Alloueche, A Greenwood, BM Kester, KE McAdam, KPWJ Cohen, J Hill, AVS TI A CD4(+) T-cell immune response to a conserved epitope in the circumsporozoite protein correlates with protection from natural Plasmodium falciparum infection and disease SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; MALARIA VACCINE; EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS; IFN-GAMMA; EFFICACY; LYMPHOCYTES; DISTINCT; SUBSETS; RTS,S/AS02; ANTIBODIES AB Many human T-cell responses specific for epitopes in Plasmodium falciparum have been described, but none has yet been shown to be predictive of protection against natural malaria infection(1). Here we report a peptide-specific T-cell assay that is strongly associated with protection of humans in The Gambia, West Africa, from both malaria infection and disease. The assay detects interferon-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells specific for a conserved sequence from the circumsporozoite protein, which binds to many human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR types(2). The correlation was observed using a cultured, rather than an ex vivo, ELISPOT assay that measures central memory-type T cells rather than activated effector T cells(3,4). These findings provide direct evidence for a protective role for CD4(+) T cells in humans, and a precise target for the design of improved vaccines against P. falciparum. C1 Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. MRC Labs, Fajara, Gambia. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium. Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hill, AVS (reprint author), Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. EM Adrian.Hill@ndm.ox.ac.uk RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Milligan, Paul/D-8985-2017 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Milligan, Paul/0000-0003-3430-3395 NR 29 TC 181 Z9 187 U1 3 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 BP 406 EP 410 DI 10.1038/nm1009 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 808RU UT WOS:000220587000033 PM 15034567 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Yurgelun-Todd, DA AF Killgore, WDS Yurgelun-Todd, DA TI Activation of the amygdala and interior cingulate during nonconscious processing of sad versus happy faces SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE fMRI; neuroimaging; faces; emotion; affect; amygdala; sadness; happiness; limbic system; backward masking ID EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; FEAR-RELEVANT STIMULI; CONDITIONED ELECTRODERMAL RESPONSES; SKIN-CONDUCTANCE RESPONSES; BACKWARD-MASKING; NEURAL RESPONSES; WORKING-MEMORY; FMRI; RECOGNITION; PERCEPTION AB Previous functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that the amygdala activates in response to fearful faces presented below the threshold of conscious visual perception. Using a backward masking procedure similar to that of previous studies, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the amygdala and anterior cingulate gyrus during preattentive presentations of sad and happy facial affect. Twelve healthy adult females underwent blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI while viewing sad and happy faces, each presented for 20 ins and "masked" immediately by a neutral face for 100 ms. Masked happy faces were associated with significant bilateral activation within the anterior cingulate gyrus and amygdala, whereas masked sadness yielded only limited activation within the left anterior cingulate gyros. In a direct comparison, masked happy faces yielded significantly greater activation in the anterior cingulate and amygdala relative to identically masked sad faces. Conjunction analysis showed that masked affect perception, regardless of emotional valence, was associated with greater activation within the left amygdala and left anterior cingulate. Findings suggest that the amygdala and anterior cingulate are important components of a network involved in detecting and discriminating affective information presented below the normal threshold of conscious visual perception. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, McLean Hosp, Cognit Neuroimaging Lab, Belmont, MA 02478 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neuropsychiat, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.d.killgore@us.army.mil FU NICHD NIH HHS [1 R03 HD41542-01] NR 44 TC 184 Z9 206 U1 8 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD APR PY 2004 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1215 EP 1223 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.033 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 810SL UT WOS:000220723900003 PM 15050549 ER PT J AU Singh, H O'Boyle, MW AF Singh, H O'Boyle, MW TI Interhemispheric interaction during global-local processing in mathematically gifted adolescents, average-ability youth, and college students SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIGHT-HEMISPHERE INVOLVEMENT; CORPUS-CALLOSUM; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; INTELLECTUAL PRECOCITY; HIERARCHICAL PATTERNS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; PERCEPTION; HANDEDNESS AB Interhemispheric interaction in mathematically gifted (MG) adolescents, average-ability (AA) youth, and college students (CS) was examined by presenting hierarchical letter pairs in 3 viewing conditions: (a) unilaterally to the right hemisphere (RH), (b) unilaterally to the left hemisphere (LH), or (c) bilaterally, with I member of the pair presented to each hemisphere simultaneously. Participants made global-local, match-no-match judgments. For the AA and CS, the LH was faster for local matches and the RH for global matches. The MG showed no hemispheric differences. Also, AA and CS were slower on cooperative compared with unilateral trials, whereas the MG showed the opposite pattern. These results suggest that enhanced interhemispheric interaction is a unique functional characteristic of the MG brain. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. USA, Inst Behav & Social Sci, Ft Benning, GA USA. RP O'Boyle, MW (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM m.oboyle@psych.unimelb.edu.au NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0894-4105 J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY JI Neuropsychology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1037/0894-4105.18.2.371 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810SX UT WOS:000220725100018 PM 15099159 ER PT J AU Young, SS AF Young, SS TI Alias-free image subsampling using Fourier-based windowing methods SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE alias-free (antialias) image subsampling; Fourier-based windowing; smooth windowing; power window; chirp test pattern AB An antialiasing image subsampling method using Fourier-based windowing is presented. To reduce resolution, directly subsampling an image results in aliased data. To avoid aliasing, the original image has to be low-pass filtered within the bandwidth of the subsampled image prior to subsampling. However, applying a simple rectangular filter causes ringing effect (ripples), which is also called the Gibbs phenomenon. Conventional finite impulse response (FIR) or infinite impulse response (IIR) filters use spectral windows (e.g., Gaussian, Hamming, Hanning, or Butterworth windows, etc.) to yield a smooth transition band at the cutoff frequency. Yet this approach attenuates the higher frequency contents of the subsampled image and results in the widening of the transition band of the impulse response. An alias-free image subsampling method is developed using a power window to reduce the spatial domain ringing effect and to preserve most of the spatial frequency contents of the subsampled image. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Young, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ssyoung@arl.army.mil NR 18 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2004 VL 43 IS 4 BP 843 EP 855 DI 10.1117/1.1666862 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 814IN UT WOS:000220968500012 ER PT J AU Okamoto, M Sugimoto, A Leung, KP Nakayama, K Kamaguchi, A Maeda, N AF Okamoto, M Sugimoto, A Leung, KP Nakayama, K Kamaguchi, A Maeda, N TI Inhibitory effect of green tea catechins on cysteine proteinases in Porphyromonas gingivalis SO ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catechin; Rgp; Kgp; Porphyromonas gingivalis ID PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; ARG-GINGIPAIN; LYS-GINGIPAIN; EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; VIRULENCE; PATHOGENESIS; TETRACYCLINE; KGP; IMMUNIZATION; HEMOGLOBIN AB The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of catechins and their derivatives on the activities of Arg-gingipain (Rgp) and Lys-gingipain (Kgp) in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Catechin derivatives, which included (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-gallocatechin gallate, and (-)-catechin gallate, significantly inhibited the Rgp activity. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of these catechin derivatives for Rgp ranged from 3 to 5 muM. While (-)-epigallocatechin and (-)-gallocatechin moderately inhibited Rgp activity (IC50s, 20 muM), (-) -epicatechin, (+)-catechin, and gallic acid were not effective, with IC50s greater than 300 muM. Further, some of the catechin derivatives tested also inhibited the Kgp activity, though to a lesser extent than inhibition of the Rgp activity. These findings suggest that green tea catechins may have the potential to reduce periodontal breakdown resulting from the potent proteinase activity of P. gingivalis. C1 Tsurumi Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral bacteriol, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2308501, Japan. Itoen Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan. USA, Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL USA. Nagasaki Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Microbiol, Nagasaki 852, Japan. Hlth Sci Univ Hokkaido, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Microbiol, Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan. RP Okamoto, M (reprint author), Tsurumi Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral bacteriol, Tsurumi Ku, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Kanagawa 2308501, Japan. EM okamoto-m@tsurumi-u.ac.jp NR 29 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-0055 J9 ORAL MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Oral Microbiol. Immunol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 2 BP 118 EP 120 DI 10.1046/j.0902-0055.2003.00112.x PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology GA 773HK UT WOS:000188892400010 PM 14871352 ER PT J AU Guralnik, V Karypis, G AF Guralnik, V Karypis, G TI Parallel tree-projection-based sequence mining algorithms SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE frequent sequential patterns; database projection algorithms; data mining ID ASSOCIATION RULES AB Discovery of sequential patterns is becoming increasingly useful and essential in many scientific and commercial domains. Enormous sizes of available datasets and possibly large number of mined patterns demand efficient, scalable, and parallel algorithms. Even though a number of algorithms have been developed to efficiently parallelize frequent pattern discovery algorithms that are based on the candidate-generation-and-counting framework, the problem of parallelizing the more efficient projection-based algorithms has received relatively little attention and existing parallel formulations have been targeted only toward shared-memory architectures. The irregular and unstructured nature of the task-graph generated by these algorithms and the fact that these tasks operate on overlapping sub-databases makes it challenging to efficiently parallelize these algorithms for scalable distributed-memory parallel computing architectures. In this paper we present and study a variety of distributed-memory parallel algorithms for a tree-projection-based frequent sequence discovery algorithm that are able to minimize the various overheads associated with load imbalance, database overlap, and interprocessor communication. Our experimental evaluation on a 32 processor IBM SP show that these algorithms are capable of achieving good speedups, Substantially reducing the amount of the required work to find sequential patterns in large databases. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Digital Technol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Karypis, G (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Digital Technol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM guralnik@cs.umn.edu; karypis@cs.umn.edu NR 31 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD APR PY 2004 VL 30 IS 4 BP 443 EP 472 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2004.03.003 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 828RY UT WOS:000221991800001 ER PT J AU Bauer, AJ Yates, C Poth, M AF Bauer, AJ Yates, C Poth, M TI Incidental finding of Langerhans Cell histiocytosis in a thyroid nodule: What does it mean? SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 787 BP 140A EP 140A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591100820 ER PT J AU Tiwary, CM Ward, JA AF Tiwary, CM Ward, JA TI Impaired glucose tolerance (GT) according to the 2003 ADA criterion and insulin resistance among overweight/obese preadolescents and adolescents SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 811 BP 144A EP 144A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591100844 ER PT J AU Knee, DS Bird, DN Dato, AK Uychara, CFT Claybaugh, JR AF Knee, DS Bird, DN Dato, AK Uychara, CFT Claybaugh, JR TI Urine output and drinking behavior in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 847 BP 150A EP 150A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591100880 ER PT J AU Straight, TM Eichelberger, M Ottolini, MG AF Straight, TM Eichelberger, M Ottolini, MG TI Cross-protection in influenza: Tachypnea as a measure of protection in the cotton rat model SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Virion Syst Inc, Div Immunol, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 1896 BP 333A EP 333A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591101962 ER PT J AU Lim, JM Knee, DS Sato, AK Claybaugh, JR AF Lim, JM Knee, DS Sato, AK Claybaugh, JR TI Temporal effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on drinking behavior in the adult rat (Raffus norvegicus) SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Clin Invest, Tripler, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Tripler, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 2206 BP 388A EP 388A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591102272 ER PT J AU Olsen, IF Richardson, DK Schmid, CH Ausman, LM Dwyer, JT AF Olsen, IF Richardson, DK Schmid, CH Ausman, LM Dwyer, JT TI Dietitian involvement in the neonatal intensive care unit: More is better SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Tripler, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 2209 BP 388A EP 388A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591102275 ER PT J AU Velez, JLR Iwamoto, LM Nakamura, KT AF Velez, JLR Iwamoto, LM Nakamura, KT TI Effect of dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, and sodium metabisulfite on cultured human bronchial smooth muscle cells proliferation SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies CY MAY 04, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Pediatr Acad Soc C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 SU S MA 2821 BP 497A EP 497A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 808TJ UT WOS:000220591102886 ER PT J AU Gydee, H O'Neill, JT Patel, A Bauer, AJ Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Gydee, H O'Neill, JT Patel, A Bauer, AJ Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Differentiated thyroid carcinomas from children and adolescents express IGF-I and the IGF-I receptor (IGF-I-R). Cancers with the most intense IGF-I-R expression may be more aggressive SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; YOUNG-ADULTS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; METASTASIS; RECURRENCE; ABLATION; RISK AB Adult thyroid cancers express IGF and IGF-I receptor (IGF-I-R), but the clinical impact is not clear. No previous study examined any childhood thyroid cancers that are well-differentiated and have a favorable prognosis. We used immunohistochemistry to determine IGF-I and IGF-I-R in 23 papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) and 6 follicular thyroid cancers (FTC) from children and adolescents. IGF-I was detected in 45% and IGF-I-R in 43% of cancers. IGF-I and IGF-I-R were found more often in PTC (IGF-I = 9/23, IGF-I-R = 8/19) than normal surrounding thyroid (IGF-I = 0/10, p = 0.032 and IGF-I-R = 0/10, p = 0.030). There were too few FTC to support independent statistical analysis, but IGF-I was found in 4 of 6 FTC (0/10 normal), and IGF-I-R was found in 2 of 4 FTC (0/10 normal). IGF-I-R staining was more intense in aggressive (invasive, metastatic, recurrent, or persistent) than indolent tumors (confined to the gland, p = 0.029). Over time, six tumors recurred, five of which expressed IGF-I-R. Overall recurrence risk was significantly greater for tumors that expressed IGF-I-R (p = 0.05) but only approached statistical significance (p = 0.08) when disease-free survival was determined. We conclude that differentiated thyroid cancers of children and adolescents express IGF-I and IGF-I-R. Tumors that express IGF-I-R are more likely to show aggressive clinical features (invasion beyond the capsule, metastasis, or recurrence) and persistence despite treatment. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gfrancis@usuhs.mil NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 4 BP 709 EP 715 DI 10.1203/01.PDR.0000111282.98401.93 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 807CD UT WOS:000220478700027 PM 14973173 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE Sattin, A Meyerhoff, JL Chilingar, M AF Pekary, AE Sattin, A Meyerhoff, JL Chilingar, M TI Valproate modulates TRH receptor, TRH and TRH-like peptide levels in rat brain SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE valproate; TRH-like peptides; TRH receptors; depression; cortex; limbic system ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PITUITARY RECEPTORS; MOOD STABILIZERS; DISORDERS; GLUTAMATE; LITHIUM; ACID; PROTECTION; EXPRESSION; DEPRESSION AB We have tested our hypothesis that alterations in the levels of TRH receptors, and the synthesis and release of tripeptide TRH, and other neurotropic TRH-like peptides mediate some of the mood stabilizing effects of valproate (Valp). We have directly compared the effect of 1 week of feeding two major mood stabilizers, Valp and lithium chloride (LiCl) on TRH binding in limbic and extra-limbic regions of male WKY rats. Valp increased TRH receptor levels in nucleus accumbens and frontal cortex. Li increased TRH receptor binding in amygdala, posterior cortex and cerebellum. The acute, chronic and withdrawal effects of Valp on brain levels of TRH (pGlu-His-Pro-NH2, His-TRH) and five other TRH-like peptides, Glu-TRH, Val-TRH, Tyr-TRH, Leu-TRH and Phe-TRH were measured by combined HPLC and RIA. Acute treatment increased TRH and TRH-like peptide levels within most brain regions, most strikingly in pyriform cortex. The fold increases (in parentheses) were: Val-TRH (58), Phe-TRH (54), Tyr-TRH (25), TRH (9), Glu-TRH (4) and Leu-TRH (3). We conclude that the mood stabilizing effects of Valp may be due, at least in part, to its ability to alter TRH and TRH-like peptide, and TRH receptor levels in the limbic system and other brain regions implicated in mood regulation and behavior. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neurochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Pekary, AE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 114,Rm 229, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM epekary@ucla.edu NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD APR PY 2004 VL 25 IS 4 BP 647 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.01.016 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 829IA UT WOS:000222039800015 PM 15165721 ER PT J AU Pati, R Karna, SP AF Pati, R Karna, SP TI Current switching by conformational change in a pi-sigma-pi molecular wire SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE MOLECULES; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CONDUCTANCE; RECTIFIERS AB The switching behavior of a conformational molecular switch with a pi (benzenethiol)-sigma (bicyclopentane)-pi (benzenethiol) architecture is investigated by quantum mechanical calculations. The model molecular-wire exhibits current switching between the planar and perpendicular orientations of the two pi-electron moieties with respect to each other. The current in the planar orientation is found to be 64 nA for an operating potential difference of 2.5 V. The current modulation (ON/OFF ratio) between the two conformational states of the molecule is calculated to be more than 7 at a switching voltage of 2.5 V. The energy barrier between the molecular conformations corresponding to the ON and OFF states are tens of k(B)T at room temperature, suggesting that the two states would remain isolated under normal operating conditions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque High Performance Comp Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Karna, SP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM patir@rpi.edu; skarna@arl.army.mil NR 21 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 15 AR 155419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.155419 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 820YT UT WOS:000221426800123 ER PT J AU Walsworth, MK Mills, JT Michener, LA AF Walsworth, MK Mills, JT Michener, LA TI Diagnosing suprascapular neuropathy in patients with shoulder dysfunction: A report of 5 cases SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE electrodiagnosis; electromyography; nerve; shoulder; suprascapular neuropathy ID SUBACROMIAL IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME; ROTATOR CUFF TEARS; NERVE ENTRAPMENT; INFRASPINATUS MUSCLE; VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS; CUTANEOUS BRANCH; UPPER-LIMB; STRENGTH; RELIABILITY; ACCURACY AB Purpose. Suprascapular neuropathy, resulting in shoulder pain and weakness, is frequently misdiagnosed. The consequences of misdiagnosis can include inappropriate physical rehabilitation or surgical procedures. The purpose of this case report is to describe the differential diagnosis of suprascapular neuropathy. Case Descriptions. Five patients were initially diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome and referred for physical therapy. Physical therapist examination findings were consistent with subacromial impingement syndrome and suprascapular neuropathy. Subsequent electrophysiologic testing confirmed the diagnosis of suprascapular neuropathy in all 5 patients. Discussion. The differential diagnosis of patients with suprascapular neuropathy includes subacromial impingement syndrome, rotator cuff pathology, C5-6 radiculopathy, and upper trunk brachial plexopathy. The diagnostic process and a table with key findings based on evidence and clinical experience is presented for differential diagnosis. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. McDonald Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Serv, Ft Eustis, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Michener, LA (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Med Coll Virginia Campus,Room 100,W Hosp Basement, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM lamichen@vcu.edu NR 68 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2004 VL 84 IS 4 BP 359 EP 372 PG 14 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 807XN UT WOS:000220534300010 PM 15049729 ER PT J AU Heiman, S Lindsay, JH AF Heiman, S Lindsay, JH TI Some production plating problems & how they were solved - Part 9 SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res & Dev Labs, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Lindsay, JH (reprint author), USA, Res & Dev Labs, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM techeditor@aesf.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 USA SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD APR PY 2004 VL 91 IS 4 BP 12 EP 14 PG 3 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA 816KU UT WOS:000221109600007 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Bangs, MJ Keirans, JE AF Robbins, RG Bangs, MJ Keirans, JE TI First report of Ixodes kopsteini Oudemans (Acari : Ixodida : Ixodidae) from the Kingdom of Cambodia, with a summary of known hosts of this tick in continental southeastern Asia SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Unit 2, Dept Entomol, Parasit Dis Program, FPO, AP 96520 USA. Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM richard.robbins@osd.mil; bangsmj@namru2.med.navy.mil; jkeirans@gasou.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2004 VL 106 IS 2 BP 472 EP 474 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 810AE UT WOS:000220676400023 ER PT J AU Olson, MA Carra, JH Roxas-Duncan, V Wannemacher, RW Smith, LA Millard, CB AF Olson, MA Carra, JH Roxas-Duncan, V Wannemacher, RW Smith, LA Millard, CB TI Finding a new vaccine in the ricin protein fold SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING DESIGN & SELECTION LA English DT Article DE protein aggregation; protein engineering; ribosome inactivating proteins ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; POKEWEED ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN; ALPHA-LYTIC PROTEASE; A-CHAIN IMMUNOTOXINS; ACTIVE-SITE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DEGLYCOSYLATED RICIN; SUBSTRATE-ANALOGS; HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; CLINICAL-TRIALS AB Previous attempts to produce a vaccine for ricin toxin have been hampered by safety concerns arising from residual toxicity and the undesirable aggregation or precipitation caused by exposure of hydrophobic surfaces on the ricin A-chain (RTA) in the absence of its natural B-chain partner. We undertook a structure-based solution to this problem by reversing evolutionary selection on the 'ribosome inactivating protein' fold of RTA to arrive at a non-functional, compacted single-domain scaffold (sequence RTA1-198) for presentation of a specific protective epitope (RTA loop 95-110). An optimized protein based upon our modeling design (RTA1-33/44-198) showed greater resistance to thermal denaturation, less precipitation under physiological conditions and a reduction in toxic activity of at least three orders of magnitude compared with RTA. Most importantly, RTA1-198 or RTA1-33/44-198 protected 100% of vaccinated animals against supra-lethal challenge with aerosolized ricin. We conclude that comparative protein analysis and engineering yielded a superior vaccine by exploiting a component of the toxin that is inherently more stable than is the parent RTA molecule. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Millard, CB (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM charles.b.millard@us.army.mil NR 58 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1741-0126 J9 PROTEIN ENG DES SEL JI Protein Eng. Des. Sel. PD APR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 4 BP 391 EP 397 DI 10.1093/protein/gzh043 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 848NE UT WOS:000223473600012 PM 15187223 ER PT J AU Fried, M Wendler, JN Mutabingwa, TK Duffy, PE AF Fried, M Wendler, JN Mutabingwa, TK Duffy, PE TI Mass spectrometric analysis of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 variants expressed by placental malaria parasites SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE membrane protein; PfEMP1; placental malaria; plasmodium falciparum; Var gene family ID CHONDROITIN SULFATE-A; VAR GENE; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; MATERNAL MALARIA; LIFE-CYCLE; ADHESION; ANTIBODIES; RECEPTOR; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION AB Surface proteins from are important malaria vaccine targets. However, the surface proteins Previously identified are highly variant and difficult to study. We used tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the variant antigens (Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1)) expressed on the surface of malaria-infected erythrocytes that bind to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) in the placenta. Whereas PfEMP1 variants previously implicated as CSA ligands were detected, in unselected parasites four novel variants were detected in CSA-binding or placental parasites but not in unselected paragites. These novel PfEMP1 variants require further study to confirm whether they play a role in placental malaria. C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Fried, M (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, 4 Nickerson St,Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM mfried@sbri.org FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43680, AI52059] NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2004 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1086 EP 1093 DI 10.1002/pmic.200300666 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 811HV UT WOS:000220763900018 PM 15048989 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Whitlock, WL AF Adams, BD Whitlock, WL TI "Utstein style" spreadsheet and database programs based on Microsoft Excel (R) and Microsoft Access (R) software for CPR data management of in-hospital resuscitation SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article DE cardiac arrest; cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); outcome; medical emergency team; Utstein template ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; FOUNDATION-OF-CANADA; HEALTH-CARE-PROFESSIONALS; RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; CARDIAC-ARREST; TASK-FORCE; STATEMENT; COUNCIL AB In 1997, The American Heart Association in association with representatives of the International Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) published recommended guidelines for reviewing, reporting and conducting in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes using the "Utstein style". Using these guidelines, we developed two Microsoft Office(R) based database management programs that may be useful to the resuscitation community. We developed a user-friendly spreadsheet based on MS Office Excel(R). The user enters patient variables such as name, age, and diagnosis. Then, event resuscitation variables such as time of collapse and CPR team arrival are entered from a "code flow sheet". Finally, outcome variables such as patient condition at different time points are recorded. The program then makes automatic calculations of average response times, survival rates and other important outcome measurements. Also using the Utstein style, we developed a database program based on MS Office Access(R). To promote free public access to these programs, we established at http://www.cproutcomes.org a website. These programs will help hospitals track, analyze, and present their CPR outcomes data. Clinical CPR researchers might also find the programs useful because they are easily modified and have statistical functions. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Army Ctr Total Access, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bruce.adams@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD APR PY 2004 VL 61 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2003.12.009 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA 818NQ UT WOS:000221252200005 PM 15081179 ER PT J AU Kaplan, KJ AF Kaplan, KJ TI Primary esophageal lymphoma: A diagnostic challenge SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID AIDS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kaplan, KJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM keith.kaplan@na.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD APR PY 2004 VL 97 IS 4 BP 331 EP 332 DI 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000100267.63378.0F PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 831DC UT WOS:000222172200004 PM 15108822 ER PT J AU Gorsich, DJ Genton, MG AF Gorsich, DJ Genton, MG TI On the discretization of nonparametric isotropic covariogram estimators SO STATISTICS AND COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Bochner's theorem; Fourier-Bessel series; nonnegative least squares; positive definiteness; spatial prediction ID VARIOGRAM; COVARIANCE; MATRICES AB In this article, we describe the discretization of nonparametric covariogram estimators for isotropic stationary stochastic processes. The use of nonparametric estimators is important to avoid the difficulties in selecting a parametric model. The key property the isotropic covariogram must satisfy is to be positive definite and thus have the form characterized by Yaglom's representation of Bochner's theorem. We present an optimal discretization of the latter in the sense that the resulting nonparametric covariogram estimators are guaranteed to be smooth and positive definite in the continuum. This provides an answer to an issue raised by Hall, Fisher and Hoffmann (1994). Furthermore, from a practical viewpoint, our result is important because a nonlinear constrained algorithm can sometimes be avoided and the solution can be found by least squares. Some numerical results are presented for illustration. C1 USA, Natl Automot Ctr, RDECOM, AMSRD TR N, Warren, MI 48397 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Gorsich, DJ (reprint author), USA, Natl Automot Ctr, RDECOM, AMSRD TR N, MS 157, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM gorsichd@tacom.army.mil; genton@stat.ncsu.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3174 J9 STAT COMPUT JI Stat. Comput. PD APR PY 2004 VL 14 IS 2 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1023/B:STCO.0000021408.63640.d8 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 806DS UT WOS:000220415200003 ER PT J AU Satava, RM AF Satava, RM TI Disruptive visions: a robot is not a machine ... Systems integration for surgeons SO SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB The discipline of surgery has become even more complex with the rapid introduction of revolutionary technologies. Laparoscopic surgery is just the simplest and first of these new directions. Robotic surgery and image-guided therapy are the next generation. As biosurgery and other modalities are introduced, the complexity will increase exponentially. In order to understand and utilize the new technologies, surgeons need to be grounded in the science of systems integration. The pervasive influence of this new requirement, as well as the skills, education, training.. and assessment needs, are defined. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. DARPA, Arlington, VA USA. USA, Mil Res & Mat Command, TATRC, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Satava, RM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 1 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-2794 J9 SURG ENDOSC JI Surg. Endosc. PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 617 EP 620 DI 10.1007/s00464-003-8233-7 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 839ZK UT WOS:000222826600010 PM 15026930 ER PT J AU Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Zollner, GE Sirichaisinthop, J Cui, LW AF Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Zollner, GE Sirichaisinthop, J Cui, LW TI Plasmodium vivax transmission: chances for control? SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID VACCINE CANDIDATES PVS25; IMPREGNATED BED NETS; SA KAEO PROVINCE; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; MALARIA PARASITES; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; ANTIFOLATE RESISTANCE; PRIMAQUINE THERAPY; BLOCKING VACCINE; FALCIPARUM AB Plasmodium vivax is a growing public health problem in many regions of the world as a result of re-emergence and increased transmission. This article reviews the unique biology related to P. vivax transmission and addresses potential problems associated with the control of this parasite, which depends on an in-depth knowledge of malaria transmission. The success of comprehensive control measures will require advanced laboratory and field research on this parasite, international awareness of the problem, and co-operation by members of the international malaria community to implement new knowledge and improve the management of transmission in each endemic area. C1 USAMC, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ehime Univ, Cell Free Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. Vector Borne Dis Training Ctr, Sara Buri 18120, Thailand. Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sattabongkot, J (reprint author), USAMC, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajavithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM jetsumonp@afrims.org NR 73 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 192 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.pt.2004.02.001 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 812LW UT WOS:000220842000012 PM 15099559 ER PT J AU Henderson, TJ AF Henderson, TJ TI Sensitivity-enhanced quantitative C-13 NMR spectroscopy via cancellation of (1)J(CH) dependence in DEPT polarization transfers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Forens Analyt Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,AF, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Henderson, TJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Forens Analyt Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,AF, E5100,5183 Black Hawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM txhender@apgea.army.mil NR 7 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 31 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 12 BP 3682 EP 3683 DI 10.1021/ja039261+ PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 806NK UT WOS:000220440400006 PM 15038699 ER PT J AU Leitner, WW Hwang, LN Bergmann-Leitner, ES Finkelstein, SE Frank, S Restifo, NP AF Leitner, WW Hwang, LN Bergmann-Leitner, ES Finkelstein, SE Frank, S Restifo, NP TI Apoptosis is essential for the increased efficacy of alphaviral replicase-based DNA vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccines; alphavirus; apoptosis; BCl-X-L ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; HUMAN-MELANOMA CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; TUMOR-CELLS; ANTIVIRAL PATHWAYS; MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; EXPRESSION VECTORS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; SELF-ANTIGEN AB Alphaviral replicons can increase the efficacy and immunogenicity of naked nucleic acid vaccines. To study the impact of apoptosis on this increased effectiveness, we co-delivered an anti-apoptotic gene (BCI-X-L) with the melanocyte/melanoma differentiation antigen TRP-1. Although cells co-transfected with Bcl-X-L lived longer, produced more antigen and elicited increased antibody production in vivo, co-delivery of pro-survival BCI-X-L with antigen significantly reduced the ability of the replicase-based vaccine to protect against an aggressive tumor challenge. These data show for the first time that the induction of apoptotic cell death of transfected cells in vivo is required for the increased effectiveness of replicase-based vaccines. Our findings also provide an explanation for the paradoxical observation that replicase-based DNA vaccines are much more immunogenic than conventional constructs despite reduced antigen production. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Natl Canc Inst, Surg Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Bonn, Dept Neuropathol, D-53105 Bonn, Germany. RP Restifo, NP (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, Surg Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bldg 10,Room 2B42, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM wolfgang_leitner@nih.gov; restifo@nih.gov RI Restifo, Nicholas/A-5713-2008; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011; Leitner, Wolfgang/F-5741-2011; OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956; Leitner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3125-5922; Restifo, Nicholas P./0000-0003-4229-4580 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC010763-01, Z99 CA999999] NR 46 TC 58 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 29 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 11-12 BP 1537 EP 1544 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.10.013 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 812EB UT WOS:000220821700025 PM 15063579 ER PT J AU Banks, HD AF Banks, HD TI Conformational preferences of substituted calix[4]pyrroles as determined by molecular mechanics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT TC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM hdbanks@apgea.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 620-ORGN BP U219 EP U219 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655701129 ER PT J AU Bays, JT Sherman, WE AF Bays, JT Sherman, WE TI Matrix isolation photochemistry in carbon dioxide-based matrices. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM tim-bays@usma.edu; William-Sherman@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 268-INOR BP U1407 EP U1407 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655604626 ER PT J AU Brewer, DM Barnett, ML Labare, MP AF Brewer, DM Barnett, ML Labare, MP TI Metal binding capabilites of marine bacterial exopolymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM mm7983@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 343-CHED BP U454 EP U454 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655601626 ER PT J AU Bruno, FF Drew, C Nagarajan, R Wang, XY Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Bruno, FF Drew, C Nagarajan, R Wang, XY Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Conductive polymer complexes from macromolecule inspired biocatalysis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Mat Sci Team, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. EM nando@uml.edu; Lynne_Samuelson@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 141-PMSE BP U510 EP U510 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702593 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Walker, CW AF Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Walker, CW TI Proton conducting block copolymers: Sulfonation, characterization, and application to the direct methanol fuel cell. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM elabd@drexel.edu RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 280-POLY BP U406 EP U406 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702068 ER PT J AU Gaddy, GA Miner, GA Stoakley, DM Locke, EP Mills, G AF Gaddy, GA Miner, GA Stoakley, DM Locke, EP Mills, G TI Method for the controlled formation and placement of metal layers in polyimide films. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE L Gaddy, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Aricraft Program Mat Grp, Hampton, VA USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ggaddy@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 203-PMSE BP U520 EP U520 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702655 ER PT J AU Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ AF Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ TI Effects of high concentration nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide on breathing pattern in awake rats. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM zengfa.gu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 639-INOR BP U1504 EP U1504 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655604997 ER PT J AU Kaholek, M Lee, WK LaMattina, B Caster, K Zauscher, S AF Kaholek, M Lee, WK LaMattina, B Caster, K Zauscher, S TI Preparation and characterization of stimulus-responsive poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide) brushes and nanopatterns. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. EM upollek@duke.edu; zauscher@duke.edu RI Zauscher, Stefan/C-3947-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 137-PMSE BP U509 EP U509 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702589 ER PT J AU Kim, M Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Kim, M Samuelson, LA Kumar, J TI Nano-structured dielectric layers assembled from colloidal nanoparticles of polymers and inorganic oxides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Myunghwan_Kim@uml.edu; Lynne_Samuelson@uml.edu; jayant_kumar@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 440-COLL BP U874 EP U874 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655603061 ER PT J AU Ku, BC Kim, DW Steeves, D Blumstein, A Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Ku, BC Kim, DW Steeves, D Blumstein, A Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Ordered multilayer polyacetylene-aluminosilicate nanocomposites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, RDECOM, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Phys, Lowell, MA USA. EM bc_ku@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 119-COLL BP U822 EP U822 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655602740 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, L Watterson, AC Chittibabu, KG Kumar, J AF Kumar, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, L Watterson, AC Chittibabu, KG Kumar, J TI Biocatalytic synthesis and ion transport properties of pegylated polyelectroytes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA USA. EM rajesh_kumar@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 442-POLY BP U431 EP U431 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702230 ER PT J AU Lee, IC Chu, DY AF Lee, IC Chu, DY TI Nanocrystalline gold ceria-based water-gas shift catalysts for fuel cell applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ilee@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 081-FUEL BP U1081 EP U1081 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655603738 ER PT J AU Logue, BA Pieper, BJ Petrikovics, I Moser, MA Baskin, SI AF Logue, BA Pieper, BJ Petrikovics, I Moser, MA Baskin, SI TI Determination of cyanide metabolite, 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Dept Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM brian.logue@arnedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 100-ANYL BP U94 EP U94 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655600388 ER PT J AU Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Beyer, FL Vaidyanathan, S Galvin, ME AF Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Beyer, FL Vaidyanathan, S Galvin, ME TI Architectural control of electroactive polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, AMSRL WM MA, Res Lab, Adelhi, MD USA. EM zin@udel.edu; megalvin@udel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 620-POLY BP U458 EP U458 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702408 ER PT J AU Park, JT Arasteh, AM Kragl, FJ Menking, D O'Connell, KP Valdes, JJ AF Park, JT Arasteh, AM Kragl, FJ Menking, D O'Connell, KP Valdes, JJ TI IGM antibody purification and analysis by immuno-affinity chromatography. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Mol Engn Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jun.park@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 362-BIOT BP U246 EP U246 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655600914 ER PT J AU Schreuder-Gibson, H Walker, JE Yeomans, WG Ball, DH AF Schreuder-Gibson, H Walker, JE Yeomans, WG Ball, DH TI Development of self-cetoxifying fabrics for CB protective clothing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD NSC SS MS, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM heidi.schreudergibson@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 630-POLY BP U459 EP U459 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702418 ER PT J AU Sloan, JM Napadensky, EG AF Sloan, JM Napadensky, EG TI Diffusion of alcohols through sulphonated PS/PIB/PS block co-polymers using FT-IR-ATR SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Polymer Res Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsloan@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 326-PMSE BP U539 EP U540 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702778 ER PT J AU Whittier, RE Tanner, SA Xu, DW van Zanten, JH Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Whittier, RE Tanner, SA Xu, DW van Zanten, JH Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Transport properties of polystyrene solutions swollen with supercritical carbon dioxide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Div Chem Sci, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. EM rewhitti@unity.ncsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 362-POLY BP U418 EP U418 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702150 ER PT J AU Wilson, KC Ginter, MR Bays, JT Labare, MP AF Wilson, KC Ginter, MR Bays, JT Labare, MP TI Response of a marine bacterium to low ph induced by elevated carbon dioxide at high pressure. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM mm7973@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 352-CHED BP U455 EP U455 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655601635 ER PT J AU Wilusz, E Truong, Q AF Wilusz, E Truong, Q TI Selectively permeable membranes for lightweight chemical biological (CB) protective clothing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, AMSRD NSC IP C, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 02743 USA. EM eugene.wilusz@natick.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 631-POLY BP U459 EP U459 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702419 ER PT J AU Wilusz, E Zukas, W Fekete, ZA Karasz, FE AF Wilusz, E Zukas, W Fekete, ZA Karasz, FE TI Ion beam modification of permselective membranes for chemical biological protective clothing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, AMSRD NSC IP C, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM eugene.wilusz@natick.army.mil RI Fekete, Zoltan/C-7019-2008 OI Fekete, Zoltan/0000-0002-7677-2678 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 318-POLY BP U412 EP U412 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702106 ER PT J AU Winemiller, MD Hsu, FL Berg, F Cheng, TC Rastogi, VK AF Winemiller, MD Hsu, FL Berg, F Cheng, TC Rastogi, VK TI 3-indolyl methylphosphonate and methylphosphonothioate as indicators for enzyme-based decontamination of organophosphonoate agents SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM markd.winemiller@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 105-ORGN BP U120 EP U120 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655700614 ER PT J AU Xu, DW Carbonell, RG Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Xu, DW Carbonell, RG Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Synthesis of polycyclohexylethylene in a solvent expanded by supercritical CO2. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, NSF, Ctr Environmentally Responsible Solvents & Proc, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. EM dxu2@unity.ncsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 564-POLY BP U449 EP U449 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702352 ER PT J AU Zhong, ZK Sun, XS Wang, DH Zhu, L Ratto, JA AF Zhong, ZK Sun, XS Wang, DH Zhu, L Ratto, JA TI Soy protein-based adhesives for fiberboard. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th National Meeting of the American-Chemical Society CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. EM ziz@wheat.ksu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 188-CELL BP U309 EP U309 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AJ UT WOS:000223655601236 ER PT J AU Schure, MR Maier, RS Kroll, DM Davis, HT AF Schure, MR Maier, RS Kroll, DM Davis, HT TI Simulation of ordered packed beds in chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Symposium on High-Performance Liquid-Phase Separations and Related Techniques CY JUN 15-19, 2003 CL Nice, FRANCE DE computer simulation; dispersion; packed beds; pressure drop; mathematical modeling ID REYNOLDS-NUMBER FLOWS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POROUS-MEDIA; RANDOM ARRAYS; LATTICE-BOLTZMANN; DISPERSION; SPHERES; SYSTEMS; COLUMNS; MODELS AB A computer simulation of chromatographic dispersion in an ordered packed bed of spheres is conducted utilizing a detailed fluid flow profile provided by the Lattice Boltzmann technique. The ordered configurations of simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic are employed in these simulations. It is found that zone broadening is less for the fcc structure than the sc and bcc structures and less than a random packed bed analyzed in a previous study in the low flow velocity region used for experimental chromatography. The factors which contribute to the performance of the ordered pack beds are analyzed in detail and found to be dependent both on the nearest surface to surface distance and on the distribution of velocities found in the various packing geometries. The pressure drops of the four configurations are compared and contrasted with the pressure drop from monolithic columns. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rohm & Haas Co, Theoret Separat Sci Lab, Spring House, PA 19477 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Schure, MR (reprint author), Rohm & Haas Co, Theoret Separat Sci Lab, 727 Norristown Rd,Box 0904, Spring House, PA 19477 USA. NR 43 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAR 26 PY 2004 VL 1031 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.030 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 800LW UT WOS:000220030800009 PM 15058569 ER PT J AU Blaha, MD Leon, L DuBose, D Walker, L Morehouse, D Bastille, A Rufolo, D AF Blaha, MD Leon, L DuBose, D Walker, L Morehouse, D Bastille, A Rufolo, D TI Modification of large animal inhalational anesthesia equipment for use in small rodents SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A761 EP A761 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700003 ER PT J AU Bowman, P Zhao, BT Bynum, JA Vaughan, GM Sondeen, JL AF Bowman, P Zhao, BT Bynum, JA Vaughan, GM Sondeen, JL TI Gene expression analysis of the responses of mouse lung to a 40% fixed volume hemorrhage with oligonucleotide microarrays SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1219 EP A1219 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702201 ER PT J AU Carter, R Cheuvront, S Kolka, MA Wray, DW Sawka, MN AF Carter, R Cheuvront, S Kolka, MA Wray, DW Sawka, MN TI Hypohydration reduces heart rate variability during recovery from exercise-heat stress SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ft Worth, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1101 EP A1101 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470701632 ER PT J AU Cortez, DS Ryan, KL AF Cortez, DS Ryan, KL TI Does epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) or tranexamic acid (TXA) reduce blood loss in rat models of uncontrolled hemorrhage? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1243 EP A1243 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702313 ER PT J AU Coviello, LC Hashiro, GM Hernandez, CA Morrison, CA Chan, M Sawyer, EM Chung, MH Uyehara, CFT AF Coviello, LC Hashiro, GM Hernandez, CA Morrison, CA Chan, M Sawyer, EM Chung, MH Uyehara, CFT TI Dopamine and vasopressin affect organ perfusion differently in vasodilatory septic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1243 EP A1243 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702312 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Cameron, DG Sondeen, JL AF Dubick, MA Cameron, DG Sondeen, JL TI Tissue antioxidant status in hemorrhaged swine resuscitated with crystalloid or colloid fluids SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1241 EP A1241 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702305 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ AF Durkot, MJ TI The effects of the implantable contraceptive levonorgestrel on exercise endurance in a female rat model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, DoD, Res Support Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1290 EP A1291 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702539 ER PT J AU Fleming, SD Egan, R Tsokos, G AF Fleming, SD Egan, R Tsokos, G TI Natural antibodies, CR2 and tissue injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A838 EP A838 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700384 ER PT J AU Harris, E Cotton, P CuQlock-Knopp, G Morris, A Giles, T Nowlin, T Savior, C Thomas, L Hampton, T Williams, T Ibrahim, S Dorsey, S Onyema, E AF Harris, E Cotton, P CuQlock-Knopp, G Morris, A Giles, T Nowlin, T Savior, C Thomas, L Hampton, T Williams, T Ibrahim, S Dorsey, S Onyema, E TI Nutrition, physical activity and diabetes: A community model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USDA, Commun Nutr Res Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Alabama A&M Univ, Normal, AL 35762 USA. Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Salish Kootenai Coll, Pablo, MT USA. So A&M Univ, Baton Rouge, LA USA. Tuskegee Univ, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A902 EP A902 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700685 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Nazara, Z Amorim, M Else, C Svegliati-Baroni, G Greenwel, P Rojkind, M AF Hernandez-Nazara, Z Amorim, M Else, C Svegliati-Baroni, G Greenwel, P Rojkind, M TI Proteasomal degradation of Ski is essential for acetaldehyde-dependent up-regulation of alpha 2(I) collagen mRNA in hepatic stellate cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Univ Ancona, I-60128 Ancona, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A945 EP A945 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700886 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Warke, VG Kytarris, V Mitchell, J Tsokos, GC AF Krishnan, S Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Warke, VG Kytarris, V Mitchell, J Tsokos, GC TI Reciprocal upregulation of FcR gamma via caspase-3-mediated cleavage of CD3 zeta in SLE T cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A837 EP A837 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700379 ER PT J AU Matyas, GR Yu, JM Glenn, GM Friedlander, AM Little, SF Alving, CR AF Matyas, GR Yu, JM Glenn, GM Friedlander, AM Little, SF Alving, CR TI A needle-free skin patch vaccination method for protection against anthrax SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Iomai Corp, Gaithersburg, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A820 EP A821 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700298 ER PT J AU Peachman, KK Maclean, DM Halbach, J Alving, CR Rao, VB Rao, M AF Peachman, KK Maclean, DM Halbach, J Alving, CR Rao, VB Rao, M TI A novel prime-boost transcutaneous immunization strategy for DNA vaccination using HIV-1 p24 DNA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A821 EP A822 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700303 ER PT J AU Perry, YM Kamimori, GH LaJambe, CM Phares, DA Otterstetter, R Davis, HQ AF Perry, YM Kamimori, GH LaJambe, CM Phares, DA Otterstetter, R Davis, HQ TI Effects of menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on plasma cortisol and catecholamines during moderate and high intensity exercise SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1289 EP A1290 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702534 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Lackemeyer, M AF Reed, DS Lackemeyer, M TI Comparison of peripheral blood lymphocyte responses from three species of Old-World monkeys after in vitro stimulation with staphylococcal enterotoxins. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A801 EP A802 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700204 ER PT J AU Schwenk, RJ Steers, NJ Cohen, J Heppner, DG Krzych, U AF Schwenk, RJ Steers, NJ Cohen, J Heppner, DG Krzych, U TI The role of CD4 T cell help in the recall of a memory CD8 T cell response to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. GSK Biol, Immunol, Rixensart, Belgium. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A805 EP A806 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700223 ER PT J AU Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI The transcriptional repressor CREM alpha recruits HDAC1 to downregulate the activity of the IL-2 and c-Fos promoter SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Munster, Dept Pediat, D-48161 Munster, Germany. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, MCR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1137 EP A1137 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470701806 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Niro, PJ Sharp, MA Kellogg, MD Rarick, KR Nindl, BC AF Tharion, WJ Niro, PJ Sharp, MA Kellogg, MD Rarick, KR Nindl, BC TI Non-habitual acute resistance and aerobic exercise affects sleep SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1295 EP A1295 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702559 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Montain, SJ AF Tharion, WJ Montain, SJ TI Somatosensory evoked potentials associated with dehydration and fatigue SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1255 EP A1255 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702371 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ AF Walters, TJ TI The combined influence of hemorrhage and tourniquet application on muscle injury: Acute response SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A950 EP A950 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470700912 ER PT J AU Xie, LH Johnson, T Si, YZ Weina, PJ Li, QG AF Xie, LH Johnson, T Si, YZ Weina, PJ Li, QG TI Nephrotoxicity of artelinic acid in non-infected and infected rats with P. berghei ANKA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A988 EP A988 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470701091 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Lee, CK Lim, JM Sato, AK AF Claybaugh, JR Lee, CK Lim, JM Sato, AK TI Vasopressin mRNA in human umbilical arteries and veins SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A685 EP A685 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470603287 ER PT J AU Dabisch, PA Hulet, SW Forster, JS Miller, DB Benton, BJ Jakubowski, EM Muse, WT Way, RA McGuire, JM Scotto, JA Jarvis, JR Burnett, DC Gaviola, BI Evans, RA Matson, KL Crouse, CL Manthei, JH Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA AF Dabisch, PA Hulet, SW Forster, JS Miller, DB Benton, BJ Jakubowski, EM Muse, WT Way, RA McGuire, JM Scotto, JA Jarvis, JR Burnett, DC Gaviola, BI Evans, RA Matson, KL Crouse, CL Manthei, JH Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA TI Cardiorespiratory effects of a low-level inhalation exposure to sarin vapor SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A213 EP A213 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601025 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Wu, BW Hampton, N Kiang, AG Zhao, B Juang, YT Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Wu, BW Hampton, N Kiang, AG Zhao, B Juang, YT Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC TI Geldanamycin inhibits hemorrhage-induced increases in caspase-3 activity, KLF6, and iNOS expression in unsuscitated organs of mice: Role of inducible HSP-70 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A220 EP A221 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601059 ER PT J AU Li, QG Noker, P Si, YZ Weina, PJ Xie, LH Upadhyay, R Milhous, WK AF Li, QG Noker, P Si, YZ Weina, PJ Xie, LH Upadhyay, R Milhous, WK TI The possible role of enterohepatic circulation on bioavailability of artelinic acid in rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. So Res Inst, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A605 EP A605 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470602902 ER PT J AU McDonnell, MA Condlin, ML Kellogg, MD AF McDonnell, MA Condlin, ML Kellogg, MD TI Effects of a low protein diet on gene expression in rat frontal cortex SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A145 EP A145 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470600703 ER PT J AU Sato, AK Sato, AK Wu, JC Uyehara, CFT AF Sato, AK Sato, AK Wu, JC Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin V2 receptor gene expression in the inner medulla is specifically up-regulated with chronic alcohol exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Annual Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A295 EP A295 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601421 ER PT J AU Serimgeour, AG Marchitelli, LJ Volpe, SL Young, AJ AF Serimgeour, AG Marchitelli, LJ Volpe, SL Young, AJ TI Zinc intake influences bone elastic modulus in Sprague-Dawley rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nutr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A531 EP A531 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470602554 ER PT J AU Si, YZ Xie, LH Yang, YS Melendez, V Weina, PJ Milhous, WK Li, QG AF Si, YZ Xie, LH Yang, YS Melendez, V Weina, PJ Milhous, WK Li, QG TI Pharmacokinetic comparison of artesunate in rats following intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A604 EP A605 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470602901 ER PT J AU Uscilowicz, JM Delgado, AV Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB Scherer, MR Martini, WZ AF Uscilowicz, JM Delgado, AV Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB Scherer, MR Martini, WZ TI Alterations in platelet activation induced by hypothermia and acidosis in swine SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A195 EP A195 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470600937 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Marean, AJ Hernandez, CA Wu, JC Hashiro, GM AF Uyehara, CFT Marean, AJ Hernandez, CA Wu, JC Hashiro, GM TI Stimulation of vasopressin secretion is enhanced during alcohol withdrawal SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A295 EP A295 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601422 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Wu, JC Marean, AJ Hernandez, CA Hashiro, GM AF Uyehara, CFT Wu, JC Marean, AJ Hernandez, CA Hashiro, GM TI Prolonged diuresis after alcohol ingestion is not due to persistent suppression of plasma vasopressin SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, MCHK CI, CDR,TAMC, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A296 EP A296 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601425 ER PT J AU Wu, JC Coviello, LC Hashiro, GM Burghardt, CA Marean, AJ Uyehara, CF AF Wu, JC Coviello, LC Hashiro, GM Burghardt, CA Marean, AJ Uyehara, CF TI Blood pressure influences vasopressin V1 receptor mRNA up regulation in septic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK CI, TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A296 EP A296 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601427 ER PT J AU Zhao, BT Cassidy, RA Stavchansky, S Bowman, P AF Zhao, BT Cassidy, RA Stavchansky, S Bowman, P TI 17 beta estradiol and hydrocortisone modulation of the inflammatory response of human endothelial cells to cytokines SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP A240 EP A240 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZA UT WOS:000220470601153 ER PT J AU Wu, XD Liu, W Nagarajan, R Kumar, J Samuelson, LA Cholli, AL AF Wu, XD Liu, W Nagarajan, R Kumar, J Samuelson, LA Cholli, AL TI Role of temperature in suppression of the formation of Pummerer's type ketone in enzymatic polymerization of 4-propylphenol: An in-situ variable temperature H-1 NMR study SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CATALYZED POLYMERIZATION; PEROXIDASE C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Jayant_Kumar@uml.edu; Ashok_Cholli@uml.edu NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAR 23 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 6 BP 2322 EP 2324 DI 10.1021/ma034931h PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 804GY UT WOS:000220288400047 ER PT J AU Dong, LC Crowe, M West, J Ammann, JR AF Dong, LC Crowe, M West, J Ammann, JR TI Asymmetric synthesis of (R)- and (S)-2-trifluoromethylepinephrine SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE epinephrine; trifluoromethylation; asymmetric synthesis; salen catalyst ID NUCLEOPHILIC TRIFLUOROMETHYLATION; SULFUR-TETRAFLUORIDE; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; FLUORINE; DERIVATIVES; CHEMISTRY AB An asymmetric synthesis of (R)- and (S)-2-trifluoromethylepinephrine (1R and IS) is presented. Trifluoromethylation involves nucleophilic aromatic substitution of halobenzene 4 most likely via a copper mediated CF3, anion equivalent generated in situ. The asymmetric step involves conversion of 3,4-dimethoxy-2-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde (5) to silyl cyanohydrin (6R and 6S) using a chiral salen catalyst in the presence of titanium. IR and IS are potential alternatives to Currently used vasoconstrictors in local anesthetic formulations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. RP Ammann, JR (reprint author), USA, Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM jeffrey.ammann@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD MAR 22 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 13 BP 2731 EP 2733 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.02.040 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 804UT UT WOS:000220324300004 ER PT J AU Sun, WB Loeb, NG Videen, G Fu, Q AF Sun, WB Loeb, NG Videen, G Fu, Q TI Examination of surface roughness on light scattering by long ice columns by use of a two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain algorithm SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN PARTICLES; MUELLER MATRIX; GRAINS; CRYSTALS; APPROXIMATION; POLARIZATION; ABSORPTION; FIBER AB Natural particles such as ice crystals in cirrus clouds generally are not pristine but have additional microroughness on their surfaces. A two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) program with a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition is developed to calculate the effect of surface roughness on light scattering by long ice columns. When we use a spatial cell size of 1/120 incident wavelength for ice circular cylinders with size parameters of 6 and 24 at wavelengths of 0.55 and 10.8 mum, respectively, the errors in the FDTD results in the extinction, scattering, and absorption efficiencies are smaller than similar to0.5%. The errors in the FDTD results in the asymmetry factor are smaller than similar to0.05%. The errors in the FDTD results in the phase-matrix elements are smaller than similar to5%. By adding a pseudorandom change as great as 10% of the radius of a cylinder, we calculate the scattering properties of randomly oriented rough-surfaced ice columns. We conclude that, although the effect of small surface roughness on light scattering is negligible, the scattering phase-matrix elements change significantly for particles with large surface roughness. The roughness on the particle surface can make the conventional phase function smooth. The most significant effect of the surface roughness is the decay of polarization of the scattered light. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sun, WB (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Mail Stop 420, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM w.sun@larc.nasa.gov NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1957 EP 1964 DI 10.1364/AO.43.001957 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 805JK UT WOS:000220362400025 PM 15065727 ER PT J AU Wolfe, ND Switzer, WM Carr, JK Bhullar, VB Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Prosser, AT Torimiro, JN Wright, A Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Heneine, W AF Wolfe, ND Switzer, WM Carr, JK Bhullar, VB Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Prosser, AT Torimiro, JN Wright, A Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Heneine, W TI Naturally acquired simian retrovirus infections in central African hunters SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID FOAMY VIRUS-INFECTION; IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; LABORATORY WORKER; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; HEALTH; RISK AB Background Hunting and butchering of wild non-human primates infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is thought to have sparked the HIV pandemic. Although SIV and other primate retroviruses infect laboratory workers and zoo workers, zoonotic retrovirus transmission has not been documented in natural settings. We investigated zoonotic infection in individuals living in central Africa. Methods We obtained behavioural data, plasma samples, and peripheral blood lymphocytes from individuals living in rural villages in Cameroon. We did serological testing, PCR, and sequence analysis to obtain evidence of retrovirus infection. Findings Zoonotic infections with simian foamy virus (SFV), a retrovirus endemic in most Old World primates, were identified in people living in central African forests who reported direct contact with blood and body fluids of wild non-human primates. Ten (1%) of 1099 individuals had antibodies to SFV. Sequence analysis from these individuals revealed three geographically-independent human SFV infections, each of which was acquired from a distinct non-human primate lineage: De Brazza's guenon (Cercopithecus neglectus), mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx), and gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), two of which (De Brazza's guenon and mandrill) are naturally infected with SIV. Interpretation Our findings show that retroviruses are actively crossing into human populations, and demonstrate that people in central Africa are currently infected with SFV. Contact with non-human primates, such as happens during hunting and butchering, can play a part in the emergence of human retroviruses and the reduction of primate bushmeat hunting has the potential to decrease the frequency of. disease emergence. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Div AIDS Sexually Transmitted Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, TB Lab Res, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Sexually Transmitted Dis & TB P, Atlanta, GA USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Army Hlth Res Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Wolfe, ND (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St E7132, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM nwolfe@jhsph.edu OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 22 TC 228 Z9 241 U1 2 U2 53 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 20 PY 2004 VL 363 IS 9413 BP 932 EP 937 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15787-5 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 804OS UT WOS:000220308600009 PM 15043960 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of the perfluorocyclopropenyl cation SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE infrared spectral; Raman spectra; molecular orbitals; perfluorocyclopropenyl cation ID DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of the perfluorocyclopropenyl cation in D-3h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of three types of motion (C-C stretch, C-F stretch, and C-F bend) predicted by a group theoretical 1 analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Army Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), US Army Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAR 19 PY 2004 VL 673 IS 1-3 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.11.035 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 803ZM UT WOS:000220269000003 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of [1.1.1]propellane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectral; Raman spectra; [1.1.1]propellane; propellane; tricyclo[1.1.1.01.3]pentane ID ELECTRON MOMENTUM SPECTROSCOPY; 1.1.1 PROPELLANE; <1.1.1>PROPELLANE; BOND; HYDROCARBONS; ENERGY; BICYCLO<1.1.1>PENTANE; CYCLOPROPANE; REACTIVITY; MECHANISM AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of [1.1.1]propellane are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, C-C stretch, CH2 scissors, CH2 rock, CH2 wag, CH2 twist, and C-C-C bend) utilizing the D-3h symmetry of the molecule. Calculated infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. Selected molecular orbitals of [1.1.1]propellane are presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Army Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), US Army Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAR 19 PY 2004 VL 673 IS 1-3 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.11.039 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 803ZM UT WOS:000220269000006 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structure determination of trifluorophosphine-borane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; bonding; molecular orbitals; trifluorophosphine-borane ID PHOSPHORUS TRIFLUORIDE-BORANE; AB-INITIO; PHOSPHINE-BORANE; DIPOLE-MOMENT; COMPLEXES; ADDUCTS; SPECTRA; DENSITY; ENERGY; OXIDE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of BH3PF3 are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (B-H stretch, P-F stretch, P-B stretch, H-B-H bend, F-P-F bend, BH3 wag, PF3 wag and P-B torsion) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are presented. Molecular orbitals are presented and bonding is examined in terms of the molecular orbitals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAR 19 PY 2004 VL 673 IS 1-3 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.11.034 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 803ZM UT WOS:000220269000021 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of trimethylgallium SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; trimethylgallium; gallium trimethyl ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; VAPOR-PHASE; GALLIUM; SPECTRA; INDIUM; RAMAN; TRIMETHYLALUMINUM; DENSITY; LIQUID AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of trimethylgallium are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, Ga-C stretch, H-C-H bend, C-Ga-C bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3h symmetry of the molecule. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAR 19 PY 2004 VL 673 IS 1-3 BP 173 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.11.044 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 803ZM UT WOS:000220269000022 ER PT J AU Zhao, JH Fursin, L Hao, L Li, X Burke, T AF Zhao, JH Fursin, L Hao, L Li, X Burke, T TI Demonstration of 1789 V, 6.68 m Omega center dot cm(2) 4H-SiC merged-PiN-Schottky diodes SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The design, fabrication and characterisation of a high performance 4H-SiC diode of 1789 V-6.6 A with a low differential specific-on resistance (R-SP_ON) of 6.68 mOmega (.) cm(2), based on a 10.3 mum 4H-SiC blocking layer doped to 6.6 x 10(15) cm(-3), is reported. The corresponding figure-of-merit of VB2/(SP_ON) for this diode is 479 MW/cm(2), which substantially surpasses previous records for all other MPS diodes. C1 Rutgers State Univ, SICLAB, Dept ECE, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Zhao, JH (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, SICLAB, Dept ECE, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM jzhao@ece.rutgers.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2004 VL 40 IS 6 BP 390 EP 391 DI 10.1049/el:20040254 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 809WB UT WOS:000220665700022 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Lin, YC AF Claybaugh, JR Lin, YC TI Exercise and decompression sickness: a matter of intensity and timing SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Physiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Claybaugh, JR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.claybaugh@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD MAR 16 PY 2004 VL 555 IS 3 BP 588 EP 588 DI 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.060756 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 806OL UT WOS:000220443100002 PM 14766931 ER PT J AU Wang, X Kempa, K Ren, ZF Kimball, B AF Wang, X Kempa, K Ren, ZF Kimball, B TI Rapid photon flux switching in two-dimensional photonic crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; BAND-GAP; FIBERS AB We have investigated the out-of-plane propagation of light in two-dimensional photonic band-gap crystals consisting of long dielectric nanorods. Defects, which sufficiently break the crystal symmetry, can produce photonic states localized at the defect sites. We show that this localization can result in a sharp transition between the state of the out-of-plane light propagation through the entire photonic crystal, and the state in which light propagates only along the defect channels. This switching can be induced by slight changes of the dielectric constant at the defect sites. We propose a practical way of achieving this, and suggest applications. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Higgins Hall,230 E, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM kempa@bc.edu RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 11 BP 1817 EP 1819 DI 10.1063/1.1667593 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 802SG UT WOS:000220182600001 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Electrochemical impedance study on the low temperature of Li-ion batteries SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE impedance; charge-transfer; ionic conductivity; low temperature; Li-ion battery ID SOLID-ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; PERFORMANCE; LITHIUM; CELLS AB Cycling performance of Li-ion cells was studied by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that total resistance (R-cell) of the Li-ion cells is mainly composed of bulk resistance (R-b), solid-state interface resistance (R-sei) and charge-transfer resistance (R-ct). During cycling, the R-b and R-sei remain unchanged while the R-ct displays two minima in the same voltage regions where the major peaks of differential capacities are present. The R-ct can be linked to kinetics of the cell electrochemical reaction. In response to the temperature change, the R-b and R-sei vary in a very similar manner, while the R-ct shows significant difference. In the fully charged and discharged states as well as at the low temperatures (less than or equal to20degreesC), the R-cell of the Li-ion cells is predominated by the R-ct Using the term of the R-ct we explained two low temperature phenomena of the Li-ion battery: (1) charging of a fully discharged cell is much more difficult than discharging of a fully charged cell, and (2) both the power (operating voltage) and energy (delivered capacity) are substantially reduced. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 20 TC 264 Z9 278 U1 32 U2 229 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1057 EP 1061 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.10.016 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 778EH UT WOS:000189226100006 ER PT J AU Endy, TP Nisalak, A Chunsuttitwat, S Vaughn, DW Green, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Libraty, DH AF Endy, TP Nisalak, A Chunsuttitwat, S Vaughn, DW Green, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Libraty, DH TI Relationship of preexisting dengue virus (DV) neutralizing antibody levels to viremia and severity of disease in a prospective cohort study of DV infection in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SHOCK SYNDROME; RISK-FACTORS; VACCINES; PATHOGENESIS; ENHANCEMENT; MONOCYTES; CORRELATE; RESPONSES; CHILDREN AB Background. Infection with any 1 of the 4 dengue viruses (DVs) can produce several illnesses, ranging from a mild febrile illness to classic dengue fever (DF) to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a potentially life-threatening disease. Most DHF cases occur after sequential heterotypic DV infections. The role of preexisting humoral immunity in modifying severity of dengue disease is not well understood. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort study of children in a region where dengue disease is hyperendemic and examined the role of preexisting neutralizing anti-DV antibodies (Abs) in modifying secondary dengue-3 virus (D3V), dengue-2 virus (D2V), and dengue-1 virus (D1V) infections. Results. In secondary D3V infection, higher levels of preexisting neutralizing Ab directed against D3V (reference virus strain and patient's virus isolate) were associated with lower viremia levels and milder disease. Preexisting neutralizing Ab levels against D2V were not associated with severity of secondary D2V infection. The levels of preexisting neutralizing Ab against the infecting virus isolates were not associated with viremia levels in secondary D2V or D1V infections. Conclusions. Cross-reactive memory humoral immune responses appear to be beneficial in symptomatic secondary D3V infection, but not in secondary D2V or D1V infection. These results may have important implications for the development of live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccines. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Communicable Dis Control, Div Gen Communicable Dis, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Libraty, DH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Rm S5-326, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM daniel.libraty@umassmed.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI34533] NR 37 TC 198 Z9 205 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 6 BP 990 EP 1000 DI 10.1086/382280 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 800AK UT WOS:000220001100005 PM 14999601 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Lind, CM Sullivan, LJ Pratt, WD Parker, MD AF Reed, DS Lind, CM Sullivan, LJ Pratt, WD Parker, MD TI Aerosol infection of cynomolgus macaques with enzootic strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; CENTRAL-AMERICA; MONKEYS; MEXICO AB Because Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEVs) are infectious by aerosol, they are considered to be a biological-weapons threat. Nonhuman-primate models are needed to evaluate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. In the present study, cynomolgus macaques, after aerosol exposure to either VEEV-IE or VEEV-IIIA, developed fever, viremia, and lymphopenia; the severity of the fever response, viremia, and lymphopenia correlated with the inhaled dose of VEEV. Of the 10 macaques in our study, 7 developed clinical signs indicative of encephalitis, including loss of balance and hypothermia. In the macaque, the enzootic strains used are infectious by aerosol and lead to disease, including clinical encephalitis. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD USA. RP Reed, DS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. EM doug.reed@det.amedd.army.mil OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 16 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 6 BP 1013 EP 1017 DI 10.1086/382281 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 800AK UT WOS:000220001100008 PM 14999604 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Raid on the suit: Inside Israel's secret campaign that denied Saddam the bomb. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 5 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 837VJ UT WOS:000222668800109 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Zhao, CL Tong, C Derosset, WS Helfritch, D AF Grujicic, M Zhao, CL Tong, C Derosset, WS Helfritch, D TI Analysis of the impact velocity of powder particles in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE cold-gas; dynamic-spray; process design and optimization ID JET IMPINGEMENT; TURBULENCE AB While built on a sound physical foundation, isentropic, one-dimensional models generally used to analyze the dynamics of dilute two-phase (feed-powder particles suspended in a carrier gas) flow during the cold-gas dynamic-spray process, require the use of numerical procedures to obtain solutions for the governing equations. Numerical solutions, unfortunately, do not enable an easy establishment of the relationships between the gas, process and feed-powder parameters on one side and the gas and the particle velocities at the nozzle exit and the particle impact velocity, on the other. Analytical solutions for the governing equations in the limits of small and large relative particle/gas velocities and a multiple non-linear regression analysis are used, in the present work, to develop analytical functions which can be used to compute the gas and the particle exit velocities and the particle impact velocity for a given set of the gas, process, and feed-powder parameters. The results obtained using the analytical functions are found to be in a very good agreement with their numerical and experimental counterparts. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Army Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch Aberdeen, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 241 Fluor Daniel Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu NR 21 TC 78 Z9 88 U1 5 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 368 IS 1-2 BP 222 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.312 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 800VM UT WOS:000220055800027 ER PT J AU Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Dutta, PK Jeelani, S AF Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Dutta, PK Jeelani, S TI Experimental studies on the punch shear characterization of satin weave graphite/epoxy composites at room and elevated temperatures SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE woven composites; dynamic punch shear; Hopkinson's pressure bar; VARIM ID STRAIN-RATE; UNIDIRECTIONAL COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; EPOXY; AS4/3501-6; STRENGTH; LAMINATE; MATRIX; RATES AB In many situations. composite structures are subjected to dynamic loading. To design such structures, there is a need of dynamic material properties. In the current investigation, a compression split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was modified to load the samples in punch shear mode. Experimental studies were conducted to characterize 24-layer satin weave graphite/epoxy laminate samples. Laminates were manufactured using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) process. Samples of nominal size 26 mm x 13 mm x 4 mm were subjected to dynamic punch shear test at three different pressure settings that yielded strain rates in the range of 1500-3500 s(-1) at room and elevated temperatures of 51.7, 79.4 and 107.2 degreesC. Dynamic shear stress-strain properties were evaluated. Failure modes were characterized through optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results of the tests indicate that the dynamic shear strength increases with increase with the strain rate and decreases with temperature for a given strain rate. Higher temperature causes the softening of matrix. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35216 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hosur, MV (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hosur@tuskegee.edu NR 17 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 368 IS 1-2 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2003.11.001 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 800VM UT WOS:000220055800033 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Gersten, B AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Gersten, B TI Atomic-scale computations of the lattice contribution to thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; thermal conductivity; fluctuation-dissipation theorem ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; THIN-FILMS; DIAMOND; HEAT; HYDROCARBONS; TRANSPORT AB The lattice contribution to thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes with three different screw symmetry (chirality) is studied using the Green-Kubo relation from linear response theory and molecular dynamics based thermal current auto-correlation functions. The interactions between carbon atoms are analyzed using the Adaptive Intermolecular Reactive Empirical Bond Order (AIREBO) potential. The results obtained show that, due to an exponential-decay character of the long-time thermal current auto-correlation functions, quite accurate lattice thermal conductivities can be obtained using computational cells considerably smaller than the phonon mean free path. In addition, the computed lattice contributions to thermal conductivities are found to agree within a factor of two with their counterparts obtained using the Boltzmann transport equation. Also, chirality is found to affect lattice thermal conductivity by as much as 20%. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD, AMSRL,WM,MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, 241 Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 33 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 107 IS 2 BP 204 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.11.012 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 804BM UT WOS:000220274200018 ER PT J AU Younick, JJ Koenig, ML Yourick, DL Bronaugh, RL AF Younick, JJ Koenig, ML Yourick, DL Bronaugh, RL TI Fate of chemicals in skin after dermal application: does the in vitro skin reservoir affect the estimate of systemic absorption? SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemicals; skin; absorption ID INVITRO PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; DIHYDROXYACETONE; MUTAGENICITY; INDUCTION; DNA AB Recent international guidelines for the conduct of in vitro skin absorption studies put forward different approaches for addressing the status of chemicals remaining in the stratum corneum and epidermis/dermis at the end of a study. The present study investigated the fate of three chemicals [dihydroxyacetone (DHA), 7-(2H-naphtho[1,2-d]triazol-2-yl)-3-phenylcoumarin (7NTPC), and disperse blue 1 (DB1)] in an in vitro absorption study. In these studies, human and fuzzy rat skin penetration and absorption were determined over 24 or 72 h in flow-through diffusion cells. Skin penetration of these chemicals resulted in relatively low receptor fluid levels but high skin levels. For DHA, penetration studies found approximately 22% of the applied dose remaining in the skin (in both the stratum corneum and viable tissue) as a reservoir after 24 h. Little of the DHA that penetrates into skin is actually available to become systemically absorbed. 7NTPC remaining in the skin after 24 h was approximately 14.7% of the applied dose absorbed. Confocal laser cytometry studies with 7NTPC showed that it is present across skin in mainly the epidermis and dermis with intense fluorescence around hair. For DB1, penetration studies found approximately 10% (ethanol vehicle) and 3% (formulation vehicle) of the applied dose localized in mainly the stratum corneum after 24 h. An extended absorption study (72 h) revealed that little additional DB1 was absorbed into the receptor fluid. Skin levels should not be considered as absorbed material for DHA or DB1, while 7NTPC requires further investigation. These studies illustrate the importance of determining the fate of chemicals remaining in skin, which could significantly affect the estimates of systemically available material to be used in exposure estimates. We recommend that a more conclusive means to determine the fate of skin levels is to perform an extended study as conducted for DB1. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 US FDA, Skin Absorpt & Metab Sect, Cosmet Toxicol Branch, Off Cosmet & Colors, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Younick, JJ (reprint author), US FDA, Skin Absorpt & Metab Sect, Cosmet Toxicol Branch, Off Cosmet & Colors, 8301 Muirkirk Rd,Bldg BRF,HFS-128, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM jyourick@cfsan.fda.gov RI Yourick, Debra/A-2121-2011 NR 34 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 195 IS 3 BP 309 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2003.07.015 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 804FO UT WOS:000220284800006 ER PT J AU Savransky, V Pinelis, D Korolev, S Ionin, B Fegeding, K AF Savransky, V Pinelis, D Korolev, S Ionin, B Fegeding, K TI Immunogenicity of the histidine-to-tyrosine staphylococcal enterotoxin B mutant protein in C3H/HeJ mice SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE immunity; superantigen; vaccine; toxic shock ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; SUPERANTIGEN; VACCINATION; PROTECTION; TOLERANCE; FORMALDEHYDE; MONKEYS; MODEL; CELLS AB Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a common cause of food poisoning and toxic shock. A safe and effective vaccine is needed to protect against the superantigenic effects of this toxin. We previously constructed and produced an apparently nontoxic SEB mutant having four histidine-to-tyrosine substitutions in positions 12, 32, 105, and 121. In the present study, we C found that this H1.2.3.4 SEB mutant had low toxicity, was able to induce high levels of specific IgG antibodies, and protected mice in both the actinomycin D-primed and intranasal SEB intoxication model systems, despite the absence of detectable specific IgM and IgA antibodies. We propose further development of the H1.2.3.4 recombinant protein as a potential anti-SEB vaccine candidate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Good Samaritan Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Fegeding, K (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM fegeding@erols.com NR 25 TC 5 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 4 BP 433 EP 438 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.013 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 815CW UT WOS:000221021400010 PM 15051407 ER PT J AU Semiletov, I Makshtas, A Akasofu, SI Andreas, EL AF Semiletov, I Makshtas, A Akasofu, SI Andreas, EL TI Atmospheric CO(2) balance: The role of Arctic sea ice SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AIR-SAMPLING-NETWORK; CARBON DIOXIDE; OCEAN; WATERS AB Climatic changes in the Northern Hemisphere have led to remarkable environmental changes in the Arctic Ocean, including significant shrinking of sea-ice cover in summer, increased time between sea-ice break-up and freeze-up, and Arctic surface water freshening and warming associated with melting sea-ice, thawing permafrost, and increased runoff [Carmack, 2000; Morison et al., 2000; Semiletov et al., 2000; Serreze et al., 2000]. These changes are commonly attributed to the greenhouse effect resulting from increased carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration. The greenhouse effect should be most pronounced in the Arctic where the largest air CO(2) concentrations and winter-summer variations in the world for a clean background environment were detected [Conway et al., 1994; Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory Data Archive, http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/info/ftpdata.html]. Some increased seasonal variation may be a consequence of increasing summer CO(2) assimilation by plants in response to higher temperature and longer growing season [ Keeling et al., 1996]. Here we show that sea-ice melt ponds and open brine channels form an important spring/summer air CO(2) sink that also must be included in any Arctic regional CO(2) budget; both the direction and amount of CO(2) transfer between air and sea during the open water season may be different from transfer during freezing and thawing, or during winter when CO(2) accumulates beneath Arctic sea-ice. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Ilichov Pacific Oceanol Inst, Far Eastern Branch, Vladivostok, Russia. RP Semiletov, I (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, 930 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM igorsm@iarc.uaf.edu RI Semiletov, Igor/B-3616-2013 NR 24 TC 93 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 13 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 5 AR L05121 DI 10.1029/2003GL017996 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 806KM UT WOS:000220432800001 ER PT J AU Earl, PL Americo, JL Wyatt, LS Eller, LA Whitbeck, JC Cohen, GH Eisenberg, RJ Hartmann, CJ Jackson, DL Kulesh, DA Martinez, MJ Miller, DM Mucker, EM Shamblin, JD Zwiers, SH Huggins, JW Jahrling, PB Moss, B AF Earl, PL Americo, JL Wyatt, LS Eller, LA Whitbeck, JC Cohen, GH Eisenberg, RJ Hartmann, CJ Jackson, DL Kulesh, DA Martinez, MJ Miller, DM Mucker, EM Shamblin, JD Zwiers, SH Huggins, JW Jahrling, PB Moss, B TI Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS PROPAGATION; STRAIN MVA; PROTEIN; NEUTRALIZATION; IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODIES; CHALLENGE; INFECTION; VARIOLA; VECTOR AB The potential use of smallpox as a biological weapon has led to the production and stockpiling of smallpox vaccine and the immunization of some healthcare workers. Another public health goal is the licensing of a safer vaccine that could benefit the millions of people advised not to take the current one because they or their contacts have increased susceptibility to severe vaccine side effects(1). As vaccines can no longer be tested for their ability to prevent smallpox, licensing will necessarily include comparative immunogenicity and protection studies in non-human primates. Here we compare the highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)(2) with the licensed Dryvax vaccine in a monkey model. After two doses of MVA or one dose of MVA followed by Dryvax, antibody binding and neutralizing titres and T-cell responses were equivalent or higher than those induced by Dryvax alone. After challenge with monkeypox virus, unimmunized animals developed more than 500 pustular skin lesions and became gravely ill or died, whereas vaccinated animals were healthy and asymptomatic, except for a small number of transient skin lesions in animals immunized only with MVA. C1 NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Moss, B (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bmoss@nih.gov NR 30 TC 219 Z9 224 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 11 PY 2004 VL 428 IS 6979 BP 182 EP 185 DI 10.1038/nature02331 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 801NW UT WOS:000220103600049 PM 15014500 ER PT J AU Roberts, CW Roberts, F Henriquez, FL Akiyoshi, D Samuel, BU Richards, TA Milhous, W Kyle, D McIntosh, L Hill, GC Chaudhuri, M Tzipori, S McLeod, R AF Roberts, CW Roberts, F Henriquez, FL Akiyoshi, D Samuel, BU Richards, TA Milhous, W Kyle, D McIntosh, L Hill, GC Chaudhuri, M Tzipori, S McLeod, R TI Evidence for mitochondrial-derived alternative oxidase in the apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum: a potential anti-microbial agent target SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Toxoplasmosis CY MAY, 2003 CL Tarrytown, NY DE alternative oxidase; immutans; phylogeny; apicomplexan; mitochondria; Cryptosporidium parvum; Plasmodium; Toxoplasma gondii; antimicrobial ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; SHIKIMATE PATHWAY; BLOOD STAGES; SEQUENCE; RESISTANCE; GENE; DESATURATION AB The observation that Plasmodium falciparum possesses cyanide insensitive respiration that can be inhibited by salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) and propyl gallate is consistent with the presence of an alternative oxidase (AOX). However, the completion and annotation of the P. falciparum genome project did not identify any protein with convincing similarity to the previously described AOXs from plants, fungi or protozoa. We undertook a survey of the available apicomplexan genome projects in an attempt to address this anomaly. Putative AOX sequences were identified and sequenced from both type 1 and 2 strains of Cryptosporidium parvum. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 336 amino acids and has a predicted N-terminal transit sequence similar to that found in proteins targeted to the mitochondria of other species. The potential of AOX as a target for new anti-microbial agents for C. parvum is evident by the ability of SHAM and 8-hydroxyquinoline to inhibit in vitro growth of C. parvum. In spite of the lack of a good candidate for AOX in either the P. falciparum or Toxoplasma gondii genome projects, SHAM and 8-hydroxyquinoline were. found to inhibit the growth of these parasites. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that AOX and the related protein immutans are derived from gene transfers from the mitochondrial endosymbiont and the chloroplast endosymbiont, respectively. These data are consistent with the functional localisation studies conducted thus far, which demonstrate mitochondrial localisation for some AOX and chloroplastidic localization for immutans. The presence of a mitochondrial compartment is further supported by the prediction of a mitochondrial targeting sequence at the N-terminus of the protein and MitoTracker staining of a subcellular compartment in trophozoite and meront stages. These results give insight into the evolution of AOX and demonstrate the potential of targeting the alternative pathway of respiration in apicomplexans. (C) 2003 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Glasgow G4 0NR, Lanark, Scotland. Tufts Univ, Sch Vet Med, North Grafton, MA 01536 USA. Nat Hist Museum, Dept Zool, London SW7 5BD, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bethesda, MD 20170 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Meharry Med Coll, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP McLeod, R (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM rmcleod@midway.uchicago.edu RI Roberts, Craig/B-8016-2008; OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-0653-835X; Henriquez, Fiona/0000-0002-5534-1019 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-50471, R01 AI-43228, N01 AI25466] NR 56 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD MAR 9 PY 2004 VL 34 IS 3 BP 297 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2003.11.002 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 806DB UT WOS:000220413500006 PM 15003491 ER PT J AU Fonseca, DM Keyghobadi, N Malcolm, CA Mehmet, C Schaffner, F Mogi, M Fleischer, RC Wilkerson, RC AF Fonseca, DM Keyghobadi, N Malcolm, CA Mehmet, C Schaffner, F Mogi, M Fleischer, RC Wilkerson, RC TI Emerging vectors in the Culex pipiens complex SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; QUINQUEFASCIATUS; POPULATIONS; INFECTION; BIRDS AB In the Old World, some mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are excellent enzootic vectors of West Nile virus, circulating the virus among birds, whereas others bite mainly humans and other mammals. Here we show that, in northern Europe, such forms differing in behavior and physiology have unique microsatellite fingerprints with no evidence of gene flow between them, as would be expected from distinct species. In the United States, however, hybrids between these forms are ubiquitous. Such hybrids between human-biters and bird-biters may be the bridge vectors contributing to the unprecedented severity and range of the West Nile virus epidemic in North America. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Genet Program, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ London, Queen Mary, Sch Biol Sci, London E1 4NS, England. Adege, Entente Interdept Demousticat Mediterranee, F-34184 Montpellier 4, France. Saga Med Sch, Dept Microbiol, Div Parasitol, Saga 8498501, Japan. RP Fonseca, DM (reprint author), Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM fonseca@acnatsci.org OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1R01GM063258]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU220532] NR 31 TC 240 Z9 253 U1 6 U2 32 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 5 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5663 BP 1535 EP 1538 DI 10.1126/science.1094247 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 800AA UT WOS:000220000100048 PM 15001783 ER PT J AU Eckert, RE Scoville, SL Campbell, CL Shry, EA Stajduhar, KC Potter, R Pearse, L Virmani, R AF Eckert, RE Scoville, SL Campbell, CL Shry, EA Stajduhar, KC Potter, R Pearse, L Virmani, R TI Nontraumatic sudden death during military basic training, 1977-2001 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 SU A BP 11A EP 11A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 780NW UT WOS:000189388500043 ER PT J AU Eckert, RE Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE Love, SS Campbell, CL Scott, W Engler, RJM Collins, LC Arness, MK Riddle, JR Grabenstein, JD AF Eckert, RE Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE Love, SS Campbell, CL Scott, W Engler, RJM Collins, LC Arness, MK Riddle, JR Grabenstein, JD CA Dept Defense Smallpox Vaccination TI Pattern of cardiac isoenzyme elevation in probable smallpox associated myocarditis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Smallpox Vaccinat Clin Evaluat Team, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 SU A BP 184A EP 184A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 780NW UT WOS:000189388500785 ER PT J AU Eckart, RE Kolasa, MW Kwan, MD Stajduhar, KC Peele, ME AF Eckart, RE Kolasa, MW Kwan, MD Stajduhar, KC Peele, ME TI Mean annual change in duration of QTc correlates to 10-year survival following orthotopic heart transplantation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 SU A BP 193A EP 193A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 780NW UT WOS:000189388500823 ER PT J AU Eckert, RE Krasuski, RA Reich, SS Garrett, PD Campbell, CL Shry, EA Peele, ME AF Eckert, RE Krasuski, RA Reich, SS Garrett, PD Campbell, CL Shry, EA Peele, ME TI Cardiac histopathologic changes in young military recruits experiencing sudden death due to anomalous coronary origin compared with obstructive coronary artery disease SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 SU A BP 392A EP 392A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 780NW UT WOS:000189388501662 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Lee, J Grace, KA AF Taylor, AJ Lee, J Grace, KA TI Impact of food and drug administration safety relabeling of simvastatin within a large health care system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 SU A BP 529A EP 530A DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(04)92247-4 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 780NW UT WOS:000189388502250 ER PT J AU Boeckx, L Jansens, G Lauriks, W Albert, DG AF Boeckx, L Jansens, G Lauriks, W Albert, DG TI Modelling acoustic surface waves above a snow layer SO ACTA ACUSTICA UNITED WITH ACUSTICA LA English DT Article ID OUTDOOR SOUND-PROPAGATION; IMPEDANCE MODELS; POROUS LAYER; REFLECTION; POLE AB In a recent article [1] acoustic surface waves have been observed unambiguously above a layer of snow. Surface waves above a layer of polyurethane foam have been modelled in the past, using a model introduced by Johnson-Allard and Champoux. It is shown in this article that the observed surface waves can be modelled using this model with following parameters: qinfinity = 1.5, sigma = 7000 Ns/m(4), phi = 0.81, Lambda = 50 mum, A' = 100 mum and d = 0.21 m. The obtained values for the parameters also correspond to typical values measured for snow. The obtained results are interpreted in view of the movement of the pole in the complex sin 0 plane under influence of the different parameters. C1 Univ Louvain, Dept Phys & Astron, Lab Acoust & Thermal Phys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Boeckx, L (reprint author), Univ Louvain, Dept Phys & Astron, Lab Acoust & Thermal Phys, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU S HIRZEL VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA POSTFACH 10 10 61, D-70 009 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1436-7947 J9 ACTA ACUST UNITED AC JI Acta Acust. United Acust. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 90 IS 2 BP 246 EP 250 PG 5 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 815LP UT WOS:000221044100004 ER PT J AU Gandhi, F Sekula, MK AF Gandhi, F Sekula, MK TI Helicopter vibration reduction using fixed-system auxiliary moments SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Reductions in helicopter rotor hub vibratory loads that can be obtained through the introduction of steady auxiliary pitching and rolling moments in the fixed system are examined. The auxiliary moments allow changes in vehicle attitude and rotor pitch control inputs, such that vibrations can be minimized, while vehicle equilibrium is still satisfied. Because auxiliary moments can be generated by variation of the pitch of the right and left halves of the horizontal tail, the weight penalty, complexity, and performance losses associated with auxiliary lift and thrust (conventional compounding) would be alleviated. A comprehensive rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis was modified to include the fixed system auxiliary moments in the trim equations, and vibration reductions were examined for two different cases: 1) a light BO-105 type helicopter with a four-bladed hingeless rotor at high flight speeds (advance ratio of 0.35) and 2) a medium-weight UH-60 type helicopter with a four-bladed articulated rotor at a more moderate flight speed (advance ratio of 0.25). For the BO-105 type aircraft, a nosedown auxiliary pitching moment and a roll-left auxiliary rolling moment could reduce the in-plane vibratory hub forces by 20-30% when used individually and by 90% when used in combination. For the UH-60 type aircraft, a nosedown auxiliary pitching moment and a roll-right auxiliary rolling moment produced reductions in the range of 15-65% in all components of vibratory hub loads. For both aircraft, the nosedown auxiliary pitching moment increased the nosedown pitch attitude of the aircraft and reduced the rotor longitudinal cyclic flapping and the longitudinal cyclic pitch input. For the BO-105, the roll-left auxiliary moment increased the leftward shaft tilt and no longer required the tip path plane to tilt left relative to the hub plane. This decreased the lateral cyclic pitch input. However, for the UH-60, the roll-right auxiliary moment actually reversed the roll attitude of the aircraft (shaft now tilting right). This required a large leftward tilt of the tip path plane relative to the hub plane and increased the lateral cyclic pitch requirement. When implementation of the auxiliary moments through collective and differential pitch inputs to the horizontal tail was examined, it was observed that the expected reductions in vibration were indeed achieved, but that the auxiliary roll moment generated was smaller than expected due to one-half of the horizontal tail being stalled. C1 Penn State Univ, Rotorcraft Ctr Excellence, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Gandhi, F (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Rotorcraft Ctr Excellence, Dept Aerosp Engn, 229 Hammond Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM fgandhi@psu.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 501 EP 512 DI 10.2514/1.575 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 803MJ UT WOS:000220234900009 ER PT J AU Butani, RC Shaffer, RI Szyjkowski, RD Weeks, BE Speights, LG Kadakia, SC AF Butani, RC Shaffer, RI Szyjkowski, RD Weeks, BE Speights, LG Kadakia, SC TI Rapid diagnosis of infected ascitic fluid using leukocyte esterase dipstick testing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; REAGENT STRIPS; SCREENING-TEST; URINE; URETHRITIS; VARIANT AB Objectives: Ascitic fluid infection is presumptively diagnosed when the fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) concentration equals or exceeds 250 cells/mul. The leukocyte esterase (LE) test has been shown to be a good predictor of the presence of PMNs and bacteria in urine and other body fluids. This study examines the value of the Multistix(R) 10 SG LE Dipstick test for the rapid diagnosis of infected ascitic fluid. Methods: One hundred thirty-six ascitic fluid samples were evaluated by PMN count, culture, and LE Dipstick testing. LE dipstick values of "small" or greater were considered positive. For each sample, the LE test result was compared to the corresponding PMN count and culture result. Results: Ten of the 11 LE-positive samples had PMN greater than or equal to250 cells/mul, while 10 of 12 samples with PMN greater than or equal to250 cells/mul were also LE-positive. Of the 125 LE-negative samples, 123 were also negative by PMN count. One hundred twenty-three of the 124 samples with PMN <250 cells/μl had negative LE tests. There was a less concordant relationship between the LE test and culture results. The sensitivity and specificity of the LE test for detecting ascitic fluid PMN &GE;250 cells/μl were 83% and 99%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 91% and a negative predictive value of 98%. Conclusions: The Multistix(R) leukocyte esterase test is useful for the prompt detection of an elevated ascitic fluid PMN count, and represents a convenient new method for the rapid diagnosis of infected ascitic fluid. C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX USA. SUNY Syracuse, Upstate Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Syracuse, NY USA. RP Butani, RC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHK DM, Div Gastroenterol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 99 IS 3 BP 532 EP 537 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04084.x PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 805QR UT WOS:000220381300025 PM 15056098 ER PT J AU Garlie, TN Gordon, CC AF Garlie, TN Gordon, CC TI Body size differences between males in the National Guard/Reserve Forces, Active Duty forces and Civilian population. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Soldier Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command Provis, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2 MA 24 BP 204 EP 204 PG 1 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 800CL UT WOS:000220006400037 ER PT J AU De Arruda, ME Collins, KM Hochberg, LP Ryan, PR Wirtz, RA Ryan, JR AF De Arruda, ME Collins, KM Hochberg, LP Ryan, PR Wirtz, RA Ryan, JR TI Quantitative determination of sporozoites and circumsporozoite antigen in mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium falciparum or P-vivax SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MALARIA PARASITE; FIELD-EVALUATION; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; VACCINE AB It is essential for malariologists and researchers to have simple and accurate means of assessing the threat of Plasmodium parasites. An attempt was therefore made to re-standardize one of the circumsporozoite (CS) ELISA that can be used to detect and quantify the circumsporozoite antigens of P. falciparum and P. vivax. A two-site, 'sandwich' ELISA based on a monoclonal antibody was used to test for the CS antigen and sporozoites of each Plasmodium species simultaneously. Using the resultant optical-density values, standard curves, that permit the number of sporozoites in an infected mosquito to be estimated from the quantification of the CS antigen, were constructed. Using these plots and the CS ELISA, the presence of just 12.5 sporozoites (i.e. 0.8 pg CS antigen) of P. falciparum, four sporozoites (3.2 pg antigen) of P. vivax-210 or 12.5 sporozoites (32.0 pg antigen) of P. vivax-247 could be demonstrated. C1 CPqAM, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Dept Immunol, BR-50670420 Recife, PE, Brazil. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. RP Ryan, JR (reprint author), Cepheid, 120 Beth Court, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM ryan@cepheid.com NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 98 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1179/000349804225003181 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 809XA UT WOS:000220668200003 PM 15035722 ER PT J AU Teja-Isavadharm, P Peggins, JO Brewer, TG White, NJ Webster, HK Kyle, DE AF Teja-Isavadharm, P Peggins, JO Brewer, TG White, NJ Webster, HK Kyle, DE TI Plasmodium falciparum-based bioassay for measurement of artemisinin derivatives in plasma or serum SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; REDUCTIVE ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; METABOLITE DIHYDROARTEMISININ; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORAL ARTESUNATE; INTRAMUSCULAR ARTEMETHER; ANTIMALARIAL ARTEETHER; ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MAJOR METABOLITE AB Artemisinin and its derivatives, artesunate and artemether, are rapidly acting antimalarials that are used for the treatment of severe and uncomplicated multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria. To optimize treatment regimens that use this new class of antimalarials, there is a need for readily available and reproducible assays to monitor drug levels closely in patients. A sensitive and reproducible bioassay for the measurement of the concentrations of artemisinin derivatives in plasma and serum is described. By modifying the in vitro drug susceptibility test, it was found that antimalarial activity in plasma or serum containing an unknown concentration of drug could be equated to the known concentrations of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) required to inhibit parasite growth. Dose-response curves for a Plasmodium falciparum clone (clone W2) and DHA were used as a standard for each assay. Assays with plasma or serum spiked with DHA proved to be reproducible (coefficient of variation, less than or equal to10.9%), with a lower limit of quantitation equivalent to 2.5 ng of DRA per ml. For plasma spiked with artesunate or artemether, there was good agreement of the results obtained by the bioassay and the concentrations measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The bioassay for measurement of the antimalarial activities of artemisinin derivatives in body fluids requires a smaller volume of plasma or serum and is more sensitive than the presently available HPLC methods, can provide pharmacodynamic parameters for determination of activity against the parasite, and should enhance the design of more appropriate dosage regimens for artemisinin drugs. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. RP Teja-Isavadharm, P (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, 315-6 Rajvithi R, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM paktiyat@afrims.org RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 NR 45 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 48 IS 3 BP 954 EP 960 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.3.954-960.2004 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 780BQ UT WOS:000189351700036 PM 14982789 ER PT J AU Yourchisin, DM Van Walsum, GP AF Yourchisin, DM Van Walsum, GP TI Comparison of microbial inhibition and enzymatic hydrolysis rates of liquid and solid fractions produced from pretreatment of biomass with carbonic acid and liquid hot water SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals CY MAY 04-07, 2003 CL Breckenridge, CO SP US DOE, Off Biomass Program, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Natl Engn & Envirnom Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, USDA, Alltech, Archer Daniels Midland, BBI Int, Biotechnol Ind Org, Breckenridge Brewery, Cargill Inc, Cargill Dow LLC, Coors Brewing Co, Corn Refiners Assoc, E I Du Pont Nemours & Co Inc, Genencor Int, Iogen Corp, Katzen Int, Nat Resources Canada, Novozymes Biotech, Proctor & Gamble, Syngenta, Tate & Lyle, Tembec Ind DE carbonic acid; pretreatment; hydrolysis; corn stover; aspen wood ID FIBER EXPLOSION AFEX; STEAM-EXPLOSION; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; CELLULOSE; HEMICELLULOSE; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; OPTIMIZATION; FERMENTATION; CONVERSION; TECHNOLOGY AB This research quantified the enzymatic digestibility of the solid component and the microbial inhibition of the liquid component of pretreated aspen wood and corn stover hydrolysates. Products of liquid hot water and carbonic acid pretreatment were compared. Pretreatment temperatures tested ranged from 180 to 220degreesC, and reaction times were varied between 4 and 64 min. Both microbial inhibition rates and enzymatic hydrolysis rates showed no difference between pretreatments containing carbonic acid and those not containing no carbonic acid. Microbial inhibition increased as the reaction severity increased, but only above a midpoint severity parameter of 200degreesC for 16 min. Both the rates and yields of enzymatic hydrolysis displayed an increase from the lowest tested reaction severity to the highest tested reaction severity. C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Baylor Univ, Glasscock Energy Res Ctr, Waco, TX 76798 USA. USA, Maneuver Support Ctr, Directorate Combat Dev, Chem Div Concepts, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. RP Van Walsum, GP (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Studies, POB 97266, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM GPeter_van_Walsum@Baylor.edu NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 113 BP 1073 EP 1086 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 817OG UT WOS:000221186200088 PM 15054254 ER PT J AU Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Sun, K Shamatava, I Paulsen, KD AF Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Sun, K Shamatava, I Paulsen, KD TI A hybrid full MAS and combined MAS/TSA algorithm for electromagnetic induction sensing SO APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the Applied-Computational-Electromagnetics-Society CY 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc DE hybrid; method of auxiliary sources; electromagnetic induction; skin-depth; time domain; frequency domain ID TARGETS; FIELDS AB Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensing, in both frequency and time domains, is emerging as one of the most promising remote sensing technologies for detection and discrimination of buried metallic objects, particularly unexploded ordinance (UXO). UXO sites are highly contaminated with metallic clutter so that the major problem is discrimination not detection. This requires high fidelity forward modeling for successful inversion and classification. Recently, the method of auxiliary sources (MAS) has been applied for solving a large range of ultra-wideband (1 Hz- 300 kHz) electromagnetic induction problems [1] - [6]. For a highly conducting and permeable metallic object, when the skin depth becomes small (at high frequency, i.e. induction number >100) the efficiency of the MAS is reduced significantly [6]. Other methods are stressed in this region as well. At the same time the Thin Skin Approximation (TSA) [7] - [9], which is based on the divergence free Maxwell's equation in a thin layer, infinitely close to the boundary interior, has shown very accurate results at high frequency/induction number. In this paper a hybrid algorithm, with standard MAS and also the MAS with TSA, is introduced and applied for solving the electromagnetic induction forward problem. Once the broadband frequency domain (FD) electromagnetic response is found it is translated into time domain (TD) using an inverse Fourier transform specialized for the characteristic TD input form. Numerical experiments are performed for highly conducting and permeable canonical objects, illuminated by a magnetic dipole or a loop antenna. These tests indicate that an algorithm using either the full MAS or MAS-TSA formulation, where appropriate, should provide a simulator that is applicable and efficient enough for fast 3-D solutions on a PC, under all conditions across the EMI band in both frequency and time domains. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Cummings Hall,HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY PI UNIVERSITY PA UNIV MISSISSIPPI, DEPT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA SN 1054-4887 J9 APPL COMPUT ELECTROM JI Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1B BP 112 EP 126 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 845OU UT WOS:000223255000006 ER PT J AU Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Sun, K AF Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Sun, K TI Coupling between highly conducting and permeable metallic objects in the EMI frequency range SO APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the Applied-Computational-Electromagnetics-Society CY 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc DE UXO; low frequency; electromagnetic induction; auxiliary sources; interaction; multiple; scattering AB Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensing, from 10's of Hz up to 100's of kHz, is emerging as one of the most promising remote sensing technologies for detection and discrimination of buried metallic objects, particularly unexploded ordinance (UXO). For a single homogenous target it has been shown that the scattered EMI signal strongly depends on an object's geometry and its electromagnetic parameters. Most if not all UXO contain different kinds of metal. Additionally, UXO sites are often highly contaminated with metallic clutter. Methods are currently needed to distinguish dangerous objects, such as UXO, from innocuous clutter. Recently, analysis of broadband EMI responses from multiple objects has demonstrated significant interaction between them. The main goal of the paper is to investigate interaction phenomena between highly conducting and permeable metallic objects in the EMI frequency range. Numerical results are compared with experimental data for canonical geometries (spheres and cylinders). The results indicate when and how interaction affects the EMI responses and provides guidance for use of this understanding for future target discrimination purposes. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Cummings Hall,HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM fridon.shubitidze@dartmouth.edu NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC PI UNIVERSITY PA UNIV MISSISSIPPI, DEPT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA SN 1054-4887 J9 APPL COMPUT ELECTROM JI Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1B BP 139 EP 148 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 845OU UT WOS:000223255000009 ER PT J AU Lao, JY Huang, JY Wang, DZ Ren, ZF Steeves, D Kimball, B Porter, W AF Lao, JY Huang, JY Wang, DZ Ren, ZF Steeves, D Kimball, B Porter, W TI ZnO nanowalls SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON NANOWALLS; NANOWIRE ARRAYS; GROWTH; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOSTRUCTURES; FABRICATION; TEMPERATURE; DEPOSITION; NANOTUBES AB Wurtzite ZnO nanowall structures have been synthesized on a (110) Al2O3 substrate by a thermal evaporation and condensation method. The nanowalls are connected to each other and have a thickness of about 20-100 nm. An excellent epitaxial relationship with the substrate has been observed by X-ray diffraction. Edge-dislocation dipoles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Photoluminescence measurements show strong UV emission at 390 nm for the white-gray nanowalls grown at high temperature, and very weak UV emission for the reddish nanowalls grown at low temperature. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ren, ZF (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM renzh@bc.edu RI Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 28 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 26 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 78 IS 4 BP 539 EP 542 DI 10.1007/s00339-003-2391-2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 766DX UT WOS:000188347700020 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Bugar, I Bloemer, MJ Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Chorvat, D Chorvat, D Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM AF Konorov, SO Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Bugar, I Bloemer, MJ Beloglazov, VI Skibina, NB Chorvat, D Chorvat, D Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM TI Experimental demonstration of a photonic-crystal-fiber optical diode SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE-FIBER; PULSES; AIR; SPECTROSCOPY; GENERATION; GUIDANCE AB Two cascaded hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers with slightly shifted, but still overlapping, transmission peaks are shown to function as an optical diode for ultra-short laser pulses. Submicrojoule 100-fs Ti:sapphire laser pulses with a spectrum falling within the passband of one of the fibers, but outside the passband of the second fiber, experience spectral broadening due to self-phase modulation in the first fiber. A part of this self-phase-modulation-broadened spectrum is then transmitted through the second fiber. Identical short pulses propagating in the opposite direction are blocked by the second fiber with a shifted passband. A forward-to-backward signal ratio exceeding 40 is achieved with the created photonic-crystal fiber diode for 0.9-muJ, 100-fs pulses of 800-nm Ti:sapphire laser radiation. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119992, Russia. Ctr Int Laser, Bratislava 81219, Slovakia. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Inst Glass Struct Technol & Equipment, Saratov 410044, Russia. RP Zheltikov, AM (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su; zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su RI Bugar, Ignac/A-6725-2015 OI Bugar, Ignac/0000-0001-5228-9844 NR 23 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 78 IS 5 BP 547 EP 550 DI 10.1007/s00340-004-1417-6 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 808JI UT WOS:000220565000005 ER PT J AU Bowery, CR AF Bowery, CR TI General Patton: A soldier's life. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Bowery, CR (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 30 IS 3 BP 499 EP 502 DI 10.1177/0095327X0403000313 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 840BR UT WOS:000222832500012 ER PT J AU Haponsaph, R Darden, JM Chantakulkij, S Sannoi, N de Souza, MS Brown, AE Birx, DL Polonis, VR Pattanapanyasat, K AF Haponsaph, R Darden, JM Chantakulkij, S Sannoi, N de Souza, MS Brown, AE Birx, DL Polonis, VR Pattanapanyasat, K TI In vitro susceptibility of Thai seronegative donor CD8+T lymphocytes to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CD8(+) T-LYMPHOCYTES; PRODUCTIVE INFECTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; CELLS; TYPE-1; AIDS; RECEPTOR; CD4; EXPRESSION; ISOLATE AB To determine whether CD8+ T lymphocytes from Thai donor cells are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, undepleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and CD8-enriched PBMC were infected with HIV-1 Thai subtype B and CRF01_AE (E) primary isolates. Virus kinetics in HIV-1 infection of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes peaked at day 7 or 10 post infection (pi); the TCID50 used for cell infection was proportional to the level of p24 production in the cultures. We also found that the level of p24 antigen in the supernatants of infected undepleted PBMC was significantly higher than that of infected CD8-enriched PBMC. Interestingly, both single positive T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) as well as double positive CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes were infected with HIV-1. The double positive T lymphocytes in PBMC were found only in the presence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. The majority of p24+/CD4-/CD8- T lymphocytes were HIV-1 infected CD4 down-modulated PBMC. This report provides direct evidence that single positive CD8+ T lymphocytes and double positive CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes from Thai donors can be infected with HIV-1 subtypes B and E in vitro. C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Ctr Excellence Flow Cytometry, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Pattanapanyasat, K (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Ctr Excellence Flow Cytometry, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALLERGY IMMUNOL SOC THAILAND, PI BANGKOK PA MAHIDOL UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL, FACULTY TROPICAL MED, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-877X J9 ASIAN PAC J ALLERGY JI Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 22 IS 1 BP 39 EP 48 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 845DW UT WOS:000223217100007 PM 15366657 ER PT J AU Stuart, DT AF Stuart, DT TI NATO and the wider world: from regional collective defence to global coalitions of the willing SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LA English DT Article C1 Dickinson Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Stuart, DT (reprint author), Dickinson Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0004-9913 J9 AUST J INT AFF JI Aust. J. Int. Aff. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 58 IS 1 BP 33 EP 46 DI 10.1080/1035771032000184755 PG 14 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 801QY UT WOS:000220111600003 ER PT J AU Balkin, TJ Kamimori, GH Redmond, DP Vicneulle, RM Thorne, DR Belenky, G Wesensten, NJ AF Balkin, TJ Kamimori, GH Redmond, DP Vicneulle, RM Thorne, DR Belenky, G Wesensten, NJ TI On the importance of countermeasures in sleep and performance models SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fatigue and Performance Modeling Workshop CY JUN 13-14, 2002 CL Seattle, WA DE sleep; performance; countermeasures; mathematical model ID CAFFEINE C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Milit Operat Med Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Balkin, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Bldg 503,Room 2A26,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM thomas.balkin@na.amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A155 EP A157 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800026 PM 15018278 ER PT J AU Friedl, KE Mallis, MM Ahlers, ST Popkin, SM Larkin, W AF Friedl, KE Mallis, MM Ahlers, ST Popkin, SM Larkin, W TI Research requirements for operational decision-making using models of fatigue and performance SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fatigue and Performance Modeling Workshop CY JUN 13-14, 2002 CL Seattle, WA DE biological models; task performance and analysis; personnel staffing and scheduling; psychomotor performance; cognition; physiology; neuropsychological tests; sleep deprivation; fatigue; physiopathology; biomathematical models; alertness; performance ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; DOSE-RESPONSE; PSYCHOMOTOR VIGILANCE; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; EXPOSURE; INVOLVEMENT; RESTRICTION; ALERTNESS; PATTERNS; CAFFEINE AB Sustained human performance is critical to job and mission success in many federal agencies including national defense, aerospace exploration, and transportation. For the responsible agencies, applications of the basic biomedical and applied human factors science provide the best available solutions to help individuals perform more effectively and with increased safety. Key products of this research are biomathematical models that predict periods of impaired performance, with applications in planning tools, real time monitoring, and intervention decision aids. Since it is difficult to quantify the number of judgment errors or accidents averted, metrics of success for fatigue management systems must be largely based on the accuracy of performance predictions derived from laboratory-based research studies and the extent to which such results can be generalized to the field environment. Performance metrics must, at a minimum, be correlated with occupational task performance to demonstrate relevance to real-world applications. This paper outlines broad goals for human effectiveness research related to fatigue, alertness, and performance. To advance from the present state of knowledge to useful predictive models requires a well-coordinated commitment from federal agencies. Users should be made aware that current models and tests are not likely to encompass all of the aspects of human performance that are relevant to field environments and occupations. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. Volpe Ctr, Dept Transportat, Cambridge, MA USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), POB 29, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM karl.friedl@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A192 EP A199 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800032 PM 15018284 ER PT J AU Hursh, SR Redmond, DP Johnson, ML Thorne, DR Belenky, G Balkin, TJ Storm, WF Miller, JC Eddy, DR AF Hursh, SR Redmond, DP Johnson, ML Thorne, DR Belenky, G Balkin, TJ Storm, WF Miller, JC Eddy, DR TI Fatigue models for applied research in warfighting SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fatigue and Performance Modeling Workshop CY JUN 13-14, 2002 CL Seattle, WA DE sleep; fatigue; circadian rhythm; performance; model; cognitive throughput; sleep inertia; sleep deprivation ID 3-PROCESS MODEL; SLEEP; PERFORMANCE; ALERTNESS; TIME; TEMPERATURE; ACCIDENTS; PATTERNS AB The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) has long pursued applied research concerning fatigue in sustained and continuous military operations. In 1996, Hursh developed a simple homeostatic fatigue model and programmed the model into an actigraph to give a continuous indication of performance. Based on this initial work, the Army conducted a study of 1 wk of restricted sleep in 66 subjects with multiple measures of performance, termed the Sleep Dose-Response Study (SDR). This study provided numerical estimation of parameters for the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Sleep Performance Model (SPM) and elucidated the relationships among several sleep-related performance measures (6). Concurrently, Hursh extended the original actigraph modeling structure and software expressions for use in other practical applications. The model became known as the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) Model, and Hursh has applied it in the construction of a Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool. This software is designed to help optimize the operational management of aviation ground and flight crews, but is not limited to that application. This paper describes the working fatigue model as it is being developed by the DOD laboratories, using the conceptual framework, vernacular, and notation of the SAFTE Model (16). At specific points where the SPM may differ from SAFTE, this is discussed. Extensions of the SAFTE Model to incorporate dynamic phase adjustment for both transmeridian relocation and shift work are described. The unexpected persistence of performance effects following chronic sleep restriction found in the SDR study necessitated some revisions of the SAFTE Model that are also described. The paper concludes with a discussion of several important modeling issues that remain to be addressed. C1 SAIC, BioMed Modeling & Anal Program, Joppa, MD 21085 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Hursh, SR (reprint author), SAIC, BioMed Modeling & Anal Program, 626 Towne Ctr Dr,Suite 201, Joppa, MD 21085 USA. EM hurshs@saic.com NR 48 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 9 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A44 EP A53 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800005 PM 15018265 ER PT J AU Hursh, SR Balkin, TJ AF Hursh, SR Balkin, TJ TI Response to commentary on fatigue models for applied research in warfighting SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Joppa, MD 21085 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hursh, SR (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 626 Towne Ctr Dr,Suite 201, Joppa, MD 21085 USA. EM hurshs@saic.com NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A57 EP A60 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800007 ER PT J AU Johnson, ML Belenky, G Redmond, DP Thorne, DR Williams, JD Hursh, SR Balkin, TJ AF Johnson, ML Belenky, G Redmond, DP Thorne, DR Williams, JD Hursh, SR Balkin, TJ TI Modulating the homeostatic process to predict performance during chronic sleep restriction SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fatigue and Performance Modeling Workshop CY JUN 13-14, 2002 CL Seattle, WA DE chronic sleep restriction; homeostatic process; mathematical modeling; performance ID ALERTNESS; MODELS AB Background: In most current sleep/performance models, the homeostatic process is generally conceived as a simple reservoir in which performance capacity increases exponentially during sleep and decays either linearly or exponentially during wakefulness. Models that include this notional homeostatic process have been successful for describing sleep-performance data under conditions of irregular sleep schedules, jet lag, and short periods of total sleep loss. However, recently described data from sleep restriction studies indicate that recovery following chronically restricted sleep is considerably slower than would be predicted by these models. These findings suggest that chronic sleep restriction induces relatively long-term, slow-recovering changes in brain physiology that affect alertness and performance. Methods: This paper describes, both conceptually and mathematically, a generic modification to sleep/performance models that facilitates the ability to predict the rate at which alertness and performance restoration occurs during recovery sleep following chronic sleep restriction. Weighted nonlinear least-squares methods were used to compare the proposed modulated homeostatic model with recent sleep/performance observations during chronic sleep restriction and recovery. Results: When compared with the classical Walter Reed homeostatic model, this proposed model was found to provide a better description of sleep restriction and recovery observations. The proposed model was also found to be consistent with the data from a recent University of Pennsylvania study. Conclusions: These two models make significantly different predictions of performance during both the recovery phase and the chronic sleep restriction phase. C1 Univ Virginia, Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Univ Virginia, Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD USA. SAIC, Biomed Anal & Modeling Program, Joppa, MD USA. RP Johnson, ML (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, POB 800735, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM mlj8e@virginia.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-08119, RR-00847] NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A141 EP A146 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800024 PM 15018276 ER PT J AU Reifman, J AF Reifman, J TI Alternative methods for modeling fatigue and performance SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fatigue and Performance Modeling Workshop CY JUN 13-14, 2002 CL Seattle, WA DE cognitive models; fatigue and performance models; hybrid models; gray models; artificial neural networks ID NEURAL NETWORKS; SIMULATION; KNOWLEDGE AB The use of nonparametric approaches and semiparametric approaches for modeling fatigue and performance are analyzed. Nonparametric approaches in the form of stand-alone artificial neural networks and semiparametric (hybrid) approaches that combine neural networks with prior process knowledge are explored and compared with existing parametric approaches based on the two-process model of sleep regulation. Within the context of a military application, we explore two notional semiparametric approaches for real-time prediction of cognitive performance on the basis of individualized on-line measurements of physiologic variables. Initial analysis indicates that these alternative modeling approaches may address key technological gaps and advance fatigue and performance modeling. Most notably, these approaches seem amenable to predicting individual performance and quantitatively assessing the reliability of model predictions through estimation of statistical error bounds, which have eluded researchers for the last two decades. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Res Ctr, MCMR-AT 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM reifman@tatrc.org NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A173 EP A180 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800030 PM 15018282 ER PT J AU Reifman, J Gander, P AF Reifman, J Gander, P TI Commentary on the three-process model of alertness and broader modeling issues SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SLEEP LATENCY; PERFORMANCE; FATIGUE C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, MCMR AT, Telemed & Adv Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Massey Univ, Sleep Wake Res Ctr, Wellington, New Zealand. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, MCMR AT, Telemed & Adv Res Ctr, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM reifman@tatrc.org NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A84 EP A88 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800013 PM 15018268 ER PT J AU Van Dongen, HPA Balkin, TJ AF Van Dongen, HPA Balkin, TJ TI Commentary on modeling performance and alertness: The QinetiQ approach SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Unit Expt Psychiat, Dept Psychiat,Div Sleep & Chronobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Van Dongen, HPA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Unit Expt Psychiat, Dept Psychiat,Div Sleep & Chronobiol, 1019 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM vdongen@mail.med.upenn.edu NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 SU 2 BP A104 EP A105 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 811TI UT WOS:000220793800017 ER PT J AU Hering, D Thompson, W Hewetson, J Little, S Norris, S Pace-Templeton, J AF Hering, D Thompson, W Hewetson, J Little, S Norris, S Pace-Templeton, J TI Validation of the anthrax lethal toxin neutralization assay SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE anthrax toxin; neutralization; assay; validation; in vitro ID IMMUNITY AB A validation of the performance characteristics of a toxin neutralization assay is presented. This in vitro assay measures the functional ability of antisera, containing antibodies to anthrax lethal toxin, to specifically protect J774A.1 cells against Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin cytotoxicity. This colormetric assay is based upon the reduction of MTT by living cells. Human and rabbit antisera produced against anthrax vaccine absorbed (AVA) were used to validate the assay. Results showed a high level of repeatability and reproducibility, particularly for a bio-assay. Inter-assay variability in absorbance values was the most prominent negative finding however, an acceptable level was demonstrated with a ratio [neutralization ratio (NR)] of the test serum 50% effective dose (ED50) to the reference standard ED50. Accuracy was maintained even in samples with minimal neutralizing capacity, and linearity, was noted when sample dilutions resulted in accurate prediction of the Y-max and Y-min. Specificity tests demonstrated that normal sera did not have an observable effect on the ability of the reference standard to neutralize toxin. The assay remained stable against time, temperature, and freeze/thaw effects on the reference standards, but not on the toxin. The assay, also remained stable against media and solution storage effects. Cell passage number and cell plating density were two critical parameters identified during the robustness studies that may be responsible for inter-assay variability in absorbance values. The work was performed in accordance with the FDA's Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidance for Industry and the FDA's Good Laboratory Practice for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies (21 CFR Part 58). (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of the International Association for Biologicals. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Prod Dev & Regulatory Affairs, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Res Plans & Programs, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hering, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Prod Dev & Regulatory Affairs, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Donna.Hering@det.amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD MAR PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 17 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2003.09.003 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 807BB UT WOS:000220475900003 PM 15026022 ER PT J AU Hansen, LD Nestler, C Ringelberg, D Bajpai, R AF Hansen, LD Nestler, C Ringelberg, D Bajpai, R TI Extended bioremediation of PAH/PCP contaminated soils from the POPILE wood treatment facility SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE landfarming; creosote; PLFA; microbial community analysis; contaminant leachability; priority organic pollutant (POP) ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT PROCESSES; BENCH-SCALE EVALUATION; PHASE BIOREMEDIATION; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; BIODEGRADATION; REMEDIATION; SEDIMENTS; PAHS AB A study was conducted using two pilot-scale land-treatment units (LTUs) to evaluate the efficacy of different cultivation and maintenance schedules during bioremediation of contaminated soil from a wood treatment facility using landfarming technology. The soil contained high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, similar to13000 ppm) as well as of pentachlorophenol (PCP, similar to1500 ppm). An initial 6-month intensive-treatment phase was followed by 24 months of less-intensive treatment. During the first phase, traditional landfarming practice of regular cultivation was compared with a gas-phase composition based cultivation strategy, and both the landfarming units were intensively monitored and maintained with respect to moisture control and delivery of nutrients. The two strategies resulted in similar contaminant concentration profiles with time during this phase, although different microbial populations developed in the two-landfarming units. The second (less-intensive) treatment phase involved no moisture control and nutrient delivery beyond the initial adjustments, and compared natural attenuation (no cultivation) with quarterly cultivation of soil. Both the strategies showed similar behavior again. GC/MS analysis of the soil samples showed PAH removal including four-ring homologues. Leachability tests at zero time and after 6 and 22 months of operation showed significant reductions in leaching of PCP and low molecular weight PAHs. Extended treatment resulted in some leaching of high molecular weight PAHs. Significant biological activity was demonstrated, even at the high contaminant concentrations. Phospholipid ester-linked fatty acid (PLFA) analysis showed an increase in biomass and a divergence in community composition in soils depending on the treatment conducted. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USACE, Cold Reg Res Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. Appl Res Assoc Inc, Vicksburg, MS USA. USACE, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Bajpai, R (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem Engn, Engn Bldg E,W2016, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bajpair@missouri.edu NR 44 TC 26 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2004 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1481 EP 1493 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.09.046 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 772VT UT WOS:000188863100013 PM 14659950 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Helman, DL Davies, DB Nathan, SD AF Shorr, AF Helman, DL Davies, DB Nathan, SD TI Sarcoidosis, race, and short-term outcomes following lung transplantation SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE mortality; outcomes; race; sarcoidosis; survival; transplantation ID STAGE PULMONARY SARCOIDOSIS; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION AB Background: Patients with sarcoidosis, many of whom are African American, may require lung transplantation (LT). Little is known about survival following LT for sarcoidosis. Objective: To determine short-term mortality following LT for sarcoidosis, to evaluate if survival after LT for sarcoidosis is similar to outcomes after LT for other diseases, and to investigate the impact of race on the results of LT. Design: Retrospective review. Patients: All patients who underwent LT, irrespective of diagnosis, in the United States between January 1995 and December 2000. Measurements: Vital status at 30 days after LT and cause of death. Results: During the study period, 4,721 LTs were performed; of these 133 LTs (2.8%) were for sarcoidosis. Approximately 83% of patients with sarcoidosis survived following LT compared to 91% of persons undergoing transplantation for other reasons (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis controlling both for health insurance status and other factors known to affect survival after LT, patients with sarcoidosis were no more likely to die than persons undergoing transplantation for other conditions (adjusted odds ratio for death, 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 2.48). Significant predictors of mortality included the following: undergoing combined heart-lung transplant, need for mechanical ventilation, treatment in an ICU at time of LT, pre-LT FEV1, need for supplemental oxygen, and donor age. Both recipient race and donor race significantly affected short-term survival. African-American patients were nearly 50% more likely to die (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.20). This difference based on race persisted after excluding heart-lung recipients and after controlling for recipient-donor racial mismatch. The most frequent cause of death for patients with sarcoidosis was graft failure, while infection was the primary cause of death among other LT patients. Conclusions: Patients with sarcoidosis do as well as patients undergoing LT for other diseases. Race is an important factor affecting survival after LT. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. United Network Organ Sharing, Div Stat, Richmond, VA USA. Inova Fairfax Transplant Ctr, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 2004 VL 125 IS 3 BP 990 EP 996 DI 10.1378/chest.125.3.990 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 802GS UT WOS:000220152600029 PM 15006959 ER PT J AU Rafuse, ES AF Rafuse, ES TI Fiction as fact: "The horse soldiers" and popular memory. SO CIVIL WAR HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rafuse, ES (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KENT STATE UNIV PRESS PI KENT PA C/O JOURNALS DEPT, KENT, OH 44242 USA SN 0009-8078 J9 CIVIL WAR HIST JI Civil War Hist. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 1 BP 84 EP 85 DI 10.1353/cwh.2004.0025 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 778LU UT WOS:000189243700019 ER PT J AU Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Kuhn, JG Gerson, SL Johnson, T Smith, L Drengler, RL Campbell, E Weiss, GR Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Kuhn, JG Gerson, SL Johnson, T Smith, L Drengler, RL Campbell, E Weiss, GR Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A randomized phase I and pharmacological trial of sequences of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea and temozolomide in patients with advanced solid neoplasms SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-TUMOR-CELLS; MAMMALIAN O-6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE INHIBITORS; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DNA EXCISION-REPAIR; MISMATCH REPAIR; O6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; ANTITUMOR IMIDAZOTETRAZINES; METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; O-6-METHYLGUANINE-DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE AB Purpose: O-6-alkyl guanine -DNA alkyltransferase (AGAT) is modulated by methylating agents, which, in turn, abrogates nitrosourea resistance in preclinical studies. The feasibility of administering various sequences of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and temozolomide (TEM) in patients with advanced solid neoplasms was evaluated in this Phase I and pharmacological study to assess this premise in the clinical setting. The study also sought to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) levels of BCNU and TEM as a function of Seq, to characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of TEM administered both before and after BCNU, assess AGAT fluctuations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and seek preliminary evidence of anticancer activity. Experimental Design: Sixty-three patients were randomized to receive treatment with oral TEM daily on days 1-5 and BCNU administered i.v., either on day 1 before TEM [Sequence (Seq) B ---> T] or day 5 after TEM (Seq T-B). Treatment was repeated every 6 weeks. Blood sampling for PK studies was performed on both days 1 and 5 of course one. PBMCs were sampled to evaluate major sequence-dependent effects on AGAT levels. Results: Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the principal dose-limiting toxicities of the BCNU/TEM regimen. These effects were more prominent in patients receiving Seq T --> 3-13, resulting in a much lower MTD of 80/100 mg/m(2)/day compared with 150/110 mg/m(2)/day for Seq B-T. Notable antitumor activity was observed in patients with glioblastoma multiforme, sarcoma, and ovarian carcinoma. No sequence-dependent PK effects were noted to account for sequence-dependent toxicological effects. At the MTD level, AGAT activity in PBMCs decreased 3-fold, on average, and AGAT fluctuations did not appear to be sequence-dependent. Conclusions: The principal toxicities of the BCNU/TEM regimen were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, which were consistent and predictable, albeit sequence-dependent. Seq T-B was substantially more myelosuppressive, resulting in disparate MTDs and dose levels recommended for subsequent disease-directed evaluations (150/110 and 80/100 mg/m(2)/day for Seq B --> T and T -->B, respectively). Sequence-dependent differences in TEM PK do not account for this clinically relevant magnitude of sequence-dependent toxicity. The characteristics of the myelosuppressive effects of BCNU/TEM, the paucity of severe nonhematological toxicities, and antitumor activity at tolerable doses warrant disease-directed evaluations on this schedule. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,Zellars Bldg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM Erowinsk@idd.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA54174, CA69853]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01346] NR 74 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1645 EP 1656 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0174 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 801IH UT WOS:000220089100014 PM 15014015 ER PT J AU Wegner, SA Wallace, MR Aronson, NE Tasker, SA Blazes, DL Tamminga, C Fraser, S Dolan, MJ Stephan, KT Michael, NL Jagodzinski, LL Vahey, MT Gilcrest, JL Tracy, L Milazzo, MJ Murphy, DJ McKenna, P Hertogs, K Rinehart, A Larder, B Birx, DL AF Wegner, SA Wallace, MR Aronson, NE Tasker, SA Blazes, DL Tamminga, C Fraser, S Dolan, MJ Stephan, KT Michael, NL Jagodzinski, LL Vahey, MT Gilcrest, JL Tracy, L Milazzo, MJ Murphy, DJ McKenna, P Hertogs, K Rinehart, A Larder, B Birx, DL CA RV 125 Ctrs Educ Res Therapeutics TI Long-term efficacy of routine access to antiretroviral-resistance testing in HIV type 1-infected patients: Results of the clinical efficacy of resistance testing trial SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE; ZIDOVUDINE RESISTANCE; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; THERAPY; INFECTION; PROTEASE; INDIVIDUALS; PREVALENCE; MUTATIONS AB The long-term efficacy of making resistance testing routinely available to clinicians has not been established. We conducted a clinical trial at 6 US military hospitals in which volunteers infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 were randomized to have routine access to phenotype resistance testing (PT arm), access to genotype resistance testing (GT arm), or no access to either test (VB arm). The primary outcome measure was time to persistent treatment failure despite change(s) in antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen. Overall, routine access to resistance testing did not significantly increase the time to end point. Time to end point was significantly prolonged in the PT arm for subjects with a history of treatment with greater than or equal to4 different ART regimens or a history of treatment with nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors before the study, compared with that in the VB arm. These results suggest that routine access to resistance testing can improve long-term virologic outcomes in HIV-infected patients who are treatment experienced but may not impact outcome in patients who are naive to or have had limited experience with ART. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Portsmouth, VA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Portsmouth, VA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Virco Lab, Durham, NC USA. Virco BVBA, Mechelen, Belgium. Resistance Database Initiat, Cambridge, England. RP Wegner, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 30 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 723 EP 730 DI 10.1086/381266 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 777EY UT WOS:000189163900017 PM 14986258 ER PT J AU Morgan, HD McCallister, W Cho, MS Casnellie, MT Leopold, SS AF Morgan, HD McCallister, W Cho, MS Casnellie, MT Leopold, SS TI Impaction allografting for femoral component revision - Clinical update SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; 8-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; CEMENT MANTLE; RADIOSTEREOMETRIC ANALYSIS; CANCELLOUS ALLOGRAFTS; FROZEN-SECTIONS; PROXIMAL FEMUR; POLISHED STEM; BONE LOSS; REPLACEMENT AB The technique of cancellous impaction allografting with cement aims to reconstitute a bone-deficient proximal femur while also gaining stable fixation of the femoral prosthesis. Some reports of this technique imply it is a system, requiring not just an exacting surgical method, but also a particular implant design, the polished, double-tapered stem. Other series consider it a surgical technique, and have varied the femoral component design, the method of graft delivery, and other elements of the procedure. Our review evaluates the current literature, with the goal of beginning to ascertain whether published results suggest impaction grafting must be considered a system, requiring a particular stem design, or simply another means to achieve femoral reconstruction in the revision setting. The conclusive answer will require randomized, controlled clinical trials to evaluate particular elements of the procedure, and these studies have yet to be done. However, investigators have shown similarly good short-term to intermediate-term results with various femoral stems at numerous centers. Currently, femoral impaction allografting, whether as a system using particular implant designs or as a surgical technique, is an accepted alternative for revision of a failed femoral component, particularly when bone-stock deficiency is present. C1 Univ Washington, Ctr Med, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USA, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Orthopaed Surg Serv, El Paso, TX USA. RP Leopold, SS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Ctr Med, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, 1959 NE Pacif St,Box 356500, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM leopold@u.washington.edu NR 55 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD MAR PY 2004 IS 420 BP 160 EP 168 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 808PE UT WOS:000220580200022 PM 15057092 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, D Stulz, D Staab, JE Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF Sawka, MN AF Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, D Stulz, D Staab, JE Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF Sawka, MN TI Intermittent altitude exposures reduce acute mountain sickness at 4300 m SO CLINICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acute mountain sickness; arterial oxygen saturation; hypobaric hypoxia; intermittent hypoxia; urine volume; ventilation ID VENTILATORY RESPONSE; HYPOXIA; EXERCISE; ACCLIMATIZATION; ACETAZOLAMIDE; PERFORMANCE; HUMANS; SYMPTOMS; IMPROVES; CHAMBER AB Acute mountain sickness (AMS) commonly occurs at altitudes exceeding 2000-2500 m and usually resolves after acclimatization induced by a few days of chronic residence at the same altitude. Increased ventilation and diuresis may contribute to the reduction in AMS with altitude acclimatization. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of intermittent altitude exposures (IAE), in combination with rest and exercise training, on the incidence and severity of AMS, resting ventilation and 24-h urine volume at 4300 m. Six lowlanders (age,23 +/- 2 years; body weight, 77 +/- 6 kg; values are means +/- S.E.M.) completed an Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and Lake Louise AMS Scoring System (LLS), a resting end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2) test and a 24-h urine volume collection at sea level (SL) and during a 30 h exposure to 4300 m altitude-equivalent (barometric pressure = 446 mmHg) once before (PrelAE) and once after (PostIAE) a 3-week period of IAE (4 h (.) day(-1), 5 days (.) week(-1), 4300 m). The previously validated factor score, AMS cerebral score, was calculated from the ESQ and the self-report score was calculated from the LLS at 24 h of altitude exposure to assess the incidence and severity of AMS. During each IAE, three subjects cycled for 45-60 min (.) day(-1) at 60-70 % of maximal 02 uptake (Vo(2)max) and three subjects rested. Cycle training during each IAE did not affect any of the measured variables, so data from all six subjects were combined. The results showed that the incidence of AMS (%), determined from both the ESQ and LLS, increased (P < 0.05) from SL (0 +/- 0) to PrelAE (50 +/- 22) at 24 h of altitude exposure and decreased (P < 0.05) from PreIAE to PostIAE (0+/-0). The severity of AMS (i.e. AMS cerebral symptom and LLS self-report scores) increased (P < 0.05) from SL (0.02 +/- 0.02 and 0. 17 +/- 0.17 respectively) to PreIAE (0.49 +/- 0.18 and 4.17 +/- 0.94 respectively) at 24 h of altitude exposure, and decreased (P < 0.05) from PreIAE to PostIAE (0.03 +/- 0.02 and 0.83 +/- 0.31 respectively). Resting PETCO2 (mmHg) decreased (i.e. increase in ventilation; P < 0.05) from SL (38 +/- 1) to PreIAE (32 +/- 1) at 24 h of altitude exposure and decreased further (P < 0.05) from PreIAE to PostlAE (28 +/- 1). In addition, 24-h urine volumes were similar at SL, PreIAE and PostIAE. In conclusion, our findings suggest that 3 weeks of IAE provide an effective alternative to chronic altitude residence for increasing resting ventilation and reducing the incidence and severity of AMS. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Beidleman, BA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM beth.beidleman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 5 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0143-5221 J9 CLIN SCI JI Clin. Sci. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 106 IS 3 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1042/CS20030161 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 802WT UT WOS:000220194300014 PM 14561214 ER PT J AU Bogetti, TA Hoppel, CPR Harik, VM Newill, JF Burns, BP AF Bogetti, TA Hoppel, CPR Harik, VM Newill, JF Burns, BP TI Predicting the nonlinear response and progressive failure of composite laminates SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE composite laminate ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; CRITERION; ENVELOPES; MODELS; MODULI AB A comprehensive comparison of laminate failure models was established to assess the state-of-the-art in laminate modeling technologies on an international level (known as the Worldwide Failure Olympics Exercise) [1]. This paper represents one contribution (Part A) to the Exercise, where predictions for laminate response and failure behavior of various laminates under a broad range of loading conditions are made. A method for predicting the nonlinear stress/strain response and failure behavior of composite laminates is described. Predictions are based on an incremental formulation of a well-established three-dimensional laminated media analysis [2] coupled with a progressive-ply failure methodology. Nonlinear lamina constitutive relations for the composites are represented using the Ramberg-Osgood equation [3]. Piece-wise linear increments in laminate stress and strain are calculated and superimposed to formulate the overall effective nonlinear response. Individual ply stresses and strains are monitored to calculate instantaneous ply stiffnesses for the incremental solution and to establish ply failure levels. The progressive-ply failure approach allows for stress unloading in a ply and discrimination of the various potential modes of failure. Laminate response and failure predictions for 14 different cases are presented. The cases include prediction of the effective nonlinear stress-vs.-strain responses of laminates, as well as, initial and final ply failure envelope predictions under multi-axial loading. Comparison of predictions with actual experimental data will be made in a companion paper to be published in Part B of the Exercise. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Army Res Lab, AMSRL WM MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bogetti, TA (reprint author), USA, Army Res Lab, AMSRL WM MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 64 IS 3-4 BP 329 EP 342 DI 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00217-3 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 763MY UT WOS:000188091000003 ER PT J AU Bogetti, TA Hoppel, CPR Harik, VM Newill, JF Burns, BP AF Bogetti, TA Hoppel, CPR Harik, VM Newill, JF Burns, BP TI Predicting the nonlinear response and failure of composite laminates: correlation with experimental results SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE composite laminate AB A comprehensive comparison of laminate failure models was established to assess the state-of-the-art in laminate modeling technologies on an international level (known as the Worldwide Failure Exercise) [Compos. Sci. Technol. 58(1998) 1001,1011,1225]. In our first contribution to this Exercise (Part A), we presented a complete theoretical description of an analysis methodology and documented predictions for the laminate response and failure behavior of various laminates under a broad range of loading conditions [Compos. Sci. Technol. (in press)]. This paper represents our contribution to Part B of the Exercise where the laminate response and failure predictions for fourteen different cases are presented and compared with actual experimental test data. The cases include prediction of the effective nonlinear stress vs. strain responses of laminates, as well as, initial and final ply failure envelope predictions under multi-axial loading. Correlation between the theoretical predictions and experimental results are discussed. While reasonable correlation was achieved, the failure analysis employed by the authors was not universally accurate in predicting the laminate failure response for the broad range of test cases considered. This statement, although not surprising, is likely true for any given failure methodology as it is applied to a wide range of laminate lay-ups and loading conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bogetti, TA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 64 IS 3-4 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00223-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 763MY UT WOS:000188091000008 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Duh, MS Kelly, KM Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Duh, MS Kelly, KM Kollef, MH CA CRIT Study Grp TI Red blood cell transfusion and ventilator-associated pneumonia: A potential link? SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE blood; intensive care; immunosuppression; outcomes; pneumonia; transfusion; ventilator ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENT; RISK-FACTORS; POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; CLINICAL-TRIAL; IMPACT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY AB Objective: To determine the relationship between packed red blood cell transfusion practice and the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Design. Secondary analysis of a multicentered, prospective observational study of transfusion practice in intensive care units in the United States. Setting. A total of 284 intensive care units in the United States were studied from August 2000 to April 2001. Patients. Patients without pneumonia at intensive care unit admission and who then required at least 48 hrs of mechanical ventilation were considered at risk for VAP. Measurements and Main Results. VAP was diagnosed based on prospectively defined clinical criteria and represented the primary study end point. Late-onset VAP (VAP arising after greater than or equal to5 days of mechanical ventilation) represented a secondary end point. Transfusions given during the intensive care unit stay and before the onset of VAP were. tracked prospectively. Of 4,892 subjects in the original cohort, 1,518 received mechanical ventilation of :48 hrs and did not have preexisting pneumonia. VAP was diagnosed in 311 (20.5%) patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that transfusion independently increased the risk for VAP (odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.68). Other factors increasing the risk for YAP included male sex (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.15-2.07), admission after trauma (odds ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.15-2.47), use of continuous sedation (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07-1.92), and type of nutritional support (e.g., early enteral nutrition: odds ratio, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.93-3.63; total parenteral nutrition: odds ratio, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.24-4.75). The effect of transfusion on late-onset YAP was more pronounced (odds ratio, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.27-3.66) and demonstrated a positive dose-response relationship (p = .0223 for trend test). Conclusions: Transfusion of packed red blood cells increases the risk of developing VAP. Avoiding the unnecessary use of packed red blood cell transfusions may decrease the occurrence of VAP. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Anal Grp, Boston, MA USA. Ortho Biotech, Bridgewater, MA USA. Washington Univ, Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 106 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 32 IS 3 BP 666 EP 674 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.000011481.30477.C3 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 805MA UT WOS:000220369200008 PM 15090945 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF AF Shorr, AF TI Polishing the crystal ball: Improving our understanding of survival in sepsis SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE sepsis; sepsis syndrome; patient outcome assessment; survival analysis; proportional hazards models; Cox model; Gray's model ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; SEPTIC SHOCK; SOFA SCORE; MULTICENTER; SEVERITY; ADULTS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 32 IS 3 BP 885 EP 886 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000115257.59992.DC PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 805MA UT WOS:000220369200046 PM 15090983 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Rinaldi, MG AF Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Rinaldi, MG TI The role of antifungal susceptibility testing in the therapy of candidiasis SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Review DE antifungal; susceptibility testing; candidiasis ID BROTH MICRODILUTION METHOD; IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITY; DIFFERENT AGAR MEDIA; AMPHOTERICIN-B; FLUCONAZOLE SUSCEPTIBILITY; DISK DIFFUSION; ETEST METHOD; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; MACRODILUTION METHOD; COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS AB Prior to the introduction of azoles, no real need for antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) existed, as amphotericin B was the only agent available to treat systemic candidiasis. Introduction of fluconazole and itraconazole provided alternate, less toxic antifungal therapies. Intrinsic resistance of Candida krusei, decreased susceptibility of Candida glabrata, and development of resistance by Candida albicans (in mucosal disease in AIDS) to azoles led to development of our current AFST methodologies. The goal of AFST, like that of antibacterial susceptibility testing, is to predict clinical response, or at least to forecast failure. Although the ability of AFST to predict clinical outcome (clinical correlation) is still being fully elucidated, current methodologies do appear to reliably predict clinical resistance to azoles. Ready access to AFST is currently limited, affecting its timely use, but even with this lack of timeliness, AFST can still play an important role in patient care. Important potential roles include: 1) use in the development of local antibiograms to aid empiric selection of antifungals; 2) testing of isolates from candidemia or deep infection to aid in selection of long-term therapies; and, 3) the testing of isolates from recurrent mucosal disease to aid,in selection of alternative regimens. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Duane.Hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 48 IS 3 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2003.10.003 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 805FA UT WOS:000220351000001 PM 15023422 ER PT J AU Holman, RP Monserrate, NM Czander, EW Rushing, EJ AF Holman, RP Monserrate, NM Czander, EW Rushing, EJ TI West Nile poliomyelitis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID VIRUS-INFECTION C1 Virginia Hosp Ctr, Arlington, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Holman, RP (reprint author), 1715 N George Mason Dr,Suite 108, Arlington, VA 22205 USA. EM robtpholman@aol.com NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 547 EP 548 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 801EO UT WOS:000220079400037 PM 15116712 ER PT J AU Bailey, M Arnas, AO Potter, R Samples, JW AF Bailey, M Arnas, AO Potter, R Samples, JW TI The 20 year evolution of an energy conversion course at the United States Military Academy SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE undergraduate education; mechanical engineering; military; assessment; direct energy conversion technology; thermodynamics AB Over the past several years, an energy conversion course offered by the Mechanical Engineering Program at the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York, has evolved into a cohesive series of lessons addressing three general topical areas: advanced thermodynamics, advanced mechanical system analysis, and direct energy conversion systems. Mechanical engineering majors enroll in Energy Conversion Systems (ME 472) during the fall semester of their senior year as an advanced elective. ME 472 builds directly on the material covered in Thermodynamics (EM 30 1) taken during the student's junior year. In the first segment of ME 472, the students study advanced thermodynamic topics including exergy and combustion analyses. The students then analyze various mechanical systems including refrigeration systems, internal combustion engines, boilers, and fossil fuel fired steam and gas turbine combined power plants. Exergetic efficiencies of various equipment and systems are determined. The final portion of the course covers direct energy conversion technology, including fuel cells, photovoltaics, thermoelectricity, thermionics and magnetohydrodynamics. Supplemental lessons on energy storage, semi-conductors and non-reactive energy sources (such as solar collectors, wind turbines, and hydroelectric plants) are included here. This paper discusses the evolution of ME 472 since its inception and, explains the motivations for the course's progress. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Engn Technol Div, Johnstown, PA 15904 USA. Roger Williams Univ, Sch Engn Comp & Construct Management, Bristol, RI 02809 USA. RP Bailey, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 45 IS 4 BP 495 EP 509 DI 10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00161-4 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA 759XX UT WOS:000187781100003 ER PT J AU Dermatas, D Braida, W Christodoulatos, C Strigul, N Panikov, N Los, M Larson, S AF Dermatas, D Braida, W Christodoulatos, C Strigul, N Panikov, N Los, M Larson, S TI Solubility, sorption, and soil respiration effects of tungsten and tungsten alloys SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE tungsten; solubility; pC-pH; isotherms; environmental impact AB This laboratory study addresses issues related to the fate and transport of tungsten and tungsten oxides in the environment (soil-water). Tungsten dioxide and tungsten trioxide were dissolved in aqueous solutions whose pH had been adjusted from 4.0 to 11.0. For initial pH smaller than 10.0, dissolved tungsten concentration remained fairly constant at around 10.0 mg/L for WO2 and increased from 0.3 mg/L to 2.0 mg/L for WO3 with increasing values of initial pH. Large amounts of dissolved tungsten were found when tungsten powder or alloy pieces were exposed to aqueous solutions. The dissolution occurs along depletion in solution pH and dissolved oxygen concentration. Depending upon the alloying elements present, the final dissolved tungsten concentration varied from 70 to 475 mg/L. Reduction in pH, dissolved oxygen depletion, and high levels of dissolved tungsten may be of relevance to environmental forensics. In the presence of alloying elements such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, tungsten strongly sorbed to well-characterized model soils. Sorption of tungsten to illite and montmorillonite clays occurs with an increase in pH and appears to be nonreversible. This behavior may significantly retard tungsten mobility. The mixing of tungsten powder with soils at rates higher than 3% (w/w) resulted in acidification of the soil matrix and had a significant impact on soil microbial community as determined by soil respiration. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Syst, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Chem & Chem Biol Dept, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. AMSTA, AR, WEH, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. USACE, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Christodoulatos, C (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Syst, Castle Pt Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM christod@stevens-tech.edu RI Strigul, Nick/C-3987-2016 NR 15 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1527-5922 J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS JI Environ. Forensics PD MAR PY 2004 VL 5 IS 1 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1080/15275920490423980 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 809UM UT WOS:000220661600003 ER PT J AU Muste, M Yu, K Pratt, T Abraham, D AF Muste, M Yu, K Pratt, T Abraham, D TI Practical aspects of ADCP data use for quantification of mean river flow characteristics; Part II: fixed-vessel measurements SO FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE acoustic-Doppler current profilers; turbulent river flow characteristics; depth measurement; measurement of near-bed layer velocity AB Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) are increasingly used for velocity and discharge measurements in riverine environment capitalizing on operation efficiency and rugged configuration. Part I of the paper investigated the potential of the moving-boat ADCP measurements to appropriately describe mean velocity field in river cross sections. It was concluded that the ADCP data collected during transects for estimation of discharges is not readily usable for estimation of the mean velocity distribution over the depth. Given the increased demand of the latter data for studies such as sediment transport, ecohabitat restoration, and for supporting numerical simulations, measurements with ADCP at fixed locations are evaluated from the same perspective. The paper reviews first general instrument requirements to accurately measure mean and time-resolved characteristics of turbulent river flows and subsequently formulates practical guidelines for conducting measurements of this kind. Next, the paper analyzes a set of ADCP data collected at fixed river locations using long sampling times. The effect of sampling time length on the accuracy of the mean velocities and turbulence intensities profiles is investigated using several statistical criteria. Time-resolved turbulence characteristics. such as autocorrelation and power spectrum, are also analyzed to verify ADCP capabilities to capture finer details of the turbulence in riverine environment. Additionally, the paper reviews the potential of ADCP fixed-location measurements to measure depth and to quantify near-bed layer velocities. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Muste, M (reprint author), Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM mafian-muste@uiowa.edu NR 27 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-5986 J9 FLOW MEAS INSTRUM JI Flow Meas. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2003.09.002 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 774WJ UT WOS:000189009100002 ER PT J AU Stormont, JC Ramos, R AF Stormont, JC Ramos, R TI Characterization of a fiberglass geotextile for unsaturated in-plane water transport SO GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE geocomposite; capillary barrier; gecomposite capillary barrier drain; geotextile; moisture characteristic curve; unsaturated transmissivity drainage; siphon ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AB The methods and results of the characterization of a woven, multifilament fiberglass geotextile are described in this paper. The moisture characteristic curve was measured with capillary rise and hanging column methods for both wetting and drying paths. In-plane flow was first measured with a simple siphon test, followed by measurement of the unsaturated transmissivity using a constant suction permeameter. The fiberglass geotextile became transmissive during wetting at a suction of 100 mm, and remained transmissive during drying to a suction of 600 mm. A lateral drainage test with the fiberglass geotextile indicated that the geotextile accepted and laterally drained water infiltrating through a soil layer under suctions in excess of 600 mm. The fiberglass geotextile is shown to contain more water and is more transmissive at greater suctions compared to other geotextiles, and has considerable capacity to drain water under suction. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. RP Stormont, JC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0149-6115 J9 GEOTECH TEST J JI Geotech. Test. J. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 27 IS 2 BP 214 EP 219 PG 6 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 840DY UT WOS:000222838400010 ER PT J AU Allard, JE McBroom, JW Zahn, CM McLeod, D Maxwell, GL AF Allard, JE McBroom, JW Zahn, CM McLeod, D Maxwell, GL TI Vaginal metastasis and thrombocytopenia from renal cell carcinoma SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vaginal cancer; renal cell carcinoma; metastasis; thrombocytopenia AB Background. Vaginal cancer represents approximately 1-2% of genital tract malignancies. Most cases represent metastasis from the cervix, endometrium, or colon. Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the vagina is extremely rare. Case. A 58-year-old female presented with a bleeding vaginal lesion. Laboratory studies revealed severe thrombocytopenia, and radiological studies revealed a left renal mass; excision was consistent with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. A subsequent nephrectomy confirmed renal cell carcinoma. Postoperatively, the patient underwent immunotherapy and the thrombocytopenia resolved. Conclusion. We report the first case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as a vaginal metastasis with thrombocytopenia as a paraneoplastic manifestation. Renal cell carcinoma must be in the differential diagnosis of a clear cell neoplasm in a postmenopausal woman, particularly with systemic symptoms suggestive of a paraneoplastic syndrome. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Maxwell, GL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Room 6762,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.maxwell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 92 IS 3 BP 970 EP 973 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2003.11.046 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 800WF UT WOS:000220057700035 PM 14984968 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW Butler, MG AF James, WF Barko, JW Butler, MG TI Shear stress and sediment resuspension in relation to submersed macrophyte biomass SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE macrophytes; resuspension; shallow lakes; shear stress ID SHALLOW PRAIRIE LAKE; WATER-FLOW; SEAGRASS; WIND; BIOMANIPULATION; RESTORATION; RESPONSES; TURBIDITY; TRANSPORT; PLANKTON AB We examined the impacts of macrophyte beds dominated by a canopy-forming (Myriophyllum sibiricum) and a meadow-forming (Chara canescens) species on bottom shear stress (tau) and resuspension in shallow Lake Christina, Minnesota (U.S.A.). Studies were conducted in late summer, 1998, when macrophyte biomass levels exceeded 200 g m(-2), and in early summer, 2000, when biomass was greatly reduced (<20 g m(-2)) in both plant beds. The critical shear stress (τ(c)) of sediments, measured experimentally in the laboratory, was low (1.4 dynes cm(-2)) indicating potential for resuspension in the absence of macrophytes. During 1998, turbidity was low at the M. sibiricum and Chara station, rarely increasing when calculated bottom τ(c) (calculated from wave theory assuming no biomass obstruction) exceeded τ(c), indicating that both beds reduced sediment resuspension at high biomass levels. In situ τ (estimated τ), measured via gypsum sphere dissolution, did not exceed to above the sediment interface in either bed during 1998. In contrast, sediment resuspension occurred in both beds during similar high winds in 2000. However, estimated τ was lower than calculated bottom τ, suggesting that at low biomass., macrophytes were having some impact on τ. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Zool, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM jarnesw1@svtel.net NR 38 TC 38 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 515 IS 1-3 BP 181 EP 191 DI 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027329.67391.c6 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 811PT UT WOS:000220784500016 ER PT J AU James, WF Best, EP Barko, JW AF James, WF Best, EP Barko, JW TI Sediment resuspension and light attenuation in Peoria Lake: can macrophytes improve water quality in this shallow system? SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE light attenuation; macrophytes; resuspension; shear stress ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI-RIVER; VALLISNERIA-AMERICANA; EROSION; GROWTH; MODEL AB We examined sediment resuspension and light attenuation in relation to the potential for macrophytes to improve water quality conditions in Peoria Lake, Illinois (U.S.A.). The lake exhibited high total suspended solids (TSS) loading and retention of predominantly fine-grained particles in 2000. Large fetches along prevailing wind rose, coupled with shallow morphometry and sediment particles composed of >90% silt and clay resulted in frequent periods of sediment resuspension. As calculated (wave theory) shear stress increased above the critical shear stress (measured experimentally), turbidity increased substantially at a resuspension monitoring station. Resuspension model explorations suggested that establishment of submersed aquatic macrophytes could substantially reduce sediment resuspension in Peoria Lake. However, K-d is currently very high, while Secchi transparency low, at inlake stations. Thus, in order to establish a persistent macrophyte population in the lake to control resuspension, the underwater light regime will have to improve quite dramatically. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM jamesw1@svtel.net NR 35 TC 33 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 20 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 515 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027328.00153.b2 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 811PT UT WOS:000220784500017 ER PT J AU Blakely, JN Illing, L Gauthier, DJ AF Blakely, JN Illing, L Gauthier, DJ TI High-speed chaos in an optical feedback system with flexible timescales SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE bifurcation; chaos; delay effects; electrooptic devices; feedback lasers; nonlinear differential equations; nonlinear systems; optoelectronic devices ID HIGHER-HARMONIC BIFURCATIONS; DIODE ACTIVE INTERFEROMETER; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; DELAYED FEEDBACK; COMMUNICATION; SYNCHRONIZATION; OSCILLATOR; MODULATION; DYNAMICS AB We describe a new optoelectronic device with time-delayed feedback that uses a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as passive nonlinearity and a semiconductor laser as a current-to-optical-frequency converter. Band-limited feedback allows tuning of the characteristic time scales of both the periodic and high dimensional chaotic oscillations that can be generated with the device. Our implementation of the device produces oscillations in the frequency range of tens to hundreds of megahertz. We develop a model and use it to explore the experimentally observed Andronov-Hopf bifurcation of the steady state and to estimate the dimension of the chaotic attractor. C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Nonlinear & Complex Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Blakely, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM illing@phy.duke.edu RI Gauthier, Daniel/G-1336-2011; OI Gauthier, Daniel/0000-0002-4473-217X; Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 299 EP 305 DI 10.1109/JQE.2003.823021 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 800ZT UT WOS:000220066900014 ER PT J AU Trope, RL AF Trope, RL TI A warranty of cyberworthiness SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Law, W Point, NY USA. EM trope@verizon.net NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 2 IS 2 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.1109/MSECP.2004.1281252 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 907LA UT WOS:000227718400017 ER PT J AU Singh, VP Sivakumar, P Aguilera, A Morton, DC Forsythe, E AF Singh, VP Sivakumar, P Aguilera, A Morton, DC Forsythe, E TI An analytical model for electron transport and luminance in SrS : Cu,Ag ACTFEL display devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE displays; electroluminescence; flat panel displays; modeling; phosphor; thin film devices ID FILM ELECTROLUMINESCENT DISPLAYS; SRS AB An analytical model is developed to explain electron transport and luminance mechanisms in SrS:Cu,Ag ac thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) display devices. The model includes shallow and deep interface states, bulk traps, and, impact excitation and ionization of activators. Mathematical expressions describing optoelectronic processes in the phosphor layer and interface states are written and numerical solutions for field, current and luminance are obtained. Results of calculations are compared with experimental data. The model is able to simulate the dominant features of the experimental luminance and current waveforms. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Singh, VP (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM vsingh@engr.uky.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD MAR PY 2004 VL 51 IS 3 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1109/TED.2003.822596 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 778NJ UT WOS:000189247400010 ER PT J AU Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Sun, K Paulsen, KD AF Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Sun, K Paulsen, KD TI Investigation of broadband electromagnetic induction scattering by highly conductive, permeable, arbitrarily shaped 3-D objects SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE buried objects; detection; discrimination; electromagnetic induction; metal; method of auxiliary sources; permeable; scattering; unexploded ordinance (UXO) ID TARGETS AB Operating as low as tens of hertz and as high as hundreds of kilohertz, new broadband electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors have shown promise for classification of unseen buried metallic objects. The three-dimensional (3-D) and bodies-of-revolution (BOR) numerical studies reported here are designed to explain key scattering sensitivities that may either be useful in or may limit object classification capability. The target is excited either by a spatially uniform oscillating primary magnetic field or by the oscillating field from a loop antenna. The problem is formulated in terms of Poison's equation for scalar potential outside the object, where conductivity and electric field values are low and consequent conduction currents are generally negligible. The Helmholtz equation for vector potential applies inside the highly conducting and permeable object. In both regions, the electromagnetic phenomena of interest are magneto-quasi-static (MQS). The simulation algorithm uses the method of auxiliary sources (MAS), with auxiliary magnetic charges and auxiliary magnetic current elements distributed on auxiliary surfaces. These surfaces generally conform to but do not coincide with physical surfaces, providing extraordinarily efficient and accurate 3-D solutions. Comparisons to available analytical solutions and experimental data validate the solutions. The simulations and data illuminate broadband MQS scattering phenomenology for both magnetic and nonmagnetic metallic objects. Distinctive sensitivities are shown and signature effects analyzed relative to the scatterer's shape and aspect ratio, orientation, sharp points and edges, finite wall thickness in hollow bodies, and compound structure in which a geometrically complex body consists of a number of distinct sections, e.g., fins. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Fridon.Shubitidze@dartmouth.edu NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 540 EP 556 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.821699 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 813KM UT WOS:000220906000007 ER PT J AU Wang, GX Gertner, G Fang, SF Anderson, AB AF Wang, GX Gertner, G Fang, SF Anderson, AB TI Mapping vegetation cover change using geostatistical methods and bitemporal landsat TM images SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE geostatistics; Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery; mapping; vegetation cover change ID MODELS AB Accurately mapping change in vegetation cover is difficult due to the need for permanent plots to collect field data of the change; errors from georeference, coregistration, and data analysis; a small coefficient of correlation between remote sensing and field data; and limitations of existing methods. In this study, four cosimulation procedures, two collocated cokriging procedures, and two regression procedures were compared. The results showed that with the same cosimulation or collocated cokriging methods, two postestimation procedures led to more accurate estimates than the corresponding two preestimation procedures. Among three postestimation procedures with the same image data, cosimulation resulted in the most accurate estimates and reliable variances, then regression modeling and collocated cokriging. Thus, cosimulation algorithms can be recommended for this purpose. Moreover, the accuracy by a joint cosimulation procedure of 1989 and 1992 vegetation cover was similar to that by a separate cosimulation procedure; however, the joint cosimulation overestimated the average change. In addition, adding more Thematic Mapper images increased the accuracy of mapping for the cosimulation procedures, and the increase was slight for the regression procedures. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Wang, GX (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM wang12@uiuc.edu; Gertner@uiuc.edu; f-shouf@uiuc.edu; Alan.B.Anderson@erdc.army.mil NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 632 EP 643 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2004.823450 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 813KM UT WOS:000220906000016 ER PT J AU Kozick, RJ Sadler, BM AF Kozick, RJ Sadler, BM TI Source localization with distributed sensor arrays and partial spatial coherence SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE acoustic arrays; array signal processing; decentralized signal processing; delay estimation; imperfect spatial coherence; sensors; source localization; statistical performance bounds ID TIME-DELAY ESTIMATION; OF-ARRIVAL ESTIMATION; FUNDAMENTAL LIMITATIONS; TARGET TRACKING; WAVE-FRONTS; DIRECTION; ESTIMATOR; SYSTEMS; ESPRIT; NOISE AB Multiple sensor arrays provide the means for highly accurate localization of the (x, y) position of a source. In some applications, such as microphone arrays receiving aeroacoustic signals from ground vehicles, random fluctuations in the air lead to frequency-selective coherence losses in the signals that arrive at widely separated sensors. We present performance analysis for localization of a wideband source using multiple, distributed sensor arrays. The wavefronts are modeled with perfect spatial coherence over individual arrays and frequency-selective coherence between distinct arrays, and the sensor signals are modeled as wideband, Gaussian random processes. Analysis of the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on source localization accuracy reveals that a distributed processing scheme involving bearing estimation at the individual arrays and time-delay estimation (TDE) between sensors on different arrays performs nearly as well as the optimum scheme while requiring less communication bandwidth with a central processing node. We develop Ziv-Zakai bounds for TDE with partially coherent signals in order to study the achievability of the CRB. This analysis shows that a threshold value of coherence is required in order to achieve accurate time-delay estimates, and the threshold coherence value depends on the source signal bandwidth, the additive noise level, and the observation time. Results are included based on processing measured aeroacoustic data from ground vehicles to illustrate the frequency-dependent signal coherence and the TDE performance. C1 Bucknell Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kozick, RJ (reprint author), Bucknell Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. EM kozick@bucknell.edu; bsadler@arl.arrny.mil NR 35 TC 62 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 52 IS 3 BP 601 EP 616 DI 10.1109/TSP.2003.822354 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 776QN UT WOS:000189128100004 ER PT J AU Haddad, D Bilcikova, E Witney, AA Carlton, JM White, CE Blair, PL Chattopadhyay, R Russell, J Abot, E Charoenvit, Y Aguiar, JC Carucci, DJ Weiss, WR AF Haddad, D Bilcikova, E Witney, AA Carlton, JM White, CE Blair, PL Chattopadhyay, R Russell, J Abot, E Charoenvit, Y Aguiar, JC Carucci, DJ Weiss, WR TI Novel antigen identification method for discovery of protective malaria antigens by rapid testing of DNA vaccines encoding exons from the parasite genome SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION-LIBRARY IMMUNIZATION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; RODENT MALARIA; SEQUENCE; SCALE; VACCINATION; INFECTION; IMMUNITY AB We describe a novel approach for identifying target antigens for preerythrocytic malaria vaccines. Our strategy is to rapidly test hundreds of DNA vaccines encoding exons from the Plasmodium yoelii yoelii genomic sequence. In this antigen identification method, we measure reduction in parasite burden in the liver after sporozoite challenge in mice. Orthologs of protective P. y. yoelii genes can then be identified in the genomic databases of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax and investigated as candidate antigens for a human vaccine. A pilot study to develop the antigen identification method approach used 192 P. y. yoelii exons from genes expressed during the sporozoite stage of the life cycle. A total of 182 (94%) exons were successfully cloned into a DNA immunization vector with the Gateway cloning technology. To assess immunization strategies, mice were vaccinated with 19 of the new DNA plasmids in addition to the well-characterized protective plasmid encoding P. y. yoelii circumsporozoite protein. Single plasmid immunization by gene gun identified a novel vaccine target antigen which decreased liver parasite burden by 95% and which has orthologs in P. vivax and P. knowlesi but not P. falciparum. Intramuscular injection of DNA plasmids produced a different pattern of protective responses from those seen with gene gun immunization. Intramuscular immunization with plasmid pools could reduce liver parasite burden in mice despite the fact that none of the plasmids was protective when given individually. We conclude that high-throughput cloning of exons into DNA vaccines and their screening is feasible and can rapidly identify new malaria vaccine candidate antigens. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD USA. St George Hosp, Sch Med, London, England. RP Weiss, WR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM weissw@nmrc.navy.mil OI Witney, Adam/0000-0003-4561-7170 NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1594 EP 1602 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1594-1602.2004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 778ZH UT WOS:000189270800045 PM 14977966 ER PT J AU Dorman, SE Hatem, CL Tyagi, S Aird, K Lopez-Molina, J Pitt, MLM Zook, BC Dannenberg, AM Bishai, WR Manabe, YC AF Dorman, SE Hatem, CL Tyagi, S Aird, K Lopez-Molina, J Pitt, MLM Zook, BC Dannenberg, AM Bishai, WR Manabe, YC TI Susceptibility to tuberculosis: clues from studies with inbred and outbred New Zealand white rabbits SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; VIRULENT MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; FACTOR-ALPHA; PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS; GRANULOMA-FORMATION; NATIVELY RESISTANT; TUBERCLE-BACILLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INFECTION; MICE AB The rabbit model of tuberculosis (TB) is important because rabbits develop a disease that is similar to TB in humans, namely, granulomas with caseous necrosis, liquefaction, and cavities. We describe here a comparison of inbred and outhred New Zealand White rabbits infected by aerosol with either Mycobacterium tuberculosis Erdman or H37Rv strain. Five weeks after infection with either bacillary strain, the inbred rabbits had significantly larger pulmonary tubercles than did outbred rabbits (2.7 versus 1.4 mm in diameter; P < 0.01). After infection with H37Rv, the inbred rabbits had significantly more pulmonary tubercles than did the outhred rabbits (98 +/- 12 versus 33 +/- 13; P < 0.01), with more mycobacterial CFU per tubercle (809 +/- 210 versus 215 +/- 115; P = 0.027) (means +/- standard errors of the means). Compared with histologic examination of lung granulomas from outbred rabbits, histologic examination of those from inbred rabbits showed more caseous necrosis, more visible bacilli, and fewer mature epithelioid cells. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to intradermal tuberculin were significantly lower, and peritoneal macrophages from uninfected inbred rabbits produced significantly less tumor necrosis factor alpha after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro than those from the outbred rabbits (2,413 +/- 1,154 versus 8,879 +/- 966 pg/ml). We conclude that these inbred rabbits were more susceptible to TB than their outbred counterparts and had an impaired ability to contain disease, resulting in more grossly visible tubercles that were larger than those observed in outbred rabbits. Preliminary evidence is presented for a cell-mediated immune defect with lower DTH responses and macrophages that have a decreased ability to respond to in vitro stimulation with LPS or M. tuberculosis infection. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Frederick, MD USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Manabe, YC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 1503 E Jefferson St,Rm 1108, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. EM ymanabe@jhmi.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL071554, HL71554-01]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-75320] NR 35 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1700 EP 1705 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1700-1705.2004 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 778ZH UT WOS:000189270800057 PM 14977978 ER PT J AU Okulicz, JF Stibich, AS Elston, DM Schwartz, RA AF Okulicz, JF Stibich, AS Elston, DM Schwartz, RA TI Cutaneous onchocercoma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE; VOLVULUS AB Onchocerciasis is a common, chronic multisystem disease with dermatologic, ocular, and systemic manifestations. Although the disease is endemic in Africa, Latin America, and Yemen, imported cases have been described in the United States. The causative organism, Onchocerca volvulus, is transmitted by the bite of a black fly of the genus Simulium. There are a number of cutaneous manifestations of the disease, including onchocercomas, which are subcutaneous bundles of worms. The antiparasitic agent ivermectin is the drug of choice for both prophylaxis and treatment of active disease. C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schwartz, RA (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. EM roschwar@umdnj.edu NR 19 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 170 EP 172 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02279.x PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 802AE UT WOS:000220135600003 PM 15009384 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD McDowell, DL Bammann, DJ AF Clayton, JD McDowell, DL Bammann, DJ TI A multiscale gradient theory for single crystalline elastoviscoplasticity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID FINITE DEFORMATION PLASTICITY; DISLOCATION DENSITY TENSOR; NONLINEAR CONTINUUM THEORY; GRAIN SUBDIVISION; CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS; POLYCRYSTAL ELASTOVISCOPLASTICITY; GEOMETRICALLY-NECESSARY; CONSTITUTIVE-EQUATIONS; THERMODYNAMICAL THEORY; ELASTOPLASTIC BODIES AB Explicit volume averaging procedures are used to motivate a gradient-type description of single crystalline elastoviscoplasticity. Upon regarding local elastic and plastic deformation gradients within the crystal as continuously differentiable fields, we arrive at a three-term multiplicative decomposition for the volume-averaged deformation gradient, consisting of a recoverable elastic term associated with the average applied stress and average lattice rotation, an inelastic term associated with the average plastic velocity gradient, and a (new) third term reflecting the presence of the residual microelastic deformation gradient within the volume and providing a representation of the kinematics of grain subdivision via formation of low-angle subgrain boundaries, for example. A variant of the classical Eshelby stress tensor provides the driving force for homogenized viscoplastic flow, with slip resistances dictated by densities of geometrically necessary and statistically stored dislocations. Distinctive features of the continuum model include coupling of internal elastic strain energy densities associated with residual and applied stresses, dependency of the single crystalline effective elastic moduli upon evolution of lattice substructure, and a characteristic length potentially based upon both the size of the crystal element used in volume averaging and the grain subdivision measure. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Sci Based Mat Modeling, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP McDowell, DL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM david.mcdowell@me.gatech.edu RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 112 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7225 EI 1879-2197 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 427 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2003.08.001 PG 31 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 770NW UT WOS:000188737700001 ER PT J AU Harrell, LE Thurber, KR Smith, DD AF Harrell, LE Thurber, KR Smith, DD TI Cantilever noise in off-cantilever-resonance force-detected nuclear magnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPE CANTILEVERS AB Early work in force-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (FD-NMR) and magnetic resonance force microscopy was restricted to nuclei with a relatively large gyromagnetic ratio gamma. Increasingly, as researchers look to apply FD-NMR to practical problems, observing isotopes with a small gamma is becoming necessary. The small gamma of these isotopes places severe restrictions on the radio frequency field strength necessary to flip the sample spins at practical cantilever frequencies by adiabatic rapid passage. These restrictions led us to investigate the feasibility of observing FD-NMR by flipping sample spins at a rate well below the cantilever frequency. In this article we show that there is no increase in thermomechanical force noise in off-cantilever-resonance FD-NMR relative to on-cantilever-resonance work. Further, we show that working off-cantilever resonance can reduce artifacts and decrease data acquisition time. The major disadvantage to working off-cantilever resonance-reduced cantilever response-increases the importance of low noise detection of cantilever oscillation. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Harrell, LE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM lee.harrell@usma.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 5 BP 2577 EP 2581 DI 10.1063/1.1643780 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 776VG UT WOS:000189139600060 ER PT J AU Ding, MS AF Ding, MS TI Liquid-solid phase equilibria and thermodynamic modeling for binary organic carbonates SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID PROPYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; DIAGRAMS AB Temperature-composition values of liquid-solid equilibrium were measured calorimetrically and tabulated for 10 binary solutions of these 5 organic carbonates: ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. Further, heat capacity (C-p) and temperature (T-m) and enthalpy (Delta(fus)H) of fusion were measured for the five carbonates, with the C-p values fitted with polynomial functions. Based on these T-m and Delta(fus)H values and polynomial functions of C-p, the binary phase diagrams were fitted with thermodynamic nonideal solution models for an evaluation of the model parameters. The results of the evaluation were tabulated and discussed as an indication of the nature and strength of the molecular interactions between different carbonates. These interactions were shown to determine many of the important features of the binary phase diagrams. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mding@arl.army.mil NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1021/je034134e PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 803JE UT WOS:000220226600021 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Fraser, SL Purcell, BK Ferguson, TM Horvath, LL AF Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Fraser, SL Purcell, BK Ferguson, TM Horvath, LL TI An examination of the transmissibility and clinical utility of auscultation of bowel sounds in all four abdominal quadrants SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 298 EP 299 DI 10.1097/00004836-200403000-00022 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 776JR UT WOS:000189113300022 PM 15128083 ER PT J AU Finkl, CW Andrews, JL Campbell, TJ Benedet, L Waters, JP AF Finkl, CW Andrews, JL Campbell, TJ Benedet, L Waters, JP TI Coupling geological concepts with historical data sets in a MIS framework to prospect for beach-compatible sands on the inner continental shelf: Experience on the eastern Texas Gulf Coast SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE beach erosion; coastal erosion; barrier island; sea-level rise; coastal sediments; paleovalley; vibracore; marine information system; sand resources ID OF-MEXICO; SHORELINE; DELTA; EVOLUTION; FACIES; WAVE AB Chronic erosion of beaches along the eastern Texas barrier island coast is increasingly mitigated by renourishment efforts that periodically place large volumes of sand onshore. Location of beach-quality sands on the inner continental shelf is challenged in an environment where terrestrial rivers deposit fluvial sediments in back bays and lagoons instead of offshore and by shelf areas that are dominated by muds. The search for beach-quality sands thus requires understanding of the coastal geological framework and morphodynamic processes that accompanied late Quaternary evolution in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The occurrence of surficial sand deposits as positive bathymetric features on the seafloor (ridges, shoals, banks) and presence of sands buried in paleovalley (drowned channels) infill sequences makes for complicated search procedures that must accurately differentiate a range of sedimentary settings by geophysical and geotechnical surveys. Compilation of vast amounts of data from historical core logs and newly acquired information in a marine information system (MIS) permits spatial analyses in a format that is compatible with development of a sand search model. The resulting differentiated investigative sand-search methods, that comprise part of the Texas Sand Search Model (TSSM), are able to target potential borrow areas in ebb-tidal shoals, low-relief ridge deposits, high-relief banks, and in mud-covered paleovalley sequences. C1 Coastal Planning & Engn Inc, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. US Army Corps Engn, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. RP Finkl, CW (reprint author), Coastal Planning & Engn Inc, 2481 Boca Raton Blvd, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM cfinkl@coastalplanning.net; jandrews@coastalplanning.net; tcampbel@coastalplanning.net; lbenedet@coastalplanning.net; Jeffrey.p.waters@swg02.usace.army.mil NR 67 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 533 EP 549 DI 10.2112/1551-5036(2004)020[0533:CGCWHD]2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 841UI UT WOS:000222956700014 ER PT J AU Zaman, AA Mathur, S AF Zaman, AA Mathur, S TI Influence of dispersing agents and solution conditions on the solubility of crude kaolin SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE kaolin clay; solubility of kaolin; sodium polyacrylate; sodium hexametaphosphate; sodium silicate ID POLYACRYLIC-ACID; PRECIPITATION KINETICS; ADSORPTION; ALUMINA; DISSOLUTION; RHEOLOGY; SILICA; WATER; OXIDE; 80-DEGREES-C AB Experiments measuring the solubility of kaolin particles in terms of the concentration of aluminum and silicon ions in supernatant were carried out as a function of the pH of the slurry over a wide range of dosages of different dispersing agents varying from 0.5 to 12 mg/(g solids). The concentrations of the metal ions in supernatant were found to be strongly affected by the type and the dosage of the dispersants and pH of the solution. In this study, the mechanism of the reaction between the dispersing agents and kaolin particles was studied and the dissolution capacities of metal ions (aluminum and silicon) were identified from kaolin particles in the absence and presence of dispersing agents. The three anionic dispersing agents used were sodium polyacrylate (Na-PAA), sodium hexametaphosphate (Na-HMP), and sodium silicate (Na-silicate), based on the industrial application of these agents and their ability to produce a stable dispersion for this purpose. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Particle Engn Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Engelhard Corp, Ft Gordon, GA 31031 USA. RP Zaman, AA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Particle Engn Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM zaman@eng.ufl.edu NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 271 IS 1 BP 124 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.09.015 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 771HB UT WOS:000188778600016 PM 14757085 ER PT J AU Thomsen, H Spacone, E Limkatanyu, S Camata, G AF Thomsen, H Spacone, E Limkatanyu, S Camata, G TI Failure mode analyses of reinforced concrete beams strengthened in flexure with externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymers SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE failure modes; fiber reinforced plastics; concrete; reinforced; composite beams; bond stress; constitutive models; numerical analysis ID FRP; PLATES AB As existing structures age or are required to meet the changing demands on our civil infrastructure, poststrengthening and retrofitting are inevitable. A relatively recent technique to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) beams in flexure uses fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strips or sheets glued to the tension side of the beam. A number of researchers have reported that the failure mode of an FRP-strengthened RC beam can change from the desired ductile mode of an underreinforced beam to a brittle one. This paper analyzes the effects of this strengthening technique on the response and failure modes of a reference RC beam. A nonlinear RC beam element model with bond-slip between the concrete and the FRP plate is used to study how the failure mechanism of simply supported strengthened RC beams is affected by the following parameters: plate length, plate width, plate stiffness, and loading type. The beam geometry is kept constant. The parametric studies confirm the experimentally observed results according to which the most commonly observed failure modes due to loss of composite actions are affected by the plate geometric and material properties. In addition, distributed loads (difficult to apply in an experimental test) may not be as sensitive to plate debonding in the region of maximum bending moment as are beams subjected to point loads. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ G DAnnunzio, Fac Architettura, Dept PRICOS, Chieti, Italy. Univ Colorado, Dept CEAE, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Prince Songkla Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Songkhla, Thailand. RP Thomsen, H (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI SPACONE, ENRICO/0000-0002-8304-7028 NR 14 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 8 IS 2 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:2(123) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 808MG UT WOS:000220572600003 ER PT J AU Ly, JQ Bui-Mansfield, LT Kline, MJ DeBerardino, TM Taylor, DC AF Ly, JQ Bui-Mansfield, LT Kline, MJ DeBerardino, TM Taylor, DC TI Bare area of the glenoid - Magnetic resonance appearance with arthroscopic correlation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE shoulder, bare area; glenoid; chondromalacia; magnetic resonance imaging AB Objective: To review the radiologic findings of a rarely reported focal area of acquired cartilage thinning located at the center of the glenoid fossa. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 3 patients, each possessing a bare area of the glenoid detected on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A literature search was performed to obtain the most current information regarding this uncommon entity. Results: Magnetic resonance imaging of the glenoid demonstrated a smoothly marginated subcentimeter area of thinning of the central articular cartilage containing hyperintense joint fluid or contrast in the case with MR arthrography. Arthroscopic correlation was obtained in a single case. Conclusions: The bare area of the glenoid is an acquired cartilage defect located at the center of the glenoid articular surface. Characteristic findings can be seen on MR imaging. Care should be taken not to mistake this acquired condition for posttraurnatic defects of the glenoid articular cartilage. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiobiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Orthoped Surg Serv, W Point, NY USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-8715 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 28 IS 2 BP 229 EP 232 DI 10.1097/00004728-200403000-00013 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 803ZK UT WOS:000220268800013 PM 15091128 ER PT J AU Blank, S AF Blank, S TI The soviet defence-industry complex from Stalin to Khrushchev. SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Blank, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC PI NASHVILLE PA 2014 BROADWAY, STE 305, NASHVILLE, TN 37203 USA SN 0022-0515 J9 J ECON LIT JI J. Econ. Lit. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 1 BP 210 EP 211 PG 2 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 814DH UT WOS:000220954900035 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Gila, BP Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Buyanova, IA Rudko, GY Chen, WM Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Gila, BP Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Buyanova, IA Rudko, GY Chen, WM Pan, CC Chen, GT Chyi, JI Zavada, JM TI Electrical and luminescent properties and the spectra of deep centers in GaMnN/InGaN light-emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE GaN/InGaN; light-emitting diodes (LEDs); electroluminescence (EL) ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; SPIN INJECTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GAN FILMS; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE; DOPED GAN; MN; FERROMAGNETISM; SPINTRONICS; ORIGIN AB Electrical and electroluminescent properties were studied for GaN/InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with the n-GaN layer up and with the top portion of the n layer made of undoped GaMnN to allow polarization modulation by applying an external magnetic field (so-called "spin-LEDs"). The contact annealing temperature was kept to 750degreesC, which is the thermal stability limit for retaining room-temperature magnetic ordering in the GaMnN layer. Measurable electroluminescence (EL) was obtained in these structures at threshold voltages of similar to15 V, with a lower EL signal compared to control LEDs without Mn. This is related to the existence of two parasitic junctions between the metal and the lower contact p-type layer and between the GaMnN and the n-GaN in the top contact layer. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Buyanova, Irina/A-8924-2015; Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; Buyanova, Irina/0000-0001-7155-7103; Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 33 IS 3 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0186-7 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 803LV UT WOS:000220233500013 ER PT J AU Ramirez, D Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Hay, KJ AF Ramirez, D Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Hay, KJ TI Equilibrium adsorption of phenol-, tire-, and coal-derived activated carbons for organic vapors SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID PHASE ADSORPTION; CLOTH; PREDICTION; ADSORBENTS; DESORPTION; ISOTHERMS; MODEL; GAS AB Adsorption isotherms for alkane, aromatic, and ketone. vapors were determined for activated carbon fiber cloth, tire-derived activated carbon and coal-derived activated carbon adsorbents. Physical and chemical properties of the vapors and adsorbents were used to interpret these results that were obtained from 20 to 50degreesC, with a more limited data set at 125 and 175degreesC and relative pressures between 0 and 0.99. Fitted isotherms using the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption models had mean total relative errors <5.6 and 9.2% for the microporous and mesoporous/macroporous adsorbents, respectively, at the temperature range from 20 to 50degreesC. The predictive direct quantitative structure activity relationship model had mean total relative errors <9.7 and 61% for the microporous and mesoporous/macroporous adsorbents, respectively, at the temperature range from 20 to 50degreesC without requiring experimental input. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Ramirez, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM dramirz1@uiuc.edu NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 231 EP 241 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:3(231) PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779YG UT WOS:000189329600004 ER PT J AU Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Dombrowski, KD Hay, KJ AF Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Dombrowski, KD Hay, KJ TI Capture of organic vapors using adsorption and electrothermal regeneration SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED CARBON CLOTH; DESORPTION; FIBERS; MODEL AB Activated-carbon-fiber cloth (ACFC) is an alternative adsorbent to granular activated carbon (GAC) for removing and recovering organic vapors from gas streams. Electrothermal desorption (ED) of ACFC provides rapid regeneration while requiring less energy compared to traditional regeneration techniques used with GAC. This paper provides proof-of-concept results from a bench-scale ACFC adsorption system. The automated system captured 1,000 ppmv of hazardous air pollutants/volatile organic compounds (HAPs/ VOCs) from air streams and demonstrated the use of ED, using ac voltage, to recover the HAP/VOC as a pure liquid. The desorbed HAPNOC condensed onto the inner walls of the adsorber and was collected at the bottom of the vessel, without the use of ancillary cooling. Seventy percent of the HAPNOC was collected per cycle as condensate, with the balance being retained in the regenerated adsorber or recycled to the second adsorber. ED with in-vessel condensation results in minimal N-2 consumption and short regeneration cycle times allowing the process to be cost competitive with conventional GAC-based adsorption processes. This technology extends the application of carbon adsorption systems to situations that were previously economically and physically impractical. C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL MLQF, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. URS Corp, Austin, TX 78729 USA. US Army Corp Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Sullivan, PD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL MLQF, 139 Barnes Dr,Suite 2, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. EM patrick.sullivan@tyndall.af.mil NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 13 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 258 EP 267 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:3(258) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779YG UT WOS:000189329600007 ER PT J AU Dombrowski, KD Lehmann, CMB Sullivan, PD Ramirez, D Rood, MJ Hay, KJ AF Dombrowski, KD Lehmann, CMB Sullivan, PD Ramirez, D Rood, MJ Hay, KJ TI Organic vapor recovery and energy efficiency during electric regeneration of an activated carbon fiber cloth adsorber SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTROTHERMAL DESORPTION; GAS STREAMS; ADSORPTION; TEMPERATURE AB An electrothermal-swing adsorption system was demonstrated on the bench scale for capture and recovery of organic vapors from air streams. Methyl propyl ketone (MPK), methyl ethyl ketone, n-hexane, acetone, and methylene chloride were removed and recovered at 200-1,020 ppm(v) in a 40.0 slpm air stream while using activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) adsorbent. Removal efficiencies were greater than 09.9%. Liquid recovery fractions increased with increasing relative pressure, ranging from 0.11 for methylene chloride (P/P-sat= 2.1 X 10(-3)) to greater than 0. 80 for MPK (P/P-sat = 2.2 X 10(-2)). The electrical energy consumed during regeneration per mol of liquid organic compound recovered decreased with increasing relative pressure of the inlet gas stream, ranging from 4,698 kJ/mol for, methylene chloride to 327 kJ/mol for MPK. Equilibrium ACFC adsorption capacity, throughput ratio, and length of unused bed were also evaluated. These results are encouraging for the development of a new technology to capture and readily recover a wide range of organic vapors from air streams. C1 USR Corp, Austin, TX 78729 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLQF, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Dombrowski, KD (reprint author), USR Corp, 9400 Amberglen Blvd, Austin, TX 78729 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 14 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 268 EP 275 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:3(268) PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779YG UT WOS:000189329600008 ER PT J AU Yang, CP Suidan, MT Zhu, XQ Kim, BJ AF Yang, CP Suidan, MT Zhu, XQ Kim, BJ TI Removal of a volatile organic compound in a hybrid rotating drum biofilter SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS ACCUMULATION; TOLUENE; BIOFILTRATION; PERFORMANCE; MODEL AB A hybrid bioreactor, combining an activated sludge process (ASP) and a rotating drum biofilter (RDB), was developed and evaluated for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in waste gas streams. The effects of the influent VOC concentration and the organic loading rate on the VOC removal efficiency and on the pattern of biomass accumuluation were investigated. Toluene was used as the model VOC, the flow rate of the waste gas stream was 0.59 L/s, and the empty-bed retention time (EBRT) in the ASP portion was 46 s with an actual retention time of about 2 s. The EBRT in the RDB portion was 38 s based on the drum volume. When the VOC feed concentration increased from 221, to 884 mg toluene/m(3) (from 57.2 to 229 ppm), correspondingly the organic loading rate of the hybrid bioreactor increased from 1.58 to 6.32 kg chemical oxygen demand/m(3)/day (from 0.505 to 2.02 kg toluene/m(3)/day) based on the drum volume, both the ASP and RDB decreased, and the overall toluene removal efficiency declined from 99.8 to 74.1%. Biomass accumulation at different medium depths became more even when the organic loading rate was increased. Part of the applied VOC was biodegraded by the ASP, which suggests that this hybrid bioreactor could achieve longer runs between medium cleanings and higher, VOC removal efficiencies than a single RDB bioreactor without an ASP portion at the same organic loading rate. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. OI Yang, Chunping/0000-0003-3987-2722 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:3(282) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779YG UT WOS:000189329600010 ER PT J AU Matyas, GR Rao, M Pittman, PR Burge, R Robbins, IE Wassef, NM Thivierge, B Alving, CR AF Matyas, GR Rao, M Pittman, PR Burge, R Robbins, IE Wassef, NM Thivierge, B Alving, CR TI Detection of antibodies to squalene III. Naturally occurring antibodies to squalene in humans and mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE squalene; antibody detection; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; anthrax vaccine adsorbed ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ANTIESTROGEN ANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTHRAX VACCINE; SUBUNIT VACCINE; MF59 ADJUVANT; MF59-ADJUVANTED INFLUENZA; CHOLESTEROL PRECURSORS AB An ELISA-based assay is described for the measurement of antibodies to squalene (SQE) in human serum and plasma. The assay was adapted from the previously described assay for murine antibodies to SQE (J. Immunol. Methods 267 (2002) 119). Like the murine SQE antibody assay, the human antibody assay used sterile cell culture 96-well plates coated with SQE (20 nmol/well). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-0.5% casein was used as both a blocking agent and dilution buffer. The assay has a high through-put capacity and is reproducible and quantitative. This assay was used to evaluate samples from three different human cohorts. The first cohort was retired employees of the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID alumni). The mean age was 68 (N=40; range 58-82). Most were vaccinated with the U.S. licensed anthrax vaccine (AVA) and most had received several other vaccines through a USAMRIID special immunization program. The second cohort was of similar age (N=372; mean age 67; range S4-97) from the normal population of Frederick, MD and were not vaccinated with AVA. The third cohort (N-299) was from Camp Memorial Blood Center, United States Army Medical Department Activities, Fort Knox, KY. (No additional volunteer information is available.) Using this new ELISA method, antibodies to SQE were detected in all three of the cohorts. IgG antibodies to SQE were detected in 7.5% and 15.1 % of the samples front the USAMRIID alumni and Frederick cohorts, respectively. These differences were not significantly different (chi((1))(2) = 1.69, p = 0.19). In contrast, no IgG antibodies to SQE were detected in the Foil Knox cohort which is significantly different than the Frederick cohort (chi((1))(2) = 49.25, p < 0.0001). IgM antibodies to SQE were detected in 37.5% and 32.3% of the samples from the USAMRIID and Frederick cohorts, respectively, but there was no significant difference between the cohorts. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biostat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Matyas, GR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gary.matyas@na.amedd.army.mil OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 NR 51 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD MAR PY 2004 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2003.11.002 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 814YL UT WOS:000221009900005 PM 15087221 ER PT J AU Prabhu, P Greenberg, S Lin, N Garfield, I Hamilton, T Petrali, I Garlick, J AF Prabhu, P Greenberg, S Lin, N Garfield, I Hamilton, T Petrali, I Garlick, J TI Characterization of the initial response of engineered human skin to sulfur mustard SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY APR 28-MAY 01, 2004 CL Providence, RI SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Dent Med, Stony Brook, NY USA. LifeCell Inc, Banchburg, NJ USA. US Army Med Res & Materiel Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 122 IS 3 MA 202 BP A34 EP A34 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 809UB UT WOS:000220660500254 ER PT J AU Sithiprasasna, R Jaichapor, B Chanaimongkol, S Khongtak, P Lealsirivattanakul, T Tiang-Trong, S Burkett, DA Perich, MJ Wirtz, RA Coleman, RE AF Sithiprasasna, R Jaichapor, B Chanaimongkol, S Khongtak, P Lealsirivattanakul, T Tiang-Trong, S Burkett, DA Perich, MJ Wirtz, RA Coleman, RE TI Evaluation of candidate traps as tools for conducting surveillance for Anopheles mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic area in western Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; surveillance; malaria; Plasmodium; traps ID LIGHT TRAPS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; KANO-PLAIN; VECTOR; CULICIDAE; RESPONSES; TANZANIA; VILLAGE AB The effectiveness of five mosquito traps at sampling anopheline mosquitoes was compared with landing/biting (L/B) collections in western Thailand. Traps evaluated included a CDC style light trap (CDC LT) with dry ice, the American Biophysics Corporation (ABC) standard light trap (ABC LT) with dry ice and octenol, the ABC counterflow geometry (CFG) trap with dry ice and octenol, the ABC mosquito magnet (MM) trap with octenol, and the Nicosia and Reinhardt Company Mosquito Attractor Device (N&R trap). Mosquito numbers captured in landing-biting collections were 5.2,7.0,7.3,31.1, and 168.8 times greater than those collected in the ABC LT, MM, CDC LT, CFG, and N&R traps, respectively, for Anopheles minimus Theobald, the predominant malaria vector in the region. Similar results were obtained for the secondary malaria vectors Anopheles maculatus Theobald and Anopheles sawadwongporni Rattanarithikul & Green. Only Anopheles kochi Doenitz was collected in significantly, greater numbers in the CDC LT, ABC LT, and MM traps compared with L/B collections. Although none of the traps were as effective as L/B collections, the ABC LT, MM, and CDC LT were the best alternatives to human bait for the collection of anopheline malaria vectors in Thailand. C1 USA, Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. USAF, Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Risk Analysis, Okinawa, Japan. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Burkett, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. EM coleman@amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.2.151 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 802TJ UT WOS:000220185500002 PM 15061272 ER PT J AU Coleman, RE Kumpitak, C Ponlawat, A Maneechai, N Phunkitchar, V Rachapaew, N Zollner, G Sattabongkot, JN AF Coleman, RE Kumpitak, C Ponlawat, A Maneechai, N Phunkitchar, V Rachapaew, N Zollner, G Sattabongkot, JN TI Infectivity of asymptomatic Plasmodium-infected human populations to Anopheles dirus mosquitoes in western Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Plasmodium; mosquitoes; infectivity ID TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING IMMUNITY; MALARIAL INFECTIVITY; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; GAMETOCYTE CARRIERS; SOUTHERN MEXICO; BURKINA-FASO; SRI-LANKA; VIVAX; GAMBIAE; AREA AB The infectivity of Plasmodium-infected humans in western Thailand was estimated by feeding laboratory-reared Anopheles dirus Peyton and Harrison mosquitoes oil venous blood placed in a membrane-feeding apparatus, Between May 2000 and November 2001, a total of 6,494 blood films collected during an active malaria surveillance program were checked by microscopy For the presence of Plasmodium parasites: 3.3, 4.5, and 0.1% of slides were P. falciparum- (Pf), P. vivax- (Pv), and P. malariae (Pm)-positive. Venous blood was collected from 70, 52, 6, and 4 individuals infected with Pf, Pv, Pm, and mixed Pf/Pv, respectively, with 167 uninfected individuals serving as negative controls. Only 10% (7/70), 13% (7/52), and 0% (0/6) of membrane feeds conducted on Pf-, Pv-, and Pm-infected blood yielded infected mosquitoes. One percent (2/167) of microscope-negative samples infected mosquitoes; however. both samples were subsequently determined to be Pf-positive by polymerase chain reaction. Gametocytes were observed in only 29% (4/14) of the infectious samples. All infectious resulted in low oocyst loads (average of 1.2 oocysts per positive mosquito). Only 4.5% (10/222) of mosquitoes fed on I the seven infectious Pf samples developed oocysts, whereas 2.9% (9/311) of mosquitoes fed on the seven infectious Pv samples developed oocysts. The probability of a mosquito becoming infected with Pf or Pv after a blood meal on a member of the human population in Kong Mon-Tha was estimated to be I in 6,700 and I in 5,700, respectively. The implications toward malaria transmission in western Thailand are discussed. C1 USA, Army Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), USA, Army Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok, Thailand. RI Zollner, Gabriela/B-6073-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI48813-01A1] NR 39 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.2.201 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 802TJ UT WOS:000220185500009 PM 15061279 ER PT J AU Sattabongkot, J Kiattibut, C Kumpitak, C Ponlawat, A Ryan, JR Chan, AST Dave, K Wirtz, RA Coleman, RE AF Sattabongkot, J Kiattibut, C Kumpitak, C Ponlawat, A Ryan, JR Chan, AST Dave, K Wirtz, RA Coleman, RE TI Evaluation of the VecTest Malaria Antigen Panel assay for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum and P-vivax circumsporozoite protein in anopheline mosquitoes in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Plasmodium falciparum; P. vivax; circumsporozoite protein; rapid detection ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SPOROZOITES AB We evaluated the performance of the VecTest Malaria Antigen Panel (V-MAP) assay for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum and P vivax (variants 210 and 247) circumsporozoite protein in anopheline mosquitoes in Thailand. The V-MAP assay is a rapid, one-step procedure using a 'dipstick' wicking test strip. The circmusporozoite (CS) ELISA was use(] as the reference standard. Mosquitoes evaluated in the Study included held-collected specimens (n = 9:30) and laboratory-reared specimens that had been fed on blood collected from patients with and without Plasmodium gametocytes (n = 4,110) Or Oil Cultured P. falciparum gametocytes (n = 262). Field-collected mosquitoes were triturated individually or in pools of 2-5 and tested using 613 V-MAP assays. Laboratory-reared specimens were tested individually using 4,372 V-MAP assays. Assay performance depended on the species of Plasmodium and the number of sporozoites used as the cut-off. For P. falciparum, optimal performance was achieved using a cut-off of 150 sporozoites (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 99.2%, and accuracy = 0.99). For P. virax variant 210, optimal performance was also achieved using a cut-off of 150 sporozoites (sensitivity = 94.8%, specificity = 94.5%, and accuracy = 0.95). We were unable to develop a standard-curve for the CS-ELISA using P. vivax variant 247 because of it lack of sporozoites; however, using a cut-off of 30 pg P. vivax 247 antigen (mosquitoes with less than this amount of antigen were considered negative), assay performance (sensitivity 94.3%, specificity 99.2%, mid accuracy = 0.99) was comparable to that achieved for P. falciparum and P. vivax 210. These results clearly demonstrate that the V-MAP assay performs at an acceptable level and offers practical advantages for field workers needing to make rapid surveys of malaria vectors. C1 USA, Army Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sattabongkot, J (reprint author), USA, Army Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.2.209 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 802TJ UT WOS:000220185500010 PM 15061280 ER PT J AU Gerade, BB Lee, SH Scott, TW Edman, JD Harrington, LC Kitthawee, S Jones, JW Clark, JM AF Gerade, BB Lee, SH Scott, TW Edman, JD Harrington, LC Kitthawee, S Jones, JW Clark, JM TI Field validation of Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae) age estimation by analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; age-grading; mortality; cuticular hydrocarbons; dengue; Thailand AB In previous studies, we developed linear regression models to age-grade female Aedes aegypti L. reared and maintained under controlled laboratory conditions. The models were based on temporal differences between two cuticular hydrocarbons, pentacosane (C25H52) and nonacosane (C29H60), which were extracted from Ae. aeglipti legs and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. These initial models predicted adult female age rip to 165 DD (12-15 calendar d at 28degreesC). The age of older mosquitoes, however, could not be accurately predicted. In this study, our original regression models were tested using age data obtained from mosquitoes maintained in afield laboratory and those that were marked, released, and recaptured in northwestern Thailand. Our field data led to the development of two new regression models: one for the cool-dry season (February-March) and one for the rainy season (July-August). Both models resulted in better estimates of age than the original model and thus improved our ability to predict the age of Ae. aegypti to 15 calendar d. Females older than 15 d can be identified as such, but their exact age cannot yet be estimated. The new models will be useful for epidemiological studies and evaluating the impact of Ae. aeglipti control interventions for disease prevention. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Sch Agr Biotechnol, Suwon 441744, South Korea. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Arbovirus Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Mahidol Univ, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Gerade, BB (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jclark@ent.umass.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI22119] NR 7 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.2.231 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 802TJ UT WOS:000220185500013 PM 15061283 ER PT J AU Carroll, JF Solberg, VB Klun, JA Kramer, M Debboun, M AF Carroll, JF Solberg, VB Klun, JA Kramer, M Debboun, M TI Comparative activity of deet and AI3-37220 repellents against the ticks Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari : Ixodidae) in laboratory bioassays SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioassay; blacklegged tick; lone star tick; personal protection ID LONE STAR TICK; PERSONAL PROTECTION; PRESSURIZED SPRAYS; FIELD-EVALUATION; DAMMINI ACARI; PERMETHRIN; EFFICACY; TRAPS AB The repellents N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) and racemic 2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide (AI3-37220) were evaluated using two different laboratory bioassays to determine their relative effectiveness against host-seeking nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.). In a petri dish bioassay, ticks were released within a ring of repellent on a horizontal filter paper disk. In the second bioassay, ticks were allowed to climb a vertical strip of filter paper whose central portion was treated with a repellent. Deet and AI3-37220 were more effective against I. scapularis than A. americanum nymphs. In the petri dish bioassay, none of the concentrations of deet or AI3-37220 tested confined A. americanum. within the treated ring. However, in the vertical bioassay, both species exhibited avoidance of the repellents, and I. scapularis was repelled by much lower concentrations than A. americanum. I. scapularis were repelled by lower concentrations in the vertical bioassay than in the petri dish bioassay. Deet was slightly more effective against I. scapularis than AI3-37220 in both bioassays, but AI3-37220 was significantly more effective than Beet against A. americanum in the vertical bioassay. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USDA ARS, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Biomet Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. RP Carroll, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-41.2.249 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 802TJ UT WOS:000220185500015 PM 15061285 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Walker, CW Beyer, FL AF Elabd, YA Walker, CW Beyer, FL TI Triblock copolymer ionomer membranes Part II. Structure characterization and its effects on transport properties and direct methanol fuel cell performance SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE direct methanol fuel cell; polymer electrolyte membranes; barrier membranes; electrochemistry; pervaporation ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROTON CONDUCTION; MORPHOLOGY; IMPEDANCE; PERMEABILITY; PERCOLATION; DIBLOCK AB In this study, the morphology. transport properties, selectivity, and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance of a triblock copolymer ionomer, sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (S-SIBS), were investigated. The structure of S-SIBS membranes, ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 meq/g, was characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering and revealed a lamellar morphology with a preferred orientation in the plane of the membrane. Subsequently, proton conductivity measured normal to the plane of the membrane was over 10 times lower than when measured in plane, compared to only a 2.5 times difference in conductivity between the two techniques in Nafion 117. When proton conductivity was measured normal to the plane, the resulting selectivities (i.e. proton conductivity/methanol permeability) of S-SIBS membranes are similar to Nafion 117. A previous study [J. Membrane Sci. 217 (2003) 227] reports 5-10 times higher selectivities compared to Nation 117 when conductivities were measured in plane. In addition, the DMFC performance of S-SIBS (1.0 meq/g) was lower than that of Nation 117. These significant differences in transport properties and fuel cell performance with respect to polymer structure in S-SIBS membranes provide new insights into designing oriented nanostructures in polymer electrolyte membranes for enhanced transport properties for fuel cell applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Elabd, YA (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM elabd@drexel.edu RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 35 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 3 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 231 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.11.019 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 801TG UT WOS:000220117600018 ER PT J AU Allison, SC AF Allison, SC TI Power analysis SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Allison, SC (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 34 IS 3 BP 150 EP 151 DI 10.2519/jospt.2004.0201 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 806VW UT WOS:000220462400011 PM 15089028 ER PT J AU Powers, PA Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Powers, PA Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI The MACIS score predicts the clinical course of papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE thyroid carcinoma; papillary carcinoma; children; neoplasm staging; MACIS; prognosis ID PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; INITIAL THERAPY; CANCER; METASTASES; DECADES; DISEASE; ADULTS; TRENDS AB MACIS (distant Metastasis, patient Age, Completeness of resection, local Invasion, and tumor Size) scores are employed to predict mortality for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in adults. However, this system has not been validated in children and adolescents. We hypothesized that MACIS scores would correlate with recurrent and persistent disease in children. Patients with PTC (n = 48) were divided into those with aggressive (invasive, metastasic, recurrent or persistent disease) or indolent (lacking these features) disease. Those with aggressive PTC (n = 11) had average MACIS score = 5.2 +/- 1.3, compared to 3.7 +/- 0.4 in patients with indolent disease (n = 37, p <0.0005). A cutoff score of 4.0 provides a PPV of 29% and NPV of 94% in predicting recurrence, and a PPV of 43% and NPV of 91% in predicting persistent disease. MACIS scores may be useful in predicting outcome in the pediatric population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Endocrinol Sect, New York, NY USA. RP Powers, PA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM patricia.powers@na.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD PI LONDON PA STE 500, CHESHAM HOUSE, 150 REGENT ST, LONDON W1R 5FA, ENGLAND SN 0334-018X J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 339 EP 343 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 809XV UT WOS:000220670300008 PM 15112910 ER PT J AU Proctor, MP Kumar, A Delgado, IR AF Proctor, MP Kumar, A Delgado, IR TI High-speed, high-temperature finger seal test results SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB A pressure balanced finger seal was tested in NASA's High-Temperature, High-Speed Turbine Seal Test Rig at conditions up to 922 K, 366 m/s, and 517 kPa to study its leakage, power loss, and wear performance at advanced engine conditions. Static, performance, endurance, and postperformance tests were conducted. The finger seal leakage performance met the flow factor goal of 7.72 kg-rootK/MPa-m-s during the endurance test, which simulated expected advanced-engine rated power conditions. The maximum finger seal power loss of 10.4 kW occurred at 366 m/s and 517 kPa across the seal. Further design improvements are needed to reduce seal power loss. Finger seal power loss is comparable to measured brush seal power loss. Most finger seal wear occurred in the initial performance test and the accumulative seal weight loss leveled out over time. With approximately one-half the finger pad thickness remaining after 11 h of testing, the rate of seal wear is acceptable. Furthermore, the high velocity oxygen fuel thermally sprayed (HVOF) chrome carbide coating on the rotor performed well, with a final wear track depth less than 6.35 mum. The finger seal is very sensitive to clearance, and further testing is required to separate and,quantify the effects of changes in radial clearance from apparent hysteresis. C1 NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Mech Components Branch, US Army Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Honeywell Engines, Syst & Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. RP Proctor, MP (reprint author), NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Mech Components Branch, US Army Res Lab, Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.2514/1.9256 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 805MB UT WOS:000220369300014 ER PT J AU Lew, P AF Lew, P TI Warning: This book's warning may be hazardous to your mental health SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY AND THEOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Lew, P (reprint author), Biola Univ, La Mirada, CA 90639 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROSEMEAD SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY PI LA MIRADA PA 13800 BIOLA AVENUE, BIOLA UNIVERSITY, LA MIRADA, CA 90639-0001 USA SN 0091-6471 J9 J PSYCHOL THEOL JI J. Psychol. Theol. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 64 EP 65 PG 2 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Religion SC Psychology; Religion GA 809JX UT WOS:000220634100007 ER PT J AU Pape, TLB Jaffe, NO Savage, T Collins, E Warden, D AF Pape, TLB Jaffe, NO Savage, T Collins, E Warden, D TI Unresolved legal and ethical issues in research of adults with severe traumatic brain injury: Analysis of an ongoing protocol SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE altered consciousness; bioethics; regulations; statutes; traumatic brain injury ID CLINICAL RESEARCH; VEGETATIVE STATE; DECISION-MAKING; NBAC REPORT; CONSENT; REHABILITATION; BUSINESS; RECOVERY; PROXIES; CARE AB This paper synthesizes federal and state laws and bioethics literature with observations from an ongoing research protocol to identify, define, and clarify the unresolved legal and ethical issues regarding research involving adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Solutions that protect rights and minimize unnecessary impediments to valuable clinical and scientific inquiry are also illustrated using the same protocol. Research was performed at intensive care, inpatient rehabilitation, and long-term acute chronic hospitals. Our research protocol identified five areas of law impacting adults with TBI: advanced directives, healthcare surrogacy acts, probate acts, power of attorney acts, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The published bioethics literature and responses from local human subject institutional review boards (IRBs) suggest that some of the unresolved ethical issues in research include defining vulnerability, defining informed voluntary consent, determining competency and/or decision-making capacity, using caregivers as subjects, and conducting multisite cooperative studies. Collaboration with IRB members and administrators as well as legal and research ethic scholars developed procedures that protect rights while avoiding unnecessary impediments to research. Investigations of persons with TBI and other cognitive impairments are governed by complicated and inconsistent regulations within the Common Rule and federal and state statues. A need for clear and consistent regulatory guidance regarding multisite studies of TBI persists. In lieu of regulatory guidance, carefully researched solutions for critical peer review are needed to guide future multisite investigations of TBI. C1 Edward Hines Jr Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Vet Affairs, Res Serv, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Rehabil Inst Chicago, Ctr Rehabil Outcomes Res, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Off Med Educ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Rush N Shore Med Ctr, Off Legal Affairs, Skokie, IL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Nursing, Dept Med Surg Nursing, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Nursing, Dept Maternal Child Nursing, Chicago, IL USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pape, TLB (reprint author), Edward Hines Jr Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Vet Affairs, Res Serv, POB 5000,151-H, Hines, IL 60141 USA. EM pape@research.hines.med.va.gov OI Pape, Theresa/0000-0001-7738-5963 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 155 EP 173 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2004.02.0155 PG 19 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 826CW UT WOS:000221807600009 PM 15558370 ER PT J AU Gherman, RB Lockrow, EG Flemming, DJ Satin, AJ AF Gherman, RB Lockrow, EG Flemming, DJ Satin, AJ TI Conservative management of spontaneous uterine perforation associated with placenta accreta - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE uterine perforation; placenta accreta; reproduction techniques ID SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE; PERCRETA; UTERUS AB BACKGROUND: Placenta accreta occurring in an unscarred uterus is exceedingly rare. Previous cases of spontaneous uterine perforation associated with placenta accreta were treated with hysterectomy. CASE: A nulliparous woman was clinically diagnosed with placenta accreta when spontaneous vaginal delivery was complicated by postpartum hemorrhage and a retained placenta. Magnetic resonance imaging subsequently revealed focal areas of placenta accreta. Acute-onset abdominal pain and cul-de-sac fluid prompted diagnostic laparoscopy, which revealed a spontaneous uterine perforation in the right posterior-lateral aspect of the uterus. This area was over-sewn, and the patient received 2 weeks of postoperative antibiotics because of Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous uterine perforation associated with placenta accreta can be managed conservatively. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gherman, RB (reprint author), Bethesda Naval Hosp, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 8901 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 210 EP 213 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 807UO UT WOS:000220526600012 PM 15098892 ER PT J AU Shankar, NS AF Shankar, NS TI A new contention resolution procedure for HFC access networks and its performance evaluation SO JOURNAL OF SCHEDULING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Philips Workshop on Scheduling and Resource Management CY JUN 28-29, 2001 CL Eindhoven, NETHERLANDS DE HFC access networks; tree protocols; queuing; delay; IEEE 802.14; cable modern networks ID CHANNELS; DELAY AB dsBidirectional Cable TV networks using hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) systems are good examples of broadcast environments where a contention resolution algorithm is needed in order to allocate the multiaccess medium among various Customers. The medium access control (MAC) scheme, proposed by DAVIC/DVB. IEEE 802.14 and DOCSIS for the upstream channel of HFC access networks is based on a mixable contention-based/contentionless time slot assignment. Contention-less (CL) slots are assigned by the head-end (HE) to end stations according to a reservation scheme. Contention-based slots (CB) are randomly accessed by active terminals without any preliminary allocation and so collisions may occur. To resolve contention the contention tree algorithm has been widely accepted by the DVB/DAVIC, IEEE 802.14 and DOCSIS standards for MAC because of higher throughput and lower access delay. In this paper we propose a simple modification to the existing protocol and analyze its performance. We propose to have one slot in the frame exclusively reserved for the new arrivals that wish to access the channel capacity using contention resolution and at least one more slot reserved for resolving their contention if there was a contention in the arrival slot. This assumption simplifies the protocol to a queuing mechanism and we use the results of the queue to analyze the protocol. The queuing analysis method is used to determine the throughput of the channel and waiting times of the arbitrary customers. Furthermore, we present numerical results and compare that with simulations. C1 USA, Philips Res Labs, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. RP Shankar, NS (reprint author), USA, Philips Res Labs, 345 Scarborough Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1094-6136 J9 J SCHED JI J. Sched. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 2 BP 149 EP 167 DI 10.1023/B:JOSH.0000014070.79482.f7 PG 19 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 822OG UT WOS:000221548900005 ER PT J AU Weinacht, P AF Weinacht, P TI Projectile performance, stability, and free-flight motion prediction using computational fluid dynamics SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES PREDICTIONS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION AB With the recent development of capabilities for predicting damping derivatives, it is now possible to predict the stability characteristics and free-flight motion for projectiles using data that are derived solely from computational fluid dynamics (CFD). As a demonstration of the capability, results are presented for a family of axisymmetric projectiles in supersonic flight. The particular configuration selected has been extensively tested in aeroballistic ranges, and high-quality experimental data have been obtained. Thin-layer Navier-Stokes techniques have been applied to compute the attached viscous flow over the forebody of the projectile and the separated flow in the projectile base region. Parameters that characterize the in-flight motion are subsequently evaluated using the predicted aerodynamic coefficients, including the gyroscopic and dynamic stability factors and the projectile's fast-and slow-mode frequencies and damping coefficients. These parameters are then used to predict the free-flight motion of the projectile. In each case, the computational approach is validated by comparison with experimental data, and very good agreement between computation and experiment is found. It is believed that this demonstration represents the first known instance of a viscous CFD approach being applied to predict all of the necessary data for performance of linear aerodynamics stability and trajectory analyses. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Ballist & Weap Concepts Div,Weap & Mat Res Direct, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Weinacht, P (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Ballist & Weap Concepts Div,Weap & Mat Res Direct, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 257 EP 263 DI 10.2514/1.1037 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 813PY UT WOS:000220920200011 ER PT J AU Houtsma, AJ AF Houtsma, AJ TI Hawkins and Stevens revisited with insert earphones (L) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL BANDWIDTH; BASILAR-MEMBRANE; NOTCHED-NOISE; FREQUENCY; LEVEL AB The classical experiment on masking of pure tones by white noise by Hawkins and Stevens [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22, 6-13 (1950)] has left two general notions about broadband masking that are still being echoed in present-day textbooks on hearing. One is that broadband masking is linear (i.e., if the noise power level increases, the signal threshold level increases by exactly the same amount). The other is the existence of a nonmonotonic function of frequency, the critical ratio (CR) which, unlike the critical band (CB) or equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB) functions, shows a distinct upturn below 300 Hz. Exploring the possibility that Hawkins and Stevens' measurements may have been adversely affected by acoustic leakage at the headphones at low frequencies, the experiment was repeated with insert earphones. The resulting critical ratio function shows a monotonic dependence on frequency down to 90 Hz, similar to CB and ERB functions. Moreover, the CR function appears to closely approximate the ERB function when the dependence of each filter's detection efficiency on masker energy uncertainty is incorporated. Masking appears to be linear below 1000 Hz, but thresholds, expressed as S/N-0 ratios, were found to increase systematically with increasing masker intensity at higher frequencies. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Houtsma, AJ (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 115 IS 3 BP 967 EP 970 DI 10.1121/1.1645246 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 801DF UT WOS:000220075900002 PM 15058317 ER PT J AU Trombetta, LJ AF Trombetta, LJ TI Primary torsion of the omentum: CT appearance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Trombetta, LJ (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 198 IS 3 BP 494 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2003.09.027 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 800RI UT WOS:000220045000020 PM 15008163 ER PT J AU Caan, B Ballard-Barbash, R Slattery, ML Pinsky, JL Iber, FL Mateski, DJ Marshall, JR Paskett, ERD Shike, M Weissfeld, JL Schatzkin, A Lanza, E AF Caan, B Ballard-Barbash, R Slattery, ML Pinsky, JL Iber, FL Mateski, DJ Marshall, JR Paskett, ERD Shike, M Weissfeld, JL Schatzkin, A Lanza, E TI Low energy reporting may increase in intervention participants enrolled in dietary intervention trials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Dietary Assessment Methods CY SEP 17-20, 2000 CL TUCSON, ARIZONA ID DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HABITUAL FOOD-INTAKE; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; BODY-MASS INDEX; PREVENTION TRIAL; FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY; GOLDBERG CUTOFF; MULTIPLE-PASS AB Objective To examine differences in low energy intake reporting between intervention and control groups during a dietary intervention trial. Design Retrospective data analysis from a subcohort of participants in the Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT), a 4-year, multisite, randomized, controlled dietary intervention trial. Intervention consisted of educational material and counseling sessions supporting a low-fat, high-fiber diet. Baseline and annual demographics, behavioral characteristics, energy intake (EI) based on self-reported 4-day food records, and height and weight of participants were collected at baseline and annually. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was estimated (using the Schofield equation) to calculate EI/BMR. Subjects Of the 443 participants (302 male, 141 female) at baseline, 195 (43.3%) were younger than 60 years, and 394 (91%) were white. At Year 4, 383 participants remained: 186 (122 men, 64 women) in the intervention group, and 197 (133 men, 64 women) in the control group. Statistical Analyses Using either paired t tests or analysis of variance, the differences between the means for EI, weight, and EI/BMR were compared at baseline, Year 1, and Year 4 for the participants who remained at Year 4. The Goldberg EI/BMR cutoff value of 1.06 (for plausible EI) identified participants who reported low EI. Linear regression was used to quantify the association of various risk factors to EI/BMR and for multivariate analyses within groups. chi(2) contingency table analysis quantified differences of low energy reporting within groups. Results At baseline, 46.8% of women and 11.6% of men reported lower than plausible El. Only men had a significant increase in low energy reporting after randomization. At Year 1, 18.9% of intervention group men reported low EI compared with 9.8% of control group men (P<.05). At Year 4, 23.0% of intervention group men reported low EI compared with 12.8% of control group men (P<.05). Conclusions/Applications Difference in low EI reporting between intervention and control groups could distort results from dietary intervention trials; interpretation of findings from dietary trials must include this potential bias. Intervention study design should include dietary intake data collection methods that are not subject to such bias (ie, biomarkers and performance criteria) to measure intervention compliance. C1 Kaiser Permanente Med Care Program, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Appl Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Edward Hines Jr Vet Adm Hosp, Gastroenterol Clin, Hines, IL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Serv, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Mem Hosp Canc & Allied Dis, MSK Canc Prevent & Wellness Program, Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NCI, Nutrit Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Caan, B (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Med Care Program, Div Res, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM bjc@dor.kaiser.org FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA048998-10, N01 SC 05316, R01 CA048998] NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 104 IS 3 BP 357 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2003.12.023 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 801DB UT WOS:000220075500007 PM 14993857 ER PT J AU Mandl, KD Overhage, JM Wagner, MM Lober, WB Sebastiani, P Mostashari, F Pavlin, JA Gesteland, PH Treadwell, T Koski, E Hutwagner, L Buckeridge, DL Aller, RD Grannis, S AF Mandl, KD Overhage, JM Wagner, MM Lober, WB Sebastiani, P Mostashari, F Pavlin, JA Gesteland, PH Treadwell, T Koski, E Hutwagner, L Buckeridge, DL Aller, RD Grannis, S TI Implementing syndromic surveillance: A practical guide informed by the early experience SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; BIOTERRORISM; DISEASE; SYSTEM; EMERGENCY; OUTBREAKS; ACCURACY; ANTHRAX AB Syndromic surveillance refers to methods relying on detection of individual and population health indicators that are discernible before confirmed diagnoses are made. In particular, prior to the laboratory confirmation of an infectious disease, ill persons may exhibit behavioral patterns, symptoms, signs, or laboratory findings that can be tracked through a variety of data sources. Syndromic surveillance systems are being developed locally, regionally, and nationally. The efforts have been largely directed at facilitating the early detection of a covert bioterrorist attack, but the technology may also be useful for general public health, clinical medicine, quality improvement, patient safety, and research. This report, authored by developers and methodologists involved in the design and deployment of the first wave of syndromic surveillance systems, is intended to serve as a guide for informaticians, public health managers, and practitioners who are currently planning deployment of such systems in their regions. C1 Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Informat Program, Ctr Biopreparedness,Div Emergency Med,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Reganstrief Inst, Indianapolis, IN USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biomed Informat, Real Time Outbreak & Dis Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med Educ & Biomed Informat, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. New York City Dept Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Intermt Hlth Care, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Quest Diagnost Inc, Teterboro, NJ USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Med Informat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Los Angeles Cty Publ Hlth, Acute Communicable Dis Unit, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mandl, KD (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Informat Program, Ctr Biopreparedness,Div Emergency Med,Sch Med, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kenneth_mandl@harvard.edu OI sebastiani, paola/0000-0001-6419-1545; Overhage, Joseph/0000-0003-0223-0195 FU NLM NIH HHS [N01-LM-9-3536, GO8 LM06625-01, R01LM07677-01, T15 LM/DE07059, 01-T15/LM-7124, 2 T15 LM07117-06]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U90/CCU318753-01]; PHS HHS [290-00-0009, 290-00-0020] NR 74 TC 160 Z9 168 U1 6 U2 26 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.1197/jamia.M1356 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 804IB UT WOS:000220291300009 PM 14633933 ER PT J AU Schoeler, GB Schleich, SS Manweiler, SA Sifuentes, VL AF Schoeler, GB Schleich, SS Manweiler, SA Sifuentes, VL TI Evaluation of surveillance devices for monitoring Aedes Aegypti in an urban area of northeastern Peru SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; traps; surveillance devices ID 1-OCTEN-3-OL; DENGUE; TRAPS; FAY; CDC AB In this study, we assessed the efficacy of the American Biophysics Corporation Standard Professional (ABC-PRO) light trap, the Omni-Directional Fay-Prince trap (with and without CO,), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wilton trap as a means of evaluating populations of adult Aedes aegypti in an urban area of northeastern Peru. Efficacies of collections from each of the trap types were compared to backpack-aspirator collections and human-landing collections. Collections were conducted twice daily, 3 days per week, for 27 wk from July 2001 to July 2002. Backpack-aspirator collections yielded significantly more mosquitoes (1,764) than any of the other collecting methods with a mean of 21.80 mosquitoes collected per sampling period. This method was less specific for Ae. aegypti than were human-landing collections because only 28.3% of mosquitoes collected with backpack aspirators were Ae. aegypti. Human-landing collections yielded only 23% (554/2,411) of the total mosquitoes collected. However, more than 80% (445/554) of the mosquitoes collected by this method were Ae. aegypti. None of the trapping devices evaluated collected mosquitoes, specifically Ae. aegypti, as effectively as backpack-aspirator or human-landing collections. The ABC-PRO trap, which was the most effective device in collecting mosquitoes, particularly Ae. aegypti, collected less than 2% of the total mosquitoes (mean of 0.12 mosquitoes/sampling period), and less than 3% of total Ae. aegypti (mean of 0.11 Ae. aegypti/sampling period). We conclude that none of the trap devices evaluated in this study is an acceptable alternative to backpack-aspirator or human-landing collections for monitoring populations of adult Ae. aegypti in Peru. C1 USN, Med Res Detachment, Dept Entomol, APO, AA 34031 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Metropolitan Mosquito Control Dist, St Paul, MN 55104 USA. RP Schoeler, GB (reprint author), USN, Med Res Detachment, Dept Entomol, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 6 EP 11 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 805LC UT WOS:000220366800002 PM 15088699 ER PT J AU Roppo, MR Lilja, JL Maloney, FA Sames, WJ AF Roppo, MR Lilja, JL Maloney, FA Sames, WJ TI First occurrence of Ochlerotatus japonicus in the State of Washington SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ochlerotatus japonicus; Washington; King County; mosquito ID UNITED-STATES; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; MOSQUITO AB This is a report on the 1st occurrence of Ochlerotatus japonicus in the state of Washington. In August through November 2001, immature stages were found near the King County communities of Carnation (2 sites), Black Diamond, Kent, and Issaquah and were reared to the adult stage for identification and preservation. C1 Washington Dept Hlth, Off Environm Hlth & Safety, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med W, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. RP Roppo, MR (reprint author), Washington Dept Hlth, Off Environm Hlth & Safety, 7171 Cleanwater Lane,Bldg, 3,POB 47825, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. NR 12 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 83 EP 84 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 805LC UT WOS:000220366800011 PM 15088708 ER PT J AU Tricca, D Sibilia, C Severini, S Bertolotti, M Scalora, M Bowden, CM Sakoda, K AF Tricca, D Sibilia, C Severini, S Bertolotti, M Scalora, M Bowden, CM Sakoda, K TI Photonic bandgap structures in planar nonlinear waveguides: application to squeezed-light generation SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; 2ND-ORDER INTERACTION; LITHIUM-NIOBATE; GAP STRUCTURES; PHASE; ENHANCEMENT AB Quadrature-amplitude and phase squeezing are theoretically investigated in a planar waveguide geometry where the use of a linear grating fabricated on top of the waveguide reproduces a photonic bandgap structure. The introduction of a nonlinear grating, obtained with a modulation of the nonlinear susceptibility chi((2)), provides an additional degree of freedom that allows, together with the linear grating, tuning of the fundamental field in a selected resonance of the transmission spectrum and, at the same time, control of the phase-matching condition between the fundamental and second-harmonic fields. The results show that quadrature-amplitude squeezing is achieved for the fundamental field, increasing the second-harmonic input intensity. The second-harmonic field is tuned in the passband of the photonic bandgap. The low nonlinear conversion efficiency, given by a suitable selection of the mismatch, gives rise to the possibility of having a fundamental field of quite the same intensity, but less noisy than at the entry. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapon Sci Directorate, AMSAM,RD,WS,ST Redstone Arsenal, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Tricca, D (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Dipartimento Energet, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RI SAKODA, Kazuaki/H-3006-2011 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 21 IS 3 BP 671 EP 680 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.21.000671 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 800WB UT WOS:000220057300026 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Boy, J Stephenson, LD AF Kumar, A Boy, J Stephenson, LD TI Thermal spray vitrification process for the removal of lead-based paint from steel structures: An applications note SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lead-based paint; paint removal; steel structures; thermal spray; vitrification AB Lead-based paints and primers have long been used to protect steel structures from corrosion, but are now recognized as environmental hazards. During lead-based paint removal via abrasive blasting, federal, state and local environmental requirements mandate the use of containment structures to prevent contamination of air, soil, or water. The thermal spray vitrification (TSV) process was developed and optimized in laboratory experiments to remove hazardous lead-based paint. TSV consists of thermal spraying a molten glass onto the painted surface. As the glass strikes the substrate, it reacts with the paint, and organic components are pyrolyzed, while lead ions are trapped on the glass surface. Quenching stresses in the glass cause it to crack and spall off the substrate. The resulting glass fragments are collected, and further remelted to completely immobilize lead (Pb) ions in the glassy iron (Fe) silicate matrix. The glass waste is thus rendered non-hazardous, as determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The TSV process was field tested on a fire hydrant, using minimal personal protective equipment and without using a containment structure. The lead-containing paint was removed, without producing hazardous waste, leaving de-painted surfaces suitable for repainting. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Kumar, A (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. EM Ashok.Kumar@erdc.usace.army.mil RI kumari, uttara/P-6779-2016 OI kumari, uttara/0000-0001-9628-4770 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 13 IS 1 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1361/1059963041849 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA 803IY UT WOS:000220226000012 ER PT J AU Kuwa, T Cancio, LC Sondeen, JL Matylevich, N Jordan, BS McManus, AT Goodwin, CW AF Kuwa, T Cancio, LC Sondeen, JL Matylevich, N Jordan, BS McManus, AT Goodwin, CW TI Evaluation of renal cortical perfusion by noninvasive power Doppler ultrasound during vascular occlusion and Reperfusion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE kidney; regional blood flow; power Doppler ultrasound; ischemia; reperfusion ID CAROTID-ARTERY STENOSIS; ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS; COLOR-FLOW; SONOGRAPHY; US; CHILDREN; MODE AB Background: Urine output, a frequently used resuscitation end point, is presumed to represent renal cortical perfusion. However, no noninvasive method for direct measurement of renal perfusion exists. Power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) is a method that reportedly is sensitive to low-velocity and microvascular blood flow and can depict it. This study aimed to develop a quantitative technique for PDUS image analysis, and to evaluate the ability of PDUS to quantify cortical perfusion during renal ischemia induced by vascular occlusion. Methods: A method was developed to determine the mean gray-scale intensity of PDUS images from within the renal cortex (PDUS image intensity). This index was hypothesized to represent renal cortical microvascular blood flow. Renal cortical blood flow was determined using fluorescent microspheres in five swine. Renal artery flow was measured with an ultrasonic flow probe. Power Doppler ultrasound was performed at baseline; at 75%, 50%, and 25% of baseline renal artery flow; and during reperfusion. Results: Subjectively, PDUS images showed decreases in image intensity cor-responding to renal artery occlusion and increases after reperfusion. Cortical blood flow correlated well with renal artery flow (n = 25; r(2) = 0.868) and with PDUS image intensity (n = 25; r(2) = 0.844). Conclusion: Noninvasive power Doppler ultrasound image intensity correlated well with invasively measured renal cortical blood flow, and may be useful during resuscitation of injured and critically ill patients. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hosp, Trauma & Crit Care Ctr, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. EM Lee.Cancio@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2004 VL 56 IS 3 BP 618 EP 624 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000075331.21241.80 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 808CM UT WOS:000220547200031 PM 15128134 ER PT J AU Wu, HY Sun, L Moul, JW Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Kusuda, L Donahue, T Foley, J Chung, A Sexton, W Soderdahl, D AF Wu, HY Sun, L Moul, JW Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Kusuda, L Donahue, T Foley, J Chung, A Sexton, W Soderdahl, D TI Watchful waiting and factors predictive of secondary treatment of localized prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prognosis; prostate-specific antigen ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ANTIGEN; PROGRESSION; MANAGEMENT; CARCINOMA; DATABASE; SURVIVAL; GRADE; MEN; ERA AB Purpose: Watchful waiting remains an important treatment option for some patients with localized prostate cancer. We defined the demographic, clinical and outcome features of men selecting watchful waiting as an initial treatment strategy, and determined factors predictive of eventual progression to secondary treatment. Materials and Methods: Of 8,390 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer from 1990 to 2001 in the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research Database, 1,158 patients chose watchful waiting as initial treatment. The demographic and clinical differences between patients on watchful waiting and those choosing other initial treatments were compared using the chi-square test. Secondary treatment-free survival according to various prognostic factors was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were tested using the log rank test. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to determine which factors were independent predictors of secondary treatment. Results: Compared to other patients, those selecting watchful waiting were older, had lower prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis, and were more likely to have lower stage (cT1) and lower grade (Gleason sum 7 or less) cancers. Age, PSA and clinical stage were all significant and independent predictors of secondary treatment. The relative risk of secondary treatment can be expressed as EXP (-0.034 x age at diagnosis + 0.284 x LOG (diagnostic PSA) + 0.271 x clinical stage T2 + 0.264 x clinical stage T3). Conclusions: Men who elect watchful waiting as initial management for prostate cancer are older with lower Gleason sums and serum PSA. In these men, age at diagnosis, serum PSA and clinical stage are the most significant predictors of requiring or selecting secondary treatment. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. San Diego Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Portsmouth Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Augusta, GA USA. RP Sun, L (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM lsun@cpdr.orgjmoul@cpdr.org NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 171 IS 3 BP 1111 EP 1116 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000113300.74132.8b PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 774DU UT WOS:000188965100020 PM 14767282 ER PT J AU Moul, JW Wu, HY Sun, L McLeod, DG Amling, C Donahue, T Kusuda, L Sexton, W O'Reilly, K Hernandez, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D AF Moul, JW Wu, HY Sun, L McLeod, DG Amling, C Donahue, T Kusuda, L Sexton, W O'Reilly, K Hernandez, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D TI Early versus delayed hormonal therapy for prostate specific antigen only recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; recurrence; prostate-specific antigen; hormones; prostatectomy ID OF-DEFENSE CENTER; ANDROGEN SUPPRESSION; PSA; PROGRESSION; DATABASE; ERA AB Purpose: Hormonal therapy (HT) is the current mainstay of systemic treatment for prostate specific antigen (PSA) only recurrence (PSAR), however, there is virtually no published literature comparing HT to observation in the clinical setting. The goal of this study was to examine the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research observational database to compare clinical outcomes in men who experienced PSAR after radical prostatectomy by early versus delayed use of HT and by a risk stratified approach. Materials and Methods: Of 5,382 men in the database who underwent primary radical prostatectomy (RP), 4,967 patients were treated in the PSA-era between 1988 and December 2002. Of those patients 1,352 men who had PSAR (PSA after surgery greater than 0.2 ng/ml) and had postoperative followup greater than 6 months were used as the study cohort. These patients were further divided into an early HT group in which patients (355) received HT after PSA only recurrence but before clinical metastasis and a late HT group for patients (997) who received no HT before clinical metastasis or by current followup. The primary end point was the development of clinical metastases. Of the 1,352 patients with PSAR clinical metastases developed in 103 (7.6%). Patients were also stratified by surgical Gleason sum, PSA doubling time and timing of recurrence. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the effect of early and late HT on clinical outcome. Results: Early HT was associated with delayed clinical metastasis in patients with a pathological Gleason sum greater than 7 or PSA doubling time of 12 months or less (Hazards ratio = 2.12, p = 0.01). However, in the overall cohort early HT did not impact clinical metastases. Race, age at RP and PSA at diagnosis had no effect on metastasis-free survival (p >0.05). Conclusions: The retrospective observational multicenter database analysis demonstrated that early HT administered for PSAR after prior RP was an independent predictor of delayed clinical metastases only for high-risk cases at the current followup. Further study with longer followup and randomized trials are needed to address this important issue. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prosate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Augusta, GA USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prosate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM jmoul@cpdr.org NR 20 TC 157 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 171 IS 3 BP 1141 EP 1147 DI 10.1097/01.JU.0000113794.34810.D0 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 774DU UT WOS:000188965100026 PM 14767288 ER PT J AU Alam, J Bathe, R Vispute, RD Zavada, JM Litton, CW Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN AF Alam, J Bathe, R Vispute, RD Zavada, JM Litton, CW Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN TI Effect of dislocations on luminescence properties of silicon-doped GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition method SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SAPPHIRE; FILMS; STRAIN AB The effect of dislocations on the structural and electro-optic characteristics of n-GaN has been studied. X-ray diffraction, Hall measurement, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been performed to understand the interdependence of strain, dislocation, and doping concentration. The most remarkable observation of the study is the blueshift observed at a doping level N(D)similar to10(18) cm(-3) as a result of the relaxation of strain. The TEM results reveal a higher dislocation defect density at lower doping levels (similar to10(17) cm(-3)) than at moderate doping levels. Blueshift is found to result from the redistribution of the dislocation density clue to the reduction in strain at a certain optimum doping level(s). This distribution of the dislocation is such that there are virtually no dislocations at some locations, as evident from the sample MD27 with doping greater than or equal to10(18) cm(-3). (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Elect Res Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 2300 6th St,NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com RI Bathe, Ravi/A-8258-2008 OI Bathe, Ravi/0000-0002-7962-6908 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 624 EP 629 DI 10.1161/1.1667509 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 816ED UT WOS:000221092300031 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Baik, KH Pearton, SJ Luo, B Ren, F Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Baik, KH Pearton, SJ Luo, B Ren, F Zavada, JM TI Effects of hydrogen plasma treatment on electrical properties of p-AlGaN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID MG-DOPED GAN; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; BEAM DISSOCIATION; GALLIUM NITRIDE; ACTIVATION; DIFFUSION; FILMS AB Effects of hydrogen plasma treatment at 250 degreesC on electrical properties and deep level spectra of the p-AlGaN films with the Al mole fraction of x = 0.15 are reported. It is shown that the concentration of Mg acceptors is strongly (about an order of magnitude) decreased after such a treatment, most likely due to hydrogen passivation of acceptors. It is also shown that there are in fact two closely spaced in energy shallow acceptors and that the ones dominant in the virgin and Mg-related samples are more effectively passivated than the others. Hydrogen plasma treatment also leads to suppression of deep nonradiative recombination centers as evidenced by the increase in the microcathodoluminescence intensity. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 119017 5, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 119017 5, Russia. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu OI Smirnov, Nikolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 771 EP 775 DI 10.1116/1.1689302 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 816ED UT WOS:000221092300056 ER PT J AU Salis, AI Eclavea, A Johnson, MS Patel, NH Wong, DG Tennery, G AF Salis, AI Eclavea, A Johnson, MS Patel, NH Wong, DG Tennery, G TI Maximal flow rates possible during power injection through currently available PICCs: An in vitro study SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INSERTED CENTRAL CATHETERS; CONTRAST MATERIAL AB PURPOSE: Currently available 4-F and 5-F peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) were investigated to evaluate their possible application for contrast medium injection using power injectors. The study was performed using an in vitro model to demonstrate the feasibility of using PICCs for contrast-enhanced diagnostic studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An evaluation of 24 catheter versions consisting of 4-F single-lumen and 5-F dual-lumen PICCs from 13 different manufacturers was conducted. Six of the catheter types were silicone and 18 catheter types were polyurethane. Ten catheters of each type were evaluated with five at full length and five trimmed to 40 cm. With use of a silicone-based simulated SVC model, the catheters were infused with 50 mL of intravenous contrast medium at each flow rate increment. Catheters were tested at increasing flow rates from 0.5 to 5 mL/sec in 0.5-mL/sec increments using a Percupump CT injector. Catheters that failed to rupture were then infused at 1-mL/sec increments at flow rates from 5 to 17 mL/sec using a MedRad Mark V power injector. Tolerated and bursting pressures were recorded as well as the location of the catheter rupture. RESULTS: Polyurethane catheters ruptured at flow rates between 4 and 15.4 mL/sec, with one catheter not rupturing at the maximal flow rate (17 mL/sec). Silicone catheters ruptured at flow rates between 0.5 to 3.5 mL/sec. Average rupture locations by type and length were at the extension leg/hub connection area on five of the PICCs, on the extension legs on 21 of the PICCs, on the catheter/hub connection on four PICCs, and on the proximal catheter on 16 of the PICCs. CONCLUSION: The low burst rates at which all silicone catheters ruptured suggest that those catheters are not able to withstand typical flow rates used for CT arteriography. Conversely, although there is a wide range of discrepancy in the polyurethane catheter burst pressures, many polyurethane catheters can tolerate relatively high flow rates without rupture. This suggests that they may be safely used for CT arteriography with appropriate precautions and protocols in place. C1 Sinai Hosp, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Intervent Radiol, Chicago, IL USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Salis, AI (reprint author), 12304 High Grove Court, Reisterstown, MD 21136 USA. EM asalis@americanradiology.com NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 15 IS 3 BP 275 EP 281 DI 10.1097/01.RVI.0000116195.44877.88 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 906XI UT WOS:000227677700009 PM 15028813 ER PT J AU Russell, K Sodhi, RS AF Russell, K Sodhi, RS TI Kinematic synthesis of planar five-bar mechanisms for multi-phase motion generation SO JSME INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL SERIES C-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS MACHINE ELEMENTS AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in the 21st Century (LEM21) CY NOV 03-06, 2003 CL Niigata, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Mfg & Machine Tool Div, Mfg Syst Div DE five-bar mechanism; multi-phase motion; adjustable linkages ID 4-BAR MECHANISMS AB This work presents a method to design planar five-bar mechanisms to achieve multiple phases of prescribed rigid body path points. Using this method, these mechanisms are designed to achieve multiple phases of prescribed rigid .body path points using the same hardware. This synthesis method accommodates one DOF belted, geared and chain driven five bar mechanisms or two DOF five-bar mechanisms. By prescribing the angular positions of one driving link with respect to the synthesized moving pivot positions of the other driving link, the positions of both driving links are timed. The parameters of one driving link and the links to be determined in this mechanism are synthesized using constant length constraint equations given the prescribed rigid body path points. The example problem in this work considers a two-phase moving pivot adjustment (with constant link lengths) of a planar five bar mechanism. C1 USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Russell, K (reprint author), USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM Sodhi@adm.njit.edu NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU JAPAN SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI TOKYO PA SHINANOMACHI-RENGAKAN BLDG, SHINANOMACHI 35, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 160-0016, JAPAN SN 1344-7653 J9 JSME INT J C-MECH SY JI JSME Int. J. Ser. C-Mech. Syst. Mach. Elem. Manuf. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 47 IS 1 BP 345 EP 349 DI 10.1299/jsmec.47.345 PG 5 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 816XX UT WOS:000221143700048 ER PT J AU Smith, DH Smart, RM AF Smith, DH Smart, RM TI Influence of water level on torpedograss establishment in Lake Okeechobee, Florida SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Panicum repens; torpedograss; stem fragment; rhizome; invasive species; Eleocharis cellulosa; Lake Okeechobee; hydrological effects; invasion ID LARGE SUBTROPICAL LAKE; PANICUM-REPENS; MARSH; VEGETATION AB Lake Okeechobee, a 173,200 ha shallow subtropical lake located in south Florida, has been invaded recently by torpedograss (Panicum repens), an exotic, terrestrial species, that was intentionally introduced to Florida in the early 1900s. Since the 1970s, more than 6,000 ha of native plants, including spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa) and beakrush (Rhynchospora spp.) and open water habitat have been displaced by torpedograss in areas of the marsh where inundation depths often are less than 50 cm. The ability of torpedograss to disperse and become established at different water depths was evaluated in a series of experimental pond studies. These studies revealed that fragments remain buoyant for extended periods and so facilitate the dispersal of torpedograss within the lake. If fragments become anchored to sediment that is either exposed or in shallow water, they can readily root and establish mature plants; Once established, torpedograss can thrive in depths of 75 cm or less and can survive prolonged exposure to flooding depths greater than I m. In this manner, low water periods can contribute to the dispersal and colonization pattern of torpedograss in the lake. When coupled with lake elevation data, these findings suggest that low water levels or drawdowns would increase the marsh area susceptible to torpedograss invasion. C1 USA, Erdc, Lewisville Aquat Ecosystem Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. S Florida Water Management Dist, Okeechobee Res Dept, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA. RP Smith, DH (reprint author), USA, Erdc, Lewisville Aquat Ecosystem Res Facil, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. EM Dian.H.Smith@erdc.usace.army.mil; Mike.Smart@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 PG 13 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 811SC UT WOS:000220790600001 ER PT J AU Ashby, SL Faulkner, SP Gambrell, RP Smith, BA AF Ashby, SL Faulkner, SP Gambrell, RP Smith, BA TI Assessing iron dynamics in the release from a stratified reservoir SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE iron; ferrous; ferric; tailwaters; reservoirs; water quality ID HUMIC SUBSTANCES; NATURAL-WATERS; OXIDATION; RIVER; LAKE; PHOTOREDUCTION; SPECIATION; FERROZINE; PHOSPHATE; QUALITY AB Field and laboratory studies were conducted to describe the fate of total, dissolved, and ferrous (Fe2+) iron in the release from a stratified reservoir with an anoxic hypolimnion. Concentrations of total iron in the tailwater indicated a first order removal process during a low flow release (0.6 m(3.)sec(-1)), yet negligible loss was observed during a period of increased discharge (2.8 m(3.)sec(-1)). Dissolved and ferrous iron concentrations in the tailwater were highly variable during both release regimes and did not follow responses based on theoretical predictions. Ferrous iron concentrations in unfiltered samples were consistently greater than concentrations observed in samples filtered separately through 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 mum filters. Total iron removal in laboratory studies followed first order kinetics, but was twice that rate (0.077 mg(.)L(-1.)hr(-1)) observed during low flow discharge in the tailwater (0.036 mg(.)L(-1.)hr(-1)). Dissolved and ferrous iron losses in laboratory studies were rapid (similar to75% in the first 15 minutes and 95% within 1 hour), followed theoretical predictions, and were much faster than observations in the tailwater (similar to30% within the first hour). The presence of particulate forms of ferrous iron in the field and differences in removal rates observed in field and laboratory studies indicate a need for improved field assessment techniques and consideration of complexation reactions when assessing the dynamics of iron in reservoir releases and downstream impacts as a result of operation regimes. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Wetland Biogeochem Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Ashby, SL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 65 EP 75 PG 11 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 811SC UT WOS:000220790600006 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Working fire: A memoir. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 4 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 828WX UT WOS:000222005500129 ER PT J AU Wright, SA Bauer, KW Oxley, ME AF Wright, SA Bauer, KW Oxley, ME TI The covalidation of dissimilarly structured strategic airlift models SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE airlift model; model comparison; simulation; optimization; validation AB A methodology is presented which allows comparison between models constructed under different modeling paradigms. Consider two models that exist to study different aspects of the same system, specifically Air Mobility Command's strategic airlift system. One model simulates a fleet of aircraft moving a given combination of cargo and passengers from an onload point to an offload point. The second model is a linear program that optimizes aircraft and route selection given cargo and passenger requirements in order to minimize late and nondeliveries. Further, the optimization model represents a more aggregated view of the airlift system than does the simulation. The two models do not have immediately comparable input or output structures, which complicates comparisons between the two models. We develop a methodology that structures this comparison and use it to compare the two large-scale models described above. Further, our technique has the fortunate byproduct of improving the fidelity of the models through a series of iterative refinements of the input to each model based on the output of the other. Models that compare favorably with regard to our methodology are deemed covalid models. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn & Management, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn & Management, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Wright, SA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, 646 Swift Rd, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Sam.Wright@usma.edu; Kenneth.Bauer@afit.edu; Mark.Oxley@afit.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6-8 BP 677 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.mcm.2004.02.008 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 828TD UT WOS:000221995200009 ER PT J AU Swartz, SM Johnson, AW AF Swartz, SM Johnson, AW TI A multimethod approach to the combat air forces mix and deployment problem SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE multiattribute decision analysis; ranking and selection; heuristics C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Swartz, SM (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Stephen.Swartz@afit.edu; Alan.Johnson@usma.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6-8 BP 773 EP 797 DI 10.1016/j.mcm.2004.02.014 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 828TD UT WOS:000221995200015 ER PT J AU Hodgson, TJ Melendez, B Trainor, T AF Hodgson, TJ Melendez, B Trainor, T TI The deployment scheduling analysis tool (DSAT) SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE military deployment; analysis tool; equipment routing; deployment network; equipment scheduling AB The deployment scheduling analysis tool is an analysis tool for studying military deployment scenarios. The tool has a user interface through which the user selects the deploying units, equipment, and their required delivery dates. The user also selects the ports (air, rail, and sea) through which the units will travel to get to the final destination. Finally, the user selects the transportation assets on which the units will travel and assigns those assets to the routes in the deployment network. The system schedules the equipment for deployment by creating individual equipment routings and then repetitively simulating the deployment to determine the deployment closure time and the maximum lateness (L..) of any unit. The equipment is scheduled to minimize the maximum lateness of all deploying units. Deployment information is formatted into various graphs and reports. Finally, the user can modify various aspects of the deployment scenario to conduct sensitivity analysis. A valuable option is a heuristic procedure to reassign transportation assets in an attempt to further reduce the deployment closure time and Lm.. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Text & Apparel Technol & Management Dept, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hodgson, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM hodgson@eos.ncsu.edu; ab7596@exmail.usma.army.mil; kathoney@unity.ncsu.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6-8 BP 905 EP 924 DI 10.1016/j.mcm.2004.02.021 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 828TD UT WOS:000221995200022 ER PT J AU Shavers, VL Brown, M Klabunde, CN Potosky, AL Davis, W Moul, J Fahey, A AF Shavers, VL Brown, M Klabunde, CN Potosky, AL Davis, W Moul, J Fahey, A TI Race/ethnicity and the intensity of medical monitoring under 'watchful waiting' for prostate cancer SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE race; ethnicity; treatment; disparities; prostate cancer ID UNITED-STATES; CARCINOMA; SURVIVAL; AGE; DIAGNOSIS; PATTERNS; TRENDS; STAGE; TIME; RACE AB Background: Previous studies have found that racial/ethnic minority patients with prostate cancer are more frequently managed with "watchful waiting." Little, however, is known about the medical care received among men managed with watchful waiting. We examine the type and intensity of medical monitoring received by African American, Hispanic, and white patients with prostate cancer managed with "watchful waiting" in fee-for-service systems. Methods: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare data for men diagnosed with prostate cancer 1994-1996 were used in this study. Men were determined to have initially received watchful waiting if they did not receive surgery, radiation, or hormone treatment within the first 7 months of diagnosis. Crosstabulations, multivariate logistic, and Cox regressions were used to examine the association between clinical and sociodemographic variables and the receipt of a primary care, urology visit, prostate-specific antigen test, or bone scan. Results: In general, Hispanic and African American men received less medical monitoring and had longer median times from diagnosis to receipt of a medical monitoring visit or procedure than white men. Furthermore, nearly 6% of African American, 5% of Hispanic, and 1% of white men did not have any medical monitoring visits or procedures during the 60-month follow-up period (P <0.001). Differences in observed clinical or sociodemographic characteristics did not explain variations in medical monitoring. Conclusion: Regular medical monitoring is considered by most medical authorities to be a necessary component of management with watchful waiting. The disproportionately low receipt of medical monitoring visits and procedures observed for African American and Hispanic men managed with watchful waiting in this study suggest that there are racial/ethnic disparities in the receipt of appropriate prostate cancer management. C1 NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res program, HSEB, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Surveillance Res Program, Stat Res & Applicat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, DoD Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Informat Management Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Shavers, VL (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res program, HSEB, 6130 Execut Blvd EPN 4005 MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM shaversv@mail.nih.gov NR 40 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 239 EP 250 DI 10.1097/01.mlr.0000117361.61444.71 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779KC UT WOS:000189293000006 PM 15076823 ER PT J AU Hernandez, J Thompson, IM AF Hernandez, J Thompson, IM TI Diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; LAPAROSCOPIC PELVIC LYMPHADENECTOMY; NEEDLE-BIOPSY; REFERENCE RANGES; ANTIGEN LEVELS; GLEASON SCORE; FOLLOW-UP; MEN; STAGE; PERINEAL AB Many controversies surround the management of prostate cancer to include screening practices, diagnosis, and treatment options. The lack of randomized prospective studies comparing the various definitive treatment modalities currently available occasionally can make the decision process challenging for patients and their providers. In this setting of controversy, the cost of treating clinically localized prostate cancer is significant. In the face of these unanswered questions, this article summarizes some important principles regarding the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. This review is limited to the diagnosis and management of clinically localized disease. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM thompsoni@uthscsa.edu NR 68 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 88 IS 2 BP 267 EP + DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(03)00144-5 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 802JS UT WOS:000220160400003 PM 15049578 ER PT J AU LaFiandra, M Harman, E AF LaFiandra, M Harman, E TI The distribution of forces between the upper and lower back during load carriage SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE kinetics; dimensionless analysis; backpack AB Introduction/Purpose: To determine the effects of backpack mass on the forces exerted by the backpack on the carrier and on the distribution of these forces between the upper back (including shoulders) and lower back (sacrum and iliac crest). Methods: Eleven male volunteers (mean age 22.7 SEM 1.1 yr) walked on a level treadmill at 1.34 m.s(-1) carrying a backpack loaded to three different masses (13.6, 27.2, and 40.8 kg). The backpack's hip belt was connected to force transducers that measured the forces exerted on the lower back. The total force between the subject and backpack was determined from the backpack's mass and acceleration. Forces on the upper back were calculated as total force minus the forces exerted on the lower back. Results: There was a significant effect of backpack mass on the vertical and anterior/posterior forces exerted on the upper and lower back, and on the total force exerted on the backpack center of mass. Regardless of mass, approximately 30% of the vertical force was borne by the lower back; the upper back and shoulders supported the remaining 70%; this is based on data averaged across the stride. Dimensionless analysis revealed peak forces on the upper and lower back increased proportionately to backpack mass whereas the peak forces exerted on the backpack COM increased disproportionately. Conclusions: The backpack exerts consistent anterior force on the lower back, which likely contributes to the occurrence of low-back pain associated with load carriage. Approximately 30% of the vertical force generated by the backpack can be transferred to the lower back by using an external frame backpack with a hip belt. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP LaFiandra, M (reprint author), Boston Dynam Inc, 515 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mike@bostondynamics.com NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 36 IS 3 BP 460 EP 467 DI 10.1249/01.MSS.0000117113.77904.46 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 801YS UT WOS:000220131800015 PM 15076788 ER PT J AU Kecskes, LJ Szewczyk, ST Peikrishvili, AB Chikhradze, NM AF Kecskes, LJ Szewczyk, ST Peikrishvili, AB Chikhradze, NM TI Hot explosive compaction of aluminum-nickelide composites SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POWDERS; COMBUSTION; NI3AL; AL AB Two series of nickel-coated aluminum (Al-Ni) powder compositions were consolidated to full or near-full density by a hot-explosive-compaction (HEC) technique. Mixtures of 78Al-22Ni at. pct (63Al-37Ni wt pct) or 39Al-61Ni at. pct (23Al-77Ni wt pct) were placed in cylindrical containers, preheated to a range of temperatures from ambient to 1000 degreesC, and once at a uniform temperature, explosively compacted into a 150-mm-long and 15-mm-diameter rod-shaped billet using a cylindrical detonation arrangement. The resultant billets were sectioned and prepared for examination by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and microhardness measurements were used to characterize the billet morphology, structure, and chemical composition. Analysis revealed that depending on the preheating temperature, the initial Al-Ni composition transformed into several aluminum nickelide (Al-Ni) intermetallics. The onset and nature of the shock-induced transformation from the precursors into the products are discussed. C1 United States Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Georgian Acad Sci, Inst Min Mech, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Kecskes, LJ (reprint author), United States Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM laszlo.kecskes@us.army.mil RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 35A IS 3A BP 1125 EP 1131 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-1015-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 803QP UT WOS:000220245900016 ER PT J AU Bergmann-Leitner, ES Leitner, WW AF Bergmann-Leitner, ES Leitner, WW TI Danger, death and DNA vaccines SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE DNA vaccine; apoptosis; innate immunity ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; DENDRITIC CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; CROSS-PRESENTATION; APOPTOTIC CELLS/; MOLECULAR-BASIS; GENE GUN; IN-VIVO; T-CELLS AB DNA vaccines, although successful in many animal models of various diseases, remain insufficiently immunogenic in humans. Among the countless approaches to improve them is the stimulation of the innate immune system by promoting the apoptotic death of the transfected host cells, which is the focus of this review. (C) 2003 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NCI, Dermatol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bergmann-Leitner, ES (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Elke.Bergmann-Leitner@na.amedd.army.mil RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011; Leitner, Wolfgang/F-5741-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956; Leitner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3125-5922 NR 42 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1286-4579 J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 6 IS 3 BP 319 EP 327 DI 10.1016/j.micinf.2003.11.015 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 805UV UT WOS:000220392100010 PM 15065568 ER PT J AU Jackson, GA AF Jackson, GA TI The Lawyer's myth: Reviving ideals in the legal profession SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Jackson, GA (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 179 BP 228 EP 235 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 852PU UT WOS:000223769700007 ER PT J AU Chang, CG Provost, DA LeVoyer, T Ellison, RW AF Chang, CG Provost, DA LeVoyer, T Ellison, RW TI Abdominal wall neurofibroma presenting as an inguinal hernia SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TUMORS AB Inguinal hernias are a common cause of abdominal wall pain and are the most common abdominal wall abnormality. They can usually be differentiated from other abnormalities by history and physical examination. Occasionally, the diagnosis may be difficult with very small or very large lesions. The following case report describes an abdominal wall neurofibroma presenting as an inguinal hernia in a young, active duty, male soldier with previously undiagnosed neurofibromatosis. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Bayne Jones Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Ft Polk, LA 71459 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chang, CG (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 3 BP 192 EP 193 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IR UT WOS:000235829300007 PM 15080237 ER PT J AU McKinley, BT Oglesby, RJ AF McKinley, BT Oglesby, RJ TI A 57-year-old male retired colonel with acute ankle swelling SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACHILLES TENDINITIS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McKinley, BT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bldg 2,Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Robert.Oglesby@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 3 BP 254 EP 256 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IR UT WOS:000235829300019 PM 15080249 ER PT J AU Lebeda, FJ AF Lebeda, FJ TI BotDB: A database resource for the clostridial neurotoxins SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Toxins 2002 Conference CY 2002 CL Hannover, GERMANY DE botulinum; function; protein; structure; tetanus; toxin ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; A BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN; STRUCTURAL PREDICTIONS; TETANUS NEUROTOXINS; B NEUROTOXIN; HEAVY-CHAIN; TOXIN; BINDING; GENE; INFORMATION AB BotDB is a database designed to encapsulate the rapidly expanding amount of information about the structure and function of the botulinum (BoNT) and tetanus neurotoxins and to track a variety of basic and applied research efforts. The AceDB management system was chosen for this project because of its flexibility in manipulating semistructured data sets and for its information retrieval query languages. In addition to storing amino and nucleic acid sequences of the clostridial neurotoxin genes and proteins, BotDB provides sequence data for new classes of objects, including neurotoxin mutants, substrates and their mutants, associated nontoxic proteins, and C-fragment vaccine candidates. New data types provide information on detection assays for the neurotoxins and on structural data from X-ray crystallographic and circular dichroism spectroscopic studies. Kinetic parameters from biochemical experiments include reaction rates for substrate cleavage and block of neurotransmission. The structures and kinetic characteristics of presently known chemical inhibitors are also being archived. All of these data are associated with citations of the relevant literature for on-line annotation. Graphics viewer programs are provided to display stored images and three-dimensional representations of protein structures. BotDB is in the alpha test phase of development and will become a publicly available Web site. Published 2004 by John Wiley Sons. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lebeda, FJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM frank.lebeda@det.amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 8 BP S35 EP S41 DI 10.1002/mds.20007 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 803KX UT WOS:000220231100006 PM 15027052 ER PT J AU Smith, LA Jensen, MJ Montgomery, VA Brown, DR Ahmed, SA Smith, TJ AF Smith, LA Jensen, MJ Montgomery, VA Brown, DR Ahmed, SA Smith, TJ TI Roads from vaccines to therapies SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Toxins 2002 Conference CY 2002 CL Hannover, GERMANY DE botulinum; neurotoxins; vaccines; therapies ID A BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN; YEAST PICHIA-PASTORIS; CHAIN FRAGMENT-C; SEROTYPE-B; PURIFICATION AB Over the past decade, we have demonstrated that various recombinant fragments of botulinum neurotoxin are highly immunogenic, stimulating notable levels of protective antibodies in mice, guinea pigs, and nonhuman primates. One of the fragments evaluated, the fragment C, is a potential next-generation vaccine candidate to replace the current pentavalent botulinum toxoid vaccine. Synthetic genes encoding the carboxyl-terminal regions (similar to50 kDa) of toxin types A, B, C1, E, and F were expressed in Pichia pastoris, and manufacturing processes were developed for producing highly purified vaccines. These vaccines were shown to be safe, highly efficacious, stable, and amenable to high-level industrial production. Recombinant vaccines are now being produced in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practices for use in future clinical trials. As our discovery-based program on vaccine development is diminishing, it is concurrently being replaced with a program focused on developing therapeutic interventions to botulism. Synthetic genes encoding the light chains of botulinum toxin have been expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified. These proteolytically active light chains are being used in high-throughput assays to screen for inhibitors of its catalytic activity. Other resources developed as part of the vaccine initiative, likewise, are finding utility in the quest to develop therapies for botulism. (C) 2004 Movement Disorder Society. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. IIT, Ind Adv Engn & Sci, Alexandria, VA USA. Dept Commerce, Washington, DC USA. RP Smith, TJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM leonard.smith@amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 SU 8 BP S48 EP S52 DI 10.1002/mds.20009 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 803KX UT WOS:000220231100008 PM 15027054 ER PT J AU Banerjee, D Lao, JY Wang, DZ Huang, JY Steeves, D Kimball, B Ren, ZF AF Banerjee, D Lao, JY Wang, DZ Huang, JY Steeves, D Kimball, B Ren, ZF TI Synthesis and photoluminescence studies on ZnO nanowires SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE NANOWIRES; TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; LOW-TEMPERATURE GROWTH; CATALYTIC GROWTH; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; SENSORS; DEPOSITION AB ZnO nanowires were grown in gram quantities on graphite flakes (as collector) using the vapour transport and condensation approach. The yield, defined as the weight ratio of ZnO nanowires to the original graphite flakes, has been studied thoroughly by tuning the various growth parameters such as pressure and temperature inside the tube furnace, the amount of graphite powder in the original source, the source to collector ratio, etc. A yield as high as 200% has been achieved, equivalent to a 40% conversion of the ZnO powder in the original source. A study comparing the photoluminescence spectra of the ZnO nanowires grown on both graphite flakes and substrates with commercially available ZnO powder has been carried out. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ren, ZF (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM renzh@bc.edu RI Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 31 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 15 IS 3 BP 404 EP 409 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/15/3/029 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 807VW UT WOS:000220530000032 ER PT J AU Newland, MC Reile, PA Langston, JL AF Newland, MC Reile, PA Langston, JL TI Gestational exposure to methylmercury retards choice in transition in aging rats SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE methylmercury; prenatal exposure; operant behavior ID CATECHOLAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEMS; COLLABORATIVE BEHAVIORAL TERATOLOGY; PRIMATE ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; MACACA-FASCICULARIS INFANTS; VISUAL RECOGNITION MEMORY; INTERVAL-RANDOM INTERVAL; VIVO DOPAMINE RELEASE; PRENATAL METHYLMERCURY; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; ATTENTIONAL PERFORMANCE AB Developmental exposure to methylmercury has behavioral effects that extend into adulthood and aging. In this study, methylmercury's prolonged effects on the acquisition of choice and sensitivity to changes in reinforcement rates were studied. Pregnant female rats were exposed to drinking water containing 0, 0.5, or 6.4 ppm Hg as methylmercury, resulting in about 40 and 500 mug/kg/day of mercury intake. Maternal exposure began at least 4 weeks before mating, and continued to postnatal day 16. Then all mercury exposure ended. The behavior of 1.7- and 2.3-year-old offspring was maintained under various concurrent schedules of reinforcement. Thus, one reinforcement schedule maintained left-lever responding and a separate one maintained right-lever responding. The animal could switch ("changeover") between the two levers at any time. For the first 30 min of a 3-h session, the left and right levers each produced reinforcement at the same rate and left:right response ratios were about 1:1. After 30 min, either the left lever became richer than the right; the right lever became richer than the left, or there was no change. Terminal reinforcer ratios (left:right) used were 9:1, 4:1, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:9. Response rates on the two levers were tracked continuously through a session. This novel procedure for examining choice, and its acquisition, in a single session, was validated through many comparisons with the extant literature. Both response rates and changeover rates were influenced by the reinforcer ratios for the 1.7-year-olds. Changeover rates were not influenced by reinforcement rate for their 2.3-year-old littermates. For the 1.7-year-olds, there was no effect of methylmercury on changeover or response rates and there was no interaction between exposure and reinforcer ratio. In controls and most methylmercury-exposed rats, response ratios (the measure of choice) approximately matched reinforcer ratios by the end of the single session. This is commonly interpreted as reflecting sensitivity to reinforcement rates. Methylmercury exposure did not affect this measure systematically. The single-session transition from baseline (response ratios about 1:1) to terminal performance was retarded in many methylmercury-exposed rats relative to controls, especially in the older rats. The 2.3-year-old control rats required about 20 to 25 reinforcers to complete one half of the 9:1 and 4:1 transitions, respectively, and exposed rats required about twice as many. Thus, prenatal methylmercury exposure specifically retarded the acquisition of choice in older rats. Methylmercury did not interfere with the final expression of choice. Moreover, two rate measures, lever-press rates and changeover rates, were not systematically affected by methylmercury. The acquisition of choice appears to be very sensitive to subtle consequences of developmental methylmercury exposure. The specific tactics greatly reduced the time required to study behavior in transition from a month in previous reports to a single session here. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Newland, MC (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Thach Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM newlamc@auburn.edu OI Newland, M. Christopher/0000-0002-2918-2093 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES06466, ES10865] NR 72 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 26 IS 2 BP 179 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2003.12.004 PG 16 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 806OY UT WOS:000220444400002 PM 15019952 ER PT J AU Gillespie, PS AF Gillespie, PS TI Comparison of delta Eddington model calculations of contrast to measurements SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE atmospheric transmission; sensor performance modeling; contrast; atmospheric modeling; scattering; sky-to-ground ratio ID PERFORMANCE AB Various atmospheric properties can impact sensor performance modeling. Transmission, visibility, and contrast can be used in relatively simple expressions to summarize the impact of the atmosphere on static images. Transmission and contrast can be used together in an expression called the sky-to-ground ratio. Experimental measurements of radiance and imagery are used to assess the applicability of the delta Eddington radiative transfer approximation for estimation of apparent contrast and sky-to-ground ratio. The experiments were performed in southern New Mexico near the autumnal equinox. Delta Eddington calculations are made for two types of aerosol phase functions: Henyey-Greenstein and Deirmendjian haze. Comparisons also include computations from a much simpler radiative transfer model, the Huschke model. These experiments support the use of a relatively simple contrast model that more accurately reflects nature than more empirical models. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gillespie, PS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM pgillesp@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 532 EP 538 DI 10.1117/1.1645255 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 808EM UT WOS:000220552400002 ER PT J AU Gu, ZH Fulks, IM Ciftan, M AF Gu, ZH Fulks, IM Ciftan, M TI Grazing angle enhanced backscattering from a dielectric film on a reflecting metal substrate SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE enhanced backscattering effect; coherence effect; rough surface scattering ID MULTILAYER-COATED OPTICS; PLANE-LAYERED MEDIUM; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; ROUGH-SURFACE; THIN-FILMS; WAVE DIFFRACTION; POLARIZATION; INTERFACES AB We have recently observed several features from a randomly rough dielectric film on a reflecting metal substrate including a change in the spectrum of light at the satellite peaks, the high-order correlation, and enhanced backscattering from the grazing angle. In this paper, we focus on the enhanced backscattering phenomena. The backscattering signal at small grazing angles is very important for vehicle re-entrance and subsurface radar sensing applications. Recently, we performed an experimental study of far-field scattering at small grazing angles, especially enhanced backscattering at grazing angles. For a randomly weak, rough dielectric film on a reflecting metal substrate, a much larger enhanced backscattering peak is measured. Experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions based on a two-scale surface roughness scattering model. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Surface Opt Corp, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. Zel Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gu, ZH (reprint author), Surface Opt Corp, 11555 Rancho Bernardo Rd, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. EM zgu@surfaceoptics.com NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 559 EP 567 DI 10.1117/1.1646410 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 808EM UT WOS:000220552400005 ER PT J AU Huang, WL Jain, F AF Huang, WL Jain, F TI Integrated InGaAs-InP quantum wire laser-modulators for 1.55-mu m applications SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE quantum wire modulator; quantum wire laser; Stark effect; integrated lasers; integrated modulators ID DEPENDENCE; ABSORPTION AB Quantum wire lasers and modulators offer superior performance over their quantum well counterparts. We present simulations of an integrated InGaAs-InP quantum wire laser-modulator structure operating at 1.55 mum. In the case of quantum wire lasers, we have computed the optical gain as a function of current density for wires having widths ranging between 60 and 100 A. For example, the threshold current density of 61 A/cm(2) is computed for a wire with a width of 80 A. In the case of quantum wire modulators, we compute the changes in the absorption coefficient and index of refraction due to an external electric field to implement electroabsorptive and electrorefractive optical modulators. For example, the absorption coefficient changes (Deltaalpha/alpha) by 450% when an applied electric field changes from 30 to 60 kV/cm for an 80 Angstrom quantum wire. The corresponding change of refractive index is about 11%. A structure integrating an edge-emitting laser with an in-line type electroabsorptive or electrorefractive modulator is presented. The quantum wires are designed to operate the laser at a wavelength that corresponds to the Stark effect tuning of the modulator. We can maximize the changes in electroabsorptive and electrorefractive modulators by choosing the right combination of wire dimensions, operating wavelengths, and electric fields. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Huang, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM wenli-huang@usma.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 667 EP 672 DI 10.1117/1.1645845 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 808EM UT WOS:000220552400017 ER PT J AU Miranda, JJ Hooker, S Baechler, MF Burkhalter, W AF Miranda, JJ Hooker, S Baechler, MF Burkhalter, W TI Synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder and biceps tendon sheath in a 10-year-old child SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID OSTEOCHONDROMATOSIS; KNEE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Miranda, JJ (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, Bldg 300,E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD MAR PY 2004 VL 27 IS 3 BP 321 EP 323 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 805JP UT WOS:000220362900011 PM 15058455 ER PT J AU Hall, MDJ Littlefield, PD Birkmire-Peters, DP Holtel, MR AF Hall, MDJ Littlefield, PD Birkmire-Peters, DP Holtel, MR TI Radiofrequency ablation versus electrocautery in tonsillectomy SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 09-14, 2001 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID COBLATION TONSILLECTOMY AB OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the safety, difficulty of removal, and postoperative pain profile of radiofrequency ablation versus standard electrocautery removal of tonsils. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective, blinded study was designed to remove I tonsil with each of the 2 methods. Time of operation, estimated blood loss, difficulty of operation, postoperative pain, rate of postoperative hemorrhage, and the patient's preferred technique were evaluated. RESULTS: The operating time was significantly longer (P < 0.007) and the patients reported significantly less pain (P < 0.001) with radiofrequency ablation. There were no differences in blood loss, difficulty of operation, or postoperative hemorrhage rates. The patients preferred the radiofrequency ablation technique (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency ablation is a viable method to remove tonsillar tissue. Operating time for this procedure will likely decrease with experience. There was significantly less pain reported with radiofrequency ablation compared with standard electrocautery. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK DSH, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hall, MDJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK DSH, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Daniel.Hall@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil OI Littlefield, Philip/0000-0002-1890-2278 NR 6 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 300 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2003.09.024 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 808NE UT WOS:000220575000003 PM 15054370 ER PT J AU Tennyson, HC Mair, EA AF Tennyson, HC Mair, EA TI Smallpox: What every otolaryngologist should know SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 107th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID VACCINATION AB OBJECTIVE: In light of recent terrorist events and the potential threat of smallpox as a biological agent, we present information concerning smallpox to better inform the otolaryngologist concerning this disease and its prevention. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a review of the smallpox and smallpox vaccination literature over the past 200 years using MEDLINE, PREMEDLINE, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Internet site, World Health Organization Internet site, and references found in previous publications not found in MEDLINE or PREMEDLINE. Our search focused on the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, course, unique manifestations in the head and neck, diagnosis, and treatment of smallpox, as well as the method of smallpox vaccination, vaccination contraindications, and complications. RESULTS: Smallpox is a viral disease with a high mortality rate. Its clinical course, manifestations, and methods of prevention are carefully analyzed in light of otolaryngology practice. CONCLUSION: Smallpox manifestations in the head and neck often presented as acute airway obstruction and also as long-term sequelae such as ectropion, nasal vestibular stenosis, conductive hearing loss, and blindness. Most chronic sequelae involve the head and neck. Smallpox vaccination is effective but not without potential serious risks. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tennyson, HC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM heath.tennyson@amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 130 IS 3 BP 323 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2003.11.015 PG 11 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 808NE UT WOS:000220575000007 PM 15054374 ER PT J AU Scobell, A AF Scobell, A TI The United States, China and southeast Asian security: A changing of the guard? SO PACIFIC AFFAIRS LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Scobell, A (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PACIFIC AFFAIRS UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA PI VANCOUVER PA #164-1855 WEST MALL, VANCOUVER, BC V6T 1Z2, CANADA SN 0030-851X J9 PAC AFF JI Pac. Aff. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 77 IS 1 BP 95 EP 96 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 841IW UT WOS:000222924500005 ER PT J AU King, JS Neff, CW Blomquist, S Forsythe, E Morton, D Summers, CJ AF King, JS Neff, CW Blomquist, S Forsythe, E Morton, D Summers, CJ TI ZnS-based photonic crystal phosphors fabricated using atomic layer deposition SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on II-VI Compounds CY SEP 22-26, 2003 CL NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK ID BANDGAP; OPALS AB The infiltration by atomic layer deposition of three-dimensional opal structures has been investigated as a means of fabricating photonic crystal phosphors. ZnS:Mn infiltrated and inverse opals have been demonstrated with filling fractions >95%. Characterization of these structures by scanning electron microscopy, specular reflectance, and photoluminescence is reported. Specular reflectance measurements confirm successful infiltration, and demonstrate modification of the electromagnetic density of states consistent with calculated photonic (111) pseudo band gaps. Photoluminescence measurements reveal modification of emission by the photonic crystal consistent with angular dependent specular reflectance measurements. These results reveal a flexible and convenient route for fabricating high performance photonic crystal structures and optical microcavities. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Weinheim. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP King, JS (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM jeffrey.king@mse.gatech.edu NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 241 IS 3 BP 763 EP 766 DI 10.1002/pssb.200304287 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 803RA UT WOS:000220247000068 ER PT J AU Sawyer, T AF Sawyer, T TI "Let's get the lights on!" SO POWER LA English DT Article AB Most experts agree that Iraq's power generation equipment and electrical grid was in far worse shape than prewar estimates and that it broke down completely amid postwar looting and sabotage. Twenty years of neglect had already driven the power infrastructure to the brink of collapse before the first bombs fell on Baghdad. Electricity is a country's lifeblood, and restoring power in Iraq is the first step in moving the country off life support. C1 USA, Infantry Div 3, Engineer Brigade, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 USA SN 0032-5929 J9 POWER JI Power PD MAR PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 52 EP 54 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 806QE UT WOS:000220447600020 ER PT J AU Young, A AF Young, A TI Task force 4400: Mission accomplished SO POWER LA English DT Article AB In just six weeks, "can do" military engineers achieved their objective despite obstacles that included a major power plant fire, run-down and looted equipment, and widespread unavailability of spare parts. C1 USA, Engineer Combat Battal 94, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Young, A (reprint author), USA, Engineer Combat Battal 94, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 USA SN 0032-5929 J9 POWER JI Power PD MAR PY 2004 VL 148 IS 2 BP 57 EP 58 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 806QE UT WOS:000220447600021 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Messer, SC Castro, CA AF Hoge, CW Messer, SC Castro, CA TI Pentagon employees after September 11, 2001 SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 55 IS 3 BP 319 EP 320 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.55.3.319-b PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 839BY UT WOS:000222759500026 PM 15001739 ER PT J AU Fehmi, JS Rice, KJ Laca, EA AF Fehmi, JS Rice, KJ Laca, EA TI Radial dispersion of neighbors and the small-scale competitive impact of two annual grasses on a native perennial grass SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE additive design; asymmetric competition; neighbor effect; plant interference; radial dispersion; spatial pattern; spatially mediated interaction ID CALIFORNIA; COEXISTENCE; PATTERNS; GROWTH AB In California's Mediterranean type grasslands, native perennial grasses such as Nassella pulchra are surrounded by introduced annual species and these annuals are thought to have displaced natives through much of their range. Amongst other invaders, two grasses Lolium multiflorum and Bromus hordeaceus, commonly dominate portions of the grassland with potential for N. pulchra restoration. We hypothesized that competitor species differences and small-scale gaps (150 cm(2)) could be important determinants of N. pulchra survival and performance on these sites. Lolium multiflorum and B. hordeaceus were planted in 20 cm diameter circular plots at a constant rate of 1 seed per cm(2) surrounding newly transplanted N. pulchra plants. Nassella pulchra showed no significant effect of the species of competitor or from the distribution of the competitors. Both interspersion of patches of bare ground and separation of competitors into patches did not increase N. pulchra pre-dawn water potential, basal area change, number of seeds produced, or average weight of seeds. The presence of L. multiflorum was associated with a decrease in N. pulchra survival compared with plots with only B. hordeaceus. Plants with increases in basal area of less than 0.75 cm(2) during the growing season had 74% mortality compared with no mortality in plants with more growth. However, initial N. pulchra plant size was not a good predictor of mortality. Limiting competition from annuals may increase survival of N. pulchra plantings, but 60% of the plants survived for at least 1 year, despite being transplanted into soil containing substantial annual grass seed. C1 US Army ERDC CERL Ecol Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agron & Range Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Fehmi, JS (reprint author), US Army ERDC CERL Ecol Proc Branch, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. EM jeffrey.s.fehmi@erdc.usace.army.mil OI Fehmi, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0618-9740 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 12 IS 1 BP 63 EP 69 DI 10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00266.x PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 776WQ UT WOS:000189142700009 ER PT J AU Hunt, TA Wilson, KJ AF Hunt, TA Wilson, KJ TI Web-enabling USACE spatial information for pilotage use SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Galveston, TX USA. CARIS, Marine Div, BEAMS, PORTIS, Fredericton, NB, Canada. RP Hunt, TA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Galveston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 45 IS 3 BP 44 EP 48 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 807DI UT WOS:000220481800009 ER PT J AU Baskin, JM Davis, BH Baskin, CC Gleason, SM Cordell, S AF Baskin, JM Davis, BH Baskin, CC Gleason, SM Cordell, S TI Physical dormancy in seeds of Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindales, Sapindaceae) from Hawaii SO SEED SCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dodonaea; far-red light; germination; heating; imbibition; physical seed dormancy; water gap ID RHUS SPECIES ANACARDIACEAE; TRIFOLIATUS VAHL; SIDA-SPINOSA; GERMINATION; IMBIBITION; TESTA; FIRE; SCARIFICATION; LEGUMINOSAE; ANATOMY AB Dormancy in seeds of Dodonaea viscosa is due to a water-impermeable seed coat (physical dormancy, PY). Thus, mechanically scarified seeds imbibed water (c. 95% increase in mass) and germinated to high percentages over a wide range of temperature regimes in both white light and darkness, whereas non-scarified seeds did not take up water. Dry heat at 80-160degreesC and dipping in boiling water for 1-60 s also broke dormancy in a high percentage of the seeds, and continuous far-red light was not inhibitory to germination. However, dry storage in the laboratory for >1 year did not overcome dormancy. Seeds made water-permeable by boiling imbibed water, and thus germinated, at a much slower rate than those made water-permeable by mechanical scarification. We suggest that boiling opened the 'water gap' in the seed coat (not yet described in Sapindaceae but present in other taxa with PY) and that water entered the seed only through this small opening, thereby accounting for the slow rate of imbibition and subsequent germination. Physical dormancy has now been shown to occur in seeds of this polymorphic, worldwide species from Australia, Brazil, Hawaii, Mexico and New Zealand. The low level of dormancy reported for seed lots of D. viscosa in China, India and Pakistan is probably due to collection of seeds before they dried to the critical moisture content for development of water-impermeability of the seed coat. Germination of non-dormant seeds over a wide range of temperatures and in white light, far-red (leaf-canopy shade) light and darkness are part of the germination strategy of D. viscosa and of other taxa whose seeds have PY at maturity. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. USA, Pohakuloa Training Area, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Baskin, JM (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM jmbask0@uky.edu NR 77 TC 58 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 20 PU C A B I PUBLISHING PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-2585 J9 SEED SCI RES JI Seed Sci. Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 81 EP 90 DI 10.1079/SSR2003157 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 814LE UT WOS:000220975400008 ER PT J AU King, WC Palka, EJ Harmon, RS AF King, WC Palka, EJ Harmon, RS TI Identifying optimum locations for tropical testing of United States army materiel and systems SO SINGAPORE JOURNAL OF TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE military geography; methodology; tropical testing; locational analysis AB This paper is an example of applied military geography focusing on a particular problem arising from the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. One of the provisions of the treaty required the United States (US) military to completely withdraw from and relinquish its military and government facilities to the Republic of Panama prior to midnight on 31 December 1999. In so doing, the US army turned over to the Panama government all of its military bases, some of which had been used since World War I to test materiel, equipment and systems within a tropical environment. Given its global mission and responsibilities, the US army has a well-established practice of testing its materiel, equipment and systems throughout the entire range of potential operating environments. The US experience in the Pacific in World War II and in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War clearly demonstrated the need to test the performance of new equipment under the harsh conditions found in tropical jungles. Furthermore, since 1960, nearly 75 per cent of all international and internal armed conflicts have been in countries that are totally or partially in the tropics. This paper presents the findings of a scientific panel that was organised to propose a new location for testing US army materiel and systems within a tropical environment. Rather than simply choosing a location analogous to Panama, the panel sought to develop a methodology that could be employed for site selection based on any set of environmental criteria. This study is a classical locational analysis and reconfirms the integrative nature of geography and its utility for solving complex problems that cut across disciplinary boundaries. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP King, WC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0129-7619 J9 SINGAPORE J TROP GEO JI Singap. J. Trop. Geogr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 25 IS 1 BP 92 EP 108 DI 10.1111/j.0129-7619.2004.00175.x PG 17 WC Geography SC Geography GA 806JU UT WOS:000220431000009 ER PT J AU Ollivant, DA AF Ollivant, DA TI Supreme command: Soldiers, statesmen, and leadership in wartime SO SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Ollivant, DA (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0147-2011 J9 SOCIETY JI Society PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 41 IS 3 BP 87 EP 90 PG 4 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 772AB UT WOS:000188817200016 ER PT J AU Garcia, GD Freeman, IHG Zagorski, SM Chung, MH AF Garcia, GD Freeman, IHG Zagorski, SM Chung, MH TI A laparoscopic approach to the surgical management of enterocutaneous fistula in a wound healing by secondary intention SO SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-of-American-Gastrointestinal-Endoscopic-Surgeons CY MAR 13-15, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP Soc Amer Gastrointestinal Endoscop Surg DE laparoscopic; enterocutaneous fistula; lateral component separation ID COMPONENTS SEPARATION METHOD; ABDOMINAL-WALL DEFECTS; GASTROINTESTINAL FISTULAS; CUTANEOUS FISTULAS; SMALL-BOWEL; CLOSURE; HYPERALIMENTATION; NUTRITION; TRACT; FLAP AB Traditional surgical management of a chronic enterocutaneous fistula requires laparotomy, but the optimal site of incision is unclear. Laparoscopy and adhesiolysis may offer an alternative approach. Two cases of non-healing enterocutaneous fistula within chronic, granulating wounds are described. The laparoscope was placed subcostally using the Hasson technique with additional ports placed under direct vision. After clearing the anterior abdominal wall of all but the fistula-containing bowel, an incision was made circumferentially around the granulation bed. Resection and primary anastomosis was performed in standard fashion. Lateral component separation allowed primary wound closure. Both patients were discharged without sequelae and doing well at last follow-up (mean 12 months). A laparoscopic approach to non-healing enterocutaneous fistulas seems safe and technically feasible. When combined with lateral component separation, it may result in reduction of inadvertent enterotomies and optimal management of the wound without the use of prosthetic mesh. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Chung, MH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM mathew.chung@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-2794 J9 SURG ENDOSC JI Surg. Endosc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 DI 10.1007/s00464-003-4522-4 PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 839ZJ UT WOS:000222826500044 ER PT J AU Dave, PR Duddu, R Yang, K Damavarapu, R Gelber, N Surapaneni, R Gilardi, R AF Dave, PR Duddu, R Yang, K Damavarapu, R Gelber, N Surapaneni, R Gilardi, R TI Preparation of 'cage molecule' based polyazido core units for dendrimer synthesis SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE polyazido compounds; dendrimers; core units; 1,3-diazidoace one ID CLICK CHEMISTRY; NMR AB Core Molecules based on benzene-, cubane-, adamantane-polycarboxlates with peripheral polyazido substitution are reported. The first synthesis of 1.3-diazidoacetone and its conversion to the corresponding oxime, DNPH, and 2,2-dinitro derivatives is also reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 ARDEC, Geo Ctr Inc, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dave, PR (reprint author), ARDEC, Geo Ctr Inc, Bldg 3028, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM pdave@pica.army.mil NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 10 BP 2159 EP 2162 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.01.037 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 778HH UT WOS:000189233200030 ER PT J AU Wortmann, GW Romero, LI Paz, HM Ortega-Barria, E Bayard, V Hochberg, LP Ryan, JR AF Wortmann, GW Romero, LI Paz, HM Ortega-Barria, E Bayard, V Hochberg, LP Ryan, JR TI Real-time polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of leishmaniasis in Panama from both fresh and frozen tissue SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Leishmania; diagnosis; PCR; Panama ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; PCR AB Skin biopsies stored in ethanol from 49 patients with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were tested in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and compared with conventional diagnostic methods. With clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, PCR had a sensitivity of 96% (47/49) vs. 61% (30/49) for histopathology and 33% (16/49) for culture. In addition, DNA was extracted from 70 frozen smears of lesions from suspected cases of CL and tested with the same assay. In these samples, the PCR had a sensitivity of 61% (43/70) vs. 56% (39/70) for histopathology and 41% (29/70) for culture. In this study, real-time PCR offered a rapid diagnosis with an enhanced sensitivity over conventional methods. Although the yield of PCR diagnosis was tower when testing frozen smears, the assay still outperformed existing diagnostic modalities. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, ID Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Florida State Univ, Inst Trop Med & Hlth Sci, Panama City, Panama. Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Panama City, Panama. Walter Reed Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wortmann, GW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, ID Clin, Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM glenn.wortmann@na.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC TROPICAL MEDICINE PI LONDON PA MANSON HOUSE 26 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 1EY, ENGLAND SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 98 IS 3 BP 148 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(03)00020-8 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 776NC UT WOS:000189121200003 PM 15024923 ER PT J AU Whelton, AJ Dietrich, AM AF Whelton, AJ Dietrich, AM TI Relationship between intensity, concentration, and temperature for drinking water odorants SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE drinking water; odor; temperature; geosmin; 2-methylisoborneol (MIB); chlorine; flavor profile analysis ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TASTE; ADAPTATION; PERCEPTION; CHEMICALS; CAPSAICIN; ODORS; DISINFECTION; EXPOSURE; DURATION AB Odor analyses experiments indicated that, for the concentrations and temperatures tested, odor intensity was a function of both aqueous concentration and water temperature for water containing 1-butanol, free available chlorine, geosmin, n-hexanal, 2-methylisoborneol, and trans-2, cis-6 nonadienal. At weak odorant concentrations (approximately 4 on the flavor profile rating scale) the perceived odor intensity of these six chemicals was greater when the temperature was 45degreesC than was 25degreesC. Both of these temperatures are commonly encountered by consumers when they use tap water. Odor response to water containing isobutanal was affected by concentration but not water temperature. Experiments also revealed that reduction in aqueous concentration did not consistently reduce odor intensity; for some aqueous concentrations and chemicals an increase in odor intensity occurred at lower concentrations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Water Supply Management Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Whelton, AJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Water Supply Management Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Andrew.Whelton@apg.amedd.army.mil; andread@vt.edu RI Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010; OI Whelton, Andrew/0000-0001-5934-3081 NR 51 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1604 EP 1614 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.036 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 806VU UT WOS:000220462200026 PM 15016538 ER PT J AU Muza, SR Young, AJ Sawka, MN Forte, VA Rock, PB Fulco, CS Cymerman, A AF Muza, SR Young, AJ Sawka, MN Forte, VA Rock, PB Fulco, CS Cymerman, A TI Ventilation after supplemental oxygen administration at high altitude SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE oxygen; poikilocapnic response; altitude; ventilatory acclimatization; hypoxic ventilatory decline; hypoxic ventilatory response ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; SUSTAINED HYPOXIA; NORMAL ADULTS; GAS-EXCHANGE; TIME-COURSE; CSF PH; ACCLIMATIZATION; DEPRESSION; RESPONSES; CATS AB Objective.-The present study assessed the effects of acute hyperoxia on resting-minute ventilation (VE) during altitude acclimatization to 4300 m. Methods.-Resting-minute ventilation, end-tidal partial pressure carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and oxygen (PETO2), and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) were measured during chronic poikilocapnic hypobaric hypoxia, supplemental oxygen breathing, and the subsequent return to hypobaric poikilocapnic hypoxia at altitude. Fifteen adult male lowlanders were studied at sea level and on the 3rd and 12th days at 4300 m. At sea level, subjects first breathed room air that was followed by 25-minute steady-state poikilocapnic hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.125). Ventilatory responses to acute poikilocapnic hypoxia (APH) were collected over the first 1-10 minutes, and responses to chronic poikilocapnic hypoxia (CPH) were collected over the last 3 minutes of the hypoxia exposure. At altitude, CPH was provided by ambient-air breathing (PIO2 = 86 mm Hg) that was interrupted by 10 minutes of oxygen breathing (FIO2 = 1.0, PIO2 = 460 mm Hg) and then a subsequent return to ambient air to measure APH ventilatory responses. Results.-Between day 1 and day 12, during CPH, VE and SpO(2) increased (P < .05) by 46% and 6%, respectively, whereas PETCO2 decreased. On day 3 and day 12, breathing oxygen did not lower VE compared with CPH. However, the VE during APH immediately after oxygen breathing at high altitude was always greater (P < .05) than during CPH and did not change with duration of residence at altitude. Conclusions.-These results show that short-duration oxygen breathing increases the subsequent ventilatory response to poikilocapnic hypoxia in altitude-acclimatized lowlanders, resulting in a transient elevation of SpO(2). C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Muza, SR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SPR PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2004)015[0018:VASOAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 801NB UT WOS:000220101500004 PM 15040502 ER PT J AU Bubb, DM Qadri, SB Horwitz, JS Knies, D Potrepka, DM AF Bubb, DM Qadri, SB Horwitz, JS Knies, D Potrepka, DM TI Pulsed laser deposition of rhombohedral (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films on LiNbO3 substrates SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ferroelectric thin films; pulsed laser deposition AB (BaxSr1-x)TiO3 (BST) thin films have been deposited on z-cut LiNbO3 (LNO) substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Both the structure and electrical properties of the film have been characterized. The structure of the film, determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), is neither cubic nor tetragonal as exhibited in the bulk material. The film structure is rhombohedral, and exhibits a phase transition at a temperature that is similar to the corresponding T-c of the bulk ferroelectric material. This is the first report of a rhombohedral phase for BST. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Seton Hall Univ, Dept Phys, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bubb, DM (reprint author), Seton Hall Univ, Dept Phys, 400 S Orange Ave, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA. EM bubbdani@shu.edu OI Potrepka, Daniel/0000-0002-0528-1038 NR 6 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 29 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 4 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2003.09.024 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768EK UT WOS:000188530500002 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Norton, DP Ren, F Park, YD Zavada, JM Buyanova, A Chen, WM Hebard, AF AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Norton, DP Ren, F Park, YD Zavada, JM Buyanova, A Chen, WM Hebard, AF TI Wide bandgap GaN-based semiconductors for spintronics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR; ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; P-TYPE GAN; MN-IMPLANTED GAN; THIN-FILMS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; QUANTUM-WELLS AB Recent results on achieving ferromagnetism in transition-metal-doped GaN, A1N and related materials are discussed. The field of semiconductor spintronics seeks to exploit the spin of charge carriers in new generations of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors. There is strong potential for new classes of ultra-low-power, high speed memory, logic and photonic devices based on spintronics. The utility of such devices depends on the availability of materials with practical magnetic ordering temperatures and most theories predict that the Curie temperature will be a strong function of bandgap. We discuss the current state-of-the-art in producing room temperature ferromagnetism in GaN-based materials, the origins of the magnetism and its potential applications. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, CSCMR, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008; Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Buyanova, Irina/A-8924-2015 OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432; Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; Buyanova, Irina/0000-0001-7155-7103 NR 81 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 42 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 25 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 7 BP R209 EP R245 AR PII S0953-8984(04)71473-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/7/R03 PG 37 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 805MI UT WOS:000220370000006 ER PT J AU Walizer, E Kashani, M Vernalis, MN Marshall, DA AF Walizer, E Kashani, M Vernalis, MN Marshall, DA TI Favorable impact of the Ornish lifestyle change on metabolic syndrome. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention CY MAR 03-06, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 24 PY 2004 VL 109 IS 7 MA P260 BP E133 EP E133 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 777FR UT WOS:000189165800313 ER PT J AU Suhre, DR Denes, LJ Gupta, N AF Suhre, DR Denes, LJ Gupta, N TI Telecentric confocal optics for aberration correction of acousto-optic tunable filters SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; LASER; TEO2 AB A telecentric confocal optical arrangement is presented that greatly reduces the diffraction aberrations of the acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). Analytical expressions for the aberrations were identified based on the fundamental properties of Bragg diffraction, and additional aberrations due to focusing through the AOTF were also included. The analysis was verified by use of a geometrical ray trace optical code, and an experimental AOTF system was analyzed. Considerable improvement in the potential spatial resolution is predicted with confocal optics, which could accommodate large pixel-limited image fields of greater than 10(6) pixels. When the image quality of the experimental system was assessed, the resolution was found to be improved by the confocal optics and was diffraction limited. Higher resolution could have been obtained with the use of larger optics to increase the throughput before being limited by the aberrations. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Suhre, DR (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, 700 Technol Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. EM dsuhre@andrew.cmu.edu RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 22 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1255 EP 1260 DI 10.1364/AO.43.001255 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 776ZJ UT WOS:000189149000008 PM 15008527 ER PT J AU Cross, AS Opal, S Cook, P Drabick, J Bhattacharjee, A AF Cross, AS Opal, S Cook, P Drabick, J Bhattacharjee, A TI Development of an anti-core lipopolysaccharide vaccine for the prevention and treatment of sepsis SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Study-Group-for-New-Antimicrobial-Strategies CY JUN 23-25, 2003 CL Herborn, GERMANY SP Int Study Grp New Antimicrobial Strategies DE sepsis; vaccine; anti-endotoxin antibody; lipopolysaccharide ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI J5; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTEREMIA; SEPTIC SHOCK; SALMONELLA-MINNESOTA; DOUBLE-BLIND; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; COMPLEX VACCINE; ENDOTOXIN CORE; CLINICAL-TRIAL AB Sepsis continues to be a leading cause of death among hospitalized patients. Despite advances in supportive care and the availability of potent antimicrobials, the mortality exceeds 20%. The passive infusion of antibodies directed against a conserved region of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria was highly protective in an early study (NEW 307 [1982] 1225). When this and similar preparations were unable to show consistent efficacy, efforts were directed towards other strategies, including cytokine modulation. Our group found that a whole bacterial vaccine made from the Escherichia coli O111:B4, J5 (Rc chemotype) mutant induced protective antibodies when given passively as treatment for sepsis in a neutropenic rat model. A subunit vaccine, composed of detoxified J5 LPS complexed to group B meningococcal outer membrane protein (OMP), provided similar protection when antibodies were given passively, or induced actively in both the neutropenic and cecal ligation/puncture models of sepsis. A phase I study in 24 subjects (at 5, 10 and 25 mug doses [based on LPS] for each group of 8) revealed the vaccine to be well-tolerated with no systemic endotoxin-like effects. Although a two to three-fold increase in antibody levels over baseline (by ELISA assay) was observed at the 10 and 25 mug doses, the plasma from both high and low responders reduced LPS-induced cytokine generation in whole blood. Reimmunization of six subjects at 12 months did not convert low responders to high responders or boost the still elevated anti-J5 LPS levels of high responders. If functional assays of anti-LPS antibodies are better predictors of vaccine efficacy than ELISA antibody levels, then it will be necessary to determine which of many potential assays best correlates with protection in animal models. We are currently comparing a panel of functional assays with protective efficacy in animal models of sepsis, as well as the ability of adjuvants to enhance vaccine efficacy. The availability of an effective anti-endotoxin vaccine will provide additional therapeutic options for the prevention and/or treatment of sepsis. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Brown Univ, Mem Hosp Rhode Isl, Infect Dis Unit, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Cross, AS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, 685 W Baltimore St,HSF 480, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM across@medicine.umaryland.edu NR 35 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 17 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 7 BP 812 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.11.025 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 778GL UT WOS:000189231100003 PM 15040932 ER PT J AU Zavada, JM Jin, SX Nepal, N Lin, JY Jiang, HX Chow, P Hertog, B AF Zavada, JM Jin, SX Nepal, N Lin, JY Jiang, HX Chow, P Hertog, B TI Electroluminescent properties of erbium-doped III-N light-emitting diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; EMISSION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EPITAXY; SILICON; GAN AB We report on the synthesis of Er-doped III-N double heterostructure light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and their electroluminescence (EL) properties. The device structures were grown through a combination of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) on c-plane sapphire substrates. The AlGaN layers, with an Al concentration of similar to12%, were prepared by MOCVD and doped with Si or Mg to achieve n- and p-type conductivity, respectively. The Er+O-doped GaN active region was grown by MBE and had a thickness of 50 nm. The Er concentration was estimated to be similar to10(18) cm(-3). The multilayer n-AlGaN/GaN:Er/p-AlGaN structures were processed into LEDs using standard etching and contacting methods. Several different LEDs were produced and EL spectra were recorded with both forward and reverse bias conditions. Typically, the EL under reverse bias was five to ten times more intense than that under forward bias. The LEDs displayed a number of narrow emission lines representative of the GaN:Er system (green: 539 nm, 559 nm; infrared: 1000 nm, 1530 nm). While some current crowding was observed, green emission was visible under ambient room conditions at 300 K. At cryogenic temperatures, the emission lines increased in intensity and had a narrower linewidth. EL spectra were recorded down to 10 K and the L-I characteristics were systematically measured. The power output of the brightest LEDs was approximately 2.5 W/m2 at 300 K. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. SVT Associates Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. RP Zavada, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM john.zavada@us.army.mil RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 19 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 7 BP 1061 EP 1063 DI 10.1063/1.1647271 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 773CK UT WOS:000188880000011 ER PT J AU Nepal, N Nam, KB Nakarmi, ML Lin, JY Jiang, HX Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Nepal, N Nam, KB Nakarmi, ML Lin, JY Jiang, HX Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Optical properties of the nitrogen vacancy in AlN epilayers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; GAN; DEFECTS; DONOR; AIN AB AlN epilayers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition were implanted with cobalt ions and studied by deep UV photoluminescence (PL). A PL emission peak at 5.87 eV (at 10 K) was observed for the Co-implanted AlN epilayers, which was absent in as-grown AlN epilayers. Temperature dependence of the PL intensity of the 5.87 eV emission line revealed an ion-implantation induced defect with energy level of about 260 meV below the conduction band. The 5.87 eV emission line is believed due to a band-to-impurity transition involving the nitrogen vacancy (V-N) in ion-implanted AlN. The experimentally determined energy level of the nitrogen vacancy is in reasonable agreement with the calculated value of 300 meV. From the band-to-impurity transition involving V-N, we have deduced the energy band gap of AlN to be 6.13 eV, which is consistent with our previous result. Our results suggest that nitrogen vacancies in AlN cannot make any significant contribution to the n-type conductivity due to the large binding energy as well as the large formation energy. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Nepal, N (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM jiang@phys.ksu.edu RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 13 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 7 BP 1090 EP 1092 DI 10.1063/1.1648137 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 773CK UT WOS:000188880000021 ER PT J AU Jiang, RZ Rong, C Chu, DR AF Jiang, RZ Rong, C Chu, DR TI Determination of energy efficiency for a direct methanol fuel cell stack by a fuel circulation method SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE DMFC; fuel cell stack; stack design; energy efficiency; faradic efficiency ID BIPOLAR PLATE MATERIALS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; STAINLESS-STEEL; PERFORMANCE; ALLOYS AB A method of fuel circulation with a fixed amount of fuel was employed to investigate a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) stack that was built with metal foam flow fields for the air and fuel flows. The stack power output increases significantly with environmental temperature from 20 to 40degreesC. The average peak power per cell at 40degreesC is 26 mW cm(-2) per cell. The average discharge voltage per cell at peak power does not change with temperature but remains at 0.3 V. The energy output of the stack was determined at constant current or constant voltage with a fixed amount of methanol to feed the anode of the stack until the fuel was consumed. The results by constant current discharge show that at higher temperature the stack has remarkably higher energy output; while at the same temperature only a suitable magnitude of discharge current can achieve the highest energy output. The results by constant voltage discharge show that the Faradic efficiency is 86%, and the energy efficiency is 17% at 30degreesC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, RZ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM rjiang@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 16 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.08.022 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 773WG UT WOS:000188947000016 ER PT J AU Cao, L Harrington, PD Harden, CS McHugh, VM Thomas, MA AF Cao, L Harrington, PD Harden, CS McHugh, VM Thomas, MA TI Nonlinear wavelet compression of ion mobility spectra from ion mobility spectrometers mounted in an unmanned aerial vehicle SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FOURIER COMPRESSION; TRANSFORM; RESOLUTION AB Linear and nonlinear wavelet compression of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) data are compared and evaluated. IMS provides low detection limits and rapid response for many compounds. Nonlinear wavelet compression of ion mobility spectra reduced the data to 4-5% of its original size, while eliminating artifacts in the reconstructed spectra that occur with linear compression, and the root-mean-square reconstruction error was 0.17-0.20% of the maximum intensity of the uncompressed spectra. Furthermore, nonlinear wavelet compression precisely preserves the peak location (i.e., drift time). Small variations in peak location may occur in the reconstructed spectra that were linearly compressed. A method was developed and evaluated for optimizing the compression. The compression method was evaluated with in-flight data recorded from ion mobility spectrometers mounted in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Plumes of dimethyl methylphosphonate were disseminated for interrogation by the UAV-mounted IMS system. The daublet 8 wavelet filter exhibited the best performance for these evaluations. C1 Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Smith Detect, Watford WD2 2BW, Herts, England. RP Harrington, PD (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Clippinger Labs, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM peter.harrington@ohio.edu OI Harrington, Peter/0000-0003-0268-8630 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1077 DI 10.1021/ac0351466 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 776QC UT WOS:000189127100027 PM 14961740 ER PT J AU Tofferi, JK Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG AF Tofferi, JK Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG TI Treatment of fibromyalgia with cyclobenzaprine: A meta-analysis SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM-ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fibromyalgia; cyclobenzaprine; fibrositis; therapy ID DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PRIMARY FIBROSITIS; AMITRIPTYLINE; MANAGEMENT; FLUOXETINE; IBUPROFEN; TERM AB Objective. To systematically review the effectiveness of cyclobenzaprine in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Methods. Articles describing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of cyclobenzaprine in people with fibromyalgia were obtained from Medline, EMBase, Psyclit, the Cochrane Library, and Federal Research in Progress Database. Unpublished literature and bibliographies were also reviewed. Outcomes, including global improvement, treatment effects on pain, fatigue, sleep, and tender points over time, were abstracted. Results. Five randomized, placebo-controlled trials were identified. The odds ratio for global improvement with therapy was 3.0 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.6-5.6) with a pooled risk difference of 0.21 (95% CI 0.09-0.34), which calculates to 4.8 (95% CI 3.0-11) individuals needing treatment for 1 patient to experience symptom improvement. Pain improved early on, but there was no improvement in fatigue or tender points at any time. Conclusion. Cyclobenzaprine-treated patients were 3 times as likely to report overall improvement and to report moderate reductions in individual symptoms, particularly sleep. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jejackson@usuhs.mil NR 37 TC 86 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR JI Arthritis Rheum-Arthritis Care Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1002/art.20076 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 773QZ UT WOS:000188935400002 PM 14872449 ER PT J AU Liang, XJ Yin, JJ Zhou, JW Wang, PC Taylor, B Cardarelli, C Kozar, M Forte, R Aszalos, A Gottesman, MM AF Liang, XJ Yin, JJ Zhou, JW Wang, PC Taylor, B Cardarelli, C Kozar, M Forte, R Aszalos, A Gottesman, MM TI Changes in biophysical parameters of plasma membranes influence cisplatin resistance of sensitive and resistant epidermal carcinoma cells SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cisplatin resistance; heptadecanoic acid; plasma membrane fluidity; membrane potential; fluorescence polarization; human epidermal carcinoma KB cells ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; DNA DAMAGE; LINES; ACCUMULATION; PACKING; DRUGS; ACID AB The mechanism of resistance of cancer cells to the anticancer drug cisplatin is not fully understood. Using cisplatin-sensitive KB-3-1 and -resistant KCP-20 cells, we found that the resistant cells have higher membrane potential, as determined by membrane potential sensing oxonol dye. Electron spin resonance and fluorescence polarization studies revealed that the-resistant cells have more "fluid" plasma membranes than the sensitive cells. Because of this observed difference in membrane "fluidity," we attempted modification of the plasma membrane fluidity by the incorporation of heptadecanoic acid into KB-3-1 and KCP-20 cell membranes. We found that such treatment resulted in increased heptadecanoic acid content and increased fluidity in the plasma membranes of both cell types, and also resulted in increased cisplatin resistance in the KCP-20 cells. This finding is in accord with our results, which showed that the cisplatin-resistant KCP-20 cells have more fluid membranes than the cisplatin-sensitive KB-3-1 cells. It remains to be determined whether the observed differences in biophysical status and/or fatty acid composition alone, or the secondary effect of these differences on the structure or function of some transmembrane protein(s), is the reason for increased cisplatin resistance. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NCI, Cell Biol Lab, Canc Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Instrumentat & Biophys Branch, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20060 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gottesman, MM (reprint author), NCI, Cell Biol Lab, Canc Res Ctr, NIH, Room 1A-09,37 Convent Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mgottesman@nih.gov RI Kozar, Michael/A-9155-2011; Yin, Jun Jie /E-5619-2014 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 293 IS 2 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.10.012 PG 9 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 767QB UT WOS:000188462700011 PM 14729466 ER PT J AU Kalchayanand, N Dunne, P Sikes, A Ray, B AF Kalchayanand, N Dunne, P Sikes, A Ray, B TI Viability loss and morphology change of foodborne pathogens following exposure to hydrostatic pressures in the presence and absence of bacteriocins SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foodborne pathogens; bacteriocin; pediocin; nisin; cell lysis; scanning electron microscopy; Listeria; Salmonella; E. coli O157 : H7 ID PEDIOCOCCUS-ACIDILACTICI-H; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; PEDIOCIN ACH; COMBINATION; STRAINS; SYSTEMS; INJURY; NISIN AB Cell suspensions of three pathogens were exposed to hydrostatic pressure (HP), bacteriocin mixture (nisin and pediocin) or a combination of HP+bacteriocins and changes in colony forming units (cfu) and cell-morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were studied. Cell viability loss, as determined from the reduction in cfu before and after a treatment, occurred in Listeria monocytogenes by all three treatments and in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 by HP and HP+ bacteriocin combination. Cell wall and cell membrane collapse and cell lysis was indicated in L. monocytogenes exposed to bacteriocin or HP+ bacteriocin and in Salmonella and E. coli exposed to HP or HP+ bacteriocin. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Sikes, A (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM anthony.sikes@natick.army.mil NR 21 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 91 IS 1 BP 91 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00324-6 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 780PG UT WOS:000189389700010 PM 14967564 ER PT J AU Zvanut, ME Matlock, DM Henry, RL Koleske, D Wickenden, A AF Zvanut, ME Matlock, DM Henry, RL Koleske, D Wickenden, A TI Thermal activation of Mg-doped GaN as monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN PASSIVATION; GALLIUM NITRIDE; COMPENSATION; STABILITY AB The microscopic process involved with thermal activation of the Mg acceptors in GaN epitaxial films is investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Samples were heat treated in dry N-2 for 30 min at temperatures between 200 and 1000degreesC. Below 850degreesC, the data are consistent with release of hydrogen from a Mg complex and corroborate the initial assignment of the EPR signal to the p-type acceptor. However, the Mg-related EPR signal is permanently quenched for anneals above 850degreesC suggesting that additional point defects are created during high temperature treatment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zvanut, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mezvanut@uab.edu NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1884 EP 1887 DI 10.1063/1.1639954 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 769MP UT WOS:000188654100041 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Inside Hitler's bunker: The last days of the Third Reich. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 3 BP 139 EP 139 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 772TC UT WOS:000188856500133 ER PT J AU Crowe, TW Globus, T Woolard, DL Hesler, JL AF Crowe, TW Globus, T Woolard, DL Hesler, JL TI Terahertz sources and detectors and their application to biological sensing SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Discussion Meeting on the Terahertz Gap CY JUN 04-05, 2003 CL ROYAL SOC, LONDON, ENGLAND HO ROYAL SOC DE terahertz technology; biological sensing; terahertz sources; terahertz spectroscopy ID ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; ASTRONOMY; MOLECULES AB Terahertz spectroscopy has long been used as an important measurement tool in fields such as radio astronomy, physical chemistry, atmospheric studies and plasma research. More recently terahertz technology has been used to develop an exciting new technique to investigate the properties of a wide range of biological materials. Although much research remains before a full understanding of the interaction between biomaterials and terahertz radiation is developed, these initial studies have created a compelling case for further scientific study. Also, the potential development of practical tools to detect and identify biological materials such as biological-warfare agents and food contaminants, or of medical diagnostic tools, is driving the need for improved terahertz technology. In particular, improved terahertz sources and detectors that can be used in practical spectroscopy systems are needed. This paper overviews some of the recent measurements of the terahertz spectra of biomaterials and the ongoing efforts to create an all-solid-state technology suitable not only for improved scientific experiments but also for military and commercial applications. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Virginia Diodes Inc, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Crowe, TW (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 351 McCormick Rd,POB 400743, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RI Zhang, Xi-Cheng/G-1306-2016 OI Zhang, Xi-Cheng/0000-0003-3721-1357 NR 19 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 362 IS 1815 BP 365 EP 374 DI 10.1098/rsta.2003.1327 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 772PN UT WOS:000188850600024 PM 15306526 ER PT J AU Stow, DA Hope, A McGuire, D Verbyla, D Gamon, J Huemmrich, F Houston, S Racine, C Sturm, M Tape, K Hinzman, L Yoshikawa, K Tweedie, C Noyle, B Silapaswan, C Douglas, D Griffith, B Jia, G Epstein, H Walker, D Daeschner, S Petersen, A Zhou, LM Myneni, R AF Stow, DA Hope, A McGuire, D Verbyla, D Gamon, J Huemmrich, F Houston, S Racine, C Sturm, M Tape, K Hinzman, L Yoshikawa, K Tweedie, C Noyle, B Silapaswan, C Douglas, D Griffith, B Jia, G Epstein, H Walker, D Daeschner, S Petersen, A Zhou, LM Myneni, R TI Remote sensing of vegetation and land-cover change in Arctic Tundra Ecosystems SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Arctic tundra vegetation; vegetation change; land cover change; global climate; Alaska ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; NEAR-INFRARED CHANNELS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; AVHRR DATA; GROWING-SEASON; CO2 FLUX; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; NORTHERN ALASKA; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; HIGH-LATITUDES AB The objective of this paper is to review research conducted over the past decade on the application of multi-temporal remote sensing for monitoring changes of Arctic tundra lands. Emphasis is placed on results from the National Science Foundation Land-Air-Ice Interactions (LAII) program and on optical remote sensing techniques. Case studies demonstrate that ground-level sensors on stationary or moving track platforms and wide-swath imaging sensors on polar orbiting satellites are particularly useful for capturing optical remote sensing data at sufficient frequency to study tundra vegetation dynamics and changes for the cloud prone Arctic. Less frequent imaging with high spatial resolution instruments on aircraft and lower orbiting satellites enable more detailed analyses of land cover change and calibration/validation of coarser resolution observations. The strongest signals of ecosystem change detected thus far appear to correspond to expansion of tundra shrubs and changes in the amount and extent of thaw lakes and ponds. Changes in shrub cover and extent have been documented by modem repeat imaging that matches archived historical aerial photography. NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) time series provide a 20-year record for determining changes in greenness that relates to photosynthetic activity, net primary production, and growing season length. The strong contrast between land materials and surface waters enables changes in lake and pond extent to be readily measured and monitored. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Univ Alaska, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Alaska, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Ctr Environm Anal, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, CRREL, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst No Engn, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Arct Ecol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Space Imaging Solut, Michigan Off, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USGS Alaska, Ctr Biol Sci, Glacier Bay Field Stn, Juneau Off, Douglas, AK 99824 USA. Univ Alaska, USGS Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Stow, DA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM stow@mail.sdsu.edu RI Zhou, Liming/A-2688-2012; Gamon, John/A-2641-2014; Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012 OI Gamon, John/0000-0002-8269-7723; NR 106 TC 290 Z9 346 U1 23 U2 200 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 89 IS 3 BP 281 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2003.10.018 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 768TA UT WOS:000188590100003 ER PT J AU Park, MS Cancio, LC Jordan, BS Brinkley, WW Rivera, VR Dubick, MA AF Park, MS Cancio, LC Jordan, BS Brinkley, WW Rivera, VR Dubick, MA TI Assessment of oxidative stress in lungs from sheep after inhalation of wood smoke SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE wood smoke; oxidant stress; lipid peroxidation; myeloperoxidase; sheep ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; EXPIRED BREATH; OVINE MODEL; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; FLUID RESUSCITATION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PULMONARY-FUNCTION AB To elucidate potential dose-dependent mechanisms associated with wood smoke inhalation injury, the present study evaluated antioxidant status and the extent of pulmonary injury in sheep after graded exposure to smoke. Adult, male sheep (n = 4-5 per group) were anesthetized and received 0, 5, 10 or 16 units of cooled western pine bark smoke, corresponding to 0, 175, 350 and 560 s, respectively, of smoke dwell time in the airways and lung. Smoke was mixed at a 1: 1 ratio with 100% 02 to minimize hypoxia. Plasma and expired breath samples were collected pre-smoke, and 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h after smoke exposure. Sheep were euthanatized 48 h after smoke exposure and lung and airway sections were evaluated histologically for injury and biochemically for indices of oxidative stress. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were 66 and 69% higher than controls after moderate and severe smoke exposure at 48 h, whereas total antioxidant potential was not statistically different among groups at any time after exposure. Lung TBARS showed a dose-dependent response to smoke inhalation and were approximately 2-, 3- and 4-fold higher, respectively, than controls after exposure to 5, 10 and 16 units of smoke. Lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was also higher in smoke-exposed animals than controls, and MPO activity was markedly elevated (19- and 22-fold higher than controls in right apical and medial lobes) in response to severe smoke exposure. Smoke exposure also induced a dose-dependent injury to tracheobronchial epithelium and lung parenchyma. Taken together these data show that few indices of oxidative stress responded in a dose-dependent manner to graded doses of smoke inhalation, although most of the indices measured in lung were affected by the highest dose of smoke. Additional time course studies are necessary to determine whether these oxidants are a cause or a consequence of the airway and lung injury associated with exposure to wood smoke. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM michael.dubick@amedd.army.mil NR 69 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 195 IS 2-3 BP 97 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2003.09.005 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 775KB UT WOS:000189038300002 PM 14751667 ER PT J AU Chung, PW Tamma, KK Namburu, RR AF Chung, PW Tamma, KK Namburu, RR TI A computational approach for multi-scale analysis of heterogeneous elasto-plastic media subjected to short duration loads SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE homogenization; dynamics; elasto-plasticity; heterogeneous media; finite element method ID COMPOSITE-MATERIALS AB The asymptotic expansion homogenization (AEH) approach has found wide acceptance for the study of heterogeneous structures due to its ability to account for multi-scale features. The emphasis of the present study is to develop consistent AEH numerical formulations to address elasto-plastic material response of structures subjected to short-duration transient loading. A second-order accurate velocity-based explicit time integration method, in conjunction with the AEH approach, is currently developed that accounts for large deformation non-linear material response. The approach is verified under degenerate homogeneous conditions using existing experimental data in the literature and its ability to account for heterogeneous conditions is demonstrated for a number of test problems. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Engn Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. AMSRL CI HC, US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tamma, KK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Engn Mech, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM ktamma@tc.umn.edu NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD FEB 14 PY 2004 VL 59 IS 6 BP 825 EP 848 DI 10.1002/nme.880 PG 24 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 771WJ UT WOS:000188808800003 ER PT J AU McNeil, JG Johnston, MI Birx, DL Tramont, EC AF McNeil, JG Johnston, MI Birx, DL Tramont, EC TI Policy rebuttal - HIV vaccine trial justified SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RECOMBINANT CANARYPOX; RESPONSES; ADULTS; GP120 C1 NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McNeil, JG (reprint author), NIAID, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jomcneil@mail.nih.gov NR 12 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5660 BP 961 EP 961 DI 10.1126/science.1096161 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 773JJ UT WOS:000188918000027 PM 14963313 ER PT J AU Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, PB Kennerly, SW AF Chakrabarti, S Stiff-Roberts, AD Bhattacharya, PB Kennerly, SW TI High responsivity AlAs/InAs/GaAs superlattice quantum dot infrared photodetector SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETECTORS AB The characteristics of quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) in which InAs self-organised quantum dots are embedded in an AlAs/GaAs superlattice matrix are reported. An extremely large peak responsivity, R-p = 2.5 A/W, is measured at T = 78K for V-bias = -1.5 V A dark current density as low as 3.2 x 10(-4) A/cm(2) for V-bias = -2.0 V is also measured at T = 300K. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chakrabarti, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 197 EP 198 DI 10.1049/el:20040136 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 779QG UT WOS:000189311100031 ER PT J AU Xiao, D Kim, KW Bedair, SM Zavada, JM AF Xiao, D Kim, KW Bedair, SM Zavada, JM TI Design of white light-emitting diodes using InGaN/AlInGaN quantum-well structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Based on the Rashba-Sheka-Pikus Hamiltonian in the vicinity of the Gamma point, and taking into consideration spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization, the optical intensity of nitride-based quantum-well light-emitting diodes has been calculated. It is found that strain substantially alters the subband structure and thus the output intensity of these nitride-biased quantum-well light-emitting diodes. A design that uses AlInGaN as the quantum barrier is proposed to realize efficient red emission, which is hard to achieve if GaN is used as the barrier. In the proposed design, three different InGaN/AlInGaN quantum-well structures emit red, green, and blue light of similar intensity. Also, to achieve high efficiency, important factors related to the oscillator strength are discussed in detail. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xiao, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@ncsu.edu NR 8 TC 34 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 672 EP 674 DI 10.1063/1.1644920 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 767WX UT WOS:000188497800010 ER PT J AU Givens, ML Ayotte, K Manifold, C AF Givens, ML Ayotte, K Manifold, C TI Needle thoracostomy: Implications of computed tomography chest wall thickness SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE needle thoracostomy; catheter; computed tomography; chest wall thickness ID TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX AB Objectives: To determine the length of catheter required to perform a needle thoracostomy, as determined by chest wall thickness, to treat the majority of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a potential tension pneumothorax. Methods: A convenience sample of 111 computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest in trauma and medical resuscitation patients at a military Level 1 trauma center in San Antonio, Texas, was pooled, and the chest wall thickness was measured at the second intercostal space, midclavicular line, to the nearest 0.1 cm. Results: The mean chest wall thickness in the patients studied averaged 4.24 cm (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.97 to 4.52). Nearly one fourth (25) of the study patients had a chest wall thicker than 5 cm. Women, on average, have thicker chest walls than men (4.90 for women; 4.16 for men; p = 0.022). Conclusions: In this study, a catheter length of 5 cm would reliably penetrate the pleural space of only 75% of patients. A longer catheter should be considered, especially in women. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Emergency Med Residency, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Givens, ML (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Emergency Med, Sect Toxicol, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. EM melissagivens@sbcglobal.net NR 12 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 BP 211 EP 213 DI 10.1197/j.aem.2003.09.015 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 771GQ UT WOS:000188777600018 PM 14759970 ER PT J AU Lesho, EP Manngold, J Gey, DC AF Lesho, EP Manngold, J Gey, DC TI Management of peripheral arterial disease SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; VASCULAR-DISEASE; FEMORAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS POSCH; SURGICAL CONTROL; PRIMARY-CARE/; TOBACCO USE; THERAPY AB Peripheral arterial disease is common, but the diagnosis frequently is overlooked because of subtle physical findings and lack of classic symptoms. Screening based on the ankle brachial index using Doppler ultrasonography may be more useful than physical examination alone. Noninvasive modalities to locate lesions include magnetic resonance angiography, duplex scanning, and hemodynamic localization. Major risk factors for peripheral arterial disease are cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, older age (older than 40 years), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperhomocystinemia. Nonsurgical therapy for intermittent claudication involves risk-factor modification, exercise, and pharmacologic therapy. Based on available evidence, a supervised exercise program is the most effective treatment. All patients with peripheral arterial disease should undergo aggressive control of blood pressure, sugar intake, and lipid levels. All available strategies to help patients quit smoking, such as counseling and nicotine replacement, should be used. Effective drug therapies for peripheral arterial disease include aspirin (with or,without dipyridamole), clopidogrel, cilostazol, and pentoxifylline. Copyright (C) 2004 American Academy of Family Physicians. C1 USA, Med Dept Act, Heidelberg, Germany. Kreuzlingen Heart Ctr, Bodensee, Switzerland. Univ Heidelberg, Sch Med, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Lesho, EP (reprint author), USA, MC, LTC, 611 Forest Glen Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 40 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 BP 525 EP 532 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 772FG UT WOS:000188830200007 ER PT J AU Chronowski, GM Wilder, RB Levy, LB Atkinson, EN Ha, CS Hagemeister, FB Barista, I Rodriguez, MA Sarris, AH Hess, MA Cabanillas, F Cox, JD AF Chronowski, GM Wilder, RB Levy, LB Atkinson, EN Ha, CS Hagemeister, FB Barista, I Rodriguez, MA Sarris, AH Hess, MA Cabanillas, F Cox, JD TI Second malignancies after chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pan-Pacific Lymphoma Conference CY JUN 19-22, 2001 CL WAILEA, HAWAII DE chemotherapy; NOVP; radiotherapy; Hodgkin disease; second primary neoplasms ID BREAST-CANCER; 2 CYCLES; STAGE-I; RISK; IRRADIATION; THERAPY; NOMENCLATURE; VINBLASTINE; VINCRISTINE; PREDNISONE AB The purpose of this preliminary study was to determine the incidence of second malignancies after combined-modality therapy for adults with Hodgkin disease and relate it to the details of initial treatment. We retrospectively studied 286 patients ranging in age from 16 to 88 years with stage I or II Hodgkin disease who were treated between 1980 and 1995 with chemotherapy followed 3 to 4 weeks later by radiotherapy. Patients received a median of three cycles of induction chemotherapy. Mitoxantrone, vincristine, vinblastine, and prednisone was used in 161 cases, mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) in 67 cases, Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine in 19 cases, lomustine, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone/doxorubicin, bleomycin, dacarbazine, and lomustine in 18 cases, and other chemotherapeutic regimens in the remaining 21 cases. The median radiotherapy dose was 40 Gy given in 20 daily 2-Gy fractions. Median follow-up of surviving patients was 7.4 years. There were 2,230 person-years of observation. Significantly increased relative risks (RR) were observed for acute myeloid leukemia (RR, 69.3; 95% CI, 14.3-202.6) and melanoma (RR, 7.3; 95% CI, 1.5-21.3). The 5-, 10-, and 15-year actuarial risks of acute myeloid leukemia were 0.8%, 1.3%, and 1.3%, respectively. Patients treated with MOPP had the highest 15-year actuarial risk of leukemia (1.6%). The 5-, 10-, and 15-year actuarial risks of solid tumors were 1.9%, 9.3%, and 16.8%, respectively. Consolidative radiotherapy to both sides of the diaphragm resulted in a trend toward an increased risk of solid tumors relative to radiotherapy to only one side of the diaphragm (p = 0.08). In an effort to reduce the risk of second malignancies, we have stopped using the alkylating agents nitrogen mustard and procarbazine and elective paraaortic and splenic radiotherapy after chemotherapy. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Biomath, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Lymphoma, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Wilder, RB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Radiol Oncol Sect, 6800 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 16672, CA 6294] NR 48 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3732 J9 AM J CLIN ONCOL-CANC JI Am. J. Clin. Oncol.-Cancer Clin. Trials PD FEB PY 2004 VL 27 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1097/01.coc.0000045853.73233.42 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 771KF UT WOS:000188783600013 PM 14758137 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Pethel, SD Hopper, BA AF Corron, NJ Pethel, SD Hopper, BA TI A simple electronic system for demonstrating chaos control SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB In this note, we describe a simple electronic oscillator and controller for demonstrating chaos control. The oscillator is built using a LC tank circuit tuned near 1 kHz, and the controller is an active limiter. Both circuits can be constructed using common, inexpensive parts. As such, this system is well suited for laboratory demonstrations of chaos control, thereby providing students with valuable exposure to the emerging field of chaos engineering. (C) 2004 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM, RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM, RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 2 BP 272 EP 276 DI 10.1119/1.1611478 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 764GM UT WOS:000188199100022 ER PT J AU Hanly, EJ Marohn, MR Bachman, SL Talamini, MA Hacker, SO Howard, RS Schenkman, NS AF Hanly, EJ Marohn, MR Bachman, SL Talamini, MA Hacker, SO Howard, RS Schenkman, NS TI Multiservice laparoscopic surgical training using the daVinci surgical system SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE surgery; education; robotics; laparoscopy; learning curve; daVinci surgical system ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; LEARNING-CURVE; OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY; SKILLS; COMPLICATIONS; EXPERIENCE; SURGERY; STRESS; TRIAL AB Background: The daVinci surgical system affords surgeons a magnified three-dimensional videoscopic view of the operative field and precise articulating laparoscopic instruments. The learning curve for this advanced surgical robotics system is poorly characterized. Methods: Twenty-three surgeons representing seven surgical subspecialties participated in a surgical robotics training program consisting of standardized daVinci system training (phase 1) followed by self-guided learning in a porcine model (phase 2)., Results: The average number of recorded procedures performed per surgeon during phase 2 was 5.5. The mean daVinci system set-up time was 45 minutes and decreased by an average of 56.1% by the third successive set-up (r = -0.702, P <0.005). Operative times decreased 39.0% by the third successive practice operation (r = -0.860, P <0.0005). Conclusions: New use of the daVinci robot is associated with a rapid learning curve and preclinical animal model training is effective in developing surgical robotics skills. (C) 2004 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vet Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Div Biostat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Schenkman, NS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM noah.schenkman@na.smedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 187 IS 2 BP 309 EP + DI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2003.11.021 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 772DL UT WOS:000188825300032 PM 14769327 ER PT J AU O'Guinn, ML Lee, JS Kondig, JP Fernandez, R Carbajal, F AF O'Guinn, ML Lee, JS Kondig, JP Fernandez, R Carbajal, F TI Field detection of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the Amazon Basin region of Peru using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction adapted for field identification of arthropod-borne pathogens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; CULICIDAE; ALPHAVIRUSES; AMERICA; STRAINS AB In support of efforts to develop rapid diagnostic assays for use in the field, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were developed to detect arboviruses circulating in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. Previous knowledge of arthropod/pathogen relationships allowed a focused evaluation to be conducted in November 2000 that assessed the feasibility and reliability of a mobile, rapid, field-expedient RT-PCR diagnostic system aimed at detecting eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) in Culex (Melanoconion) pedroi mosquitoes. Modifications were made to a commercially available mobile molecular laboratory kit and assay procedures were tailored for use under harsh environmental conditions with field-collected and field-processed mosquitoes. From CO2 baited mosquito light traps, 3,227 Cx. (Mel.) pedroi mosquitoes were collected and sorted into 117 pools. The pools were processed and assayed in the field by RT-PCR and five of those pools were found positive for EEEV. Laboratory sequence analysis confirmed the presence of two distinct subtypes of EEEV. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med Pacific, Camp Zama, Japan. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USN, Dept Med Entomol, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RP O'Guinn, ML (reprint author), USACHPPM Pac, APO, AP 96343 USA. EM john.lee@det.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773BZ UT WOS:000188879000012 PM 14993628 ER PT J AU Phuong, CXT Nhan, NT Kneen, R Thuy, PTT Van Thien, C Nga, NTT Thuy, TT Solomon, T Stepniewska, K Wills, B AF Phuong, CXT Nhan, NT Kneen, R Thuy, PTT Van Thien, C Nga, NTT Thuy, TT Solomon, T Stepniewska, K Wills, B CA Dong Nai Study Grp TI Clinical diagnosis and assessment of severity of confirmed dengue infections in Vietnamese children: Is the world health organization classification system helpful? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; FRENCH-POLYNESIA; EPIDEMIC; THAILAND; DISEASE AB Classification of dengue using the current World Health Organization (WHO) system is not straightforward. In a large prospective study of pediatric dengue, no clinical or basic laboratory parameters clearly differentiated between children with and without dengue, although petechiae and hepatomegaly were independently associated with the diagnosis. Among the 712 dengue-infected children there was considerable overlap in the major clinical features. Mucosal bleeding was observed with equal frequency in those with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and petechiae, thrombocytopenia, and the tourniquet test differentiated poorly between the two diagnostic categories. Fifty-seven (18%) of 310 with shock did not fulfill all four criteria considered necessary for a diagnosis of DHF by the WHO, but use of the WHO provisional classification scheme resulted in considerable over-inflation of the DHF figures. If two separate entities truly exist rather than a continuous spectrum of disease, it is essential that some measure of capillary leak is included in any classification system, with less emphasis on bleeding and a specific platelet count. C1 Dong Nai Paediat Ctr, Bien Hoa, Vietnam. Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hosp Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. John Radcliffe Hosp, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. USA Med Component, Dept Virol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. RP Phuong, CXT (reprint author), Dong Nai Paediat Ctr, Dong Nai Prov, Bien Hoa, Vietnam. EM bridgetw@hcm.vnn.vn NR 29 TC 95 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 172 EP 179 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773BZ UT WOS:000188879000013 PM 14993629 ER PT J AU Villahermosa, LG Fajardo, TT Abalos, RM Cellona, RV Balagon, MV Dela Cruz, EC Tan, EV Walsh, GP Walsh, DS AF Villahermosa, LG Fajardo, TT Abalos, RM Cellona, RV Balagon, MV Dela Cruz, EC Tan, EV Walsh, GP Walsh, DS TI Parallel assessment of 24 monthly doses of rifampin, ofloxacin, and minocycline versus two years of world health organization multi-drug therapy for multi-bacillary leprosy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY; MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY; PAUCIBACILLARY; CHEMOTHERAPY; CLOFAZIMINE; COMBINATION; RESOLUTION; MDT; ROM AB Monthly doses of rifampin, ofloxacin, and minocycline (ROM) are expected to be effective treatment for multi-bacillary leprosy. Patients with MB leprosy received ROM (n = 10) or World Health Organization multi-drug therapy (MDT) (n = 11). Treatment with ROM was given as 24 consecutive monthly observed doses of rifampin (600 mg), ofloxacin (400 mg), and minocycline (100 mg). Treatment with MDT was given as 24 consecutive monthly observed doses of rifampin (600 mg) and clofazimine (300 mg), and unobserved daily dapsone (100 mg) and clofazimine (50 mg). Twenty patients completed the 24-month regimens with > 99% compliance. Treatments with ROM and MDT were safe, tolerable. and caused similar improvements in lesions, bacterial indices, and histology. All MDT recipients developed clofazimine-induced pigmentation. Six ROM and nine MDT recipients assessed at five or more years after completion of treatment had no evidence of relapse. Twenty-four months of treatment with ROM is a safe, well-tolerated, and convenient regimen that may provide an alternate therapy to MDT for MB leprosy. Larger trials with sufficient follow-up world better define the role of ROM. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Cebu, Philippines. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 197 EP 200 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773BZ UT WOS:000188879000017 PM 14993633 ER PT J AU Liebman, SA Kaste, PJ Wampler, TP AF Liebman, SA Kaste, PJ Wampler, TP TI A microreactor-analytical system applied to fullerene and carbon nanotube samples SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article C1 CECON Grp, Holtwood, PA USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. CDS Analyt Inc, Sci & Technol, Oxford, PA 19363 USA. EM twampler@cdsanalytical.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 USA SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 36 IS 4 BP 80 EP + PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 779DB UT WOS:000189279400008 ER PT J AU Mahan, CM Kang, HK Dalager, NA Heller, JM AF Mahan, CM Kang, HK Dalager, NA Heller, JM TI Anthrax vaccination and self-reported symptoms, functional status, and medical conditions in the national health survey of Gulf War era veterans and their families SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gulf War; anthrax vaccine; information bias; recall bias ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES AB PURPOSE: To evaluate the health status of Gulf War veterans who reported receipt of anthrax vaccination and a small group of Gulf War veterans for whom documentation of anthrax vaccination exists. METHODS: Among the 11,441 Gulf War veterans who completed a health survey, 4601 reported receiving the anthrax vaccine during the war; 2979 veterans reported not receiving it; 3861 were uncertain. Also, 352 of these respondents were documented by the Department of Defense as having received anthrax vaccination. We compared the medical history of these groups of veterans using multivariate analyses. Finally, we analyzed perception of exposure and its relation to reporting bias. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in prevalence for almost all outcomes studied between those who reported having received anthrax vaccination and those who did not so report. However, when we compared the veterans for whom vaccination records exist to the group who self-reported that they had not received the vaccine, the significant differences in prevalence for almost all of the outcomes disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of a reporting bias should be carefully considered when one evaluates the health consequences of anthrax vaccination based on self-reported data. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Vet Hlth Adm, Washington, DC 20420 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Kang, HK (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Vet Hlth Adm, 810 Vermont Ave NW, Washington, DC 20420 USA. EM han.kang@hq.med.va.gov NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(03)00124-8 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777QF UT WOS:000189188500001 PM 15018879 ER PT J AU Buda-Okreglak, EM Drabick, JJ Delaney, NR AF Buda-Okreglak, EM Drabick, JJ Delaney, NR TI Proinflammatory syndrome mimicking acute rheumatoid arthritis in a patient with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia treated with rituximab SO ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia; rituximab; proinflammatory syndrome; acute arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis; adverse reaction ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; CYTOKINE-RELEASE SYNDROME; THERAPY; METHOTREXATE; IDEC-C2B8; DEPLETION; LYMPHOMA; EFFICACY; CELLS AB Acute adverse reactions to rituximab treatment have been previously described in association with initiation of therapy. We describe a novel delayed proinflammatory syndrome which occurred at, or near, the completion of a 4-week dose-intense course with rituximab in a 58-year-old man with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and which mimicked acute rheumatoid arthritis affecting the hands and the knees. This syndrome was associated with an increase in acute phase reactants, and the clinical symptoms were temporally reproducible, although decreased in severity, with subsequent rituximab therapy, and each time responded to prednisone. This is the first report on an acute rheumatoid-like flare occurring in association with rituximab therapy. This phenomenon is all the more intriguing in that rituximab has been used to treat refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Potential etiologic mechanisms and management of this newly described phenomenon are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Buda-Okreglak, EM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Edwarda.Buda-Okreglak@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0939-5555 J9 ANN HEMATOL JI Ann. Hematol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 83 IS 2 BP 117 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s00277-003-0747-5 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 763QW UT WOS:000188112800009 PM 14513285 ER PT J AU Cable, BB Brenner, P Bauman, NM Mair, EA AF Cable, BB Brenner, P Bauman, NM Mair, EA TI Image-guided surgical drainage of medial parapharyngeal abscesses in children: A novel adjuvant to a difficult approach SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE child; image-guided surgery; neck abscess; parapharyngeal space ID NECK SPACE INFECTIONS; MANAGEMENT AB Surgical drainage of localized infections in deep neck spaces in children is often completed without a high degree of technical difficulty. However, abscess drainage within the superior parapharyngeal space medial to the great vessels is particularly challenging for otolaryngologists. Drawbacks to both the intraoral and external approaches to this area have led us to develop a new adjunctive technique that utilizes intraoperative image-guided technology to augment the intraoral approach. Here we present a case series of 12 children in whom this technique was successfully used. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Pediat Otolaryngol Serv, Dept Otolaryngol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Dept Otolaryngol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Otolaryngol Serv, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Pediat Otolaryngol Serv, Dept Otolaryngol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. EM eric.mair@lackland.af.mil OI bauman, nancy/0000-0002-9010-8511 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 113 IS 2 BP 115 EP 120 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 774FP UT WOS:000188969400006 PM 14994765 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Mittal, V Lubert, S Somiari, RI Shriver, C AF Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Mittal, V Lubert, S Somiari, RI Shriver, C TI Outer breast quadrants demonstrate increased patterns of DNA genomic instability SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 18-21, 2004 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 SU S BP S50 EP S51 DI 10.1007/BF02523968 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 771LD UT WOS:000188786100005 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Sarachine, M Brown, P Somiari, R Hooke, J Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, R Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Sarachine, M Brown, P Somiari, R Hooke, J Shriver, CD TI Loss of heterozygosity in primary breast carcinomas and metastatic tumors of the axillary lymph nodes SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 18-21, 2004 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 SU S BP S92 EP S92 DI 10.1007/BF02524095 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 771LD UT WOS:000188786100132 ER PT J AU Hueman, MT Gurney, JM Storrer, CE Kotula, L Jackson, K Wilson, M Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Hueman, MT Gurney, JM Storrer, CE Kotula, L Jackson, K Wilson, M Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI Comparison of immunological responses in node-positive and node-negative breast cancer patients receiving a HER2/neu E75 peptide vaccine SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 18-21, 2004 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Clin Breast Care Project, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 SU S BP S69 EP S70 DI 10.1007/BF02524030 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 771LD UT WOS:000188786100067 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Fields, SI Shriver, CD Peretz, T Freund, HR Nissan, A AF Stojadinovic, A Fields, SI Shriver, CD Peretz, T Freund, HR Nissan, A TI Electrical impedance scanning of thyroid nodules prior to thyroid surgery: A prospective study SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 18-21, 2004 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Hadassah Univ Hosp Mt Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 2 SU S BP S64 EP S64 DI 10.1007/BF02524011 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 771LD UT WOS:000188786100048 ER PT J AU Cohen, DJ Malave, D Ghidoni, JJ Iakovidis, P Everett, MM You, SH Liu, YH Boyan, BD AF Cohen, DJ Malave, D Ghidoni, JJ Iakovidis, P Everett, MM You, SH Liu, YH Boyan, BD TI Role of oral bacterial flora in calcific aortic stenosis: An animal model SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; ENDOCARDITIS; VALVES; PATHOGENESIS; BACTEREMIA; ADHERENCE; INFECTION AB Background. Calcific aortic stenosis is a major public health problem in the United States. The mechanism of calcification remains unclear. The hypothesis that low grade chronic or recurrent bacterial endocarditis with specific calcifiable bacteria is a cause of calcification of the aortic valves was investigated using an animal model. Such bacteria are typically present as part of the normal human oral flora. Methods. Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups: group 1, control (1 ml of normal saline); group 2, Corynebacterium matruchotti 100,000 colonies; group 3, Streptococcus sanguis II 10 colonies; and group 4, C matruchotti 100,000 colonies plus S sanguis II 10 colonies. Animals were inoculated with bacteria through a flexible catheter placed through the aortic valve through a right carotid cut down. Inoculations were repeated every 3 days the first 2 weeks and then twice a week thereafter. At postmortem examination the aortic valves were harvested, embedded in paraffin, and stained with von Kossa stain. They were also examined by scanning and transmission electron micrography. Results. Group 4 had 93.3% large calcifications (confluent calcium densities that are easily recognized with minimal magnification) and 6.6% small microcalcifications (dustlike microscopic particles requiring a compound microscope to appreciate) of the aortic valves. Group 3 exhibited large calcification in 20% and small in 40% of the aortic valves. Group 1 and group 2 had no evidence of calcification. Conclusions. These results suggest that recurrent low-grade endocarditis from calcifying oral bacteria, particularly when occurring with synergistic strains, may be one cause of calcific aortic stenosis. (C) 2004 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthoped, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. RP Cohen, DJ (reprint author), USA, Colonel Med Corps, 15638 Dawn Crest, San Antonio, TX 78248 USA. EM david_j_cohen@hotmail.com FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-05932] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 77 IS 2 BP 537 EP 543 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(03)01454-1 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 769LQ UT WOS:000188651900038 PM 14759434 ER PT J AU Weber, AJ King, SC Meiselman, HL AF Weber, AJ King, SC Meiselman, HL TI Effects of social interaction, physical environment and food choice freedom on consumption in a meal-testing environment SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE choice; context; consumption; environment; meal; social ID FACILITATION; DURATION; FRIENDS; HUMANS AB Consumption of pizza, salad and iced tea was assessed in four separate tests at a central location. Three aspects of context were added in successive tests-social interaction during consumption, the physical environment in which the food was consumed and choice among foods-so that the fourth test had all effects present. The proportion consumed averaged from 79 to 82% of the food presented and increased significantly in the presence of one or more of the context manipulations. Salad consumption was higher when there was a choice of dressings in an enhanced environment. Pizza and tea consumption were higher in an enhanced restaurant-like environment. Social interaction alone has no detectable impact on food consumption. It is concluded that people eat more in enhanced contexts and careful consideration should be given to the environment in studies of food consumption. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 McCormick & Co Inc, Hunt Valley, MD 21031 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. RP Weber, AJ (reprint author), McCormick & Co Inc, 204 Wight Ave, Hunt Valley, MD 21031 USA. EM annette_weber@mccormick.com NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD FEB PY 2004 VL 42 IS 1 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2003.10.001 PG 4 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 802ZC UT WOS:000220200400016 PM 15036791 ER PT J AU Racine, C Jandt, R Meyers, C Dennis, J AF Racine, C Jandt, R Meyers, C Dennis, J TI Tundra fire and vegetation change along a hillslope on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUSSOCK TUNDRA; ARCTIC TUNDRA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RECOVERY; ENVIRONMENT; RESPONSES AB A 1977 tundra fire burned a hillslope where prefire soils and vegetation ranged from poorly drained moist tussock-shrub tundra on the lower slopes to well-drained dwarf shrub tundra on the back slope and very poorly drained wet sedge meadow on the flat crest. We sampled the vegetation on this slope before the fire and at 8 sites following the fire at irregular intervals from 1 yr to 25 yr. During the first decade after the fire, short-term recovery was dominated by bryophytes, sedges, and grasses from both regrowing sedge tussocks and seedlings. However, during the second and third decade, and by 24 yr after the fire, evergreen (Ledum palustre) and deciduous shrubs (mainly Salix pulchra willow) expanded dramatically so that shrub cover was generally higher than before the fire. Labrador tea has increased by vegetative means on the poorly drained lowest 3 tussock-shrub tundra sites. Upslope on the better-drained and more severely burned tussock-shrub and dwarf shrub tundra sites, willows became established from seed mainly during the first 10 yr after the fire and, based on their relatively large size (0.5-1 m tall) and cover, have grown rapidly during the past 15 to 20 yr. There has been very little or no recovery of Sphagnum moss and fruticose lichens after 24 yr at any site, except for Sphagnum moss in the wet meadow site. The permafrost active layer thickness has diminished to prefire levels at the lower slope tussock-shrub tundra sites but is much greater or degraded completely on the steeper slope, corresponding with the distribution of willow shrub colonization. These changes in tundra vegetation and permafrost following fire suggest that such fires could accelerate the predicted effects of climate warming on ecosystems in the Arctic. C1 Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Bur Land Management, Alaska Fire Serv, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. Bur Land Management, Kotzebue, AK 99752 USA. Natl Pk Serv, Washington, DC 20240 USA. RP Racine, C (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM cracine@crrel.usace.army.mil RI Jandt, Randi/E-9018-2013 NR 23 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 4 U2 31 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 36 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0001:TFAVCA]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 841SG UT WOS:000222951100001 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Sturm, M AF Douglas, TA Sturm, M TI Arctic haze, mercury and the chemical composition of snow across northwestern Alaska SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE arctic; snow chemistry; trace elements; aerosols ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; OZONE DEPLETION; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SOURCE REGIONS; POLAR SUNRISE; AIR; BARROW; TROPOSPHERE AB We sampled three layers of snow at 16 sites along a 1200 km transect from Nome to Barrow across northwestern Alaska. Samples were analyzed for major element concentrations, specific conductance and pH. Samples from five of the sites were analyzed for trace element concentrations. Pb, Cd, SO42- and non-sea salt SO42- concentrations were significantly higher in layers deposited later in the winter than those deposited earlier. This is consistent with the seasonal increase in atmospheric aerosol loading (arctic haze) that develops as the Arctic polar front expands southward in March and April. Haze contaminant concentrations in the snow pack were as high south of the Brooks Range as they were to the north, suggesting the Brooks Range is not an effective orographic barrier to aerosol transport. Computed yearly non-sea salt SO42- oading rates at the 16 sites ranged from 12 to 281 mg/m /yr. Elevated concentrations of Hg, Na and Cl were measured near the Arctic Ocean coast but not near the Bering Sea coast. To explain this pattern we suggest that the "effective distance from the coast," inferred from prevailing wind directions and storm tracks, is critical in governing whether halogen emissions from the ocean are available for photochemical reactions that result in Hg deposition to the snow. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Douglas, TA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM thomas.a.douglas@erdc.usace.army.mil; msturm@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 56 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 38 IS 6 BP 805 EP 820 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.042 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 772RG UT WOS:000188854600002 ER PT J AU Ribera, JE Mozo, BT Murphy, BA AF Ribera, JE Mozo, BT Murphy, BA TI Speech intelligibility with helicopter noise: Tests of three helmet-mounted communication systems SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE speech intelligibility in noise; aviator helmet; fitness to fly ID HEARING AB Background: Military aviator helmet communications systems are designed to enhance speech intelligibility (SI) in background noise and reduce exposure to harmful levels of noise. Some aviators, over the course of their aviation career, develop noise-induced hearing loss that may affect their ability to perform required tasks. New technology can improve SI in noise for aviators with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss. Methods: SI in noise scores were obtained from 40 rotary-wing aviators (20 with normal hearing and 20 with hearing-loss waivers). There were three communications systems evaluated: a standard SPH-4B, an SPH-4B aviator helmet modified with communications earplug (CEP), and an SPH-4B modified with active noise reduction (ANR). Results: Subjects' SI was better in noise with newer technologies than with the standard issue aviator helmet. A significant number of aviators on waivers for hearing loss performed within the range of their normal hearing counterparts when wearing the newer technology. The rank order of perceived speech clarity was 1) CEP, 2) ANR, and 3) unmodified SPH-4B. Conclusions: To insure optimum SI in noise for rotary-wing aviators, consideration should be given to retrofitting existing aviator helmets with new technology, and incorporating such advances in communication systems of the future. Review of standards for determining fitness to fly is needed. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders & Deaf Educ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Ribera, JE (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders & Deaf Educ, 1000 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jribera@cc.usu.edu NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP 132 EP 137 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 766PD UT WOS:000188384000006 PM 14960048 ER PT J AU Pinder, M Reece, WHH Plebanski, M Akinwunmi, P Flanagan, KL Lee, EAM Doherty, T Milligan, P Jaye, A Tornieporth, N Ballou, R Mcadam, KPMJ Cohen, J Hill, AVS AF Pinder, M Reece, WHH Plebanski, M Akinwunmi, P Flanagan, KL Lee, EAM Doherty, T Milligan, P Jaye, A Tornieporth, N Ballou, R Mcadam, KPMJ Cohen, J Hill, AVS TI Cellular immunity induced by the recombinant Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS02, in semi-immune adults in The Gambia SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell-mediated immunity; circumsporozoite; ELISPOT; Plasmodium falciparum; vaccine ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; EFFICACY; RESPONSES; IMMUNOGENICITY; RTS,S/SBAS2; RECOGNITION; INFECTION; EPITOPES; SAFETY; TRIAL AB Vaccination of malaria-naive humans with recombinant RTS,S/AS02, which includes the C-terminus of the circumsporozoite protein (CS), has been shown to induce strong T cell responses to both the whole protein antigen and to peptides from CS. Here we show that strong T cell responses were also observed in a semi-immune population in The Gambia, West Africa. In a Phase I study, 20 adult male volunteers, lifelong residents in a malaria-endemic region, were given three doses of RTS,S/AS02 at 0, 1 and 6 months. Responses to RTS,S, hepatitis B surface antigen and peptides from CS were tested using lymphocyte proliferation, interferon (IFN)-gamma production in microcultures, and IFN-gamma ex vivo and cultured ELISPOT, before and after vaccination. Cytotoxic responses were tested only after vaccination and none were detected. Before vaccination, the majority of the volunteers (15/20) had detectable responses in at least one of the tests. After vaccination, responses increased in all assays except cytotoxicity. The increase was most marked for proliferation; all donors responded to RTS,S after the third dose and all except one donor responded to at least one peptide after the second or third dose. There was a lack of close association of peptide responses detected by the different assays, although in microcultures IFN-gamma responses were found only when proliferative responses were high, and responses by cultured ELISPOT and proliferation were found together more frequently after vaccination. We have therefore identified several peptide-specific T cell responses induced by RTS,S/AS02 which provides a mechanism to investigate potentially protective immune responses in the field. C1 MRC Labs, Banjul, Gambia. Glaxo SmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. John Radcliffe Hosp, Inst Mol Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Austin Res Inst, Vaccine Dev & Infect Dis Unit, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Pinder, M (reprint author), MRC Labs, POB 273, Banjul, Gambia. EM mpinder@mrc.gm RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Milligan, Paul/D-8985-2017 OI Milligan, Paul/0000-0003-3430-3395 NR 21 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 135 IS 2 BP 286 EP 293 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02371.x PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 766EK UT WOS:000188353600016 PM 14738458 ER PT J AU Faix, DJ Houng, HSH Gaydos, JC Liu, SKS Connors, JT Brown, X Asher, LV Vaughn, DW Binn, LN AF Faix, DJ Houng, HSH Gaydos, JC Liu, SKS Connors, JT Brown, X Asher, LV Vaughn, DW Binn, LN TI Evaluation of a rapid quantitative diagnostic test for adenovirus type 4 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-College-of-Preventive-Medicine Conference CY MAY 20-24, 2002 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Coll Prevent Med ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; MILITARY TRAINEES; INFECTION; RECRUITS; PCR; PNEUMONIA; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; VACCINES; CULTURE AB Acute respiratory disease (ARD) due to adenoviruses is a reemerging disease in military recruits. It is a challenge for clinicians to accurately diagnose this disease and to appropriately treat affected individuals. This study investigated the utility of a quantitative, rapid-cycle, real-time fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for detecting adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) in a clinical setting. Throat swab specimens and clinical data were collected from US Army basic trainees hospitalized with ARD at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. A total of 140 throat swab specimens were collected from 83 subjects. Rapid PCR results (obtained in <2 h) had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%, compared with viral culture. There was no difference, qualitative or quantitative, between frozen and fresh samples for PCR detection of Ad4. Individuals with test results positive for Ad4 were hospitalized longer than were individuals with negative test results. Higher virus loads at hospital admission corresponded to longer lengths of stay for Ad4-positive subjects. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Moncrief Army Community Hosp, Ft Jackson, SC USA. RP Binn, LN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM leonard.binn@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 391 EP 397 DI 10.1086/380972 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 764LD UT WOS:000188207600012 PM 14727210 ER PT J AU Cummings, JF Polhemus, ME Hawkes, C Klote, M Ludwig, GV Wortmann, G AF Cummings, JF Polhemus, ME Hawkes, C Klote, M Ludwig, GV Wortmann, G TI Lack of vaccinia viremia after smallpox vaccination SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material AB Although the transmission of certain viral infections ( human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and West Nile virus) through donated blood products is well described, the risk of transmitting vaccinia virus after smallpox vaccination is unknown. Blood samples from patients receiving the smallpox vaccine were obtained before vaccination; then from one-half of the study group on alternate days for each of the first 10 days after vaccination; then from all patients on days 14 and 21 after vaccination. Samples were analyzed by culture, polymerase chain reaction, and antigen detection ( electrochemiluminescence) assay for the presence of vaccinia virus. Two hundred and twenty samples from 28 volunteers were processed by all 3 laboratory detection methods and all were negative for the presence of vaccinia virus ( confidence interval, 0% - 12.3%). Viremia with vaccinia virus after smallpox vaccination appears to be an uncommon occurrence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Allergy Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD USA. RP Cummings, JF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Ward 63,ID Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM James.Cummings@na.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 456 EP 458 DI 10.1086/381101 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 764LD UT WOS:000188207600026 PM 14727224 ER PT J AU Biega, TL Mallari, PM Kim, SY AF Biega, TL Mallari, PM Kim, SY TI An unusual case of juxtacortical osteosarcoma presenting on Tc-99m MDP bone scan with central photopenia SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE heterotopic ossification; bone scan; osteosarcoma ID MYOSITIS-OSSIFICANS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. RP Biega, TL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd,Tripler AMC, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. EM Tamara.Biega@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 112 EP 114 DI 10.1097/01.rlu.0000110749.57082.52 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 766CW UT WOS:000188328700010 PM 14734911 ER PT J AU Coster, TS Szarfman, A AF Coster, TS Szarfman, A TI Data mining analysis of psychosis with mefloquine and other antimalarial drugs. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics CY MAR 24-27, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol Therapeut C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP P77 EP P77 DI 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.290 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 774MA UT WOS:000188982200285 ER PT J AU Riel, MA Gordon, RK Haigh, JR Garcia, GE Clark, CR Lenz, DE Clawson, RE Brueckner, RP AF Riel, MA Gordon, RK Haigh, JR Garcia, GE Clark, CR Lenz, DE Clawson, RE Brueckner, RP TI The effect of oral pyridostigmine bromide on the recovery of whole blood cholinesterase activity following ex vivo exposure to soman. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics CY MAR 24-27, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol Therapeut C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP P87 EP P87 DI 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.332 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 774MA UT WOS:000188982200325 ER PT J AU Teja-Isavadharm, P Barker, TL Gettayacamin, M Miller, RS Ohrt, CK AF Teja-Isavadharm, P Barker, TL Gettayacamin, M Miller, RS Ohrt, CK TI Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous methylene blue in healthy rhesus monkeys. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics CY MAR 24-27, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol Therapeut C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP P64 EP P64 DI 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.243 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 774MA UT WOS:000188982200238 ER PT J AU Ngo, ND Tamma, KK AF Ngo, ND Tamma, KK TI An integrated comprehensive approach to the modeling of resin transfer molded composite manufactured net-shaped parts SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL THERMAL-STRESSES; TRANSFER MOLDING PROCESS; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; PREPLACED FIBER MATS; FIBROUS POROUS-MEDIA; PROCESS MODELING/ANALYSIS; FILLING SIMULATIONS; CURING STRESSES; MOVING FRONTS; COOL-DOWN AB In the process modeling and manufacturing of large geometrically complex structural net-shaped components comprising of fiber-reinforced composite materials by Resin Transfer Molding (RTM), a polymer resin is injected into a mold cavity filled with porous fibrous preforms. The overall success of the manufacturing process depends on the complete impregnation of the fiber preform by the polymer resin, prevention of polymer gelation during filling, and subsequent avoidance of dry spots. Since the RTM process involves the injection of a cold resin into a heated mold, the associated physics encompasses a moving boundary value problem in conjunction with the multi-disciplinary study of flow/thermal/cure and the subsequent prediction of induced residual stresses inside the mold cavity. Although experimental validations are indispensable, routine manufacture of large complex structural configurations can only be enhanced via effective computational simulations; thus, eliminating costly trial runs and helping designers in the set-up of the manufacturing process. Unlike past efforts [Ngo and Tamma (2000)], this paper describes an in-depth study of the mathematical and computational developments towards the formulation of a fully integrated and comprehensive approach to the modeling of composite manufactured net-shaped parts. The proposed integrated methodology is well suited for applications to practical engineering structural components encountered in the manufacture of complex RTM type composites, and encompasses the following distinguishing features: (i) an implicit pure finite element computational methodology to handle the physics of the moving resin fluid fronts and to overcome the deficiencies of traditional explicit type methods while permitting standard mesh generators to be employed in a straightforward manner, (ii) a multi-scale methodology for predicting the effective constitutive thermophysical properties in the sense of homogenization as related to the permeability tensor for both the virgin and manufactured states, the conductivity tensor, and the elasticity tensor for subsequent use in the integrated flow-thermal/cure-stress formulations, (iii) computational methodology for isothermal/non-isothermal considerations, and (iv) preliminary investigations towards the prediction of induced residual stresses in the manufacturing process during post-cure cool down. Overall, the emphasis is placed on mathematical and computational framework leading to applicability for practical situations. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. United Def, LP Armament Syst Div, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. RP Ngo, ND (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 111 Church Str SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM ktamma@tc.umn.edu NR 71 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI ENCINO PA 4924 BALBOA BLVD, # 488, ENCINO, CA 91316 USA SN 1526-1492 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 5 IS 2 BP 103 EP 133 PG 31 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 768VY UT WOS:000188591800002 ER PT J AU Fang, SF Gertner, GZ Anderson, AA AF Fang, SF Gertner, GZ Anderson, AA TI Estimation of sensitivity coefficients of nonlinear model input parameters which have a multinormal distribution SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE correlation; multi-expression; multinormal distribution; sensitivity analysis; sequential random sampling; Taylor series ID UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS AB This paper considers the estimation of sensitivity coefficients based on sequential random sampling when the input parameters of a nonlinear model are correlated and have a multinormal distribution. Due to the difficulties in generating sequential random samples for correlated model inputs and the properties of response surface models, sampling-based (simulation- and experiment-based) methods could not be used to estimate sensitivity coefficients of correlated model inputs. For this reason, an algorithm based on multi-expressions of multinormal distribution has been developed and used to generate sequential random samples for estimation of sensitivity coefficients. The multi-expression approach has very high accuracy in generating multinormal random samples. The estimated sensitivity coefficients based on sequential random samples changed when sample size changed. Most estimates converged with a sample size of 5000. Model structure mainly determined the speed of convergence. Both correlation among input parameters and model structure influenced the estimates of sensitivity coefficients. The sensitivity coefficients were compared to global partial derivatives that were computed using numerical integration. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Stat, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Gertner, GZ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Stat, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 157 IS 1 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00488-0 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 775LA UT WOS:000189040800002 ER PT J AU Chen, CM Kikuchi, N Rostam-Abadi, F AF Chen, CM Kikuchi, N Rostam-Abadi, F TI An enhanced asymptotic homogenization method of the static and dynamics of elastic composite laminates SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE homogenization theory; composite materials ID SHEAR DEFORMATION-THEORY; RECTANGULAR-PLATES; VIBRATION AB The homogenization method has been used often in analyzing the composite materials but has had limited use with the laminated structures. This is due to a limitation of the homogenization theory, which assumes the unit cell should be periodically represented in any specific area. The main attraction of the homogenization method is its systematic capability to develop the homogenized macroscopic constitutive relation of composite materials and to compute the stresses in the microstructure of composites. In other words, both the macro- and micromechanics can be treated in the same context. In this paper, we will develop an enhanced asymptotic homogenization method (EHM); this method is developed from the partial asymptotic expansion and the condensed third-order shear deformation theory. This theory uses the reduced matrix method to consolidate all the stiffness matrices into four stiffness matrices (the extension; coupling; bending and transverse shear stiffness matrices) in the same manner as with the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Two FORTRAN programs PRELAM and POSTLAM [Int. J. Comput. Struct. 76 (2000) 319; An enhanced asymptotic homogenization method of elastic composite laminates, Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Michigan, 1999] were also developed from the finite element implementation of the enhanced homogenization method. The pre-processor, PRELAM, reads the unit cell model and generates the homogeneous material stiffness matrix for a laminated structure. The post-processor, POSTLAM, calculates the local stress distribution based on the strains and curvatures obtained from the global structure analysis generated by the commercial finite element software, i.e., ABAQUS or MSC/NASTRAN. By the nature of homogenization method, these computational methods are capable of handling geometrically complicated microstructures and predicting the microscopic stress distributions. Since, the number of unknown variables for EHM and FSDT are the same, this implies that the results from EHM is easily utilized by ABAQUS in the global analysis. Therefore, one of the main benefits to EHM is that it is readily applied in commercial FEM packages, but not that it is as accurate as other methods. Numerical examples are also presented to validate these two programs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Tardec Tacom, AMSTA TR R, Survivabil Res Area, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rostam-Abadi, F (reprint author), USA, Tardec Tacom, AMSTA TR R, Survivabil Res Area, MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM rostamf@tacom.army.mil NR 25 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 82 IS 4-5 BP 373 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.compstruc.2003.10.021 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 777QE UT WOS:000189188400004 ER PT J AU Winter, PM Abramson, NS Bircher, NG Braslow, A Calcagni, DE Detre, T Gunn, SWA Grande, CM Mauritz, W Hickey, R Holzner, B Jude, JR Kofke, WA Katz, L Litwiller, RW McGoldrick, KE Montgomery, WH Moroz, V Radovsky, A Newman, M Nozari, A Read, RC Rubertsson, S Smith, J Severinghaus, J Snyder, JV Spizzirri, C Stoy, W Tisherman, SA Williams, JP Yealy, DM Yaffe, L Traystman, RJ AF Winter, PM Abramson, NS Bircher, NG Braslow, A Calcagni, DE Detre, T Gunn, SWA Grande, CM Mauritz, W Hickey, R Holzner, B Jude, JR Kofke, WA Katz, L Litwiller, RW McGoldrick, KE Montgomery, WH Moroz, V Radovsky, A Newman, M Nozari, A Read, RC Rubertsson, S Smith, J Severinghaus, J Snyder, JV Spizzirri, C Stoy, W Tisherman, SA Williams, JP Yealy, DM Yaffe, L Traystman, RJ TI Quotes from colleagues and friends in celebration of the incredible life of Peter J. Salar, MD SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. USA, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Int Programs, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Lorenz Bohler Trauma Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Vienna, Austria. Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Pediat Emergency Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Straub Clin & Hosp, Honolulu, HI USA. Inst Gen Reanimatol, Moscow, Russia. WIL Res Labs, Ashland, OH USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Natl Ctr Early Defibrillat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Surg Sci Anesthesiol & Intens Care, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Save A Life Fdn, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. RP Winter, PM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 SU S BP S13 EP S40 PG 28 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 775TP UT WOS:000189077000006 ER PT J AU Kirk, JA Wise, WR Delfino, JJ AF Kirk, JA Wise, WR Delfino, JJ TI Water budget and cost-effectiveness analysis of wetland restoration alternatives: a case study of Levy Prairie, Alachua County, Florida SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE wetlands restoration; hydroperiod; airborne laser swath mapping; water budget AB A method was developed to utilize an airborne laser swath mapping-produced digital elevation model to evaluate and compare several restoration alternatives for the 660 ha Levy Prairie in north-central Florida. Detailed water budget analysis and a histogram of the elevation data points coupled with a level-pool assumption over the prairie basin allowed for determination of the hydroperiod on an areal basis. This analysis method facilitated comparison of restoration alternatives in terms of the restoration project objective to create permanently inundated conditions at water depths 0.15-0.61 m (for waterfowl) over greater than 50% of the prairie area within the first 5 years after construction. Construction costs were estimated and compared for each of the alternatives that attained the restoration objective, with the least cost project identified as the recommended alternative. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA 70160 USA. RP Wise, WR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Box 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM bwise@ufl.edu NR 52 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 1 BP 43 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.01.005 PG 18 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 831YT UT WOS:000222233500004 ER PT J AU Hensley, LE Fritz, EA Jahrling, PB Karp, CL Huggins, JW Geisbert, TW AF Hensley, LE Fritz, EA Jahrling, PB Karp, CL Huggins, JW Geisbert, TW TI Interferon-beta 1a and SARS coronavirus replication SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; RECEPTOR AB A global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a novel coronavirus began in March 2003. The rapid emergence of SARS and the substantial illness and death it caused have made it a critical public health issue. Because no effective treatments are available, an intensive effort is under way to identify and test promising antiviral drugs. Here, we report that recombinant human interferon -beta la potently inhibits SARS coronavirus replication in vitro. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIZ, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Jahrling, PB (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIZ, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM peter.jahrling@us.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R21 AI053539] NR 10 TC 53 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2004 VL 10 IS 2 BP 317 EP 319 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772XH UT WOS:000188867700029 PM 15030704 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Frangopol, DM Foltz, SD AF Estes, AC Frangopol, DM Foltz, SD TI Updating reliability of steel miter gates on locks and dams using visual inspection results SO ENGINEERING STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE condition states; limit states; miter gates; locks; deterioration models; structural reliability; inspection; corrosion; fatigue cracks; bayesian updating AB As both reliability analyses and systematic inspection programs for the world's infrastructure gain increased usage and prominence, it becomes more important to use the information from routine visual inspections to update lifetime reliability assessments and resulting life-cycle inspection/ repair strategies. The Army Corps of Engineers currently uses reliability analyses to economically justify the major rehabilitation of navigation structures. This paper illustrates how the Condition Index visual inspections for locks and dams can be modified and used to update the reliability analysis of a steel miter gate. The miter gates on two existing locks and dams along the Mississippi River are used as examples for corrosion and fatigue deterioration. The approach used is applicable to any structure where the inspection condition states are quantitative and a model exists to relate visual inspection results to the actual deterioration state of the structure. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Construct Engn Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM ia2804@exmail.usma.edu NR 26 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-0296 J9 ENG STRUCT JI Eng. Struct. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 26 IS 3 BP 319 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.10.007 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 772AC UT WOS:000188817300003 ER PT J AU Mitasova, H Drake, TG Bernstein, D Harmon, RS AF Mitasova, H Drake, TG Bernstein, D Harmon, RS TI Quantifying rapid changes in coastal topography using modern mapping techniques and Geographic Information System SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beach erosion; digital elevation model; light detection and ranging (Lidar); kinematic Global Positioning System (GPS); sand dune; topographic analysis ID REGULARIZED SPLINE; BEACH CHANGES; LIDAR; INTERPOLATION; TENSION AB Innovative methodology based on a combination of real-time kinematic Global Positioning System (RTKGPS), light detection and ranging (lidar), and open-source Geographic Information System (GIS) was developed to gain a better understanding of rapid changes in coastal topography. Improved spatial interpolation techniques were implemented to produce detailed topographic surfaces from lidar and RTK-GPS data. The methodology is demonstrated for two North Carolina areas: Jockey's Ridge State Park and Bald Head Island. The Jockey's Ridge study quantifies recent dune movement and identifies areas of elevation loss and rapid horizontal migration that threaten existing infrastructure. The Bald Head Island study examines pre- and post-nourishment beach evolution. The dynamics of beach topography, its geometric properties, and estimates of both eroded and deposited sand volumes were determined by combining lidar elevation data (1997-2000) with quarterly RTK-GPS measurements. Spatio-temporal analysis confirms the relative stability of the central 'pivot point' beach section and reveals that the beach changed its shape from convex west of the pivot point to concave east of the pivot point during the period of 1997 to 1998 and reversed shapes during year 2000. The pivot point also divides the beach into two sections that exhibit markedly different responses to nourishment. Although the entire length of nourished beach retreated, the analysis reveals that in the western section, all nourished sand off-shore was lost, whereas in the eastern section, significant sand volume was pushed up onto the beach, creating potential for recovery. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Coastal Carolina Univ, Ctr Marine & Wetland Studies, Minneapolis, SC 29526 USA. USA, Res Lab, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mitasova, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. OI Mitasova, Helena/0000-0002-6906-3398 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.2113/10.1.1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 909OR UT WOS:000227869700001 ER PT J AU Dunlap, PV Jiemjit, A Ast, JC Pearce, MM Marques, RR Lavilla-Pitogo, CR AF Dunlap, PV Jiemjit, A Ast, JC Pearce, MM Marques, RR Lavilla-Pitogo, CR TI Genomic polymorphism in symbiotic populations of Photobacterium leiognathi SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; LUMINOUS BACTERIA; LIGHT ORGAN; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GAS BLADDER; PONY FISH; VIBRIO; PERCIFORMES; STRAINS; MARINE AB Photobacterium leiognathi forms a bioluminescent symbiosis with leiognathid fishes, colonizing the internal light organ of the fish and providing its host with light used in bioluminescence displays. Strains symbiotic with different species of the fish exhibit substantial phenotypic differences in symbiosis and in culture, including differences in 2-D PAGE protein patterns and profiles of indigenous plasmids. To determine if such differences might reflect a genetically based symbiont-strain/host-species specificity, we profiled the genomes of P. leiognathi strains from leiognathid fishes using PFGE. Individual strains from 10 species of leiognathid fishes exhibited substantial genomic polymorphism, with no obvious similarity among strains; these strains were nonetheless identified as P. leiognathi by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Profiling of multiple strains from individual host specimens revealed an oligoclonal structure to the symbiont populations; typically one or two genomotypes dominated each population. However, analysis of multiple strains from multiple specimens of the same host species, to determine if the same strain types consistently colonize a host species, demonstrated substantial heterogeneity, with the same genomotype only rarely observed among the symbiont populations of different specimens of the same host species. Colonization of the leiognathid light organ to initiate the symbiosis therefore is likely to be oliogoclonal, and specificity of the P. leiognathi/leiognathid fish symbiosis apparently is maintained at the bacterial species level rather than at the level of individual, genomotypically defined strain types. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. SE Asian Fisheries Dev Ctr, Dept Aquaculture, Iloilo 5021, Philippines. RP Dunlap, PV (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM pvdunlap@umich.edu NR 62 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 6 IS 2 BP 145 EP 158 DI 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00548.x PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 770KF UT WOS:000188721200005 PM 14756879 ER PT J AU Farley, J Uyehara, C Hashiro, G Belnap, C Birrer, M Salminen, E AF Farley, J Uyehara, C Hashiro, G Belnap, C Birrer, M Salminen, E TI Cyclooxygenase-2 expression predicts recurrence of cervical dysplasia following loop electrosurgical excision procedure SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclooxygenase-2; LEEP; cervical dysplasia ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; LYMPH-NODE METASTASIS; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; P27(KIP1) EXPRESSION; TRANSFORMATION ZONE; KINASE INHIBITOR; NATURAL-HISTORY AB Objective. To evaluate the expression of Cox-2 protein by immunohistochemistry in cervical dysplasias, and to determine any relationship to clinical factors such as degree or recurrence of dysplasia. Methods. Immunohistochemical expression of p27 and Cox-2 was initially examined in 62 cervical LEEP specimens, which spanned the histologic spectrum from benign to severe dysplasia. Histology and cytology from colposcopic follow-up exams were reviewed for I year after LEEP procedure. Primary outcome variable was recurrent dysplasia, either cytologic or histologic. Statistical analysis utilizing chi-square test for trend and Fisher's Exact tests were performed to determine relative risk of recurrent dysplasia. Results. A total of 62 LEEP specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). This included 18 mild, 19 moderate, and 25 severely dysplastic LEEP specimens. The percentage of tumor cells in each specimen that stained for p27 protein or Cox-2 enzyme was documented. A specimen was considered positive for p27 or Cox-2 if 50% or more of the cells in a specimen were stained: 94% of mild, 89% of moderate, and 44% of severe dysplasias stained positive for p27; 50% of mild, 42% of moderate, and 68% of severe dysplasia specimens stained positive for Cox-2. The average intensity of Cox-2 staining increased with severity of dysplasia-1.6 for mild, 1.8 for moderate, and 2.1 for severe dysplasia. There was a significant increase in both Cox-2 and p27 staining when severely dysplastic specimens were compared to mild and moderate dysplasia (P < 0.001). Of the 35 specimens that stained positive for Cox-2 protein, 59% of these specimens had positive Cox-2 staining that extended to the margins of the LEEP resection specimen. The average length of Cox-2 protein staining beyond the histologic dysplasia was 1.64 min. Positive margin status for Cox-2 was a significant independent risk factor for persistent and recurrent dysplasia, RR 1.68 95% CI (1.07 < RR < 2.65), P < 0.027. Conclusion. Cox-2 and p27 protein expression could be involved in squamous cervical cancer carcinogenesis. Cox-2 staining is often found outside the dysplastic lesion and this factor is associated with an increased risk of persistent and recurrent dysplasia following LEEP procedure. Should the histologic margin of LEEP resection approach 2.0 mm, follow-up algorithms for these patients should include intensive surveillance to ensure adequate treatment of disease. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NCI, Cell & Canc Biol Dept, Med Branch, Div Clin Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Farley, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.farley@amedd.army.mil NR 47 TC 20 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 92 IS 2 BP 596 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2003.10.052 PG 7 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 779DX UT WOS:000189281100014 PM 14766253 ER PT J AU Loh, Y Labutta, RJ Urban, ES AF Loh, Y Labutta, RJ Urban, ES TI Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and postlumbar puncture headache SO HEADACHE LA English DT Article DE headache; pseudotumor cerebri; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; papilledema; low CSF pressure headache; postlumbar puncture headache; pachymeningeal enhancement AB Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and low cerebrospinal pressure are 2 conditions that are thought to be on opposite ends of the cerebrospinal pressure spectrum. Headache is the prominent component of both conditions. We describe a patient whose evaluation for idiopathic intracranial hypertension resulted in a postlumbar puncture headache. Although not entirely intuitive, we suggest that the 2 conditions can be present in the same patient. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Loh, Y (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0017-8748 J9 HEADACHE JI Headache PD FEB PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 170 EP 173 DI 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2004.04035.x PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 775ER UT WOS:000189028200010 PM 14756857 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Nelson, DA Blick, DW Mason, PA AF Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Nelson, DA Blick, DW Mason, PA TI Effects of blood flow on skin heating induced by millimeter wave irradiation in humans SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic fields; radiation; nonionizing; radiofrequency; blood ID CUTANEOUS VASODILATION; STRESS; MODEL; STATE AB We have previously reported species differences in the rate of skin heating in response to millimeter wavelength microwave exposure. We hypothesized that these differences were predominantly a function of species differences in the ability to increase skin blood flow during local heating. Mathematical modeling also suggested that, in humans, the rate of skin heating during prolonged millimeter wavelength exposure would be dependent on skin blood flow. In order to empirically test this hypothesis, we determined the role of baseline skin blood flow on the rate of cutaneous heating induced by 94-GHz microwave energy in humans (3 female, 3 male) using infrared thermography and laser Doppler imaging to measure skin temperature and relative skin blood flow, respectively. Millimeter wavelength exposure intensities used were high power (HP), 1 W(.)cm(-1) for 4 s and low power, 175 mW cm(-1) for 180 s. Skin blood flow was (a) normal, (b) eliminated using a blood pressure cuff to occlude forearm blood flow, or (c) elevated by heating the skin prior to irradiation. Results showed that for the HP exposures, these manipulations did not influence the rate of skin heating. For the low power exposures, occlusion of baseline skin blood flow had a small impact on the subsequent rate of heating. In contrast, a two-fold elevation in baseline skin blood flow had a profound impact on the subsequent rate of heating, resulting in a substantially lower rate of heating. Occlusion of an elevated skin blood flow reversed this lower rate of heating. The results of these studies demonstrate that relatively small changes in skin blood flow may produce substantial alterations in the rate of skin heating during prolonged 94-GHz exposure. C1 USAF, AFRL, HEDR, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Veridian Engn, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Mason, PA (reprint author), USAF, AFRL, HEDR, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, 8262 Hawks Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM patrick.mason@brooks.af.mil NR 17 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 86 IS 2 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1097/00004032-200402000-00001 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 766BV UT WOS:000188326300001 PM 14744044 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH AF Sjogren, MH TI The clinical profile of acute hepatitis A infection: Is it really so severe? Reply SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ADOLESCENTS; ADULTS; COST C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sjogren, MH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD FEB PY 2004 VL 39 IS 2 BP 572 EP 573 DI 10.1002/hep.20116 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 805OM UT WOS:000220375600042 ER PT J AU Ahmad, FH Castellane, RM Durst, BP AF Ahmad, FH Castellane, RM Durst, BP TI Discrete phase reconstruction technique for two-dimensional interferograms SO IEE PROCEEDINGS-OPTOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID UNWRAPPING ALGORITHM; LEAST-SQUARES; DECOMPOSITION; CUT AB A discrete technique for the reconstruction of the phase of a carrier frequency interferogram is presented. In this technique the interferogram is used to generate two functions that are utilised to form partial differential equations. Interpolating polynomials of degree N are used to approximate the unknowns in these equations using Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto collocation points and sets of algebraic equations are developed. These algebraic equations are solved and the phase of the interferogram is reconstructed. An example is included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique where a comparison is made with exact results. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Engn Technol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Army, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ahmad, FH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Engn Technol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1350-2433 J9 IEE P-OPTOELECTRON JI IEE Proc.-Optoelectron. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 151 IS 1 BP 6 EP 11 DI 10.1049/ip-opt:20040215 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 777UK UT WOS:000189196500002 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Leung, KM Tamir, T Monroy, C AF Choi, KK Leung, KM Tamir, T Monroy, C TI Light coupling characteristics of corrugated quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE diffraction; electromagnetic modelling; focal plane array (FPA); infrared detector ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAY; PERFORMANCE AB Corrugated quantum-well infrared photodetectors (C-QWIPs) offer simple detector architectures for large-format infrared focal plane arrays (FPAs). The detector relies on inclined sidewalls. to couple normal incident light into the absorbing material. Based on a simplified geometrical-optics (GO) model, this light coupling scheme is expected to be effective with little wavelength dependence. In this work, we apply the modal transmission-line (MTL) modeling technique to study in detail its light coupling characteristics and compare the results with the GO model and experimental data. We find that the results of the GO model agree reasonably well with those of the rigorous MTL model for corrugations with metal cover, and both modeling procedures are consistent with experimental data. In particular, both models predict similar increase in the quantum efficiency eta with the size of the corrugations, and both indicate similar limiting eta when the corrugation becomes very large. For linear corrugations with thick substrates, the maximum eta is about 30%. On the other hand, there are also significant differences between the two models when the effects of phase coherence are important. Since the phase of the radiation is taken into account in the MTL formalism but not in the GO formalism, the MTL model is more generally applicable and is more capable of explaining different detector characteristics. For example, it predicts a smaller eta for air or epoxy-covered C-QWIPs because of finite optical transmission through the sharp corners in the corrugations, and it indicates an oscillatory function of eta because of the existence of optical fringes. It also reveals the wavelength dependence of the coupling, which becomes more pronounced as the thickness of the substrate layer is reduced. C1 USA, Res Lab, Elect Opt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Informat & Comp Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Elect Opt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kchoi@arl.army.mil NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 40 IS 2 BP 130 EP 142 DI 10.1109/JQE.2003.821531 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 769AW UT WOS:000188605100006 ER PT J AU Ohas, EA Adams, JH Waitumbi, JN Orago, ASS Barbosa, A Lanar, DE Stoute, JA AF Ohas, EA Adams, JH Waitumbi, JN Orago, ASS Barbosa, A Lanar, DE Stoute, JA TI Measurement of antibody levels against region II of the erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 of Plasmodium falciparum in an area of malaria holoendemicity in Western Kenya SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INVASION PATHWAYS; GLYCOPHORIN-A; EBA-175; PARASITES; RECEPTOR; DOMAIN; ACID; MEROZOITES; MONOCYTES; GROWTH AB Region II of the 175-kDa erythrocyte-binding antigen (EBA-175RII) of Plasmodium falciparum is functionally important in sialic acid-dependent erythrocyte invasion and is considered a prime target for an invasion-blocking vaccine. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the prevalence of anti-EBA-175RII antibodies in a naturally exposed population, (ii) determine whether naturally acquired antibodies have a functional role by inhibiting binding of EBA-175RII to erythrocytes, and (iii) determine whether antibodies against EBA-175RII correlate with immunity to clinical malaria. We treated 301 lifelong residents of an area of malaria holoendemicity in western Kenya for malaria, monitored them during a high-transmission season, and identified 33 individuals who were asymptomatic despite parasitemia (clinically immune). We also identified 50 clinically susceptible individuals to serve as controls. These 83 individuals were treated and monitored again during the subsequent low-transmission season. Anti-EBA-175RII antibodies were present in 98.7% of the individuals studied. The antibody levels were relatively stable between the beginning and end of the high-transmission season and correlated with the plasma EBA-175RII erythrocyte-binding-inhibitory activity. There was no difference in anti-EBA-175RII levels or plasma EBA-175RII erythrocyte-binding-inhibitory activity between clinically immune and clinically susceptible groups. However, these parameters were higher in nonparasitemic than in parasitemic individuals at enrollment. These results suggest that although antibodies against EBA-175RII may be effective in suppressing some of the wild parasite strains, EBA-175RII is unlikely to be effective as a monovalent vaccine against malaria, perhaps due to allelic heterogeneity and/or presence of sialic acid-independent strains. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. USA, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenyatta Univ, Dept Zool, Nairobi, Kenya. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jose.stoute@us.army.mil RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; Adams, John/G-1800-2015; OI Adams, John/0000-0003-3707-7979; Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI033656, R01 AI033656-10] NR 25 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 2 BP 735 EP 741 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.2.735-741.2004 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 771BV UT WOS:000188766400015 PM 14742515 ER PT J AU Katz, DE Coster, TS Wolf, MK Trespalacios, FC Cohen, D Robins, G Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM Taylor, DN Hale, TL AF Katz, DE Coster, TS Wolf, MK Trespalacios, FC Cohen, D Robins, G Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM Taylor, DN Hale, TL TI Two studies evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a live, attenuated Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine (SC602) and excretion of vaccine organisms in North American volunteers SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SONNEI VACCINE; EXPERIENCE; CANDIDATE; MUTANT; HUMANS; ADULTS; ACTIN; TRIAL; ICSA; VIRG AB We report the first community-based evaluation of Shigella-flexneri 2a strain SC602, a live, oral vaccine strain attenuated by deletion of the icsA (virG) plasmid virulence gene, given at 10(4) CFU. The primary objectives of this trial were to determine the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine and to determine the duration of colonization. Four of 34 volunteers experienced transient fevers, and three reported diarrhea during the first 3 days of the study. Half of the volunteers mounted a positive serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) response to S. flexneri lipopolysaccharide. All but one of the volunteers excreted the vaccine in their stools for 1 to 33 days, and this excretion was often intermittent. Data from the community-based study were supplemented with an inpatient trial in which three volunteers received 10(3) and nine received 10(4) CFU. All volunteers who received 10(3) CFU excreted SC602 and had an IgA antibody-secreting cell response. Two of these had a serum IgA response. Six of the nine volunteers who received 10(4) CFU excreted SC602. One vaccinee had a transient fever and two met the definition of diarrhea. Six volunteers that received 10(4) CFU had an antibody-secreting cell response, and four had a serum IgA response. SC602 has now been tested at 10(4) CFU in a total of 58 volunteers. The cumulative results of these clinical trials, reported here and previously (Coster et al., Infect. Immun. 67:3437-3443, 1999), have demonstrated that SC602 is a substantially attenuated candidate vaccine that can evoke protection against the most severe symptoms of shigellosis in a stringent human challenge model of disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Israel Def Forces Med Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Hale, TL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Thomas.Hale@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 2 BP 923 EP 930 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.2.923-930.2004 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 771BV UT WOS:000188766400037 PM 14742537 ER PT J AU Urich, RL DeShazer, D AF Urich, RL DeShazer, D TI Type III secretion: a virulence factor delivery system essential for the pathogenicity of Burkholderia mallei SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMALLEI AB By creating mutations in the Burkholderia mallei ATCC 23344 animal pathogen-like type III secretion system (TTSS), this study analyzes the correlation between type III secretion and the pathogenicity of ATCC 23344 in vivo. Mutagenesis demonstrated that a functional TTSS was required for the full pathogenicity of ATCC 23344 in the BALB/c mouse and Syrian hamster models of infection. However, vaccination with each mutant failed to elicit a protective immunity against challenge with wild-type ATCC 23344. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP DeShazer, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM David.DeShazer@AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 2 BP 1150 EP 1154 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.2.1150-1154.2004 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 771BV UT WOS:000188766400064 ER PT J AU Matyas, GR Friedlander, AM Glenn, GM Little, S Yu, JM Alving, CR AF Matyas, GR Friedlander, AM Glenn, GM Little, S Yu, JM Alving, CR TI Needle-free skin patch vaccination method for anthrax SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCUTANEOUS IMMUNIZATION; ADJUVANTS; IMMUNITY AB Three immunizations of mice with recombinant protective antigen (rPA) by transcutaneous immunization (TCI) induced long-term neutralizing antibody titers that were superior to those obtained with aluminum-adsorbed rPA. In addition, rPA alone exhibited adjuvant activity for TCI. Forty-six weeks after completion of TCI, 100% protection was observed against lethal anthrax challenge. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Iomai Corp, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Matyas, GR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gary.matyas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 2 BP 1181 EP 1183 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.2.1181-1183.2004 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 771BV UT WOS:000188766400071 PM 14742571 ER PT J AU Anthony, JS Haley, M Manthei, J Way, R Burnett, D Gaviola, B Sommerville, D Crosier, R Mioduszewski, R Thomson, S Crouse, C Matson, K AF Anthony, JS Haley, M Manthei, J Way, R Burnett, D Gaviola, B Sommerville, D Crosier, R Mioduszewski, R Thomson, S Crouse, C Matson, K TI Inhalation toxicity of cyclosarin (GF) vapor in rats as a function of exposure concentration and duration: Potency comparison to sarin (GB) SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY AB The inhalation toxicity of cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF) was examined in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed by whole body in a dynamic 750-L chamber. The objectives of this study were to (1) generate GF vapor in a dynamic inhalation chamber system, starting in the lethal to near-lethal concentration range, (2) examine dose-response effects of inhaled GF vapor and analyze the relationship between concentration (C) and exposure duration (7) in determining probability of lethality, and (3) establish a lethal potency ratio between GF and the more volatile agent Sarin (GB). Using a syringe pump, GF vapor concentrations were generated for exposure times of 10, 60, and 240 min. Dose-response curves with associated slopes were determined for each exposure duration by the Bliss probit method. GF vapor exposures were associated with sublethal clinical signs such as tremors, convulsions, salivation, and miosis. Concentration-exposure time values for lethality in 50% of the exposed population (LCT50) were calculated for 24-h and 14-day postexposure periods for 10-, 60-, and 240-min exposures. In general, LCT50 values were lower in female rats than males and increased with exposure duration; that is, CT was not constant over time. The GF LCT50 values for female rats were 253 mg min/m(3) at 10 min, 334 mg min/m(3) at 60 min, and 533 mg min/m(3) at 240 min, while the values for males were 371, 396, and 585 mg min/m(3), respectively. The GB LCT50 values for female rats were 235 mg min/m(3) at 10 min, 355 mg min/m(3) at 60 min, and 840 mg min/m(3) at 240 min, while the values for males were 316, 433, and 1296 mg min/m(3), respectively. At longer exposure durations, the LCT50 for GF was less than that found for GB but at shorter exposure durations, the LCT50 for GF was more than that found for GB. Empirical models, consisting of the toxic load model plus higher order terms, were developed and successfully fit to the data. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Toxicol Team, AMSRD,EcB,RT,TT,E3150, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geocenters Inc, Abingdon, MD USA. RP Anthony, JS (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Toxicol Team, AMSRD,EcB,RT,TT,E3150, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM j.steven.anthony@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1080/08958370490270945 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 778UP UT WOS:000189260000005 PM 15204783 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Bullock, SH Canada, S Toney, E Wells, JD Hoedebecke, E Jones, BH AF Knapik, JJ Bullock, SH Canada, S Toney, E Wells, JD Hoedebecke, E Jones, BH TI Influence of an injury reduction program on injury and fitness outcomes among soldiers SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; RUNNING INJURIES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COMMUNITY; EXERCISE; FATIGUE; IMPACT; PEOPLE; RISK; RUN AB Objective: This study evaluated the influence of a multiple injury control intervention on injury and physical fitness outcomes among soldiers attending United States Army Ordnance School Advanced Individual Training. Methods: The study design was quasiexperimental involving a historical control group (n = 2559) that was compared to a multiple intervention group (n = 1283). Interventions in the multiple intervention group included modified physical training, injury education, and a unit based injury surveillance system (UBISS). The management responsible for training independently formed an Injury Control Advisory Committee that examined surveillance reports from the UBISS and recommended changes to training. On arrival at school, individual soldiers completed a demographics and lifestyle questionnaire and took an army physical fitness test (APFT: push-ups, sit-ups, and two mile run). Injuries among soldiers were tracked by a clinic based injury surveillance system that was separate from the UBISS. Soldiers completed a final APFT eight weeks after arrival at school. Results: Cox regression (survival analysis) was used to examine differences in time to the first injury while controlling for group differences in demographics, lifestyle characteristics, and physical fitness. The adjusted relative risk of a time loss injury was 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 1.8) times higher in the historical control men and 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.8) times higher in the historical control women compared with the multiple intervention men and women, respectively. After correcting for the lower initial fitness of the multiple intervention group, there were no significant differences between the multiple intervention and historical control groups in terms of improvements in push-ups, sit-ups, or two mile run performance. Conclusions: This multiple intervention program contributed to a reduction in injuries while improvements in physical fitness were similar to a traditional physical training program previously used at the school. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Greenville, NC USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseph.knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 10 IS 1 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1136/ip.2003.002808 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 778RL UT WOS:000189254500010 PM 14760025 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dyal, K Runser, LA Barfield, RL Hepburn, LM Fraser, SL AF Hepburn, MJ Dyal, K Runser, LA Barfield, RL Hepburn, LM Fraser, SL TI Low serum vitamin B12 levels in an outpatient HIV-infected population SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE vitamin B12; cobalamin; folate; HIV; outpatient; antiretroviral therapy ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; DEFICIENCY; COBALAMIN; FOLATE; AIDS; MALABSORPTION; ZIDOVUDINE; METABOLISM; DISORDERS AB A retrospective review was conducted on serum vitamin B12 levels in an HIV-infected outpatient cohort, many of whom received antiretroviral therapy. B12 levels were obtained at most staging visits (every six months) and when clinically indicated. For each serum B12 level, laboratory values and clinical symptoms were recorded. Thirty-two patients (32/251 or 13%) had at least one low B12 level (<211pg/ mL) during the course of their HIV infection. Within two years of their initial HIV presentation, 6/57 patients had a low serum B12. Using multiple linear regression analysis, a higher serum B12 level was significantly associated with higher folate levels, African-American race, and lower mean corpuscular volume. B12 levels increased significantly after initiating antiretroviral therapy (416 vs 535 pg/mL, P = 0.04). In conclusion, low serum B12 levels occur commonly among HIV-infected patients, even at early stages without overt symptoms of B12 deficiency. Antiretroviral therapy may increase serum B12 levels. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI 4W,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM matthew.hepburn@amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD FEB PY 2004 VL 15 IS 2 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1258/095646204322764334 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 776QE UT WOS:000189127300009 PM 15006076 ER PT J AU Ellis, TS Park, KT Hulbert, SL Ulrich, MD Rowe, JE AF Ellis, TS Park, KT Hulbert, SL Ulrich, MD Rowe, JE TI Influence of substrate temperature on epitaxial copper phthalocyanines studied by photoemission spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON VALENCE BAND; 100 CRYSTAL FACES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACE RECONSTRUCTIONS; THIN-FILMS; INTERFACE; GOLD; AU(001); MONOLAYERS; PLATINUM AB We report the formation of heteroepitaxial copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) overlayers on a "5x20" reconstructed Au(001) substrate, with thicknesses ranging from 0.8 to 26.9 Angstrom. The adsorbed CuPc at room temperature forms a quasiepitaxial overlayer, incommensurate with the substrate lattice, aligned with the <110> and <1 (1) over bar0> axes of the Au(001) surface. At elevated substrate temperatures (ET) between 200 and 250 degreesC, the deposition of CuPc results in a 13.8 Angstrom square overlayer structure commensurate with the substrate lattice. The electronic structures of CuPc overlayers grown at both RT and ET are also investigated. While the films grown at both temperatures generally exhibit lowering of the vacuum level, consistent with the presence of an interfacial dipole, it is the ET-grown CuPc overlayer that exhibits a sharp decrease of the surface vacuum level upon completion of a monolayer. The experimental CuPc valence band energies are compared with the calculated ionization potentials of a CuPc molecule. Using the tunability of the light source and the dependence of the photoionization cross sections on photon energy for various atomic shells, the CuPc molecular orbitals are assigned with either Cu d states or Pc-derived valence orbitals. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Phys, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Park, KT (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Phys, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM kenneth_park@baylor.edu NR 41 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 3 BP 982 EP 988 DI 10.1063/1.1637137 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 765KN UT WOS:000188281800029 ER PT J AU Sardar, DK Russell, CC Yow, RM Gruber, JB Zandi, B Kokanyan, EP AF Sardar, DK Russell, CC Yow, RM Gruber, JB Zandi, B Kokanyan, EP TI Spectroscopic analysis of the Er3+ (4f(11)) absorption intensities in NaBi(WO4)(2) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; YB-GLASS LASER; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; ER3+-DOPED GARNETS; PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; UP-CONVERSION; MU-M; EMISSION AB A spectroscopic analysis is performed on Er3+ (4f(11)) ions doped in NaBi(WO4)(2) (NBWO) in order to assess this material for its potential as a near-infrared laser. The Judd-Ofelt model is applied to the room-temperature absorption intensities of Er3+ (4f(11)) in NBWO to obtain the three phenomenological intensity parameters: Omega(2)=5.50x10(-20) cm(2), Omega(4)=1.00x10(-20) cm(2), and Omega(6)=0.71x10(-20) cm(2). The intensity parameters are then used to determine the radiative decay rates (emission probabilities), radiative lifetimes, and branching ratios for the Er3+ transitions from the excited state multiplet manifolds to the lower lying manifold states. Using the radiative decay rates for the Er3+ (4f(11)) transitions between the corresponding excited states and the lower lying states, the radiative lifetimes of eight excited states of Er3+ are determined in this host. Using the measured room temperature fluorescence lifetime of approximately 4.75 ms and the radiative lifetime of 5.63 ms as predicted by the Judd-Ofelt model for the I-4(13/2)-->I-4(15/2) (1.52 mum) transition of Er3+ in NBWO the quantum efficiency is determined to be approximately 84% for this laser material. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Armenian Natl Acad Sci, Inst Phys Res, Ashtarak 378410, Armenia. RP Univ Texas, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1180 EP 1184 DI 10.1063/1.1637139 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 765KN UT WOS:000188281800055 ER PT J AU Sun, XY Bommena, R Burckel, D Frauenglass, A Fairchild, MN Brueck, SRJ Garrett, GA Wraback, M Hersee, SD AF Sun, XY Bommena, R Burckel, D Frauenglass, A Fairchild, MN Brueck, SRJ Garrett, GA Wraback, M Hersee, SD TI Defect reduction mechanisms in the nanoheteroepitaxy of GaN on SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MISMATCHED SEMICONDUCTOR-MATERIALS; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SUBSTRATE; STRAIN; AREA; DISLOCATIONS; STRESS; RAMAN AB This article describes defect reduction mechanisms that are active during the growth of GaN by nanoheteroepitaxy on (0001) 6H SiC. Nanoheteroepitaxial (NHE) and planar GaN epitaxial films were grown and compared using transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence, x-ray diffraction, and time resolved photoluminescence. It was found that in addition to the previously reported defect reduction mechanism that results from the high compliance of nanoscale nuclei, other independent defect reduction mechanisms are also active during NHE including: (i) filtering of substrate defects, (ii) improved coalescence at the nanoscale, and (iii) defect termination at local free surfaces. Also, it was found that the biaxial strain in the GaN film could be significantly reduced by using a "grouped" NHE pattern geometry. Time resolved photoluminescence measurements on NHE GaN samples with this geometry showed a more than tenfold increase in carrier lifetime compared to GaN grown on planar SiC. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Hersee, SD (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM shersee@chtm.unm.edu RI Brueck, Steven/A-6383-2013; OI Brueck, Steven/0000-0001-8754-5633 NR 25 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1450 EP 1454 DI 10.1063/1.1639952 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 765KN UT WOS:000188281800098 ER PT J AU Motayed, A Jones, KA Derenge, MA Wood, MC Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Smith, DJ Davydov, AV Anderson, WT Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN AF Motayed, A Jones, KA Derenge, MA Wood, MC Zakharov, DN Liliental-Weber, Z Smith, DJ Davydov, AV Anderson, WT Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN TI Electrical, microstructural, and thermal stability characteristics of Ta/Ti/Ni/Au contacts to n-GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER OHMIC CONTACT; ALGAN/GAN; IMPLANTATION; MECHANISM; NITRIDE AB A metallization technique has been developed for obtaining low resistance Ohmic contact to n-GaN. The metallization technique involves the deposition of a metal layer combination Ta/Ti/Ni/Au on an n-GaN epilayer. It is observed that annealing at 750 degreesC for 45 s leads to low contact resistivity. Corresponding to a doping level of 5x10(17) cm(-3), the contact resistivity of the contact rho(S)=5.0x10(-6) Omega cm(2). The physical mechanisms underlying the realization of low contact resistivity is investigated using current-voltage characteristics, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com RI Davydov, Albert/F-7773-2010; Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 OI Davydov, Albert/0000-0003-4512-2311; NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1516 EP 1524 DI 10.1063/1.1633660 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 765KN UT WOS:000188281800109 ER PT J AU Thorne, GD Hilliard, GM Paul, RJ AF Thorne, GD Hilliard, GM Paul, RJ TI Vascular oxygen sensing: detection of novel candidates by proteomics and organ culture SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cycloheximide; coronary arteries; hypoxia ID PORCINE CORONARY-ARTERY; INDUCED CA2+ SENSITIZATION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; INTRACELLULAR CA2+; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; RHO-KINASE; HYPOXIA; ACTIN; INHIBITION AB We have shown that the specific inhibition of hypoxia-induced relaxation by organ culture in porcine coronary arteries can be mimicked by treatment of control vessels with the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. We hypothesize that organ culture of vascular smooth muscle results in the decreased expression of proteins that are critical for vascular oxygen sensing. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectroscopy, we identified such candidate proteins. The expressions of the smooth muscle-specific protein, SM22, and tropomyosin are decreased after 24 h in organ culture. These results were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Other smooth muscle proteins (actin and calponin) exhibited little change. We also demonstrate a 50% downregulation in the small G protein, Rho, a potent modulator of Ca2+-independent force. These results indicate that organ culture preferentially inhibits the expression of certain smooth muscle proteins. This change in protein expression after organ culture correlates with the specific inhibition of hypoxic vasorelaxation. These results provide novel target pathways for investigation that are potentially important for vascular oxygen sensing. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Thorne, GD (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 2 BP 802 EP 808 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00817.2003 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 761EU UT WOS:000187888400054 PM 14715690 ER PT J AU Bracuti, AJ AF Bracuti, AJ TI Crystal structure of 2-nitrimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE energetic molecules; nitramines; oxidizers; propellants ID REFINEMENT AB The crystal and molecular structure of 2-nitrimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (NNHT) was determined. The relationship between the structural features of NNHT and its properties that pertain to its suitability as a potential oxidizer candidate for gun propellants is discussed. The NNHT structural features are also compared with analogous structural features of nitroguanidine (NQ) (Bracuti, A. J. J. Chem. Crystallogr. 1999, 29, 671) the more highly energetic triazine derivative, 1,3,5-trinitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) (Choi, C. S. and Prince, E. Acta. Crystallogr. B 1972, 28, 2857). C1 USA, ARDEC, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Bracuti, AJ (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM abracuti@pica.army.mil RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 34 IS 2 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1023/B:JOCC.0000014700.03335.80 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA 770TF UT WOS:000188746400008 ER PT J AU Kulesh, DA Baker, RO Loveless, BM Norwood, D Zwiers, SH Mucker, E Hartmann, C Herrera, R Miller, D Christensen, D Wasieloski, LP Huggins, J Jahrling, PB AF Kulesh, DA Baker, RO Loveless, BM Norwood, D Zwiers, SH Mucker, E Hartmann, C Herrera, R Miller, D Christensen, D Wasieloski, LP Huggins, J Jahrling, PB TI Smallpox and pan-orthopox virus detection by real-time 3 '-minor groove binder TaqMan assays on the Roche LightCycler and the cepheid smart cycler platforms SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; VACCINIA VIRUS; MONKEYPOX VIRUS; DNA PROBES; PCR; DIFFERENTIATION; DIAGNOSIS; AGENTS; IDENTIFICATION AB We designed, optimized, and extensively tested several sensitive and specific real-time PCR assays for rapid detection of both smallpox and pan-orthopox virus DNAs. The assays are based on TaqMan 3'-minor groove binder chemistry and were performed on both the rapid-cycling Roche LightCycler and the Cepheid Smart Cycler platforms. The hemagglutinin (HA) J7R, B9R, and B10R genes were used as targets for the variola virus-specific assays, and the HA and DNA polymerase-E9L genes were used as targets for the pan-orthopox virus assays. The five orthopox virus assays were tested against a panel of orthopox virus DNAs (both genomic and cloned) at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID). The results indicated that each assay was capable of detecting both the appropriate cloned gene and genomic DNA. The assays showed no cross-reactivity to the 78 DNAs in the USAMRIID bacterial cross-reactivity panel. The limit of detection (LOD) of each assay was determined to be between 12 and 25 copies of target DNA. The assays were also run against a blind panel of DNAs at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on both the LightCycler and the Smart Cycler. The panel consisted of eight different variola virus isolates, five non-variola virus orthopox virus isolates, two varicella-zoster virus isolates, and one herpes simplex virus isolate. Each sample was tested in triplicate at 2.5 ng, 25 pg, 250 fg, and 2.5 fg, which represent 1.24 X 10(7), 1.24 X 10(5), 1.24 X 10(3), and 1.24 X 10(1) genome equivalents, respectively. The results indicated that each of the five assays was 100% specific (no false positives) when tested against both the USAMRIID panels and the CDC blind panel. With the CDC blind panel, the LightCycler was capable of detecting 96.2% of the orthopox virus DNAs and 93.8% of the variola virus DNAs. The Smart Cycler was capable of detecting 92.3% of the orthopox virus DNAs and between 75 and 93.8% of the variola virus DNAs. However, all five assays had nearly 100% sensitivity on both machines with samples above the LOD (>12 gene copies). These real-time PCR assays represent a battery of tests to screen for and confirm the presence of variola virus DNA. The early detection of a smallpox outbreak is crucial whether the incident is an act of bioterrorism or an accidental occurrence. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kulesh, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM David.Kulesh@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 42 IS 2 BP 601 EP 609 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.2.601-609.2004 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 780KC UT WOS:000189379000018 PM 14766823 ER PT J AU Amling, CL Riffenburgh, RH Sun, L Moul, JW Lance, RS Kusuda, L Sexton, WJ Soderdahl, DW Donahue, TF Foley, JP Chung, AK McLeod, DG AF Amling, CL Riffenburgh, RH Sun, L Moul, JW Lance, RS Kusuda, L Sexton, WJ Soderdahl, DW Donahue, TF Foley, JP Chung, AK McLeod, DG TI Pathologic variables and recurrence rates as related to obesity and race in men with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BREAST-CANCER; LIFE-STYLE; RISK; DIET; CARCINOMA; COHORT AB Purpose To determine if obesity is associated with higher prostate specific antigen recurrence rates after radical prostatectomy (RP), and to explore racial differences in body mass index (BMI) as a potential explanation for the disparity in outcome between black and white men. Patients and Methods A retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of 3,162 men undergoing RP was conducted at nine US military medical centers between 1987 and 2002. Patients were initially categorized as obese (BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25 to 30 kg/m(2)), or normal (BMI less than or equal to 25 kg/m(2)). For analysis, normal and overweight groups were combined (BMI < 30 kg/m(2)) and compared with the obese group (BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2)) with regard to biochemical recurrence (prostate-specific antigen greater than or equal to 0.2 ng/mL) after RP. Results Of 3,162 patients, 600 (19.0%) were obese and 2,562 (81%) were not obese. BMI was an independent predictor of higher Gleason grade cancer (P < .001) and was associated with a higher risk of biochemical recurrence (P = .027). Blacks had higher BMI (P < .001) and higher recurrence rates (P = .003) than whites. Both BMI (P = .028) and black race (P = .002) predicted higher prostate specific antigen recurrence rates. In multivariate analysis of race, BMI, and pathologic factors, black race (P = .021) remained a significant independent predictor of recurrence. Conclusion Obesity is associated with higher grade cancer and higher recurrence rates after RP. Black men have higher recurrence rates and greater BMI than white men. These findings support the hypothesis that obesity is associated with progression of latent to clinically significant prostate cancer (PC) and suggest that BMI may account, in part, for the racial variability in PC risk. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Naval Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Andrews AFB, MD USA. RP Amling, CL (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM clamling@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 42 TC 266 Z9 270 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 439 EP 445 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 770PJ UT WOS:000188738900010 PM 14691120 ER PT J AU Kubany, ES Hill, EE Owens, JA Iannce-Spencer, C McCaig, MA Tremayne, KJ Williams, PL AF Kubany, ES Hill, EE Owens, JA Iannce-Spencer, C McCaig, MA Tremayne, KJ Williams, PL TI Cognitive trauma therapy for battered women with PTSD (CTT-BW) SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PROCESSING THERAPY; MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL; ASSAULT VICTIMS; RAPE VICTIMS; LIFE EVENTS; GUILT; VALIDATION; EXPOSURE; INVENTORY AB This article describes a second treatment-outcome study of cognitive trauma therapy for battered women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; CTT-BW). CTT-BW includes trauma history exploration; PTSD education; stress management; exposure to abuse and abuser reminders; self-monitoring of negative self-talk; cognitive therapy for guilt; and modules on self-advocacy, assertiveness, and how to identify perpetrators. One hundred twenty-five ethnically diverse women were randomly assigned to immediate or delayed CTT-BW. PTSD remitted in 87% of women who completed CTT-BW, with large reductions in depression and guilt and substantial increases in self-esteem. White and ethnic minority women benefited equally from CTT-BW. Similar treatment outcomes were obtained by male and female therapists and by therapists with different levels of education and training. Gains were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Pacific Telehlth & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Dept Prosecuting Attorney City & Cty Honolulu, Honolulu, HI USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr PTSD, Pacific Isl Div, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Kubany, ES (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Ctr PTSD, Pacific Isl Div, 1132 Bishop St,Suite 307, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM kubany@hawaii.rr.com NR 76 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1 BP 3 EP 18 DI 10.1037/0022-006X.72.1.3 PG 16 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 768GH UT WOS:000188534900001 PM 14756610 ER PT J AU Vizgirda, PJ Liewehr, FR Patton, WR McPherson, JC Buxton, TB AF Vizgirda, PJ Liewehr, FR Patton, WR McPherson, JC Buxton, TB TI A comparison of laterally condensed gutta-percha, thermoplasticized gutta-percha, and mineral trioxide aggregate as root canal filling materials SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID OBTURATION TECHNIQUES; SEALING ABILITY; PERFORATIONS; LEAKAGE; SEALER AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of using mineral trioxide aggregate as a root canal filling material by comparing its apical sealing ability with that of laterally condensed guttapercha with sealer and high-temperature thermo-plasticized gutta-percha with sealer in extracted bovine teeth. Sixty bovine incisors with single canals were prepared in a standard manner using LightSpeed instruments, randomly divided into three groups of 20 teeth, and obturated. The sealing ability of each technique was assessed by immersion in 1% methylene blue dye for 3 days. The teeth were cleared, and the linear extent of dye penetration was measured with a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA followed by Dunn's test. Canals filled with laterally condensed gutta-percha or thermoplasticized gutta-percha showed significantly less apical dye penetration than canals obturated with mineral trioxide aggregate (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in leakage between the laterally condensed group and the thermoplasticized group. The results suggest that gutta-percha obturation may provide an apical seal that is superior to MTA. C1 USA, Dent Corps, Ft Gordon, GA USA. USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), 10016 N Wind Circle, Indianapolis, IN 46256 USA. EM doctorendo@peoplepc.com NR 20 TC 38 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 30 IS 2 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1097/00004770-200402000-00010 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 770AG UT WOS:000188700300010 PM 14977307 ER PT J AU Shavers, VL Brown, ML Potosky, AL Klabunde, CN Davis, WW Moul, JW Fahey, A AF Shavers, VL Brown, ML Potosky, AL Klabunde, CN Davis, WW Moul, JW Fahey, A TI Race/ethnicity and the receipt of watchful waiting for the initial management of prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE conservative management; ethnicity; health disparities; prostate cancer; race; watchful waiting ID SEER-MEDICARE DATA; RADIATION-THERAPY; TREATMENT OPTIONS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; ANTIGEN; MEN; CARCINOMA; OUTCOMES; TRENDS AB INTRODUCTION: Several recent studies have noted that African Americans disproportionately receive "watchful waiting" for the initial management of their prostate cancer. To determine whether racial/ethnic differences in the receipt of watchful waiting are explained by differences in clinical presentation and life expectancy at the time of diagnosis, we examined Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data for men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1994 to 1996. METHODS: Race/ethnicity, comorbidity, stage, grade, age, and expected lifespan and their association with the receipt of watchful waiting were examined in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Race-stratified logistic regression analyses were also used to examine racial/ethnic variation in the association of clinical and demographic factors with the receipt of watchful waiting among African-American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white men. RESULTS: African-American (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 to 1.6) and Hispanic men (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.5) were significantly more likely than non-Hispanic white men to receive watchful waiting in a multivariate model adjusted for age, comorbidity, stage, grade, and life expectancy. Advanced stage and grade, lower life expectancy, older age, and high comorbidity indices were also significantly associated with an increase in the odds of receipt of watchful waiting in multivariate analyses. In general, the association between the receipt of watchful waiting and the clinical characteristics (i.e., stage, grade, and age) were similar for the three racial/ethnic groups. In race-stratified logistic regression analyses, life expectancy was associated with an increase in the odds of receiving watchful waiting but results were statistically significant for whites only. There was also a statistically significant increase in the odds of receiving watchful waiting for African-American and white men with high comorbidity indices but not Hispanic men. The odds of receiving watchful waiting were also higher for African-American and Hispanic men who resided in census tracts where a large percentage of residents had not completed high school than for white men who resided in similar census tracts. CONCLUSION: The disproportionate receipt of watchful waiting among African Americans and Hispanics is not completely explained by racial/ethnic variation in clinical characteristics or life expectancy as measured in this study. These data suggest that there are other factors that contribute to racial/ethnic differences in receipt of watchful waiting that warrant investigation. C1 NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res Program, HSEB, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, DoD Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Informat Management Syst, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Shavers, VL (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res Program, HSEB, 6130 Execut Blvd,EPN 4005 MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM shaversv@mail.nih.gov NR 50 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 IS 2 BP 146 EP 155 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.30209.x PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 779KD UT WOS:000189293100006 PM 15009794 ER PT J AU Haehnel, RB Daly, SF AF Haehnel, RB Daly, SF TI Maximum impact force of woody debris on floodplain structures SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE impact forces; debris; flood plains; floating bodies; flood damage AB We collided woody debris (i.e., logs) with structures using flume and test basin laboratory facilities to investigate the maximum impact force that floodplain structures are exposed to from floating woody debris. The tests also investigated the influence of collision geometry, determined by the debris orientation on impact, on the maximum impact forces. We reviewed the three approaches that represent the existing guidance for estimating maximum impact forces. Each approach estimates the maximum impact force based on the debris velocity and mass. We show that all the existing approaches can be derived from a single-degree-of-freedom model of the collision and can be considered to be equivalent. The laboratory data show that the maximum impact force was associated with a log striking a rigid structure with its end. Oblique and eccentric collisions reduced the maximum impact load in a predictable and consistent manner. The approach we refer to as "contact stiffness," a linear, one-degree-of-freedom model with no damping, was able to reproduce the laboratory results over the entire range of data, with an effective contact stiffness of 2.4 MN/m. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Haehnel, RB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM steven.f.daly@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 7 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2004 VL 130 IS 2 BP 112 EP 120 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:2(120) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 770PL UT WOS:000188739100003 ER PT J AU Spencer, SE Valentin-Bon, IE Whaley, K Jerse, AE AF Spencer, SE Valentin-Bon, IE Whaley, K Jerse, AE TI Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae genital tract infection by leading-candidate topical microbicides in a mouse model SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Topical Microbicides Pre-Clinical CY JAN 31-FEB 01, 2001 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; CELLULOSE SULFATE; VAGINAL MICROBICIDES; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; PRO 2000; PHASE-I; PREVENTION; TOLERANCE AB The development of effective vaginal microbicides is paramount in the fight against the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Preclinical testing of candidate microbicides for the prevention of gonorrhea has been seriously hindered by the lack of an animal model. We assessed the efficacy of 7 promising formulated agents CarraGuard, Ushercell, [poly] sodium 4-styrene sulfonate (T-PSS), PRO 2000, ACIDFORM, cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), and BufferGel - by use of a mouse model of Neisseria gonorrhoeae genital tract infection. Mice received test agent, relevant placebo, or no treatment, followed by intravaginal N. gonorrhoeae challenge. N. gonorrhoeae colonization was tested by vaginal culture. CarraGuard, Ushercell, and T-PSS demonstrated significant protection, compared with control agents and no treatment. PRO 2000, ACIDFORM, and CAP showed significant protection, compared with no treatment but not compared with respective control agents. Mice that received BufferGel were provided significant protection, compared with untreated control mice; no placebo was tested. The findings of the present study suggest that topical agents may effectively reduce N. gonorrhoeae infection and that further evaluation is warranted. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. ReProtect, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Epicyte Pharmaceut, San Diego, CA USA. RP Spencer, SE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM SSpencerMD@comcast.net; ajerse@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI45967] NR 60 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 3 BP 410 EP 419 DI 10.1086/381125 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 767TC UT WOS:000188467900008 PM 14745698 ER PT J AU Welkos, SL Cote, CK Rea, KM Gibbs, PH AF Welkos, SL Cote, CK Rea, KM Gibbs, PH TI A microtiter fluorometric assay to detect the germination of Bacillus anthracis spores and the germination inhibitory effects of antibodies SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE antibody; Bacillus anthracis; fluorometry; germination; inhibition; spore ID B-ANTHRACIS; SUBTILIS; LOCALIZATION; PROTEINS; TRIGGER; CEREUS; MACROPHAGES; EXOSPORIUM; MECHANISM; RESPONSES AB Bacillus anthracis spore germination is usually detected in vitro by alterations in spore refractility, heat resistance, and stainability. We developed a more quantitative, sensitive, and semi-automated procedure for detecting germination by using a microtiter kinetic reader for fluorescence spectrophotometry. The procedure was based on the increase in fluorescence of spores with time during their incubation in germination medium containing a fluorescent nucleic acid-binding dye which stained germinated B. anthracis but not ungerminated (UG) spores. Spore germination in the presence of several germinants was characterized. Although L-alanine and inosine alone stimulated rapid germination in this assay, a medium containing optimal concentrations Of L-alanine, adenosine, and casamino acids gave low background fluorescence, stimulated germination completely, and at a reasonable rate. Suspensions of heat-activated, UG spores of B. anthracis strain Ames were preincubated with antibodies (Abs) against whole spores to assess their effect on germination. Analyses of the germination data obtained revealed significant differences between spores pretreated with these Abs and those treated with non-immune sera or IgG. Germination inhibitory activity (GIA) was detected for several polyclonal rabbit anti-spore Ab preparations. These included anti-Ames strain spore antisera, IgG purified from the latter, and spore affinity-purified Abs from antisera elicited against four strains of B. anthracis. Abs elicited against UG as well as completely germinated Ames spores inhibited germination. Abs were ranked according to their GIA, and those specific for UG spores usually exhibited greater GIA. Direct binding to spores of these Abs was detected by an ELISA with whole un-germinated Ames spores. Although specific binding to spores by the anti-spore Abs was shown, their titers did not correlate with their GIA levels. Current efforts are focused on identifying the spore antigens recognized by the anti-spore Abs, characterizing the role of these targeted antigens in disease pathogenesis, and evaluating the ability of specific anti-spore Abs to protect against infection with B. anthracis. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Stat Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@DET.AMEDD.army.mil NR 30 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD FEB PY 2004 VL 56 IS 2 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2003.10.019 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 775WQ UT WOS:000189084000012 PM 14744454 ER PT J AU Kollars, TM Phasuk, R Sattabongkot, J AF Kollars, TM Phasuk, R Sattabongkot, J TI Variation of circumsporozoite 26 and 29 genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum infecting patients and association with HLA-DQA allotypes in western Thailand SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALARIA; RESISTANCE; ANTIGEN; PROTEIN; BORDER; VIVAX AB We evaluated the proportion of variants of circumsporozoite protein (cp) gene 26 and cp29 antigenic epitopes of Plasmodium falciparum infecting patients among 3 provinces in western Thailand, in addition to published variants from Gambia. The proportion of patients coinfected with cp26 and cp29 strains was significantly higher in patients reporting to malaria clinics in Tak than in Kanchanaburi and Ratchaburi and higher in Kanchanaburi than in Ratchaburi. In western Thailand, coinfection with cp26 and cp29 appears to increase with increasing latitude. There were also significant differences in proportion of these variants among Thai provinces and Gambia. An association of patient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotype was associated with P. falciparum strains. There were significant associations among the HLA-DQA alleles in patients, the province of origin. and cp variants of P. falciparum. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Kollars, TM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM thomas.kollars@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 90 IS 1 BP 182 EP 184 DI 10.1645/GE-13R PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 805LH UT WOS:000220367300031 PM 15040690 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, EA Fekete, ZA Korugic-Karasz, LS Karasz, FE Wilusz, E AF Hoffmann, EA Fekete, ZA Korugic-Karasz, LS Karasz, FE Wilusz, E TI Theoretical and experimental X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of ion-implanted Nafion SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium Macromolecules in the 21st Century CY OCT 07-09, 2002 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE semiempirical calculations; quantum chemistry; fluoropolymers; ESCA/XPS; theory ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES; C1S SPECTRA; TRANSPORT; MODEL; ESCA; XPS; WATER; AM1 AB The membrane properties of a Nafion surface can be modified by ion implantation with N+ or F+. The results are presented of an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of implanted surfaces. For the interpretation of the XPS spectra, calculations using a semiempirical quantum chemical formalism (AM1) have been applied, in conjunction with a charge-potential model, to predict the C,, cote electron binding energies. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Szeged, Dept Phys Chem, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Karasz, FE (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM fekarasz@polysci.umass.edu RI Fekete, Zoltan/C-7019-2008 OI Fekete, Zoltan/0000-0002-7677-2678 NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 3 BP 551 EP 556 DI 10.1002/pola.10878 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 764FR UT WOS:000188197200019 ER PT J AU Notohardjono, BD Wilcoski, J Gambill, JB AF Notohardjono, BD Wilcoski, J Gambill, JB TI Design of earthquake resistant server computer structures SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB This paper presents the design features of an electrical equipment frame structure that can withstand a severe earthquake test profile. Original designs of these structures were optimized to survive shock and shipping vibrations only, since the majority of products experience shock and vibrations during transportation. Shock and vibration found in the shipping environment are oriented in the vertical direction only. Increased concerns for equipment survivability and safety during seismic events have driven new requirements for consideration when designing equipment's frame structure and incorporation of tests having earthquake profiles into testing regimes. This adds horizontal components of vibration into design considerations and demands design compromises that will optimize performance for both horizontal and vertical vibrations. Frame and assembly mounting design for both orientations will be discussed and test criteria specifically for vertical vibration will be described in order to compare to tests geared toward combinations of vertical and horizontal vibrations. Structures created under these new requirements are rigid in all three axes, especially in the horizontal direction where low frequency seismic vibrations can induce large displacement of the frame members and subassemblies installed in the frame. Both the subassembly components and the frame assembly must be modified to reach the optimum design for multi-directional vibration. The development of the frame structure and related hardware involves extensive uniaxial and triaxial earthquake simulation testing in both raised floor and non-raised floor environments. The dynamic responses of the system under different earthquake test profiles are recorded and analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. The computer frame and anchorage system must have adequate strength and stiffness for earthquake induced forces to prevent human injury and potential system damage. However this same frame and anchorage system must also meet the potentially conflicting requirement of ensuring continued system operation by limiting transmitted accelerations to acceptable levels at critical system components such as hard drives. C1 IBM Corp, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA. USA Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Notohardjono, BD (reprint author), IBM Corp, MS-P932,2455 South Rd, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA. EM budy@us.ibm.com; James.Wilcoski@erdc.usace.army.mil; James.B.Gambill@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2004 VL 126 IS 1 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.1115/1.1638389 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 800OG UT WOS:000220037000010 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI Schemers and dreamers: Filibustering in Mexico, 1848-1921. SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 BP 144 EP 145 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 771GX UT WOS:000188778200026 ER PT J AU Rafuse, ES AF Rafuse, ES TI Jefferson Davis in blue: The life of Sherman's relentless warrior. SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rafuse, ES (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 BP 171 EP 172 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 771GX UT WOS:000188778200051 ER PT J AU Dixon, WC Harrington, RA AF Dixon, WC Harrington, RA TI Multi-bed vascular disease: Past, present, and future SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; SCANDINAVIAN SIMVASTATIN SURVIVAL; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; URGENT THERAPY; DOUBLE-BLIND; RISK-FACTORS; TRIAL C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Dixon, WC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Libby898@aol.com NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-5305 J9 J THROMB THROMBOLYS JI J. Thromb. Thrombolysis PD FEB PY 2004 VL 17 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.1023/B:THRO.0000036023.14285.c5 PG 5 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 841PP UT WOS:000222943400001 PM 15277782 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Chavez, S Alvarado-Ortega, M Barillo, DJ Walker, SC McManus, AT Goodwin, CW AF Cancio, LC Chavez, S Alvarado-Ortega, M Barillo, DJ Walker, SC McManus, AT Goodwin, CW TI Predicting increased fluid requirements during the resuscitation of thermally injured patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE burns; fluid therapy; shock ID INHALATION INJURY; BURN INJURIES; PERMEABILITY; CHILDREN; EDEMA AB Background: We determined whether factors present soon after burn predict which patients will receive more than 4 mL/kg/% burn during the first 24 hours, and whether total fluid intake during the first 24 hours (VOL) contributes to in-hospital mortality (MORT). Methods: We reviewed the records of patients admitted during 1987-97. The modified Brooke resuscitation formula was used. One hundred four patients met inclusion criteria: total body surface area burned (TBSA) greater than or equal to 20%; admission directly from the field; weight > 30 kg; no electric injury, mechanical trauma, or blood transfusions; and survival > 24 hours postburn. Eighty-nine records were complete. Results: Mean TBSA was 43%, mean full-thickness burn size was 21%, mean age was 41 years, mean VOL was 4.9 mL/ kg/% burn, and mean lactated Ringer's volume was 4.4 mL/kg/% burn; 53% had inhalation injury. MORT was 25.8%. Mean urine (output was 0.77 mL/kg/h). By linear regression, VOL was associated with weight (negatively) and full-thickness burn size (r(2) = 0.151). By logistic regression, receipt of over 4 mL/kg/% burn was predicted at admission by weight (negatively) and TBSA; by 24 hours postburn, mechanical ventilation replaced TBSA. With respect to MORT, logistic regression of admission factors yielded a model incorporating TBSA and an age function; by 24 hours postburn, the worst base deficit was added. Conclusion: Burn size and weight (negatively) were associated with greater VOL. However, a close linear relationship between burn size and VOL was not observed. Mechanical ventilation supplanted TBSA by 24 hours as a predictor of high VOL. Worst base deficit, TBSA, and an age function, but not VOL, were predictors of MORT. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@us.army.mil NR 24 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2004 VL 56 IS 2 BP 404 EP 413 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000075341.43956.E4 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 777ZV UT WOS:000189215200029 PM 14960986 ER PT J AU Langenstroer, P Porter, HJ McLeod, DG Thrasher, JB AF Langenstroer, P Porter, HJ McLeod, DG Thrasher, JB TI Direct gastrointestinal toxicity of flutamide: Comparison of irradiated and nonirradiated cases SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; radiation; flutamide; androgen antagonists ID PROSTATE-CANCER; THERAPY AB Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) side effects of flutamide in cases treated for advanced prostate cancer are well documented. Proposed mechanisms for these side effects include increased serum blood levels, direct vehicle effects and/or local toxicity. If local toxicity, the focus of this study, mediates GI side effects of flutamide then cases exposed to external beam radiation (XRT) should have more symptoms. We hypothesize that GI side effects of flutamide are not a direct local toxic effect resulting in a similar side effect profile for irradiated and nonirradiated cases. Thus, the present study compares GI effects of flutamide in irradiated and nonirradiated cases. Materials and Methods: We identified 106 of 440 cases from a prior flutamide dose comparison study as having undergone XRT (56 cases) or radical prostatectomy (50 patients). The prevalence of GI side effects (abdominal pain/distention, diarrhea, constipation, nausea/ vomiting and anorexia) was tallied for each treatment group and/or dosing regimen, 250 mg every 8 hours or 500 mg daily. Chi-square analysis with Yates' correction was performed for statistical analysis. Results: The overall prevalence in 106 cases of GI side effects with flutamide was 22%. Treatment specific differences revealed no differences between the XRT and radical prostatectomy groups at 21% and 22%, respectively. Furthermore, independent analysis of treatment groups for each distinct side effect and dosing regimen did not identify significant differences. Conclusions: Irradiated cases are not at greater risk for the development of GI side effects from flutamide, suggesting that drug induced local toxicity does not mediate GI distress. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Urol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Langenstroer, P (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Urol, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM plang@mcw.edu NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 171 IS 2 BP 684 EP 686 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000106835.60202.81 PN 1 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 765YU UT WOS:000188319300028 PM 14713786 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Glanton, CW Trespalacios, FC Oliver, DK Ortiz, MI Agodoa, LY Cruess, DF Kimmel, PL AF Abbott, KC Glanton, CW Trespalacios, FC Oliver, DK Ortiz, MI Agodoa, LY Cruess, DF Kimmel, PL TI Body mass index, dialysis modality, and survival: Analysis of the United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave II Study SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE obesity; body mass index; peritoneal dialysis; hemodialysis; survival; mortality ID SHORT-TERM SURVIVAL; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS; DISEASE PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; OBESITY; IMPACT; DEATH AB Background. The impact of obesity on survival in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients as related to dialysis modality (i.e., a direct comparison of hemodialysis with peritoneal dialysis) has not been assessed adjusting for differences in medication use, follow-up 2 years, or accounting for changes in dialysis modality. Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave II Study (DMMS) patients who started dialysis in 1996, and were followed until October 31 2001. Cox regression analysis was used to model adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for mortality for categories of body mass index (BMI), both as quartiles and as greater than or equal to30 kg/m(2) vs. lower. Because such a large proportion of peritoneal dialysis patients changed to hemodialysis during the study period (45.5%), a sensitivity analysis was performed calculating survival time both censoring and not censoring on the date of change from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. Results. There were 1675 hemodialysis and 1662 peritoneal dialysis patients. Among hemodialysis patients, 5-year survival for patients with BMI greater than or equal to30 kg/m(2) was 39.8% vs. 32.3% for lower BMI (P < 0.01 by log-rank test). Among peritoneal dialysis patients, 5-year survival for patients with BMI 30 kg/m(2) was 38.7% vs. 40.4% for lower BMI (P > 0.05 by log-rank test). In adjusted analysis, BMI greater than or equal to30 kg/m(2) was associated with improved survival in hemodialysis patients (AHR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81, 0.99; P = 0.042) but not peritoneal dialysis patients (AHR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.86, 1.15; P = 0.89). Results were not different on censoring of change from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. Conclusion. We conclude that any survival advantage associated with obesity among chronic dialysis patients is significantly less likely for peritoneal dialysis patients, compared to hemodialysis patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. George Washington Hosp Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 42 TC 159 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 65 IS 2 BP 597 EP 605 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00385.x PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 761QM UT WOS:000187919500025 PM 14717930 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The Atlantic wall, 1941-1944: Hitler's defenses for D-Day. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 107 EP 107 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 768BC UT WOS:000188507500171 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The Iraq War: Strategy, tactics, and military lessons. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL 32424 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 768BC UT WOS:000188507500177 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI The girl watchers club: Six old soldiers and dispatches from the battlefields of life. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 768BC UT WOS:000188507500205 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Govorkov, AV Smirnov, NB Pashkova, NV Pearton, SJ Ip, K Frazier, RM Abernathy, CR Norton, DP Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Polyakov, AY Govorkov, AV Smirnov, NB Pashkova, NV Pearton, SJ Ip, K Frazier, RM Abernathy, CR Norton, DP Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Optical and magnetic properties of ZnO bulk crystals implanted with Cr and Fe SO MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE ZnO; magnetism; ion ID DOPED ZNO; THIN-FILMS; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPINTRONICS; BAND; MN AB Optical absorption and microcathodoluminescence (MCL) bands were studied in heavily Cr and Fe implanted ZnO bulk crystals annealed at 700degreesC. The samples showed at room temperature hysteresis. The implanted regions remained n-type and optical absorption bands near 1.8 eV and the MCL bands near 2.8 eV were found to be associated with the transition metal (TM) ions. These bands are tentatively attributed to internal transitions between the levels of the substitutional TM ions. In addition to those bands we also observed strong absorption bands at 0.5 and 2.4 eV and MCL bands near 1.9 and 2.3 eV. All these bands are related to radiation damage defects. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 25 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-8001 J9 MAT SCI SEMICON PROC JI Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process PD FEB-APR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.mssp.2004.03.001 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 849MK UT WOS:000223542600014 ER PT J AU Bosch, EH Oliver, MA Webster, R AF Bosch, EH Oliver, MA Webster, R TI Wavelets and the generalization of the variogram SO MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE filtering; Daubechies's wavelets; Haar wavelet; generalized variogram; wavelet analysis ID SOIL PROPERTIES; ELUCIDATION AB The experimental variogram computed in the usual way by the method of moments and the Haar wavelet transform are similar in that they filter data and yield informative summaries that may be interpreted. The variogram filters out constant values; wavelets can filter variation at several spatial scales and thereby provide a richer repertoire for analysis and demand no assumptions other than that of finite variance. This paper compares the two functions, identifying that part of the Haar wavelet transform that gives it its advantages. It goes on to show that the generalized variogram of order k=1, 2, and 3 filters linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials from the data, respectively, which correspond with more complex wavelets in Daubechies's family. The additional filter coefficients of the latter can reveal features of the data that are not evident in its usual form. Three examples in which data recorded at regular intervals on transects are analyzed illustrate the extended form of the variogram. The apparent periodicity of gilgais in Australia seems to be accentuated as filter coefficients are added, but otherwise the analysis provides no new insight. Analysis of hyerpsectral data with a strong linear trend showed that the wavelet-based variograms filtered it out. Adding filter coefficients in the analysis of the topsoil across the Jurassic scarplands of England changed the upper bound of the variogram; it then resembled the within-class variogram computed by the method of moments. To elucidate these results, we simulated several series of data to represent a random process with values fluctuating about a mean, data with long-range linear trend, data with local trend, and data with stepped transitions. The results suggest that the wavelet variogram can filter out the effects of long-range trend, but not local trend, and of transitions from one class to another, as across boundaries. C1 USACE ERDC TEC, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, Reading RG6 6DW, Berks, England. Rothamsted Res, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. RP Bosch, EH (reprint author), USACE ERDC TEC, 7701 Teleg Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. EM bosche@ima.mil; m.a.oliver@reading.ac.uk; richard.webster@bbsrc.ac.uk NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0882-8121 J9 MATH GEOL JI Math. Geol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 36 IS 2 BP 147 EP 186 DI 10.1023/B:MATG.0000020469.51320.5d PG 40 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Geology; Mathematics GA 805BF UT WOS:000220341100001 ER PT J AU Trump, DH Brady, PJ Olsen, CH AF Trump, DH Brady, PJ Olsen, CH TI Self-rated health and subsequent health care use among military personnel returning from international deployments SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual Force Health Protection Conference CY AUG 26-30, 2001 CL Albuquerque, NM SP USA Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA; PHYSICAL HEALTH; MORTALITY; ILLNESS; PARTICIPATION; OPERATIONS; MORBIDITY; SYMPTOMS AB Individual health status assessment upon completion of U.S. military deployments was standardized in 1999 with a brief health assessment questionnaire. This cohort study analyzed health status responses and their relationship to postdeployment health outcomes among 16,142 military personnel who completed a health questionnaire after a deployment ending in 1999. Respondents were Army and Air Force personnel returning from Europe or Southwest Asia. Fourteen percent documented at least one health concern and 1.8% had fair/poor self-rated health. In the 6 months after deployment, 1.4% were hospitalized, 25% made five or more outpatient visits, and 4% separated from military service. Deployers with fair/poor self-rated health were at a significantly increased risk for high use of outpatient services (risk ratio, men 1.8, women 1.7) but not for hospitalization or separation. Self-report of low health status or other health concerns may help identify deployers with higher health care needs after future deployments. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Trump, DH (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Room A1039,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 169 IS 2 BP 128 EP 133 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IQ UT WOS:000235829200014 PM 15040634 ER PT J AU Hauschild, VD Lee, AP AF Hauschild, VD Lee, AP TI Assessing chemical exposures during military deployments SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Before the first Persian Gulf War, military chemical concerns were focused on life-threatening/performance-impairing effects from exposures to chemical warfare agents. Now, hazards of concern include both high and low levels of chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals in air, soil, and water. The types of health effects considered have expanded to include both immediate, acute effects (mild and severe), and delayed or chronic outcomes. Because federal exposure standards are not applicable to deployed personnel, the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine established military-specific exposure guidelines in Technical Guide 230, Chemical Exposure Guidelines for Deployed Military Personnel. Methods used to develop the guidelines address toxicological data limitations, uniqueness of military populations and exposure scenarios, and a risk assessment process compatible with existing military operational risk management doctrine. The Technical Guide 230 helps ensure chemical hazards are addressed in various deployment scenarios. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hauschild, VD (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 169 IS 2 BP 142 EP 146 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IQ UT WOS:000235829200017 PM 15040637 ER PT J AU Richter, ER Dean, RC AF Richter, ER Dean, RC TI Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a teenage male SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Malignant neoplasms of the bladder are typically transitional cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma comprising nearly all of the remaining cases. Leiomyosarcoma is a rarely seen neoplasm of the bladder with a generally poor prognosis. It is important to distinguish leiomyosarcomas from rhabdomyosarcoma with the aid of immunohistochemical markers. A therapeutic dilemma exists with regard to the need for urethrectomy. We present the third reported case of leiomyosarcoma of the bladder in a teenage male patient. C1 Evans Army Community Hosp, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Richter, ER (reprint author), Evans Army Community Hosp, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 169 IS 2 BP 155 EP 156 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IQ UT WOS:000235829200020 PM 15040640 ER PT J AU Neff, RT Gibbs, BT AF Neff, RT Gibbs, BT TI A 22-year-old army private with chest pain and weight loss SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B NEPHROTOXICITY; RISK-FACTORS; COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; PULMONARY AB The objective of this study was to delineate an efficient and effective diagnostic approach in evaluating a patient with weight loss and a posterior mediastinal mass. This case demonstrates the evaluation and management of a 22-year-old Army private with weight loss, chest pain, and a posterior mediastinal mass on chest X-ray. The importance of obtaining a thorough travel history to formulate the differential diagnosis is highlighted. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Neff, RT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 169 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IQ UT WOS:000235829200021 ER PT J AU Kaholek, M Lee, WK LaMattina, B Caster, KC Zauscher, S AF Kaholek, M Lee, WK LaMattina, B Caster, KC Zauscher, S TI Fabrication of stimulus-responsive nanopatterned polymer brushes by scanning-probe lithography SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; SURFACE-INITIATED POLYMERIZATIONS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; PROTEIN NANOSTRUCTURES; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); PATTERNS; NANOFABRICATION; NANOWIRES AB Stimulus-responsive, surface confined poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAM) brush nanopatterns were prepared on gold-coated silicon substrates in a "grafting-from" approach that combines "nanoshaving", a scanning probe lithography method, with surface-initiated polymerization using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The reversible, stimulus-responsive conformational height change of these nanopatterned polymer brushes was demonstrated by inverse transition cycling in water, and water-methanol mixtures (1:1, v:v). Our findings are consistent with the behavior of laterally confined and covalently attached polymer chains, where chain mobility is restricted largely to the out-of-plane direction. Our nanofabrication approach is generic and can likely be extended to a wide range of vinyl monomers. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Biol Inspired Mat & Mat Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Zauscher, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, 144 Hudson Hall,Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM zauscher@duke.edu RI Zauscher, Stefan/C-3947-2008 NR 34 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 4 IS 2 BP 373 EP 376 DI 10.1021/nl035054w PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 774EA UT WOS:000188965700037 ER PT J AU Rushing, EJ Bouffard, JP AF Rushing, EJ Bouffard, JP TI Basic pathology of the peripheral nerve SO NEUROIMAGING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-GENETICS; NEUROPATHIES; INFECTION AB Peripheral nerve pathology encompasses a complex array of disease processes that are poorly understood. This article provides a substrate for communication between pathologists and radiologists who are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with peripheral neuropathy. The article is organized into sections on normal histology, routine morphologic techniques used in the study of peripheral nerve, and the basic disease patterns, followed by a brief discussion of selected neuropathies. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ohpthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Rushing, EJ (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ohpthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM rushinge@afip.osd.mil NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1052-5149 J9 NEUROIMAG CLIN N AM JI Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 43 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nic.2004.02.001 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 828AC UT WOS:000221943800002 PM 15177255 ER PT J AU Sunram-Lea, SI Foster, JK Durlach, P Perez, C AF Sunram-Lea, SI Foster, JK Durlach, P Perez, C TI The influence of fat co-administration on the glucose memory facilitation effect SO NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aspartame; fat; glucose; long-term memory; non-verbal memory; verbal memory ID HEALTHY-YOUNG ADULTS; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INSULIN-RECEPTOR; SENILE DEMENTIA; ELDERLY HUMANS; RATS; ENHANCEMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA AB Memory for a list of 20 words can be enhanced when learning is preceded by consumption of 25 g of glucose, compared with consumption of an equally sweet aspartame solution. The present study examined whether memory performance is also enhanced when glucose is administered in conjunction with another food constituent, in particular fat. Four groups of healthy young participants were tested under one of four conditions: (a) glucose + full-fat yoghurt; (b) glucose + fat-free yoghurt; (c) aspartame + full-fat yoghurt; (d) aspartame + fat-free yoghurt. The groups were compared on measures of blood glucose and cognitive performance. Participants receiving a glucose drink in conjunction with a fat-free yoghurt displayed higher blood glucose levels (BGL) and better performance on short- and long- delay recall of the word list compared with (a) individuals who consumed the glucose drink in conjunction with a full-fat yoghurt and (b) individuals who consumed the aspartame drink. The glycaemic data indicated that the presence of fat slows down glucose absorption. The findings suggest that only foods with a relatively fast glucose absorption rate are able to significantly enhance the encoding and long-term retention of novel memory materials in healthy young adults. C1 Univ Lancaster, Dept Psychol, Fylde Coll, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. SPACH, Wembly, WA 6014, Australia. Univ Western Australia, ICHR, Wembley, WA 6014, Australia. Hlth Dept Western Australia, Neurosci Unit, Wembly, WA 6014, Australia. USA, Res Inst, Simulator Syst Res Unit, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. Unilever Res, Colworth Lab, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, Beds, England. RP Sunram-Lea, SI (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Dept Psychol, Fylde Coll, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. EM s.sunram-lea@lancaster.ac.uk OI Sunram-Lea, Sandra/0000-0001-9889-9867 NR 65 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1028-415X J9 NUTR NEUROSCI JI Nutr. Neurosci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 7 IS 1 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.1082/1028415042000198816 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 809UK UT WOS:000220661400003 PM 15085555 ER PT J AU Stany, MP Winter, WE Dainty, L Lockrow, E Carlson, AW AF Stany, MP Winter, WE Dainty, L Lockrow, E Carlson, AW TI Laparoscopic exposure in obese high-risk patients with mechanical displacement of the abdominal wall SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; PNEUMOPERITONEUM; WOMEN AB BACKGROUND: Patients with morbid obesity or pulmonary disease are at a higher risk for complications during advanced laparoscopic procedures. Higher intrapetitoneal carbon dioxide pressures required to elevate die pannus can negatively impact hemodynamic and respiratory parameters. CASES: We describe a technique that uses a combination of a mechanical retractor and a Foley catheter inserted midway between the umbilicus and the pubic symphysis that assists in elevating the anterior abdominal wall. In 3 cases this technique allowed for a low-pressure pneumoperitoneum during advanced laparoscopic pelvic surgery, which resulted in improved hemodynamic parameters and pulmonary function in these high-risk patients. CONCLUSION: The Foley Lap-Lift facilitated laparoscopy through mechanical abdominal wall elevation and allowed for a lower-pressure pneumoperitoneum. This technique is an addition to traditional operative laparoscopy in select high-risk patients. ( (C) 2004 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Carlson, AW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Room 2J06,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jay.carlson@na.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 103 IS 2 BP 383 EP 386 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000110543.14290.35 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 875IL UT WOS:000225413600026 PM 14754711 ER PT J AU Peoples, GE Arciero, C Adair, C Shriver, CD Warlick, W Willis, C Cruser, D AF Peoples, GE Arciero, C Adair, C Shriver, CD Warlick, W Willis, C Cruser, D TI Case 2: A mass in the head of the pancreas SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Combined Serv, Gen Surg Tumor Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Combined Serv, Gen Surg Tumor Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU P R R INC PI MELVILLE PA 48 SOUTH SERVICE RD, MELVILLE, NY 11747 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD FEB PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 140 EP 142 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 052DB UT WOS:000238210200002 PM 15008053 ER PT J AU Shere, JL Boole, JR Holtel, MR Amoroso, PJ AF Shere, JL Boole, JR Holtel, MR Amoroso, PJ TI An analysis of 3599 midfacial and 1141 orbital blowout fractures among 4426 United States Army Soldiers, 1980-2000 SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 22-25, 2002 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ID FACIAL FRACTURES; INJURIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETIOLOGY; TRAUMA AB OBJECTIVE. We sought to present the epidemiology associated with 3599 midfacial and 1141 orbital, blowout fractures. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a multicenter, 20-year retrospective analysis of hospitalization data on U.S. Army active duty soldiers. RESULTS. Men composed 96% of the patients, with men aged 20 to 29 years the most affected. Of midfacial and blowout. fractures, 54.8% and 70.2% occurred with concomitant injury, with 36.2% and 50.9% sustaining other facial fractures, respectively. Three hundred forty orbital blowout fractures (29.8%) had an associated eye injury. Common mechanisms included fighting and motor vehicle accidents. CONCLUSIONS: Young men comprised the most susceptible population, and assault was the pre- dominant mechanism. A high incidence of concomitant injury in midfacial and orbital blowout fractures, particularly ocular and intracranial injury, emphasizes the importance of a thorough physical examination. SIGNIFICANCE. We report the results from one of the largest series of midfacial and orbital floor blowout fractures from a population that crosses urban, rural, and foreign boundaries. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Shere, JL (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM Jeffrey.Shere@nw.amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 130 IS 2 BP 164 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2003.09.018 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 779TP UT WOS:000189317300002 PM 14990911 ER PT J AU McBride, SA Johnson, RF Merullo, DJ Bartow, RE AF McBride, SA Johnson, RF Merullo, DJ Bartow, RE TI Effects of the periodic administration of odor or vibration on a 3-hr. vigilance task SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID SUSTAINED ATTENTION; PERFORMANCE; STRESS AB The present study examined performance during 3 hr. of simulated sentry duty with and without the intermittent administration of low-level sensory stimuli (odor or vibration). For odor and control conditions, target-detection latency increased steadily over the course of the 3-hr. session. Administration of a tactile stimulus reduced the increase in detection latency compared to that found in odor and control conditions. For all conditions, there were no significant differences in target-detection frequency, shot accuracy, or friend-foe discrimination. Across all conditions, restlessness (motor activity) increased significantly the first hour and remained elevated for the rest of the session. Subjective measures of workload (NASA-TLX) indicated that the 3-hr. task rated high on physical demand, mental demand, frustration, and overall workload. These findings suggest that the intermittent delivery of a clearly detectable tactile Stimulus can reduce reaction-time decrements that occur as time on task increases. C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP McBride, SA (reprint author), USA, Inst Environm Med, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD FEB PY 2004 VL 98 IS 1 BP 307 EP 318 PG 12 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 800ZU UT WOS:000220067000032 PM 15058891 ER PT J AU Jones, KA Derenge, MA Ervin, MH Shah, PB Freitas, JA Vispute, RD Sharma, RP Gerardi, GJ AF Jones, KA Derenge, MA Ervin, MH Shah, PB Freitas, JA Vispute, RD Sharma, RP Gerardi, GJ TI Electrical, CL, EPR and RBS study of annealed SiC implanted with Al or Al and C SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems CY SEP 15-17, 2003 CL Lecce, ITALY ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; 4H SILICON-CARBIDE; ION-IMPLANTATION; DEFECT CENTERS; BOUND EXCITON; ALUMINUM; 6H; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; TEMPERATURE; SIC(0001) AB Lightly n-doped, 4H-SiC films implanted with 10(20) cm(-3) Al or co-implanted with 10(20) cm(-3) Al and 10(20) cm(-3) C were examined in the unannealed state or annealed at 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600 or 1650 C after they had been coated with an AlN cap. For a given annealing temperature, TA, the sheet resistance, R-sh, is smaller in the co-implanted samples at the lower T-A's, but not at the higher ones because the C catalyzes the chemical reactions for the incorporation of Al into a Si site, and at the higher TA's the activation energies for these reactions no longer control the reaction kinetics. The CL peak created by a free electron recombining with a hole bound to an Al acceptor decreases in intensity as TA increases because the Al acceptors can be trapped by the deep donors related to the D, defect that increase in number as TA increases. However, the process must be more complicated because the temperature dependence of Rsh implies that the activation energy for conduction is much less than that of the 0.35 eV hole trap. The excellent temperature stability of the D-I defect suggests it is likely to be associated with defects that nucleate and grow such as dislocation loops and/or stacking faults. This is consistent with decreased ion beam channeling at the higher TA's, and the small anisotropy of the EPR peak associated with implant damage. The higher energy peak in the D, doublet increases in intensity relative to the lower energy peak as TA increases, and for the same TA the relative intensity of the higher energy peak is larger in the co-implanted samples. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. William Paterson Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. RP Jones, KA (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kajones@arl.army.mil NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 201 IS 3 BP 486 EP 496 DI 10.1002/pssa/200306704 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 801FK UT WOS:000220081600018 ER PT J AU Aguilar, A Thompson, JS Calabrese, D Covington, AM Cisneros, C Davis, VT Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Sandstrom, J McLaughlin, BM Pegg, DJ AF Aguilar, A Thompson, JS Calabrese, D Covington, AM Cisneros, C Davis, VT Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Sandstrom, J McLaughlin, BM Pegg, DJ TI Double photodetachment from the Cl- ion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INNER-SHELL PHOTODETACHMENT; 2-ELECTRON PHOTOIONIZATION; AUTOIONIZATION RESONANCES; ATOMIC CHLORINE; CROSS-SECTION; NEGATIVE-IONS; DETACHMENT; THRESHOLD; HE; LI AB The correlated process involving the photodetachment of two electrons from the Cl- ion has been investigated over the photon energy range 20-45 eV. In the experiment, a beam of photons from the Advanced Light Source (ALS) was collinearly merged with a counterpropagating beam of Cl- ions from a sputter ion source. The Cl+ ions produced in the interaction region were detected, and the normalized signal was used to monitor the relative cross section for the reaction. An absolute scale for the cross section was established by measuring the spatial overlap of the two beams and by determining the efficiency for collection and detection of the Cl+ ions. The overall magnitude and shape of the measured cross section for this process agrees well with an R-matrix calculation. The calculation identifies the dominant mechanism leading to the production of the Cl+ ion as being a direct nonresonant process involving the ejection of a pair of electrons from the valence shell. Less important is the indirect nonresonant process that involves the production and decay of core-excited and doubly excited states of the Cl atom in an intermediate step. Direct and indirect resonant mechanisms involving the excitation of a single 3s core electron or more than one valence electron of the Cl- ion were found to be insignificant in the energy range studied. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Sierra Coll, Dept Phys, Rocklin, CA 95677 USA. Lake Tahoe Community Coll, S Lake Tahoe, CA 95150 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. Chalmers, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Gothenburg Univ, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20809 USA. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 69 IS 2 AR 022711 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.69.022711 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 780MZ UT WOS:000189386300070 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Grigolini, P Imholt, T Roberts, J West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Grigolini, P Imholt, T Roberts, J West, BJ TI Solar turbulence in earth's global and regional temperature anomalies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SURFACE AIR-TEMPERATURE; TIME-SERIES; DYNAMICAL-APPROACH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LEVY PROCESSES; CYCLE; CIRCULATION; DIFFUSION; MODULATION; IRRADIANCE AB This paper presents a study of the influence of solar activity on the earth's temperature. In particular, we focus on the repercussion of the fluctuations of the solar irradiance on the temperature of the Northern and Southern hemispheres as well as on land and ocean regions. While solar irradiance data are not directly analyzed, we make use of a published solar irradiance reconstruction for long-time-scale fluctuations, and for short-time-scale fluctuations we hypothesize that solar irradiance and solar flare intermittency are coupled in such a way that the solar flare frequency fluctuations are stochastically equivalent to those of the solar irradiance. The analysis is based upon wavelet multiresolution techniques and scaling analysis methods for processing time series. The limitations of the correlation analysis applied to the short-time-scale fluctuations are discussed. The scaling analysis uses both the standard deviation and the entropy of the diffusion generated by the temperature signals. The joint use of these two scaling methods yields evidence of a Levy component in the temporal persistence of the temperature fluctuations within the temporal range from a few weeks to a few years. This apparent Levy persistence of the temperature fluctuations is found, by using an appropriate model, to be equivalent to the Levy scaling of the solar flare intermittency. The mean monthly temperature data sets cover the period from 1856 to 2002. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Proc chim Fis, Area Ric Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 65 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2004 VL 69 IS 2 AR 026303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.026303 PN 2 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 803UH UT WOS:000220255500048 PM 14995555 ER PT J AU McDowell, G Rupprecht, LA Lasser, HG Heiman, S Lindsay, JH AF McDowell, G Rupprecht, LA Lasser, HG Heiman, S Lindsay, JH TI Some production plating problems & how they were solved - Part 7 SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Allied Res Prod Inc, Baltimore, MD USA. GM Corp, Trenton, NJ USA. USA, Res & Dev Labs, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 USA SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 91 IS 2 BP 11 EP 13 PG 3 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA 777NP UT WOS:000189184700003 ER PT J AU Lumley, LA Robison, CL Slusher, BS Wozniak, K Dawood, M Meyerhoff, JL AF Lumley, LA Robison, CL Slusher, BS Wozniak, K Dawood, M Meyerhoff, JL TI Reduced isolation-induced aggressiveness in mice following NAALADase inhibition SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aggressive behavior; aggression; glutamate; NAALADase; NAAG; isolation; mice ID DIFFERENTIALLY-HOUSED MICE; NMDA RECEPTOR COMPLEX; GLUTAMATE-DECARBOXYLASE ACTIVITY; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; N-ACETYLASPARTYLGLUTAMATE; ANTIDEPRESSANT TREATMENT; FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONISTS; GROUPED MICE; BEHAVIOR; BRAIN AB Rationale. Long-term individual housing increases aggressive behavior in mice, a condition termed isolation-induced aggression; this aggressiveness is reduced by some antidepressants and anxiolytics. NMDA antagonists also inhibit isolation-induced aggression in mice. The enzyme N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) to form glutamate and N-acetylaspartate; NAAG acts as a partial NMDA agonist as well as a full agonist at the presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3), where it acts to reduce glutamate release. Objective. We postulated that NAALADase inhibition would reduce isolation-induced aggression in mice. Methods. We tested whether acute exposure to the NAALADase inhibitor 2-[[hydroxy[2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)methyl]phosphinyl]methyl] pentanedioic acid (GPI-5232), administered 30 min prior to a social interaction test, would inhibit aggressive behavior in SJL mice that had been individually housed long term. Results. Administration of GPI-5232 (30 mg/kg, IP) inhibited initiation of aggressive behavior, indicated by greater latencies to display tail-rattling, attack and biting, and by fewer mice initiating aggressive behavior, compared to mice that received vehicle. In addition, GPI-5232 treated mice had fewer tail-rattling responses to a non-aggressive conspecific. Conclusions. The effectiveness of GPI-5232 in this animal model suggests that NAALADase inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach to reduce or inhibit heightened aggressiveness, and possibly to treat aggressive behavior associated with psychiatric disorders. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurochem & Neuroendocrinol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Guilford Pharmaceut Inc, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Lumley, LA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurochem & Neuroendocrinol, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM lucille.lumley@na.amedd.army.mil OI Robison, Christopher/0000-0001-8693-6149 NR 62 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD FEB PY 2004 VL 171 IS 4 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.1007/s00213-003-1610-z PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 766QU UT WOS:000188387700002 PM 14634711 ER PT J AU Allen, RD Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Lund, DJ Stuck, BE AF Allen, RD Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Lund, DJ Stuck, BE TI Laser-induced macular holes demonstrate impaired choroidal perfusion SO RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 29-MAY 04, 2001 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol ID INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAPHY; HYPERTENSIVE CHOROIDOPATHY; INJURY; RETINA; EXPOSURE; RECOVERY; BURN AB Purpose: To evaluate choroidal perfusion following creation of a laser-induced macular hole in a nonhuman primate model. Methods: Six rhesus monkeys underwent macular exposures delivered by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The lesions were evaluated with fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Results: Each lesion produced vitreous hemorrhage and progressed to a full-thickness macular hole. Indocyanine green angiography revealed no perfusion of the choriocapillaris beneath the lesion centers. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated mild enlargement of the foveal avascular zone due to loss of perifoveal capillaries. Histopathologic evaluation showed replacement of the choriocapillaris with fibroblasts and connective tissue. Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser-induced macular holes result in long-term impairment of choroidal perfusion at the base of the hole due to choroidal scarring and obliteration of the choriocapillaris. Evaluation of choroidal perfusion may be useful in assessment of laser-injured patients. Impairment in choroidal perfusion may have functional implications for surviving photoreceptors. C1 USA Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Brown, J (reprint author), USA Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 7965 Dave Erwin Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM jeremiah.brown@brooks.af.mil NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0275-004X J9 RETINA-J RET VIT DIS JI Retin.-J. Retin. Vitr. Dis. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 24 IS 1 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1097/00006982-200402000-00013 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 778HU UT WOS:000189234200013 PM 15076949 ER PT J AU Ulusarac, O Carter, E AF Ulusarac, O Carter, E TI Varied clinical presentations of Vibrio vulnificus infections: A report of four unusual cases and review of the literature SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID BENECKEA VULNIFICUS; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEPTICEMIA; CIRRHOSIS; FEATURES; OYSTERS; FLORIDA; SEPSIS; SEA AB family Vibrionaceae that is a rare cause of gastroenteritis, septicemia, and wound infections in humans. V. vilnificus is halophilic, flourishes in warm temperatures, and is part of the bacterial flora of the marine environment. The location of our health care setting, on the Gulf of Mexico, has given us the opportunity to observe a wide variety of clinical presentations of infections caused by this organism. In the first case, a 27-year-old man struck by lightning while windsurfing was found pulseless in the water and was resuscitated. The patient subsequently developed cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory failure, and necrotizing fasciitis; blood cultures yielded V. vulnificus. After antibiotic therapy and several fasciotomies, the patient recovered. The second case was that of a 43-year-old Asian man employed as an oyster shucker who presented with complaints of redness, tearing, and photophobia of the right eye. The diagnosis of corneal ulcer secondary to V. vulnificus was made after culture of the right eye revealed the organism. The third case involved a 46-year-old man who presented with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, chills, and bullous lesions on the lower extremities. He developed disseminated intravascular coagulation, and cultures of the lesions on his lower extremities showed V. vulnificus. Initially, the patient denied any exposure to raw seafood or seawater, but he eventually remembered eating raw oysters 3 days before his illness. The fourth case is that of a 32-year-old, human immunodeficiency virus-positive, hepatitis C-positive woman with cirrhosis who presented with productive cough, chills, fever, and red spots on her extremities and buttocks. Blood cultures revealed V. vulnificus and the patient was treated with antibiotics and improved clinically. These four cases illustrate the wide range of clinical presentations associated with this organism. C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Pathol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Carter, E (reprint author), USA, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 2451 Fillingim St, Mobile, AL 36617 USA. EM ecarter@usamail.usouthal.edu NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 97 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000100119.18936.95 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 831CY UT WOS:000222171700013 PM 14982266 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of tetrachlorobutatriene SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequencies; structural parameters; ab initio calculations tetrachlorobutatriene ID PERCHLOROBUTATRIENE; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of tetrachlorobutatriene in D-2h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of the six types of motion (C=C stretch, CCl2 scissors, CCl2 twist, CCl2 wag, CCl2 rock, and C=C=C bend) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 60 IS 3 BP 621 EP 625 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00271-3 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 773GT UT WOS:000188890200018 PM 14747087 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of trichloroboroxine SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequencies; structural parameters; ab initio calculations; trichloroboroxine ID BOROXINE; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of trichloroboroxine (B3O3Cl3) in D-3h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of five types of motion (B-Cl stretch, B-O stretch, B-Cl bend, O-B-O bend, and B(OOCl) umbrella motion) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 60 IS 3 BP 627 EP 635 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00272-5 PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 773GT UT WOS:000188890200019 PM 14747088 ER PT J AU Petrikovics, I Papahadjopoulos, D Hong, K Cheng, TC Baskin, SI Jiang, J Jaszberenyi, JC Logue, BA Szilasi, M McGuinn, WD Way, JL AF Petrikovics, I Papahadjopoulos, D Hong, K Cheng, TC Baskin, SI Jiang, J Jaszberenyi, JC Logue, BA Szilasi, M McGuinn, WD Way, JL TI Comparing therapeutic and prophylactic protection against the lethal effect of paraoxon SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH); OPA anhydrase; paraoxonase; paraoxon antagonism; sterically stabilized liposomes; stealth liposomes; long circulating liposomes; organophorus antagonism; prophylactic; therapeutic ID STERICALLY STABILIZED LIPOSOMES; CARRIER ERYTHROCYTES; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; ENCAPSULATION; THIOSULFATE; ANTAGONISM; QUANTITIES; BINDING; CLONING; MICE AB Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against organophosphorus (OP) intoxication by pralidoxime (2-PAM) and atropine were studied and compared with sterically stabilized long-circulating liposomes encapsulating recombinant organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH), either alone or in various specific combinations, in paraoxon poisoning. Prophylactic and therapeutic properties of atropine and 2-PAM are diminished when they are used alone. However, their prophylactic effects are enhanced when they are used in combination. Present studies indicate that sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) encapsulating recombinant OPH (SL-OPH) alone can provide much better therapeutic and prophylactic protection than the classic 2-PAM + atropine combination. This protection was even more dramatic when SL-OPH was employed in combination with 2-PAM and/or atropine: the magnitude of prophylactic antidotal protection was an astounding 1022 LD50 [920 mg/kg (LD50 of paraoxon with antagonists)/ 0.95 mg/kg (LD50 of control paraoxon)], and the therapeutic antidotal protection was 156 LD50 [140 mg/kg (LD50 of paraoxon with antagonists)/0.9 mg/kg (LD50 of control paraoxon)]. The current study firmly establishes the value of using liposome encapsulating OPH. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Mol & Cellular Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Tech Univ Budapest, H-1010 Debrecen, Hungary. Texas A&M Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med Pharmacol & Toxicol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Med Sch, Dept Pulmonol, H-4031 Debrecen, Hungary. RP Baskin, SI (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,E3100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Steven.Baskin@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 77 IS 2 BP 258 EP 262 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfg185 PG 5 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 774ML UT WOS:000188987000010 PM 12857941 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Macdonald, VW Houchens, DM Hmel, PJ Reid, TJ AF Rentas, FJ Macdonald, VW Houchens, DM Hmel, PJ Reid, TJ TI New insulation technology provides next-generation containers for "iceless" and lightweight transport of RBCs at 1 to 10 degrees C in extreme temperatures for over 78 hours SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID RED-CELLS; BLOOD; 25-DEGREES-C; STORAGE; UNITS AB BACKGROUND: There is a universal need, in both civilian and military settings, for a lightweight container capable of maintaining RBCs at 1 to 10degreesC in remote areas, during extended transit times, and under austere environments. The use of ice in insulated containers or small commercial coolers for these purposes often results in loss of RBCs due to failure to maintain temperatures within the requisite range. A lightweight and thermally efficient container capable of carrying 4 to 6 units of RBCs at 1 to 10degreesC for over 72 hours under extreme conditions would help resolve current problems in RBC transportation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Six different prototype containers incorporating phase-change materials (PCMs) in their designs were evaluated for their ability to maintain RBCs between 1 and 10degreesC while exposed to external temperatures of -24degreesC and 40degreesC. In separate experiments, a container was opened and a RBC unit removed. RESULTS: One container weighing 10 pounds with four units of RBCs was capable of maintaining the temperature of the units between 1 and 10degreesC for over 78 hours, 96 hours, and 120 hours at 40degreesC, -24degreesC, and 23degreesC, respectively. Opening the container decreased these times by 2 to 3 hours. CONCLUSIONS: An energy-efficient and lightweight container that maintains RBCs at 1 to 10degreesC under austere environments for over 78 hours is now available. This container, known as the Golden Hour container (GHC), will facilitate transport of RBCs. The GHC will have additional applications (transport and/or storage of vaccines, other biologics, organs, reagents, etc). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Rentas, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1N61, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM frank.rentas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 210 EP 216 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.00642.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 775RH UT WOS:000189055900011 PM 14962312 ER PT J AU Bolan, CD Yau, YY Cullis, HC Horwitz, ME Mackall, CL Barrett, AJ Malech, HL Rehak, NN Wayne, AS Leitman, SF AF Bolan, CD Yau, YY Cullis, HC Horwitz, ME Mackall, CL Barrett, AJ Malech, HL Rehak, NN Wayne, AS Leitman, SF TI Pediatric large-volume leukapheresis: a single institution experience with heparin versus citrate-based anticoagulant regimens SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD STEM-CELLS; SMALL CHILDREN; 20 KG; APHERESIS; TRANSPLANTATION; COLLECTION; DONOR; PLATELETPHERESIS; MOBILIZATION; PREDICTS AB BACKGROUND: Anticoagulant-associated toxicity may exert significant effects on the safety and efficacy of large-volume leukapheresis (LVL) in children, however, few studies specifically address management of this issue. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Seventy-four consecutive LVL procedures (mean, 4 blood volumes processed) in children weighing less than or equal to 30 kg (minimum, 10.9 kg) were analyzed. The first 21 procedures were evaluated retrospectively; 11 used heparin alone (Group I) and 10 used heparin plus reduced-dose ACD-A (whole blood to anticoagulant ratio greater than or equal to20:1) (Group II). The next 53 procedures were evaluated prospectively and used full-dose ACD-A (whole blood to anticoagulant ratio less than or equal to 13:1), intravenous divalent cation prophylaxis and no heparin; 11 used calcium alone (Group III) followed by 42 with calcium plus magnesium (Group IV). RESULTS: Seventy-four LVL (56 PBPC and 18 MNC) collections were performed in 38 subjects. One donor in Group I experienced a significant groin hematoma at the site of line placement. One donor each in Groups III and IV had mild paresthesias. Despite a mean citrate infusion rate of 2.6 mg per kg per minute, mean postapheresis serum potassium and ionized magnesium and calcium concentrations in Group IV declined by only 9, 8, and 4 percent, respectively, and stable levels of these variables were maintained 24 hours later. Postapheresis PLT counts declined significantly from baseline preapheresis levels in all groups (mean, 52% decrease). CONCLUSIONS: Use of full-dose citrate anticoagulant with prophylactic intravenous divalent cation infusion offers an effective and safe approach to management of anticoagulant-related toxicity in children undergoing LVL. C1 Amer Fluoroseal Corp, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Dept Lab Med, Warren G Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Dept Transfus Med, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Leitman, SF (reprint author), NIAID, Dept Transfus Med, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 1C711, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM sleitman@mail.cc.nih.gov NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 229 EP 238 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.00668.x PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 775RH UT WOS:000189055900013 PM 14962314 ER PT J AU Hopkins, MA Frankenstein, S Thorndike, AS AF Hopkins, MA Frankenstein, S Thorndike, AS TI Formation of an aggregate scale in Arctic sea ice SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE sea ice mechanics; numerical modeling; fracture mechanics ID TENSILE-STRENGTH; LEAD ICE; FRACTURE AB The ice pack covering northern seas is a mixture of thick ridged and rafted ice, undeformed ice, and open water. Conventional Eulerian Arctic sea ice models use a plastic yield surface to characterize the constitutive behavior of the pack. An alternative is to adopt a discontinuous Lagrangian approach and explicitly model the formation of leads and pressure ridges. We use a Lagrangian ice model that consists of thousands of discrete polygonal floes 1-4 km in width. At the beginning of a simulation the ice floes are frozen together in a square domain. We apply a linearly varying wind stress that deforms the pack by stretching the viscous-elastic joints between adjacent floes. Fractures propagate along joints forming a crack pattern in the model ice pack. The crack pattern defines a system of large plates 10-100 km in width that are aggregates of many individual floes. The average size of the plates is determined by a competition between the rate of crack creation and the speed of the relaxation wave that travels outward from a newly broken joint and reduces stresses in the surrounding pack. Simulation results are used to characterize the formation of the aggregate structure and to determine how the rate of crack creation and the average area of the aggregate plates depends on tensile strength, the wind stress gradient, and the size of the individual floes. After the formation of the aggregate-scale plate structure, subsequent deformation occurs at the plate boundaries. Since the usual state of the ice pack is a state of failure, an interesting situation is created in which the initial wind-driven deformation creates the material conditions or aggregate structure under which subsequent deformation occurs. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Puget Sound, Dept Phys, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA. RP Hopkins, MA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM mark.a.hopkins@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 16 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 31 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C1 AR C01032 DI 10.1029/2003JC001855 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 772XM UT WOS:000188868100005 ER PT J AU Feig, M Onufriev, A Lee, MS Im, W Case, DA Brooks, CL AF Feig, M Onufriev, A Lee, MS Im, W Case, DA Brooks, CL TI Performance comparison of generalized born and Poisson methods in the calculation of electrostatic solvation energies for protein structures SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE continuum dielectric; implicit solvation ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; IMPLICIT SOLVENT MODELS; BOUNDARY-ELEMENT METHOD; ATOM FORCE-FIELD; BOLTZMANN EQUATION; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; CONTINUUM ELECTROSTATICS; DIELECTRIC MEDIUM; EXPLICIT SOLVENT; SURFACE AB This study compares generalized Born (GB) and Poisson (PB) methods for calculating electrostatic solvation energies of proteins. A large set of GB and PB implementations from our own laboratories as well as others is applied to a series of protein structure test sets for evaluating the performance of these methods. The test sets cover a significant range of native protein structures of varying size, fold topology, and amino acid composition as well as normative extended and misfolded structures that may be found during structure prediction and folding/unfolding studies. We find that the methods tested here span a wide range from highly accurate and computationally demanding PB-based methods to somewhat less accurate but more affordable GB-based approaches and a few fast, approximate PB solvers. Compared with PB solvation energies, the latest, most accurate GB implementations were found to achieve errors of 1% for relative solvation energies between different proteins and 0.4% between different conformations of the same protein. This compares to accurate PB solvers that produce results with deviations of less than 0.25% between each other for both native and normative structures. The performance of the best GB methods is discussed in more detail for the application for force field-based minimizations or molecular dynamics simulations. C1 Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Brooks, CL (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR12255]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM57513] NR 100 TC 320 Z9 323 U1 1 U2 34 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 30 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 265 EP 284 DI 10.1002/jcc.10378 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 757JD UT WOS:000187558500012 PM 14648625 ER PT J AU Lee, SL Doxbeck, M Mueller, J Cipollo, M Cote, P AF Lee, SL Doxbeck, M Mueller, J Cipollo, M Cote, P TI Texture, structure and phase transformation in sputter beta tantalum coating SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE beta tantalum; tetragonal tantalum; magnetron sputter deposition; structure; texture; phase transformation; hot hardness ID THIN-FILMS; TA FILMS; EVOLUTION; URANIUM; SILICON; SITU AB Structural properties of tantalum are of interest because of its potential application in high temperature wear and erosion. In this paper, we report on beta tantalum coatings, which were sputter-deposited onto inner surface of steel cylinders, and flat steel and glass plates. Two forms of beta tantalum coatings were generally observed: high (002) fiber-texture at low sputter gas pressure, and more random oriented beta tantalum at higher sputter gas pressure. Two-dimensional XRD and pole figure analyses showed both belong to the same tetragonal structure. Structure simulation was made using a tetragonal cell, a= 1.0194 nm, c = 0.5313 mn, space group P4(2)/mnm and a very similar cell, a= 1.0211 urn, c=0.53064 nm, space group P-421m by Frank-Kasper (1958, 1959) and Arakcheeva (2002). Diffraction pattern generated using the former space group allows (001) reflections for even 1, while the latter allows both even and odd (001) reflections. The latter model provides better interpretation of our data. Upon annealing, the (002) grains in random oriented tantalum became unstable at 300 degreesC, and complete beta to alpha tantalum phase transformation occurred at similar to750 degreesC, resulting in alpha tantalum with 0 10) preferred orientation. In highly textured (002) beta tantalum, hot hardness measurements showed hardness decreased drastically between 250 and 350 degreesC to hardness values of alpha tantalum, suggesting a phase transformation approximately 300 degreesC. XRD data showed partial beta to alpha phase transformation and re-orientation of the (002)-grains at 100 degreesC, and was more intense at 300 degreesC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Lee, SL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. EM sabrilee@pica.army.mil NR 26 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JAN 30 PY 2004 VL 177 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.008 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 775JZ UT WOS:000189038100008 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Park, YD Abernathy, CR Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Kim, J Ren, R Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Pearton, SJ Park, YD Abernathy, CR Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Kim, J Ren, R Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Ferromagnetism in GaN and SiC doped with transition metals SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE ferromagnetism; photonic devices; transition metals ID ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS; (GA,MN)N AB Recent results on achieving ferromagnetism in transition metal-doped GaN, SiC and related materials are discussed. While current generations of semiconductor electronic and photonic devices utilize the charge on electrons and holes in order to perform their specific functionality such as signal processing or light emission, the field of semiconductor spintronics seeks to exploit the spin of charge carriers in new generations of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors. There is strong potential for new classes of ultra-low power, high-speed memory, logic and photonic devices. The utility of such devices depends on the availability of materials with practical magnetic ordering temperatures and most theories predict that the Curie temperature will be a strong function of bandgap. Here we review the field of wide bandgap dilute magnetic semiconductors, such as GaN, SiC and related materials, exhibiting room temperature ferromagnetism, the origins of the magnetism and its potential applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rhines Hall,POB 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013 OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432; NR 35 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JAN 30 PY 2004 VL 447 SI SI BP 493 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.07.012 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 774QY UT WOS:000188995700087 ER PT J AU Kabadi, VN Rice, BM AF Kabadi, VN Rice, BM TI Molecular dynamics simulations of normal mode vibrational energy transfer in liquid nitromethane SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID INFLUENCE FUNCTIONAL THEORY; HIGHLY EXCITED MOLECULES; HOT-SPOT FORMATION; TRANSFER RATES; AB-INITIO; UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SOLID NITROMETHANE; NITRITE REARRANGEMENT; IMPACT SENSITIVITIES AB Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to study vibrational energy relaxation (VER) in liquid nitromethane after excitation of the C-H stretching vibrations. The simulated liquid consists of a mixture of excited and unexcited molecules, where the unexcited molecules were used to monitor excitation of the bath upon vibrational relaxation of the excited molecules. A previously developed projection method (Raff, L. M. J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 89, 5680) was employed to monitor the normal-mode kinetic energies of vibrations in both excited and unexcited molecules as functions of time. Overall, the results are in qualitative agreement with experimental measurements of VER in liquid nitromethane after mid-IR excitation in the C-H stretching region (Deak, J. C., Iwaki, L. K., Dlott, D. D. J. Phys. Chem. A 1999, 103, 97 1). The simulation results indicate that the excited C-H stretching vibrations deposit energy predominantly into the remaining vibrations in the molecules. These vibrations relax at different rates, resulting in a multistage vibrational cooling process for nitromethane, in agreement with experimental results. The excitation of vibrations of the surrounding unexcited molecules occurs through indirect rather than direct intermolecular vibrational energy transfer processes, also in agreement with experiment. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 81 TC 29 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 29 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 4 BP 532 EP 540 DI 10.1021/jp035975v PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 768GQ UT WOS:000188535600003 ER PT J AU Marcy, SM Kohl, KS Dagan, R Nalin, D Blum, M Jones, MC Hansen, J Labadie, J Lee, L Martin, BL O'Brien, K Rothstein, E Vermeer, P AF Marcy, SM Kohl, KS Dagan, R Nalin, D Blum, M Jones, MC Hansen, J Labadie, J Lee, L Martin, BL O'Brien, K Rothstein, E Vermeer, P CA Brighton Collaboration Fever Worki TI Fever as an adverse event following immunization: case definition and guidelines of data collection, analysis, and presentation SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE fever; adverse events following immunization; case definition; guidelines ID TYMPANIC MEMBRANE TEMPERATURES; INFRARED EAR THERMOMETRY; RECTAL TEMPERATURE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; NEWBORN-INFANTS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; AXILLARY; PALPATION; DIFFERENCE; ACCURACY C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Soroka Med Ctr, IL-84101 Beer Sheva, Israel. Merck & Co Inc, West Point, PA USA. Wyeth Res, Collegeville, PA USA. Calif DHS Immunizat Branch, Berkeley, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente Hlth Care Program, Oakland, CA USA. Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Ctr Lareb, sHertogenbosch, Netherlands. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Pennridge Pediat Associates, Sellersville, PA USA. Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Basel, Childrens Hosp, Basel, Switzerland. RP Kohl, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM secretariat@brightoncollaboration.org NR 62 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 26 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 5-6 BP 551 EP 556 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.09.007 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 775YB UT WOS:000189087300002 PM 14741143 ER PT J AU Tappin, SJ Buffington, A Cooke, MP Eyles, CJ Hick, PP Holladay, PE Jackson, BV Johnston, JC Kuchar, T Mizuno, D Mozer, JB Price, S Radick, RR Simnett, GM Sinclair, D Waltham, NR Webb, DF AF Tappin, SJ Buffington, A Cooke, MP Eyles, CJ Hick, PP Holladay, PE Jackson, BV Johnston, JC Kuchar, T Mizuno, D Mozer, JB Price, S Radick, RR Simnett, GM Sinclair, D Waltham, NR Webb, DF TI Tracking a major interplanetary disturbance with SMEI SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present the first clear observations of an Earth-directed interplanetary disturbance tracked by the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI). We find that this event can be related to two halo CMEs seen at the Sun about 2 days earlier, and which merged in transit to 1 AU. The disturbance was seen about 16 hours before it reached Earth, and caused a severe geomagnetic storm at the time which would have been predicted had SMEI been operating as a real-time monitor. It is concluded that SMEI is capable of giving many hours advance warning of the possible arrival of interplanetary disturbances. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif San Diego, CASS, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. USA, Res Lab, Space Vehicle Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. Boston Coll, ISR, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci, Chilton, England. RP Tappin, SJ (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM sjt@star.sr.bham.ac.uk NR 5 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 2 AR L02802 DI 10.1029/2003GL018766 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 769VY UT WOS:000188671500003 ER PT J AU Resio, DT Long, CE Vincent, CL AF Resio, DT Long, CE Vincent, CL TI Equilibrium-range constant in wind-generated wave spectra SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE waves; ocean waves; wave spectra; nonlinear waves; air-sea interactions; equilibrium range ID GRAVITY-WAVES; SURFACE-WAVES; DEPTH; EVOLUTION; WATER AB The equilibrium range in wind-driven wave spectra is characterized to have an f(-4) form in deep water (k(-5/2) shallow-water form). Absolute energy levels for six physically diverse sites are shown to be well fit by an expression involving the wind speed measured at a fraction of a wavelength above the sea surface in combination with the phase speed of the spectral peak. Observed energy levels suggest that nonlinear wave-wave interactions are capable of maintaining the observed energy-flux balance in the equilibrium range. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Off Naval Res, Coastal Dynam Program, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Resio, DT (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM donald.t.resio@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 27 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 22 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C1 AR C01018 DI 10.1029/2003JC001788 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 769WL UT WOS:000188672700001 ER PT J AU Sun, G Palazzolo, AB Provenza, A Montague, G AF Sun, G Palazzolo, AB Provenza, A Montague, G TI Detailed ball bearing model for magnetic suspension auxiliary service SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB Catcher bearings (CBs) provide backup protection for rotating machines with active magnetic bearings (AMBs). The CBs are required in the event of an AMB failure or high transient loads. Numerical simulations of a rotor drop on CBs in flywheel energy storage system are conducted with a detailed CB model which includes a Hertzian load-deflection relationship between mechanical contacts, speed-and-preload-dependent bearing stiffness due to centrifugal force, and a Palmgren's drag friction torque. The transient simulation results show the rotor shaft response variations with the design parameters: shaft/bearing friction coefficients, axial preload, support damping of damper liner, and side loads from magnetic bearings. The results reveal that friction coefficients, support damping, and side loads are critical parameters to satisfy CB design objectives and prevent backward (super) whirl. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NASA, USA, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Sun, G (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 100 Engn Phys Bldg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM sungy@tamu.edu NR 20 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD JAN 22 PY 2004 VL 269 IS 3-5 BP 933 EP 963 DI 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00207-4 PG 31 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 764EU UT WOS:000188195100026 ER PT J AU Cummings, DAT Irizarry, RA Huang, NE Endy, TP Nisalak, A Ungchusak, K Burke, DS AF Cummings, DAT Irizarry, RA Huang, NE Endy, TP Nisalak, A Ungchusak, K Burke, DS TI Travelling waves in the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Thailand SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; PARENTERAL INFECTION; AEDES-AEGYPTI; DISEASE; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; VIRUSES; PREY AB Dengue fever is a mosquito- borne virus that infects 50 - 100 million people each year(1). Of these infections, 200,000 - 500,000 occur as the severe, life- threatening form of the disease, dengue haemorrhagic fever ( DHF)(2). Large, unanticipated epidemics of DHF often overwhelm health systems(3). An understanding of the spatial - temporal pattern of DHF incidence would aid the allocation of resources to combat these epidemics. Here we examine the spatial - temporal dynamics of DHF incidence in a data set describing 850,000 infections occurring in 72 provinces of Thailand during the period 1983 to 1997. We use the method of empirical mode decomposition(4) to show the existence of a spatial - temporal travelling wave in the incidence of DHF. We observe this wave in a three- year periodic component of variance, which is thought to reflect host pathogen population dynamics(5,6). The wave emanates from Bangkok, the largest city in Thailand, moving radially at a speed of 148 km per month. This finding provides an important starting point for detecting and characterizing the key processes that contribute to the spatial - temporal dynamics of DHF in Thailand. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Hydrospher Proc, Oceans & Ice Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Burke, DS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dburke@jhsph.edu OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 24 TC 237 Z9 246 U1 5 U2 32 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 22 PY 2004 VL 427 IS 6972 BP 344 EP 347 DI 10.1038/nature02225 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 765KE UT WOS:000188266200039 PM 14737166 ER PT J AU Swenson, DL Warfield, KL Kuehl, K Larsen, T Hevey, MC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S Aman, MJ AF Swenson, DL Warfield, KL Kuehl, K Larsen, T Hevey, MC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S Aman, MJ TI Generation of Marburg virus-like particles by co-expression of glycoprotein and matrix protein SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; EBOLA-VIRUS; VP40; VACCINES; PROTECTION; PRECURSOR; INFECTION; RELEASE; BINDING; GENES AB Marburg virus (MARV), the causative agent of a severe hemorrhagic fever, has a characteristic filamentous morphology. Here we report that co-expression of MARV glycoprotein and matrix protein (VP40) in mammalian cells leads to spontaneous budding of filamentous particles strikingly similar to wild-type MARV. In addition, these particles elicit an immune response in BALB/c mice. The generation of non-replicating Marburg virus-like particles (VLPs) should significantly facilitate the research on molecular mechanisms of MARV assembly and release. Furthermore, VLPs may be an excellent vaccine candidate against Marburg infection. (C) 2003 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM bavaris@ncifcrf.gov; amanm@ncifcrf.gov NR 27 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JAN 15 PY 2004 VL 40 IS 1 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00273-6 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 769FL UT WOS:000188615700003 PM 14734183 ER PT J AU McQuaid, MJ Sun, H Rigby, D AF McQuaid, MJ Sun, H Rigby, D TI Development and validation of COMPASS force field parameters for molecules with aliphatic azide chains SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE azides; COMPASS force field; fuel properties; propellant properties ID HYDRAZOIC ACID; ORGANIC AZIDES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; DENSITY; SPECTRA; WATER; HN3 AB To establish force-field-based (molecular) modeling capability that will accurately predict condensed-phase thermophysical properties for materials containing aliphatic azide chains, potential parameters for atom types unique to such chains have been developed and added to the COMPASS force field. The development effort identified the need to define four new atom types: one for each of the three azide nitrogen atoms and one for the carbon atom bonded to the azide. Calculations performed with the expanded force field yield (gas-phase) molecular structures and vibrational frequencies for hydrazoic acid, azidomethane, and the anti and gauche forms of azidoethane in good agreement with values determined experimentally and/or through computational quantum mechanics. Liquid densities calculated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were also in good agreement with published values for 13 of 15 training set compounds, the exceptions being hydrazoic acid and azidomethane. Of the 13 compounds whose densities are well simulated, nine have experimentally determined heats of vaporization reported in the open literature, and in all of these cases. MD simulated values for this property are in reasonable agreement with the published values. Simulations with the force field also yielded reasonable density estimates for a series of 2-azidoethanamines that have been synthesized and tested for use as hydrazine-alternative fuels. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Aeon Technol Inc, San Diego, CA 92129 USA. Accelrys Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP McQuaid, MJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcquaid@arl.army.mil NR 36 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 4 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1002/jcc.10316 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 753DC UT WOS:000187215800006 PM 14634994 ER PT J AU Suwanarusk, R Cooke, BM Dondorp, AM Silamut, K Sattabongkot, J White, NJ Udomsangpetch, R AF Suwanarusk, R Cooke, BM Dondorp, AM Silamut, K Sattabongkot, J White, NJ Udomsangpetch, R TI The deformability of red blood cells parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum and P-vivax SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CAVEOLA-VESICLE COMPLEXES; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; MALARIAL PROTEINS; MEMBRANE; ADHESION; CULTURE; FLOW AB Red blood cells (RBCs) must deform considerably during their multiple passages through the microvasculature and the sinusoids of the spleen. RBCs infected with Plasmodium falciparum (Pf-IRBCs) become increasingly rigid as they mature but avoid splenic clearance by sequestering in venules and capillaries. In contrast, RBCs infected with P. vivax (Pv-IRBCs) do not sequester. We compared the effects of P. vivax and P. falciparum infection on RBC deformability in a laminar shear flow system. Pf-IRBCs became more rigid as the parasite matured, but equivalent maturation of Pv-IRBCs resulted in a doubling of flexibility. Coincidentally, the IRBC surface area increased from 56.7 +/- 1.3 mum(2) to 74.7 +/- 0.6 mum(2) to 90.9 +/- 1.1 mum(2) in ring-, trophozoite-, and schizont-stage Pv-IRBCs, respectively, whereas Pf-IRBCs did not increase in size. P. vivax increases the deformability of IRBCs and thereby avoids splenic entrapment. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Technol, Dept Parasitol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Parkville, Vic, Australia. Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford, England. RP Udomsangpetch, R (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM scrud@mahidol.ac.th RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012; Suwanarusk, Rossarin/E-2115-2013 OI Suwanarusk, Rossarin/0000-0002-7310-245X NR 15 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 2 BP 190 EP 194 DI 10.1086/380468 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 763QD UT WOS:000188097900004 PM 14722882 ER PT J AU Petrovics, G Zhang, W Makarem, M Street, JP Connelly, R Sun, L Sesterhenn, IA Srikantan, V Moul, JW Srivastava, S AF Petrovics, G Zhang, W Makarem, M Street, JP Connelly, R Sun, L Sesterhenn, IA Srikantan, V Moul, JW Srivastava, S TI Elevated expression of PCGEM1, a prostate-specific gene with cell growth-promoting function, is associated with high-risk prostate cancer patients SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE PCGEM1; prostate-specific gene; prostate cancer; high-risk patients; cell proliferation ID VIRUS-INDUCED LYMPHOMAS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; NONCODING RNA; PHOSPHORYLATION; OVEREXPRESSION; INSERTIONS; RACEMASE; MARKERS; SITES AB PCGEM1 is a novel, highly prostate tissue-specific, androgen-regulated gene. Here, we demonstrate that PCGEM1 expression is significantly higher in prostate cancer (CaP) cells of African-American men than in Caucasian-American men (P=0.0002). Further, increased PCGEM1 expression associates with normal prostate epithelial cells of CaP patients with a family history of CaP (P=0.0400). PCGEM1 overexpression in LNCaP and in NIH3T3 cells promotes cell proliferation and a dramatic increase in colony formation, suggesting a biological role of PCGEM1 in cell growth regulation. Taken together, the cell proliferation/colony formation-promoting functions of PCGEM1 and the association of its increased expression with high-risk CaP patients suggest the potential roles of PCGEM1 in CaP onset/progression, especially in these high-risk groups. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Petrovics, G (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM gpetrovics@cpdr.org FU NCI NIH HHS [1R01CA85596-01] NR 33 TC 121 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JAN 15 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 2 BP 605 EP 611 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1207069 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 763QH UT WOS:000188098300032 PM 14724589 ER PT J AU Der, S Chan, A Nasrabadi, N Kwon, H AF Der, S Chan, A Nasrabadi, N Kwon, H TI Automated vehicle detection in forward-looking infrared imagery SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TARGET RECOGNITION AB We describe an algorithm for the detection and clutter rejection of military vehicles in forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imagery. The detection algorithm is designed to be a prescreener that selects regions for further analysis and uses a spatial anomaly approach that looks for target-sized regions of the image that differ in texture, brightness, edge strength, or other spatial characteristics. The features are linearly combined to form a confidence image that is thresholded to find likely target locations. The clutter rejection portion uses target-specific information extracted from training samples to reduce the false alarms of the detector. The outputs of the clutter rejecter and detector are combined by a higher-level evidence integrator to improve performance over simple concatenation of the detector and clutter rejecter. The algorithm has been applied to a large number of FLIR imagery sets, and some of these results are presented here. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM sder@ragu.arl.mil NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 2 BP 333 EP 348 DI 10.1364/AO.43.000333 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 762TN UT WOS:000187998400015 PM 14735953 ER PT J AU Buskila, K Towito, S Shmuel, E Levi, R Kopeika, N Krapels, K Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Halford, CE AF Buskila, K Towito, S Shmuel, E Levi, R Kopeika, N Krapels, K Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Halford, CE TI Atmospheric modulation transfer function in the infrared SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB In high-resolution ultranarrow field-of-view thermal imagers, image quality over relatively long path lengths is typically limited by atmospheric degradation, especially atmospheric blur. We report our results and analyses of infrared images from two sites, Fort A. P. Hill and Aberdeen Proving Ground. The images are influenced by the various atmospheric phenomena: scattering, absorption, and turbulence. A series of experiments with high-resolution equipment in both the 3-5- and 8-13-mum regions at the two locations indicate that, as in the visible, image quality is limited much more by atmosphere than by the instrumentation for ranges even of the order of only a few kilometers. For paths close to the ground, turbulence is more dominant, whereas for paths involving higher average elevation, aerosol modulation transfer function (MTF) is dominant. As wavelength increases, turbulence MTF also increases, thus permitting aerosol MTF to become more dominant. A critical role in aerosol MTF in the thermal infrared is attributed to absorption, which noticeably decreases atmospheric transmission much more than in the visible, thereby reducing high-spatial-frequency aerosol MTF. These measurements indicate that atmospheric MTF should be a basic component in imaging system design and analysis even in the infrared, especially as higher-resolution hardware becomes available. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, POB 653, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. EM kopeika@ee.bgu.ac.il RI Kopeika, N/F-1310-2012 NR 9 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 2 BP 471 EP 482 DI 10.1364/AO.43.000471 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 762TN UT WOS:000187998400028 PM 14735966 ER PT J AU Duffy, PE Mutabingwa, TK AF Duffy, PE Mutabingwa, TK TI Drug combinations for malaria: time to ACT? SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ARTEMISININ; AMODIAQUINE; ARTESUNATE; QINGHAOSU; INVITRO C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Gates Malaria Partnership, London WC1, England. Natl Inst Med Res, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Duffy, PE (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, 4 Nickerson St, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 8 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JAN 3 PY 2004 VL 363 IS 9402 BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15230-0 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 758YZ UT WOS:000187711300003 PM 14723982 ER PT J AU Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME Fatemi, M AF Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME Fatemi, M TI Resistivity control in unintentionally doped GaN films grown by MOCVD SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE compensation; impurities; threading dislocations; metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; semiconducting gallium nitride ID N-TYPE GAN; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; GALLIUM NITRIDE; THREADING-EDGE; BUFFER LAYER; MOVPE; INTERFACE; SAPPHIRE; DECOMPOSITION; SPECTROSCOPY AB The relationship of GaN resistivity to film microstructure and impurity compensation are investigated using transmission electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and resistance measurements. Unintentionally doped GaN films grown by MOCVD at varying pressures exhibit increased grain size, reduced carbon and oxygen impurity incorporation, reduction in the density of threading dislocations (TDs) with an edge component, and reduced resistivity with increasing growth pressure. Variation in resistivity over eight orders of magnitude is observed as a result of varying the MOCVD growth pressure in a controlled experiment. Our results suggest that disclocations play an important role in the resistivity of GaN. Evidence is presented of impurities segregating at TDs having an edge component, and acting as compensating centers. The control of such compensation as a function of MOCVD growth conditions is outlined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wickenden, AE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 33 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN 2 PY 2004 VL 260 IS 1-2 BP 54 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.08.024 PG 9 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 759GM UT WOS:000187730000009 ER PT J AU Grenfell, TC Perovich, DK AF Grenfell, TC Perovich, DK TI Seasonal and spatial evolution of albedo in a snow-ice-land-ocean environment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE sea ice; lake ice; tundra; albedo evolution; spectral albedo; solar energy input ID ARCTIC SEA-ICE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SPECTRAL ALBEDO; VISIBLE-LIGHT; MODEL; COVER; REFLECTION; ABSORPTION; AEROSOLS AB [1] In the course of a program studying Arctic coastal processes we have investigated the albedos for the range of surfaces in the region and their response to seasonal changes in a land-ice-ocean regime near Barrow, Alaska. From April through June in the years 2000, 2001, and 2002, spectral and wavelength-integrated albedos were measured along 200-m survey lines. These lines were installed at four sites and included sea ice, lagoon ice, fresh ice, and tundra. Initially, all sites were completely snow-covered, and the albedo was high (0.8 - 0.85) and spatially uniform. The concentration of absorptive contaminants in the snow was enough to produce a slight reduction below the pure snow values. As the melt season progressed, albedos decreased at all sites. The decrease was greatest and most rapid at the tundra site, where the albedo dropped from 0.8 to 0.15 in only 2 weeks. The spectral signature also changed as the wavelength of maximum albedo at the tundra site shifted from 500 nm for snow to 1100 nm for vegetation. As the snow cover melted, there was rapid and extensive ponding, resulting in a decrease of the spatially averaged, wavelength-integrated albedo from 0.6 to 0.2 in only 5 days. Extensive pond drainage and below-freezing temperatures caused the albedo to rebound briefly to 0.55 before resuming a steady decrease. Comparison of these results with data collected in the centralArctic show that albedos of fast ice in the coastal regime evolve significantly faster than pack ice albedos. Interannual seasonal variations showed additional melting phases that might be expected during protracted warming. The albedo evolution in the coastal lagoon was different each of the 3 years because of variations in sediment loading of the ice during freeze-up and in the melt/ freeze pattern the following spring. The record early melt in May 2002 followed by a pronounced freezing event 2 weeks later produced a distinct melt regime that gave rise to reduced melt pond coverage and higher albedo. Such events provide insight into processes associated with the melt ponds that will be important for modeling sea ice in a warming climate. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. ERDC, CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Grenfell, TC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM tcg@atmos.washington.edu NR 33 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 2 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C1 AR C01001 DI 10.1029/2003JC001866 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 765LC UT WOS:000188284100001 ER PT J AU Bajpai, R Parekh, D Herrmann, S Popovic, M Paca, J Qasim, M AF Bajpai, R Parekh, D Herrmann, S Popovic, M Paca, J Qasim, M TI A kinetic model of aqueous-phase alkali hydrolysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE mathematical model; hydroxyl ions; activation energy; rate expression; simulation; pH ID HIGHLY CONTAMINATED SOILS AB Alkali hydrolysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was studied using batch experiments with starting pH values 11 and 12 in glass conical flasks covered with aluminum foil. Isothermal (25 and 40degreesC) as well as non-isothermal experiments were conducted. Experiments starting at pH 12 resulted in >95% reduction in the concentration of TNT; those starting at pH 11 had a maximum reduction of 20-25% in TNT concentration. In all the experiments, one major stable intermediate was produced but it could not be identified. The experimental data were used to determine the overall stoichiometry of TNT and hydroxyl ions. Approximately 100 mol (standard deviation 11.4) of hydroxyl ions were consistently consumed per mole of TNT. However, control experiments showed that all but 13 mol (standard deviation 2) of hydroxyl ions were consumed in reactions not related to TNT. A simple kinetic model involving formation of the intermediate was proposed to account for changes in concentrations of TNT and hydroxyl ions. The rate constants and activation energies of the reactions were identified using isothermal data and the kinetic model was then used to predict the experimental data in the non-isothermal experiments reasonably well. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Inst Chem Technol, CR-16628 Prague, Czech Republic. TFH Berlin, FB V, Studiengang Biotechnol, D-13347 Berlin, Germany. RP Bajpai, R (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem Engn, W2061 EBE, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bajpair@missouri.edu NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JAN 2 PY 2004 VL 106 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2003.09.002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 773ZJ UT WOS:000188955000005 PM 14693437 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Foster, DL Ervin, MH Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Foster, DL Ervin, MH Jow, TR TI Microporous gel electrolyte Li-ion battery SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE poly(vinylidene fluoride); microporous membrane; gel polymer electrolyte; phase inversion; separator ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE; PHASE INVERSION MEMBRANES; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; CONDUCTIVITY; MECHANISM; CELLS AB This paper describes the fabrication and performance of microporous gel electrolyte (MGE) Li-ion batteries. Fabrication of the MGE battery includes three steps: (1) making a microporous membrane separator by the phase inversion method, (2) activating the battery with a liquid electrolyte, and (3) forming MGE in situ by cycling the battery. The MGE contains three phases: liquid electrolyte, gel electrolyte, and a polymer matrix. MGE has advantages of high ionic conductivity, good adhesion to the electrodes, and good mechanical strength. In this work, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer was used as the polymer matrix, and a solution of 1.0 m LiBF4 dissolved in 1:3 (wt.) mixture of ethylene carbonate and gamma-butyrolactone was used as liquid electrolyte. Typically, a MGE gelled with 120 wt.% of liquid electrolyte shows an ionic conductivity of 3.4 mS/cm at 20degreesC and the resulting battery can withstand high temperature (60degreesC) operation with low capacity fading. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 20 TC 41 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JAN 2 PY 2004 VL 125 IS 1 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.07.008 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 762CG UT WOS:000187952300015 ER PT J AU Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Pitt, MLM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP AF Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Pitt, MLM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP TI Defining a serological correlate of protection in rabbits for a recombinant anthrax vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; serological correlate; rabbits ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; LETHAL FACTOR; INHALATION ANTHRAX; TOXIN; ANTIGEN; PATHOLOGY; EFFICACY; PURIFICATION; IMMUNIZATION; MACROPHAGES AB In these studies, a serological correlate of protection against anthrax was identified in New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits that had been given one or two injections of various amounts of recombinant protective antigen (rPA) combined with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant (Alhydrogel). Rabbits were subsequently challenged by the aerosol route with spores of the Ames isolate of Bacillus anthracis. Results suggested that the antibody response, as determined by the quantitative anti-rPA IgG ELISA and toxin neutralizing antibody (TNA) assay, were significant predictors (P < 0.0015) of protection against a B. anthracis aerosol spore challenge in rabbits. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Res Plans & Programs Off, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 129 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 2 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3-4 BP 422 EP 430 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.07.004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 765UF UT WOS:000188301600017 PM 14670324 ER PT B AU Hamm, CK Kennedy, MR Wu, TT Phillips, JS AF Hamm, CK Kennedy, MR Wu, TT Phillips, JS BE Long, R Antani, S Lee, DJ Nutter, B Zhang, M TI An operational data store for reporting clinical practice guideline adherence in chronic disease patients SO 17TH IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems CY JUN 24-25, 2004 CL Bethesda, MD SP IEEEComp Soc, tccm, Texas Tech Univ Coll Engn ID OUTCOMES; CARE AB An operational data store was designed to extract, load and transform data contained in a transactional outcomes management database. The system was designed to be easily updatable from the production environment, and provide rapid, widely accessible reporting capabilities. Clinical practice guideline success data, patient-reported outcomes measures, and clinical patient data were collected from many systems to populate the data warehouse and data store. Five years of patient data in the Walter Reed Health Care System have been loaded, and refreshed on an on-going periodic basis. Reporting tools enabled users to drill down from the hospital, to clinic, to provider level for compliance measures, success rates, and various other metrics. The operational data store helped the Walter Reed Health Care System achieve certification in six disease-specific care Certifications of Distinction from the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Decis Support Ctr HealtheForces, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hamm, CK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Decis Support Ctr HealtheForces, DMAO Bldg 2,Room 2J11,6900Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2104-5 PY 2004 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1109/CBMS.2004.1311695 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BAN73 UT WOS:000222998000015 ER PT B AU Misra, S Swami, A Tong, L AF Misra, S Swami, A Tong, L GP ieee TI Cutoff rate analysis of the Gauss-Markov fading channel with adaptive energy allocation SO 2003 4TH IEEE WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS - SPAWC 2003 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC) CY JUN 15-18, 2003 CL ROME, ITALY SP IEEE AB We use the cutoff rate to analyze reliable rates over the first-order Guass-Markov fading channel when an optimized pilot-symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) scheme is used to provide partial CSI to the receiver. The transmitter uses BPSK modulation, and has knowledge of the SNR at the receiver and the normalized doppler spread only. Under an average energy constraint, closed form expressions are found for the optimal training and data energies, for both the adaptive and non-adaptive cases. For the non-adaptive case, a lower bound on the optimal training period, which is exact at moderate to high SNR, is given. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7858-X PY 2004 BP 388 EP 392 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BAL54 UT WOS:000222683700083 ER PT B AU Tzeng, JT AF Tzeng, JT BE Fair, HD TI Structural mechanics for electromagnetic rail guns SO 2004 12TH SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 25-28, 2004 CL Snowbird, UT SP Off Naval Res Int Field Off, USA Res Lab AB The objective of this investigation is to explore potential designs and appropriate materials for a lightweight fieldable electromagnetic rail gun. Lessons learned from the previous launcher designs are reviewed and discussed from a mechanics point of view. Analyses are performed with a conceptually workable gun bore to illustrate the requirement of a fieldable gun construction. Both static and dynamic responses of the rail gun are discussed. The study provides a fundamental understanding for developing a fieldable rail gun in terms of mechanics and material requirement. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tzeng, JT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8290-0 PY 2004 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1109/ELT.2004.1398060 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BBT10 UT WOS:000227664800024 ER PT B AU Beyer, RA Pesce-Rodriguez, RA AF Beyer, RA Pesce-Rodriguez, RA BE Fair, HD TI The response of propellants to plasma radiation SO 2004 12TH SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 25-28, 2004 CL Snowbird, UT SP Off Naval Res Int Field Off, USA Res Lab AB Experiments have been done in which standard and research propellants were exposed to the visible and infrared light from a high-energy plasma discharge. Measurements of mass lost by the sample, analysis of the infrared spectra of evolved gases, and optical microscopy have been used to characterize the response. In addition, the response for graphite-free JA2 conditioned to hot and cold temperatures has shown that the magnitude of the response for this material is stronger for hot samples. Overall the samples show strong response when the light can penetrate farther into the samples; the response is limited to a thin layer at the surface for composite propellants. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Beyer, RA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8290-0 PY 2004 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1109/ELT.2004.1398089 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BBT10 UT WOS:000227664800053 ER PT B AU Schroeder, MA Beyer, RA Pesce-Rodriguez, RA AF Schroeder, MA Beyer, RA Pesce-Rodriguez, RA BE Fair, HD TI Scanning electron microscope examination of JA2 propellant samples exposed to plasma radiation SO 2004 12TH SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY MAY 25-28, 2004 CL Snowbird, UT SP Off Naval Res Int Field Off, USA Res Lab AB Some plasma-exposed samples of transparent (graphite-free) JA2 propellant were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the plasma-exposed surface of these samples was covered with humps or bubble-like structures. When the samples were cryogenically split, the interior was found to contain numerous open cracks and voids; in a very few cases where the split actually went through a hump/bubble, cracks/voids were found immediately under the hump, suggesting a cause and effect relationship. The inside surfaces of the cracks and voids appeared in some cases to be either (a) smooth and undulating, or (b) about as would be expected if the two sides of the crack had been simply pulled apart; or (c) rough and/or debris-covered. In some type (c) cases they appeared to have been initially rough or debris-covered but to have been at least partially smoothed, possibly by processes involving heat, liquefaction and thermal decomposition. These observations seem consistent with an interpretation involving subsurface penetration of the propellant sample by visible and infrared (IR) radiation; this radiation then might cause cracks as a result of uneven expansion due to heating and/or internal gasification due to photochemical and/or thermal decomposition, particularly at sites of small patches of un-piasticized nitrocellulose (NC) fibers. If these changes also included liquefaction or melting, with or without decomposition, this would also help to understand the smoothing process. In any case, these results suggest that interaction of plasma radiation with the sample is a significant effect. An end-exposed grain of standard, semi-transparent JA2 was also examined; in this case the cracks were oriented differently; they extended from holes in the surface into the interior in a direction perpendicular to the surface and parallel to the direction of extrusion. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Schroeder, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8290-0 PY 2004 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1109/ELT.2004.1398093 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BBT10 UT WOS:000227664800057 ER PT S AU Rock, JC AF Rock, JC GP ieee TI Phased arrays using dual-wafer fabrication high-integration processes SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB This paper will explore the current research being conducted at the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center (RDEC) on the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama. It discusses the benefits of an electronically steerable phased array (ESA), in particular as it applies to a military environment. It includes a background study into the components behind the active ESA and discusses the current level of integration of the microelectronic circuitry in the design. The purpose of the research is to explore the highest possible level of component integration for a phased array utilizing the state-of-the-art in solid state electronics and semiconductor fabrication and packaging. The paper will also discuss the future direction of the research to be conducted on the RDEC. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM,RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 914 EP 921 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000087 ER PT S AU Rock, JC Hudson, T Buncick, M Tuck, E AF Rock, JC Hudson, T Buncick, M Tuck, E GP ieee TI Design, fabrication and testing of coplanar waveguide transmission lines for use in RF MEMS switches SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB The purpose of the paper is to discuss the design, fabrication, and testing of a set of coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines being developed for use in RF MEMS (Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical Systems) with possible applications in seeker systems used in smart weapons. The waveguides were developed by the Weapon Sciences Directorate of the US Army Aviation and Missile Command, Aviation and Missile, Research, Development and Engineering Center and tested by the RE Technology Branch of the Applied Sensors, Guidance, and Electronics Directorate. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM,RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 922 EP 929 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000088 ER PT S AU Rock, JC Mullins, J Ruffin, P AF Rock, JC Mullins, J Ruffin, P GP ieee TI Prospects on low-cost phased arrays using RF and optical MEMS SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB This paper will discuss the current research ongoing at the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center on the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama concerning phased arrays for tactical missile seeker systems. The purpose of the research is to identify possible ways to reduce the time needed for gimbaled seeker systems to steer the radiation beam by using electronically steerable arrays. Electronically steering of the radiation beam has many advantages over the traditional gimbaled system including faster beam steering time and increased space savings. This research involves work in the area of Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) for use in RF seeker systems and for use in optical LADAR systems. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM,RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 930 EP 939 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000089 ER PT S AU Canales, P Meshal, A Ricklin, J Vallestero, N AF Canales, P Meshal, A Ricklin, J Vallestero, N GP ieee TI Bandwidth enhancements for the army tactical network through laser communications SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB Current on-the-move network applications rely heavily on RF solutions to maintain mobility while providing adequate voice, video and data solutions. These applications demand the ability to quickly establish a network infrastructure and to be able to break down and move on when required. While existing RF technologies allow the user to remain mobile in the field, the future of on-the-move communications will demand a higher bandwidth than the current RF solutions can handle. This paper will explore the current efforts being made by the Army in the exploration of laser communications as a solution for these high bandwidth applications. C1 USA, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Canales, P (reprint author), USA, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 1696 EP 1701 DI 10.1109/AERO.2004.1367945 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000165 ER PT S AU Filipov, A Srour, N Falco, M AF Filipov, A Srour, N Falco, M GP ieee TI Distributed and disposable sensors at ARL and the ASCTA SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB ARL in conjunction with the Advanced Sensors Collaborative Technology Alliance (ASCTA) has embarked on a research program to develop technology that enables distributed Unattended Ground Sensors (UGS) to form ad hock networks which will be inexpensive and will be able to operate for months at a time on a single battery. These networks will cooperatively process multi-modal sensor data to achieve multi-target Detection, Classification and Tracking (DCT) of vehicles and people. To best accomplish this goal, a modular, scalable, and robust decentralized fusion architecture capable of operating under constrained bandwidth conditions is being developed that will perform data, feature, and information level fusion across all levels of the system hierarchy. Algorithms will be developed to autonomously allocate resources to optimize system performance; these will include self-calibration and localization, target handoff, sensor cueing, power management, and overall improvement in performance of DCT. This will allow for rapid deployment of UGS fields that provide information about large unoccupied areas. Finally system modeling and simulation will help optimize overall network performance, cost, operating life and bandwidth usage. This will identify new required sensor modalities and areas where sensor improvements are necessary. In those areas where significant processing load is anticipated, tools will be developed to exploit power/energy techniques for efficiently implementing complex algorithms. Additionally, in 2003, the Secretary of the Army/Acquisition, Logistics and technology challenged the Army Science and Technology community to (1) develop $10 disposable sensors, and (2) to make them applicable to our fighting forces. The ASCTA has embraced this goal and has enhanced our program to have a major impact in this endeavor. Progress, challenges, and requirements will be reported in some of these areas and new research opportunities will be identified. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Filipov, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 2065 EP 2071 DI 10.1109/AERO.2004.1367989 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000208 ER PT S AU Smith, BJ Garner, W Cannon, R AF Smith, BJ Garner, W Cannon, R GP ieee TI Precision dynamic SAR testbed for tactical missiles SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB The United States Army is currently investigating the feasibility/utility of a high resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mode for the detection and subsequent engagement of targets by tactical missiles. A precision dynamic SAR testbed has been designed, constructed and installed by the United States Army Aviation and Missile Command's (AMCOM) Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) at Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The purpose of the testbed is to allow the development and evaluation of image fort-nation algorithms, motion compensation techniques, and autofocus algorithms in a controlled and repeatable environment. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Smith, BJ (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM,RD,MG,RF, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 2220 EP 2226 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000224 ER EF